FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Roberts, SS Miller, RK Jones, JK Lindsay, KL Greene, MF Maddrey, WC Williams, IT Liu, J Spiegel, RJ AF Roberts, Susan S. Miller, Richard K. Jones, Judith K. Lindsay, Karen L. Greene, Michael F. Maddrey, Willis C. Williams, Ian T. Liu, John Spiegel, Robert J. TI The Ribavirin Pregnancy Registry: Findings after 5 Years of Enrollment, 2003-2009 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint Session of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Neurobehavioral-Teratology-Society / 50th Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society / 23rd Annual Education Conference of the Organization-of-Teratology-Information-Specialists CY JUN 26-30, 2010 CL Louisville, KY SP Neurobehav Teratol Soc, Teratol Soc, Org Teratol Informat Specialists ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SPERM MORPHOLOGY; EXPOSURE; THERAPY; SURVEILLANCE; INTERFERON; DEFECTS; RAT; PREVALENCE AB INTRODUCTION: Ribavirin, with interferons or pegylated interferons, is used to treat chronic hepatitis C. Ribavirin is contraindicated in pregnancy (FDA Pregnancy Category X) and in men whose partners may become pregnant. In 2003, the Ribavirin Pregnancy Registry was established to monitor pregnancy exposures to ribavirin and to evaluate the potential human teratogenicity of prenatal exposure. METHODS: This voluntary registry enrolls pregnant women who have been exposed to ribavirin during pregnancy or during the six months prior to conception either directly, by taking ribavirin, or indirectly through sexual contact with a man taking ribavirin. Women are followed until delivery; live born infants are followed for one year. The Registry aims to enroll 131 live births following direct (maternal) exposure to ribavirin and 131 live births following indirect (male) exposures. RESULTS: After more than five years of operation, the Registry has enrolled 49 live births with direct exposure and 69 live births following indirect exposure. Six outcomes with birth defects have been reported. All were among live born infants: torticollis (2), hypospadias (1), polydactyly and a neonatal tooth (1), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (1), ventricular septal defect and cyst of 4th ventricle of the brain (1). Three received direct exposures ([6.1% (95% Cl: 1.2, 16.9)], three were exposed indirectly [4.3% (95% Cl: 0.9, 12.2)]. CONCLUSIONS: Although current enrollment is far short of the required sample size, preliminary findings have not detected a signal indicating human teratogenicity for ribavirin. However, findings must be interpreted with caution concerning direct or indirect prenatal ribavirin exposures. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 88:551-559,2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Roberts, Susan S.] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Roberts, Susan S.] Kendle Int, Wilmington, NC USA. [Miller, Richard K.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Jones, Judith K.] Degge Grp Ltd, Arlington, VA USA. [Lindsay, Karen L.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Greene, Michael F.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Maddrey, Willis C.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Williams, Ian T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liu, John] Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA. [Spiegel, Robert J.] Schering Plough Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ USA. RP Roberts, SS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM robertss@uncw.edu NR 46 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 88 IS 7 BP 551 EP 559 DI 10.1002/bdra.20682 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 633NR UT WOS:000280510300005 PM 20564430 ER PT J AU Schmidt, RJ Romitti, PA Burns, TL Murray, JC Browne, ML Druschel, CM Olney, RS AF Schmidt, Rebecca J. Romitti, Paul A. Burns, Trudy L. Murray, Jeffrey C. Browne, Marilyn L. Druschel, Charlotte M. Olney, Richard S. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Caffeine, Selected Metabolic Gene Variants, and Risk for Neural Tube Defects SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Neural Tube Defects Conference CY SEP 24-27, 2007 CL Monterey, CA DE caffeine; gene-environment interaction; effect modification; cytochrome P450 CYP1A2; N-acetyltransferase NAT2; embryo; mammalian; metabolism; maternal exposure; adverse effects; neural tube defects; spinal dysraphism; encephalocele ID CASE-PARENT TRIADS; HUMAN-LIVER-MICROSOMES; LOG-LINEAR APPROACH; OROFACIAL CLEFTS; MATERNAL SMOKING; OFFSPRING GENES; CYP1A2 GENE; POLYMORPHISMS; DESIGN; BIOTRANSFORMATION AB BACKGROUND: Investigations of maternal caffeine intake and neural tube defects (NTDs) have not considered genetic influences. Caffeine metabolism gene effects were examined in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. METHODS: Average daily caffeine was summed from self-reported coffee, tea, soda, and chocolate intake for mothers of 768 NTD cases, and 4143 controls delivered from 1997 to 2002. A subset of 306 NTD and 669 control infants and their parents were genotyped for CYP1A2*1F, NAT2 481C>T, and NAT2 590G>A. CYP1A2*1F was classified by fast or slow oxidation status, and NAT2 variants were categorized into rapid or slow acetylation status. Case-control logistic regression analyses, family-based transmission/disequilibrium tests and log-linear analyses, and hybrid log-linear analyses were conducted to produce odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for caffeine intake and maternal and infant gene variants, and to examine interaction effects. RESULTS: NTDs were independently associated with infant slow NAT2 acetylator status (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.10-3.64) and maternal CYP1A2*1F fast oxidation status (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1 10-2.03). Mothers who consumed caffeine, oxidized CYP1A2*1F quickly, and acetylized NAT2 slowly had a nonsignificantly elevated estimated risk for an NTD-affected pregnancy (OR, 3.10; 95% CI, 0.86-11.21). Multiplicative interaction effects were observed between maternal caffeine and infant CYP1A2*1F fast oxidizer status (p(interaction) = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The association identified between maternal CYP1A2*1F fast oxidation status and NTDs should be examined further in the context of the other substrates of CYP1A2. Maternal caffeine and its metabolites may be associated with increased risk for NTD-affected pregnancies in genetically susceptible subgroups. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 88:560-569, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Schmidt, Rebecca J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Browne, Marilyn L.; Druschel, Charlotte M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Congenital Malformat Registry, Troy, NY USA. [Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schmidt, Rebecca J.; Romitti, Paul A.; Burns, Trudy L.; Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Schmidt, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, 123 MS1C,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rjschmidt@ucdavis.edu RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 FU NCBDD CDC HHS [U01 DD000492, U01/DD000492]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE08559, R01 DE008559, R37 DE008559, R37 DE008559-20]; PHS HHS [U50/CCU 713238] NR 37 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 88 IS 7 BP 560 EP 569 DI 10.1002/bdra.20681 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 633NR UT WOS:000280510300006 PM 20641098 ER PT J AU Livingston, SE Deubner, H Bruden, DL McMahon, BJ Homan, CE Townshend-Bulson, LJ Bruce, MG Hennessy, TW Williams, JL Gretch, DR AF Livingston, Stephen E. Deubner, Heike Bruden, Dana L. McMahon, Brian J. Homan, Chriss E. Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J. Bruce, Michael G. Hennessy, Thomas W. Williams, James L. Gretch, David R. TI Factors associated with the progression of fibrosis on liver biopsy in Alaska Native and American Indian persons with chronic hepatitis C SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C; Liver fibrosis; Liver steatosis ID DIABETES-MELLITUS; NATURAL-HISTORY; VIRUS; INFECTION; STEATOSIS; TRANSFUSION; OBESITY AB BACKGROUND: Various factors influence the development and rate of fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. OBJECTIVES: To examine factors associated with fibrosis in a long-term outcomes study of Alaska Native/American Indian persons who underwent liver biopsy, and to examine the rate of fibrosis progression in persons with subsequent biopsies. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of the demographic, inflammatory and viral characteristics of persons undergoing liver biopsy compared individuals with early (Ishak fibrosis score of lower than 3) with those with advanced (Ishak score of 3 or greater) fibrosis. Persons who underwent two or more biopsies were analyzed for factors associated with fibrosis progression. RESULTS: Of 253 HCV RNA-positive persons who underwent at least one liver biopsy, 76 (30%) had advanced fibrosis. On multivariate analysis, a Knodell histological activity index score of 10 to 14 and an alpha-fetoprotein level of 8 ng/mL or higher were found to be independent predictors of advanced liver fibrosis (P<0.0001 for each). When surrogate markers of liver inflammation (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio and alpha-fetoprotein) were removed from the model, type 2 diabetes mellitus (P=0.001), steatosis (P=0.03) and duration of HCV infection by 10-year intervals (P=0.02) were associated with advanced fibrosis. Among 52 persons who underwent two or more biopsies a mean of 6.2 years apart, the mean Ishak fibrosis score increased between biopsies (P=0.002), with progression associated with older age at initial biopsy and HCV risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, steatosis and duration of HCV infection were independent predictors of advanced fibrosis in the present cohort, with significant fibrosis progression demonstrated in persons who underwent serial biopsies. C1 [Livingston, Stephen E.; McMahon, Brian J.; Homan, Chriss E.; Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J.; Williams, James L.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium Liver Dis &, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Deubner, Heike; Gretch, David R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Bruden, Dana L.; McMahon, Brian J.; Bruce, Michael G.; Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Livingston, SE (reprint author), Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium Liver Dis &, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, 4315 Diplomacy Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM slivings@anthc.org FU University of Washington (Washington, USA) National Institutes of Health [A48214, A1066209]; Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage (Alaska, USA); National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, USA FX This study was supported by University of Washington (Washington, USA) National Institutes of Health grants A48214 and A1066209, the Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program of the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage (Alaska, USA), and the Arctic Investigations Program of the National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, USA). NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE, ONTARIO L6J 7L6, CANADA SN 0835-7900 J9 CAN J GASTROENTEROL JI Can. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 24 IS 7 BP 445 EP 451 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 649LZ UT WOS:000281773500006 PM 20652161 ER PT J AU Tangka, FKL O'Hara, B Gardner, JG Turner, J Royalty, J Shaw, K Sabatino, S Hall, IJ Coates, RJ AF Tangka, Florence K. L. O'Hara, Brett Gardner, James G. Turner, Joanna Royalty, Janet Shaw, Kate Sabatino, Susan Hall, Ingrid J. Coates, Ralph J. TI Meeting the cervical cancer screening needs of underserved women: The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, 2004-2006 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Cervical cancer; Pap tests utilization; Screening rates; Medically underserved ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH AB To examine the extent to which the only national organized screening program in the US, the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), has helped to meet the cervical cancer screening needs of underserved women. Low-income, uninsured women 18-64 years of age are eligible for free cervical cancer screening services through NBCCEDP. We used data from the US Census Bureau to estimate the number of eligible women, based on insurance status and income. The estimates were adjusted for hysterectomy status using the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We used administrative data from NBCCEDP to obtain the number of women receiving NBCCEDP-funded Papanicolaou (Pap) tests. We then calculated the percentage of NBCCEDP-eligible women who received free cervical cancer screening through NBCCEDP. We also used the NHIS to calculate the percentage of NBCCEDP-eligible women screened nationally and the percentage unscreened. In 2004-2006, nearly 9% (775,312 of 8.9 million) of NBCCEDP-eligible women, received NBCCEDP-funded Pap test. Rates varied substantially by age groups, race, and ethnicity. NBCCEDP-eligible women 40-64 years of age had a higher screening rate (22.6%) than eligible women 18-39 years of age (2.3%). Non-Hispanic women had a higher screening rate (9.3%) than Hispanic women (7.3%). Among non-Hispanics, the screening rate was highest among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) women (36.1%) and lowest among women of different race combinations (4.6%), The percentage of eligible women screened in each state ranged from 2.0 to 38.4%. Although NBCCEDP provided cervical cancer screening services to 775,312 low-income, uninsured women, this number represented a small percentage of those eligible. In 2005, more than 34% of NBCCEDP-eligible women (3.1 million women) did not receive recommended Pap tests from either NBCCEDP or other sources. C1 [Tangka, Florence K. L.; Gardner, James G.; Royalty, Janet; Sabatino, Susan; Hall, Ingrid J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shaw, Kate] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Hara, Brett] US Bur Census, Data Integrat Div, Washington, DC 20233 USA. [Turner, Joanna] US Bur Census, Housing & Household Econ Stat Div, Washington, DC 20233 USA. RP Tangka, FKL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fbt9@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUL PY 2010 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1081 EP 1090 DI 10.1007/s10552-010-9536-3 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 608WE UT WOS:000278615900011 PM 20361353 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Herring, AH Sjodin, A Jones, R Needham, L Ma, C Ding, K Shaw, GM AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Herring, Amy H. Sjoedin, Andreas Jones, Richard Needham, Larry Ma, Chen Ding, Kai Shaw, Gary M. TI Hypospadias and halogenated organic pollutant levels in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Hypospadias; PCB; PBDE; DDE; Pesticide; Pregnancy ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; MALE-RAT; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; DETECTION LIMITS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; EXPOSURE; CRYPTORCHIDISM; POPULATION AB Background. Environmental contaminants that disrupt endocrine function may contribute to hypospadias etiology Objective To compare levels of selected halogenated organic pollutants in women delivering infants with and without hypospadias. Methods This study examined levels of nine polybrominated flame retardants (PBDEs), 30 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and nine persistent pesticides in mid-pregnancy serum samples from 20 women who delivered infants with hypospadias and 28 women who delivered unaffected infants, in California. Analytes were measured using isotope dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry Values below individual limits of detection (LOD) for each analyte were imputed based on a truncated multivariate normal distribution. Levels of 17 analytes for which at least 50% of cases and controls had values above the LOD were compared using t-tests and by generating odds ratios from logistic regression analyses. Results. Means were greater for cases than controls for 11 of the 17 reported analytes (4 of 5 PBDEs, 7 of 9 PCBs. and 0 of 3 other persistent pesticides), but none of the differences were statistically significant Eleven of the 17 odds ratios exceeded one (the same analytes that hid greater means), but none of the confidence intervals excluded one. After adjustment for sample processing time and foreign-born Hispanic race-ethnicity, only four of the odds ratios exceeded one. Conclusions Levels of the PBDEs and PCBs were not statistically significantly different, but the sample size was small. The current study adds to a relatively limited knowledge base regarding the potential association of specific contaminants with hypospadias or other birth defects (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Ma, Chen] March Dimes Fdn, Calif Res Div, Oakland, CA USA. [Herring, Amy H.; Ding, Kai] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard; Needham, Larry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Calif Res Div, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers of Excellence [U50/CCU925286]; NIH/NIEHS [P30ES10126]; EPA [RD-83184301] FX This research was supported by a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers of Excellence Award No. U50/CCU925286, and by NIH/NIEHS P30ES10126 and EPA RD-83184301. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 2010 VL 80 IS 6 BP 641 EP 646 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.04.055 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 636PD UT WOS:000280749500005 PM 20494400 ER PT J AU Leung, J Harpaz, R Baughman, AL Heath, K Loparev, V Vazquez, M Watson, BM Schmid, DS AF Leung, Jessica Harpaz, Rafael Baughman, Andrew L. Heath, Karl Loparev, Vladimir Vazquez, Marietta Watson, Barbara M. Schmid, D. Scott TI Evaluation of Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Varicella SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ZOSTER-VIRUS-INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; HERPES-SIMPLEX; VACCINE; CHILDREN; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IMMUNIZATION; PREVENTION AB Background. The incidence of varicella disease is declining as a result of vaccination, making clinical diagnosis more challenging, particularly for vaccine-modified cases. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of laboratory tests and specimen types to assess diagnostic performance and determine what role testing can play after skin lesions have resolved. Methods. We enrolled patients with suspected varicella disease in 2 communities. Enrollees were visited at the time of rash onset and 2 weeks later. Multiple skin lesion, oral, urine, and blood or serum specimens were requested at each visit and tested for varicella zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA antibody by enzyme-linked immunoassay; for VZV antigen by direct fluorescent antibody; and/or for VZV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clinical certainty of the diagnosis of varicella disease was scored. PCR results from first-visit vesicles or scab specimens served as the gold standard in assessing test performance. Results. Of 93 enrollees, 53 were confirmed to have varicella disease. Among 20 unmodified cases, PCR testing was 95%-100% sensitive for macular and/or papular lesions and for oral specimens collected at the first visit; most specimens from the second visit yielded negative results. Among 27 vaccine-modified cases, macular and/or papular lesions collected at the first visit were also 100% sensitive; yields from other specimens were poorer, and few specimens from the second visit tested positive. Clinical diagnosis was 100% and 85% sensitive for diagnosing unmodified and vaccine-modified varicella cases, respectively. Conclusions. PCR testing of skin lesion specimens remains convenient and accurate for diagnosing varicella disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons. PCR of oral specimens can sometimes aid in diagnosis of varicella disease, even after rash resolves. C1 [Leung, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vazquez, Marietta] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Heath, Karl; Watson, Barbara M.] Philadelphia Dept Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Leung, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JLeung@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 1 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1086/653113 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 605VM UT WOS:000278375100004 PM 20504232 ER PT J AU Teshale, E Hu, DJ Holmberg, SD AF Teshale, Eyasu Hu, Dale J. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Household Data from the Ugandan Hepatitis E Virus Outbreak Indicate the Dominance of Community Infection Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Teshale, Eyasu; Hu, Dale J.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Teshale, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eht4@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 51 IS 1 BP 118 EP 119 DI 10.1086/653449 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 605VM UT WOS:000278375100023 ER PT J AU Craun, GF Brunkard, JM Yoder, JS Roberts, VA Carpenter, J Wade, T Calderon, RL Roberts, JM Beach, MJ Roy, SL AF Craun, Gunther F. Brunkard, Joan M. Yoder, Jonathan S. Roberts, Virginia A. Carpenter, Joe Wade, Tim Calderon, Rebecca L. Roberts, Jacquelin M. Beach, Michael J. Roy, Sharon L. TI Causes of Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water in the United States from 1971 to 2006 SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; MILWAUKEE; SURVEILLANCE; ILLNESS; INFECTIONS; WISCONSIN; MORTALITY AB Since 1971, the CDC, EPA, and Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) have maintained the collaborative national Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS) to document waterborne disease outbreaks (WBDOs) reported by local, state, and territorial health departments. WBDOs were recently reclassified to better characterize water system deficiencies and risk factors; data were analyzed for trends in outbreak occurrence, etiologies, and deficiencies during 1971 to 2006. A total of 833 WBDOs, 577,991 cases of illness, and 106 deaths were reported during 1971 to 2006. Trends of public health significance include (i) a decrease in the number of reported outbreaks over time and in the annual proportion of outbreaks reported in public water systems, (ii) an increase in the annual proportion of outbreaks reported in individual water systems and in the proportion of outbreaks associated with premise plumbing deficiencies in public water systems, (iii) no change in the annual proportion of outbreaks associated with distribution system deficiencies or the use of untreated and improperly treated groundwater in public water systems, and (iv) the increasing importance of Legionella since its inclusion in WBDOSS in 2001. Data from WBDOSS have helped inform public health and regulatory responses. Additional resources for waterborne disease surveillance and outbreak detection are essential to improve our ability to monitor, detect, and prevent waterborne disease in the United States. C1 [Craun, Gunther F.] Gunther F Craun & Associates, Staunton, VA USA. [Brunkard, Joan M.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Roberts, Virginia A.; Carpenter, Joe; Roberts, Jacquelin M.; Beach, Michael J.; Roy, Sharon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roberts, Virginia A.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Roberts, Virginia A.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wade, Tim; Calderon, Rebecca L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Roy, SL (reprint author), CDC, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis Proposed, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM str2@cdc.gov OI Brunkard, Joan/0000-0001-5270-2627 NR 48 TC 129 Z9 139 U1 9 U2 53 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 EI 1098-6618 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 23 IS 3 BP 507 EP + DI 10.1128/CMR.00077-09 PG 23 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 621XM UT WOS:000279619700003 PM 20610821 ER PT J AU Hon, S Aldosary, B Wang, R Thomas, J Schwartz, M Morgan, B AF Hon, S. Aldosary, B. Wang, R. Thomas, J. Schwartz, M. Morgan, B. TI 5-Fluorouracil Overdose: A Case of Potential Fatal Toxicity Treated with a Unique Investigational Oral Antidote SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hon, S.; Aldosary, B.] Georgia Poison Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, R.; Thomas, J.; Schwartz, M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morgan, B.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 MA 39 BP 612 EP 612 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 671HY UT WOS:000283492900059 ER PT J AU Jain, RB Thomas, JD Wang, RY AF Jain, R. B. Thomas, J. D. Wang, R. Y. TI Association of Caffeine Consumption and Smoking Status with Serum Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the General US Population SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jain, R. B.; Thomas, J. D.; Wang, R. Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 MA 80 BP 621 EP 621 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 671HY UT WOS:000283492900100 ER PT J AU Schier, JG Barr, DB Li, Z Wolkin, AF Baker, SE Lewis, LS McGeehin, MA AF Schier, J. G. Barr, D. B. Li, Z. Wolkin, A. F. Baker, S. E. Lewis, L. S. McGeehin, M. A. TI Diethylene Glycol in Over-the-Counter Health Products Imported from China and Other Asian Countries SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schier, J. G.; Barr, D. B.; Li, Z.; Wolkin, A. F.; Baker, S. E.; Lewis, L. S.; McGeehin, M. A.] CDC, NCEH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 MA 107 BP 626 EP 626 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 671HY UT WOS:000283492900127 ER PT J AU Curtis, KM Jamieson, DJ Peterson, HB Marchbanks, PA AF Curtis, Kathryn M. Jamieson, Denise J. Peterson, Herbert B. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Adaptation of the World Health Organization's Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use for use in the United States SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Hormonal contraception; Clinical guidelines ID UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; GUIDANCE AB Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently adapted global guidance on contraceptive use from the World Health Organization (WHO) to create the United States Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (M CC). This guidance includes recommendations for use of specific contraceptive methods by people with certain characteristics or medical conditions. Study Design: CDC determined the need and scope for the adaptation, conducted 12 systematic reviews of the scientific evidence and convened a meeting of health professionals to discuss recommendations based on the evidence. Results: The vast majority of the US guidance is the same as the WHO guidance and addresses over 160 characteristics or medical conditions. Modifications were made to WHO recommendations for six medical conditions, and recommendations were developed for six new medical conditions. Conclusion: The US MEC is intended to serve as a source of clinical guidance for providers as they counsel clients about contraceptive method choices. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Peterson, Herbert B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Peterson, Herbert B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.014 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300002 PM 20682138 ER PT J AU Kapp, N Curtis, KM AF Kapp, Nathalie Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Combined oral contraceptive use among breastfeeding women: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Breastfeeding; Breast milk; Combined hormonal contraception; Lactation; Postpartum; Puerperium ID LONG-TERM INFLUENCE; NURSING WOMEN; FERTILITY REGULATION; INFANT GROWTH; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES; POST PARTUM; LACTATION; MILK; POSTPARTUM; MOTHERS AB Background: Postpartum women need effective contraception, but using hormonal contraceptives may affect breastfeeding performance and infant health outcomes. Study design: We searched the MEDLINE and Cochrane databases for all articles published through May 2009 for primary research studies that investigated clinical outcomes among breastfeeding women who used hormonal contraception or their infants. Results: Three randomized controlled trials reported decreased mean duration of breastfeeding and higher rates of supplemental feeding among combined oral contraceptive (COC) users than among nonusers, while one multicountry trial found no differences in these parameters. Only one study demonstrated lower average weights during the first year of life for infants whose mothers used COCs while breastfeeding. None of the eight studies, four of which were observational, included in this review documented adverse infant health outcomes. Conclusions: Limited evidence demonstrates an inconsistent effect of COC on breastfeeding duration and success. The evidence is inadequate to determine whether a mother's use of these drugs affects breastfeeding duration or the infant's health. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kapp, Nathalie] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kapp, N (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM kappn@who.int FU Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Agency for International Development; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in the USA FX This review was supported by resources from the Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Agency for International Development and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in the USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 10 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.001 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300003 PM 20682139 ER PT J AU Kapp, N Curtis, K Nanda, K AF Kapp, Nathalie Curtis, Kathryn Nanda, Kavita TI Progestogen-only contraceptive use among breastfeeding women: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Breastfeeding; Lactation; Postpartum contraception; Progestogen-only contraception ID DEPOT-MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; NURSING WOMEN; INFANT GROWTH; FERTILITY REGULATION; EARLY POSTPARTUM; LACTATING WOMEN; INTRAUTERINE-DEVICE; LEVONORGESTREL LNG; VAGINAL RING; COPPER-T AB Background: The use of progestogen-only contraceptives by breastfeeding women raises theoretical concerns regarding possible adverse effects on breastfeeding success, and infant health or growth. This review was conducted to determine from the literature whether use of progestogen-only contraceptives by breastfeeding women leads to adverse effects on lactation, or infant growth or health when compared to nonuse. Study Design: We searched the Medline, Popline, Cochrane and LILACS databases for all articles published from database inception through May 2009. Studies were included if they investigated the use of progestogen-only methods in breastfeeding women and reported on clinical outcomes in either women or their infants. Standard data abstraction templates were used to systematically assess and summarize. Summary odds ratios were not calculated, given the heterogeneity of interventions, results and non-quantifiable outcomes reported. Results: We identified 43 articles for this review. Overall, five randomized trials and 38 observational studies demonstrated no adverse effects of various progestogen-only methods of contraception on multiple measures of breastfeeding performance through 12 months in women using these methods in the postpartum period. Many of these studies also demonstrated no adverse effects of progestogen-only methods on infant growth, health or development from 6 months to 6 years of age. Additional studies demonstrated no effects on infant immunoglobulins or sex hormones of exposed male infants. A single study of a desogestrel pill reported two cases of gynecomastia in exposed infants. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that progestogen-only methods of contraception do not adversely affect breastfeeding performance when used during lactation. Evidence that progestogen-only contraception does not adversely affect infant growth, health, or development when used by breastfeeding women is consistent but methodologically limited. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kapp, Nathalie] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Curtis, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nanda, Kavita] Family Hlth Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kapp, N (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM kappn@who.int OI Nanda, Kavita/0000-0001-7650-2929 FU Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Agency for International Development; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA FX This review was supported by resources from the Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Agency for International Development, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA. NR 60 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 17 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.002 PG 21 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300004 PM 20682140 ER PT J AU Zapata, LB Whiteman, MK Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Zapata, Lauren B. Whiteman, Maura K. Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Intrauterine device use among women with ovarian cancer: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Intrauterine device; Ovarian cancer; Ovarian neoplasm; Immunosuppression ID TUMORS AB Background: Fertility-sparing treatment may be an option for women with early stage ovarian cancer and certain tumor types. This systematic review evaluated the evidence on the safety of intrauterine device (IUD) use by women with ovarian cancer. Study Design: We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles relevant to IUD (copper or levonorgestrel-releasing) use and ovarian cancer published in any language from database inception through August 2009. We sought studies that examined outcomes among women using an IUD at or after ovarian cancer diagnosis. Results: Of the 250 articles identified by our search strategy, none provided evidence (direct or indirect) regarding the safety of IUD use among women with ovarian cancer. Conclusions: No evidence on the safety of IUD use among women with ovarian cancer was identified. While there are some theoretical concerns that IUD use might affect monitoring of disease progression of sex cord-stromal tumors, or increase risk of pelvic infection or vaginal bleeding among women undergoing chemotherapy, we did not find any data to suggest that IUD use would lead to worsening of primary ovarian cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zapata, Lauren B.; Whiteman, Maura K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zapata, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lzapata@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 38 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.013 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300005 PM 20682141 ER PT J AU Zapata, LB Whiteman, MK Tepper, NK Jamieson, DJ Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Zapata, Lauren B. Whiteman, Maura K. Tepper, Naomi K. Jamieson, Denise J. Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Intrauterine device use among women with uterine fibroids: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Intrauterine device; Uterine fibroid; Leiomyoma; Uterine bleeding; Expulsion ID DRUG-DELIVERY SYSTEM; MYOMA-RELATED MENORRHAGIA; MENSTRUAL BLOOD-LOSS; LEVONORGESTREL; CONTRACEPTION; LEIOMYOMAS AB Background: There are concerns that intrauterine device (IUD) use by women with uterine fibroids might increase their uterine bleeding or risk for device expulsion. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate evidence concerning the safety and effectiveness of IUD use among women with uterine fibroids. Key questions included whether IUD use is associated with increased risk for uterine bleeding among women with uterine fibroids and whether the presence of uterine fibroids is associated with an increased risk for device expulsion among IUD users. Study Design: We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles relevant to IUD (copper or levonorgestrel-releasing) use and uterine fibroids published in any language from database inception through June 2009. We used standard abstract forms and a grading system to summarize and assess the quality of the evidence. Results: From 202 articles found in the database search, we identified 11 studies that met our inclusion criteria, all of which examined outcomes among users of the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (LNG-IUD). Evidence from 10 of 11 noncomparative studies (Level II-3, fair) suggests that LNG-IUD use among women with fibroids does not increase menstrual bleeding, and results from all 11 showed that menstrual blood loss decreased among women who continued to use the LNG-IUD through the end of the study period. Overall, scrum levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and ferritin increased among LNG-IUD users in studies that assessed these outcomes. Several studies reported some occurrences of irregular bleeding. Findings from two cohort studies (Level II-2, fair to poor) showed rates of LNG-IUD expulsion to be higher among women with uterine fibroids (11% in each) than among women without uterine fibroids (0% and 3%); however, in one study the difference was not statistically significant, and in the other significance testing was not conducted. Six prospective noncomparative studies reported expulsion rates of 0-20% among women with uterine fibroids. Conclusions: Most women with uterine fibroids are likely to have less menstrual blood loss and higher serum levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and ferritin after insertion of an LNG-IUD, despite some occurrences of irregular bleeding. LNG-IUD users with uterine fibroids may have higher rates of expulsion than those without fibroids. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zapata, Lauren B.; Whiteman, Maura K.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zapata, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lzapata@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 41 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.011 PG 15 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300006 PM 20682142 ER PT J AU Whiteman, MK Zapata, LB Tepper, NK Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Whiteman, Maura K. Zapata, Lauren B. Tepper, Naomi K. Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Use of contraceptive methods among women with endometrial hyperplasia: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Contraceptives; Endometrial hyperplasia; Systematic review ID TERM-FOLLOW-UP; INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM; LEVONORGESTREL; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE; MANAGEMENT; PROGESTINS; THERAPY; IUD AB Background: The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for the safety of contraceptive use among women with endometrial hyperplasia. Study Design: We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles published in any language from database inception through February 2009 concerning the safety of using any contraceptive method among women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia. We excluded case reports but included all other study designs. The quality of each individual piece of evidence was assessed using the United States Preventive Services Task Force grading system. Results: We identified nine articles that met the criteria for review. Each study examined levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG-IUDs); no studies were identified that examined other contraceptive methods. Overall, these studies suggest that LNG-IUD use is not associated with adverse health events among women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia. Disease regression with LNG-IUD use was observed in all women in seven studies, in 90% of women in one study, and in 67% of women in one study. Limitations of the studies include small sample sizes and lack of a comparison group or nonrandomized assignment to LNG-IUD. Conclusions: There is fair quality evidence indicating that use of the LNG-IUD is safe for women with endometrial hyperplasia and may have therapeutic benefits. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Whiteman, Maura K.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Whiteman, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acq5@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 56 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.005 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300007 PM 20682143 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Folger, SG Paulen, ME Curtis, KM AF Farr, Sherry L. Folger, Suzanne G. Paulen, Melissa E. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Safety of contraceptive methods for women with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Contraception; Estrogen; Oral contraceptives; Progesterone; Progestins; Rheumatoid arthritis ID SERVICES-TASK-FORCE; INTRAUTERINE-DEVICE; FREQUENCY; PREGNANCY; DISEASES; INFECTION; MESTRANOL; ESTROGEN; THERAPY; RISK AB Background: Women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their clinicians may have unique concerns about certain methods of contraception. Study Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature in the MEDLINE database through February 2009 for peer-reviewed journal articles on use of any method of contraception, or progestins or estrogens, and progression of RA. Results: We identified eight articles that met the inclusion criteria: six examined oral contraceptives (OCs), one progesterone, and one estrogen. We found no studies on other methods of contraception. For OCs, no consistent pattern of improvement or worsening of disease emerged and most patients showed little change in RA symptoms. We saw little improvement in the studies examining progesterone and estrogen. Conclusion: Although sparse and based primarily on older studies of poor quality, this information suggests that OC use is unlikely to affect RA disease progression. Research is needed on other forms of contraception, such as DMPA and IUD. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Folger, Suzanne G.; Paulen, Melissa E.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SFarr@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.003 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300008 PM 20682144 ER PT J AU Zapata, LB Paulen, ME Cansino, C Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Zapata, Lauren B. Paulen, Melissa E. Cansino, Catherine Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Contraceptive use among women with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Contraception; Inflammatory bowel disease; Ulcerative Colitis; Crohn's disease ID CROHNS-DISEASE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; RISK; PREVALENCE; RELAPSE; LEVONORGESTREL; METAANALYSIS; ABSORPTION; PARAMETERS AB Background: There are theoretical concerns that use of hormonal contraceptives by women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) might increase disease relapse and risk of other adverse health outcomes, including thrombosis. In addition, there are concerns that IBD-related malabsorption might decrease the effectiveness of orally ingested contraceptives. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence on the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive use among women with IBD. Study Design: We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles relevant to contraceptive use and IBD that were published in any language from inception of the database through February 2009. We used standard abstract forms and grading systems to summarize and assess the quality of the evidence. Results: From 207 articles, we identified 10 studies that met our inclusion criteria. Evidence from five cohort studies (Level II-2, fair to good) suggests no increased risk of IBD relapse with use of oral contraceptives. Evidence from two pharmacokinetic studies (not graded) suggests that women with mild ulcerative colitis and those with an ileostomy following a proctocolectomy with small deal resections have plasma concentrations of steroid hormones after oral ingestion of higher doses of combined oral contraceptives that are similar to the plasma concentrations among healthy volunteers. No studies were found that examined the risk of thrombosis among women with IBD who used hormonal contraceptives. Conclusions: Limited evidence suggests there is no increased risk of disease relapse among women with IBD who use oral contraceptives, and there seem to be no differences in the absorption of higher-dose combined oral contraceptives between women with mild ulcerative colitis and small Heal resections and healthy women. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zapata, Lauren B.; Paulen, Melissa E.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cansino, Catherine] Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21223 USA. RP Zapata, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lzapata@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 72 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.012 PG 14 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300009 PM 20682145 ER PT J AU Paulen, ME Zapata, LB Cansino, C Curtis, KM Jamieson, DJ AF Paulen, Melissa E. Zapata, Lauren B. Cansino, Catherine Curtis, Kathryn M. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Contraceptive use among women with a history of bariatric surgery: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Contraception; Bariatric surgery; Gastric bypass; Biliopancreatic diversion; Gastric banding; Systematic review ID VERTICAL BANDED GASTROPLASTY; GASTRIC-BYPASS-SURGERY; MASSIVE EXCESS WEIGHT; MORBID-OBESITY; JEJUNOILEAL BYPASS; BILIOPANCREATIC DIVERSION; ORAL-CONTRACEPTION; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; HORMONAL CHANGES; OUTCOMES AB Background: Weight loss after bariatric surgery often improves fertility but can pose substantial risks to maternal and fetal outcomes. Women who have undergone a bariatric surgical procedure are currently advised to delay conception for up to 2 years. Study Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature, from database (PubMed) inception through February 2009, to evaluate evidence on the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive use among women with a history of bariatric surgery. Results: From 29 articles, five met review inclusion criteria. One prospective, noncomparative study reported 2 pregnancies among 9 (22%) oral contraceptive (OC) users following biliopancreatic diversion, and one descriptive study reported no pregnancies among an unidentified number of women taking OCs following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Of two pharmacokinetic studies, one found lower plasma levels of norethisterone and levonorgestrel among women having had a jejunoileal bypass, as compared to nonoperated, normal-weight controls. The other study found no difference in plasma levels of D-norgestrel between women having a jejunoileal bypass of either 1:3 or 3:1 ratio between the length of jejunum and ileum left in continuity, but women with a 1:3 ratio had significantly higher plasma levels of D-norgestrel than extremely obese controls not operated upon. Conclusions: Evidence regarding OC effectiveness following a bariatric surgical procedure is quite limited, although no substantial decrease in effectiveness was identified from available studies. Evidence on failure rates for other contraceptive methods and evidence on safety for all contraceptive methods was not identified. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Paulen, Melissa E.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cansino, Catherine] Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov NR 55 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.008 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300010 PM 20682146 ER PT J AU Tepper, NK Paulen, ME Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Tepper, Naomi K. Paulen, Melissa E. Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Safety of contraceptive use among women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Peripartum cardiomyopathy; Cardiomyopathy; Heart failure; Contraception; Systematic review ID DEVICE INSERTION; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; INTRAUTERINE-DEVICE; HEART-DISEASE AB Study Design: Women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) have significant health risks during subsequent pregnancies and therefore have a critical need for safe and effective contraception. This systematic review examines evidence regarding the safety of contraceptive use among women with PPCM. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for all primary research articles published through February 2009 that addressed the safety of any contraceptive method among women with PPCM or other cardiomyopathy of any type. Results: Of 110 articles that addressed contraceptive safety among women with cardiac disease, three met our inclusion criteria. In these three studies, which included a total of five women with cardiomyopathy, though not specifically PPCM, cases of hypertension, transient ischemic attack (TIA), thromboembolism or heart failure were found among women with cardiac disease who used hormonal methods of contraception including combined oral contraceptives, progestin-only pills and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. None of the studies reported any cases of cardiovascular complications or infective endocarditis among women with cardiac disease who used intrauterine devices (IUDs). Conclusions: We found no data concerning the safety of contraceptive use among women with PPCM, though we did find limited evidence of hypertension, TIA, thromboembolism and heart failure among women with cardiac disease who used hormonal methods of contraception. None of the studies reported any cases of cardiovascular complications or infective endocarditis among women with cardiac disease who used IUDs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tepper, Naomi K.; Paulen, Melissa E.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tepper, NK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ntepper@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.004 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300011 PM 20682147 ER PT J AU Paulen, ME Folger, SG Curtis, KM Jamieson, DJ AF Paulen, Melissa E. Folger, Suzanne G. Curtis, Kathryn M. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Contraceptive use among solid organ transplant patients: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Contraception; Solid organ transplant; Transplant patients; Systematic review ID LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION; INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; DEVICE; OSTEOPOROSIS AB Background: Women undergoing solid organ transplantation are advised to avoid pregnancy for up to 24 months following transplant surgery. Study Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature, from database (PubMed) inception through February 2009, to evaluate evidence on the safety and effectiveness of contraceptive use among women having undergone solid organ transplantation. Results: From 643 articles, eight articles from seven studies satisfied review inclusion criteria; six articles pertained to kidney transplant patients, and two reported on liver transplant patients. Two reports of one prospective cohort of 36 kidney transplant recipients taking combined oral contraceptives (COCs) or using the transdermal contraceptive patch reported no significant changes in biochemical measures after 18 months of use for either group, although 13 women modified antihypertensive medication, and two women discontinued the study because of serious medical complications. Four case reports of five kidney recipients using intrauterine devices reported inconsistent findings, including both beneficial health effects and contraceptive failures. One retrospective, noncomparative study of 15 liver transplant recipients using COCs or the transdermal contraceptive patch found no significant changes in any biochemical measures obtained, no discontinuations or severe complications and no pregnancies after a 12-month follow up. One case report of a liver transplant recipient on cyclosporine and prednisone documented the development of cholestasis associated with high-dose (50 mcg ethinyl estradiol) COC use as treatment for heavy uterine bleeding. Conclusions: Very limited evidence on COC and transdermal contraceptive patch use among kidney and liver transplant recipients indicated no pregnancies and no overall changes in biochemical measures. Excluding case reports, evidence on other contraceptive methods or contraception among other types of solid organ transplants was not identified. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Paulen, Melissa E.; Folger, Suzanne G.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.007 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300012 PM 20682148 ER PT J AU Folger, SG Curtis, KM Tepper, NK Gaffield, ME Marchbanks, PA AF Folger, Suzanne G. Curtis, Kathryn M. Tepper, Naomi K. Gaffield, Mary E. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Guidance on medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use: identification of research gaps SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; OBESITY; WOMEN; PREGNANCIES; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES C1 [Folger, Suzanne G.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gaffield, Mary E.] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Folger, SG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sxg1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 1 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.02.015 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 619QR UT WOS:000279445300013 PM 20682149 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Li, BY Giles, WH Liu, SM AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Li, Benyi Giles, Wayne H. Liu, Simin TI Association of Testosterone and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin With Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Men SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE-AGED MEN; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; AGING MEN; OBESE MEN; PLASMA; HEALTH; WOMEN; RISK AB OBJECTIVE - We sought to assess the associations of testosterones and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in men. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We defined metabolic syndrome according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Among men aged >= 20 years who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 1,226), the Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the prevalence ratio and 95% Cl of metabolic syndrome according to circulating concentrations of testosterones and SHBG. RESULTS - After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity level, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance, men in the first quartile (lowest) (prevalence ratio 2.16 [95% Cl 1.53-3.06]) and second quartile of total testosterone (2.51 [1.86-3.37]) were more likely to have metabolic syndrome than men in the fourth quartile (highest, referent group) (P < 0.001 for linear trend). Similarly, men in the first quartile of SHBG (2.17 [1.32-3.56]) were more likely to have metabolic syndrome than men in the fourth quartile (P = 0.02 for linear trend). No significant associations of calculated free testosterone (P = 0.31 for linear trend) and bioavailable testosterone (P = 0.11 for linear trend) with metabolic syndrome were detected after adjustment for all possible confounders. CONCLUSIONS - Low concentrations of total testosterone and SHBG were strongly associated with increased likelihood of having metabolic syndrome, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and insulin resistance. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Benyi] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Liu, Simin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Metab Dis Prevent, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, Simin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Metab Dis Prevent, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010; Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X; Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844 NR 25 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2010 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1618 EP 1624 DI 10.2337/dc09-1788 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 656SL UT WOS:000282356800041 PM 20368409 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP Gregg, EW Williamson, DF Barker, LE Thomas, W Bullard, KM Imperatore, G Williams, DE Albright, AL AF Zhang, Xuanping Gregg, Edward W. Williamson, David F. Barker, Lawrence E. Thomas, William Bullard, Kai McKeever Imperatore, Giuseppina Williams, Desmond E. Albright, Ann L. TI A1C Level and Future Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; LIFE-STYLE; PREDICTS; MELLITUS; PROGRESSION; PREVENTION; ASSAY; COMBINATION AB We examined ranges of A1C useful for identifying persons at high risk for diabetes prior to preventive intervention by conducting a systematic review. From 16 included studies, we found that annualized diabetes incidence ranged from 0.1% at A1C <5.0% to 54.1% at A1C >= 6.1% Findings from 7 studies that examined incident diabetes across a broad range of A1C categories showed 1) risk of incident diabetes increased steeply with A1C across the range of 5.0 to 6.5%; 2) the A1C range of 6.0 to 6.5% was associated with a highly increased risk of incident diabetes, 25 to 50% incidence over 5 years; 3) the A1C range of 5.5 to 6.0% was associated with a moderately increased relative risk, 9 to 25% incidence over 5 years; and 4) the A1C range of 5.0 to 5.5% was associated with an increased incidence relative to those with A1C <5%, but the absolute incidence of diabetes was less than 9% over 5 years. Our systematic review demonstrated that A1C values between 5.5 and 6.5% were associated with a substantially increased risk for developing diabetes. C1 [Zhang, Xuanping; Gregg, Edward W.; Barker, Lawrence E.; Thomas, William; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Imperatore, Giuseppina; Williams, Desmond E.; Albright, Ann L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williamson, David F.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Zhang, XP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xbz2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 30 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2010 VL 33 IS 7 BP 1665 EP 1673 DI 10.2337/dc09-1939 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 656SL UT WOS:000282356800050 PM 20587727 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Kahn, HS Mokdad, AH AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Kahn, Henry S. Mokdad, Ali H. TI Waist-to-thigh ratio and diabetes among US adults: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Diabetes; Anthropometric; Waist circumference; Thigh circumference; Hip circumference; Body mass index ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; SUBCUTANEOUS ABDOMINAL FAT; BODY-MASS INDEX; ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; PIMA-INDIANS; CIRCUMFERENCE; DISEASE; OBESITY AB Aims: We sought to examine whether waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR) performed better than waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist circumference (WC), or body mass index (BMI) in relation to diabetes among US adults. Methods: Data of 6277 men and nonpregnant women 20 years or older from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) were analyzed. Results: In men, AUC of WTR (0.83) was larger than that of WHtR (0.78) (P = 0.003), WHpR (0.79) (P < 0.001), WC (0.76) (P < 0.001), and BMI (0.72) (P < 0.001) for diabetes. In women, the AUC of WTR (0.80) was similar to that of WHtR (0.80) (P = 0.89), WHpR (0.79) (P = 0.55), and WC (0.78) (P = 0.36), but larger than that of BMI (0.73) (P = 0.03) for diabetes. After adjustment for potential confounders, WTR had the strongest association with diabetes in men (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.57-2.88; per 1 SD increment), whereas WHpR had the strongest association with diabetes in women (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.60-2.35). Conclusions: WTR performed better than other four indices in men and WTR performed similarly to WHtR, WHpR, and waist circumference, but better than BMI in women for the association with diabetes. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kahn, Henry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 NR 41 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 89 IS 1 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.02.014 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 626GI UT WOS:000279953900012 PM 20227781 ER PT J AU Williams-Piehota, P Uhrig, J Doto, JK Anderson, W Williams, P Thierry, JM AF Williams-Piehota, Pamela Uhrig, Jennifer Doto, Julia Kish Anderson, Wayne Williams, Peyton Thierry, JoAnn M. TI An evaluation of health communication materials for individuals with disabilities developed by three state disability and health programs SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Disability; Health communication; Evaluation ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PREVALENCE AB Background: Health communication increasingly has been recognized as an important part of public health practice that can help raise awareness of potential health risks, influence attitudes and beliefs, and motivate individuals to change unhealthy behaviors. Yet, few health communication messages exist that target people with disabilities. An evaluation was conducted to assess the relevance and usefulness of health communication materials developed by or disseminated in, or both, three state disability and health programs. Methods: Health care providers and people with a variety of physical and sensory disabilities participated in the evaluation. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected in each of the three states using key informant interviews, focus groups, and a Web-based provider survey. Results: State program staff reported that health communication strategies and messages should be developed to improve access and remove barriers to health care, provide access to facilities, empower consumers, and educate health care providers about the needs of people with disabilities. Several of these needs are consistent with the needs identified by consumers in the focus groups. Consumers indicated that improvements to the overall content and design of the state-developed health communication materials are needed, yet health care and human service providers who participated in the Web-based survey were generally satisfied with the materials. Nearly all providers reported being aware of the materials; however, consumers were not familiar with the state-developed materials reviewed by the focus groups. Conclusions: Improvements in the content and dissemination of health promotion materials designed by states are indicated. Implications for public health practice, including recommendations for improving future health communication materials, are addressed in this article. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Thierry, JoAnn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williams-Piehota, Pamela; Uhrig, Jennifer; Doto, Julia Kish; Anderson, Wayne; Williams, Peyton] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Thierry, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxt4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00123] FX The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preparation of this manuscript was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through contract 200-2001-00123 to RTI International. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 3 IS 3 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2009.08.002 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 668QP UT WOS:000283285000002 PM 21122779 ER PT J AU Jonas, BS Loeb, M AF Jonas, Bruce S. Loeb, Mitchell TI Mood disorders and physical functioning difficulties as predictors of complex activity limitations in young US adults SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Mood disorders; Physical functioning; Basic actions difficulty; Complex activity limitations; NHANES III ID POPULATION; DISABILITY; DEPRESSION; HEALTH; IMPACT AB Background: There is established research that shows associations between basic physical functional difficulties and complex activity limitations. In addition, there is some research that shows associations between mood disorders and complex activity limitations. However, there is limited research looking at the joint association between mood disorders and physical functioning and complex activity limitations. Furthermore, because mood disorders and physical functioning limitations increase with age, there is a lack of information available on younger adults. Objectives: We assess the impact of mood disorders and physical function difficulties as predictors of complex activity limitations in young U.S.. adults, using data from a national survey. Methods: We use data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) among young U.S. adults 17 to 39 years of age. Selected basic actions difficulties include physical functioning difficulties (motor, visual, or hearing difficulties) and mood disorders (major depressive disorder, dysthymia, or bipolar disorder). Selected complex activity limitations include limitations in activities of daily (ADLs) (walking inside the home, standing from a chair, getting into and out of bed, eating, and dressing), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (doing chores around the house, preparing meals, and managing money), and/or specific major life activities (limitations in the kind or amount of work or housework they could perform, or being limited in any way because of an impairment or health problem). Results: The prevalence of basic actions difficulty (physical functioning and/or mood disorder difficulties) among young adults is 34%. Among the young adults with basic actions difficulty, nearly 39% have mood disorders. The prevalence rates for ADL/IADL, major life activities, and any complex activity limitation are 8.6%, 8.1%, and 13.6%, respectively. Compared with young adults with no basic actions difficulties, the results showed that young adults with mood disorders alone had elevated adjusted odds ratios (2.5) for limitations in ADLs and/IADLs. For all the complex activity limitations analyzed, compared to those with no basic actions difficulties, young adults with physical functioning difficulties alone had substantially higher adjusted odds ratios (5.4-8.7) and young adults with comorbid mood disorder and physical functioning difficulties had the highest observed odds ratios (9.7-14.0). Conclusions: The data suggest a stronger risk of complex activity limitations when mood disorders coexist with physical functioning difficulties, leading to potential interference with a person's ability to accomplish the ADLs/IADLs or major life activities measured in this study. Given the magnitude of basic actions difficulty prevalence, and particularly the substantial contribution of mood disorders to this prevalence, further examination of the mental health component of basic actions difficulty is warranted. A possible area for future research could explore coordinated efforts to reduce physical and mental difficulties and facilitate the accomplishment of complex activities. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jonas, Bruce S.; Loeb, Mitchell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Jonas, BS (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd, Toledo, OH USA. EM BJONAS@CDC.GOV NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 3 IS 3 BP 171 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2009.11.001 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 668QP UT WOS:000283285000005 PM 21122782 ER PT J AU Rice, C Nicholas, J Baio, J Pettygrove, S Lee, LC Braun, KV Doernberg, N Cunniff, C Newschaffer, C Meaney, FJ Charles, J Washington, A King, L Kolotos, M Mancilla, K Mervis, CA Carpenter, L Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Rice, Catherine Nicholas, Joyce Baio, Jon Pettygrove, Sydney Lee, Li-Ching Braun, Kim Van Naarden Doernberg, Nancy Cunniff, Chris Newschaffer, Craig Meaney, F. John Charles, Jane Washington, Anita King, Lydia Kolotos, Maria Mancilla, Kristen Mervis, Cynthia A. Carpenter, Laura Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Changes in autism spectrum disorder prevalence in 4 areas of the United States SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Autism; Autism spectrum Disorders; Pervasive developmental disorders; Prevalence; Epidemiology ID TOTAL POPULATION; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; TIME TRENDS; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIC; SURVEILLANCE; DIAGNOSIS; EDUCATION; COHORT; AGE AB Background: We sought to describe autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population characteristics and changes in identified prevalence across 3 time periods. Methods: Children with a potential ASD were identified through records abstraction at multiple sources with clinician review based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. Multisite, population-based data from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network were analyzed from areas of Arizona (AZ), Georgia (GA), Maryland (MD), and South Carolina (SC). Participants were 8-year-old children (born in 1992, 1994, or 1996) in 2000, 2002, or 2004 (and children born in 1988 residing in metropolitan Atlanta in 1996) who had been evaluated for a variety of developmental concerns at education and/or health sources. Results: From 2000 to 2004, the identified prevalence of the ASDs per 1,000 8-year-old children showed significant increases of 38% in GA and 72% in MD and a nonsignificant increase of 26% in AZ. ASD prevalence was relatively stable in SC with a nonsignificant decrease of 17%. Males had a higher identified prevalence of ASD in all years. Increases among racial, ethnic, and cognitive functioning subgroups varied by site and surveillance year. More children were classified with an ASD by community professionals over time, except in AZ. Conclusions: There was a trend toward increase in identified ASD prevalence among 8-year-old children who met the surveillance case definition in 3 of the 4 study sites from 2000 to 2004. Some of the observed increases are due to improved ascertainment; however, a true increase in ASD symptoms cannot be ruled out. These data confirm that the prevalence of ASDs is undergoing significant change in some areas of the United States and that ASDs continue to be of urgent public health concern. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rice, Catherine; Baio, Jon; Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Doernberg, Nancy; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nicholas, Joyce; Charles, Jane; King, Lydia; Carpenter, Laura] Med Univ S Carolina, Coll Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. [Pettygrove, Sydney] Univ Arizona, Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Cunniff, Chris; Meaney, F. John] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Lee, Li-Ching; Kolotos, Maria] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Newschaffer, Craig] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. [Washington, Anita] Res Triangle Inst Int, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mervis, Cynthia A.] Univ So Maine, Dept Appl Med Sci, Portland, ME 04104 USA. RP Rice, C (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E86, Atlanta, GA USA. EM crice@cdc.gov RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Dr. Rice conducts a limited number of training sessions to professionals on the diagnosis of the autism spectrum disorders as an approved outside activity separate from employment with the Federal government. The other authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors acknowledge the collaborative work of the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network dedicated project staff who contributed to the data collection for this manuscript. The participation and support from the many educational and clinical programs and data sources have been invaluable. Catherine Lord, Ph.D. (University of Michigan), Gail McGee, Ph.D., and Michael Morrier, Ph.D. (Emory University) provided expertise related to the case definition. Diana Schendel, Coleen Boyle, Esther Sumartojo, Ed Trevathan, and Carole Craft reviewed the manuscript and gave editorial assistance. Sydney Pettygrove, Catherine Rice, Jon Baio, Li-Ching Lee, and Joyce Nicholas had full access to all of the data in their study site and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. These projects were funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. For additional information on these projects, see http://www. cdc.gov/autism. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 3 IS 3 BP 186 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2009.10.008 PG 16 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 668QP UT WOS:000283285000007 PM 21122784 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Baio, J Rice, CE Durkin, M Kirby, RS Drews-Botsch, C Miller, LA Nicholas, JS Cunniff, CM AF Schieve, Laura A. Baio, Jon Rice, Catherine E. Durkin, Maureen Kirby, Russell S. Drews-Botsch, Carolyn Miller, Lisa A. Nicholas, Joyce S. Cunniff, Christopher M. TI Risk for cognitive deficit in a population-based sample of US children with autism spectrum disorders: Variation by perinatal health factors SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Autistic disorder; Intellectual disability; Preterm birth; Infant; Small for gestational age ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; FOLLOW-UP; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; INFANTILE-AUTISM; AGE; CHILDHOOD; COHORT; IQ AB Background: From 30% to 60% of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an IQ measure that falls in the intellectual disability (ID) range. It is not well studied whether, for children within this ASD subgroup, there is variation in the risk for low IQ based on a child's perinatal risk factors. Objective/Hypotheses: We assessed whether preterm delivery and term small-for-gestational-age (tSGA) were associated with various measures of cognitive deficit among children with ASDs. Methods: A sample of 1129 singleton children born in 1994 and identified through school and health record review as having an ASD by age 8 years were selected from a U.S. population-based surveillance network. Mean IQ and dichotomous IQ outcomes indicating various levels of ID were examined according to whether a child was preterm (<37 weeks' gestation) or tSGA (term delivery and birth weight <10th percentile for gestational age of a U.S. referent). Results for the total sample and within race-ethnicity/maternal education strata were adjusted for child sex and ASD subtype classification. Results: Mean IQ was significantly (p < .05) lower in children delivered preterm (69.5) than term (74.5) and tSGA (69.3) than term appropriate-for gestational age (75.3). In stratified analyses, the preterm-IQ association was significant only among non-Hispanic white (NHW) children with maternal education at birth of high school or less; adjusted mean IQ was 8 points lower among those delivered preterm (65.4) than term (73.8). Term-SGA was associated with a significant 8-point deficit in adjusted mean IQ (75.5 vs. 83.8) in NHW children with maternal education greater than high school and a 6-point deficit that approached significance (68.4 vs. 74.5, p = 0.10) in NHW children with maternal education of high school or less. Non-Hispanic black children in both maternal education groups had significantly lower mean IQs than NHW children with little variation by preterm or tSGA. Conclusions: In children with ASDs, the risk for concurrent ID or IQ deficit is associated with both preterm delivery and tSGA; these associations may vary by race-ethnicity and SES. Further studies of ASD-ID co-occurrence and the effectiveness of intervention strategies should consider both perinatal and sociodemographic factors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Baio, Jon; Rice, Catherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Durkin, Maureen] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Drews-Botsch, Carolyn] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Miller, Lisa A.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO 80246 USA. [Nicholas, Joyce S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Cunniff, Christopher M.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA. EM LSchieve@cdc.gov RI Durkin, Maureen/B-7834-2015; Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 3 IS 3 BP 202 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2009.12.001 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 668QP UT WOS:000283285000008 PM 21122785 ER PT J AU Andrews, RN Seliskar, CJ Heineman, WR AF Andrews, Ronnee N. Seliskar, Carl J. Heineman, William R. TI Electrochemical and Optical Behavior of 8-Hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic Acid at Optically Transparent Electrodes SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE 8-Hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid; HPTS; Cyclic voltammetry; Optically transparent electrodes; Absorbance; Sensors ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; STATE PROTON-TRANSFER; SINGLE DEVICE; EXCITED-STATE; URINARY 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PH-JUMP; SELECTIVITY; PYRANINE; PYRENE AB The objective of this work is to elucidate the electrochemical and corresponding optical properties of 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS), using optically transparent electrodes, thereby deducing its usefulness as a model compound for spectroelectrochemical sensor development. Three pH levels were tested to determine optimal solution conditions for optical signal modulation. The electrolysis of HPTS follows an ECE mechanism, presumably resulting in the formation of a dihydroxy/dione derivative, and modulates the optical response at 405 and 460 nm wavelengths for pH 5 solutions. HPTS is a good candidate for spectroelectrochemical sensor research. C1 [Andrews, Ronnee N.; Seliskar, Carl J.; Heineman, William R.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Andrews, Ronnee N.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Heineman, WR (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, 301 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM william.heineman@uc.edu FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER64353] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER64353. The authors also thank Dr. Nebojsa Pantelic for his work on the measurement of sputter-coated Au film thicknesses. RNA thanks the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Long-Term Training Program for the opportunity to work on this project. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD JUL PY 2010 VL 22 IS 14 BP 1557 EP 1565 DI 10.1002/elan.200900588 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 635AQ UT WOS:000280628400002 ER PT J AU Wongsrichanalai, C Varma, JK Juliano, JJ Kimerling, ME MacArthur, JR AF Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda Varma, Jay K. Juliano, Jonathan J. Kimerling, Michael E. MacArthur, John R. TI Extensive Drug Resistance in Malaria and Tuberculosis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; CAMBODIA; EFFICACY; THERAPY AB Medscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing medical education (CME) for this journal article, allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit. This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Medscape. LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Medscape, LLC designates this educational activity for a maximum of 0.5 AMA PRA Category I Credits (TM). Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test and/or complete the evaluation at http://cme.medscape.com/viewpublication/30063; (4) view/print certificate. C1 [Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda] USAID, Off Publ Hlth, RDMA, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Varma, Jay K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Varma, Jay K.; MacArthur, John R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Juliano, Jonathan J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kimerling, Michael E.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wongsrichanalai, C (reprint author), USAID, Off Publ Hlth, RDMA, Athenee Tower,25th Floor,63 Wireless Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM cwongsrichanalai@usaid.gov NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1063 EP 1067 DI 10.3201/eid1607.091840 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 620TG UT WOS:000279522200002 PM 20587175 ER PT J AU Albarino, CG Palacios, G Khristova, ML Erickson, BR Carroll, SA Comer, JA Hui, J Briese, T St George, K Ksiazek, TG Lipkin, WI Nichol, ST AF Albarino, Cesar G. Palacios, Gustavo Khristova, Marina L. Erickson, Bobbie R. Carroll, Serena A. Comer, James A. Hui, Jeffrey Briese, Thomas St George, Kirsten Ksiazek, Thomas G. Lipkin, W. Ian Nichol, Stuart T. TI High Diversity and Ancient Common Ancestry of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ORGAN-TRANSPLANTATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; LASSA-VIRUS; ARENAVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; MITOCHONDRIAL; GLYCOPROTEIN; EVOLUTION; INFECTION AB Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is the prototype of the family Arenaviridae. LCMV can be associated with severe disease in humans, and its global distribution reflects the broad dispersion of the primary rodent reservoir, the house mouse (Mus musculus). Recent interest in the natural history of the virus has been stimulated by increasing recognition of LCMV infections during pregnancy, and in clusters of LCMV-associated fatal illness among tissue transplant recipients. Despite its public health importance, little is known regarding the genetic diversity or distribution of virus variants. Genomic analysis of 29 LCMV strains collected from a variety of geographic and temporal sources showed these viruses to be highly diverse. Several distinct lineages exist, but there is little correlation with time or place of isolation. Bayesian analysis estimates the most recent common ancestor to be 1,000-5,000 years old, and this long history is consistent with complex phylogeographic relationships of the extant virus isolates. C1 [Albarino, Cesar G.; Khristova, Marina L.; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Carroll, Serena A.; Comer, James A.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palacios, Gustavo; Hui, Jeffrey; Briese, Thomas; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [St George, Kirsten] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. RP Albarino, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM calbarino@cdc.gov RI Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015 OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938 FU National Institutes of Health [A1051292, A157158, A130027]; Department of Defense; Google.org. FX Research at Columbia University was supported by National Institutes of Health awards A1051292, A157158 (Northeast Bio-defense Center-Lipkin), and A130027; the Department of Defense; and Google.org. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1093 EP 1100 DI 10.3201/eid1607.091902 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 620TG UT WOS:000279522200007 PM 20587180 ER PT J AU Kandeel, A Manoncourt, S Abd el Kareem, E Ahmed, ANM El-Refaie, S Essmat, H Tjaden, J de Mattos, CC Earhart, KC Marfin, AA El-Sayed, N AF Kandeel, Amr Manoncourt, Serge Abd el Kareem, Eman Ahmed, Abdel-Nasser Mohamed El-Refaie, Samir Essmat, Hala Tjaden, Jeffrey de Mattos, Cecilia C. Earhart, Kenneth C. Marfin, Anthony A. El-Sayed, Nasr TI Zoonotic Transmission of Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1), Egypt, 2006-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; A H5N1; LOW-FREQUENCY; INFECTION AB During March 2006-March 2009, a total of 6,355 suspected cases of avian influenza (H5N1) were reported to the Ministry of Health in Egypt. Sixty-three (1%) patients had confirmed infections; 24 (38%) died. Risk factors for death included female sex, age >= 15 years, and receiving the first dose of oseltamivir >2 days after illness onset. All but 2 case-patients reported exposure to domestic poultry probably infected with avian influenza virus (H5N1). No cases of human-to-human transmission were found. Greatest risks for infection and death were reported among women >= 15 years of age, who accounted for 38% of infections and 83% of deaths. The lower case-fatality rate in Egypt could be caused by a less virulent virus clade. However, the lower mortality rate seems to be caused by the large number of infected children who were identified early, received prompt treatment, and had less severe clinical disease. C1 [Manoncourt, Serge; Essmat, Hala; Tjaden, Jeffrey; de Mattos, Cecilia C.; Earhart, Kenneth C.; Marfin, Anthony A.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Kandeel, Amr; Abd el Kareem, Eman; Ahmed, Abdel-Nasser Mohamed; El-Refaie, Samir; Essmat, Hala; El-Sayed, Nasr] Minist Hlth Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. [Marfin, Anthony A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Earhart, KC (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. EM kenneth.earhart@gmail.com RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Work Unit [847705.82.000.25.GB.E0018] FX This study was supported by Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Work Unit No. 847705.82.000.25.GB.E0018. NR 15 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1101 EP 1107 DI 10.3201/eid1607.091695 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 620TG UT WOS:000279522200008 PM 20587181 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI There Is Always Something New Out of Africa SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1189 EP 1190 DI 10.3201/eid1607.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 620TG UT WOS:000279522200037 PM 20587210 ER PT J AU Vinikoor, LC Larson, TC Bateson, TF Birnbaum, L AF Vinikoor, Lisa C. Larson, Theodore C. Bateson, Thomas F. Birnbaum, Linda TI Exposure to Asbestos-Containing Vermiculite Ore and Respiratory Symptoms among Individuals Who Were Children While the Mine Was Active in Libby, Montana SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE asbestos; children; Libby; Montana; respiratory symptoms; spirometry; vermiculite ore ID AIR-POLLUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA; TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE; MORTALITY; CHILDHOOD; MORBIDITY; ABNORMALITIES; POPULATION; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Libby, Montana, was home to the largest vermiculite ore mine in the United States. The processing, use, and transport of the ore, which was contaminated with amphibole asbestos, led to generalized contamination of the community. The mine closed in 1990. OBJECTIVES: We examined the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in 2000-2001 and their association with history of vermiculite exposure among people who were <= 18 years of age when the mine closed. METHODS: Information on respiratory symptoms and exposure history was collected by questionnaire in 2000-2001, at which time participants were 10-29 years old. Logistic regression was used to model the associations between exposures and outcomes adjusted for age, sex, and tobacco smoke exposure. RESULTS: Of the 1,003 individuals included in the study, 10.8% reported usually having a cough, 14.5% reported experiencing shortness of breath when walking up a slight hill or hurrying on level ground, and 5.9% reported having coughed up bloody phlegm in the past year. These respiratory symptoms were positively associated with frequently handling vermiculite insulation compared with never handling vermiculite insulation. We found no association between vermiculite insulation in the house and respiratory symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were associated with other vermiculite exposures as well, and the number and frequency of these activities showed a positive trend with usually having a cough. We found no association between any of the activities and abnormal spirometry. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that residents of Libby, Montana, who were children when the mine closed experienced some respiratory symptoms associated with asbestos-contaminated vermiculite exposure. C1 [Vinikoor, Lisa C.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Larson, Theodore C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bateson, Thomas F.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Vinikoor, LC (reprint author), US EPA, MD B243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM vinikoor.lisa@epa.gov NR 30 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 17 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 118 IS 7 BP 1033 EP 1038 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901680 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 619MX UT WOS:000279435400037 PM 20332072 ER PT J AU Wolff, MS Teitelbaum, SL Pinney, SM Windham, G Liao, L Biro, F Kushi, LH Erdmann, C Hiatt, RA Rybak, ME Calafat, AM AF Wolff, Mary S. Teitelbaum, Susan L. Pinney, Susan M. Windham, Gayle Liao, Laura Biro, Frank Kushi, Lawrence H. Erdmann, Chris Hiatt, Robert A. Rybak, Michael E. Calafat, Antonia M. CA Breast Canc Ctr Environm Res Ctr TI Investigation of Relationships between Urinary Biomarkers of Phytoestrogens, Phthalates, and Phenols and Pubertal Stages in Girls SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biomarkers; phenols; phthalates; phytoestrogens; puberty ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEXUAL-MATURATION; BREAST-CANCER; HPLC-MS/MS; EXPOSURE; METABOLITES; CREATININE; GRAVITY AB BACKGROUND: Hormonally active environmental agents may alter the course of pubertal development in girls, which is controlled by steroids and gonadotropins. OBJECTIVES: We investigated associations of concurrent exposures from three chemical classes (phenols, phthalates, and phytoestrogens) with pubertal stages in a multiethnic longitudinal study of 1,151 girls from New York City, New York, greater Cincinnati, Ohio, and northern California who were 6-8 years of age at enrollment (2004-2007). METHODS: We measured urinary exposure biomarkers at visit 1 and examined associations with breast and pubic hair development (present or absent, assessed 1 year later) using multivariate adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Modification of biomarker associations by age-specific body mass index percentile (BMI%) was investigated, because adipose tissue is a source of peripubertal hormones. RESULTS: Breast development was present in 30% of girls, and 22% had pubic hair. High-molecular-weight phthalate (high MWP) metabolites were weakly associated with pubic hair development [adjusted PR, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.88-1.00), fifth vs. first quintile]. Small inverse associations were seen for daidzein with breast stage and for triclosan and high MWP with pubic hair stage; a positive trend was observed for low-molecular-weight phthalate biomarkers with breast and pubic hair development. Enterolactone attenuated BMI associations with breast development. In the first enterolactone quintile, for the association of high BMI with any development, the PR was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.23-1.45 vs. low BMI). There was no BMI association in the fifth, highest quintile of enterolactone. CONCLUSIONS: Weak hormonally active xenobiotic agents investigated in this study had small associations with pubertal development, mainly among those agents detected at highest concentrations. C1 [Wolff, Mary S.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Liao, Laura] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Windham, Gayle] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Biro, Frank] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Kaiser Permanente Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Erdmann, Chris] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hiatt, Robert A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Rybak, Michael E.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wolff, MS (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mary.wolff@mssm.edu RI Loureiro, Nuno/I-6400-2012; Rybak, Michael/T-1026-2016; OI Loureiro, Nuno/0000-0002-1166-3219; Rybak, Michael/0000-0003-1650-8581; Kushi, Lawrence/0000-0001-9136-1175 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [ES/CA012770, 012771, 012800, 012801, ES009584, ES012645]; National Cancer Institute (NCI) [CA93447]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R827039, RD831711]; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [ATU 300014]; National Center for Research Resources [MO1-RR-00071, UL1-RR024131] FX Financial support was provided by grants ES/CA012770, 012771, 012800, 012801 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI); NIEHS (ES009584, ES012645); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R827039, RD831711); Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATU 300014); NCI (CA93447); and National Center for Research Resources (MO1-RR-00071, UL1-RR024131). NR 31 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 27 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 118 IS 7 BP 1039 EP 1046 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901690 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 619MX UT WOS:000279435400038 PM 20308033 ER PT J AU Yoder, JS Eddy, BA Visvesvara, GS Capewell, L Beach, MJ AF Yoder, J. S. Eddy, B. A. Visvesvara, G. S. Capewell, L. Beach, M. J. TI The epidemiology of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in the USA, 1962-2008 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Infectious disease epidemiology; parasitic disease epidemiology and control; water-borne infections ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; PATHOGENIC NAEGLERIA; NESTED PCR; WATER; IDENTIFICATION; VIRGINIA AB Naegleria fowleri, a free-living, thermophilic amoeba ubiquitous in the environment, causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but nearly always fatal disease of the central nervous system. While case reports of PAM have been documented worldwide, very few individuals have been diagnosed with PAM despite the vast number of people who have contact with fresh water where N. fowkri may be present. In the USA, 111 PAM case-patients have been prospectively diagnosed, reported, and verified by state health officials since 1962. Consistent with the literature, case reports reveal that N. fowleri infections occur primarily in previously healthy young males exposed to warm recreational waters, especially lakes and ponds, in warm-weather locations during summer months. The annual number of PAM case reports varied, but does not appear to be increasing over time. Because PAM is a rare disease, it is challenging to understand the environmental and host-specific factors associated with infection in order to develop science-based, risk reduction messages for swimmers. C1 [Yoder, J. S.; Eddy, B. A.; Visvesvara, G. S.; Capewell, L.; Beach, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eddy, B. A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Yoder, JS (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jey9@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 22 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 138 IS 7 BP 968 EP 975 DI 10.1017/S0950268809991014 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 614RX UT WOS:000279078500007 PM 19845995 ER PT J AU Laney, AS Petsonk, EL Wolfe, AL Attfield, MD AF Laney, A. S. Petsonk, E. L. Wolfe, A. L. Attfield, M. D. TI Comparison of storage phosphor computed radiography with conventional film-screen radiography in the recognition of pneumoconiosis SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Imaging; pneumoconiosis ID DIGITAL CHEST RADIOGRAPHY; IMAGE QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; COAL-MINERS; DETECTOR; CLASSIFICATION; KAPPA AB Traditional film-screen radiography (FSR) has been useful in the recognition and evaluation of interstitial lung diseases, but is becoming increasingly obsolete. To evaluate the applicability of storage phosphor digital computed radiography (CR) images in the recognition of small lung opacities, we compared image quality and the profusion of small opacities between FSR and CR radiographs. We screened 1,388 working coal miners during the course of the study with FSR and CR images obtained on the same day from all participants. Each traditional chest film was independently interpreted by two of eight experienced readers using the International Labour Office (ILO) classification of radiographs of pneumoconiosis, as were CR images displayed on medical-grade computer monitors. The prevalence of small opacities (ILO category 1/0 or greater) did not differ between the two imaging modalities (5.2% for FSR and 4.8% for soft copy CR; p. 0.50). Inter-reader agreement was also similar between FSR and CR. Significant differences between image modalities were observed in the shape of small opacities, and in the proportion of miners demonstrating high opacity profusion (category 2/1 and above). Our results indicate that, with appropriate attention to image acquisition and soft copy display, CR digital radiography can be equivalent to FSR in the identification of small interstitial lung opacities. C1 [Laney, A. S.; Petsonk, E. L.; Wolfe, A. L.; Attfield, M. D.] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Laney, AS (reprint author), Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM alaney@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 36 IS 1 BP 122 EP 127 DI 10.1183/09031936.00127609 PG 6 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 618YY UT WOS:000279394100020 PM 19926739 ER PT J AU Haley, CC Ong, KL Hedberg, K Cieslak, PR Scallan, E Marcus, R Shin, S Cronquist, A Gillespie, J Jones, TF Shiferaw, B Fuller, C Edge, K Zansky, SM Ryan, PA Hoekstra, RM Mintz, E AF Haley, Clinton C. Ong, Kanyin L. Hedberg, Katrina Cieslak, Paul R. Scallan, Elaine Marcus, Ruthanne Shin, Sanghyuk Cronquist, Alicia Gillespie, Jennifer Jones, Timothy F. Shiferaw, Beletshachew Fuller, Candace Edge, Karen Zansky, Shelley M. Ryan, Patricia A. Hoekstra, Robert M. Mintz, Eric TI Risk Factors for Sporadic Shigellosis, FoodNet 2005 SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; SONNEI; FLEXNERI; INFECTIONS; TRENDS; TRANSMISSION; ENGLAND; ILLNESS AB Background: An estimated 450,000 cases of shigellosis occur annually in the United States. Outbreaks have been associated with food, water, child daycare centers, and men who have sex with men. However, for sporadic infections, which account for the majority of cases, risk exposures are poorly characterized. Methods: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts active, laboratory-based shigellosis surveillance in 10 US sites. We interviewed cases with illness onset during 2005 about exposures during the week before symptom onset using a standardized questionnaire. The proportion of patients who denied nonfood risks was used to estimate the burden attributable to foodborne transmission. Results: Overall, 1494 cases were identified. The approximate incidence was 3.9/100,000, with the highest rates among children aged 1-4 years (16.4) and Hispanics (8.4). Of the 929 cases interviewed, 223 (24%) reported international travel in the week before symptom onset. Of the 626 nontraveling cases with complete risk factor information, 298 (48%) reported exposure to daycare or a household member with diarrhea; 99 (16%) reported drinking untreated water or recreational exposure to water; and 16 (3%) reported sexual contact with a person with diarrhea. Two hundred and fifty-nine (41%) denied all nonfood exposures examined. Conclusions: Sporadic shigellosis is most common among young children and Hispanics. Common exposures include international travel and contact with ill persons or daycare. However, more than one-third of US shigellosis cases annually might be due to food consumed in the United States. C1 [Haley, Clinton C.; Hedberg, Katrina; Cieslak, Paul R.; Shiferaw, Beletshachew] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Haley, Clinton C.] Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Director, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ong, Kanyin L.; Scallan, Elaine; Hoekstra, Robert M.; Mintz, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ong, Kanyin L.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, ASPH Publ Hlth, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Marcus, Ruthanne] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Shin, Sanghyuk] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Cronquist, Alicia] Colorado Emerging Infect Program, Denver, CO USA. [Gillespie, Jennifer] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Fuller, Candace] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Edge, Karen] New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Ryan, Patricia A.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Cieslak, PR (reprint author), Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Suite 772,800 NE Oregon St, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM paul.r.cieslak@state.or.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases; US Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service; US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; FoodNet Attributions WG FX We thank the FoodNet Attributions WG for their support and guidance. This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases; US Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Inspection Service; and US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 7 BP 741 EP 747 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0448 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 619TH UT WOS:000279452700001 PM 20113209 ER PT J AU Gutelius, B Perz, JF Parker, MM Hallack, R Stricof, R Clement, EJ Lin, YL Xia, GL Punsalang, A Eramo, A Layton, M Balter, S AF Gutelius, Bruce Perz, Joseph F. Parker, Monica M. Hallack, Renee Stricof, Rachel Clement, Ernest J. Lin, Yulin Xia, Guo-Liang Punsalang, Amado Eramo, Antonella Layton, Marci Balter, Sharon TI Multiple Clusters of Hepatitis Virus Infections Associated With Anesthesia for Outpatient Endoscopy Procedures SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis; Outbreak; Infection Control ID TO-PATIENT TRANSMISSION; C VIRUS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; OUTBREAK; VIALS; HCV AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be transmitted during administration of intravenous anesthesia when medication vials are used for multiple patients using incorrect technique. We investigated an outbreak of acute HBV and HCV infections among patients who received anesthesia during endoscopy procedures from the same anesthesiologist (anesthesiologist 1), in 2 different gastroenterology clinics. METHODS: Chart reviews, patient interviews, clinic site visits and infection control assessments, and molecular sequencing of patient isolates were performed. Patients treated by anesthesiologist 1 on specific procedure days were offered testing for blood-borne pathogens. Endoscopy and anesthesia procedures were reviewed; HCV quasispecies analysis was performed. RESULTS: Six cases of outbreak-associated HCV infection and 6 cases of outbreak-associated HBV infection were identified in clinic 1. One outbreak-associated HCV infection was identified in clinic 2. HCV quasispecies sequences from the patients were nearly identical (96.9% 100%) to those from source patients with chronic viral hepatitis. All affected patients in both clinics received propofol from anesthesiologist 1, who inappropriately used a single-patient-use vial of propofol for multiple patients. Reuse of syringes to redose patients, with resulting contamination of medication vials used for subsequent patients, likely resulted in viral transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Twelve persons acquired HBV and HCV infections (6 hepatitis C, 5 hepatitis B, and 1 coinfection) in 2 separate offices as a result of receiving anesthesia from anesthesiologist 1. Gastroenterologists are urged to review carefully the injection, medication handling, and other infection control practices of all staff under their supervision, including providers of anesthesia services. C1 [Gutelius, Bruce; Punsalang, Amado; Eramo, Antonella; Layton, Marci; Balter, Sharon] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parker, Monica M.; Hallack, Renee] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Albany, NY USA. [Stricof, Rachel; Clement, Ernest J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Healthcare Associated Infect, Albany, NY USA. [Lin, Yulin; Xia, Guo-Liang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Balter, S (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,CN 22A, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM sbalter@health.nyc.gov FU New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U50/CC1223667] FX Primary support for this investigation was provided by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, additional support was provided by the Emerging Infections Program Cooperative Agreement number 5U50/CC1223667 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and staff were funded by their primary institutions. NR 28 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUL PY 2010 VL 139 IS 1 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.03.053 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 617ZQ UT WOS:000279321000027 PM 20353790 ER PT J AU Allen, A Epstein, MP Satten, GA AF Allen, Andrew Epstein, Michael P. Satten, Glen A. TI Score-based Adjustment for Confounding by Population Stratification in Genetic Association Studies SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PROPENSITY SCORES C1 [Allen, Andrew] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Epstein, Michael P.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Allen, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG003618-04, R01 HG003618, R01 HG003618-01A2, HG003618]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH084680, R01 MH084680-02] NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 34 IS 5 BP 383 EP 385 DI 10.1002/gepi.20487 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 631LW UT WOS:000280349600001 PM 20127852 ER PT J AU Diuk-Wasser, MA Vourc'h, G Cislo, P Hoen, AG Melton, F Hamer, SA Rowland, M Cortinas, R Hickling, GJ Tsao, JI Barbour, AG Kitron, U Piesman, J Fish, D AF Diuk-Wasser, Maria A. Vourc'h, Gwenael Cislo, Paul Hoen, Anne Gatewood Melton, Forrest Hamer, Sarah A. Rowland, Michelle Cortinas, Roberto Hickling, Graham J. Tsao, Jean I. Barbour, Alan G. Kitron, Uriel Piesman, Joseph Fish, Durland TI Field and climate-based model for predicting the density of host-seeking nymphal Ixodes scapularis, an important vector of tick-borne disease agents in the eastern United States SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Borrelia burgdorferi; climate; Ixodes scapularis; Lyme disease; remote sensing; tick-borne; USA ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; LYME-DISEASE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; ENDEMIC AREA; ALTITUDINAL GRADIENT; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT SUITABILITY; AVHRR DATA; ACARI; IXODIDAE AB Aim Ixodes scapularis is the most important vector of human tick-borne pathogens in the United States, which include the agents of Lyme disease, human babesiosis and human anaplasmosis, among others. The density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs is an important component of human risk for acquiring Borrelia burgdorferi, the aetiological agent of Lyme disease. In this study we used climate and field sampling data to generate a predictive map of the density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs that can be used by the public, physicians and public health agencies to assist with the diagnosis and reporting of disease, and to better target disease prevention and control efforts. Location Eastern United States of America. Methods We sampled host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs in 304 locations uniformly distributed east of the 100th meridian between 2004 and 2006. Between May and September, 1000 m2 were drag sampled three to six times per site. We developed a zero-inflated negative binomial model to predict the density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs based on altitude, interpolated weather station and remotely sensed data. Results Variables that had the strongest relationship with nymphal density were altitude, monthly mean vapour pressure deficit and spatial autocorrelation. Forest fragmentation and soil texture were not predictive. The best-fit model identified two main foci - the north-east and upper Midwest - and predicted the presence and absence of I. scapularis nymphs with 82% accuracy, with 89% sensitivity and 82% specificity. Areas of concordance and discordance with previous studies were discussed. Areas with high predicted but low observed densities of host-seeking nymphs were identified as potential expansion fronts. Main conclusions This model is unique in its extensive and unbiased field sampling effort, allowing for an accurate delineation of the density of host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs, an important component of human risk of infection for B. burgdorferi and other I. scapularis-borne pathogens. C1 [Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.; Cislo, Paul; Hoen, Anne Gatewood; Fish, Durland] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Vourc'h, Gwenael] INRA, Anim Epidemiol UR346, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. [Melton, Forrest] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Div Sci & Environm Policy, Seaside, CA 93955 USA. [Hamer, Sarah A.; Tsao, Jean I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rowland, Michelle] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. [Cortinas, Roberto] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Hickling, Graham J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Coll Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tsao, Jean I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Vet Med Ctr D202, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barbour, Alan G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Kitron, Uriel] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Diuk-Wasser, MA (reprint author), 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM maria.diuk@yale.edu FU CDC-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases [CI00171-01] FX We gratefully acknowledge the 80 field assistants who made this project possible. Special thanks to Tim Andreadis, Katherine Hansen, Laura Krueger, Jessica Payne, Elizabeth Racz, Kelly Liebman, Liza Lutzker and David Boozer for tick identification and logistic support; Carlos Diuk for database support; Brad Lobitz and Andrew Michaelis for technical assistance; and Dennis Grove, Lindsay Rollend and Russell Barbour for arranging collection permits. We also acknowledge Corrine Folsom-O'Keefe for manuscript editing, Robert Brinkerhoff and Kimberly Tsao for helpful comments, and John Brownstein and Ben Beard for their early contributions to this work. This project was funded by CDC-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Cooperative Agreement no. CI00171-01. NR 63 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 5 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1466-822X J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 19 IS 4 BP 504 EP 514 DI 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00526.x PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 608ES UT WOS:000278566200009 ER PT J AU Crawford, J McAlister, S Simmons, G AF Crawford, J. McAlister, S. Simmons, G. TI Physical activity in the bleeding disorders population SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crawford, J.] Natl Hemophilia Fdn, New York, NY USA. [McAlister, S.; Simmons, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 SU 4 BP 54 EP 54 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 626UZ UT WOS:000279994100294 ER PT J AU Soucie, J Kulkarni, R Abshire, T Dimichele, D Evatt, B Geraghty, S AF Soucie, J. Kulkarni, R. Abshire, T. Dimichele, D. Evatt, B. Geraghty, S. TI Intracranial hemorrhage in the first two years of life in children with hemophilia SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Soucie, J.; Evatt, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kulkarni, R.] Michigan State Univ, Lansing, MI USA. [Abshire, T.] BloodCtr Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Dimichele, D.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Geraghty, S.] Univ Colorado Denver, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 SU 4 BP 88 EP 89 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 626UZ UT WOS:000279994100480 ER PT J AU Gomperts, E Holtz, J Baker, J Geraghty, S Hudson, M Karp, S Osip, J Presley, R AF Gomperts, E. Holtz, J. Baker, J. Geraghty, S. Hudson, M. Karp, S. Osip, J. Presley, R. TI Suicide among males with hemophilia in the US, 1998-2007 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gomperts, E.; Holtz, J.] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Presley, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baker, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Geraghty, S.] Mt States Hemophilia Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Hudson, M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Karp, S.] UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA. [Osip, J.] Ctr Bleeding & Clotting Disorders, Minneapolis, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 SU 4 BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 626UZ UT WOS:000279994100722 ER PT J AU Kenet, G Chan, AKC Soucie, JM Kulkarni, R AF Kenet, G. Chan, A. K. C. Soucie, J. M. Kulkarni, R. TI Bleeding disorders in neonates SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Review DE developmental haemostasis; Haemophilia; intracranioal haemorrhage; neonates ID INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE; HEMOPHILIA-A; INHIBITOR DEVELOPMENT; THROMBIN GENERATION; HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM; PLATELET-FUNCTION; RISK-FACTORS; NEWBORNS; MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN AB Bleeding disorders may present during the neonatal period, however, absent patient history along with unique physical signs, physiologically decreased levels of plasma proteins and laboratory variations of platelet function tests may render any diagnosis difficult to establish. Intra cranial haemorrhage (ICH) may be the clinical presenting symptom of a severe coagulation factor deficiency. Haemophilia in the newborn period poses unique challenges in diagnosis and management, Data presented from the UDC and similar surveillance systems world-wide can be used to further clinical research and improve management strategies. Development haemostasis should be considered as well as laboratory variations of coagulation tests while evaluating and diagnosis neonates suspected of bleeding disorders. Therapy of bleeding episodes in the neonate relies upon proper replacement and repeated haemostatic evaluation of patients' status, while dealing with underlying etiological causes. This manuscript discusses the unique aspects of clinical presentation, laboratory assessment, and treatment of various bleeding disorders in neonates. C1 [Kenet, G.] Sheba Med Ctr, Natl Hemophilia Ctr, Thrombosis Unit, Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Chan, A. K. C.] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Soucie, J. M.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, E Lansing, MI USA. [Kulkarni, R.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kenet, G (reprint author), Sheba Med Ctr, Natl Hemophilia Ctr, Thrombosis Unit, Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM Gili.Kenet@sheba.health.gov.il NR 37 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 SU 5 BP 168 EP 174 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 614QZ UT WOS:000279076100029 PM 20590877 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, EL Brownstein, JN Rush, CH Hirsch, GR Willaert, AM Scott, JR Holderby, LR Fox, DJ AF Rosenthal, E. Lee Brownstein, J. Nell Rush, Carl H. Hirsch, Gail R. Willaert, Anne M. Scott, Jacqueline R. Holderby, Lisa R. Fox, Durrell J. TI Community Health Workers: Part Of The Solution SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION; DISEASE; CARE AB Community health workers are recognized in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act as important members of the health care workforce. The evidence shows that they can help improve health care access and outcomes; strengthen health care teams; and enhance quality of life for people in poor, underserved, and diverse communities. We trace how two states, Massachusetts and Minnesota, initiated comprehensive policies to foster far more utilization of community health workers and, in the case of Minnesota, to make their services reimbursable under Medicaid. We recommend that other states follow the lead of these states, further developing the workforce of community health workers, devising appropriate regulations and credentialing, and allowing the services of these workers to be reimbursed. C1 [Rosenthal, E. Lee] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Coll Hlth Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Brownstein, J. Nell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hirsch, Gail R.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Willaert, Anne M.] Healthcare Educ Ind Partnership, Mankato, MN USA. [Scott, Jacqueline R.] Natl Acad State Hlth Policy, Washington, DC USA. [Holderby, Lisa R.] Hlth Equ Community Catalyst, Boston, MA USA. [Fox, Durrell J.] New England AIDS Educ Training Ctr, Shrewsbury, MA USA. RP Rosenthal, EL (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Coll Hlth Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM elrosenthal@utep.edu NR 18 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 6 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1338 EP 1342 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2010.0081 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 621EP UT WOS:000279557600013 PM 20606185 ER PT J AU Taulbee, TD Glover, SE Macievic, GV Hunacek, M Smith, C DeBord, GW Morris, D Fix, J AF Taulbee, Timothy D. Glover, Samuel E. Macievic, Gregory V. Hunacek, Mickey Smith, Cheryl DeBord, Gary W. Morris, Donald Fix, Jack TI A BOUNDING ESTIMATE OF NEUTRON DOSE BASED ON MEASURED PHOTON DOSE AROUND SINGLE PASS REACTORS AT THE HANFORD SITE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE analysis; statistical; modeling; dose assessment; nuclear reactor; nuclear workers AB Neutron and photon radiation survey records have been used to evaluate and develop a neutron to photon (NP) ratio to reconstruct neutron doses to workers around Hanford's single pass reactors that operated from 1945 to 1972. A total of 5,773 paired neutron and photon measurements extracted from 57 boxes of survey records were used in the development of the NP ratio. The development of the NP ratio enables the use of the recorded dose from an individual's photon dosimeter badge to be used to estimate the unmonitored neutron dose. The Pearson rank correlation between the neutron and photon measurements was 0.71. The NP ratio best fit a lognormal distribution with a geometric mean (GM) of 0.8, a geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 2.95, and the upper 95(th)% of this distribution was 4.75. An estimate of the neutron dose based on this NP ratio is considered bounding due to evidence that up to 70% of the total photon exposure received by workers around the single pass reactors occurs during shutdown maintenance and refueling activities when there is no significant neutron exposure. Thus when this NP ratio is applied to the total measured photon dose from an individual film badge dosimeter, the resulting neutron dose is considered bounded. Health Phys. 99(1):26-38; 2010 C1 [Taulbee, Timothy D.; Glover, Samuel E.; Macievic, Gregory V.] NIOSH, OCAS, Robert A Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hunacek, Mickey; Smith, Cheryl; Morris, Donald; Fix, Jack] Dade Moeller & Associates, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [DeBord, Gary W.] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. RP Taulbee, TD (reprint author), NIOSH, OCAS, Robert A Taft Labs, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ttaulbee@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 99 IS 1 BP 26 EP 38 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181d4ee20 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 609EG UT WOS:000278637400003 PM 20539122 ER PT J AU Hawken, SJ Greenwood, CMT Hudson, TJ Kustra, R McLaughlin, J Yang, QH Zanke, BW Little, J AF Hawken, Steven J. Greenwood, Celia M. T. Hudson, Thomas J. Kustra, Rafal McLaughlin, John Yang, Quanhe Zanke, Brent W. Little, Julian TI The utility and predictive value of combinations of low penetrance genes for screening and risk prediction of colorectal cancer SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; COMPLEX DISEASES; BREAST-CANCER; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; CLINICAL VALIDITY; COMMON DISEASES; TESTS; MORTALITY; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; POPULATION AB Despite the fact that colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly treatable form of cancer if detected early, a very low proportion of the eligible population undergoes screening for this form of cancer. Integrating a genomic screening profile as a component of existing screening programs for CRC could potentially improve the effectiveness of population screening by allowing the assignment of individuals to different types and intensities of screening and also by potentially increasing the uptake of existing screening programs. We evaluated the utility and predictive value of genomic profiling as applied to CRC, and as a potential component of a population-based cancer screening program. We generated simulated data representing a typical North American population including a variety of genetic profiles, with a range of relative risks and prevalences for individual risk genes. We then used these data to estimate parameters characterizing the predictive value of a logistic regression model built on genetic markers for CRC. Meta-analyses of genetic associations with CRC were used in building science to inform the simulation work, and to select genetic variants to include in logistic regression model-building using data from the ARCTIC study in Ontario, which included 1,200 CRC cases and a similar number of cancer-free population-based controls. Our simulations demonstrate that for reasonable assumptions involving modest relative risks for individual genetic variants, that substantial predictive power can be achieved when risk variants are common (e.g., prevalence > 20%) and data for enough risk variants are available (e.g., similar to 140-160). Pilot work in population data shows modest, but statistically significant predictive utility for a small collection of risk variants, smaller in effect than age and gender alone in predicting an individual's CRC risk. Further genotyping and many more samples will be required, and indeed the discovery of many more risk loci associated with CRC before the question of the potential utility of germline genomic profiling can be definitively answered. C1 [Hawken, Steven J.; Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Greenwood, Celia M. T.; Kustra, Rafal; McLaughlin, John] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Yang, Quanhe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hudson, Thomas J.; Zanke, Brent W.] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. [McLaughlin, John] Mt Sinai Hosp, Samuel Lunenfeld Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. [Hawken, Steven J.; Zanke, Brent W.] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Hudson, Thomas J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hudson, Thomas J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada. [McLaughlin, John] Canc Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Little, J (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. EM shawken@ohri.ca; jlittle@uottawa.ca RI McLaughlin, John/E-4577-2013; OI Hawken, Steven/0000-0002-3341-9022 FU Canadian Cancer Society Research Instituted, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Interdisciplinary Research on Colorectal Cancer, CIHR; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research through the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation FX This study was supported by the Cancer Risk Evaluation (CaRE) Program Grant from the Canadian Cancer Society Research Instituted, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Interdisciplinary Research on Colorectal Cancer, CIHR pilot project grant in colorectal cancer screening. TJH and BWZ are recipients of Senior Investigator Awards from the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, through generous support from the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation. JL holds a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Human Genome Epidemiology. NR 72 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 128 IS 1 BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1007/s00439-010-0828-1 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 610MR UT WOS:000278737600008 PM 20437058 ER PT J AU Jiang, V Jiang, BM Tate, J Parashar, UD Patel, MM AF Jiang, Victoria Jiang, Baoming Tate, Jacqueline Parashar, Umesh D. Patel, Manish M. TI Performance of rotavirus vaccines in developed and developing countries SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Review DE rotavirus; vaccines; immunization; vaccination; diarrhea; gastroenteritis ID TETRAVALENT RHESUS-HUMAN; 1ST 2 YEARS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; REASSORTANT VACCINE; CHOLERA VACCINE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; CVD 103-HGR; INFANTS AB The World Health Organization estimates that rotavirus diarrhea results in approximately half a million deaths and approximately 2.4 million hospitalizations in developing countries each year. Two live oral rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq (R) (RV 5; Merck) and Rotarix (R) (RV 1; GlaxoSmithKline) with good efficacy against severe rotavirus disease and a reassuring safety profile could substantially impact the burden of rotavirus disease. In April 2009, WHO provided a recommendation for global introduction of these vaccines in national immunization programs of developing countries worldwide. In this article, we review published data on previous candidate rotavirus vaccines and vaccines in current use, with emphasis on their performance in developed versus developing countries. In developed countries, both first and second generation rotavirus vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy against severe rotavirus disease (pooled efficacy = 73% and 85%, respectively). In developing countries, small early trials for the first generation vaccines failed to provide protection against rotavirus disease (pooled efficacy = 20%), however, trials of the second generation vaccines yielded substantial improvements in efficacy in developing countries (pooled efficacy of 51%), leading to a global recommendation for rotavirus vaccine introduction by WHO. Future efforts for these vaccines should focus on optimizing the efficacy and delivery of these vaccines in challenging target populations of Asia and Africa with the greatest burden of severe rotavirus disease. C1 [Jiang, Victoria; Jiang, Baoming; Tate, Jacqueline; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aul3@CDC.GOV FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025008] NR 88 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 10 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1554-8600 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD JUL PY 2010 VL 6 IS 7 BP 532 EP 542 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 684ZP UT WOS:000284594100011 PM 20622508 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Heidel, D Okun, A Branche, C AF Schulte, Paul A. Heidel, Donna Okun, Andrea Branche, Christine TI Making Green Jobs Safe SO INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID 1-BROMOPROPANE; BROMIDE C1 [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL INST OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH, JAPAN PI KAWASAKI KANAGAWA PA 21-1 NAGAO 6-CHOME TAMA-KU, KAWASAKI KANAGAWA, 214, JAPAN SN 0019-8366 J9 IND HEALTH JI Ind. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 4 BP 377 EP 379 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 633AB UT WOS:000280470500001 PM 20720328 ER PT J AU Bushnell, PT Colombi, A Caruso, CC Tak, S AF Bushnell, P. Timothy Colombi, Alberto Caruso, Claire C. Tak, SangWoo TI Work Schedules and Health Behavior Outcomes at a Large Manufacturer SO INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Symposium on Shiftwork and Working Time CY AUG 02-06, 2009 CL Venice, ITALY DE Shift work; Circadian rhythms; Occupational health; Health behavior; Work schedule intolerance; Shift length ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; RISK-FACTORS; SHIFT WORK; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; OVERTIME WORK; PREVALENCE; PERFORMANCE; SLEEPINESS; EXPOSURE; IMPACT AB There is evidence that work schedules may influence rates of unhealthy behaviors, suggesting that addressing work schedule challenges may improve health. Health Risk Assessment (HRA) survey responses were collected during 2000-2008 in a multinational chemical and coatings manufacturer. Responses of 26,442 were sufficiently complete for analysis. Rates of smoking, lack of exercise, moderate to high alcohol use, obesity (BMI >= 30), and short sleep duration were compared by work schedule type (day, night, or rotating shift) and daily work hours (8, 10, or 12 h). Prevalence rate ratios (RRs) were calculated, adjusting for age group, sex, marital/living status, job tenure, and occupational group. The reference group was 8-h day shift employees. Overall prevalence rates were: sleep duration of 6 h or less per night 47%, smoking 17.3%, no exercise 22.0%, BMI >= 30 28.3%, and moderate to heavy alcohol consumption 22.2%. Statistically significant RRs include the following: Short sleep duration: 10 h rotating shift (RR=1.6), 12 h day and 12 h rotating shifts (RR=1.3); Smoking: 12 It day and rotating shifts (RR=1.6), 10 and 12 h night and 8 h rotating shift (RR=1.4); No exercise: 8, 10, and 12 h rotating shifts (RR=1.2 to 1.3), 12 h day schedules (RR=1.3). Obesity (BMI >= 30): 8 and 10 h night shifts (RR=1.3 and 1.4, respectively). C1 [Bushnell, P. Timothy; Tak, SangWoo] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Colombi, Alberto] PPG Ind Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15272 USA. [Caruso, Claire C.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Bushnell, PT (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkway,MS R17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATL INST OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH, JAPAN PI KAWASAKI KANAGAWA PA 21-1 NAGAO 6-CHOME TAMA-KU, KAWASAKI KANAGAWA, 214, JAPAN SN 0019-8366 J9 IND HEALTH JI Ind. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 4 BP 395 EP 405 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 633AB UT WOS:000280470500004 PM 20720331 ER PT J AU Kandel, R Srinivasan, A D'Agata, EMC Lu, XY Erdman, D Jhung, M AF Kandel, Ruth Srinivasan, Arjun D'Agata, Erika M. C. Lu, Xiaoyan Erdman, Dean Jhung, Michael TI Outbreak of Adenovirus Type 4 Infection in a Long-Term Care Facility for the Elderly SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB An outbreak of acute respiratory disease due to human adenovirus and a resulting increase in mortality occurred in a long-term care facility for the elderly. By use of viral culture and polymerase chain reaction, not a rapid antigen test, the virus was detected. Human adenovirus infection can occur in elderly individuals, but detection by rapid antigen testing may be limited. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31(7):755-757 C1 [Kandel, Ruth] Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02131 USA. [Kandel, Ruth; D'Agata, Erika M. C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean; Jhung, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kandel, R (reprint author), Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, 1200 Ctr St, Boston, MA 02131 USA. EM kandel@hrca.harvard.edu NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 31 IS 7 BP 755 EP 757 DI 10.1086/653612 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 605VB UT WOS:000278374000014 PM 20509762 ER PT J AU Garcia-Williams, AG Miller, LJ Burkitt, KH Cuerdon, T Jain, R Fine, MJ Jernigan, JA Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL AF Garcia-Williams, Amanda G. Miller, LaToya J. Burkitt, Kelly H. Cuerdon, Timothy Jain, Rajiv Fine, Michael J. Jernigan, John A. Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. TI Beyond beta: Lessons Learned from Implementation of the Department of Veterans Affairs Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Prevention Initiative SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INTERVENTION; REDUCE; ICU AB To describe the key strategies and potential pitfalls involved with implementing the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Prevention Initiative in a qualitative evaluation, we conducted in-depth interviews with MRSA Prevention Coordinators at 17 VA beta sites at 2 time points during program implementation. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31(7):763-765 C1 [Garcia-Williams, Amanda G.; Jernigan, John A.; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burkitt, Kelly H.; Fine, Michael J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Miller, LaToya J.; Jain, Rajiv] Univ Pittsburgh, Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Fine, Michael J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Cent Off, Off Qual & Performance, Washington, DC USA. RP Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RLS7@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 31 IS 7 BP 763 EP 765 DI 10.1086/653818 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 605VB UT WOS:000278374000016 PM 20509763 ER PT J AU Pacheco, MA Ryan, EM Poe, AC Basco, L Udhayakumar, V Collins, WE Escalante, AA AF Pacheco, M. Andreina Ryan, Elizabeth M. Poe, Amanda C. Basco, Leonardo Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Collins, Williams E. Escalante, Ananias A. TI Evidence for negative selection on the gene encoding rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1) in Plasmodium spp. SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; Malaria; Merozoite; Plasmodium; Rhoptry; RAP-1; Positive selection; Negative selection ID INHIBITORY MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; T-CELL RECOGNITION; MALARIA PARASITES; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; NATURAL-SELECTION; CYTOCHROME-B; FALCIPARUM; VIVAX; MONKEYS AB Assessing how natural selection, negative or positive, operates on genes with low polymorphism is challenging. We investigated the genetic diversity of orthologous genes encoding the rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP-1), a low polymorphic protein of malarial parasites that is involved in erythrocyte invasion. We applied evolutionary genetic methods to study the polymorphism in RAP-1 from Plasmodium falciparum (n = 32) and Plasmodium vivax (n = 6), the two parasites responsible for most human malaria morbidity and mortality, as well as RAP-1 orthologous in closely related malarial species found in non-human primates (NHPs). Overall, genes encoding RAP-1 are highly conserved in all Plasmodium spp. included in this investigation. We found no evidence for natural selection, positive or negative, acting on the gene encoding RAP-1 in P. falciparum or P. vivax. However, we found evidence that the orthologous genes in non-human primate parasites (Plasmodium cynomolgi, Plasmodium inui, and Plasmodium knowlesi) are under purifying (negative) selection. We discuss the importance of considering negative selection while studying genes encoding proteins with low polymorphism and how selective pressures may differ among orthologous genes in closely related malarial parasites species. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pacheco, M. Andreina; Ryan, Elizabeth M.; Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Poe, Amanda C.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam; Collins, Williams E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis,Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Escalante, AA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, POB 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Ananias.Escalante@asu.edu FU National Institute of Health [R01GM080586] FX AA Escalante is supported by the grant R01GM080586 from the National Institute of Health. We thank John Barnwell, Omar E. Cornejo, and Andrea McCollum for valuable comments that improved this manuscript. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 655 EP 661 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.03.013 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 614DP UT WOS:000279035800009 PM 20363375 ER PT J AU Martin, M Vanichseni, S Suntharasamai, P Mock, PA van Griensven, F Pitisuttithum, P Tappero, JW Chiamwongpaet, S Sangkum, U Kitayaporn, D Gurwith, M Choopanya, K AF Martin, Michael Vanichseni, Suphak Suntharasamai, Pravan Mock, Philip A. van Griensven, Frits Pitisuttithum, Punnee Tappero, Jordan W. Chiamwongpaet, Sithisat Sangkum, Udomsak Kitayaporn, Dwip Gurwith, Marc Choopanya, Kachit CA Bangkok Vaccine Evaluation Grp TI Drug use and the risk of HIV infection amongst injection drug users participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok, 1999-2003 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; Heroin; Methamphetamine; Asia; HIV vaccine ID LOS-ANGELES-COUNTY; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; SAN-FRANCISCO; SUBSTANCE USE; BISEXUAL MEN; SEX; THAILAND; BEHAVIORS; POLICY; COHORT AB Background: HIV spread rapidly amongst injecting drug users (IDUs) in Bangkok in the late 1980s. In recent years, changes in the drugs injected by IDUs have been observed. We examined data from an HIV vaccine trial conducted amongst IDUs in Bangkok during 1999-2003 to describe drug injection practices, drugs injected, and determine if drug use choices altered the risk of incident HIV infection. Methods: The AIDSVAX B/E HIV vaccine trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. At enrolment and every 6 months thereafter. HIV status and risk behaviour were assessed. A proportional hazards model was used to evaluate demographic characteristics, incarceration, drug injection practices, sexual activity, and drugs injected during follow-up as independent predictors of HIV infection. Results: The proportion of participants injecting drugs, sharing needles, and injecting daily declined from baseline to month 36. Amongst participants who injected, the proportion injecting heroin declined (98.6-91.9%), whilst the proportions injecting methamphetamine (16.2-19.6%) and midazolam (9.9-31.9%) increased. HIV incidence was highest amongst participants injecting methamphetamine, 7.1 (95% Cl, 5.4-9.2) per 100 person years. Injecting heroin and injecting methamphetamine were independently associated with incident HIV infection. Conclusions: Amongst AIDSVAX B/E vaccine trial participants who injected drugs during follow-up, the proportion injecting heroin declined whilst the proportion injecting methamphetamine, midazolam, or combinations of these drugs increased. Controlling for heroin use and other risk factors, participants injecting methamphetamine were more likely to become HIV-infected than participants not injecting methamphetamine. Additional HIV prevention tools are urgently needed including tools that address methamphetamine use. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Martin, Michael; Mock, Philip A.; van Griensven, Frits; Tappero, Jordan W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Martin, Michael; van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vanichseni, Suphak; Choopanya, Kachit] Bangkok Vaccine Evaluat Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Suntharasamai, Pravan; Pitisuttithum, Punnee; Kitayaporn, Dwip] Mahidol Univ, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chiamwongpaet, Sithisat; Sangkum, Udomsak] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kitayaporn, Dwip] Bumrungrad Int Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Gurwith, Marc] VaxGen Inc, Brisbane, CA USA. RP Martin, M (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, DDC 7 Bldg,4th Floor,Soi 4, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM Znd9@cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0955-3959 J9 INT J DRUG POLICY JI Int. J. Drug Policy PD JUL PY 2010 VL 21 IS 4 BP 296 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.12.002 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 627BK UT WOS:000280012800007 PM 20079620 ER PT J AU Oyewole, SA Haight, JM Freivalds, A AF Oyewole, Samuel A. Haight, Joel M. Freivalds, Andris TI The ergonomic design of classroom furniture/computer work station for first graders in the elementary school SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Classroom furniture; Elementary school children; Anthropometric measures; Ergonomics-oriented furniture, First graders; Adjustability ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; DIMENSIONS; NECK; SCHOOLCHILDREN; ANTHROPOMETRY; SYMPTOMS; SHOULDER; POSITION; BEHAVIOR; PUPILS AB Children have been known to spend over 30% of their time at school. Most classroom activities involve sitting for long periods of time, with little or no breaks. Every effort should be made to ensure that young children do not experience back pain and other musculoskeletal disorders due to prolonged sitting on improperly designed classroom furniture. This paper proposes a methodology and guidelines for the design of ergonomic-oriented classroom furniture for first graders in the elementary school. The anthropometric measures of twenty first graders were used to develop regression equations for the furniture dimensions. The analysis of the relevant anthropometric measures such as stature, weight, body mass index (BMI), popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, and hip breadth shows that stature and body mass index are important factors in the design of the classroom furniture. Adjustability was incorporated into the design in order to recommend the appropriate dimensions for the design of the classroom furniture. Based on the need to accommodate at least 90% of the population of first graders in the United States, this paper proposes furniture design dimensions for seat height (25.83-32.23 cm): seat depth (27.41-33.86 cm); seat width (17.91-23.29 cm); back rest (35.64-44.37 cm); arm rest (16.28-20.68 cm); and desk height (30.12-37.85 cm). This anthropometric analysis could be used to design ergonomic-oriented classroom furniture which would not only incorporate adjustability, but also improve the level of comfort for the intended users. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Oyewole, Samuel A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Haight, Joel M.] NIOSH, Min Injury Prevent Branch, CDC, Pittsburgh Res Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Freivalds, Andris] Penn State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Oyewole, SA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sao152@psu.edu NR 52 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-8141 J9 INT J IND ERGONOM JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 40 IS 4 BP 437 EP 447 DI 10.1016/j.ergon.2010.02.002 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering GA 614RY UT WOS:000279078600008 ER PT J AU Amador, JJ Vasquez, J Orozco, M Pedreira, C Malespin, O De Oliveira, LH Tate, J Parashar, U Patel, M AF Jose Amador, Juan Vasquez, Joshua Orozco, Maribel Pedreira, Cristina Malespin, Omar Helena De Oliveira, Lucia Tate, Jacqueline Parashar, Umesh Patel, Manish TI Rotavirus disease burden, Nicaragua 2001-2005: defining the potential impact of a rotavirus vaccination program SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus; Diarrhea; Viral gastroenteritis; Vaccine; Disease burden ID DIARRHEA; GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; VACCINES; CHILDREN; SAFETY AB Background: In October 2006, a rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Nicaragua for routine immunization of all children. We document the baseline diarrheal disease burden in Nicaragua prior to the vaccine program to facilitate future studies to measure vaccine impact. Methods: We analyzed national data for 2001-2005 on total acute gastroenteritis healthcare visits, hospitalizations, and mortality in Nicaraguan children aged <5 years. Results: Prior to vaccine introduction, by age 5 years, one in four Nicaraguan children required an outpatient consultation, one in 34 were hospitalized, and one in 2487 died from rotavirus-associated diarrhea, representing approximately 41 122 outpatient visits, 4460 hospitalizations, and 60 deaths per year that are preventable through vaccination. Almost half of the total acute gastroenteritis burden was in children <1 year of age. Two distinct seasonal peaks were noted in acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations and deaths. Conclusions: Existing data sources on all-cause acute gastroenteritis could be useful for establishing diarrhea disease burden and monitoring trends after vaccine introduction. Blunting of winter season peaks in rates of diarrhea, particularly among children aged <1-2 years, would be a useful indicator of impact from rotavirus vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. C1 [Vasquez, Joshua; Tate, Jacqueline; Parashar, Umesh; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jose Amador, Juan] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Managua, Nicaragua. [Orozco, Maribel; Malespin, Omar] Minist Salud, Managua, Nicaragua. [Pedreira, Cristina] PanAmer Hlth Org, Managua, Nicaragua. [Helena De Oliveira, Lucia] PanAmer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aul3@CDC.GOV FU GAVI Alliance FX This work was performed under a collaborative arrangement with PATH and was funded in part by the GAVI Alliance. The GAVI Alliance was not involved in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 14 IS 7 BP E592 EP E595 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.08.014 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 609IR UT WOS:000278650400008 PM 20022778 ER PT J AU Savel, T Hall, K Lee, B McMullin, V Miles, M Stinn, J White, P Washington, D Boyd, T Lenert, L AF Savel, T. Hall, K. Lee, B. McMullin, V. Miles, M. Stinn, J. White, P. Washington, D. Boyd, T. Lenert, L. TI A Public Health Grid (PHGrid): Architecture and value proposition for 21st century public health SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Public health; Surveillance; Grid computing; Architecture AB Purpose: This manuscript describes the value of and proposal for a high-level architectural framework for a Public Health Grid (PHGrid), which the authors feel has the capability to afford the public health community a robust technology infrastructure for secure and timely data, information, and knowledge exchange, not only within the public health domain, but between public health and the overall health care system. Methods: The CDC facilitated multiple Proof-of-Concept (PoC) projects, leveraging an open-source-based software development methodology, to test four hypotheses with regard to this high-level framework. The outcomes of the four PoCs in combination with the use of the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) and the newly emerging Federal Segment Architecture Methodology (FSAM) was used to develop and refine a high-level architectural framework for a Public Health Grid infrastructure. Results: The authors were successful in documenting a robust high-level architectural framework for a PHGrid. The documentation generated provided a level of granularity needed to validate the proposal, and included examples of both information standards and services to be implemented. Both the results of the PoCs as well as feedback from selected public health partners were used to develop the granular documentation. Conclusions: A robust high-level cohesive architectural framework for a Public Health Grid (PHGrid) has been successfully articulated, with its feasibility demonstrated via multiple PoCs. In order to successfully implement this framework for a Public Health Grid, the authors recommend moving forward with a three-pronged approach focusing on interoperability and standards, streamlining the PHGrid infrastructure, and developing robust and high-impact public health services. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd C1 [Savel, T.; Hall, K.; Boyd, T.; Lenert, L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lee, B.; Miles, M.; Stinn, J.; White, P.; Washington, D.] Deloitte Consulting LLP, Atlanta, GA USA. [McMullin, V.] Vanguard Consulting Grp, Stone Mt, GA USA. RP Savel, T (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-68, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsavel@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1386-5056 J9 INT J MED INFORM JI Int. J. Med. Inform. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 79 IS 7 BP 523 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2010.04.002 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 603FG UT WOS:000278193500007 PM 20472493 ER PT J AU Robbins, CL Zapata, L Kissin, DM Shevchenko, N Yorick, R Skipalska, H Finnerty, E Ornstein, T Marchbanks, PA Jamieson, DJ Hillis, SD AF Robbins, C. L. Zapata, L. Kissin, D. M. Shevchenko, N. Yorick, R. Skipalska, H. Finnerty, E. Ornstein, T. Marchbanks, P. A. Jamieson, D. J. Hillis, S. D. TI Multicity HIV seroprevalence in street youth, Ukraine SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; Europe; epidemiology; high-risk screening ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; YOUNG-PEOPLE; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; HOMELESS YOUTH; RISK; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; BEHAVIORS; INFECTION; HEALTH AB We conducted the first systematic, community-based, multicity assessment outside the USA of HIV seroprevalence, risk factors and linkage into clinical services among 929 street youth. After city-wide mapping, we used time-location sampling and randomly selected 74 venues in Odesa, Kyiv and Donetsk, Ukraine. Rapid HIV testing with post-test counselling was offered to all eligible youths aged 15-24 years. Overall, 18.4% (95% confidence interval 16.2-20.2) were HIV positive and 85% had previously unknown status. Rates were identical by sex. Subgroups with highest rates included orphans (26%), youths with histories of exchanging sex (35%), sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (37%), injection drug use (IDU) (42%) and needle sharing (49%). Independent predictors, similar across age groups and city, included being orphaned, time on the street, history of anal sex, STIs, exchanging sex, any drug use, IDU and needle sharing. Two-thirds (68%) of HIV-positive youths were linked to services. This high-risk population has many immediate needs. C1 [Robbins, C. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Robbins, C. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shevchenko, N.; Skipalska, H.] HealthRight Int, Kiev, Ukraine. [Yorick, R.] HealthRight Int, St Petersburg, Russia. [Finnerty, E.; Ornstein, T.] HealthRight Int, New York, NY USA. RP Robbins, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM clrobbins@cdc.gov FU CDC Global AIDS Program; International HIV/AIDS Alliance in Ukraine; United States Agency for International Development (USAID) - Ukraine; Elton John AIDS Foundation; Hilda Mullen Foundation; West Foundation FX CDC Global AIDS Program, International HIV/AIDS Alliance in Ukraine, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) - Ukraine, Elton John AIDS Foundation, Hilda Mullen Foundation and West Foundation. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD JUL PY 2010 VL 21 IS 7 BP 489 EP 496 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010097 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 670DG UT WOS:000283400800008 PM 20852199 ER PT J AU Hnizdo, E Glindmeyer, HW Petsonk, EL AF Hnizdo, E. Glindmeyer, H. W. Petsonk, E. L. TI Workplace spirometry monitoring for respiratory disease prevention: a methods review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Review DE spirometry; spirometry monitoring; periodic spirometry; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; medical screening ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; LUNG-FUNCTION DECLINE; COAL-MINERS; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; LONGITUDINAL DECLINE; CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE; BUSINESS STRATEGY; FUNCTION TESTS AB This report reviews methods applicable in workplace spirometry monitoring for the identification of individuals with excessive lung function decline. Specific issues addressed include 1) maintaining longitudinal spirometry data precision at an acceptable level so that declines due to adverse physiological processes in the lung can be readily detected in an individual; 2) applying interpretative strategies that have a high likelihood of identifying workers at risk of developing lung function impairment; and 3) enhancing effectiveness of spirometry monitoring for intervention and disease prevention. Applications in ongoing computerized spirometry monitoring programs are described that demonstrate approaches to improving spirometry data precision and quality, and facilitating informed decision-making on disease prevention. C1 [Hnizdo, E.; Petsonk, E. L.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Glindmeyer, H. W.] Tulane Med Sch, Dept Med, Sect Pulm Dis Crit Care & Environm Med, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Hnizdo, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ehnizdo@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This study was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 14 IS 7 BP 796 EP 805 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 620HF UT WOS:000279489000004 PM 20550761 ER PT J AU Brinkerhoff, RJ Kabeya, H Inoue, K Bai, Y Maruyama, S AF Brinkerhoff, R. Jory Kabeya, Hidenori Inoue, Kai Bai, Ying Maruyama, Soichi TI Detection of multiple Bartonella species in digestive and reproductive tissues of fleas collected from sympatric mammals SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE host specialization; multiple niche polymorphism; pathogen transmission; Siphonaptera ID PRAIRIE DOGS; DIVERSITY; PREVALENCE; THAILAND; VECTORS; STRAINS; RODENTS; SPP.; WILD AB At least 12 species in the genus Bartonella are zoonotic pathogens that may be transmitted among mammalian hosts by fleas or other arthropods. Apparent host specificity by some Bartonella species to mammalian hosts has been observed, and the detection of multiple Bartonella species in mammalian fleas suggests that fleas take bloodmeals from a variety of host species. However, many flea species are observed to parasitize a narrow host range. Therefore, we suspect that fleas may acquire Bartonella by a mechanism other than ingesting infectious blood. We found that detection of multiple Bartonella genotypes and species is apparently common in fleas and that the majority of fleas tested (5/9) carried Bartonella species atypical of their hosts. We also detected Bartonella DNA in flea reproductive tissues, suggesting that vertical transmission of this organism in vectors is possible, potentially leading to the accumulation of Bartonella diversity over time within fleas. The ISME Journal (2010) 4, 955-958; doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.22; published online 11 March 2010 C1 [Brinkerhoff, R. Jory] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Kabeya, Hidenori; Inoue, Kai; Maruyama, Soichi] Nihon Univ, Coll Bioresource Sci, Dept Vet Med, Lab Vet Publ Hlth, Kanagawa, Japan. [Bai, Ying] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Brinkerhoff, RJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Microbial Dis, 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM robert.brinkerhoff@yale.edu RI Brinkerhoff, Jory/I-9364-2012 NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 4 IS 7 BP 955 EP 958 DI 10.1038/ismej.2010.22 PG 4 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 617LE UT WOS:000279281400011 PM 20220787 ER PT J AU Hillis, SD Kuklina, E Akatova, N Kissin, DM Vinogradova, EN Rakhmanova, AG Stepanova, E Jamieson, DJ Robinson, J Vitek, C Miller, WC AF Hillis, Susan D. Kuklina, Elena Akatova, Natalia Kissin, Dmitry M. Vinogradova, Elena N. Rakhmanova, Aza G. Stepanova, Elena Jamieson, Denise J. Robinson, Joanna Vitek, Charles Miller, William C. TI Antiretroviral Prophylaxis to Prevent Perinatal HIV Transmission in St. Petersburg, Russia: Too Little, Too Late SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; maternal fetal transmission; vertical transmission ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; MATERNAL-INFANT TRANSMISSION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CHILD TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; ZIDOVUDINE; COMBINATION; NEVIRAPINE; WOMEN; INTRAPARTUM AB Background: We evaluated the influence of type and timing of prophylaxis on perinatal HIV transmission in St. Petersburg, Russia. Methods: We linked surveillance data for 1498 HIV-infected mothers delivering from 2004 to 2007 with polymerase chain reaction data for 1159 infants to determine predictors of transmission. Results: The overall perinatal transmission rate was 6.3% [73 of 1159, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9% to 7.7%]. Among the 12.8% (n = 149) of mother-infant pairs receiving full course (antenatal, intrapartum, postnatal) dual/triple antiretroviral prophylaxis, the transmission rate was 2.7%. Among the 1010 receiving less complete regimens (full course zidovudine, single-dose nevirapine, or incomplete), transmission ranged from 4.1% to 12.2%. Among the 28.9% (330) of mothers initiating antiretroviral drugs <= 20 weeks gestation, perinatal transmission was 1.8%, compared with 4.0%, 8.6%, and 11.3% for those initiating antiretrovirals at 21-28 weeks, 29-42 weeks, or during labor and delivery, respectively (P for trend <0.0001). Compared with those initiating antepartum prophylaxis <= 20 weeks, those initiating antepartum prophylaxis <= 29 weeks (or not at all) had increased transmission odds (adjusted odds ratio: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.8 to 12.9; odds ratio: 5.1, 95% CI: 2.0 to 13.1, respectively). Conclusions: In St. Petersburg, the potential for further reductions in perinatal transmission is evident, given low transmission among women receiving early combination prophylaxis. C1 [Hillis, Susan D.; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kuklina, Elena] Civilian Agencies Grp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Akatova, Natalia] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, St Petersburg, Russia. [Vinogradova, Elena N.; Stepanova, Elena] City AIDS Ctr St Petersburg, St Petersburg, Russia. [Rakhmanova, Aza G.] City Hlth Comm, St Petersburg, Russia. [Vitek, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Moscow, Russia. [Miller, William C.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Hillis, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHD, Mail Stop K 34,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shillis@cdc.gov RI Miller, William/H-4800-2014 OI Miller, William/0000-0002-1934-7827 FU Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; USAID, Russia; Johnson and Johnson FX Supported by Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; USAID, Russia; and Johnson and Johnson. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 54 IS 3 BP 304 EP 310 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181cdaba0 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 613YV UT WOS:000279022300011 PM 20130471 ER PT J AU Grabbe, KL Menzies, N Taegtmeyer, M Emukule, G Angala, P Mwega, I Musango, G Marum, E AF Grabbe, Kristina L. Menzies, Nick Taegtmeyer, Miriam Emukule, Gideon Angala, Patrick Mwega, Irene Musango, Geraldine Marum, Elizabeth TI Increasing Access to HIV Counseling and Testing Through Mobile Services in Kenya: Strategies, Utilization, and Cost-Effectiveness SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE cost; cost-effectiveness; HIV; Kenya; mobile services; voluntary counseling and testing ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; DISCORDANT COUPLES; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; RISK BEHAVIOR; VOLUNTARY; TRANSMISSION; SEROCONVERSION; TANZANIA; UGANDA AB Introduction: This study compares client volume, demographics, testing results, and costs of 3 "mobile" HIV counseling and testing (HCT) approaches with existing "stand-alone" HCT in Kenya. A retrospective cohort of 62,173 individuals receiving HCT between May 2005 and April 2006 was analyzed. Mobile HCT approaches assessed were community-site mobile HCT, semimobile container HCT, and fully mobile truck HCT. Data were obtained from project monitoring data, project accounts, and personnel interviews. Results: Mobile HCT reported a higher proportion of clients with no prior HIV test than stand-alone (88% vs. 58%). Stand-alone HCT reported a higher proportion of couples than mobile HCT (18% vs. 2%) and a higher proportion of discordant couples (12% vs. 4%). The incremental cost-effectiveness of adding mobile HCT to stand-alone services was $14.91 per client tested (vs. $26.75 for stand-alone HCT); $16.58 per previously untested client (vs. $43.69 for stand-alone HCT); and $157.21 per HIV-positive individual identified (vs. $189.14 for stand-alone HCT). Conclusions: Adding mobile HCT to existing stand-alone HCT seems to be a cost-effective approach for expanding HCT coverage for reaching different target populations, including women and young people, and for identifying persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection for referral to treatment and care. C1 [Grabbe, Kristina L.; Menzies, Nick; Marum, Elizabeth] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Menzies, Nick] Macro Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Menzies, Nick] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Taegtmeyer, Miriam] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Taegtmeyer, Miriam; Angala, Patrick; Mwega, Irene] Liverpool VCT & Care, Nairobi, Kenya. [Emukule, Gideon] Family Hlth Int, Nairobi, Kenya. [Emukule, Gideon] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Musango, Geraldine] Hope Worldwide Kenya, Makindu, Kenya. RP Grabbe, KL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kgrabbe@cdc.gov FU US CDC, Nairobi, Kenya FX This study was funded by US CDC, Global AIDS Program, Nairobi, Kenya. Ethics: The study received a nonresearch determination on January 5, 2006. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflict of interest. NR 31 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 5 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 54 IS 3 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181ced126 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 613YV UT WOS:000279022300013 PM 20453819 ER PT J AU Liddon, N Dunne, E Markowitz, LA AF Liddon, Nicole Dunne, Eileen Markowitz, Lauri A. TI Provider Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccine for Males SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; SEXUAL HISTORY; ACCEPTABILITY; KNOWLEDGE; MEN C1 [Liddon, Nicole; Dunne, Eileen; Markowitz, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Liddon, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.04.014 PG 2 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 609IE UT WOS:000278648800001 PM 20547285 ER PT J AU Haley, CC Hedberg, K Leman, RF AF Haley, Clinton C. Hedberg, Katrina Leman, Richard F. TI Disordered Eating and Unhealthy Weight Loss Practices: Which Adolescents Are at Highest Risk? SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Disordered eating; Adolescent health; Body weight; Screening ID PREVENTION PROGRAMS; ANOREXIA-NERVOSA; BEHAVIORS; TRIAL AB Early diagnosis of unhealthy weight loss practices (UWLP) among adolescents improves treatment outcomes. Analysis of population-based school survey data in Oregon demonstrated that the 11.6% reporting UWLP were more likely to perceive themselves as overweight, depressed, and to have abused substances. Targeted screening of adolescents can help identify those with UWLP. (C) 2010 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Haley, Clinton C.; Hedberg, Katrina; Leman, Richard F.] Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Oregon Dept Human Serv, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Haley, Clinton C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Leman, RF (reprint author), Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Oregon Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St,Suite 772, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM Richard.f.leman@state.or.us FU Oregon state general funds; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors thank Renee Boyd, M. P. H., Oregon Department of Human Services, Public Health Division, Center for Health Statistics; Duyen Ngo, Ph.D., Oregon Department of Human Services, Public Health Division, Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Section; and Janet Blair, Ph.D., M. P. H., Career Development Division, Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for their contributions to this project. The Oregon Healthy Teens survey is funded through Oregon state general funds and grant funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 47 IS 1 BP 102 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.023 PG 4 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 609IE UT WOS:000278648800015 PM 20547299 ER PT J AU Hirsch, CH Diehr, P Newman, AB Gerrior, SA Pratt, C Lebowitz, MD Jackson, SA AF Hirsch, Calvin H. Diehr, Paula Newman, Anne B. Gerrior, Shirley A. Pratt, Charlotte Lebowitz, Michael D. Jackson, Sharon A. TI Physical Activity and Years of Healthy Life in Older Adults: Results From the Cardiovascular Health Study SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE aging; exercise; mortality; health status; activities of daily living ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; HARVARD ALUMNI HEALTH; FUNCTIONAL ABILITY; MORTALITY; DISABILITY; EXPECTANCY; EXERCISE; WOMEN; PREDICTORS; DISEASE AB Little is known about how many years of life and disability-free years seniors can gain through exercise. Using data from the Cardiovascular Health Study, the authors estimated the extra years of life and self-reported healthy life (over 11 years) and years without impairment in activities of daily living (over 6 years) associated with quintiles of physical activity (PA) in older adults from different age groups. They estimated PA from the Minnesota Leisure Time Activities Questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression adjusted for health-related covariates. The relative gains in survival and years of healthy life (YHL) generally were proportionate to the amount of PA, greater among those 75+, and higher in men. Compared with being sedentary, the most active men 75+ had 1.49 more YHL (95% CI: 0.79, 2.19), and the most active women 75+ had 1.06 more YHL (95% CI: 0.44, 1.68). Seniors over age 74 experience the largest relative gains in survival and healthy life from physical activity. C1 [Hirsch, Calvin H.] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Hirsch, Calvin H.] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Diehr, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Gerrior, Shirley A.] Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Pratt, Charlotte] NHLBI, Div Epidemiol & Clin Applicat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lebowitz, Michael D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Med, Tucson, AZ USA. [Lebowitz, Michael D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Jackson, Sharon A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hirsch, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RI Kim, Hyung Woo /G-7525-2011; Newman, Anne/C-6408-2013 OI Newman, Anne/0000-0002-0106-1150 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-45133, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85086, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, U01 HL080295]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke FX Presented, in part, at the American Geriatrics Society Annual Meeting, May 2007. A full list of participating CHS investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.chs-nhlbi.org. Financial Disclosures: None reported. Funding/Support: The research reported in this article was supported by contracts N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-45133, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-85079 through N01-HC-85086, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, and U01 HL080295 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. NR 48 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1063-8652 J9 J AGING PHYS ACTIV JI J. Aging Phys. Act. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 18 IS 3 BP 313 EP 334 PG 22 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Sport Sciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Sport Sciences GA 614JI UT WOS:000279052900005 PM 20651417 ER PT J AU Seyler, TH Reyes, LR Bernert, JT AF Seyler, Tiffany H. Reyes, Levi-Rose Bernert, John T. TI Analysis of 4-Aminobiphenyl Hemoglobin Adducts in Smokers and Nonsmokers by Pseudo Capillary On-Column Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLADDER-CANCER RISK; ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; AROMATIC-AMINES; CIGARETTE SMOKERS; NEVER SMOKERS; DNA-ADDUCTS; LOS-ANGELES; EXPOSURE; URINE; BIOMARKERS C1 [Seyler, Tiffany H.; Reyes, Levi-Rose; Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Seyler, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Mailstop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tvh2@cdc.gov NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 34 IS 6 BP 304 EP 311 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 630AM UT WOS:000280243200002 PM 20663282 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Geretti, AM AF Johnson, Jeffrey A. Geretti, Anna Maria TI Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations can be clinically significant but must be interpreted with caution SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE HIV; drug resistance; low-frequency mutants; testing sensitivity ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; VIRAL VARIANTS; NEVIRAPINE; SINGLE; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION AB With drug-resistant HIV-1 present in at least 10%-20% of new infections in Western countries and in >60% of patients failing antiretroviral therapy (ART), monitoring HIV-1 drug resistance is becoming increasingly important for assessing its impact on therapeutic measures of virus control and for guiding treatment. The sensitivity limitations of conventional bulk genotyping often lead to an underestimation of the total burden of drug resistance in a patient, as resistant variants escape detection when present at low frequency within the viral quasispecies. Using sensitive resistance testing methods, a few investigators have linked low-frequency mutations to poor treatment outcomes, while other studies have shown no correlation. Understanding the technical limitations of sensitive testing methods and the relevance of the amount of a particular resistance mutation in the context of different ART regimens will help to define the clinical benefit of low-frequency resistance testing. Paramount to interpreting the clinical utility of sensitive testing is evaluating resistance mutations selectively, at biologically significant frequencies, and using methods that have been broadly validated on clinical specimens. C1 [Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Geretti, Anna Maria] Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, Dept Virol, London, England. [Geretti, Anna Maria] UCL Med Sch, London, England. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov FU Merck Sharp Dohme; Monogram; Roche Diagnostics; Tibotec; ViiV Healthcare; Virco FX A.M.G. Consultancy and speakers' bureau: Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Monogram, Roche Diagnostics, Tibotec, ViiV Healthcare, Virco. Research support: Merck Sharp & Dohme, Monogram, Roche Diagnostics, Tibotec, ViiV Healthcare, Virco. J.A.J.: author of a patent application on real-time PCR assays for HIV-1 drug resistance. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 65 IS 7 BP 1322 EP 1326 DI 10.1093/jac/dkq139 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 625WC UT WOS:000279926500002 PM 20466851 ER PT J AU Bonifacio, E Yu, LP Williams, AK Eisenbarth, GS Bingley, PJ Marcovina, SM Adler, K Ziegler, AG Mueller, PW Schatz, DA Krischer, JP Steffes, MW Akolkar, B AF Bonifacio, Ezio Yu, Liping Williams, Alastair K. Eisenbarth, George S. Bingley, Polly J. Marcovina, Santica M. Adler, Kerstin Ziegler, Anette G. Mueller, Patricia W. Schatz, Desmond A. Krischer, Jeffrey P. Steffes, Michael W. Akolkar, Beena TI Harmonization of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Islet Antigen-2 Autoantibody Assays for National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Consortia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY STANDARDIZATION PROGRAM; TYPE-1; TRIALS; RISK AB Background/Rationale: Autoantibodies to islet antigen-2 (IA-2A) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) are markers for diagnosis, screening, and measuring outcomes in National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) consortia studies. A harmonization program was established to increase comparability of results within and among these studies. Methods: Large volumes of six working calibrators were prepared from pooled sera with GADA 4.8-493 World Health Organization (WHO) units/ml and IA-2A 2-235 WHO units/ml. Harmonized assay protocols for IA-2A and GADA using S-35-methionine-labelled in vitro transcribed and translated antigens were developed based on methods in use in three NIDDK laboratories. Antibody thresholds were defined using sera from patients with recent onset type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. To evaluate the impact of the harmonized assay protocol on concordance of IA-2A and GADA results, two laboratories retested stored TEDDY study sera using the harmonized assays. Results: The harmonized assays gave comparable but not identical results in the three laboratories. For IA-2A, using a common threshold of 5 DK units/ml, 549 of 550 control and patient samples were concordantly scored as positive or negative, specificity was greater than 99% with sensitivity 64% in all laboratories. For GADA, using thresholds equivalent to the 97th percentile of 974 control samples in each laboratory, 1051 (97.9%) of 1074 samples were concordant. On the retested TEDDY samples, discordance decreased from 4 to 1.8% for IA-2A (n = 604 samples; P = 0.02) and from 15.4 to 2.7% for GADA (n = 515 samples; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Harmonization of GADA and IA-2A is feasible using large volume working calibrators and common protocols and is an effective approach to ensure consistency in autoantibody measurements. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95: 3360-3367, 2010) C1 [Bonifacio, Ezio] Deutsch Forsch Gemeinschaft Ctr Regenerat Therapi, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. [Yu, Liping; Eisenbarth, George S.] Univ Colorado, Barbara Davis Ctr Childhood Diabet, Denver, CO 80045 USA. [Williams, Alastair K.; Bingley, Polly J.] Univ Bristol, Southmead Hosp, Bristol BS10 5NB, Avon, England. [Marcovina, Santica M.] Univ Washington, NW Lipid Metab & Diabet Res Labs, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Adler, Kerstin; Ziegler, Anette G.] Forschergrp Diabet eV, Diabet Res Inst, D-80804 Munich, Germany. [Mueller, Patricia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Risk Assessment Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Schatz, Desmond A.] Univ Florida, Ctr Diabet, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Krischer, Jeffrey P.] Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Steffes, Michael W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Akolkar, Beena] NIDDK, Div Diabet Endocrinol & Metab Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Bonifacio, E (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Ctr Regenerat Therapies Dresden, Ctr Biotechnol, Tatzberg 47-49, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. EM ezio.bonifacio@crt-dresden.de RI Bonifacio, Ezio/E-7700-2010; Williams, Alistair/E-7647-2013; Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele/M-4614-2014; OI Bonifacio, Ezio/0000-0002-8704-4713; Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele/0000-0002-6290-5548; Williams, Alistair/0000-0002-3615-3899 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [R01 HL61753, R01 HL079611]; Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center [P30 DK57516]; NIH [M01 RR000051]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK 63829, 63861, 63821, 63865, 63863, 63836, 63790]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kompetenznetz Diabetes mellitus (Competence Network for Diabetes mellitus); Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany [FKZ 01GI0805-07] FX The CACTI study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Grants R01 HL61753 and R01 HL079611, and Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center Clinical Investigation Core P30 DK57516. The CACTI study was performed at the Adult General Clinical Research Center at the University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center, supported by the NIH Grant M01 RR000051; at the Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes in Denver, Colorado; and at the Colorado Heart Imaging Center in Denver, Colorado.; This work was supported by Grants DK 63829, 63861, 63821, 63865, 63863, 63836, and 63790 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Kompetenznetz Diabetes mellitus (Competence Network for Diabetes mellitus), funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany (FKZ 01GI0805-07). NR 16 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 95 IS 7 BP 3360 EP 3367 DI 10.1210/jc.2010-0293 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 621OS UT WOS:000279589600040 PM 20444913 ER PT J AU Swenson, JM Wong, B Simor, AE Thomson, RB Ferraro, MJ Hardy, DJ Hindler, J Jorgensen, J Reller, LB Traczewski, M McDougal, LK Patel, JB AF Swenson, Jana M. Wong, Betty Simor, Andrew E. Thomson, Richard B. Ferraro, Mary Jane Hardy, Dwight J. Hindler, Janet Jorgensen, James Reller, L. Barth Traczewski, Maria McDougal, Linda K. Patel, Jean B. TI Multicenter Study To Determine Disk Diffusion and Broth Microdilution Criteria for Prediction of High- and Low-Level Mupirocin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERPRETIVE CRITERIA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HOSPITALS; TRIAL AB Mupirocin susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus has become more important as mupirocin is used more widely to suppress or eliminate S. aureus colonization and prevent subsequent health care-and community- associated infections. The present multicenter study evaluated two susceptibility testing screening methods to detect mupirocin high-level resistance (HLR), broth microdilution (BMD) MICs of >= 512 mu g/ml, and a 6-mm zone diameter for a disk diffusion (DD) test with a 200-mu g disk. Initial testing indicated that with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methods for BMD and DD testing, the optimal conditions for the detection of mupirocin HLR were 24 h of incubation and reading of the DD zone diameters with transmitted light. Using the presence or absence of mupA as the "gold standard" for HLR, the sensitivity and specificity of a single-well 256 mu g/ml BMD test were 97 and 99%, respectively, and those for the 200-mu g disk test were 98 and 99%, respectively. Testing with two disks, 200 mu g and 5 mu g, was evaluated for its ability to distinguish HLR isolates (MICs >= 512 mu g/ml), low-level-resistant (LLR) isolates (MICs = 8 to 256 mu g/ml), and susceptible isolates (MICs <= 4 mu g/ml). Using no zone with both disks as an indication of HLR and no zone with the 5-mu g disk plus any zone with the 200-mu g disk as LLR, only 3 of the 340 isolates were misclassified, with 3 susceptible isolates being classified as LLR. Use of standardized MIC or disk tests could enable the detection of emerging high-and low-level mupirocin resistance in S. aureus. C1 [Swenson, Jana M.; Wong, Betty; McDougal, Linda K.; Patel, Jean B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Antimicrobial Resistance Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simor, Andrew E.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. [Thomson, Richard B.] N Shore Univ Hlth Syst, Evanston Hosp, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hardy, Dwight J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Hindler, Janet] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Jorgensen, James] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Reller, L. Barth] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Traczewski, Maria] Inst Clin Microbiol, Wilsonville, OR 97070 USA. RP Swenson, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Antimicrobial Resistance Team, Mailstop G08,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jms1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2469 EP 2475 DI 10.1128/JCM.00340-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700022 PM 20444971 ER PT J AU Hossain, MJ Perez, S Guo, Z Chen, LM Donis, RO AF Hossain, M. Jaber Perez, Sandra Guo, Zhu Chen, Li-Mei Donis, Ruben O. TI Establishment and Characterization of a Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Reporter Cell Line for Influenza A Virus Assays SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRAND RNA VIRUSES; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; RESPIRATORY VIRUSES; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; SURVEILLANCE DATA; REVERSE GENETICS; SINDBIS-VIRUS; MDCK CELLS AB Influenza virus diagnosis has traditionally relied on virus isolation in chicken embryo or cell cultures. Many laboratories have adopted rapid molecular methods for detection of influenza viruses and discontinued routine utilization of the relatively slow viral culture methods. We describe an influenza A virus reporter cell line that contributes to more efficient viral detection in cell culture. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were engineered to constitutively produce an influenza virus genome-like luciferase reporter RNA driven by the canine RNA polymerase I promoter. Induction of a high level of luciferase activity was detected in the Luc9.1 cells upon infection with various strains of influenza A virus, including 2009 H1N1 pandemic and highly pathogenic H5N1 virus. In contrast, infection with influenza B virus or human adenovirus type 5 did not induce significant levels of reporter expression. The reporter Luc9.1 cells were evaluated in neutralizing antibody assays with convalescent H3N2 ferret serum, yielding a neutralization titer comparable to that obtained by the conventional microneutralization assay, suggesting that the use of the reporter cell line might simplify neutralization assays by facilitating the establishment of infectious virus endpoints. Luc9.1 cells were also used to determine the susceptibility of influenza A viruses to a model antiviral drug. The equivalence to conventional antiviral assay results indicated that the Luc9.1 cells could provide an alternative cell-based platform for high-throughput drug discovery screens. In summary, the MDCK-derived Luc9.1 reporter cell line is highly permissive for influenza A virus replication and provides a very specific and sensitive approach for simultaneous detection and isolation of influenza A viruses as well as functional evaluation of antibodies and antiviral molecules. C1 [Hossain, M. Jaber; Perez, Sandra; Guo, Zhu; Chen, Li-Mei; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvd6@cdc.gov FU National Vaccine Program Office, Department of Health and Human Services FX These studies were supported in part by the National Vaccine Program Office, Department of Health and Human Services. We thank Alexander Klimov, Xiyan Xu, Marie Gramer, Thomas Chambers, Edward Dubovi, and Robert Webster for providing influenza virus isolates. NR 50 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2515 EP 2523 DI 10.1128/JCM.02286-09 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700029 PM 20504984 ER PT J AU Vauloup-Fellous, C Hubschen, JM Abernathy, ES Icenogle, J Gaidot, N Dubreuil, P Parent-Du-Chatelet, I Grangeot-Keros, L Muller, CP AF Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle Huebschen, Judith M. Abernathy, Emily S. Icenogle, Joseph Gaidot, Nicolas Dubreuil, Pascal Parent-du-Chatelet, Isabelle Grangeot-Keros, Liliane Muller, Claude P. TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Rubella Viruses Involved in Congenital Rubella Infections in France between 1995 and 2009 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; E1 GENE; VACCINATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; BURDEN; WOMEN; ASIA AB Rubella is an acute infectious disease that normally has a mild clinical course. However, infections during pregnancy, especially before week 12 of gestation (WG), can cause severe birth defects known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The aim of this study was to perform genotyping and molecular characterization of rubella viruses involved in congenital infections in France over the past 15 years (1995 to 2009). Amniotic fluid (AF) specimens (n = 80) from pregnant women with congenital rubella infections (CRI) before week 20 of gestation, and a few other samples available from children/newborns with CRS (n = 26), were analyzed. The coding region of the rubella virus E1 gene was amplified directly from clinical specimens by reverse transcriptase PCR, and the resulting DNA fragments were sequenced. Sequences were assigned to genotypes by phylogenetic analysis with rubella virus reference sequences. Sufficient E1 gene sequences were obtained from 56 cases. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences showed that at least five different genotypes (1E, 1G, 1B, 2B, and 1h) were present in France and were involved in congenital infections, with a strong predominance of genotype 1E (87%). This is one of the very few comprehensive studies of rubella viruses involved in CRI. The results indicated that over the past 15 years, multiple introductions of the dominant genotype E caused most of the CRI cases in France. A few sporadic cases were due to other genotypes (1B, 1G, 1h, 2B). C1 [Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle] Univ Paris Sud, Hop Antoine Beclere, AP HP,INSERM U764, Serv Microbiol Immunol Biol,Dept Microbiol, F-92141 Clamart, France. [Parent-du-Chatelet, Isabelle] Inst Veille Sanitaire, St Maurice, France. [Huebschen, Judith M.; Muller, Claude P.] Ctr Rech Publ Sante, Inst Immunol, Lab Natl Sante, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Abernathy, Emily S.; Icenogle, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vauloup-Fellous, C (reprint author), Univ Paris Sud, Hop Antoine Beclere, AP HP,INSERM U764, Serv Microbiol Immunol Biol,Dept Microbiol, 157 Rue Porte Trivaux, F-92141 Clamart, France. EM christelle.vauloup@abc.aphp.fr RI Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle/D-1333-2015 OI Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle/0000-0002-3674-5093 FU Ministry of Health; Centre de Recherche Public de la Sante, Luxembourg FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Health and the Centre de Recherche Public de la Sante, Luxembourg. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2530 EP 2535 DI 10.1128/JCM.00181-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700031 PM 20463161 ER PT J AU Garcia-Hermoso, D MacCallum, DM Lott, TJ Sampaio, P Serna, MJB Grenouillet, F Klaassen, CHW Bretagne, S AF Garcia-Hermoso, Dea MacCallum, Donna M. Lott, Timothy J. Sampaio, Paula Buitrago Serna, Maria-Jose Grenouillet, Frederic Klaassen, Corne H. W. Bretagne, Stephane TI Multicenter Collaborative Study for Standardization of Candida albicans Genotyping Using a Polymorphic Microsatellite Marker SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; ALLELIC LADDERS; POPULATION; SYSTEM; LOCUS; GENETICS; GLABRATA AB Microsatellite-based genotyping for Candida albicans can give discrepant results between laboratories when expressed in fragment sizes, because their determination depends on electrophoretic conditions. The interlaboratory reproducibility was assessed in six laboratories provided with an allelic ladder. Despite variations in size determinations, alleles were correctly assigned, making data transportable between laboratories. C1 [Garcia-Hermoso, Dea; Bretagne, Stephane] Inst Pasteur, Unite Mycol Mol, Ctr Natl Reference Mycol & Antifong, F-75724 Paris 15, France. [Garcia-Hermoso, Dea; Bretagne, Stephane] CNRS, URA3012, F-75724 Paris, France. [MacCallum, Donna M.] Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen Fungal Grp, Inst Med Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Lott, Timothy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sampaio, Paula] Univ Minho, Ctr Biol Mol & Ambiental, Braga, Portugal. [Buitrago Serna, Maria-Jose] Inst Salud Carlos III, Serv Micol, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Madrid, Spain. [Grenouillet, Frederic] CHU Jean Minjoz, Lab Mycol Parasitol, Besancon, France. [Klaassen, Corne H. W.] Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bretagne, Stephane] Hop Henri Mondor, Lab Parasitol Mycol, F-94010 Creteil, France. RP Garcia-Hermoso, D (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Unite Mycol Mol, Ctr Natl Reference Mycol & Antifong, 25 Rue Dr Roux, F-75724 Paris 15, France. EM dea.garcia-hermoso@pasteur.fr RI MacCallum, Donna/D-7897-2011; CBMA, CBMA/J-1937-2016; GRENOUILLET, Frederic/R-5176-2016; OI CBMA, CBMA/0000-0002-2841-2678; GRENOUILLET, Frederic/0000-0001-6001-3135; Sampaio, Paula/0000-0002-1415-4428; Bretagne, Stephane/0000-0001-6870-3800; MacCallum, Donna/0000-0003-4833-0378 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2578 EP 2581 DI 10.1128/JCM.00040-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700043 PM 20427694 ER PT J AU Ham, C Srinivasan, P Thorstensson, R Verschoor, E Fagrouche, Z Sernicola, L Ramos, A Titti, F Almond, N Berry, N AF Ham, Claire Srinivasan, Priya Thorstensson, Rigmor Verschoor, Ernst Fagrouche, Zahra Sernicola, Leonardo Ramos, Artur Titti, Fausto Almond, Neil Berry, Neil TI International Multicenter Study To Assess a Panel of Reference Materials for Quantification of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus RNA in Plasma SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL REPLICATION; HIV-1 INFECTION; QUALITY-CONTROL; TYPE-1 RNA; MACAQUES; VACCINE; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; CHALLENGES; EXTENT; ASSAYS AB An international multicenter study was conducted to assess the performance of a panel of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) RNA reference materials for plasma viral load determinations. Reliable quantification was demonstrated across an similar to 6 log(10) dynamic range. Availability of external reference materials will enable independent calibration of SIV plasma viral load assays. C1 [Ham, Claire; Almond, Neil; Berry, Neil] NIBSC HPA, Div Retrovirol, Potters Bar EN6 3QJ, Herts, England. [Srinivasan, Priya; Ramos, Artur] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV,STD,TB Prevent,CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thorstensson, Rigmor] SIIDC, Stockholm, Sweden. [Verschoor, Ernst; Fagrouche, Zahra] BPRC, Rijswijk, Netherlands. [Sernicola, Leonardo; Titti, Fausto] Inst Super Sanita, Div Expt Retrovirol & Nonhuman Primate Models, AIDS Natl Ctr, Rome, Italy. RP Berry, N (reprint author), NIBSC HPA, Div Retrovirol, Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QJ, Herts, England. EM neil.berry@nibsc.hpa.org.uk FU United Kingdom Medical Research Council [G9025730, G9419998]; EU [037611] FX The work was funded in part by grants from the United Kingdom Medical Research Council (G9025730 and G9419998) and EUFP6 grant Europrise (037611). NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2582 EP 2585 DI 10.1128/JCM.00082-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700044 PM 20427693 ER PT J AU Shewmaker, PL Gertz, RE Kim, CY de Fijter, S DiOrio, M Moore, MR Beall, BW AF Shewmaker, Patricia L. Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Kim, Clara Y. de Fijter, Sietske DiOrio, Mary Moore, Matthew R. Beall, Bernard W. TI Streptococcus salivarius Meningitis Case Strain Traced to Oral Flora of Anesthesiologist SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IATROGENIC MENINGITIS; IDENTIFICATION; PCR; GENE; EMM AB Two women in labor received intrapartum spinal anesthesia from the same anesthesiologist approximately 1 h apart. Within 15 h, both patients developed Streptococcus salivarius meningitis and one patient died. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from both patients and tongue swab specimens from the anesthesiologist yielded isolates of an indistinguishable S. salivarius strain. C1 [Beall, Bernard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Clara Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Clara Y.; de Fijter, Sietske; DiOrio, Mary] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. RP Beall, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C02, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM beb0@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 7 BP 2589 EP 2591 DI 10.1128/JCM.00426-10 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 617YV UT WOS:000279318700046 PM 20504987 ER PT J AU Nix, WA Maher, K Pallansch, MA Oberste, MS AF Nix, W. Allan Maher, Kaija Pallansch, Mark A. Oberste, M. Steven TI Parechovirus typing in clinical specimens by nested or semi-nested PCR coupled with sequencing SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parechovirus; Ljungan virus; Molecular typing; Polymerase chain reaction ID REAL-TIME PCR; LJUNGAN VIRUS; RT-PCR; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; STOOL SAMPLES; INFECTIONS; ENTEROVIRUSES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MYOCARDITIS; SEROTYPE AB Background: The Parechovirus genus (Picornaviridae) contains two known species, Human parechovirus (HPeV) and Ljungan virus (LV). HPeVs cause a wide spectrum of disease, including meningitis, gastroenteritis, encephalitis, respiratory illness, and neonatal sepsis-like disease. LVs are associated with diabetes and myocarditis in bank voles and have been proposed to cause disease in humans. The ability to rapidly and accurately type parechoviruses is critical to understanding their role in human disease. Objectives: For parechovirus molecular typing, we sought to develop reverse transcription, nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays to amplify the sequence encoding the VP1 capsid protein from all known members of the Parechovirus genus. Study design: The assays consist of a two-step RT-PCR with primers flanking VP1 (PCR1), followed by semi-nested PCR2A and PCR2B reactions that produce overlapping amplicons, encompassing the complete VP1 gene, as well as a nested PCR2C that amplifies a shorter internal VP1 amplicon. Results: All primer sets are 100% sensitive and 100% specific for the 77 parechovirus culture isolates tested. The semi-nested and nested PCR primer sets are 94% sensitive and 100% specific for detection of parechovirus in original specimens. Viral genotype can be deduced from analysis of amplicon sequences. Parechoviruses of the same type share >= 77% complete VP1 nucleotide sequence identity or >= 87% amino acid identity, while those of different types share >= 73% nucleotide identity and >= 81% amino acid identity. Conclusions: The PCR primers described here amplify VP1 sequences from all known parechoviruses, providing a sensitive, reliable system for molecular typing directly from original clinical specimens. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Nix, W. Allan; Maher, Kaija; Pallansch, Mark A.; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM soberste@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 48 IS 3 BP 202 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.04.007 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 609LR UT WOS:000278658600010 PM 20472496 ER PT J AU Lefebvre, RC Tada, Y Hilfiker, SW Baur, C AF Lefebvre, R. Craig Tada, Yuri Hilfiker, Sandra W. Baur, Cynthia TI The Assessment of User Engagement with eHealth Content: The eHealth Engagement Scale1 SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR-CHANGE WEBSITES AB A scale for measuring the engagement properties of eHealth content was adapted from commercial advertising research. We define engagement as the process of involving users in health content in ways that motivate and lead to health behavior change. Complete responses were obtained from 230/260 participants exposed to health content from seven content areas in online remote testing. After viewing each of three randomly assigned health content areas, the participants completed two questionnaires. The first one assessed the appropriateness, applicability, motivation, and intentions to change or engage in health behaviors relevant to the set of content components displayed for that health topic. The second questionnaire was the eHealth Engagement Scale in which participants rated each of 12 descriptors on a 5-point Likert scale. Internal reliability of each of the two multi-item subscales of the Engagement Scale was .878 for Involving and .805 for Credible. A 4-factor solution eliminating three of the original 12 word descriptors was found to be the superior in the subsequent analysis of predictive validity. The eHealth Engagement Scale may prove to be an important mediator of user retention of information, intentions to change, and ultimately efforts to undertake and achieve behavior change. C1 [Lefebvre, R. Craig] George Washington Univ, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Lefebvre, R. Craig] George Washington Univ, Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Baur, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lefebvre, RC (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1083-6101 J9 J COMPUT-MEDIAT COMM JI J. Comput.-Mediat. Commun. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 15 IS 4 BP 666 EP 681 DI 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01514.x PG 16 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 619RJ UT WOS:000279447500009 ER PT J AU Armstrong, JH Sullivent, EE Sasser, SM AF Armstrong, John H. Sullivent, Ernest E. Sasser, Scott M. TI Blast Injuries From Bombings: What Craniofacial and Maxillofacial Surgeons Need to Know SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MASS CASUALTY TRIAGE; 11 MARCH 2004; TERRORIST BOMBINGS; UNITED-STATES; PERFORATION; EXPLOSIONS; MANAGEMENT C1 [Armstrong, John H.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Sullivent, Ernest E.; Sasser, Scott M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sasser, Scott M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Armstrong, JH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM john.armstrong@surgery.ufl.edu NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1049-2275 J9 J CRANIOFAC SURG JI J. Craniofac. Surg. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 21 IS 4 BP 954 EP 959 DI 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181e17b79 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 628UV UT WOS:000280149100004 PM 20647833 ER PT J AU Beato, RR Telfer, J AF Beato, Ricardo R. Telfer, Jana TI Communication as an Essential Component of Environmental Health Science SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Beato, Ricardo R.] CDC, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Beato, RR (reprint author), CDC, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-61, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rbeato@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 73 IS 1 BP 24 EP 25 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 628XI UT WOS:000280157400005 PM 20687329 ER PT J AU Kajon, AE Lu, XY Erdman, DD Louie, J Schnurr, D St George, K Koopmans, MP Allibhai, T Metzgar, D AF Kajon, Adriana E. Lu, Xiaoyan Erdman, Dean D. Louie, Janice Schnurr, David St George, Kirsten Koopmans, Marion P. Allibhai, Taslim Metzgar, David TI Molecular Epidemiology and Brief History of Emerging Adenovirus 14-Associated Respiratory Disease in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MILITARY RECRUITS; CARE FACILITY; GENOME TYPES; SEROTYPE 14; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; ILLNESS; EMERGENCE; TYPE-3; PNEUMONIA AB Background. First isolated in the Netherlands in 1955 during an outbreak of acute respiratory disease (ARD) among military recruits, human adenovirus 14 (HAdV-14) has historically been considered rare. With no precedent of circulation in North America, HAdV-14 has been isolated from military and civilian cases of ARD of variable severity since 2003 in the United States. Methods. Ninety-nine isolates from military and civilian cases from different geographic locations and circulation periods were characterized by restriction enzyme analysis of viral DNA and select gene sequencing. Results. All examined viruses were found to be identical and to belong to a new genome type designated "HAdV-14p1" (formerly known as "14a"). Comparative alignments of E1A, hexon, and fiber gene sequences with other subspecies B2 HAdVs suggest that HAdV-14p1, like the closely related HAdV-11a, arose from recombination among similar HAdV-11 and HAdV-14 ancestral strains. A deletion of 2 amino acids in the knob region of the fiber protein is the only identified unique characteristic of HAdV-14p1. Conclusion. The current geographic distribution of HAdV-14p1 involves at least 15 states in the Unites States. The role of the fiber mutations in the recent emergence of HAdV-14p1 ARD in North America warrants further study. C1 [Kajon, Adriana E.] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Program Infect Dis, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Louie, Janice; Schnurr, David] Publ Hlth Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Calif Dept Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Metzgar, David] USN, Dept Resp Dis Res, Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [St George, Kirsten] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Allibhai, Taslim] USAF Lackland AF Base, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. [Koopmans, Marion P.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Kajon, AE (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Program Infect Dis, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM akajon@lrri.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 46 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 1 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1086/653083 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 605BM UT WOS:000278322300011 PM 20500088 ER PT J AU Licitra, B Chambers, EW Kelly, R Burkot, TR AF Licitra, Beth Chambers, Eric W. Kelly, Rosmarie Burkot, Thomas R. TI Detection of Dirofilaria immitis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Aedes albopictus, Anopheles punctipennis, and Anopheles crucians (Diptera: Culicidae) From Georgia, USA SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dirofilaria immitis; Aedes albopictus; Georgia ID POTENTIAL VECTORS; ONCHOCERCIDAE; FLORIDA; DOGS; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; MOSQUITOS; LOUISIANA; HEARTWORM; CAROLINA AB Potential mosquito vectors of Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy) (Nematoda: Filarioidea), the causative agent of dog heartworm in the southeastern region of the United States, were collected with CDC light traps and gravid traps in seven counties in the state of Georgia, USA. The presence of D. immitis in these mosquitoes was detected by polymerase chain reaction using species-specific primers for the D. immitis surface or cuticular antigen. Overall, 1,574 mosquitoes of 13 species in seven genera were collected; 92% of the specimens were Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes vexans (Meigen), or Anopheles punctipennis (Say). Ae. albopictus, An. punctipennis, and Anopheles crucians Wiedemann were positive for D. immitis DNA. Ae. albopictus had the highest maximum likelihood rate of infection (2.30%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-4.00%) followed by An. crucians (1.38%: 95% CI = 0.04-6.93%), and An. punctipennis (0.85%; 95% CI 0.03-4.29%). The detection of D. immitis DNA in the heads and thoraxes of Ae. albopictus (0.40%; 95% CI = 0.12-2.02%) indicates that these mosquitoes can support the development of D. immitis to the infective stage 3 larvae. C1 [Licitra, Beth; Chambers, Eric W.; Burkot, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Kelly, Rosmarie] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Burkot, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Hgwy,Mailstop F-42, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM tburkot@cdc.gov RI Burkot, Thomas/C-6838-2013 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 47 IS 4 BP 634 EP 638 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 621AL UT WOS:000279545400015 PM 20695279 ER PT J AU Bonander, J Gates, S AF Bonander, Jason Gates, Suzanne TI Public Health in an Era of Personal Health Records: Opportunities for Innovation and New Partnerships SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Personal health records; public health practice; informatics ID INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; RECOMMENDATIONS; ECONOMY; CARE AB In the near future, citizens will be able to control and manage their own health information through electronic personal health record systems and tools. The clinical benefits of this innovation, such as cost savings, error reduction, and improved communication, have been discussed in the literature and public forums, as have issues related to privacy and confidentiality. Receiving little attention are the benefits these will have for public health. The benefits and potential for innovation are broad and speak directly to core public health functions such as health monitoring, outbreak management, empowerment, linking to services, and research. Coupled with this is a new relationship with citizens as key partners in protecting and promoting the public's health. C1 [Bonander, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gates, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bonander, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mail Stop K-54, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbonander@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 11 PU JOURNAL MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH PI TORONTO PA TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL, R FRASER ELLIOTT BLDG, 4TH FL, R 4S435, 190 ELIZABETH ST, TORONTO, ON M5G 2C4, CANADA SN 1438-8871 J9 J MED INTERNET RES JI J. Med. Internet Res. PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 12 IS 3 AR e33 DI 10.2196/jmir.1346 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 661VW UT WOS:000282761500017 PM 20699216 ER PT J AU Singeton, RJ Bulkow, LR Miernyk, K DeByle, C Pruitt, L Hummel, KB Bruden, D Englund, JA Anderson, LJ Lucher, L Holman, RC Hennessy, TW AF Singeton, Rosalyn J. Bulkow, Lisa R. Miernyk, Karen DeByle, Carolynn Pruitt, Lori Hummel, Kimberlee Boyd Bruden, Dana Englund, Janet A. Anderson, Larry J. Lucher, Lynne Holman, Robert C. Hennessy, Thomas W. TI Viral Respiratory Infections in Hospitalized and Community Control Children in Alaska SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE respiratory syncytial virus; RSV; respiratory infections; respiratory viruses; Alaska native; viral etiologies ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS HOSPITALIZATIONS; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS INFECTION; NATIVE CHILDREN; PCR ASSAYS; UNITED-STATES; PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; HIGH-RISK; DISEASE; INFANTS; ILLNESS AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Alaska Native children from the Yukon Kuskokwim (YK) Delta is associated with a hospitalization rate five times higher than that reported for the general US child population. The role of other viral respiratory pathogens has not been studied in this population. YK Delta children <3 years of age hospitalized with respiratory infections and same aged community control children were prospectively enrolled between October 2005 and September 2007. Polymerase chain reaction detection of viruses was performed on nasopharyngeal samples. Characteristics of hospitalized and asymptomatic control children were analyzed. From October 2005 to September 2007, 440 hospitalized and 425 control children were analyzed. Respiratory viruses were detected in 90% (395) of hospitalized children: 194 (44%) rhinovirus, 131 (30%) adenovirus, 102 (23%) RSV, 77 (18%) para influenza viruses (Ply), 66 (15%) human meta-pneumovirus (hMPV), 23 (5%) influenza, and 25 (6%) coronavirus. Fifty-two percent (221) of control children had a virus detected, most commonly rhinovirus (33%), and adenovirus (16%). RSV, Ply, hMPV, and influenza were significantly more common in hospitalized cases than control children, but rhinovirus, adenovirus, and coronavirus were not. RSV and hMPV were associated with higher severity of illness. In this study, RSV remains the most important virus associated with respiratory hospitalization, although hMPV and PIV were also common. RSV and hMPV were associated with more severe illness. Rhinovirus and adenovirus were detected in two-thirds of hospitalized children, but their frequent detection in control children made theirrole in respiratory hospitalization uncertain. J. Med. Virol. 82:1282-1290,2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Singeton, Rosalyn J.; Bulkow, Lisa R.; Miernyk, Karen; DeByle, Carolynn; Hummel, Kimberlee Boyd; Bruden, Dana; Hennessy, Thomas W.] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Singeton, Rosalyn J.; Miernyk, Karen] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Pruitt, Lori] Yukon Kuskokwim Hlth Corp, Bethel, AK USA. [Englund, Janet A.] Univ Washington, Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lucher, Lynne] State Alaska, Div Hlth & Social Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Holman, Robert C.] CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Singeton, RJ (reprint author), CDC, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ris2@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 82 IS 7 BP 1282 EP 1290 DI 10.1002/jmv.21790 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 602XW UT WOS:000278173400027 PM 20513097 ER PT J AU Nelson, ZC Ray, RM Wu, CY Stalsberg, H Porter, P Lampe, JW Shannon, J Horner, N Li, WJ Wang, WW Hu, YW Gao, DL Thomas, DB AF Nelson, Zakia Coriaty Ray, Roberta M. Wu, Chunyuan Stalsberg, Helge Porter, Peggy Lampe, Johanna W. Shannon, Jackilen Horner, Neilann Li, Wenjin Wang, Wenwan Hu, Yongwei Gao, Daoli Thomas, David B. TI Fruit and Vegetable Intakes Are Associated with Lower Risk of Breast Fibroadenomas in Chinese Women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; SELF-EXAMINATION; FEMALE BREAST; BENIGN; DISEASE; SHANGHAI; CANCER; DIET; DISORDERS AB Fibroadenomas are common benign breast conditions among women and account for 50% of breast biopsies performed. Dietary factors are known to influence benign breast conditions in the aggregate, but little is known of their association specifically with fibroadenoma. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the association between dietary and other factors and fibroadenoma risk. A case-control study, nested in a randomized trial of breast self-examination (BSE) in Chinese textile workers in Shanghai, China, was conducted between 1989 and 2000. The study sample included 327 affected women and 1070 controls. Women were administered a FFQ and a questionnaire that elicited reproductive and gynecological history and other information. Odds ratios, as estimates of relative risks, were calculated using multivariate conditional logistic regression. Significant decreasing trends in risk of fibroadenoma were observed with intake of fruits and vegetables and with number of live births, and a reduced risk was also associated with natural menopause, oral contraceptive use, and moderate exercise (walking and gardening). Increased risk of fibroadenoma was associated with heavy physical activity in one's 20s, breast cancer in a first-degree relative, and a history of prior benign breast lumps; and significant increasing trends in risk were observed with numbers of BSE per year and years of education. In conclusion, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and the use of oral contraceptives may reduce risk of fibroadenoma. J. Nutr. 140: 1294 1301, 2010. C1 [Ray, Roberta M.; Wu, Chunyuan; Porter, Peggy; Lampe, Johanna W.; Horner, Neilann; Li, Wenjin; Thomas, David B.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Nelson, Zakia Coriaty] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Stalsberg, Helge] Univ Tromso, Inst Med Biol, N-9035 Tromso, Norway. [Shannon, Jackilen] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Wang, Wenwan; Gao, Daoli] Zhong Shan Hosp, Ctr Canc, Dept Epidemiol, Shanghai 200052, Peoples R China. [Hu, Yongwei] Shi Dong Hosp, Dept Pathol, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM dbthomas@fhcrc.org FU US National Cancer Institute [R01CA75332] FX This study was funded by US National Cancer Institute grant R01CA75332. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 140 IS 7 BP 1294 EP 1301 DI 10.3945/jn.109.119719 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 613IW UT WOS:000278973600014 PM 20484549 ER PT J AU McCanlies, EC Yucesoy, B Mnatsakanova, A Slaven, JE Andrew, M Frye, BL Schuler, CR Kreiss, K Weston, A AF McCanlies, Erin C. Yucesoy, Berran Mnatsakanova, Anna Slaven, James E. Andrew, Michael Frye, Bonnie L. Schuler, Christine R. Kreiss, Kathleen Weston, Ainsley TI Association Between IL-1A Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Chronic Beryllium Disease and Beryllium Sensitization SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; MHC-CLASS-II; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; GENE POLYMORPHISMS; SARCOIDOSIS; CYTOKINE; RISK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HLA-DPB1 AB Objective: To determine if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin (IL) IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-1RN, IL-2, IL-9, and IL-9R were associated with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and beryllium sensitization (BeS). Methods: Forty SNPs in six IL genes were evaluated in 85 individuals with CBD, 61 individuals with BeS, and 730 individuals without BeS or CBD (nonsensitized) using a 5' nuclease polymerase chain reaction assay. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between IL SNPs, CBD, and BeS, adjusting for plant-site and HLA-DPB1(Glu69) in additive, dominant, and recessive inheritance models. Results: IL-1A-1142, IL-1A-3769, and IL-1A-4697 were significantly associated with CBD in both the additive and dominant models compared to individuals with BeS or the nonsensitized. Conclusions: These results indicate that genetic variations in the IL-1A gene may play a role in the development of CBD but not BeS. C1 [McCanlies, Erin C.; Yucesoy, Berran; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Slaven, James E.; Andrew, Michael; Frye, Bonnie L.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Schuler, Christine R.; Kreiss, Kathleen; Weston, Ainsley] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP McCanlies, EC (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, MS L4050,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM eim4@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 52 IS 7 BP 680 EP 684 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181e48ec8 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 622QH UT WOS:000279677800003 PM 20595916 ER PT J AU Hopf, NB Waters, MA Ruder, AM Prince, MM AF Hopf, Nancy B. Waters, Martha A. Ruder, Avima M. Prince, Mary M. TI Development of a Retrospective Job Exposure Matrix for PCB-exposed Workers in Capacitor Manufacturing SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cumulative exposure; Exposure assessment; JEM; Polychlorinated biphenyl ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; MORTALITY AB Development of a Retrospective Job Exposure Matrix for PCB-exposed Workers in Capacitor Manufacturing: Nancy B. HOPF, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluation and Field Studies, Industry-wide Studies Branch, USA Objectives: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are considered probable human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and one congener, PCB126, has been rated as a known human carcinogen. A period-specific job exposure matrix (JEM) was developed for former PCB-exposed capacitor manufacturing workers (n=12,605) (1938-1977). Methods: A detailed exposure assessment for this plant was based on a number of exposure determinants (proximity, degree of contact with PCBs, temperature, ventilation, process control, job mobility). The intensity and frequency of PCB exposures by job for both inhalation and dermal exposures, and additional chemical exposures were reviewed. The JEM was developed in nine steps: (1) all unique jobs (n=1,684) were assessed using (2) defined PCB exposure determinants; (3) the exposure determinants were used to develop exposure profiles; (4) similar exposure profiles were combined into categories having similar PCB exposures; (5) qualitative intensity (high-medium-low-baseline) and frequency (continuous-intermittent) ratings were developed, and (6) used to qualitatively rate inhalation and dermal exposure separately for each category; (7) quantitative intensity ratings based on available air concentrations were developed for inhalation and dermal exposures based on equal importance of both routes of exposure; (8) adjustments were made for overall exposure, and (9) for each category the product of intensity and frequency was calculated, and exposure in the earlier era was weighted. Results: A period-specific JEM modified for two eras of stable PCB exposure conditions. Conclusions: These exposure estimates, derived from a systematic and rigorous use of the exposure determinant data, lead to cumulative PCB exposure-response relationships in the epidemiological cancer mortality and incidence studies of this cohort. (J Occup Health 2010; 52: 199-208) C1 [Hopf, Nancy B.; Waters, Martha A.; Ruder, Avima M.; Prince, Mary M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ind Wide Studies Branch, Washington, DC USA. RP Hopf, NB (reprint author), Inst Univ Romand Sante Travail, Rue Bugnon 21, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM Nancy.Hopf@hospvd.ch RI Waters, Martha/B-7441-2011; Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU JAPAN SOC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PI TOKYO PA 1-29-8 SHINJUKU, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 160, JAPAN SN 1341-9145 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH JI J. Occup. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 52 IS 4 BP 199 EP 208 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 635SL UT WOS:000280676500001 PM 20467200 ER PT J AU Grzywacz, JG Quandt, SA Vallejos, QM Whalley, LE Chen, HY Isom, S Barr, DB Arcury, TA AF Grzywacz, Joseph G. Quandt, Sara A. Vallejos, Quirina M. Whalley, Lara E. Chen, Haiying Isom, Scott Barr, Dana B. Arcury, Thomas A. TI Job Demands and Pesticide Exposure Among Immigrant Latino Farmworkers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Demands-Control model; job stress; pesticides; Latinos; farm work ID EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SAFETY; METABOLITES; MIGRANT; CONTEXT; WORKERS; STRESS; STRAIN AB The goal of this study was to understand the potential threat of job stressors to farmworker health. To accomplish this goal we studied pesticide exposure, an issue with immediate and long-term health consequences, and predictions from the Demands-Control model of occupational stress. Longitudinal, self-report data and urine samples were collected at monthly intervals from a cohort of Latino farmworkers (N = 287) during the 2007 agricultural season. The primary hypothesis was that greater exposure to psychological demands, physical exertion, and hazardous work conditions are associated with greater odds of detecting dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary pesticide metabolites, biomarkers indicating exposure to pesticides. Contrary to this hypothesis, results indicated that none of the elements of the Demands-Control model were independently associated with detection of DAP urinary pesticide metabolites. However, analyses produced several interaction effects, including evidence that high levels of control may buffer the effects of physical job demands on detection of DAP urinary pesticide metabolites. C1 [Grzywacz, Joseph G.; Vallejos, Quirina M.; Whalley, Lara E.; Arcury, Thomas A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Quandt, Sara A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Chen, Haiying; Isom, Scott] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grzywacz, JG (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM grzywacz@wfubmc.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; OI Grzywacz, Joseph/0000-0002-2308-7781 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES008739, R01 ES008739-06, R01-ES008739, R21 ES008739] NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1076-8998 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH PSYCH JI J. Occup. Health Psychol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 BP 252 EP 266 DI 10.1037/a0019303 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Applied SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology GA 622IF UT WOS:000279654400004 PM 20604632 ER PT J AU Guthold, R Cowan, MJ Autenrieth, CS Kann, L Riley, LM AF Guthold, Regina Cowan, Melanie J. Autenrieth, Christine S. Kann, Laura Riley, Leanne M. TI Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Schoolchildren: A 34-Country Comparison SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID SPORTS PARTICIPATION; YOUNG ADOLESCENTS; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; YOUTH; PATTERNS; OBESITY; HEALTH; POPULATION; INACTIVITY; CHINESE AB Objective To describe and compare levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior in schoolchildren from 34 countries across 5 WHO Regions. Study design The analysis included 72,845 schoolchildren from 34 countries that participated in the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) and conducted data collection between 2003 and 2007. The questionnaire included questions on overall physical activity, walking, or biking to school, and on time spent sitting. Results Very few students engaged in sufficient physical activity. Across all countries, 23.8% of boys and 15.4% of girls met recommendations, with the lowest prevalence in Philippines and Zambia (both 8.8%) and the highest in India (37.5%). The prevalence of walking or riding a bicycle to school ranged from 18.6% in United Arab Emirates to 84.8% in China. In more than half of the countries, more than one third of the students spent 3 or more hours per day on sedentary activities, excluding the hours spent sitting at school and doing homework. Conclusions The great majority of students did not meet physical activity recommendations. Additionally, levels of sedentariness were high. These findings require immediate action, and efforts should be made worldwide to increase levels of physical activity among schoolchildren. (J Pediatr 2010; 157: 43-49). C1 [Guthold, Regina; Cowan, Melanie J.; Riley, Leanne M.] WHO, Dept Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Autenrieth, Christine S.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Epidemiol, Neuherberg, Germany. [Kann, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guthold, R (reprint author), 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM gutholdr@who.int NR 45 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 4 U2 29 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 157 IS 1 BP 43 EP U84 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.01.019 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 609II UT WOS:000278649200014 PM 20304415 ER PT J AU Abe, K Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Hall, LR Satten, GA AF Abe, Karon Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Hall, Laura R. Satten, Glen A. TI Late Preterm Birth and Risk of Developing Asthma SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-TERM INFANTS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; GESTATIONAL-AGE; OUTCOMES; CHILDREN; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; HISTORY; WEIGHT; BORN AB Objective To evaluate the association between gestational age at birth (late preterm vs term) and risk for physician-diagnosed asthma. Study design We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) linked natality files. The study included children age 2-83 months from singleton births, born late preterm (n = 537) or term (n = 5650). Using survival analysis, we modeled time to diagnosis of asthma; children with no asthma diagnosis were censored at the age of their survey interview. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for gestational age and asthma risk, adjusting for maternal age, maternal education, parental history of asthma/hay fever, maternal smoking history during pregnancy, race/ethnicity, and sex of the child. Results Adjusted analysis showed that physician-diagnosed asthma was modestly associated with late preterm birth (hazard ratio, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-2.0), but this association was not statistically significant (P=.30). Conclusions Our study found that late preterm birth was not associated with a diagnosis of asthma in early childhood. (J Pediatr 2010; 157: 74-8). C1 [Abe, Karon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mail Stop K-23,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kabe@cdc.gov OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 NR 35 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 157 IS 1 BP 74 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.01.008 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 609II UT WOS:000278649200020 PM 20338577 ER PT J AU Hinton, CF Ojodu, JA Fernhoff, PM Rasmussen, SA Scanlon, KS Hannon, WH AF Hinton, Cynthia F. Ojodu, Jelili A. Fernhoff, Paul M. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Scanlon, Kelley S. Hannon, W. Harry TI Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin B12 Deficiency Detected through Expanded Newborn Screening-United States, 2003-2007 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article AB The incidence of neonatal vitamin B(12) (cobalamin) deficiency because of maternal deficiency was determined by surveying state newborn screening programs. Thirty-two infants with nutritional vitamin B(12) deficiency were identified (0.88/100 000 newborns). Pregnant women should be assessed for their risk of inadequate intake/malabsorption of vitamin B(12). (J Pediatr 2010;157:162-3) C1 [Hinton, Cynthia F.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fernhoff, Paul M.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fernhoff, Paul M.] Emory Univ, Div Med Genet, Dept Human Genet, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ojodu, Jelili A.] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hinton, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ceh9@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 157 IS 1 BP 162 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.03.006 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 609II UT WOS:000278649200038 PM 20400092 ER PT J AU Brownson, RC Parra, DC Dauti, M Harris, JK Hallal, PC Hoehner, C Malta, DC Reis, RS Ramos, LR Ribeiro, IC Soares, J Pratt, M AF Brownson, Ross C. Parra, Diana C. Dauti, Marsela Harris, Jenine K. Hallal, Pedro C. Hoehner, Christine Malta, Deborah Carvalho Reis, Rodrigo S. Ramos, Luiz Roberto Ribeiro, Isabela C. Soares, Jesus Pratt, Michael TI Assembling the Puzzle for Promoting Physical Activity in Brazil: A Social Network Analysis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE collaboration; exercise; partnerships; Latin America ID P-ASTERISK MODELS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; POLICY-MAKERS; COMMUNITY; PARTNERSHIPS; EXPERIENCE; SCIENCE; OBESITY AB Background: Physical inactivity is a significant public health problem in Brazil that may be addressed by partnerships and networks. In conjunction with Project GUIA (Guide for Useful Interventions for Physical Activity in Brazil and Latin America), the aim of this study was to conduct a social network analysis of physical activity in Brazil. Methods: An online survey was completed by 28 of 35 organizations contacted from December 2008 through March 2009. Network analytic methods examined measures of collaboration, importance, leadership, and attributes of the respondent and organization. Results: Leadership nominations for organizations studied ranged from 0 to 23. Positive predictors of collaboration included: south region, GUIA membership, years working in physical activity, and research, education, and promotion/practice areas of physical activity. The most frequently reported barrier to collaboration was bureaucracy. Conclusion: Social network analysis identified factors that are likely to improve collaboration among organizations in Brazil. C1 [Brownson, Ross C.; Parra, Diana C.; Dauti, Marsela] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.; Hoehner, Christine] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Harris, Jenine K.] St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Malta, Deborah Carvalho] Brazil Minist Hlth, Div Situat Anal & Prevent Nontransmissible Dis, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Ramos, Luiz Roberto] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soares, Jesus; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brownson, RC (reprint author), Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Ramos, Luiz/E-5343-2012; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48/DP000060-01] NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S242 EP S252 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800014 PM 20702912 ER PT J AU Gomez, LF Sarmiento, OL Parra, DC Schmid, TL Pratt, M Jacoby, E Neiman, A Cervero, R Mosquera, J Rutt, C Ardila, M Pinzon, JD AF Gomez, Luis F. Sarmiento, Olga L. Parra, Diana C. Schmid, Thomas L. Pratt, Michael Jacoby, Enrique Neiman, Andrea Cervero, Robert Mosquera, Janeth Rutt, Candance Ardila, Mauricio Pinzon, Jose D. TI Characteristics of the Built Environment Associated With Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Adults in Bogota, Colombia: A Multilevel Study SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE urban health; active living; public parks ID HEALTH; WALKING; PREVENTION; LIFE AB Background: Even though there is increasing evidence that the built environment (BE) has an influence on leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), little is known about this relationship in developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the associations between objective built environment characteristics and LTPA. Methods: A cross-sectional multilevel study was conducted in 27 neighborhoods in which 1315 adults aged 18-65 years were surveyed. An adapted version of the IPAQ (long version) was used to assess LTPA. Objective BE characteristics were obtained using Geographic Information Systems. Associations were assessed using multilevel polytomous logistic regression. Results: Compared with inactive people, those who resided in neighborhoods with the highest tertile dedicated to parks (7.4% to 25.2%) were more likely to be regularly active (POR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.13-3.72; P = 0.021). Those who resided in neighborhoods with presence of TransMilenio stations (mass public transportation system) were more likely to be irregularly active (POR = 1.27,95% CI = 1.07-1.50, P = 0.009) as compared with inactive people. Conclusions: These findings showed that park density and availability of TransMilenio stations at neighborhood level are positively associated with LTPA. Public health efforts to address physical inactivity should consider the potential influences of urban planning and mass public transportation systems on health. C1 [Gomez, Luis F.; Mosquera, Janeth] Fdn FES Social, Div Salud, Bogota, Colombia. [Gomez, Luis F.] Univ Javeriana, Fac Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Schmid, Thomas L.; Pratt, Michael; Neiman, Andrea; Rutt, Candance] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jacoby, Enrique] Pan Amer World Hlth Org, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, Dept Healthy Eating & Act Living, Washington, DC USA. [Cervero, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pinzon, Jose D.] Corp Univ Ctr Ciudad, Ctr Estudios Urbanos, Bogota, Colombia. RP Gomez, LF (reprint author), Fdn FES Social, Div Salud, Bogota, Colombia. RI Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231 NR 31 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 15 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S196 EP S203 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800009 PM 20702907 ER PT J AU Hallal, PC Reis, RS Parra, DC Hoehner, C Brownson, RC Simoes, EJ AF Hallal, Pedro C. Reis, Rodrigo S. Parra, Diana C. Hoehner, Christine Brownson, Ross C. Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Association Between Perceived Environmental Attributes and Physical Activity Among Adults in Recife, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE motor activity; developing countries; environment and public health; safety ID NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENT; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; WALKING; INTERVENTIONS; VALIDITY; BARRIERS AB Background: To evaluate the association between perceived environmental factors and leisure-time and transport-related physical activity. Methods: A random-digit-dialing telephone cross-sectional survey in Recife, Brazil, was conducted among individuals aged 16 years or older (n = 2046). Leisure-time and transport-related physical activity were measured using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Three outcome variables were used: leisure-time physical activity (min/wk), transport-related physical activity (min/wk), and walking for leisure (min/wk). A cutoff of 150 min/wk was used for all outcome variables. The environmental module of the questionnaire was based on the short version of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (A-NEWS), and included 12 environmental items. Results: The proportions of subjects reaching the 150-minutes per week threshold were 30.6% for leisure-time physical activity, 26.6% for transport-related physical activity and 18.2% for walking for leisure. Lack of sidewalks and low access to recreational facilities were associated with a lower likelihood of performing 150 minutes per week or more of leisure-time physical activity. Lack of sidewalks was associated with low levels of walking for leisure. Neighborhood aesthetics was inversely associated with transport-related physical activity. Conclusions: Lack of sidewalks and low access to recreational facilities were predictors of low levels of leisure-time physical activity, suggesting that policy strategies aimed at improving these environmental features may be warranted. C1 [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Hoehner, Christine; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hallal, PC (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. RI Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48/DP000060-01] NR 30 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 8 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S213 EP S222 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800011 PM 20702909 ER PT J AU Hallal, PC Gomez, LF Parra, DC Lobelo, F Mosquera, J Florindo, AA Reis, RS Pratt, M Sarmiento, OL AF Hallal, Pedro C. Fernando Gomez, Luis Parra, Diana C. Lobelo, Felipe Mosquera, Janeth Florindo, Alex A. Reis, Rodrigo S. Pratt, Michael Sarmiento, Olga L. TI Lessons Learned After 10 Years of IPAQ Use in Brazil and Colombia SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Review DE motor activity; questionnaires; developing countries; epidemiologic measurement ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; 12-COUNTRY RELIABILITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PREVENTION; VALIDITY; SYSTEM AB Background: To describe the lessons learned after 10 years of use of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in Brazil and Colombia, with special emphasis on recommendations for future research in Latin America using this instrument. Methods: We present an analytical commentary, based on data from a review of the Latin American literature, as well as expert consultation and the authors' experience in administering IPAQ to over 43,000 individuals in Brazil and Colombia between 1998 and 2008. Results: Validation studies in Latin America suggest that the IPAQ has high reliability and moderate criteria validity in comparison with accelerometers. Cognitive interviews suggested that the occupational and housework sections of the long IPAQ lead to confusion among respondents, and there is evidence that these sections generate overestimated scores of physical activity. Because the short IPAQ considers the 4 physical activity domains altogether, people tend to provide inaccurate answers to it as well. Conclusions: Use of the leisure-time and transport sections of the long IPAQ is recommended for surveillance and studies aimed at documenting physical activity levels in Latin America. Use of the short IPAQ should be avoided, except for maintaining consistency in surveillance when it has already been used at baseline. C1 [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Fernando Gomez, Luis; Mosquera, Janeth] Fdn FES Social, Hlth Div, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC WHO Collaborating Ctr Phys Act & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Florindo, Alex A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Phys Act Sci, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. RP Hallal, PC (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. RI Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865 NR 31 TC 92 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 13 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S259 EP S264 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800016 PM 20702914 ER PT J AU Hallal, PC Parra, DC Azevedo, MR Pratt, M Brownson, RC AF Hallal, Pedro C. Parra, Diana C. Azevedo, Mario R. Pratt, Michael Brownson, Ross C. TI Research on Physical Activity and Health: Where Is Latin America? SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID BRAZIL C1 [Hallal, Pedro C.; Azevedo, Mario R.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hallal, PC (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. RI Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S129 EP S130 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800001 PM 20702899 ER PT J AU Hoehner, C Soares, J Parra, DC Ribeiro, IC Pratt, M Bracco, M Hallal, PC Brownson, RC AF Hoehner, Christine Soares, Jesus Parra, Diana C. Ribeiro, Isabela C. Pratt, Michael Bracco, Mario Hallal, Pedro C. Brownson, Ross C. TI Physical Activity Interventions in Latin America: What Value Might Be Added by Including Conference Abstracts in a Literature Review? SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Review DE exercise; community intervention; grey literature; systematic review; Brazil ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; BRAZIL AB Background: This review assessed whether conference abstracts yield useful information on the types and effectiveness of community-based physical activity (PA) interventions in Latin America, beyond that from interventions included in a recent systematic review of peer-reviewed literature. Methods: Abstracts from 9 conferences were searched for community-based interventions to promote PA in Latin America and summarized. Three reviewers classified and screened abstracts. Evaluated interventions that were not included in the previous review were assessed. Results: Search of abstracts from 31 proceedings of 9 conferences identified 87 abstracts of studies on community-based interventions focused on increasing PA. Only 31 abstracts reported on studies with a control group and an outcome related to PA. Ten of these abstracts represented interventions that had not been included in the previous review of peer-reviewed literature, but the abstracts were insufficient in number or detail to make a practice recommendation for any single intervention. Conclusions: This review highlighted the challenges and low added value of including conference abstracts in a systematic review of community PA interventions in Latin America. Stronger evaluation design and execution and more published reports of evaluated interventions are needed to build an evidence base supporting interventions to increase PA in Latin America. C1 [Hoehner, Christine; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Soares, Jesus; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bracco, Mario] Lab Aptidao Fis Sao Caetano Sul, Ctr Estudos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Phys Act Sci, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. RP Hoehner, C (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RI Bracco, Mario/F-1432-2011; Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015 OI Bracco, Mario/0000-0003-4757-3730; Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48-DP000060-01] NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S265 EP S278 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800017 PM 20702915 ER PT J AU Knuth, AG Malta, DC Cruz, DK Castro, AM Fagundes, J Sardinha, LM Gosch, CS Simoes, EJ Hallal, PC AF Knuth, Alan G. Malta, Deborah C. Cruz, Danielle K. Castro, Adriana M. Fagundes, Janaina Sardinha, Luciana M. Gosch, Cristiane Scolari Simoes, Eduardo J. Hallal, Pedro C. TI Description of the Countrywide Physical Activity Network Coordinated by the Brazilian Ministry of Health: 2005-2008 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE health promotion; motor activity; public health; public health practice AB Background: Based on the Brazilian National Health Promotion Policy (PNPS), the Ministry of Health (MoH) started stimulating and funding physical activity interventions in 2005, leading to the establishment of a countrywide network. The aim of the present article is to geographically describe this network (2005-2008) and to present structure and process evaluation indicators of interventions funded in 2006 and 2007. Methods: In 2005, the 27 state capitals received funding for carrying out physical activity-related interventions. From 2006 onwards, public calls for proposals were announced, and cities were selected through a competitive basis. Coordinators of interventions in cities who got funding in 2006 and 2007 answered to survey questions on structure and process aspects of the interventions. Results: The network currently comprises 469 projects, out of which over 60% are carried out in small cities (<30,000 inhabitants). The most frequently used public spaces for the interventions are squares and indoor sports courts. The main physical activity-related topic of the PNPS prioritized in the projects is healthy diet. The main partnerships developed are between City's Health and Education Secretariats. Conclusion: Expanding the network to 1000 cities by 2010 and continuing the evaluation efforts are the next goals of the Brazilian MoH. C1 [Knuth, Alan G.; Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Malta, Deborah C.; Cruz, Danielle K.; Castro, Adriana M.; Fagundes, Janaina; Sardinha, Luciana M.; Gosch, Cristiane Scolari] Brazilian Minist Hlth, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Knuth, AG (reprint author), Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. RI Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S253 EP S258 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800015 PM 20702913 ER PT J AU Pratt, M Brownson, RC Ramos, LR Malta, DC Hallal, PC Reis, RS Parra, DC Simoes, EJ AF Pratt, Michael Brownson, Ross C. Ramos, Luiz Roberto Malta, Deborah Carvalho Hallal, Pedro C. Reis, Rodrigo S. Parra, Diana C. Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Project GUIA: A Model for Understanding and Promoting Physical Activity in Brazil and Latin America SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHRONIC DISEASES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; COUNTRIES C1 [Pratt, Michael; Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.; Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Ramos, Luiz Roberto] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Malta, Deborah Carvalho] Brazil Minist Hlth, Div Situat Anal & Prevent Nontransmissible Dis, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Pratt, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Ramos, Luiz/E-5343-2012; Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S131 EP S134 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800002 PM 20702900 ER PT J AU Reis, RS Hallal, PC Parra, DC Ribeiro, IC Brownson, RC Pratt, M Hoehner, CM Ramos, L AF Reis, Rodrigo S. Hallal, Pedro C. Parra, Diana C. Ribeiro, Isabela C. Brownson, Ross C. Pratt, Michael Hoehner, Christine M. Ramos, Luiz TI Promoting Physical Activity Through Community-Wide Policies and Planning: Findings From Curitiba, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE community research; Latin America; program evaluation; health promotion ID ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS; CHRONIC DISEASES; HEALTH; INACTIVITY; WALKING; ADULTS; INCOME AB Background: Community programs have been suggested to be an important and promising strategy for physical activity (PA) promotion. Limited evidence is available regarding knowledge of and participation in these programs in Latin America. Objective: To describe participation in and knowledge of community PA programs and to explore associations with leisure-time PA in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Methods: A cross sectional telephone survey was conducted among adults in Curitiba, Brazil (n = 2097). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine levels of PA, and specific questions were used to evaluate the extent to which respondents knew about or participated in the programs conducted by the municipality. Logistic regression was used to assess the meeting of PA recommendations in leisure time based on program knowledge and participation. Results: Knowledge of PA programs was high (91.6%) and 5.6% of population participated in the programs. After adjusting for individual characteristics, exposure to Curitiba's PA community programs was associated with leisure-time PA (POR = 2.9, 95% CI = 2.9-3.0) and walking for leisure (POR = 2.4; 95% CI = 2.3-2.4). The associations were stronger among men than among women. Conclusions: Knowledge and participation in Curitiba's community PA programs were associated with meeting recommended levels of PA in leisure time. C1 [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Dept Phys Educ, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.; Hoehner, Christine M.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ramos, Luiz] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Reis, RS (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Dept Phys Educ, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RI Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012 OI Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865 NR 41 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S137 EP S145 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800004 PM 20702902 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, IC Torres, A Parra, DC Reis, R Hoehner, C Schmid, TL Pratt, M Ramos, LR Simoes, EJ Brownson, RC AF Ribeiro, Isabela C. Torres, Andrea Parra, Diana C. Reis, Rodrigo Hoehner, Christine Schmid, Thomas L. Pratt, Michael Ramos, Luiz R. Simoes, Eduardo J. Brownson, Ross C. TI Using Logic Models as Iterative Tools for Planning and Evaluating Physical Activity Promotion Programs in Curitiba, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE GUIA; community-based research; program evaluation; health promotion; Latin America ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES AB Background: The Guide for Useful Interventions for Activity in Brazil and Latin America (GUIA), a systematic review of community-based physical activity (PA) interventions in Latin American literature, selected the CuritibAtiva program for a comprehensive evaluation. We describe the process of developing logic models (LM) of PA community interventions from Curitiba, Brazil, and discuss influential factors. Methods: The year-long process included engaging stakeholders involved in the promotion of PA in Curitiba, working with stakeholders to describe the programs and their goals, and developing LMs for the 2 main secretaries promoting PA in the city. Results & Conclusions: As a result of stakeholder interviews and discussion and the development of the LMs, local officials are coordinating programming efforts and considering ways the programs can be more complementary. The process has prompted program managers to identify overlapping programs, refine program goals, and identify gaps in programming. It also helped to frame evaluation questions, identify data sources, describe realistic outcomes, and reinforce the importance of intersectoral alliances for public health impact. Developing LMs proved to be feasible in the Latin American context, therefore adaptable and useful for other PA promotion programs in the region. C1 [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Torres, Andrea; Schmid, Thomas L.; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Reis, Rodrigo] Pontific Catholic Univ Parana, Dept Phys Educ, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Hoehner, Christine; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Ramos, Luiz R.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ribeiro, IC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Ramos, Luiz/E-5343-2012; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48/DP000060-01] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S155 EP S162 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800006 PM 20702904 ER PT J AU Sarmiento, O Torres, A Jacoby, E Pratt, M Schmid, TL Stierling, G AF Sarmiento, Olga Torres, Andrea Jacoby, Enrique Pratt, Michael Schmid, Thomas L. Stierling, Gonzalo TI The Ciclovia-Recreativa: A Mass-Recreational Program With Public Health Potential SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; evidence-based research; environment ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; INTERVENTIONS; PROMOTION; LESSONS; WALKING; BOGOTA; POLICY AB Background: The Ciclovia-Recreativa is a free, community-based program in which streets are closed temporarily to motorized transport, allowing access to walkers, runners, rollerbladers, and cyclists only. We assessed existing information about the Ciclovia as a public health strategy and proposed next steps for research and public health practice. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed and other literature, which was complemented by expert interviews and consultation. Results: We reviewed 38 Ciclovias from 11 countries. Most programs (84.2%) take place in urban settings. The programs range from 18-64 events per year (54 +/- 24.6; 52 [mean +/- standard deviation; median]) with events lasting from 2-12 hours (6 +/- 2.4; 6). The length of the streets ranges from 1-121 km (14.6 +/- 22.1; 7), and the estimated number of participants per event ranges from 60-1,000,000 persons (61,203 +/- 186,668; 3810). Seventy-one percent of the programs include physical activity classes and in 89% of the Ciclovias, the streets are connected with parks. Conclusions: Ciclovias have potential for positive public health outcomes, but evidence on their effectiveness is limited. The different stages of new and established programs offer a unique opportunity for transnational studies aimed at assessing their public health impact. C1 [Sarmiento, Olga] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Torres, Andrea; Schmid, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jacoby, Enrique] Pan Amer World Hlth Org, Dept Healthy Eating & Act Living, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, Washington, DC USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stierling, Gonzalo] CicloRecreoVia, Club Deportivo, Providencia, Chile. RP Sarmiento, O (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. NR 48 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 7 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S163 EP S180 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800007 PM 20702905 ER PT J AU Sarmiento, OL Schmid, TL Parra, DC Diaz-del-Castillo, A Gomez, LF Pratt, M Jacoby, E Pinzon, JD Duperly, J AF Sarmiento, Olga L. Schmid, Thomas L. Parra, Diana C. Diaz-del-Castillo, Adriana Fernando Gomez, Luis Pratt, Michael Jacoby, Enrique Pinzon, Jose D. Duperly, John TI Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Built Environment Characteristics Among Colombian Adults SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE parks; transportation; recreation; quality of life ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; PUBLIC-HEALTH; NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENT; RESEARCH AGENDA; URBAN SPRAWL; MORTALITY; COMMUNITY; OBESITY; WALKING; BOGOTA AB Background: Studies assessing the association between health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) with physical activity (PA) and built environment (BE) characteristics are limited. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,334 adults from Bogota, to assess the associations between HR-QOL with PA and BE characteristics. HR-QOL was measured using the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention instruments. PA was measured using the International PA Questionnaire. BE characteristics included the dimensions of density, diversity, design, and access to mass-transit. Analysis included multilevel modeling. Results: Adults who reported meeting PA recommendations and participating in the Ciclovia were more likely to have a high mean score of HR-QOL and were more likely to perceive their health status as good/excellent. Adults who reported biking for transportation were more likely to have a high mean score of HR-QOL. Regarding BE characteristics, land-use heterogeneity was associated with HR-QOL, perceived good health status and being positive about the future. Park density was associated with HR-QOL, perceived health status good/excellent and being positive about the future. Mass-transit stations availability was negatively associated with HR-QOL. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that HR-QOL is associated with PA and BE characteristics among adults in an urban setting of the developing world. C1 [Sarmiento, Olga L.; Diaz-del-Castillo, Adriana; Duperly, John] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Duperly, John] Fdn Santa Fe Bogota, Dept Internal Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Schmid, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parra, Diana C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Fernando Gomez, Luis] Fdn FES Social, Div Salud, Bogota, Colombia. [Jacoby, Enrique] Pan Amer World Hlth Org, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, Dept Healthy Eating & Act Living, Washington, DC USA. [Pinzon, Jose D.] Univ Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Sch Urban Design, Bogota, Colombia. RP Sarmiento, OL (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Bogota, Colombia. RI Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231 NR 66 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S181 EP S195 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800008 PM 20702906 ER PT J AU Soares, J Simoes, EJ Ramos, LR Pratt, M Brownson, RC AF Soares, Jesus Simoes, Eduardo J. Ramos, Luiz Roberto Pratt, Michael Brownson, Ross C. TI Cross-Sectional Associations of Health-Related Quality of Life Measures With Selected Factors: A Population-Based Sample in Recife, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE quality of life; environment; physical activity; health promotion ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SELF-REPORTED WEIGHT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SPORTS-MEDICINE; US POPULATION; RATED HEALTH; ADULTS; VALIDITY; RECOMMENDATION AB Background: We used data from a random telephone survey of 2045 adults in Recife, Brazil to investigate the associations of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with selected factors. Methods: We generated odds ratios of 4 HRQoL measures (perception of overall health, mentally unhealthy days, physically unhealthy days, and physically and mentally unhealthy days impeding usual activities) by levels of environmental factors (number of destinations, neighborhood aesthetics, neighborhood crime safety, neighborhood traffic interference, and neighborhood walkability), physical activity behavior, and participation in the Academia da Cidade Program (ACP). Results: Perception of overall health was associated with age, gender, education, body mass index (BMI) level, chronic disease, and having heard or seen an ACP activity. Mentally unhealthy days were associated with age, sex, BMI level, neighborhood aesthetics, and neighborhood crime safety. Physically unhealthy days were associated with age, sex, chronic diseases, leisure time physical activity, and neighborhood crime safety, and neighborhood traffic interference. Physically and mentally unhealthy days impeding usual activities were associated with chronic disease neighborhood crime safety, and traffic interference. Conclusions: The associations of HRQoL with environmental factors and health promoting programs may have public health policy implications and highlight the need for additional research into HRQoL in Brazil. C1 [Soares, Jesus; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ramos, Luiz Roberto] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Soares, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Ramos, Luiz/E-5343-2012 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000060]; PHS HHS [U48/DO000060-01] NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 SU 2 BP S229 EP S241 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 632TQ UT WOS:000280451800013 PM 20702911 ER PT J AU Payne, GH Fang, J Fogle, CC Oser, CS Wigand, DA Theisen, V Farris, RP AF Payne, Gayle H. Fang, Jing Fogle, Crystelle C. Oser, Carrie S. Wigand, Debra A. Theisen, Velma Farris, Rosanne P. TI Stroke Awareness: Surveillance, Educational Campaigns, and Public Health Practice SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE evaluation; program effectiveness; stroke awareness campaigns ID WARNING SIGNS; RISK-FACTORS; KNOWLEDGE; PROJECT; LITERACY; CHILDREN AB Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. However, there is limited public knowledge about stroke signs and symptoms and the importance of seeking immediate medical care. Educational efforts such as stroke awareness campaigns are one way of informing the public about stroke symptoms and the need for early medical treatment following their onset. In this article, we present recent surveillance data concerning public awareness of stroke symptoms; summarize findings from 12 studies of the effectiveness of stroke awareness campaigns; and describe the efforts by three states to develop, implement, and evaluate heart disease and stroke programs, and the lessons to be learned from their experiences. C1 [Payne, Gayle H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Dev & Translat, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ne Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Fang, Jing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Surveillance Branch, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fogle, Crystelle C.; Oser, Carrie S.] Montana Dept Publ Hlth & Human Serv, Montana Cardiovasc Hlth Program, Helena, MT USA. [Wigand, Debra A.] Marine CDC DHHS, Chron Dis Div, Augusta, ME USA. [Theisen, Velma] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent Unit, Lansing, MI USA. [Farris, Rosanne P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Dev & Evaluat, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Payne, GH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Mail Stop K-03,4770 Buford HWY, Ne Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM GPayne@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 345 EP 358 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181c8cb79 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 605UM UT WOS:000278372500011 PM 20520374 ER PT J AU Eyler, AA Brownson, RC Aytur, SA Cradock, AL Doescher, M Evenson, KR Kerr, J Maddock, J Pluto, DL Steinman, L Tompkins, NO Troped, P Schmid, TL AF Eyler, Amy A. Brownson, Ross C. Aytur, Semra A. Cradock, Angie L. Doescher, Mark Evenson, Kelly R. Kerr, Jacqueline Maddock, Jay Pluto, Delores L. Steinman, Lesley Tompkins, Nancy O'Hara Troped, Philip Schmid, Thomas L. TI Examination of Trends and Evidence-Based Elements in State Physical Education Legislation: A Content Analysis SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE physical education; physical activity; policy; evidence-based legislation; schools ID POLICY; GIRLS AB METHODS: State PE legislation from January 2001 to July 2007 was identified using a legislative database. Analysis included components of evidence-based school PE from the Community Guide and other authoritative sources: minutes in PE, PE activity, teacher certification, and an environmental element, including facilities and equipment. Researchers abstracted information from each bill and a composite list was developed. RESULTS: In total, 781 bills were analyzed with 162 enacted. Of the 272 bills that contained at least 1 evidence-based element, 43 were enacted. Only 4 bills included all 4 evidence-based elements. Of these 4, 1 was enacted. Funding was mentioned in 175 of the bills introduced (37 enacted) and an evaluation component was present in 172 of the bills (49 enacted). CONCLUSIONS: Based on this analysis, we showed that PE is frequently introduced, yet the proportion of bills with evidence-based elements is low. Future research is needed to provide the types of evidence required for development of quality PE legislation. C1 [Eyler, Amy A.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Siteman Canc Ctr, Sch Med, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Aytur, Semra A.; Evenson, Kelly R.] Univ N Carolina, Bank Amer Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Cradock, Angie L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Harvard Prevent Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Doescher, Mark; Steinman, Lesley] Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Kerr, Jacqueline] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Maddock, Jay] Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Pluto, Delores L.] Off Youth Serv, Dept Educ, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Tompkins, Nancy O'Hara] W Virginia Univ, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Troped, Philip] Purdue Univ, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Schmid, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DHHS CDC CCHP NCCDPHP DNPAO PAHB, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Eyler, AA (reprint author), Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, 660 S Euclid,Campus Box 8109, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM aeyler@wustl.edu; rbrownson@wustl.edu; Aytur@email.unc.edu; acradock@hsph.harvard.edu; mdoesche@u.washington.edu; kelly_evenson@unc.edu; jkerr@ucsd.edu; jmaddock@hawaii.edu; dpluto@ed.sc.gov; lesles@u.washington.edu; ntompkins@hsc.wvu.edu; ptroped@purdue.edu; tls4@cdc.gov RI Maddock, Jason/A-9226-2008 OI Maddock, Jason/0000-0002-1119-0300 NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 80 IS 7 BP 326 EP 332 PG 7 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 608FC UT WOS:000278567300002 PM 20591097 ER PT J AU Alriksson-Schmidt, AI Armour, BS Thibadeau, JK AF Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I. Armour, Brian S. Thibadeau, Judy K. TI Are Adolescent Girls With a Physical Disability at Increased Risk for Sexual Violence? SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE child abuse and neglect; children with disabilities; public health ID ABUSE; CHILDREN; WOMEN; MALTREATMENT; PREVALENCE; HEALTH AB METHODS: Using data from the 2005 U.S. National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), we employed logistic regression analyses to estimate the association between physical disability (and other variables) and the risk for sexual violence among US high school girls. RESULTS: Female high school students who reported a physical disability or long-term health problem were more likely to report having been physically forced to have sexual intercourse than those who did not (19.6% vs 9.4%;chi 2 = 14.51, p = .003). Results from our multivariate analysis reveal that this association remained significant (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.23) after adjusting for certain demographic characteristics, physical health problems, behavioral health risks, and violent conduct. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that adolescent girls in the United States with a physical disability or long-term health problem may be at increased risk for sexual violence. It is important that national efforts to reduce sexual violence consider how to address the unmet needs of children and adolescents with disabilities. As most adolescent girls spend the majority of their time in a school setting, it is of particular importance that school health professionals are aware of the current findings. C1 [Alriksson-Schmidt, Ann I.; Armour, Brian S.; Thibadeau, Judy K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Alriksson-Schmidt, AI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sax3@cdc.gov; bka9@cdc.gov; csn2@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 80 IS 7 BP 361 EP 367 PG 7 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 608FC UT WOS:000278567300007 PM 20591102 ER PT J AU Fontana, M Zero, DT Beltran-Aguilar, ED Gray, SK AF Fontana, Margherita Zero, Domenick T. Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio D. Gray, Shellie Kolavic TI Techniques for assessing tooth surfaces in school-based sealant programs SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Sealants; caries; cavitated lesions; noncavitated lesions; detection; assessment; occlusal surfaces ID LIGHT-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CARIES IN-VITRO; DENTAL-CARIES; OCCLUSAL CARIES; FISSURE CARIES; PERMANENT TEETH; LESION ACTIVITY; ICDAS-II; PERFORMANCE; DIAGNOSIS AB Background. The authors reviewed the evidence supporting current guidelines for the detection of cavitated carious lesions. Currently, cavitation is the point at which sealants are not placed in school-based programs. Types of Studies Reviewed. The authors did not perform a formal systematic review. However, they examined existing systematic reviews of caries detection and diagnosis, including those presented at the 2001 National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference on Management of Caries, published evidence related to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria and other peer-reviewed publications. Where the authors found ambiguity or uncertainty in the evidence, they consulted with fellow members of an expert work group. Results. Visual examination is appropriate and adequate for caries assessment before placing sealants. The clinician should not use an explorer under force. Radiographs are not indicated solely for the placement of sealants, and the use of magnification and caries detection devices is not necessary to determine cavitation. Clinical Implications. This report focuses on tooth assessment, in particular the detection of carious lesion cavitation in school-based sealant programs. These recommendations must be balanced with the dentist's expertise, available treatment options, the patient's preferences and access to care. C1 [Fontana, Margherita] Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zero, Domenick T.] Indiana Univ, Oral Hlth Res Inst, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Zero, Domenick T.] Indiana Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Prevent & Community Dent, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gray, Shellie Kolavic] Northrop Grumman, Publ Hlth Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fontana, M (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, 1011 N Univ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM Mfontan@umich.edu OI Fontana, Margherita/0000-0003-2357-7534 NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 141 IS 7 BP 854 EP 860 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 624SZ UT WOS:000279842600015 PM 20592405 ER PT J AU Tsai, JCH Liang, YW Pearson, WS AF Tsai, Jeffrey Che-Hung Liang, Yia-Wun Pearson, William S. TI Utilization of Emergency Department in Patients With Non-urgent Medical Problems: Patient Preference and Emergency Department Convenience SO JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE convenience; emergency department; non-urgent cases; patient preference ID NONURGENT EMERGENCY; PATIENTS PERSPECTIVE; CARE; ACCESS; TRENDS AB Background/Purpose: We investigated the factors associated with emergency department (ED) use among patients with non-urgent medical problems, with a focus on convenience and preference to use the ED instead of primary care clinics. Methods: A five-level triage system was adopted by research nurses to decide each patient's triage level and the maximum time to physician interview. Patients who had a maximum time to physician interview of more than 60 minutes were assumed to be non-urgent in this study. Results: More than half of ED visits were considered to be non-urgent. Non-urgent patients were more likely to be unmarried, government employees, visit the ED due to trauma, have a history of chronic illness, and present in the day time or at the weekend. ED visits were also more likely to occur in patients who took less than 15 minutes to reach the ED, chose the ED for its convenience, agreed that they could have chosen another facility for their visit, did not agree that the ED was convenient for receiving medical care. Multivariate logistic regression showed that marital status, time of presentation, time needed to get to the ED, and occupation were associated with non-urgent ED visits. Conclusions: Preference for using EDs for medical care and their convenience might contribute to non-urgent ED visits. A five-level triage system reliably stratified patients with different admission rates and utilization of medical resources, and could be helpful for reserving limited medical resources for more urgent patients. C1 [Liang, Yia-Wun] Natl Taichung Nursing Coll, Dept Senior Citizen Serv Management, Taichung, Taiwan. [Tsai, Jeffrey Che-Hung] Cheng Ching Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Taichung, Taiwan. [Tsai, Jeffrey Che-Hung] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Pearson, William S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liang, YW (reprint author), Natl Taichung Nursing Coll, Dept Senior Citizen Serv Management, 193 Sect 1,Sanmin Rd, Taichung, Taiwan. EM ywliang@mail.ntcnc.edu.tw NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER TAIWAN PI TAIPEI PA RM N-412, 4F, CHIA HSIN BUILDING 11, NO 96, ZHONG SHAN N ROAD SEC 2, TAIPEI, 10449, TAIWAN SN 0929-6646 J9 J FORMOS MED ASSOC JI J. Formos. Med. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 109 IS 7 BP 533 EP 542 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 632IS UT WOS:000280416800008 PM 20654793 ER PT J AU Giles, WH AF Giles, Wayne H. TI The US perspective: lessons learned from the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Program SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth Giles, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Giles, WH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth Giles, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hwg0@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0141-0768 J9 J ROY SOC MED JI J. R. Soc. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 103 IS 7 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1258/jrsm.2010.100029 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 625IR UT WOS:000279889200008 PM 20522700 ER PT J AU Nelson, KM Thiede, H Hawes, SE Golden, MR Hutcheson, R Carey, JW Kurth, A Jenkins, RA AF Nelson, Kimberly M. Thiede, Hanne Hawes, Stephen E. Golden, Matthew R. Hutcheson, Rebecca Carey, James W. Kurth, Ann Jenkins, Richard A. TI Why the Wait? Delayed HIV Diagnosis among Men Who Have Sex with Men SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE MSM; HIV/AIDS; HIV testing; Delayed diagnosis; Delayed testing ID UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIOR; YOUNG MEN; PREVENTION; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; PROGRAMS; TRIAL AB We sought to identify factors associated with delayed diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; testing HIV-seropositive 6 months or more after HIV seroconversion), by comparing delayed testers to non-delayed testers (persons who were diagnosed within 6 months of HIV seroconversion), in King County, Washington among men who have sex with men (MSM). Participants were recruited from HIV testing sites in the Seattle area. Delayed testing status was determined by the Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion or a self-reported previous HIV-negative test. Quantitative data on sociodemographic characteristics, health history, and drug-use and sexual behaviors were collected via computer-assisted self-interviews. Qualitative semi-structured interviews regarding testing and risk behaviors were also conducted. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with delayed diagnosis. Content analysis was used to establish themes in the qualitative data. Out of the 77 HIV-seropositive MSM in this sample, 39 (51%) had evidence of delayed diagnosis. Factors associated with delayed testing included being African-American, homeless, "out" to 50% or less people about male-male sex, and having only one sex partner in the past 6 months. Delayed testers often cited HIV-related sickness as their reason for testing and fear and wanting to be in denial of their HIV status as reasons for not testing. Delayed testers frequently did not identify as part of the MSM community, did not recognize that they were at risk for HIV acquisition, and did not feel a responsibility to themselves or others to disclose their HIV status. This study illustrates the need to further explore circumstances around delayed diagnosis in MSM and develop outreach methods and prevention messages targeted specifically to this potentially highly marginalized population in order to detect HIV infections earlier, provide HIV care, and prevent new infections. C1 [Nelson, Kimberly M.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thiede, Hanne; Hutcheson, Rebecca] Dept Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Hawes, Stephen E.; Kurth, Ann] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Carey, James W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kurth, Ann] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Jenkins, Richard A.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kurth, Ann] NYU, Coll Nursing, New York, NY USA. RP Nelson, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM knelson6@u.washington.edu RI Kurth, Ann/A-1615-2013; OI /0000-0001-8893-5764 NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 642 EP 655 DI 10.1007/s11524-010-9434-8 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 622SZ UT WOS:000279687100012 PM 20186493 ER PT J AU Byams, VR Beckman, MG Grant, AM Parker, CS AF Byams, Vanessa R. Beckman, Michele G. Grant, Althea M. Parker, Christopher S. TI Developing a Public Health Research Agenda for Women with Blood Disorders SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SICKLE-CELL DISEASE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; PREGNANCY; THROMBOPHILIA; MENORRHAGIA; THROMBOSIS; POSTPARTUM; RISK AB Bleeding and clotting in women is an issue that directly affects the life of every woman, child, and family worldwide. This article summarizes recent activities undertaken by the Division of Blood Disorders (DBD) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify risk factors through evidence-based research and surveillance to prevent complications of blood disorders in women. Specific focus is given to our efforts to improve early identification and diagnosis of blood disorders among women, improve our understanding of maternal and infant outcomes, and develop surveillance systems to monitor the prevalence and incidence of these events. C1 [Byams, Vanessa R.; Beckman, Michele G.; Grant, Althea M.; Parker, Christopher S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Byams, VR (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbyams@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2010 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1234 DI 10.1089/jwh.2010.2127 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 619KJ UT WOS:000279428800001 PM 20575677 ER PT J AU Miller, A Siffel, C Correa, A AF Miller, Assia Siffel, Csaba Correa, Adolfo TI Residential Mobility During Pregnancy: Patterns and Correlates SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Residential mobility; Pregnancy; Birth defects; Surveillance; Geographic information systems (GIS); Misclassification; Exposure ID CONGENITAL CARDIAC ANOMALIES; HAZARDOUS-WASTE SITES; BIRTH-DEFECTS; EXPOSURE MISCLASSIFICATION; MATERNAL SMOKING; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; WOMEN AB Information on patterns and correlates of residential mobility can be important in studies of environmental factors and birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe residential mobility patterns and possible sociodemographic correlates of residential mobility among pregnant women. We obtained information on 656 mothers of infants with birth defects (cases) and 335 mothers of infants without birth defects (controls) from the geocoded dataset of the Birth Defects Risk Factor Surveillance Study, a case-control study conducted in Atlanta, Georgia, from 1993 through 1997. Using geographic information techniques, we measured distances mothers moved between residential addresses, and evaluated the proportion of moves and movement patterns by trimester. We used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate possible correlates of residential mobility for case and control mothers, including race, age, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, smoking, parity, and pregnancy planning. About 22% of women moved during pregnancy and most of them moved during the second trimester (11.9%), with no variation by case-control status. Among mothers who moved 51% moved within the same county. Pregnant women were more likely to move if they were younger (20-24 years, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.12-5.42; a parts per thousand yen30 years: reference), did not plan their pregnancy (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.18-2.34), and smoked (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01-2.12). For these associations with mother's residential mobility, there were no appreciable confounding or effect modification effects by case-control status. In studies of pregnancy outcomes and potential environmental exposures based on residence at the time of delivery, residential mobility during pregnancy may not vary by case-control status, but it still needs to be considered as a possible source of exposure misclassification. Accounting for potential case-control differences in correlates of residential mobility could be useful in minimizing potential non-differential misclassification. C1 [Miller, Assia; Siffel, Csaba; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Miller, Assia] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Miller, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mailstop E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM amiller@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 14 IS 4 BP 625 EP 634 DI 10.1007/s10995-009-0492-z PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 620CU UT WOS:000279477400016 PM 19568920 ER PT J AU Vetter, SM Eisen, RJ Schotthoefer, AM Montenieri, JA Holmes, JL Bobrov, AG Bearden, SW Perry, RD Gage, KL AF Vetter, Sara M. Eisen, Rebecca J. Schotthoefer, Anna M. Montenieri, John A. Holmes, Jennifer L. Bobrov, Alexander G. Bearden, Scott W. Perry, Robert D. Gage, Kenneth L. TI Biofilm formation is not required for early-phase transmission of Yersinia pestis SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID STORAGE HMS(+) PHENOTYPE; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; PLAGUE EPIZOOTICS; PIGMENTATION PHENOTYPE; XENOPSYLLA-CHEOPIS; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; UNBLOCKED FLEAS; PRAIRIE DOGS; SIPHONAPTERA AB Early-phase transmission (EPT) is a recently described model of plague transmission that explains the rapid spread of disease from flea to mammal host during an epizootic. Unlike the traditional blockage-dependent model of plague transmission, EPT can occur when a flea takes its first blood meal after initially becoming infected by feeding on a bacteraemic host. Blockage of the flea gut results from biofilm formation in the proventriculus, mediated by the gene products found in the haemin storage (hms) locus of the Yersinia pestis chromosome. Although biofilms are required for blockage-dependent transmission, the role of biofilms in EPT has yet to be determined. An artificial feeding system was used to feed Xenopsylla cheopis and Oropsylla montana rat blood spiked with the parental Y. pestis strain KIM5(pCD1)+, two different biofilm-deficient mutants (Delta hmsT, Delta hmsR), or a biofilm-overproducer mutant (Delta hmsP). Infected fleas were then allowed to feed on naive Swiss Webster mice for 1-4 days after infection, and the mice were monitored for signs of infection. We also determined the bacterial loads of each flea that fed upon naive mice. Biofilm-defective mutants transmitted from X. cheopis and O. montana as efficiently as the parent strain, whereas the EPT efficiency of fleas fed the biofilm-overproducing strain was significantly less than that of fleas fed either the parent or a biofilm-deficient strain. Fleas infected with a biofilm-deficient strain harboured lower bacterial loads 4 days post-infection than fleas infected with the parent strain. Thus, defects in biofilm formation did not prevent flea-borne transmission of Y. pestis in our EPT model, although biofilm overproduction inhibited efficient EPT. Our results also indicate, however, that biofilms may play a role in infection persistence in the flea. C1 [Vetter, Sara M.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Schotthoefer, Anna M.; Montenieri, John A.; Holmes, Jennifer L.; Bearden, Scott W.; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Enter & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bobrov, Alexander G.; Perry, Robert D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Microbiol Mol Genet & Immunol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RP Vetter, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Enter & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM SVetter@cdc.gov FU American Society for Microbiology Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 AI025098-20] FX We thank Jacqueline Fetherston, PhD, for construction of mutant strains, and Kristen Van Wyk for excellent technical assistance with serology. This research was partially funded through an American Society for Microbiology Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID) post-doctoral fellowship, and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01 AI025098-20. NR 56 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUL PY 2010 VL 156 BP 2216 EP 2225 DI 10.1099/mic.0.037952-0 PN 7 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 631EH UT WOS:000280328900030 PM 20395271 ER PT J AU Kardous, CA Murphy, WJ AF Kardous, Chucri A. Murphy, William J. TI Noise control solutions for indoor firing ranges SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUND-TRANSMISSION; POROUS MATERIALS; INSULATION; DOORS AB Peak sound pressure level measurements conducted at indoor firing ranges ranged from 157-168 decibels (dB). Exposure to high-intensity impulsive noise during target shooting at indoor firing ranges has been identified as a significant contributor to noise-induced hearing loss among shooters. In addition, firing ranges that are constructed with adjacent areas or housed within a larger building structure require minimal sound transmission to occur outside the firing range. Several principles of noise control engineering can be applied to improve the absorption of impulse noise inside the firing ranges and limit the transmission of such impulses to adjacent areas and spaces. Although little can be done to control the direct exposure of shooters to the firing of their own firearms, several noise control solutions are presented to reduce the secondary exposure off reflected surfaces and from other shooters. This paper will provide a general overview of noise control solutions aimed to improve sound absorption inside the firing range and reduce the transmission of airborne and structural-borne sounds to adjacent areas and facilities. (C) 2010 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 [Kardous, Chucri A.; Murphy, William J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kardous, CA (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ckardous@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING PI AMES PA IOWA STATE UNIV, COLLEGE ENGINEERING, 212 MARSTON HALL, AMES, IA 50011-2152 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG J JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 58 IS 4 BP 345 EP 356 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 662BN UT WOS:000282781700001 ER PT J AU Menacker, F MacDorman, MF Declercq, E AF Menacker, Fay MacDorman, Marian F. Declercq, Eugene TI Neonatal Mortality Risk for Repeat Cesarean Compared to Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Deliveries in the United States, 1998-2002 Birth Cohorts EDITORIAL COMMENT SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Menacker, Fay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Dept, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Menacker, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 65 IS 7 BP 426 EP 427 DI 10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181e5f1fc PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 642VO UT WOS:000281249300009 ER PT J AU Declercq, E MacDorman, MF Menacker, F Stotland, N AF Declercq, Eugene MacDorman, Marian F. Menacker, Fay Stotland, Naomi TI Characteristics of Planned and Unplanned Home Births in 19 States SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERINATAL-MORTALITY RATES; HOSPITAL BIRTHS; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the differences in the characteristics of mothers having planned and unplanned home births that occurred at home in a 19-state reporting area in the United States in 2006. METHODS: Data are from the 2006 U. S. vital statistics natality file. Information on whether a home birth was planned or unplanned was available from 19 states, representing 49% of all home births nationally. Data were examined by maternal age, race or ethnicity, education, marital status, live birth order, birthplace of mother, gestational age, prenatal care, smoking status, state, population of county of residence, and birth attendant. We could not identify planned home births that resulted in a transfer to the hospital. RESULTS: Of the 11,787 home births with planning status recorded in the 19 states studied here, 9,810 (83.2%) were identified as planned home births. The proportion of all births that occurred at home that were planned varied from 54% to 98% across states. Unplanned home births are more likely to involve mothers who are non-white, younger, unmarried, foreign-born, smokers, not college-educated, and with no prenatal care. Unplanned home births are also more likely to be preterm and to be attended by someone who is neither a doctor nor a midwife and is listed as either "other" or " unknown." CONCLUSION: Planned and unplanned home births differ substantially in characteristics, and distinctions need to be drawn between the two in subsequent analyses. (Obstet Gynecol 2010;116:93-9) C1 [Stotland, Naomi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reprod Stat Branch, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Stotland, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 1001 Potrero Ave,6D-1, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM stotlandn@obgyn.ucsf.edu FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX Dr. Declercq's research is supported by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 116 IS 1 BP 93 EP 99 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 613RU UT WOS:000278998600015 PM 20567173 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Fiore, A Kamimoto, L Nowell, M Reingold, A Gershman, K Meek, J Hadler, J Arnold, KE Ryan, P Lynfield, R Morin, C Baumbach, J Zansky, S Bennett, NM Thomas, A Schaffner, W Kirschke, D Finelli, L AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Fiore, Anthony Kamimoto, Laurie Nowell, Mackenzie Reingold, Arthur Gershman, Ken Meek, James Hadler, James Arnold, Kathryn E. Ryan, Patricia Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Baumbach, Joan Zansky, Shelley Bennett, Nancy M. Thomas, Ann Schaffner, William Kirschke, David Finelli, Lyn CA Emerging Infections Program EIP Ne TI Influenza-Associated Pneumonia in Children Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza, 2003-2008 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; pneumonia; hospitalization ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; OUTPATIENT VISITS; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; IMMUNIZATION; PREVENTION; ILLNESS; INFANTS; BURDEN AB Background: Pneumonia is one of the most common complications in children hospitalized with influenza. We describe hospitalized children with influenza-associated pneumonia and associated risk indicators. Methods: Through Emerging Infections Program Network population-based surveillance, children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza with a chest radiograph during hospitalization were identified during the 2003-2008 influenza seasons. A case with radiologically confirmed influenza-associated pneumonia was defined as a child from the surveillance area hospitalized with: (1) laboratory-confirmed influenza and (2) evidence of new pneumonia on chest radiograph during hospitalization. Hospitalized children with pneumonia were compared with those without pneumonia by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Overall, 2992 hospitalized children with influenza with a chest radiograph were identified; 1072 (36%) had influenza-associated pneumonia. When compared with children hospitalized with influenza without pneumonia, hospitalized children with influenza-associated pneumonia were more likely to require intensive care unit admission (21% vs. 11%, P < 0.01), develop respiratory failure (11% versus 3%, P < 0.01), and die (0.9% vs. 0.3% P = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, age 6 to 23 months (adjusted OR: 2.1, CI: 1.6-2.8), age 2 to 4 years (adjusted OR: 1.7, CI: 1.3-2.2), and asthma (adjusted OR: 1.4, CI: 1.1-1.8) were significantly associated with influenza-associated pneumonia. Conclusions: Hospitalized children with influenza-associated pneumonia were more likely to have a severe clinical course than other hospitalized children with influenza, and children aged 6 months to 4 years and those with asthma were more likely to have influenza-associated pneumonia. Identifying children at greater risk for influenza-associated pneumonia will inform prevention and treatment strategies targeting children at risk for influenza complications. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Fiore, Anthony; Kamimoto, Laurie; Nowell, Mackenzie; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Gershman, Ken] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Meek, James; Hadler, James] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Monroe Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Schaffner, William; Kirschke, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov RI Chen, Chien Ku/C-6128-2008 NR 28 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 29 IS 7 BP 585 EP 590 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d411c5 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 618JL UT WOS:000279348900001 PM 20589966 ER PT J AU Shetty, S Cohen, AL Edmond, K Ojo, L Loo, J O'Loughlin, R Hajjeh, R AF Shetty, Sharmila Cohen, Adam L. Edmond, Karen Ojo, Linda Loo, Jennifer O'Loughlin, Rosalyn Hajjeh, Rana TI A Systematic Review and Critical Evaluation of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Type B Disease Burden Studies in Asia From the Last Decade Lessons Learned for Invasive Bacterial Disease Surveillance SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Haemophilus influenzae type b; Asia; surveillance; disease burden ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CHILDHOOD MENINGITIS; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; SAUDI-ARABIA; HIB DISEASE; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; SINGAPORE CHILDREN; CONJUGATE VACCINE; KOREAN CHILDREN AB In Asia, questions regarding the burden of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease have delayed decision-making on introduction of Hib vaccine. However, over the past decade many studies have been published regarding Hib disease burden in Asia. We conducted a systematic literature review of all reports of Hib disease burden in Asia between 1998 and 2009, and critically reviewed their methods and data quality. We identified 94 studies from 28 countries in Asia presenting data on Hib disease burden. Of the 94 studies reviewed, 49 (52%) used a case definition consistent with World Health Organization standards, and 47 (50%) described laboratory methodology used. Twenty-seven surveillance studies presented data on incidence of Hib disease, with 8 (30%) accounting for missed cases, 6 (15%) accounting for cases with missed diagnostic tests, and 2 (7%) that considered prior antibiotic use. Of the 21 studies that provided incidence data for Hib meningitis, 10 (48%) used active, prospective, population-based surveillance, and found unadjusted incidence rates of Hib meningitis ranging from a low of 0.98 per 100,000 child-years in children aged less than 5 years in China to a high of 28 per 100,000 child-years in children less than 5 years in Mongolia. Of 49 studies that reported the etiology of bacterial meningitis, 30 (60%) identified Hib as the most common cause. This review highlights the importance of using rigorous methodologies, including standardized surveillance methods and appropriate laboratory diagnostic tests, when conducting studies measuring the burden of invasive bacterial diseases including those caused by Hib. When poorly conducted, studies can underestimate disease burden and lead to inappropriate decisions about vaccine introduction. C1 [Shetty, Sharmila] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cohen, Adam L.; Ojo, Linda; Loo, Jennifer; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edmond, Karen; O'Loughlin, Rosalyn] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. RP Shetty, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acq1@cdc.gov NR 90 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 29 IS 7 BP 653 EP 661 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d3ce19 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 618JL UT WOS:000279348900015 PM 20168264 ER PT J AU Carlson, SA Fulton, JE Lee, SM Foley, JT Heitzler, C Huhman, M AF Carlson, Susan A. Fulton, Janet E. Lee, Sarah M. Foley, John T. Heitzler, Carrie Huhman, Marian TI Influence of Limit-Setting and Participation in Physical Activity on Youth Screen Time SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE television; parenting; physical activity; adolescents ID SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS; CHILDREN; TELEVISION; MEDIA; ADOLESCENTS; INTERVENTION; ASSOCIATION; CAMPAIGN; PLAY AB OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations of demographics, rules associated with television-viewing, and physical activity with daily screen time (including television, non-school-related computer use, and video games) in children and adolescents. METHODS: We analyzed data from a telephone survey of 7415 youth aged 9 to 15 years from the Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Survey. We used logistic regression models to calculate odds of exceeding recommended screen-time limits (>120 minutes/day) according to demographics, rules, and physical activity. RESULTS: Odds that children would exceed recommended screen-time limits were positively associated with age and black race/ethnicity and negatively associated with income level. Children and adolescents who reported that they really agreed that their parents had rules about time spent watching television and playing video games were less likely to exceed recommended limits than those who strongly disagreed that their parents had rules. Similarly, when parents reported always or very often having limits on television watching (versus rarely or never) and when parents correctly identified the recommended limits, children were less likely to exceed recommended limits. Children whose parents reported consistent limits and who themselves reported consistent rules about time spent watching television had the lowest prevalence of exceeding recommended limits. Odds that children would exceed recommended limits decreased as physical activity in the previous week increased. CONCLUSIONS: Parental rules regarding screen time and participation in physical activity play a role in the amount of screen time among children and adolescents. Programs that encourage limit-setting by parents and promote physical activity may reduce screen time among youth. Pediatrics 2010; 126: e89-e96 C1 [Carlson, Susan A.; Fulton, Janet E.; Lee, Sarah M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Foley, John T.] SUNY Coll Cortland, Dept Phys Educ, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Heitzler, Carrie] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Huhman, Marian] Univ Illinois, Dept Commun, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Carlson, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mail Stop K-46, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM scarlson1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 7 U2 17 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 BP E89 EP E96 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3374 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 619LF UT WOS:000279431000035 PM 20547642 ER PT J AU Klein, NP Fireman, B Yih, WK Lewis, E Kulldorff, M Ray, P Baxter, R Hambidge, S Nordin, J Naleway, A Belongia, EA Lieu, T Baggs, J Weintraub, E AF Klein, Nicola P. Fireman, Bruce Yih, W. Katherine Lewis, Edwin Kulldorff, Martin Ray, Paula Baxter, Roger Hambidge, Simon Nordin, James Naleway, Allison Belongia, Edward A. Lieu, Tracy Baggs, James Weintraub, Eric CA Vaccine Safety Datalink TI Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella Combination Vaccine and the Risk of Febrile Seizures SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE measles; varicella; seizures; vaccine; fever ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVERSE EVENTS; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; SAFETY DATALINK; PERTUSSIS; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; QUADRIVALENT AB OBJECTIVE: In February 2008, we alerted the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to preliminary evidence of a twofold increased risk of febrile seizures after the combination measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine when compared with separate measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and varicella vaccines. Now with data on twice as many vaccine recipients, our goal was to reexamine seizure risk after MMRV vaccine. METHODS: Using 2000-2008 Vaccine Safety Datalink data, we assessed seizures and fever visits among children aged 12 to 23 months after MMRV and separate MMR + varicella vaccines. We compared seizure risk after MMRV vaccine to that after MMR + varicella vaccines by using Poisson regression as well as with supplementary regressions that incorporated chart-review results and self-controlled analyses. RESULTS: MMRV vaccine recipients (83 107) were compared with recipients of MMR + varicella vaccines (376 354). Seizure and fever significantly clustered 7 to 10 days after vaccination with all measles-containing vaccines but not after varicella vaccination alone. Seizure risk during days 7 to 10 was higher after MMRV than after MMR + varicella vaccination (relative risk: 1.98 [95% confidence interval: 1.43-2.73]). Supplementary analyses yielded similar results. The excess risk for febrile seizures 7 to 10 days after MMRV compared with separate MMR + varicella vaccination was 4.3 per 10 000 doses (95% confidence interval: 2.6-5.6). CONCLUSIONS: Among 12- to 23-month-olds who received their first dose of measles-containing vaccine, fever and seizure were elevated 7 to 10 days after vaccination. Vaccination with MMRV results in 1 additional febrile seizure for every 2300 doses given instead of separate MMR + varicella vaccines. Providers who recommend MMRV should communicate to parents that it increases the risk of fever and seizure over that already associated with measles-containing vaccines. Pediatrics 2010;126:e1-e8 C1 [Klein, Nicola P.; Fireman, Bruce; Lewis, Edwin; Ray, Paula; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Yih, W. Katherine; Kulldorff, Martin; Lieu, Tracy] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Yih, W. Katherine; Kulldorff, Martin; Lieu, Tracy] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Hambidge, Simon] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO USA. [Nordin, James] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Baggs, James; Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klein, NP (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM nicola.klein@kp.org RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Merck Co; Novartis; GlaxoSmithKline; Wyeth; Sanofi-Pasteur; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Drs Klein and Baxter have reported research support from Merck & Co, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Wyeth, and Sanofi-Pasteur; the other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; This study was supported by the VSD contract with America's Health Insurance Plans, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 119 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 BP E1 EP E8 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-0665 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 619LF UT WOS:000279431000024 PM 20587679 ER PT J AU Panozzo, CA Stockman, LJ Curns, AT Anderson, LJ AF Panozzo, Catherine A. Stockman, Lauren J. Curns, Aaron T. Anderson, Larry J. TI Use of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Surveillance Data to Optimize the Timing of Immunoprophylaxis SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE RSV; respiratory syncytial virus; NREVSS; seasonality; palivizumab; bronchiolitis; immunoprophylaxis ID UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; PREMATURE-INFANTS; CHILDREN; HOSPITALIZATION; PALIVIZUMAB; INFECTION; EPIDEMICS; VACCINES; FLORIDA AB OBJECTIVE: For children in the United States who are at high risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends administering immunoprophylaxis during the RSV season. We present an approach to using surveillance data to help guide application of AAP recommendations for immunoprophylaxis to local patterns of RSV outbreaks. METHODS: We analyzed data from laboratories that report consistently to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System from 1992 to 2007. Local RSV seasons were defined and an immunoprophylaxis schedule was determined by using the median onset dates from each laboratory during 2002-2007. We applied these dates to 10 preceding years of RSV detection data. We compared how well the 5-year median-based method and a fixed date method were able to match the timing of immunoprophylaxis to the RSV season. RESULTS: Nineteen laboratories met our inclusion criteria and generally experienced only 1 RSV outbreak per season. Five years of data gave similar median onset/offset dates and season duration, as did 10 years and 15 years of data. The 5-year median schedule increased the number of seasons that children were protected at the season onset by 15% compared with a fixed start date of November 1 and identified communities that experienced RSV seasons with extended durations. CONCLUSIONS: The 5-year median method can be used to characterize timing of RSV seasons and optimally apply the current AAP recommendations for timing of palivizumab prophylaxis to the local community. Pediatrics 2010; 126: e116-e123 C1 [Panozzo, Catherine A.; Stockman, Lauren J.; Curns, Aaron T.; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stockman, LJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bgu8@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 BP E116 EP E123 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-3221 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 619LF UT WOS:000279431000038 PM 20547651 ER PT J AU Pilishvili, T Zell, ER Farley, MM Schaffner, W Lynfield, R Nyquist, AC Vazquez, M Bennett, NM Reingold, A Thomas, A Jackson, D Schuchat, A Whitney, CG AF Pilishvili, Tamar Zell, Elizabeth R. Farley, Monica M. Schaffner, William Lynfield, Ruth Nyquist, Ann-Christine Vazquez, Marietta Bennett, Nancy M. Reingold, Arthur Thomas, Ann Jackson, Delois Schuchat, Anne Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Risk Factors for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children in the Era of Conjugate Vaccine Use SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE pneumococcal infections; pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; risk factors ID SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; INFECTIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; SURVEILLANCE; INFANTS; IMPACT; ALASKA AB OBJECTIVE: We conducted a case-control study to evaluate risk factors for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children who were aged 3 to 59 months in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). METHODS: IPD cases were identified through routine surveillance during 2001-2004. We matched a median of 3 control subjects to each case patient by age and zip code. We calculated odds ratios for potential risk factors for vaccine-type and non-vaccine-type IPD by using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: We enrolled 782 case patients (45% vaccine-type IPD) and 2512 matched control subjects. Among children who received any PCV7, children were at increased risk for vaccine-type IPD when they had underlying illnesses, were male, or had no health care coverage. Vaccination with PCV7 did not influence the risk for non-vaccine-type IPD. Presence of underlying illnesses increased the risk for non-vaccine-type IPD, particularly among children who were not exposed to household smoking. Non-vaccine-type case patients were more likely than control subjects to attend group child care, be male, live in low-income households, or have asthma; case patients were less likely than control subjects to live in households with other children. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination with PCV7 has reduced the risk for vaccine-type IPD that is associated with race and group child care attendance. Because these factors are still associated with non-vaccine-type IPD risk, additional reductions in disparities should be expected with new, higher valency conjugate vaccines. Pediatrics 2010;126:e9-e17 C1 [Pilishvili, Tamar; Zell, Elizabeth R.; Jackson, Delois; Schuchat, Anne; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Nyquist, Ann-Christine] Childrens Hosp, Aurora, CO USA. [Vazquez, Marietta] Yale Univ, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP Pilishvili, T (reprint author), CDC Mail Stop C-23,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpilishvili@cdc.gov FU Wyeth; CDC's Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; CDC; National Vaccine Program Office FX Dr Schaffner has received a consulting fee from Wyeth and is a member of the Safety Evaluation Committee for experimental vaccine trials for Merck; Dr Bennett has served on Adult Vaccine Advisory Boards for Wyeth and Merck; the other authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; Funding for the study was provided by the CDC's Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group, the CDC's Emerging Infections Program, and the National Vaccine Program Office. NR 35 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2010 VL 126 IS 1 BP E9 EP E17 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2150 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 619LF UT WOS:000279431000025 PM 20547641 ER PT J AU Bilheimer, LT AF Bilheimer, Linda T. TI Evaluating Metrics to Improve Population Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Bilheimer, LT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lbilheimer@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 AR A69 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SC UT WOS:000208158700002 PM 20550827 ER PT J AU Hall, IJ Johnson-Turbes, CA Williams, KN AF Hall, Ingrid J. Johnson-Turbes, C. Ashani Williams, Kymber N. TI The Potential of Black Radio to Disseminate Health Messages and Reduce Disparities SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Radio stations that target African American audiences ("black radio") reach a national African American audience daily, making black radio an ideal medium for health promotion and disparities reduction in the African American community. Black radio can be used to communicate public health messages and to recruit African Americans into public health research. C1 [Hall, Ingrid J.; Williams, Kymber N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson-Turbes, C. Ashani] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hall, IJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ihall@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 AR A87 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SC UT WOS:000208158700020 PM 20550845 ER PT J AU Jakubowski, B Frumkin, H AF Jakubowski, Benjamin Frumkin, Howard TI Environmental Metrics for Community Health Improvement SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Environmental factors greatly affect human health. Accordingly, environmental metrics are a key part of the community health information base. We review environmental metrics relevant to community health, including measurements of contaminants in environmental media, such as air, water, and food; measurements of contaminants in people (biomonitoring); measurements of features of the built environment that affect health; and measurements of "upstream" environmental conditions relevant to health. We offer a set of metrics (including unhealthy exposures, such as pollutants, and health-promoting assets, such as parks and green space) selected on the basis of relevance to health outcomes, magnitude of associated health outcomes, corroboration in the peerreviewed literature, and data availability, especially at the community level, and we recommend ways to use these metrics most effectively. C1 [Jakubowski, Benjamin; Frumkin, Howard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Frumkin, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-61, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM haf6@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 AR A76 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SC UT WOS:000208158700009 PM 20550834 ER PT J AU Li, J Zhao, GX Pollack, LA Smith, JL Joseph, DA AF Li, Jun Zhao, Guixiang Pollack, Lori A. Smith, Judith Lee Joseph, Djenaba A. TI Use of the Prostate-Specific Antigen Test Among Men Aged 75 Years or Older in the United States: 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction In 2008, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated prostate cancer screening guidelines to recommend against screening for prostate cancer in men aged 75 years or older. We describe the prevalence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in this population and identify factors that may be correlated with the use of this test. Methods Data came from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We assessed the status of PSA testing in the past year among 9,033 US men aged 76 or older who had no history of prostate cancer. We conducted descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses to assess associations of PSA testing with certain sociodemographic and psychosocial factors. Results Overall, 60% of men aged 76 or older reported having PSA test in the past year. Men who had health insurance, were satisfied with life, or always had emotional support were significantly more likely to report having a PSA test in the past year. However, men who had no routine health checkup; were divorced, widowed, or separated; or had less than a high school education were significantly less likely to report having had a PSA test. Conclusion PSA testing is common among men aged 75 or older in the United States. Certain sociodemographic and psychosocial factors were associated with receipt of this test. This study may not only provide baseline data to evaluate acceptance and implementation of the USPSTF screening guidelines but may also help physicians and public health providers better understand these sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in this population. C1 [Li, Jun; Zhao, Guixiang; Pollack, Lori A.; Smith, Judith Lee; Joseph, Djenaba A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa2@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 AR A84 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SC UT WOS:000208158700017 PM 20550842 ER PT J AU Noonan, CW Williamson, DM Henry, JP Wagner, L Marrie, RA AF Noonan, Curtis W. Williamson, Dhelia M. Henry, Judy P. Wagner, Laurie Marrie, Ruth Ann TI The Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in 3 US Communities: The Role of Vitamin D [Response to Letter] SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Letter C1 [Noonan, Curtis W.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Williamson, Dhelia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henry, Judy P.; Wagner, Laurie] Texas Dept Hlth, Austin, TX 78756 USA. [Marrie, Ruth Ann] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Noonan, CW (reprint author), Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RI Noonan, Curtis/B-2198-2015 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 7 IS 4 AR A90 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20SC UT WOS:000208158700023 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Croft, JB Balluz, LS Mokdad, AH AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Croft, Janet B. Balluz, Lina S. Mokdad, Ali H. TI Prevalence of self-reported clinically diagnosed sleep apnea according to obesity status in men and women: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Sleep apnea; Obesity; Body mass index; Waist circumference; Adults; Prevalence ID GENDER-DIFFERENCES; ASSOCIATION; MANIFESTATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HYPERTENSION; POPULATION; MECHANISMS; STROKE; ADULTS AB Objective. To estimate the prevalence of self-reported clinically diagnosed sleep apnea (diagnosed sleep apnea) according to body mass index (BMI, measure of total obesity) and waist circumference (measure of abdominal obesity) in US adults. Methods. Data from a representative sample of 4309 US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005-2006 were analyzed. Log-linear regression analyses with a robust variance estimator were performed to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. The overall crude and age-adjusted prevalence estimates of diagnosed sleep apnea were 4.7% (95% CI = 4.0%-5.5%) and 4.5% (95% CI = 3.9%-5.2%) in adults. Age-adjusted prevalence in men (6.1%, 95% CI = 5.0%-7.3%) was higher than that in women (3.1%, 95% CI = 2.1%-4.0%; P<0.01). Age-adjusted prevalence was higher for persons with total obesity (i.e., BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) (12.1% vs. 3.0% in men, P<0.01; 7.0% vs. 0.7% in women, P<0.01) or abdominal obesity (10.9% vs. 1.9% in men, P<0.01: 4.6% vs. 0.6% in women, P<0.01) than that for those without total obesity (BMI <30 kg/m(2)) or without abdominal obesity. Conclusions. These results from a nationally representative sample suggest that diagnosed sleep apnea is highly prevalent among adults with obesity in the general population, especially among men. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Behav Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Behav Surveillance Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 51 IS 1 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.016 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 615SR UT WOS:000279157600003 PM 20381517 ER PT J AU Diack, AB Will, RG Brandel, JP Haik, S Tagliavini, F Van Duijn, C Belay, ED Shieh, WJ Gambetti, P Schonberger, LB Manson, JC AF Diack, Abigail B. Will, Robert G. Brandel, Jean-Philippe Haik, Stephane Tagliavini, Fabrizio Van Duijn, Cornelia Belay, Ermias D. Shieh, Wun-Ju Gambetti, Pierluigi Schonberger, Lawrence B. Manson, Jean C. TI A Common Strain of Agent is Present in Variant CJD Cases from Five Different Countries SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE variant CJD; strains C1 [Diack, Abigail B.; Manson, Jean C.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. [Will, Robert G.] Western Gen Hosp, Natl CJD Surveillance Unit, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland. [Brandel, Jean-Philippe; Haik, Stephane] Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, APHPCellule Natl Reference Malad Creutzfeld Jakob, Paris, France. [Tagliavini, Fabrizio] Ist Nazl Neurol Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. [Van Duijn, Cornelia] Erasmus Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Belay, Ermias D.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gambetti, Pierluigi] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pathol, Natl Prion Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Brandel, Jean-Philippe; Haik, Stephane] UPMC Paris, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm UMRS 975, CRicm, Paris, France. [Diack, Abigail B.; Manson, Jean C.] Univ Edinburgh, RDSVS, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 J9 PRION JI Prion PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 151 EP 152 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 702CN UT WOS:000285872300107 ER PT J AU Holman, RC Belay, ED Maddox, RA Folkema, AM Minino, AM Hammett, TA Sejvar, JJ Kochanek, KD Schonberger, LB AF Holman, Robert C. Belay, Ermias D. Maddox, Ryan A. Folkema, Arianne M. Minino, Arialdi M. Hammett, Teresa A. Sejvar, James J. Kochanek, Kenneth D. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in the United States 2003-2007 SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; United States; epidemiology; mortality C1 [Holman, Robert C.; Belay, Ermias D.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Hammett, Teresa A.; Sejvar, James J.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.; Kochanek, Kenneth D.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 J9 PRION JI Prion PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 702CN UT WOS:000285872300125 ER PT J AU Maddox, RA Holman, RC Folkema, AM Gambetti, P Zou, WQ Minino, AM Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Maddox, Ryan A. Holman, Robert C. Folkema, Arianne M. Gambetti, Pierluigi Zou, Wen-Quan Minino, Arialdi M. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Among Blacks in the United States, 1994-2007 SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE CJD; epidemiology C1 [Maddox, Ryan A.; Holman, Robert C.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gambetti, Pierluigi; Zou, Wen-Quan] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pathol, Natl Pr Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 J9 PRION JI Prion PD JUL-SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 702CN UT WOS:000285872300131 ER PT J AU Dean, HD Fenton, KA AF Dean, Hazel D. Fenton, Kevin A. TI ADDRESSING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH IN THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HIV/AIDS, VIRAL HEPATITIS, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, AND TUBERCULOSIS SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIV PREVENTION; UNITED-STATES C1 [Dean, Hazel D.; Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dean, HD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, MS E-07,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HDean@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 SU 4 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QT UT WOS:000278672900001 PM 20629250 ER PT J AU Sharpe, TT Harrison, KM Dean, HD AF Sharpe, Tanya Telfair Harrison, Kathleen McDavid Dean, Hazel D. TI Summary of CDC Consultation to Address Social Determinants of Health for Prevention of Disparities in HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and Tuberculosis SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HIV; NETWORKS; AIDS; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; LITERACY; SPREAD AB In December 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened a meeting of national public health partners to identify priorities for addressing social determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), viral hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and tuberculosis (TB). The consultants were divided into four working groups: (1) public health policy, (2) data systems, (3) agency partnerships and prevention capacity building, and (4) prevention research and evaluation. Groups focused on identifying top priorities; describing activities, methods, and metrics to implement priorities; and identifying partnerships and resources required to implement priorities. The meeting resulted in priorities for public health policy, improving data collection methods, enhancing existing and expanding future partnerships, and improving selection criteria and evaluation of evidence-based interventions. CDC is developing a national communications plan to guide and inspire action for keeping social determinants of HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis, STDs, and TB in the forefront of public health activities. C1 [Sharpe, Tanya Telfair; Harrison, Kathleen McDavid; Dean, Hazel D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sharpe, TT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, MS E-07,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsharpe@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 SU 4 BP 11 EP 15 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QT UT WOS:000278672900004 PM 20626189 ER PT J AU Winscott, M Taylor, M Kenney, K AF Winscott, Michelle Taylor, Melanie Kenney, Kerry TI Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Indians in Arizona: An Important Public Health Disparity SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ALASKA NATIVES; CLINICS; YOUTH; STATE; WOMEN; US AB Objective. We conducted an analysis of rates, geographic distribution, and time to treatment of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and early syphilis (ES) among Arizona American Indians (AIs) to address racial disparities affecting this group. Methods. We used the Arizona Department of Health Services' sexually transmitted disease (STD) surveillance database to identify STD cases and calculate rates among AIs in Arizona from 2003 to 2007. We mapped AI ES cases reported during that time frame by reported resident ZIP code, calculated days elapsed from specimen collection to initial treatment, and compared rates and time to treatment for AIs with those of non-Hispanic white (NHW) individuals. Results. Annual Arizona AI STD rates for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and ES from 2003 to 2007 ranged from 2.7 to 7.8 times those of NHW people. During the same time period, the annual rates for all three STDs among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years were also higher among AIs and ranged from 2.0 to 14.8 times those of NHW individuals. The majority of cases for ES reported ZIP codes located in the northeastern and southern central portions of the state. The median time to treatment in AI populations was significantly longer than in NHW populations for chlamydia and gonorrhea, but not for ES. Conclusions. High rates of STDs have been identified among Ads in certain regions of Arizona. Additionally, there are significant delays in treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia. STD prevention and education programs that prioritize this health disparity and promote expeditious screening, diagnosis, and treatment are needed. C1 [Winscott, Michelle] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off HIV STD & Hepatitis Serv, STD Control Program, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Taylor, Melanie; Kenney, Kerry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Winscott, M (reprint author), Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off HIV STD & Hepatitis Serv, STD Control Program, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. EM winscom@azdhs.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1H25PS001385-01] FX This article was supported by Cooperative Agreement #1H25PS001385-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 SU 4 BP 51 EP 60 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QT UT WOS:000278672900009 PM 20626193 ER PT J AU Johnson, AS Hu, XH Dean, HD AF Johnson, Anna Satcher Hu, Xiaohong Dean, Hazel D. TI Epidemiologic Differences Between Native-Born and Foreign-Born Black People Diagnosed with HIV Infection in 33 US States, 2001-2007 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE DATA; HIV/AIDS; IMMIGRANTS; HEALTH; IMPACT; REDISTRIBUTION; BEHAVIORS; TRENDS AB Objective. Few studies have examined the extent to which foreign-born people contribute to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among non-Hispanic black people in the U.S. We sought to determine differences in the epidemiology of HIV infection among native- and foreign-born black people, using data from the national HIV surveillance system of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Methods. We estimated the number of HIV infections among black adults and adolescents diagnosed from 2001 to 2007 in 33 U.S. states. We compared annual HIV diagnosis rates, distributions of demographic characteristics and HIV-transmission risk factors, late diagnoses of HIV infection, and survival after an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosis for native- and foreign-born black people. Results. From 2001 to 2007, an estimated 100,013 black adults and adolescents were diagnosed with HIV infection in 33 U.S. states, for which country-of-birth information was available. Of these, 11.7% were foreign-born, with most from the Caribbean (54.1%) and Africa (41.5%). Annual HIV diagnoses decreased by 5.5% per year (95% confidence interval [CI] -5.9, -5.0) among native-born black people. Decreases were small among foreign-born black people (-1.3%; 95% Cl -2.6, -0.1), who were more likely to be female, have HIV infection attributable to high-risk heterosexual contact, be diagnosed with AIDS within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, and survive one year and three years after an AIDS diagnosis. Conclusions. The epidemiology of HIV infection differs for foreign-born black individuals compared with their native-born counterparts in the U.S. These data can be used to develop culturally appropriate and relevant HIV-prevention interventions. C1 [Johnson, Anna Satcher; Hu, Xiaohong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dean, Hazel D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Johnson, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, MS E-47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ats5@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 SU 4 BP 61 EP 69 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QT UT WOS:000278672900010 PM 20626194 ER PT J AU Miner, MC Burns-Grant, G DeGraw, C Wallace, C Pozsik, C Jereb, J AF Miner, Mark C. Burns-Grant, Gail DeGraw, Charles Wallace, Charles Pozsik, Carol Jereb, John TI Integrated Preparedness for Continuity of Tuberculosis Care After Hurricanes Gustav and Ike: Louisiana and Texas, 2008 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Miner, Mark C.; Burns-Grant, Gail; Jereb, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeGraw, Charles] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, New Orleans, LA USA. [Wallace, Charles] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, TB Sect, Austin, TX USA. [Pozsik, Carol] Natl TB Controllers Assoc, Smyrna, GA USA. RP Miner, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM akv4@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 518 EP 519 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QR UT WOS:000278672700006 PM 20597450 ER PT J AU Fagan, JL Bertolli, J McNaghten, AD AF Fagan, Jennifer L. Bertolli, Jeanne McNaghten, A. D. TI Understanding People Who Have Never Received HIV Medical Care: A Population-Based Approach SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; INFECTED PERSONS; POSITIVE PERSONS; ENTERING CARE; UNMET NEED; ACCESS; PROVIDERS AB A substantial number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have never received HIV medical care despite the benefits of early entry to care. The United States has no population-based system that can be used to estimate the number of people who have never received HIV care or to monitor the reasons that care is delayed. Although local efforts to describe unmet need and barriers to care have been informative, nationally representative data are needed to increase the number of people who enter care soon after diagnosis. Legal requirements to report all CD4 counts and all HIV viral load levels (indicators of HIV care) in most states now make national estimates of both care entry and non-entry feasible. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and five state and local health department jurisdictions are testing and evaluating methods for a standardized supplemental HIV surveillance system to characterize HIV-infected people across the U.S. who have not entered HIV care after their diagnosis. This article reviews the context, rationale, and potential contributions of a nationally representative surveillance system to monitor delays in receiving HIV care, and provides data from the formative phase of the CDC pilot project. C1 [Fagan, Jennifer L.; Bertolli, Jeanne; McNaghten, A. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fagan, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, MS E-46,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM chx5@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 6 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 520 EP 527 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QR UT WOS:000278672700007 PM 20597451 ER PT J AU Smith, PJ Humiston, SG Parnell, T Vannice, KS Salmon, DA AF Smith, Philip J. Humiston, Sharon G. Parnell, Trish Vannice, Kirsten S. Salmon, Daniel A. TI The Association Between Intentional Delay of Vaccine Administration and Timely Childhood Vaccination Coverage SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; CHILDREN; MEASLES; EXEMPTIONS; INFANTS; ADULTS; RISK AB Objectives. We evaluated the association between intentional delay of vaccine administration and timely vaccination coverage. Methods. We used data from 2,921 parents of 19- to 35-month-old children that included parents' reports of intentional delay of vaccine administration. Timely vaccination was defined as administration with >= 4 doses of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis; >= 3 doses of polio vaccine; >= 1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine; >= 3 doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine; >= 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine; and >= 1 dose of varicella vaccine by 19 months of age, as reported by vaccination providers. Results. In all, 21.8% of parents reported intentionally delaying vaccinations for their children. Among parents who intentionally delayed, 44.8% did so because of concerns about vaccine safety or efficacy and 36.1% delayed because of an ill child. Children whose parents intentionally delayed were significantly less likely to receive all vaccines by 19 months of age than children whose parents did not delay (35.4% vs. 60.1%, p<0.05). Parents who intentionally delayed were significantly more likely to have heard or read unfavorable information about vaccines than parents who did not intentionally delay (87.6% vs. 71.9%, p<0.05). Compared with parents who intentionally delayed only because their child was ill, parents who intentionally delayed only because of vaccine safety or efficacy concerns were significantly more likely to seek additional information about their decision from the Internet (11.4% vs. 1.1%, p<0.05), and significantly less likely to seek information from a doctor (73.9% vs. 93.9%, p<0.05). Conclusions. Intentionally delayed vaccine doses are not uncommon. Children whose parents delay vaccinations may be at increased risk of not receiving all recommended vaccine doses by 19 months of age and are more vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases. Providers should consider strategies such as educational materials that address parents' vaccine safety and efficacy concerns to encourage timely vaccination. C1 [Smith, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Humiston, Sharon G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Emergency Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Parnell, Trish] Parents Kids Infect Dis, Vancouver, WA USA. [Vannice, Kirsten S.; Salmon, Daniel A.] Natl Vaccine Program Off, Washington, DC USA. RP Smith, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS E-62,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pzs6@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health International Maternal and Child Health [T32HD046405] FX Kirsten Vannice was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health International Maternal and Child Health Training Grant T32HD046405. NR 40 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 5 U2 11 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 534 EP 541 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QR UT WOS:000278672700009 PM 20597453 ER PT J AU Davis, WW Parsons, VL Xie, DW Schenker, N Town, M Raghunathan, TE Feuer, EJ AF Davis, William W. Parsons, Van L. Xie, Dawei Schenker, Nathaniel Town, Machell Raghunathan, Trivellore E. Feuer, Eric J. TI State-Based Estimates of Mammography Screening Rates Based on Information from Two Health Surveys SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID INTERVIEW SURVEY; TELEPHONE SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; LIKERT VARIABLES; NONRESPONSE BIAS; BREAST-CANCER; METHODOLOGIES; PATTERNS; COVERAGE; SAMPLES AB Objectives. We compared national and state-based estimates for the prevalence of mammography screening from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and a model-based approach that combines information from the two surveys. Methods. At the state and national levels, we compared the three estimates of prevalence for two time periods (1997-1999 and 2000-2003) and the estimated difference between the periods. We included state-level covariates in the model-based approach through principal components. Results. The national mammography screening prevalence estimate based on the BRFSS was substantially larger than the NHIS estimate for both time periods. This difference may have been due to nonresponse and noncoverage biases, response mode (telephone vs. in-person) differences, or other factors. However, the estimated change between the two periods was similar for the two surveys. Consistent with the model assumptions, the model-based estimates were more similar to the NHIS estimates than to the BRFSS prevalence estimates. The state-level covariates (through the principal components) were shown to be related to the mammography prevalence with the expected positive relationship for socioeconomic status and urbanicity. In addition, several principal components were significantly related to the difference between NHIS and BRFSS telephone prevalence estimates. Conclusions. Model-based estimates, based on information from the two surveys, are useful tools in representing combined information about mammography prevalence estimates from the two surveys. The model-based approach adjusts for the possible nonresponse and noncoverage biases of the telephone survey while using the large BRFSS state sample size to increase precision. C1 [Davis, William W.; Feuer, Eric J.] NCI, Stat Res & Applicat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Parsons, Van L.; Schenker, Nathaniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Xie, Dawei] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Town, Machell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Raghunathan, Trivellore E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Davis, WW (reprint author), US Social Secur Adm, Off Res Evaluat & Stat, 500 E St SW, Washington, DC 20254 USA. EM bill.davis@ssa.gov NR 52 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 567 EP 578 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 609QR UT WOS:000278672700013 PM 20597457 ER PT J AU Switzer, WM Jia, HW Hohn, O Zheng, HQ Tang, SH Shankar, A Bannert, N Simmons, G Hendry, RM Falkenberg, VR Reeves, WC Heneine, W AF Switzer, William M. Jia, Hongwei Hohn, Oliver Zheng, HaoQiang Tang, Shaohua Shankar, Anupama Bannert, Norbert Simmons, Graham Hendry, R. Michael Falkenberg, Virginia R. Reeves, William C. Heneine, Walid TI Absence of evidence of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related virus infection in persons with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and healthy controls in the United States SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PORCINE ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS; PROSTATE-CANCER; XMRV; DEFINITION; PREVALENCE; IDENTIFICATION; PRIMATES; ASSAY AB Background: XMRV, a xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-related virus, was recently identified by PCR testing in 67% of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and in 3.7% of healthy persons from the United States. To investigate the association of XMRV with CFS we tested blood specimens from 51 persons with CFS and 56 healthy persons from the US for evidence of XMRV infection by using serologic and molecular assays. Blinded PCR and serologic testing were performed at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and at two additional laboratories. Results: Archived blood specimens were tested from persons with CFS defined by the 1994 international research case definition and matched healthy controls from Wichita, Kansas and metropolitan, urban, and rural Georgia populations. Serologic testing at CDC utilized a Western blot (WB) assay that showed excellent sensitivity to MuLV and XMRV polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, and no reactivity on sera from 121 US blood donors or 26 HTLV-and HIV-infected sera. Plasma from 51 CFS cases and plasma from 53 controls were all WB negative. Additional blinded screening of the 51 cases and 53 controls at the Robert Koch Institute using an ELISA employing recombinant Gag and Env XMRV proteins identified weak seroreactivity in one CFS case and a healthy control, which was not confirmed by immunofluorescence. PCR testing at CDC employed a gag and a pol nested PCR assay with a detection threshold of 10 copies in 1 ug of human DNA. DNA specimens from 50 CFS patients and 56 controls and 41 US blood donors were all PCR-negative. Blinded testing by a second nested gag PCR assay at the Blood Systems Research Institute was also negative for DNA specimens from the 50 CFS cases and 56 controls. Conclusions: We did not find any evidence of infection with XMRV in our U.S. study population of CFS patients or healthy controls by using multiple molecular and serologic assays. These data do not support an association of XMRV with CFS. C1 [Switzer, William M.; Jia, Hongwei; Zheng, HaoQiang; Tang, Shaohua; Shankar, Anupama; Hendry, R. Michael; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hohn, Oliver; Bannert, Norbert] Ctr Biol Safety 4, Robert Koch Inst, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Simmons, Graham] UCSF, Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Simmons, Graham] UCSF, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Falkenberg, Virginia R.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bswitzer@cdc.gov RI Simmons, Graham/G-3523-2012 OI Simmons, Graham/0000-0002-9615-7023 NR 36 TC 114 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD JUL 1 PY 2010 VL 7 AR 57 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-7-57 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 630TT UT WOS:000280297900001 PM 20594299 ER PT J AU Cannon, MJ Schmid, DS Hyde, TB AF Cannon, Michael J. Schmid, D. Scott Hyde, Terri B. TI Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection SO REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; CONGENITAL CMV INFECTION; VARICELLA-ZOSTER-VIRUS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; OCCUPATIONAL RISK; UNITED-STATES; BLOOD-DONORS AB Cytomegalovirus establishes a lifelong latent infection following primary infection that can periodically reactivate with shedding of infectious virus. Primary infection, reactivation and reinfection during pregnancy can all lead to in utero transmission to the developing fetus. Congenital CMV infections are a major cause of permanent hearing loss and neurological impairment. In this literature review, we found that CMV infection was relatively common among women of reproductive age, with seroprevalence ranging from 45 to 100%. CMV seroprevalence tended to be highest in South America, Africa and Asia and lowest in Western Europe and United States. Within the United States, CMV seroprevalence showed substantial geographic variation as well, differing by as much as 30 percentage points between states, though differences might be explained by variation in the types of populations sampled. Worldwide, seroprevalence among non-whites tended to be 20-30 percentage points higher than that of whites (summary prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.57-1.61). Females generally had higher seroprevalences than males, although in most studies the differences were small (summary PR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.14). Persons of lower socioeconomic status were more likely to be CMV seropositive (summary PR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.32-1.35). Despite high seroprevalences in some populations, a substantial percentage of women of reproductive age are CMV seronegative and thus at risk of primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Future vaccine or educational campaigns to prevent primary infection in pregnant women may need to be tailored to suit the needs of different populations. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Cannon, Michael J.; Schmid, D. Scott; Hyde, Terri B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1825 Century Blvd,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 142 TC 260 Z9 272 U1 3 U2 31 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1052-9276 J9 REV MED VIROL JI Rev. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 20 IS 4 BP 202 EP 213 DI 10.1002/rmv.655 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 627KA UT WOS:000280036800002 PM 20564615 ER PT J AU Hack, CE Haber, LT Maier, A Shulte, P Fowler, B Lotz, WG Savage, RE AF Hack, C. Eric Haber, Lynne T. Maier, Andrew Shulte, Paul Fowler, Bruce Lotz, W. Gregory Savage, Russell E., Jr. TI A Bayesian Network Model for Biomarker-Based Dose Response SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; benzene; biomarker; dose-response ID S-PHENYLMERCAPTURIC ACID; BENZENE-EXPOSED WORKERS; AL. PBPK MODEL; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE KINETICS; TRANS,TRANS-MUCONIC ACID; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; T,T-MUCONIC ACID; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CAR MECHANICS AB A Bayesian network model was developed to integrate diverse types of data to conduct an exposure-dose-response assessment for benzene-induced acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The network approach was used to evaluate and compare individual biomarkers and quantitatively link the biomarkers along the exposure-disease continuum. The network was used to perform the biomarker-based dose-response analysis, and various other approaches to the dose-response analysis were conducted for comparison. The network-derived benchmark concentration was approximately an order of magnitude lower than that from the usual exposure concentration versus response approach, which suggests that the presence of more information in the low-dose region (where changes in biomarkers are detectable but effects on AML mortality are not) helps inform the description of the AML response at lower exposures. This work provides a quantitative approach for linking changes in biomarkers of effect both to exposure information and to changes in disease response. Such linkage can provide a scientifically valid point of departure that incorporates precursor dose-response information without being dependent on the difficult issue of a definition of adversity for precursors. C1 [Hack, C. Eric] AFRL RHPB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Hack, C. Eric; Haber, Lynne T.; Maier, Andrew] TERA, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shulte, Paul; Lotz, W. Gregory; Savage, Russell E., Jr.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Fowler, Bruce] ATSDR, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hack, CE (reprint author), AFRL RHPB, 2729 R St,Bldg 837, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM charles.hack@wpafb.af.mil FU NIOSH [GS-10F-0369N] FX The authors express their appreciation to Bruce Allen for his critical comments on the article, and to Oliver Kroner, Melissa Kohrman, and Alison Willis for technical editing assistance. This work was funded by GSA Contract No. GS-10F-0369N from NIOSH. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1037 EP 1051 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01413.x PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 626BC UT WOS:000279939700007 PM 20412521 ER PT J AU Xu, FJ Sternberg, MR Markowitz, LE AF Xu, Fujie Sternberg, Maya R. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Women Who Have Sex With Women in The United States: Prevalence, Sexual Behavior and Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection-Results From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HOMOSEXUAL EXPERIENCE; HIV SEROPREVALENCE; ORIENTATION; RISK; GLYCOPROTEIN; DIFFERENCE; ANTIBODIES; TRENDS AB Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of same-sex sexual behavior in women in the United States; to describe demographic and behavioral characteristics and the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection. Methods: As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys during 2001-2006, women aged 18 to 59 years were interviewed about sexual behaviors using audio computer assisted self-interview. Persons aged 14 to 49 years were tested for antibodies to HSV-2. Results: Among sexually experienced women aged 18 to 59 years, 7.1% (95% confidence interval, 6.1-8.2) reported ever having had sex with a woman (WSW-ever) and 2.7% in the past year. The prevalence of WSW-ever correlated negatively with age, highest (9.4%) in 18 to 29-year-olds and lowest (5.5%) in 50 to 59-year-olds. Among WSW-ever, 52.6% self-identified as heterosexual/straight, 28.3% as bisexual, and 19.1% as homosexual/lesbian. Among WSW-ever, demographic characteristics were similar but sexual behaviors were different by sexual orientation: 31.3% of heterosexuals, 38.9% of bisexuals, and 12.9% of homosexuals reported first sex at age 14 or younger (P = 0.005); the median number of lifetime male partners was 10.8, 17.6, and 2.9, respectively (P < 0.0001). Among WSW-ever, the prevalence of HSV-2 was 45.6% in heterosexuals, 35.9% in bisexuals, and 8.2% in homosexuals (P = 0.001). In comparison, among women who reported no same-sex partners, the prevalence of HSV-2 was 23.8%. Conclusions: In this population-based sample of women, self-reported same-sex behaviors were increasingly more prevalent in younger women. Compared with homosexual WSW-ever and women who reported never having sex with other women, heterosexual or bisexual WSW-ever had higher HSV-2 seroprevalence. C1 [Xu, Fujie; Sternberg, Maya R.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Xu, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E-02,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM FAX1@CDC.GOV NR 30 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 37 IS 7 BP 407 EP 413 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181db2e18 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 619AH UT WOS:000279397700001 PM 20531032 ER PT J AU Krashin, JW Koumans, EH Bradshaw-Sydnor, AC Braxton, JR Secor, WE Sawyer, MK Markowitz, LE AF Krashin, Jamie W. Koumans, Emilia H. Bradshaw-Sydnor, Ayanna C. Braxton, Jim R. Secor, W. Evan Sawyer, Mary K. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Trichomonas vaginalis Prevalence, Incidence, Risk Factors and Antibiotic-Resistance in an Adolescent Population SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; METRONIDAZOLE; WOMEN; PERSISTENT; STRAIN AB Objective: To determine the prevalence and incidence of trichomoniasis, risk factors for infection, and the prevalence of metronidazole- and tinidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) in female adolescents. Methods: Nonpregnant, HIV-seronegative, sexually active females (13-19 years) visiting an inner city public primary care clinic were tested for T. vaginalis by wet mount and culture, and interviewed about risk-taking behavior every 6 months. Infected patients were treated with a 2 g oral dose of metronidazole. Isolates from positive T. vaginalis cultures were tested for in vitro resistance to metronidazole and tinidazole. Results: Among 467 study participants, 67 (14.4%; 95% confidence interval, 11.3-17.5) were diagnosed with trichomoniasis at first T. vaginalis culture. Significant risk factors for T. vaginalis infection were having an older sex partner and concurrent Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. The incidence was 22.1 cases per 100 person-years. Among 42 participants who had a prevalent infection and returned for follow-up, 13 (31.0%) had at least 1 more episode of trichomoniasis. Resistance testing was completed for 78 isolates: 37 at first visit and 41 during follow-up. One (2.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0.07-14.2) of the 37 first-visit isolates was moderately resistant to metronidazole (minimal lethal concentration = 200 mu g/mL). Of the 41 follow-up visit isolates, 1 was moderately resistant to metronidazole and 2 had borderline resistance (minimal lethal concentration = 50 mu g/mL). The prevalence of tinidazole resistance was 0% (0.0%-9.5%). Conclusion: The study population had high prevalence and incidence of trichomoniasis. The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant T. vaginalis among female adolescents was low. C1 [Krashin, Jamie W.; Koumans, Emilia H.; Braxton, Jim R.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bradshaw-Sydnor, Ayanna C.; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bradshaw-Sydnor, Ayanna C.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Sawyer, Mary K.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Koumans, EH (reprint author), DSTDP NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM EKoumans@cdc.gov OI Krashin, Jamie/0000-0002-7463-6672 FU Pfizer Public Health Group through the CDC Foundation FX J. W. Krashin is a CDC Experience Fellow. The CDC Experience is a 1-year fellowship in applied epidemiology at CDC, funded by Pfizer Public Health Group through the CDC Foundation. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 37 IS 7 BP 440 EP 444 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181cfcd8c PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 619AH UT WOS:000279397700007 PM 20351623 ER PT J AU Stramer, S Linnen, M Carrick, M Bentsen, C Krysztof, P Hunsperger, E Munoz, L Dodd, R AF Stramer, S. Linnen, M. Carrick, M. Bentsen, Ch Krysztof, P. Hunsperger, E. Munoz, L. Dodd, R. TI DENGUE DONOR VIREMIA DETERMINED BY RNA AND NS1 ANTIGEN, AND DETECTION OF DENGUE TRANSFUSION TRANSMISSION DURING THE 2007 DENGUE OUTBREAK IN PUERTO RICO SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stramer, S.] Amer Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Linnen, M.; Carrick, M.] Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Bentsen, Ch] Biorad Labs, Redmond, WA USA. [Krysztof, P.] Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Hunsperger, E.; Munoz, L.] CDC, San Juan, PR USA. [Dodd, R.] Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 99 SU 1 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 625DE UT WOS:000279872500079 ER PT J AU Sinigalliano, CD Fleisher, JM Gidley, ML Solo-Gabriele, HM Shibata, T Plano, LRW Elmir, SM Wanless, D Bartkowiak, J Boiteau, R Withum, K Abdelzaher, AM He, GQ Ortega, C Zhu, XF Wright, ME Kish, J Hollenbeck, J Scott, T Backer, LC Fleming, LE AF Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Fleisher, Jay M. Gidley, Maribeth L. Solo-Gabriele, Helena M. Shibata, Tomoyuki Plano, Lisa R. W. Elmir, Samir M. Wanless, David Bartkowiak, Jakub Boiteau, Rene Withum, Kelly Abdelzaher, Amir M. He, Guoqing Ortega, Cristina Zhu, Xiaofang Wright, Mary E. Kish, Jonathan Hollenbeck, Julie Scott, Troy Backer, Lorraine C. Fleming, Lora E. TI Traditional and molecular analyses for fecal indicator bacteria in non-point source subtropical recreational marine waters SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Recreational water quality; Indicator organisms; Enterococci; Bacteroidales; Quantitative PCR; Membrane filtration plate counts; Chromogenic substrate; Gastrointestinal illness; Respiratory illness; Skin illness ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; COASTAL WATERS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; QUALITY CRITERIA; DOMESTIC SEWAGE; GENETIC-MARKERS AB The use of enterococci as the primary fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) for the determination of recreational water safety has been questioned, particularly in sub/tropical marine waters without known point sources of sewage. Alternative FIB (such as the Bacteroidales group) and alternative measurement methods (such as rapid molecular testing) have been proposed to supplement or replace current marine water quality testing methods which require culturing enterococci. Moreover, environmental parameters have also been proposed to supplement current monitoring programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the health risks to humans from exposure to subtropical recreational marine waters with no known point source. The study reported symptoms between one set of human subjects randomly assigned to marine water exposure with intensive environmental monitoring compared with other subjects who did not have exposure. In addition, illness outcomes among the exposed bathers were compared to levels of traditional and alternative FIB (as measured by culture-based and molecular-based methods), and compared to easily measured environmental parameters. Results demonstrated an increase in self-reported gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin illnesses among bathers vs. non-bathers. Among the bathers, a dose response relationship by logistic regression modeling was observed for skin illness, where illness was positively related to enterococci enumeration by membrane filtration (odds ratio = 1.46 [95% confidence interval = 0.97-2.21] per increasing log10 unit of enterococci exposure) and positively related to 24 h antecedent rain fall (1.04 [1.01-1.07] per increasing millimeters of rain). Acute febrile respiratory illness was inversely related to water temperature (0.74 [0.56-0.98] per increasing degree of water temperature). There were no significant dose response relationships between report of human illness and any of the other FIB or environmental measures. Therefore, for non-point source subtropical recreational marine waters, this study suggests that humans may be at increased risk of reported illness, and that the currently recommended and investigational FIB may not track gastrointestinal illness under these conditions; the relationship between other human illness and environmental measures is less clear. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Wanless, David; Bartkowiak, Jakub; Boiteau, Rene] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Fleisher, Jay M.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Plano, Lisa R. W.; Elmir, Samir M.; Wanless, David; Bartkowiak, Jakub; Withum, Kelly; Abdelzaher, Amir M.; He, Guoqing; Ortega, Cristina; Zhu, Xiaofang; Wright, Mary E.; Kish, Jonathan; Hollenbeck, Julie; Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL USA. [Fleisher, Jay M.] Nova SE Univ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Gidley, Maribeth L.; Wanless, David; Bartkowiak, Jakub] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.; Abdelzaher, Amir M.; He, Guoqing; Ortega, Cristina; Wright, Mary E.] Univ Miami, Coll Engn, Coral Gables, FL USA. [Plano, Lisa R. W.; Kish, Jonathan; Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Elmir, Samir M.] Miami Dade Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Miami, FL USA. [Scott, Troy] Source Mol Corp, Miami, FL USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sinigalliano, CD (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM christopher.sinigalliano@noaa.gov RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014; OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley, maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073; Fleisher, Jay/0000-0002-2553-2201 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P50 ES012736, P50 ES012736-05S2] NR 62 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUL PY 2010 VL 44 IS 13 BP 3763 EP 3772 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.04.026 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 623TH UT WOS:000279766700002 PM 20605185 ER PT J AU Kraft, JM Harvey, SM Hatfield-Timajchy, K Beckman, L Farr, SL Jamieson, DJ Thorburn, S AF Kraft, Joan Marie Harvey, S. Marie Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra Beckman, Linda Farr, Sherry L. Jamieson, Denise J. Thorburn, Sheryl TI Pregnancy Motivations and Contraceptive Use: Hers, His, or Theirs? SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL DECISION-MAKING; CONDOM USE; LATINA WOMEN; COUPLES; INTENTIONS; AMBIVALENCE; POPULATION; PREDICTORS; ATTITUDES; PARTNERS AB Context: Studies increasingly consider the role of pregnancy motivations on contraceptive use. Few studies include measures of men's pregnancy motivations. Methods: We used baseline data (from a couples-intervention study) to examine the contribution of women's and men's pregnancy motivations and participation in decision making to contraceptive use by women in relatively stable relationships who were not trying to get pregnant. In addition to conducting multivariate analyses, we assessed agreement between a woman's perceptions of and her partner's reports of his pregnancy motivations. Results: We observed moderate agreement between men's pregnancy motivations and their partners' perceptions of those motivations. Levels of agreement about participation in decision making were somewhat lower. In bivariate analyses, effective contraceptive use was significantly associated with two measures of pregnancy motivation for men and women. In multivariate analyses, only women not wanting a child in 2 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.73), women's (aOR, 1.80) and men's (aOR, 0.78) participation in decision making, women believing their partners favored contraceptive use (aOR, 2.01), relationships lasting 2 or more years (aOR, 1.98), and ethnicity/race (Latina aOR, 0.27; other race aOR, 0.45) were associated with effective contraceptive use. Conclusion: Providers and those developing interventions must recognize that some women who are "not trying to get pregnant" have weak motivations to avoid pregnancy, and so should help women to clarify their motivations and seek support from their partners for contraceptive use. To understand the role of pregnancy motivations, future research may include both qualitative and longitudinal quantitative studies. Copyright (C) 2010 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kraft, Joan Marie; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, STD, HIV Intervent Res Team, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch,DRH, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Harvey, S. Marie; Thorburn, Sheryl] Oregon State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Beckman, Linda] Alliant Int Univ, Calif Sch Profess Psychol, Alhambra, CA USA. RP Kraft, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, STD, HIV Intervent Res Team, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch,DRH, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jik4@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 20 IS 4 BP 234 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2010.03.008 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 626SP UT WOS:000279987500003 PM 20620912 ER PT J AU Cox, S Posner, SF Sangi-Haghpeykar, H AF Cox, Shanna Posner, Samuel F. Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh TI Who's Responsible? Correlates of Partner Involvement in Contraceptive Decision Making SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID CONDOM USE; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; MEN; PREGNANCY; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; USERS; POWER; HIV AB Objectives: Researchers have begun looking at joint responsibility for contraceptive decision making as a mechanism to increase effective contraceptive use. This analysis identifies correlates of partner involvement in contraceptive decision making. Methods: Participants were first-time users of either oral contraceptives or Depo-Provera recruited from 10 family planning clinics in Texas (n = 481). Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that was available in both English and Spanish. Chi-square statistics were used to compare demographics, relationship characteristics, and condom use before and after initiation of the new hormonal method by who is responsible for birth control use. Characteristics that were significant in bivariate testing were then included in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: Forty-five percent of women reported sole responsibility for contraceptive use and 55% reported joint responsibility with their partners. In multivariate models, consistent condom use before and after the initiation of hormonal contraception and duration of sexual activity with main partner for less than 2 years were associated with increased likelihood of joint responsibility for contraceptive decision making. Women whose partners were classified as high risk had reduced the odds of joint responsibility for contraceptive decision making. Conclusion: Women at increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases (high-risk partners) and their partners may represent a target population for interventions aimed at increasing joint responsibility for contraception use. Continuous engagement in contraceptive decision making among long-term couples should also be encouraged. Copyright (C) 2010 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cox, Shanna; Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cox, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-20, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cio8@cdc.gov OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD JUL-AUG PY 2010 VL 20 IS 4 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2010.03.006 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 626SP UT WOS:000279987500006 PM 20620914 ER PT J AU John, K Divi, RL Keshava, C Orozco, CC Schockley, ME Richardson, DL Poirier, MC Nath, J Weston, A AF John, Kaarthik Divi, Rao L. Keshava, Channa Orozco, Christine C. Schockley, Marie E. Richardson, Diana L. Poirier, Miriam C. Nath, Joginder Weston, Ainsley TI CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression and DNA adduct formation in normal human mammary epithelial cells exposed to benzo[a]pyrene in the absence or presence of chlorophyllin SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Real-time-PCR; BPDE-DNA chemiluminescence immunoassay; Chemoprevention; Chlorophyllin; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; DNA adducts ID METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; IN-VITRO; EXPOSURES; TISSUE; 1B1; 1A1 AB Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) is a potent pro-carcinogen and ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Here, we examined the induction and modulation of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and 10-(deoxyguanosin-N(2)-yl)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPdG) adduct formation in DNA from 20 primary normal human mammary epithelial cell (NHMEC) strains exposed to BP (4 mu M) in the absence or presence of chlorophyllin (5 mu M) Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed strong induction of both CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 by BP, with high levels of inter-individual variability Variable BPdG formation was found in all strains by r7, t8-dihydroxy-t-9, 10 epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE)-DNA chemiluminescence assay (CIA). Chlorophyllin mitigated BP-induced CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression in all 20 strains when administered with BP. Chlorophyllin, administered prior to BP-exposure, mitigated CYP1A1 expression in 18/20 NHMEC strains (p < 0 005) and CYP1B1 expression in 17/20 NHMEC strains (p < 0.005) Maximum percent reductions of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression and BPdG adduct formation were observed when cells were pre-dosed with chlorophyllin followed by administration of the carcinogen with chlorophyllin (p < 0 005 for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression and p < 0.0005 for BPdG adducts) Therefore, chlorophyllin is likely to be a good chemoprotective agent for a large proportion of the human population (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [John, Kaarthik; Keshava, Channa; Richardson, Diana L.; Weston, Ainsley] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [John, Kaarthik; Nath, Joginder; Weston, Ainsley] W Virginia Univ, Genet & Dev Biol Program, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Divi, Rao L.; Orozco, Christine C.; Schockley, Marie E.; Poirier, Miriam C.] NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, Lab Canc Biol & Genet, Ctr Canc Res,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Weston, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, MS-H2900,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. FU National Cancer Institute; National Disease Research Interchange; Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH (Bethesda, MD); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC (Morgantown, WV); West Virginia University FX Thanks to Kathy Boyce and Melanie Moore for clerical assistance We also gratefully acknowledge the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and the National Disease Research Interchange) for providing normal human mammary tissues with which we developed the NHMEC strains. This work was supported by the intramural program of the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH (Bethesda, MD), West Virginia University, and the intramural program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC (Morgantown, WV). NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD JUN 28 PY 2010 VL 292 IS 2 BP 254 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.12.008 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 599HB UT WOS:000277900800014 PM 20163913 ER PT J AU Zhu, HW O'Brien, JJ O'Callaghan, JP Miller, DB Zhang, QA Rana, M Tsui, T Peng, YY Tomesch, J Hendrick, JP Wennogle, LP Snyder, GL AF Zhu, Hongwen O'Brien, Jennifer J. O'Callaghan, James P. Miller, Diane B. Zhang, Qiang Rana, Minal Tsui, Tiffany Peng, Youyi Tomesch, John Hendrick, Joseph P. Wennogle, Lawrence P. Snyder, Gretchen L. TI Nerve agent exposure elicits site-specific changes in protein phosphorylation in mouse brain SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AChE inhibitor; DARPP-32; NR1; Phospho-specific antibody; Muscarinic receptor; Phencynonate hydrochloride (PCH) ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES; SYNAPSIN-I; PHENCYNONATE HYDROCHLORIDE; NEUROCHEMICAL MECHANISMS; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; NMDA RECEPTOR; MAP KINASE; DOPAMINE AB Organophosphorus (OP) compounds cause toxic symptoms, including convulsions, coma, and death, as the result of irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The development of effective treatments to block these effects and attenuate long-term cognitive and motor disabilities that result from OP intoxication is hampered by a limited understanding of the CNS pathways responsible for these actions. We employed a candidate method (called CNSProfile (TM)) to identify changes in the phosphorylation state of key neuronal phosphoproteins evoked by the OP compound, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). Focused microwave fixation was used to preserve the phosphorylation state of phosphoproteins in brains of DFP-treated mice; hippocampus and striatum were analyzed by immunoblotting with a panel of phospho-specific antibodies. DFP exposure elicited comparable effects on phosphorylation of brain phosphoproteins in both C57BL/6 and FVB mice. DFP treatment significantly altered phosphorylation at regulatory residues on glutamate receptors, including Serine897 (S897) of the NR1 NMDA receptor. NR1 phosphorylation was bi-directionally regulated after DFP in striatum versus hippocampus. NR1 phosphorylation was reduced in striatum, but elevated in hippocampus, compared with controls. DARPP-32 phosphorylation in striatum was selectively increased at the Cdk5 kinase substrate, Threonine75 (T75). Phencynonate hydrochloride, a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, prevented seizure-like behaviors and the observed changes in phosphorylation induced by DFP. The data reveal region-specific effects of nerve agent exposure on intracellular signaling pathways that correlate with seizure-like behavior and which are reversed by the muscarinic receptor blockade. This approach identifies specific targets for nerve agents, including substrates for Cdk5 kinase, which may be the basis for new anticonvulsant therapies. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Hongwen; Rana, Minal; Tsui, Tiffany; Snyder, Gretchen L.] Intra Cellular Therapies Inc, Dept Mol Neuropharmacol, Audubon Business & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [O'Brien, Jennifer J.; Hendrick, Joseph P.] Intra Cellular Therapies Inc, Assay Dev, Audubon Business & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Zhang, Qiang; Peng, Youyi; Tomesch, John] Intra Cellular Therapies Inc, Med Chem, Audubon Business & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Wennogle, Lawrence P.] Intra Cellular Therapies Inc, Drug Discovery, Audubon Business & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [O'Callaghan, James P.; Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, Heath Effects Lab Div, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Snyder, GL (reprint author), Intra Cellular Therapies Inc, Dept Mol Neuropharmacol, Audubon Business & Technol Ctr, 3960 Broadway, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM gsnyder@intracellulartherapies.com RI O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013; Miller, Diane/O-2927-2013 FU NIH [R43 MH067488-01]; United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [DAMD 17-03-2-0019, W81XWH-05-1-0400, W81XWH-06-C-0013] FX The excellent technical assistance of Christopher Felton and Brenda Billig is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. Angus Nairn of Yale University and The Rockefeller University for providing some of the antibodies for these studies. This work was supported, in part, by funding from the NIH (R43 MH067488-01 to Intra-Cellular Therapies Inc.) and the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command NETRP Program (DAMD 17-03-2-0019, W81XWH-05-1-0400 and W81XWH-06-C-0013 to Intra-Cellular Therapies Inc.). NR 45 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JUN 25 PY 2010 VL 1342 BP 11 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.034 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 623DF UT WOS:000279717500002 PM 20423708 ER PT J AU Curlin, ME Huang, ML Lu, XY Celum, CL Sanchez, J Selke, S Baeten, JM Zuckerman, RA Erdman, DD Corey, L AF Curlin, Marcel E. Huang, Meei-Li Lu, Xiaoyan Celum, Connie L. Sanchez, Jorge Selke, Stacy Baeten, Jared M. Zuckerman, Richard A. Erdman, Dean D. Corey, Lawrence TI Frequent Detection of Human Adenovirus from the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract in Men Who Have Sex with Men SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; T-CELL; SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS; VACCINE VECTORS; AIDS PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; HEXON GENE AB Background: The association between baseline seropositivity to human adenovirus (HAdV) type 5 and increased HIV acquisition in the Step HIV Vaccine Study has raised questions concerning frequency of acquired and/or persistent Adenovirus infections among adults at high risk of HIV-1 infection. Methodology: To evaluate the frequency and pattern of HAdV shedding from the lower GI tract, we retrospectively tested rectal swabs for HAdVs in a cohort of 20 HSV-2 positive HIV-positive Peruvian men who have sex with men (MSM) undergoing rectal swabbing three times/week for 18 consecutive weeks, in a prospective study of HSV-2 suppression in HIV infection. Viral DNA was extracted and amplified using a sensitive multiplex PCR assay that detects all currently recognized HAdV types. Molecular typing of viruses was performed on selected samples by hexon gene sequencing. Baseline neutralizing antibody titers to HAdVs 25, 226, 235 and 248 were also assessed. Principal Findings: 15/20 individuals had HAdV detected during follow up. The median frequency of HAdV detection was 30% of samples (range 2.0% to 64.7%). HAdV shedding typically occurred on consecutive days in clustered episodes lasting a median of 4 days (range 1 to 9 days) separated by periods without shedding, suggesting frequent new infections or reactivation of latent infections over time. 8 of the 15 shedders had more than one type detected in follow-up. 20 HAdV types from species B, C, and D were identified, including HAdV-5, 226 and 248, HAdV types under development as potential vaccine candidates. 14/20 subjects were seropositive for HAdV-5; 15/20 for HAdV-26; 3/20 for HAdV-35; and 2/20 for HAdV-48. HAdV shedding did not correlate with CD4 count, plasma HIV-1 viral load, or titers to HAdV-5 or HAdV-35. The sole individual with HAdV-5 shedding was HAdV-5 seropositive. Conclusions: HAdV shedding was highly prevalent and diverse, including types presently under consideration as HIV vaccine vectors. Subclinical HAdV infection of the GI tract is common among MSM in Peru; the prevalence of HAdV in the enteric tract should be evaluated in other populations. The association between ongoing recent enteric HAdV and the immune response to recombinant HAdV vaccines should be evaluated. C1 [Curlin, Marcel E.; Corey, Lawrence] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Curlin, Marcel E.; Huang, Meei-Li; Celum, Connie L.; Selke, Stacy; Baeten, Jared M.; Corey, Lawrence] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Corey, Lawrence] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Celum, Connie L.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Celum, Connie L.; Baeten, Jared M.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sanchez, Jorge] Asociac Civil Impacta Salud & Educ, Lima, Peru. [Zuckerman, Richard A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Curlin, ME (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1124 Columbia St, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM cemarcel@u.washington.edu FU GlaxoSmithKline; NIH CFAR Clinical Research and Laboratory Core [AI-27757, AI-38858, R37 AI-42528]; NIAID [AI-30731] FX This study was supported by a research grant from GlaxoSmithKline and NIH CFAR Clinical Research and Laboratory Core Grants AI-27757 & AI-38858, R37 AI-42528 and NIAID Grant AI-30731. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 25 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 6 AR e11321 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011321 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 615NA UT WOS:000279140800019 PM 20593015 ER PT J AU Hightower, A Kiptui, R Manya, A Wolkon, A Vanden Eng, JL Hamel, M Noor, A Sharif, SK Buluma, R Vulule, J Laserson, K Slutsker, L Akhwale, W AF Hightower, Allen Kiptui, Rebecca Manya, Ayub Wolkon, Adam Vanden Eng, Jodi Leigh Hamel, Mary Noor, Abdisalan Sharif, Shahnaz K. Buluma, Robert Vulule, John Laserson, Kayla Slutsker, Laurence Akhwale, Willis TI Bed net ownership in Kenya: the impact of 3.4 million free bed nets SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; WESTERN KENYA; CHILD-MORTALITY; MALARIA; COVERAGE; MORBIDITY; PROGRAM AB Background: In July and September 2006, 3.4 million long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) were distributed free in a campaign targeting children 0-59 months old (CU5s) in the 46 districts with malaria in Kenya. A survey was conducted one month after the distribution to evaluate who received campaign LLINs, who owned insecticide-treated bed nets and other bed nets received through other channels, and how these nets were being used. The feasibility of a distribution strategy aimed at a high-risk target group to meet bed net ownership and usage targets is evaluated. Methods: A stratified, two-stage cluster survey sampled districts and enumeration areas with probability proportional to size. Handheld computers (PDAs) with attached global positioning systems (GPS) were used to develop the sampling frame, guide interviewers back to chosen households, and collect survey data. Results: In targeted areas, 67.5% (95% CI: 64.6, 70.3%) of all households with CU5s received campaign LLINs. Including previously owned nets, 74.4% (95% CI: 71.8, 77.0%) of all households with CU5s had an ITN. Over half of CU5s (51.7%, 95% CI: 48.8, 54.7%) slept under an ITN during the previous evening. Nearly forty percent (39.1%) of all households received a campaign net, elevating overall household ownership of ITNs to 50.7% (95% CI: 48.4, 52.9%). Conclusions: The campaign was successful in reaching the target population, families with CU5s, the risk group most vulnerable to malaria. Targeted distribution strategies will help Kenya approach indicator targets, but will need to be combined with other strategies to achieve desired population coverage levels. C1 [Hightower, Allen; Wolkon, Adam; Vanden Eng, Jodi Leigh; Hamel, Mary; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kiptui, Rebecca; Manya, Ayub; Akhwale, Willis] KNH Grounds, Div Malaria Control, Minist Publ Hlth & Hyg, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hamel, Mary; Vulule, John; Laserson, Kayla] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisian, Kenya. [Noor, Abdisalan] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Malaria Publ Hlth & Epidemiol Grp, Ctr Geog Med Res Coast, Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sharif, Shahnaz K.] Off Director Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Buluma, Robert] Kenya Natl Bur Stat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla] Ctr Dis Control, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hightower, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Mailstop F22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM awh1@cdc.gov FU Ministry of Health; Division of Malaria Control FX The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Health survey team for their invaluable contribution collection the data for the field survey. We thank the Ministry of Health, and the Division of Malaria Control professional staff for providing support and supervision for the survey. This paper was published with permission from the Director, KEMRI. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUN 24 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 183 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-183 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 657JG UT WOS:000282408400001 PM 20576145 ER PT J AU Mohammed, AJ AlAwaidy, S Bawikar, S Kurup, PJ Elamir, E Shaban, MMA Sharif, SM van der Avoort, HGAM Pallansch, MA Malankar, P Burton, A Sreevatsava, M Sutter, RW AF Mohammed, Ali Jafer AlAwaidy, Salah Bawikar, Shyam Kurup, Padmamohan J. Elamir, Emadaldin Shaban, Mahmoud M. A. Sharif, Sharif M. van der Avoort, Harrie G. A. M. Pallansch, Mark A. Malankar, Pradeep Burton, Anthony Sreevatsava, Meghana Sutter, Roland W. TI Fractional Doses of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine in Oman. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; JET INJECTION; DNA VACCINE; HEPATITIS-B; ERADICATION; INFANTS; NEEDLE; POLIOMYELITIS; INFLUENZA AB Background: We conducted a clinical trial of fractional doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine administered to infants in Oman, in order to evaluate strategies for making the vaccine affordable for use in developing countries. Methods: We compared fractional doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (0.1 ml, representing one fifth of a full dose) given intradermally with the use of a needle-free jet injector device, with full doses of vaccine given intramuscularly, with respect to immunogenicity and reactogenicity. Infants were randomly assigned at birth to receive either a fractional dose or a full dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine at 2, 4, and 6 months. We also administered a challenge dose of monovalent type 1 oral poliovirus vaccine at 7 months and collected stool samples before and 7 days after administration of the challenge dose. Results: A total of 400 infants were randomized, of whom 373 (93.2%) fulfilled the study requirements. No significant baseline differences between the groups were detected. Thirty days after completion of the three-dose schedule, the rates of seroconversion to types 1, 2, and 3 poliovirus were 97.3%, 95.7%, and 97.9%, respectively, in the fractional-dose group, as compared with 100% seroconversion to all serotypes in the full-dose group (P=0.01 for the comparison with respect to type 2 poliovirus; results with respect to types 1 and 3 poliovirus were not significant). The median titers were significantly lower in the fractional-dose group than in the full-dose group (P<0.001 for all three poliovirus serotypes). At 7 months, 74.8% of the infants in the fractional-dose group and 63.1% of those in full-dose group excreted type 1 poliovirus (P=0.03). Between birth and 7 months, 42 hospitalizations were reported, all related to infectious causes, anemia, or falls, with no significant difference between vaccination groups. Conclusions: These data show that fractional doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine administered intradermally at 2, 4, and 6 months, as compared with full doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine given intramuscularly on the same schedule, induce similar levels of seroconversion but significantly lower titers. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN17418767.) N Engl J Med 2010;362:2351-9. C1 [van der Avoort, Harrie G. A. M.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malankar, Pradeep; Burton, Anthony; Sreevatsava, Meghana; Sutter, Roland W.] WHO, Geneva, NY USA. RP Sutter, RW (reprint author), 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM sutterr@who.int FU Ministry of Health, Oman; Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Seattle; World Health Organization, Geneva FX Supported by the Ministry of Health, Oman, the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Seattle, and the World Health Organization, Geneva. NR 48 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 5 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 24 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 25 BP 2351 EP 2359 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa0909383 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 614GO UT WOS:000279043800004 PM 20573923 ER PT J AU Visvesvara, GS Shoff, ME Sriram, R Booton, GC Crary, M Fuerst, PA Hanley, CS Garner, MM AF Visvesvara, Govinda S. Shoff, Megan E. Sriram, Rama Booton, Gregory C. Crary, Monica Fuerst, Paul A. Hanley, Christopher S. Garner, Michael M. TI Isolation, morphologic, serologic and molecular identification of Acanthamoeba T4 genotype from the liver of a Temminck's tragopan (Tragopan temminckii) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acanthamoeba; Tragopan; Indirect immunofluorescence; PCR; SSU rRNA ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; BACTERIAL ENDOSYMBIONTS; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; SPP.; KERATITIS; HUMANS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; GENUS AB Members of the genus Acanthamoeba are usually free-living amoebae that are found in a variety of ecological niches including soil, fresh and brackish water, dust in the air, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning filters, swimming pools and hot tubs. Occasionally they are also known to cause central nervous system infections in humans and animals. We isolated into culture an amoeba from the liver of a Temminck's tragopan (horned pheasant) (Tragopan temminckii) that died of amoebic infection. We identified the infecting amoeba as Acanthamoeba sp. based on culture characteristics, cyst morphology and immunofluorescence assays. Additionally, we identified the amoeba as Acanthamoeba, genotype T4, by sequencing a diagnostic region of the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Visvesvara, Govinda S.; Sriram, Rama] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shoff, Megan E.; Booton, Gregory C.; Crary, Monica; Fuerst, Paul A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mol Genet, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Shoff, Megan E.; Booton, Gregory C.; Crary, Monica; Fuerst, Paul A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hanley, Christopher S.] Toledo Zoo, Anim Hlth & Nutr Dept, Toledo, OH USA. [Garner, Michael M.] NW ZooPath, Monroe, WA USA. RP Visvesvara, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gsv1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 24 PY 2010 VL 170 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.028 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 614MW UT WOS:000279064500003 PM 20347228 ER PT J AU Feikin, DR Jagero, G Aura, B Bigogo, GM Oundo, J Beall, BW Karani, A Morpeth, S Njenga, MK Breiman, RF AF Feikin, Daniel R. Jagero, Geoffrey Aura, Barrack Bigogo, Godfrey M. Oundo, Joseph Beall, Bernard W. Karani, Angela Morpeth, Susan Njenga, M. Kariuki Breiman, Robert F. TI High rate of pneumococcal bacteremia in a prospective cohort of older children and adults in an area of high HIV prevalence in rural western Kenya SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; INVASIVE DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND; MORBIDITY; SEROTYPES; MORTALITY AB Background: Although causing substantial morbidity, the burden of pneumococcal disease among older children and adults in Africa, particularly in rural settings, is not well-characterized. We evaluated pneumococcal bacteremia among 21,000 persons >= 5 years old in a prospective cohort as part of population-based infectious disease surveillance in rural western Kenya from October 2006-September 2008. Methods: Blood cultures were done on patients meeting pre-defined criteria - severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), fever, and admission for any reason at a referral health facility within 5 kilometers of all 33 villages where surveillance took place. Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae was done by latex agglutination and quellung reaction and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using broth microdilution. We extrapolated incidence rates based on persons with compatible illnesses in the surveillance population who were not cultured. We estimated rates among HIV-infected persons based on community HIV prevalence. We projected the national burden of pneumococcal bacteremia cases based on these rates. Results: Among 1,301 blood cultures among persons >= 5 years, 52 (4%) yielded pneumococcus, which was the most common bacteria isolated. The yield was higher among those >= 18 years than 5-17 years (6.9% versus 1.6%, p<0.001). The highest yield was for inpatients with SARI (10%), compared with SARI outpatients (3%) and acute febrile outpatients (1%). Serotype 1 pneumococcus was most common (42% isolates) and 71% were serotypes included in the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10). Non-susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics was low (<5%), but to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was high (>95%). The crude rate of pneumococcal bacteremia was 129/100,000 person-years, and the adjusted rate was 419/100,000 person-years. Nineteen (61%) of 31 patients with HIV results were HIV-positive. The adjusted rate among HIV-infected persons was 2,399/100,000 person-years (Rate ratio versus HIV-negative adults, 19.7, 95% CI 12.4-31.1). We project 58,483 cases of pneumococcal bacteremia will occur in Kenyan adults in 2010. Conclusions: Pneumococcal bacteremia rates were high among persons >= 5 years old, particularly among HIV-infected persons. Ongoing surveillance will document if expanded use of highly-active antiretroviral treatment for HIV and introduction of PCV10 for Kenyan children (anticipated in late 2010) result in substantial secondary benefits by reducing pneumococcal disease in adults. C1 [Feikin, Daniel R.; Jagero, Geoffrey; Aura, Barrack; Bigogo, Godfrey M.; Oundo, Joseph; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Feikin, Daniel R.; Jagero, Geoffrey; Aura, Barrack; Bigogo, Godfrey M.; Oundo, Joseph; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Breiman, Robert F.] Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Ctr Dis Control, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Beall, Bernard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Karani, Angela; Morpeth, Susan] Ctr Geog Med Res Coast, Wellcome Trust Res Programme, KEMRI, Kilifi, Kenya. RP Feikin, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Mbagathi Rd,Mbagathi Way, Nairobi, Kenya. EM dfeikin@ke.cdc.gov FU Global Disease Detection Division at CDC FX We thank the CDC Streptococcus laboratory with assistance with serotyping and MIC testing, especially Bob Gertz, Gloria Carvalho, Fabiana Pimenta, and Alexis Roundtree. We thank Chris Van Beneden of CDC's Respiratory Diseases Branch for critical review of the paper. We also thank Anthony Scott of KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Program, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research - Coast, Kilifi, Kenya, for critical input into the calculation of national burden. This work was supported by core funding of CDC's International Emerging Infections Program, though the Global Disease Detection Division at CDC. NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUN 23 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 186 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-186 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 625MM UT WOS:000279899400001 PM 20573224 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Ford, ES Li, CY Zhao, GX Balluz, LS AF Tsai, James Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang Balluz, Lina S. TI Physical activity and optimal self-rated health of adults with and without diabetes SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; PERCEIVED HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS; POPULATION; EXERCISE; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; CARE; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Regular physical activity can improve people's overall health and contribute to both primary and secondary prevention of many chronic diseases and conditions including diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the association between levels of physical activity and optimal self-rated health (SRH) of U. S. adults with and without diabetes in all 50 states and territories of the Unites States. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of optimal SRH by diabetes status of 430,912 adults aged 18 years and older who participated in the 2007 state-based survey of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Prevalence ratios were produced with multivariate Cox regression models using levels of physical activity as a predictor and status of optimal SRH as an outcome variable while controlling for sociodemographic and behavioral health risk factors. Results: The prevalence of reporting optimal SRH was 53.3%, 52.2%, and 86.2% for adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes, respectively. Also in the aforementioned order, adults who reported being active had an increased likelihood of 81%, 32%, and 18% for reporting optimal SRH, when compared with adults who reported being inactive. Conclusions: Regular physical activity of adults, particularly adults with diabetes, is associated with optimal SRH. The findings of this study underscore the importance of advising and motivating adults with diabetes so that physical activity can be integrated into their lifestyle for diabetes care. Additionally, a population-based effort to promote physical activity in communities may benefit adults in general by improving their overall health and well-being. C1 [Tsai, James; Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Zhao, Guixiang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 23 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 365 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-365 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 625RZ UT WOS:000279914000001 PM 20573237 ER PT J AU Trout, A Baracco, G Rodriguez, M Barber, J Leal, A Radke, E Weis, K Stanek, D Stark, L Blackmore, C Gallagher, G Hunsperger, E Tomashek, K Gregory, C Sauber-Schatz, E AF Trout, A. Baracco, G. Rodriguez, M. Barber, J. Leal, A. Radke, E. Weis, K. Stanek, D. Stark, L. Blackmore, C. Gallagher, G. Hunsperger, E. Tomashek, K. Gregory, C. Sauber-Schatz, E. TI Locally Acquired Dengue-Key West, Florida, 2009-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 59, pg 577-581, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TRAVELERS C1 [Trout, A.] Rochester Gen Hosp, New York, NY USA. [Gregory, C.; Sauber-Schatz, E.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Trout, A (reprint author), Rochester Gen Hosp, New York, NY USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 23 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 24 BP 2465 EP 2468 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 613VM UT WOS:000279010900010 ER PT J AU Hendrix, L Ludwig, D Franklin, B Maitoza, C Doxford, N Ford, SE Compton, J Buss, BF Sackett, D Salmen, D Krinn, K Campbell, S Roth, R Florom, E Clements, T Newell, D Ailes, EC Collier, SA Otto, C Roberts, JM Hlavsa, MC Beach, MJ Dunbar, EL AF Hendrix, L. Ludwig, D. Franklin, B. Maitoza, C. Doxford, N. Ford, S. E. Compton, J. Buss, B. F. Sackett, D. Salmen, D. Krinn, K. Campbell, S. Roth, R. Florom, E. Clements, T. Newell, D. Ailes, E. C. Collier, S. A. Otto, C. Roberts, J. M. Hlavsa, M. C. Beach, M. J. Dunbar, E. L. TI Violations Identified From Routine Swimming Pool Inspections-Selected States and Counties, United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 582-587, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PREVENTION; DISEASE C1 [Franklin, B.] Los Angeles Cty Environm Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Maitoza, C.] Sacramento Cty Environm Management Dept, Sacramento, CA USA. [Sackett, D.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Krinn, K.] Columbus Publ Hlth, Columbus, OH USA. [Campbell, S.] Oklahoma City Cty Hlth Dept, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Roth, R.] Tulsa Hlth Dept, Tulsa, OK USA. [Florom, E.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Newell, D.] Garrison Enterprises, Charlotte, NC USA. [Ailes, E. C.; Collier, S. A.] Atlanta Vet Admin Med Ctr, Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dunbar, E. L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 23 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 24 BP 2468 EP 2470 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 613VM UT WOS:000279010900011 ER PT J AU Kahn, HS AF Kahn, Henry S. TI Physical Activity and Preventing Weight Gain in Women SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID WHITE; BLACK C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kahn, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hkahn@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 23 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 24 BP 2475 EP 2475 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.824 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 613VM UT WOS:000279010900019 PM 20571012 ER PT J AU Pappas, C Viswanathan, K Chandrasekaran, A Raman, R Katz, JM Sasisekharan, R Tumpey, TM AF Pappas, Claudia Viswanathan, Karthik Chandrasekaran, Aarthi Raman, Rahul Katz, Jacqueline M. Sasisekharan, Ram Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Receptor Specificity and Transmission of H2N2 Subtype Viruses Isolated from the Pandemic of 1957 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; BINDING PROPERTIES; NORTH-AMERICA; HEMAGGLUTININ; MAMMALS; HUMANS; ORIGIN; SWINE; MODEL; HA AB Influenza viruses of the H2N2 subtype have not circulated among humans in over 40 years. The occasional isolation of avian H2 strains from swine and avian species coupled with waning population immunity to H2 hemagglutinin (HA) warrants investigation of this subtype due to its pandemic potential. In this study we examined the transmissibility of representative human H2N2 viruses, A/Albany/6/58 (Alb/58) and A/El Salvador/2/57 (ElSalv/57), isolated during the 1957/58 pandemic, in the ferret model. The receptor binding properties of these H2N2 viruses was analyzed using dose-dependent direct glycan array-binding assays. Alb/58 virus, which contains the 226L/228S amino acid combination in the HA and displayed dual binding to both alpha 2,6 and alpha 2,3 glycan receptors, transmitted efficiently to naive ferrets by respiratory droplets. Inefficient transmission was observed with ElSalv/57 virus, which contains the 226Q/228G amino acid combination and preferentially binds alpha 2,3 over alpha 2,6 glycan receptors. However, a unique transmission event with the ElSalv/57 virus occurred which produced a 226L/228G H2N2 natural variant virus that displayed an increase in binding specificity to alpha 2,6 glycan receptors and enhanced respiratory droplet transmissibility. Our studies provide a correlation between binding affinity to glycan receptors with terminal alpha 2,6-linked sialic acid and the efficiency of respiratory droplet transmission for pandemic H2N2 influenza viruses. C1 [Pappas, Claudia; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Viswanathan, Karthik; Chandrasekaran, Aarthi; Raman, Rahul; Sasisekharan, Ram] Harvard Univ, MIT, Div Hlth Sci & Technol,Dept Biol Engn, Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Pappas, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov RI Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NIH [U54 GM62116]; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology FX The source of funding for this work was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was partially supported by NIH grant U54 GM62116 (R. S) and the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (R. S). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 6 AR e11158 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011158 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 614KV UT WOS:000279058300004 PM 20574518 ER PT J AU Hutson, CL Carroll, DS Self, J Weiss, S Hughes, CM Braden, Z Olson, VA Smith, SK Karem, KL Regnery, RL Damon, IK AF Hutson, Christina L. Carroll, Darin S. Self, Joshua Weiss, Sonja Hughes, Christine M. Braden, Zachary Olson, Victoria A. Smith, Scott K. Karem, Kevin L. Regnery, Russell L. Damon, Inger K. TI Dosage comparison of Congo Basin and West African strains of monkeypox virus using a prairie dog animal model of systemic orthopoxvirus disease SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Monkeypox; Orthopox; Pathogenesis ID INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; VIRULENCE; OUTBREAK; FEATURES; MICE AB The prairie dog is valuable for the study of monkeypox virus (MPXV) virulence and closely resembles human systemic orthopoxvirus disease. Herein, we utilize a variable dose intranasal challenge with approximately 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6) PFU for each clade to further characterize virulence differences between the two MPXV clades. A trend of increased morbidity and mortality as well as greater viral shedding was observed with increasing viral challenge dose. Additionally, there appeared to be a delay in onset of disease for animals challenged with lower dosages of virus. Mathematical calculations were used to determine LD(50) values and based on these calculations, Congo Basin MPXV had approximately a hundred times lower LD(50) value than the West African clade (5.9 x 10(3) and 1.29 x 10(5) respectively); reinforcing previous findings that Congo Basin MPXV is more virulent. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hutson, Christina L.; Carroll, Darin S.; Self, Joshua; Weiss, Sonja; Hughes, Christine M.; Braden, Zachary; Olson, Victoria A.; Smith, Scott K.; Karem, Kevin L.; Regnery, Russell L.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hutson, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS-G06,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CHutson1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 20 PY 2010 VL 402 IS 1 BP 72 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.012 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 600EN UT WOS:000277967500008 PM 20374968 ER PT J AU Gupta, M Goldsmith, CS Metcalfe, MG Spipopoulou, CF Rollin, PE AF Gupta, Manisha Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Spipopoulou, Christina F. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Reduced virus replication, proinflammatory cytokine production, and delayed macrophage cell death in human PBMCs infected with the newly discovered Bundibugyo ebolavirus relative to Zaire ebolavirus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; Cytokines; Hemorrhagic fever; Macrophages; Apoptosis ID IN-VITRO; IFN-ALPHA; APOPTOSIS; RESPONSES AB Bundibugyo ebolavirus is a newly identified Ebolavirus species. The virus was responsible for a recent hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda with an approximate 30% case fatality rate. In this study, we compared the pathogenesis of Bundibugyo with highly lethal Zaire Ebolavirus by using in vitro human PBMCs. We found that PBMCs infected with Bundibugyo ebolaviruses resulted in 1 to 2 log lower virus yields compared to Zaire ebolavirus and produced 2- to 10-fold lower levels of TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-1 beta, MIPI-alpha and IL-10 than PBMCs infected with Zaire ebolavirus. In addition, flow cytometric studies have shown lower levels and delay of the macrophage cell death in Bundibugyo ebolavirus compared to Zaire ebolavirus infection. The findings of slower Bundibugyo ebolavirus replication, lower production of proinflammatory cytokines and delay in macrophage cell death provide insight into the basis of the lower case fatality observed with Bundibugyo ebolavirus. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gupta, Manisha; Spipopoulou, Christina F.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, DVRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goldsmith, Cynthia S.; Metcalfe, Maureen G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Act, DVRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gupta, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, DVRD, G-14,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgupta@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All funding for this work was provided by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 20 PY 2010 VL 402 IS 1 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.024 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 600EN UT WOS:000277967500021 PM 20394957 ER PT J AU Buchacz, K Baker, RK Palella, FJ Chmiel, JS Lichtenstein, KA Novak, RM Wood, KC Brooks, JT AF Buchacz, Kate Baker, Rose K. Palella, Frank J., Jr. Chmiel, Joan S. Lichtenstein, Kenneth A. Novak, Richard M. Wood, Kathleen C. Brooks, John T. CA HOPS Investigators TI AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses in US patients, 1994-2007: a cohort study SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE AIDS-related opportunistic infections; CD4 lymphocyte count; cohort studies; highly active antiretroviral therapy; incidence; neoplasms; prophylaxis ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; CD4(+) CELL COUNTS; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; UNITED-STATES; HAART ERA; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; VIRAL LOAD; MORTALITY AB Objectives: To assess the incidence and spectrum of AIDS-defining opportunistic illnesses in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. Design: A prospective cohort study of 8070 participants in the HIV Outpatient Study at 12 U. S. HIV clinics. Methods: We calculated incidence rates per 1000 person-years of observation for the first opportunistic infection, first opportunistic malignancy, and first occurrence of each individual opportunistic illness during 1994-2007. Using stratified Poisson regression models, and adjusting for sex, race, and HIV risk category, we modeled annual percentage changes in opportunistic illness incidence rates by calendar period. Results: Eight thousand and seventy patients (baseline median age 38 years; median CD4 cell count 298 cells/mu l) experienced 2027 incident opportunistic illnesses during a median of 2.9 years of observation. During 1994-1997, 1998-2002, and 2003-2007, respectively, rates of opportunistic infections (per 1000 person-years) were 89.0, 25.2 and 13.3 and rates of opportunistic malignancies were 23.4, 5.8 and 3.0 (P for trend < .001 for both). Opportunistic illness rate decreases were similar for the subset of patients receiving cART. During 2003-2007, there were no significant changes in annual rates of opportunistic infections or opportunistic malignancies; the leading opportunistic illnesses (rate per 1000 person-years) were esophageal candidiasis (5.2), Pneumocystis pneumonia (3.9), cervical cancer (3.5), Mycobacterium avium complex infection (2.5), and cytomegalovirus disease (1.8); 36% opportunistic illness events occurred at CD4 cell counts at least 200 cells/mu l. Conclusions: Opportunistic illness rates declined precipitously after introduction of cART and stabilized at low levels during 2003-2007. In this contemporary cART era, a third of opportunistic illnesses were diagnosed at CD4 cell counts at least 200 cells/mu l. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Buchacz, Kate; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buchacz, Kate; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baker, Rose K.; Wood, Kathleen C.] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Palella, Frank J., Jr.; Chmiel, Joan S.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Lichtenstein, Kenneth A.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Novak, Richard M.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. RP Buchacz, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acu7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797] FX Funding source Contracts 200-2001-00133 and 200-2006-18797 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 116 Z9 121 U1 1 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1549 EP 1559 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833a3967 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 609DX UT WOS:000278636400017 PM 20502317 ER PT J AU Chasela, CS Hudgens, MG Jamieson, DJ Kayira, D Hosseinipour, MC Kourtis, AP Martinson, F Tegha, G Knight, RJ Ahmed, YI Kamwendo, DD Hoffman, IF Ellington, SR Kacheche, Z Soko, A Wiener, JB Fiscus, SA Kazembe, P Mofolo, IA Chigwenembe, M Sichali, DS van der Horst, CM AF Chasela, Charles S. Hudgens, Michael G. Jamieson, Denise J. Kayira, Dumbani Hosseinipour, Mina C. Kourtis, Athena P. Martinson, Francis Tegha, Gerald Knight, Rodney J. Ahmed, Yusuf I. Kamwendo, Deborah D. Hoffman, Irving F. Ellington, Sascha R. Kacheche, Zebrone Soko, Alice Wiener, Jeffrey B. Fiscus, Susan A. Kazembe, Peter Mofolo, Innocent A. Chigwenembe, Maggie Sichali, Dorothy S. van der Horst, Charles M. CA BAN Study Grp TI Maternal or Infant Antiretroviral Drugs to Reduce HIV-1 Transmission SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; DOSE NEVIRAPINE; POOLED ANALYSIS; PREVENTION; ZIDOVUDINE; MORTALITY; THERAPY; MALAWI; PLUS AB Background We evaluated the efficacy of a maternal triple-drug antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine prophylaxis for 28 weeks during breast-feeding to reduce postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Malawi. Methods We randomly assigned 2369 HIV-1-positive, breast-feeding mothers with a CD4+ lymphocyte count of at least 250 cells per cubic millimeter and their infants to receive a maternal antiretroviral regimen, infant nevirapine, or no extended postnatal antiretroviral regimen (control group). All mothers and infants received perinatal prophylaxis with single-dose nevirapine and 1 week of zidovudine plus lamivudine. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the cumulative risk of HIV-1 transmission or death by 28 weeks among infants who were HIV-1-negative 2 weeks after birth. Rates were compared with the use of the log-rank test. Results Among mother-infant pairs, 5.0% of infants were HIV-1-positive at 2 weeks of life. The estimated risk of HIV-1 transmission between 2 and 28 weeks was higher in the control group (5.7%) than in either the maternal-regimen group (2.9%, P = 0.009) or the infant-regimen group (1.7%, P<0.001). The estimated risk of infant HIV-1 infection or death between 2 and 28 weeks was 7.0% in the control group, 4.1% in the maternal-regimen group (P = 0.02), and 2.6% in the infant-regimen group (P<0.001). The proportion of women with neutropenia was higher among those receiving the antiretroviral regimen (6.2%) than among those in either the nevirapine group (2.6%) or the control group (2.3%). Among infants receiving nevirapine, 1.9% had a hypersensitivity reaction. Conclusions The use of either a maternal antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine for 28 weeks was effective in reducing HIV-1 transmission during breast-feeding. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00164736.) C1 [van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Chasela, Charles S.; Kayira, Dumbani; Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Martinson, Francis; Tegha, Gerald; Kamwendo, Deborah D.; Kacheche, Zebrone; Soko, Alice; Mofolo, Innocent A.; Chigwenembe, Maggie; Sichali, Dorothy S.] Univ N Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Ahmed, Yusuf I.; Ellington, Sascha R.; Wiener, Jeffrey B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP van der Horst, CM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, CB 3368, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM cvdh@med.unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06]; Abbott Laboratories; GlaxoSmithKline; Boehringer Ingelheim; Roche Pharmaceuticals; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson Johnson; U.S. Agency for International Development FX Supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09 and SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06), Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson & Johnson, and the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 27 TC 249 Z9 257 U1 1 U2 15 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 17 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 24 BP 2271 EP 2281 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa0911486 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 611LJ UT WOS:000278816300006 PM 20554982 ER PT J AU Gold, MS Gidudu, J Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M Law, B AF Gold, Michael S. Gidudu, Jane Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, Mich Law, Barbara CA Brighton Collaboration Working Grp TI Can the Brighton Collaboration case definitions be used to improve the quality of Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI) reporting? Anaphylaxis as a case study SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Brighton Collaboration anaphylaxis case definition; Checklists; Immunization safety; Case study ID SAFETY DATA; GUIDELINES; COLLECTION AB The Brighton Collaboration (BC) was established in 2000 with the aim of developing globally accepted standardized case definitions for adverse events following immunizations (AEFI) as well as guidelines for the collection, analysis and presentation of surveillance data. Some of the BC case definitions are complex and this may limit their application for use in post-marketing vaccine surveillance. Barriers to the application of the BC case definitions include an incomplete description of an adverse event and inconsistencies in reporter use of adverse event terms. We have taken the BC case definition for anaphylaxis and developed a clinical checklist and glossary of terms used in the case definition. It is anticipated that these resources can be used at a community level by AEFI reporters. If used, these resources could improve the quality of adverse event reports which would facilitate the application of the BC case definition at a regional and/or national level. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gold, Michael S.] Univ Adelaide, Discipline Paediat, Sch Paediat & Reprod Hlth, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Gidudu, Jane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, Mich] Southampton Univ Hosp NHS Trust, Southampton, Hants, England. [Law, Barbara] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Sci Sect, Immunizat & Resp Infect Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Gold, MS (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Discipline Paediat, Sch Paediat & Reprod Hlth, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM michael.gold@adelaide.edu.au FU Brighton Collaboration Steering Committee FX The authors are grateful for the support and helpful comments by the members of the Brighton Collaboration Steering Committee at the time of development of this document, who were not members of this working group (Brigitte Keller-Stanislawski, Michael Blum, Paul Heath, Ulrich Heininger, and Odile Leroy). The authors are also grateful to the additional working group members: Paige Lewis, Katrin Kohl, Jim Jones, Neal Halsey, Azra Dobardzic, Ea Dige. Giovanna Zanoni, and Hector Izurieta [HI]. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 28 BP 4487 EP 4498 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.041 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 620HS UT WOS:000279490400008 PM 20434547 ER PT J AU Bartlett, DL Parashar, UD Cortese, MM Esposito, DH AF Bartlett, D. L. Parashar, U. D. Cortese, M. M. Esposito, D. H. TI Rotavirus Vaccination Coverage Among Infants Aged 5 Months-Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites, United States, June 2006-June 2009 (Reprinted from vol 59, pg 521-524, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID CHILDREN C1 [Esposito, D. H.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 16 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 23 BP 2347 EP 2349 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 610TE UT WOS:000278759200009 ER PT J AU O'Connor, S Ward, JW Watson, M Momin, B Richardson, LC AF O'Connor, S. Ward, J. W. Watson, M. Momin, B. Richardson, L. C. TI Hepatocellular Carcinoma-United States, 2001-2006 (Reprinted from vol 59, pg 517-520, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [O'Connor, S.; Ward, J. W.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Watson, M.; Momin, B.; Richardson, L. C.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP O'Connor, S (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 16 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 23 BP 2349 EP 2350 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 610TE UT WOS:000278759200010 ER PT J AU Nickell, SP Winter, K Talarico, J Bolan, G Miller, J McLean, R King, H Weinbaum, C Holtzman, D Ward, JW Mootrey, G Weiss, E Yu, Y AF Nickell, S. P. Winter, K. Talarico, J. Bolan, G. Miller, J. McLean, R. King, H. Weinbaum, C. Holtzman, D. Ward, J. W. Mootrey, G. Weiss, E. Yu, Y. TI The Adult Hepatitis Vaccine Project-California, 2007-2008 (Reprinted from vol 59, pg 513-516, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [King, H.; Weinbaum, C.; Holtzman, D.; Ward, J. W.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mootrey, G.] CDC, Immunizat Svc Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weiss, E.] CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 16 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 23 BP 2351 EP 2352 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 610TE UT WOS:000278759200011 ER PT J AU de Palma, O Cruz, L Ramos, H de Baires, A Villatoro, N Pastor, D de Oliveira, LH Kerin, T Bowen, M Gentsch, J Esposito, DH Parashar, U Tate, J Patel, M AF de Palma, Orbelina Cruz, Lilian Ramos, Hector de Baires, Amada Villatoro, Nora Pastor, Desiree de Oliveira, Lucia Helena Kerin, Tara Bowen, Michael Gentsch, Jon Esposito, Douglas H. Parashar, Umesh Tate, Jacqueline Patel, Manish TI Effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against childhood diarrhoea in El Salvador: case-control study SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; 1ST 2 YEARS; RHESUS-HUMAN; DOUBLE-BLIND; EFFICACY; REASSORTANT; SAFETY; CHILDREN; VACCINES; INFANTS AB Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus disease and to assess its impact on diarrhoea in children aged less than 2 years after national introduction in El Salvador, a low-middle income country in Central America. Design Matched case-control study. Setting Seven hospitals in cities across El Salvador, January 2007 to June 2009. Participants 323 children aged less than 2 years admitted with laboratory confirmed rotavirus diarrhoea and 969 healthy controls matched for age and neighbourhood. Main outcome measure Effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination ((1-adjusted odds ratio of vaccination) x 100) against rotavirus diarrhoea requiring hospital admission. Results Cases and controls were similar for breast feeding, premature birth, maternal education, and socioeconomic variables. G1P[8] strains were identified in 92% of rotavirus cases. Effectiveness of two doses of vaccination against diarrhoea requiring hospital admission was 76% (95% confidence interval 64% to 84%). Protection was significantly lower (P=0.046) among children aged 12 months or more (59%, 27% to 77%) compared with children aged 6-11 months (83%, 68% to 91%). One dose of vaccine was 51% (26% to 67%) effective. At the sentinel hospitals, all admissions for diarrhoea among children under 5 declined by 40% in 2008 and by 51% in 2009 from the prevaccine year 2006. Conclusions A monovalent rotavirus vaccine was highly effective against admissions for rotavirus diarrhoea in children aged less than 2 years in El Salvador and substantially reduced the number of such admissions in this low-middle income setting. The impact on disease epidemiology after vaccination, particularly among older children, warrants future attention. C1 [Kerin, Tara; Bowen, Michael; Gentsch, Jon; Esposito, Douglas H.; Parashar, Umesh; Tate, Jacqueline; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Team, Epidemiol Branch, DVD NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Palma, Orbelina; Cruz, Lilian; Ramos, Hector; de Baires, Amada; Villatoro, Nora] Minist Salud, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Pastor, Desiree] PanAmer Hlth Org, San Salvador, El Salvador. [de Oliveira, Lucia Helena] PanAmer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Team, Epidemiol Branch, DVD NCIRD, MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov FU GAVI Alliance FX This work was carried out under a collaborative arrangement with Program for Appropriate Technology in Health and was funded in part by the GAVI Alliance. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 340 AR c2825 DI 10.1136/bmj.c2825 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 614JA UT WOS:000279051800002 PM 20551120 ER PT J AU Baddley, JW Andes, DR Marr, KA Kontoyiannis, DP Alexander, BD Kauffman, CA Oster, RA Anaissie, EJ Walsh, TJ Schuster, MG Wingard, JR Patterson, TF Ito, JI Williams, OD Chiller, T Pappas, PG AF Baddley, John W. Andes, David R. Marr, Kieren A. Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P. Alexander, Barbara D. Kauffman, Carol A. Oster, Robert A. Anaissie, Elias J. Walsh, Thomas J. Schuster, Mindy G. Wingard, John R. Patterson, Thomas F. Ito, James I. Williams, O. Dale Chiller, Tom Pappas, Peter G. CA Transplant Associated Infect Surve TI Factors Associated with Mortality in Transplant Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES; ATTRIBUTABLE MORTALITY; PRIMARY THERAPY; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with mortality in transplant patients with IA. Methods. Transplant patients from 23 US centers were enrolled from March 2001 to October 2005 as part of the Transplant Associated Infection Surveillance Network. IA cases were identified prospectively in this cohort through March 2006, and data were collected. Factors associated with 12-week all-cause mortality were determined by logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results. Six-hundred forty-two cases of proven or probable IA were evaluated, of which 317 (49.4%) died by the study endpoint. All-cause mortality was greater in HSCT patients (239 [57.5%] of 415) than in SOT patients (78 [34.4%] of 227;). Independent poor prognostic factors P < .001 in HSCT patients were neutropenia, renal insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency, early-onset IA, proven IA, and methylprednisolone use. In contrast, white race was associated with decreased risk of death. Among SOT patients, hepatic insufficiency, malnutrition, and central nervous system disease were poor prognostic indicators, whereas prednisone use was associated with decreased risk of death. Among HSCT or SOT patients who received antifungal therapy, use of an amphotericin B preparation as part of initial therapy was associated with increased risk of death. Conclusions. There are multiple variables associated with survival in transplant patients with IA. Understanding these prognostic factors may assist in the development of treatment algorithms and clinical trials. C1 [Baddley, John W.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Baddley, John W.] Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Andes, David R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Marr, Kieren A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Walsh, Thomas J.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Patterson, Thomas F.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Patterson, Thomas F.] S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Alexander, Barbara D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Kauffman, Carol A.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kauffman, Carol A.] Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Anaissie, Elias J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. [Schuster, Mindy G.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wingard, John R.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ito, James I.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Chiller, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baddley, JW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1900 Univ Blvd,229 Tinsley Harrison Tower, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM jbaddley@uab.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [K24 AI072522, K23 AI064613, K23 AI064613-05, K23AI064613] NR 28 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1559 EP 1567 DI 10.1086/652768 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 598BF UT WOS:000277806200002 PM 20450350 ER PT J AU Kutty, PK Kyaw, MH Dayan, GH Brady, MT Bocchini, JA Reef, SE Bellini, WJ Seward, JF AF Kutty, Preeta K. Kyaw, Moe H. Dayan, Gustavo H. Brady, Michael T. Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Reef, Susan E. Bellini, William J. Seward, Jane F. TI Guidance for Isolation Precautions for Mumps in the United States: A Review of the Scientific Basis for Policy Change SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID REAL-TIME PCR; MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; POPULATION; MEASLES AB The 2006 mumps resurgence in the United States raised questions about the appropriate isolation period for people with mumps. To determine the scientific basis for isolation recommendations, we conducted a literature review and considered isolation of virus and virus load in saliva and respiratory secretions as factors that were related to mumps transmission risk. Although mumps virus has been isolated from 7 days before through 8 days after parotitis onset, the highest percentage of positive isolations and the highest virus loads occur closest to parotitis onset and decrease rapidly thereafter. Most transmission likely occurs before and within 5 days of parotitis onset. Transmission can occur during the prodromal phase and with subclinical infections. Updated guidance, released in 2007-2008, changed the mumps isolation period from 9 to 5 days. It is now recommended that mumps patients be isolated and standard and droplet precautions be followed for 5 days after parotitis onset. C1 [Kutty, Preeta K.; Kyaw, Moe H.; Dayan, Gustavo H.; Bellini, William J.; Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reef, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brady, Michael T.] Ohio State Univ, Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. RP Kutty, PK (reprint author), A-47,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pkutty@cdc.gov NR 59 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1619 EP 1628 DI 10.1086/652770 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 598BF UT WOS:000277806200011 PM 20455692 ER PT J AU Batteiger, BE Xu, FJ Johnson, RE Rekart, ML AF Batteiger, Byron E. Xu, Fujie Johnson, Robert E. Rekart, Michael L. TI Protective Immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; YOUNG-WOMEN; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; TUBAL INFERTILITY AB Background. Some screening and treatment programs implemented to control Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections and their complications have shown initial reductions in infection prevalence, followed by increases to preprogram levels or higher. One hypothesis is that treatment shortens duration of infection, attenuates development of protective immunity, and thereby, increases risk of reinfection. Methods. A literature review was undertaken to assess evidence supporting the concept of protective immunity, its characteristics, and its laboratory correlates in human chlamydial infection. The discussion is organized around key questions formulated in preparation for the Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting held by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in April 2008. Results. Definitive human studies are not available, but cross-sectional studies show that chlamydia prevalence, organism load, and concordance rates in couples decrease with age, and organism load is lower in those with repeat infections, supporting the concept of protective immunity. The protection appears partial and can be overcome after reexposure, similar to what has been found in rodent models of genital infection. No data are available to define the duration of infection required to confer a degree of immunity or the time course of immunity after resolution of untreated infection. In longitudinal studies involving African sex workers, a group presumed to have frequent and ongoing exposure to chlamydial infection, interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to chlamydial heat-shock protein 60 was associated with low risk of incident infection. In cross-sectional studies, relevant T helper 1-type responses were found in infected persons, paralleling the studies in animal models. Conclusions. The data support the concept that some degree of protective immunity against reinfection develops after human genital infection, although it appears, at best, to be partial. It is likely that factors besides population levels of immunity contribute to trends in prevalence observed in screening and treatment programs. Future studies of protective immunity in humans will require longitudinal follow-up of individuals and populations, frequent biological and behavioral sampling, and special cohorts to help control for exposure. C1 [Batteiger, Byron E.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Batteiger, Byron E.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Xu, Fujie; Johnson, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rekart, Michael L.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Rekart, Michael L.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Batteiger, BE (reprint author), Indiana Univ Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 545 Barnhill Dr,Emerson Hall,Rm 435, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM bbatteig@iupui.edu FU Sexually Transmitted Infections Cooperative Research Centers, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [U19AI031494] FX Financial support: Sexually Transmitted Infections Cooperative Research Centers, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (U19AI031494 to Stanley Spinola, supporting B. E. B.). NR 93 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 2 BP S178 EP S189 DI 10.1086/652400 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 608WO UT WOS:000278616900010 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Martin, DH Xu, FJ Byrne, GI Brunham, RC AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Martin, David H. Xu, Fujie Byrne, Gerald I. Brunham, Robert C. TI Summary: The Natural History and Immunobiology of Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection and Implications for Chlamydia Control SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; CLINICAL HEALTH PEACH; PIG-TAILED MACAQUES; TUBAL INFERTILITY; UNITED-STATES; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; IMMUNE-RESPONSES AB In 2008, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention held the Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting to foster a dialogue among basic scientists, clinical researchers, and epidemiologists studying genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The objectives of the meeting were to determine key questions related to C. trachomatis natural history and immunobiology, with implications for control programs; to review existing data on these key questions; and to delineate research needs to address remaining gaps in knowledge. The 9 articles in this supplement to The Journal of Infectious Diseases describe salient findings presented at the 2008 meeting, and this commentary summarizes and synthesizes these articles and discusses implications for chlamydia control efforts and future research priorities. C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Byrne, Gerald I.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Brunham, Robert C.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov NR 121 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 2 BP S190 EP S204 DI 10.1086/652401 PG 15 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 608WO UT WOS:000278616900011 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Berman, SM Low, N AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Berman, Stuart M. Low, Nicola TI Screening and Treatment to Prevent Sequelae in Women with Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: How Much Do We Know? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATION; PROGRAM; SWEDEN; TRENDS; IMPACT AB Background. An important question for chlamydia control programs is the extent to which finding and treating prevalent, asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection reduces reproductive sequelae in infected women. Methods. We reviewed the literature to critically evaluate evidence on the effect of chlamydia screening on development of sequelae in infected women. Results. Two randomized controlled trials of 1-time screening for chlamydial infection-in a Seattle-area health maintenance organization and a Danish school district-revealed that screening was associated with an similar to 50% reduction in the incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease over the following year. However, both of these trials had methodological issues that may have affected the magnitude of observed screening benefits and might limit generalizability to other populations. A large, nonrandomized cohort of chlamydia screening among US Army recruits, although limited by lack of outpatient data, did not find a benefit of similar magnitude to the randomized trials. Methodological limitations restrict valid conclusions about individual benefits of screening using data from historical cohorts and ecological studies. We identified no trials directly evaluating the effect of chlamydia screening on subclinical tubal inflammation or damage, ectopic pregnancy, or tubal factor infertility and no studies addressing the effects of >1 round of screening, the optimal frequency of screening, or the benefits of screening for repeat infections. Conclusions. Additional studies of the effectiveness of chlamydia screening would be valuable; feasible study designs may depend on the degree to which screening programs are already established. In addition, better natural history data on the timing of tubal inflammation and damage after C. trachomatis infection and development of more accurate, noninvasive tools to assess chlamydial sequelae are essential to informing chlamydia control efforts. C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Low, Nicola] Univ Bern, Dept Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 2 BP S156 EP S167 DI 10.1086/652396 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 608WO UT WOS:000278616900008 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Brunham, RC Byrne, GI Martin, DH Xu, FJ Berman, SM AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Brunham, Robert C. Byrne, Gerald I. Martin, David H. Xu, Fujie Berman, Stuart M. TI Introduction: The Natural History and Immunobiology of Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection and Implications for Chlamydia Control SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID YOUNG-WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; PROGRAM; SWEDEN; IMPACT C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Byrne, Gerald I.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Brunham, Robert C.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 2 BP S85 EP S87 DI 10.1086/652392 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 608WO UT WOS:000278616900001 ER PT J AU Haggerty, CL Gottlieb, SL Taylor, BD Low, N Xu, FJ Ness, RB AF Haggerty, Catherine L. Gottlieb, Sami L. Taylor, Brandie D. Low, Nicola Xu, Fujie Ness, Roberta B. TI Risk of Sequelae after Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection in Women SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; CLINICAL HEALTH PEACH; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; MYCOPLASMA-GENITALIUM; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; TUBAL INFERTILITY; TRACT INFECTION; ACUTE SALPINGITIS AB Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the most common reportable disease in the United States, can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Although C. trachomatis is identified among many women who receive a diagnosis of PID, the incidence and timing of PID and long-term sequelae from an untreated chlamydial infection have not been fully determined. This article examines evidence reviewed as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting; 24 reports were included. We found no prospective studies directly assessing risk of long-term reproductive sequelae, such as infertility, after untreated C. trachomatis infection. Several studies assessed PID diagnosis after untreated chlamydial infection, but rates varied widely, making it difficult to determine an overall estimate. In high-risk settings, 2%-5% of untreated women developed PID within the similar to 2-week period between testing positive for C. trachomatis and returning for treatment. However, the rate of PID progression in the general, asymptomatic population followed up for longer periods appeared to be low. According to the largest studies, after symptomatic PID of any cause has occurred, up to 18% of women may develop infertility. In several studies, repeated chlamydial infection was associated with PID and other reproductive sequelae, although it was difficult to determine whether the risk per infection increased with each recurrent episode. The present review critically evaluates this body of literature and suggests future research directions. Specifically, prospective studies assessing rates of symptomatic PID, subclinical tubal damage, and long-term reproductive sequelae after C. trachomatis infection; better tools to measure PID and tubal damage; and studies on the natural history of repeated chlamydial infections are needed. C1 [Haggerty, Catherine L.; Taylor, Brandie D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ness, Roberta B.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Low, Nicola] Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Haggerty, CL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, 130 DeSoto St,516B Parran Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM haggertyc@edc.pitt.edu NR 76 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 202 SU 2 BP S134 EP S155 DI 10.1086/652395 PG 22 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 608WO UT WOS:000278616900007 ER PT J AU Bailey, GP Sternberg, M Lewis, DA Puren, A AF Bailey, G. Paz Sternberg, M. Lewis, D. A. Puren, A. TI Acute HIV Infections among Men with Genital Ulcer Disease in South Africa SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; MANAGEMENT; STAGE AB We investigated acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among men enrolled in a genital ulcer treatment trial in South Africa. HIV-negative participants were tested at baseline by HIV RNA polymerase chain reaction and followed up after 1 month to measure HIV seroconversion. There were 228 HIV-negative men at baseline; 10 were positive for HIV RNA, and 8 seroconverted to HIV at day 28. The prevalence of acute HIV among HIV-negative men at baseline was 18 (7.9%) of 228 men (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4-11.4) and 18 (2.9%) of 615 men (95% CI, 1.6-4.3) in the overall study population. These data highlight the importance of genital ulcer patients in HIV transmission. C1 [Bailey, G. Paz] Del Valle Univ Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Bailey, G. Paz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Sternberg, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lewis, D. A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis NHLS, STI Reference Ctr, Sandringham, England. [Lewis, D. A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis NHLS, STI Reference Ctr, Sandringham, England. [Puren, A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis NHLS, Specialized Mol Diagnost Unit, Sandringham, England. [Lewis, D. A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Internal Med, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Bailey, GP (reprint author), Del Valle Univ Guatemala, 18 Ave 11-42,Zona 15,Vista Hermosa 3, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. EM gpaz@gt.cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 12 BP 1811 EP 1815 DI 10.1086/652785 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 596LZ UT WOS:000277687900006 ER PT J AU Batteiger, BE Xu, FJ Johnson, RE Rekart, ML AF Batteiger, Byron E. Xu, Fujie Johnson, Robert E. Rekart, Michael L. TI Protective Immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Evidence from Human Studies SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; YOUNG-WOMEN; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; TUBAL INFERTILITY AB Background. Some screening and treatment programs implemented to control Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections and their complications have shown initial reductions in infection prevalence, followed by increases to preprogram levels or higher. One hypothesis is that treatment shortens duration of infection, attenuates development of protective immunity, and thereby, increases risk of reinfection. Methods. A literature review was undertaken to assess evidence supporting the concept of protective immunity, its characteristics, and its laboratory correlates in human chlamydial infection. The discussion is organized around key questions formulated in preparation for the Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting held by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in April 2008. Results. Definitive human studies are not available, but cross-sectional studies show that chlamydia prevalence, organism load, and concordance rates in couples decrease with age, and organism load is lower in those with repeat infections, supporting the concept of protective immunity. The protection appears partial and can be overcome after reexposure, similar to what has been found in rodent models of genital infection. No data are available to define the duration of infection required to confer a degree of immunity or the time course of immunity after resolution of untreated infection. In longitudinal studies involving African sex workers, a group presumed to have frequent and ongoing exposure to chlamydial infection, interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to chlamydial heat-shock protein 60 was associated with low risk of incident infection. In cross-sectional studies, relevant T helper 1 type responses were found in infected persons, paralleling the studies in animal models. Conclusions. The data support the concept that some degree of protective immunity against reinfection develops after human genital infection, although it appears, at best, to be partial. It is likely that factors besides population levels of immunity contribute to trends in prevalence observed in screening and treatment programs. Future studies of protective immunity in humans will require longitudinal follow-up of individuals and populations, frequent biological and behavioral sampling, and special cohorts to help control for exposure. C1 [Batteiger, Byron E.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Batteiger, Byron E.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Xu, Fujie; Johnson, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rekart, Michael L.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Rekart, Michael L.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Batteiger, BE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 545 Barnhill Dr,Emerson Hall,Rm 435, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM bbatteig@iupui.edu FU Sexually Transmitted Infections Cooperative Research Centers, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [U19AI031494]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Sexually Transmitted Infections Cooperative Research Centers, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (U19AI031494 to Stanley Spinola, supporting B.E.B.).; Supplement sponsorship: This article is part of a supplement entitled "Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Natural History, Immunobiology, and Implications for Control Programs," which was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 93 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 SU 2 BP S178 EP S189 DI 10.1086/652400 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 714XD UT WOS:000286841400010 PM 20524235 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Brunham, RC Byrne, GI Martin, DH Xu, FJ Berman, SM AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Brunham, Robert C. Byrne, Gerald I. Martin, David H. Xu, Fujie Berman, Stuart M. TI Introduction: The Natural History and Immunobiology of Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection and Implications for Chlamydia Control SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID YOUNG-WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; PROGRAM; SWEDEN; IMPACT C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Byrne, Gerald I.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Brunham, Robert C.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI019782] NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 SU 2 BP S85 EP S87 DI 10.1086/652392 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 714XD UT WOS:000286841400001 PM 20470045 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Martin, DH Xu, FJ Byrne, GI Brunham, RC AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Martin, David H. Xu, Fujie Byrne, Gerald I. Brunham, Robert C. TI Summary: The Natural History and Immunobiology of Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection and Implications for Chlamydia Control SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; CLINICAL HEALTH PEACH; PIG-TAILED MACAQUES; TUBAL INFERTILITY; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; UNITED-STATES; FOLLOW-UP AB In 2008, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention held the Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting to foster a dialogue among basic scientists, clinical researchers, and epidemiologists studying genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The objectives of the meeting were to determine key questions related to C. trachomatis natural history and immunobiology, with implications for control programs; to review existing data on these key questions; and to delineate research needs to address remaining gaps in knowledge. The 9 articles in this supplement to The Journal of Infectious Diseases describe salient findings presented at the 2008 meeting, and this commentary summarizes and synthesizes these articles and discusses implications for chlamydia control efforts and future research priorities. C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Byrne, Gerald I.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Brunham, Robert C.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supplement sponsorship: This article is part of a supplement entitled "Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Natural History, Immunobiology, and Implications for Control Programs," which was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 121 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 SU 2 BP S190 EP S204 DI 10.1086/652401 PG 15 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 714XD UT WOS:000286841400011 PM 20524236 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Berman, SM Low, N AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Berman, Stuart M. Low, Nicola TI Screening and Treatment to Prevent Sequelae in Women with Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: How Much Do We Know? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; FOLLOW-UP; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATION; PROGRAM; SWEDEN; TRENDS AB Background. An important question for chlamydia control programs is the extent to which finding and treating prevalent, asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection reduces reproductive sequelae in infected women. Methods. We reviewed the literature to critically evaluate evidence on the effect of chlamydia screening on development of sequelae in infected women. Results. Two randomized controlled trials of 1-time screening for chlamydial infection-in a Seattle-area health maintenance organization and a Danish school district-revealed that screening was associated with an similar to 50% reduction in the incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease over the following year. However, both of these trials had methodological issues that may have affected the magnitude of observed screening benefits and might limit generalizability to other populations. A large, nonrandomized cohort of chlamydia screening among US Army recruits, although limited by lack of outpatient data, did not find a benefit of similar magnitude to the randomized trials. Methodological limitations restrict valid conclusions about individual benefits of screening using data from historical cohorts and ecological studies. We identified no trials directly evaluating the effect of chlamydia screening on subclinical tubal inflammation or damage, ectopic pregnancy, or tubal factor infertility and no studies addressing the effects of >1 round of screening, the optimal frequency of screening, or the benefits of screening for repeat infections. Conclusions. Additional studies of the effectiveness of chlamydia screening would be valuable; feasible study designs may depend on the degree to which screening programs are already established. In addition, better natural history data on the timing of tubal inflammation and damage after C. trachomatis infection and development of more accurate, noninvasive tools to assess chlamydial sequelae are essential to informing chlamydia control efforts. C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Low, Nicola] Univ Bern, Dept Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgottlieb@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supplement sponsorship: This article is part of a supplement entitled "Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Natural History, Immunobiology, and Implications for Control Programs," which was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 SU 2 BP S156 EP S167 DI 10.1086/652396 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 714XD UT WOS:000286841400008 PM 20470051 ER PT J AU Haggerty, CL Gottlieb, SL Taylor, BD Low, N Xu, FJ Ness, RB AF Haggerty, Catherine L. Gottlieb, Sami L. Taylor, Brandie D. Low, Nicola Xu, Fujie Ness, Roberta B. TI Risk of Sequelae after Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection in Women SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; CLINICAL HEALTH PEACH; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; MYCOPLASMA-GENITALIUM; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; TUBAL INFERTILITY; TRACT INFECTION; ACUTE SALPINGITIS AB Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the most common reportable disease in the United States, can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Although C. trachomatis is identified among many women who receive a diagnosis of PID, the incidence and timing of PID and long-term sequelae from an untreated chlamydial infection have not been fully determined. This article examines evidence reviewed as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chlamydia Immunology and Control Expert Advisory Meeting; 24 reports were included. We found no prospective studies directly assessing risk of long-term reproductive sequelae, such as infertility, after untreated C. trachomatis infection. Several studies assessed PID diagnosis after untreated chlamydial infection, but rates varied widely, making it difficult to determine an overall estimate. In high-risk settings, 2%-5% of untreated women developed POD within the similar to 2-week period between testing positive for C. trachomatis and returning for treatment. However, the rate of PID progression in the general, asymptomatic population followed up for longer periods appeared to be low. According to the largest studies, after symptomatic PID of any cause has occurred, up to 18% of women may develop infertility. In several studies, repeated chlamydial infection was associated with POD and other reproductive sequelae, although it was difficult to determine whether the risk per infection increased with each recurrent episode. The present review critically evaluates this body of literature and suggests future research directions. Specifically, prospective studies assessing rates of symptomatic PID, subclinical tubal damage, and long-term reproductive sequelae after C. trachomatis infection; better tools to measure PID and tubal damage; and studies on the natural history of repeated chlamydial infections are needed. C1 [Haggerty, Catherine L.; Taylor, Brandie D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ness, Roberta B.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Low, Nicola] Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Haggerty, CL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, 130 DeSoto St,516B Parran Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM haggertyc@edc.pitt.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supplement sponsorship: This article is part of a supplement entitled "Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infection: Natural History, Immunobiology, and Implications for Control Programs," which was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 76 TC 108 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 201 SU 2 BP S134 EP S155 DI 10.1086/652395 PG 22 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 714XD UT WOS:000286841400007 PM 20470050 ER PT J AU Conteh, L Sicuri, E Manzi, F Hutton, G Obonyo, B Tediosi, F Biao, P Masika, P Matovu, F Otieno, P Gosling, RD Hamel, M Odhiambo, FO Grobusch, MP Kremsner, PG Chandramohan, D Aponte, JJ Egan, A Schellenberg, D Macete, E Slutsker, L Newman, RD Alonso, P Menendez, C Tanner, M AF Conteh, Lesong Sicuri, Elisa Manzi, Fatuma Hutton, Guy Obonyo, Benson Tediosi, Fabrizio Biao, Prosper Masika, Paul Matovu, Fred Otieno, Peter Gosling, Roly D. Hamel, Mary Odhiambo, Frank O. Grobusch, Martin P. Kremsner, Peter G. Chandramohan, Daniel Aponte, John J. Egan, Andrea Schellenberg, David Macete, Eusebio Slutsker, Laurence Newman, Robert D. Alonso, Pedro Menendez, Clara Tanner, Marcel TI The Cost-Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Infants in Sub-Saharan Africa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS; ROUTINE VACCINATIONS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; TANZANIAN INFANTS; SOUTHERN TANZANIA; EXPANDED PROGRAM; DELIVERY-SYSTEM; VECTOR CONTROL; ANEMIA CONTROL AB Background: Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) has been shown to decrease clinical malaria by approximately 30% in the first year of life and is a promising malaria control strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa which can be delivered alongside the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI). To date, there have been limited data on the cost-effectiveness of this strategy using sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) and no published data on cost-effectiveness using other antimalarials. Methods: We analysed data from 5 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using a total of 5 different IPTi drug regimens; SP, mefloquine (MQ), 3 days of chlorproguanil-dapsone (CD), SP plus 3 days of artesunate (SP-AS3) and 3 days of amodiaquine-artesunate (AQ3-AS3). The cost per malaria episode averted and cost per Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) averted were modeled using both trial specific protective efficacy (PE) for all IPTi drugs and a pooled PE for IPTi with SP, malaria incidence, an estimated malaria case fatality rate of 1.57%, IPTi delivery costs and country specific provider and household malaria treatment costs. Findings: In sites where IPTi had a significant effect on reducing malaria, the cost per episode averted for IPTi-SP was very low, USD 1.36-4.03 based on trial specific data and USD 0.68-2.27 based on the pooled analysis. For IPTi using alternative antimalarials, the lowest cost per case averted was for AQ3-AS3 in western Kenya (USD 4.62) and the highest was for MQ in Korowge, Tanzania (USD 18.56). Where efficacious, based only on intervention costs, IPTi was shown to be cost effective in all the sites and highly cost-effective in all but one of the sites, ranging from USD 2.90 (Ifakara, Tanzania with SP) to USD 39.63 (Korogwe, Tanzania with MQ) per DALY averted. In addition, IPTi reduced health system costs and showed significant savings to households from malaria cases averted. A threshold analysis showed that there is room for the IPTi-efficacy to fall and still remain highly cost effective in all sites where IPTi had a statistically significant effect on clinical malaria. Conclusions: IPTi delivered alongside the EPI is a highly cost effective intervention against clinical malaria with a range of drugs in a range of malaria transmission settings. Where IPTi did not have a statistically significant impact on malaria, generally in low transmission sites, it was not cost effective. C1 [Conteh, Lesong; Hutton, Guy; Tediosi, Fabrizio; Tanner, Marcel] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [Sicuri, Elisa; Aponte, John J.; Egan, Andrea; Alonso, Pedro; Menendez, Clara] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Hosp Clin, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. [Sicuri, Elisa; Alonso, Pedro; Menendez, Clara] CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain. [Manzi, Fatuma] IHI, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Obonyo, Benson; Otieno, Peter; Hamel, Mary; Odhiambo, Frank O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Tediosi, Fabrizio] Univ Boconni, Milan, Italy. [Masika, Paul] Natl Inst Med Res, Tanga, Tanzania. [Matovu, Fred] Makerere Univ, Fac Econ & Management, Kampala, Uganda. [Conteh, Lesong; Gosling, Roly D.; Chandramohan, Daniel; Schellenberg, David; Slutsker, Laurence; Newman, Robert D.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Hamel, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Albert Schweitzer Hosp, Resp Med Unit, Lambarene, Gabon. [Grobusch, Martin P.; Kremsner, Peter G.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Div Infect Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Grobusch, Martin P.; Kremsner, Peter G.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany. [Macete, Eusebio; Alonso, Pedro; Menendez, Clara] Manhica Hlth Res Ctr, Manhica, Mozambique. RP Conteh, L (reprint author), Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. EM lesong.conteh@lshtm.ac.uk RI Sicuri, Elisa/L-8012-2014; Agyemang, Samuel/H-8377-2014; OI Sicuri, Elisa/0000-0002-2499-2732; Tediosi, Fabrizio/0000-0001-8671-9400 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Global Health Foundation [38479] FX The work was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Global Health Foundation, Grant Number 38479. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 6 AR e10313 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010313 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 610YF UT WOS:000278775900001 PM 20559558 ER PT J AU Montaquila, JM Brick, JM Curtin, LR AF Montaquila, Jill M. Brick, J. Michael Curtin, Lester R. TI Statistical and practical issues in the design of a national probability sample of births for the Vanguard Study of the National Children's Study SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE multistage sample; area probability sample; primary sampling unit; segment; listing AB The National Children's Study is a national household probability sample designed to identify 100 000 children at birth and follow the sampled children for 21 years. Data from the study will support examining numerous hypotheses concerning genetic and environmental effects on the health and development of children. The goals of the study present substantial challenges. For example, the need for preconception, prenatal, and postnatal data requires identifying women in the early stages of pregnancy, the collection of many types of data, and the retention of the children over time. In this paper, we give an overview of the sample design used in a pilot study called the Vanguard Study, and highlight the approaches used to address these challenges. We will also describe the rationale for the sampling choices made at each stage, the unique organizational structure of the NCS and issues we expect to face during implementation. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Montaquila, Jill M.; Brick, J. Michael] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Montaquila, Jill M.; Brick, J. Michael] Univ Maryland, Joint Program Survey Methodol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Curtin, Lester R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Montaquila, JM (reprint author), WESTAT Corp, 1600 Res Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jillmontaquila@westat.com RI brick, j michael/G-7582-2014 OI brick, j michael/0000-0003-3490-8925 FU NICHD NIH HHS [HHSN275200503395C, N01-HD-5-3395, N01HD53395]; PHS HHS [HHSN275200503395C] NR 11 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 13 BP 1368 EP 1376 DI 10.1002/sim.3891 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA 614LJ UT WOS:000279060000003 PM 20527010 ER PT J AU O'Hare, AM Hailpern, SM Pavkov, ME Rios-Burrows, N Gupta, I Maynard, C Todd-Stenberg, J Rodriguez, RA Hemmelgarn, BR Saran, R Williams, DE AF O'Hare, Ann M. Hailpern, Susan M. Pavkov, Meda E. Rios-Burrows, Nilka Gupta, Indra Maynard, Charles Todd-Stenberg, Jeff Rodriguez, Rudolph A. Hemmelgarn, Brenda R. Saran, Rajiv Williams, Desmond E. TI Prognostic Implications of the Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio in Veterans of Different Ages With Diabetes SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; NONDIABETIC INDIVIDUALS; RISK-FACTORS; MICROALBUMINURIA; POPULATION; DEATH; OUTCOMES AB Background: Albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of death independent of level of renal function. Whether this association is similar for adults of all ages is not known. Methods: We examined the association between the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and all-cause mortality after stratification by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and age group in 94 934 veterans with diabetes mellitus. Cohort members had at least 1 ACR recorded in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System between October 1, 2002, and September 30, 2003, and were followed up for death through October 15, 2009. Results: From the youngest to the oldest age group, the prevalence of an eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) ranged from 11% to 41%; microalbuminuria (ACR 30299 mg/g) ranged from 19% to 28%; and macroalbuminuria (ACR >= 300 mg/g) ranged from 3.2% to 3.7%. Of patients with an eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), 72% of those younger than 65 years, 74% of those 65 to 74 years old, and 59% of those 75 years and older had an eGFR of 45 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m(2). In all age groups, less than 35% of these patients had albuminuria (ie, ACR >= 30 mg/g). In patients 75 years and older, the ACR was independently associated with an increased risk of death at all levels of eGFR after adjusting for potential confounders. In younger age groups, this association was present at higher levels of eGFRs but seemed to be attenuated at lower levels. Conclusion: The ACR is independently associated with mortality at all levels of eGFR in older adults with diabetes and may be particularly helpful for risk stratification in the large group with moderate reductions in eGFR. C1 [O'Hare, Ann M.; Rodriguez, Rudolph A.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [O'Hare, Ann M.; Gupta, Indra; Maynard, Charles; Todd-Stenberg, Jeff] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. [O'Hare, Ann M.; Rodriguez, Rudolph A.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Hailpern, Susan M.; Pavkov, Meda E.; Rios-Burrows, Nilka; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hemmelgarn, Brenda R.] Univ Calgary, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Saran, Rajiv] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP O'Hare, AM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Primary & Specialty Med Serv Line, Nephrol & Renal Dialysis Unit, Bldg 100,Room 5B113,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM ann.ohare@va.gov RI Hemmelgarn, Brenda/I-6894-2012; Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 FU National Institute on Aging; Japanese Society for Footcare; UpToDate; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; VA Puget Sound Health Care System FX Financial Disclosure: Dr O'Hare receives research support from the National Institute on Aging and has received royalties from UpToDate and speaker fees from the Japanese Society for Footcare in the past year.; Funding/Support: This work was supported by an Interagency Agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the VA Puget Sound Health Care System. NR 29 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 14 PY 2010 VL 170 IS 11 BP 930 EP 936 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 610YA UT WOS:000278775100005 PM 20548004 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M Berkowitz, Z Yabroff, KR Wideroff, L Kobrin, S Benard, V AF Saraiya, Mona Berkowitz, Zahava Yabroff, K. Robin Wideroff, Louise Kobrin, Sarah Benard, Vicki TI Cervical Cancer Screening With Both Human Papillomavirus and Papanicolaou Testing vs Papanicolaou Testing Alone What Screening Intervals Are Physicians Recommending? SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; CONVENTIONAL CYTOLOGY; NATIONAL BREAST; OPINION LEADERS; WOMEN; RISK; DNA; MANAGEMENT; NEOPLASIA AB Background: Guidelines recommend screening for cervical cancer among women 30 years or older 3 years after a normal Papanicolaou test (hereinafter referred to as Pap test) result or a combined normal screening result (normal Pap/negative human papillomavirus [HPV] test results). We assessed reported recommendations by US primary care physicians (PCPs) on screening intervals that incorporate HPV cotesting compared with Pap testing alone. Methods: From September 1, 2006, through May 31, 2007, we conducted a mailed survey of a representative sample of 1212 PCPs, of whom 950 performed Pap tests and recommended the HPV test for screening or management. The main outcome measure included self-reported data on timing of screening intervals for women with normal results using clinical vignettes. Results: Among Pap test providers who recommend HPV testing, 31.8% reported that they would conduct the next Pap test in 3 years for a 35-year-old woman with 3 normal Pap test results. For a 35-year-old woman with a normal Pap test result and a negative HPV test finding, only 19.0% would conduct the next Pap test in 3 years. Most remaining physicians would conduct the Pap test more frequently. Most PCPs did not recommend a second HPV test or recommended the next HPV test at the same frequency as the Pap test. Physician specialty was strongly associated with guideline-consistent recommendations for the next Pap or HPV test. Conclusions: A lower proportion of PCPs recommend extending screening intervals to 3 years with an HPV cotest than those screening with the Pap test alone. Implementation of effective interventions and strategies that improve physician adherence to recommendations will be important for efficient screening practices. C1 [Saraiya, Mona; Berkowitz, Zahava; Benard, Vicki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Yabroff, K. Robin; Wideroff, Louise; Kobrin, Sarah] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov RI Hernandez, Jessica/G-6527-2011; OI Yabroff, K. Robin/0000-0003-0644-5572 FU National Cancer Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality FX Funding/Support: This study was supported by the National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. NR 46 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 14 PY 2010 VL 170 IS 11 BP 977 EP 985 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 610YA UT WOS:000278775100012 PM 20548011 ER PT J AU Tebbens, RJD Pallansch, MA Alexander, JP Thompson, KM AF Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer Pallansch, Mark A. Alexander, James P. Thompson, Kimberly M. TI Optimal vaccine stockpile design for an eradicated disease: Application to polio SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine stockpile; Optimization; Dynamics; Polio eradication ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; POLIOMYELITIS OUTBREAKS; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DYNAMIC-MODEL; WAITING-TIMES; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA; RISKS; POLIOVIRUSES AB Eradication of a disease promises significant health and financial benefits. Preserving those benefits, hopefully in perpetuity, requires preparing for the possibility that the causal agent could re-emerge (unintentionally or intentionally). In the case of a vaccine-preventable disease, creation and planning for the use of a vaccine stockpile becomes a primary concern. Doing so requires consideration of the dynamics at different levels, including the stockpile supply chain and transmission of the causal agent. This paper develops a mathematical framework for determining the optimal management of a vaccine stockpile over time. We apply the framework to the polio vaccine stockpile for the post-eradication era and present examples of solutions to one possible framing of the optimization problem. We use the framework to discuss issues relevant to the development and use of the polio vaccine stockpile, including capacity constraints, production and filling delays, risks associated with the stockpile, dynamics and uncertainty of vaccine needs, issues of funding, location, and serotype dependent behavior, and the implications of likely changes over time that might occur. This framework serves as a helpful context for discussions and analyses related to the process of designing and maintaining a stockpile for an eradicated disease. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Appl Math, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. [Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer; Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, Newton, MA 02459 USA. [Pallansch, Mark A.; Alexander, James P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tebbens, RJD (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 2 Seaport Lane,11th Floor, Boston, MA 02210 USA. EM rdt@kidrisk.org FU CDC [U01 IP000029, NVPO N37 (FY2005)] FX Drs. Duintjer Tebbens and Thompson acknowledge support for their work from CDC Grant U01 IP000029 and under NVPO N37 (FY2005). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors thank Margaret Watkins, Steve Wassilak, and Steve Cochi for helpful comments. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for excellent comments that significantly improved the manuscript. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 11 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 26 BP 4312 EP 4327 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.001 PG 16 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 615IA UT WOS:000279127000012 PM 20430122 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM AF Uyeki, Timothy M. TI 2009 H1N1 Virus Transmission and Outbreaks. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFLUENZA; CHILDREN C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 10 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 23 BP 2221 EP 2223 DI 10.1056/NEJMe1004468 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 608AL UT WOS:000278551500013 PM 20558374 ER PT J AU Harris, KM Maurer, J Black, CL Euler, GL LeBaron, CW Singleton, JA Fiore, AE MacCannell, TF AF Harris, K. M. Maurer, J. Black, C. L. Euler, G. L. LeBaron, C. W. Singleton, J. A. Fiore, A. E. MacCannell, T. F. TI Interim Results: Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent and Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Health-Care Personnel-United States, August 2009-January 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 357-362, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WORKERS C1 [Harris, K. M.; Maurer, J.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. [Black, C. L.; Euler, G. L.; LeBaron, C. W.; Singleton, J. A.] CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fiore, A. E.] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MacCannell, T. F.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Harris, KM (reprint author), RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 9 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 22 BP 2242 EP 2245 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 607IY UT WOS:000278496800010 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Ding, H Euler, GL Furlow, C Bryan, LN Bardenheier, B Yankey, D Monsell, E Gonzalez-Feliciano, AG LeBaron, C Singleton, JA Town, M Balluz, L AF Lu, P. J. Ding, H. Euler, G. L. Furlow, C. Bryan, L. N. Bardenheier, B. Yankey, D. Monsell, E. Gonzalez-Feliciano, A. G. LeBaron, C. Singleton, J. A. Town, M. Balluz, L. TI Interim Results: State-Specific Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccination Coverage-United States, October 2009-January 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 363-368, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Town, M.; Balluz, L.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 9 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 22 BP 2245 EP 2247 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 607IY UT WOS:000278496800011 ER PT J AU Schaefer, MK Jhung, M Dahl, M Schillie, S Simpson, C Llata, E Link-Gelles, R Sinkowitz-Cochran, R Patel, P Bolyard, E Sehulster, L Srinivasan, A Perz, JF AF Schaefer, Melissa K. Jhung, Michael Dahl, Marilyn Schillie, Sarah Simpson, Crystal Llata, Eloisa Link-Gelles, Ruth Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda Patel, Priti Bolyard, Elizabeth Sehulster, Lynne Srinivasan, Arjun Perz, Joseph F. TI Infection Control Assessment of Ambulatory Surgical Centers SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; B VIRUS; OUTBREAK; CONTAMINATION; TRANSMISSION AB Context More than 5000 ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) in the United States participate in the Medicare program. Little is known about infection control practices in ASCs. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) piloted an infection control audit tool in a sample of ASC inspections to assess facility adherence to recommended practices. Objective To describe infection control practices in a sample of ASCs. Design, Setting, and Participants All State Survey Agencies were invited to participate. Seven states volunteered; 3 were selected based on geographic dispersion, number of ASCs each state committed to inspect, and relative cost per inspection. A stratified random sample of ASCs was selected from each state. Sample size was based on the number of inspections each state estimated it could complete between June and October 2008. Sixty-eight ASCs were assessed; 32 in Maryland, 16 in North Carolina, and 20 in Oklahoma. Surveyors from CMS, trained in use of the audit tool, assessed compliance with specific infection control practices. Assessments focused on 5 areas of infection control: hand hygiene, injection safety and medication handling, equipment reprocessing, environmental cleaning, and handling of blood glucose monitoring equipment. Main Outcome Measures Proportion of facilities with lapses in each infection control category. Results Overall, 46 of 68 ASCs (67.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 55.9%-77.9%) had at least 1 lapse in infection control; 12 of 68 ASCs (17.6%; 95% CI, 9.9%-28.1%) had lapses identified in 3 or more of the 5 infection control categories. Common lapses included using single-dose medication vials for more than 1 patient (18/64; 28.1%; 95% CI, 18.2%-40.0%), failing to adhere to recommended practices regarding reprocessing of equipment (19/67; 28.4%; 95% CI, 18.6%-40.0%), and lapses in handling of blood glucose monitoring equipment (25/54; 46.3%; 95% CI, 33.4%-59.6%). Conclusion Among a sample of US ASCs in 3 states, lapses in infection control were common. JAMA. 2010; 303(22): 2273-2279 C1 [Schaefer, Melissa K.; Jhung, Michael; Schillie, Sarah; Llata, Eloisa; Link-Gelles, Ruth; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda; Patel, Priti; Bolyard, Elizabeth; Sehulster, Lynne; Srinivasan, Arjun; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schaefer, Melissa K.; Schillie, Sarah; Llata, Eloisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dahl, Marilyn; Simpson, Crystal] Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Ctr Medicaid & State Operat, Survey & Certificat Grp, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Schaefer, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mschaefer@cdc.gov FU Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services FX Funding for the pilot ASC inspections was provided by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. NR 25 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 9 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 22 BP 2273 EP 2279 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.744 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 607IY UT WOS:000278496800026 PM 20530781 ER PT J AU Lin, ND Kleinman, K Chan, KA Soumerai, S Mehta, J Mullooly, JP Shay, DK Kolczak, M Lieu, TA AF Lin, Nancy D. Kleinman, Ken Chan, K. Arnold Soumerai, Stephen Mehta, Jyotsna Mullooly, John P. Shay, David K. Kolczak, Margarette Lieu, Tracy A. CA Vaccine Safety Datalink Team TI Multiple vaccinations and the risk of medically attended fever SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccines; Immunizations; Safety; Adverse events; Fever ID VACCINE SAFETY DATALINK; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; LONGITUDINAL DATA-ANALYSIS; ROTAVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; UNDERSTAND; CHILDREN; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION AB Recent increases in the number of vaccinations recommended for infants have triggered concerns about the safety of multiple vaccinations. This study evaluated rates of medically attended fever after infant vaccination using computerized data from 1991 to 2000 from two large U.S. provider groups. The rate of medically attended fever within 7 days after vaccination was low (6.4 per 1000 vaccination visits) and did not increase during the decade. Higher rates of fever occurred during periods when a third dose of oral polio vaccine was used (1994-1995) and when a now-discontinued oral rotavirus vaccine was used (1998-1999). These findings offer reassurance that the multiple vaccinations introduced during the decade studied were not associated with increases in medically attended fever. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lin, Nancy D.; Kleinman, Ken; Soumerai, Stephen; Mehta, Jyotsna; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Lin, Nancy D.; Kleinman, Ken; Soumerai, Stephen; Mehta, Jyotsna; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chan, K. Arnold] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lin, Nancy D.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy, Ctr Primary Care & Outcomes Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lieu, Tracy A.] Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mullooly, John P.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Shay, David K.; Kolczak, Margarette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lieu, TA (reprint author), Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM tracy_lieu@harvardpilgrim.org OI Chan, Kinwei/0000-0001-8161-1986; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [200-2002-00732]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, National Research Service Award [HS000028-19] FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, via contract 200-2002-00732 (the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project) with America's Health Insurance Plans. Dr. Lin's effort was supported in part by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, National Research Service Award, HS000028-19. We gratefully acknowledge our colleagues at the Department of Population Medicine, especially Megan O'Brien, MPH, for local coordination of the VSD project, Richard Fox, MA, for his management of the automated analytic databases, Jonathan Finkelstein, MD, and Katherine Yih, PhD, for their thoughtful comments, and Richard Platt, MD, MPH, for his senior leadership of the project. We thank Ben Kruskal, MD, of Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates for providing useful historical context. Contributors: We appreciate the contributions of Karen Riedlinger, MPH, who prepared the analytic databases at Kaiser Permanente Northwest for this study. We appreciate the guidance of our other collaborators at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including Robert Chen, MD, Robert Davis, MD, MPH, Frank DeStefano, MD, James Baggs, PhD, and Eric Weintraub, MPH. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 7 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 25 BP 4169 EP 4174 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.014 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 614EZ UT WOS:000279039500008 PM 20409495 ER PT J AU Montesano, MA Whitehead, RD Jayatilaka, NK Kuklenyik, P Davis, MD Needham, LL Barr, DB AF Montesano, M. Angela Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr. Jayatilaka, Nayana K. Kuklenyik, Peter Davis, Mark D. Needham, Larry L. Barr, Dana Boyd TI Measurement of ethyl methanesulfonate in human plasma and breast milk samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Ethyl methanesulfonate; EMS; HPLC; Mass spectrometry; Electrospray ionization ID GC-MS METHOD; METHYL METHANESULFONATE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; METHANE SULFONATE; DRUG SUBSTANCES; VALIDATION; MESYLATE; SALT; ACID AB Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a mesylate ester, which is known to be a potent mutagen, teratogen, and possibly carcinogen. Mesylate esters have been found in pharmaceuticals as contaminants formed during the manufacturing process and may potentially pose an exposure hazard to humans. We have developed and validated a method for detection of trace amounts (ng/ml levels) of EMS in human plasma and breast milk. The samples were extracted by matrix solid-phase dispersion with ethyl acetate using Hydromatrix (TM) and the ASE 200 Accelerated Solvent Extractor. The extracts were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a HILIC column. The detection was performed with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (TSQ Quantum Ultra, Thermo Electron Corporation) using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in negative-ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring. The use of a surrogate internal standard in combination with HPLC-MS/MS provided a high degree of accuracy and precision. The extraction efficiency was greater than 70%. Repeated analyses of plasma and breast milk samples spiked with high (100 ng/ml), medium (50 ng/ml) and low (5 ng/ml) concentrations of the analytes gave relative standard deviations of less than 12%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.5-0.9 ng/ml for both matrices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Montesano, M. Angela; Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr.; Jayatilaka, Nayana K.; Kuklenyik, Peter; Davis, Mark D.; Needham, Larry L.; Barr, Dana Boyd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, DB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dbbarr@emory.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD JUN 5 PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 260 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.12.030 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 561LV UT WOS:000274979700014 PM 20102787 ER PT J AU Yusuf, HR Atrash, HK AF Yusuf, Hussain R. Atrash, Hani K. TI Parents' death and survival of their children SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID MATERNAL MORTALITY C1 [Yusuf, Hussain R.; Atrash, Hani K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yusuf, HR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 5 PY 2010 VL 375 IS 9730 BP 1944 EP 1946 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 609WT UT WOS:000278689600006 PM 20569825 ER PT J AU Zheng, HQ Wolfe, ND Sintasath, DM Tamoufe, U LeBreton, M Djoko, CF Diffo, JL Pike, BL Heneine, W Switzer, WM AF Zheng, HaoQiang Wolfe, Nathan D. Sintasath, David M. Tamoufe, Ubald LeBreton, Matthew Djoko, Cyrille F. Diffo, Joseph Le Doux Pike, Brian L. Heneine, Walid Switzer, William M. TI Emergence of a novel and highly divergent HTLV-3 in a primate hunter in Cameroon SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Retrovirus; Zoonoses; HTLV; STLV; Emergence; Nonhuman primates; Hunters; Evolution; Diversity ID CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; CERCOCEBUS-TORQUATUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; TAX ONCOPROTEIN; PAPIO-HAMADRYAS; GENOME ANALYSIS; CENTRAL-AFRICA; PDZ DOMAIN AB The recent discovery of human T-lmphotropic virus type 3 (HTLV-3) in Cameroon highlights the importance of expanded surveillance to better understand the prevalence and public health impact of this new retrovirus. HTLV diversity was investigated in 408 persons in rural Cameroon who reported simian exposures. Plasma from 29 persons (7.2%) had reactive serology. HTLV tax sequences were detected in 3 persons. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed HTLV-1 infection in two individuals and HTLV-3 infection in a third person (Cam2013AB). The complete proviral genome from Cam2013AB shared 98% identity and clustered tightly in distinct lineage with simian T-lymphotropic virus type 3 (STLV-3) subtype D recently identified in two guenon monkeys near this person's village. These results document a fourth HTLV-3 infection with a new and highly divergent strain we designate HTLV-3 (Cam2013AB) subtype D demonstrating the existence of a broad HTLV-3 diversity likely originating from multiple zoonotic transmissions of divergent STLV-3. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zheng, HaoQiang; Heneine, Walid; Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.; Tamoufe, Ubald; LeBreton, Matthew; Djoko, Cyrille F.; Diffo, Joseph Le Doux; Pike, Brian L.] Global Viral Forecasting Initiat, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Stanford Univ, Program Human Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sintasath, David M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [DP1-OD000370]; WW Smith Charitable Trust; US Military HIV Research Program; NIH Fogarty International Center [5 K01TW000003-05]; AIDS International Training and Research Program [2 D 43 TW000010-17-AITRP]; National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration [7762-04]; National Science Foundation; Edward and Kathy Ludwig Scholarship; Skoll Foundation FX N.D.W. was supported by awards from the National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award (Grant DP1-OD000370), the WW Smith Charitable Trust, the US Military HIV Research Program, and grants from the NIH Fogarty International Center (International Research Scientist Development Award Grant 5 K01TW000003-05), AIDS International Training and Research Program (Grant 2 D 43 TW000010-17-AITRP), and the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration (Grant 7762-04). D.M.S. was funded through a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the Edward and Kathy Ludwig Scholarship. This research was supported in part by the Global Viral Forecasting Initiative, Google. org, and The Skoll Foundation. We thank the entire staff of GVFI-Cameroon for their support and assistance. The collaboration of numerous hunters participating voluntarily in the GVFI surveillance program is also appreciated. The Cameroon Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Ministry of Forestry and Fauna and Ministry of Public Health provided authorizations and support for this work. We also thank Dr. Donald Burke for helping to establish these study sites. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 49 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 5 PY 2010 VL 401 IS 2 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.010 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 593IL UT WOS:000277447000003 PM 20353873 ER PT J AU Brown, DW Anda, RF Felitti, VJ Edwards, VJ Malarcher, AM Croft, JB Giles, WH AF Brown, David W. Anda, Robert F. Felitti, Vincent J. Edwards, Valerie J. Malarcher, Ann Marie Croft, Janet B. Giles, Wayne H. TI Adverse childhood experiences are associated with the risk of lung cancer: a prospective cohort study (vol 10, 20, 2010) SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Correction C1 [Brown, David W.; Anda, Robert F.; Edwards, Valerie J.; Malarcher, Ann Marie; Croft, Janet B.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brown, David W.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Netherlands Inst Hlth Sci, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Felitti, Vincent J.] Kaiser Permanente, So Calif Permanente Grp, San Diego, CA USA. RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dwbrown.6@gmail.com NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 4 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 311 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-311 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 625PR UT WOS:000279908000004 ER PT J AU Sikulu, M Killeen, GF Hugo, LE Ryan, PA Dowell, KM Wirtz, RA Moore, SJ Dowell, FE AF Sikulu, Maggy Killeen, Gerry F. Hugo, Leon E. Ryan, Peter A. Dowell, Kayla M. Wirtz, Robert A. Moore, Sarah J. Dowell, Floyd E. TI Near-infrared spectroscopy as a complementary age grading and species identification tool for African malaria vectors SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS; TANZANIA; INSECTS; COMPLEX AB Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was recently applied to age-grade and differentiate laboratory reared Anopheles gambiae sensu strico and Anopheles arabiensis sibling species of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato complex. In this study, we report further on the accuracy of this tool for simultaneously estimating the age class and differentiating the morphologically indistinguishable An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis from semi-field releases and wild populations. Nine different ages (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16 d) of An. arabiensis and eight different ages (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 d) of An. gambiae s.s. maintained in 250 x 60 x 40 cm cages within a semi-field large-cage system and 105 wild-caught female An. gambiae s.l., were included in this study. NIRS classified female An. arabiensis and An. gambiae s.s. maintained in semi-field cages as <7 d old or >= 7 d old with 89% (n = 377) and 78% (n = 327) accuracy, respectively, and differentiated them with 89% (n = 704) accuracy. Wild caught An. gambiae s.l. were identified with 90% accuracy (n = 105) whereas their predicted ages were consistent with the expected mean chronological ages of the physiological age categories determined by dissections. These findings have importance for monitoring control programmes where reduction in the proportion of older mosquitoes that have the ability to transmit malaria is an important outcome. C1 [Sikulu, Maggy; Ryan, Peter A.] Joint Program Griffith Univ, Griffith Med Res Coll, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. [Sikulu, Maggy] Queensland Inst Med Res, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. [Killeen, Gerry F.] Liverpool Sch Trop Med & Hyg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Moore, Sarah J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Sikulu, M (reprint author), Joint Program Griffith Univ, Griffith Med Res Coll, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. EM maggysikulu@yahoo.com FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [51431, 45114]; Research Career Development Fellowship [076806]; Wellcome Trust; IAEA fellowship FX We thank the insectary staff at IHI; Paulina Kasanga, and Ally Daraja for rearing mosquitoes and Hassan Mtambala, Peter Pazia, Daniel Lugiko, Nuru Nchimbi and Japheth Kihonda for their technical assistance. We thank residents of Njage village for allowing us to trap mosquitoes in their houses. We acknowledge the Griffith Medical Research College and the Science, Engineering, Environment and Technology group, Griffith University, for providing a PhD scholarship to MS. This study was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (awards 51431 and 45114) as well as a Research Career Development Fellowship (076806) provided to GFK by the Wellcome Trust and IAEA fellowship funding provided to FED. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD JUN 4 PY 2010 VL 3 AR 49 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-3-49 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 630MY UT WOS:000280278700001 PM 20525305 ER PT J AU Cain, KP Heilig, CM Varma, JK AF Cain, Kevin P. Heilig, Charles M. Varma, Jay K. TI Tuberculosis Screening and Diagnosis in People with HIV REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Cain, Kevin P.; Heilig, Charles M.; Varma, Jay K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cain, KP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kcain@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008; Mitchell, Ellen/H-5475-2013 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310; NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 3 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 22 BP 2139 EP 2140 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603XU UT WOS:000278242200026 ER PT J AU SteelFisher, GK Blendon, RJ Bekheit, MM Lubell, K AF SteelFisher, Gillian K. Blendon, Robert J. Bekheit, Mark M. Lubell, Keri TI The Public's Response to the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [SteelFisher, Gillian K.; Blendon, Robert J.; Bekheit, Mark M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Blendon, Robert J.] Harvard Univ, John F Kennedy Sch Govt, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lubell, Keri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP SteelFisher, GK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 3 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 22 DI 10.1056/NEJMp1005102 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603XU UT WOS:000278242200004 ER PT J AU Chiang, CF Lo, MK Rota, PA Spiropoulou, CF Rollin, PE AF Chiang, Cheng-Feng Lo, Michael K. Rota, Paul A. Spiropoulou, Christina F. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Use of monoclonal antibodies against Hendra and Nipah viruses in an antigen capture ELISA SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MOUTH-DISEASE; W PROTEINS; V-PROTEIN; HENIPAVIRUS; INFECTION; BATS; PARAMYXOVIRUS AB Background: Outbreaks of Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV) viruses have been reported starting in 1994 and 1998, respectively. Both viruses are capable of causing fatal disease in humans and effecting great economical loss in the livestock industry. Results: Through screening of hybridomas derived from mice immunized with gamma-irradiated Nipah virus, we identified two secreted antibodies; one reactive with the nucleocapsid (N) protein and the other, the phosphoprotein (P) of henipaviruses. Epitope mapping and protein sequence alignments between NiV and HeV suggest the last 14 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus of the N protein is the target of the anti-N antibody. The anti-P antibody recognizes an epitope in the amino-terminal half of P protein. These monoclonal antibodies were used to develop two antigen capture ELISAs, one for virus detection and the other for differentiation between NiV and HeV. The lower limit of detection of the capture assay with both monoclonal antibodies was 400 pfu. The anti-N antibody was used to successfully detect NiV in a lung tissue suspension from an infected pig. Conclusion: The antigen capture ELISA developed is potentially affordable tool to provide rapid detection and differentiation between the henipaviruses. C1 [Chiang, Cheng-Feng; Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lo, Michael K.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpes Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rollin, PE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pyr3@cdc.gov OI Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU American Society FX Hybridoma subcloning, monoclonal antibody purification and peptide synthesis were performed by Suyu Ruo, members in Biologics Branch and Biotechnology Core Facility of CDC. We would like to acknowledge Zachary Reed, David Miller, Shelley Campbell, Aridth Gibbons, Gregory Kocher, and Deborah Cannon for their assistance in reagent preparation and data collection. Michael Lo was supported by an American Society for Microbiology postdoctoral fellowship. The authors also thank to Drs. Brian Harcourt and Wun-Ju Shieh for providing RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry data of 1999 Malaysia outbreak, and Dr. Stuart Nichol for his support in this study. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 3 PY 2010 VL 7 AR 115 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-7-115 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 630WC UT WOS:000280304700001 PM 20525276 ER PT J AU Matyas, B Cronquist, A Cartter, M Tobin-D'Angelo, M Blythe, D Smith, K Lathrop, S Morse, D Cieslak, P Dunn, J Holt, KG Henao, OL Fullerton, KE Mahon, BE Hoekstra, RM Griffin, PM Tauxe, RV Bhattarai, A AF Matyas, B. Cronquist, A. Cartter, M. Tobin-D'Angelo, M. Blythe, D. Smith, K. Lathrop, S. Morse, D. Cieslak, P. Dunn, J. Holt, K. G. Henao, O. L. Fullerton, K. E. Mahon, B. E. Hoekstra, R. M. Griffin, P. M. Tauxe, R. V. Bhattarai, Achuyt TI Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of Infection With Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food-10 States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 418-422, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; UNITED-STATES C1 [Cartter, M.] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Blythe, D.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Smith, K.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Morse, D.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Holt, K. G.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Bhattarai, Achuyt] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Bhattarai, Achuyt/B-8760-2008 OI Bhattarai, Achuyt/0000-0002-0514-4850 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 2 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 21 BP 2130 EP 2132 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603BE UT WOS:000278182100009 ER PT J AU Granger, DM Lopansri, BK Butcher, D Wong, S Tavakoli, NP Backenson, PB Campbell, M Fine, A Ackelsberg, J Freedman, A Fink, M Artsob, H Holbrook, MR DeBiasi, RL Waterman, PE Rollin, PE MacNeil, A Panella, AJ Kosoy, O Lanciotti, RS Campbell, GL Staples, JE Fischer, M Gibney, KB Knust, B AF Granger, D. M. Lopansri, B. K. Butcher, D. Wong, S. Tavakoli, N. P. Backenson, P. B. Campbell, M. Fine, A. Ackelsberg, J. Freedman, A. Fink, M. Artsob, H. Holbrook, M. R. DeBiasi, R. L. Waterman, P. E. Rollin, P. E. MacNeil, A. Panella, A. J. Kosoy, O. Lanciotti, R. S. Campbell, G. L. Staples, J. E. Fischer, M. Gibney, K. B. Knust, B. TI Tick-Borne Encephalitis Among U.S. Travelers to Europe and Asia-2000-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 335-338, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Granger, D. M.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Granger, D. M.] Univ Utah, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Lopansri, B. K.] Loyola Univ Med Ctr, Maywood, IL USA. [Lopansri, B. K.] Loyola Univ, Hines VA Hosp, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Butcher, D.] Teton Internal Med, Jackson, WY USA. [Wong, S.; Tavakoli, N. P.; Backenson, P. B.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Campbell, M.; Fine, A.; Ackelsberg, J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Freedman, A.; Fink, M.] New York Presbyterian Weill Cornell Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Holbrook, M. R.] Univ Texas Med Br, Galveston, TX USA. [Waterman, P. E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gibney, K. B.; Knust, B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Granger, DM (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 2 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 21 BP 2132 EP 2135 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603BE UT WOS:000278182100010 ER PT J AU Cohen, C Singh, E Wu, HM Martin, S de Gouveia, L Klugman, KP Meiring, S Govender, N von Gottberg, A AF Cohen, Cheryl Singh, Elvira Wu, Henry M. Martin, Stacey de Gouveia, Linda Klugman, Keith P. Meiring, Susan Govender, Nelesh von Gottberg, Anne CA Grp Enteric Resp Meningeal Dis Sur TI Increased incidence of meningococcal disease in HIV-infected individuals associated with higher case-fatality ratios in South Africa SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE bacteremia; HIV; meningitis; meningococcus; mortality; Neisseria meningitidis; serogroup; South Africa; surveillance ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; BACTEREMIA; NAIROBI; KENYA; AIDS; TUBERCULOSIS AB Objectives: We aimed to compare the incidence of meningococcal disease amongst HIV-infected and uninfected individuals and to evaluate whether HIV is a risk factor for mortality and bacteremia amongst patients with meningococcal disease. Design: Cohort surveillance study. Methods: We conducted laboratory-based surveillance for meningococcal disease in Gauteng Province, South Africa. HIV status and outcome data were obtained at sentinel sites. Incidence in HIV-infected and uninfected persons was calculated assuming a similar age-specific HIV prevalence in tested and untested individuals. Risk factors for death and bacteremia (as compared with meningitis) were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: From 2003 to 2007, 1336 meningococcal cases were reported. Of 504 patients at sentinel sites with known outcome, 308 (61%) had HIV serostatus data. HIV prevalence amongst cases of meningococcal disease was higher than the population HIV prevalence in all age groups. The incidence of meningococcal disease in HIV-infected individuals was elevated in all age groups with an age-adjusted relative risk of 11.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.9-14.3, P<0.001]. The case-fatality ratio (CFR) was 20% (27/138) amongst HIV-infected and 11% (18/170) amongst HIV-uninfected individuals [odds ratio (OR) 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-3.9]. On multivariable analysis, CFR was greater amongst patients with bacteremia (35%, 29/82) compared with meningitis (7%, 16/226) (OR 7.8, 95% CI 3.4-17.7). HIV infection was associated with increased odds of bacteremia (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.5-5.0). Conclusion: HIV-infected individuals may be at increased risk of meningococcal disease. The increased CFR in HIV-infected patients may be explained by their increased odds of bacteremia compared to meningitis. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Cohen, Cheryl; de Gouveia, Linda; Klugman, Keith P.; Meiring, Susan; Govender, Nelesh; von Gottberg, Anne] NICD, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cohen, Cheryl; Singh, Elvira] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Klugman, Keith P.; Govender, Nelesh; von Gottberg, Anne] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Pathol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wu, Henry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wu, Henry M.; Martin, Stacey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cohen, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Epidemiol & Surveillance Unit, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM cherylc@nicd.ac.za OI de Gouveia, Linda/0000-0002-1418-8468 FU United States Agency for International Development's Antimicrobial Resistance Initiative; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia [U60/CCU022088]; National Center for HIV/AIDS; Viral Hepatitis, STD; TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); Global AIDS Program (GAP) Cooperative Agreement [U62/PSO022901] FX This study was funded in part in 2003-2006 by the United States Agency for International Development's Antimicrobial Resistance Initiative, transferred via a cooperative agreement (number U60/CCU022088) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia. In 2005-2007, the study was also supported by the CDC, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Global AIDS Program (GAP) Cooperative Agreement U62/PSO022901. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1351 EP 1360 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833a2520 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 598GZ UT WOS:000277824600015 PM 20559040 ER PT J AU Kelley, CF Sullivan, ST Lennox, JL Evans-Strickfaden, T Hart, CE AF Kelley, Colleen F. Sullivan, Sharon T. Lennox, Jeffrey L. Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy Hart, Clyde E. TI Lack of effect of compartmentalized drug resistance mutations on HIV-1 pol divergence in antiretroviral-experienced women SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE drug resistance; evolution; female genital organs; HIV; transmission of infectious diseases ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; VAGINAL SECRETIONS; INFECTED WOMEN; BLOOD; SEQUENCES; THERAPY; EVOLUTION; VARIANTS AB Objective: To examine the persistence of compartmentalized HIV drug resistance mutations (DRM) over time in the female genital tract and its effect on pol gene divergence compared to that in blood. Design: Longitudinal cohort of 22 antiretroviral-experienced women in the Emory Vaginal Ecology study. Methods: Blood and vaginal secretions were collected at serial clinic visits. DRM in the HIV reverse transcriptase and protease regions of pol were determined using population based sequencing. Kimura-2 pairwise DNA distances were calculated to measure blood and vaginal secretions divergence in the intervals between clinic visits. Results: Only eight (36%) women had compartmentalized DRM detected at 14 (31%) of their 45 clinic visits. This compartmentalized resistance was transient; 13 of 14 mutations in blood and all 12 mutations in vaginal secretions were compartmentalized for only one clinic visit. Over time, divergence of both reverse transcriptase and protease were greater in vaginal secretions than in blood. However, divergence in blood, but not in vaginal secretions, increased significantly in the presence of drug resistance or compartmentalized drug resistance. Conclusion: Compartmentalized DRM between the blood and vaginal secretions are transient in nature, and the presence of DRM does not affect pol gene divergence in the vaginal secretions. Our results provide new evidence that the genital mucosa does not support an independently evolving subpopulation of HIV-1 genomes. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Kelley, Colleen F.; Lennox, Jeffrey L.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Sullivan, Sharon T.; Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy; Hart, Clyde E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kelley, CF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM cfkelle@emory.edu RI Lennox, Jeffrey/D-1654-2014; Kelley, Colleen/O-4819-2016 OI Lennox, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2064-5565; Kelley, Colleen/0000-0001-5611-0119 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1361 EP 1366 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283394f3f PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 598GZ UT WOS:000277824600016 PM 20389234 ER PT J AU Wolitski, RJ Kidder, DP Pals, SL Royal, S Aidala, A Stall, R Holtgrave, DR Harre, D Courtenay-Quirk, C AF Wolitski, Richard J. Kidder, Daniel P. Pals, Sherri L. Royal, Scott Aidala, Angela Stall, Ron Holtgrave, David R. Harre, David Courtenay-Quirk, Cari CA Housing Hlth Study Team TI Randomized Trial of the Effects of Housing Assistance on the Health and Risk Behaviors of Homeless and Unstably Housed People Living with HIV SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Housing; Homeless persons; HIV seropositivity; Health status; Mental health; Health services accessibility; Randomized controlled trial; Sexual behavior ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SUBSTANCE USE; ADULTS; ADHERENCE; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; INFECTION; HIV/AIDS AB Homelessness affects HIV risk and health, but little is known about the longitudinal effects of rental assistance on the housing status and health of homeless and unstably housed people living with HIV/AIDS. Homeless/unstably housed people living with HIV/AIDS (N = 630) were randomly assigned to immediate Housing Opportunities for People with AIDS (HOPWA) rental assistance or customary care. Self-reported data, CD4, and HIV viral load were collected at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Results showed that housing status improved in both groups, with greater improvement occurring in the treatment group. At 18 months, 51% of the comparison group had their own housing, limiting statistical power. Intent-to-treat analyses demonstrated significant reductions in medical care utilization and improvements in self-reported physical and mental health; significant differential change benefiting the treatment group was observed for depression and perceived stress. Significant differences between homeless and stably housed participants were found in as-treated analyses for health care utilization, mental health, and physical health. HOPWA rental assistance improves housing status and, in some cases, health outcomes of homeless and unstably housed people living with HIV/AIDS. C1 [Wolitski, Richard J.; Kidder, Daniel P.; Pals, Sherri L.; Courtenay-Quirk, Cari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Royal, Scott] Abt Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Aidala, Angela] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Stall, Ron] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harre, David] Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA. RP Wolitski, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton RD NE E-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RWolitski@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [200-2001-0123] NR 37 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 3 BP 493 EP 503 DI 10.1007/s10461-009-9643-x PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 592VU UT WOS:000277410500003 PM 19949848 ER PT J AU Diallo, DD Moore, TW Ngalame, PM White, LD Herbst, JH Painter, TM AF Diallo, Dazon Dixon Moore, Trent Wade Ngalame, Paulyne M. White, Lisa Diane Herbst, Jeffrey H. Painter, Thomas M. TI Efficacy of a Single-Session HIV Prevention Intervention for Black Women: A Group Randomized Controlled Trial SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention intervention; Black women; African American; Condom use; Sex risk behavior; HIV testing ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; RISK-REDUCTION INTERVENTION; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-CONTEXT; RACIAL DISPARITIES; METAANALYSIS; INFECTION; NETWORKS AB SisterLove Inc., a community-based organization (CBO) in Atlanta, Georgia, evaluated the efficacy of its highly interactive, single-session HIV prevention intervention for black women, the Healthy Love Workshop (HLW). HLW is delivered to pre-existing groups of women (e.g., friends, sororities) in settings of their choosing. Eligible groups of women were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (15 groups; 161 women) or a comparison workshop (15 groups; 152 women). Behavioral assessments were conducted at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Among sexually active women at the 3-month follow-up, HLW participants were more likely than comparison participants to report having used condoms during vaginal sex with any male partner or with a primary male partner, and to have used condoms at last vaginal, anal or oral sex with any male partner. At the 6-month follow-up, HLW participants were more likely to report condom use at last vaginal, anal or oral sex with any male partner, and having an HIV test and receiving their test results. The study findings suggest that a single-session intervention delivered to pre-existing groups of black women is an efficacious approach to HIV prevention. This study also demonstrates that a CBO can develop and deliver a culturally appropriate, effective HIV prevention intervention for the population it serves and, with adequate resources and technical assistance, rigorously evaluate its intervention. C1 [Diallo, Dazon Dixon; Ngalame, Paulyne M.; White, Lisa Diane] SisterLove Inc, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Moore, Trent Wade; Herbst, Jeffrey H.; Painter, Thomas M.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Diallo, DD (reprint author), SisterLove Inc, POB 10558, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM ddiallo@sisterlove.org FU PHS HHS [U65/CCU424514] NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 3 BP 518 EP 529 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9672-5 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 592VU UT WOS:000277410500005 PM 20135214 ER PT J AU Bogart, LM Howerton, D Lange, J Setodji, CM Becker, K Klein, DJ Asch, SM AF Bogart, Laura M. Howerton, Devery Lange, James Setodji, Claude Messan Becker, Kirsten Klein, David J. Asch, Steven M. TI Provider-related Barriers to Rapid HIV Testing in US Urban Non-profit Community Clinics, Community-based Organizations (CBOs) and Hospitals SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Rapid HIV testing; Provider barriers; Hospitals; Community clinics; Community-based organizations ID UNITED-STATES; OF-CARE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; EXPERIENCE; ROUTINE; LABOR; METAANALYSIS; FLUID; IMPLEMENTATION; PREVENTION AB We examined provider-reported barriers to rapid HIV testing in U.S. urban non-profit community clinics, community-based organizations (CBOs), and hospitals. 12 primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs; three per region) were sampled randomly, with sampling weights proportional to AIDS case reports. Across PMSAs, all 671 hospitals and a random sample of 738 clinics/CBOs were telephoned for a survey on rapid HIV test availability. Of the 671 hospitals, 172 hospitals were randomly selected for barriers questions, for which 158 laboratory and 136 department staff were eligible and interviewed in 2005. Of the 738 clinics/CBOs, 276 were randomly selected for barriers questions, 206 were reached, and 118 were eligible and interviewed in 2005-2006. In multivariate models, barriers regarding translation of administrative/quality assurance policies into practice were significantly associated with rapid HIV testing availability. For greater rapid testing diffusion, policies are needed to reduce administrative barriers and provide quality assurance training to non-laboratory staff. C1 [Bogart, Laura M.; Setodji, Claude Messan; Becker, Kirsten; Klein, David J.; Asch, Steven M.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Howerton, Devery; Lange, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Practice Evaluat & Genom Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asch, Steven M.] VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Network, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Asch, Steven M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bogart, LM (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1776 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. EM lbogart@rand.org FU PHS HHS [U65/CCU924523-01] NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 3 BP 697 EP 707 DI 10.1007/s10461-008-9456-3 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 592VU UT WOS:000277410500023 PM 18770022 ER PT J AU Naimi, TS Brown, DW Brewer, RD AF Naimi, T. S. Brown, D. W. Brewer, R. D. TI BINGE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AMONG "MODERATE'' DRINKERS IN THE US SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 26-30, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX SP Res Soc Alcoholism C1 [Naimi, T. S.; Brown, D. W.; Brewer, R. D.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Naimi, T. S.; Brown, D. W.; Brewer, R. D.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2010 VL 34 IS 6 SU 2 BP 180A EP 180A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 601ZJ UT WOS:000278107200679 ER PT J AU Denny, CH Floyd, RL Green, PP Hayes, DK AF Denny, C. H. Floyd, R. L. Green, P. P. Hayes, D. K. TI THE PREVALENCE OF MULTIPLE RISK FACTORS FOR POOR BIRTH OUTCOMES AMONG WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 26-30, 2010 CL San Antonio, TX SP Res Soc Alcoholism C1 [Denny, C. H.; Floyd, R. L.; Green, P. P.; Hayes, D. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2010 VL 34 IS 6 SU 2 BP 212A EP 212A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 601ZJ UT WOS:000278107200807 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Galuska, DA AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Galuska, Deborah A. TI Prepregnancy obesity and birth defects: what's next? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; RISK C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Galuska, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1539 EP 1540 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29666 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 598MP UT WOS:000277841700001 PM 20427732 ER PT J AU Apostolou, A Henry, KA AF Apostolou, A. Henry, K. A. TI NEIGHBORHOOD DEPRIVATION AND PRETERM BIRTHS, NEW JERSEY, 1999-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 NJ Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S1 EP S1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300003 ER PT J AU Ayala, C Fang, J Escobedo, L Vazquez-Ruelas, J Pan, S Balcazar, H Merritt, R AF Ayala, C. Fang, J. Escobedo, L. Vazquez-Ruelas, J. Pan, S. Balcazar, H. Merritt, R. TI LOW PREVALENCE FOR HYPERTENSION TREATMENT AMONG HISPANICS IN TEXAS BORDER COUNTIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Ayala, C.; Fang, J.; Escobedo, L.; Vazquez-Ruelas, J.; Pan, S.; Balcazar, H.; Merritt, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300480 ER PT J AU Barker, L Tierney, E Lanza, A Kirtland, K AF Barker, Lawrence Tierney, E. Lanza, A. Kirtland, K. TI CONTRIBUTION OF SELECTED RISK FACTORS TO STATE-LEVEL INCIDENCE OF DIAGNOSED DIABETES, 2005-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Barker, Lawrence; Tierney, E.; Lanza, A.; Kirtland, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300281 ER PT J AU Barradas, D Barfield, W Manning, S Martin, J Kroelinger, C AF Barradas, D. Barfield, W. Manning, S. Martin, J. Kroelinger, C. TI DIFFERENCES IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE ADMISSION AMONG VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS BY MATERNAL RACE/ETHNICITY, 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Barradas, D.; Barfield, W.; Manning, S.; Martin, J.; Kroelinger, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300126 ER PT J AU Belay, ED Abrams, J Uehara, R Maddox, RA Schonberger, LB Nakamura, Y AF Belay, E. D. Abrams, J. Uehara, R. Maddox, R. A. Schonberger, L. B. Nakamura, Y. TI SPACE-TIME CLUSTERING OF KAWASAKI DISEASE IN JAPAN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Belay, E. D.; Abrams, J.; Uehara, R.; Maddox, R. A.; Schonberger, L. B.; Nakamura, Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S156 EP S156 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300623 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Keim, SA Parker, JD AF Branum, A. M. Keim, S. A. Parker, J. D. TI GESTATATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND CHILD BMI ATAGE 4 AMONG SIBLINGS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Branum, A. M.; Keim, S. A.; Parker, J. D.] CDC, NCHS, Hyattsville, MD USA. RI Keim, Sarah/F-8929-2013 OI Keim, Sarah/0000-0003-3490-3649 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300174 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Caulfield, L AF Branum, A. M. Caulfield, L. TI USING THE METHOD OF TRIADS TO EVALUATE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN NHANES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Branum, A. M.; Caulfield, L.] CDC, NCHS, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300028 ER PT J AU Brett, K Hing, E AF Brett, K. Hing, E. TI NEW USERS OF MENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY: UNITED STATES, 2005-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Brett, K.; Hing, E.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S40 EP S40 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300159 ER PT J AU Bullard, KM Ali, MK Imperatore, G AF Bullard, K. M. Ali, M. K. Imperatore, G. TI SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN US YOUTH SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Bullard, K. M.; Ali, M. K.; Imperatore, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300071 ER PT J AU Couch, JR Petersen, MR Rice, C Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Couch, J. R. Petersen, M. R. Rice, C. Schubauer-Berigan, M. K. TI RETROSPECTIVE EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FOR A COHORT STUDY AT A BERYLLIUM PROCESSING FACILITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Couch, J. R.; Petersen, M. R.; Rice, C.; Schubauer-Berigan, M. K.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300344 ER PT J AU Dai, S Tong, X Ayala, C Keenan, NL AF Dai, S. Tong, X. Ayala, C. Keenan, N. L. TI CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY HIGHER AMONG UNINSURED - NHANES 1999-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Dai, S.; Tong, X.; Ayala, C.; Keenan, N. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S128 EP S128 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300511 ER PT J AU Duwe, KN Rasmussen, SA Louik, C Colarusso, T Reefhuis, J AF Duwe, K. N. Rasmussen, S. A. Louik, C. Colarusso, T. Reefhuis, J. TI MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO VENLAFAXINE AND RISK FOR BIRTH DEFECTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Duwe, K. N.; Rasmussen, S. A.; Louik, C.; Colarusso, T.; Reefhuis, J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S100 EP S100 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300401 ER PT J AU Ford, E Li, C Zhao, G Tsai, J AF Ford, E. Li, C. Zhao, G. Tsai, J. TI TRENDS IN OBESITY AND ABDOMINAL OBESITY AMONG ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES FROM 1999-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Ford, E.; Li, C.; Zhao, G.; Tsai, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300015 ER PT J AU Grajewski, B Waters, MA Yong, LC Tseng, CY Zivkovich, Z Cassinelli, RT AF Grajewski, B. Waters, M. A. Yong, L. C. Tseng, C-Y Zivkovich, Z. Cassinelli, R. T., II TI AIRLINE PILOT COSMIC RADIATION AND CIRCADIAN DISRUPTION EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FROM LOGBOOKS AND COMPANY RECORDS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Grajewski, B.; Waters, M. A.; Yong, L. C.; Tseng, C-Y; Zivkovich, Z.; Cassinelli, R. T., II] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Waters, Martha/B-7441-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300343 ER PT J AU Hillis, S Zapata, L Robbins, C Kissin, D Skipalska, H Finnerty, E Marchbanks, P Jamieson, D AF Hillis, S. Zapata, L. Robbins, C. Kissin, D. Skipalska, H. Finnerty, E. Marchbanks, P. Jamieson, D. TI LOSS OF PARENTS, UNSTABLE HOUSING, AND HIV INFECTION AMONG STREET YOUTH SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Hillis, S.; Zapata, L.; Robbins, C.; Kissin, D.; Skipalska, H.; Finnerty, E.; Marchbanks, P.; Jamieson, D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S134 EP S134 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300536 ER PT J AU Hillis, S Dube, S Anda, R Felitti, V Marchbanks, P Macaluso, M AF Hillis, S. Dube, S. Anda, R. Felitti, V. Marchbanks, P. Macaluso, M. TI RESILIENT EFFECTS OF FAMILY STRENGTHS IN CHILDHOOD ON ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Hillis, S.; Dube, S.; Anda, R.; Felitti, V.; Marchbanks, P.; Macaluso, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300116 ER PT J AU Howie, L Mendola, P Lukacs, S Pastor, P AF Howie, L. Mendola, P. Lukacs, S. Pastor, P. TI PARENTAL REPORTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND THE MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS OF US SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Howie, L.; Mendola, P.; Lukacs, S.; Pastor, P.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S13 EP S13 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300051 ER PT J AU Huang, DT Klein, RJ AF Huang, D. T. Klein, R. J. TI TRENDS AND DISPARITIES IN ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES IN HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Huang, D. T.; Klein, R. J.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RI Huang, David/A-5358-2009 OI Huang, David/0000-0002-8860-7469 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S130 EP S130 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300520 ER PT J AU Lacher, D Carroll, M Li, J AF Lacher, D. Carroll, M. Li, J. TI TOTAL, FREE AND COMPLEXED POSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN LEVELS AMONG US MEN, NHANES 2007-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Lacher, D.; Carroll, M.; Li, J.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S117 EP S117 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300468 ER PT J AU Maisonet, M Christensen, K Rubin, C Holmes, A Flanders, WD Heron, J Golding, J McGeehin, M Marcus, M AF Maisonet, M. Christensen, K. Rubin, C. Holmes, A. Flanders, W. D. Heron, J. Golding, J. McGeehin, M. Marcus, M. TI ROLE OF MATERNAL PRENATAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RAPID WEIGHT GAIN ON TIMING OF PUBERTY IN BRITISH GIRLS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Maisonet, M.; Christensen, K.; Rubin, C.; Holmes, A.; Flanders, W. D.; Heron, J.; Golding, J.; McGeehin, M.; Marcus, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; Heron, Jon/D-5884-2011 OI Heron, Jon/0000-0001-6199-5644 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300173 ER PT J AU Mattson, CL Fagan, J AF Mattson, C. L. Fagan, J. TI GENDER DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HIV-INFECTED ADULTS RECEIVING CARE IN THE US, 2007-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Mattson, C. L.; Fagan, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S133 EP S133 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300533 ER PT J AU Pratt, LA AF Pratt, L. A. TI CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS WITH SELF-REPORTED SCHIZOPHRENIA LIVING IN THE COMMUNITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Pratt, L. A.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300360 ER PT J AU Ryskulova, A Klein, R Cotch, MF AF Ryskulova, A. Klein, R. Cotch, M. F. TI USE OF EYE CARE SERVICES AMONG US CHILDREN, 2002 AND 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Ryskulova, A.; Klein, R.; Cotch, M. F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S95 EP S95 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300378 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Couch, JR Petersen, MR Carreon, T Jin, Y Deddens, JA AF Schubauer-Berigan, M. K. Couch, J. R. Petersen, M. R. Carreon, T. Jin, Y. Deddens, J. A. TI COHORT STUDY OF BERYLLIUM WORKERS: UPDATE AND EXPOSURE-RESPONSE ASSOCIATIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Schubauer-Berigan, M. K.; Couch, J. R.; Petersen, M. R.; Carreon, T.; Jin, Y.; Deddens, J. A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300342 ER PT J AU Tinker, S Hamner, H Cogswell, M Berry, R AF Tinker, S. Hamner, H. Cogswell, M. Berry, R. TI MODELING USUAL INTAKE OF FOLIC ACID (FA) FROM FOODS AND SUPPLEMENTS IN US ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Tinker, S.; Hamner, H.; Cogswell, M.; Berry, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300034 ER PT J AU Tinker, SC Reefhuis, J Dellinger, AM Jamieson, DJ AF Tinker, S. C. Reefhuis, J. Dellinger, A. M. Jamieson, D. J. TI ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL INJURIES DURING PREGNANCY AND SELECTED BIRTH DEFECTS, NATIONAL BIRTH DEFECTS PREVENTION STUDY (NBDPS) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Tinker, S. C.; Reefhuis, J.; Dellinger, A. M.; Jamieson, D. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011 OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300033 ER PT J AU Tyler, C Whiteman, M Zapata, L Hillis, S Curtis, K McDonald, J Wingo, P Marchbanks, P AF Tyler, C. Whiteman, M. Zapata, L. Hillis, S. Curtis, K. McDonald, J. Wingo, P. Marchbanks, P. TI THE EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX AND WEIGHT CHANGE ON OVARIAN CANCER SURVIVAL SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Tyler, C.; Whiteman, M.; Zapata, L.; Hillis, S.; Curtis, K.; McDonald, J.; Wingo, P.; Marchbanks, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300089 ER PT J AU Wang, C Civen, R Lopez, A Watson, T Zhang, J Bialek, S AF Wang, C. Civen, R. Lopez, A. Watson, T. Zhang, J. Bialek, S. TI MULTILEVEL MODELING APPROACH IN HOUSEHOLD CONTACT STUDY ON VARICELLA VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS ASSESSMENT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Wang, C.; Civen, R.; Lopez, A.; Watson, T.; Zhang, J.; Bialek, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S143 EP S143 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300572 ER PT J AU Warner, L Miller, K Gavin, L AF Warner, L. Miller, K. Gavin, L. TI FACTORS SURROUNDING LACK OF CONDOM USE AT FIRST COITUS AMONG COLLEGE-AGE MEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Warner, L.; Miller, K.; Gavin, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S135 EP S135 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300538 ER PT J AU Whiteman, M Marchbanks, P AF Whiteman, M. Marchbanks, P. TI MIGRAINE HISTORY AND RISK OF BREAST CANCER SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Whiteman, M.; Marchbanks, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300088 ER PT J AU Zapata, L Hillis, S Kissin, D Robbins, C Yorick, R Skipalska, H Finnerty, E Ornstein, T Jamieson, D Marchbanks, P AF Zapata, L. Hillis, S. Kissin, D. Robbins, C. Yorick, R. Skipalska, H. Finnerty, E. Ornstein, T. Jamieson, D. Marchbanks, P. TI MULTI-CITY ASSESSMENT OF PREGNANCY AMONG STREET YOUTH, UKRAINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2010 CL Anaheim, SOLOMON ISLANDS SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Zapata, L.; Hillis, S.; Kissin, D.; Robbins, C.; Yorick, R.; Skipalska, H.; Finnerty, E.; Ornstein, T.; Jamieson, D.; Marchbanks, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 171 SU 11 BP S1 EP S1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603QO UT WOS:000278223300004 ER PT J AU Wright, JD Stevens, J Poole, C Flegal, KM Suchindran, C AF Wright, Jacqueline D. Stevens, June Poole, Charles Flegal, Katherine M. Suchindran, Chirayath TI The Impact of Differences in Methodology and Population Characteristics on the Prevalence of Hypertension in US Adults in 1976-1980 and 1999-2002 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; blood pressure determination; body mass index; cross-sectional studies; hypertension; nutrition surveys; prevalence ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; BODY-MASS-INDEX; BLOOD-PRESSURE-MEASUREMENT; DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SECULAR TRENDS; OBESITY; DISPARITIES AB BACKGROUND Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate that hypertension prevalence declined by 9% points from 34% in 1976-1980 to 25% in 1999-2002 in adults 20-74 years. The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact on hypertension prevalence of measurement error and selected risk factors. METHODS Using cross-sectional survey data from NHANES, we estimated the effect on hypertension of incorrect blood pressure (BP) cuff size and zero end-digit preference and the effect of changes in the distribution of age, body mass index (BMI), sex, race-ethnicity, smoking, and education. The analytic sample of persons 20-74 years consisted of 11,563 from 1976-1980 and 7,901 from 1999-2002 NHANES. Covariate-adjusted prevalences were calculated using log-linear regression models to produce predictive margins. RESULTS After adjustment to age, BMI, sex, race-ethnicity, smoking, and education, the prevalence difference became higher, changing from -9% (95% confidence interval (Cl): -11, -6) to -14% (95 Cl: -17, -11). After adjustment to these risk factors and correction for measurement error the prevalence difference was -9% (95 Cl: -11, -6). CONCLUSIONS Measurement error, mainly from cuff size differences, inflated the temporal decline in hypertension prevalence. The results indicate that age, sex, race-ethnicity, smoking, or education did not fully explain the lower prevalence of measured hypertension in all BMI groups and suggest that a change in some unmeasured factor or factors contributed to the decline. C1 [Wright, Jacqueline D.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Stevens, June] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Stevens, June; Poole, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Suchindran, Chirayath] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Wright, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM jwright@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X FU NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD050924] NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 23 IS 6 BP 620 EP 626 DI 10.1038/ajh.2010.40 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 601ES UT WOS:000278041700008 PM 20339353 ER PT J AU Roberge, RJ Coca, A Williams, WJ Powell, JB Palmiero, AJ AF Roberge, Raymond J. Coca, Aitor Williams, W. Jon Powell, Jeffrey B. Palmiero, Andrew J. TI Reusable elastomeric air-purifying respirators: Physiologic impact on health care workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Elastomeric respirators; reusable; physiological impact ID INDUCTIVE PLETHYSMOGRAPH; EXERCISE; TUBERCULOSIS; VENTILATION; PROTECTION; RESPONSES; MASKS AB Background: Elastomeric air-purifying respirators offer the benefit of reusability, but their physiological impact on health care workers is unknown. Methods: Ten health care workers exercised at 2 health care-associated work rates wearing an elastomeric air-purifying respirator. Mixed inhalation/exhalation respirator dead space gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide) were sampled, and physiological parameters were monitored (heart rate, breathing rate, tidal volume, minute volume, oxygen saturation, transcutaneous carbon dioxide). Numerical rating scales were used to evaluate comfort and exertion. Results: Compared with controls (no respirator), significant decreases in the breathing rate at both work rates (P < .05) and increases in tidal volume at the lower work rate (P < .01) were noted with respirator use. Approximately half the subjects had transcutaneous carbon dioxide levels above the upper limit of normal after 1 hour of use. Although well tolerated, comfort was negatively impacted by elastomeric air-purifying respirators wear. Conclusion: Reusable elastomeric air-purifying respirators impose little additional physiological burden over the course of 1 hour at usual health care work rates. However, the potential for carbon dioxide retention in a significant proportion of users exists and requires further investigation. C1 [Roberge, Raymond J.; Coca, Aitor; Williams, W. Jon] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 16236 USA. [Powell, Jeffrey B.; Palmiero, Andrew J.] EG & G Tech Serv, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Roberge, RJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, B-29,626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 16236 USA. EM dtn0@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 5 BP 381 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.11.006 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 618HX UT WOS:000279344000009 PM 20189685 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, T AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa TI Healthcare-associated Infections Studies Project: An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network Data Quality Collaboration SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL USA. [Hebden, Joan N.] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Dept Infect Control, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Hlth Care Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), NorthShore Univ HealthSyst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM mwright@northshore.org NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 5 BP 416 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.198 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 618HX UT WOS:000279344000017 PM 20583335 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M McCaig, LF Ekwueme, DU AF Saraiya, Mona McCaig, Linda F. Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Ambulatory Care Visits for Pap Tests, Abnormal Pap Test Results, and Cervical Cancer Procedures in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; SCREENING PRACTICES; NATIONAL BREAST; IMPACT; CYTOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; ACCURACY; BURDEN AB Objectives: To establish current estimates and project potential reductions in the volume and cost of annual Pap tests administered at visits to physician office and hospital outpatient departments in light of cervical cancer screening changes and HPV vaccination. Study Design: Assessment of baseline national administrative data and future projection. Methods: We used data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to analyze physician office and hospital outpatient department visits made by female subjects 15 years and older from 2003 through 2005. Results: Pap tests were ordered annually at 30.2 million physician office and hospital outpatient department visits in the United States from 2003 through 2005. Among visits by young women aged 15 to 26 years, Pap tests were ordered at 5.8 million visits each year, representing 19.3% of all Pap tests ordered. Among visits made by women of childbearing age that included Pap tests, 76.0% occurred in obstetrics and gynecology offices or clinics. Using a simple projection model, we estimated an overall annual decrease of 1.2 million Pap tests for young women aged 15 to 26 years and a corresponding cost reduction of $77.6 million after routine HPV vaccination and HPV DNA testing. Among female subjects 15 years and older, the estimated potential decrease in Pap tests was 6.3 million, with an estimated $403.8 million in cost reduction. Conclusions: The NAMCS and NHAMCS provide baseline data to estimate the effects of HPV vaccination and HPV DNA testing on cervical cancer screening policy. These future technologies may result in changes to cervical cancer screening policies and, when fully accepted and implemented, may reduce economic costs associated with cervical cancer in the United States. (Am J Manag Care. 2010;16(6):e137-e144) C1 [Saraiya, Mona; McCaig, Linda F.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MANAGED CARE & HEALTHCARE COMMUNICATIONS LLC PI PLAINSBORO PA 666 PLAINSBORO RD, STE 300, PLAINSBORO, NJ 08536 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP E137 EP E144 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 613ZG UT WOS:000279023400009 PM 20536271 ER PT J AU Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI SNPs in CAST Are Associated With Parkinson Disease: A Confirmation Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Parkinson disease; calpastatin; SNP association ID ACTIVATED NEUTRAL PROTEINASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CALPAIN ACTIVATION; BRAIN AB Using data from the National Institutes of Neurological disease and Stroke's (NINDS) study of Parkinson disease (PD), we recently reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a region containing the Calpastatin (CAST) gene were associated with PD. Here we follow up this finding with an analysis of the Center for Inherited Disease Research's (CIDR) genome-wide association study in familial PD. After adjusting for population stratification and multiple testing, we find a significant association (P= 0.0167) between PD and SNP rs1559085 in CAST. These findings confirm CAST/PD associations in a second, independent, dataset and suggest that CAST be prioritized for further investigation. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Allen, AS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, DUMC 2721,2424 Erwin Rd,Suite 1102, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM andrew.s.allen@duke.edu OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU NINDS (Foroud/Myers, PI); NIH through NHLBI [K25 HL077663]; NIMH [R01 MH084680] FX We thank the NINDS and the CIDR whole genome association study in familial Parkinson's Disease study investigators for providing the CIDR PD data through dbGap. Funding support for the CIDR PD study and the genotyping of samples was provided by the NINDS (Foroud/Myers, PI). The dataset used in analyses described in this manuscript was obtained from the NINDS Database found at http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/dbgap through dbGaP accession number phs000126.vl.pl. A.S.A. acknowledges support from the NIH through NHLBI grant K25 HL077663 and NIMH grant R01 MH084680. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4841 J9 AM J MED GENET B JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B PD JUN PY 2010 VL 153B IS 4 BP 973 EP 979 DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.31061 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry GA 604AT UT WOS:000278250400014 PM 20127884 ER PT J AU Whiteman, MK Kuklina, E Jamieson, DJ Hillis, SD Marchbanks, PA AF Whiteman, Maura K. Kuklina, Elena Jamieson, Denise J. Hillis, Susan D. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Inpatient hospitalization for gynecologic disorders in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2009 CL Anaheim, CA SP Soc Epidemiol Res DE gynecologic disorder; hospitalization ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; HYSTERECTOMY; VISITS; TRENDS; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine trends in hospitalizations for gynecologic disorders in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: Data on hospitalizations from 1998-2005 among women 15-54 years old were from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative survey of inpatient hospitalizations. Hospitalizations with a principal diagnosis of a gynecologic disorder were used to estimate rates per 10,000 women. RESULTS: Gynecologic disorders accounted for 7% and 14% of all hospitalizations among women 15-44 and 45-54 years old, respectively. The most common diagnoses were uterine leiomyomas (rate = 27.5), menstrual disorders (rate = 12.3), endometriosis (rate = 9.5), genital prolapse (rate = 7.0), benign ovarian cysts (rate = 6.5), and pelvic inflammatory disease (rate = 6.1). The hospitalization rate for menstrual disorders increased from 9.8 in 1998 to 13.3 in 2005 (P trend < .001). In contrast, rates declined for pelvic inflammatory disease, genital prolapse, benign ovarian cysts, and endometriosis (P trend < .05) and were unchanged for uterine leiomyoma. CONCLUSION: Gynecologic disorders are an important contributor to inpatient hospitalization among women in the United States. C1 [Whiteman, Maura K.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Hillis, Susan D.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kuklina, Elena] Quantell Inc, Mchenry, MD USA. RP Whiteman, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 202 IS 6 AR 541.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.12.013 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 607VD UT WOS:000278534200009 PM 20132921 ER PT J AU Gomez, LF Parra, DC Buchner, D Brownson, RC Sarmiento, OL Pinzon, JD Ardila, M Moreno, J Serrato, M Lobelo, F AF Gomez, Luis F. Parra, Diana C. Buchner, David Brownson, Ross C. Sarmiento, Olga L. Pinzon, Jose D. Ardila, Mauricio Moreno, Jose Serrato, Mauricio Lobelo, Felipe TI Built Environment Attributes and Walking Patterns Among the Elderly Population in Bogota SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OF-SPORTS-MEDICINE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OLDER-ADULTS; QUESTIONNAIRES; RECOMMENDATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATIONS; PREVENTION; EXERCISE AB Background: There is increasing evidence that the built environment has an influence on physical activity; however, little is known about this relationship in developing countries. Purpose: This study examined the associations between attributes of the built environment and walking patterns among the elderly. Methods: A multilevel cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007. Fifty neighborhoods were selected and 1966 participants aged >= 60 years were surveyed. Objective built environment measures were obtained in a buffer of 500 m using GIS. Environmental perceptions were assessed via questionnaire. Results: People who lived in areas with middle park area (4.53%-7.98% of land) were more likely to walk for at least 60 minutes during a usual week (prevalence OR [POR]=1.42, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.98). Those who lived in areas with the highest connectivity index (1.81-1.99) were less likely to report walking for at least 60 minutes (POR=0.64, 95% CI=0.44, 0.93). Participants who reported feeling safe or very safe from traffic were more likely to report walking for at least 60 minutes (POR=1.50, 95% CI=1.11, 2.03). The presence of Ciclovia (recreational program) was marginally associated with having walked at least 150 minutes in a usual week (POR=1.29, 95% CI=0.97, 1.73). Conclusions: This study showed that certain built and perceived environment characteristics were associated with walking among older adults living in Bogota. Further studies should be conducted to better understand the potential influence of the built environment on physical activity among the elderly population in the context of Latin American cities. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):592-599) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Gomez, Luis F.; Parra, Diana C.; Moreno, Jose] Fdn FES Social, Div Salud, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Buchner, David] Univ Illinois, Dept Kinesiol & Community Hlth, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Social Med, Sch Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Serrato, Mauricio] Univ Nacl Colombia, Ctr Ciudad, Corp Univ, Bogota, Colombia. [Pinzon, Jose D.; Ardila, Mauricio] Univ Nacl Colombia, Ctr Estudios Urbanos, Bogota, Colombia. [Lobelo, Felipe] CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lobelo, Felipe] Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gomez, LF (reprint author), Fdn FES Social, Div Salud, Carrera 7 73-55,Oficina 1202, Bogota, Colombia. EM lfgomez@fundacionfes.org RI lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568; Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193 FU Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion, COLCIENCIAS FX This research was supported by a grant from the Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion, COLCIENCIAS. Many individuals contributed to this research, and their assistance is acknowledged. In particular, we thank Janeth Mosquera for the cultural adaptation of the self-report instruments. NR 40 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 5 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 592 EP 599 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.005 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400003 PM 20494235 ER PT J AU Farley, TA Dalal, MA Mostashari, F Frieden, TR AF Farley, Thomas A. Dalal, Mehul A. Mostashari, Farzad Frieden, Thomas R. TI Deaths Preventable in the US by Improvements in Use of Clinical Preventive Services SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; SMOKING-CESSATION; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; BLOOD CHOLESTEROL; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; ASPIRIN USE AB Background: Healthcare reform plans refer to improved quality, but there is little quantification of potential health benefits of quality care. Purpose: This paper aims to estimate the health benefits by greater use of clinical preventive services. Methods: Two mathematical models were developed to estimate the number of deaths potentially prevented per year by increasing use of nine clinical preventive services. One model estimated preventable deaths from all causes, and the other estimated preventable deaths from specific categories of causes. Models were based on estimates of the prevalence of risk factors for which interventions are recommended, the effect of those risk factors on mortality, the effect of the interventions on mortality in those at risk, and current and achievable rates of utilization of the interventions. Results: Both models predicted substantial numbers of deaths prevented by greater use of the preventive services, with the greatest increases from services that prevent cardiovascular disease. For example, the all-cause model predicted that every 10% increase in hypertension treatment would lead to an additional 14,000 deaths prevented and every 10% increase in treatment of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or aspirin prophylaxis would lead to 8000 deaths prevented in those aged <80 years, per year. Overall, the models suggest that optimal use of all of these interventions could prevent 50,000-100,000 deaths per year in those aged <80 years and 25,000 - 40,000 deaths per year in those aged <65 years. Conclusions: Substantial improvements in population health are achievable through greater use of a small number of preventive services. Healthcare systems should maximize use of these services. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):600 609) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Farley, Thomas A.; Dalal, Mehul A.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Mostashari, Farzad] USDHHS, Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, Washington, DC USA. [Frieden, Thomas R.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Farley, TA (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,CN-28, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM tfarley@health.nyc.gov NR 46 TC 82 Z9 89 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 600 EP 609 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400004 PM 20494236 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Bohm, MK Chesson, HW Kent, CK AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Bohm, Michele K. Chesson, Harrell W. Kent, Charlotte K. TI Chlamydia Screening and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Insights from Exploratory Time-Series Analyses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; GRANGER CAUSALITY; FOLLOW-UP; INFECTION; WOMEN; TRACHOMATIS; SURVEILLANCE; INFERTILITY; PREVENTION AB Background: Screening for chlamydia has been reported to reduce pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) at the individual level. However, information on population-level association (or causality) is scant. Purpose: This study aims to examine the association between chlamydia and gonorrhea screening and PID diagnoses using time-series analyses. Methods: Monthly chlamydia and gonorrhea screening and PID diagnosis rates were extracted for a cohort of 207,695 continuously enrolled privately insured women from January 2001 to December 2006. An autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to examine whether rates of PID diagnoses in a given month were associated with rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea screening in previous months. Results: Monthly screening rates increased from about 300 to almost 700 per 100,000 for chlamydia and from 250 to almost 650 per 100,000 for gonorrhea, whereas PID diagnosis rates declined during the same period (40-20 per 100,000). Increases in screening rates were associated with decreases in PID diagnosis rates 4 months later. On average, a one-unit (or 10%) increase in the growth of chlamydia and gonorrhea screening rates, separately, in the prior fourth month was significantly associated with a 0.36 (or 3.6%, p<0.05) and 0.32 (or 3.2%, p <0.10) decrease in the growth rate of the PID diagnosis rate, respectively. Conclusions: Although analyses such as these cannot prove causality, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that increases in chlamydia and gonorrhea screening coverage can lead to reductions in PID at the population level. A population-level focus offers advantages over individual-level analyses of screening and PID, such as the ability to capture indirect benefits of increased screening. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):652-657) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Bohm, Michele K.; Chesson, Harrell W.; Kent, Charlotte K.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov FU Gen-Probe FX CKK received an honorarium for a presentation on HIV RNA testing in October 2005 from Gen-Probe, the largest manufacturer of chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 652 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.008 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400010 PM 20494242 ER PT J AU Sutter, ME Bronstein, AC Heard, SE Barthold, CL Lando, J Lewis, LS Schier, JG AF Sutter, Mark E. Bronstein, Alvin C. Heard, Stuart E. Barthold, Claudia L. Lando, James Lewis, Lauren S. Schier, Joshua G. TI The Role of Clinical Toxicologists and Poison Control Centers in Public Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DATA-SYSTEM NPDS; AMERICAN-ASSOCIATION; ILLNESS; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: Poison control centers and clinical toxicologists serve many roles within public health; however, the degree to which these entities collaborate is unknown. Purpose: The objective of this survey was to identify successful collaborations of public health agencies with clinical toxicologists and poison control centers. Four areas including outbreak identification, syndromic surveillance, terrorism preparedness, and daily public health responsibilities amenable to poison control center resources were assessed. Methods: An online survey was sent to the directors of poison control centers, state epidemiologists, and the most senior public health official in each state and selected major metropolitan areas. This survey focused on three areas: service, structure within the local or state public health system, and remuneration. Questions regarding remuneration and poison control center location within the public health structure were asked to assess if these were critical factors of successful collaborations. Senior state and local public health officials were excluded because of a low response rate. The survey was completed in October 2007. Results: A total of 111 respondents, 61 poison control centers and 50 state epidemiologists, were eligible for the survey. Sixty-nine (62%) of the 111 respondents, completed and returned the survey. Thirty-three (54%) of the 61 poison control centers responded, and 36 of the 50 state epidemiologists (72%) responded. The most frequent collaborations were terrorism preparedness and epidemic illness reporting. Additional collaborations also exist. Important collaborations exist outside of remuneration or poison control centers being a formal part of the public health structure. Conclusions: Poison control centers have expanded their efforts to include outbreak identification, syndromic surveillance, terrorism preparedness, and daily public health responsibilities amenable to poison control center resources. Collaboration in these areas and others should be expanded. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):658 662) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Bronstein, Alvin C.; Heard, Stuart E.] Poison Control Ctr, Amer Acad, Alexandria, VA USA. [Barthold, Claudia L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Emergency Med, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. RP Schier, JG (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, MS F-57,4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jschier@cdc.gov RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 658 EP 662 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.010 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400011 PM 20494243 ER PT J AU Sutter, ME Hon, SL Chang, AS Schwartz, MD Algren, DA Schier, JG Lando, J Lewis, LS AF Sutter, Mark E. Hon, Stephanie L. Chang, Arthur S. Schwartz, Michael D. Algren, D. Adam Schier, Joshua G. Lando, James Lewis, Lauren S. TI Transportation-Related Hazardous Materials Incidents and the Role of Poison Control Centers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY CONTAMINATION AB Background: Department of Transportation (DOT) mandates reporting of all serious hazardous materials incidents. Hazardous material exposures may result in secondary contamination of emergency departments, or delayed clinical effects. Poison control centers specialize in the management of patients exposed to toxic substances; however, poison control center notification is not required. Purpose: The objective is to determine the frequency of poison control center notification after serious hazardous materials incidents when patients were transported to a hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of serious hazardous materials incidents as reported by DOT, matched with data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers from 2002 through 2006 that involved patient transport. Incidents were divided into four groups: those reported to a poison control center within 0-360 minutes of the incident; those reported within 361-1440 minutes of the incident; those reported within 1441-4320 minutes of the incident; and no poison control center notification. Analyses were performed on variables including date, time, substance, and time to notification. Data were received in January 2008. Results: One hundred fifty-four serious incidents met inclusion criteria. One hundred thirty-four incidents (87%) occurred without poison control center notification. Poison control centers were notified in 20 incidents (12.9%); 15 incidents (9.7%) were reported within 0-360 minutes of the incident (M=115 minutes, range=5-359 minutes); four incidents (2.6%) were reported within 361-1440 minutes of the incident (M=652 minutes, range=566-750 minutes); and one incident (0.7%) was reported after 4320 minutes following the incident. Conclusions: Most serious hazardous materials incidents involving patient transport are not reported to poison control centers. Opportunities exist to increase utilization of poison control center resources without increasing financial burdens of the hazardous materials incident. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):663 666) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Sutter, Mark E.; Hon, Stephanie L.; Chang, Arthur S.; Schwartz, Michael D.; Algren, D. Adam; Schier, Joshua G.] Georgia Poison Ctr, Dept Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schier, JG (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, MS F-57,4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jschier@cdc.gov RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 663 EP 666 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.011 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400012 PM 20494244 ER PT J AU Schier, JG Rubin, C Schwartz, MD Thomas, JD Geller, RJ Morgan, BW McGeehin, MA Frumkin, H AF Schier, Joshua G. Rubin, Carol Schwartz, Michael D. Thomas, Jerry D. Geller, Robert J. Morgan, Brent W. McGeehin, Michael A. Frumkin, Howard TI Public Health Partnerships in Medical Toxicology Education and Practice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB In December 2002, the medical toxicology sub-board, which consists of representatives from emergency medicine, preventive medicine, and pediatrics, released revised core content for medical toxicology, aiming to better meet the academic challenges imposed by the continually expanding knowledge base of medical toxicology. These challenges included the addition of relatively new areas of interest in medical toxicology, including population health, while simultaneously ensuring that a structural framework existed to accommodate future areas of interest. There is no evidence readily available to assess how well the educational curricula of existing fellowship programs are meeting these needs. In an effort to address this, the authors describe a medical toxicology fellowship program that consists of a partnership among the Emory University School of Medicine, the Georgia Poison Control Center, and the CDC, as well as the results of a reorganization of its academic curriculum that occurred in 2006. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first published report describing such a curriculum redesign. Suggestions and potential resources proposed as enhancements for the public health-associated education of medical toxicology fellows are discussed. The authors also seek to initiate a discussion among programs about how to optimally meet the new challenges developed by the medical toxicology sub-board. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):667-674) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Schier, Joshua G.; Schwartz, Michael D.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Geller, Robert J.; Morgan, Brent W.] Georgia Poison Control Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schier, Joshua G.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Geller, Robert J.; Morgan, Brent W.; Frumkin, Howard] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schier, JG (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, MS F57,4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jschier@cdc.gov RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013; OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 667 EP 674 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.006 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400013 PM 20494245 ER PT J AU Brown, J Sutter, ME Algren, A Thomas, JD Ragone, S Schier, JG Geller, RJ AF Brown, Jennifer Sutter, Mark E. Algren, Adam Thomas, Jerry D. Ragone, Sean Schier, Joshua G. Geller, Robert J. TI The Role of a Poison Control Center in Identifying and Limiting an Outbreak of Foodborne Botulism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DATA-SYSTEM NPDS; AMERICAN-ASSOCIATION AB Many poison control centers partner with public health agencies to handle weekend and after-hours consultations and emergencies. This event describes the effective use of poison control center capabilities in identifying and limiting an outbreak of foodborne botulism. On September 8, 2006, the poison control center received a call regarding a man aged 77 years admitted to a hospital neurology service with dysarthria, dysphagia, and weakness. The poison control center was contacted regarding a concern for botulism. Further information revealed that the patient's wife and a friend had similar symptoms and had eaten together on the previous night. All three sought treatment at different hospitals. The poison control center successfully located the other two patients and provided information regarding the treatment of botulism. In addition, the poison control center notified the on-call local public health official and the CDC for the release of botulinum antitoxin. Public health officials were informed of our concerns for a foodborne outbreak given the common meal. Their investigation determined that the source of botulism was carrot juice. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(6):675-678) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Brown, Jennifer; Sutter, Mark E.; Algren, Adam; Thomas, Jerry D.; Schier, Joshua G.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brown, Jennifer; Sutter, Mark E.; Algren, Adam; Thomas, Jerry D.; Ragone, Sean; Schier, Joshua G.; Geller, Robert J.] Georgia Poison Ctr, Dept Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schier, JG (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, EHHE, HSB, MS F57,4770 Buford Highway NE, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM jschier@cdc.gov RI Schier, Joshua/F-9861-2013 NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 38 IS 6 BP 675 EP 678 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.007 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 606AM UT WOS:000278392400014 PM 20494246 ER PT J AU Kim, SY England, L Wilson, HG Bish, C Satten, GA Dietz, P AF Kim, Shin Y. England, Lucinda Wilson, Hoyt G. Bish, Connie Satten, Glen A. Dietz, Patricia TI Percentage of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Attributable to Overweight and Obesity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; INCREASING PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; US ADULTS; WOMEN; OUTCOMES; POPULATION; PREVENTION; PREGNANCY AB Objectives. We calculated the percentage of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) attributable to overweight and obesity. Methods. We analyzed 2004 through 2006 data from 7 states using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System linked to revised 2003 birth certificate information. We used logistic regression to estimate the magnitude of the association between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and GDM and calculated the percentage of GDM attributable to overweight and obesity. Results. GDM prevalence rates by BMI category were as follows: underweight (13-18.4 kg/m(2)), 0.7%; normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), 2.3%; overweight (25-29.9 kg/m(2)), 4.8%; obese (30-34.9 kg/m(2)), 5.5%; and extremely obese (35-64.9 kg/m(2)), 11.5%. Percentages of GDM attributable to overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity were 15.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]=8.6, 22.2), 9.7% (95% C1=5.2, 14.3), and 21.1% (CI =15.2, 26.9), respectively. The overall population-attributable fraction was 46.2% (95% C1=-36.1, 56.3). Conclusions. If all overweight and obese women (BMI of 25 kg/m(2) or above) had a GDM risk equal to that of normal-weight women, nearly half of GDM cases could be prevented. Public health efforts to reduce prepregnancy BMI by promoting physical activity and healthy eating among women of reproductive age should be intensified. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1047-1052. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.172890) C1 [Kim, Shin Y.; England, Lucinda; Wilson, Hoyt G.; Bish, Connie; Satten, Glen A.; Dietz, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA USA. EM skim1@cdg.gov OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 NR 35 TC 64 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1047 EP 1052 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.172890 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 596YT UT WOS:000277722500025 PM 20395581 ER PT J AU Donahue, JG Kieke, BA Gargiullo, PM Jumaan, AO Berger, NR McCauley, JS Belongia, EA AF Donahue, James G. Kieke, Burney A. Gargiullo, Paul M. Jumaan, Aisha O. Berger, Nicholas R. McCauley, Jeremy S. Belongia, Edward A. TI Herpes Zoster and Exposure to the Varicella Zoster Virus in an Era of Varicella Vaccination SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; OLDER-ADULTS; CHILDREN; IMMUNITY; CHICKENPOX; IMMUNIZATION; DISEASE; US AB Objectives. We performed a case control study to determine if participants with herpes zoster had fewer contacts with persons with varicella or zoster, and with young children, to explore the hypothesis that exposure to persons with varicella zoster virus (VZV) results in "immune boosting." Methods. Participants were patients of the multispecialty Marshfield Clinic in Wisconsin. We identified patients aged 40 to 79 years with a new diagnosis of zoster from August 2000 to July 2005. We frequency matched control participants to case participants for age. We confirmed diagnoses by chart review and assessed exposures by interview. Results. Interviews were completed by 633 of 902 eligible case participants (70.2%) and 655 of 1149 control participants (57.0%). The number of varicella contacts was not associated with zoster; there was no trend even at the highest exposure level (3 or more contacts). Similarly, there was no association with exposure to persons with zoster or to children, or with workplace exposures. Conclusions. Although exposure to VZV in our study was relatively low, the absence of a relationship with zoster reflects the uncertain influence of varicella circulation on zoster epidemiology. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:1116-1122. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.160002) C1 [Donahue, James G.; Kieke, Burney A.; Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Gargiullo, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jumaan, Aisha O.] HPV Vaccines, Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. [Berger, Nicholas R.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Biomed Informat Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Donahue, JG (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr, ML-2,1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM donahue.james@mcrf.mfldclin.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded by a contract with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2002-00732 - Activity G) and administered by Americas Health Insurance Plans. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1116 EP 1122 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.160002 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 596YT UT WOS:000277722500035 PM 20075320 ER PT J AU Hnizdo, E AF Hnizdo, Eva TI Lung Function Loss Associated with Occupational Dust Exposure in Metal Smelting SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; NORWEGIAN SMELTERS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; UNITED-STATES; COAL-MINERS; EMPLOYEES; DECLINE; POPULATION; MORTALITY; ALLOYS C1 NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Hnizdo, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 181 IS 11 BP 1162 EP 1163 DI 10.1164/rccm.201002-0306ED PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 609NN UT WOS:000278663600003 PM 20535848 ER PT J AU Mendelson, M Davis, XM Jensenius, M Keystone, JS von Sonnenburg, F Hale, DC Burchard, GD Field, V Vincent, P Freedman, DO AF Mendelson, Marc Davis, Xiaohong M. Jensenius, Mogens Keystone, Jay S. von Sonnenburg, Frank Hale, Devon C. Burchard, Gerd-Dieter Field, Vanessa Vincent, Peter Freedman, David O. CA GeoSentinel Surveillance Network TI Short Report: Health Risks in Travelers to South Africa: The GeoSentinel Experience and Implications for the 2010 FIFA World Cup SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-AFRICAE; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES AB Using the GeoSentinel database, an analysis of ill patients returning from throughout sub-Saharan Africa over a 13-year period was performed. Systemic febrile illness, dermatologic, and acute diarrheal illness were the most common syndromic groupings, whereas spotted fever group rickettsiosis was the most common individual diagnosis for travelers to South Africa. In contrast to the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, only six cases of malaria were documented in South Africa travelers. Vaccine-preventable diseases, typhoid, hepatitis A, and potential rabies exposures were uncommon in South Africa travelers. Pre-travel advice for the travelers to the 2010 World Cup should be individualized according to these findings. C1 Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & HIV Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Davis, Xiaohong M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Oslo, Ulleval Hosp, Oslo, Norway. Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Keystone, Jay S.] Toronto Gen Hosp, Trop Dis Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada. [von Sonnenburg, Frank] Univ Munich, Sect Int Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, Munich, Germany. [Hale, Devon C.] Univ Utah, Div Infect Dis, UUHN, Int Travel Clin,Redwood Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Hosp Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. [Field, Vanessa] InterHlth & Natl Travel Hlth Network & Ctr NaTHNa, London, England. [Vincent, Peter] Tokai Medicross Travel Clin, Cape Town, South Africa. [Freedman, David O.] Univ Alabama, WC Gorgas Ctr Geog Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL USA. [Burchard, Gerd-Dieter] Bernhard Nocht Clin Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany. [Jensenius, Mogens] Oslo Univ Hosp, Ulleval Dept lnfect Dis, Oslo, Norway. [Mendelson, Marc] Groote Schuur Hosp, Div Infect Dis & HIV Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Mendelson, M (reprint author), G16 68 Groote Schuur Hosp, Div Infect Dis & HIV Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. EM marc.mendelson@uct.ac.za RI yan, liu/A-1822-2015 OI yan, liu/0000-0001-8517-1084 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU412347]; International Society of Travel Medicine FX The Global Surveillance Network of the International Society of Travel Medicine is supported by Cooperative Agreement U50/CCU412347 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and annual core support from the International Society of Travel Medicine. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 6 BP 991 EP 995 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0198 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 606XP UT WOS:000278462600005 PM 20519590 ER PT J AU Kendall, EA LaRocque, RC Bui, DM Galloway, R Ari, MD Goswami, D Breiman, RF Luby, S Brooks, WA AF Kendall, Emily A. LaRocque, Regina C. Bui, Duy M. Galloway, Renee Ari, Mary D. Goswami, Doli Breiman, Robert F. Luby, Stephen Brooks, W. Abdullah TI Short Report: Leptospirosis as a Cause of Fever in Urban Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; AGGLUTINATION-TEST MAT; CONFIRMED LEPTOSPIROSIS; RISK-FACTORS; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAK; HAWAII; INDIA AB We tested paired sera from 584 febrile persons in an low-income urban community in Bangladesh for evidence of Leptospira infection. A total of 8.4% of the persons met criteria for definite or probable infection. Persons with leptospirosis were older than those with undifferentiated fever in this population. The dominant infecting serogroups in Bangladesh differed from serogroups commonly reported in nearby regions. C1 [LaRocque, Regina C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bui, Duy M.; Galloway, Renee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Zoonot & Select Agent Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kendall, Emily A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Luby, Stephen] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Programme Infect Dis & Vaccine Sci, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Hlth Syst Infect Dis Div, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RP Kendall, EA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, 201 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM e.a.kendall@vanderbilt.edu; rclarocque@partners.org; gum8@cdc.gov; zul0@cdc.gov; mari@cdc.gov; drdolly@icddrb.org; sluby@icddrb.org; abrooks@icddrb.org OI Kendall, Emily/0000-0002-0083-422X FU National Institutes of Health [U01-A158935, GR-00100, K01 TW07144, R24 TW007988]; U.S. Agency for International Development [HRN-A-00-96-90005-00]; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh: Centre for Health and Population Research FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (U01-A158935 and GR-00100, K01 TW07144 to Regina C. LaRocque, and R24 TW007988 to Emily A. Kendall), by a cooperative agreement from the U.S. Agency for International Development (HRN-A-00-96-90005-00), and by core donors to the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh: Centre for Health and Population Research. The funding sources had no involvement in the study design, interpretation, or decision to publish. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 6 BP 1127 EP 1130 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0574 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 606XP UT WOS:000278462600027 PM 20519612 ER PT J AU Kosoy, M Bai, Y Sheff, K Morway, C Baggett, H Maloney, SA Boonmar, S Bhengsri, S Dowell, SF Sitdhirasdr, A Lerdthusnee, K Richardson, J Peruski, LF AF Kosoy, Michael Bai, Ying Sheff, Kelly Morway, Christina Baggett, Henry Maloney, Susan A. Boonmar, Sumalee Bhengsri, Saithip Dowell, Scott F. Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai Richardson, Jason Peruski, Leonard F. TI Identification of Bartonella Infections in Febrile Human Patients from Thailand and Their Potential Animal Reservoirs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VINSONII SUBSP ARUPENSIS; SP-NOV; PREVALENCE; HENSELAE; STRAINS; RODENTS; GENE; ENDOCARDITIS; DIVERSITY; PATHOGENS AB To determine the role of Bartonella species as causes of acute febrile illness in humans from Thailand, we used a novel strategy of co-cultivation of blood with eukaryotic cells and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella-specific DNA products. Bartonella species were identified in 14 blood clots from febrile patients. Sequence analysis showed that more than one-half of the genotypes identified in human patients were similar or identical to homologous sequences identified in rodents from Asia and were closely related to B. elizabethae, B. rattimassiliensis, and B. tribocorum. The remaining genotypes belonged to B. henselae, B. vinsonii, and B. tamiae. Among the positive febrile patients, animal exposure was common: 36% reported owning either dogs or cats and 71% reported rat exposure during the 2 weeks before illness onset. The findings suggest that rodents are likely reservoirs for a substantial portion of cases of human Bartonella infections in Thailand. C1 [Kosoy, Michael; Bai, Ying; Sheff, Kelly; Morway, Christina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Baggett, Henry; Maloney, Susan A.; Boonmar, Sumalee; Bhengsri, Saithip; Peruski, Leonard F.] Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn] Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Kosoy, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mkosoy@cdc.gov RI Richardson, Jason/A-9441-2011 FU International Emerging Infections Program; Global Disease Detection Network of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project was supported by the International Emerging Infections Program and Global Disease Detection Network of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 6 BP 1140 EP 1145 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0778 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 606XP UT WOS:000278462600029 PM 20519614 ER PT J AU Farnon, EC Gould, LH Griffith, KS Osman, MS El Kholy, A Brair, ME Panella, AJ Kosoy, O Laven, JJ Godsey, MS Perea, W Hayes, EB AF Farnon, Eileen C. Gould, L. Hannah Griffith, Kevin S. Osman, Magdi S. El Kholy, Amgad Brair, Maria-Emanuela Panella, Amanda J. Kosoy, Olga Laven, Janeen J. Godsey, Marvin S. Perea, William Hayes, Edward B. TI Household-Based Sero-Epidemiologic Survey after a Yellow Fever Epidemic, Sudan, 2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID 1ST RECORDED OUTBREAK; KENYA; CHIKUNGUNYA; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODIES; PROVINCE; VIRUSES AB From September through early December 2005, an outbreak of yellow fever (YF) occurred in South Kordofan, Sudan, resulting in a mass YF vaccination campaign. In late December 2005, we conducted a serosurvey to assess YF vaccine coverage and to better define the epidemiology of the outbreak in an index village. Of 552 persons enrolled, 95% reported recent YE vaccination, and 25% reported febrile illness during the outbreak period: 13% reported YF-like illness, 4% reported severe YE-like illness, and 12% reported chikungunya-like illness. Of 87 persons who provided blood samples, all had positive YF serologic results, including three who had never been vaccinated. There was also serologic evidence of recent or prior chikungunya virus, dengue virus, West Nile virus, and Sindbis virus infections. These results indicate that YF virus and chikungunya virus contributed to the outbreak. The high prevalence of YF antibody among vaccinees indicates that vaccination was effectively implemented in this remotely located population. C1 [Farnon, Eileen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. Sudan Fed Minist Hlth, Khartoum, Sudan. [Osman, Magdi S.] Fed Minist Hlth, Khartoum, Sudan. [El Kholy, Amgad] WHO, Khartoum, Sudan. [Brair, Maria-Emanuela] S Kordofan United Nations Populat Fund, Kadugli, Sudan. [Perea, William] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Hayes, Edward B.] Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res, Barcelona, Spain. Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. RP Farnon, EC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM efarnon@cdc.gov; dvj9@cdc.gov; kkg8@cdc.gov; mgdosman@yahoo.com; elkholya@sud.emro.who.int; briar@unfpa.org; apanella@cdc.gov; okosoy@cdc.gov; jlaven@cdc.gov; mjg9@cdc.gov; pereaw@who.int; ned.hayes@cresib.cat NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 6 BP 1146 EP 1152 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0105 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 606XP UT WOS:000278462600030 PM 20519615 ER PT J AU Mercer, SL Sleet, DA Elder, RW Cole, KH Shults, RA Nichols, JL AF Mercer, Shawna L. Sleet, David A. Elder, Randy W. Cole, Krista Hopkins Shults, Ruth A. Nichols, James L. TI Translating Evidence into Policy: Lessons Learned from the Case of Lowering the Legal Blood Alcohol Limit for Drivers SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Accidents; Traffic; Alcoholic Intoxication; Evidence-Based Practice; Information Dissemination; Public Policy; Review; Systematic; Translational Research AB This case study examines the translation of evidence on the effectiveness of laws to reduce the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of drivers into policy. It was reconstructed through discussions among individuals involved in the processes as well as a review of documentation and feedback on oral presentations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated extensively with federal and non-federal partners and stakeholders in conducting a rigorous systematic review, using the processes of the Guide to Community Preventive Services to evaluate the body of empirical evidence on 0.08% BAC laws. The timely dissemination of the findings and related policy recommendations-made by the independent Task Force on Community Preventive Services-to Congress very likely contributed to the inclusion of strong incentives to States to adopt 0.08 BAC laws by October 2003. Subsequent dissemination to partners and stakeholders informed decision-making about support for state legislative and policy action. This case study suggests the value of: clearly outlining the relationships between health problems, interventions and outcomes; systematically assessing and synthesizing the evidence; using a credible group and rigorous process to assess the evidence; having an impartial body make specific policy recommendations on the basis of the evidence; being ready to capitalize in briefly opening policy windows; engaging key partners and stakeholders throughout the production and dissemination of the evidence and recommendations; undertaking personalized, targeted and compelling dissemination of the evidence and recommendations; involving multiple stakeholders in encouraging uptake and adherence of policy recommendations; and addressing sustainability. These lessons learned may help others working to translate evidence into policy. Ann Epidemiol 2010;20:412-420. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mercer, Shawna L.; Elder, Randy W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off Proposed, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sleet, David A.; Shults, Ruth A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cole, Krista Hopkins] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nichols, James L.] Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm US, Washington, DC 20590 USA. RP Mercer, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Prevent Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SMercer@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 20 IS 6 BP 412 EP 420 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.03.005 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 601BL UT WOS:000278032900002 PM 20470967 ER PT J AU Hein, MJ Waters, MA Ruder, AM Stenzel, MR Blair, A Stewart, PA AF Hein, Misty J. Waters, Martha A. Ruder, Avima M. Stenzel, Mark R. Blair, Aaron Stewart, Patricia A. TI Statistical modeling of occupational chlorinated solvent exposures for case-control studies using a literature-based database SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE case-control study; exposure assessment; exposure determinants; occupational exposure ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; WOOD DUST; FORMALDEHYDE EXPOSURE; DETECTION LIMITS; US INDUSTRIES; DETERMINANTS; WORKER; RISK AB Methods: A measurement database was developed after an extensive review of the published industrial hygiene literature. The database of nearly 3000 measurements or summary measurements included sample size, measurement characteristics (year, duration, and type), and several potential exposure determinants associated with the measurements: mechanism of release (e.g. evaporation), process condition, temperature, usage rate, type of ventilation, location, presence of a confined space, and proximity to the source. The natural log-transformed measurement levels in the exposure database were modeled as a function of the measurement characteristics and exposure determinants using maximum likelihood methods. Assuming a single lognormal distribution of the measurements, an arithmetic mean exposure intensity level was estimated for each unique combination of exposure determinants and decade. Results: The proportions of variability in the measurement data explained by the modeled measurement characteristics and exposure determinants were 36, 38, and 54% for methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene, respectively. Model parameter estimates for the exposure determinants were in the anticipated direction. Exposure intensity estimates were plausible and exhibited internal consistency, but the ability to evaluate validity was limited. Conclusions: These prediction models can be used to estimate chlorinated solvent exposure intensity for jobs reported by population-based case-control study participants that have sufficiently detailed information regarding the exposure determinants. C1 [Hein, Misty J.; Ruder, Avima M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stenzel, Mark R.] Exposure Assessment Applicat LLC, Arlington, VA 22207 USA. [Blair, Aaron] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Stewart, Patricia A.] Stewart Exposure Assessments LLC, Arlington, VA 22207 USA. RP Hein, MJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mhein@cdc.gov RI Waters, Martha/B-7441-2011; Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU National Institutes of Health; CDC/NIOSH Initiative for Cancer Control Projects for Farmers; CDC/NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda; National Cancer Institute; CDC FX Intramural Federal research funding from National Institutes of Health and CDC, including CDC/NIOSH Initiative for Cancer Control Projects for Farmers; CDC/NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute). NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 54 IS 4 BP 459 EP 472 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meq027 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 603OP UT WOS:000278218200011 PM 20418277 ER PT J AU Kogure, T Shimada, R Ishikawa, J Yazawa, K Brown, JM Mikami, Y Gonoi, T AF Kogure, Takahisa Shimada, Reona Ishikawa, Jun Yazawa, Katsukiyo Brown, June M. Mikami, Yuzuru Gonoi, Tohru TI Homozygous Triplicate Mutations in Three 16S rRNA Genes Responsible for High-Level Aminoglycoside Resistance in Nocardia farcinica Clinical Isolates from a Canada-Wide Bovine Mastitis Epizootic SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID DAIRY HERDS; CONVERSION; ANTIBIOTICS; INFECTION; METHYLASE; AMIKACIN; OPERONS; SITES AB Nocardia farcinica strains showing high-level resistance to amikacin were isolated from clinical cases in a Canada-wide bovine mastitis epizootic. Shotgun cloning of the resistance genes in the amikacin-resistant mastitis isolate N. farcinica IFM 10580 (W6220 [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]) using a multicopy vector system revealed that the 16S rRNA gene with an A-to-G single-point mutation at position 1408 (in Escherichia coli numbering) conferred "moderate" cross-resistance to amikacin and other aminoglycosides to an originally susceptible N. farcinica strain IFM 10152. Subsequent DNA sequence analyses revealed that, in contrast to the susceptible strain, all three chromosomal 16S rRNA genes of IFM 10580, the epizootic clinical strain, contained the same A1408G point mutations. Mutant colonies showing high-level aminoglycoside resistance were obtained when the susceptible strain N. farcinica IFM 10152 was transformed with a multicopy plasmid carrying the A1408G mutant 16S rRNA gene and was cultured in the presence of aminoglycosides for 3 to 5 days. Of these transformants, at least two of the three chromosomal 16S rRNA genes contained A1408G mutations. A triple mutant was easily obtained from a strain carrying the two chromosomal A1408G mutant genes and one wild-type gene, even in the absence of the plasmid. The triple mutant showed the highest level of resistance to aminoglycosides, even in the absence of the plasmid carrying the mutant 16S rRNA gene. These results suggest that the homozygous mutations in the three 16S rRNA genes are responsible for the high-level aminoglycoside resistance found in N. farcinica isolates of the bovine mastitis epizootic. C1 [Kogure, Takahisa; Shimada, Reona; Yazawa, Katsukiyo; Mikami, Yuzuru; Gonoi, Tohru] Chiba Univ, Med Mycol Res Ctr, Chuo Ku, Chiba 2608673, Japan. [Ishikawa, Jun] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. [Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gonoi, T (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Med Mycol Res Ctr, Chuo Ku, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 2608673, Japan. EM gonoi@faculty.chiba-u.jp OI gonoi, tohru/0000-0003-3655-7911 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan FX This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) and Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 54 IS 6 BP 2385 EP 2390 DI 10.1128/AAC.00021-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 597KO UT WOS:000277756000014 PM 20308368 ER PT J AU Sleeman, K Mishin, VP Deyde, VM Furuta, Y Klimov, AI Gubareva, LV AF Sleeman, Katrina Mishin, Vasiliy P. Deyde, Varough M. Furuta, Yousuke Klimov, Alexander I. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Favipiravir (T-705) against Drug-Resistant Influenza and 2009 A(H1N1) Viruses SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; OSELTAMIVIR-RESISTANT; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; UNITED-STATES; H5N1 VIRUS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; INFECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ZANAMIVIR AB Favipiravir (T-705) has previously been shown to have a potent antiviral effect against influenza virus and some other RNA viruses in both cell culture and in animal models. Currently, favipiravir is undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. In this study, favipiravir was evaluated in vitro for its ability to inhibit the replication of a representative panel of seasonal influenza viruses, the 2009 A(H1N1) strains, and animal viruses with pandemic (pdm) potential (swine triple reassortants, H2N2, H4N2, avian H7N2, and avian H5N1), including viruses which are resistant to the currently licensed anti-influenza drugs. All viruses were tested in a plaque reduction assay with MDCK cells, and a subset was also tested in both yield reduction and focus inhibition (FI) assays. For the majority of viruses tested, favipiravir significantly inhibited plaque formation at 3.2 mu M (0.5 mu g/ml) (50% effective concentrations [EC(50)s] of 0.19 to 22.48 mu M and 0.03 to 3.53 mu g/ml), and for all viruses, with the exception of a single dually resistant 2009 A(H1N1) virus, complete inhibition of plaque formation was seen at 3.2 mu M (0.5 mu g/ml). Due to the 2009 pandemic and increased drug resistance in circulating seasonal influenza viruses, there is an urgent need for new drugs which target influenza. This study demonstrates that favipiravir inhibits in vitro replication of a wide range of influenza viruses, including those resistant to currently available drugs. C1 [Sleeman, Katrina; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Deyde, Varough M.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Furuta, Yousuke] Toyama Chem Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM LGubareva@cdc.gov NR 61 TC 54 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 54 IS 6 BP 2517 EP 2524 DI 10.1128/AAC.01739-09 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 597KO UT WOS:000277756000030 PM 20350949 ER PT J AU Cragun, WC Bartlett, BL Ellis, MW Hoover, AZ Tyring, SK Mendoza, N Vento, TJ Nicholson, WL Eremeeva, ME Olano, JP Rapini, RP Paddock, CD AF Cragun, W. Chad Bartlett, Brenda L. Ellis, Michael W. Hoover, Aaron Z. Tyring, Stephen K. Mendoza, Natalia Vento, Todd J. Nicholson, William L. Eremeeva, Marina E. Olano, Juan P. Rapini, Ronald P. Paddock, Christopher D. TI The Expanding Spectrum of Eschar-Associated Rickettsioses in the United States SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; NEWLY RECOGNIZED CAUSE; PARKERI INFECTION; TRAVELERS; DISEASE; AFRICA AB Background: Until recently, Rickettsia rickettsii was the only substantiated cause of tick-borne spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiosis in humans in the United States. Rickettsia parkeri, originally thought to be nonpathogenic in humans, was recently proved to be another cause of tick-borne SFG rickettsiosis. Observations: We report 3 cases of SFG rickettsiosis and discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathologic features, and laboratory findings that support confirmed or probable diagnoses of R parkeri infection and describe the expanding list of eschar-associated SFC rickettsioses recognized in US patients. Conclusions: The SFG rickettsioses share many clinical manifestations and extensive antigenic cross-reactivity that may hamper specific confirmation of the causative agent. C1 [Cragun, W. Chad; Hoover, Aaron Z.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Vento, Todd J.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Bartlett, Brenda L.; Tyring, Stephen K.; Mendoza, Natalia] Ctr Clin Studies, Houston, TX USA. [Ellis, Michael W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Tyring, Stephen K.] Univ Texas Med Sch, Dept Dermatol, Houston, TX USA. [Mendoza, Natalia] El Bosque Univ, Bogota, Colombia. [Nicholson, William L.; Eremeeva, Marina E.; Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olano, Juan P.; Rapini, Ronald P.] Univ Texas Med Branch Galveston, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA. [Rapini, Ronald P.] Univ Texas Med Branch Galveston, Dept Dermatol, Galveston, TX USA. [Olano, Juan P.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX USA. RP Cragun, WC (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM chad.cragun@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 146 IS 6 BP 641 EP 648 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 611ZM UT WOS:000278864200008 PM 20404224 ER PT J AU Tolnay, AE Baskin, CR Tumpey, TM Sabourin, PJ Sabourin, CL Long, JP Pyles, JA Albrecht, RA Garcia-Sastre, A Katze, MG Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H AF Tolnay, A. -E. Baskin, C. R. Tumpey, T. M. Sabourin, P. J. Sabourin, C. L. Long, J. P. Pyles, J. A. Albrecht, R. A. Garcia-Sastre, A. Katze, M. G. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H. TI Extrapulmonary tissue responses in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; NECROTIZING ENCEPHALOPATHY; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HUMANS; PATHOLOGY; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; SPREAD AB The mechanisms responsible for virulence of influenza viruses in humans remain poorly understood. A prevailing hypothesis is that the highly pathogenic virus isolates cause a severe cytokinemia precipitating acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) infected with a human highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus isolate (A/Vietnam/1203/2004) or reassortants of human influenza virus A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1) containing genes from the 1918 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus developed severe pneumonia within 24 h postinfection. However, virus spread beyond the lungs was only detected in the H5N1 group, and signs of extrapulmonary tissue reactions, including microglia activation and sustained up-regulation of inflammatory markers, most notably hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), were largely limited to this group. Extrapulmonary pathology may thus contribute to the morbidities induced by H5N1 viruses. C1 [Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H.] Univ Queensland, Sch Vet Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Tolnay, A. -E.; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Baskin, C. R.; Katze, M. G.] Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baskin, C. R.] Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baskin, C. R.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccinol, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ USA. [Tumpey, T. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sabourin, P. J.; Sabourin, C. L.; Long, J. P.; Pyles, J. A.] Battelle Biomed Res Ctr, W Jefferson, OH USA. [Albrecht, R. A.; Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY USA. [Katze, M. G.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baskin, C. R.] Sci Fdn Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Pyles, J. A.] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Vet Sci, Gatton Campus, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM h.bielefeldtohmann1@uq.edu.au RI Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle/A-3686-2010; OI Albrecht, Randy/0000-0003-4008-503X; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU NIH [P01AI058113, U54AI057158, 1RO3AI075019-01, K08AI059106, T32AI07647]; Battelle Memorial Institute FX We thank Craig Miller for assistance with the immunohistochemistry, and Dr. David Fitzpatrick (Biotechclarity Consulting) for critical review of the manuscript. This research was funded by the following grants: NIH no. P01AI058113 and U54AI057158 (AG-S), NIH no. 1RO3AI075019-01 (HBO); NIH no. K08AI059106 (CRB), NIH training grant no. T32AI07647 (RAA) and by the Battelle Memorial Institute (CS, PS). NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 155 IS 6 BP 905 EP 914 DI 10.1007/s00705-010-0662-8 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 605KV UT WOS:000278347400011 PM 20372944 ER PT J AU Oster, ME Riehle-Colarusso, T Correa, A AF Oster, Matthew E. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Correa, Adolfo TI An Update on Cardiovascular Malformations in Congenital Rubella Syndrome SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oster, Matthew E.] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 6 BP 504 EP 505 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 623DA UT WOS:000279716900011 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, ML Stone, MB Carmichael, SL Shaw, GM Moore, CA Botto, LD AF Feldkamp, Marcia L. Stone, Mary Bishop Carmichael, Susan L. Shaw, Gary M. Moore, Cynthia A. Botto, Lorenzo D. TI Maternal Nutrition and Risk for Gastroschisis: Findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Stone, Mary Bishop; Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Stone, Mary Bishop; Botto, Lorenzo D.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Carmichael, Susan L.; Shaw, Gary M.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, March Dimes Res Div, Oakland, CA USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 6 BP 505 EP 505 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 623DA UT WOS:000279716900012 ER PT J AU Reefhuis, J AF Reefhuis, Jennita CA NBDPS TI The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) and Opportunities for Collaboration SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011 OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 6 BP 505 EP 505 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 623DA UT WOS:000279716900013 ER PT J AU Hansen, C O'Leary, L Dominique, Y Fershteyn, Z Correa, A Miller, L AF Hansen, Craig O'Leary, Leslie Dominique, Yvette Fershteyn, Zarina Correa, Adolfo Miller, Lisa CA FASSNet Team TI Age when Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Criteria were met: The Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Surveillance Network (FASSNet) SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hansen, Craig; Dominique, Yvette; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [O'Leary, Leslie] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO 80246 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 6 BP 507 EP 507 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 623DA UT WOS:000279716900019 ER PT J AU Miller, A Siffel, C Lu, CX Riehle-Colarusso, T Frias, JL Correa, A AF Miller, Assia Siffel, Csaba Lu, Chengxing Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Frias, Jaime L. Correa, Adolfo TI Long-Term Survival of Infants with Atrioventricular Septal Defects with and without Down Syndrome in Atlanta SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, Assia; Siffel, Csaba; Lu, Chengxing; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Frias, Jaime L.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Assia] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lu, Chengxing] Merck Res Labs, Upper Gwynedd, PA USA. [Frias, Jaime L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 88 IS 6 BP 509 EP 509 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 623DA UT WOS:000279716900024 ER PT J AU MacDorman, MF Mathews, TJ AF MacDorman, Marian F. Mathews, T. J. TI BirthStats: Percentage of Preterm Births, United States and Selected European Countries, 2004 SO BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [MacDorman, Marian F.; Mathews, T. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP MacDorman, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 2 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7659 J9 BIRTH-ISS PERINAT C JI Birth-Issue Perinat. Care PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 2 BP 168 EP 168 PG 1 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 598UU UT WOS:000277865100011 PM 20557540 ER PT J AU Ashley, DL O'Connor, RJ Bernert, JT Watson, CH Polzin, GM Jain, RB Hammond, D Hatsukami, DK Giovino, GA Cummings, KM McNeill, A Shahab, L King, B Fong, GT Zhang, LQ Xia, Y Yan, XZ McCraw, JM AF Ashley, David L. O'Connor, Richard J. Bernert, John T. Watson, Clifford H. Polzin, Gregory M. Jain, Ram B. Hammond, David Hatsukami, Dorothy K. Giovino, Gary A. Cummings, K. Michael McNeill, Ann Shahab, Lion King, Bill Fong, Geoffrey T. Zhang, Liqin Xia, Yang Yan, Xizheng McCraw, Joan M. TI Effect of Differing Levels of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in Cigarette Smoke on the Levels of Biomarkers in Smokers SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; US-BRAND CIGARETTES; MAINSTREAM SMOKE; CANADIAN CIGARETTES; SALIVARY COTININE; FILTER ANALYSIS; N-NITROSAMINES; LUNG-CANCER; HUMAN URINE; EXPOSURE AB Background: Smokers are exposed to significant doses of carcinogens, including tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Previous studies have shown significant global differences in the levels of TSNAs in cigarette smoke because of the variation in tobacco blending and curing practices around the world. Methods: Mouth-level exposure to 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) measured in cigarette butts and urinary concentrations of its major metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) were examined among 126 daily smokers in four countries over a 24-hour study period. Results: As mouth-level exposure of NNK increased, the urinary NNAL increased even after adjustment for other covariates (beta = 0.46, P = 0.004). The relationship between mouth-level exposure to nicotine and its salivary metabolite, cotinine, was not statistically significant (beta = 0.29, P = 0.057), likely because of the very limited range of differences in mouth-level nicotine exposure in this population. Conclusions: We have shown a direct association between the 24-hour mouth-level exposure of NNK resulting from cigarette smoking and the concentration of its primary metabolite, NNAL, in the urine of smokers. Internal dose concentrations of urinary NNAL are significantly lower in smokers in countries that have lower TSNA levels in cigarettes such as Canada and Australia in contrast to countries that have high levels of these carcinogens in cigarettes, such as the United States. Impact: Lowering the levels of NNK in the mainstream smoke of cigarettes through the use of specific tobacco types and known curing practices can significantly affect the exposure of smokers to this known carcinogen. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(6); 1389-98. (C) 2010 AACR. C1 [Ashley, David L.; Bernert, John T.; Watson, Clifford H.; Polzin, Gregory M.; Jain, Ram B.; Zhang, Liqin; Xia, Yang; Yan, Xizheng; McCraw, Joan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Connor, Richard J.; Cummings, K. Michael] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Hlth Behav, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Giovino, Gary A.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Hlth Behav, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Hammond, David] Univ Waterloo, Dept Hlth Studies & Gerontol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Fong, Geoffrey T.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Psychol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Hatsukami, Dorothy K.] Univ Minnesota, Tobacco Use Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hatsukami, Dorothy K.] Univ Minnesota, Mason Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [McNeill, Ann] Univ Nottingham, Sch Community Hlth Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Shahab, Lion] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Hlth Behav Res Ctr, London, England. [King, Bill] Canc Council Victoria, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Fong, Geoffrey T.] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Ashley, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dla1@cdc.gov RI Shahab, Lion/B-5835-2009; Fong, Geoffrey/H-2810-2014; O'Connor, Richard/A-6961-2009 OI Shahab, Lion/0000-0003-4033-442X; Fong, Geoffrey/0000-0001-9098-6472; FU Roswell Park Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, National Cancer Institute [P50 CA111236]; University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, National Cancer Institute [P50 DA013333] FX Data collection for this study was supported by grants P50 CA111236 (Roswell Park Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center) and P50 DA013333 (University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center) from the National Cancer Institute. NR 45 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1389 EP 1398 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0084 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 607MD UT WOS:000278507300001 PM 20501750 ER PT J AU Berstad, P Coates, RJ Bernstein, L Folger, SG Malone, KE Marchbanks, PA Weiss, LK Liff, JM McDonald, JA Strom, BL Simon, MS Deapen, D Press, MF Burkman, RT Spirtas, R Ursin, G AF Berstad, Paula Coates, Ralph J. Bernstein, Leslie Folger, Suzanne G. Malone, Kathleen E. Marchbanks, Polly A. Weiss, Linda K. Liff, Jonathan M. McDonald, Jill A. Strom, Brian L. Simon, Michael S. Deapen, Dennis Press, Michael F. Burkman, Ronald T. Spirtas, Robert Ursin, Giske TI A Case-Control Study of Body Mass Index and Breast Cancer Risk in White and African-American Women SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR STATUS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; WEIGHT CHANGE; BLACK-WOMEN; REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; FAT DISTRIBUTION; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HORMONE-RECEPTOR; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE AB Objective: Large body size has been associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women but with increased risk in postmenopausal women. Limited information is available about African-American women and differences by estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Methods: We analyzed data from the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study among 3,997 white and African-American breast cancer case patients diagnosed in 1994 to 1998 and 4,041 control participants ages 35 to 64 years. We calculated multivariate odds ratios (OR) as measures of relative risk of breast cancer associated with self-reported body mass index (BMI) at age 18 and 5 years before diagnosis (recent BMI). Results: Risk tended to decrease with increasing BMI at age 18 years in all women [OR(BMI) (>= 25 kg/m2 versus <) (20 kg/m2) = 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63-0.90; P(trend) = 0.005] and with recent BMI in premenopausal women (OR(BMI) (>=) (35 kg/m2 versus < 25 kg/m2) = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.61-1.06; P(trend) = (0.05)), unmodified by race. Among postmenopausal white but not African-American women, there was an inverse relation between recent BMI and risk. High recent BMI was associated with increased risk of estrogen receptor-and progesterone receptor-positive tumors among postmenopausal African-American women (OR(BMI >= 35 kg/m2 versus < 25 kg/m2) = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.08-3.09; P(trend) = 0.03). Conclusion: Among women at age 35 to 64 years, BMI at age 18 years is inversely associated with risk of breast cancer, but association with recent BMI varies by menopause status, race, and hormone receptor status. Impact: Our findings indicate that studies of BMI and breast cancer should consider breast cancer subtypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(6); 1532-44. (C) 2010 AACR. C1 [Berstad, Paula; Ursin, Giske] Univ Oslo, Inst Basic Med Sci, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway. [Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Folger, Suzanne G.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; McDonald, Jill A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liff, Jonathan M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA USA. [Malone, Kathleen E.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Weiss, Linda K.] NCI, Off Canc Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Strom, Brian L.] Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Strom, Brian L.] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Simon, Michael S.] Wayne State Univ, Karmanos Canc Inst, Div Hematol & Oncol, Detroit, MI USA. [Deapen, Dennis; Ursin, Giske] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Press, Michael F.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Burkman, Ronald T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Div Gen Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA 01199 USA. [Spirtas, Robert] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Berstad, P (reprint author), Akershus Univ Hosp, Res Ctr, Box 95, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway. EM p.m.berstad@medisin.uio.no FU Norwegian Cancer Society [04055/001]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Cancer Institute; NIH [N01-HD-3-3168]; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [N01-HD-2-3166]; Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University [N01-HD-3-3174]; University of Pennsylvania [NO1-HD-3-3176]; University of Southern California [N01-HD-3-3175]; Interagency Agreement with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y01-HD-7022]; California Department of Health Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U58DP000807-03]; [N01-PC-67006]; [N01-CN-65064]; [N01-PC-67010]; [N01-CN-0532] FX Grant 04055/001 from Norwegian Cancer Society. Data collection for the Women's CARE study was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and by the National Cancer Institute, NIH, through contracts with Emory University (N01-HD-3-3168), the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (N01-HD-2-3166), the Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University (N01-HD-3-3174), the University of Pennsylvania (NO1-HD-3-3176), the University of Southern California (N01-HD-3-3175), and the Interagency Agreement with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Y01-HD-7022). Collection of cancer incidence data in Los Angeles County by the University of Southern California was supported by the California Department of Health Services as part of a statewide cancer reporting program mandated by the California Health and Safety Code, Section 103885 and by contract 1U58DP000807-03 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Support for use of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries were through contracts N01-PC-67006 (Atlanta), N01-CN-65064 (Detroit), N01-PC-67010 (Los Angeles), and N01-CN-0532 (Seattle). NR 53 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1532 EP 1544 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0025 PG 13 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 607MD UT WOS:000278507300018 PM 20501755 ER PT J AU Bessoff, K Phoutrides, E Delorey, M Acosta, LN Hunsperger, E AF Bessoff, Kovi Phoutrides, Elena Delorey, Mark Acosta, Luz N. Hunsperger, Elizabeth TI Utility of a Commercial Nonstructural Protein 1 Antigen Capture Kit as a Dengue Virus Diagnostic Tool SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; NS1; INFECTION; TESTS; ELISA; IMMUNOASSAY; VIREMIA; FEVER AB Annually, over 2.5 billion people are at risk for infection with dengue virus (DENV), while between 50 and 100 million people contract the infection. There is an urgent need for alternative diagnostic tools that can detect DENV during acute infection. Recent studies have shown that DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is detectable in the blood as early as the onset of symptoms and persists well into the convalescent phase of the infection. We evaluated the utility of the Bio-Rad Platelia DENV NS1 antigen capture kit in combination with real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and an IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) for refining a new algorithm for the diagnosis of acute-or convalescent-phase DENV infection with a single clinical sample. We tested the Bio-Rad kit with three panels of sera. These panels were designed to evaluate the sensitivities of the NS1 kit for (i) early-convalescent-phase samples, (ii) acute-phase samples with false-negative PCR results, and (iii) IgM-negative convalescent-phase samples from patients with confirmed secondary DENV infections. Results show that NS1 can be detected in 22% of serum samples collected more than 10 days after the onset of illness and in 22% of samples that did not elicit an IgM response. Additionally, NS1 was detected in 37% of the tested acute-phase samples with false-negative PCR results, suggesting that NS1 detection may be valuable in increasing the sensitivity of current acute-phase diagnostics. These results will improve diagnosis with a single acute-phase or early-convalescent-phase sample for disease surveillance and clinical diagnosis. C1 [Bessoff, Kovi; Phoutrides, Elena; Acosta, Luz N.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Delorey, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Hunsperger, E (reprint author), CDC, Publ Hlth Serv, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM enh4@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 6 BP 949 EP 953 DI 10.1128/CVI.00041-10 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 603MG UT WOS:000278212100009 PM 20410325 ER PT J AU Priest, JW Kwon, JP Montgomery, JM Bern, C Moss, DM Freeman, AR Jones, CC Arrowood, MJ Won, KY Lammie, PJ Gilman, RH Mead, JR AF Priest, Jeffrey W. Kwon, James P. Montgomery, Joel M. Bern, Caryn Moss, Delynn M. Freeman, Amanda R. Jones, Cara C. Arrowood, Michael J. Won, Kimberly Y. Lammie, Patrick J. Gilman, Robert H. Mead, Jan R. TI Cloning and Characterization of the Acidic Ribosomal Protein P2 of Cryptosporidium parvum, a New 17-Kilodalton Antigen SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PHOSPHOPROTEIN P0; PERUVIAN CHILDREN; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; UNITED-STATES; CYCLOSPORA-CAYETANENSIS AB Cryptosporidium infection is commonly observed among children and immunocompromised individuals in developing countries, but large-scale outbreaks of disease among adults have not been reported. In contrast, outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in the United States and Canada are increasingly common among patients of all ages. Thus, it seems likely that residents of regions where Cryptosporidium is highly endemic acquire some level of immunity, while residents of the developed world do not. A new immunodominant Cryptosporidium parvum antigen in the 15- to 17-kDa size range was identified as the Cryptosporidium parvum 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2 (CpP2). We developed a recombinant protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serologic population surveillance for antibodies that was 89% sensitive and 92% specific relative to the results of the large-format Western blot assay. The human IgG response is directed almost exclusively toward the highly conserved, carboxy-terminal 15 amino acids of the protein. Although IgG antibody cross-reactivity was documented with sera from patients with acute babesiosis, the development of an anti-CpP2 antibody response in our Peru study population correlated better with Cryptosporidium infection than with infection by any other parasitic protozoan. In Haiti, the prevalence of antibodies to CpP2 plateaus at 11 to 20 years of age. Because anti-CpP2 IgG antibodies were found only among residents of countries in the developing world where Cryptosporidium infection occurs early and often, we propose that this response may be a proxy for the intensity of infection and for acquired immunity. C1 [Priest, Jeffrey W.; Kwon, James P.; Montgomery, Joel M.; Bern, Caryn; Moss, Delynn M.; Freeman, Amanda R.; Jones, Cara C.; Arrowood, Michael J.; Won, Kimberly Y.; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kwon, James P.; Jones, Cara C.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gilman, Robert H.] Asociac Benef Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Mead, Jan R.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Decatur, GA USA. [Mead, Jan R.] Atlanta Vet Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. RP Priest, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-13, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jpriest@cdc.gov FU NIH [R21A1059661] FX We acknowledge the support of NIH grant R21A1059661 (to R.H.G.). NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 6 BP 954 EP 965 DI 10.1128/CVI.00073-10 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 603MG UT WOS:000278212100010 PM 20410328 ER PT J AU Granade, TC Workman, S Wells, SK Holder, AN Owen, SM Pau, CP AF Granade, Timothy C. Workman, Shon Wells, Susan K. Holder, Angela N. Owen, S. Michele Pau, Chou-Pong TI Rapid Detection and Differentiation of Antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 Using Multivalent Antigens and Magnetic Immunochromatography Testing SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSTIC WINDOW; SCREENING ASSAYS; VIRUS; PERFORMANCE; INFECTIONS; EXPERIENCE; REDUCTION; PEPTIDES AB A simplified lateral-flow assay for the detection of antibodies to HIV using magnetic-bead conjugates and multibranched peptides from both HIV-1 and HIV-2 was developed. Magnetic immunochromatography testing (MICT) uses a standard lateral-flow platform that incorporates magnetic-bead conjugates for quantitative measurement of the magnetic field distortion associated with the bound magnetic conjugate (reported as adjusted relative magnetic units [MAR]). The results of the optimized MICT assay were compared to standard enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blotting (WB) results using a blinded 649-member panel of specimens from the United States, Cameroon, and West Africa. The panel was comprised of samples from individuals infected with various HIV-1 subtypes (n = 234) or HIV-2 (n = 65) and HIV-seronegative specimens (n = 350). Additionally, 13 HIV-1 seroconversion panels (total specimens = 85), a worldwide panel containing seven of the major circulating HIV-1 subtypes (n = 18), an HIV-2 panel, an HIV-1/HIV-2 mixed panel, and 100 prospective specimens were tested with completely concordant results. Assay reproducibility (observed MAR) for both intra-and interrun testing was excellent, with coefficients of variation of <12%. MICT can provide a rapid, low-cost method of determining HIV antibody status requiring no subjective interpretations. C1 [Granade, Timothy C.; Workman, Shon; Wells, Susan K.; Holder, Angela N.; Owen, S. Michele; Pau, Chou-Pong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Granade, TC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TGranade@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1034 EP 1039 DI 10.1128/CVI.00029-10 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 603MG UT WOS:000278212100020 PM 20410326 ER PT J AU Miller, WG Myers, GL Sakurabayashi, I Bachmann, LM Caudill, SP Dziekonski, A Edwards, S Kimberly, MM Korzun, WJ Leary, ET Nakajima, K Nakamura, M Nilsson, G Shamburek, RD Vetrovec, GW Warnick, GR Remaley, AT AF Miller, W. Greg Myers, Gary L. Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke Bachmann, Lorin M. Caudill, Samuel P. Dziekonski, Andrzej Edwards, Selvin Kimberly, Mary M. Korzun, William J. Leary, Elizabeth T. Nakajima, Katsuyuki Nakamura, Masakazu Nilsson, Goeran Shamburek, Robert D. Vetrovec, George W. Warnick, G. Russell Remaley, Alan T. TI Seven Direct Methods for Measuring HDL and LDL Cholesterol Compared with Ultracentrifugation Reference Measurement Procedures SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS ASSAYS; PRECIPITATION; PERFORMANCE AB BACKGROUND: Methods from 7 manufacturers and 1 distributor for directly measuring HDL cholesterol (C) and LDL-C were evaluated for imprecision, trueness, total error, and specificity in nonfrozen serum samples. METHODS: We performed each direct method according to the manufacturer's instructions, using a Roche/Hitachi 917 analyzer, and compared the results with those obtained with reference measurement procedures for HDL-C and LDL-C. Imprecision was estimated for 35 runs performed with frozen pooled serum specimens and triplicate measurements on each individual sample. Sera from 37 individuals without disease and 138 with disease (primarily dyslipidemic and cardiovascular) were measured by each method. Trueness and total error were evaluated from the difference between the direct methods and reference measurement procedures. Specificity was evaluated from the dispersion in differences observed. RESULTS: Imprecision data based on 4 frozen serum pools showed total CVs <3.7% for HDL-C and <4.4% for LDL-C. Bias for the nondiseased group ranged from -5.4% to 4.8% for HDL-C and from -6.8% to 1.1% for LDL-C, and for the diseased group from -8.6% to 8.8% for HDL-C and from -11.8% to 4.1% for LDL-C. Total error for the nondiseased group ranged from -13.4% to 13.6% for HDL-C and from -13.3% to 13.5% for LDL-C, and for the diseased group from -19.8% to 36.3% for HDL-C and from -26.6% to 31.9% for LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: Six of 8 HDL-C and 5 of 8 LDL-C direct methods met the National Cholesterol Education Program total error goals for nondiseased individuals. All the methods failed to meet these goals for diseased individuals, however, because of lack of specificity toward abnormal lipoproteins. (C) 2010 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Miller, W. Greg; Bachmann, Lorin M.; Dziekonski, Andrzej; Korzun, William J.; Vetrovec, George W.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Myers, Gary L.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Edwards, Selvin; Kimberly, Mary M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke] Jichi Med Univ, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. [Leary, Elizabeth T.] Pacific Biometr & Pacific Biometr Res Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Otsuka Pharmceut, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakamura, Masakazu] Osaka Med Ctr Hlth Sci & Promot, Osaka, Japan. [Nilsson, Goeran] Nilsson Measurement Qual, Uppsala, Sweden. [Shamburek, Robert D.; Remaley, Alan T.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Warnick, G. Russell] Hlth Diagnost Lab, Richmond, VA USA. RP Miller, WG (reprint author), POB 980286, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM gmiller@vcu.edu FU US distributors Genzyme; Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation; Merck; Pfizer; Abbott; Schering Plough; NIH; Gilead (CV Therapeutics); Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo; Cordis FX W. G. Miller, PI for this investigation, sources acknowledged in manuscript; G. W. Vetrovec, Merck, Pfizer, Abbott, and Schering Plough; A. T. Remaley, NIH.; G.W. Vetrovec, Pfizer, Gilead (CV Therapeutics), Lilly/Daiichi Sankyo, Cordis (all 4 are speaker bureau related), Cordis-Johnson & Johnson and Corindus (both relate to grants for education or research under discussion at time of declaration).; The authors are grateful to each of the Japanese manufacturers mentioned in the Methods section, who provided financial support, reagents, calibrators, and controls for this evaluation, and to US distributors Genzyme, who provided their HDL-C calibrator, and Pointe Scientific, who provided financial support. We thank Roche Diagnostics for providing reagents, calibrators, and controls, plus the loan of a Hitachi 917 instrument for use in this investigation. We thank Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation for financial support, and T. Mallory for arranging the support from the US distributors. We appreciate the assistance of Drs. T. Gehr, D. Carl, A. Vinnikova, and V. Luketic, along with C. Sargeant, for recruiting patients at VCU. We also thank K. Dobbin and E. Monsell at CDC for performing the cholesterol RMP measurements and statistical calculations, respectively. NR 22 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 56 IS 6 BP 977 EP 986 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2009.142810 PG 10 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 602NB UT WOS:000278145000019 PM 20378768 ER PT J AU Amitai, Z Bromberg, M Bernstein, M Raveh, D Keysary, A David, D Pitlik, S Swerdlow, D Massung, R Rzotkiewicz, S Halutz, O Shohat, T AF Amitai, Ziva Bromberg, Michal Bernstein, Michael Raveh, David Keysary, Avi David, Dan Pitlik, Silvio Swerdlow, David Massung, Robert Rzotkiewicz, Sabine Halutz, Ora Shohat, Tamy TI A Large Q Fever Outbreak in an Urban School in Central Israel SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COXIELLA-BURNETII; PARTURIENT CAT AB Background. On 28 June 2005, numerous cases of febrile illness were reported among 322 students and employees of a boarding high school located in an urban area in central Israel. Subsequent investigation identified a large outbreak of Q fever which started 2 weeks earlier. We describe the investigation of this outbreak and its possible implications. Methods. We conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for Q fever disease. Environmental sampling was conducted to identify the source and the mode of transmission of Coxiella burnetii, the infectious agent. Results. Of 303 individuals, 187 (62%) reported being ill between 15 June and 13 July 2005. Serological evidence for C. burnetii infection was evident in 144 (88%) of the 164 tested individuals. Being a student, dining regularly at the school dining room, and boarding at school during a June religious holiday and the preceding weekend were all significant risk factors for contracting Q fever. C. burnetii DNA was detected using polymerase chain reaction on samples from the school dining room's air conditioning system, supporting contribution of the air conditioning system to the aerosol transmission of the infectious agent. Conclusions. We report a large outbreak of Q fever in an urban school, possibly transmitted through an air conditioning system. A high level of suspicion for C. burnetii infection should be maintained when investigating point source outbreaks of influenza-like disease, especially outside the influenza season. C1 [Bromberg, Michal] Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Israel Ctr Dis Control, Gertner Inst, Minist Hlth, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Amitai, Ziva; Shohat, Tamy] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv Dist Hlth Off, Minist Hlth, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Halutz, Ora] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv Med Ctr, Clin Virol Unit, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Shohat, Tamy] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Sackler Sch Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Bernstein, Michael] Kimron Vet Inst, Dept Bacteriol, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [David, Dan] Kimron Vet Inst, Rabies Lab, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Raveh, David] Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Infect Dis Unit, Jerusalem, Israel. [Keysary, Avi; Rzotkiewicz, Sabine] Israel Inst Biol Res, Israel Natl Reference Ctr Rickettsiosis, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. [Pitlik, Silvio] Rabin Med Ctr, Petah Tiqwa, Israel. [Swerdlow, David; Massung, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bromberg, M (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Israel Ctr Dis Control, Gertner Inst, Minist Hlth, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM michal.bromberg@icdc.health.gov.il RI Raveh, Dina/A-7166-2012 NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1433 EP 1438 DI 10.1086/652442 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 590AF UT WOS:000277194800001 PM 20415568 ER PT J AU Bate, SL Dollard, SC Cannon, MJ AF Bate, Sheri Lewis Dollard, Sheila C. Cannon, Michael J. TI Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1988-2004 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL-ACTIVITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CMV INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; MOTHER; IMMUNIZATION; TRANSMISSION; ACQUISITION AB Background. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection causes permanent disabilities in more than 5500 children each year in the United States. The likelihood of congenital infection and disability is highest for infants whose mothers were CMV seronegative before conception and who acquire infection during pregnancy. Methods. To provide a current, nationally representative estimate of the seroprevalence of CMV in the United States and to investigate trends in CMV infection, serum samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 were tested for CMV-specific immunoglobulin G antibody, and results were compared with those from NHANES III (1988-1994). Individuals aged 6-49 years (21,639 for NHANES III and 15,310 for NHANES 1999-2004) were included. Results. For NHANES 1999-2004, the overall age-adjusted CMV seroprevalence was 50.4%. CMV seroprevalence was higher among non-Hispanic black and Mexican American children compared with non-Hispanic white children and increased more quickly in subsequent age groups. CMV seropositivity was independently associated with older age, female sex, foreign birthplace, low household income, high household crowding, and low household education. Compared with NHANES 1988-1994, the overall age-adjusted CMV seroprevalence for NHANES 19992004 was not significantly different. Conclusions. Many women of reproductive age in the United States are still at risk of primary CMV infection during pregnancy. There is an urgent need for vaccine development and other interventions to prevent and treat congenital CMV. The substantial disparities in CMV risk among seronegative women suggest that prevention strategies should include an emphasis on reaching racial or ethnic minorities and women of low socioeconomic status. C1 [Bate, Sheri Lewis; Dollard, Sheila C.; Cannon, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1825 Century Ctr Blvd,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 FU GlaxoSmithKline; CDC Foundation FX This work was supported through a grant from GlaxoSmithKline and the CDC Foundation and in part by an appointment (S.L.B.) to the research participation program at the CDC, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. NR 39 TC 180 Z9 191 U1 4 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1439 EP 1447 DI 10.1086/652438 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 590AF UT WOS:000277194800002 PM 20426575 ER PT J AU Althoff, KN Gange, SJ Klein, MB Brooks, JT Hogg, RS Bosch, RJ Horberg, MA Saag, MS Kitahata, MM Justice, AC Gebo, KA Eron, JJ Rourke, SB Gill, MJ Rodriguez, B Sterling, TR Calzavara, LM Deeks, SG Martin, JN Rachlis, AR Napravnik, S Jacobson, LP Kirk, GD Collier, AC Benson, CA Silverberg, MJ Kushel, M Goedert, JJ McKaig, RG Van Rompaey, SE Zhang, JB Moore, RD AF Althoff, Keri N. Gange, Stephen J. Klein, Marina B. Brooks, John T. Hogg, Robert S. Bosch, Ronald J. Horberg, Michael A. Saag, Michael S. Kitahata, Mari M. Justice, Amy C. Gebo, Kelly A. Eron, Joseph J. Rourke, Sean B. Gill, M. John Rodriguez, Benigno Sterling, Timothy R. Calzavara, Liviana M. Deeks, Steven G. Martin, Jeffrey N. Rachlis, Anita R. Napravnik, Sonia Jacobson, Lisa P. Kirk, Gregory D. Collier, Ann C. Benson, Constance A. Silverberg, Michael J. Kushel, Margot Goedert, James J. McKaig, Rosemary G. Van Rompaey, Stephen E. Zhang, Jinbing Moore, Richard D. CA N Amer AIDS Cohort Collaboration R TI Late Presentation for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care in the United States and Canada SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-INFECTION; MEDICAL-CARE; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; RISK; POPULATION; ADULTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATION; GUIDELINES AB Background. Initiatives to improve early detection and access to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services have increased over time. We assessed the immune status of patients at initial presentation for HIV care from 1997 to 2007 in 13 US and Canadian clinical cohorts. Methods. We analyzed data from 44,491 HIV-infected patients enrolled in the North American-AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design. We identified first presentation for HIV care as the time of first CD4(+) T lymphocyte (CD4) count and excluded patients who prior to this date had HIV RNA measurements, evidence of antiretroviral exposure, or a history of AIDS-defining illness. Trends in mean CD4 count (measured as cells/mm(3)) and 95% confidence intervals were determined using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission risk, and cohort. Results. Median age at first presentation for HIV care increased over time (range, 40-43 years; P<.01), whereas the percentage of patients with injection drug use HIV transmission risk decreased (from 26% to 14%; P<.01) and heterosexual transmission risk increased (from 16% to 23%; P<.01). Median CD4 count at presentation increased from 256 cells/mm(3) (interquartile range, 96-455 cells/mm(3)) to 317 cells/mm(3) (interquartile range, 135517 cells/mm(3)) from 1997 to 2007 (P<.01). The percentage of patients with a CD4 count >= 350 cells/mm(3) at first presentation also increased from 1997 to 2007 (from 38% to 46%; P<.01). The estimated adjusted mean CD4 count increased at a rate of 6 cells/mm(3) per year (95% confidence interval, 5-7 cells/mm(3) per year). Conclusion. CD4 count at first presentation for HIV care has increased annually over the past 11 years but has remained <350 cells/mm(3), which suggests the urgent need for earlier HIV diagnosis and treatment. C1 [Althoff, Keri N.; Gange, Stephen J.; Gebo, Kelly A.; Jacobson, Lisa P.; Kirk, Gregory D.; Zhang, Jinbing; Moore, Richard D.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Goedert, James J.; McKaig, Rosemary G.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bosch, Ronald J.] Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Horberg, Michael A.; Silverberg, Michael J.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Deeks, Steven G.; Martin, Jeffrey N.; Kushel, Margot] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Benson, Constance A.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Saag, Michael S.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kitahata, Mari M.; Collier, Ann C.; Van Rompaey, Stephen E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Justice, Amy C.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Justice, Amy C.] Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, New Haven, CT USA. [Eron, Joseph J.; Napravnik, Sonia] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Rodriguez, Benigno] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sterling, Timothy R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Klein, Marina B.] McGill Univ Montreal, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Hogg, Robert S.] Simon Fraser Univ, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Hogg, Robert S.] British Columbia Ctr Excellence & HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Rourke, Sean B.; Calzavara, Liviana M.; Rachlis, Anita R.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Gill, M. John] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Moore, RD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Sch Med, 1830 E Monument St,Ste 8059, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM rdmoore@jhmi.edu RI Hogg, Robert/B-2783-2012; Rodriguez, Benigno/C-3365-2009; Gill, John/G-7083-2016; OI Rodriguez, Benigno/0000-0001-9736-7957; Gill, John/0000-0002-8546-8790; Gange, Stephen/0000-0001-7842-512X; Hogg, Robert/0000-0003-3463-5488 FU National Institutes of Health [U01-AI069918, U10-AA013566, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, U01-AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, U01-AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI42590, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-HD32632, M01-RR00071, M01-RR00079, M01-RR00083, M01-RR00722, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, R01-MH54907, R24-AI067039, Z01-CP010176, N02-CP55504, R01-DA11602, AI-69432, K01-AI071754, R01-AA16893, K24-DA00432, K23-AI610320, R01-AI069434]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [HS 290-01-0012]; Ardea Biosciences; Avexa; Boehringer-Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gilead Sciences; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck; Monogram Biosciences; Pain Therapeutics; Panacos; Pfizer; Progenics; Roche Laboratories; Tibotec; Tobira Therapeutics; Vicro; Achillion Pharmaceuticals; Theratechnologies; Roche; Gilead; Abbott; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec; Canadian HIV Trials Network; Ontario HIV Treatment Network; Schering Plough Canada; Universitywide AIDS Research Program; Community Benefit/Kaiser Permanente; Johns Hopkins University; Schering-Plough; Koronis; Achillion; Steris FX We are grateful to all patients, physicians, investigators, and staff involved in the NA-ACCORD. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (U01-AI069918, U10-AA013566, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, U01-AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, U01-AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI42590, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-HD32632, M01-RR00071, M01-RR00079, M01-RR00083, M01-RR00722, P30-AI27757, P30-AI27767, P30-AI50410, P30-AI54999, R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, R01-MH54907, R24-AI067039, Z01-CP010176, N02-CP55504, R01-DA11602, AI-69432, K01-AI071754, R01-AA16893, K24-DA00432, K23-AI610320, and R01-AI069434) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (HS 290-01-0012).; Potential conflicts of interest. M. S. S. reports that he has received consulting fees from Ardea Biosciences, Avexa, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Monogram Biosciences, Pain Therapeutics, Panacos, Pfizer, Progenics, Roche Laboratories, Tibotec, Tobira Therapeutics, and Vicro and research support from Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Avexa, Boehringer-Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Panacos, Pfizer, Progenics, Theratechnologies, and Tibotec. S. G. D. reports that he has received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Roche, Gilead, and Boehringer-Ingelheim and grant support from Merck, Gilead, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Pfizer. J.J.E. reports that he has received consulting fees from Tibotec, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer, lecture fees from Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Tibotec, and Merck, and grant support from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Boehringer-Ingelheim. M.J.G. reports that he has received consulting fees from Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Abbott, Merck, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Tibotec, and Pfizer and grant support from GlaxoSmithKline, Abbott, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Tibotec, and Pfizer. R. S. H. reports that he has received grant support from Merck. M. BK. reports that she has received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Abbott, Pfizer, and Boehringer-Ingelheim, lecture fees from Abbott, Gilead, Tibotec, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and GlaxoSmithKline, and research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Ontario HIV Treatment Network, and Schering Plough Canada. A. R. R. reports that she has received consulting and lecture fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Abbott, Merck, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead, and Tibotec and grant support from GlaxoSmithKline, Tibotec, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Abbott, Merck, Pfizer, and Roche. M. A. H. reports that he has received grant support from Gilead, Abbott, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. M.J.S. reports that he has received grant support from Pfizer, Merck, Gilead, Universitywide AIDS Research Program, and Community Benefit/Kaiser Permanente. K. A. G. reports that she has received consulting fees from Tibotec and grant support from the Johns Hopkins University Richard Ross Award. R. D. M. reports that he has received consulting fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb and GlaxoSmithKline, lecture fees from Gilead, and grant support from Pfizer, Merck, and Gilead. A. C. C. reports that she has received consulting fees from Merck, Pfizer, and GlaxoSmithKline, equity ownership/stock options in Bristol-Myers Squibb and Abbott, and grant support from Schering-Plough, Tibotec-Virco, Gilead, Koronis, and Merck. C. A. B. reports that she has received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Merck, and Achillion and grant support from Gilead. B. R. reports that he has received consulting fees from Gilead and Bristol-Myers Squibb, lecture fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, and grant support from Steris. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 44 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1512 EP 1520 DI 10.1086/652650 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 590AF UT WOS:000277194800014 PM 20415573 ER PT J AU Harris, TG Li, JH Hanna, DB Munsiff, SS AF Harris, Tiffany G. Li, Jiehui Hanna, David B. Munsiff, Sonal S. TI Changing Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Tuberculosis among HIV-Infected Patients, New York City, 1992-2005 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; T-LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RADIOGRAPHIC PRESENTATION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SURVIVAL; MANIFESTATIONS; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; DISEASE AB Background. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has decreased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related morbidity, tuberculosis remains an important disease among HIV-infected individuals. Methods. By use of surveillance data, sociodemographic and clinical changes among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected tuberculosis patients in New York City were evaluated using the Cochran-Armitage trend test and multivariate logistic regression across 3 periods: 1992-1995 (pre-HAART), 1996-2000 (early HAART), and 2001-2005 (late HAART). Results. Among tuberculosis patients with known HIV status, 4345 (60%) of 7224 were HIV-infected in pre-HAART, 1943 (33%) of 5933 in early HAART, and 851 (22%) of 3815 in late HAART (P<.001 for trend). During the study period, the age of HIV-infected tuberculosis patients increased, and greater proportions were female, non-Hispanic black, Asian, and foreign born; the proportion that was non-Hispanic white decreased. The proportion that was culture-negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis increased (from 7% pre-HAART to 21% late HAART; P<.001 for trend; early HAART vs pre-HAART adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-2.04), and the proportion with extrapulmonary disease also increased (from 32% to 46%; P<.001 for trend). The proportion with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis decreased (from 16% to 4%; P<.001 for trend), especially from pre-HAART to early HAART (aOR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.25-0.40). The proportion who died before tuberculosis treatment decreased (from 12% to 7%), and the proportion who died during tuberculosis treatment also decreased (from 29% to 11%) (both, P<.001 for trend). Over time, HIV-infected tuberculosis patients had AIDS longer before the diagnosis of tuberculosis (P<.001 for trend). Similar trends for culture, site of disease, and drug resistance were seen for HIV-uninfected tuberculosis patients. Conclusions. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics changed substantially among HIV-infected tuberculosis patients in New York City. Awareness of these changes may speed diagnosis of tuberculosis. Future studies should evaluate HAART's effect on tuberculosis presentation among HIV-infected patients. C1 [Harris, Tiffany G.; Li, Jiehui; Hanna, David B.; Munsiff, Sonal S.] NYC Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 10007 USA. [Munsiff, Sonal S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Harris, TG (reprint author), NYC Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 253 Broadway,Rm 602, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM tharris@health.nyc.gov FU NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Bureau of Tuberculosis Control and Bureau of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control FX NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Bureau of Tuberculosis Control and Bureau of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1524 EP 1531 DI 10.1086/652654 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 590AF UT WOS:000277194800016 PM 20415570 ER PT J AU Abdel-Kader, K Patel, PR Kallen, AJ Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Bolton, WK Unruh, ML AF Abdel-Kader, Khaled Patel, Priti R. Kallen, Alexander J. Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Bolton, Warren K. Unruh, Mark L. TI Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis: A Survey of Nephrologists' Perceptions and Practices SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; CONTRAST AGENTS; GADOLINIUM EXPOSURE; RENAL-FAILURE; UNITED-STATES; DERMOPATHY; RISK; PATHOGENESIS; INVOLVEMENT; THERAPY AB Background and objectives: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a disorder that can affect patients with renal dysfunction exposed to a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). Given the unique role nephrologists play in caring for patients at risk to develop NSF, this study surveyed their perceptions and practices regarding NSF. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: An internet-based, cross-sectional survey of clinical nephrologists in the United States was performed. Perceptions and self-reported practices regarding NSF and local facility policies were assessed concerning GBCA use in renal dysfunction. Results: Of the 2310 eligible nephrologists e-mailed to participate in the survey, 171 (7.4%) responded. Respondents spent 85% of their time in direct patient care and 83% worked in private practice; 59% had cared for a patient with NSF. Although over 90% were aware of the morbidity and mortality associated with NSF, 31% were unaware of an association with specific GBCA brand and 50% believed chronic kidney disease stage 3 patients were at risk to develop NSF. Changes in facility policies concerning GBCA use in renal dysfunction were widespread (>90%). Most nephrologists (56%) felt that enacted policies were appropriate, yet 58% were uncertain if the changes had benefited patients. Conclusions: These results indicate that nephrologists are generally familiar with the risk factors and consequences of NSF, but their perceptions do not always align with current evidence. Local policy changes in GBCA use are pervasive. Most nephrologists are comfortable with these policy changes but have mixed feelings regarding their effectiveness. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5: 964-971, 2010. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00140110 C1 [Abdel-Kader, Khaled; Unruh, Mark L.] Univ Pittsburgh, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bolton, Warren K.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Div Nephrol, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Abdel-Kader, K (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Renal Electrolyte Div, 3550 Terrace St,A909 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM abdelkaderk@upmc.edu OI Abdel-Kader, Khaled/0000-0002-6412-8498 FU National Kidney Foundation; Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award [T32-DK061296] FX We would like to sincerely thank Dale Singer and the RPA for their assistance. This work was supported by a National Kidney Foundation Clinical Research Fellowship and a Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award Institutional Research Training Grant (T32-DK061296, K.A.K.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 5 IS 6 BP 964 EP 971 DI 10.2215/CJN.00140110 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 608OY UT WOS:000278596200004 PM 20299369 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ AF Khoury, M. J. TI Dealing With the Evidence Dilemma in Genomics and Personalized Medicine SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREVENTION AB In this commentary, I discuss how the promise of genomics and personalized medicine (GPM) is currently not matched by the evidence that supports its use in clinical practice. The mismatch between expectations and reality can be addressed by placing greater emphasis on multidisciplinary translation research and by stakeholder-driven collaboration that uses such research to address various and occasionally competing factors affecting the integration of genomic discoveries into clinical practice. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 87 IS 6 BP 635 EP 638 DI 10.1038/clpt.2010.4 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 604FX UT WOS:000278264000010 PM 20485318 ER PT J AU Verani, JR Schrag, SJ AF Verani, Jennifer R. Schrag, Stephanie J. TI Group B Streptococcal Disease in Infants: Progress in Prevention and Continued Challenges SO CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus agalactiae; Streptococcus group B; Infant; Newborn; Sepsis; Meningitis ID ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS; INTRAPARTUM ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI SEPSIS; INFECTED BREAST-MILK; RISK-FACTORS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; VAGINAL COLONIZATION; UNITED-STATES; TERM INFANTS AB The burden of early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus (GBS) has decreased dramatically in the United States over the past 20 years. Universal culture-based screening at 35 to 37 weeks gestational age and use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis are the cornerstones of prevention measures that have led to this decline. GBS, however, remains the leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis in the United States. Revised guidelines for prevention of perinatal GBS are planned for issuance in 2010. This article discusses implementation challenges for clinicians caring for pregnant women and newborns and presents an updated algorithm for neonatal management. C1 [Verani, Jennifer R.; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Verani, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jverani@cdc.gov NR 115 TC 47 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0095-5108 J9 CLIN PERINATOL JI Clin. Perinatol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 2 BP 375 EP + DI 10.1016/j.clp.2010.02.002 PG 19 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 621MV UT WOS:000279583900005 PM 20569813 ER PT J AU Li, R Zhang, P Barker, LE Hoerger, TJ AF Li, Rui Zhang, Ping Barker, Lawrence E. Hoerger, Thomas J. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Aspirin Use Among Persons With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; COLLABORATIVE METAANALYSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SECONDARY PREVENTION; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; UTILITY ANALYSIS; EVENTS; COMPLICATIONS; MODEL AB OBJECTIVE - To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of aspirin use among adults aged years with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We used a validated cost-effectiveness model of type 2 diabetes to assess the lifetime health and cost consequences of use or nonuse of aspirin. The model simulates the progression of diabetes and accompanying complications for a cohort of subjects with type 2 diabetes. The model predicts the outcomes of type 2 diabetes along Eve disease paths (nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, coronary heart disease, and stoke) from the time of diagnosis until age 94 years or until death. RESULTS - Over a lifetime, aspirin users gained 0.31 life-years (LY) or 0.19 quality-adjusted LYs (QALYs) over nonaspirin users, at an incremental cost of $1,700, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of aspirin use was $5,428 per LY gained or $8,801 per QALY gained. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the ICER was <$30,000 per QALY in all of 2,000 realizations in two scenarios. CONCLUSIONS - Regular use of aspirin among people with newly diagnosed diabetes is cost-effective. C1 [Li, Rui; Zhang, Ping; Barker, Lawrence E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hoerger, Thomas J.] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Li, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rli2@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 2010 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1193 EP 1199 DI 10.2337/dc09-1888 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 617TI UT WOS:000279304300009 PM 20332350 ER PT J AU Toney, NC Toney, SR Butler, WR AF Toney, Nadege C. Toney, Sean R. Butler, W. Ray TI Utility of high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acids and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing for routine identification of Mycobacterium spp. in a national reference laboratory SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE 16S rRNA gene sequencing; High-performance liquid chromatography; Mycolic acids ID INTERNATIONAL WORKING GROUP; SLOWLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; CHELONAE-LIKE ORGANISM; SP-NOV.; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; CLINICAL-RELEVANCE; TERRAE COMPLEX; AVIUM COMPLEX; TAXONOMY; DIFFERENTIATION AB High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mycolic acids and partial gene sequencing for the first 500-bp 5' end of the 16S rRNA gene were used singularly and in combination to evaluate the final identification of species. Examination of 200 cultures revealed 100 strains of slowly growing mycobacteria (SGM), 91 strains of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), and 9 strains of other genera. SGM were discriminated in complexes with both methods for 56 strains, composed primarily of the Mycobacterium spp.: Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium terrae, and Mycobacterium simiae-Mycobacterium lentiflavum. For RGM, 73 strains were associated with complexes designated as Mycobacterium abscessus-Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium fortuitum-Mycobacterium peregrinum, and Mycobacterium mucogenicum-Mycobacterium phocaicum. Consistent identification of all the isolates differentiated to single species within the Mycobacterium genus was not possible with either test method. Sequencing results often distinguished complexes containing fewer species, and combining the results from each method increased the confidence of identifying the correct species. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Toney, Nadege C.; Toney, Sean R.; Butler, W. Ray] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Toney, NC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ngc6@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 67 IS 2 BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.diagimicrobio.2010.02.011 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 603FS UT WOS:000278194700005 PM 20466195 ER PT J AU Murphy, MW Iqbal, S Sanchez, CA Quinlisk, P AF Murphy, Matthew W. Iqbal, Shahed Sanchez, Carlos A. Quinlisk, Patricia TI Postdisaster Health Communication and Information Sources: The Iowa Flood Scenario SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE natural disasters; environmental health; floods; communications media; risk communication AB Background: During June 2008, heavy precipitation and 500-year flood events resulted in the displacement of thousands of families throughout eastern Iowa. The objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness and preferred sources of health messages communicated to the public following the disaster. Methods: Three hundred twenty-seven households were surveyed in 4 counties hit hardest by the flooding. A 48-item questionnaire containing items on demographics, housing, health information sources, and 8 specific health issues was administered. Results: Almost all of the participants (99.0%) received information on at least 1 of the health topics covered by the survey. Most participants received information regarding vaccination (84.1%), mold (79.5%), safe use of well water (62.7%), respirator use (58.7%), or stress (53.8%). Television was the primary (54.7%) and preferred (60.2%) source of health information for most people, followed by the Internet (11.0% and 30.3% as source and preference, respectively). Conclusions: Public health messages were received by a wide audience in the flood-affected communities. Along with more traditional health communication channels such as television, radio, or newspapers, continued emphasis on the development of health information Web sites and other technological alternatives may result in useful and effective health communication in similar situations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:129-134) C1 [Murphy, Matthew W.] CDC, NCEH, DEHHE, HSB, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Iqbal, Shahed] CDC, Air Pollut Branch, NCEH, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Quinlisk, Patricia] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. RP Murphy, MW (reprint author), CDC, NCEH, DEHHE, HSB, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MSF 57, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM MMurphy@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 605MZ UT WOS:000278353000012 PM 20526135 ER PT J AU Des Jarlais, DC Arasteh, K McKnight, C Hagan, H Perlman, DC Torian, LV Beatice, S Semaan, S Friedman, SR AF Des Jarlais, Don C. Arasteh, Kamyar McKnight, Courtney Hagan, Holly Perlman, David C. Torian, Lucia V. Beatice, Sara Semaan, Salaam Friedman, Samuel R. TI HIV infection during limited versus combined HIV prevention programs for IDUs in New York City: The importance of transmission behaviors SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE Syringe exchange; HIV prevention programs; IDUs; New York City; Prevention for positives ID INJECTION-DRUG-USERS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C-VIRUS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; RISK REDUCTION; EPIDEMIC; SEROPREVALENCE; INTERVENTION; PEOPLE; COHORT AB Objectives: As no single HIV prevention program has eliminated HIV transmission, there is growing interest in the effectiveness of "combined" prevention programming. To compare HIV infection among persons injecting in the initial programs environment (IPE) in New York City (self-initiated risk reduction, methadone, education/outreach, and HIV testing) to HIV infection among persons injecting in a combined programs environment (CPE) (above programs plus large-scale syringe exchange). To identify potential behavioral mechanisms through which combined programs are effective. Methods: Subjects were recruited from the Beth Israel drug detoxification program. A risk behavior questionnaire was administered and HIV testing conducted. Subjects who injected only between 1984 and 1994 (WE) were compared to subjects who injected only between 1995 and 2008 (CPE). Results: 261 IPE subjects and 1153 CPE subjects were recruited. HIV infection was significantly lower among the CPE subjects compared to WE subjects: prevalence 6% versus 21%, estimated incidence 0.3/100 person-years versus 4/100 person-years (both p < 0.001). The percentage of subjects at risk of acquiring HIV through receptive syringe sharing was similar across CPE and IPE subjects (30% versus 33%). The percentage of subjects at risk of transmitting HIV through injection-related behaviors (who were both HIV seropositive and reported passing on used needles/syringes), was much lower among the CPE subjects than among the WE subjects (1% versus 10%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Combined prevention programs can greatly reduce HIV transmission. Reducing distributive sharing by HIV seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs) may be a critical component in reducing HIV transmission in high seroprevalence settings. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Des Jarlais, Don C.; Arasteh, Kamyar; McKnight, Courtney; Perlman, David C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, New York, NY 10038 USA. [Hagan, Holly] NYU, Sch Nursing, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Torian, Lucia V.; Beatice, Sara] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Friedman, Samuel R.] Natl Dev & Res Inst Inc, New York, NY 10009 USA. RP Des Jarlais, DC (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, 160 Water St,24th Floor, New York, NY 10038 USA. EM dcdesjarla@aol.com FU NIH [DA 03574, 2 P30 DA 11041] FX Funding for this study was provided by the NIH Grant # DA 03574 and 2 P30 DA 11041 but the NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.028 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 609MF UT WOS:000278660000024 PM 20163922 ER PT J AU van Gelder, MMHJ Reefhuis, J Caton, AR Werler, MM Druschel, CM Roeleveld, N AF van Gelder, Marleen M. H. J. Reefhuis, Jennita Caton, Alissa R. Werler, Martha M. Druschel, Charlotte M. Roeleveld, Nel CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Characteristics of pregnant illicit drug users and associations between cannabis use and perinatal outcome in a population-based study SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy; Substance abuse; Prenatal exposure; Birth weight; Gestational age ID PRETERM BIRTH; MARIJUANA USE; COCAINE USE; DEFECTS; WEIGHT; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; RISK; LIFE AB Background: According to the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 4.6% of American women reported use of an illicit drug during pregnancy. Previous studies on illicit drug use during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes allowed inconsistent results. Methods: This population-based study included mothers who delivered live-born infants without birth defects between 1997 and 2004 and completed interviews for the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (response rate 69%; n=5871). Prevalence of self-reported illicit drug use (specifically cannabis, cocaine, and stimulants) during pregnancy and its associations with demographic and social factors were assessed. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses to study the associations of cannabis use with birth weight and gestational age. Results: The prevalence of reported illicit drug use during pregnancy was 3.6% (standard error 0.24). Pregnant users of cannabis, cocaine, and stimulants were younger, had a lower level of education and lower household income, and were less likely to have used folic acid in the periconceptional period than nonusers. Illicit drug users were also more likely to have used alcohol and tobacco. After adjustment for confounding, cannabis use was not associated with mean birth weight or gestational age or with low birth weight or preterm delivery. Conclusion: Women who report use of illicit drugs during pregnancy differ in demographic and socioeconomic background from nonusers. Reported cannabis use does not seem to be associated with low birth weight or preterm birth. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [van Gelder, Marleen M. H. J.; Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [van Gelder, Marleen M. H. J.; Roeleveld, Nel] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & HTA, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Caton, Alissa R.; Druschel, Charlotte M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Congenital Malformat Registry, Ctr Environm Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Werler, Martha M.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Reefhuis, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mail Stop E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nzr5@cdc.gov RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011; Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; van Gelder, Marleen/P-9473-2015; Roeleveld, Nel/B-4242-2008; OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831; van Gelder, Marleen/0000-0003-4853-4434; Roeleveld, Nel/0000-0002-3390-4466; Werler, Martha/0000-0003-3392-6814 FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [021.001.008] FX Author van Gelder was supported by grant 021.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). The NWO had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 23 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 243 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.01.007 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 609MF UT WOS:000278660000037 PM 20171023 ER PT J AU Quan, PL Wagner, TA Briese, T Torgerson, TR Hornig, M Tashmukhamedova, A Firth, C Palacios, G Baisre-De-Leon, A Paddock, CD Hutchison, SK Egholm, M Zaki, SR Goldman, JE Ochs, HD Lipkin, WI AF Quan, Phenix-Lan Wagner, Thor A. Briese, Thomas Torgerson, Troy R. Hornig, Mady Tashmukhamedova, Alla Firth, Cadhla Palacios, Gustavo Baisre-De-Leon, Ada Paddock, Christopher D. Hutchison, Stephen K. Egholm, Michael Zaki, Sherif R. Goldman, James E. Ochs, Hans D. Lipkin, W. Ian TI Astrovirus Encephalitis in Boy with X-linked Agammaglobulinemia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EMERGING VIRAL-INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; NEURODEGENERATION; PATHOGENESIS; ETIOLOGIES; ASTROCYTES; DISORDERS; DISEASES; VIRUSES; SEARCH AB Encephalitis is a major cause of death worldwide. Although >100 pathogens have been identified as causative agents, the pathogen is not determined for up to 75% of cases. This diagnostic failure impedes effective treatment and underscores the need for better tools and new approaches for detecting novel pathogens or determining new manifestations of known pathogens. Although astroviruses are commonly associated with gastroenteritis, they have not been associated with central nervous system disease. Using unbiased pyrosequencing, we detected an astrovirus as the causative agent for encephalitis in a 15-year-old boy with agammaglobulinemia; several laboratories had failed to identify the agent. Our findings expand the spectrum of causative agents associated with encephalitis and highlight unbiased molecular technology as a valuable tool for differential diagnosis of unexplained disease. C1 [Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Wagner, Thor A.; Torgerson, Troy R.; Ochs, Hans D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wagner, Thor A.; Torgerson, Troy R.; Ochs, Hans D.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. [Firth, Cadhla] Penn State Univ, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lipkin, WI (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM wil2001@columbia.edu RI Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015 OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938 FU National Institutes of Health [AI57158, AI070411, EY017404-02]; Google.org; Department of Defense FX This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AI57158 (Northeast Biodefense Center to W.I.L.), AI070411, EY017404-02; Google.org; and the Department of Defense. NR 28 TC 98 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 918 EP 925 DI 10.3201/eid1606.091536 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000002 PM 20507741 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Ding, ZR Wang, HL Li, LQ Pang, YK Brown, KE Xu, ST Zhu, Z Rota, PA Featherstone, D Xu, WB AF Zhang, Yan Ding, Zhengrong Wang, Huiling Li, Liqun Pang, Yankun Brown, Kevin E. Xu, Songtao Zhu, Zhen Rota, Paul A. Featherstone, David Xu, Wenbo TI New Measles Virus Genotype Associated with Outbreak, China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; UNITED-STATES AB To determine the origin of the virus associated with a measles outbreak in Menglian County, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, in 2009, we conducted genetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleoprotein (N) and hemagglutinin (H) gene sequences showed that these Menglian viruses were not closely related to sequences of any World Health Organization (WHO) reference strains representing the 23 currently recognized genotypes. The minimum nucleotide divergence between the Menglian viruses and the most closely related reference strain, genotype D7, was 3.3% for the N gene and 3.0% for the H gene. A search of the databases of GenBank, WHO, and the Health Protection Agency Measles Nucleotide Surveillance showed that the Menglian viruses, together with the 2 older non-Menglian viruses, could be members of a new proposed measles genotype, d11. The new genotype designation will allow for better description of measles transmission patterns, especially in the Southeast Asian and Western Pacific regions. C1 [Xu, Wenbo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Ding, Zhengrong; Li, Liqun; Pang, Yankun] Yunnan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Wang, Huiling] Capital Med Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Huiling] Beijing Childrens Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Brown, Kevin E.] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Featherstone, David] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Xu, WB (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Rm 509,27 Nan Wei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM wenbo_xu1@yahoo.com.cn FU National Ministry of Science, China [2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202, 2008ZX10004-014-5]; WHO FX This study was supported by the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of the National Ministry of Science (grant nos. 2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202, and 2008ZX10004-014-5) from China and the grants from the WHO fund for the Western Pacific Regional Office of the Measles Regional Reference Laboratory. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 943 EP 947 DI 10.3201/eid1606.100089 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000005 PM 20507744 ER PT J AU Andriamandimby, SF Randrianarivo-Solofoniaina, AE Jeanmaire, EM Ravololomanana, L Razafimanantsoa, LT Rakotojoelinandrasana, T Razainirina, J Hoffmann, J Ravalohery, JP Rafisandratantsoa, JT Rollin, PE Reynes, JM AF Andriamandimby, Soa Fy Randrianarivo-Solofoniaina, Armand Eugene Jeanmaire, Elisabeth M. Ravololomanana, Lisette Razafimanantsoa, Lanto Tiana Rakotojoelinandrasana, Tsanta Razainirina, Josette Hoffmann, Jonathan Ravalohery, Jean-Pierre Rafisandratantsoa, Jean-Theophile Rollin, Pierre E. Reynes, Jean-Marc TI Rift Valley Fever during Rainy Seasons, Madagascar, 2008 and 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RECENT COMMON ANCESTRY; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; DENGUE AB During 2 successive rainy seasons, January 2008 through May 2008 and November 2008 through March 2009, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) caused outbreaks in Madagascar. Human and animal infections were confirmed on the northern and southern coasts and in the central highlands. Analysis of partial sequences from RVFV strains showed that all were similar to the strains circulating in Kenya during 2006-2007. A national cross-sectional serologic survey among slaughterhouse workers at high risk showed that RVFV circulation during the 2008 outbreaks included all of the Malagasy regions and that the virus has circulated in at least 92 of Madagascar's 111 districts. To better predict and respond to RVF outbreaks in Madagascar, further epidemiologic studies are needed, such as RVFV complete genome analysis, ruminant movement mapping, and surveillance implementation. C1 [Andriamandimby, Soa Fy; Rakotojoelinandrasana, Tsanta; Razainirina, Josette; Hoffmann, Jonathan; Ravalohery, Jean-Pierre; Rafisandratantsoa, Jean-Theophile; Reynes, Jean-Marc] Inst Pasteur, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Randrianarivo-Solofoniaina, Armand Eugene; Ravololomanana, Lisette] Minist Sante & Planning Familial, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Jeanmaire, Elisabeth M.] Food & Agr Org, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Razafimanantsoa, Lanto Tiana] Minist Agr, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reynes, JM (reprint author), Ctr Pasteur Cameroun, Serv Virol, Rue Dunant,BP 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon. EM reynes@pasteur-yaounde.org RI Reynes, Jean-Marc/M-6108-2014 FU World Health Organization; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FX This study was supported in part by funds raised by the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations through the Central Emergency Response Fund of the United Nations. NR 24 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 963 EP 970 DI 10.3201/eid1606.091266 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000008 PM 20507747 ER PT J AU Mesquita, JR Barclay, L Nascimento, MSJ Vinje, J AF Mesquita, Joao Rodrigo Barclay, Leslie Jose Nascimento, Maria Sao Vinje, Jan TI Novel Norovirus in Dogs with Diarrhea SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ASSAY; PCR AB To identify the prevalence and genetic variability of noroviruses in dogs, we tested fecal samples by using reverse transcription PCR. We found canine norovirus in 40% and 9% of dogs with and without diarrhea, respectively. The virus was genetically unrelated to other noroviruses and constitutes a tentative new genogroup. C1 [Barclay, Leslie; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mesquita, Joao Rodrigo] Polytech Inst Viseu, Viseu, Portugal. [Mesquita, Joao Rodrigo; Jose Nascimento, Maria Sao] Univ Porto, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. RP Vinje, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jvinje@cdc.gov RI Mesquita, Joao/B-6960-2016; OI Mesquita, Joao/0000-0001-8769-8103; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675; Garcia Alexandre, Maria Sao Jose/0000-0002-6157-4978 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/45407/2008] FX The study was partly supported by grant SFRH/BD/45407/2008 to J.R.M. from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia. NR 15 TC 72 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 13 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 980 EP 982 DI 10.3201/eid1606.091861 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000012 PM 20507751 ER PT J AU Schultz, MG AF Schultz, Myron G. TI Daniel Alcides Carrion SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schultz, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgs1@edc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1026 EP 1027 DI 10.3201/eid1606.091937 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000026 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI The Unbearable Lightness of Being SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EID Journal, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EID Journal, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1052 EP 1053 DI 10.3201/eid1606.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 602UJ UT WOS:000278164000043 PM 20507781 ER PT J AU Dumesic, DA Azziz, R Padmanabhan, V Kannan, K Vagi, S Tarantal, AF Abbott, DH AF Dumesic, D. A. Azziz, R. Padmanabhan, V. Kannan, K. Vagi, S. Tarantal, A. F. Abbott, D. H. TI Differential Regulation of Bisphenol A in PCOS Women and by Prenatal Testosterone Excess in Pregnant Nonhuman Primates. SO ENDOCRINE REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 92nd Meeting and Expo of the Endocrine Society (ENDO 2010) CY JUN 19-22, 2010 CL San Diego, CA SP Endocrine Society ID EXPOSURE C1 [Dumesic, D. A.; Abbott, D. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Azziz, R.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Padmanabhan, V.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kannan, K.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Kannan, K.] Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Vagi, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tarantal, A. F.] Univ Calif Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0163-769X J9 ENDOCR REV JI Endocr. Rev. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 3 SU 1 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 652FV UT WOS:000281989402401 ER PT J AU Barr, DB Olsson, AO Wong, LY Udunka, S Baker, SE Whitehead, RD Magsumbol, MS Williams, BL Needham, LL AF Barr, Dana Boyd Olsson, Anders O. Wong, Lee-Yang Udunka, Simeon Baker, Samuel E. Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr. Magsumbol, Melina S. Williams, Bryan L. Needham, Larry L. TI Urinary Concentrations of Metabolites of Pyrethroid Insecticides in the General US Population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE general population; insecticide; NHANES; pyrethroid; 3-phenoxybenzoic acid; urine ID HUMAN DOSE-EXCRETION; CYPERMETHRIN; EXPOSURE; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS; NEUROTOXICITY; PESTICIDES; MODE AB BACKGROUND: Pyrethroid insecticides are the most commonly used residential insecticides in the United States. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess human exposure via biomonitoring to pyrethroid insecticides in a representative sample of the general U.S. population >= 6 years of age. METHODS: By using isotope-dilution high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray chemical ionization/tandem mass spectrometry, we measured five urinary metabolites of pyrethroid insecticides in 5,046 samples collected as a part of the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Univariate, multivariate, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed using SUDAAN and SAS software, incorporating the appropriate sample weights into the analyses. Multivariate analyses included age, sex, race/ethnicity, creatinine, fasting status, and urine collection time as covariates. RESULTS: We detected 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA), a metabolite common to many pyrethroid insecticides, in more than 70% of the samples. The least-squares geometric mean (LSGM) concentration (corrected for covariates) of 3PBA and the frequency of detection increased from 1999-2000 (0.292 ng/mL) to 2001-2002 (0.318 ng/mL) but not significantly. Non-Hispanic blacks had significantly higher LSGM 3PBA concentrations than did non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans in the 2001-2002 survey period and in the combined 4-year survey periods but not in the 1999-2000 survey period. Children had significantly higher LSGM concentrations of 3PBA than did adolescents in both NHANES periods and than adults in NHANES 1999-2000. Cis- and trans-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid were highly correlated with each other and with 3PBA, suggesting that urinary 3PBA was derived primarily from exposure to permethrin, cypermethrin, or their degradates. CONCLUSIONS: Pyrethroid insecticide exposure in the U.S. population is widespread, and the presence of its metabolites in the urine of U.S. residents indicates that children may have higher exposures than adolescents and adults. C1 [Barr, Dana Boyd; Olsson, Anders O.; Wong, Lee-Yang; Udunka, Simeon; Baker, Samuel E.; Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr.; Magsumbol, Melina S.; Williams, Bryan L.; Needham, Larry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barr, DB (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd,Room 272, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dbbarr@emory.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; OI Magsumbol, Melina/0000-0002-4904-6427 NR 29 TC 112 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 25 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 6 BP 742 EP 748 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901275 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 608NP UT WOS:000278591300016 PM 20129874 ER PT J AU Weuve, J Hauser, R Calafat, AM Missmer, SA Wise, LA AF Weuve, Jennifer Hauser, Russ Calafat, Antonia M. Missmer, Stacey A. Wise, Lauren A. TI Association of Exposure to Phthalates with Endometriosis and Uterine Leiomyomata: Findings from NHANES, 1999-2004 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE dibutyl phthalate; di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; endometriosis; leiomyomata; monobenzyl phthalate; monobutyl phthalate; monoethyl phthalate; mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE; RAT GRANULOSA-CELLS; UNITED-STATES; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CYCLING RATS; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; SUPPRESSES ESTRADIOL; PSEUDOPREGNANT RATS AB BACKGROUND: Phthalates are ubiquitous chemicals used in consumer products. Some phthalates are reproductive toxicants in experimental animals, but human data are limited. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a cross-sectional study of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in relation to self-reported history of endometriosis and uterine leiomyomata among 1,227 women 20-54 years of age from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2004. METHODS: We examined four phthalate metabolites: mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP). From the last two NHANES cycles, we also examined mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP). We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Eighty-seven (7%) and 151 (12%) women reported diagnoses of endometriosis and leiomyomata, respectively. The ORs comparing the highest versus lowest three quartiles of urinary MBP were 1.36 (95% CI, 0.77-2.41) for endometriosis, 1.56 (95% CI, 0.93-2.61) for leiomyomata, and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.07-2.75) for both conditions combined. The corresponding ORs for MEHP were 0.44 (95% CI, 0.19-1.02) for endometriosis, 0.63 (95% CI, 0.35-1.12) for leiomyomata, and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.37-0.95) for both conditions combined. Findings for MEHHP and MEOHP agreed with findings for MEHP with respect to endometriosis only. We observed Mill associations for MEP and MBzP. Associations were similar when we excluded women diagnosed > 7 years before their NHANES evaluation. CONCLUSION: The positive associations for MBP and inverse associations for MEHP in relation to endometriosis and leiomyomata warrant investigation in prospective studies. C1 [Weuve, Jennifer] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Weuve, Jennifer; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Androl Lab, Vincent Mem Obstet & Gynecol Serv, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Vitro Fertilizat Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wise, Lauren A.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Weuve, J (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, 645 W Jackson Blvd,Suite 675, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM Jennifer_Weuve@rush.edu OI Wise, Lauren/0000-0003-2138-3752 NR 67 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 18 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 6 BP 825 EP 832 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901543 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 608NP UT WOS:000278591300028 PM 20185384 ER PT J AU Castorina, R Bradman, A Fenster, L Barr, DB Bravo, R Vedar, MG Harnly, ME McKone, TE Eisen, EA Eskenazi, B AF Castorina, Rosemary Bradman, Asa Fenster, Laura Barr, Dana Boyd Bravo, Roberto Vedar, Michelle G. Harnly, Martha E. McKone, Thomas E. Eisen, Ellen A. Eskenazi, Brenda TI Comparison of Current-Use Pesticide and Other Toxicant Urinary Metabolite Levels among Pregnant Women in the CHAMACOS Cohort and NHANES SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE ETU; exposure; NHANES; organophosphate; pesticides; pregnancy; prenatal; urinary metabolites; women ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 24-HOUR CREATININE CLEARANCE; ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS PESTICIDES; REFERENCE VALUES; EXPOSURE; ETHYLENETHIOUREA; POPULATION; WORKERS; QUANTIFICATION; CALIFORNIA AB BACKGROUND: We measured 34 metabolites of current-use pesticides and other precursor compounds in urine samples collected twice during pregnancy from 538 women living in the Salinas Valley of California, a highly agricultural area (1999-2001). Precursors of these metabolites included fungicides, carbamate, organochlorine, organophosphorus (OP), and pyrethroid insecticides, and triazine and chloroacetanilide herbicides. We also measured ethylenethiourea, a metabolite of the ethylene-bisdithiocarbamate fungicides. Repeat measurements of the compounds presented here have not been reported in pregnant women previously. To understand the impact of the women's regional environment on these findings, we compared metabolite concentrations from the CHAMACOS (Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas) cohort with U.S. national reference data for 342 pregnant women sampled by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002). RESULTS: The eight metabolites detected in > 50% of samples [2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP); 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP); 1- and 2-naphthol; ortho-phenylphenol (ORTH); para-nitrophenol (PNP); 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP); and 3,4,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy)] may be related to home or agricultural pesticide use in the Salinas Valley, household products, and other sources of chlorinated phenols. More than 78% of women in this study had detectable levels of at least one of the OP pesticide-specific metabolites that we measured, and > 30% had two or more. The 95th percentile values of six of the most commonly detected (> 50%) compounds were significantly higher among the CHAMACOS women after controlling for age, race, socioeconomic status, and smoking [(2,4-DCP; 2,5-DCP; ORTH; PNP; 2,4,6-TCP; and TCPy); quantile regression p < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that the CHAMACOS cohort has an additional burden of precursor pesticide exposure compared with the national sample, possibly from living and/or working in an agricultural area. C1 [Castorina, Rosemary] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth Res, CHAMACOS, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Fenster, Laura; Harnly, Martha E.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd; Bravo, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [McKone, Thomas E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Castorina, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth Res, CHAMACOS, 1995 Univ Ave,Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM rcastori@berkeley.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [RO1 OH007400-04, PO1 ES009605]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD 83171001] FX This publication was made possible by research supported by grants RO1 OH007400-04 and PO1 ES009605 from National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and grant RD 83171001 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the U.S. EPA, NIEHS, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 9 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 6 BP 856 EP 863 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901568 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 608NP UT WOS:000278591300032 PM 20129873 ER PT J AU Harari, R Julvez, J Murata, K Barr, D Bellinger, DC Debes, F Grandjean, P AF Harari, Raul Julvez, Jordi Murata, Katsuyuki Barr, Dana Bellinger, David C. Debes, Frodi Grandjean, Philippe TI Neurobehavioral Deficits and Increased Blood Pressure in School-Age Children Prenatally Exposed to Pesticides SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE acetylcholinesterase; blood pressure; maternal exposure; neurotoxicity syndromes; occupational exposure; organophosphorus compounds; pesticides; prenatal exposure delayed effects ID DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; INDUSTRIAL-CHEMICALS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; ORGANOPHOSPHATE; METHYLMERCURY; PREGNANCY; COHORT; MALNUTRITION; POTENTIALS AB BACKGROUND: The long-term neurotoxicity risks caused by prenatal exposures to pesticides are unclear, but a previous pilot study of Ecuadorian school children suggested that blood pressure and visuospatial processing may be vulnerable. OBJECTIVES: In northern Ecuador, where floriculture is intensive and relies on female employment, we carried out an intensive cross-sectional study to assess children's neurobehavioral functions at 6-8 years of age. METHODS: We examined all 87 children attending two grades in the local public school with an expanded battery of neurobehavioral tests. Information on pesticide exposure during the index pregnancy was obtained from maternal interview. The children's current pesticide exposure was assessed from the urinary excretion of organophosphate metabolites and erythrocyte acetylcholine esterase activity. RESULTS: Of 84 eligible participants, 35 were exposed to pesticides during pregnancy via maternal occupational exposure, and 23 had indirect exposure from paternal work. Twenty-two children had detectable current exposure irrespective of their prenatal exposure status. Only children with prenatal exposure from maternal greenhouse work showed consistent deficits after covariate adjustment, which included stunting and socioeconomic variables. Exposure-related deficits were the strongest for motor speed (Finger Tapping Task), motor coordination (Santa Ana Form Board), visuospatial performance (Stanford-Binet Copying Test), and visual memory (Stanford-Binet Copying Recall Test). These associations corresponded to a developmental delay of 1.5-2 years. Prenatal pesticide exposure was also significantly associated with an average increase of 3.6 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and a slight decrease in body mass index of 1.1 kg/m(2). Inclusion of the pilot data strengthened these results. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the notion that prenatal exposure to pesticides at levels not producing adverse health outcomes in the mother can cause lasting adverse effects on brain development in children. Pesticide exposure therefore may contribute to a "silent pandemic" of developmental neurotoxicity. C1 [Julvez, Jordi; Bellinger, David C.; Grandjean, Philippe] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Harari, Raul] Corp Desarrollo Prod & Medio Ambiente Laboral, Quito, Ecuador. [Murata, Katsuyuki] Akita Univ, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Akita 010, Japan. [Barr, Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bellinger, David C.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Debes, Frodi; Grandjean, Philippe] Univ So Denmark, Dept Environm Med, Odense, Denmark. RP Grandjean, P (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM pgrand@hsph.harvard.edu RI Harari, Raul/E-1241-2015; OI Harari, Raul/0000-0002-1829-5316; Grandjean, Philippe/0000-0003-4046-9658 FU Tabacundo public school and the personnel at the health clinic; Corporacion para el Desarrollo de la Produccion y el Medio Ambiente Laboral FX We thank the school teachers at the Tabacundo public school and the personnel at the health clinic for their support. We also thank M. Dakeishi (Akita University, Akita, Japan), R. Freire and G. Albuja (Corporacion pars el Desarrollo de la ProducciOn y el Medio Ambiente Laboral, Quito, Ecuador), and M. Perez (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA) for assistance in the examinations.; R.H. is the managing director of a nonprofit foundation (Corporacion para el Desarrollo de la Produccion y el Medio Ambiente Laboral) that carries out research, training, and risk communication in occupational and environmental health. The author has no financial or personal relationship with people or organizations that could inappropriately influence the work submitted. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. NR 53 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 16 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 118 IS 6 BP 890 EP 896 DI 10.1289/ehp.0901582 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 608NP UT WOS:000278591300037 PM 20185383 ER PT J AU Dorsey, RR Eberhardt, MS Ogden, CL AF Dorsey, Rashida R. Eberhardt, Mark S. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN WEIGHT MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR BY WEIGHT PERCEPTION STATUS SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Weight management; Weight Perception; Race/Ethnicity; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BODY-SIZE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CAUCASIAN WOMEN; SELF-PERCEPTION; UNITED-STATES; OBESE WOMEN; LOSE WEIGHT; OVERWEIGHT AB Objective: To examine racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between weight perception and weight management behaviors among overweight and obese adults. Participants: The study examined a nationally representative sample of 11,319 non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black and Mexican American overweight and obese adults aged >= 20 years from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Design: Body mass index (BMI, defined as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was used to categorize overweight (25 <= BMI<30) and obesity (BMI >= 30). Measured height and weight were used to calculate BMI. Subjects reported self-perception of weight status (correct perception and misperception) and weight management behaviors over the previous 12 months (trying to lose weight, trying not to gain weight, and having a desired weight goal). Weight perception stratified logistic regression was used to model odds of weight management behavior by race/ethnicity. Results: Among overweight and obese non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Mexican American adults, correct weight perception was positively associated with weight management behavior. In multiple logistic regression models, overweight non-Hispanic Blacks with a weight misperception were less likely to have tried to lose weight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]=.5,1.0) or to have tried not to gain weight (aOR=.7; 95% CI =.5,1.0) compared to overweight non-Hispanic Whites with a weight misperception. Among the obese with a misperception, non-Hispanic Blacks were less likely to desire to weigh less compared to non-Hispanic Whites (aOR=.5; 95% CI=.3,.9). Conclusions: Weight perception was associated with weight management behaviors, and this relationship varied by race/ethnicity. Weight perception may need to be addressed among overweight and obese individuals to increase appropriate weight management behaviors, particularly among minority communities. (Ethn Dis. 2010;20:244-250) C1 [Dorsey, Rashida R.; Eberhardt, Mark S.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Dorsey, RR (reprint author), Off Assistant Secretary Planning & Evaluat, 200 Independence Ave SW,Hubert Humphrey Bldg,Room, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM rrdorsey@gmail.com NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD SUM PY 2010 VL 20 IS 3 BP 244 EP 250 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 645WP UT WOS:000281497200006 PM 20828097 ER PT J AU Wen, XJ Balluz, L AF Wen, Xiao-Jun Balluz, Lina TI RACIAL DISPARITIES IN ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE AND PREVENTIVE SERVICES BETWEEN ASIAN AMERICANS/PACIFIC ISLANDERS AND NON-HISPANIC WHITES SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Health Disparity; Access to Health Care; Access to Preventive Services; Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders ID WOMEN; AMERICAN; INEQUALITIES; EDUCATION; BARRIERS AB Objective: Large-scale comparison and comprehensive estimate on the access to health care and preventive services between Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) and Non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) has not been available. This study examines the racial disparities in access to health care and preventive services between AAPIs and NHWs in the USA. Methods: Cross-sectional study of access to health care and preventive services among AAPIs compared to NHWs, using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2005 to 2007 among 908,154 respondents aged >= 18 years. Results: The percentages of AAPIs (aged >= 18 years) who reported having a personal healthcare provider, a Pap test (women aged >= 18), a fecal occult blood test (aged >= 50) a sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy (aged >= 50), a PSA test (men aged >= 40), blood cholesterol checked (aged >= 18 yrs), and pneumococcal vaccination (aged >= 65 yrs) were 76.7%, 83.1%, 27.5%, 47.5%, 35.5%, 74.2%, and 51.2%, respectively. Compared to NHWs, AAPIs were significantly less likely to have a personal health care provider (adjusted odds ratio: 0.69 [95% confidence interval: 0.63-0.75]), a Pap test (0.18 [0.13-0.28]), a fecal occult blood test (0.50 [0.39-0.63]), a sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy (0.64 [0.50-0.81]), a PSA test (0.35 [0.26-0.47]), blood cholesterol checked (0.71 [0.64-0.80]), and pneumococcal vaccination (0.52 [0.42-0.65]). Conclusion: This study suggests that disparities exist between AAPIs and NHWs in 1 of 4 selected health care access indicators and 6 of 8 selected preventive services. (Ethn Dis. 2010;20:290-295) C1 [Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav Surveillance Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wen, XJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tzw4@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD SUM PY 2010 VL 20 IS 3 BP 290 EP 295 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 645WP UT WOS:000281497200013 PM 20828104 ER PT J AU Aburto, NJ Ramirez-Zea, M Neufeld, LM Flores-Ayala, R AF Aburto, N. J. Ramirez-Zea, M. Neufeld, L. M. Flores-Ayala, R. TI The effect of nutritional supplementation on physical activity and exploratory behavior of Mexican infants aged 8-12 months SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE physical activity; exploratory behavior; infant; Mexico; nutrition science ID IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT; UNDERNOURISHED CHILDREN; ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION; JAMAICAN CHILDREN; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; PLAY-BEHAVIOR; ENERGY; INDONESIA AB Background/Objectives: Physical activity and exploration in infancy affect physical and cognitive development. Nutritional supplementation improves activity in severely malnourished infants, but the evidence in mild-to-moderately malnourished and nutritionally at-risk infants is equivocal. We tested the effect of multiple-micronutrient supplementation on physical activity and exploration in Mexican infants. Subjects/Methods: Using a quasi experimental design, we analyzed data from a supplementation study that lacked a placebo-control group. We compared infants between 8 and 12 months measured at baseline who had received no supplementation (comparison group, n = 78), with infants 8-12 months measured after 4 months of daily supplementation (treatment group, n = 109). The treatment consisted of three supplement types: micronutrient powder, syrup (each containing only micronutrients) and a milk-based, fortified-food supplement (FFS; containing micronutrients and macronutrients). We formed the micronutrient-only group (MM) by combining the micronutrient powder and syrup groups. We measured activity and exploration by direct observation and used cluster analysis to form and characterize activity and exploration clusters. We performed logistic regression with activity or exploration cluster as the outcome variable and treatment versus comparison and MM or FFS versus comparison as the predictor variables. Results: Treatment versus comparison increased the odds of being in the high activity (odds ratio (OR) = 2.35, P < 0.05) and high exploration (OR = 1.87, P < 0.05) cluster. MM increased the odds of being in the high activity (OR = 2.64, P < 0.05) cluster and FFS increased the odds (OR = 3.16, P < 0.05) of being in the high exploration cluster. Conclusions: Nutritional supplementation benefited activity and exploration in this sample of Mexican infants. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2010) 64, 644-651; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.52; published online 31 March 2010 C1 [Aburto, N. J.; Flores-Ayala, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aburto, N. J.; Neufeld, L. M.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Nutr & Hlth Res Ctr, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Ramirez-Zea, M.] Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Neufeld, L. M.] Micronutrient Initiat, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Aburto, NJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gdi9@cdc.gov FU Mexican Secretary of Social Development FX The Mexican Secretary of Social Development, represented by the Human Development Program, Oportunidades financed the data collection for this study as part of the Oportunidades impact evaluation. The design, analysis, interpretation of the findings and manuscript writing were the sole responsibility of the authors. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 64 IS 6 BP 644 EP 651 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2010.52 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 603RI UT WOS:000278225300012 PM 20354559 ER PT J AU Brown, MJ McWeeney, G Kim, R Tahirukaj, A Bulat, P Syla, S Savic, Z Amitai, Y Dignam, T Kaluski, DN AF Brown, Mary Jean McWeeney, Gerry Kim, Rokho Tahirukaj, Ardita Bulat, Petar Syla, Skender Savic, Zoran Amitai, Yona Dignam, Timothy Kaluski, Dorit Nitzan TI Lead poisoning among internally displaced Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian children in the United Nations-Administered Province of Kosovo SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE lead; childhood lead poisoning; lead mining and smelting; blood lead levels; elevated blood lead levels ID BONE LEAD; EXPOSURE; BLOOD; PREVENTION AB Background: This study assessed the association between lead poisoning prevention activities and blood lead levels (BLLs) among children living in lead-contaminated camps for internally displaced persons in the United Nations-Administered Province of Kosovo. Methods: We conducted a population-based study to examine the relationship among geometric mean BLLs in children (i) born before any lead poisoning prevention activities were instituted, (ii) born when specific interim interventions were instituted and (iii) born after relocation and medical therapy were available. The study population consisted of 145 of the 186 children born in the camps between December 1999 and July 2007. Results: Lower mean BLLs were found in children born following implementation of the interventions as compared with the children born before the interventions. However, this decrease in mean BLLs was attenuated in children born into families suspected of informal lead smelting. Conclusion: Despite lower BLLs following interventions, children living in these camps have BLLs that remain unacceptably high. Further efforts are urgently needed to control or eliminate lead exposure in this population. Continued blood lead monitoring of the population is also warranted. C1 [Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [McWeeney, Gerry; Kim, Rokho; Tahirukaj, Ardita; Syla, Skender; Dignam, Timothy; Kaluski, Dorit Nitzan] WHO, Reg Off Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bulat, Petar] Serbian Inst Occupat Hlth, Belgrade, Serbia. [Amitai, Yona] Minist Hlth, Dept Maternal Child & Adolescent Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Brown, MJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lead Poisoning Prevent Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS-F60, Atlanta, GA 30348 USA. EM mjb5@cdc.gov RI Bulat, Petar/J-2506-2012 OI Bulat, Petar/0000-0002-4311-8960 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1101-1262 J9 EUR J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Eur. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 20 IS 3 BP 288 EP 292 DI 10.1093/eurpub/ckp164 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 600LF UT WOS:000277986800014 PM 19897587 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Arduino, MJ Patel, PR AF Kallen, Alexander J. Arduino, Matthew J. Patel, Priti R. TI Preventing infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Review DE bloodstream infection; hemodialysis; hepatitis C; infection control ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; C VIRUS TRANSMISSION; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; BURKHOLDERIA-CEPACIA BACTEREMIA; UNITED-STATES; HEPATITIS-B; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; INTRANASAL MUPIROCIN; RANDOMIZED TRIAL AB Infections continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. While rates of all-cause hospitalization of prevalent end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis reported by the United States Renal Data System fell from 1993 to 2007, rates of hospitalization for infections rose by 26%. Developing a better understanding of the reasons for this rise and employing strategies to reverse it have become a priority for patients, providers and regulatory agencies in the USA. In addition, recent episodes of transmission of bloodborne hepatitis viruses in outpatient healthcare facilities, including hemodialysis centers, related to suboptimal infection control and injection safety practices, have raised concerns about patient safety. In this article, we review many of the current infection control challenges facing outpatient dialysis centers and discuss recommended infection control policies and practices aimed at combating these challenges. C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Arduino, Matthew J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM akallen@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X NR 94 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 8 IS 6 BP 643 EP 655 DI 10.1586/ERI.10.47 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 619DG UT WOS:000279408800010 PM 20521893 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Prosser, LA Asakawa, K Feeny, D AF Grosse, Scott D. Prosser, Lisa A. Asakawa, Keiko Feeny, David TI QALY weights for neurosensory impairments in pediatric economic evaluations: case studies and a critique SO EXPERT REVIEW OF PHARMACOECONOMICS & OUTCOMES RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE cost-effectiveness analysis; cost-utility analysis; immunizations; meningococcal vaccine; newborn screening; pneumococcal vaccine; quality-adjusted life years ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEALTH UTILITIES INDEX; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; STATE PREFERENCE SCORES; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; UNITED-STATES; INFANT VACCINATION AB The use of utility weights for the calculation of quality-adjusted life years is particularly problematic for pediatric health states. This article reviews variability in utility weights for intellectual disability and permanent hearing loss in economic evaluations of newborn screening and childhood immunizations. Utility weights for severe intellectual disability ranged from 0.06 to 0.74. Most studies either did not vary these utility weights in sensitivity analyses or assumed low variability; consequently, the robustness of cost-effectiveness estimates was not fully assessed. Two recently published catalogs of utility weights for pediatric health states also show wide divergences in estimates. More work is needed to establish measures of health utilities for childhood health states in order to allow for comparable assessments of pediatric interventions. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nat Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prosser, Lisa A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nat Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov NR 125 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1473-7167 J9 EXPERT REV PHARM OUT JI Expert Rev. Pharmacoecon. Outcomes Res. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 10 IS 3 BP 293 EP 308 DI 10.1586/ERP.10.24 PG 16 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 847XU UT WOS:000297009600015 PM 20545594 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM Schleiff, PL AF Mazurek, Jacek M. Schleiff, Patricia L. TI Physician Recognition of Work-related Asthma Among US Farm Operators SO FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; CARE PRACTICES; HISTORY; HEALTH; MEDICINE; AREA; DIAGNOSIS; EXPOSURE; PERCEPTIONS; PREVENTION AB Background and Objectives: The occupational history of every adult patient with asthma provides information critical to the proper diagnosis and effective prevention of work-related asthma. This study determined the proportion of farm operators that reported an asthma attack while doing farm work that required the use of an inhaler or other medical treatment but who had not been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that their asthma was related to work on the farm. Methods: Asthma and asthma attack prevalences were estimated using data on a nationally representative sample of 12,278 active farm operators who participated in the 2006 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey. Results: An estimated 4.9% of operators reported current asthma. Of these, an estimated 24.8% had been told that their asthma was related to work on the farm. Of those not so informed, 21.6% reported an asthma attack at work in the 12 months prior to the interview Conclusions: A large proportion of farm operators who had not been told that their asthma was related to work on the farm experienced an asthma attack that occurred while doing farm work. These results suggest the need for improving clinicians' occupational health practices and clinician-patient communication. C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop HG 900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM acq8@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TEACHERS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, STE 540, LEAWOOD, KS 66207 USA SN 0742-3225 J9 FAM MED JI Fam. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 42 IS 6 BP 408 EP 413 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 607NT UT WOS:000278511500009 PM 20526908 ER PT J AU Fang, H Welte, T Zheng, X Chang, GJJ Holbrook, MR Soong, L Wang, T AF Fang, Hao Welte, Thomas Zheng, Xin Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Holbrook, Michael R. Soong, Lynn Wang, Tian TI gamma delta T cells promote the maturation of dendritic cells during West Nile virus infection SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; dendritic cell; gamma delta T cell ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-3; ESCHERICHIA-COLI INFECTION; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; IN-VIVO; LETHAL ENCEPHALITIS; UP-REGULATION; RIG-I; INNATE; STIMULATION; RESPONSES AB gamma delta T cells are important for the early control of West Nile virus (WNV) dissemination. Here, we investigated the role of gamma delta T cells in the regulation of CD4+ T-cell response following a WNV challenge. Splenic dendritic cells (DCs) of WNV-infected gamma delta T-cell-deficient (TCR delta-/-) mice displayed lower levels of CD40, CD80, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and interleukin-12 (IL-12) production than those of wild-type mice. Naive DCs cocultured with WNV-infected gamma delta T cells showed enhanced levels of costimulatory molecules, MHC class II expression and IL-12 production. Further, coculture of CD4+ T cells from OT II transgenic mice with DCs of WNV-infected TCR delta-/- mice induced less interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-2 production than with those of wild-type controls. Viral antigens were detected in WNV-infected gamma delta T cells.WNV infection or toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist treatment of gamma delta T cells induced the production of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6, which are known to promote DC maturation. Nevertheless, the levels of TLRs 2, 3, 4 and 7 expression of WNV-infected gamma delta T cells were not different from those of noninfected cells. Overall, these data suggest that WNV-induced gamma delta T-cell activation promotes DC maturation and initiates CD4+ T-cell priming. C1 [Fang, Hao; Welte, Thomas; Soong, Lynn; Wang, Tian] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Fang, Hao; Welte, Thomas; Holbrook, Michael R.; Soong, Lynn; Wang, Tian] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Zheng, Xin] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Wang, T (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Keiller 3-118B, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM ti1wang@utmb.edu FU NIH/NIAID [U54 AI-057156, R01AI043003, R01AI072060] FX We thank Dr Anne Avery for helpful discussions and Diego Vargas-Inchaustegui, Sara Woodson, Yingwei Wang, Terry Juelich and Alexander Freiberg for kind help in setting up the in vitro cell culture for WNV infection and fluorescence microscopy studies. This work was supported by grants from NIH/NIAID Western Regional Center of Excellence award U54 AI-057156 (to M.R.H), R01AI043003 (to L.S.) and R01AI072060 (to T.W.). NR 47 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 59 IS 1 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00663.x PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 591RU UT WOS:000277321600008 PM 20337718 ER PT J AU Jefferds, MED Ogange, L Owuor, M Cruz, K Person, B Obure, A Suchdev, PS Ruth, LJ AF Jefferds, Maria Elena D. Ogange, Lorraine Owuor, Mercy Cruz, Kari Person, Bobbie Obure, Alfredo Suchdev, Parminder S. Ruth, Laird J. TI Formative research exploring acceptability, utilization, and promotion in order to develop a micronutrient powder (Sprinkles) intervention among Luo families in western Kenya SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Formative research; Kenya; micronutrient deficiency; multiple micronutrient powders (MNP); qualitative research; Sprinkles; acceptability; utilization; promotion ID MICROENCAPSULATED FERROUS FUMARATE; HOME-FORTIFICATION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; IRON STATUS; ANEMIA; FOODS; ZINC AB Background. There is a lack of peer-reviewed literature describing in detail the formative research to develop Sprinkles interventions. Objective. To describe community members' reactions to and experiences using Sprinkles, with an emphasis on acceptability, utilization, and promotion. Methods. Fourteen initial focus group discussions on Sprinkles and a 25-family home study were conducted. For the home study, each child 6 to 59 months of age in the household received 30 sachets (1 per day). The initial I 4 focus group discussions included mothers, grandmothers, vendors, women who purchased from vendors, and adults in the general population. Home study families were recruited from participants in the initial 14 focus group discussions who had at least one child 6 to 59 months of age. Results. Sprinkles were highly acceptable to adults and most children; some children thought Sprinkles were sugar. Most home study families prepared and used Sprinkles correctly. All families reported positive effects, particularly increased appetite, and recommended Sprinkles; none experienced major problems. Potential barriers identified were lack of knowledge of and experience with Sprinkles, availability of Sprinkles, and cost. Promotional messages targeted to mothers, fathers, all child-care providers, and doctors focused on the positive health effects of Sprinkles. Conclusions. Issues related to Sprinkles preparation, use, and barriers required attention before implementation. Locally appropriate visual and written instructions were developed for dissemination. Intervention training sessions and promotions were tailored to answer frequently asked questions, increase knowledge of Sprinkles, and provide tangible evidence of health benefits. Information needs and perceptions changed quickly after use of Sprinkles. Existing levels of Sprinkles awareness and knowledge should be considered when designing interventions. C1 [Jefferds, Maria Elena D.; Cruz, Kari; Person, Bobbie; Suchdev, Parminder S.; Ruth, Laird J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suchdev, Parminder S.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ogange, Lorraine; Owuor, Mercy] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Obure, Alfredo] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Jefferds, MED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Micronutrient Malnutr Prevent & Control Progr, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjefferds@cdc.gov RI Suchdev, Parmi/K-4851-2012 FU Safe Water and AIDS Project; CDC-Kenya Medical Research Institute; Sprinkles Global Health Initiative; CDC Coordinating Office of Global Health; Bureau of Global Health of the US Agency for International Development; Bureau of Oceans, Environment, and Science of the US Department of State; Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition FX The study was funded by the Safe Water and AIDS Project; the CDC-Kenya Medical Research Institute Cooperative Agreement; the Sprinkles Global Health Initiative; the CDC Coordinating Office of Global Health; the Bureau of Global Health of the US Agency for International Development; the Bureau of Oceans, Environment, and Science of the US Department of State; and the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition. We thank all the study participants; Alie Eleveld and the staff of the Safe Water and AIDS Project; and the Kenya Medical Research Institute and CDC offices based in Kenya. We are grateful to the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education Project study team: Vincent Were, Cliff Ochieng, Martha Gembo, Sitnah Faith, Stephen Kola, Ibrahim Sadumah, Ronald Otieno, Maurice Owiti, Aloyce O. Rakinyo, Samson Oyaro, Rosebella Ouda, Rosemary Owuor, Erick J. Ochieng, Pamela Mola, Peter Ochieng, Maureen Akinyi, Rebecca Opiyo, Jairus O. Owino, Zacchaeus Nandi, Gregory M. Kaudo, Jared Odhiambo, Christine Seje, Paul Okuta, Jared Oremo, Jacinter Muga, Nancy Okutta, Rob Quick, Ben Nygren, Mina! Patel, and Patricia Juliao. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 2 SU S BP S179 EP S185 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 624WQ UT WOS:000279853200010 PM 20715602 ER PT J AU Suchdev, PS Ruth, L Obure, A Were, V Ochieng, C Ogange, L Owuor, M Ngure, F Quick, R Juliao, P Jung, C Teates, K Cruz, K Jefferds, MED AF Suchdev, Parminder S. Ruth, Laird Obure, Alfredo Were, Vincent Ochieng, Cliff Ogange, Lorraine Owuor, Mercy Ngure, Frances Quick, Robert Juliao, Patricia Jung, Christina Teates, Kathryn Cruz, Kari Jefferds, Maria Elena D. TI Monitoring the marketing, distribution, and use of Sprinkles micronutrient powders in rural western Kenya SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Delivery strategies; home fortification; Kenya; multiple micronutrient powders; program monitoring; Sprinkles ID COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTION; FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; HOME-FORTIFICATION; NUTRITION PROGRAM; REPRODUCTIVE AGE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; IRON; HEALTH; ANEMIA; CONTRACEPTIVES AB Background. In 2007, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention partnered with local Kenyan institutions to implement the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education Project, an effectiveness study that used social marketing and a community-based distribution program to promote the sale of Sprinkles and other health products. Objective. To describe monitoring of wholesale sales, household demand, promotional strategies, and perceived factors influencing Sprinkles sales among vendors. Methods. Ongoing quantitative and qualitative monitoring of Sprinkles sales began in May 2007 in 30 intervention villages. Data sources included baseline and follow-up cross-sectional surveys; office records of Sprinkles sales to vendors; biweekly household monitoring of Sprinkles use; and qualitative data collection, including vendor focus groups and key informant interviews. Results. A total of 550 children aged 6 to 35 months were enrolled at baseline, and 451 were available at 12-month follow-up. During this period, nearly 160,000 sachets were sold wholesale to vendors, with variability in sales influenced by the social, political, and economic context. Vendors living closer to the wholesale office purchased more Sprinkles, so a second office was opened closer to remote vendors. On average, 33% of households purchased Sprinkles during household monitoring visits. Training sessions and community launches were important for community support and raising awareness about Sprinkles. Vendor incentives motivated vendors to sell Sprinkles, and consumer incentives promoted purchases. Conclusions. Sprinkles program monitoring in Kenya was critically important for understanding sales and distribution trends and vendor perceptions. Understanding these trends led to strategic changes to the intervention over time. C1 [Suchdev, Parminder S.; Ruth, Laird; Cruz, Kari; Jefferds, Maria Elena D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Suchdev, Parminder S.; Jung, Christina] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Obure, Alfredo; Were, Vincent; Ogange, Lorraine; Owuor, Mercy] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Obure, Alfredo; Were, Vincent; Ochieng, Cliff; Ogange, Lorraine; Owuor, Mercy] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. [Ngure, Frances] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Quick, Robert; Juliao, Patricia; Teates, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Suchdev, PS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM psuchdev@cdc.gov RI Suchdev, Parmi/K-4851-2012 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 2 SU S BP S168 EP S178 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 624WQ UT WOS:000279853200009 PM 20715601 ER PT J AU Gerner-Smidt, P Whichard, JM AF Gerner-Smidt, Peter Whichard, Jean M. TI Foodborne Disease Trends and Reports SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; SALMONELLA C1 [Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gerner-Smidt, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 BP 609 EP 611 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.9998 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 605BJ UT WOS:000278322000001 PM 20518696 ER PT J AU Evans, JP Burke, W Khoury, M AF Evans, James P. Burke, Wylie Khoury, Muin TI The rules remain the same for genomic medicine The case against "reverse genetic exceptionalism" SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH C1 [Evans, James P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Burke, Wylie] Univ Washington, Dept Bioeth & Humanities, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Khoury, Muin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Evans, JP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, 5095 Genet Med Bldg,Campus Box 7264, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jpevans@med.unc.edu NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 12 IS 6 BP 342 EP 343 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181deb308 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 609EO UT WOS:000278638400003 PM 20556868 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, IC Parra, DC Hoehner, CM Soares, J Torres, A Pratt, M Legetic, B Malta, DC Matsudo, V Ramos, LR Simoes, EJ Brownson, RC AF Ribeiro, Isabela C. Parra, Diana C. Hoehner, Christine M. Soares, Jesus Torres, Andrea Pratt, Michael Legetic, Branka Malta, Deborah C. Matsudo, Victor Ramos, Luiz R. Simoes, Eduardo J. Brownson, Ross C. TI School-based physical education programs: evidence-based physical activity interventions for youth in Latin America SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Latin America; physical activity; physical education; school-based intervention; systematic review; youth AB This article focuses on results of the systematic review from the Guide for Useful Interventions for Activity in Latin America project related to school-based physical education ( PE) programs in Latin America. The aims of the article are to describe five school-based PE programs from Latin America, discuss implications for effective school-based PE recommendations, propose approaches for implementing these interventions, and identify gaps in the research literature related to physical activity promotion in Latin American youth. Following the US Community Guide systematic review process, five school-based PE intervention studies with sufficient quality of design, execution and detail of intervention and outcomes were selected for full abstraction. One study was conducted in Brazil, two studies were conducted in Chile and two studies were conducted on the US/Mexico border. While studies presented assorted outcomes, methods and duration of interventions, there were consistent positive increases in physical activity levels for all outcomes measured during PE classes, endurance and active transportation to school in all three randomized studies. Except for one cohort from one study, the non-randomized studies showed positive intervention effects for moderate and vigorous physical activity levels during PE classes. The core elements of these five interventions included capacity building and staff training (PE specialists and/or classroom teachers); changes in the PE curricula; provision of equipment and materials; and adjustment of the interventions to specific target populations. In order to translate the strong evidence for school-based PE into practice, systematic attention to policy and implementation issues is required. (Global Health Promotion, 2010; 17(2): pp. 05-15) C1 [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, CCBS, Curso Nutr, BR-80215901 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Parra, Diana C.; Hoehner, Christine M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Hoehner, Christine M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Soares, Jesus; Torres, Andrea; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Legetic, Branka] World Hlth Org, Pan Amer Hlth Org Reg Off, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Malta, Deborah C.] Brazil Minist Hlth SVS CGDANT, Div Situat Anal & Prevent Nontransmissible Dis, BR-70058900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Matsudo, Victor] Lab Aptidao Fis Sao Caetano do Sul, Ctr Estudos, BR-09520320 Sao Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil. [Ramos, Luiz R.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Prevent Med, BR-04038034 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Prevent Res Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. RP Ribeiro, IC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ICRibeiro@cdc.gov RI Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012; Matsudo, Victor/E-8122-2013; OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734; Matsudo, Victor/0000-0003-3552-486X; Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000060, U48/DP000060-01] NR 31 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 2 BP 5 EP 15 DI 10.1177/1757975910365231 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V24TA UT WOS:000208431500002 PM 20587626 ER PT J AU Ramadan, J Vuori, I Lankenau, B Schmid, T Pratt, M AF Ramadan, Jasem Vuori, Ilkka Lankenau, Becky Schmid, Tom Pratt, Michael TI Developing a national physical activity plan: the Kuwait example SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Editorial Material DE health promotion; non-communicable diseases; physical activity plan; urbanization AB A rapid increase in economic well-being and urbanization in Kuwait have been accompanied by profound changes in lifestyle, including low levels of physical activity in all population groups. These changes have contributed to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity and to the escalation of the non-communicable disease rates, particularly coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension and diabetes. The evolution of physical activity promotion, internationally, and a series of related meetings in Kuwait and neighboring countries, have started to generate an awareness among health authorities of the importance of physical activity in health promotion and disease prevention. A National Physical Activity Committee has been formed to design and implement a National Physical Activity Plan, which could also serve as a model for other countries. The authors describe the background and principles behind the development of the National Plan, summarize a template based upon the Kuwait experience and share the lessons learned from these efforts. (Global Health Promotion, 2010; 17(2): pp. 52-57) C1 [Ramadan, Jasem] Kuwait Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fac Med, Phys Act & Exercise Physiol Unit,Dept Physiol, Safat 13110, Kuwait. [Vuori, Ilkka] UKK Inst Hlth Promot Res, Tampere, Finland. [Lankenau, Becky] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC WHO Collaborating Ctr Phys Act & Hlth, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ramadan, J (reprint author), Kuwait Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fac Med, Phys Act & Exercise Physiol Unit,Dept Physiol, POB 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait. EM ramadan@hsc.edu.kw NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 17 IS 2 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.1177/1757975910365230 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V24TA UT WOS:000208431500008 PM 20587632 ER PT J AU Mueller, T Gavin, L Oman, R Vesely, S Aspy, C Tolma, E Rodine, S AF Mueller, Trisha Gavin, Lorrie Oman, Roy Vesely, Sara Aspy, Cheryl Tolma, Eleni Rodine, Sharon TI Youth Assets and Sexual Risk Behavior: Differences Between Male and Female Adolescents SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE adolescents; youth assets; sexual behavior; sex differences ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ATHLETIC PARTICIPATION; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; AMERICAN YOUTH; COMMUNICATION; INTERVENTION; FRAMEWORK; GENDER AB Youth internal assets and external resources are protective factors that can help youth avoid potentially harmful behaviors. This study investigates how the relationship between youth assets or resources and two sexual risk behaviors (ever had sex and birth control use) varied by gender. Data were collected through in-home interviews from parent-adolescent dyads, including 1,219 females and 1,116 males. Important differences exist between male and female adolescents. Females with the nonparental role models or the family communication resource were more likely to report never having had sexual intercourse than were females without the resources. Among males, the aspirations for the future and responsible choices assets were associated with never having had sexual intercourse. Males and females had two assets or resources in common that were protective of never having had sex: peer role models and use of time (religion). Considering which youth assets and resources are more likely to positively influence sexual behaviors of males and females may be important when planning prevention programs with youth. C1 [Mueller, Trisha; Gavin, Lorrie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Oman, Roy; Vesely, Sara; Aspy, Cheryl; Tolma, Eleni] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Rodine, Sharon] Oklahoma Inst Child Advocacy, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Mueller, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tmueller@cdc.gov OI Vesely, Sara/0000-0003-3448-0156 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [5 U01 DP000132]; PHS HHS [U36/CCU300430] NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 3 BP 343 EP 356 DI 10.1177/1090198109344689 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 600GK UT WOS:000277972900003 PM 19887626 ER PT J AU Boyle-Holmes, T Grost, L Russell, L Laris, BA Robin, L Haller, E Potter, S Lee, S AF Boyle-Holmes, Trina Grost, Lisa Russell, Lisa Laris, B. A. Robin, Leah Haller, Elizabeth Potter, Susan Lee, Sarah TI Promoting Elementary Physical Education: Results of a School-Based Evaluation Study SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE physical education and training; motor skills; school-based program; program evaluation ID FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS; SELF-REPORT; CHILDREN; INTERVENTION; ADOLESCENTS; HEALTH AB Using a quasiexperimental design, the authors examine whether fourth-and fifth-grade students exposed to a developmental physical education (PE) curriculum, Michigan's Exemplary Physical Education Curriculum (EPEC), demonstrated stronger motor skill-specific self-efficacy and perceptions of physical activity competence, physical activity levels, motor skills, and physical fitness than did students exposed to existing PE curricula. The authors conducted a multilevel regression analysis with data from 1,464 students in the fourth and fifth grades. Data were collected using a student survey, an activity checklist, and motor and fitness assessments. Compared to students receiving standard PE, students exposed to EPEC showed significantly stronger results in motor skills but not fitness outcomes. The authors found significant positive intervention effects on indicators of motor skill self-efficacy and physical activity levels among the fourth-grade cohort. EPEC was more effective than standard PE curricula at improving motor skill performance (fourth-and fifth-grade cohorts) and at increasing self-reported motor skill-specific self-efficacy and physical activity (fourth-grade cohort). C1 [Russell, Lisa; Laris, B. A.; Potter, Susan] ETR Associates, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. [Grost, Lisa] Michigan Dept Publ Hlth, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. [Boyle-Holmes, Trina] Michigan Dept Educ, Lansing, MI USA. [Robin, Leah; Haller, Elizabeth; Lee, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Russell, L (reprint author), ETR Associates, 4 Carbonero Way, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. EM lisar@etr.org FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00800] NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 3 BP 377 EP 389 DI 10.1177/1090198109343895 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 600GK UT WOS:000277972900005 PM 19749086 ER PT J AU Flores, AL Prue, CE Panissidi, P AF Flores, Alina L. Prue, Christine E. Panissidi, Paula TI Don't forget the distributor! The importance of field testing draft educational materials with key gatekeepers before production and dissemination SO HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE educational materials; folic acid; gatekeepers; neural tube defects; Spanish-speaking Latinas ID FOLIC-ACID; RACE/ETHNICITY; PREVALENCE AB Objective: This article presents the results of testing draft folic acid educational materials with key gatekeepers, leading to the development of a Spanish-language print advertisement, poster, and radio public service announcement (PSA) aimed at promoting folic acid consumption among 18- to 25-year-old young Latina adults, as well as a Spanish-language print advertisement, poster, brochure, and radio PSA for 26- to 34-year-old Latina mothers. Design: Individual in-person interviews yielded both qualitative and quantitative data. Method: In-person interviews with key gatekeepers who work closely with Spanish-speaking Latinas. Setting: Interviews were conducted in Miami, Florida; Chicago, Illionis; Los Angeles, California; New York, New York; Denver, Colorado; and San Antonio, Texas, USA. Results: Overall, the gatekeepers' ratings of the materials were high. Important concerns that emerged helped guide changes that were made to the materials to ultimately enhance their reach and effectiveness. Conclusion: Testing draft educational materials with key gatekeepers who work closely with Spanish-speaking Latinas before final development and dissemination is a critical component of an educational outreach effort. Incorporating feedback from these professionals can help enhance the quality of the end product; such feedback can also help researchers assess whether and how the materials will be disseminated. C1 [Flores, Alina L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Flores, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ail5@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0017-8969 J9 HEALTH EDUC J JI Health Educ. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 69 IS 2 BP 164 EP 174 DI 10.1177/0017896910366787 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 593OC UT WOS:000277465800003 ER PT J AU Mendiola, J Jorgensen, N Andersson, AM Calafat, AM Redmon, JB Drobnis, EZ Wang, C Sparks, A Thurston, SW Liu, F Swan, SH AF Mendiola, J. Jorgensen, N. Andersson, A. M. Calafat, A. M. Redmon, J. B. Drobnis, E. Z. Wang, C. Sparks, A. Thurston, S. W. Liu, F. Swan, S. H. TI Are environmental levels of bisphenol A associated with reproductive function in fertile men? SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of ESHRE CY JUN 27-30, 2010 CL Rome, ITALY C1 [Mendiola, J.; Liu, F.; Swan, S. H.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Jorgensen, N.; Andersson, A. M.] Univ Copenhagen, Rigshosp, Univ Dept Growth & Reprod, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Calafat, A. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redmon, J. B.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Redmon, J. B.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Urol Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Drobnis, E. Z.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Columbia, MO USA. [Wang, C.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Wang, C.] Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, Torrance, CA USA. [Sparks, A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Thurston, S. W.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY USA. RI Jorgensen, Niels/A-8148-2012; Andersson, Anna-Maria/F-5842-2013 OI Jorgensen, Niels/0000-0003-4827-0838; Andersson, Anna-Maria/0000-0002-7300-1659 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 25 SU 1 BP I121 EP I121 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 625DU UT WOS:000279875400290 ER PT J AU Ellingson, K McDonald, C AF Ellingson, Katherine McDonald, Clifford TI Reexamining Methods and Messaging for Hand Hygiene in the Era of Increasing Clostridium difficile Colonization and Infection SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARE; CONTAMINATION; TRANSMISSION; DISEASE; HEALTH; RUB C1 [Ellingson, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ellingson, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kellingson@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 6 BP 571 EP 573 DI 10.1086/652773 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 590EX UT WOS:000277208400002 PM 20429660 ER PT J AU Mermel, LA Eells, SJ Acharya, MK Cartony, JM Dacus, D Fadem, S Gay, EA Gordon, S Lonks, JR Perl, TM McDougal, LK McGowan, JE Maxey, G Morse, D Tenover, FC AF Mermel, L. A. Eells, S. J. Acharya, M. K. Cartony, J. M. Dacus, D. Fadem, S. Gay, E. A. Gordon, S. Lonks, J. R. Perl, T. M. McDougal, L. K. McGowan, J. E. Maxey, G. Morse, D. Tenover, F. C. TI Quantitative Analysis and Molecular Fingerprinting of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in Different Patient Populations: A Prospective, Multicenter Study SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; CARRIAGE; RISK; BACTEREMIA; CARRIERS; PREVALENCE; STRAINS AB OBJECTIVES. To better understand the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization or infection in different patient populations, to perform quantitative analysis of MRSA in nasal cultures, and to characterize strains using molecular fingerprinting. DESIGN. Prospective, multicenter study. SETTING. Eleven different inpatient and outpatient healthcare facilities. PARTICIPANTS. MRSA-positive inpatients identified in an active surveillance program; inpatients and outpatients receiving hemodialysis; inpatients and outpatients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; patients requiring cardiac surgery; and elderly patients requiring long-term care. METHODS. Nasal swab samples were obtained from January 23, 2006, through July 27, 2007; MRSA strains were quantified and characterized by molecular fingerprinting. RESULTS. A total of 444 nares swab specimens yielded MRSA (geometric mean quantity, 794 CFU per swab; range, 3-15,000,000 CFU per swab). MRSA prevalence was 20% for elderly residents of long-term care facilities (25 of 125 residents), 16% for HIV-infected outpatients (78 of 494 outpatients), 15% for outpatients receiving hemodialysis (31 of 208 outpatients), 14% for inpatients receiving hemodialysis (86 of 623 inpatients), 3% for HIV-infected inpatients (5 of 161 inpatients), and 3% for inpatients requiring cardiac surgery (6 of 199 inpatients). The highest geometric mean quantity of MRSA was for inpatients requiring cardiac surgery (11,500 CFU per swab). An association was found between HIV infection and colonization with the USA300 or USA500 strain of MRSA (P <= .001). The Brazilian clone was found for the first time in the United States. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns for 11 isolates were not compatible with known USA types or clones. CONCLUSION. Nasal swab specimens positive for MRSA had a geometric mean quantity of 794 CFU per swab, with great diversity in the quantity of MRSA at this anatomic site. Outpatient populations at high risk for MRSA carriage were elderly residents of long-term care facilities, HIV-infected outpatients, and outpatients receiving hemodialysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2010; 31(6): 592-597 C1 [Mermel, L. A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Mermel, L. A.; Lonks, J. R.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Lonks, J. R.] Miriam Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Acharya, M. K.; Fadem, S.] Outcomes Res Int, Hudson, NY USA. [Dacus, D.] Life Care Home Hlth Serv, Delray Beach, FL USA. [Gordon, S.] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Perl, T. M.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Cartony, J. M.; Maxey, G.; Morse, D.] 3M Infect Prevent, St Paul, MN USA. [Eells, S. J.; Gay, E. A.; McGowan, J. E.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McDougal, L. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tenover, F. C.] Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA USA. RP Mermel, LA (reprint author), Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Infect Dis, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM lmermel@lifespan.org RI mcgowan jr, john/G-5404-2011 FU 3M Healthcare; AstraZeneca; Elan; Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development; Pfizer FX Financial support. This study was funded by 3M Healthcare and involved Phase 5 of Project Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (Project ICARE), which was supported in part by unrestricted research grants to the Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University by AstraZeneca, Elan, Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Pfizer, and 3M Healthcare. NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 31 IS 6 BP 592 EP 597 DI 10.1086/652778 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 590EX UT WOS:000277208400006 PM 20402589 ER PT J AU Sleet, DA Pollack, K Rivara, F Frattaroli, S Peek-Asa, C AF Sleet, David A. Pollack, Keshia Rivara, Fred Frattaroli, Shannon Peek-Asa, Corinne TI It wouldn't hurt to walk: promoting pedestrian injury research SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY C1 [Sleet, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pollack, Keshia; Frattaroli, Shannon] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rivara, Fred] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Harborview Injury Prevent & Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peek-Asa, Corinne] Univ Iowa, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Injury Prevent Res Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Mailstop F62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dds6@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 3 BP 211 EP 212 DI 10.1136/ip.2010.027821 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 613RP UT WOS:000278998100014 PM 20570990 ER PT J AU Hanley, KW Petersen, MR Cheever, KL Luo, L AF Hanley, Kevin William Petersen, Martin R. Cheever, Kenneth L. Luo, Lian TI Bromide and N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine in urine from workers exposed to 1-bromopropane solvents from vapor degreasing or adhesive manufacturing SO INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE 1-Bromopropane; CAS No. 106-94-5; Vapor degreasing; Urine; Bromide; N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine ID MERCAPTURIC ACIDS; ELECTROPHILIC CHEMICALS; S-PROPYLCYSTEINE; SPRAY ADHESIVES; TOXIC AGENTS; BIOMARKERS; METABOLISM; 2-BROMOPROPANE; RATS AB 1-Bromopropane (1-BP) is an alternative for ozone depleting and other solvents; it is used in aerosol products, adhesives, and cleaning solvents. There is concern that 1-BP may be a reproductive and neurological toxicant. Mercapturic acid conjugates are excreted in urine from 1-BP metabolism involving debromination. The main objectives were to evaluate urinary bromide [Br((-))] and N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-l-cysteine (AcPrCys) for assessing 1-BP exposure in workers with low exposure. Workers' 1-BP exposures were measured in their breathing zones with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection via NIOSH 1025. Urine specimens were obtained over a 48-h period at five facilities using vapor degreasers and one adhesive manufacturer. All of the workers' urine was collected into composite samples and analyzed separately representing daily time intervals: at work, after work but before bedtime, and upon awakening. Urinary metabolites were analyzed using intra-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy for Br((-)), and high-performance liquid chromatography and electro-spray ionization mass spectroscopy for AcPrCys. Time-weighted average (TWA) geometric mean (GM) breathing zone concentrations of 1-BP at vapor degreasing facilities were 2.6 and 0.31 ppm, respectively, for workers near degreasers and those remote from degreasers. Urine metabolites showed the same trend as TWA exposures: higher levels were observed for workers near degreasers (48-h GM Br((-)) = 8.9 vs. 3.7; 48-h GM AcPrCys = 1.3 vs. 0.12, respectively). Associations of Br((-)) and AcPrCys concentrations with 1-BP TWA were statistically significant near degreasers (p < 0.01). This study shows that urinary Br((-)) and AcPrCys are useful biomarkers of workers' 1-BP exposures using analyses sensitive enough to measure low exposure jobs. C1 [Hanley, Kevin William; Petersen, Martin R.; Cheever, Kenneth L.; Luo, Lian] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hanley, KW (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM KHanley@cdc.gov FU National Toxicology Program (NTP); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was funded by an interagency agreement between the National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study was approved by and was conducted in accordance with review of the CDC-NIOSH Human Subjects Review Board (01-DSHEFS-05-XP), and the workers provided their voluntary written consent prior to their participation in the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Belinda Johnson; Kevin Dunn; Brian Curwin (NIOSH); Jason Potter; Jason Forbes; and Justin Byrd (IHI Environmental, Inc.) for field assistance; Kate Marlowe (NIOSH) for laboratory assistance; Data-Chem Laboratories for analytical services; Wayne Sanderson PhD (University of Iowa) for consultation and protocol review; and Elizabeth Whelan, PhD; Cheryl Estill, MS, PE; Mark Toraason, PhD; Scott Dotson, PhD (NIOSH); Jeffrey Nemhauser, MD (NCEH, CDC) for manuscript review prior to submission to the journal. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of neither NIOSH nor NTP-NIEHS. This manuscript has not been formally disseminated by NIOSH or NTP-NIEHS, and it does not represent and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. Mention of any company name or product does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH or NTP-NIEHS. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-0131 J9 INT ARCH OCC ENV HEA JI Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 83 IS 5 BP 571 EP 584 DI 10.1007/s00420-010-0524-4 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 595VM UT WOS:000277641500010 PM 20229238 ER PT J AU Narayanan, ML Schraer, CD Bulkow, LR Koller, KR Asay, E Mayer, AM Raymer, TW AF Narayanan, Meera L. Schraer, Cynthia D. Bulkow, Lisa R. Koller, Kathryn R. Asay, Elvin Mayer, Ann Marie Raymer, Terry W. TI Diabetes prevalence, incidence, complications and mortality among Alaska Native people 1985-2006 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Alaska Native; diabetes; prevalence; incidence; amputations; renal replacement; mortality ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATION; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; AMERICAN-INDIANS; PIMA-INDIANS; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SIBERIA PROJECT; KIDNEY-DISEASE; YUPIK ESKIMOS AB Objectives. To examine trends in diabetes prevalence, incidence, complications and mortality between 1985 and 2006 among Alaska Native people. Study design. We used data from the population-based Alaska Native Diabetes Registry, which includes all people who receive care in the Alaska Tribal Health System. Methods. We compared the periods of 1986-1990 and 2002-2006 for diabetes-related amputations, renal replacement and mortality using Poisson regression. Complications and mortality data were examined for trends using Poisson regression. Survival analyses for those diagnosed since 31 December 1985 were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results. Age-adjusted diabetes prevalence increased from 17.3 in 1985 to 47.6/1,000 in 2006. The number of Alaska Native people living in Alaska with diabetes increased from 610 in 1985 to 3,386 in 2006. Diabetes incidence rates have also increased. Comparing age-adjusted rates for the 5-year periods 1986-1990 and 2002-2006, amputations decreased from 5.3 to 2.6/1,000, renal replacement decreased from 3.3 to 1.2/1,000 and mortality decreased from 41.7 to 33.2/1,000. Yearly analyses showed a downward trend for amputations, renal replacement and mortality rates. Survival analyses showed a significantly higher hazard ratio for any amputations, major amputations and renal replacement for the earlier time period compared to the most recent time period. Conclusions. An increase in risk factors, awareness, funding and case-finding may be contributing to the increase in prevalence and incidence of diagnosed diabetes. While diabetes prevalence and incidence are increasing among Alaska Native people, our results suggest that even in remote, rural areas, complications and mortality can be reduced. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2010; 69(3):236-252) C1 [Narayanan, Meera L.; Schraer, Cynthia D.; Koller, Kathryn R.; Asay, Elvin; Mayer, Ann Marie; Raymer, Terry W.] Alaska Native Diabet Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bulkow, Lisa R.] CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Narayanan, ML (reprint author), Alaska Native Med Ctr Diabet Program ANC DIA, 4315 Diplomacy Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM mnarayanan@anthc.org NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH PUBL PI OULU PA AAPISTIE1, OULU, FIN-90220, FINLAND SN 1239-9736 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 69 IS 3 BP 236 EP 252 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 627QM UT WOS:000280055800005 PM 20501061 ER PT J AU Parkinson, AJ AF Parkinson, Alan J. TI Improving human health in the Arctic: the expanding role of the Arctic Council's Sustainable Development Working Group SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Arctic; human health; Arctic Council ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES AB Human health is now a critical component of the Arctic Council's sustainable development program. The newly formed Arctic Human Health Expert Group (AHHEG), a subsidiary body of experts within the Sustainable Development Working Group (SDWG), will focus on identifying human health priorities that will improve the health of Arctic residents; engage experts in the field to evaluate possible actions; strengthen co-operation and collaboration between Arctic Council working groups and other Arctic co-operatives; and promote the translation of research into actions that will improve the health of Arctic peoples. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2010; 69(3):304-313) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Parkinson, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ajp1@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH PUBL PI OULU PA AAPISTIE1, OULU, FIN-90220, FINLAND SN 1239-9736 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 69 IS 3 BP 304 EP 313 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 627QM UT WOS:000280055800010 PM 20501060 ER PT J AU Zohrabian, A Philipson, TJ AF Zohrabian, Armineh Philipson, Tomas J. TI External Costs of Risky Health Behaviors Associated with Leading Actual Causes of Death in the US: A Review of the Evidence and Implications for Future Research SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE costs; smoking; environmental tobacco smoke; alcohol; excessive drinking; obesity; poor diet; physical inactivity ID UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ALCOHOL; SMOKING; OBESITY; POLICY; PREVENTION; TAXATION; TOBACCO; TAXES AB This paper reviews the evidence on external costs of risky behaviors in the U.S. and provides a framework for estimating them. External costs arise when a person does not bear all the costs of his or her behavior. They provide one of the strongest rationales for government interventions. Although the earlier estimates of external costs no longer have policy relevance, they demonstrated that the existence of external costs was an empirical question. We recommend that the estimates of external costs be updated as insurance structures, environments, and knowledge about these behaviors change. The general aspects of external costs may apply to countries other than the U.S. after taking into account differences in institutional, policy and epidemiological characteristics. C1 [Zohrabian, Armineh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Philipson, Tomas J.] Univ Chicago, Harris Sch Publ Policy Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Zohrabian, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, CDC, 3005 Chamblee Tucker Rd,MS-K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM arminehz@gmail.com; t-philipson@uchicago.edu NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2460 EP 2472 DI 10.3390/ijerph7062460 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 616GC UT WOS:000279196000003 PM 20644683 ER PT J AU Woodruff, TJ Parker, JD Adams, K Bell, ML Gehring, U Glinianaia, S Ha, EH Jalaludin, B Slama, R AF Woodruff, Tracey J. Parker, Jennifer D. Adams, Kate Bell, Michelle L. Gehring, Ulrike Glinianaia, Svetlana Ha, Eun-Hee Jalaludin, Bin Slama, Remy TI International Collaboration on Air Pollution and Pregnancy Outcomes (ICAPPO) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE air pollution; pregnancy outcomes; low birthweight; preterm birth; particulate matter; ozone; carbon monoxide ID EUROPEAN BIRTH COHORT; OF-THE-LITERATURE; ATOPIC DISEASES; FETAL ORIGINS; HEALTH; ASTHMA AB Reviews find a likely adverse effect of air pollution on perinatal outcomes, but variation of findings hinders the ability to incorporate the research into policy. The International Collaboration on Air Pollution and Pregnancy Outcomes (ICAPPO) was formed to better understand relationships between air pollution and adverse birth outcomes through standardized parallel analyses in datasets from different countries. A planning group with 10 members from 6 countries was formed to coordinate the project. Collaboration participants have datasets with air pollution values and birth outcomes. Eighteen research groups with data for approximately 20 locations in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America are participating, with most participating in an initial pilot study. Datasets generally cover the 1990s. Number of births is generally in the hundreds of thousands, but ranges from around 1,000 to about one million. Almost all participants have some measure of particulate matter, and most have ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Strong enthusiasm for participating and a geographically-diverse range of participants should lead to understanding uncertainties about the role of air pollution in perinatal outcomes and provide decision-makers with better tools to account for pregnancy outcomes in air pollution policies. C1 [Woodruff, Tracey J.] UCSF, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Parker, Jennifer D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Adams, Kate] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA 02110 USA. [Bell, Michelle L.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Gehring, Ulrike] Univ Utrecht, IRAS, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Glinianaia, Svetlana] Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AX, Tyne & Wear, England. [Ha, Eun-Hee] Ewha Womans Univ, Seoul 158710, South Korea. [Jalaludin, Bin] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Slama, Remy] INSERM, U823, Avenir Team Environm Epidemiol Appl Fecund & Repr, Inst Albert Bonniot, La Tronche, France. RP Woodruff, TJ (reprint author), UCSF, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM woodrufft@obgyn.ucsf.edu; jdp3@cdc.gov; kadams@healtheffects.org; michelle.bell@yale.edu; u.gehring@uu.nl; svetlana.glinianaia@ncl.ac.uk; eunheeha@ewha.ac.kr; b.jalaludin@unsw.edu.au; remy.slama@ujf-grenoble.fr RI Slama, Remy/M-1755-2013; OI Slama, Remy/0000-0002-8980-8529; Gehring, Ulrike/0000-0003-3612-5780 NR 14 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2638 EP 2652 DI 10.3390/ijerph7062638 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 616GC UT WOS:000279196000013 PM 20644693 ER PT J AU Tornheim, JA Manya, AS Oyando, N Kabaka, S O'Reilly, CE Breiman, RF Feikin, DR AF Tornheim, Jeffrey A. Manya, Ayub S. Oyando, Norbert Kabaka, Stewart O'Reilly, Ciara E. Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. TI The epidemiology of hospitalization with diarrhea in rural Kenya: the utility of existing health facility data in developing countries SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Diarrhea; Epidemiology; Health Management Information System ID THAN 5 YEARS; ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY; WESTERN KENYA; UNITED-STATES; ROTAVIRUS DISEASE; CARE USE; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; AGE; ADMISSIONS AB Objectives: In developing countries where prospective surveillance is resource-intensive, existing hospital data can define incidence, mortality, and risk factors that can help target interventions and track trends in disease burden. Methods: We reviewed hospitalizations from 2001 to 2003 at all inpatient facilities in BondoDistrict, Kenya. Results: Diarrhea was responsible for 11.2% (n = 2158) of hospitalizations. The annual incidence was 550 and 216 per 100 000 persons aged < 5 and >= 5 years, respectively. The incidence was highest in infants (1138 per 100 000 persons), decreased in older children, peaked again among 20-29-year-olds (341 per 100 000), and declined among those >= 65 years (157 per 100 000). Female adults had higher incidence than males (rate ratio = 1.84, 95% CI 1.61-2.10). Incidence decreased with distance from the district referral hospital (4.5% per kilometer, p < 0.0001) and from the nearest inpatient facility (6.6% per kilometer, p = 0.012). Case-fatality was high (8.0%), and was higher among adults than young children. Co-diagnosis with malaria, pneumonia, HIV, and tuberculosis was common. Peak diarrhea incidence fell one to two months after heavy rains. Conclusions: The trends revealed here provide useful data for public health priority setting and planning, including preventative interventions. The utility of such data justifies renewed efforts to establish and strengthen health management information systems in developing countries. (C) 2009 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tornheim, Jeffrey A.; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Unit 64112, APO, AE 09831 USA. [Manya, Ayub S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Oyando, Norbert; Kabaka, Stewart] Kenya Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Bondo Dist Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [O'Reilly, Ciara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feikin, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Unit 64112, APO, AE 09831 USA. EM dfeikin@ke.cdc.gov NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 6 BP E499 EP E505 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.07.021 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 596ZZ UT WOS:000277726100008 PM 19959387 ER PT J AU Ingram, DD Mussolino, ME AF Ingram, D. D. Mussolino, M. E. TI Weight loss from maximum body weight and mortality: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality File SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE follow-up studies; longitudinal studies; proportional hazards models; men; women ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; AGED 40-64 YEARS; US ADULTS; LONG-TERM; MASS INDEX; OLD-AGE; OVERWEIGHT; COHORT; OBESITY; MEN AB Objective: The aim of this longitudinal study is to examine the relationship between weight loss from maximum body weight, body mass index (BMI), and mortality in a nationally representative sample of men and women. Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Subjects: In all, 6117 whites, blacks, and Mexican-Americans 50 years and over at baseline who survived at least 3 years of follow-up, from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality Files (1988-1994 with passive mortality follow-up through 2000), were included. Measurements: Measured body weight and self-reported maximum body weight obtained at baseline. Weight loss (maximum body weight minus baseline weight) was categorized as <5%, 5-<15%, and >= 15%. Maximum BMI (reported maximum weight (kg)/measured baseline height (m)(2)) was categorized as healthy weight (18.5-24.9), overweight (25.0-29.9), and obese (>= 30.0). Results: In all, 1602 deaths were identified. After adjusting for age, race, smoking, health status, and preexisting illness, overweight men with weight loss of 15% or more, overweight women with weight loss of 5-<15%, and women in all BMI categories with weight loss of 15% or more were at increased risk of death from all causes compared with those in the same BMI category who lost <5%; hazard ratios ranged from 1.46 to 2.70. Weight loss of 5-<15% reduced risk of death from cardiovascular diseases among obese men. Conclusions: Weight loss of 15% or more from maximum body weight is associated with increased risk of death from all causes among overweight men and among women regardless of maximum BMI. International Journal of Obesity (2010) 34, 1044-1050; doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.41; published online 9 March 2010 C1 [Ingram, D. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Mussolino, M. E.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Ingram, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6211, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ddingram@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1044 EP 1050 DI 10.1038/ijo.2010.41 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 609NM UT WOS:000278663500012 PM 20212495 ER PT J AU Graves, LM Helsel, LO Steigerwalt, AG Morey, RE Daneshvar, MI Roof, SE Orsi, RH Fortes, ED Milillo, SR den Bakker, HC Wiedmann, M Swaminathan, B Sauders, BD AF Graves, Lewis M. Helsel, Leta O. Steigerwalt, Arnold G. Morey, Roger E. Daneshvar, Maryam I. Roof, Sherry E. Orsi, Renato H. Fortes, Esther D. Milillo, Sara R. den Bakker, Henk C. Wiedmann, Martin Swaminathan, Balasubramanian Sauders, Brian D. TI Listeria marthii sp nov., isolated from the natural environment, Finger Lakes National Forest SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; VIRULENCE GENE-CLUSTER; MULTIPLEX PCR; DNA REASSOCIATION; MONOCYTOGENES; EVOLUTION; DISTINCT; IVANOVII; FOODS; DIFFERENTIATION AB Four isolates (FSL S4-120(T), FSL S4-696, FSL S4-710, and FSL S4-965) of Gram-positive, motile, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacilli that were phenotypically similar to species of the genus Listeria were isolated from soil, standing water and flowing water samples obtained from the natural environment in the Finger Lakes National Forest, New York, USA. The four isolates were closely related to one another and were determined to be the same species by whole genome DNA DNA hybridization studies (>82% relatedness at 55 degrees C and >76% relatedness at 70 degrees C with 0.0-0.5% divergence). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed their close phylogenetic relatedness to Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua and more distant relatedness to Listeria welshimeri, L. seeligeri, L. ivanovii and L. grayi. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences for sigB, gap, and prs showed that these isolates form a well-supported sistergroup to L. monocytogenes. The four isolates were sufficiently different from L. monocytogenes and L. innocua by DNA DNA hybridization to warrant their designation as a new species of the genus Listeria. The four isolates yielded positive reactions in the AccuProbe test that is purported to be specific for L. monocytogenes, did not ferment L-rhamnose, were non-haemolytic on blood agar media, and did not contain a homologue of the L. monocytogenes virulence gene island. On the basis of their phenotypic characteristics and their genotypic distinctiveness from L. monocytogenes and L. innocua, the four isolates should be classified as a new species within the genus Listeria, for which the name Listeria marthii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of L. marthii is FSL S4-120(T) (=ATCC BAA-1595(T) =BEIR NR 9579(T) =CCUG 56148(T)). L. marthii has not been associated with human or animal disease at this time. C1 [Graves, Lewis M.; Helsel, Leta O.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Morey, Roger E.; Daneshvar, Maryam I.; Swaminathan, Balasubramanian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Graves, Lewis M.; Helsel, Leta O.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Morey, Roger E.; Daneshvar, Maryam I.; Swaminathan, Balasubramanian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch,Coordinating Ctr Infect, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sauders, Brian D.] New York State Dept Agr, Albany, NY 12235 USA. [Sauders, Brian D.] Markets Food Lab Div, Albany, NY 12235 USA. [Orsi, Renato H.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Graves, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LGraves@cdc.gov RI Wiedmann, Martin/A-9683-2008; den Bakker, Hendrik/A-8136-2010 OI Wiedmann, Martin/0000-0002-4168-5662; den Bakker, Hendrik/0000-0002-4086-1580 FU US Department of Agriculture Special Research [2005-34459-15625] FX We thank Dr Tim Liburn, Dianet Giraldo and Dr Enevold Falsen for their generous assistance with depositing the cultures in collections and Dr Hans Truper for his kind advice regarding correct Latin etymology. We also thank Dr Don Brenner for his helpful discussions, Dr Peter Gerner-Smidt for critical reading of the manuscript, and Steven Strokia for kindly generating the PFGE dendrogram. This project was partially supported by US Department of Agriculture Special Research Grant #2005-34459-15625 (to M. W.). Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Public Health Service or by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 43 TC 92 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 17 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 60 BP 1280 EP 1288 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.014118-0 PN 6 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 618PV UT WOS:000279369100005 PM 19667380 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, MR Chamblee, S von Reyn, CF Ellerbrock, TV Johnson, J Marsh, BJ Moreland, JD Narita, M Pedrosa, M Johnson, LS Horsburgh, CR AF O'Donnell, M. R. Chamblee, S. von Reyn, C. F. Ellerbrock, T. V. Johnson, J. Marsh, B. J. Moreland, J. D. Narita, M. Pedrosa, M. Johnson, L. S. Horsburgh, C. R., Jr. TI Racial disparities in primary and reactivation tuberculosis in a rural community in the southeastern United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; tuberculin test; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; southeastern United States; Black race; HIV infection ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; POPULATION; HEALTH; RISK; PROGRESSION; TRENDS; CITY AB SETTING: A rural section of a county in central Florida. BACKGROUND: Racial disparities in tuberculosis disease (TB) are substantial in the United States. OBJECTIVE: To determine if TB was attributable to primary infection, reactivation or both. DESIGN: A population-based survey of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), a case-control analysis of TB, and a cluster analysis of TB isolates were performed between 1997 and 2001. RESULTS: Of 447 survey participants, 135 (30%) had LTBI. Black race was strongly associated with LTBI among US-born (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.3-5.5) and foreign-born subjects (OR 4.3, 95%CI 2.2-8.4). Risk factors for TB included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; OR 27.4, 95%CI 10.1-74.1), drug use (OR 4.6, 95%CI 1.7-12.4) and Black race (OR 3.4, 95%CI 1.2-9.6). The population risk of TB attributable to Black race was 64%, while that attributable to HIV was 46%. Cluster analysis showed 67% of TB cases were clustered, but Blacks were not at a significantly increased risk of having a clustered isolate (OR 2.1, 95%CI 0.12-36.0). CONCLUSION: Both reactivation TB and recent TB transmission were increased among Blacks in this community. Therefore, LTBI screening and intensive contact tracing, both followed by LTBI treatment, will be needed to reduce TB in Blacks. C1 [O'Donnell, M. R.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Chamblee, S.; Johnson, J.] Glades Hlth Initiat Inc, Belle Glade, FL USA. [von Reyn, C. F.; Marsh, B. J.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Ellerbrock, T. V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moreland, J. D.] CL Brumback Hlth Ctr, Belle Glade, FL USA. [Narita, M.] Dept Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Narita, M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Pedrosa, M.] Florida Dept Hlth Lab, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Johnson, L. S.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Horsburgh, C. R., Jr.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP O'Donnell, MR (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM modonn@bu.edu FU CDC [U64 CCU118611]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [T32 AI52074] FX The authors thank the members of the Glades Health Initiative staff, D Abbott, R Trenschel and V Virkud, for assistance with and support for the survey. This study was supported by cooperative agreement U64 CCU118611 (CDC) and M O was supported by T32 AI52074 (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 14 IS 6 BP 733 EP 740 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 602BR UT WOS:000278113600012 PM 20487612 ER PT J AU Serbanescu, F Stupp, P Westoff, C AF Serbanescu, Florina Stupp, Paul Westoff, Charles TI Contraception Matters: Two Approaches to Analyzing Evidence of the Abortion Decline in Georgia SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INFANT-MORTALITY GAP; DHS CALENDAR DATA; UNITED-STATES; RATES; TRENDS; WORLDWIDE; BIRTH AB CONTEXT: The abortion rate in the republic of Georgia is the highest documented in the world. Analyses using reliable data are needed to inform programs for preventing unintended pregnancy and abortion. METHODS: Data from two large national household surveys conducted in 1999 and 2005 were used to assess the relationship between contraceptive use and abortion. Two analytic approaches were used. First, abortion rates were estimated for three subgroups: users of modern contraceptives, users of traditional contraceptives and nonusers of contraceptives. A decomposition method was then used to estimate the proportions of change in abortion rates that were due to changes in contraceptive use and to changes in use- and nonuse-specific abortion rates. Second, a methodology developed by Westoff was used to examine abortion rates among contraceptive users and among nonusers with differing risks of unintended pregnancy. RESULTS: According to data from the 60 months before each survey, contraceptive prevalence among married women increased by 23% (from 39% to 48%) and the marital abortion rate declined by 15% (from 203 to 172 abortions per 1,000 woman-years) between 1999 and 2005. Both approaches showed that nonuse of any method was the principal determinant of the high unintended pregnancy rate and that the increase in use of modern contraceptives was a significant contributor to the recent drop in abortion (explaining 54% of the decline, according to the decomposition analysis). CONCLUSIONS: Efforts to increase availability and use of modern family planning methods in Georgia should lead to a direct and measurable decline in the abortion rate. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2010, 36(2):99-110 C1 [Serbanescu, Florina; Stupp, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Westoff, Charles] Princeton Univ, Off Populat Res, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Serbanescu, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fserbanescu@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU ALAN GUTTMACHER INST PI NEW YORK PA 125 MAIDEN LANE, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA SN 1944-0391 J9 INT PERSPECT SEX R H JI Int. Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 36 IS 2 BP 99 EP 110 PG 12 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 632LX UT WOS:000280427300006 PM 20663746 ER PT J AU Anderson, BL Dang, EP Floyd, RL Sokol, R Mahoney, J Schulkin, J AF Anderson, Britta L. Dang, Elizabeth Parra Floyd, R. Louise Sokol, Robert Mahoney, Jeanne Schulkin, Jay TI Knowledge, Opinions, and Practice Patterns of Obstetrician-Gynecologists Regarding Their Patients' Use of Alcohol SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTION MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alcohol; FASD; screening; prevention; obstetrician-gynecologist ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; BRIEF INTERVENTION; CONSUMPTION; TRIAL AB Objective: To evaluate the evolution of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder prevention practices including awareness and use of recently published tools. Methods: Fellows of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists were asked about their knowledge, opinions, and practice regarding alcohol-related care. Eight hundred obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns) were selected; 48.1% returned the survey. Results: The majority (66.0%) indicated that occasional alcohol consumption is not safe during any period of pregnancy. There was no consensus when asked if alcohol's effect on fetal development is clear (46.9% thought it was clear and 45.9% did not). Most (82.2%) ask all pregnant patients about alcohol use only during patients' initial visit, whereas 10.6% ask during initial and subsequent visits. Most (78.5%) advise abstinence when pregnant women report alcohol use. When asked which validated alcohol risk screening tool they most commonly use with pregnant patients, 57.8% said they use no tool. Although 71.9% felt prepared to screen for risky or hazardous drinking, older ob-gyns indicated feeling significantly more unprepared than younger ob-gyns. "Patient denial or resistance to treatment" was the top issue affecting alcohol screening and "referral resources for patients with alcohol problems" was the resource needed most. Most ob-gyns were not aware of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism "Clinician's Guide" or the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Prevention Tool Kit." Conclusions: There are few changes in the alcohol-related screening and treatment patterns of ob-gyns since 1999; although perceived barriers and needs have changed. Interventions, including referral resources and continuing medical education training, are warranted. C1 [Anderson, Britta L.; Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Anderson, Britta L.] American Univ, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Dang, Elizabeth Parra; Floyd, R. Louise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil NCBDDD, Washington, DC USA. [Sokol, Robert] Wayne State Univ, CS Mott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Mahoney, Jeanne] Providers Partnership, Washington, DC USA. RP Anderson, BL (reprint author), Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, 409 12th St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM banderson@acog.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services [U50/CCU323396]; Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services [R60 MC 05674] FX Supported, in part, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services (Cooperative Agreement U50/CCU323396) and by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Grant R60 MC 05674). NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1932-0620 J9 J ADDICT MED JI J. Addict. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 2 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1097/ADM.0b013e3181b95015 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 642PP UT WOS:000281228600008 PM 21769028 ER PT J AU Marino, LA Shen, J AF Marino, Leslie A. Shen, Joannie TI Characteristics of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Adults With Current Asthma, 2006 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE asthma; complementary and alternative medicine ID THERAPY USE; POPULATION; CHILDREN; CARE AB Background. Prevalence estimates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among persons with asthma vary widely; prior studies reported that patients do not discuss CAM use with their physicians. The authors examined the prevalence and characteristics of CAM use among adults with asthma to prepare physicians to discuss CAM use with their patients. Methods. CAM use among adults with current asthma was analyzed using the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from a subset of 25 states that completed the follow-up Asthma Callback Survey. CAM use was defined as a "Yes" response to the use of one or more CAM therapies to control asthma during the previous 12 months. Statistics were calculated using SAS v9.2 Proc Surveyfreq to provide weighted estimates and account for complex sample design. Results. The prevalence of CAM use among adults with asthma was 39.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36.9-42.3). There was no significant association with CAM use by sex, race/ethnicity, age, education, or geographic region. After adjusting for demographics and region, CAM use was significantly higher among persons with (1) financial barriers to asthma care (odds ratio [OR] = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.9-4.1); (2) an emergency room (ER) visit due to asthma (OR = 1.7 95% CI = 1.1-2.6); and (3) >= 14 asthma-associated disability days during the previous year (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.4-3.1). Conclusions. CAM use is common among adults with asthma. It is associated with financial barriers to asthma care and poor asthma control. Physicians should discuss CAM use with their asthma patients. C1 [Marino, Leslie A.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11211 USA. [Marino, Leslie A.; Shen, Joannie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marino, LA (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, 295 Graham Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211 USA. EM leslie.marino@downstate.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CDC Foundation through Pfizer FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. The authors, Ms. Leslie Marino and Dr. Joannie Shen have both participated in the conception, design, analysis and interpretation of the data, have drafted and revised the submitted article, and have approved the final version to be published.; Ms. Marino participated in a research fellowship at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored by the CDC Foundation through a grant funded by Pfizer. Dr. Shen has no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD JUN PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 521 EP 525 DI 10.3109/02770900903576320 PG 5 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 658VL UT WOS:000282518100006 PM 20536278 ER PT J AU Greenberg, C Luna, P Simmons, G Huhman, M Merkle, S Robin, L Keener, D AF Greenberg, Cindy Luna, Pamela Simmons, Gretchen Huhman, Marian Merkle, Sarah Robin, Leah Keener, Dana TI Follow-Up of an Elementary School Intervention for Asthma Management: Do Gains Last Into Middle School? SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE adolescents and asthma; asthma management intervention; coordinated school health; program evaluation; school-based programs for asthma ID CHILDREN; PROGRAM; ADOLESCENTS; EDUCATION; STUDENTS; TRIAL AB Objective. Albuquerque Public Schools (APS), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducted an evaluation to examine whether students who were exposed to the APS asthma program in elementary school retained benefits into middle school. Methods. APS middle school students who participated in the APS asthma program in elementary school, including the Open Airways for Schools (OAS) education curriculum, responded to a follow-up questionnaire (N = 121) and participated in student focus groups (N = 40). Asthma management self-efficacy scores from the follow-up questionnaire were compared to scores obtained before and after the OAS education component. Additional items assessed students' asthma symptoms, management skills, avoidance of asthma triggers, and school impact. Results. Although asthma management self-efficacy scores declined in middle school among students exposed to the asthma program in elementary school, they remained significantly higher than scores obtained during elementary school prior to the OAS intervention. Conclusion. The results indicate that although students benefited from the asthma program delivered in elementary school, they need booster sessions and continued school support in middle school. C1 [Luna, Pamela; Keener, Dana] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Greenberg, Cindy] Albuquerque Hlth Mental Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Huhman, Marian] Univ Illinois, Dept Commun, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Simmons, Gretchen; Merkle, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Keener, D (reprint author), ICF Macro, 3 Corp Sq NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM keener@macrointernational.com FU Division of Adolescent and School Health, at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was funded by the Division of Adolescent and School Health, at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD JUN PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 587 EP 593 DI 10.3109/02770901003713987 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 658VL UT WOS:000282518100017 PM 20560833 ER PT J AU Cartwright, EJ Prabhu, RM Zinderman, CE Schobert, WE Jensen, B Noble-Wang, J Church, K Welsh, C Kuehnert, M Burke, TL Srinivasan, A AF Cartwright, Emily J. Prabhu, Rajesh M. Zinderman, Craig E. Schobert, William E. Jensen, Bette Noble-Wang, Judith Church, Kelly Welsh, Cindi Kuehnert, Matthew Burke, Timothy L. Srinivasan, Arjun CA Food Drug Adm Tissue Safety Team TI Transmission of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (Formerly Chryseobacterium meningosepticum) to Tissue-Allograft Recipients A Report of Two Cases SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article C1 [Cartwright, Emily J.; Jensen, Bette; Noble-Wang, Judith; Church, Kelly; Kuehnert, Matthew; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prabhu, Rajesh M.; Welsh, Cindi] SMDC Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Dis, Duluth, MN 55805 USA. [Prabhu, Rajesh M.; Welsh, Cindi] SMDC Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Duluth, MN 55805 USA. [Zinderman, Craig E.] US FDA, Off Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Cartwright, EJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asrinivasan@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 92A IS 6 BP 1501 EP 1506 DI 10.2106/JBJS.I.00502 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 603MC UT WOS:000278211700019 PM 20516326 ER PT J AU Brown, WV Myers, GL Sniderman, AD Stein, E AF Brown, W. Virgil Myers, Gary L. Sniderman, Allan D. Stein, Evan TI Should we use apoB for risk assessment and as a target for treatment SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brown, W. Virgil] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Myers, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Chem Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sniderman, Allan D.] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Stein, Evan] Metab & Atherosclerosis Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Brown, WV (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, 1670 Clanmont Rd, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1933-2874 J9 J CLIN LIPIDOL JI J. Clin. Lipidol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jacl.2010.03.004 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 599XI UT WOS:000277947100002 PM 21122646 ER PT J AU Munoz-Cadavid, C Rudd, S Zaki, SR Patel, M Moser, SA Brandt, ME Gomez, BL AF Munoz-Cadavid, C. Rudd, S. Zaki, S. R. Patel, M. Moser, S. A. Brandt, M. E. Gomez, B. L. TI Improving Molecular Detection of Fungal DNA in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues: Comparison of Five Tissue DNA Extraction Methods Using Panfungal PCR SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MURINE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS; CLINICAL-APPLICATION; IDENTIFICATION; SPECIMENS; ASPERGILLOSIS; AMPLIFICATION; ASSAYS; MUCORMYCOSIS; INFECTIONS AB DNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is difficult and requires special protocols in order to extract small amounts of DNA suitable for amplification. Most described methods report an amplification success rate between 60 and 80%; therefore, there is a need to improve molecular detection and identification of fungi in FFPE tissue. Eighty-one archived FFPE tissues with a positive Gomori methenamine silver (GMS) stain were evaluated using five different commercial DNA extraction kits with some modifications. Three different panfungal PCR assays were used to detect fungal DNA, and two housekeeping genes were used to assess the presence of amplifiable DNA and to detect PCR inhibitors. The sensitivities of the five extraction protocols were compared, and the quality of DNA detection (calculated for each kit as the number of housekeeping gene PCRpositive samples divided by the total number of samples) was 60 to 91% among the five protocols. The efficiencies of the three different panfungals used (calculated as the number of panfungal-PCR-positive samples divided by the number of housekeeping gene PCR-positive samples) were 58 to 93%. The panfungal PCR using internal transcribed spacer 3 (ITS3) and ITS4 primers yielded a product in most FFPE tissues. Two of the five DNA extraction kits (from TaKaRa and Qiagen) showed similar and promising results. However, one method (TaKaRa) could extract fungal DNA from 69 of the 74 FFPE tissues from which a housekeeping gene could be amplified and was also cost-effective, with a nonlaborious protocol. Factors such as sensitivity, cost, and labor will help guide the selection of the most appropriate method for the needs of each laboratory. C1 [Munoz-Cadavid, C.; Rudd, S.; Brandt, M. E.; Gomez, B. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zaki, S. R.; Patel, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moser, S. A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Gomez, BL (reprint author), Corporac Invest Biol, Carrera 72A 78 B 141, Medellin, Colombia. EM bgomez@cib.org.co FU American Society for Microbiology (ASM); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); CDC FX C.M.-C. was supported in part by an International Travel Fellowship from the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) during his time at the CDC. This research was supported in part by an appointment (S. R.) to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the CDC. NR 28 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 BP 2147 EP 2153 DI 10.1128/JCM.00459-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 602DG UT WOS:000278118100025 PM 20392915 ER PT J AU Melnick, N Thompson, TA Beall, BW AF Melnick, Nikkol Thompson, Terry A. Beall, Bernard W. TI Serotype-Specific Typing Antisera for Pneumococcal Serogroup 6 Serotypes 6A, 6B, and 6C SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE C1 [Melnick, Nikkol; Thompson, Terry A.; Beall, Bernard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Melnick, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 BP 2311 EP 2312 DI 10.1128/JCM.00410-10 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 602DG UT WOS:000278118100061 PM 20375231 ER PT J AU Santos, N Peret, TCT Humphrey, CD Albuquerque, MCM Silva, RC Benati, FJ Lu, XY Erdman, DD AF Santos, Norma Peret, Teresa C. T. Humphrey, Charles D. Albuquerque, Maria Carolina M. Silva, Raquel Cirlene Benati, Fabricio Jose Lu, Xiaoyan Erdman, Dean D. TI Human bocavirus species 2 and 3 in Brazil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human bocavirus; Gastroenteritis; Viral diagnostic ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC PROFILE; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; INFECTION; PARVOVIRUS; SAMPLES; VIRUS AB Background: The newly described human bocavirus (HBoV) species 2 and 3 have been repeatedly detected in stool strengthening the possibility that these viruses might present a tropism for the gastrointestinal tract and may be etiological agents of diarrhea. Objective: In this study we assessed the presence of HBoV2 and HBoV3 in stool specimens from Brazilians with acute gastroenteritis. Study design: Stool samples from Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea were analyzed for HBoV2 and HBoV3 by PCR assay. Full or partial genome sequences were obtained for selected isolates. Electron microscopy analysis was used to investigate virus morphology. Results: Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of virus-like particles in HBoV PCR-positive specimens, with morphology similar to other members of the Parvoviridae family. Five samples out of 807 (0.6%) were positive for HBoV3. Three of the HBoV3-positive patients were HIV/AIDS positive. A selected group of 144 samples was also tested for HBoV2 and 30 samples (20.8%) were positive, 11 of which were HIV/AIDS positive. Conclusion: This study reports the detection and genetic characterization of HBoV3 and HBoV2 in the stool of Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea. This is the first description of HBoV3 outside Australia, suggesting a wide global distribution of this virus. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of HBoV in gastrointestinal infections, particularly among patients with HIV/AIDS. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Santos, Norma] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Virol, Inst Microbiol, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Peret, Teresa C. T.; Humphrey, Charles D.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Santos, N (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Virol, Inst Microbiol, CCS Bl 1, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM nsantos@micro.ufrj.br RI Santos, Norma/H-6986-2015 OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Fundacao Carlos Chagas de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Brazil FX This study was supported in part by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), and Fundacao Carlos Chagas de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Brazil. NR 24 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 2 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.03.014 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 590YL UT WOS:000277264300011 PM 20382557 ER PT J AU Nothlings, U Ford, ES Kroger, J Boeing, H AF Noethlings, Ute Ford, Earl S. Kroeger, Janine Boeing, Heiner TI Lifestyle factors and mortality among adults with diabetes: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE alcohol; body mass index; diabetes; diet; healthy lifestyle; mortality; physical activity; smoking AB Background: Healthy lifestyle behaviors are among the cornerstones of diabetes self-management, but the extent to which healthy lifestyle factors could potentially prevent premature mortality among people with diabetes remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to estimate the reduction in mortality that could be achieved if people with diabetes did not smoke, had a body mass index < 30 kg/m(2), performed physical activity for >= 3.5 h/week, reported better dietary habits, and consumed alcohol moderately. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 1263 German men and women with diabetes aged 35-65 years who were followed for an average of 7.8 years was used and multivariate Cox regression models for all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated. Results: Approximately 7% of study participants had no favorable factors, 24% had one, 35% had two, and 34% had three or more. Compared with participants who had no favorable factors, the reduction in risk was 34% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19%, 63%] for those with one favorable factor, 49% (95% CI 9%, 71%) for those with two, and 63% (95% CI 31%, 80%) for those with three or more. Furthermore, a competing risk analysis did not show any difference in the inverse associations with mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, or other causes. Conclusions: Favorable lifestyle factors can potentially achieve substantial reductions in premature mortality among people with diabetes. Our results emphasize the importance of helping people with diabetes optimize their lifestyle behaviors. C1 [Noethlings, Ute; Kroeger, Janine; Boeing, Heiner] German Inst Human Nutr Potsdam Rehbrucke, Dept Epidemiol, Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany. [Noethlings, Ute] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt Med, Epidemiol Sect, Kiel, Germany. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Boeing, H (reprint author), German Inst Human Nutr Potsdam Rehbrucke, Dept Epidemiol, Arthur Scheunert Allee 114-116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany. EM boeing@dife.de RI Nothlings, Ute/B-2713-2010; OI Kroger, Janine/0000-0002-7496-3665 FU Germany Cancer Aid; Federal Ministry of Education and Research; European Federation for the Study of Diabetes/Sanofi-Aventis grant FX The EPIC-Potsdam study was funded, in part, by the Germany Cancer Aid and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. This study was supported by an European Federation for the Study of Diabetes/Sanofi-Aventis grant. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD JUN PY 2010 VL 2 IS 2 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2010.00069.x PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V24MV UT WOS:000208415400009 PM 20923493 ER PT J AU Simon, TR Miller, S Gorman-Smith, D Orpinas, P Sullivan, T AF Simon, Thomas R. Miller, Shari Gorman-Smith, Deborah Orpinas, Pamela Sullivan, Terri TI Physical Dating Violence Norms and Behavior Among Sixth-Grade Students From Four US Sites SO JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE dating violence; violence-related norms; perpetration; victimization ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; SAFE DATES; PREVENTION PROGRAM; GENDER DIFFERENCES; ADOLESCENT; PREDICTORS; PROJECT; DESIGN AB Relatively little is known about the prevalence of physical dating violence behaviors and perceived norms about dating violence among early adolescents. A sample of 5,404 sixth-grade students was recruited from four diverse U.S. sites. Over half of the respondents reported that girls hitting their boyfriends was acceptable under certain circumstances (e. g., if made mad or jealous) and more than one in four reported acceptance of boys hitting their girlfriends. Among those reporting that they had a recent boy/girlfriend, nearly one third of girls (31.5%) and more than one fourth of boys (26.4%) reported being physically aggressive toward this person (e. g., punching, slapping). These data support the need to address the problem of violence within students' perceived dating relationships in sixth grade or earlier and suggest that preventive interventions should focus on changing norms that support violence between males and females. C1 [Simon, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Miller, Shari] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gorman-Smith, Deborah] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychiat, Inst Juvenile Res, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Orpinas, Pamela] Univ Georgia, Dept Hlth Promot & Behav, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sullivan, Terri] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Simon, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 20 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-4316 J9 J EARLY ADOLESCENCE JI J. Early Adolesc. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 30 IS 3 BP 395 EP 409 DI 10.1177/0272431609333301 PG 15 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental SC Family Studies; Psychology GA 591TA UT WOS:000277326000003 ER PT J AU Kalis, MA Miller, MD AF Kalis, Martin A. Miller, Mark D. TI EHTER: Where Does It Go From Here? SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kalis, Martin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kalis, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4700 Buford Highway NE, MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mkalis@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 72 IS 10 BP 38 EP 39 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 601AJ UT WOS:000278030000007 PM 20556943 ER PT J AU Patrick, ME Mahon, BE Zansky, SM Hurd, S Scallan, E AF Patrick, Mary E. Mahon, Barbara E. Zansky, Shelley M. Hurd, Sharon Scallan, Elaine TI Riding in Shopping Carts and Exposure to Raw Meat and Poultry Products: Prevalence of, and Factors Associated with, This Risk Factor for Salmonella and Campylobacter Infection in Children Younger Than 3 Years SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TYPHIMURIUM INFECTIONS; SURFACES; INJURIES; INFANTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AUSTRALIA AB Riding in a shopping cart next to raw meat or poultry is a risk factor for Salmonella and Campylobacter infections in infants. To describe the frequency of, and factors associated with, this behavior, we surveyed parents of children aged younger than 3 years in Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network sites. We defined exposure as answering yes to one of a series of questions asking if packages of raw meat or poultry were near a child in a shopping cart, or if a child was in the cart basket at the same time as was raw meat or poultry. Among 1,273 respondents, 767 (60%) reported that their children visited a grocery store in the past week and rode in shopping carts. Among these children, 103 (13%) were exposed to raw products. Children who rode in the baskets were more likely to be exposed than were those who rode only in the seats (odds ratio [OR], 17.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 11.0 to 28.9). In a multivariate model, riding in the basket (OR, 15.5; 95% Cl, 9.2 to 26.1), income less than $55,000 (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.1), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 2.3; 95% Cl, 1.2 to 4.5) were associated with exposure. Our study shows that children can be exposed to raw meat and poultry products while riding in shopping carts. Parents should separate children from raw products and place children in the seats rather than in the baskets of the cart. Retailer use of leak-proof packaging, customer placement of product in a plastic bag and on the rack underneath the cart, use of hand sanitizers and wipes. and consumer education may also be helpful. C1 [Patrick, Mary E.; Mahon, Barbara E.; Scallan, Elaine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, ESP, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Univ Colorado, Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Patrick, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MEPatrick@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 73 IS 6 BP 1097 EP 1100 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 611CY UT WOS:000278789500012 PM 20537266 ER PT J AU Tseng, CW Tierney, E Gerzoff, B Mangione, C Chung, R Marrero, D Karter, A Curb, D Waitzfelder, B Dudley, A Crosson, J Piette, J AF Tseng, Chien-Wen Tierney, Ed Gerzoff, Bob Mangione, Carol Chung, Richard Marrero, David Karter, Andy Curb, David Waitzfelder, Beth Dudley, Adams Crosson, Jay Piette, John TI PATIENTS WILLINGNESS TO DISCUSS OPTIONS FOR LOWERING THEIR OUT-OF-POCKET MEDICATION COSTS SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 18-MAY 01, 2010 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Tseng, Chien-Wen] Univ Hawaii, JABSOM, Honolulu, HI USA. [Tierney, Ed; Gerzoff, Bob] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mangione, Carol] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Chung, Richard] HMSA, Honolulu, HI USA. [Marrero, David] Indiana Univ, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Karter, Andy] Kaiser Permanente, Bainbridge Isl, WA USA. [Curb, David; Waitzfelder, Beth] PHRI, Honolulu, HI USA. [Dudley, Adams] UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. [Crosson, Jay] UMDNJ, New Jersey Med Sch, Somerset, NJ USA. [Piette, John] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Tseng, Chien-Wen] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 25 SU 3 BP 346 EP 346 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 591EO UT WOS:000277282300308 ER PT J AU Daniels, NA Gildengorin, G Nguyen, TT Liao, YL Luong, TN McPhee, SJ AF Daniels, Nicholas A. Gildengorin, Ginny Nguyen, Tung T. Liao, Youlian Luong, Thien-Nhien McPhee, Stephen J. TI Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates among Vietnamese, Asian, and Non-Hispanic White Americans SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Vietnamese Americans; Adult immunizations; Racial/Ethnic disparities ID IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ADULTS; INTERVENTION; KNOWLEDGE; IMPACT; WOMEN AB Background Vaccination data for Asian Americans are comparable to those for whites, possibly because they are reported in aggregate rather than for subgroups. We compared influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates among eligible Asian Americans and white Americans, and for Vietnamese Americans as a subgroup, and assessed factors associated with these vaccinations. Methods Cross-sectional study of data collected from three ethnic groups over 4 years by telephone survey. Data were weighted for selection probability and population estimates and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results Vietnamese Americans had a higher rate of influenza vaccination (61%) than Asian Americans (45%) and white Americans (52%), and lower rate of pneumococcal vaccination (41%) than Asian Americans (56%), both lower than white Americans (67%). Conclusion When analyzed as a subgroup, Vietnamese Americans had a higher influenza vaccination rate, but a lower pneumococcal vaccination rate, compared to Asian Americans and white Americans, which may indicate that health behaviors and outcomes can differ widely among Asian subgroups. Analyses of preventive care measures in Asian Americans should focus on subgroups to ensure accuracy and quality of assessments. C1 [Daniels, Nicholas A.; Gildengorin, Ginny; Nguyen, Tung T.; McPhee, Stephen J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Liao, Youlian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Luong, Thien-Nhien] Santa Clara Cty Publ Hlth Dept, San Jose, CA USA. RP Daniels, NA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 1701 Div St,Suite 500,Box 1731, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. EM ndaniels@medicine.ucsf.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [P30-AG15272, P30 AG015272]; PHS HHS [U50/CCU917412, U50/CCU922156] NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 12 IS 3 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s10903-008-9195-6 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 645ZW UT WOS:000281505700011 PM 18839311 ER PT J AU Yanni, EA Copeland, G Olney, RS AF Yanni, Emad A. Copeland, Glenn Olney, Richard S. TI Birth Defects and Genetic Disorders Among Arab Americans-Michigan, 1992-2003 SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Birth defects; Arab-American children; Michigan Birth Defects Registry; Metabolic disorders; Hereditary blood disorders AB Birth defects and genetic disorders are leading causes of infant morbidity and mortality in many countries. Population-based data on birth defects among Arab-American children have not been documented previously. Michigan has the second largest Arab-American community in the United States after California. Using data from the Michigan Birth Defects Registry (MBDR), which includes information on parents' country of birth and ancestry, birth prevalences were estimated in offspring of Michigan women of Arab ancestry for 21 major categories of birth defects and 12 congenital endocrine, metabolic, and hereditary disorders. Compared with other non-Hispanic white children in Michigan, Arab-American children had similar or lower birth prevalences of the selected types of structural birth defects, with higher rates of certain hereditary blood disorders and three categories of metabolic disorders. These estimates are important for planning preconception and antenatal health care, genetic counseling, and clinical care for Arab Americans. C1 [Yanni, Emad A.; Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Copeland, Glenn] Michigan Birth Defects Registry, Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Yanni, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eyanni@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 12 IS 3 BP 408 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s10903-008-9203-x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 645ZW UT WOS:000281505700016 PM 18972209 ER PT J AU Curns, AT Steiner, CA Barrett, M Hunter, K Wilson, E Parashar, UD AF Curns, Aaron T. Steiner, Claudia A. Barrett, Marguerite Hunter, Katherine Wilson, Emily Parashar, Umesh D. TI Reduction in Acute Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations among US Children After Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine: Analysis of Hospital Discharge Data from 18 US States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SURVEILLANCE; DIARRHEA; TRENDS; COVERAGE; IMPACT; CODE; AGE AB Background. In 2006, RotaTeq (RV5) was recommended for routine vaccination of United States (US) infants. We compared hospitalization rates for acute gastroenteritis among US children aged <5 years during pre-RV5 rotavirus seasons from 2000 through 2006 with those during the post-RV5 2007 and 2008 seasons. Methods. Using 100% hospital discharge data from 18 states, accounting for 49% of the US population, we calculated acute gastroenteritis hospitalization rates for children aged <5 years by rotavirus season, 8 age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-35, 36-47, and 48-59 months), and state. Results. Compared with the median rate for the 2000-2006 rotavirus seasons (101.1 hospitalizations per 10,000 children), the rates for 2007 and 2008 (85.5 and 55.5 hospitalizations per 10,000 children) were 16% and 45% lower, respectively. Children aged 0-2 months had a 28% reduction, those aged 6-23 months had a reduction of 50%, and children aged 3-5 months and 24-59 months had reductions ranging between 42% and 45% during the 2008 rotavirus season, compared with the median rate for 2000-2006 rotavirus seasons. Conclusions. The introduction of the RV5 vaccine was associated with a dramatic reduction in hospitalizations for acute gastroenteritis among US children during the 2008 rotavirus season. C1 [Curns, Aaron T.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Rockville, MD USA. [Barrett, Marguerite] ML Barrett, Del Mar, CA USA. [Hunter, Katherine; Wilson, Emily] Thomson Reuters, Santa Barbara, CA USA. RP Curns, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM agc8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Arizona Department of Health Services; Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development; Florida Agency for Health Care Administration; Georgia Hospital Association; Hawaii Health Information Corporation; Indiana Hospital Association; Iowa Hospital Association; Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services; Maine Health Data Organization; Health Services Cost Review Commission; Michigan Health & Hospital Association; Minnesota Hospital Association; Hospital Industry Data Institute; Nevada Department of Health and Human Services; New York State Department of Health; South Carolina State Budget Control Board; Washington State Department of Health; West Virginia Health Care Authority FX Financial support: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.; We thank and acknowledge the following HCUP state partners for their active support of this study: Arizona Department of Health Services, Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (CA), Florida Agency for Health Care Administration, Georgia Hospital Association, Hawaii Health Information Corporation, Indiana Hospital Association, Iowa Hospital Association, Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services, Maine Health Data Organization, Health Services Cost Review Commission (MD), Michigan Health & Hospital Association, Minnesota Hospital Association, Hospital Industry Data Institute (MO), Nevada Department of Health and Human Services, New York State Department of Health, South Carolina State Budget & Control Board, Washington State Department of Health, and West Virginia Health Care Authority. We also thank Claudia Chesley for her editorial assistance. NR 27 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 11 BP 1617 EP 1624 DI 10.1086/652403 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 589TH UT WOS:000277176200004 PM 20402596 ER PT J AU Esteban, LE Rota, RP Gentsch, JR Jiang, BM Esona, M Glass, RI Glikmann, G Castello, AA AF Esteban, Laura E. Rota, Rosana P. Gentsch, Jon R. Jiang, Baoming Esona, Mathew Glass, Roger I. Glikmann, Graciela Castello, Alejandro A. TI Molecular Epidemiology of Group A Rotavirus in Buenos Aires, Argentina 2004-2007: Reemergence of G2P[4] and Emergence of G9P[8] Strains SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; genotype; diarrhea, vaccine ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; VACCINATED POPULATION; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; NUCLEIC-ACID; GENOTYPE G9; BRAZIL; DIARRHEA AB Detection and characterization of group A rotavirus in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was conducted on 710 fecal samples from children 0-15 years old collected between 2004 and 2007. Rotavirus was detected in 140 (19.7%) samples with G9P[8] (30.0%) and G2P[4] (21.4%) as the most common genotypes Mixed (G and/or P) infections accounted for 17.9% of the samples and the emerging G12 strain was detected during 2004 (3.5%) and 2007 (2.5%). Genotype G2 was the most prevalent during 2004 (43.9%) and 2007 (57.5%) and G9 during 2005 (58.0%) and 2006 (61.5%). Analysis of genotype prevalences from studies performed since 1996 in the same area showed striking natural fluctuations in G and P genotype frequencies. In particular, G2P[4] strains disappeared after 1999 and reemerged in 2004 to become the predominant strain by 2007 with a concomitant major decrease in G1 P[8] prevalence. The VP7 genes from Argentinian G9 and G2 strains were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was conducted in order to compare with sequences from strains isolated in regional countries reported previously. Several changes in the deduced amino acid sequence in antigenic regions of the VP7 protein from Argentinian and Brazilian strains were identified compared to vaccine strains. Overall, this study revealed relationships in the circulation of rotavirus strains in South American countries and major replacements in dominant genotypes, including the virtual disappearance of G1P[8] strains in a non-vaccinated population. High numbers of mixed infections speeding up evolution, circulation of rare serotypes, and antigenic drift could, eventually, become challenges for new vaccines. J. Med. Virol. 82:1083-1093, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc C1 [Esteban, Laura E.; Rota, Rosana P.; Glikmann, Graciela; Castello, Alejandro A.] Univ Nacl Quilmes, LIV, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Rota, Rosana P.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Jiang, Baoming; Esona, Mathew; Glass, Roger I.; Castello, Alejandro A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Esteban, LE (reprint author), Univ Nacl Quilmes, LIV, Roque Saenz Pena 352,B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. OI Castello, Alejandro/0000-0002-0586-1702 NR 52 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 82 IS 6 BP 1083 EP 1093 DI 10.1002/jmv.21745 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 587HR UT WOS:000276981700024 PM 20419826 ER PT J AU Falkenberg, VR Rajeevan, MS AF Falkenberg, Virginia R. Rajeevan, Mangalathu S. TI Identification of a Potential Molecular Link Between the Glucocorticoid and Serotonergic Signaling Systems SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HPA axis; Serotonin receptors; Glucocorticoid receptor; Androgen receptor; Progesterone receptor; DNA-protein interactions ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; RECEPTOR GENE; DEPRESSION; STRESS; MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION; 5-HT1A; STIMULATION; DISORDER AB Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) signaling systems play a pivotal role in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, but the molecular nature of interactions between these two systems remain largely unidentified. We used computational and experimental approaches to evaluate if DNA-protein interactions would provide a molecular link for the interaction between 5-HT and GR systems. Bioinformatic analysis identified nine binding sites in various serotonin receptors (HTR1D, HTR1F, HTR2A, HTR3A, and HTR6) for transcription factors in the GR family. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) using HeLa nuclear extract and purified full-length GR verified most of the predicted DNA-protein interactions. Six binding sites verified by EMSA results were evolutionarily conserved in multiple species. Multiple lines of evidence from computational and experimental analyses in this study support the potential of a molecular link between 5-HT and GR signaling systems. This finding provides new approaches to studies directed at mechanisms for glucocorticoid negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis involving 5-HT and interventional studies directed to neuropsychiatric diseases. C1 [Falkenberg, Virginia R.; Rajeevan, Mangalathu S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rajeevan, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mor4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Zoonotic Vector-Borne Enteric Diseases, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases FX Support for V. R. Falkenberg was provided by the research participation program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Zoonotic Vector-Borne Enteric Diseases, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0895-8696 J9 J MOL NEUROSCI JI J. Mol. Neurosci. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 2 BP 322 EP 327 DI 10.1007/s12031-009-9320-6 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 586DT UT WOS:000276882800013 PM 20052562 ER PT J AU Miller, A Siffel, C Lu, CX Riehle-Colarusso, T Frias, JL Correa, A AF Miller, Assia Siffel, Csaba Lu, Chengxing Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Frias, Jaime L. Correa, Adolfo TI Long-Term Survival of Infants with Atrioventricular Septal Defects SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; NATIONAL-DEATH-INDEX; DOWN-SYNDROME; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; HETEROTAXY SYNDROME; FONTAN OPERATION; RISK-FACTORS; VITAL STATUS; CHILDREN; MORTALITY AB Objective To examine the variation in survival in infants with atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) with demographic factors and clinical characteristics, including the presence of Down syndrome. Study design We selected infants with all types of AVSD with Down syndrome (n = 177) and without Down syndrome (n = 161), born between Jan 1, 1979, and Dec 31, 2003 and identified through the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP). Infants were classified by the complexity of their cardiac defects and presence of major non-cardiac malformations. Deaths (n = 111) were identified through 2004 with linkage with state vital records and the National Death Index. Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated in relation to demographic and clinical characteristics. Results Children with AVSD and Down syndrome had a similar overall survival probability (70%) as those without Down syndrome (69%). Mortality was higher in children with a complex AVSD (adjusted HR = 7.0; 95% CI, 3.1-15.5) and in children with >= 2 major non-cardiac malformations (adjusted HR = 3.4; 95% CI, 1.8-6.5) and was lower in children in the 1992 to 2003 birth cohort (adjusted HR = 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.998). Conclusions Down syndrome was not a prognostic factor. Our findings might be helpful in assessing the long-term prognosis of infants with AVSD. (J Pediatr 2010; 156: 994-1000). C1 [Miller, Assia; Siffel, Csaba; Lu, Chengxing; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Frias, Jaime L.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Miller, Assia] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Siffel, Csaba] Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lu, Chengxing] Merck Res Labs, Upper Gwynedd, PA USA. [Frias, Jaime L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Miller, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mailstop E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amiller@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 156 IS 6 BP 994 EP 1000 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.12.013 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 599TE UT WOS:000277935400027 PM 20227717 ER PT J AU Nasrullah, M Muazzam, S AF Nasrullah, Muazzam Muazzam, Sana TI Newspaper reports: a source of surveillance for burns among women in Pakistan SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE burns; cultural practices; dowry; gender; pakistan; stove; violence ID DEATHS; FIRES AB Background Our study attempts to describe the demographics, characteristics of victims and perpetrators, and circumstances leading to burn events among females in Pakistan. Methods Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) systematically collected data on burns among women using newspaper reports from January 2004 till December 2005. We analyzed the aggregated data and estimated burn rates. Results A total of 222 burn events were reported from 2004 to 2005; complete data were not available for all variables. Adults (>= 18 years) constituted 74% (91/123) of cases with 95% (121/127) being married. Most burns were caused by bursting of stoves (34%; 64/189) or victims set-on fire (33%; n = 63/189). Burns using acids accounted for 13% (25/189). Husbands (52%; 51/98) and in-laws (23%; 23/98) were the perpetrators in known burn events. Burns were classified as accidental in half of cases (51%; 97/189) and related to domestic issues in a quarter (25%; 47/189). There were 49% of (92/189) burns that were reported as intentional. The mean annual rate of burns among women (15-64 years of age) was found to be 33 per 100 000. Conclusion Newspaper reports are good source of surveillance when information is otherwise limited. Majority of burns (51%) were classified as accidental while 49% were reported as intentional, though there is a limitation in the accuracy of reported accidental events. There is a dire need for systematic data collection and devising preventive strategies for this important public health problem that remains largely neglected in Pakistan. C1 [Nasrullah, Muazzam] W Virginia Univ, Injury Control Res Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Nasrullah, Muazzam] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Muazzam, Sana] Stanford Univ, Stanford Ctr Profess Dev, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Nasrullah, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop H-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM snasrullah@cde.gov FU HRCP FX We greatly appreciate the support, guidance and data provided by the team of HRCP especially Saira Ansari, the HRCP Information Officer and Naveera Khan, the HRCP Database Officer. We would like to thank in particular Mr. I. A. Rehman, country director HRCP without the support and encouragement of whom this manuscript was impossible. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1741-3842 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH-UK JI J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 32 IS 2 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1093/pubmed/fdp102 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 616XX UT WOS:000279245900018 PM 19892782 ER PT J AU Anderson, L Martin, NR Burdick, A Flynn, RT Blaney, DD AF Anderson, Ludmila Martin, Nancy R. Burdick, Arnie Flynn, Regina T. Blaney, David D. TI Oral health status of New Hampshire Head Start children, 2007-2008 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE Head Start; low income; maxillary anterior caries; tooth decay; dental caries ID DENTAL-CARE; ACCESS; DISPARITIES AB Objectives: We report on the baseline prevalence and severity of dental caries of children enrolled in the New Hampshire Head Start program during the 2007-2008 school year. Methods: We selected a random cluster sample of 607 children aged 3-5 years attending 27 Head Start centers across the state. Four volunteer dentists provided oral examinations and determined the presence of untreated dental caries, caries experience, and treatment urgency. Results: Overall, 40 percent of the participating children had experienced dental caries, and 31 percent had at least one untreated decayed tooth. Approximately 22 percent of the children had evidence of maxillary anterior caries, 23 percent were in need of dental care, and < 1 percent needed urgent care. Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries is comparable with that reported by Head Start programs elsewhere. The prevalence of caries affecting maxillary anterior teeth is higher. Further studies should examine state-specific barriers to dental care among this population. C1 [Anderson, Ludmila; Martin, Nancy R.; Flynn, Regina T.; Blaney, David D.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Anderson, Ludmila] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Blaney, David D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anderson, L (reprint author), New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth Serv, 29 Hazen Dr, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM landerson@dhhs.state.nh.us FU Northeast Delta Dental Foundation FX We thank dentists James Dickerson, DMD, Douglas Johnson, DMD, and Sarah Finne, DMD, for their volunteer efforts that contributed to the success of this survey; the 19 dental hygienists who donated survey assistance at Head Start programs in their region; and all of the staff and volunteers of New Hampshire Head Start who made this survey possible. We also thank the Northeast Delta Dental Foundation for their financial support for the project. Special thanks to Jason Stull, VMD, and Jose Montero, MD (NH DHHS), for the valuable recommendations and ongoing project support. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI PORTLAND PA 3760 SW LYLE COURT, PORTLAND, OR 97221 USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD SUM PY 2010 VL 70 IS 3 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2009.00161.x PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 646NR UT WOS:000281549700012 PM 20149064 ER PT J AU Sayre, EC Jordan, JM Cibere, J Murphy, L Schwartz, TA Helmick, CG Renner, JB Rahman, MM Aghajanian, J Kang, WQ Badley, EM Kopec, JA AF Sayre, Eric C. Jordan, Joanne M. Cibere, Jolanda Murphy, Louise Schwartz, Todd A. Helmick, Charles G. Renner, Jordan B. Rahman, M. Mushfiqur Aghajanian, Jaafar Kang, Weiqun Badley, Elizabeth M. Kopec, Jacek A. TI Quantifying the Association of Radiographic Osteoarthritis in Knee or Hip Joints with Other Knees or Hips: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE POLYARTHRITIS; KELLGREN-LAWRENCE GRADE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; CONTRALATERAL; KNEE; HIP ID UNITED-STATES; ARTHRITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; DISEASE AB Objective. To quantify the association of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in one knee or hip joint with other knee or hip joints. Methods. We analyzed baseline data from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project (n = 3068). We fit 4 models for left/right knee/hip. The Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) radiographic grade severity scale was KL 0/1 (no/questionable ROA), 2 (mild ROA), or 3/4 (moderate/severe ROA). We estimated associations between KL grade in contralateral joints and other joint sites (e.g.., worst hip in knee models), adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity (African American/white), age, and measured body mass index, using cumulative odds logistic regression models. Interactions were investigated: race/ethnicity by sex; race/ethnicity and sex by the 2 explanatory variables. Results. Contra lateral joint KL grade was strongly associated with KL grade, with OR ranging from 9.2 (95% CI 7.1, 11.9) to 225.0 (95% CI 83.6, 605.7). In the left knee model, the contralateral joint association was stronger among African Americans than whites, but for the other models the associations by race/ethnicity were identical. Models examining other joint sites showed weaker but mostly statistically significant associations (OR 1.4 to 1.8). Conclusion. We found a strong multivariable-adjusted association between KL grades in contralateral knees and hips, and a modest association with the other joint site (e.g., knees vs hips). These results suggest that diagnosis of ROA in 1 large joint may be a marker for risk of multijoint ROA, and warrant interventions to reduce the incidence or severity of ROA at these other joints. (First Release April 15 2010; J Rheumatol 2010;37:1260-5; doi:10.3899/jrheum.091154) C1 [Sayre, Eric C.; Cibere, Jolanda; Rahman, M. Mushfiqur; Aghajanian, Jaafar; Kang, Weiqun; Kopec, Jacek A.] Arthrit Res Ctr Canada, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L7, Canada. [Sayre, Eric C.; Kopec, Jacek A.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Sayre, Eric C.; Cibere, Jolanda] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Badley, Elizabeth M.] Univ Toronto, Arthrit Community Res & Evaluat Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Renner, Jordan B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Murphy, Louise; Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sayre, EC (reprint author), Arthrit Res Ctr Canada, 895 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L7, Canada. EM esayre@arthritisresearch.ca RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [S043, S3486] FX Supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; and by the Association of Schools of Public Health S043 and S3486 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1260 EP 1265 DI 10.3899/jrheum.091154 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 616FO UT WOS:000279194600029 PM 20395646 ER PT J AU Sutton, M Anthony, MN Vila, C McLellan-Lemal, E Weidle, PJ AF Sutton, Madeline Anthony, Monique-Nicole Vila, Christie McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor Weidle, Paul J. TI HIV Testing and HIV/AIDS Treatment Services in Rural Counties in 10 Southern States: Service Provider Perspectives SO JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Access to care; health disparities; health services research; rural South; HIV; AIDS services ID UNITED-STATES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; DEEP SOUTH; CARE; AREAS; AIDS; INFECTION; MIGRATION; DIAGNOSIS; NETWORKS AB Context: Forty percent of AIDS cases are reported in the southern United States, the region with the largest proportion of HIV/AIDS cases from rural areas. Data are limited regarding provider perspectives of the accessibility and availability of HIV testing and treatment services in southern rural counties. Purpose: We surveyed providers in the rural south to better understand: (1) the accessibility and availability, and (2) the facilitators and barriers of HIV testing and treatment services. Methods: All county health departments (N = 326) serving populations of < 50,000 persons, within 10 southern states, were mailed surveys. Responding health departments identified up to 3 HIV testing sites and up to 3 HIV treatment sites to which they refer clients. Findings: Overall, 243 of 326 (75%) health departments, 133 of 250 (53%) HIV testing sites, and 73 of 152 (48%) HIV treatment sites responded to the surveys. The number of testing sites per county ranged from 0 to 20; the number of treatment sites ranged from 0 to 4. An average distance of 50 miles for clients to travel for HIV treatment was reported by health department respondents as a barrier. Facilitators of HIV testing were (1) integrating HIV testing into other health services; (2) using rapid HIV testing; and (3) establishing easily accessible HIV testing locations and free testing services. Conclusion: Providers perceive that distance from local health departments to HIV treatment sites presents a barrier to HIV care for their clients. Future studies should ascertain clients' perspectives to ensure appropriate service provisions. C1 [Sutton, Madeline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anthony, Monique-Nicole] Northrop Grumman Corp, Informat Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vila, Christie] Florida Int Univ, Stempel Sch Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Sutton, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov OI McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor/0000-0002-1884-9315 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0890-765X J9 J RURAL HEALTH JI J. Rural Health PD SUM PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 240 EP 247 DI 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00284.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 621VV UT WOS:000279614100006 PM 20633092 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Powers, JR Pan, CS Boehler, B AF Harris, James R. Powers, John R., Jr. Pan, Christopher S. Boehler, Brad TI Fall arrest characteristics of a scissor lift SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Scissor lift; Aerial lift; Fall arrest AB Problem: Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) data indicate 306 aerial lift fatalities between 1992-2003. Seventy-eight of these fatalities specifically involved scissor lifts. Members of standards committees have requested that NIOSH conduct research to determine the effects of safety-control practices related to using fall-protection systems for scissor lifts. Method: This research examined the structural and dynamic stability of a scissor lift subjected to fall arrest forces. This was accomplished by conducting drop tests from a scissor lift. Anchorage locations evaluated included manufacturer-supplied anchorage points on the scissor lift platform as well as mid-rail and top-rail locations. Results: Preliminary drop tests determined that a 2400 lb maximum arrest force (MAF) could be generated by dropping 169 lb through a fall height of 36 '' using Nystron (R) rope as a lanyard. The scissor lift maintained structural and dynamic stability for all drop tests when fully extended and on an incline. Discussion: Anchoring a fall arrest system to either the mid-rail or top-rail is not a recommended practice by the scissor lift manufacturer. Anchor points are provided on the platform floor of the scissor lift for this purpose. However, our results demonstrate that the mid-rail and top-rail absorb substantial energy from an arrested fall and may have potential as appropriate anchorage points. Impact to Industry: Employers and workers should consider implementing fall arrest systems when using scissor lifts as part of their overall risk mitigation plan for fall injury prevention. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Harris, James R.; Powers, John R., Jr.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DSR, Protect Technol Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Boehler, Brad] Skyjack Inc, Guelph, ON, Canada. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DSR, Protect Technol Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS G800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM JHarris@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 3 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2010.01.004 PG 8 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 628KR UT WOS:000280119100006 PM 20630272 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Smith, AM Wheeler, LS McManus, T AF Jones, Sherry Everett Smith, Alisa M. Wheeler, Lani S. McManus, Tim TI School Policies and Practices That Improve Indoor Air Quality* SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE environmental health; child and adolescent health and health policy ID HEALTH POLICIES; PROGRAMS AB METHODS: This study analyzed school-level data from the 2006 School Health Policies and Programs Study, a national study of school health programs and policies at the state, district, and school levels. Using chi-square analyses, the rates of policies and practices that promote indoor air quality were compared between schools with and schools without a formal indoor air quality program. RESULTS: The findings of this study show that 51.4% of schools had a formal indoor air quality management program, and that those schools were significantly more likely than were schools without a program to have policies and use strategies to promote superior indoor air quality. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that schools with a formal indoor air quality program are more likely support policies and engage in practices that promote superior indoor air quality. C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett; McManus, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30041 USA. [Smith, Alisa M.; Wheeler, Lani S.] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Indoor Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,MS K33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov; smith.alisa@epa.gov; lswheeler@aap.net; TMcManus@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 80 IS 6 BP 280 EP 286 PG 7 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 596UO UT WOS:000277711200003 ER PT J AU Denniston, M Brener, N AF Denniston, Maxine Brener, Nancy TI A Comparison of Mail and Telephone Administration of District-Level Questionnaires for the School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) 2006: Effects on Estimates and Data Quality SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE mixed-mode; health policy; data quality; school health programs ID DRUG-USE DATA; COLLECTING ALCOHOL; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; NATIONAL SURVEY; INTERVIEW MODE; WEB; DRINKING; RESPONSES; INTERNET; STUDENTS AB METHODS: SHPPS 2006 used 1-stage stratified cluster sampling to select a nationally representative sample of public school districts. Personnel in about half of the 538 responding districts completed paper questionnaires and returned them via mail. Analyses were performed comparing data quality and prevalence estimates for mail and telephone administration. RESULTS: Prevalence estimates for only 7.0% (39) of 554 questions tested across the 7 questionnaires differed significantly by response mode at the p < .01 level. Regarding data quality, use of the "don't know" response was higher for telephone administration. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that SHPPS 2006 successfully used a mixed-mode approach, allowing the data to be used without concern about the mixed-mode administration. The results may also be useful to other researchers interested in using surveys to collect data on schools or school districts or other data that is not person level. C1 [Denniston, Maxine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brener, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Denniston, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmd1@cdc.gov; nad1@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 80 IS 6 BP 304 EP 311 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 596UO UT WOS:000277711200006 PM 20573143 ER PT J AU Godsey, MS Burkhalter, K Delorey, M Savage, HM AF Godsey, Marvin S., Jr. Burkhalter, Kristen Delorey, Mark Savage, Harry M. TI SEASONALITY AND TIME OF HOST-SEEKING ACTIVITY OF CULEX TARSALIS AND FLOODWATER AEDES IN NORTHERN COLORADO, 2006-2007 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Culex tarsalis; floodwater Aedes; seasonality; host seeking; control ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; SQUIRRELS SCIURUS-NIGER; VIREMIAS SUFFICIENT; FEEDING PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; FRONT RANGE; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; CALIFORNIA AB Effective and economical control of adult vector and pest mosquitoes requires knowledge of their seasonal abundance and host-seeking activity patterns. We conducted research in 2006-2007 to study these variables for Culex tarsalis, Aedes vexans, Ae. melanimon, and Ae. dorsalis in Larimer County, CO. Mosquitoes were collected with traps that segregated catches in 7 consecutive 2-h intervals initiating at 1730 h at 4 sites. Seasonal abundance varied for all species by site and year. Time of host-seeking activity was consistent for all species by site and year. Culex tarsalis counts were significantly higher 1.2-4.5 h after sunset than during the preceding time intervals. Maximum host-seeking activity of the 3 Aedes species occurred from 0.8 h before sunset to 6.5 h after. Host seeking by all species continued throughout the night. For optimal control of Cx. tarsalis adulticide application should start approximately 1 h after sunset, and control of Aedes species should begin soon after sunset, and for all species applications can continue throughout most of the night. C1 [Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.; Burkhalter, Kristen; Delorey, Mark; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Godsey, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 26 IS 2 BP 148 EP 159 DI 10.2987/09-5966.1 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 618AA UT WOS:000279322100004 PM 20649124 ER PT J AU Ahn, KW Chan, KS Bai, Y Kosoy, M AF Ahn, Kwang Woo Chan, Kung-Sik Bai, Ying Kosoy, Michael TI Bayesian Inference With Incomplete Multinomial Data: A Problem in Pathogen Diversity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Bayes factor; Dirichlet distribution; Pathogen diversity; Shannon's entropy; Spatial epidemiology ID INFECTIONS; COMMUNITY; ENTROPY; SAMPLE; INDEX AB With recent advances in genetic analysis, it has become feasible to classify a pathogen into genetically distinct variants even though they apparently cause an infected subject similar symptoms. The availability of such data opens up the interesting problem of studying the spatiotemporal variation in the diversity of variants of a pathogen. Data on pathogen variants often suffer the problems of (i) low cell counts, (ii) incomplete classification due to laboratory problems (e.g., contamination), and (iii) unseen variants. Shannon's entropy may be used as a measure of variant diversity. A Bayesian approach can be used to deal with the problems of low cell counts and unseen variants. Bayesian analysis of incomplete multinomial data may be carried out by Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. However, for pathogen-variant data, there often is only one source of missingness-namely, some subjects are known to be infected by some unidentified pathogen variant. We point out that for incomplete data with disjoint sources of missingness, Bayesian analysis can be done more efficiently using an iid sampling scheme from the posterior distribution. We illustrate the method by analyzing a data set on the prevalence of bartonella infection among individual colonies of prairie dogs at the study site in Colorado between 2003 and 2006. We compare the result from the proposed Monte Carlo method with the results from other methods, including a model that entertains within-variant spatial correlation but no between-variant spatial correlation. This article has supplementary material online. C1 [Ahn, Kwang Woo] Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Biostat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Chan, Kung-Sik] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Bai, Ying; Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Ahn, KW (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Biostat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM kwooahn@mcw.edu; kung-sik-chan@uiowa.edu; bby5@cdc.gov; mck3@cdc.gov FU National Science Foundation/National Institutes of Health [DEB-0224328]; National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) [R-82909101-0]; National Science Foundation [CMG-0620789] FX Kwang Woo Ahn is Assistant Professor, Division of Biostatistics. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 (E-mail: kwooahn@mcw.edu). Kung-Sik Chan is Professor, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 (E-mail: kung-sik-chan@uiowa.edu). Ying Bai is Researcher, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CO 80521 (E-mail: bby5@cdc.gov). Michael Kosoy is Researcher, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CO 80521 (E-mail: mck3@cdc.gov). The authors gratefully acknowledge Sharon Collinge of Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, and all field crews for trapping and collecting blood samples. The field investigation and laboratory analysis was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation/National Institutes of Health joint program in Ecology of Infectious Diseases (grant DEB-0224328), the National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) STAR program of the US-EPA (grant R-82909101-0). Ahn and Chan thank the National Science Foundation (grant CMG-0620789) for partial support. The authors are grateful to the editor, Professor David Banks, and four anonymous referees for helpful comments. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 105 IS 490 BP 600 EP 611 DI 10.1198/jasa.2010.ap08397 PG 12 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 629RF UT WOS:000280216700013 ER PT J AU Unlu, I Mackay, AJ Roy, A Yates, MM Foil, LD AF Unlu, Isik Mackay, Andrew J. Roy, Alma Yates, Matt M. Foil, Lane D. TI Evidence of vertical transmission of West Nile virus in field-collected mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; mosquitoes; vertical transmission ID TRANS-OVARIAL TRANSMISSION; LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; AEDES-TRISERIATUS; TRANSOVARIAL TRANSMISSION; FEEDING PATTERNS; FLORIDA MOSQUITOS; LACROSSE VIRUS; CULEX; CALIFORNIA; SUFFICIENT AB Male and nulliparous female mosquitoes were surveyed for evidence of vertical WNV infection in East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Adult male mosquitoes collected by trapping and aspiration, and adult male and nulliparous female mosquitoes reared from field-collected larvae were tested. Adult male Culex spp., female Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and female Culex quinquifasciatus Say mosquitoes that were collected as larvae were test-positive for WNV RNA. Infectious WNV was detected using virus isolation in field-collected male Aedes triseriatus Say and Culex salinarius Coquillett; these data represent the first field evidence of vertical transmission of WNV in Ae. triseriatus and Cx. salinarius. Journal of Vector Ecology 35 (1): 95-99. 2010. C1 [Foil, Lane D.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Unlu, Isik] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA. [Mackay, Andrew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Roy, Alma] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Louisiana Anim Dis & Diagnost Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Yates, Matt M.] E Baton Rouge Parish Mosquito Abatement & Rodent, Baton Rouge, LA 70807 USA. RP Foil, LD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, 402 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. FU Louisiana Mosquito Control Association FX The authors greatly appreciate the assistance we received from Mr. M. Emre Unlu and employees of the East Baton Rouge Parish Mosquito and Rodent Control, especially Alex Folsom, Daniel Garrett, Steve Hahn, and Larry Mercier. We would like to thank Pam Stark of the Harris County Public Health and Environmental Services, Mosquito Division, for providing eggs and adults of Cx. quinquefasciatus from their colony. We also are grateful for the assistance we received from members of the Louisiana Animal Disease and Diagnostic Laboratory, especially Tarra Harden, Heather Lampinen, and Kim Bowles. This research was funded in part by a grant from the Louisiana Mosquito Control Association and is published with the approval of the Director of Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 35 IS 1 BP 95 EP 99 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 608HR UT WOS:000278574900014 PM 20618654 ER PT J AU Benedict, MQ Sandve, SR Wilkins, EE Roberts, JM AF Benedict, M. Q. Sandve, S. R. Wilkins, E. E. Roberts, J. M. TI Relationship of larval desiccation to Anopheles gambiae Giles and An. arabiensis Patton survival SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aridity; aestivation; malaria; dry season; tolerance; resistance ID WESTERN KENYA; DRY SEASON; RESISTANCE; HABITATS; COMPLEX; ACCLIMATION; PERSISTENCE; MOSQUITOS; AFRICA; SUDAN AB The relationship between mosquito 4(th) instar larval desiccation and survival to adulthood was explored by three methods in the laboratory. two colonies of Anopheles arabiensis and one of Anopheles gambiae were studied. We found significant differences in tolerance to desiccation among all three stocks suggesting an intra-and interspecific genetic component to desiccation tolerance. An. arabiensis KGB, originating from Zimbabwe about 1975, had a much-reduced desiccation tolerance compared to An. gambiae G3, colonized in the Gambia in 1975, and An. arabiensis DONGOLA which originated in Sudan in 2004. Individuals of the G3 stock survived desiccation of times up to 40 min with survival of 0.52. The degree of difference in tolerance between G3 and DONGOLA was smallest and was detected by one of three experimental methods. Mass losses of individuals that were weighed individually and survived to adulthood averaged 27% and 29% for G3 and DONGOLA and 20% for the less tolerant KGB stock, respectively. Such differences in survival in transiently dry larval habitats may account in part for differences in the distribution of these species and karyotypes. Journal of Vector Ecology 35 (1): 116-123. 2010. C1 [Benedict, M. Q.; Sandve, S. R.; Wilkins, E. E.; Roberts, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sandve, S. R.; Wilkins, E. E.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Benedict, MQ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 35 IS 1 BP 116 EP 123 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 608HR UT WOS:000278574900017 PM 20618657 ER PT J AU Hogben, M Habel, MA AF Hogben, Matthew Habel, Melissa A. TI Moving Toward Chlamydia Control in the United States SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRACHOMATIS C1 [Hogben, Matthew; Habel, Melissa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hogben, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop E-44,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhogben@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1055 EP 1057 DI 10.1089/jwh.2010.2007 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 610YB UT WOS:000278775400001 PM 20482235 ER PT J AU Windle, M Brener, N Cuccaro, P Dittus, P Kanouse, DE Murray, N Wallander, J Schuster, MA AF Windle, Michael Brener, Nancy Cuccaro, Paula Dittus, Patricia Kanouse, David E. Murray, Nancy Wallander, Jan Schuster, Mark A. TI Parenting Predictors of Early-Adolescents' Health Behaviors: Simultaneous Group Comparisons Across Sex and Ethnic Groups SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Parenting; Ethnic groups; Externalizing problems; Victimization ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN; CAUCASIAN YOUTH; SOCIAL ANXIETY; RISK BEHAVIOR; SUBSTANCE USE; DRUG-USE; ADJUSTMENT; FAMILY; CHILDREN; SOCIALIZATION AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the invariance of predictive relations across early-adolescent sex and ethnic groups regarding parenting factors and externalizing and internalizing problems and victimization. Data (n = 598; 54% female) from a triethnic (Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, and non-Hispanic black) probability sample of fifth graders collected from three sites (Birmingham, AL, Houston, TX, and Los Angeles, CA) were used in the analyses. Simultaneous group structural equation modeling supported the invariance of parenting-early adolescent outcomes across sex and ethnic groups. Parental monitoring and parental norms were relatively robust predictors of early-adolescent externalizing problems and victimization, and to a lesser extent, of internalizing problems. A maternal nurturance by parental monitoring interaction was statistically significant for all outcome behaviors, indicating that higher monitoring in conjunction with higher maternal nurturance was associated with lower levels of early-adolescent problem behaviors. The findings suggest that core parenting factors such as nurturance, monitoring, and normative expectations for early adolescent problem behaviors may serve as a foundation for parenting components of multi-component intervention studies. C1 [Windle, Michael] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brener, Nancy; Dittus, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kanouse, David E.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Cuccaro, Paula; Murray, Nancy] Univ Texas Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wallander, Jan] Univ Calif Merced, Dept Psychol, Merced, CA 95344 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Windle, M (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Rm 520, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mwindle@emory.edu; nad1@cdc.gov; Paula.M.Cuccaro@uth.tmc.edu; pdd6@cdc.gov; kanouse@rand.org; nmurray@uth.tmc.edu; jwallander@ucmerced.edu; mark.schuster@childrens.harvard.edu OI Cuccaro, Paula/0000-0002-9551-4789 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U19 DP002664, U48 DP000056, U48 DP000057] NR 53 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0047-2891 J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE JI J. Youth Adolesc. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 39 IS 6 BP 594 EP 606 DI 10.1007/s10964-009-9414-z PG 13 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 588TV UT WOS:000277097900002 PM 20422349 ER PT J AU Simsek, FM Kaynas, S Toz, SO Ozbel, Y Alten, B Chan, AST AF Simsek, Fatih Mehmet Kaynas, Sinan Toz, Seray Ozensoy Ozbel, Yusuf Alten, Bulent Chan, Adeline S. T. TI Evaluation of the VecTest (TM) Malaria Antigen Panel Assay using Anopheles sacharovi Specimens in an Endemic Area, Sanliurfa Province, Turkey SO KAFKAS UNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Plasmodium vivax; Variant 247; Turkey ID PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; INFECTED MOSQUITOS; FALCIPARUM AB In recent years, malaria is located in southeastern Anatolia of Turkey. Because of no information is available about sporozoite rates in the mosquitoes in Turkey, Anopheles (An.) sacharovi were collected in Sanliurfa province and examined by the VecTest (TM) Malaria Antigen Panel Assay, a rapid immunochromatographic assay intended for the qualitative determination of three Plasmodium circumsporozoite antigens (P. falciparum. P. vivax 210, P. vivax 247) in infected Anopheline mosquitoes. Anopheles sacharovi specimens were collected using CDC light traps in S villages belonging to Sanliurfa province in July 2004. The pools containing 10 mosquitoes were prepared and totally 390 Anopheles sacharovi females were used for the Vectest (TM). Test was performed in the field conditions just after collection. The positivity was observed only in one pool and P.vivax 247 antigen line. Infection rate was detected as 0.25% in mosquitoes. The detection of P.vivax 247 antigen in An. sacharovi is an important natural evidence of vector capacity of this species for P. vivax variant 247 in Turkey. Results were suggestive of most likely involvement of An. sacharovi in malaria transmission in Sanliurfa province. C1 [Toz, Seray Ozensoy; Ozbel, Yusuf] Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Parasitol, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. [Chan, Adeline S. T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaynas, Sinan; Alten, Bulent] Hacettepe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Simsek, Fatih Mehmet] Adnan Menderes Univ, Sci & Arts Fac, Dept Biol, TR-09010 Aydin, Turkey. RP Ozbel, Y (reprint author), Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Parasitol, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. EM yusuf.ozbel@ege.edu.tr RI Ozbel, Yusuf/Q-1609-2015 OI Ozbel, Yusuf/0000-0001-8335-1997 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI PI KARS PA KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, KARS, 36040, TURKEY SN 1300-6045 J9 KAFKAS UNIV VET FAK JI Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 SU B BP S231 EP S234 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 649US UT WOS:000281800400009 ER PT J AU Burke, R Barrera, R Lewis, M Kluchinsky, T Claborn, D AF Burke, R. Barrera, R. Lewis, M. Kluchinsky, T. Claborn, D. TI Septic tanks as larval habitats for the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in Playa-Playita, Puerto Rico SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Culex quinquefasciatus; aquatic habitats; larvae; septic tanks ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NORTH QUEENSLAND; CENTRAL NIGERIA; FUNNEL TRAP; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; ABUNDANCE; WELLS; WATER; PRODUCTIVITY AB Adult Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) were previously recovered from emergence traps on septic tanks in southeastern Puerto Rico. In this study we quantified immature mosquito abundance and its relationship with structural variables of the septic tanks and chemical properties of the water containing raw sewage. A miniaturized floating funnel trap was used to sample 89 septic tanks for larvae in the Puerto Rican community of Playa-Playita. Aedes aegypti larvae were recovered from 18% of the sampled tanks (10.3 larvae per septic tank per day). Larval presence was positively associated with cracking of the septic tank walls and uncovered access ports. Larval abundance was positively associated with cracking of the septic tank walls and larger tank surface areas, and inversely associated with the total dissolved solids (TDS). Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) larvae were also recovered from 74% of the septic tanks (129.6 larvae per septic tank per day). Larval presence was negatively associated with TDS in the water and larval abundance was positively associated with cracking of the septic tank walls. A screened, plastic emergence trap was used to sample 93 septic tanks within the community for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus adults. Aedes aegypti adults were recovered from 49% of the sampled tanks (8.7 adults per septic tank per day) and Cx. quinquefasciatus adults were recovered from 97% of the sampled tanks (155.5 adults per septic tank per day). Aedes aegypti adult presence was positively associated with cracking, uncapped openings and septic water pH. The Ae. aegypti adult counts were positively associated with cracking and inversely associated with TDS and conductivity. This study marks the first published record of the recovery of Ae. aegypti larvae from holding tanks containing raw sewage in the Caribbean region. Our study indicates that Ae. aegypti larvae are present in sewage water and that septic tanks have at least the potential to maintain dengue transmission during the dry season. C1 [Burke, R.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Burke, R.; Lewis, M.; Kluchinsky, T.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Burke, R.; Barrera, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Kluchinsky, T.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Claborn, D.] Missouri State Univ, Dept Nursing, Springfield, MO USA. RP Burke, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ronald.l.burke@amedd.army.mil FU USU Intramural Fund for Graduate Students; Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System FX We thank Major Robert Lowen, Captain Michael Drulis and Captain Richard Pierce at the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine-North (Ft. Meade, MD) for their assistance with sampling subterranean water. We thank Captain Justin Devanna and Sergeant Robert Halstead at the Veterinary Treatment Facility at Fort Buchanan (San Juan, PR) for their assistance with logistics. We also thank Dr Cara Olsen of the Uniformed Services University (USU) (Bethesda, MD) for her help with the statistics and Dr Edward Mitre of the USU (Bethesda, MD) for his help with overseeing this project. The following persons significantly contributed to the field work and sample collection: Orlando Gonzalez, Manuel Amador, Gilberto Felix, Veronica Acevedo and Jesus Flores. Funding was provided through the USU Intramural Fund for Graduate Students and the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The opinions and assertions made by the authors do not reflect the official position or opinions of the Department of Defense, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or USU. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 24 IS 2 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00864.x PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 600HI UT WOS:000277975700003 PM 20374477 ER PT J AU Cai, LM Lubitz, J Flegal, KM Pamuk, ER AF Cai, Liming Lubitz, James Flegal, Katherine M. Pamuk, Elsie R. TI The Predicted Effects of Chronic Obesity in Middle Age on Medicare Costs and Mortality SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE obesity; Medicare costs; weight change; life expectancy; survival analysis ID BODY-MASS INDEX; HEALTH-CARE EXPENDITURE; OLDER AGE; OVERWEIGHT; POPULATION; LIFE; PREVENTION; SMOKING; FUTURE; ADULTS AB Background: The prevalence of adult obesity has increased in recent decades. It is important to predict the long-term effect of body weight, and changes in body weight, in middle age on longevity and Medicare costs in older ages. Methods: The relationships between individuals' characteristics in middle age and subsequent Medicare costs and mortality were estimated from the linkage of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study to Medicare administrative records (1991-2000) and mortality information (1971-2000). We predicted longevity and lifetime Medicare costs via simulation for 45-year-old persons by body weight in 1973 and changes in body weight between 1973 and 1983. Results: Obese 45-year-olds had a smaller chance of surviving to age 65 and, if they did, incurred significantly higher average lifetime Medicare costs than normal-weight 45-year-olds ($163,000 compared with $117,000). Those who remained obese between ages 45 and 55 in 1973 to 1983 incurred significantly higher lifetime Medicare costs than those who maintained normal weight. Other weight change categories did not differ significantly from those who maintained normal weight in terms of life expectancy at age 65, but overweight and obese people who lost weight had less chance of surviving to age 65 and the lowest estimated life expectancies thereafter. Conclusions: Chronic obesity in middle age increases lifetime Medicare costs relative to those who remained normal weight. As the survival of obese persons improves, it is possible that Medicare costs may rise substantially in the future to meet the health care needs of today's obese middle-aged population. Thus, active engagement by both the private and public sectors to prevent and to reduce obesity are critically needed. C1 [Cai, Liming; Lubitz, James; Flegal, Katherine M.; Pamuk, Elsie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Eastsound, WA USA. RP Cai, LM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6330, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lcai@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 38 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 BP 510 EP 517 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181dbdb20 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603ER UT WOS:000278191900004 PM 20473195 ER PT J AU Platt, R Takvorian, SU Septimus, E Hickok, J Moody, J Perlin, J Jernigan, JA Kleinman, K Huang, SS AF Platt, Richard Takvorian, Samuel U. Septimus, Edward Hickok, Jason Moody, Julia Perlin, Jonathan Jernigan, John A. Kleinman, Ken Huang, Susan S. TI Cluster Randomized Trials in Comparative Effectiveness Research Randomizing Hospitals to Test Methods for Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Clinical and Comparative Effectiveness Research Methods II CY JUN 01-02, 2009 CL Rockville, MD SP Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual DE cluster randomization; comparative effectiveness; MRSA prevention ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; CONTACT ISOLATION; INTRANASAL MUPIROCIN; INFECTION-CONTROL; CHLORHEXIDINE; COLONIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; UNIT AB Background: The need for evidence about the effectiveness of therapeutics and other medical practices has triggered new interest in methods for comparative effectiveness research. Objective: Describe an approach to comparative effectiveness research involving cluster randomized trials in networks of hospitals, health plans, or medical practices with centralized administrative and informatics capabilities. Research Design: We discuss the example of an ongoing cluster randomized trial to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in intensive care units (ICUs). The trial randomizes 45 hospitals to: ( a) screening cultures of ICU admissions, followed by Contact Precautions if MRSA-positive, (b) screening cultures of ICU admissions followed by decolonization if MRSA- positive, or ( c) universal decolonization of ICU admissions without screening. Subjects: All admissions to adult ICUs. Measures: The primary outcome is MRSA- positive clinical cultures occurring >= 2 days following ICU admission. Secondary outcomes include blood and urine infection caused by MRSA ( and, separately, all pathogens), as well as the development of resistance to decolonizing agents. Results: Recruitment of hospitals is complete. Data collection will end in Summer 2011. Conclusions: This trial takes advantage of existing personnel, procedures, infrastructure, and information systems in a large integrated hospital network to conduct a low-cost evaluation of prevention strategies under usual practice conditions. This approach is applicable to many comparative effectiveness topics in both inpatient and ambulatory settings. C1 [Platt, Richard; Takvorian, Samuel U.; Kleinman, Ken] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Platt, Richard; Takvorian, Samuel U.; Kleinman, Ken] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Septimus, Edward; Hickok, Jason; Moody, Julia; Perlin, Jonathan] Hosp Corp Amer, Nashville, TN USA. [Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Huang, Susan S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Huang, Susan S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Hlth Policy Res Inst, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Platt, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM richard_platt@harvard.edu FU NCPDCID CDC HHS [U01CI000344] NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 2010 VL 48 IS 6 SU 1 BP S52 EP S57 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181dbebcf PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 603SG UT WOS:000278227800010 PM 20473200 ER PT J AU Wong, MR Reddy, V Hanson, H Johnson, KM Tsoi, B Cokes, C Gallagher, L Lee, L Plentsova, A Dang, T Krueger, A Joyce, K Balter, S AF Wong, Melissa R. Reddy, Vasudha Hanson, Heather Johnson, Kristen M. Tsoi, Benjamin Cokes, Carolyn Gallagher, Lauren Lee, Lillian Plentsova, Anna Dang, Thoa Krueger, Amy Joyce, Kevin Balter, Sharon TI Antimicrobial Resistance Trends of Shigella Serotypes in New York City, 2006-2009 SO MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TRAVELERS; CEFIXIME; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SURVEILLANCE; AZITHROMYCIN; ANTIBIOTICS; CONSUMPTION; SPECTRUM; OUTBREAK AB Shigellosis is the third most common enteric bacterial infection in the United States. Although infection is typically self-limiting, empiric treatment is often prescribed. Because of increasing antimicrobial resistance to Shigella, empiric treatment options are decreasing. Identifying resistance patterns can inform empiric treatment recommendations. The goals of our study were to examine risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance of Shigella and examine issues related to empiric treatment and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella. During June 2006-February 2009, we attempted to interview all New York City patients reported to have shigellosis. Their Shigella isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to examine the level of resistance and identify risk factors for resistance. Analysis was conducted on two groups distinguished by a large outbreak that was documented during the data collection period. Of the 477 nonoutbreak patients, 333 (70%) patients reported taking an antibiotic for shigellosis and 36 (11%) were treated with an antibiotic to which their Shigella infection was resistant. Among this group, high levels of antimicrobial resistance were detected to amoxicillin-clavulanate (66%), ampicillin (68%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66%). Non-travel-associated ciprofloxacin-resistant Shigella (five patients) and ciprofloxacin-resistant Shigella sonnei (four patients) were reported for the first time to our knowledge. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher in New York City residents compared with national data. Some patients were treated with therapies that were not effective and to which the patient's Shigella infection was resistant. Shigella infections should not be treated with antibiotics unless the patient presents with severe or underlying illness and is at risk for systemic illness. When treatment is indicated, local monitoring of Shigella for antimicrobial resistance will provide local clinicians with the best guidance for effective empiric treatments. C1 [Wong, Melissa R.; Reddy, Vasudha; Hanson, Heather; Johnson, Kristen M.; Tsoi, Benjamin; Cokes, Carolyn; Gallagher, Lauren; Lee, Lillian; Plentsova, Anna; Dang, Thoa; Balter, Sharon] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Wong, Melissa R.; Johnson, Kristen M.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Krueger, Amy; Joyce, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reddy, V (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, 125 Worth St,CN 22A,Room 218, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM vreddy@yahoo.com NR 24 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1076-6294 J9 MICROB DRUG RESIST JI Microb. Drug Resist. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 16 IS 2 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1089/mdr.2009.0130 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 609IQ UT WOS:000278650200011 PM 20438349 ER PT J AU Teten, AL Miller, LA Stanford, MS Petersen, NJ Bailey, SD Collins, RL Dunn, NJ Kent, TA AF Teten, Andra L. Miller, Lisa A. Stanford, Matthew S. Petersen, Nancy J. Bailey, Sara D. Collins, Robert L. Dunn, Nancy Jo Kent, Thomas A. TI Characterizing Aggression and Its Association to Anger and Hostility Among Male Veterans With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMPULSIVE AGGRESSION; PREMEDITATED AGGRESSION; PROACTIVE AGGRESSION; COMBAT VETERANS; WAR VETERANS; BEHAVIOR; PHENYTOIN; METAANALYSIS; INDIVIDUALS; ADOLESCENTS AB Objectives: The basis for the associations among anger, hostility, aggressive behavior, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains unclear. We suggest classifying aggressive behavior may elucidate the associations among these factors. On the basis of diagnostic and neurobiological similarities between impulsive aggression (IA) and PTSD, we proposed that IA was the predominant form of aggression in PTSD and that anger and hostility would not significantly predict PTSD when IA was also included as a predictor. Methods: We used cross-sectional self-report data obtained from two samples of male veterans (N = 136). Results: Over 70% of veterans with PTSD reported IA compared to 29% of those without PTSD. IA, not anger, hostility, or premeditated aggression significantly predicted a diagnosis of PTSD. Conclusions: Associations between anger and PTSD may be unique to individuals with IA, and considering impulsive and premeditated aggressors separately may account for the heterogeneity found within samples of aggressive veterans with PTSD. C1 [Petersen, Nancy J.] Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Hlth Sci Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Stanford, Matthew S.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Teten, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Kent, Thomas/0000-0002-9877-7584 FU Office of Academic Affiliations; VA Special MIRECC Fellowship Program in Advanced Psychiatry and Psychology; Department of Veterans Affairs; South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Houston VA HSR&D Center of Excellence [HFP90-020] FX We thank Sparkle Hamilton for her assistance in data collection for Study 2. Andra Teten is now with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These data were collected before joining the CDC. This research was supported by the Office of Academic Affiliations, VA Special MIRECC Fellowship Program in Advanced Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Veterans Affairs and by a pilot grant and other support from South Central Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center. This work was supported in part by the Houston VA HSR&D Center of Excellence (HFP90-020). NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 175 IS 6 BP 405 EP 410 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 607FS UT WOS:000278485100007 PM 20572472 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Joseph, LA McCroskey, LM Luquez, C Maslanka, SE AF Raphael, Brian H. Joseph, Lavin A. McCroskey, Loretta M. Luquez, Carolina Maslanka, Susan E. TI Detection and differentiation of Clostridium botulinum type A strains using a focused DNA microarray SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Comparative genomic hybridization; Detection; Subtyping; Toxin subtype ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GROUP-I; GENE CLUSTERS; NONPROTEOLYTIC STRAINS; INFANT BOTULISM; NEUROTOXIN; SEQUENCE; DIVERSITY; SEROTYPE; PCR AB A focused oligonucleotide microarray featuring 62 probes targeting strain variable regions of the Clostridium botulinum strain ATCC 3502 genome sequence was developed to differentiate C botulinum type A strains. The strain variable regions were selected from deletions identified among a panel of 10 type A strains compared to the strain ATCC 3502 genome sequence using high density comparative genomic hybridization microarrays. The focused microarray also featured specific probes for the detection of the neurotoxin genes of various serotypes (A-G), toxin gene cluster components (ha70 and orfX1), and fldB as a marker for proteolytic clostridia (Group 1). Eight pairs of strains selected from separate type A botulism outbreaks were included in the 27 subtype A1-A4 strains examined in this study. Each outbreak related strain pair consisted of strains isolated from different sources (stool and food). Of the eight outbreak related strain pairs, six groups of strains with indistinguishable hybridization patterns were identified. Outbreak related strains were shown to have identical hybridization patterns. Strain pairs from three separate outbreaks involving strains harboring both the type A neurotoxin gene (bont/A) and an unexpressed type B neurotoxin gene (bont/B) shared the same probe hybridization profile. The focused microarray format provides a rapid approach for neurotoxin gene detection and preliminary determination of the relatedness of strains isolated from different sources. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Joseph, Lavin A.; McCroskey, Loretta M.; Luquez, Carolina; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd MS G-29, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM elx9@cdc.gov RI luquez, carolina/C-4352-2011; OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX We thank Robin Scarborough (CDC) for assistance with microarray probe design and Sarah Meno (CDC) for assistance with strain characterization. DNA sequencing was performed at the Division of Foodborne, Bacterial, and Mycotic Diseases Genomics Unit (CDC). This publication was supported by funds made available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN PY 2010 VL 24 IS 3 BP 146 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.12.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 592ZJ UT WOS:000277420200006 PM 20056143 ER PT J AU Berglund, EC Ellegaard, K Granberg, F Xie, ZP Maruyama, S Kosoy, MY Birtles, RJ Andersson, SGE AF Berglund, Eva C. Ellegaard, Kirsten Granberg, Fredrik Xie, Zhoupeng Maruyama, Soichi Kosoy, Michael Y. Birtles, Richard J. Andersson, Siv G. E. TI Rapid diversification by recombination in Bartonella grahamii from wild rodents in Asia contrasts with low levels of genomic divergence in Northern Europe and America SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella grahamii; population structure; phylogeography; recombination ID IV SECRETION SYSTEM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NATURAL-POPULATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SMALL MAMMALS; BANK VOLES; HENSELAE; INFECTION; QUINTANA; EVOLUTIONARY AB Bartonella is a genus of vector-borne bacteria that infect the red blood cells of mammals, and includes several human-specific and zoonotic pathogens. Bartonella grahamii has a wide host range and is one of the most prevalent Bartonella species in wild rodents. We studied the population structure, genome content and genome plasticity of a collection of 26 B. grahamii isolates from 11 species of wild rodents in seven countries. We found strong geographic patterns, high recombination frequencies and large variations in genome size in B. grahamii compared with previously analysed cat- and human-associated Bartonella species. The extent of sequence divergence in B. grahamii populations was markedly lower in Europe and North America than in Asia, and several recombination events were predicted between the Asian strains. We discuss environmental and demographic factors that may underlie the observed differences. C1 [Berglund, Eva C.; Ellegaard, Kirsten; Granberg, Fredrik; Xie, Zhoupeng; Andersson, Siv G. E.] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Mol Evolut, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Maruyama, Soichi] Nihon Univ, Coll Bioresource Sci, Lab Vet Publ Hlth, Kanagawa 2520880, Japan. [Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Birtles, Richard J.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Vet Sci, Infect Biol Grp, Neston CH64 7TE, Cheshire, England. RP Andersson, SGE (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Mol Evolut, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. EM siv.andersson@ebc.uu.se RI Granberg, Fredrik/F-2325-2014; OI Granberg, Fredrik/0000-0001-5497-9611; Ellegaard, Kirsten/0000-0003-1093-1645 FU Swedish Research Council; Goran Gustafsson Foundation; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation FX We thank Annelie Walden, Max Kaller and Anna Westring at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden for microarray printing, Kristina Naslund at Uppsala University, Sweden, for sequencing and Bjorn Nystedt and Lisa Klasson for helpful discussions. This study was supported by grants to S.G.E.A. from the Swedish Research Council, the Goran Gustafsson Foundation, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. NR 63 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2241 EP 2255 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04646.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 600HE UT WOS:000277975300006 PM 20465583 ER PT J AU Smith, SM Steinau, M Trick, HN Hulbert, SH AF Smith, Shavannor M. Steinau, Martin Trick, Harold N. Hulbert, Scot H. TI Recombinant Rp1 genes confer necrotic or nonspecific resistance phenotypes SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Rp1; Recombination; Nonspecific resistance; Spontaneous necrotic phenotype; Hypersensitive response; Ectopically activated disease resistance gene ID TRANSGENIC MAIZE PLANTS; NBS-LRR PROTEINS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; CELL-DEATH; DEFENSE RESPONSES; STRIPE RUST; WHEAT; EXPRESSION; MUTANTS; BINDING AB Genes at the Rp1 rust resistance locus of maize confer race-specific resistance to the common rust fungus Puccinia sorghi. Three variant genes with nonspecific effects (HRp1 -Kr1N, -D*21 and -MD*19) were found to be generated by intragenic crossing over within the LRR region. The LRR region of most NBS-LRR encoding genes is quite variable and codes for one of the regions in resistance gene proteins that controls specificity. Sequence comparisons demonstrated that the Rp1-Kr1N recombinant gene was identical to the N-terminus of the rp1-kp2 gene and C-terminus of another gene from its HRp1-K grandparent. The Rp1-D*21 recombinant gene consists of the N-terminus of the rp1-dp2 gene and C-terminus of the Rp1-D gene from the parental haplotype. Similarly, a recombinant gene from the Rp1-MD*19 haplotype has the N-terminus of an rp1 gene from the HRp1-M parent and C-terminus of the rp1-D19 gene from the HRp1-D parent. The recombinant Rp1 -Kr1N, -D*21 and -MD*19 genes activated defense responses in the absence of their AVR proteins triggering HR (hypersensitive response) in the absence of the pathogen. The results indicate that the frequent intragenic recombination events that occur in the Rp1 gene cluster not only recombine the genes into novel haplotypes, but also create genes with nonspecific effects. Some of these may contribute to nonspecific quantitative resistance but others have severe consequences for the fitness of the plant. C1 [Hulbert, Scot H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, Shavannor M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Steinau, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Trick, Harold N.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Hulbert, SH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 307 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM shavs@uga.edu; MSteinau@cdc.gov; hnt@ksu.edu; scot_hulbert@wsu.edu OI Trick, Harold/0000-0001-5255-5575 FU US Department of Agriculture-National Research Institute [2001-35319-10014]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0090883] FX We thank Julie Essig and Dr. Marcy Main for technical assistance. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture-National Research Institute (Grant 2001-35319-10014) and National Science Foundation (grant MCB-0090883). This article is contribution no. 09-293-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JUN PY 2010 VL 283 IS 6 BP 591 EP 602 DI 10.1007/s00438-010-0536-5 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 597VG UT WOS:000277789700007 PM 20443026 ER PT J AU Zhang, D Hu, XM Qian, L O'Callaghan, JP Hong, JS AF Zhang, Dan Hu, Xiaoming Qian, Li O'Callaghan, James P. Hong, Jau-Shyong TI Astrogliosis in CNS Pathologies: Is There A Role for Microglia? SO MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Astrocyte; GFAP; Astrogliosis; Microglia; Cytokine ID FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; FACTOR-ALPHA; REACTIVE ASTROGLIOSIS; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AB Astrogliosis, a cellular reaction with specific structural and functional characteristics, represents a remarkably homotypic response of astrocytes to all kinds of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. Astrocytes play diverse functions in the brain, both harmful and beneficial. Mounting evidence indicates that astrogliosis is an underlying component of a diverse range of diseases and associated neuropathologies. The mechanisms that lead to astrogliosis are not fully understood, nevertheless, damaged neurons have long been reported to induce astrogliosis and astrogliosis has been used as an index for underlying neuronal damage. As the predominant source of proinflammatory factors in the CNS, microglia are readily activated under certain pathological conditions. An increasing body of evidence suggests that release of cytokines and other soluble products by activated microglia can significantly influence the subsequent development of astrogliosis and scar formation in CNS. It is well known that damaged neurons activate microglia very quickly, therefore, it is possible that activated microglia contribute factors/mediators through which damaged neuron induce astrogliosis. The hypothesis that activated microglia initiate and maintain astrogliosis suggests that suppression of microglial overactivation might effectively attenuate reactive astrogliosis. Development of targeted anti-microglial activation therapies might slow or halt the progression of astrogliosis and, therefore, help achieve a more beneficial environment in various CNS pathologies. C1 [Zhang, Dan; Hu, Xiaoming; Qian, Li; Hong, Jau-Shyong] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hu, Xiaoming] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Hu, Xiaoming] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurodegenerat Dis, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Qian, Li] Univ N Carolina, Comprehens Ctr Inflammatory Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [O'Callaghan, James P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Zhang, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM zhangd2@niehs.nih.gov RI O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES090082-12, ZIA ES090082-13] NR 109 TC 116 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 14 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0893-7648 J9 MOL NEUROBIOL JI Mol. Neurobiol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 41 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.1007/s12035-010-8098-4 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 601WI UT WOS:000278095800018 PM 20148316 ER PT J AU Carroll, SA Bird, BH Rollin, PE Nichol, ST AF Carroll, Serena A. Bird, Brian H. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Ancient common ancestry of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; CCHF; Bunyaviridae; Molecular evolution; Bayesian; Coalescent ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; RNA SEGMENTS; OUTBREAK; PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; AFRICA; FLAVIVIRUSES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; REASSORTMENT AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne RNA virus responsible for outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. Although CCHF was first detected in the 1940s, high levels of genomic diversity argue against a recent origin. Here, Bayesian coalescent analyses were used to estimate the rate of evolution and relative age of the virus. A total of 43 S. 34 M, and 23 L segment sequences from samples collected between 1956 and 2005 were analyzed from across the broad geographic range of the virus. Using a relaxed molecular clock model, nucleotide substitutions were estimated to have occurred at a rate of 1.09 x 10(-4), 1.52 x 10(-4), and 0.58 x 10(-4) substitutions/site/year for the S. M, and L segments, respectively. The most recent common ancestor of the viruses existed approximately 3100-3500 years before present, or around 1500-1100 BC. Changes in agricultural practices and climate occurring near the time of the most recent common ancestor of CCHFV may have contributed to its emergence and spread. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Carroll, Serena A.; Bird, Brian H.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM scarroll@cdc.gov; bbird1@cdc.gov; prollin@cdc.gov; snichol@cdc.gov NR 59 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1103 EP 1110 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.006 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 596YM UT WOS:000277721800027 PM 20074652 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Williamson, DF AF Flegal, Katherine M. Williamson, David F. TI Incident CHD and Excess Body Weight in the US Population SO OBESITY LA English DT Letter ID RISK C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Williamson, David F.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUN PY 2010 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1069 EP 1069 DI 10.1038/oby.2010.37 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 600RQ UT WOS:000278005300002 PM 20502453 ER PT J AU Theiler, RN Farr, SL Karon, JM Paramsothy, P Viscidi, R Duerr, A Cu-Uvin, S Sobel, J Shah, K Klein, RS Jamieson, DJ AF Theiler, Regan N. Farr, Sherry L. Karon, John M. Paramsothy, Pangaja Viscidi, Raphael Duerr, Ann Cu-Uvin, Susan Sobel, Jack Shah, Keerti Klein, Robert S. Jamieson, Denise J. TI High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Reactivation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women Risk Factors for Cervical Viral Shedding SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; CANCER AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of and estimate risk factors for reactivation of latent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected women. METHODS: Data from 898 women in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) were used to evaluate cervical HPV latency and reactivation. Prior exposure to HPV types (16, 18, 31, 35, and 45) was determined by serologic testing at enrollment, and cervical shedding of HPV was detected by polymerase chain reaction at 6-month intervals. Human papillomavirus cervical shedding and sexual history were used to estimate rates of reactivation and recurrence. Repeated measures survival analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for reactivation and recurrence. Rates of total HPV shedding (recurrence and reactivation) during follow-up were assessed by HIV status and rate ratios were calculated. RESULTS: Reactivation of latent HPV infections was observed in HIV-infected women, but few reactivation events were identified in HIV-uninfected women. Factors consistently associated with reactivation in HIV-infected women included CD4 count less than 200/mm(3) and age younger than 35 years. Women infected with HIV had 1.8 to 8.2 times higher rates of viral shedding (reactivation plus recurrence) compared with HIV-uninfected women. CONCLUSION: Women with a history of cervical HPV infection may be at risk of reactivation of latent viral infection even in the absence of sexual activity, and this risk is higher in women with HIV infection. (Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115: 1150-8) C1 [Theiler, Regan N.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Emergint Corp, Louisville, KY USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Brown Med Sch, Providence, RI USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. RP Theiler, RN (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 301 Univ Ave, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. EM rntheile@utmb.edu OI Theiler, Regan/0000-0002-3412-3653 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, U64/CCU506831]; Centers for Disease Control (CDC); NIH FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreements U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, and U64/CCU506831).; John M. Karon received consulting fee or honorarium from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC); received money from the CDC for being the consulting statistician for this article, as well as payment for writing or reviewing the manuscript; is a consultant to the CDC-statistician on other projects; received travel or accommodation reimbursements from the CDC; and the author's daughter had CDC fellowship July 2007 to June 2009. Susan Cu-Uvin received a grant and support for travel for this study from the CDC, received grants or has grants pending from the NIH and CDC. Raphael Viscidi is a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline. The other authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest. NR 13 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1150 EP 1158 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e00927 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 603VD UT WOS:000278235300008 PM 20502284 ER PT J AU Goins, WP Talbot, TR Schaffner, W Edwards, KM Craig, AS Schrag, SJ Van Dyke, MK Griffin, MR AF Goins, William P. Talbot, Thomas R. Schaffner, William Edwards, Kathryn M. Craig, Allen S. Schrag, Stephanie J. Van Dyke, Melissa K. Griffin, Marie R. TI Adherence to Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Prevention Guidelines SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRAPARTUM CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate compliance with the 2002 revised perinatal group B streptococci (GBS) prevention guidelines in Tennessee, which recommend universal GBS screening of pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation and, when indicated, administration of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. METHODS: Active Bacterial Core surveillance conducts active, population-based surveillance for invasive GBS disease in 11 Tennessee counties. A retrospective case-cohort study was conducted using a stratified random sample of all live births in surveillance hospitals during 2003-2004, including all early-onset GBS cases. Factors associated with GBS screening and lack of optimal GBS chemoprophylaxis were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Screening was performed for 84.7% of pregnant women, but 26.3% of prenatal tests with documented test dates were performed before 35 weeks of gestation. Among women with an indication for GBS prophylaxis, 61.2% received optimal chemoprophylaxis, defined as initiation of a recommended antibiotic 4 hours or more before delivery. When the analysis was restricted to women who were admitted 4 hours or more before delivery, 70.9% received optimal chemoprophylaxis. Women not receiving optimal chemoprophylaxis were more likely to have penicillin allergy (11.7% compared with 2.5%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 8.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57-47.04) or preterm delivery (45.5% compared with 13.2%, adjusted OR 5.52, 95% CI 2.29-13.30) and were less likely to have received the recommended prenatal serologic testing for other infectious diseases (77.9% compared with 91.1%, adjusted OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.09-0.98). Forty cases of early-onset GBS were identified (0.36 per 1,000 live births); 25% of these neonates were born to women who received screening at 35 weeks of gestation or later and, when indicated, optimal chemoprophylaxis. CONCLUSION: Universal prenatal GBS screening was implemented widely in Tennessee, although the timing of screening and administration of chemoprophylaxis often were not optimal. A substantial burden of early-onset GBS disease occurs despite optimal prenatal screening and chemoprophylaxis, suggesting that alternative strategies, such as vaccination, are needed. (Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115: 1217-24) C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goins, WP (reprint author), 1709 Dryden Rd,Suite 6-15,BCM 620, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM goins@bcm.edu FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [T32 HS 013833]; Vanderbilt-Sanofi Pasteur Healthcare; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU416123-9]; Max it Out Foundation; Joint Commission Resources; CDC FX Supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality T32 HS 013833, the Vanderbilt-Sanofi Pasteur Healthcare Vaccinology and Epidemiology Training Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program cooperative agreement U50/CCU416123-9, and the Max it Out Foundation.; Dr. Talbot received money for a consultancy through Joint Commission Resources and received donated vaccine from Sanofi-Pasteur for a CDC-funded research study. The other authors did not disclose any potential conflicts of interest. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1217 EP 1224 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181dd916f PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 603VD UT WOS:000278235300017 PM 20502293 ER PT J AU Laney, AS Attfield, MD AF Laney, A. Scott Attfield, Michael D. TI Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis are increasingly more prevalent among workers in small underground coal mines in the United States SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIRGINIA AB Objective To determine whether the prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) or progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) among United States underground miners is associated with mine size. Methods We examined chest radiographs from 1970 to 2009 of working miners who participated in the National Coal Workers Health Surveillance Program for the presence of small and large opacities consistent with pneumoconiosis, based upon the International Labour Organization classification system. Results A total of 145 512 miners contributed 240 067 radiographs for analysis. From the 1990s to the 2000s, the prevalence of radiographic CWP increased among miners in mines of all sizes, while miners working in mines with fewer than 50 employees had a significantly higher prevalence of CWP compared to miners who worked in mines with 50 or more employees (p<0.0001). When adjusted for age and within-miner correlation, the difference in prevalence of CWP by mine size was significant for all decades. Since 1999, miners from small mines were five times more likely to have radiographic evidence of PMF (1.0% of miners) compared to miners from larger mines (0.2% of miners) with a prevalence ratio of 5.0 and 95% CI 3.3 to 7.5. Conclusion The prevalence of CWP among United States coal miners is increasing in mines of all sizes, while CWP and PMF are much more prevalent among workers from underground mines with fewer than 50 workers. C1 [Laney, A. Scott; Attfield, Michael D.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Laney, AS (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM alaney@cdc.gov RI Banks, Tamara/G-3007-2012 NR 16 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 67 IS 6 BP 428 EP 431 DI 10.1136/oem.2009.050757 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 605NI UT WOS:000278353900012 PM 20522823 ER PT J AU Huang, SH Lee, HS Mar, K Ji, DD Huang, MS Hsia, KT AF Huang, Sung-Hsien Lee, Herng-Sheng Mar, Kwei Ji, Dar-Der Huang, Mao-Suan Hsia, Kan-Tai TI Loss expression of O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation and its relationship to betel quid chewing in oral squamous cell carcinoma SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SMOKING-RELATED INCREASE; ARECA NUT; O-6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; MGMT GENE; SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; KNOCKOUT MICE; BRAIN-TUMORS; CANCER AB Objective. O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) ameliorates mutagenic, carcinogenic, and cytotoxic adducts from O-6-methylguanine in DNA through a direct reversal mechanism. Decreased expression of MGMT has been reported in a variety of human malignant tumors. The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation of MGMT expression levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with promoter hypermethylation and with betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking. Study design. MGMT protein expression in 63 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry was investigated. Methylation status of the MGMT was analyzed by methylation-specific PCR. Correlation with clinicopathologic parameters was then tested by statistical analysis. Results. MGMT immunohistochemistry revealed nuclear staining in normal epithelium, whereas 47 (75%) of 63 OSCC tumors were devoid of MGMT expression and this was related to tumor cell differentiation. Furthermore, the association between loss of MGMT expression and promoter hypermethylation was significant. Lacking protein expression for MGMT in OSCC was also associated with the use of betel quid. Conclusions. The results suggest that the absence of MGMT expression, which would seem to be associated with promoter hypermethylation, is related to betel quid chewing and, thus, in turn, might be a significant event in oral carcinogenesis. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;109:883-889) C1 [Huang, Sung-Hsien; Hsia, Kan-Tai] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Inst Oral Biol, Sch Dent, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Hsia, Kan-Tai] Taipei City Hospital, Dept Res & Educ, Taipei, Taiwan. [Mar, Kwei] Natl Def Med Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. [Mar, Kwei] Taipei City Hospital, Dept Dent, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan. [Ji, Dar-Der] Ctr Dis Control, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ji, Dar-Der] Natl Def Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Hsia, KT (reprint author), Natl Yang Ming Univ, Inst Oral Biol, Sch Dent, 155,Sec 2,Li Nong St, Taipei 112, Taiwan. EM kthsia@ym.edu.tw FU National Science Council [NSC 94-2314-B-010-030]; Department of Education, Taiwan; Department of Health, Taipei City Government [95003-62-130] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Science Council NSC 94-2314-B-010-030, Aim for Top University plan from Department of Education, Taiwan and Department of Health, Taipei City Government 95003-62-130. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 109 IS 6 BP 883 EP 889 DI 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.12.019 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 592UH UT WOS:000277405500027 PM 20451846 ER PT J AU Nelson, AE Golightly, YM Kraus, VB Stabler, T Renner, JB Helmick, CG Jordan, JM AF Nelson, A. E. Golightly, Y. M. Kraus, V. B. Stabler, T. Renner, J. B. Helmick, C. G. Jordan, J. M. TI Serum transforming growth factor-beta 1 is not a robust biomarker of incident and progressive radiographic osteoarthritis at the hip and knee: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Article DE Osteoarthritis; Biomarkers; Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1); Radiography ID MONITORING OSTEOARTHRITIS; RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT; MOLECULAR MARKERS; PREVALENCE; TGF-BETA-1; ARTHRITIS; CARTILAGE; ADULTS AB Purpose To test whether serum transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) predicts incident and progressive hip or knee radiographic OA (rOA) Methods Serum TGF-beta 1 was measured for 330 participants aged 45 years and older in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, with paired longitudinal films available for 618 hips and 658 knees Incident and progressive rOA were defined using Kellgren-Lawrence (K L) grade as well as osteophyte (OST) and joint space narrowing (JSN) scores Natural logarithm transformation was used to produce near-normal distributions for continuous TGF-beta 1 (lnTGF-beta 1) Separate multivariable Weibull regression models were used to provide hazard ratios (HRs) lot a 1-unit increase InTGF-beta 1 with each rOA outcome, accounting for variable follow-up times and clustering by individual, adjusted for age, race, gentler, and body mass index (BMI) Interaction terms were considered statistically significant at P < 0 10 Results The mean (+/-SD) age of the sample was 61 9 +/- 9.7 yews. the mean BMI was 303 +/- 69 kg/m(2), with 606% women and 424% AA The mean (+/- SD) TGF-beta 1 was 178 +/- 61 ng/ml, follow-up time was 6 1 +/- 1 3 years There were no significant interactions by race or gender HRs showed no significant relationship between lnTGF-beta 1 and incident or progressive rOA, osT, or JSN, at the knee or the hip Conclusions Levels of do not predict incident or progressive rOA, OST, or JSN at the hip or knee in this longitudinal. population-based study. making it unlikely that TGF-beta 1 will be a robust biomarker for rOA in flaw e studies (C) 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Published by Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved C1 [Nelson, A. E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Golightly, Y. M.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kraus, V. B.; Stabler, T.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Renner, J. B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Helmick, C. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Dept Med & Orthopaed, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Nelson, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Dept Med, 3300 Thurston Bldg,Campus Box 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S3486]; Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [5-P60-AR-30701]; Arthritis Foundation; NIH [AG-15108, 1 L30 AR056604-01, AR-07416]; NIH/National Institute on Aging [5-P60-AG-11268]; J A Hartford Foundation Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine; National Center for Research Resources [UL1RR025747] FX Funding. Jordan/Renner: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health S043 and S3486, Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center grant 5-P60-AR-30701 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.; Kraus/Stabler. Biomedical Science grant from the Arthritis Foundation, NIH grant AG-15108 and 5-P60-AG-11268 from the NIH/National Institute on Aging.; Nelson: NIH Loan Repayment grant 1 L30 AR056604-01, fellowship funding from the J A Hartford Foundation Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine; Nelson/Golightly: Arthritis and Immunology T-32 Training grant AR-07416 from the NIH, and UL1RR025747 from the National Center for Research Resources NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD JUN PY 2010 VL 18 IS 6 BP 825 EP 829 DI 10.1016/j.joca.2010.02.013 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 609FX UT WOS:000278642400013 PM 20206313 ER PT J AU Khouja, LB Cama, V Xiao, LH AF Khouja, Layla Ben Ayed Cama, Vitaliano Xiao, Lihua TI Parasitic contamination in wastewater and sludge samples in Tunisia using three different detection techniques SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION; SEWAGE; GENE; PCR; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOTYPE; TAXONOMY AB The limited availability of water results in the reuse of wastewater or sludge. The Tunisian wastewater regulatory guidelines have specific limits for ova of helminths (< 1 egg/l) but none for protozoan parasites. We assessed the presence and loads of parasites in 20 samples of raw, treated wastewater and sludge collected from six wastewater treatment plants. Samples were tested by microscopy using the modified Bailenger method (MBM), immunomagnetic separation (IMS) followed by immunofluorescent assay microscopy, and PCR and sequence analysis for the protozoa Cryptosporidium and Giardia. The seven samples of raw wastewater had a high diversity of helminth and protozoa contamination. Giardia spp., Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Entamoeba coli, Ascaris spp., Enterobius vermicularis, and Taenia saginata were detected by MBM, and protozoan loads were greater than helminth loads. Cryptosporidium and Giardia were also detected by IMS microscopy and PCR. Six of the eight samples of treated wastewater had parasites: helminths (n = 1), Cryptosporidium (n = 1), Giardia (n = 4), and Entamoeba (n = 4). Four of five samples of sludge had microscopically detectable parasites, and all had both Cryptosporidium and Giardia. The genotypes and subtypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were of both human and animal origin. These findings suggest that it may be important to monitor the presence of protozoan parasites in treated wastewater and sludge in Tunisia. C1 [Khouja, Layla Ben Ayed] Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Lab Sci & Tech Eau, Tunis, Tunisia. [Cama, Vitaliano; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Khouja, LB (reprint author), Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Lab Sci & Tech Eau, 43 Ave Charles Nicolle 1082, Tunis, Tunisia. EM benayedlayla@yahoo.fr RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 107 IS 1 BP 109 EP 116 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-1844-8 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 605QJ UT WOS:000278361800015 PM 20352447 ER PT J AU Holman, RC Belay, ED Christensen, KY Folkema, AM Steiner, CA Schonberger, LB AF Holman, Robert C. Belay, Ermias D. Christensen, Krista Y. Folkema, Arianne M. Steiner, Claudia A. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Hospitalizations for Kawasaki Syndrome Among Children in the United States, 1997-2007 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Kawasaki syndrome; Kawasaki disease; hospitalizations; epidemiology; children; infants; United States ID LYMPH-NODE SYNDROME; DISEASE; COLORADO; HAWAII; JAPAN AB Background: The present study describes the rate and trends of childhood hospitalizations with Kawasaki syndrome (KS) in the United States. Methods: Retrospective analysis of hospitalizations with KS among children <18 years of age in the United States using the Kids' Inpatient Database (1997, 2000, 2003, and 2006) and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1998-2007). Results: The KS-associated hospitalization rate for children <5 years of age was 20.8 (95% CI: 18.5-23.1) per 100,000 children in 2006. Annual rates remained constant during the study period, except for a peak in 2005. In 2006, 76.8% (SE = 0.9%) of an estimated 5523 (SE = 289) KS-associated hospitalizations among children <18 years of age were <5 years of age. The mean age for all children at hospitalization was 3.0 years (SE < 0.1); 25.7 months (SE = 0.3) for children <5 years of age, and 24.8 months (SE = 0.4) and 27.1 months (SE = 0.5) for boys and girls, respectively. The rate for boys was higher than that for girls (24.2 [95% CI: 21.3-27.1] and 16.8 [95% CI: 14.7-18.9], respectively). The rate for Asian/Pacific Islander children (30.3 [95% CI: 20.2-40.4]) was the highest among the racial groups. Conclusions: The national KS-associated annual hospitalization rate for children <5 years of age from 1997 to 2007 was relatively stable and was similar to previously published rates, except for an increase in 2005. Most hospitalizations were in children <3 years of age with few hospitalizations during the first 2 months of age. Children of Asian/Pacific Islander descent had the highest hospitalization rate. C1 [Holman, Robert C.; Belay, Ermias D.; Christensen, Krista Y.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Holman, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, MS A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RHolman@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 38 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 6 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181cf8705 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 605UK UT WOS:000278372300001 PM 20104198 ER PT J AU Cortese, MM Tate, JE Simonsen, L Edelman, L Parashar, UD AF Cortese, Margaret M. Tate, Jacqueline E. Simonsen, Lone Edelman, Laurel Parashar, Umesh D. TI Reduction in Gastroenteritis in United States Children and Correlation With Early Rotavirus Vaccine Uptake From National Medical Claims Databases SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; gastroenteritis ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; DIARRHEA; AGE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; ETIOLOGY; COVERAGE AB Background: We sought to estimate rotavirus disease reduction among children in hospital and office settings in the 4 US regions following rotavirus vaccine introduction and to estimate vaccine uptake. Methods: Two national third-party payer medical claims databases were used to examine the number of visits for gastroenteritis per annual non-gastroenteritis visits among children aged <5 years during July 2003 to June 2008 in hospital and office settings. The gastroenteritis burden attributable to rotavirus was computed as the excess of all gastroenteritis visits during rotavirus seasons above the baseline of visits during nonrotavirus periods. Rotavirus vaccine uptake was estimated by comparing claims for rotavirus vaccine with those for diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines. Results: In the South, Northeast, and Midwest, the typical winter-spring gastroenteritis peak due to rotavirus was markedly dampened in 2007-2008. Compared with the mean for 3 prevaccine seasons, the excess gastroenteritis visits that occurred during the 2007-2008 rotavirus season was reduced by >90% among infants in all care settings in 3 regions and by >70% among children aged 1 to 4 years. In the West, disease reductions were lower (53%-63% reduction among hospitalized infants). At the onset of the 2007-2008 season, coverage with >= 1 rotavirus vaccine dose was an estimated 57% among infants, 17% among children aged 1 year, and 0 among those aged 2 to 4 years. Conclusions: The rotavirus burden in 2007-2008 was markedly reduced in all US regions and exceeded that explained by only direct protection of the youngest vaccinated children. C1 [Cortese, Margaret M.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simonsen, Lone; Edelman, Laurel] SDI Hlth LLC, Plymouth Meeting, PA USA. [Simonsen, Lone] George Washington Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Cortese, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcortese@cdc.gov OI Simonsen, Lone/0000-0003-1535-8526 FU Wyeth; Roche; Merck FX M.C., J.T., U.P. report no conflicts of interest. L.E. is employed by SDI Health, LLC. L. S. reports the following: SDI, consulting services-received consulting payment; Wyeth, research grant-received consulting payment; Roche, advisory-received consulting payment; Merck, advisory-received consulting payment. NR 23 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 6 BP 489 EP 494 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d95b53 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 605UK UT WOS:000278372300002 PM 20354464 ER PT J AU Vandenberg, O Nyarukweba, DZ Ndeba, PM Hendriksen, RS Barzilay, EJ Schirvel, C Bisimwa, BB Collard, JM Kane, AA Aarestrup, FM AF Vandenberg, Olivier Nyarukweba, Deo Z. Ndeba, Prudence M. Hendriksen, Rene S. Barzilay, Ezra J. Schirvel, Carole Bisimwa, Balaluka B. Collard, Jean-Marc Kane, Awa Aidara Aarestrup, Frank M. TI Microbiologic and Clinical Features of Salmonella Species Isolated From Bacteremic Children in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; resistance; children; bacteremia; Africa ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED BACTEREMIA; NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLAE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; SEVERE MALARIA; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH-CARE; OF-CONGO AB Background: The morbidity of Salmonella bloodstream infections is unacceptably high in Africa. In 2000, the WHO Global Salmonella-Surveillance (GSS) program was founded to reduce the health burden of foodborne diseases. The incorporation, in 2002, of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in this program allowed the improvement of laboratory capacities. In this retrospective study, we describe the first signs of impact the GSS program has had in DRC in the management of bacteremia. Methods: Between 2002 and 2006, we evaluated, in one pediatric hospital, the microbiologic and clinical features of Salmonella isolated from children suspected of having bacteremia. A random selection of isolates was typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Among the 1528 children included in the study, 26.8% were bacteremic. Salmonella accounted for 59% of all bloodstream infections. Salmonella typhimurium (60.5%) and Salmonella enteritidis (22.3%) were the most common Salmonella serotypes. In total, 92.4% were resistant to at least 3 antimicrobials with the following proportion of strains resistant to: ampicillin (86%), chloramphenicol (92%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (95%), and tetracycline (34%). In 2002, 32.1% of children received an appropriate empiric antimicrobial treatment. In 2006, with the restoration of the confidence in the results provided by the laboratory, we observed an increase of the proportion of patients appropriately (82.9%) treated with antimicrobials (P < 0.01) without any decrease in the overall mortality rates associated with salmonellae bacteremia. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the benefit to strengthen laboratory capacities in Africa, allowing the development of management guidelines of bloodstream infection. C1 [Vandenberg, Olivier] St Peter Univ Hosp, Dept Microbiol, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Vandenberg, Olivier] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Infect Dis Epidemiol Unit, Sch Publ Hlth, Brussels, Belgium. [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, EU Community Reference Lab Antimicrobial Resistan, Natl Food Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Barzilay, Ezra J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schirvel, Carole] Univ Libre Bruxelles, CEMUBAC, Ctr Sci Med, Brussels, Belgium. [Collard, Jean-Marc] Reseau Int Inst Pasteur, Ctr Rech Med Sanit CERMES, Niamey, Niger. [Kane, Awa Aidara] WHO, Dept Food Safety Zoonoses & Food Borne Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Vandenberg, O (reprint author), St Peter Univ Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Rue Haute 322, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. EM olivier.vandenberg@ulb.ac.be FU Belgium Fund of Scientific and Medical Research; World Health Organization Global Salm-Surv; Centre Scientifique et Medical de l'Universite Libre de Bruxelles pour ses Activites de Cooperation (CEMUBAC) FX Supported in part by grants from the Belgium Fund of Scientific and Medical Research to Carole Schirvel and by an internal fund supported by the World Health Organization Global Salm-Surv (http://www.who.int/salmsurv). O.V. and D.Z.N. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank the Department of Microbiology of the Saint-Peter University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, for its help in laboratory work; and the Centre Scientifique et Medical de l'Universite Libre de Bruxelles pour ses Activites de Cooperation (CEMUBAC), for the continuous support during these last ten years. The authors also thank Mrs. Christina Svendsen, Dr. Henrik Hasman and the Zoonosis unit at the National Food Institute, DTU for technical assistance, and Urielle Ullmann for her critical comments. NR 46 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 6 BP 504 EP 510 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181cd615a PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 605UK UT WOS:000278372300005 PM 20104200 ER PT J AU Ma, HL He, F Wan, JF Jin, DH Zhu, LY Liu, XX Liu, QQ Zhang, GH Ding, ZT Fontaine, RE Zhu, BP Jian, HH Zhang, LJ Xu, WB Zeng, GA AF Ma, HuiLai He, Fan Wan, JunFeng Jin, DongHui Zhu, LiYe Liu, XuXiang Liu, QiQuan Zhang, GuoHong Ding, ZhenTao Fontaine, Robert E. Zhu, Bao-Ping Jian, HaiHui Zhang, LiJie Xu, WenBo Zeng, Guang TI Glucocorticoid and Pyrazolone Treatment of Acute Fever is a Risk Factor for Critical and Life-Threatening Human Enterovirus 71 Infection During an Outbreak in China, 2008 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE human enterovirus 71 infection; severity of disease; antipyretics; fever treatment; glucocorticoids; pyrazolones ID MOUTH-DISEASE; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIC; HAND; FOOT; TAIWAN; COMPLICATIONS; MORTALITY; EVOLUTION; DIPYRONE AB Background: Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) causes outbreaks of life-threatening diseases throughout the world. The genesis of these severe diseases is unknown. Methods: During an outbreak of HEV71 infection, we investigated risk factors for critical illness. We developed a modified pediatric index of mortality (mPIM) incorporating heart rate, temperature, white blood cell count, respiratory rate, chest infiltrates, skin color, reflexes, responsiveness, and mobility. We calculated the mPIM for 103 patients (22 deaths) using complete scoring criteria in the medical record. In a case-control study, we compared cases (mPIM >= 10 or death) with controls (mPIM = 0-9) by drugs received within 96 hours after onset of fever, initial temperature, age, and nutritional anthropometry. Results: About 66% (68/103) of the patients with an mPIM score (28 cases and 40 controls) had data on initial exposures. About 50% of the 28 cases and 18% of the 40 controls received an injection to treat fever during the first 96 hours after onset (Odds ratio [OR] = 7.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8-28). Injections containing exclusively glucocorticoids (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.2-21) or pyrazolones (OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 0.91-19, P = 0.047) were risk factors for severe HEV71 infection. About 25% of cases and 5% of controls received both drugs parenterally while 7% of cases and 30% of controls received neither (OR = 21, 95% CI: 1.8-305). Conversely, cases and controls had identical average initial temperature, and did not differ significantly by age, sex, nutritional measurements, use of other drugs, or timeliness of medical care received. Conclusion: Fever treatment with glucocorticoids and/or pyrazolones is a risk factor for life-threatening HEV71 infection. C1 [Ma, HuiLai; He, Fan; Jin, DongHui; Liu, XuXiang; Zhang, GuoHong; Zhu, Bao-Ping; Zhang, LiJie; Zeng, Guang] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Wan, JunFeng; Zhu, LiYe; Liu, QiQuan; Ding, ZhenTao; Jian, HaiHui] Fuyang Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fuyang, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xu, WenBo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. RP Zeng, GA (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM guangzeng4605@sohu.com NR 49 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 6 BP 524 EP 529 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181cdd178 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 605UK UT WOS:000278372300009 PM 20104199 ER PT J AU Kourtis, AP Ellington, S Bansil, P Jamieson, DJ Posner, SF AF Kourtis, Athena P. Ellington, Sascha Bansil, Pooja Jamieson, Denise J. Posner, Samuel F. TI HOSPITALIZATIONS FOR INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE AMONG HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-1 INFECTED CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE ERA OF HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND THE CONJUGATE PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; pneumococcus; invasive disease; hospitalization; vaccine; children; adolescents ID HIV AB We describe hospitalization trends of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals <25 years of age since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the United States, using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. We estimated national trends of IPD hospitalizations during 3 periods: 1994 to 1995 (pre-HAART and pre-PCV7 era); 1998 to 1999 (HAART and pre-PCV7 era); and 2004 to 2005 (HAART and early PCV7 era). The number of IPD hospitalizations among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and youth <25 years in the United States declined by 78.7% between 1994/1995 and 2004/2005 (P = 0.03). This decrease was more pronounced among younger children. C1 [Kourtis, Athena P.; Ellington, Sascha; Jamieson, Denise J.; Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bansil, Pooja] CONRAD, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), CDC, DRH, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 29 IS 6 BP 561 EP 563 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181cfb65f PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 605UK UT WOS:000278372300018 PM 20094005 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Goodman, KJ Nurgalieva, ZZ Fischbach, LA Gold, BD AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Goodman, Karen J. Nurgalieva, Zhannat Z. Fischbach, Lori A. Gold, Benjamin D. TI Exposure to Antibiotics in a United States-Mexico Border Birth Cohort SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE children; antibiotic misuse; Helicobacter pylori ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; ERADICATION THERAPY; NATURAL-HISTORY; CHILDREN; RESISTANCE; COMMUNITY; PRESCRIPTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE: The goal was to compare the frequency of children's antibiotic intake, emphasizing antibiotics with anti-Helicobacter pylori effects, in El Paso, Texas, and Juarez, Mexico. METHODS: Hispanic children were enrolled prenatally at mother-child clinics in El Paso, and Juarez, in 1998-2000, to identify determinants of H pylori infection. During follow-up examinations targeted every 6 months from 6 to 84 months of age, caretakers reported medication use during the preceding interval. Courses of any systemic and H pylori-effective antibiotics were compared for US and Mexican children. RESULTS: Antibiotic data were available for 602 children, from 2938 follow-up visits. Overall antibiotic intake was higher in Juarez, where 84% of children received >= 1 course during the follow-up period (52% of visits), compared with El Paso, where 76% of children received >= 1 course (40% of visits). In contrast, the intake of H pylori-effective antibiotics was higher in El Paso, where 65% of children received >= 1 course during the follow-up period (27% of visits), compared with Juarez, where 44% of children received >= 1 course (16% of visits). Of H pylori-effective courses, 94% contained amoxicillin and 2% each clarithromycin, metronidazole, and furazolidone; uses were primarily for throat and ear infections, diarrhea, and cold/flu. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric antibiotic use was higher in Mexico than on the US side of the border. Apparent misuse of H pylori-effective antibiotics was more frequent in Juarez but also occurred in El Paso. Such misuse of antibiotics may lead to drug resistance and may impair the control of H pylori infection in this region. Pediatrics 2010; 125: e1468-e1474 C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Nurgalieva, Zhannat Z.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Goodman, Karen J.] Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Fac Med & Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Fischbach, Lori A.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Gold, Benjamin D.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Childrens Ctr Digest Healthcare, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Broussard, CS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gnp2@cdc.gov RI Goodman, Karen/D-6823-2013 OI Goodman, Karen/0000-0002-3790-3217 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [R01DK053664] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; Financial support was provided by the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant R01DK053664). NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 6 BP E1468 EP E1474 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3173 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 604GX UT WOS:000278268600054 PM 20457685 ER PT J AU Li, RW Fein, SB Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Li, Ruowei Fein, Sara B. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Do Infants Fed From Bottles Lack Self-regulation of Milk Intake Compared With Directly Breastfed Infants? SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE self-regulation; bottle-feeding; direct breastfeeding; childhood obesity ID FORMULA-FED INFANTS; BODY-MASS INDEX; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; FEEDING PRACTICES; ENERGY-INTAKE; EARLY GROWTH; US CHILDREN; WEIGHT-GAIN; OVERWEIGHT; ADOLESCENTS AB OBJECTIVE: How breastfeeding reduces the risk of childhood obesity is unclear, and 1 hypothesis pertains to the ability of breastfed infants to self-regulate. We studied whether infants' self-regulation of milk intake is affected by feeding mode (bottle versus breast) and the type of milk in the bottle (formula versus expressed breast milk). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants in the 2005-2007 Infant Feeding Practices Study II received monthly questionnaires during their infant's first year, and compete data were available for 1250 infants. We tested the impact of feeding mode and type of milk during early infancy on self-regulation during late infancy. RESULTS: Although only 27% of infants fed exclusively at the breast in early infancy emptied the bottle or cup in late infancy, 54% of infants who were fed both at the breast and by bottle did so, and 68% of those who were fed only by bottle did so. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that infants who were bottle-fed more intensively early in life were similar to 71% or 2 times more likely to empty the bottle or cup later in life than those who were bottle-fed less intensively (1/3-2/3 or 2/3 of milk feeds given by bottle versus <1/3 of milk feeds). When feeding formula and expressed milk were considered separately, similar dose-response relationships were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Infants who are bottle-fed in early infancy are more likely to empty the bottle or cup in late infancy than those who are fed directly at the breast. Bottle-feeding, regardless of the type of milk, is distinct from feeding at the breast in its effect on infants' self-regulation of milk intake. Pediatrics 2010; 125: e1386-e1393 C1 [Li, Ruowei; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Fein, Sara B.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Li, RW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rli1@cdc.gov FU Food and Drug Administration; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Women's Health; National Institutes of Health; Maternal and Child Health Bureau in the US Department of Health and Human Services FX This study was supported by the Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Women's Health, National Institutes of Health, and Maternal and Child Health Bureau in the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 43 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2010 VL 125 IS 6 BP E1386 EP E1393 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-2549 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 604GX UT WOS:000278268600043 PM 20457676 ER PT J AU Van Kerkhove, MD Asikainen, T Becker, NG Bjorge, S Desenclos, JC dos Santos, T Fraser, C Leung, GM Lipsitch, M Longini, IM McBryde, ES Roth, CE Shay, DK Smith, DJ Wallinga, J White, PJ Ferguson, NM Riley, S AF Van Kerkhove, Maria D. Asikainen, Tommi Becker, Niels G. Bjorge, Steven Desenclos, Jean-Claude dos Santos, Thais Fraser, Christophe Leung, Gabriel M. Lipsitch, Marc Longini, Ira M., Jr. McBryde, Emma S. Roth, Cathy E. Shay, David K. Smith, Derek J. Wallinga, Jacco White, Peter J. Ferguson, Neil M. Riley, Steven CA WHO Informal Network Math Modellin TI Studies Needed to Address Public Health Challenges of the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic: Insights from Modeling SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; UNITED-STATES; VIRUS; HUMANS; TRANSMISSION; HOUSEHOLD C1 [Van Kerkhove, Maria D.; Fraser, Christophe; White, Peter J.; Ferguson, Neil M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Asikainen, Tommi] Australian Natl Univ, European Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Becker, Niels G.] Australian Natl Univ, Natl Ctr Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Bjorge, Steven; dos Santos, Thais; Roth, Cathy E.] World Hlth Org, St Maurice, France. [Desenclos, Jean-Claude] Inst Veille Sanit, St Maurice, France. [Leung, Gabriel M.] Govt Hong Kong SAR, Food & Hlth Bur, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Longini, Ira M., Jr.] Hutchinson Res Ctr, CSQUID, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Longini, Ira M., Jr.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [McBryde, Emma S.] Royal Melbourne Hosp, Victorian Infect Dis Serv, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Shay, David K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Derek J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Smith, Derek J.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Smith, Derek J.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wallinga, Jacco] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, Ctr Infect Dis Control, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Wallinga, Jacco] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Div Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands. [White, Peter J.] Hlth Protect Agcy Ctr Infect, Modelling & Econ Unit, London, England. [Riley, Steven] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Riley, Steven] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Community Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Van Kerkhove, MD (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM m.vankerkhove@imperial.ac.uk RI Ferguson, Neil/B-8578-2008; Fraser, Christophe/A-8109-2008; OI Ferguson, Neil/0000-0002-1154-8093; Fraser, Christophe/0000-0003-2399-9657; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820; Leung, Gabriel/0000-0002-2503-6283; Wallinga, Jacco/0000-0003-1725-5627; McBryde, Emma/0000-0002-9570-9172; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU FIC NIH HHS [R01 TW008246-03, 3R01TW008246-01S1, R01 TW008246, R01 TW008246-01, R01 TW008246-01S1, R01 TW008246-02]; NIGMS NIH HHS [1U54GM088588, U54 GM088558]; NIH HHS [DP1 OD000490, DP1-OD000490-01]; Wellcome Trust NR 27 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 7 IS 6 AR e1000275 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000275 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 619AV UT WOS:000279400000008 PM 20532237 ER PT J AU Cantey, PT Rout, J Rao, G Williamson, J Fox, LM AF Cantey, Paul T. Rout, Jonathan Rao, Grace Williamson, John Fox, LeAnne M. TI Increasing Compliance with Mass Drug Administration Programs for Lymphatic Filariasis in India through Education and Lymphedema Management Programs SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TAMIL-NADU; ELIMINATION; COVERAGE; CAMPAIGN; IMPLEMENTATION; PREDICTORS; KNOWLEDGE; DISTRICT; PROGRESS; LEOGANE AB Background: Nearly 45% of people living at risk for lymphatic filariasis (LF) worldwide live in India. India has faced challenges obtaining the needed levels of compliance with its mass drug administration (MDA) program to interrupt LF transmission, which utilizes diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or DEC plus albendazole. Previously identified predictors of and barriers to compliance with the MDA program were used to refine a pre-MDA educational campaign. The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of these refinements and of a lymphedema morbidity management program on MDA compliance. Methods/Principal Findings: A randomized, 30-cluster survey was performed in each of 3 areas: the community-based pre-MDA education plus community-based lymphedema management education (Com-MDA+LM) area, the community-based pre-MDA education (Com-MDA) area, and the Indian standard pre-MDA education (MDA-only) area. Compliance with the MDA program was 90.2% in Com-MDA+LM, 75.0% in Com-MDA, and 52.9% in the MDA-only areas (p<0.0001). Identified barriers to adherence included: 1) fear of side effects and 2) lack of recognition of one's personal benefit from adherence. Multivariable predictors of adherence amenable to educational intervention were: 1) knowing about the MDA in advance of its occurrence, 2) knowing everyone is at risk for LF, 3) knowing that the MDA was for LF, and 4) knowing at least one component of the lymphedema management techniques taught in the lymphedema management program. Conclusions/Significance: This study confirmed previously identified predictors of and barriers to compliance with India's MDA program for LF. More importantly, it showed that targeting these predictors and barriers in a timely and clear pre-MDA educational campaign can increase compliance with MDA programs, and it demonstrated, for the first time, that lymphedema management programs may also increase compliance with MDA programs. C1 [Cantey, Paul T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cantey, Paul T.; Williamson, John; Fox, LeAnne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rout, Jonathan; Rao, Grace] Churchs Auxiliary Social Act, Bhubaneswar Sector, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. RP Cantey, PT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pcantey@cdc.gov FU USAID [GHA-G-00-03-0005-00]; CDC [IAA GHH99-006] FX Funding for this work was provided by USAID (GHA-G-00-03-0005-00) to IMA World Health and by CDC (IAA GHH99-006). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manucript. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 6 AR e728 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000728 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 618HD UT WOS:000279341300033 PM 20628595 ER PT J AU Costin, JM Jenwitheesuk, E Lok, SM Hunsperger, E Conrads, KA Fontaine, KA Rees, CR Rossmann, MG Isern, S Samudrala, R Michael, SF AF Costin, Joshua M. Jenwitheesuk, Ekachai Lok, Shee-Mei Hunsperger, Elizabeth Conrads, Kelly A. Fontaine, Krystal A. Rees, Craig R. Rossmann, Michael G. Isern, Sharon Samudrala, Ram Michael, Scott F. TI Structural Optimization and De Novo Design of Dengue Virus Entry Inhibitory Peptides SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; PROTEIN DOMAIN-III; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; WEST-NILE; MEMBRANE-FUSION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; SURFACE EPITOPES; POTENT INHIBITOR AB Viral fusogenic envelope proteins are important targets for the development of inhibitors of viral entry. We report an approach for the computational design of peptide inhibitors of the dengue 2 virus (DENV-2) envelope (E) protein using high-resolution structural data from a pre-entry dimeric form of the protein. By using predictive strategies together with computational optimization of binding "pseudoenergies'', we were able to design multiple peptide sequences that showed low micromolar viral entry inhibitory activity. The two most active peptides, DN57opt and 1OAN1, were designed to displace regions in the domain II hinge, and the first domain I/domain II beta sheet connection, respectively, and show fifty percent inhibitory concentrations of 8 and 7 mu M respectively in a focus forming unit assay. The antiviral peptides were shown to interfere with virus: cell binding, interact directly with the E proteins and also cause changes to the viral surface using biolayer interferometry and cryo-electron microscopy, respectively. These peptides may be useful for characterization of intermediate states in the membrane fusion process, investigation of DENV receptor molecules, and as lead compounds for drug discovery. C1 [Costin, Joshua M.; Fontaine, Krystal A.; Rees, Craig R.; Isern, Sharon; Michael, Scott F.] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ft Myers, FL USA. [Jenwitheesuk, Ekachai; Samudrala, Ram] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lok, Shee-Mei; Rossmann, Michael G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Conrads, Kelly A.] ForteBio Inc, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Costin, JM (reprint author), Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ft Myers, FL USA. EM ram@compbio.washington.edu; smichael@fgcu.edu RI Lok, Shee-mei/I-7050-2012 FU DTRA [HDTRA1-08-1-0003, HDTRA1-09-1-0004]; NIH [1-56-AI064617-01A2]; NSF [IIS-0448502] FX Funding for this project was provided by DTRA awards HDTRA1-08-1-0003 and HDTRA1-09-1-0004 and NIH Shannon award 1-56-AI064617-01A2 to SI and SFM, and NSF CAREER award IIS-0448502 to RS. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 6 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 4 IS 6 AR e721 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000721 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 618HD UT WOS:000279341300026 PM 20582308 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Floyd, RL Green, PP Denny, CH Coles, CD Sokol, RJ AF Tsai, James Floyd, R. Louise Green, Patricia P. Denny, Clark H. Coles, Claire D. Sokol, Robert J. TI Concurrent Alcohol Use or Heavier Use of Alcohol and Cigarette Smoking Among Women of Childbearing Age with Accessible Health Care SO PREVENTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Concurrent; Alcohol use; Heavy drinking; Cigarette smoking; Health care; Women ID BEHAVIORAL-COUNSELING INTERVENTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE TREATMENT; HIGH-RISK DRINKING; UNITED-STATES; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; BINGE DRINKING; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; EXPOSED PREGNANCIES AB This study was conducted to provide nationally representative findings on the prevalence and distribution of concurrent alcohol use or heavier use of alcohol and cigarette smoking among women of childbearing age with accessible health care. For the years 2003-2005, a total of 20,912 women 18-44 years of age who participated in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) reported that during the study period, there was a place where they would usually go for health care when sick or in need of advice about their health. The prevalence and distribution of concurrent alcohol use or heavier use of alcohol and cigarette smoking reported by such women was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the "most often visited health care place" among concurrent users who reported having seen or talked to a health care provider during the previous 12 months. Among surveyed women with accessible health care, 12.3% reported concurrent alcohol use and cigarette smoking, and 1.9% reported concurrent heavier use of alcohol and cigarette smoking during the study period. Of women who reported either type of concurrent use, at least 84.4% also indicated having seen or talked to one or more health care providers during the previous 12 months. Such women were more likely than non-concurrent users to indicate that the "most often visited health care place" was a "hospital emergency room or outpatient department or some other place" or a "clinic or health center," as opposed to an "HMO or doctor's office." Concurrent alcohol use or heavier use of alcohol and cigarette smoking among women of childbearing age is an important public health concern in the United States. The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening and behavioral counseling interventions for excessive drinking and cigarette smoking by health care providers in both primary care and emergency department settings. C1 [Tsai, James; Floyd, R. Louise; Green, Patricia P.; Denny, Clark H.] CDC, Prevent Res Branch, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil,Ctr Dis Cont, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Coles, Claire D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sokol, Robert J.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1389-4986 J9 PREV SCI JI Prev. Sci. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 11 IS 2 BP 197 EP 206 DI 10.1007/s11121-009-0158-5 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 587GI UT WOS:000276977700008 PM 19937383 ER PT J AU Chakravarthy, KV Bonoiu, AC Davis, WG Ranjan, P Ding, H Hu, R Bowzard, JB Bergey, EJ Katz, JM Knight, PR Sambhara, S Prasad, PN AF Chakravarthy, Krishnan V. Bonoiu, Adela C. Davis, William G. Ranjan, Priya Ding, Hong Hu, Rui Bowzard, J. Bradford Bergey, Earl J. Katz, Jacqueline M. Knight, Paul R. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Prasad, Paras N. TI Gold nanorod delivery of an ssRNA immune activator inhibits pandemic H1N1 influenza viral replication SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE antivirals; surface plasmon resonance; innate immunity; interferon; retinoic acid-inducible gene I ID RIG-I; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; ADAPTER PROTEIN; RNA HELICASES; NANOPARTICLES; VIRUS; THERAPY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; INFECTION; DISCOVERY AB The emergence of the pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has become a world-wide health concern. As drug resistance appears, a new generation of therapeutic strategies will be required. Here, we introduce a nanotechnology approach for the therapy of pandemic and seasonal influenza virus infections. This approach uses gold nanorods (GNRs) to deliver an innate immune activator, producing a localized therapeutic response. We demonstrated the utility of a biocompatible gold nanorod, GNR-5'PPP-ssRNA nanoplex, as an antiviral strategy against type A influenza virus. In human respiratory bronchial epithelial cells, this nanoplex activated the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) pathogen recognition pathway, resulting in increased expression of IFN-beta and other IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) (e. g., PKR, MDA5, IRF1, IRF7, and MX1). This increase in type I IFN and ISGs resulted in a decrease in the replication of H1N1 influenza viruses. These findings suggest that further evaluation of biocompatible nanoplexes as unique antivirals for treatment of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses is warranted. C1 [Chakravarthy, Krishnan V.; Davis, William G.; Ranjan, Priya; Bowzard, J. Bradford; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chakravarthy, Krishnan V.; Knight, Paul R.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Anesthesiol & Microbiol & Immunol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Chakravarthy, Krishnan V.; Knight, Paul R.] Vet Adm Med Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14215 USA. [Bonoiu, Adela C.; Ding, Hong; Hu, Rui; Bergey, Earl J.; Knight, Paul R.; Prasad, Paras N.] SUNY Buffalo, Inst Lasers Photon & Biophoton, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Sambhara, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssambhara@cdc.gov; pnprasad@acsu.buffalo.edu RI HU, Rui/A-1874-2011; Ding, Hong/C-2322-2011 OI HU, Rui/0000-0001-7412-8451; Ding, Hong/0000-0003-0376-0008 FU National Institutes of Health [AI084410, CA104492, HL48889, AG031035]; National Cancer Institute [CA119397]; Chemistry and Life Sciences Division of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Vaccine Program Office FX We thank our World Health Organization Global Influenza Surveillance Network partners for the viruses used in this study. We thank Mr. Alan Siegel, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Buffalo, for the help with transmission electron microscopy. This study was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant AI084410 (to P. R. K., P.N.P., and S. S.); National Cancer Institute Grant CA119397 (to P.N.P.); and National Institutes of Health Grants CA104492 (to E.J.B.), HL48889 (to P. R. K.), and AG031035 (to K. V. C.). This work was also supported by the Chemistry and Life Sciences Division of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (P.N.P.) and a grant from the National Vaccine Program Office (to S. S.). NR 41 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 23 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 1 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 22 BP 10172 EP 10177 DI 10.1073/pnas.0914561107 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 603ZD UT WOS:000278246000049 PM 20498074 ER PT J AU Nater, UM Lin, JM Maloney, EM Jones, JF Tian, H Heim, C Raison, CL Boneva, RS Reeves, WC AF Nater, Urs M. Lin, Jin-Mann Maloney, Elizabeth M. Jones, James F. Tian, Hao Heim, Christine Raison, Charles L. Boneva, Roumiana S. Reeves, William C. TI CRITERIA USED TO DEFINE CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME QUESTIONED THE AUTHORS REPLY SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID GENERALIZED ANXIETY; DEFINITION C1 [Nater, Urs M.; Lin, Jin-Mann; Maloney, Elizabeth M.; Jones, James F.; Tian, Hao; Boneva, Roumiana S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Heim, Christine; Raison, Charles L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nater, Urs M.] Univ Zurich, Dept Psychol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Nater, UM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Proposed, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009; Nater, Urs/J-6898-2013; OI Nater, Urs/0000-0002-2430-5090 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 72 IS 5 BP 507 EP 509 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 613UB UT WOS:000279005800013 ER PT J AU Larson, TC Meyer, CA Kapil, V Gurney, JW Tarver, RD Black, CB Lockey, JE AF Larson, Theodore C. Meyer, Cristopher A. Kapil, Vikas Gurney, Jud W. Tarver, Robert D. Black, Charles B. Lockey, James E. TI Workers with Libby Amphibole Exposure: Retrospective Identification and Progression of Radiographic Changes SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VERMICULITE MINERS; PLEURAL PLAQUES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE; CHEST RADIOGRAPHS; AMOSITE ASBESTOS; NATURAL-HISTORY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; MONTANA AB Purpose: To assess how early pleural and/or parenchymal abnormalities consistent with asbestos exposure could be ascertained and to identify factors associated with progression. Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtained under an institutional review board-approved protocol. Multiple sequential chest radiographs obtained between 1955 and 2004 in 84 workers exposed to amphiboles associated with vermiculite in the town of Libby, Montana, were studied. A panel of three NIOSH B readers reviewed each worker's longitudinal chest radiograph series in reverse chronologic order and achieved a consensus reading for each radiograph. Measures of exposure were compared between workers with and those without progression of parenchymal and pleural abnormalities. Results: Because of the way the study was designed, all subjects had pleural (n = 84) and/or parenchymal (n = 26) abnormalities on the most recent chest radiograph. Compared with other investigations that used different methods, this investigation revealed shorter latency periods (defined as the interval between date of hire and date of earliest radiographic detection) for circumscribed pleural plaque (median latency, 8.6 years) and pleural calcification (median latency, 17.5 years). Pleural abnormalities progressed in 64 workers, while parenchymal abnormalities progressed in 14. No significant differences were found with regard to measures of exposure between workers with and those without progression. Conclusion: The latency period for the development of pleural plaques may be shorter than previously reported. Early plaques are subtle and may not be detectable except at retrospective review. (c) RSNA, 2010 C1 [Larson, Theodore C.; Kapil, Vikas] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Meyer, Cristopher A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Gurney, Jud W.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Omaha, NE USA. [Tarver, Robert D.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Black, Charles B.] Ctr Asbestos Related Dis, Libby, MT USA. [Lockey, James E.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Lockey, James E.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Larson, TC (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM thl3@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUN PY 2010 VL 255 IS 3 BP 924 EP 933 DI 10.1148/radiol.10091447 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 601DO UT WOS:000278038500033 PM 20501730 ER PT J AU Pohl, HR Chou, CHSJ Ruiz, P Holler, JS AF Pohl, H. R. Chou, C. -H. S. J. Ruiz, P. Holler, J. S. TI Chemical risk assessment and uncertainty associated with extrapolation across exposure duration SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical risk assessment; Uncertainty factors; Extrapolation across exposure duration ID HEXACHLOROBENZENE; TOXICITY; RATS; TOXAPHENE; BENZENE; LINDANE; WORKERS; MODELS AB The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) prepares toxicological profiles on priority substances in which available epidemiologic and toxicologic data are reviewed, summarized, and interpreted. When adequate data are available, ATSDR derives health guidance values called minimal risk levels (MRLs) for acute, intermediate, and chronic durations of exposure for oral and inhalation routes of exposure. The MRLs are generally derived by use of the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) or the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level/uncertainty factor (LOAEL/UF) approach. The UF usually employed are for LOAEL-to-NOAEL extrapolation, animal to -human extrapolation, and inter-human variability. These health guidance values are intended to serve as screening tools for health assessors and other responders to identify contaminants of concern and potential health effects in the community at hazardous waste sites and during unplanned releases. When guidance values are not available for a specific exposure scenario because of a lack of chronic data, extrapolation across exposure durations may be made. For example, chronic guidance values may be derived from subchronic data by applying an additional uncertainty factor of 10 for extrapolation to chronic exposure duration. In this paper, we analyzed the ratio of chemical-specific LOAELs from acute to intermediate and from intermediate to chronic durations for oral and inhalation exposure routes. In addition, we investigated the impact of chemical structure and chemical structure activity relationship on validation of predictions across exposure durations. Published by-Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pohl, H. R.; Chou, C. -H. S. J.; Ruiz, P.; Holler, J. S.] US Dept HHS, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pohl, HR (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. EM hpohl@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 57 IS 1 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.11.007 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 591IY UT WOS:000277295000003 PM 19944126 ER PT J AU Thompson, B Moro, PL Hancy, K Ortega-Sanchez, IR Santos-Preciado, JI Franco-Paredes, C Weniger, BG Chen, RT AF Thompson, Brenda Moro, Pedro L. Hancy, Kattrina Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. Santos-Preciado, Jose I. Franco-Paredes, Carlos Weniger, Bruce G. Chen, Robert T. TI NEEDLESTICK INJURIES AMONG SANITATION WORKERS IN MEXICO CITY SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 [Moro, Pedro L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Santos-Preciado, Jose I.] Hosp Infantil Mexico Feder Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Franco-Paredes, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weniger, Bruce G.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Robert T.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thompson, B (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. EM psm9@cdc.gov OI Weniger, Bruce/0000-0002-5450-5464 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD JUN PY 2010 VL 27 IS 6 BP 467 EP 468 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 631QM UT WOS:000280362700009 PM 20721448 ER PT J AU Fabiano, GA Vujnovic, RK Pelham, WE Waschbusch, DA Massetti, GM Pariseau, ME Naylor, J Yu, J Robins, M Carnefix, T Greiner, AR Volker, M AF Fabiano, Gregory A. Vujnovic, Rebecca K. Pelham, William E. Waschbusch, Daniel A. Massetti, Greta M. Pariseau, Meaghan E. Naylor, Justin Yu, Jihnhee Robins, Melissa Carnefix, Tarah Greiner, Andrew R. Volker, Martin TI Enhancing the Effectiveness of Special Education Programming for Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using a Daily Report Card SO SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW LA English DT Article ID DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENTS; SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT; ACADEMIC-PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORAL-DISORDERS; TEACHER RATINGS; ADHD; INTERVENTIONS; SYMPTOMS; CONSULTATION AB Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) make up a considerable proportion of students who receive special education services in schools. The present study aimed to enhance the outcomes of students with ADHD in special education settings by using a daily report card (DRC). Thirty-three children with ADHD in special education placements were randomly assigned to an intervention condition wherein behavioral consultants worked with the teacher and parent to construct and implement a DRC based on the child's individualized education plan goals and objectives. These children were compared to 30 children in a business as usual control condition. Results indicated positive effects of the DRC on observations of classroom functioning, individualized education plan goal attainment, and teacher ratings of academic productivity and disruptive behavior in the classroom. Further, a greater percentage of children with ADHD in the DRC group were normalized on measures of disruptive behavior and impairment. The intervention did not result in incremental improvement in academic achievement, teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms or impairment, or the student teacher relationship. The implications of these results for working with children with ADHD in special education settings are discussed. C1 [Fabiano, Gregory A.; Vujnovic, Rebecca K.; Pariseau, Meaghan E.; Naylor, Justin] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Counseling Sch & Educ Psychol, Sch Psychol Program, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Pelham, William E.; Greiner, Andrew R.] SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Children & Families, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Massetti, Greta M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robins, Melissa] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. RP Fabiano, GA (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Counseling Sch & Educ Psychol, Sch Psychol Program, Diefendorf Hall 106, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM fabiano@buffalo.edu RI Waschbusch, Daniel/B-6433-2013 OI Waschbusch, Daniel/0000-0002-8115-1286 NR 79 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 15 PU NATL ASSOC SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 4340 EAST WEST HWY, STE 402, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0279-6015 J9 SCHOOL PSYCHOL REV JI Sch. Psychol. Rev. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 219 EP 239 PG 21 WC Psychology, Educational SC Psychology GA 631WM UT WOS:000280381300005 ER PT J AU Rietmeijer, K McFarlane, M AF Rietmeijer, Kees McFarlane, Mary TI Fondly Remembered: Marty Fishbein OBITUARY SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Rietmeijer, Kees] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [McFarlane, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rietmeijer, K (reprint author), Care of Rietmeijer CA, Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. EM kees@rietmeijer.us NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 6 BP 345 EP 345 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181dd2608 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 605WT UT WOS:000278379700001 ER PT J AU Paneth-Pollak, R Klingler, EJ Blank, S Schillinger, JA AF Paneth-Pollak, Rachel Klingler, Ellen J. Blank, Susan Schillinger, Julia A. TI The Elephant Never Forgets; Piloting a Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Retesting Reminder Postcard in an STD Clinic Setting SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; REPEAT; INCREASE; DISEASE; MAIL AB We examined the number and proportion of persons retesting and reinfected with Chlamydia and/or gonorrhea 3 to 4 months after initial infection in one New York City sexually transmitted disease clinic using a reminder postcard compared to clinics not using this reminder. Retesting increased, however, the proportion reinfected was lower during the intervention. C1 [Paneth-Pollak, Rachel; Klingler, Ellen J.; Blank, Susan; Schillinger, Julia A.] Bur STD Control, NYC Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Blank, Susan; Schillinger, Julia A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Paneth-Pollak, R (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, A234 Life Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM panethpo@msu.edu FU Jamaica Health Center in Queens FX The authors are grateful to staff at the Jamaica Health Center in Queens, and especially to clinic manager Lucindy Williams, for help and support in undertaking this evaluation. The authors also wish to acknowledge Thomas Peterman, Bruce Furness, Daniel Newman, Dawn Mecca Dandy, Robert Gunn, Marjorie Lee, and Charlotte Gaydos for their contributions to project design and data collection. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 6 BP 365 EP 368 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181cab281 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 605WT UT WOS:000278379700006 PM 20473247 ER PT J AU Njoroge, B Gallo, MF Sharma, A Bukusi, EA Nguti, R Bell, AJ Jamieson, DJ Williams, D Eschenbach, DA AF Njoroge, Betty Gallo, Maria F. Sharma, Anjali Bukusi, Elizabeth A. Nguti, Rosemary Bell, April J. Jamieson, Denise J. Williams, D'Nyce Eschenbach, David A. TI Diaphragm for STI and HIV Prevention: Is It a Safe Method for Women at High Risk? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; VAGINAL EPITHELIUM; LUBRICANT GEL; CONTRACEPTIVES; CONDOMS AB Female sex workers (n = 140) were enrolled in a 6-month acceptability trial of the diaphragm. We randomized a subset (n = 40) to receive colposcopies after 1 month of diaphragm use or after 1 month of observation before commencing diaphragm use. Adverse events were mild in nature. Frequency of colposcopic findings did not differ between women randomized to immediate versus delayed diaphragm use (P = 0.25). C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Bell, April J.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Njoroge, Betty; Sharma, Anjali; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Njoroge, Betty; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sharma, Anjali; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Eschenbach, David A.] Univ Washington, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sharma, Anjali] Univ Washington, Int Training & Educ Ctr HIV I TECH, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nguti, Rosemary] Univ Nairobi, Sch Math, Nairobi, Kenya. [Williams, D'Nyce] CONRAD, Arlington, VA USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through an Inter-Agency Agreement with the United States Agency for International Development and CONRAD. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 6 BP 382 EP 385 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ce147c PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 605WT UT WOS:000278379700009 PM 20473244 ER PT J AU Xu, FJ Sternberg, MR Markowitz, LE AF Xu, Fujie Sternberg, Maya R. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States: Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics and Prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 Infection Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SIMPLEX-VIRUS TYPE-2; NEW-YORK-CITY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; YOUNG MEN; RISK; PREVENTION; WOMEN; SEROPREVALENCE; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Objectives: To describe demographic and behavioral characteristics and the prevalence of HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections in men who had sex with men identified through a nationally representative, population-based survey. Methods: As part of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in 2001-2006, men 18 to 59 years of age were interviewed about sexual behavior using audio computer assisted self-interview and were tested for antibodies to HIV and HSV-2. Results: Of the 4319 men interviewed, 5.2% reported having ever had sex with men (MSM). MSM were more likely than non-MSM (those reporting female partners only) to have first sex at <15 years (31.9% vs. 17.3%), have >= 10 lifetime sex partners (73.6% vs. 40.8%), and have ever used cocaine (46.1% vs. 26.6%) (all P < 0.004). Among MSM, the prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 was 9.1% and 18.4%, respectively. Only 44.5% of MSM reported their sexual orientation as homosexual or gay. Comparing with bisexual and heterosexual MSM, homosexual MSM reported the highest number of lifetime male partners and had the highest HIV prevalence (16.5%). Conclusions: In this population-based sample of men in the United States, self-reported same-sex behavior and homosexual orientation are strong markers for high risk of HIV infection. C1 [Xu, Fujie; Sternberg, Maya R.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Xu, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mailstop E-02,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fax1@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 37 IS 6 BP 399 EP 405 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ce122b PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 605WT UT WOS:000278379700013 PM 20473245 ER PT J AU Donnelly, EH Nemhauser, JB Smith, JM Kazzi, ZN Farfan, EB Chang, AS Naeem, SF AF Donnelly, Elizabeth H. Nemhauser, Jeffrey B. Smith, James M. Kazzi, Ziad N. Farfan, Eduardo B. Chang, Arthur S. Naeem, Syed F. TI Acute Radiation Syndrome: Assessment and Management SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acute radiation syndrome; radiation health effects; radiation injury; radiological emergencies C1 [Kazzi, Ziad N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Kazzi, ZN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS F58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rsbinfo@cdc.gov OI Naeem, Syed/0000-0002-0429-2843 NR 14 TC 49 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 103 IS 6 BP 541 EP 544 DI 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181ddd571 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 604PA UT WOS:000278289800012 PM 20710137 ER PT J AU Goldston, DB Walrath, CM McKeon, R Puddy, RW Lubell, KM Potter, LB Rodi, MS AF Goldston, David B. Walrath, Christine M. McKeon, Richard Puddy, Richard W. Lubell, Keri M. Potter, Lloyd B. Rodi, Michael S. TI The Garrett Lee Smith Memorial Suicide Prevention Program SO SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID YOUTH SUICIDE; COLLEGE; ATTEMPTERS AB In response to calls for greater efforts to reduce youth suicide, the Garrett Lee Smith (GLS) Memorial Act has provided funding for 68 state, territory, and tribal community grants, and 74 college campus grants for suicide prevention efforts. Suicide prevention activities supported by GLS grantees have included education, training programs (including gatekeeper training), screening activities, infrastructure for improved linkages to services, crisis hotlines, and community partnerships. Through participation in both local- and cross-site evaluations, GLS grantees are generating data regarding the local context, proximal outcomes, and implementation of programs, as well as opportunities for improvement of suicide prevention efforts. C1 [Walrath, Christine M.; Rodi, Michael S.] Macro Int Inc, New York, NY 10038 USA. [Goldston, David B.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Puddy, Richard W.; Lubell, Keri M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Walrath, CM (reprint author), Macro Int Inc, 116 John St,Suite 800, New York, NY 10038 USA. EM cwalrath@macrointernational.com FU NIMH NIH HHS [K24 MH066252-08, K24 MH066252] NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0363-0234 J9 SUICIDE LIFE-THREAT JI Suicide Life-Threat. Behav. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3 BP 245 EP 256 PG 12 WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 610NQ UT WOS:000278740200004 PM 20560746 ER PT J AU Hearn, BA Ding, YS Vaughan, C Zhang, LQ Polzin, G Caudill, SP Watson, CH Ashley, DL AF Hearn, Bryan A. Ding, Yan S. Vaughan, Christina Zhang, Liqin Polzin, Gregory Caudill, Samuel P. Watson, Clifford H. Ashley, David L. TI Semi-volatiles in mainstream smoke delivery from select charcoal-filtered cigarette brand variants SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TOBACCO-SPECIFIC NITROSAMINES; MARLBORO ULTRASMOOTH; EXPOSURE; CANCER; YIELDS AB Background It has been reported that charcoal added to cigarette filters selectively removes many of the more volatile chemicals, but it is not clear to what extent charcoal may reduce the delivery of important less volatile chemical constituents in mainstream cigarette smoke. Methods We analysed machine-derived mainstream smoke deliveries (under three smoking regimens) for variants of a charcoal-filtered cigarette commercially test-marketed in the USA, focusing on selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). Results While charcoal-containing filters selectively removed lower molecular weight PAHs from mainstream smoke, they did not significantly remove the heavier and more toxic PAHs studied, such as benzo[a] pyrene, a known carcinogen. Likewise, charcoal-containing filters removed phenols and TSNAs from mainstream smoke to differing amounts depending on the compound, filter design and the smoking regimen. Conclusions The addition of sufficient charcoal to cigarette filters is known to remove many volatile compounds and can potentially reduce deliveries of certain semi-volatile compounds under some machine smoking regimens. Less volatile compounds, with a significant portion in the particulate phase, are less available for selective filtration by charcoal-containing filters than the more volatile compounds that reside predominantly in the gas phase. C1 [Hearn, Bryan A.; Ding, Yan S.; Vaughan, Christina; Zhang, Liqin; Polzin, Gregory; Caudill, Samuel P.; Watson, Clifford H.; Ashley, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hearn, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bhearn@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) FX Funding Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD JUN PY 2010 VL 19 IS 3 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.1136/tc.2009.032680 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 600QP UT WOS:000278002400018 PM 20501495 ER PT J AU Nasreen, S Azziz-Baumgartner, E Gurley, ES Winch, PJ Unicomb, L Sharker, MAY Southern, D Luby, SP AF Nasreen, S. Azziz-Baumgartner, E. Gurley, E. S. Winch, P. J. Unicomb, L. Sharker, M. A. Y. Southern, D. Luby, S. P. TI Prevalent high-risk respiratory hygiene practices in urban and rural Bangladesh SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE non-pharmaceutical intervention; pandemic; influenza; coughing; sneezing; respiratory hygiene ID HIV BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE; INFLUENZA-A; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; FORMATIVE RESEARCH; HEALTH PROMOTION; INFECTIONS; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; CHALLENGES; HOUSEHOLD AB OBJECTIVES To identify existing respiratory hygiene risk practices, and guide the development of interventions for improving respiratory hygiene. METHODS We selected a convenience sample of 80 households and 20 schools in two densely populated communities in Bangladesh, one urban and one rural. We observed and recorded respiratory hygiene events with potential to spread viruses such as coughing, sneezing, spitting and nasal cleaning using a standardized assessment tool. RESULTS In 907 (81%) of 1122 observed events, households' participants coughed or sneezed into the air (i.e. uncovered), 119 (11%) into their hands and 83 (7%) into their clothing. Twenty-two per cent of women covered their coughs and sneezes compared to 13% of men (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.6-4.3). Twenty-seven per cent of persons living in households with a reported monthly income of >72.6 US$ covered their coughs or sneezes compared to 13% of persons living in households with lower income (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.2). In 956 (85%) of 1126 events, school participants coughed or sneezed into the air and 142 (13%) into their hands. Twenty-seven per cent of coughs/sneezes in rural schools were covered compared to 10% of coughs/sneezes in urban schools (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5-3.6). Hand washing was never observed after participants coughed or sneezed into their hands. CONCLUSION There is an urgent need to develop culturally appropriate, cost-effective and scalable interventions to improve respiratory hygiene practices and to assess their effectiveness in reducing respiratory pathogen transmission. C1 [Nasreen, S.; Azziz-Baumgartner, E.; Gurley, E. S.; Unicomb, L.; Sharker, M. A. Y.; Southern, D.; Luby, S. P.] Bangladesh ICDDR B, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Azziz-Baumgartner, E.; Luby, S. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gurley, E. S.; Winch, P. J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Nasreen, S (reprint author), Bangladesh ICDDR B, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM drsharifa@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU US Agency for International Development (USAID) [GHS-A-00-03-0019-00]; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health FX This publication was supported by a sub-agreement from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health with funds provided by Cooperative Agreement No. GHS-A-00-03-0019-00 from the US Agency for International Development (USAID). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US Agency for International Development (USAID) or The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health or the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ICDDR, B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of USAID to the Centre's research efforts. The authors thank Pavani K. Ram who provided helpful suggestions on developing the respiratory hygiene assessment tool. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JUN PY 2010 VL 15 IS 6 BP 762 EP 771 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02531.x PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 594IC UT WOS:000277529100014 PM 20374564 ER PT J AU Kabeya, H Colborn, JM Bai, Y Lerdthusnee, K Richardson, JH Maruyama, S Kosoy, MY AF Kabeya, Hidenori Colborn, James M. Bai, Ying Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai Richardson, Jason H. Maruyama, Soichi Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Detection of Bartonella tamiae DNA in Ectoparasites from Rodents in Thailand and Their Sequence Similarity with Bacterial Cultures from Thai Patients SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bartonella tamiae; Chigger mite; Ectoparasites; Rodent; Thailand; Tick ID VINSONII SUBSP ARUPENSIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; TRANSMISSION; ENDOCARDITIS; HENSELAE; VECTOR; FLEAS; ACARI; SPP.; ELIZABETHAE AB Ectoparasites, including chigger mites (genera Leptotrombidium, Schoengastia, and Blankarrtia) and one tick (genus Haemaphysalis) collected from wild-caught rodents in Thailand, were assessed for the presence of Bartonella DNA by using a polymerase chain reaction assay targeting the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region and citrate synthase gene (gltA). Of the 41 pooled samples tested, 34 were positive for Bartonella DNA. Sequence analysis demonstrated that DNA detected in 33 chigger mite pools and one tick pool was similar to Bartonella tamiae sequences previously isolated from three patients in Thailand. This is the first report of the detection of B. tamiae DNA in chigger mites; additional field and experimental investigations are required to determine the role of chigger mites as potential vectors of B. tamiae. C1 [Kabeya, Hidenori; Colborn, James M.; Bai, Ying; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kabeya, Hidenori; Maruyama, Soichi] Nihon Univ, Lab Vet Publ Hlth, Dept Vet Med, Coll Bioresource Sci, Kanagawa, Japan. [Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai; Richardson, Jason H.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd,Foothills Res Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov RI Richardson, Jason/A-9441-2011 NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 429 EP 434 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0124 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 613LF UT WOS:000278980100001 PM 20017718 ER PT J AU de Carvalho, IL Zeidner, N Ullmann, A Hojgaard, A Amaro, F Ze-Ze, L Alves, MJ de Sousa, R Piesman, J Nuncio, MS AF de Carvalho, Isabel Lopes Zeidner, Nordin Ullmann, Amy Hojgaard, Andrias Amaro, Fatima Ze-Ze, Libia Alves, Maria Joao de Sousa, Rita Piesman, Joseph Nuncio, Maria Sofia TI Molecular Characterization of a New Isolate of Borrelia lusitaniae Derived from Apodemus sylvaticus in Portugal SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Apodemus sylvaticus; Borrelia lusitaniae; Portugal; Reservoir ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; IXODES-RICINUS; LYME BORRELIOSIS; TICKS; SWITZERLAND; LIZARDS; GENE AB A total of 196 small mammals were collected in Portugal and tested for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Tissue samples were taken from each animal and cultured in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly (BSK)-II medium. The single strain of spirochete isolated was confirmed as Borrelia lusitaniae by genetic analyses. This is the first report of B. lusitaniae isolated from Apodemus sylvaticus. C1 [de Carvalho, Isabel Lopes; Amaro, Fatima; Ze-Ze, Libia; Alves, Maria Joao; de Sousa, Rita; Nuncio, Maria Sofia] Ctr Vector & Infect Dis Res, Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal. [Zeidner, Nordin; Ullmann, Amy; Hojgaard, Andrias; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP de Carvalho, IL (reprint author), Ctr Estudos Vectores & Doencas Infecciosas, Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Edificio Lemes,Av Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. EM isabel.carvalho@insa.min-saude.pt OI Alves, Maria Joao/0000-0003-0065-9000; Nuncio, Maria Sofia/0000-0001-5182-6150; Ze-Ze, Libia/0000-0001-7258-1439; Amaro, Fatima/0000-0002-5445-4142 FU FLAD; FCT [POCTI/ESP/39549/2001] FX The authors wish to thank Mary Crabtree, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, for the help with the phylogenetic analysis. Teresa Luz, Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenc, as Infecciosas, is also acknowledged for her expert technical assistance. This study was partially supported by FLAD with a fellowship and FCT project (POCTI/ESP/39549/2001). NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 531 EP 534 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0210 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 613LF UT WOS:000278980100015 PM 19725761 ER PT J AU Miceli, MH Veryser, AK Anderson, AD Hofinger, D Lee, SA Tancik, C AF Miceli, Marisa H. Veryser, Andrea Kay Anderson, Alicia D. Hofinger, Diedre Lee, Samuel A. Tancik, Corey TI A Case of Person-to-Person Transmission of Q Fever from an Active Duty Serviceman to His Spouse SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Middle East deployment; Q fever; Sexual transmission; US military ID UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; ANIMALS; SHEEP AB Coxiella burnetii has recently gained military relevance given its potential as a bioterrorism agent, and the multiple cases reported among U. S. military personnel deployed to the Middle East. Sexual transmission of Q fever is rare but has been reported in the literature. We describe the possible sexual transmission of Q fever from a returning serviceman from Iraq to his wife. In a recent editorial commentary, Dr. Raoult wrote about the reemergence of Q fever after September 11, 2001 (Raoult 2009). Indeed, C. burnetii has gained military relevance given its potential as a bioterrorism agent and the multiple cases reported among military personnel deployed in Southwest/Central Asia and North Africa (Botros et al. 1995, Meskini et al. 1995, Leung-Shea and Danaher 2006). Human serosurveys in these geographic areas have reported prevalence rates for Q fever ranging from 10% to 37% in contrast to the United States, which has an estimated Q fever seroprevalence of 3.1% (Botros et al. 1995, Meskini et al. 1995, Anderson et al. 2009). There is no data available for Q fever seroprevalence in Iraq. As a consequence, native populations in these regions may be more likely to possess immunity, and newcomers, such as U. S. military personnel, would be vulnerable to acute infection (Derrick 1973). We report on the possible sexual transmission of C. burnetii from a serviceman in the late recovery of acute Q fever to his wife. C1 [Tancik, Corey] Univ New Mexico, Div Infect Dis, Dept Internal Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Anderson, Alicia D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hofinger, Diedre; Lee, Samuel A.; Tancik, Corey] New Mexico Vet Healthcare Syst, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Tancik, C (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Div Infect Dis, Dept Internal Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, 1 Camino Salud ACC5, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM ctancik@salud.unm.edu NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 539 EP 541 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.0101 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 613LF UT WOS:000278980100017 PM 20020811 ER PT J AU Tauxe, RV Doyle, MP Kuchenmuller, T Schlundt, J Stein, CE AF Tauxe, R. V. Doyle, M. P. Kuchenmueller, T. Schlundt, J. Stein, C. E. TI Evolving public health approaches to the global challenge of foodborne infections SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Future Challenges to Microbial Food Safety CY JUN 09-12, 2008 CL Wolfheze, NETHERLANDS SP Netherlands Food & Consumer Prod Safety Authority, European Food Safety Authority DE Foodborne diseases; Public health; Surveillance; Outbreak response; Attribution; Burden of disease; Emerging diseases ID FROZEN CHICKEN NUGGETS; SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS INFECTIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI SEROTYPE; IDENTIFIED RISK-FACTOR; 5 FOODNET SITES; UNITED-STATES; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; HEIDELBERG INFECTIONS; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK AB The landscape of foodborne infections is in flux. New pathogens emerge, established pathogens may acquire new characteristics and appear in unexpected food vehicles, while many existing problems remain unsolved. Consumers want more fresh foods year round, populations age and migrate, and the technologies and trade practices that produce foods change. Protecting the public health and minimizing the burden of foodborne illness mean expecting the unexpected, and being prepared to understand it when it occurs, so that prevention can be improved. Public health surveillance is also constantly evolving, as new diseases emerge and are judged worthy of notification, as new diagnostic tests change the ease and specificity of routine diagnosis and as social interest in particular issues waxes and wanes. Accurate health information, including reliable estimates of the burden of foodborne disease, can improve foodbome disease prevention, foster global health security, promote economic growth and development and strengthen evidence-based policy making. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tauxe, R. V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Doyle, M. P.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Kuchenmueller, T.; Schlundt, J.; Stein, C. E.] WHO, Dept Food Safety Zoonoses & Foodborne Dis, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. RP Tauxe, RV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvt1@cdc.gov; mdoyle@uga.edu; steinc@who.int OI Schlundt, Jorgen/0000-0002-3336-2935 NR 104 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAY 30 PY 2010 VL 139 SU 1 SI SI BP S16 EP S28 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.10.014 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 611CI UT WOS:000278787800003 PM 19931203 ER PT J AU Stergachis, A Bartlein, RJK Dodoo, A Nwokike, J Kachur, SP AF Stergachis, Andy Bartlein, Rebecca J. K. Dodoo, Alexander Nwokike, Jude Kachur, S. Patrick TI A situational analysis of pharmacovigilance plans in the Global Fund Malaria and US President's Malaria Initiative proposals SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY; AFRICA AB Background: Pharmacovigilance programmes can monitor and help ensure the safe use of medicines that are critical to the success of global public health programmes. The widespread deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) by national malaria control programmes as part of the overall Global Malaria Action Plan for malaria control to elimination and eradication makes ACT an excellent candidate for pharmacovigilance activities. In 2008, The Roll Back Malaria partnership issued guidelines for inclusion of pharmacovigilance in Global Fund and other related proposals. In light of this recommendation and the rapid scale-up of ACT worldwide, an analysis of Global Fund Round 8 proposals and the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) 2009 Malaria Operational Plans was conducted to assess if and how pharmacovigilance has been incorporated into countries' national malaria plans and donor budget requests. Methods: The Global Fund - Malaria Round 8 proposals for the 26 countries and the PMI Malaria Operational Plans (MOPs) for fiscal year 2009 for the 15 countries that were approved and received funding from either the Global Fund - Malaria Round 8 or PMI were accessed through the programme websites. The analysis consisted of conducting word counts and key word in context analyses of each proposal and plan. Results: Twelve out of 26 (46%) of the Global Fund proposals mentioned that established pharmacovigilance systems were present in their countries. Four of the fifteen PMI MOPs (27%) mentioned that established pharmacovigilance systems were present in their countries. Only seven of the 26 (27%) Global Fund proposals included a request for funding for new or current pharmacovigilance activities. Seven of 15 (47%) MOPs included a request for funding for pharmacovigilance activities. Conclusions: There were relatively few requests for funding for pharmacovigilance activities, demonstrating a lack of emphasis placed on pharmacovigilance systems in recipient countries. The findings stress the need for more active direction to strengthen active surveillance and passive adverse event reporting systems to augment the issuance of guidance documents. C1 [Stergachis, Andy; Bartlein, Rebecca J. K.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andy] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dodoo, Alexander] Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Ctr Trop Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut, Accra, Ghana. [Nwokike, Jude] Ctr Pharmaceut Management, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stergachis, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM stergach@uw.edu RI Nwokike, Jude/M-9378-2014 OI Nwokike, Jude/0000-0003-4093-2606 FU The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; USAID; President's Malaria Initiative FX Jude Nwokike works for the Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems Program, which receives funding from USAID and specifically from the President's Malaria Initiative.; Professor Stergachis acknowledges support from The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 30 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 148 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-148 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 617FE UT WOS:000279265500001 PM 20509971 ER PT J AU McNulty, S Bornmann, W Schriewer, J Werner, C Smith, SK Olson, VA Damon, IK Buller, M Heuser, J Kalman, D AF McNulty, Shannon Bornmann, William Schriewer, Jill Werner, Chas Smith, Scott K. Olson, Victoria A. Damon, Inger K. Buller, Mark Heuser, John Kalman, Daniel TI Multiple Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Regulate Vaccinia Virus Morphogenesis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTRACELLULAR MATURE VIRIONS; DISULFIDE BOND FORMATION; POST-GOLGI VESICLES; STRAIN L CELLS; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; TYROSINE KINASES; F13L PROTEIN; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE 3-KINASES AB Poxvirus morphogenesis is a complex process that involves the successive wrapping of the virus in host cell membranes. We screened by plaque assay a focused library of kinase inhibitors for those that caused a reduction in viral growth and identified several compounds that selectively inhibit phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Previous studies demonstrated that PI3Ks mediate poxviral entry. Using growth curves and electron microscopy in conjunction with inhibitors, we show that that PI3Ks additionally regulate morphogenesis at two distinct steps: immature to mature virion (IMV) transition, and IMV envelopment to form intracellular enveloped virions (IEV). Cells derived from animals lacking the p85 regulatory subunit of Type I PI3Ks (p85 alpha(-/-)beta(-/-)) presented phenotypes similar to those observed with PI3K inhibitors. In addition, VV appear to redundantly use PI3Ks, as PI3K inhibitors further reduce plaque size and number in p85 alpha(-/-)beta(-/-) cells. Together, these data provide evidence for a novel regulatory mechanism for virion morphogenesis involving phosphatidylinositol dynamics and may represent a new therapeutic target to contain poxviruses. C1 [McNulty, Shannon] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Microbiol & Mol Genet Grad Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bornmann, William] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Schriewer, Jill; Buller, Mark] St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Smith, Scott K.; Olson, Victoria A.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus Team,Natl Ctr Zoonot Viral & Enter Dis, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heuser, John] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Kalman, Daniel] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP McNulty, S (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Microbiol & Mol Genet Grad Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dkalman@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R56A105896101A2, R01A107246201A2] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health R56A105896101A2 and R01A107246201A2 to DK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 28 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10884 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010884 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 603QC UT WOS:000278222100013 PM 20526370 ER PT J AU Allen, JD Coronado, GD Williams, RS Glenn, B Escoffery, C Fernandez, M Tuff, RA Wilson, KM Mullen, PD AF Allen, Jennifer D. Coronado, Gloria D. Williams, Rebecca S. Glenn, Beth Escoffery, Cam Fernandez, Maria Tuff, Raegan A. Wilson, Katherine M. Mullen, Patricia Dolan TI A systematic review of measures used in studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptability SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Human papillomavirus; Vaccine; Measures; Methods; Systematic review ID YOUNG-ADULT MEN; CERVICAL-CANCER; PARENTAL ATTITUDES; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; ADOLESCENT CHILDREN; WOMENS ATTITUDES; HEALTH-EDUCATION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; RISK-FACTORS AB Background: The recent proliferation of studies describing factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptability could inform health care providers in improving vaccine coverage and support future research. This review examined measures of HPV and HPV-vaccine knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and acceptability, described psychometric characteristics, and provided recommendations about their use. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, CINAHL, PsychoInfo, and ERIC through May 2008 for English language reports of quantitative data from parents, young adults or adolescents yielded 79 studies. Results: The majority of studies were cross-sectional surveys (87%), self-administered (67%), conducted before prophylactic vaccines were publicly available (67%) and utilized convenience samples (65%). Most measured knowledge (80%), general attitudes about HPV vaccination (40%), and willingness to vaccinate one's daughter (26%). Two-thirds did not report reliability or validity of measures. The majority did not specify a theoretical framework. Conclusions: Use of a theoretical framework, consistent labeling of constructs, more rigorous validation of measures, and testing of measures in more diverse samples are needed to yield measurement instruments that will produce findings to guide practitioners in developing successful community and clinical interventions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Allen, Jennifer D.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Community Based Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Allen, Jennifer D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Coronado, Gloria D.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Williams, Rebecca S.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Glenn, Beth] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Glenn, Beth] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Escoffery, Cam] Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fernandez, Maria; Mullen, Patricia Dolan] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Tuff, Raegan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Katherine M.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. RP Allen, JD (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Community Based Res, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jennifer_allen@dfci.harvard.edu RI Escoffery, Cam/F-8030-2011; Allen, Jennifer/M-2113-2015 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cancer Prevention and Control Research Networks (CPCRN) at Emory University School of Public Health [1-U48-DP00043]; Harvard School of Public Health/Boston School of Public Health [1-U48-DP000064]; Morehouse School of Medicine, Prevention Research Center [1-U48-DP000056]; University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health [1-U48-DP000059]; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention [1-U48-DP000056]; University of Texas School of Public Health [1-U48-DP-000057]; University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [1-U48-DP000050] FX Research for this publication was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) cooperative agreements for the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Networks (CPCRN) at Emory University School of Public Health (1-U48-DP00043); Harvard School of Public Health/Boston School of Public Health (1-U48-DP000064); Morehouse School of Medicine, Prevention Research Center (1-U48-DP000056); University of California at Los Angeles School of Public Health (1-U48-DP000059); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (1-U48-DP000056); University of Texas School of Public Health (1-U48-DP-000057); and University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (1-U48-DP000050). NR 117 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 28 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 24 BP 4027 EP 4037 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.063 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 614NE UT WOS:000279065400003 PM 20412875 ER PT J AU Vaidya, SA Manning, SE Dhankhar, P Meltzer, MI Rupprecht, C Hull, HF Fishbein, DB AF Vaidya, Sagar A. Manning, Susan E. Dhankhar, Praveen Meltzer, Martin I. Rupprecht, Charles Hull, Harry F. Fishbein, Daniel B. TI Estimating the risk of rabies transmission to humans in the US: a delphi analysis SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; NEW-YORK AB Background: In the United States, the risk of rabies transmission to humans in most situations of possible exposure is unknown. Controlled studies on rabies are clearly not possible. Thus, the limited data on risk has led to the frequent administration of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), often in inappropriate circumstances. Methods: We used the Delphi method to obtain an expert group consensus estimate of the risk of rabies transmission to humans in seven scenarios of potential rabies exposure. We also surveyed and discussed the merits of recommending rabies PEP for each scenario. Results: The median risk of rabies transmission without rabies PEP for a bite exposure by a skunk, bat, cat, and dog was estimated to be 0.05, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.00001, respectively. Rabies PEP was unanimously recommended in these scenarios. However, rabies PEP was overwhelmingly not recommended for non-bite exposures (e. g. dog licking hand but unavailable for subsequent testing), estimated to have less than 1 in 1,000,000 (0.000001) risk of transmission. Conclusions: Our results suggest that there are many common situations in which the risk of rabies transmission is so low that rabies PEP should not be recommended. These risk estimates also provide a key parameter for cost-effective models of human rabies prevention and can be used to educate health professionals about situation-specific administration of rabies PEP. C1 [Vaidya, Sagar A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Combined Internal Med Pediat Program, New York, NY 10128 USA. [Manning, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vaidya, Sagar A.; Manning, Susan E.; Fishbein, Daniel B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dhankhar, Praveen; Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hull, Harry F.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Hull, Harry F.] HF Hull & Associates LLC, St Paul, MN 55116 USA. [Fishbein, Daniel B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vaidya, SA (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Combined Internal Med Pediat Program, 1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10128 USA. EM sagar.vaidya@mssm.edu FU University of California Los Angeles Medical Scientist Training Program [GM 08042] FX We thank the Delphi participants: Alice Chapman, Ben Sun, Boonlert Lumlert-dacha, Carina Blackmore, Cathleen Hanlon, Charles V. Trimarchi, Faye E. Sorhage, Ivan Kuzmin, Jesse Blanton, Jim Kazmierczak, Joni Scheftel, Kirk Smith, Laura Robinson, Lisa Conti, Marta Guerra, Mary Grace Stobierski, Michael Auslander, Mira J. Leslie, Paul Ettestad, and Suzanne Jenkins. S. A. V was supported by the University of California Los Angeles Medical Scientist Training Program Grant GM 08042. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 26 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 278 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-278 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 625NT UT WOS:000279902800002 PM 20500896 ER PT J AU Farley, MM Petit, S Harrison, LH Hollick, RA Zansky, SM Gershman, K Schaffner, W Barnes, B McMinn, T Thomas, A Kirley, PD Baumbach, J Lexau, C Henry, J Beall, B Whitney, CG Moore, M Nuorti, JP Rosen, JB AF Farley, M. M. Petit, S. Harrison, L. H. Hollick, R. A. Zansky, S. M. Gershman, K. Schaffner, W. Barnes, B. McMinn, T. Thomas, A. Kirley, P. D. Baumbach, J. Lexau, C. Henry, J. Beall, B. Whitney, C. G. Moore, M. Nuorti, J. P. Rosen, J. B. TI Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Young Children Before Licensure of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine-United States, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 253-257, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID 19A C1 [Harrison, L. H.; Hollick, R. A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zansky, S. M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Schaffner, W.; Barnes, B.; McMinn, T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lexau, C.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Rosen, J. B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 26 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 20 BP 2024 EP 2026 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 600VY UT WOS:000278018200009 ER PT J AU Mung, K Renamy, B Vely, JF Magloire, R Wells, N Ferguson, J Townes, D McMorrow, M Tan, K Divine, B Slutsker, L AF Mung, K. Renamy, B. Vely, J. F. Magloire, R. Wells, N. Ferguson, J. Townes, D. McMorrow, M. Tan, K. Divine, B. Slutsker, L. TI Licensure of a 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) and Recommendations for Use Among Children-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010 (Reprinted from vol 59, pg 258-261, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Townes, D.; McMorrow, M.; Tan, K.; Divine, B.; Slutsker, L.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 26 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 20 BP 2026 EP 2028 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 600VY UT WOS:000278018200010 ER PT J AU Mung, K Renamy, B Vely, JF Magloire, R Wells, N Ferguson, J Townes, D McMorrow, M Tan, K Divine, B Slutsker, L AF Mung, K. Renamy, B. Vely, J. F. Magloire, R. Wells, N. Ferguson, J. Townes, D. McMorrow, M. Tan, K. Divine, B. Slutsker, L. TI Malaria Acquired in Haiti-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 217-219, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Townes, D.; McMorrow, M.; Tan, K.; Divine, B.; Slutsker, L.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 26 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 20 BP 2028 EP 2029 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 600VY UT WOS:000278018200011 ER PT J AU Tokars, JI English, R McMurray, P Rhodes, B AF Tokars, Jerome I. English, Roseanne McMurray, Paul Rhodes, Barry TI Summary of data reported to CDC's national automated biosurveillance system, 2008 SO BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; ILLNESS; CLASSIFICATION; DISEASES; RECORDS; SALES AB Background: BioSense is the US national automated biosurveillance system. Data regarding chief complaints and diagnoses are automatically pre-processed into 11 broader syndromes (e. g., respiratory) and 78 narrower sub-syndromes (e. g., asthma). The objectives of this report are to present the types of illness and injury that can be studied using these data and the frequency of visits for the syndromes and sub-syndromes in the various data types; this information will facilitate use of the system and comparison with other systems. Methods: For each major data source, we summarized information on the facilities, timeliness, patient demographics, and rates of visits for each syndrome and sub-syndrome. Results: In 2008, the primary data sources were the 333 US Department of Defense, 770 US Veterans Affairs, and 532 civilian hospital emergency department facilities. Median times from patient visit to record receipt at CDC were 2.2 days, 2.0 days, and 4 hours for these sources respectively. Among sub-syndromes, we summarize mean 2008 visit rates in 45 infectious disease categories, 11 injury categories, 7 chronic disease categories, and 15 other categories. Conclusions: We present a systematic summary of data that is automatically available to public health departments for monitoring and responding to emergencies. C1 [Tokars, Jerome I.; English, Roseanne; McMurray, Paul; Rhodes, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tokars, JI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jit1@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6947 J9 BMC MED INFORM DECIS JI BMC Med. Inform. Decis. Mak. PD MAY 25 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 30 DI 10.1186/1472-6947-10-30 PG 12 WC Medical Informatics SC Medical Informatics GA 625UT UT WOS:000279921700001 PM 20500863 ER PT J AU Ji, YX Xu, ST Zhang, Y Zhu, ZY Mao, NH Jiang, XH Ma, C Lu, PS Wang, CY Liang, Y Zheng, HY Liu, Y Dai, DF Zheng, L Zhou, JH Wang, SA Zhang, ZY Wu, SW Nan, LJ Li, L Liang, XF Featherstone, DA Rota, PA Bellini, WJ Xu, WB AF Ji, Yixin Xu, Songtao Zhang, Yan Zhu, Zhen Mao, Naiying Jiang, Xiaohong Ma, Chao Lu, Peishan Wang, Changyin Liang, Yong Zheng, Huanying Liu, Yang Dai, Defang Zheng, Lei Zhou, Jianhui Wang, Shuang Zhang, Zhenying Wu, Shengwei Nan, Lijuan Li, Li Liang, Xiaofeng Featherstone, David Alexander Rota, Paul A. Bellini, William J. Xu, Wenbo TI Genetic characterization of wild-type measles viruses isolated in China, 2006-2007 SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; ELIMINATION AB Molecular characterization of wild-type measles viruses in China during 1995-2004 demonstrated that genotype H1 was endemic and widely distributed throughout the country. H1-associated cases and outbreaks caused a resurgence of measles beginning in 2005. A total of 210,094 measles cases and 101 deaths were reported by National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System (NNDRS) and Chinese Measles Laboratory Network (LabNet) from 2006 to 2007, and the incidences of measles were 6.8/100,000 population and 7.2/100,000 population in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Five hundred and sixty-five wild-type measles viruses were isolated from 24 of 31 provinces in mainland China during 2006 and 2007, and all of the wild type virus isolates belonged to cluster 1 of genotype H1. These results indicated that H1-cluster 1 viruses were the predominant viruses circulating in China from 2006 to 2007. This study contributes to previous efforts to generate critical baseline data about circulating wild-type measles viruses in China that will allow molecular epidemiologic studies to help measure the progress made toward China's goal of measles elimination by 2012. C1 [Ji, Yixin; Xu, Songtao; Zhang, Yan; Zhu, Zhen; Mao, Naiying; Jiang, Xiaohong; Xu, Wenbo] China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO WPRO Reg Reference Measles Lab, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Ji, Yixin; Xu, Songtao; Zhang, Yan; Zhu, Zhen; Mao, Naiying; Jiang, Xiaohong; Xu, Wenbo] China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Lu, Peishan] Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Changyin] Shandong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Huanying] Guangdong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Foshan, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Featherstone, David Alexander] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Rota, Paul A.; Bellini, William J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Xu, WB (reprint author), China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO WPRO Reg Reference Measles Lab, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM wenbo_xu1@yahoo.com.cn FU National Ministry of Science and Technology [2008ZX10004-008, 2008ZX10004-014-5, 2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202]; WHO FX This study was supported by Grants: The Key Technologies R&D Program of National Ministry of Science and Technology: 2008ZX10004-008, 2008ZX10004-014-5, 2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202, and WHO EPI project. The key technologies R&D program funding play a role in the interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. WHO EPI project fills the role of study design, data collection and analysis. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD MAY 25 PY 2010 VL 7 AR 105 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-7-105 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 621CV UT WOS:000279552400001 PM 20500809 ER PT J AU Diaz, JC Song, Y Moore, A Borchert, JN Kohn, MH AF Diaz, Juan C. Song, Ying Moore, Anthony Borchert, Jeff N. Kohn, Michael H. TI Analysis of vkorc1 polymorphisms in Norway rats using the roof rat as outgroup SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article ID WARFARIN-RESISTANCE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NORVEGICUS; SELECTION; MUTATIONS; SOFTWARE; GENE AB Background: Certain mutations in the vitamin K epoxide reductase subcomponent 1 gene (vkorc1) mediate rodent resistance to warfarin and other anticoagulants. Testing for resistance often involves analysis of the vkorc1. However, a genetic test for the roof rat (Rattus rattus) has yet to be developed. Moreover, an available roof rat vkorc1 sequence would enable species identification based on vkorc1 sequence and the evaluation of natural selection on particular vkorc1 polymorphisms in the Norway rat (R. norvegicus). Results: We report the coding sequence, introns and 5' and 3' termini for the vkorc1 gene of roof rats (R. r. alexandrinus and R. r. frugivorus) from Uganda, Africa. Newly designed PCR primers now enable genetic testing of the roof rat and Norway rat. Only synonymous and noncoding polymorphisms were found in roof rats from Uganda. Both nominal subspecies of roof rats were indistinguishable from each other but were distinct from R. losea and R. flavipectus; however, the roof rat also shares at least three coding sequence polymorphisms with R. losea and R. flavipectus. Many of recently published vkorc1 synonymous and non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Norway rats are likely SNPs from roof rats and/or other Rattus species. Tests applied to presumably genuine Norway rat vkorc1 SNPs are consistent with a role for selection in two populations carrying the derived Phe63Cys and Tyr139Cys mutations. Conclusion: Geographic mapping of vkorc1 SNPs in roof rats should be facilitated by our report. Our assay should be applicable to most species of Rattus, which are intermediate in genetic distance from roof and Norway rats. Vkorc1-mediated resistance due to non-synonymous coding SNPs is not segregating in roof rats from Uganda. By using the roof rat sequence as a reference vkorc1, SNPs now can be assigned to the correct rat species with more confidence. Sampling designs and genotyping strategies employed so far have helped detect candidate mutations underlying vkorc1-mediated resistance, but generally provided unsuitable data to test for selection. We propose that our understanding of vkorc1-mediated evolution of resistance in rodents would benefit from the adoption of sampling and genotyping designs that enable tests for selection on vkorc1. C1 [Diaz, Juan C.; Song, Ying; Moore, Anthony; Kohn, Michael H.] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Borchert, Jeff N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Kohn, MH (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 6100 Main St,MS 170, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM hmkohn@rice.edu FU Mellon Mays; NIH NHLBI [R01 (RHL091007A)] FX We thank Salomon Durrani, Aaron Thomas, and Gustavo Chagoya for help in the laboratory. We express our gratitude to Linda Atiku, Joseph Mpanga and Nackson Babi (Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda) for assistance with rodent collections. AM was partially supported by a Mellon Mays undergraduate fellowship. JCD, YS and MHK were partially supported by grant NIH NHLBI R01 (RHL091007A). NR 42 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD MAY 24 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 43 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-11-43 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 624YV UT WOS:000279859100001 PM 20497562 ER PT J AU Lonnroth, K Castro, KG Chakaya, JM Chauhan, LS Floyd, K Glaziou, P Raviglione, MC AF Loennroth, Knut Castro, Kenneth G. Chakaya, Jeremiah Muhwa Chauhan, Lakhbir Singh Floyd, Katherine Glaziou, Philippe Raviglione, Mario C. TI Tuberculosis control and elimination 2010-50: cure, care, and social development SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; GLOBAL HEALTH; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DOTS STRATEGY; ALCOHOL-USE; RISK-FACTOR; TRENDS AB Rapid expansion of the standardised approach to tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment that is recommended by WHO allowed more than 36 million people to be cured between 1995 and 2008, averting up to 6 million deaths. Yet tuberculosis remains a severe global public health threat. There are more than 9 million new cases every year worldwide, and the incidence rate is falling at less than 1% per year. Although the overall target related to the Millennium Development Goals of halting and beginning to reverse the epidemic might have already been reached in 2004, the more important long-term elimination target set for 2050 will not be met with present strategies and instruments. Several key challenges persist. Many vulnerable people do not have access to affordable services of sufficient quality. Technologies for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are old and inadequate. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a serious threat in many settings. HIV/AIDS continues to fuel the tuberculosis epidemic, especially in Africa. Furthermore, other risk factors and underlying social determinants help to maintain tuberculosis in the community. Acceleration of the decline towards elimination of this disease will need invigorated actions in four broad areas: continued scale-up of early diagnosis and proper treatment for all forms of tuberculosis in line with the Stop TB Strategy; development and enforcement of bold health-system policies; establishment of links with the broader development agenda; and promotion and intensification of research towards innovations. C1 [Loennroth, Knut; Floyd, Katherine; Glaziou, Philippe; Raviglione, Mario C.] WHO, Stop TB Dept, CH-1211 Geneva 27, GE, Switzerland. [Castro, Kenneth G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chakaya, Jeremiah Muhwa] Natl Leprosy & TB Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Chakaya, Jeremiah Muhwa] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Chauhan, Lakhbir Singh] Minist Hlth & Family Welf, New Delhi, India. RP Lonnroth, K (reprint author), WHO, Stop TB Dept, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, GE, Switzerland. EM lonnrothk@who.int RI Lonnroth, Knut/L-2339-2014; OI Lonnroth, Knut/0000-0001-5054-8240; Glaziou, Philippe/0000-0002-0649-1272 NR 138 TC 281 Z9 294 U1 4 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 22 PY 2010 VL 375 IS 9728 BP 1814 EP 1829 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60483-7 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603NY UT WOS:000278216500033 PM 20488524 ER PT J AU Gandhi, NR Nunn, P Dheda, K Schaaf, HS Zignol, M van Soolingen, D Jensen, P Bayona, J AF Gandhi, Neel R. Nunn, Paul Dheda, Keertan Schaaf, H. Simon Zignol, Matteo van Soolingen, Dick Jensen, Paul Bayona, Jaime TI Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a threat to global control of tuberculosis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; COMMUNITY-BASED THERAPY; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; XDR-TB; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; TREATMENT OUTCOMES AB Although progress has been made to reduce global incidence of drug-susceptible tuberculosis, the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis during the past decade threatens to undermine these advances. However, countries are responding far too slowly. Of the estimated 440000 cases of MDR tuberculosis that occurred in 2008, only 7% were identified and reported to WHO. Of these cases, only a fifth were treated according to WHO standards. Although treatment of MDR and XDR tuberculosis is possible with currently available diagnostic techniques and drugs, the treatment course is substantially more costly and laborious than for drug-susceptible tuberculosis, with higher rates of treatment failure and mortality. Nonetheless, a few countries provide examples of how existing technologies can be used to reverse the epidemic of MDR tuberculosis within a decade. Major improvements in laboratory capacity, infection control, performance of tuberculosis control programmes, and treatment regimens for both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant disease will be needed, together with a massive scale-up in diagnosis and treatment of MDR and XDR tuberculosis to prevent drug-resistant strains from becoming the dominant form of tuberculosis. New diagnostic tests and drugs are likely to become available during the next few years and should accelerate control of MDR and XDR tuberculosis. Equally important, especially in the highest-burden countries of India, China, and Russia, will be a commitment to tuberculosis control including improvements in national policies and health systems that remove financial barriers to treatment, encourage rational drug use, and create the infrastructure necessary to manage MDR tuberculosis on a national scale. C1 [Gandhi, Neel R.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10467 USA. [Gandhi, Neel R.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, New York, NY 10467 USA. [Gandhi, Neel R.] Tugela Ferry Care & Res Collaborat TF CARES, Tugela Ferry, South Africa. [Nunn, Paul; Zignol, Matteo] WHO, Stop TB Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Dheda, Keertan] Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Dheda, Keertan] Univ Cape Town, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Dheda, Keertan] UCL, Dept Infect, London, England. [Schaaf, H. Simon] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa. [van Soolingen, Dick] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, TB Reference Lab, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Jensen, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bayona, Jaime] Socios Salud & Partners Hlth, Lima, Peru. RP Gandhi, NR (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, 111 E 210 St, New York, NY 10467 USA. EM neelgandhi@alumni.williams.edu FU Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; South African Research Chair Initiative; MRC; European Union; EDCTP; South African Medical Research Council; National Research Foundation FX NRG is the recipient of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award. KD is supported by a South African Research Chair Initiative award, a MRC Career Development Fellowship, the European Union (FW7-TBsusgent), and the EDCTP (TESA and TB-NEAT). HSS is supported by the South African Medical Research Council and National Research Foundation for MDR TB studies. NR 152 TC 425 Z9 440 U1 18 U2 167 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 22 PY 2010 VL 375 IS 9728 BP 1830 EP 1843 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60410-2 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 603NY UT WOS:000278216500034 PM 20488523 ER PT J AU Li, R Zhang, P Barker, L Hartsfield, D AF Li, Rui Zhang, Ping Barker, Lawrence Hartsfield, DeKeely TI Impact of state mandatory insurance coverage on the use of diabetes preventive care SO BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; POPULATION; ADULTS; EDUCATION; BURDENS AB Background: 46 U.S. states and the District of Columbia have passed laws and regulations mandating that health insurance plans cover diabetes treatment and preventive care. Previous research on state mandates suggested that these policies had little impact, since many health plans already covered the benefits. Here, we analyze the contents of and model the effect of state mandates. We examined how state mandates impacted the likelihood of using three types of diabetes preventive care: annual eye exams, annual foot exams, and performing daily self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Methods: We collected information on diabetes benefits specified in state mandates and time the mandates were enacted. To assess impact, we used data that the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System gathered between 1996 and 2000. 4,797 individuals with self-reported diabetes and covered by private insurance were included; 3,195 of these resided in the 16 states that passed state mandates between 1997 and 1999; 1,602 resided in the 8 states or the District of Columbia without state mandates by 2000. Multivariate logistic regression models (with state fixed effect, controlling for patient demographic characteristics and socio-economic status, state characteristics, and time trend) were used to model the association between passing state mandates and the usage of the forms of diabetes preventive care, both individually and collectively. Results: All 16 states that passed mandates between 1997 and 1999 required coverage of diabetic monitors and strips, while 15 states required coverage of diabetes self management education. Only 1 state required coverage of periodic eye and foot exams. State mandates were positively associated with a 6.3 (P = 0.04) and a 5.8 (P = 0.03) percentage point increase in the probability of privately insured diabetic patient's performing SMBG and simultaneous receiving all three preventive care, respectively; state mandates were not significantly associated with receiving annual diabetic eye (0.05 percentage points decrease, P = 0.92) or foot exams (2.3 percentage points increase, P = 0.45). Conclusions: Effects of state mandates varied by preventive care type, with state mandates being associated with a small increase in SMBG. We found no evidence that state mandates were effective in increasing receipt of annual eye or foot exams. The small or non-significant effects might be attributed to small numbers of insured people not having the benefits prior to the mandates' passage. If state mandates' purpose is to provide improved benefits to many persons, policy makers should consider determining the number of people who might benefit prior to passing the mandate. C1 [Li, Rui; Zhang, Ping; Barker, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hartsfield, DeKeely] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Rli2@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6963 J9 BMC HEALTH SERV RES JI BMC Health Serv. Res. PD MAY 21 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 133 DI 10.1186/1472-6963-10-133 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 605WZ UT WOS:000278380400001 PM 20492699 ER PT J AU Ranjan, P Jayashankar, L Deyde, V Zeng, H Davis, WG Pearce, MB Bowzard, JB Hoelscher, MA Jeisy-Scott, V Wiens, ME Gangappa, S Gubareva, L Garcia-Sastre, A Katz, JM Tumpey, TM Fujita, T Sambhara, S AF Ranjan, Priya Jayashankar, Lakshmi Deyde, Varough Zeng, Hui Davis, William G. Pearce, Melissa B. Bowzard, John B. Hoelscher, Mary A. Jeisy-Scott, Victoria Wiens, Mayim E. Gangappa, Shivaprakash Gubareva, Larisa Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. Fujita, Takashi Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI 5 ' PPP-RNA induced RIG-I activation inhibits drug-resistant avian H5N1 as well as 1918 and 2009 pandemic influenza virus replication SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; ANTIVIRAL INNATE IMMUNITY; OSELTAMIVIR RESISTANCE; 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE RNA; CYTOSOLIC DNA; NS1 PROTEIN; A VIRUS; INTERFERON; INDUCTION; RECOGNITION AB Background: Emergence of drug-resistant strains of influenza viruses, including avian H5N1 with pandemic potential, 1918 and 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic viruses to currently used antiviral agents, neuraminidase inhibitors and M2 Ion channel blockers, underscores the importance of developing novel antiviral strategies. Activation of innate immune pathogen sensor Retinoic Acid Inducible Gene-I (RIG-I) has recently been shown to induce antiviral state. Results: In the present investigation, using real time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, immunoblot, and plaque assay we show that 5'PPP-containing single stranded RNA (5'PPP-RNA), a ligand for the intracytoplasmic RNA sensor, RIG-I can be used as a prophylactic agent against known drug-resistant avian H5N1 and pandemic influenza viruses. 5'PPP-RNA treatment of human lung epithelial cells inhibited replication of drug-resistant avian H5N1 as well as 1918 and 2009 pandemic influenza viruses in a RIG-I and type 1 interferon dependant manner. Additionally, 5'PPP-RNA treatment also inhibited 2009 H1N1 viral replication in vivo in mice. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that 5'PPP-RNA mediated activation of RIG-I can suppress replication of influenza viruses irrespective of their genetic make-up, pathogenicity, and drug-sensitivity status. C1 [Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Mol Genet Lab, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Ranjan, Priya; Jayashankar, Lakshmi; Deyde, Varough; Zeng, Hui; Davis, William G.; Pearce, Melissa B.; Bowzard, John B.; Hoelscher, Mary A.; Jeisy-Scott, Victoria; Wiens, Mayim E.; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Gubareva, Larisa; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Fujita, T (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Mol Genet Lab, Kyoto 606, Japan. EM tfujita@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp; ssambhara@cdc.gov OI Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU National Vaccine Program Office; NIAID [RO1 AI46954, U19 AI62623, P01 AI058113, U19 AI83025]; Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis, NIAID [HHSN266200700010C] FX We thank Alexander Klimov and Nancy Cox for their advice and critical reading of this manuscript. These studies are funded by a grant awarded to SS by National Vaccine Program Office, and by NIAID grants RO1 AI46954, U19 AI62623, P01 AI058113, U19 AI83025, and CRIP (Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis, NIAID contract number HHSN266200700010C to AG-S. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD MAY 21 PY 2010 VL 7 AR 102 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-7-102 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 621CP UT WOS:000279551700001 PM 20492658 ER PT J AU Anek-vorapong, R Sinthuwattanawibool, C Podewils, LJ McCarthy, K Ngamlert, K Promsarin, B Varma, JK AF Anek-vorapong, Rapeepun Sinthuwattanawibool, Chalinthorn Podewils, Laura Jean McCarthy, Kimberly Ngamlert, Keerataya Promsarin, Busakorn Varma, Jay K. TI Validation of the GenoType (R) MTBDRplus assay for detection of MDR-TB in a public health laboratory in Thailand SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; ISONIAZID RESISTANCE; SOUTH-AFRICA; PERFORMANCE; RIFAMPIN; MUTATIONS; STRAINS AB Background: Over the past several years, new diagnostic techniques have been developed to allow for the rapid detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis. The GenoType (R) MTBDRplus test is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strip assay which uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization to detect genetic mutations in the genes that confer isoniazid (INH) and rifampn (RIF) resistance. This assay has demonstrated good performance and a rapid time to results, making this a promising tool to accelerate MDR-TB diagnosis and improve MDR-TB control. Validation of rapid tests for MDR-TB detection in different settings is needed to ensure acceptable performance, particularly in Asia, which has the largest number of MDR-TB cases in the world but only one previous report, in Vietnam, about the performance of the GenoType (R) MDRplus assay. Thailand is ranked 18(th) of 22 "high-burden" TB countries in the world, and there is evidence to suggest that rates of MDR-TB are increasing in Thailand. We compared the performance of the GenoType (R) MTBDRplus assay to Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube for Antimycobacterial Susceptibility Testing (MGIT AST) for detection INH resistance, RIF resistance, and MDR-TB in stored acid-fast bacilli (AFB)-positive sputum specimens and isolates at a Public TB laboratory in Bangkok, Thailand. Methods: 50 stored isolates and 164 stored AFB-positive sputum specimens were tested using both the MGIT AST and the GenoType (R) MTBDRplus assay. Results: The GenoType (R) MTBDRplus assay had a sensitivity of 95.3%, 100%, and 94.4% for INH resistance, RIF resistance, and MDR-TB, respectively. The difference in sensitivity between sputum specimens (93%) and isolates (100%) for INH resistance was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). Specificity was 100% for all resistance patterns and for both specimens and isolates. The laboratory processing time was a median of 25 days for MGIT AST and 5 days for the GenoType (R) MTBDRplus (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The GenoType (R) MTBDRplus assay has been validated as a rapid and reliable first-line diagnostic test on AFB-positive sputum or MTB isolates for INH resistance, RIF resistance, and MDR-TB in Bangkok, Thailand. Further studies are needed to evaluate its impact on treatment outcome and the feasibility and cost associated with widespread implementation. C1 [Podewils, Laura Jean; McCarthy, Kimberly; Varma, Jay K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anek-vorapong, Rapeepun; Ngamlert, Keerataya; Promsarin, Busakorn] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Hlth Lab Div, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sinthuwattanawibool, Chalinthorn; Varma, Jay K.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Anek-vorapong, Rapeepun; Sinthuwattanawibool, Chalinthorn; Podewils, Laura Jean; McCarthy, Kimberly; Ngamlert, Keerataya; Promsarin, Busakorn; Varma, Jay K.] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Dept Dis Control, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD MAY 20 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 123 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-10-123 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 625KW UT WOS:000279895100003 PM 20487550 ER PT J AU Edge, SB Mallin, K Palis, BE Stewart, A Newcorner, LN Walczak, DE Singer, J Barron, J Blumenthal, WJ Warther, BL AF Edge, S. B. Mallin, K. Palis, B. E. Stewart, A. Newcorner, L. N. Walczak, D. E. Singer, J. Barron, J. Blumenthal, W. J. Warther, B. L. TI State-wide application of breast and colon cancer quality measures (QMs) using linked claims and registry data SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Amer Coll Surg, Commiss Canc, Chicago, IL USA. United Hlth Grp, Edina, MN USA. Optumhlth Solut, Golden Valley, MN USA. HealthCore Inc, Wilmington, DE USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Ohio Canc Incidence Surveillance Syst, Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 15 SU S MA 6004 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V30YT UT WOS:000208852004283 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Sujha, S Trogdon, J AF Ekwueme, D. U. Sujha, S. Trogdon, J. TI Cost of breast cancer treatment and follow-up care in Medicaid beneficiaries: Implications for state programs providing coverage for low-income women. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RTI Int, Waltham, MA USA. RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 15 SU S MA e12000 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V30YT UT WOS:000208852000128 ER PT J AU Tai, E Richardson, LC Townsend, J Howard, E McDonald, C AF Tai, E. Richardson, L. C. Townsend, J. Howard, E. McDonald, C. TI Clostridium difficile infection among children with cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Austin, Austin, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 15 SU S MA 9577 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V30YT UT WOS:000208852005504 ER PT J AU Nahid, P Bliven, EE Kim, EY Mac Kenzie, WR Stout, JE Diem, L Johnson, JL Gagneux, S Hopewell, PC Kato-Maeda, M AF Nahid, Payam Bliven, Erin E. Kim, Elizabeth Y. Mac Kenzie, William R. Stout, Jason E. Diem, Lois Johnson, John L. Gagneux, Sebastien Hopewell, Philip C. Kato-Maeda, Midori CA TB Trials Consortium TI Influence of M. tuberculosis Lineage Variability within a Clinical Trial for Pulmonary Tuberculosis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; GENOTYPE; STRAINS; DIVERSITY AB Recent studies suggest that M. tuberculosis lineage and host genetics interact to impact how active tuberculosis presents clinically. We determined the phylogenetic lineages of M. tuberculosis isolates from participants enrolled in the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 28, conducted in Brazil, Canada, South Africa, Spain, Uganda and the United States, and secondarily explored the relationship between lineage, clinical presentation and response to treatment. Large sequence polymorphisms and single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed to determine lineage and sublineage of isolates. Of 306 isolates genotyped, 246 (80.4%) belonged to the Euro-American lineage, with sublineage 724 predominating at African sites (99/192, 51.5%), and the Euro-American strains other than 724 predominating at non-African sites (89/114, 78.1%). Uneven distribution of lineages across regions limited our ability to discern significant associations, nonetheless, in univariate analyses, Euro-American sublineage 724 was associated with more severe disease at baseline, and along with the East Asian lineage was associated with lower bacteriologic conversion after 8 weeks of treatment. Disease presentation and response to drug treatment varied by lineage, but these associations were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for other variables associated with week-8 culture status. C1 [Nahid, Payam; Kim, Elizabeth Y.; Hopewell, Philip C.; Kato-Maeda, Midori] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Francis J Curry Natl TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bliven, Erin E.; Mac Kenzie, William R.; Diem, Lois] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stout, Jason E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Johnson, John L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Gagneux, Sebastien] Natl Inst Med Res, MRC, London NW7 1AA, England. [Gagneux, Sebastien] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. RP Nahid, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Francis J Curry Natl TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM pnahid@ucsf.edu RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013; OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339; Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet/0000-0002-9297-6208; Joloba, Moses/0000-0002-0334-9983; Stout, Jason/0000-0002-6698-8176; de Souza Galvao, Maria Luiza/0000-0001-9703-989X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K23HL092629]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI034238]; CDC FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Tuberculosis Trials Consortium and the National Institutes of Health through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K23HL092629) and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI034238). Several of the authors listed (EEB, LD and WRM) are employed by the the CDC-funded TBTC and are listed as they participated in the analysis of data and preparation of the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 20 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10753 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010753 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 600VP UT WOS:000278017300023 PM 20505778 ER PT J AU Pasipanodya, JG McNabb, SJN Hilsenrath, P Bae, S Lykens, K Vecino, E Munguia, G Miller, TL Drewyer, G Weis, SE AF Pasipanodya, Jotam G. McNabb, Scott J. N. Hilsenrath, Peter Bae, Sejong Lykens, Kristine Vecino, Edgar Munguia, Guadalupe Miller, Thaddeus L. Drewyer, Gerry Weis, Stephen E. TI Pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis and its contribution to TB burden SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ADJUSTED LIFE-YEARS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DISEASE AB Background: The health impacts of pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis (TB) treatment have not been included in assessments of TB burden. Therefore, previous global and national TB burden estimates do not reflect the full consequences of surviving TB. We assessed the burden of TB including pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis in Tarrant County, Texas using Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Methods: TB burden was calculated for all culture-confirmed TB patients treated at Tarrant County Public Health between January 2005 and December 2006 using identical methods and life tables as the Global Burden of Disease Study. Years of life-lost were calculated as the difference between life expectancy using standardized life tables and age-at-death from TB. Years lived-with-disability were calculated from age and gender-specific TB disease incidence using published disability weights. Non-fatal health impacts of TB were divided into years lived-with-disability-acute and years lived-with-disability-chronic. Years lived-with-disability-acute was defined as TB burden resulting from illness prior to completion of treatment including the burden from treatment-related side effects. Years lived-with-disability-chronic was defined as TB burden from disability resulting from pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis. Results: There were 224 TB cases in the time period, of these 177 were culture confirmed. These 177 subjects lost a total of 1189 DALYs. Of these 1189 DALYs 23% were from years of life-lost, 2% were from years lived-with-disability-acute and 75% were from years lived-with-disability-chronic. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the disease burden from TB is greater than previously estimated. Pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis was responsible for the majority of the burden. These data demonstrate that successful TB control efforts may reduce the health burden more than previously recognized. C1 [Pasipanodya, Jotam G.; Vecino, Edgar; Munguia, Guadalupe; Miller, Thaddeus L.; Weis, Stephen E.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Ft Worth, Dept Med, Ft Worth, TX USA. [McNabb, Scott J. N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drewyer, Gerry; Weis, Stephen E.] Tarrant Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Pasipanodya, Jotam G.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Div Infect Dis, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Hilsenrath, Peter] Univ Pacific, Eberhardt Sch Business, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Hilsenrath, Peter] Univ Pacific, Thomas J Long Sch Pharm & Hlth Sci, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Bae, Sejong; Lykens, Kristine; Miller, Thaddeus L.; Weis, Stephen E.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Ft Worth, Sch Publ Hlth, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Pasipanodya, JG (reprint author), Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Ft Worth, Dept Med, Ft Worth, TX USA. EM jotam.pasipanodya@UTSouthwestern.edu OI Vecino, Elena/0000-0002-1672-5132 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 19 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 259 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-259 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 625NJ UT WOS:000279901800001 PM 20482835 ER PT J AU Debrot, K Tynan, M Francis, J MacNeil, A AF Debrot, K. Tynan, M. Francis, J. MacNeil, A. TI State Cigarette Excise Taxes-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 385-388, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Debrot, K.; Tynan, M.; Francis, J.; MacNeil, A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Debrot, K (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 19 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 19 BP 1909 EP 1911 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 597NJ UT WOS:000277764500009 ER PT J AU Ribisl, KM Patrick, R Eidson, S Tynan, M Francis, J AF Ribisl, K. M. Patrick, R. Eidson, S. Tynan, M. Francis, J. TI State Cigarette Minimum Price Laws-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 389-392, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Ribisl, K. M.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Patrick, R.; Eidson, S.] MayaTech Corp, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tynan, M.; Francis, J.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ribisl, KM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 19 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 19 BP 1911 EP 1912 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 597NJ UT WOS:000277764500010 ER PT J AU Raboud, J Shigayeva, A McGeer, A Bontovics, E Chapman, M Gravel, D Henry, B Lapinsky, S Loeb, M McDonald, LC Ofner, M Paton, S Reynolds, D Scales, D Shen, S Simor, A Stewart, T Vearncombe, M Zoutman, D Green, K AF Raboud, Janet Shigayeva, Altynay McGeer, Allison Bontovics, Erika Chapman, Martin Gravel, Denise Henry, Bonnie Lapinsky, Stephen Loeb, Mark McDonald, L. Clifford Ofner, Marianna Paton, Shirley Reynolds, Donna Scales, Damon Shen, Sandy Simor, Andrew Stewart, Thomas Vearncombe, Mary Zoutman, Dick Green, Karen TI Risk Factors for SARS Transmission from Patients Requiring Intubation: A Multicentre Investigation in Toronto, Canada SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; HONG-KONG; TUBERCULOSIS WARD; HOSPITAL WORKERS; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; EXPOSURE; PRECAUTIONS; RUBELLA AB Background: In the 2003 Toronto SARS outbreak, SARS-CoV was transmitted in hospitals despite adherence to infection control procedures. Considerable controversy resulted regarding which procedures and behaviours were associated with the greatest risk of SARS-CoV transmission. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to identify risk factors for transmission of SARS-CoV during intubation from laboratory confirmed SARS patients to HCWs involved in their care. All SARS patients requiring intubation during the Toronto outbreak were identified. All HCWs who provided care to intubated SARS patients during treatment or transportation and who entered a patient room or had direct patient contact from 24 hours before to 4 hours after intubation were eligible for this study. Data was collected on patients by chart review and on HCWs by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression models and classification and regression trees (CART) were used to identify risk factors for SARS transmission. Results: 45 laboratory-confirmed intubated SARS patients were identified. Of the 697 HCWs involved in their care, 624 (90%) participated in the study. SARS-CoV was transmitted to 26 HCWs from 7 patients; 21 HCWs were infected by 3 patients. In multivariate GEE logistic regression models, presence in the room during fiberoptic intubation (OR = 2.79, p = .004) or ECG (OR = 3.52, p = .002), unprotected eye contact with secretions (OR = 7.34, p = .001), patient APACHE II score >= 20 (OR = 17.05, p = .009) and patient Pa0(2)/Fi0(2) ratio <= 59 (OR = 8.65, p = .001) were associated with increased risk of transmission of SARS-CoV. In CART analyses, the four covariates which explained the greatest amount of variation in SARS-CoV transmission were covariates representing individual patients. Conclusion: Close contact with the airway of severely ill patients and failure of infection control practices to prevent exposure to respiratory secretions were associated with transmission of SARS-CoV. Rates of transmission of SARS-CoV varied widely among patients. C1 [Raboud, Janet; Shen, Sandy] Univ Hlth Network, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Raboud, Janet; McGeer, Allison; Ofner, Marianna] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Shigayeva, Altynay; McGeer, Allison; Lapinsky, Stephen; Stewart, Thomas; Green, Karen] Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. [McGeer, Allison; Simor, Andrew; Vearncombe, Mary] Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Bontovics, Erika] Ontario Minist Hlth & Long Term Care, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Chapman, Martin] Univ Toronto, Dept Anesthesia, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Chapman, Martin; Scales, Damon; Simor, Andrew; Vearncombe, Mary] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. [Gravel, Denise; Ofner, Marianna; Paton, Shirley] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Henry, Bonnie] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lapinsky, Stephen; Scales, Damon; Stewart, Thomas] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Loeb, Mark] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reynolds, Donna] Durham Reg Hlth Dept, Whitby, ON, Canada. [Zoutman, Dick] Queens Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Raboud, J (reprint author), Univ Hlth Network, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM amcgeer@mtsinai.on.ca RI mcgeer, allison /H-7747-2014; Lapinsky, Stephen/C-4624-2015 OI mcgeer, allison /0000-0001-5647-6137; Lapinsky, Stephen/0000-0002-6930-0306 FU Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care FX This research was funded by a contract from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 19 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10717 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010717 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 598NT UT WOS:000277845400019 PM 20502660 ER PT J AU Banyai, K Esona, MD Liu, A Wang, Y Tu, X Jiang, B AF Banyai, K. Esona, M. D. Liu, A. Wang, Y. Tu, X. Jiang, B. TI Molecular detection of novel adenoviruses in fecal specimens of captive monkeys with diarrhea in China SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gastroenteritis; Diagnosis; Simian adenovirus ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; GENOME SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; SOFTWARE; CHILDREN; INFANTS; GENES AB Adenovirus (AdV) has been recently detected among monkeys with diarrhea in a major research primate colony in China. To better assess disease burden and epidemiology of adenoviruses in the colony, we examined the prevalence of this virus in fecal specimens by PCR using broadly reactive hexon gene-specific primers. Of the 29 strains that were characterized by sequence and phylogenetic analysis, we identified a broad spectrum of simian AdV (SAdV) types, including species SAdV-A (n = 14) and HAdV-G (n = 9). Six additional strains represented two genetic clusters distantly related to other known SAdVs. A better understanding of the epidemiology of SAdVs and their potential role in gastroenteritis is critical to the implementation of advanced prevention strategies against AdV infection in captive primates. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Banyai, K.; Esona, M. D.; Liu, A.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Tu, X.] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Lab Anim Sci, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China. [Tu, X.] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, B (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories in Silver Spring, Maryland FX K.B. was an International Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellow supported by the Association of Public Health Laboratories in Silver Spring, Maryland in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAY 19 PY 2010 VL 142 IS 3-4 BP 416 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.10.014 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 609TB UT WOS:000278679000037 PM 19926233 ER PT J AU Eng, JLV Thwing, J Wolkon, A Kulkarni, MA Manya, A Erskine, M Hightower, A Slutsker, L AF Eng, Jodi L. Vanden Thwing, Julie Wolkon, Adam Kulkarni, Manisha A. Manya, Ayub Erskine, Marcy Hightower, Allen Slutsker, Laurence TI Assessing bed net use and non-use after long-lasting insecticidal net distribution: a simple framework to guide programmatic strategies SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TREATED NETS; INTEGRATED CAMPAIGN; MALARIA CONTROL; PREGNANT-WOMEN; COVERAGE; AFRICA; POSSESSION; CHILDREN; ERITREA; BEDNETS AB Background: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are becoming increasingly available to vulnerable populations at risk for malaria. Their appropriate and consistent use is essential to preventing malaria, but ITN use often lags behind ITN ownership. In order to increase ITN use, it is necessary to devise strategies that accurately identify, differentiate, and target the reasons and types of non-use. Methods: A simple method based on the end-user as the denominator was employed to classify each individual into one of four ITN use categories: 1) living in households not owning an ITN; 2) living in households owning, but not hanging an ITN; 3) living in households owning and hanging an ITN, but who are not sleeping under one; and 4) sleeping under an ITN. This framework was applied to survey data designed to evaluate long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) distributions following integrated campaigns in five countries: Togo, Sierra Leone, Madagascar, Kenya and Niger. Results: The percentage of children < 5 years of age sleeping under an ITN ranged from 51.5% in Kenya to 81.1% in Madagascar. Among the three categories of non-use, children living in households without an ITN make up largest group (range: 9.4%-30.0%), despite the efforts of the integrated child health campaigns. The percentage of children who live in households that own but do not hang an ITN ranged from 5.1% to 16.1%. The percentage of children living in households where an ITN was suspended, but who were not sleeping under it ranged from 4.3% to 16.4%. Use by all household members in Sierra Leone (39.9%) and Madagascar (60.4%) indicate that integrated campaigns reach beyond their desired target populations. Conclusions: The framework outlined in this paper provides a helpful tool to examine the deficiencies in ITN use. Monitoring and evaluation strategies designed to assess ITN ownership and use can easily incorporate this approach using existing data collection instruments that measure the standard indicators. C1 [Eng, Jodi L. Vanden; Thwing, Julie; Wolkon, Adam; Hightower, Allen; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kulkarni, Manisha A.] HealthBridge, Ottawa, ON K1N 7B7, Canada. [Manya, Ayub] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. [Erskine, Marcy] Int Federat Red Cross & Red Crescent Soc, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland. RP Eng, JLV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Hwy MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jev8@cdc.gov OI Kulkarni, Manisha/0000-0002-5084-4960 FU Canadian Red Cross; Global Fund FX The authors are thankful to the families who participated in this survey and to the survey teams who worked under challenging field conditions. We are grateful to the many international partners who collaborated to successfully implement the integrated campaigns and their evaluations including the Canadian Red Cross, International Federation of the Red Cross, Healthbridge Canada, and the Ministries of Health of Togo, Niger, Madagascar, Sierra Leone, and Kenya. The campaign and surveys for Niger, Togo, Sierra Leone, and Madagascar were financially supported by the Canadian Red Cross. Activities in Kenya were supported through the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Special thanks goes to Dr. Marcel Lama of WHO and to members of the malaria control programmes from their respective Ministries of Health including: Mr. Sanouna Issifi and Dr. Ousmane Ibrahim (Niger), Dr. Andriama-hefa Rakotoarisoa and Dr. Louise Ranaivo (Madagascar) Dr. Kodjo Morgah and Dr. Vincent Takpa and Dr. Aboudou Dare (Togo), Dr. Edward Magbity and Dr. Duramani Conteh (Sierra Leone), and Dr. Elizabeth Juma (Kenya). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 18 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 133 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-133 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 617EI UT WOS:000279263300001 ER PT J AU Baker, J Ho, MF Pelecanos, A Gatton, M Chen, NH Abdullah, S Albertini, A Ariey, F Barnwell, J Bell, D Cunningham, J Djalle, D Echeverry, DF Gamboa, D Hii, J Kyaw, MP Luchavez, J Membi, C Menard, D Murillo, C Nhem, S Ogutu, B Onyor, P Oyibo, W Wang, SQ McCarthy, J Cheng, Q AF Baker, Joanne Ho, Mei-Fong Pelecanos, Anita Gatton, Michelle Chen, Nanhua Abdullah, Salim Albertini, Audrey Ariey, Frederic Barnwell, John Bell, David Cunningham, Jane Djalle, Djibrine Echeverry, Diego F. Gamboa, Dionicia Hii, Jeffery Kyaw, Myat Phone Luchavez, Jennifer Membi, Christopher Menard, Didier Murillo, Claribel Nhem, Sina Ogutu, Bernhards Onyor, Pamela Oyibo, Wellington Wang, Shan Qing McCarthy, James Cheng, Qin TI Research Global sequence variation in the histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 of Plasmodium falciparum: implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; HRP-III; TELOMERE; EVOLUTION; PARASITES; BINDING; PFHRP2; VIVAX; EXPRESSION; MICROSCOPY AB Background: Accurate diagnosis is essential for prompt and appropriate treatment of malaria. While rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer great potential to improve malaria diagnosis, the sensitivity of RDTs has been reported to be highly variable. One possible factor contributing to variable test performance is the diversity of parasite antigens. This is of particular concern for Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2)-detecting RDTs since PfHRP2 has been reported to be highly variable in isolates of the Asia-Pacific region. Methods: The pfhrp2 exon 2 fragment from 458 isolates of P. falciparum collected from 38 countries was amplified and sequenced. For a subset of 80 isolates, the exon 2 fragment of histidine-rich protein 3 (pfhrp3) was also amplified and sequenced. DNA sequence and statistical analysis of the variation observed in these genes was conducted. The potential impact of the pfhrp2 variation on RDT detection rates was examined by analysing the relationship between sequence characteristics of this gene and the results of the WHO product testing of malaria RDTs: Round 1 ( 2008), for 34 PfHRP2-detecting RDTs. Results: Sequence analysis revealed extensive variations in the number and arrangement of various repeats encoded by the genes in parasite populations world-wide. However, no statistically robust correlation between gene structure and RDT detection rate for P. falciparum parasites at 200 parasites per microlitre was identified. Conclusions: The results suggest that despite extreme sequence variation, diversity of PfHRP2 does not appear to be a major cause of RDT sensitivity variation. C1 [Baker, Joanne; Ho, Mei-Fong; Chen, Nanhua; Cheng, Qin] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Ho, Mei-Fong; Pelecanos, Anita; Gatton, Michelle; McCarthy, James] Univ Queensland, Queensland Inst Med Res, Clin Trop Med Lab, Herston, Qld, Australia. [Pelecanos, Anita; Gatton, Michelle; Cheng, Qin] Queensland Inst Med Res, Malaria Drug Resistance & Chemotherapy Lab, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. [Abdullah, Salim; Membi, Christopher] Bagamoyo Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Albertini, Audrey; Bell, David] Fdn Innovat & New Diagnost, Geneva, Switzerland. [Ariey, Frederic; Nhem, Sina] Pasteur Inst Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Barnwell, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bell, David] WHO, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Cunningham, Jane] UNICEF UNDP World Bank WHO Special Programme Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Djalle, Djibrine] Inst Pasteur, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Echeverry, Diego F.; Murillo, Claribel] Ctr Int Entrenamiento & Invest Med CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. [Gamboa, Dionicia] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander Von Humboldt, Lima, Peru. [Gamboa, Dionicia] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias & Filosofia, Dept Bioquim Biol Mol & Farmacol, Lima, Peru. [Kyaw, Myat Phone] Dept Med Res Lower Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar. [Luchavez, Jennifer] Res Inst Trop Med, Alabang, Philippines. [Ogutu, Bernhards; Onyor, Pamela] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Clin Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Oyibo, Wellington] Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Lagos, Nigeria. [Wang, Shan Qing] Hainan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Haikou, Hainan, Peoples R China. [Baker, Joanne] Univ Queensland, Sch Populat Hlth, Herston, Qld, Australia. RP Cheng, Q (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. EM qin.cheng@defence.gov.au RI McCarthy, James/C-1681-2009; Menard, Didier/O-3294-2013 OI Menard, Didier/0000-0003-1357-4495 FU AusAID; World Health Organisation (WHO); Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND); Directorate General for Development Cooperation (DGCD) of the Belgian Government [03, 2008-2010]; NIH/NIAID [RO1 AI067727-03]; NHMRC, Australia FX The work is partially funded by the AusAID, the World Health Organisation (WHO)-Regional Office for the Western Pacific, UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND). DG is supported by Directorate General for Development Cooperation (DGCD) of the Belgian Government (Framework Agreement 03, 2008-2010, project 910000) and NIH/NIAID (RO1 AI067727-03), and JM is supported by the NHMRC, Australia. The authors wish to thank investigators and health workers in many countries for their assistance in collecting samples used in this study. We also thank Dr Katherine Trenholme, QIMR, and Alyson Auliff, AMI, for their contribution of isolates and laboratory lines to this study. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the WHO, the Australian Defence Force or any ADF extant policy. NR 44 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 17 PY 2010 VL 9 AR 129 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-9-129 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 617EC UT WOS:000279262700001 PM 20470441 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Wiegand, RE Kretsinger, K Sansom, S Kilmarx, PH Bartholow, BN Chen, RT AF Gust, Deborah A. Wiegand, Ryan E. Kretsinger, Katrina Sansom, Stephanie Kilmarx, Peter H. Bartholow, Brad N. Chen, Robert T. TI Circumcision status and HIV infection among MSM: reanalysis of a Phase III HIV vaccine clinical trial SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention; insertive anal sex; male circumcision; men who have sex with men ID UNITED-STATES; SEXUAL RISK; MEN; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; HEALTH; MODEL AB Objective: Determine whether male circumcision would be effective in reducing HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). Design: Retrospective analysis of the VAXGen VAX004 HIV vaccine clinical trial data. Methods: Survival analysis was used to associate time to HIV infection with multiple predictors. Unprotected insertive and receptive anal sex predictors were highly correlated, thus separate models were run. Results: Four thousand eight hundred and eighty-nine participants were included in this reanalysis; 86.1% were circumcised. Three hundred and forty-two (7.0%) men became infected during the study; 87.4% were circumcised. Controlling for demographic characteristics and risk behaviors, in the model that included unprotected insertive anal sex, being uncircumcised was not associated with incident HIV infection [ adjusted hazards ratio (AHR) 0.97, confidence interval (CI) 0.56-1.68]. Furthermore, while having unprotected insertive (AHR 2.25, CI 1.72-2.93) or receptive (AHR 3.45, CI 2.58-4.61) anal sex with an HIV-positive partner were associated with HIV infection, the associations between HIV incidence and the interaction between being uncircumcised and reporting unprotected insertive (AHR 1.78, CI 0.90-3.53) or receptive (AHR 1.26, CI 0.62-2.57) anal sex with an HIV-positive partner were not statistically significant. Of the study visits when a participant reported unprotected insertive anal sex with an HIV-positive partner, HIV infection among circumcised men was reported in 3.16% of the visits (80/2532) and among uncircumcised men in 3.93% of the visits (14/ 356) [relative risk (RR) 0.80, CI 0.46-1.39]. Conclusions: Among men who reported unprotected insertive anal sex with HIVpositive partners, being uncircumcised did not confer a statistically significant increase in HIV infection risk. Additional studies with more incident HIV infections or that include a larger proportion of uncircumcised men may provide a more definitive result. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Gust, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1135 EP 1143 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328337b8bd PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 588NV UT WOS:000277079400006 PM 20168206 ER PT J AU Wheeler, WH Ziebell, RA Zabina, H Pieniazek, D Prejean, J Bodnar, UR Mahle, KC Heneine, W Johnson, JA Hall, HI AF Wheeler, William H. Ziebell, Rebecca A. Zabina, Helena Pieniazek, Danuta Prejean, Joseph Bodnar, Ulana R. Mahle, Kristen C. Heneine, Walid Johnson, Jeffrey A. Hall, H. Irene CA Variant Atypical & Resistant HIV S TI Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance associated mutations and HIV-1 subtypes in new HIV-1 diagnoses, US-2006 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE drug resistance; HIV-1; HIV-1 subtype; surveillance; transmission; United States ID UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NEW-YORK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; KINGDOM; EUROPE; TYPE-1 AB Objective: To determine the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance-associated mutations (TDRM) among persons newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection in the United States. Methods: We used sequence data from Variant, Atypical, and Resistant HIV Surveillance (VARHS) collected from newly diagnosed persons in 10 states and 1 county health department in 2006. To evaluate TDRM, we used a mutation list for surveillance of TDRM appropriate for the primarily subtype B HIV epidemic in the United States. Results: Sequences were obtained from 2030 of 10 860 persons newly diagnosed with HIV in 11 surveillance areas. Mutations associated with transmitted drug resistance occurred in 292 (14.6%) persons; TDRM associated with a specific drug class occurred in 156 (7.8%) for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 111 (5.6%) for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 90 (4.5%) for protease inhibitors. There were no significant differences in prevalence of TDRM by demographic characteristic. The HIV-1 subtype B was the most prevalent subtype occurring in 1922 (96.2%) persons; subtype C (1.3%) was the most prevalent non-B subtype. Conclusion: We presented a clade B-optimized mutation list for evaluating surveillance of TDRM in the United States and analyzed the largest collection of sequence data obtained from individuals newly diagnosed with HIV. The prevalence of TDRM in persons newly diagnosed with HIV is higher than in previous U. S. studies; however, this is not necessarily a significant trend. Continued reporting of sequence data for public health purposes from all sources will improve representativeness and accuracy in analyzing trends in transmitted drug resistance and genetic diversity. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Wheeler, William H.; Pieniazek, Danuta; Prejean, Joseph; Mahle, Kristen C.; Heneine, Walid; Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bodnar, Ulana R.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Zabina, Helena] Business Comp Applicat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Prejean, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jprejean@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 129 Z9 135 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1203 EP 1212 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283388742 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 588NV UT WOS:000277079400014 PM 20395786 ER PT J AU Boyd, K Dunn, DT Castro, H Gibb, DM Duong, T Aboulker, JP Bulterys, M Cortina-Borja, M Gabiano, C Galli, L Giaquinto, C Harris, DR Hughes, M McKinney, R Mofenson, L Moye, J Newell, ML Pahwa, S Palumbo, P Rudin, C Sharland, M Shearer, W Thompson, B Tookey, P AF Boyd, K. Dunn, D. T. Castro, H. Gibb, D. M. Duong, T. Aboulker, J. P. Bulterys, M. Cortina-Borja, M. Gabiano, C. Galli, L. Giaquinto, C. Harris, D. R. Hughes, M. McKinney, R. Mofenson, L. Moye, J. Newell, M. L. Pahwa, S. Palumbo, P. Rudin, C. Sharland, M. Shearer, W. Thompson, B. Tookey, P. CA HIV Paediat Prognostic Markers Col TI Discordance between CD4 cell count and CD4 cell percentage: implications for when to start antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected children HIV Paediatric Prognostic Markers Collaborative Study SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE CD4; epidemiology; natural history; paediatrics; prognosis ID SHORT-TERM RISK; DISEASE PROGRESSION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; INFECTED CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY AB Objective: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines for HIV-1-infected children specify both absolute CD4 cell count and CD4 percentage thresholds at which consideration should be given to initiating ART. This leads to clinical dilemma when one marker is below the threshold, whereas the other is above. Design: Data were obtained on a large group of children followed longitudinally in trials and cohort studies in Europe and the USA. Follow-up was censored 6 months after the start of any antiretroviral drug other than zidovudine monotherapy. Methods: Discordance between CD4 cell count and percentage was defined in relation to ART initiation thresholds in World Health Organization (WHO) and European paediatric treatment guidelines. The relative prognostic value of CD4 cell count and percentage for progression to AIDS/death was investigated using time-updated Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by age. Results: Among 3345 children, with a total of 21 815 pairs of CD4 measurements analysed, 980 developed AIDS and/or died after a median follow-up of 1.7 years. Over one-half of children had discordant values of CD4 cell markers at the first visit when one or both treatment thresholds were crossed and approximately one-third had the same pattern of discordance at a subsequent measurement. Models suggested that CD4 percentage had little or no prognostic value over and above that contained in CD4 cell count, irrespective of age. Conclusions: More emphasis should be placed on CD4 cell count than on CD4 percentage in deciding when to start ART in HIV-1-infected children. (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Boyd, K.; Dunn, D. T.; Castro, H.; Gibb, D. M.; Duong, T.] MRC, Clin Trials Unit, London NW1 2DA, England. [Aboulker, J. P.] INSERM SC10, Villejuif, France. [Bulterys, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cortina-Borja, M.] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Gabiano, C.] Univ Turin, Dept Pediat, Turin, Italy. [Galli, L.] Univ Florence, Dept Pediat, Florence, Italy. [Giaquinto, C.] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Padua, Italy. [Harris, D. R.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Hughes, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [McKinney, R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Mofenson, L.] NICHHD, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Newell, M. L.; Tookey, P.] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Pahwa, S.] N Shore LIJ Res Inst, Manhasset, NY USA. [Palumbo, P.] UMDNJ Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Rudin, C.] Univ Childrens Hosp, Basel, Switzerland. [Sharland, M.] St George Hosp, Sch Med, London, England. [Shearer, W.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Thompson, B.] Clin Trials & Surveys Corp, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Dunn, DT (reprint author), MRC, Clin Trials Unit, 222 Euston Rd, London NW1 2DA, England. RI Tookey, Pat /G-2732-2010; Cortina Borja, Mario/A-3847-2009; SHCS, all/G-4072-2011; SHCS, int. coll. A/G-4083-2011 OI Tookey, Pat /0000-0001-6258-0387; NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1213 EP 1217 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283389f41 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 588NV UT WOS:000277079400015 ER PT J AU Yang, QH Liu, TB Valdez, R Moonesinghe, R Khoury, MJ AF Yang, Quanhe Liu, Tiebin Valdez, Rodolfo Moonesinghe, Ramal Khoury, Muin J. TI Improvements in Ability to Detect Undiagnosed Diabetes by Using Information on Family History Among Adults in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE decision analysis; logistic regression; mass screening; model fitting; nutrition surveys; risk ID DECISION CURVE ANALYSIS; PREDICTION MODELS; DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ROC CURVE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; SCREENING TOOL; RISK-FACTORS; RECLASSIFICATION AB Family history is an independent risk factor for diabetes, but it is not clear how much adding family history to other known risk factors would improve detection of undiagnosed diabetes in a population. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 1999-2004, the authors compared logistic regression models with established risk factors (model 1) with a model (model 2) that also included familial risk of diabetes (average, moderate, and high). Adjusted odds ratios for undiagnosed diabetes, using average familial risk as referent, were 1.7 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2, 2.5) and 3.8 (95% CI: 2.2, 6.3) for those with moderate and high familial risk, respectively. Model 2 was superior to model 1 in detecting undiagnosed diabetes, as reflected by several significant improvements, including weighted C statistics of 0.826 versus 0.842 (bootstrap P = 0.001) and integrated discrimination improvement of 0.012 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.030). With a risk threshold of 7.3% (sensitivity of 40% based on model 1), adding family history would identify an additional 620,000 (95% CI: 221,100, 1,020,000) cases without a significant change in false-positive fraction. Study findings suggest that adding family history of diabetes can provide significant improvements in detecting undiagnosed diabetes in the US population. Further research is needed to validate the authors' findings. C1 [Yang, Quanhe; Liu, Tiebin; Valdez, Rodolfo; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yang, QH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM qay0@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 171 IS 10 BP 1079 EP 1089 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq026 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 597AU UT WOS:000277728400004 PM 20421221 ER PT J AU Cegielski, JP AF Cegielski, J. Peter TI Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: "There must be some kind of way out of here" SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; HEALTH-CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; CIPROFLOXACIN; PREDICTORS; RIFAMPICIN; EMERGENCE; STRATEGY AB Over the past 7 decades, Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed resistance to virtually every new drug used to treat tuberculosis, resulting recently in the global emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. In an individual, treatment with a single new drug results in acquired drug resistance within weeks to months. On a population basis, the pattern is just as consistent. After a new drug is introduced, drug-resistant cases or case series are reported within months to years, typically leading to focused surveys, and within several years, dramatic outbreaks with extraordinary mortality occur. Invariably, such outbreaks prove to be the tip of the iceberg. Incomplete and delayed diagnoses, drug costs, and drug supplies are frequently implicated. With new drugs and new diagnostics on the horizon, we must develop new ways of incorporating them into public health practice, basing treatment on rapid drug-susceptibility tests, ensuring that effective drugs are always used in combination, and making these drug available to persons who need them. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cegielski, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gzc2@cdc.gov NR 63 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 50 SU 3 BP S195 EP S200 DI 10.1086/651491 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 584PV UT WOS:000276765600017 PM 20397948 ER PT J AU Lau, LLH Cowling, BJ Fang, VJ Chan, KH Lau, EHY Lipsitch, M Cheng, CKY Houck, PM Uyeki, TM Peiris, JSM Leung, GM AF Lau, Lincoln L. H. Cowling, Benjamin J. Fang, Vicky J. Chan, Kwok-Hung Lau, Eric H. Y. Lipsitch, Marc Cheng, Calvin K. Y. Houck, Peter M. Uyeki, Timothy M. Peiris, J. S. Malik Leung, Gabriel M. TI Viral Shedding and Clinical Illness in Naturally Acquired Influenza Virus Infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HOUSEHOLD CONTACTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HONG-KONG; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; SYMPTOMS; DISEASE; SWABS AB Background. Volunteer challenge studies have provided detailed data on viral shedding from the respiratory tract before and through the course of experimental influenza virus infection. There are no comparable quantitative data to our knowledge on naturally acquired infections. Methods. In a community-based study in Hong Kong in 2008, we followed up initially healthy individuals to quantify trends in viral shedding on the basis of cultures and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) through the course of illness associated with seasonal influenza A and B virus infection. Results. Trends in symptom scores more closely matched changes in molecular viral loads measured with RT-PCR for influenza A than for influenza B. For influenza A virus infections, the replicating viral loads determined with cultures decreased to undetectable levels earlier after illness onset than did molecular viral loads. Most viral shedding occurred during the first 2-3 days after illness onset, and we estimated that 1%-8% of infectiousness occurs prior to illness onset. Only 14% of infections with detectable shedding at RT-PCR were asymptomatic, and viral shedding was low in these cases. Conclusions. Our results suggest that "silent spreaders" (ie, individuals who are infectious while asymptomatic or presymptomatic) may be less important in the spread of influenza epidemics than previously thought. C1 [Lau, Lincoln L. H.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Fang, Vicky J.; Lau, Eric H. Y.; Cheng, Calvin K. Y.; Leung, Gabriel M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Grp, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chan, Kwok-Hung; Peiris, J. S. Malik] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Microbiol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Houck, Peter M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Seattle Quarantine Stn, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cowling, BJ (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Grp, Units 624-7,Cyberport 3, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM bcowling@hku.hk RI Lau, Eric/C-4487-2009; Cowling, Benjamin/C-4263-2009; OI Cowling, Benjamin/0000-0002-6297-7154; Leung, Gabriel/0000-0002-2503-6283; /0000-0002-6688-9637; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 U01 CI000439-02]; Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Disease, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR [08070632]; Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study [1 U54 GM088558]; Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee [AoE/M-12/06] FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant 1 U01 CI000439-02), the Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Disease, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR (grant 08070632), the Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the US National Institutes of Health Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study program (grant 1 U54 GM088558), and the Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee (grant AoE/M-12/06). The funding agencies had no role in data collection and analysis, or the decision to publish, but the CDC was involved in study design and preparation of the manuscript. This work represents the views of the authors and not their institutions, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reprints or correspondence: Dr Benjamin J Cowling, School of Public Health, NR 25 TC 119 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 10 BP 1509 EP 1516 DI 10.1086/652241 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 584QO UT WOS:000276767600010 PM 20377412 ER PT J AU Sutherland, CJ Tanomsing, N Nolder, D Oguike, M Jennison, C Pukrittayakamee, S Dolecek, C Tran, TH do Rosario, VE Arez, AP Pinto, J Michon, P Escalante, AA Nosten, F Burke, M Lee, R Blaze, M Otto, TD Barnwell, JW Pain, A Williams, J White, NJ Day, NPJ Snounou, G Lockhart, PJ Chiodini, PL Imwong, M Polley, SD AF Sutherland, Colin J. Tanomsing, Naowarat Nolder, Debbie Oguike, Mary Jennison, Charlie Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon Dolecek, Christiane Tran Tinh Hien do Rosario, Virgilio E. Arez, Ana Paula Pinto, Joao Michon, Pascal Escalante, Ananias A. Nosten, Francois Burke, Martina Lee, Rogan Blaze, Marie Otto, Thomas Dan Barnwell, John W. Pain, Arnab Williams, John White, Nicholas J. Day, Nicholas P. J. Snounou, Georges Lockhart, Peter J. Chiodini, Peter L. Imwong, Mallika Polley, Spencer D. TI Two Nonrecombining Sympatric Forms of the Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium ovale Occur Globally SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; GENE-SEQUENCES; VIVAX MALARIA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; EVOLUTIONARY; FALCIPARUM; RISK; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; MODEL AB Background. Malaria in humans is caused by apicomplexan parasites belonging to 5 species of the genus Plasmodium. Infections with Plasmodium ovale are widely distributed but rarely investigated, and the resulting burden of disease is not known. Dimorphism in defined genes has led to P. ovale parasites being divided into classic and variant types. We hypothesized that these dimorphs represent distinct parasite species. Methods. Multilocus sequence analysis of 6 genetic characters was carried out among 55 isolates from 12 African and 3 Asia-Pacific countries. Results. Each genetic character displayed complete dimorphism and segregated perfectly between the 2 types. Both types were identified in samples from Ghana, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Sierra Leone, and Uganda and have been described previously in Myanmar. Splitting of the 2 lineages is estimated to have occurred between 1.0 and 3.5 million years ago in hominid hosts. Conclusions. We propose that P. ovale comprises 2 nonrecombining species that are sympatric in Africa and Asia. We speculate on possible scenarios that could have led to this speciation. Furthermore, the relatively high frequency of imported cases of symptomatic P. ovale infection in the United Kingdom suggests that the morbidity caused by ovale malaria has been underestimated. C1 [Sutherland, Colin J.; Oguike, Mary; Jennison, Charlie] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Immunol Unit, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Sutherland, Colin J.; Nolder, Debbie; Burke, Martina; Blaze, Marie; Williams, John; Chiodini, Peter L.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Hlth Protect Agcy Malaria Reference Lab, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Sutherland, Colin J.; Chiodini, Peter L.; Polley, Spencer D.] Hosp Trop Dis, London NW1 0PE, England. [Nosten, Francois; White, Nicholas J.; Day, Nicholas P. J.] Churchill Hosp, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. [Otto, Thomas Dan; Pain, Arnab] Sanger Genome Ctr, Hinxton, England. [Tanomsing, Naowarat; Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon; Imwong, Mallika] Mahidol Univ, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Nosten, Francois; White, Nicholas J.; Day, Nicholas P. J.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Res Unit, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Pukrittayakamee, Sasithon] Royal Inst, Bangkok, Thailand. [Nosten, Francois] Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand. [Dolecek, Christiane; Tran Tinh Hien] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hosp Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [do Rosario, Virgilio E.; Arez, Ana Paula; Pinto, Joao] Univ Nova Lisboa, Ctr Malaria & Outras Doencas Trop, Inst Higiene & Med Trop, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Michon, Pascal] Papua New Guinea Inst Med Res, Madang, Papua N Guinea. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Rogan] Westmead Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Snounou, Georges] Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Unite Mixte Rech S945, Paris, France. [Snounou, Georges] Univ Paris 06, Fac Med Pitie Salpetriere, Paris, France. [Snounou, Georges] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Microbiol, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Lockhart, Peter J.] Massey Univ, Alan Wilson Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Sutherland, CJ (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Immunol Unit, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM colin.sutherland@lshtm.ac.uk RI Lockhart, Peter/E-6624-2011; Arez, Ana Paula/I-1729-2012; White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012; Polley, Spencer/F-7766-2013; Snounou, Georges/F-3352-2011; Pinto, Joao/C-2208-2012; Pain, Arnab/L-5766-2015; OI Snounou, Georges/0000-0002-6133-6398; Pinto, Joao/0000-0001-8572-7708; Pain, Arnab/0000-0002-1755-2819; Arez, Ana Paula/0000-0002-0497-6532; Nosten, Francois/0000-0002-7951-0745; Jennison, Charlie/0000-0002-8138-9999; Chiodini, Peter/0000-0003-0317-7090 FU United Kingdom Health Protection Agency; Wellcome Trust-Mahidol University-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme; Wellcome Trust of Great Britain; University College London Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Infection Theme; Thailand Research Fund; Commission on Higher Education; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, France FX This work was supported by the United Kingdom Health Protection Agency and was part of the Wellcome Trust-Mahidol University-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme, which is supported by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain. P. L. C. is supported by the University College London Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Infection Theme. N.T. and M. I. are supported by the Thailand Research Fund and the Commission on Higher Education. G. S. is supported by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, France. NR 35 TC 117 Z9 126 U1 5 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 10 BP 1544 EP 1550 DI 10.1086/652240 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 584QO UT WOS:000276767600015 PM 20380562 ER PT J AU Vinayak, S Alam, MT Sem, R Shah, NK Susanti, AI Lim, P Muth, S Maguire, JD Rogers, WO Fandeur, T Barnwell, JW Escalante, AA Wongsrichanalai, C Ariey, F Meshnick, SR Udhayakumar, V AF Vinayak, Sumiti Alam, Md Tauqeer Sem, Rithy Shah, Naman K. Susanti, Augustina I. Lim, Pharath Muth, Sinuon Maguire, Jason D. Rogers, William O. Fandeur, Thierry Barnwell, John W. Escalante, Ananias A. Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda Ariey, Frederick Meshnick, Steven R. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Multiple Genetic Backgrounds of the Amplified Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance (pfmdr1) Gene and Selective Sweep of 184F Mutation in Cambodia SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; MEFLOQUINE RESISTANCE; ARTESUNATE-MEFLOQUINE; INCREASED SENSITIVITY; MALARIA PARASITES; COPY NUMBER; HALOFANTRINE RESISTANCE; COMBINATION THERAPY; POPULATION-GENETICS; DHPS MUTATIONS AB Background. The emergence of artesunate-mefloquine (AS+MQ)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the Thailand-Cambodia region is a major concern for malaria control. Studies indicate that copy number increase and key alleles in the pfmdr1 gene are associated with AS+MQ resistance. In the present study, we investigated evidence for a selective sweep around pfmdr1 because of the spread of adaptive mutation and/or multiple copies of this gene in the P. falciparum population in Cambodia. Methods. We characterized 13 microsatellite loci flanking (+/- 99 kb) pfmdr1 in 93 single-clone P. falciparum infections, of which 31 had multiple copies and 62 had a single copy of the pfmdr1 gene. Results. Genetic analysis revealed no difference in the mean (+/- standard deviation) expected heterozygosity (H-e) at loci around single (0.75 +/- 0.03) and multiple (0.76 +/- 0.04) copies of pfmdr1. Evidence of genetic hitchhiking with the selective sweep of certain haplotypes was seen around mutant (184F) pfmdr1 allele, irrespective of the copy number. There was an overall reduction of 28% in mean H-e (+/- SD) around mutant allele (0.56 +/- 0.05), compared with wild-type allele (0.84 +/- 0.02). Significant linkage disequilibrium was also observed between the loci flanking mutant pfmdr1 allele. Conclusion. The 184F mutant allele is under selection, whereas amplification of pfmdr1 gene in this population occurs on multiple genetic backgrounds. C1 [Vinayak, Sumiti; Alam, Md Tauqeer; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis,Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vinayak, Sumiti] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Naman K.; Meshnick, Steven R.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Sem, Rithy; Muth, Sinuon] Natl Malaria Ctr, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Sem, Rithy; Susanti, Augustina I.; Maguire, Jason D.; Rogers, William O.; Wongsrichanalai, Chansuda] US Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Udhayakumar, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis,Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vxu0@cdc.gov RI Vinayak, Sumiti/F-9395-2013 FU Atlanta Research and Education Foundation; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; American Society for Microbiology and Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; US Navy Medical In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at Naval Health Research Center/Naval Medical Research Center; Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems; International Atomic Energy Agency [CRP E1.50.19]; National Institutes of Health [R01GM084320] FX The Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, American Society for Microbiology and Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (postdoctoral fellowship to M. T. A.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group, US Navy Medical In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program at Naval Health Research Center/Naval Medical Research Center, Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems, the International Atomic Energy Agency (CRP E1.50.19), and the National Institutes of Health (grant R01GM084320 to A.A.E.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 201 IS 10 BP 1551 EP 1560 DI 10.1086/651949 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 584QO UT WOS:000276767600016 PM 20367478 ER PT J AU Haug, A Mahalingam, R Cohrs, RJ Schmid, DS Corboy, JR Gilden, D AF Haug, Aaron Mahalingam, Ravi Cohrs, Randall J. Schmid, D. Scott Corboy, John R. Gilden, Don TI Recurrent polymorphonuclear pleocytosis with increased red blood cells caused by varicella zoster virus infection of the central nervous system Case report and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE VZV; Recurrent vasculopathy; Myelitis; Polymorphonuclear cells; Red blood cells ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; TRANSVERSE MYELITIS; HERPES-ZOSTER; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; MENINGITIS; PATIENT; ENCEPHALITIS; VASCULOPATHY; VASCULITIS AB We describe an immunocompetent 45-year-old woman who had four episodes of neurological disease (meningoencephalitis, multifocal vasculopathy, myelitis and inflammatory brain stem disease) produced by varicella zoster virus (VZV) over an 11-month period, all in the absence of rash. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained anti-VZV IgG antibody, but not VZV DNA throughout her illness, reaffirming the superiority of detection of anti-VZV IgG in CSF compared to VZV DNA in diagnosing VZV infection of the nervous system. Moreover, 3 of 7 CSF samples examined during the 11 months showed a VZV-induced pleocytosis consisting predominantly of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), and 4 of 7 samples also contained increased numbers of red blood cells (RBCs). Because increased PMNs and RBCs in CSF can also occur in patients with central and peripheral nervous system disease produced by cytomegalovirus (CMV), the differential diagnosis of chronic nervous system infection with increased PMNs and RBCs in CSF should include analyses for both VZV and CMV. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Haug, Aaron; Mahalingam, Ravi; Cohrs, Randall J.; Corboy, John R.; Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Corboy, John R.] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), 12700 E 19th Ave,Mail Stop B182, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM don.gilden@ucdenver.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AG006127, NS032623, AG032958] FX This work was supported in part by the Public Health Service grants AG006127, and NS032623 and AG032958 from the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank Marina Hoffman for editorial review and Cathy Allen for manuscript preparation. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2010 VL 292 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2010.01.019 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 584WJ UT WOS:000276784100016 PM 20170926 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Noriega, E Gonzalez-Diaz, E Morfin-Otero, R Gomez-Abundis, GF Briseno-Ramirez, J Perez-Gomez, HR Lopez-Gatell, H Alpuche-Aranda, CM Ramirez, E Lopez, I Iguala, M Chapela, IB Zavala, EP Hernandez, M Stuart, TL Villarino, ME Widdowson, MA Waterman, S Uyeki, T Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Rodriguez-Noriega, Eduardo Gonzalez-Diaz, Esteban Morfin-Otero, Rayo Gomez-Abundis, Gerardo F. Briseno-Ramirez, Jaime Raul Perez-Gomez, Hector Lopez-Gatell, Hugo Alpuche-Aranda, Celia M. Ramirez, Ernesto Lopez, Irma Iguala, Miguel Bojorquez Chapela, Ietza Palacios Zavala, Ethel Hernandez, Mauricio Stuart, Tammy L. Villarino, Margarita Elsa Widdowson, Marc-Alain Waterman, Steve Uyeki, Timothy Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo CA Hosp Civil Guadalajara TI Hospital Triage System for Adult Patients Using an Influenza-Like Illness Scoring System during the 2009 Pandemic-Mexico SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; SURGE CAPACITY; UNITED-STATES; CRITICAL-CARE; PNEUMONIA; DISASTER AB Background: Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged during 2009. To help clinicians triage adults with acute respiratory illness, a scoring system for influenza-like illness (ILI) was implemented at Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Mexico. Methods: A medical history, laboratory and radiology results were collected on emergency room (ER) patients with acute respiratory illness to calculate an ILI-score. Patients were evaluated for admission by their ILI-score and clinicians' assessment of risk for developing complications. Nasal and throat swabs were collected from intermediate and high-risk patients for influenza testing by RT-PCR. The disposition and ILI-score of those oseltamivir-treated versus untreated, clinical characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) patients versus test-negative patients were compared by Pearson's X(2), Fisher's Exact, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: Of 1840 ER patients, 230 were initially hospitalized (mean ILI-score = 15), and the rest were discharged, including 286 ambulatory patients given oseltamivir (median ILI-score = 11), and 1324 untreated (median ILI-score = 5). Fourteen (1%) untreated patients returned, and 3 were hospitalized on oseltamivir (median ILI-score = 19). Of 371 patients tested by RTPCR, 104 (28%) had pandemic influenza and 42 (11%) had seasonal influenza A detected. Twenty (91%) of 22 imaged hospitalized pandemic influenza patients had bilateral infiltrates compared to 23 (38%) of 61 imaged hospital test-negative patients (p<0.001). One patient with confirmed pandemic influenza presented 6 days after symptom onset, required mechanical ventilation, and died. Conclusions: The triaging system that used an ILI-score complimented clinicians' judgment of who needed oseltamivir and inpatient care and helped hospital staff manage a surge in demand for services. C1 [Rodriguez-Noriega, Eduardo; Gonzalez-Diaz, Esteban; Morfin-Otero, Rayo; Briseno-Ramirez, Jaime; Raul Perez-Gomez, Hector] Hosp Civil Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Noriega, Eduardo; Morfin-Otero, Rayo; Gomez-Abundis, Gerardo F.; Briseno-Ramirez, Jaime; Raul Perez-Gomez, Hector] Univ Guadalajara, Inst Patol Infecciosa & Expt, Ctr Univ Ciencias Salud, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico. [Lopez-Gatell, Hugo; Bojorquez Chapela, Ietza; Palacios Zavala, Ethel; Hernandez, Mauricio] Mexico Minist Hlth, Direcc Gen Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Alpuche-Aranda, Celia M.; Ramirez, Ernesto; Lopez, Irma; Iguala, Miguel] Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Stuart, Tammy L.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Villarino, Margarita Elsa; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Waterman, Steve; Uyeki, Timothy; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rodriguez-Noriega, E (reprint author), Hosp Civil Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. EM eha9@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 14 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10658 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010658 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 597PU UT WOS:000277771600019 PM 20498718 ER PT J AU Claassen, L Henneman, L Janssens, ACJW Wijdenes-Pijl, M Qureshi, N Walter, FM Yoon, PW Timmermans, DRM AF Claassen, Liesbeth Henneman, Lidewij Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Wijdenes-Pijl, Miranda Qureshi, Nadeem Walter, Fiona M. Yoon, Paula W. Timmermans, Danielle R. M. TI Using family history information to promote healthy lifestyles and prevent diseases; a discussion of the evidence SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COMMON CHRONIC DISEASES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY-CARE; PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; GENETIC RISK; COLORECTAL-CANCER; GENERAL-PRACTICE; BREAST-CANCER AB Background: A family history, reflecting genetic susceptibility as well as shared environmental and behavioral factors, is an important risk factor for common chronic multifactorial diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and many cancers. Discussion: The purpose of the present paper is to discuss the evidence for the use of family history as a tool for primary prevention of common chronic diseases, in particular for tailored interventions aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles. The following questions are addressed: (1) What is the value of family history information as a determinant of personal disease risk?; (2) How can family history information be used to motivate at-risk individuals to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyles in order to prevent disease?; and (3) What additional studies are needed to assess the potential value of family history information as a tool to promote a healthy lifestyle? Summary: In addition to risk assessment, family history information can be used to personalize health messages, which are potentially more effective in promoting healthy lifestyles than standardized health messages. More research is needed on the evidence for the effectiveness of such a tool. C1 [Claassen, Liesbeth; Henneman, Lidewij; Wijdenes-Pijl, Miranda; Timmermans, Danielle R. M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Dept Publ & Occupat Hlth, NL-1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.] Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Qureshi, Nadeem] Univ Nottingham, Derby City Gen Hosp, Grad Sch Med, Div Primary Care, Derby DE22 3DT, England. [Walter, Fiona M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Gen Practice & Primary Care Res Unit, Cambridge CB2 0SR, England. [Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Claassen, L (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Dept Publ & Occupat Hlth, POB 7057, NL-1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM liesbeth.claassen@vumc.nl OI Qureshi, Nadeem/0000-0003-4909-0644; Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976; Walter, Fiona/0000-0002-7191-6476 FU European Association for Decision Making; Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Centre for Medical Systems Biology FX We thank the participants of the international workshop Improving health and preventing disease and the role of family history information (May 29, 2007). The workshop, which provided the impetus for a more extensive examination of the evidence and the gaps in knowledge, was attended by researchers in epidemiology, clinical genetics, health sciences and psychology, primary care, health promotion and health education workers, and policy makers. The workshop was funded by the European Association for Decision Making, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW), the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and the Centre for Medical Systems Biology. NR 77 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 13 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 248 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-248 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 604CQ UT WOS:000278255300002 PM 20465810 ER PT J AU Winston, C Pratt, R Armstrong, L Navin, T AF Winston, C. Pratt, R. Armstrong, L. Navin, T. TI Decrease in Reported Tuberculosis Cases-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 289-294, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Winston, C.; Pratt, R.; Armstrong, L.; Navin, T.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winston, C (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 12 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 18 BP 1802 EP + PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 594DK UT WOS:000277513900009 ER PT J AU Hughes, S Sodt, D Young, K Jereb, J Pratt, R Navin, T Ijaz, K Khan, A AF Hughes, S. Sodt, D. Young, K. Jereb, J. Pratt, R. Navin, T. Ijaz, K. Khan, A. TI Monitoring Tuberculosis Programs-National Tuberculosis Indicator Project, United States, 2002-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 295-298, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Hughes, S.] New York State Dept Hlth, Natl TB Controllers Assoc, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Sodt, D.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Natl TB Controllers Assoc, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Young, K.; Jereb, J.; Pratt, R.; Navin, T.; Ijaz, K.; Khan, A.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hughes, S (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Natl TB Controllers Assoc, Albany, NY 12237 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 12 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 18 BP 1806 EP 1807 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 594DK UT WOS:000277513900010 ER PT J AU Zhong, WM Liu, F Dong, LB Lu, XH Hancock, K Reinherz, EL Katz, JM Sambhara, S AF Zhong, Weimin Liu, Feng Dong, Libo Lu, Xiuhua Hancock, Kathy Reinherz, Ellis L. Katz, Jacqueline M. Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Significant Impact of Sequence Variations in the Nucleoprotein on CD8 T Cell-Mediated Cross-Protection against Influenza A Virus Infections SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN; HETEROSUBTYPIC IMMUNITY; V-BETA; H5N1; EPITOPE; VACCINE; MICE; RECOGNITION; LYMPHOCYTES; REPERTOIRE AB Background: Memory CD8 T cells to influenza A viruses are widely detectable in healthy human subjects and broadly cross-reactive for serologically distinct influenza A virus subtypes. However, it is not clear to what extent such pre-existing cellular immunity can provide cross-subtype protection against novel emerging influenza A viruses. Methodology/Principal Findings: We show in the mouse model that naturally occurring sequence variations of the conserved nucleoprotein of the virus significantly impact cross-protection against lethal disease in vivo. When priming and challenge viruses shared identical sequences of the immunodominant, protective NP(366)/D(b) epitope, strong cross-subtype protection was observed. However, when they did not share complete sequence identity in this epitope, cross-protection was considerably reduced. Contributions of virus-specific antibodies appeared to be minimal under these circumstances. Detailed analysis revealed that the magnitude of the memory CD8 T cell response triggered by the NP(366)/D(b) variants was significantly lower than those triggered by the homologous NP(366)/D(b) ligand. It appears that strict specificity of a dominant public TCR to the original NP(366)/D(b) ligand may limit the expansion of cross-reactive memory CD8 T cells to the NP(366)/D(b) variants. Conclusions/Significance: Pre-existing CD8 T cell immunity may provide substantial cross-protection against hetero-subtypic influenza A viruses, provided that the priming and the subsequent challenge viruses share the identical sequences of the immunodominant, protective CTL epitopes. C1 [Zhong, Weimin; Liu, Feng; Dong, Libo; Lu, Xiuhua; Hancock, Kathy; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reinherz, Ellis L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Zhong, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wzhong@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [U19 AI50900] FX This work was supported, in part, by a pilot project grant to WZ from National Institutes of Health (U19 AI50900. Project Director: ELR). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 11 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10583 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010583 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 594UB UT WOS:000277563200016 PM 20485501 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A Vanderford, ML AF Schuchat, Anne Vanderford, Marsha L. TI Readability of H1N1 Information From the CDC Web Site SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 [Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, RADM, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, RADM, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2010 VL 29 IS 5 BP 479 EP 479 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d34e31 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 590IJ UT WOS:000277218600026 ER PT J AU Lin, YS Caffrey, JL Chang, MH Dowling, N Lin, JW AF Lin, Yu-Sheng Caffrey, James L. Chang, Man-Huei Dowling, Nicole Lin, Jou-Wei TI Cigarette smoking, cadmium exposure, and zinc intake on obstructive lung disorder SO RESPIRATORY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; PULMONARY-DISEASE; URINARY CADMIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL CADMIUM; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; ASSOCIATION; BIOMARKERS AB Background and objective: This study examined whether zinc intake was associated with lower risk of smoking-induced obstructive lung disorder through interplay with cadmium, one of major toxicants in cigarette smoke. Methods: Data were obtained from a sample of 6,726 subjects aged 40+ from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured using spirometry. Gender-, ethnicity-, and age-specific equations were used to calculate the lower limit of normal (LLN) to define obstructive lung disorder as: observed FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1 below respective LLN. Zinc intake was assessed by questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the associations of interest. Results: The analyses showed that an increased prevalence of obstructive lung disorder was observed among individuals with low zinc intake regardless of smoking status. The adjusted odds of lung disorder are approximately 1.9 times greater for subjects in the lowest zinc-intake tertile than those in the highest tertile (odds ratio = 1.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.22-2.93). The effect of smoking on lung function decreased considerably after adjusting for urinary cadmium. Protective association between the zinc-to-cadmium ratio (log-transformed) and respiratory risk suggests that zinc may play a role in smoking-associated lung disorder by modifying the influence of cadmium. Conclusions: While zinc intake is associated with lower risk of obstructive lung disorder, the role of smoking cession and/or prevention are likely to be more important given their far greater effect on respiratory risk. Future research is warranted to explore the mechanisms by which zinc could modify smoking-associated lung disease. C1 [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Ctr Cardiovasc, Dou Liou City, Taiwan. [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Hlth Management Ctr, Dou Liou City, Taiwan. [Lin, Yu-Sheng] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Integrat Physiol, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA. [Chang, Man-Huei; Dowling, Nicole] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Lin, JW (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Ctr Cardiovasc, Dou Liou City, Taiwan. EM jouweilin@yahoo.com FU University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth [G62024] FX We appreciate the statistical assistance of Dr. Gordon G. Brown from RTI International. None of the authors have potential conflicts of interest to disclose. This study was supported by G62024 Interdisciplinary Research Grant from the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-9921 J9 RESP RES JI Respir. Res. PD MAY 9 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 53 DI 10.1186/1465-9921-11-53 PG 8 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 617RJ UT WOS:000279298500001 PM 20459696 ER PT J AU Van Effelterre, T Moore, MR Fierens, F Whitney, CG White, L Pelton, SI Hausdorff, WP AF Van Effelterre, Thierry Moore, Matthew R. Fierens, Frederik Whitney, Cynthia G. White, Lisa Pelton, Stephen I. Hausdorff, William P. TI A dynamic model of pneumococcal infection in the United States: Implications for prevention through vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcus; Vaccines; Antibiotic resistance; Modeling ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; SEROTYPE 19A; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; ANTIBIOTIC USE; CHILDREN; DISEASE; IMPACT AB Universal infant vaccination with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has nearly eliminated PCV7-serotype invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young U.S. children, but has been accompanied by increases in the incidence of serotype 19A IPD. Because antibiotic-non-susceptible 19A has increased more than antibiotic-susceptible 19A, antibiotic selection pressure could be contributing to this trend. We developed a dynamic compartmental transmission model of pneumococcus to better understand the causes of this rise and to estimate the impact of vaccines or changes in antibiotic use on future IPD incidence in the U.S. in <2 year-olds. The model predicted that with current practices, serotype 19A IPD incidence will plateau at about the 2007 level over the next few years. The model suggests that antibiotic usage played a major role in the rise in antibiotic-non-susceptible 19A IPD, with a lesser contribution from PCV7 vaccination. However, hypothetical large decreases in antibiotic use starting in 2008 are predicted to yield only gradual decreases in antibiotic-non-susceptible 19A IPD. On the other hand, vaccines with modest (20%) effectiveness against 19A (or 6A or PCV7-serotypes) carriage are predicted to substantially (by 80%) decrease the incidence of IPD caused by those serotypes within 10 years of implementation. Our findings highlight that vaccine effects on colonization are key to their overall benefits. In addition, serotype changes following vaccine introduction may have multifactorial origins, with antibiotic use an important factor for resistant strains such as 19A. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Van Effelterre, Thierry; Fierens, Frederik; Hausdorff, William P.] GSK Biol, Wavre, Belgium. [Moore, Matthew R.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [White, Lisa] Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit MORU, Bangkok, Thailand. [Pelton, Stephen I.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Van Effelterre, T (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Rue Fleming 20, B-1300 Wavre, Belgium. EM Thierry.Van-Effelterre@gskbio.com OI Pelton, Stephen/0000-0003-4862-5344 FU National Institutes of Health [5 R01 AI066304-04]; Wellcome Trust of Great Britain; GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals; Pfizer; GSK; Novartis FX The authors thank Anna Dow (Freelance) for scientific writing support and Christine Vanderlinden (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) for editorial assistance and manuscript coordination. They also thank Jonathan Finkelstein (Department of Population Medicine; Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School) for sharing Massachusetts carriage data, and Cosmina Hogea (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) for very useful discussions about the model. The authors also acknowledge the clinicians, microbiologists, and investigators of the Active Bacterial Core surveillance program of the Emerging Infections Program Network. Lisa White acknowledges the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain for financial support. S Pelton credits National Institutes of Health (grant 5 R01 AI066304-04) as part of the funding for the Massachusetts carriage data. This work was funded by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals.; Conflict of interest: Drs. M. Moore and C.G.Whitney have no conflict of interest to declare. Dr. L White received consulting fees from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals in the past 3 years. Dr. Pelton is the recipient of investigator initiated research grants from Pfizer (formerly Wyeth), GSK and Novartis and has received honorarium for participation in advisory boards on pneumococcal vaccines and symposium from all three companies. Drs. F. Fierens, W. Hausdorff and T. Van Effelterre are employees of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, which produces a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: Drs. Hausdorff and T. Van Effelterre also report stock ownership in GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. NR 62 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 7 PY 2010 VL 28 IS 21 BP 3650 EP 3660 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.030 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 602HC UT WOS:000278128800006 PM 20359560 ER PT J AU Bautista, E Chorpitayasunondh, T Gao, ZC Harper, SA Shaw, M Uyeki, TM Zaki, SR Hayden, FG Hui, DS Kettner, JD Kumar, A Lim, M Shindo, N Penn, C Nicholson, KG AF Bautista, Edgar Chorpitayasunondh, Tawee Gao, Zhancheng Harper, Scott A. Shaw, Michael Uyeki, Timothy M. Zaki, Sherif R. Hayden, Frederick G. Hui, David S. Kettner, Joel D. Kumar, Anand Lim, Matthew Shindo, Nahoko Penn, Charles Nicholson, Karl G. CA WHO Consultation Clinical Aspects TI Medical Progress: Clinical Aspects of Pandemic 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NEW-YORK-CITY; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; HOUSEHOLD TRANSMISSION; A(H1N1) INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL LOAD; HUMANS; MEXICO; DEATH; HOSPITALIZATION C1 [Hayden, Frederick G.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Hayden, Frederick G.] Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London, England. [Bautista, Edgar] Natl Inst Resp Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Chorpitayasunondh, Tawee] Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Gao, Zhancheng] Peking Univ Peoples Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Harper, Scott A.; Shaw, Michael; Uyeki, Timothy M.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hui, David S.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Kettner, Joel D.; Kumar, Anand] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Kettner, Joel D.] Manitoba Hlth, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Lim, Matthew; Shindo, Nahoko; Penn, Charles] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Nicholson, Karl G.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. RP Hayden, FG (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, POB 800473, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM fgh@virginia.edu RI Hui, David/O-2754-2015 FU Roche; Baxter; Novartis; GlaxoSmithKline FX Dr. Kumar reports receiving grant support (to the University of Manitoba) from Roche for studies of oseltamivir; and Dr. Nicholson, receiving travel expenses and lecture and consulting fees from Baxter, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Disclosure Corms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org. NR 86 TC 530 Z9 565 U1 2 U2 60 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 6 PY 2010 VL 362 IS 18 BP 1708 EP 1719 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 591OQ UT WOS:000277311200008 ER PT J AU Fine, A Dentinger, C Johnson, TF Kossowski, A Steiner-Sichel, L Schwarz, AG Hartman, LK Honein, MA Jamieson, D Uyeki, T Al-Samarrai, T Creanga, AA Graitcer, SB AF Fine, A. Dentinger, C. Johnson, T. F. Kossowski, A. Steiner-Sichel, L. Schwarz, A. G. Hartman, L. K. Honein, M. A. Jamieson, D. Uyeki, T. Al-Samarrai, T. Creanga, A. A. Graitcer, S. B. TI 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Pregnant Women Requiring Intensive Care-New York City, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 321-326, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Fine, A.; Dentinger, C.; Johnson, T. F.; Kossowski, A.; Steiner-Sichel, L.; Schwarz, A. G.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Hartman, L. K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Al-Samarrai, T.; Creanga, A. A.; Graitcer, S. B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fine, A (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 5 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 17 BP 1688 EP 1690 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 591CR UT WOS:000277276600009 ER PT J AU Holzmann-Pazgal, G Wanger, A Degaffe, G Rose, C Heresi, G Amaya, R Eshofonie, A Lee-Han, H Awosika-Olumo, A Kuzmin, I Rupprecht, CE AF Holzmann-Pazgal, G. Wanger, A. Degaffe, G. Rose, C. Heresi, G. Amaya, R. Eshofonie, A. Lee-Han, H. Awosika-Olumo, A. Kuzmin, I. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Presumptive Abortive Human Rabies-Texas, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 185-190, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID VIRUS; MICE C1 [Eshofonie, A.; Lee-Han, H.; Awosika-Olumo, A.] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Off Surveillance & Publ Hlth Preparedness, Bur Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA. [Kuzmin, I.; Rupprecht, C. E.] CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 5 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 17 BP 1690 EP 1693 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 591CR UT WOS:000277276600010 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Carroll, MD Ogden, CL AF Flegal, Katherine M. Carroll, Margaret D. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Trends in Obesity and Extreme Obesity Among US Adults Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 5 PY 2010 VL 303 IS 17 BP 1695 EP 1696 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.518 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 591CR UT WOS:000277276600015 ER PT J AU Steitz, J Barlow, PG Hossain, J Kim, E Okada, K Kenniston, T Rea, S Donis, RO Gambotto, A AF Steitz, Julia Barlow, Peter G. Hossain, Jaber Kim, Eun Okada, Kaori Kenniston, Tom Rea, Sheri Donis, Ruben O. Gambotto, Andrea TI A Candidate H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Elicits Protective Immunity in Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; CODON OPTIMIZATION; REVERSE GENETICS; HUMAN ADENOVIRUS; DNA VACCINATION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; VIRUS; VECTORS; HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION AB Background: In 2009 a new pandemic disease appeared and spread globally. The recent emergence of the pandemic influenza virus H1N1 first isolated in Mexico and USA raised concerns about vaccine availability. We here report our development of an adenovirus-based influenza H1N1 vaccine tested for immunogenicity and efficacy to confer protection in animal model. Methods: We generated two adenovirus(Ad5)-based influenza vaccine candidates encoding the wildtype or a codon-optimized hemagglutinin antigen (HA) from the recently emerged swine influenza isolate A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)pdm. After verification of antigen expression, immunogenicity of the vaccine candidates were tested in a mouse model using dose escalations for subcutaneous immunization. Sera of immunized animals were tested in microneutalization and hemagglutination inhibition assays for the presence of HA-specific antibodies. HA-specific T-cells were measured in IFN gamma Elispot assays. The efficiency of the influenza vaccine candidates were evaluated in a challenge model by measuring viral titer in lung and nasal turbinate 3 days after inoculation of a homologous H1N1 virus. Conclusions/Significance: A single immunization resulted in robust cellular and humoral immune response. Remarkably, the intensity of the immune response was substantially enhanced with codon-optimized antigen, indicating the benefit of manipulating the genetic code of HA antigens in the context of recombinant influenza vaccine design. These results highlight the value of advanced technologies in vaccine development and deployment in response to infections with pandemic potential. Our study emphasizes the potential of an adenoviral-based influenza vaccine platform with the benefits of speed of manufacture and efficacy of a single dose immunization. C1 [Steitz, Julia; Kim, Eun; Okada, Kaori; Kenniston, Tom; Rea, Sheri; Gambotto, Andrea] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gambotto, Andrea] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Barlow, Peter G.; Hossain, Jaber; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steitz, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM gambottoa@upmc.edu OI Barlow, Peter/0000-0002-6516-9312 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5R01AI069282-02] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant 5R01AI069282-02 (A. G.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 5 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 5 AR e10492 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0010492 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 592LC UT WOS:000277379400026 PM 20463955 ER PT J AU Hurley, LP Lindley, MC Harpaz, R Stokley, S Daley, MF Crane, LA Dong, F Beaty, BL Tan, L Babbel, C Dickinson, LM Kempe, A AF Hurley, Laura P. Lindley, Megan C. Harpaz, Rafael Stokley, Shannon Daley, Matthew F. Crane, Lori A. Dong, Fran Beaty, Brenda L. Tan, Litjen Babbel, Christine Dickinson, L. Miriam Kempe, Allison TI Barriers to the Use of Herpes Zoster Vaccine SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; OLDER-ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; PHYSICIANS; INFLUENZA AB Background: The herpes zoster vaccine is the most expensive vaccine recommended for older adults and the first vaccine to be reimbursed through Medicare Part D. Early uptake has been 2% to 7% nationally. Objective: To assess current vaccination practices, knowledge and practice regarding reimbursement, and barriers to vaccination among general internists and family medicine physicians. Design: Mail and Internet-based survey, designed through an iterative process and conceptually based on the Health Belief Model. Setting: National survey conducted from July to September 2008. Participants: General internists and family medicine physicians. Measurements: Survey responses on current vaccination practices, knowledge and practice regarding reimbursement, and barriers to vaccination. Results: Response rates were 72% in both specialties (301 general internists and 297 family medicine physicians). Physicians in both specialties reported similar methods for delivering vaccine, which included stocking and administering the vaccine in their offices (49%), referring patients to a pharmacy to purchase the vaccine and bring it back to the office for administration (36%), and referring patients to a pharmacy for vaccine administration (33%). Eighty-eight percent of providers recommend herpes zoster vaccine and 41% strongly recommend it, compared with more than 90% who strongly recommend influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. For physicians in both specialties, the most frequently reported barriers to vaccination were financial. Only 45% of respondents knew that herpes zoster vaccine is reimbursed through Medicare Part D. Of respondents who began administering herpes zoster vaccine in their office, 12% stopped because of cost and reimbursement issues. Limitations: Survey results represent reported but not observed practice. Surveyed providers may not be representative of all providers. Conclusion: Physicians are making efforts to provide herpes zoster vaccine but are hampered by barriers, particularly financial ones. Efforts to facilitate the financing of herpes zoster vaccine could help increase its use. C1 [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Wellington Webb Ctr Primary Care, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Denver, CO 80204 USA. Childrens Hosp, Denver, CO 80218 USA. Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Amer Med Assoc, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. RP Hurley, LP (reprint author), Denver Hlth, Wellington Webb Ctr Primary Care, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, 301 W 6th Ave,MC 3251, Denver, CO 80204 USA. OI Tan, Litjen/0000-0001-9054-6696 FU CDC [CDC SIP 5 U48 DP000054-03] FX Grant Support: By the CDC (CDC SIP 5 U48 DP000054-03). NR 30 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 4 PY 2010 VL 152 IS 9 BP 555 EP + DI 10.7326/0003-4819-152-9-201005040-00005 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 595IN UT WOS:000277604000002 PM 20439573 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Chace, DH Lim, TH Mei, JV Hannon, WH AF De Jesus, Victor R. Chace, Donald H. Lim, Timothy H. Mei, Joanne V. Hannon, W. Harry TI Comparison of amino acids and acylcarnitines assay methods used in newborn screening assays by tandem mass spectrometry SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Tandem mass spectrometry; Amino acids; Acylcarnitines; Dried blood spots; Newborn screening ID DRIED-BLOOD SPOTS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; SUCCINYLACETONE; PHENYLALANINE; DISORDERS; SPECIMENS AB Background: The analysis of amino acids (AA) and acylcarnitines (AC) by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is performed in newborn screening laboratories worldwide. While butyl esterification assays are routine, it is possible to detect AAs and ACs as their native free acids (underivatized). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program provides dried blood spot (DBS) quality control (QC) and proficiency testing (PT) programs for numerous MS/MS analytes. We describe empirical differences between derivatization and non-derivatization techniques for selected AAs and ACs. Methods: DBS materials were prepared at levels near, above and below mean domestic laboratory cut-offs, and distributed to program participants for MS/MS analysis. Laboratories reported quantitative and qualitative results. QC DBS materials were assayed in-house following established protocols. Result: Minor differences (<15%) between quantitative values resulting from butyl esters and free acid techniques were observed for the majority of the analytes. Mass spectrometric response from underivatized dicarboxylic acid acylcarnitines was less intense than their butyl esters. Conclusions: The use of underivatized techniques may also result in the inability to differentiate isobaric acylcarnitines. Laboratories should establish their own protocols by focusing on the decisions that identify test results requiring additional follow-up testing versus those that do not. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [De Jesus, Victor R.; Lim, Timothy H.; Mei, Joanne V.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chace, Donald H.] Pediatrix Med Grp Inc, Ctr Res & Educ, Pediatrix Analyt, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. RP De Jesus, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdejesus@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control; Prevention's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) FX This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD MAY 2 PY 2010 VL 411 IS 9-10 BP 684 EP 689 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2010.01.034 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 590KJ UT WOS:000277224200013 PM 20122909 ER PT J AU Gagnon, M AF Gagnon, M. TI COMPARISON OF CYTOLOGY PROFICIENCY TESTING METHODS: GLASS SLIDES VS. VIRTUAL SLIDES SO ACTA CYTOLOGICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gagnon, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0001-5547 J9 ACTA CYTOL JI Acta Cytol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2010 VL 54 IS 3 SU S BP 396 EP 396 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 600KZ UT WOS:000277986200104 ER PT J AU Trosclair, A Dube, SR AF Trosclair, Angela Dube, Shanta R. TI Smoking among adults reporting lifetime depression, anxiety, anxiety with depression, and major depressive episode, United States, 2005-2006 SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE Smoking; Anxiety; Depression; Major depressive episode ID SERIOUS MENTAL-ILLNESS; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; NATIONAL-SURVEY; HEALTH; POPULATION; TOLERANCE; RELAPSE; PROGRAM AB Objectives: To describe rates of current smoking among persons with and without lifetime anxiety. depression, anxiety with depression, or major depressive episode. Methods: Data on 73 024 adult respondents from the 2005-2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were used to examine smoking status, intensity, frequency, dependence, and quit rates among persons with and without self-reported lifetime history of depression, anxiety, anxiety with depression, or major depressive episode (LDAMDE). Results: of persons with LDAMDE, 33% were current smokers, while 22.5% of persons who did not report LDAMDE were current smokers. Persons with LDAMDE were heavier and more frequent smokers and had lower quit rates and higher dependence compared to persons with no LDAMDE. Conclusions: Compared to persons with no LDAMDE, persons with LDAMDE are more likely to be current smokers. smoke with higher intensity and frequency, have more dependence. and have lower success at quitting. The present study further underscores the need to address nicotine dependence as well as underlying mental health conditions that are known to be comorbid with smoking. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Trosclair, Angela; Dube, Shanta R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Trosclair, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ATrosclair@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 35 IS 5 BP 438 EP 443 DI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.12.011 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 576BG UT WOS:000276118000010 PM 20079577 ER PT J AU Narva, AS Briggs, M Jordan, R Pavkov, ME Burrows, NR Williams, DE AF Narva, Andrew S. Briggs, Michael Jordan, Regina Pavkov, Meda E. Burrows, Nilka Rios Williams, Desmond E. TI Toward a More Collaborative Federal Response to Chronic Kidney Disease SO ADVANCES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Chronic kidney disease; Fistula First; Surveillance; Quality improvement organizations; CDC; CMS; NIDDK; NKDEP ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; NONDIABETIC RENAL-DISEASE; PROGRESSION; METAANALYSIS AB Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health problem in the United States. However, data from the United States Renal Data System and other sources suggest that care for people with CKD does not meet recommended standards. The Federal government has developed the infrastructure to promote population-based interventions which have reduced the burden of other chronic illnesses. An effective, coordinated response by Federal health agencies to the public health challenge of CKD could have a significant effect on the morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with CKD. In recent years, initiatives undertaken by three Federal agencies have made important advances in coordinating efforts. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has begun to develop public health infrastructure for monitoring the burden of CKD. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has, through the successful Fistula First Breakthrough Initiative (FFBI) and inclusion of CKD in the scope of work of Quality Improvement Organizations, promoted earlier diagnosis and treatment of CKD. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, through its National Kidney Disease Education Program, has reinvigorated and expanded the Kidney Interagency Coordinating Committee so that it is a robust vehicle to share information about activities, identify and disseminate promising practices and tools, and foster cross-agency collaboration. Collaboration among Federal health agencies has the potential to enhance efforts to reduce the burden of CKD. Published by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 [Narva, Andrew S.] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Briggs, Michael; Jordan, Regina; Pavkov, Meda E.; Burrows, Nilka Rios; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Burrows, NR (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM nrios@cdc.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 DK999999] NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1548-5595 J9 ADV CHRONIC KIDNEY D JI Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 17 IS 3 BP 282 EP 288 DI 10.1053/j.ackd.2010.03.006 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 599YE UT WOS:000277949400010 PM 20439097 ER PT J AU Berry, RJ Cogswell, ME Yeung, LF Tinker, SC Bailey, LB AF Berry, Robert J. Cogswell, Mary E. Yeung, Lorraine F. Tinker, Sarah C. Bailey, Lynn B. TI Folic acid nutrition: what about the little children? Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter C1 [Berry, Robert J.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Tinker, Sarah C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bailey, Lynn B.] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Berry, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rjberry@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY 1 PY 2010 VL 91 IS 5 BP 1409 EP 1409 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29346 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 585RD UT WOS:000276845100037 ER PT J AU Asfaw, AG Bushnell, PT Ray, TK AF Asfaw, Abay G. Bushnell, P. Timothy Ray, Tapas K. TI Relationship of Work Injury Severity to Family Member Hospitalization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE severe workplace injury; family health status; outside workplace stress factors; work leave ID RISK-FACTORS; OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; JOB STRESS; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; INTENSIVE-CARE; BACK-PAIN; IMPACT; SYMPTOMS; ACCIDENT; CONSEQUENCES AB Background Working while under stress due to a family health event may result in injuries of greater severity. Work leave might mitigate such consequences. Data and Methods Workers compensation data far 33,817 injured workers and inpatient medical data for 76,077 members of their families were extracted from the 2002-2005 Thomson Reuters Medstat MarketScan Health and Productivity Management (HPM) and Commercial Claims and Encounter (CCE) datasets. Using a probit model, the impact of family hospitalization on the probability that a subsequent injury would be severe (above average indemnity costs) was estimated, adjusting for age, sex. hourly versus salaried status, industry sector state, and family size. Results Family hospitalization within 15 days before injury increased the likelihood that the injury would be severe (from 12.5% to 21.5%) and was associated with 40% higher indemnity costs and 50% higher medical costs. Hospitalizations over 30 days before injury had no impact. Conclusion The observed higher severity of work injuries following family hospitalizations suggests additional analyses may find higher injury rates as well, and that timely family leaves might help prevent severe workplace injuries. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:506-513, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Asfaw, Abay G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Off Director, Washington, DC USA. [Bushnell, P. Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ray, Tapas K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Res & Technol, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Asfaw, AG (reprint author), 395 E St SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM hqp0@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 506 EP 513 DI 10.1002/ajim.20804 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 587HH UT WOS:000276980600005 PM 20187008 ER PT J AU Attfield, MD Kuempel, ED AF Attfield, M. D. Kuempel, E. D. TI Mortality Among U.S. Underground Coal Miners: A 23-Year Follow-Up (vol 51, pg 231, 2008) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Attfield, M. D.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kuempel, E. D.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Attfield, MD (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM mda1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 550 EP 550 DI 10.1002/ajim.20810 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 587HH UT WOS:000276980600010 PM 20187009 ER PT J AU Burkitt, KH Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Obrosky, DS Cuerdon, T Miller, LJ Jain, R Jernigan, JA Fine, MJ AF Burkitt, Kelly H. Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Obrosky, D. Scott Cuerdon, Timothy Miller, LaToya J. Jain, Rajiv Jernigan, John A. Fine, Michael J. TI Survey of employee knowledge and attitudes before and after a multicenter Veterans' Administration quality improvement initiative to reduce nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; quality improvement; prevention; employee survey; knowledge; attitudes; practices ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; HAND HYGIENE; UNITED-STATES; PERCEPTIONS; HOSPITALS; IMPLEMENTATION; PHYSICIANS; BELIEFS; STAFF AB Background: Although guidelines currently recommend prevention practices to decrease in-hospital transmission of infections, increasing adherence to the practices remains a challenge. This study assessed the effect of a multicenter methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevention initiative on changes in employees' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were distributed at baseline (October 2006) and follow-up (July 2007) at 17 medical centers participating in the Veterans' Administration (VA) MRSA initiative. Results: Surveys were completed by 1362 employees at baseline and 952 employees at follow-up (representing 57% and 56% of eligible respondents, respectively). Respondents included physicians (9%), nurses (38%), allied health professionals (30%), and other support staff (24%). Of the 5 knowledge items, the mean proportion answered correctly increased slightly from baseline to follow-up (from 71% to 73%; P = .07). The percentage of respondents who believed that MRSA was a problem on their unit increased over time (from 56% to 65%; P < .001). Respondents also reported increased comfort with reminding other staff about proper hand hygiene (from 61% to 70%; P < .001) and contact precautions (from 63% to 70%; P < .002). The percentage of respondents reporting at least one barrier to proper hand hygiene decreased over time (from 25% to 20%; P = .003). Conclusions: In this multicenter study of VA employees, implementation of a MRSA quality improvement initiative was associated with temporal improvements in knowledge and perceptions regarding MRSA prevention. C1 [Burkitt, Kelly H.; Obrosky, D. Scott; Fine, Michael J.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. [Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cuerdon, Timothy] VA Cent Off, Off Qual & Performance, Washington, DC USA. [Miller, LaToya J.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Directors Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, LaToya J.; Jain, Rajiv] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Chief Staffs Off, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Fine, Michael J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Burkitt, KH (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, 7180 Highland Dr,Bldg 2,Room A3004N 151C-H, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM Kelly.Burkitt@va.gov FU Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs; VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System FX This material is based on work supported in part by the Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System. None of the authors has any conflict of interest or financial interest associated with this study. The findings and conclusions reported in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Veterans Affairs, or the United States Government. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2010 VL 38 IS 4 BP 274 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.08.019 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 587GZ UT WOS:000276979600004 PM 20137828 ER PT J AU MacFarquhar, JK Jones, TF Woron, AM Kainer, MA Whitney, CG Beall, B Schrag, SJ Schaffner, W AF MacFarquhar, Jennifer K. Jones, Timothy F. Woron, Amy M. Kainer, Marion A. Whitney, Cynthia G. Beall, Bernard Schrag, Stephanie J. Schaffner, William TI Outbreak of late-onset group B Streptococcus in a neonatal intensive care unit SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Outbreak; late-onset group B Streptococcus; neonatal intensive care unit ID NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; RESEARCH NETWORK; NEWBORN NURSERY; DISEASE; INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFANTS; PREVENTION; SEPSIS; MENINGITIS AB Background: In September 2007, the Tennessee Department of Health was notified of a cluster of late-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) infections in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Outbreaks of late-onset GBS are rare. Methods: A case was defined as culture-confirmed invasive GBS infection in a neonate aged >= 7 days, identified in hospital A during August 23 to September 6, 2007. We reviewed medical records; examined NICU microbiology reports; and performed serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) on invasive isolates. Maternal GBS screening, prophylaxis, and infection control policies were reviewed and staff practices observed. Results: Five cases of late-onset GBS were identified. None of the mothers of the infants received optimal GBS prophylaxis. Patient isolates were of 2 serotypes, 3 PFGE patterns, and 2 MLST patterns. Three isolates were indistinguishable on subtyping. These 3 cases were clustered in time. No common health care providers were identified. Infection control deviations in the NICU were observed. Conclusion: We identified a multiclonal cluster of 5 late-onset GBS cases. Multiple factors likely contributed to the outbreak, including nosocomial transmission of GBS. Further efforts to prevent late-onset GBS disease are necessary. C1 [MacFarquhar, Jennifer K.; Jones, Timothy F.; Kainer, Marion A.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [MacFarquhar, Jennifer K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Timothy F.; Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Woron, Amy M.] Tennessee Dept Hlth Lab Serv, Nashville, TN USA. [Whitney, Cynthia G.; Beall, Bernard; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP MacFarquhar, JK (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, 1st Floor,Cordell Hull Bldg,425 5th Ave N, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM jmacfarquhar@hotmail.com NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2010 VL 38 IS 4 BP 283 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.08.011 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 587GZ UT WOS:000276979600005 PM 20022407 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Kallen, AJ Budnitz, DS AF Patel, Priti R. Kallen, Alexander J. Budnitz, Daniel S. TI PRODUCT-RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: IMPROVING RECOGNITION AND RESPONSE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Budnitz, Daniel S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 55 IS 5 BP 972 EP 972 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.02.342 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 590QR UT WOS:000277242600022 PM 20438988 ER PT J AU Zeliadt, SB Moinpour, CM Blough, DK Penson, DF Hall, IJ Smith, JL Ekwueme, DU Thompson, IM Keane, TE Ramsey, SD AF Zeliadt, Steven B. Moinpour, Carol M. Blough, David K. Penson, David F. Hall, Ingrid J. Smith, Judith Lee Ekwueme, Donatus U. Thompson, Ian M. Keane, Thomas E. Ramsey, Scott D. TI Preliminary Treatment Considerations Among Men With Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TREATMENT DECISION-MAKING; OUTCOMES; CARCINOMA; INFORMATION; VALIDATION; CAPSURE; SCALE AB Objective: To assess factors that may influence men's preference for surgery versus nonsurgical options among newly diagnosed patients considering treatments for local-stage prostate cancer. Study Design: Prostate cancer patients were approached at urology clinics after diagnosis but prior to starting treatment in California, South Carolina, and Texas. Using a survey about the treatment decision-making process, patients were asked about their likes and dislikes of 5 common treatment options: surgery (prostatectomy), brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and watchful waiting. Methods: Logistic regression identified associations between treatment characteristics and choice of prostatectomy compared with nonsurgical options, controlling for demographic, clinical, and psychological covariates. Results: Of the 198 eligible men who returned the baseline survey, 59% indicated they only considered surgery and 41% considered at least 1 nonsurgical option. In multivariate analysis, patients who thought treatment efficacy was a primary concern were significantly more likely to prefer surgery only (odds ratio [OR] = 6.20, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.74, 22.10); those indicating concern about personal burden were significantly more likely to prefer nonsurgical options (OR = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.22). Advice of friends and relatives and concerns over side effects were not significantly associated with preference for surgery versus other treatments. Conclusions: Men's perceptions about treatment efficacy and the personal burden of treatment dominated preferences for surgery versus nonsurgical options. Interventions to aid treatment decision making should account for these elements to minimize the impact of physician biases and patient misperceptions on men's decisions as how best to manage their prostate cancer. (Am J Manag Care. 2010; 16(5): e121-e130) C1 [Zeliadt, Steven B.; Moinpour, Carol M.; Ramsey, Scott D.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Zeliadt, Steven B.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. [Blough, David K.] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Penson, David F.] Univ So Calif, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hall, Ingrid J.; Smith, Judith Lee; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, Ian M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Keane, Thomas E.] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Urol Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Ramsey, SD (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, 1100 Fairview Ave N,M3-B232, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM sramsey@fhcrc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1-U48-DP-000050] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement 1-U48-DP-000050 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers Program, through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU MANAGED CARE & HEALTHCARE COMMUNICATIONS LLC PI PLAINSBORO PA 666 PLAINSBORO RD, STE 300, PLAINSBORO, NJ 08536 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD MAY PY 2010 VL 16 IS 5 BP E121 EP E130 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 602GF UT WOS:000278125800012 PM 20455638 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Louik, C Honein, MA Mitchell, AA AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Louik, Carol Honein, Margaret A. Mitchell, Allen A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Herbal use before and during pregnancy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 57th Annual Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference CY APR 14-18, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA DE drug safety; ephedra; herbal preparation; pregnancy ID OVER-THE-COUNTER; ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; PRODUCTS; COMPLEMENTARY; MEDICATIONS; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE: We estimated the prevalence and patterns of herbal use among US women before and during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study is an ongoing, population-based, case-control study. This analysis included 4239 women from 10 centers in the United States who delivered infants without major birth defects from 1998-2004. RESULTS: The prevalence of reported herbal use 3 months before or during pregnancy was 10.9%. During pregnancy, prevalence was 9.4% and was highest in the first trimester. Higher prevalence was associated with age greater than 30 years and education greater than 12 years. Use varied considerably by state (5-17%). Ginger and ephedra were the most commonly reported products early in pregnancy; teas and chamomile were most commonly reported throughout pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Potentially 395,000 US births annually involve antenatal exposure to herbal products. Health care providers should inquire routinely about herbal use and educate patients about what little is known regarding risks of these products. C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Louik, Carol; Mitchell, Allen A.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Broussard, CS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gnp2@cdc.gov RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; OI Louik, Carol/0000-0001-5429-5084; Mitchell, Allen/0000-0003-0950-6799 FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU223184, U50/CCU613232, U50/CCU822097, U50/CCU913241, 02081, U50/CCU713238, U50/CCU422096, U50/CCU613236, U50/CCU113247] NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 9 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 202 IS 5 AR 443.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.10.865 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 592TM UT WOS:000277403200011 PM 20035911 ER PT J AU Tinker, SC Cogswell, ME Devine, O Berry, RJ AF Tinker, Sarah C. Cogswell, Mary E. Devine, Owen Berry, Robert J. TI Folic Acid Intake Among US Women Aged 15-44 Years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDBEARING AGE; CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; FOLATE INTAKE; FORTIFICATION; PREVENTION; SUPPLEMENTATION; VITAMIN AB Background: In 1998, the IOM recommended all women capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 mu g of folic acid daily to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs). Purpose: This paper aims to describe how different sources of folic acid contribute to achieving the recommended usual daily intake. Methods: Data on 2617 nonpregnant U.S. women aged 15-44 years from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed in 2009. The usual daily folic acid intake from diet and supplements accounting for measurement error; the proportion of women consuming the recommended usual intake; and the adjusted associations of recommended intake with multiple characteristics were estimated. Results: Overall, 24% of nonpregnant U.S. women of childbearing age consumed the recommended usual intake (95% CI=20%, 27%). Intake was highest among non-Hispanic white women (30%), followed by Mexican-American (17%) and non-Hispanic black women (9%). Among women who used supplements with folic acid, 72% (95% CI=65%, 79%) consumed the recommended usual intake. Use of supplements was the strongest determinant (unadjusted prevalence ratio [PR]: 10.2, 95% CI=7.1, 14.7) of recommended intake, mediating associations of other characteristics. Among the 68% of women who did not use supplements, consumption of cereals with folic acid and having diabetes were the strongest determinants of recommended usual intake (PRs=20.2 and 0.10, respectively). Conclusions: Given that consumption of folic acid is an important public health goal to prevent NTDs, an evaluation of strategies, beyond recommendations that women consume supplements, is needed. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(5):534-542) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Tinker, Sarah C.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Devine, Owen; Berry, Robert J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tinker, SC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zzu9@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 NR 45 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 38 IS 5 BP 534 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.01.025 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 590GP UT WOS:000277213500010 PM 20347553 ER PT J AU McBride, CM Bowen, D Brody, LC Condit, CM Croyle, RT Gwinn, M Khoury, MJ Koehly, LM Korf, BR Marteau, TM Mc Leroy, K Patrick, K Valente, TW AF McBride, Colleen M. Bowen, Deborah Brody, Lawrence C. Condit, Celeste M. Croyle, Robert T. Gwinn, Marta Khoury, Muin J. Koehly, Laura M. Korf, Bruce R. Marteau, Theresa M. Mc Leroy, Kenneth Patrick, Kevin Valente, Thomas W. TI Future Health Applications of Genomics Priorities for Communication, Behavioral, and Social Sciences Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER; GENETIC RISK-ASSESSMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; TRANSLATION RESEARCH; WIDE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE; OBESITY; MEDICINE; PREVENTION; FAMILIES AB Despite the quickening momentum of genomic discovery, the communication, behavioral, and social sciences research needed for translating this discovery into public health applications has lagged behind. The National Human Genome Research Institute held a 2-day workshop in October 2008 convening an interdisciplinary group of scientists to recommend forward-looking priorities for translational research. This research agenda would be designed to redress the top three risk factors (tobacco use, poor diet, and physical inactivity) that contribute to the four major chronic diseases (heart disease, type 2 diabetes, lung disease, and many cancers) and account for half of all deaths worldwide. Three priority research areas were identified: (1) improving the public's genetic literacy in order to enhance consumer skills; (2) gauging whether genomic information improves risk communication and adoption of healthier behaviors more than current approaches; and (3) exploring whether genomic discovery in concert with emerging technologies can elucidate new behavioral intervention targets. Important crosscutting themes also were identified, including the need to: (1) anticipate directions of genomic discovery; (2) take an agnostic scientific perspective in framing research questions asking whether genomic discovery adds value to other health promotion efforts; and (3) consider multiple levels of influence and systems that contribute to important public health problems. The priorities and themes offer a framework for a variety of stakeholders, including those who develop priorities for research funding, interdisciplinary teams engaged in genomics research, and policymakers grappling with how to use the products born of genomics research to address public health challenges. (Am J Prey Med 2010;38(5):556 561) (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [McBride, Colleen M.] NHGRI, Social & Behav Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brody, Lawrence C.] NHGRI, Genome Technol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Croyle, Robert T.] NCI, Div Canc Control Prevent & Screening, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bowen, Deborah] Boston Univ, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Condit, Celeste M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Speech Commun, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gwinn, Marta; Khoury, Muin J.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Korf, Bruce R.] Univ Alabama, Dept Genet, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Marteau, Theresa M.] Kings Coll London, Dept Psychol, London WC2R 2LS, England. Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Social & Behav Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Patrick, Kevin] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Valente, Thomas W.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP McBride, CM (reprint author), NHGRI, Social & Behav Res Branch, NIH, 31 Ctr Dr,Bldg 31,Room B1B54, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM cmcbride@mail.nih.gov OI Marteau, Theresa/0000-0003-3025-1129 FU National Human Genome Research Institute FX Funding for the meeting was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute. The authors gratefully acknowledge the scientists who attended the workshop and participated in the discussions. They include: Christine Bachrach, PhD; Andreas Baxevanis, PhD; Barbara Bernhardt, MS, CGC; Barbara Biesecker, MS; Leslie Biesecker, MD; Vence Bonham, Jr, JD; Joseph Cappella, PhD; Francis Collins, MD, PhD; William G. Feero, MD, PhD; Phyllis Frosst, PhD; Sarah Gehlert, PhD; Eric Green, MD, PhD; Lawrence Green, DrPH; Robert Green, MD, MPH; Alan Guttmacher, MD; Donald Hadley, MS, CGC; Kathy Hudson, PhD; Kimberly Kaphingst, ScD; Deborah Klein-Walker, EdD, Matthew Kreuter, PhD, MPH; Anne Madeo, MS; Brendan Maher; Cynthia Morton, PhD; Robert Nussbaum, MD; Eliseo Perez-Stable, MD; Susan Persky, PhD; Barbara K. Rimer, DrPH; Debra Roter, DrPH; Charles Rotimi, PhD; Kurt Stange, MD, PhD; Vish Vishwaneth, PhD; Nora Volkow, MD. Additional thanks go to Ms. Gillian Hooker, Ms. Sarah Knerr, Ms. Christina Lachance, Dr. Christopher Wade, and Ms. Laura Wagner for their assistance in documenting and facilitating the breakout sessions. NR 96 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 38 IS 5 BP 556 EP 565 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.01.027 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 590GP UT WOS:000277213500014 PM 20409503 ER PT J AU Milstein, B Homer, J Hirsch, G AF Milstein, Bobby Homer, Jack Hirsch, Gary TI Analyzing National Health Reform Strategies With a Dynamic Simulation Model SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CARE; COSTS; DISEASE; POLICY; DISADVANTAGE; INEQUALITY; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; INCREASE AB Proposals to improve the US health system are commonly supported by models that have only a few variables and overlook certain processes that may delay, dilute, or defeat intervention effects. We use an evidence-based dynamic simulation model with a broad national scope to analyze 5 policy proposals. Our results suggest that expanding insurance coverage and improving health care quality would likely improve health status but would also raise costs and worsen health inequity, whereas a strategy that also strengthens primary care capacity and emphasizes health protection would improve health status, reduce inequities, and lower costs. A software interface allows diverse stakeholders to interact with the model through a policy simulation game called Health Bound. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:811-819. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.174490) C1 [Milstein, Bobby] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Syndem Prevent Network, Atlanta, GA USA. [Homer, Jack] Homer Consulting, Voorhees, NJ 08043 USA. RP Homer, J (reprint author), Homer Consulting, 4016 Hermitage Dr, Voorhees, NJ 08043 USA. EM jhomer@comcast.net NR 52 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2010 VL 100 IS 5 BP 811 EP 819 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.174490 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 585ME UT WOS:000276828800014 PM 20299653 ER PT J AU Liao, YL Tsoh, JY Chen, R Foo, MA Garvin, CC Grigg-Saito, D Liang, S McPhee, S Nguyen, TT Tran, JH Giles, WH AF Liao, Youlian Tsoh, Janice Y. Chen, Roxana Foo, Mary Anne Garvin, Cheza C. Grigg-Saito, Dorcas Liang, Sidney McPhee, Stephen Nguyen, Tung T. Tran, Jacqueline H. Giles, Wayne H. TI Decreases in Smoking Prevalence in Asian Communities Served by the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Project SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; AMERICANS; INTERVENTION; POPULATIONS; US AB Objectives. We examined trends in smoking prevalence from 2002 through 2006 in 4 Asian communities served by the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) intervention. Methods. Annual survey data from 2002 through 2006 were gathered in 4 REACH Asian communities. Trends in the age-standardized prevalence of current smoking for men in 2 Vietnamese communities, 1 Cambodian community, and 1 Asian American/Pacific Islander (API) community were examined and compared with nationwide US and state-specific data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results. Prevalence of current smoking decreased dramatically among men in REACH communities. The reduction rate was significantly greater than that observed in the general US or API male population, and it was greater than reduction rates observed in the states in which REACH communities were located. There was little change in the quit ratio of men at the state and national levels, but there was a significant increase in quit ratios in the REACH communities, indicating increases in the proportions of smokers who had quit smoking. Conclusions. Smoking prevalence decreased in Asian communities served by the REACH project, and these decreases were larger than nationwide decreases in smoking prevalence observed for the same period. However, disparities in smoking prevalence remain a concern among Cambodian men and non English-speaking Vietnamese men; these subgroups continue to smoke at a higher rate than do men nationwide. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:853-860. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.176834) C1 [Liao, Youlian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tsoh, Janice Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Chen, Roxana; Garvin, Cheza C.] Seattle King Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Chron Dis Prevent & Healthy Aging Unit, Seattle, WA USA. [Foo, Mary Anne; Tran, Jacqueline H.] Orange Cty Asian & Pacific Islander Community All, Garden Grove, CA USA. [Grigg-Saito, Dorcas; Liang, Sidney] Lowell Community Hlth Ctr, Lowell, MA USA. [McPhee, Stephen; Nguyen, Tung T.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Liao, YL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,K-30, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ycl1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2010 VL 100 IS 5 BP 853 EP 860 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.176834 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 585ME UT WOS:000276828800020 PM 20299646 ER PT J AU Schempf, AH Mendola, P Hamilton, BE Hayes, DK Makuc, DM AF Schempf, Ashley H. Mendola, Pauline Hamilton, Brady E. Hayes, Donald K. Makuc, Diane M. TI Perinatal Outcomes for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Other Pacific Islander Mothers of Single and Multiple Race/Ethnicity: California and Hawaii, 2003-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID LAST MENSTRUAL PERIOD; BIRTH-WEIGHT; GESTATIONAL-AGE; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; US-BORN; SUBGROUPS; AMERICANS; ULTRASOUND AB Objectives. We examined characteristics and birth outcomes of Asian/Pacific Islander (API) mothers to determine whether differences in outcomes existed between mothers of single race/ethnicity and multiple race/ethnicity. Methods. We used data from California and Hawaii birth certificates from 2003 through 2005 to describe variation in birth outcomes for API subgroups by self-reported maternal race/ethnicity (single versus multiple race or API subgroup), and we also compared these outcomes to those of non-Hispanic White women. Results. Low birthweight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) varied more among API subgroups than between mothers of single versus multiple race/ethnicity. After adjustment for sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors, API mothers of multiple race/ethnicity had outcomes similar to mothers of single race/ethnicity, with exceptions for multiple-race/ethnicity Chinese (higher PTB), Filipino (lower LBW and PTB), and Thai (higher LBW) subgroups. Compared with single-race non-Hispanic Whites, adverse outcomes were elevated for most API subgroups: only single-race/ethnicity Korean mothers had lower rates of both LBW (3.4%) and PTB (5.6%); single-race/ethnicity Cambodian, Laotian, and Marshallese mothers had the highest rates of both LBW (8.8%, 9.2%, and 8.4%, respectively) and PTB (14.0%, 13.7%, and 18.8%, respectively). Conclusions. Strategies to improve birth outcomes for API mothers should consider variations in risk by API subgroup and multiple race/ethnicity. (Am J Public Health. 2010;100:877-887. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.177345) C1 [Schempf, Ashley H.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schempf, AH (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6103, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ASchempf@cdc.gov OI Hirai, Ashley/0000-0002-6980-1039; Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2010 VL 100 IS 5 BP 877 EP 887 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.177345 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 585ME UT WOS:000276828800023 PM 20299645 ER PT J AU Eisen, RJ Griffith, KS Borchert, JN MacMillan, K Apangu, T Owor, N Acayo, S Acidri, R Zielinski-Gutierrez, E Winters, AM Enscore, RE Schriefer, ME Beard, CB Gage, KL Mead, PS AF Eisen, Rebecca J. Griffith, Kevin S. Borchert, Jeff N. MacMillan, Katherine Apangu, Titus Owor, Nicholas Acayo, Sara Acidri, Rogers Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily Winters, Anna M. Enscore, Russell E. Schriefer, Martin E. Beard, Charles B. Gage, Kenneth L. Mead, Paul S. TI Assessing Human Risk of Exposure to Plague Bacteria in Northwestern Uganda Based on Remotely Sensed Predictors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; YERSINIA-PESTIS; NEW-MEXICO; ENDEMIC REGION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MODELS; NICHE; FLEAS AB Plague, a life-threatening flea-borne zoonosis caused by Yersittia pesils, has most commonly been reported from eastern Africa and Madagascar in recent decades. in these regions and elsewhere, prevention and control efforts are typically targeted at fine spatial scales, yet risk maps for the disease are often presented at coarse spatial resolutions that are of limited value in allocating scarce prevention and control resources. In our study, we sought to identify sub-village level remotely sensed correlates of elevated risk of human exposure to plague bacteria and to project the model across the plague-endemic West Nile region of Uganda and into neighboring regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Our model yielded an overall accuracy of 81%, with sensitivities and specificities of 89% and 71%. respectively. Risk was higher above 1,300 meters than below, and the remotely sensed covariates that were included in the model implied that localities that are wetter, with less vegetative growth and more bare soil during the dry month of January (when agricultural plots are typically fallow) pose an increased risk of plague case occurrence. Our results suggest that environmental and landscape features play a large part in classifying an area as ecologically conducive to plague activity. However, it is clear that future studies aimed at identifying behavioral and fine-scale ecological risk factors in the West Nile region are required to fully assess the risk of human exposure to Y. pestis. C1 [Eisen, Rebecca J.; Griffith, Kevin S.; Borchert, Jeff N.; MacMillan, Katherine; Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily; Winters, Anna M.; Enscore, Russell E.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Beard, Charles B.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Mead, Paul S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Apangu, Titus; Owor, Nicholas; Acayo, Sara; Acidri, Rogers] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Eisen, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM dyn2@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 904 EP 911 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0737 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500026 PM 20439974 ER PT J AU Nakazawa, Y Williams, RAJ Peterson, AT Mead, PS Kugeler, KJ Petersen, JM AF Nakazawa, Yoshinori Williams, Richard A. J. Peterson, A. Townsend Mead, Paul S. Kugeler, Kiersten J. Petersen, Jeannine M. TI Ecological Niche Modeling of Francisella tularensis Subspecies and Clades in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TULAREMIA AB Two subspecies of Francisella tularensis are recognized: F. tularensis subsp. tularensis (type A) and F tularensis subsp. holartica (type B). Type A has been subdivided further into A1a, A1b, and A2, which differ geographically and clinically. The aim of this work was to determine whether or not differences among subspecies and clades translate into distinct ecological niches. We used 223 isolates from humans and wildlife representing all six genotypes (type A, B, A1, A2, A1a, or A1b). Ecological-niche models were built independently for each genotype, using the genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction. The resulting models were compared using a non-parametric multivariate analysis-of-variance method. A1 and A2 are ecologically distinct, supporting the previously observed geographic division, whereas ecological niches for types A and B overlapped notably but A1a and A1b displayed no appreciable differences in their ecological niches. C1 [Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Williams, Richard A. J.; Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Williams, Richard A. J.; Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Res Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Mead, Paul S.; Kugeler, Kiersten J.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Nakazawa, Y (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM ynakazawa@gmail.com; ricw@ku.edu; town@ku.edu; pfm0@cdc.gov; bio1@cdc.gov; JPetersen@cdc.gov RI Peterson, A. Townsend/I-5697-2013; Williams, Richard/J-9185-2014; Evolution and Conservation Biology, UCM Group /K-9382-2014 OI Peterson, A. Townsend/0000-0003-0243-2379; Williams, Richard/0000-0002-3263-2657; FU Microsoft Research; U.S. Department of Defense. and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding was provided by grants from Microsoft Research. the U.S. Department of Defense. and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 912 EP 918 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0354 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500027 PM 20439975 ER PT J AU Gregory, CJ Santiago, LM Arguello, DF Hunsperger, E Tomashek, KM AF Gregory, Christopher J. Santiago, Luis Manuel Arguello, D. Fermin Hunsperger, Elizabeth Tomashek, Kay M. TI Clinical and Laboratory Features That Differentiate Dengue from Other Febrile Illnesses in an Endemic-Area Puerto Rico, 2007-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION ANALYSIS; OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CASE DEFINITIONS; VIRUS-INFECTION; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIC; ADULTS; CLASSIFICATION; TIME AB Dengue infection can be challenging to diagnose early in the course of infection before severe manifestations develop, but early diagnosis can improve patient outcomes and promote timely public health interventions. We developed age-based predictive models generated from 2 years of data from an enhanced dengue surveillance system in Puerto Rico. These models were internally validated and were able to differentiate dengue infection from other acute febrile illnesses with moderate accuracy. The accuracy of the models was greater than either the current World Health Organization case definition for dengue fever or a proposed modification to this definition, while requiring the collection of fewer data. In young children, thrombocytopenia and the absence of cough were associated with dengue infection; for adults, rash, leucopenia, and the absence of sore throat were associated with dengue infection; in all age groups, retro-orbital pain was associated with dengue infection. C1 [Gregory, Christopher J.; Santiago, Luis Manuel; Arguello, D. Fermin; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gregory, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM hgk4@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 922 EP 929 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0552 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500029 PM 20439977 ER PT J AU Hills, SL Griggs, AC Fischer, M AF Hills, Susan L. Griggs, Anne C. Fischer, Marc TI Japanese Encephalitis in Travelers from Non-Endemic Countries, 1973-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID B-ENCEPHALITIS; 2-WEEK HOLIDAY; VACCINE; RISK; BALI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; THAILAND; VIETNAM; VIRUS; PREVENTION AB Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a severe disease and a risk for travelers who visit JE-endemic countries. We reviewed all published JE cases in travelers from non-endemic areas from 1973 through 2008, and assessed factors related to risk of infection. There were 55 cases that occurred in citizens of 17 countries. Age range of case-patients was 1-91 years (median = 34 years).Ten (18%) persons died and 24 (44%) had mild to severe sequelae. In a detailed risk assessment of 37 case-patients, 24 (65%) had spent >= 1 month in JE-endemic areas, and most had factors identified that may have increased infection risk. The estimate of overall JE risk was low, <1 case/1. million travelers to JE-endemic countries. Nonetheless, for each traveler, a careful assessment of itinerary and activities, a decision on vaccination, and information on mosquito precautions are needed to reduce the risk of this disease. C1 [Hills, Susan L.; Griggs, Anne C.; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Hills, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM shills@cdc.gov; anne.griggs@gmail.com; mfischer@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 930 EP 936 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0676 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500030 PM 20439978 ER PT J AU Winters, AM Eisen, RJ Delorey, MJ Fischer, M Nasci, RS Zielinski-Gutierrez, E Moore, CG Pape, WJ Eisen, L AF Winters, Anna M. Eisen, Rebecca J. Delorey, Mark J. Fischer, Marc Nasci, Roger S. Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily Moore, Chester G. Pape, W. John Eisen, Lars TI Spatial Risk Assessments Based on Vector-Borne Disease Epidemiologic Data: Importance of Scale for West Nile Virus Disease in Colorado SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA; INFORMATION; EXPOSURE AB We used epidemiologic data for human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in Colorado from 2003 and 2007 to determine I) the degree to which estimates of vector-borne disease occurrence is influenced by spatial scale of data aggregation (county versus census tract), and 2) the extent of concordance between spatial risk patterns based on case counts versus incidence. Statistical analyses showed that county compared with census tract, accounted for approximately 50% of the overall variance in WNV disease incidence, and approximately 33% for the subset of cases classified as West Nile neuroinvasive disease. These findings indicate that sub-county scale presentation provides valuable risk information for stakeholders. There was high concordance between spatial patterns of WNV disease incidence and case counts for census tract (83%) but not for county (50%) or zip code (31%). We discuss how these findings impact on practices to develop spatial epidemiologic data for vector-borne diseases and present data to stakeholders. C1 [Moore, Chester G.; Eisen, Lars] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Winters, Anna M.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Delorey, Mark J.; Fischer, Marc; Nasci, Roger S.; Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Pape, W. John] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Communicable Dis Program, Denver, CO USA. RP Eisen, L (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM lars.eisen@colostate.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [T01/CCT822307]; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01-A1-25489] FX The study was funded, in part, by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (T01/CCT822307) and a contract from the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (N01-A1-25489). NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 945 EP 953 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0648 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500032 PM 20439980 ER PT J AU Tong, SX Singh, J Ruone, S Humphrey, C Yip, CCY Lau, SKP Anderson, LJ Kaur, T AF Tong, Suxiang Singh, Jatinder Ruone, Susan Humphrey, Charles Yip, Cyril C. Y. Lau, Susanna K. P. Anderson, Larry J. Kaur, Taranjit TI Short Report: Identification of Adenoviruses in Fecal Specimens from Wild Chimpanzees (Pan trogylodytes schweinfurthii) in Western Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINATION AB DNA of two distinctive adenoviruses was detected in wild chimpanzees in western Tanzania that showed clinical signs of acute, upper respiratory disease, notably coughing. The amplified sequences from part of the capsid hexon gene suggests that one virus is a novel adenovirus serotype candidate and the other virus is a species C adenovirus most closely related to recent isolates from captive chimpanzees in the United States, Simian AdV 37 with 86% nucleic acid identity and Simian AdV 40 with 95% nucleic acid identity, respectively. The species C adenovirus sequences suggest possible recombination with a human adenovirus. The source of these viruses and disease association is not known. C1 [Tong, Suxiang; Ruone, Susan; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singh, Jatinder; Kaur, Taranjit] Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Humphrey, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yip, Cyril C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Microbiol, Res Ctr Infect & Immunol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Yip, Cyril C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.] Univ Hong Kong, State Key Lab Emerging Infect Dis, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Tong, SX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sot1@cdc.gov RI Yip, Chik Yan/B-7078-2013 FU National Science Foundation [0238069] FX This study was supported by the National Science Foundation grant #0238069 to Jatinder Singh and Taranjit Kaur. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 82 IS 5 BP 967 EP 970 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0668 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 592UQ UT WOS:000277406500035 PM 20439983 ER PT J AU Nuismer, SL Gomulkiewicz, R Ridenhour, BJ AF Nuismer, Scott L. Gomulkiewicz, Richard Ridenhour, Benjamin J. TI When Is Correlation Coevolution? SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE geographic mosaic; trait matching; species interactions; local adaptation; character displacement ID HOST-PARASITE COEVOLUTION; GEOGRAPHIC MOSAIC THEORY; LOCAL ADAPTATION; ARMS-RACE; CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; PHENOTYPIC INTERFACE; RECIPROCAL SELECTION; NATURAL-SELECTION; BROOD PARASITE AB Studying the correlation between traits of interacting species has long been a popular approach for identifying putative cases of coevolution. More recently, such approaches have been used as a means to evaluate support for the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution. Here we examine the utility of these approaches, using mathematical and computational models to predict the correlation that evolves between traits of interacting species for a broad range of interaction types. Our results reveal that coevolution is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for the evolution of spatially correlated traits between two species. Specifically, our results show that coevolutionary selection fails to consistently generate statistically significant correlations and, conversely, that non-coevolutionary processes can readily cause statistically significant correlations to evolve. In addition, our results demonstrate that studies of trait correlations per se cannot be used as evidence either for or against a geographic mosaic process. Taken together, our results suggest that understanding the coevolutionary process in natural populations will require detailed mechanistic studies conducted in multiple populations or the use of more sophisticated statistical approaches that better use information contained in existing data sets. C1 [Nuismer, Scott L.; Ridenhour, Benjamin J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gomulkiewicz, Richard] Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Gomulkiewicz, Richard] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ridenhour, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Nuismer, SL (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM snuismer@uidaho.edu OI Ridenhour, Benjamin/0000-0001-8271-4629 FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0540392, DMS-0540524, DEB-0613357] FX Funding was provided by National Science Foundation grants DMS-0540392 to S.L.N. and DMS-0540524 and DEB-0613357 to R. G. J.N. Thompson and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the funding agencies or the authors' institutions. NR 52 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 52 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 175 IS 5 BP 525 EP 537 DI 10.1086/651591 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 575XM UT WOS:000276104400004 PM 20307203 ER PT J AU Keller, JM Calafat, AM Kato, K Ellefson, ME Reagen, WK Strynar, M O'Connell, S Butt, CM Mabury, SA Small, J Muir, DCG Leigh, SD Schantz, MM AF Keller, Jennifer M. Calafat, Antonia M. Kato, Kayoko Ellefson, Mark E. Reagen, William K. Strynar, Mark O'Connell, Steven Butt, Craig M. Mabury, Scott A. Small, Jeff Muir, Derek C. G. Leigh, Stefan D. Schantz, Michele M. TI Determination of perfluorinated alkyl acid concentrations in human serum and milk standard reference materials SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Biological and Environmental Reference Materials CY JUL 07-10, 2009 CL Keble Coll, Oxford, ENGLAND HO Keble Coll DE Perfluorinated contaminants; Organic contaminants; Reference materials; Human samples; Blood; Intercomparison exercise ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; HUMAN BLOOD; POLYFLUOROALKYL CHEMICALS; ORGANIC-ACIDS; HUMAN SAMPLES; HUMAN PLASMA; EXPOSURE; PERFLUOROCARBOXYLATES AB Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) are certified reference materials produced by the National Institute of Standards and Technology that are homogeneous materials well characterized with values for specified properties, such as environmental contaminant concentrations. They can be used to validate measurement methods and are critical in improving data quality. Disagreements in perfluorinated alkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations measured in environmental matrices during past interlaboratory comparisons emphasized the need for SRMs with values assigned for PFAAs. We performed a new interlaboratory comparison among six laboratories and provided, for the first time, value assignment of PFAAs in SRMs. Concentrations for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and other PFAAs in two human serum and two human milk SRMs are reported. PFAA using different analytical methods in six laboratories and for milk SRM 1954 in three laboratories. The interlaboratory relative standard deviation for PFOS in SRM 1957 was 7%, which is an improvement over past interlaboratory studies. Matrix interferences are discussed, as well as temporal trends and the percentage of branched vs. linear isomers. The concentrations in these SRMs are similar to the present-day average concentrations measured in human serum and milk, resulting in representative and useful control materials for PFAA human monitoring studies. C1 [Keller, Jennifer M.; O'Connell, Steven] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Div Analyt Chem, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Kato, Kayoko] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ellefson, Mark E.; Reagen, William K.] 3M Co, Environm Lab, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Strynar, Mark] Environm Protect Agcy, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Butt, Craig M.; Mabury, Scott A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. [Leigh, Stefan D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Small, Jeff; Muir, Derek C. G.] Environm Canada, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Burlington, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Schantz, Michele M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Keller, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Div Analyt Chem, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM Jennifer.keller@noaa.gov RI Butt, Craig/A-9639-2010; Butt, Craig/E-4213-2013; OI Butt, Craig/0000-0001-5033-8745; Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776 NR 50 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 397 IS 2 BP 439 EP 451 DI 10.1007/s00216-009-3222-x PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 584QW UT WOS:000276768400005 PM 19862506 ER PT J AU Greenlund, KJ Kiefe, CI Giles, WH Liu, K AF Greenlund, Kurt J. Kiefe, Catarina I. Giles, Wayne H. Liu, Kiang TI Associations of Job Strain and Occupation with Subclinical Atherosclerosis: The CARDIA Study SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coronary Atherosclerosis; Occupation; Psychological Stress; Socioeconomic Factors ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ARTERY RISK DEVELOPMENT; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; YOUNG-ADULTS; DECISION LATITUDE; WORK STRESS; WORKPLACE DEMANDS; WHITEHALL-II AB PURPOSE: Although occupational factors have been associated with symptomatic ischemic heart disease, associations between job strain (low decision latitude and high psychological demands) and risk for subclinical atherosclerosis measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) have not been assessed METHODS: CAC was measured in 3695 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study in 2000 to 2001 and 2005 to 2006 Job characteristics measured by the demand-control model (psychological demands and decision latitude) were assessed in 198710 1988 and in 1995 to 1996 Associations between non-zero CAC and previous job characteristics and occupation were assessed, adjusting for Potential covariates RESULTS: Low decision latitude, high psychological demands, and job strain at either earlier examination were not associated with a positive CAC, nor were changes in the status of these job characteristics between 1987/1988 and 1995/1996 However, participants whose jobs were classified as managerial or professional in 1995/1996 were less likely to have a positive CAC than those in laborer occupations CONCLUSIONS: Job strain measured at two earlier time points was not related to the presence of CAC at follow-up 5 to 18 years later The association between earlier occupation and CAC may reflect socioeconomic differences or other occupational, industrial, or labor market characteristics Ann Epidemiol 2010, 20 323-331 Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Greenlund, Kurt J.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kiefe, Catarina I.] Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Liu, Kiang] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Greenlund, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-45, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01 HC048048, N01-HC-05187, N01HC48050, N01-HC-45205, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-48048, N01 HC048049, N01HC95095, N01 HC095095, N01HC48047, N01HC48048, N01-HC-95095, N01 HC045134, N01HC05187, N01-HC-48047, N01 HC048050, N01-HC-48049, N01 HC048047, N01HC45205, N01HC48049, N01 HC005187] NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 323 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.007 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 588UX UT WOS:000277101000001 PM 20382332 ER PT J AU Christensen, KY Maisonet, M Rubin, C Flanders, WD Drews-Botsch, C Dominguez, C McGeehin, MA Marcus, M AF Christensen, Krista Yorita Maisonet, Mildred Rubin, Carol Flanders, W. Dana Drews-Botsch, Carolyn Dominguez, Celia McGeehin, Michael A. Marcus, Michele TI Characterization of the Correlation Between Ages at Entry Into Breast and Pubic Hair Development SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALSPAC; Maximum Likelihood Estimation; Puberty ID PARENTAL OBESITY; GIRLS; MATURATION AB PURPOSE: The timing of breast and pubic hair development in girls are related, but the degree of correlation has not been well characterized. Periodic observations also are complicated by interval censoring. METHODS: Data used were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Mean age at entry into breast and pubic hair development was determined by the use of parametric survival analysis The bivariate normal cumulative distribution function was evaluated over the region containing the paired event times, the likelihood was maximized with respect to the correlation coefficient rho RESULTS: Among 3938 participants, estimated mean ages at entry into Tanner stage 2 for breast and pubic hair development were 10 19 and 10.95, respectively. The likelihood was maximized at rho = 0 503 to 0 506 This value remained relatively constant among subgroups, although some heterogeneity was observed by maternal and child body mass index and birth order CONCLUSIONS: The timing of breast and of pubic hair development is moderately correlated and remain so when it is stratified by characteristics associated with puberty Ann Epidemiol 2010, 20 405-408 (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved C1 [Christensen, Krista Yorita; Maisonet, Mildred; Flanders, W. Dana; Drews-Botsch, Carolyn; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Maisonet, Mildred; Flanders, W. Dana; McGeehin, Michael A.; Marcus, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dominguez, Celia] IVF Ctr Excellence, Hawaii Ctr Reprod Med, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Christensen, KY (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; OI Maisonet, Mildred/0000-0003-3561-2632 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The UK Medical Research Council; Wellcome Trust; University of Bristol FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The UK Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust: and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 405 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.005 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 588UX UT WOS:000277101000012 PM 20382343 ER PT J AU Okomo-Adhiambo, M Demmler-Harrison, GJ Deyde, VM Sheu, TG Xu, XY Klimov, AI Gubareva, LV AF Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret Demmler-Harrison, Gail J. Deyde, Varough M. Sheu, Tiffany G. Xu, Xiyan Klimov, Alexander I. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Detection of E119V and E119I Mutations in Influenza A (H3N2) Viruses Isolated from an Immunocompromised Patient: Challenges in Diagnosis of Oseltamivir Resistance SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; ISOLATED WORLDWIDE; A(H1N1) VIRUSES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ZANAMIVIR; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; SELECTION; FERRETS; ASSAYS AB The clinical use of the neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) oseltamivir is associated with the emergence of drug resistance resulting from subtype-specific neuraminidase (NA) mutations. The influenza A/Texas/12/2007 (H3N2) virus isolated from an oseltamivir-treated immunocompromised patient exhibited reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir in the chemiluminescent neuraminidase inhibition (NI) assay (similar to 60-fold increase in its 50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)] compared to that for a control virus). When further propagated in cell culture, the isolate maintained reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir in both chemiluminescent and fluorescent NI assays (similar to 50-and 350-fold increases in IC(50), respectively). Sequencing analysis of the isolate revealed a mix of nucleotides coding for amino acids at position 119 of the NA [E119(V/I)]. Plaque purification of the isolate yielded E119V and E119I variants, both exhibiting reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir. The E119I variant also showed decreased susceptibility to zanamivir and the investigational NAIs peramivir and A-315675. The emergence of E119V variants in oseltamivir-treated patients has been previously reported; however, the E119I mutation detected here is a novel one which reduces susceptibility to several NAIs. Both mutations were not detected in unpropagated original clinical specimens using either conventional sequencing or pyrosequencing, suggesting that these variants were present in very low proportions (<10%) in clinical specimens and gained dominance after virus propagation in MDCK cells. All virus isolates recovered from the patient were resistant to adamantanes. Our findings highlight the potential for emergence and persistence of multidrug-resistant influenza viruses in oseltamivir-treated immunocompromised subjects and also highlight challenges for drug resistance diagnosis due to the genetic instability of the virus population upon propagation in cell culture. C1 [Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret; Deyde, Varough M.; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Xu, Xiyan; Klimov, Alexander I.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Demmler-Harrison, Gail J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Demmler-Harrison, Gail J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Demmler-Harrison, Gail J.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Diagnost Virol Lab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), CDC, NCIRD, Influenza Div, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgubareva@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN FX M.O.-A. and T.G.S. received financial support for this work from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN. NR 39 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1834 EP 1841 DI 10.1128/AAC.01608-09 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 585DK UT WOS:000276804300025 PM 20194700 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G Krueger, A Rickert, R Burger, K Carattoli, A Whichard, JM AF Folster, Jason P. Pecic, Gary Krueger, Amy Rickert, Regan Burger, Karen Carattoli, Alessandra Whichard, Jean M. TI Identification and Characterization of CTX-M-Producing Shigella Isolates in the United States SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TEL-AVIV; SALMONELLA; SEQUENCE; PLASMIDS; ISRAEL; CTX-M-2; HUMANS; SPAIN C1 [Folster, Jason P.; Pecic, Gary; Krueger, Amy; Rickert, Regan; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burger, Karen] Wake Forest Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Carattoli, Alessandra] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Infect Parasit & Immune Mediated Dis, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov OI Carattoli, Alessandra/0000-0002-6120-6526 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2269 EP 2270 DI 10.1128/AAC.00039-10 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 585DK UT WOS:000276804300087 PM 20211893 ER PT J AU Bacon, DJ Udhayakumar, V AF Bacon, David J. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Plasmodium falciparum ATP6 Not under Selection during Introduction of Artemisinin Combination Therapy in Peru Reply SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter C1 [Bacon, David J.] USN, Lab Sci, Environm & Preventat Med Unit 2, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. [Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis,Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & En, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bacon, DJ (reprint author), USN, Lab Sci, Environm & Preventat Med Unit 2, 1887 Powhatan St, Norfolk, VA 23511 USA. EM david.bacon@med.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2280 EP 2281 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 585DK UT WOS:000276804300093 ER PT J AU Bacon, DJ McCollum, AM Griffing, SM Salas, C Soberon, V Santolalla, M Haley, R Tsukayama, P Lucas, C Escalante, AA Udhayakumar, V AF Bacon, David J. McCollum, Andrea M. Griffing, Sean M. Salas, Carola Soberon, Valeria Santolalla, Meddly Haley, Ryan Tsukayama, Pablo Lucas, Carmen Escalante, Ananias A. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Dynamics of Malaria Drug Resistance Patterns in the Amazon Basin Region following Changes in Peruvian National Treatment Policy for Uncomplicated Malaria (vol 53, pg 2042, 2009) SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Correction C1 [Bacon, David J.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Parasitol Program, Lima, Peru. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis,Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & En, CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Program Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Bacon, DJ (reprint author), Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Parasitol Program, Lima, Peru. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2282 EP 2282 DI 10.1128/AAC.00249-10 PG 1 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 585DK UT WOS:000276804300094 ER PT J AU Paddock, CD Fournier, PE Sumner, JW Goddard, J Elshenawy, Y Metcalfe, MG Loftis, AD Varela-Stokes, A AF Paddock, Christopher D. Fournier, Pierre-Edouard Sumner, John W. Goddard, Jerome Elshenawy, Yasmin Metcalfe, Maureen G. Loftis, Amanda D. Varela-Stokes, Andrea TI Isolation of Rickettsia parkeri and Identification of a Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia sp from Gulf Coast Ticks (Amblyomma maculatum) in the United States SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN WOOD TICK; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SP-NOV; NORTHERN PERU; INFECTION; IXODIDAE; BRAZIL; ACARI; PEACOCKII AB Until recently, Amblyomma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) had garnered little attention compared to other species of human-biting ticks in the United States. A. maculatum is now recognized as the principal vector of Rickettsia parkeri, a pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) that causes an eschar-associated illness in humans that resembles Rocky Mountain spotted fever. A novel SFGR, distinct from other recognized Rickettsia spp., has also been detected recently in A. maculatum specimens collected in several regions of the southeastern United States. In this study, 198 questing adult Gulf Coast ticks were collected at 4 locations in Florida and Mississippi; 28% of these ticks were infected with R. parkeri, and 2% of these were infected with a novel SFGR. Seventeen isolates of R. parkeri from individual specimens of A. maculatum were cultivated in Vero E6 cells; however, all attempts to isolate the novel SFGR were unsuccessful. Partial genetic characterization of the novel SFGR revealed identity with several recently described, incompletely characterized, and noncultivated SFGR, including "Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae" and Rickettsia sp. Argentina detected in several species of Neotropical ticks from Argentina and Peru. These findings suggest that each of these "novel" rickettsiae represent the same species. This study considerably expanded the number of low-passage, A. maculatum-derived isolates of R. parkeri and characterized a second, sympatric Rickettsia sp. found in Gulf Coast ticks. C1 [Paddock, Christopher D.; Sumner, John W.; Elshenawy, Yasmin; Metcalfe, Maureen G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fournier, Pierre-Edouard] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Unite Rickettsies, Fac Med, Marseille, France. [Goddard, Jerome] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol, Starkville, MS USA. [Goddard, Jerome] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Starkville, MS USA. [Varela-Stokes, Andrea] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Basic Sci, Starkville, MS USA. [Loftis, Amanda D.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi. RP Paddock, CD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Mailstop G-32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdp9@cdc.gov FU CDC; Unite des Rickettsies FX We thank Kristine Edwards (Mississippi State University) for assistance with collecting ticks; Uli Munderloh (University of Minnesota) for providing ISE6 cells; Allen Richards and Ju Jiang (Naval Medical Research Center) for providing complete gltA sequence data for "Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae"; Sherif Zaki (CDC) and Didier Raoult (Unite des Rickettsies) for their support and encouragement during this investigation; and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 58 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 76 IS 9 BP 2689 EP 2696 DI 10.1128/AEM.02737-09 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 586KP UT WOS:000276907400001 PM 20208020 ER PT J AU Riederer, AM Smith, KD Barr, DB Hayden, SW Hunter, RE Ryan, PB AF Riederer, Anne M. Smith, Kimberly D. Barr, Dana B. Hayden, Steven W. Hunter, Ronald E., Jr. Ryan, P. Barry TI Current and Historically Used Pesticides in Residential Soil from 11 Homes in Atlanta, Georgia, USA SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES CITIES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; CARE-CENTERS; URBAN SOILS; EXPOSURE; NEUROTOXICITY; RESIDUES; CHILDREN AB We used a multiresidue, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based method to measure seven pyrethroid, five organophosphorus (OP), and six organochlorine pesticides in soil collected from 11 Atlanta homes in 2006. Our objective was to collect preliminary data for a larger study of pesticide exposures among Atlanta children. The pyrethroid insecticides (cis- and trans-permethrin, bioallethrin) were the most commonly detected analytes, giving evidence of widespread outdoor use among our study homes. Our pyrethroid insecticide detection frequencies were higher than those reported in a recent study of Ohio and North Carolina homes; however, our maximum values were approximately half of those reported. We detected the target OP pesticides in only a few samples, but we found two restricted-use OP pesticides-methyl parathion and terbufos-and thus possible evidence of illegal residential use or environmental persistence in soil. We also detected dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDE) in samples from six homes. Although our small sample size limits comparison to other studies, our results provide evidence that residential soil is a potential source of human exposure to both current and historically used pesticides. C1 [Riederer, Anne M.; Hayden, Steven W.; Ryan, P. Barry] Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Smith, Kimberly D.; Hunter, Ronald E., Jr.; Ryan, P. Barry] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Smith, Kimberly D.; Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Riederer, AM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM arieder@emory.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU USEPA [RD-82929602-0] FX This work was supported by grant USEPA RD-82929602-0. Ideas expressed are the authors' and not necessarily those of the US EPA or CDC. All authors have disclosed that there exist no potential conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript. We thank Katie Wells and Parul Shah for assistance with field sampling. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 58 IS 4 BP 908 EP 917 DI 10.1007/s00244-009-9439-z PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 589GU UT WOS:000277135900002 PM 20016886 ER PT J AU Howerton, D Krolak, JM Manasterski, A Handsfield, JH AF Howerton, Devery Krolak, John M. Manasterski, Adam Handsfield, James H. TI Proficiency Testing Performance in US Laboratories Results Reported to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 1994 Through 2006 SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICIANS OFFICE; QUALITY; PROGRAMS; FAILURES AB Context.-Beginning in 1994, clinical laboratories performing nonwaived testing were required, under the regulations implementing the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA), to enroll and participate in a proficiency testing (PT) program approved by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Successful PT performance is a requirement for maintaining CLIA certification to perform testing in certain specialties and subspecialties and for specific analytes. Objective.-To evaluate the PT performance from 1994 through 2006 of hospital and independent laboratories (HI) compared with all other testing sites (AOT) for selected commonly performed tests and analytes. Design.-Proficiency testing data, from 1994 through 2006, were electronically reported to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services by approved PT programs as required by CLIA regulations. Approximately 16 million PT event scores from 36 000 unique testing sites were sorted into 2 groups based on the type of testing facility: HI or AOT. Results.-The PT performance scores for 15 of the most commonly performed tests demonstrated a decline in failure rates for both HI and AOT laboratory groups during 1994 through 2006 (analyte/test values reported in this article include alanine aminotransferase, amylase, bilirubin, cholesterol, digoxin, glucose, hemoglobin, leukocyte count, potassium, prothrombin time, theophylline, thyroxine, triglycerides, white blood cell differential, and uric acid). For most analytes, the difference in failure rates between HI and AOT was statistically significant. The AOT group started with higher failure rates, and remained higher for all analytes, during most years when compared with the HI group; although, over time, that difference diminished. The AOT group showed a greater decline in PT failure than the HI group. For all analytes, the AOT group performance improved during this period. Conclusions.-The PT performance improved dramatically for the AOT group from 1994 through 2006 as measured by a decrease in the percentage of laboratories with unsatisfactory performance for 15 selected analytes. The PT performance in the HI group improved modestly for some analytes during this same period, whereas, for other analytes, the group showed no apparent improvement. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010;134:751-758) C1 [Howerton, Devery] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Qual Management Program, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Div Lab Syst,Natl Ctr Preparedness,Detect & Contr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Howerton, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Qual Management Program, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Div Lab Syst,Natl Ctr Preparedness,Detect & Contr, Mailstop D-10,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dhowerton@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 134 IS 5 BP 751 EP 758 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 591RI UT WOS:000277320200012 PM 20441507 ER PT J AU Atladottir, HO Thorsen, P Schendel, DE Ostergaard, L Lemcke, S Parner, ET AF Atladottir, Hjordis Osk Thorsen, Poul Schendel, Diana E. Ostergaard, Lars Lemcke, Saane Parner, Erik T. TI Association of Hospitalization for Infection in Childhood With Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders A Danish Cohort Study SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL DISORDERS; CHILDREN; REGISTER; PREVALENCE; EXPRESSION; DENMARK; TRENDS; CELLS; TIME AB Objective: To investigate the association between hospitalization for infection in the perinatal/neonatal period or childhood and the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Design: A population-based cohort study. Setting: Denmark. Participants: All children born in Denmark from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 2002, comprising a total of 1 418 152 children. Exposure: Infection requiring hospitalization. Main Outcome Measure: The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for ASDs among children hospitalized for infection compared with other children. Results: A total of 7379 children were diagnosed as having ASDs. Children admitted to the hospital for any infectious disease displayed an increased rate of ASD diagnoses (HR, 1.38 [95% confidence interval, 1.31-1.45]). This association was found to be similar for infectious diseases of bacterial and viral origin. Furthermore, children admitted to the hospital for noninfectious disease also displayed an increased rate of ASD diagnoses (HR, 1.76 [95% confidence interval, 1.68-1.86]), and admissions for infection increased the rate of mental retardation (2.18 [2.06-2.31]). Conclusions: The association between hospitalization for infection and ASDs observed in this study does not suggest causality because a general association is observed across different infection groups. Also, the association is not specific for infection or for ASDs. We discuss a number of noncausal explanatory models. C1 [Atladottir, Hjordis Osk; Lemcke, Saane; Parner, Erik T.] Aarhus Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Parner, Erik T.] Aarhus Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Schendel, Diana E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ostergaard, Lars] Arhus Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Res Unit Q, Skejby, Denmark. RP Atladottir, HO (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Bartholin Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM hoa@soci.au.dk RI Parner, Erik/F-5532-2010 FU Arhus University Research Foundation; Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Familien Hede Nielsens Foundation; Lundbeck Foundation FX This study was supported by the Arhus University Research Foundation, the Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, the Familien Hede Nielsens Foundation, and the Lundbeck Foundation. NR 43 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 164 IS 5 BP 470 EP 477 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 590XG UT WOS:000277261100012 PM 20439799 ER PT J AU Brown, CR Moore, AT O'Brien, VA Padhi, A Knutie, SA Young, GR Komar, N AF Brown, Charles R. Moore, Amy T. O'Brien, Valerie A. Padhi, Abinash Knutie, Sarah A. Young, Ginger R. Komar, Nicholas TI Natural infection of vertebrate hosts by different lineages of Buggy Creek virus (family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FORT-MORGAN VIRUS; WESTERN GREAT-PLAINS; OECIACUS-VICARIUS; CLIFF SWALLOWS; HEMIPTERA CIMICIDAE; GENETIC-VARIATION; HOUSE SPARROWS; NILE-VIRUS; ARBOVIRUS; TRANSMISSION AB Buggy Creek virus (BCRV; family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) is an arbovirus transmitted by the ectoparasitic swallow bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae: Oeciacus vicarius) to cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus). BCRV occurs in two lineages (A and B) that are sympatric in bird nesting colonies in the central Great Plains, USA. Previous work on lineages isolated exclusively from swallow bugs suggested that lineage A relies on amplification by avian hosts, in contrast to lineage B, which is maintained mostly among bugs. We report the first data on the BCRV lineages isolated from vertebrate hosts under natural conditions. Lineage A was overrepresented among isolates from nestling house sparrows, relative to the proportions of the two lineages found in unfed bug vectors at the same site at the start of the summer transmission season. Haplotype diversity of each lineage was higher in bugs than in sparrows, indicating reduced genetic diversity of virus amplified in the vertebrate host. BCRV appears to have diverged into two lineages based on different modes of transmission. C1 [Brown, Charles R.; Moore, Amy T.; O'Brien, Valerie A.; Knutie, Sarah A.] Univ Tulsa, Dept Biol Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Padhi, Abinash] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Young, Ginger R.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Brown, CR (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Biol Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. EM charles-brown@utulsa.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI057569]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0514824] FX We thank Allison Johnson and Sara Robinson for field assistance and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on the manuscript. The University of NebraskaLincoln allowed us to use the facilities of the Cedar Point Biological Station. This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (AI057569) and the National Science Foundation (DEB-0514824). NR 29 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 155 IS 5 BP 745 EP 749 DI 10.1007/s00705-010-0638-8 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 589PP UT WOS:000277164900013 PM 20229115 ER PT J AU Duwe, K Rasmussen, S Louik, C Colarusso, T Reefhuis, J AF Duwe, K. Rasmussen, S. Louik, C. Colarusso, T. Reefhuis, J. TI Maternal Exposure to Venlafaxine and Risk for Birth Defects SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Duwe, K.; Rasmussen, S.; Colarusso, T.; Reefhuis, J.] CDC, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Louik, C.] BU, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011 OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2010 VL 88 IS 5 BP 366 EP 366 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 605AV UT WOS:000278320600077 ER EF