FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Spesock, A Malur, M Hossain, MJ Chen, LM Njaa, BL Davis, CT Lipatov, AS York, IA Krug, RM Donis, RO AF Spesock, April Malur, Meghana Hossain, M. Jaber Chen, Li-Mei Njaa, Bradley L. Davis, Charles T. Lipatov, Aleksandr S. York, Ian A. Krug, Robert M. Donis, Ruben O. TI The Virulence of 1997 H5N1 Influenza Viruses in the Mouse Model Is Increased by Correcting a Defect in Their NS1 Proteins SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; HORMONE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; NEUROVIRULENCE SAFETY TEST; MUMPS-VIRUS; PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE; POLYMERASE PROTEINS; MATRIX PROTEIN; RABIES VIRUS; RNA VIRUSES AB The NS1 protein of human influenza A viruses binds the 30-kDa subunit of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF30), a protein required for 3' end processing of cellular pre-mRNAs, thereby inhibiting production of beta interferon (IFN-beta) mRNA. The NS1 proteins of pathogenic 1997 H5N1 viruses contain the CPSF30-binding site but lack the consensus amino acids at positions 103 and 106, F and M, respectively, that are required for the stabilization of CPSF30 binding, resulting in nonoptimal CPSF30 binding in infected cells. Here we have demonstrated that strengthening CPSF30 binding, by changing positions 103 and 106 in the 1997 H5N1 NS1 protein to the consensus amino acids, results in a remarkable 300-fold increase in the lethality of the virus in mice. Unexpectedly, this increase in virulence is not associated with increased lung pathology but rather is characterized by faster systemic spread of the virus, particularly to the brain, where increased replication and severe pathology occur. This increased spread is associated with increased cytokine and chemokine levels in extrapulmonary tissues. We conclude that strengthening CPSF30 binding by the NS1 protein of 1997 H5N1 viruses enhances virulence in mice by increasing the systemic spread of the virus from the lungs, particularly to the brain. C1 [Spesock, April; Hossain, M. Jaber; Chen, Li-Mei; Davis, Charles T.; Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; York, Ian A.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Krug, Robert M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, Sect Mol Genet & Microbiol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Njaa, Bradley L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Spesock, April; Hossain, M. Jaber] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MD G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rkrug@mail.utexas.edu; rvd6@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX Salary support for C.X.Z., L.N., and K. W. was provided by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. NR 48 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 14 BP 7048 EP 7069 DI 10.1128/JVI.00417-11 PG 22 WC Virology SC Virology GA 781LA UT WOS:000291932400022 PM 21593152 ER PT J AU Holtz, TH Kabera, G Mthiyane, T Zingoni, T Nadesan, S Ross, D Allen, J Chideya, S Sunpath, H Rustomjee, R AF Holtz, Timothy H. Kabera, Gaetan Mthiyane, Thuli Zingoni, Tainos Nadesan, Sidhambaram Ross, Douglas Allen, Jennifer Chideya, Sekai Sunpath, Henry Rustomjee, Roxana TI Use of a WHO-recommended algorithm to reduce mortality in seriously ill patients with HIV infection and smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa: an observational cohort study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS; AREA; PREVALENCE; PEOPLE; ADULTS; ERA AB Background In 2007, WHO released revised recommendations and an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in seriously ill people living with HIV/AIDS. We aimed to assess the effect of the recommendations on clinical outcome in patients in South Africa. Methods We enrolled seriously ill patients (aged >= 15 years) with HIV infection and suspected smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis from three hospitals in KwaZulu.Natal, South Africa. Patients were consecutively enrolled into two cohorts: the first cohort was managed according to standard practice, and the second according to the WHO-recommended algorithm. The primary endpoints were rates of continued stay in hospital at 7 days after admission and survival at 8 weeks after admission. Findings 338 patients were enrolled in the standard practice cohort between August, 2008, and February, 2009, and 187 were enrolled in the algorithm cohort between March, 2009, and December, 2009. 7 days after hospital admission, 27% (n=50) of patients in the algorithm cohort were still in hospital, compared with 38% (n=130) in the standard practice cohort (rate ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.53-0.91; p=0.009). 8 weeks after admission, 83% (n=156) of patients in the algorithm cohort were alive, compared with 68% (n=230) in the standard practice cohort (1.23, 1.11-1.35; p=0.0001), with effect modified by hospital location. Interpretation In seriously ill patients with HIV infection and suspected smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, early antituberculosis treatment according to the WHO algorithm could significantly reduce mortality in South Africa. C1 [Holtz, Timothy H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIVAIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chideya, Sekai] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kabera, Gaetan; Mthiyane, Thuli; Allen, Jennifer; Rustomjee, Roxana] MRC, Durban, South Africa. [Zingoni, Tainos; Ross, Douglas] St Marys Hosp, Mariannhill, South Africa. [Nadesan, Sidhambaram; Sunpath, Henry] McCord Hosp, Durban, South Africa. RP Holtz, TH (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, SE Asia Reg Off, DDC 7 Bldg,4th Floor,Soi 4, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM tholtz@th.cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief FX US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 11 IS 7 BP 533 EP 540 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70057-3 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 783ZT UT WOS:000292124100021 PM 21514234 ER PT J AU Lee, JWY Berkowitz, Z Saraiya, M AF Lee, Jennifer Wai-Yin Berkowitz, Zahava Saraiya, Mona TI Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing and Other Nonrecommended Human Papillomavirus Testing Practices Among US Health Care Providers SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CERVICAL-CANCER; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-WOMEN; INFECTION; OUTCOMES; IMPACT; METAANALYSIS; NEOPLASIA; CYTOLOGY AB OBJECTIVE: To assess self-reported human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing practices by health care providers and clinics, including nonrecommended practices such as low-risk HPV testing, HPV cotesting in women younger than age 30 years, and HPV reflex testing for high-grade abnormal Pap test results. METHODS: We analyzed responses to a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Papanicolaou test providers administered in conjunction with the 2006 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Data analysis was performed on responses from 376 office-based health care providers and 216 outpatient clinics. RESULTS: Overall, 75.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.7-81.2%) of health care providers and 77.2% (95% CI 60.3-88.3%) of clinics reported ever using the HPV DNA test. Of health care providers who used HPV testing, 28.5% (95% CI 21.6-36.6%) used both high-risk and low-risk HPV tests. Most health care providers (59.6%, 95% CI 48.5-69.7%) and clinics (66.0%, 95% CI 48.0-80.3%) used HPV cotesting in women younger than age 30 years. A high percentage of health care providers and clinics performed reflex HPV testing after Pap test results of atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (71.4%, 95% CI 63.5-78.3% and 62.8%, 95% CI 49.0-74.9%, respectively) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (50.7%, 95% CI 42.4-58.9% and 49.0%, 95% CI 33.1-65.2%, respectively), results for which HPV testing is not recommended. CONCLUSION: Many health care providers reported inappropriate uses of HPV testing, which may lead to unnecessary follow-up and increased medical costs without added benefits. Interventions such as eliminating the low-risk HPV test from the U. S. market and educating health care providers and patients on appropriate indications for HPV testing are needed to discourage health care providers from such practices. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;118:4-13) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182210034 C1 [Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MSaraiya@cdc.gov FU External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. FX Jennifer Wai-Yin Lee completed this project during a 1-year fellowship with The CDC Experience, a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the CDC foundation from the External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 118 IS 1 BP 4 EP 13 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182210034 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 780SY UT WOS:000291880600002 PM 21691157 ER PT J AU MacKay, AP Berg, CJ Liu, X Duran, C Hoyert, DL AF MacKay, Andrea P. Berg, Cynthia J. Liu, Xiang Duran, Catherine Hoyert, Donna L. TI Changes in Pregnancy Mortality Ascertainment United States, 1999-2005 SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL MORTALITY; SURVEILLANCE AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate mortality ratios for all reported pregnancy deaths in the United States, 1999-2005, and to estimate the effect of the 1999 implementation of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) and adoption of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death, 2003 Revision, on the ascertainment of deaths resulting from pregnancy. METHODS: We combined information on pregnancy deaths from the National Vital Statistics System and the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System to estimate maternal (during or within 42 days of pregnancy) and pregnancy-related (during or within 1 year of pregnancy) mortality ratios (deaths per 100,000 live births). Data for 1995-1997, 1999-2002, and 2003-2005 were compared in order to estimate the effects of the change to ICD-10 and the inclusion of a pregnancy checkbox on the death certificate. RESULTS: The maternal mortality ratio increased significantly from 11.6 in 1995-1997 to 13.1 for 1999-2002 and 15.3 in 2003-2005; the pregnancy-related mortality ratio increased significantly from 12.6 to 14.7 and 18.1 during the same periods. Vital statistics identified significantly more indirect maternal deaths in 2002-2005 than in 1999-2002. Between 2002 and 2005, mortality ratios increased significantly among 19 states using the revised death certificate with a pregnancy checkbox; ratios did not increase in states without a checkbox. CONCLUSION: Changes in ICD-10 and the 2003 revision of the death certificate increased ascertainment of pregnancy deaths. The changes may also have contributed to misclassification of some deaths as maternal in the vital statistics system. Combining data from both systems estimates higher pregnancy mortality ratios than from either system individually. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;118:104-10) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821fd49d C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP MacKay, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6121, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM anm3@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 118 IS 1 BP 104 EP 110 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821fd49d PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 780SY UT WOS:000291880600015 PM 21691169 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Kamimoto, L D'Mello, TA Reingold, A Gershman, K Meek, J Arnold, KE Farley, M Ryan, P Lynfield, R Morin, C Baumbach, J Zansky, S Bennett, N Thomas, A Schaffner, W Kirschke, D Finelli, L AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Kamimoto, Laurie D'Mello, Tiffany A. Reingold, Arthur Gershman, Ken Meek, James Arnold, Kathryn E. Farley, Monica Ryan, Patricia Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Baumbach, Joan Zansky, Shelley Bennett, Nancy Thomas, Ann Schaffner, William Kirschke, David Finelli, Lyn CA Emerging Infect Program Network TI Children With Asthma Hospitalized With Seasonal or Pandemic Influenza, 2003-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza; asthma; pandemic ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; H1N1 INFLUENZA; VACCINATION; PREVENTION; BURDEN AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics and clinical courses of asthmatic children hospitalized with seasonal or 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza and compare complications by influenza type. METHODS: During the 2003-2009 influenza seasons and the 2009 pandemic, we conducted surveillance of 5.3 million children aged 17 years or younger for hospitalization with laboratory-confirmed influenza and identified those with asthma (defined as those aged 2-17 years with a history of asthma in their medical record or a discharge code for acute asthma exacerbation or status asthmaticus). We collected data from medical records on medical history and clinical course; data on asthma severity and control were not routinely collected. RESULTS: During the 2003-2009 influenza seasons, 701 (32%) of 2165 children hospitalized with influenza had asthma; during the 2009 pandemic, 733 (44%) of 1660 children had asthma. The median age of the asthmatic children was 7 years, and 73% had no additional medical conditions. Compared with asthmatic children with seasonal influenza, a higher proportion with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza required intensive care (16% vs 22%; P = .01) and were diagnosed with pneumonia (40% vs 46%; P = .04), whereas equal proportions had respiratory failure (5% vs 5%; P = .8) and died (1% vs 1%; P = .4). More asthmatic children with influenza A (seasonal or pandemic) had diagnoses of asthma exacerbations compared with those with influenza B (51% vs 29%; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of asthmatic children hospitalized with influenza have no additional medical conditions. Complications such as pneumonia and need for intensive care occur in a substantial proportion, highlighting the importance of influenza prevention through vaccination among asthmatic children. Pediatrics 2011;128:e27-e32 C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Kamimoto, Laurie; D'Mello, Tiffany A.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reingold, Arthur] California Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Gershman, Ken] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Meek, James] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy] Dent & Monroe Cty Dept Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Schaffner, William; Kirschke, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2011 VL 128 IS 1 BP E27 EP E32 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3343 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 786IV UT WOS:000292299500004 PM 21646257 ER PT J AU Lindley, MC Smith, PJ Rodewald, LE AF Lindley, Megan C. Smith, Philip J. Rodewald, Lance E. TI Vaccination Coverage Among U.S. Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years Eligible for the Vaccines for Children Program, 2009 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; REIMBURSEMENT; PREVENTION; SERVICES; DELIVERY AB Objectives. We compared (1) characteristics of adolescents who are and are not entitled to receive free vaccines from the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program and (2) vaccination coverage with meningococcal conjugate (MCV4), quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV4), and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines among VFC-eligible and non-VFC-eligible adolescents. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen, a nationally representative, random-digit-dialed survey of households with adolescents aged 13-17 years (n=20,066). Differences in sociodemographic characteristics and provider-reported vaccination coverage were evaluated using t-tests. Results. Overall, 32.1% (+/- 1.2%) of adolescents were VFC-eligible. VFC-eligible adolescents were significantly less likely than non-VFC-eligible adolescents to be white and to live in suburban areas, and more likely to live in poverty and to have younger and less educated mothers. Nationally, coverage among non-VFC-eligible adolescents was 57.1% (+/- 1.5%) for >= 1 dose of Tdap, 55.4% (+/- 1.5%) for >= 1 dose of MCV4, and 43.2% (+/- 2.2%) for >= 1 dose of HPV4. Coverage among VFC-eligible adolescents was 52.5% (+/- 2.4%) for >= 1 dose of Tdap, 50.1% (+/- 2.4%) for >= 1 dose of MCV4, and 46.6% (+/- 3.5%) for >= 1 dose of HPV4. Only 27.5% (+/- 1.8%) of non-VFC-eligible adolescents and 25.0% (+/- 2.9%) of VFC-eligible adolescents received >= 3 doses of HPV4. Vaccination coverage was significantly higher among non-VFC-eligible adolescents for Tdap and MCV4, but not for one-dose or three-dose HPV4. Conclusions. Coverage with some recommended vaccines is lower among VFC-eligible adolescents compared with non-VFC-eligible adolescents. Continued monitoring of adolescent vaccination rates, particularly among VFC-eligible populations, is needed to ensure that all adolescents receive all routinely recommended vaccines. C1 [Lindley, Megan C.; Smith, Philip J.; Rodewald, Lance E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lindley, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLindley@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 126 SU 2 BP 124 EP 134 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777ZT UT WOS:000291665800014 PM 21815303 ER PT J AU Klevens, RM Kruszon-Moran, D Wasley, A Gallagher, K McQuillan, GM Kuhnert, W Teshale, EH Drobeniuc, J Bell, BP AF Klevens, R. Monina Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Wasley, Annemarie Gallagher, Kathleen McQuillan, Geraldine M. Kuhnert, Wendi Teshale, Eyasu H. Drobeniuc, Jan Bell, Beth P. TI Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibodies in the US: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION COVERAGE; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION AB Objectives. We described seroprevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) in the United States during 1999-2006 and compared it with seroprevalence before the availability of vaccine. Methods. We analyzed data from the 1988-1994 and 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to obtain estimates of anti-HAV seroprevalence for the U.S. household population. We grouped region of residence based on the 1999 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations into 17 states with any recommendation (vaccinating) and 33 states without any recommendation (non-vaccinating). Results. During 1999-2006, the overall seroprevalence of anti-HAV was 34.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 33.1, 36.7). During 1999-2006, U.S.-born children living in vaccinating states (33.8%, 95% CI 26.2, 42.2) had a higher seroprevalence than children in non-vaccinating states (11.0%, 95% CI 9.4, 12.8; p<0.001). Seroprevalence among children increased from 8.0% (95% Cl 6.3, 10.1) during 1988-1994 to 20.2% (95% CI 16.0, 24.8) during 1999-2006 (p<0.001). For U.S.-born children aged 6-19 years, the strongest factor associated with seroprevalence was residence in vaccinating states. Among U.S.-born adults aged >19 years, the overall age-adjusted seroprevalence of anti-HAV was 29.9% (95% CI 28.3, 31.5) during 1999-2006, which was not significantly different from the seroprevalence during 1988-1994 (32.2%, 95% CI 30.1, 34.4). Conclusions. Increases in seroprevalence among children in vaccinating states suggest a positive effect of the 1999 vaccination recommendations. C1 [Klevens, R. Monina; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Drobeniuc, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna; McQuillan, Geraldine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Wasley, Annemarie; Gallagher, Kathleen; Kuhnert, Wendi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bell, Beth P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klevens, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmk2@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 126 IS 4 BP 522 EP 532 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777ZS UT WOS:000291665600008 PM 21800746 ER PT J AU Knoeller, GE Mazurek, JM Moorman, JE AF Knoeller, Gretchen E. Mazurek, Jacek M. Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Student Column WORK-RELATED ASTHMA AMONG ADULTS WITH CURRENT ASTHMA IN 33 STATES AND DC: EVIDENCE FROM THE ASTHMA CALL-BACK SURVEY, 2006-2007 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-STATE; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; DIAGNOSIS; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; MANAGEMENT; MICHIGAN; QUALITY C1 [Knoeller, Gretchen E.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Sch Publ Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, CDC, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Knoeller, GE (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Sch Publ Hlth, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS-HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ipb8@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 126 IS 4 BP 603 EP 611 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777ZS UT WOS:000291665600018 PM 21800756 ER PT J AU Huang, TTK Borowski, LA Liu, BM Galuska, DA Ballard-Barbash, R Yanovski, SZ Olster, DH Atienza, AA Smith, AW AF Huang, Terry T-K Borowski, Laurel A. Liu, Benmei Galuska, Deborah A. Ballard-Barbash, Rachel Yanovski, Susan Z. Olster, Deborah H. Atienza, Audie A. Smith, Ashley Wilder TI Pediatricians' and Family Physicians' Weight-Related Care of Children in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; HEALTH-CARE; OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; NATIONAL-SURVEY; OBESITY; ATTITUDES; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION; GUIDELINES; BARRIERS AB Background: Few national data exist to assess primary care physicians' (PCPs') clinical practices with regard to childhood obesity. Purpose: To survey pediatricians and family practice physicians regarding their assessment, counseling, and management of diet, physical activity, and weight status among pediatric patients in the primary care setting. Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey of pediatricians and family practice physicians sampled from the American Medical Association (AMA) Masterfile was conducted in 2008 and analyzed in 2010. Outcomes included physicians' self-reported practice behaviors regarding assessments of pediatric patients' weight status, counseling of diet and physical activity, and referrals and follow-ups. Results: Response rate excluding physicians listed as "no-contact" by the AMA was 73.7% among pediatricians and 66.9% among family physicians. Less than 50% of all PCPs assessed BMI percentiles regularly in children. Eighteen percent of all PCPs reported referring children for further evaluation or management. Fifty-eight percent of all PCPs reported never, rarely, or only sometimes tracking patients over time concerning weight or weight-related behaviors. Pediatricians were more likely than family physicians to assess weight status and provide behavioral counseling (p's<0.001). Conclusions: Active PCP participation in assessing or managing childhood obesity in the primary care setting appears low relative to the frequency of the problem in the U. S. Interventions to reduce the barriers to physician engagement in the assessment and management of healthy lifestyles are needed to prevent and control childhood obesity. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 41(1): 24-32) (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Smith, Ashley Wilder] NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Huang, Terry T-K] Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Human Dev, Bethesda, MD USA. [Yanovski, Susan Z.] NIDDK, Div Digest Dis & Nutr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Olster, Deborah H.] NIH, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Huang, Terry T-K] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Promot & Social & Behav Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Omaha, NE USA. [Galuska, Deborah A.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, AW (reprint author), NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 6130 Execut Blvd,MSC 7344,Execut Plaza N,Room 409, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM smithas@mail.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute [N02-PC-61301] FX Data collection for this survey was supported by the National Cancer Institute's Contract No. N02-PC-61301. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 24 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.016 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 775OC UT WOS:000291468700006 PM 21665060 ER PT J AU Smith, AW Borowski, LA Liu, BM Galuska, DA Signore, C Klabunde, C Huang, TTK Krebs-Smith, SM Frank, E Pronk, N Ballard-Barbash, R AF Smith, Ashley Wilder Borowski, Laurel A. Liu, Benmei Galuska, Deborah A. Signore, Caroline Klabunde, Carrie Huang, Terry T-K Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Frank, Erica Pronk, Nico Ballard-Barbash, Rachel TI US Primary Care Physicians' Diet-, Physical Activity-, and Weight-Related Care of Adult Patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL TRENDS; PROFESSIONALS; ATTITUDES; OBESITY; PRACTITIONERS; SPECIALTY; BARRIERS; PROMOTE; WOMEN AB Background: Overweight and obesity are substantial problems in the U. S., but few national studies exist on primary care physicians' (PCPs') clinical practices regarding overweight and obesity. Purpose: To profile diet, physical activity, and weight control practice patterns of PCPs who treat adults. Methods: A nationally representative survey of 1211 PCPs sampled from the American Medical Association's Masterfile was conducted in 2008 and analyzed in 2010. Outcomes included PCPs' assessment, counseling, referral, and follow-up of diet, physical activity, and weight control in adult patients with and without chronic disease and PCPs' use of pharmacologic treatments and surgical referrals for overweight and obesity. Results: The survey response rate was 64.5%. Half of PCPs (49%) reported recording BMI regularly. Fewer than 50% reported always providing specific guidance on diet, physical activity, or weight control. Regardless of patients' chronic disease status, <10% of PCPs always referred patients for further evaluation/management and <22% reported always systematically tracking patients over time concerning weight or weight-related behaviors. Overall, PCPs were more likely to counsel on physical activity than on diet or weight control (p's<0.05). More than 70% of PCPs reported ever using pharmacologic treatments to treat overweight and 86% had referred for obesity-related surgery. Conclusions: PCPs' assessment and behavioral management of overweight and obesity in adults is at a low level relative to the magnitude of the problem in the U. S. Further research is needed to understand barriers to providing care and to improve physician engagement in tracking and managing healthy lifestyles in U. S. adults. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 41(1): 33-42) (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Smith, Ashley Wilder] NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Signore, Caroline] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Pregnancy & Perinatol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. [Galuska, Deborah A.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Frank, Erica] Univ British Columbia, Dept Family Practice, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Pronk, Nico] JourneyWell HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Pronk, Nico] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Smith, AW (reprint author), NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 6130 Execut Blvd,MSC 7344,Execut Plaza N,Room 409, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM smithas@mail.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute [N02-PC-61301] FX Data collection for this survey was supported by the National Cancer Institute's Contract No. N02-PC-61301. NR 41 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.017 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 775OC UT WOS:000291468700007 PM 21665061 ER PT J AU Perry, GS Presley-Cantrell, LR Edwards, VJ AF Perry, Geraldine S. Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R. Edwards, Valerie J. TI ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EVENTS IN THE MENTAL HEALTH DISCUSSION RESPONSE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter ID PREVENTION; ADULTS C1 [Perry, Geraldine S.; Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R.; Edwards, Valerie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Perry, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gperry@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 1157 EP 1157 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300241 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 776DG UT WOS:000291514100002 ER PT J AU Oren, E Winston, CA Pratt, R Robison, VA Narita, M AF Oren, Eyal Winston, Carla A. Pratt, Robert Robison, Valerie A. Narita, Masahiro TI Epidemiology of Urban Tuberculosis in the United States, 2000-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DIRECTLY OBSERVED THERAPY; FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; NEW-YORK-CITY; POPULATION HEALTH; SAN-FRANCISCO; NEW-JERSEY; CITIES; TRANSMISSION; ELIMINATION; OUTBREAK AB Objectives. We investigated tuberculosis (TB) incidence rates and characteristics of patients with TB in large US cities. Methods. Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Tuberculosis Surveillance System data, we categorized 48 cities annually from 2000 to 2007 as reporting decreasing or nondecreasing rates with Joinpoint analysis. We compared demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of patients with TB using bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results. We found that 42448 patients with TB in 48 cities accounted for 36% of all US patients with TB; these cities comprised 15% of the US population. The average TB incidence rate in the 48 cities (12.1 per 100000) was higher than that in the US excluding the cities (3.8 per 100000) but decreased at a faster rate. Nineteen cities had decreasing rates; 29 cities had nondecreasing rates. Patient characteristics did not conclusively distinguish decreasing and nondecreasing rate cities. Conclusions. A significant TB burden occurs in large US cities. More than half (60%) of the selected cities did not show decreasing TB incidence rates. Studies of city-level variations in migration, socioeconomic status, and resources are needed to improve urban TB control. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:1256-1263. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300030) C1 [Oren, Eyal; Narita, Masahiro] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, TB Control Program, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Winston, Carla A.; Robison, Valerie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Druid Hills, GA USA. [Pratt, Robert] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Century City, CA USA. [Narita, Masahiro] Univ Washington, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Oren, E (reprint author), Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, TB Control Program, Harborview Med Ctr, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM eyal.oren@kingcounty.org OI Oren, Eyal/0000-0001-7817-3516 FU National Association of County and City Health Officials FX The National Association of County and City Health Officials provided general support for this work. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 1256 EP 1263 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300030 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 776DG UT WOS:000291514100026 PM 21566031 ER PT J AU Des Jarlais, DC Arasteh, K McKnight, C Hagan, H Perlman, DC Semaan, S AF Des Jarlais, Don C. Arasteh, Kamyar McKnight, Courtney Hagan, Holly Perlman, David C. Semaan, Salaam TI Associations Between Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 and HCV With HIV Among Injecting Drug Users in New York City: The Current Importance of Sexual Transmission of HIV SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C-VIRUS; RISK; INFECTION; PREVENTION; EPIDEMIC; COHORT; WOMEN; SEROPREVALENCE; METAANALYSIS AB Objectives. We examined relationships between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a biomarker for sexual risk, and HCV, a biomarker for injecting risk, with HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs) who began injecting after large-scale expansion of syringe exchange programs in New York City. Methods. We recruited 337 heroin and cocaine users who began injecting in 1995 or later from persons entering drug detoxification. We administered a structured interview covering drug use and HIV risk behavior and collected serum samples for HIV, HCV, and HSV-2 testing. Results. HIV prevalence was 8%, HSV-2 39%, and HCV 55%. We found a significant association between HSV-2 and HIV (odds ratio [OR]=7.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.9, 21.4) and no association between HCV and HIV (OR=1.14; 95% CI=0.5, 2.6). Black IDUs had the highest prevalence of HSV-2 (76%) and HIV (24%) but the lowest prevalence of HCV (34%). Conclusions. Most HIV infections among these IDUs occurred through sexual transmission. The relative importance of injecting versus sexual transmission of HIV may be critical for understanding racial/ethnic disparities in HIV infection. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:1277-1283. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300130) C1 [Des Jarlais, Don C.; Arasteh, Kamyar; McKnight, Courtney; Perlman, David C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chem Dependency Inst, New York, NY 10038 USA. [Hagan, Holly] NYU, Sch Nursing, New York, NY USA. [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Des Jarlais, DC (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chem Dependency Inst, 160 Water St,24th Floor, New York, NY 10038 USA. FU National Institutes of Health [DA 03574, 2 P30 DA 11041] FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grants DA 03574 and 2 P30 DA 11041). NR 44 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 1277 EP 1283 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300130 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 776DG UT WOS:000291514100029 PM 21566021 ER PT J AU Borse, NN Hyder, AA Streatfield, PK Arifeen, SE Bishai, D AF Borse, N. N. Hyder, A. A. Streatfield, P. K. Arifeen, S. E. Bishai, D. TI Childhood drowning and traditional rescue measures: case study from Matlab, Bangladesh SO ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRY; VERBAL AUTOPSY; RISK-FACTORS; RURAL AREA; CHILDREN; PREVENTION; INJURIES; DEATHS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Recent mortality data indicate that approximately half a million people drown each year worldwide, with more than 97% of such deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to examine verbal autopsy data on the circumstances of childhood drowning in Matlab, Bangladesh. The study analysed 10 years (1996-2005) of data which reported 489 deaths in children under 5 years and recorded preimmersion, immersion and postimmersion events. The data summarised household characteristics, age, gender and time of drowning event. The study also examined traditional rescue methods performed on children who were removed from the water OR found drowning. Of 489 deaths, 57% were aged 1-2 years and had a drowning mortality rate of 521 per 100 000 children. Most drowning events occurred during the morning (68%), in ponds (69%), and while the mother was busy doing household chores (70%). Traditional rescue methods were attempted in 55% of children and the most frequently reported measure was to spin the child over head (35%). Only 3% of families tried to perform resuscitation. Verbal autopsy data for Matlab is a useful resource for childhood injury research in a low-income country. The study is one of the first to publish data on traditional rescue practices performed on drowning children in rural Bangladesh. The findings suggest that interventions should be designed using locally identified risk factors to reduce childhood drowning incidents. Community-based resuscitation techniques and emergency medical systems are needed to improve postimmersion recovery of the child. C1 [Borse, N. N.; Hyder, A. A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Syst Program, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Borse, N. N.; Streatfield, P. K.; Arifeen, S. E.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Publ Hlth Sci Div, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Hyder, A. A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Int Injury Res Unit, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bishai, D.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Family & Reprod Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Borse, NN (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-41, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM nborse@cdc.gov OI Bishai, David/0000-0003-0714-9062 FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX This research was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This project was also partly supported by USAID Family Health and Child Survival Cooperative Agreement through Global Research Activity to Johns Hopkins University. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-9888 J9 ARCH DIS CHILD JI Arch. Dis. Child. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 96 IS 7 BP 675 EP 680 DI 10.1136/adc.2010.202010 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 775QO UT WOS:000291477900016 PM 21398317 ER PT J AU Jayatilaka, NK Montesano, MA Whitehead, RD Schloth, SJ Needham, LL Barr, DB AF Jayatilaka, Nayana K. Montesano, M. Angela Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr. Schloth, Sara J. Needham, Larry L. Barr, Dana Boyd TI High-Throughput Sample Preparation for the Quantitation of Acephate, Methamidophos, Omethoate, Dimethoate, Ethylenethiourea, and Propylenethiourea in Human Urine Using 96-Well-Plate Automated Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN SERUM; EXPOSURE; QUANTIFICATION; TOXICOLOGY; WORKERS; WATER; FARM AB Acephate, methamidophos, o-methoate, and dimethoate are organophosphorus pesticides, and ethylenethiouria and propylenethiourea are two metabolites from the bisdithiocarbamate fungicide family. They are some of the most widely used pesticides and fungicides in agriculture both domestically and abroad. The existing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method for the measurement of these compounds in human urine was improved by using a 96-well plate format sample preparation; the use of HPLC-MS/MS was comparable with a concentration range of 0.125 to 50 ng/ml. Deuterium-labeled acephate, ethylenethiouria, and methamidophos were used as internal standards. The sample preparation procedure, in the 96-well format with a 0.8-ml urine sample size, uses lyophilization of samples, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The analytes were chromatographed on a Zorbax SB-C3 (4.6 x 150 mm, 5.0-mu m) column with gradient elution by using 0.1% formic acid in aqueous solution (solvent A) and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (solvent B) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Quantitative analysis was performed by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source in positive ion mode using multiple-reaction monitoring of the precursor-to-product ion pairs for the analytes on a TSQ Quantum Ultra HPLC-MS/MS. Repeated analyses of urine samples spiked with high (15 ng/ml), medium (5 ng/ml), and low (1 ng/ml) concentrations of the analytes gave relative SDs of < 13%. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.004-0.01 ng/ml. The method also has high accuracy, high precision, and excellent extraction recovery. Furthermore, the improved sample preparation method decreased the cost and labor required while effectively doubling the analytic throughput with minimal matrix effect. C1 [Jayatilaka, Nayana K.; Montesano, M. Angela; Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr.; Schloth, Sara J.; Needham, Larry L.; Barr, Dana Boyd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Montesano, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AHM2@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 61 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s00244-010-9593-3 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 777FJ UT WOS:000291601000004 PM 20878153 ER PT J AU Doshi, SJ Sandhu, HS Venczel, LV Hymbaugh, KJ Deshpande, JM Pallansch, MA Bahl, S Wenger, JD Cochi, SL AF Doshi, Sucheta J. Sandhu, Hardeep S. Venczel, Linda V. Hymbaugh, Karen J. Deshpande, Jagadish M. Pallansch, Mark A. Bahl, Sunil Wenger, Jay D. Cochi, Steve L. TI Poliomyelitis-Related Case-Fatality Ratio in India, 2002-2006 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS; ATTACK RATE; SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK AB Background. On the basis of studies from developed countries, the case-fatality ratio (CFR) of poliomyelitis generally ranges from 2%-5% among children <5 years of age to 10%-30% among adults. However, little information is available for poliomyelitis-related CFR in developing countries. We conducted a study to determine the CFR in India, 1 of the 4 remaining countries with endemic wild poliovirus (WPV) circulation, during outbreaks of WPV infection during 2002 and 2006 and during the inter-epidemic years of 2003-2005. Methods. We conducted a descriptive analysis with use of data from the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system in India. Variables analyzed included age, caregiver-reported vaccination status, date of paralysis onset, laboratory results, final case classification, and survival outcome. Our analysis also accounted for surveillance changes that occurred in 2005, impacting case definitions and final classification. Results. In 2006, 45 deaths occurred among 676 WPV cases in India, yielding a CFR of 6.7%. By comparison, in 2002, there were 66 deaths among 1600 reported WPV cases (CFR, 4.2%) and during 2002-2005, CFR was 1.5%-5.2%. All 45 deaths were among 644 (95%) WPV cases in children aged <5 years (CFR, 7.0%). Among those who died, 33 (73%) were children aged <2 years (CFR, 7.1%). Conclusions. The CFR among children aged <2 years in India is high compared with previously published CFRs for young children, in part because of improved case finding through enhanced surveillance techniques. Fatal cases emphasize the lethal nature of the disease and the importance of achieving polio eradication in India. C1 [Doshi, Sucheta J.; Sandhu, Hardeep S.; Venczel, Linda V.; Cochi, Steve L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Doshi, Sucheta J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hymbaugh, Karen J.] World Hlth Org, Reg Off SE Asia, New Delhi, India. [Bahl, Sunil; Wenger, Jay D.] Natl Polio Surveillance Project India, New Delhi, India. [Deshpande, Jagadish M.] Enterovirus Res Ctr, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. RP Sandhu, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, MS E-05,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hsandhu@cdc.gov OI Deshpande, Jagadish/0000-0001-5194-0375 FU Global Polio Eradication Initiative FX The funding for poliomyelitis surveillance is provided by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 53 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1093/cid/cir332 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 776QA UT WOS:000291550700004 PM 21653297 ER PT J AU Gardner, TJ Fitzgerald, C Xavier, C Klein, R Pruckler, J Stroika, S McLaughlin, JB AF Gardner, Tracie J. Fitzgerald, Collette Xavier, Catherine Klein, Ron Pruckler, Janet Stroika, Steven McLaughlin, Joseph B. TI Outbreak of Campylobacteriosis Associated With Consumption of Raw Peas SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; JEJUNI; INFECTION; COMMUNITY AB Background. Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, and most cases are identified as sporadic events rather than as parts of recognized outbreaks. We report findings from a substantial 2008 campylobacteriosis outbreak with general implications for fresh produce safety. Methods. We conducted a matched case-control study to determine the source of the outbreak and enhanced surveillance to identify additional cases. Clinical and environmental specimens were tested for Campylobacter, and isolates were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results. By routine surveillance, we identified 63 cases of laboratory-confirmed infection. Only raw peas, consumed by 30 (67%) of 45 case-patients and by 15 (17%) of 90 control participants, were associated with illness (adjusted odds ratio: 8.2; P<.001). An additional 69 patients (26 laboratory-confirmed) who reported eating raw peas within 10 days of illness onset were identified through enhanced surveillance. In all, 5 cases were hospitalized, and Guillain-Barre syndrome developed in 1 case; none died. The implicated pea farm was located near a Sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) stopover and breeding site. Of 36 environmental samples collected, 16 were positive for C. jejuni-14 crane-feces samples and 2 pea samples. We identified 25 unique combined SmaI-KpnI PFGE patterns among clinical isolates; 4 of these combined PFGE patterns identified in 15 of 55 human isolates were indistinguishable from PFGE patterns identified in environmental samples. Conclusions. This investigation established a rare laboratory-confirmed link between a campylobacterosis outbreak and an environmental source and identified wild birds as an underrecognized source of produce contamination. C1 [Gardner, Tracie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Tracie J.; McLaughlin, Joseph B.] Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Epidemiol Sect, Alaska State Publ Hlth Labs, Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. [Fitzgerald, Collette; Pruckler, Janet; Stroika, Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klein, Ron] Alaska Dept Environm Conservat, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Gardner, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgj7@cdc.gov FU International Association for Food Protection; Division of Public Health, Anchorage, Alaska FX This work was supported by the International Association for Food Protection (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for T. G.); and the Division of Public Health, Anchorage, Alaska. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 53 IS 1 BP 26 EP 32 DI 10.1093/cid/cir249 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 776QA UT WOS:000291550700006 PM 21653299 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Limbago, BM Patel, JB Kallen, AJ AF Gupta, Neil Limbago, Brandi M. Patel, Jean B. Kallen, Alexander J. TI Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Epidemiology and Prevention SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE CARBAPENEMASE; METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; ACUTE-CARE FACILITIES; UNITED-STATES; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; IMIPENEM RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS; K. PNEUMONIAE; NEW-YORK AB Over the past 10 years, dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) has led to an increase in the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in the United States. Infections caused by CRE have limited treatment options and have been associated with high mortality rates. In the previous year, other carbapenemase subtypes, including New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase, have been identified among Enterobacteriaceae in the United States. Like KPC, these enzymes are frequently found on mobile genetic elements and have the potential to spread widely. As a result, preventing both CRE transmission and CRE infections have become important public health objectives. This review describes the current epidemiology of CRE in the United States and highlights important prevention strategies. C1 [Gupta, Neil; Limbago, Brandi M.; Patel, Jean B.; Kallen, Alexander J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gupta, Neil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ngupta1@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 323 Z9 333 U1 9 U2 53 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 53 IS 1 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1093/cid/cir202 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 776QA UT WOS:000291550700012 PM 21653305 ER PT J AU Mondy, KE Gottdiener, J Brooks, JT AF Mondy, Kristin E. Gottdiener, John Brooks, John T. TI Pulmonary Hypertension in HIV-Infected Individuals Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID PRESSURE C1 [Mondy, Kristin E.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Mondy, Kristin E.] Univ Texas SW, Austin Program, Austin, TX USA. [Mondy, Kristin E.] Cent Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Austin, TX USA. [Gottdiener, John] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mondy, KE (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Brackenridge, 601 E 15th St,Brackenridge Annex Bldg, Austin, TX 78701 USA. EM kristinmd@swbell.net NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 53 IS 1 DI 10.1093/cid/cir285 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 776QA UT WOS:000291550700018 ER PT J AU Day, LW Espey, DK Madden, E Segal, M Terdiman, JP AF Day, Lukejohn W. Espey, David K. Madden, Erin Segal, Mark Terdiman, Jonathan P. TI Screening Prevalence and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer Among American Indian/Alaskan Natives in the Indian Health Service SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Screening; Incidence; Colonoscopy; Health disparity ID ALASKA-NATIVES; UNITED-STATES; FEATURING CANCER; AVERAGE-RISK; KNOWLEDGE; BEHAVIORS; SURVEILLANCE; PREDICTORS; PHYSICIANS; BARRIERS AB Studies on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and incidence among American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) are few. Our aim was to determine CRC screening prevalence and to calculate CRC incidence among AI/AN receiving care within the Indian Health Service (IHS). A retrospective cohort study of AI/AN who utilized IHS from 1996 to 2004. AI/AN who were average-risk for CRC and received primary care within IHS were identified by searching the IHS Resource Patient Management System for selected ICD-9/CPT codes (n = 142,051). CRC screening prevalence was calculated and predictors of screening were determined for this group. CRC incidence rates were ascertained for the entire AI/AN population ages 50-80 who received IHS medical care between 1996 and 2004 (n = 283,717). CRC screening was performed in 4.0% of average-risk AI/AN. CRC screening was more common among women than men (RR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.7) and among AI/AN living in the Alaska region compared to the Pacific Coast region (RR = 2.5, 95% CI 2.2-2.8) while patients living in the Northern Plains (RR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.4) were less likely to have been screened. CRC screening was less common among patients with a greater number of primary care visits. The age-adjusted CRC incidence among AI/AN ages 50-80 was 227 cancers per 100,000 person-years. CRC was common among AI/AN receiving medical care within IHS. However, CRC screening prevalence was far lower than has been reported for the U.S. population. C1 [Day, Lukejohn W.] San Francisco Gen Hosp 3D, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Day, Lukejohn W.; Terdiman, Jonathan P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Espey, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Espey, David K.] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Madden, Erin; Segal, Mark] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Day, LW (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp 3D, Div Gastroenterol, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM lukejohn.day@ucsf.edu NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 56 IS 7 BP 2104 EP 2113 DI 10.1007/s10620-010-1528-3 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 775RU UT WOS:000291481800028 PM 21234688 ER PT J AU Forsberg, LS Choudhury, B Leoff, C Marston, CK Hoffmaster, AR Saile, E Quinn, CP Kannenberg, EL Carlson, RW AF Forsberg, L. Scott Choudhury, Biswa Leoff, Christine Marston, Chung K. Hoffmaster, Alex R. Saile, Elke Quinn, Conrad P. Kannenberg, Elmar L. Carlson, Russell W. TI Secondary cell wall polysaccharides from Bacillus cereus strains G9241, 03BB87 and 03BB102 causing fatal pneumonia share similar glycosyl structures with the polysaccharides from Bacillus anthracis SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus cereus; cell wall; polysaccharide; structure ID O-ANTIGENIC POLYSACCHARIDE; GLYCOGEN BIOSYNTHESIS; N-ACETYLQUINOVOSAMINE; PROTEINS; SURFACE; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SUBTILIS; UNIQUE; DOMAIN AB Secondary cell wall polysaccharides (SCWPs) are important structural components of the Bacillus cell wall and contribute to the array of antigens presented by these organisms in both spore and vegetative forms. We previously found that antisera raised to Bacillus anthracis spore preparations cross-reacted with SCWPs isolated from several strains of pathogenic B. cereus, but did not react with other phylogenetically related but nonpathogenic Bacilli, suggesting that the SCWP from B. anthracis and pathogenic B. cereus strains share specific structural features. In this study, SCWPs from three strains of B. cereus causing severe or fatal pneumonia (G9241, 03BB87 and 03BB102) were isolated and subjected to structural analysis and their structures were compared to SCWPs from B. anthracis. Complete structural analysis was performed for the B. cereus G9241 SCWP using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and derivatization methods. The analyses show that SCWPs from B. cereus G9241 has a glycosyl backbone identical to that of B. anthracis SCWP, consisting of multiple trisaccharide repeats of: -> 6)-alpha-d-GlcpNAc-(1 -> 4)-beta-d-ManpNAc-(1 -> 4)-beta-d-GlcpNAc-(1 ->. Both the B. anthracis and pathogenic B. cereus SCWPs are highly substituted at all GlcNAc residues with alpha- and beta-Gal residues, however, only the SCWPs from B. cereus G9241 and 03BB87 carry an additional alpha-Gal substitution at O-3 of ManNAc residues, a feature lacking in the B. anthracis SCWPs. Both the B. anthracis and B. cereus SCWPs are pyruvylated, with an approximate molecular mass of 12,000 Da. The implications of these findings regarding pathogenicity and cell wall structure are discussed. C1 [Forsberg, L. Scott; Leoff, Christine; Kannenberg, Elmar L.; Carlson, Russell W.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Choudhury, Biswa] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Marston, Chung K.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Saile, Elke; Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Carlson, RW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rcarlson@ccrc.uga.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21 AI076753]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-93ER20097] FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (R21 AI076753 to R.W.C.). The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center was supported in part by Department of Energy (DE-FG02-93ER20097). NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 21 IS 7 BP 934 EP 948 DI 10.1093/glycob/cwr026 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 776IC UT WOS:000291526700008 PM 21421577 ER PT J AU Chandler, JC Molins, CR Petersen, JM Belisle, JT AF Chandler, Jeffrey C. Molins, Claudia R. Petersen, Jeannine M. Belisle, John T. TI Differential Chitinase Activity and Production within Francisella Species, Subspecies, and Subpopulations SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; BACILLUS-CIRCULANS WL-12; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; III DOMAINS; TULARENSIS; BINDING; HOLARCTICA; GENES; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AB Genotyping of Francisella tularensis (A1a, A1b, A2, and type B) and Francisella novicida has identified multiple differences between species and among F. tularensis subspecies and subpopulations. Variations in virulence, geographic distribution, and ecology are also known to exist among this group of bacteria, despite the >95% nucleotide identity in their genomes. This study expands the description of phenotypic differences by evaluating the ability of F. tularensis and F. novicida to degrade chitin analogs and produce active chitinases. Endochitinase activities were observed to vary among F. tularensis and F. novicida strains. The activity observed for F. tularensis strains was predominantly associated with whole-cell lysates, while the chitinase activity of F. novicida localized to the culture supernatant. In addition, the overall level of chitinase activity differed among the subpopulations of F. tularensis and between the species. Bioinformatic analyses identified two new putative chitinase genes (chiC and chiD), as well as the previously described chiA and chiB. However, the presence of these four open reading frames as intact genes or pseudogenes was found to differ between Francisella species and F. tularensis subspecies and subpopulations. Recombinant production of the putative chitinases and enzymatic evaluations revealed ChiA, ChiB, ChiC, and ChiD possessed dissimilar chitinase activities. These biochemical studies coupled with bioinformatic analyses and the evaluation of chiA and chiC knockouts in F. tularensis A1 and A2 strains, respectively, provided a molecular basis to explain the differential chitinase activities observed among the species and subpopulations of Francisella. C1 [Chandler, Jeffrey C.; Belisle, John T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Rocky Mt Reg Ctr Excellence, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Molins, Claudia R.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Belisle, JT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Rocky Mt Reg Ctr Excellence, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM john.belisle@colostate.edu RI Belisle, John/B-8944-2017 OI Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U54 AI065357]; CCID/ASM FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant U54 AI065357). C. R. M. was funded for a portion of this study by CCID/ASM as a postdoctoral fellow. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 193 IS 13 BP 3265 EP 3275 DI 10.1128/JB.00093-11 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 777CS UT WOS:000291592600011 PM 21531796 ER PT J AU Carroll, SA Reynes, JM Khristova, ML Andriamandimby, SF Rollin, PE Nichol, ST AF Carroll, Serena A. Reynes, Jean-Marc Khristova, Marina L. Andriamandimby, Soa Fy Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Genetic Evidence for Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks in Madagascar Resulting from Virus Introductions from the East African Mainland rather than Enzootic Maintenance SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECENT COMMON ANCESTRY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CATTLE; KENYA; HEPATITIS; TANZANIA; COAST AB Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), a mosquito-borne phlebovirus, has been detected in Madagascar since 1979, with occasional outbreaks. In 2008 to 2009, a large RVFV outbreak was detected in Malagasy livestock and humans during two successive rainy seasons. To determine whether cases were due to enzootic maintenance of the virus within Madagascar or to importation from the East African mainland, nine RVFV whole genomic sequences were generated for viruses from the 1991 and 2008 Malagasy outbreaks. Bayesian coalescent analyses of available whole S, M, and L segment sequences were used to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor for the RVFVs. The 1979 Madagascar isolate shared a common ancestor with strains on the mainland around 1972. The 1991 Madagascar isolates were in a clade distinct from that of the 1979 isolate and shared a common ancestor around 1987. Finally, the 2008 Madagascar viruses were embedded within a large clade of RVFVs from the 2006-2007 outbreak in East Africa and shared a common ancestor around 2003 to 2004. These results suggest that the most recent Madagascar outbreak was caused by a virus likely arriving in the country some time between 2003 and 2008 and that this outbreak may be an extension of the 2006-2007 East African outbreak. Clustering of the Malagasy sequences into subclades indicates that the viruses have continued to evolve during their short-term circulation within the country. These data are consistent with the notion that RVFV outbreaks in Madagascar result not from emergence from enzootic cycles within the country but from recurrent virus introductions from the East African mainland. C1 [Carroll, Serena A.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reynes, Jean-Marc; Andriamandimby, Soa Fy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khristova, Marina L.] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Virol Unit, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. RP Rollin, PE (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM prollin@cdc.gov; snichol@cdc.gov RI Reynes, Jean-Marc/M-6108-2014 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 13 BP 6162 EP 6167 DI 10.1128/JVI.00335-11 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 775CG UT WOS:000291434300007 PM 21507967 ER PT J AU Ramachandran, S Campo, DS Dimitrova, ZE Xia, GL Purdy, MA Khudyakov, YE AF Ramachandran, Sumathi Campo, David S. Dimitrova, Zoya E. Xia, Guo-liang Purdy, Michael A. Khudyakov, Yury E. TI Temporal Variations in the Hepatitis C Virus Intrahost Population during Chronic Infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; HYPERVARIABLE REGION; SEQUENCE VARIATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; LIVER-DISEASE; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; NETWORKS; MODEL; TREES AB The intrahost evolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) holds keys to understanding mechanisms responsible for the establishment of chronic infections and to development of a vaccine and therapeutics. In this study, intrahost variants of two variable HCV genomic regions, HVR1 and NS5A, were sequenced from four treatment-naive chronically infected patients who were followed up from the acute stage of infection for 9 to 18 years. Median-joining network analysis indicated that the majority of the HCV intrahost variants were observed only at certain time points, but some variants were detectable at more than one time point. In all patients, these variants were found organized into communities or subpopulations. We hypothesize that HCV intrahost evolution is defined by two processes: incremental changes within communities through random mutation and alternations between coexisting communities. The HCV population was observed to incrementally evolve within a single community during approximately the first 3 years of infection, followed by dispersion into several subpopulations. Two patients demonstrated this pattern of dispersion for the rest of the observation period, while HCV variants in the other two patients converged into another single subpopulation after similar to 9 to 12 years of dispersion. The final subpopulation in these two patients was under purifying selection. Intrahost HCV evolution in all four patients was characterized by a consistent increase in negative selection over time, suggesting the increasing HCV adaptation to the host late in infection. The data suggest specific staging of HCV intrahost evolution. C1 [Ramachandran, Sumathi; Campo, David S.; Dimitrova, Zoya E.; Xia, Guo-liang; Purdy, Michael A.; Khudyakov, Yury E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khudyakov, YE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yek0@cdc.gov RI Campo, David S./C-5072-2011 OI Campo, David S./0000-0002-8970-3436 NR 56 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 13 BP 6369 EP 6380 DI 10.1128/JVI.02204-10 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 775CG UT WOS:000291434300027 PM 21525348 ER PT J AU Garcia-Lerma, JG Aung, W Cong, ME Zheng, Q Youngpairoj, AS Mitchell, J Holder, A Martin, A Kuklenyik, S Luo, W Lin, CYC Hanson, DL Kersh, E Pau, CP Ray, AS Rooney, JF Lee, WA Heneine, W AF Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo Aung, Wutyi Cong, Mian-er Zheng, Qi Youngpairoj, Ae S. Mitchell, James Holder, Angela Martin, Amy Kuklenyik, Susan Luo, Wei Lin, Carol Yen-Chin Hanson, Debra L. Kersh, Ellen Pau, Chou-Pong Ray, Adrian S. Rooney, James F. Lee, William A. Heneine, Walid TI Natural Substrate Concentrations Can Modulate the Prophylactic Efficacy of Nucleotide HIV Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; T-CELL DEPLETION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; INFECTION; NUCLEOSIDE; MACAQUES; PREVENTION; PRODRUG AB Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretroviral drugs is a novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategy. It is generally thought that high systemic and mucosal drug levels are sufficient for protection. We investigated whether GS7340, a next-generation tenofovir (TFV) prodrug that effectively delivers tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) to lymphoid cells and tissues, could protect macaques against repeated weekly rectal simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) exposures. Macaques received prophylactic GS7340 treatment 3 days prior to each virus exposure. At 3 days postdosing, TFV-DP concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were about 50-fold higher than those seen with TFV disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and they remained above 1,000 fmol/10(6) cells for as long as 7 days. TFV-DP accumulated in lymphoid and rectal tissues, with concentrations at 3 days exceeding 500 fmol/10(6) mononuclear cells. Despite high mucosal and systemic TFV levels, GS7340 was not protective. Since TFV-DP blocks reverse transcription by competing with the natural dATP substrate, we measured dATP contents in peripheral lymphocytes, lymphoid tissue, and rectal mononuclear cells. Compared to those in circulating lymphocytes and lymphoid tissue, rectal lymphocytes had 100-fold higher dATP concentrations and dATP/TFV-DP ratios, likely reflecting the activated status of the cells and suggesting that TFV-DP may be less active at the rectal mucosa. Our results identify dATP/TFV-DP ratios as a possible correlate of protection by TFV and suggest that natural substrate concentrations at the mucosa will likely modulate the prophylactic efficacy of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors. C1 [Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo; Aung, Wutyi; Cong, Mian-er; Zheng, Qi; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Mitchell, James; Holder, Angela; Martin, Amy; Luo, Wei; Lin, Carol Yen-Chin; Hanson, Debra L.; Kersh, Ellen; Pau, Chou-Pong; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kuklenyik, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ray, Adrian S.; Rooney, James F.; Lee, William A.] Gilead Sci, Foster City, CA USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GGarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov RI Lin Lawell, C.-Y. Cynthia/M-6342-2014; OI Lin Lawell, C.-Y. Cynthia/0000-0003-1014-2101; Ray, Adrian/0000-0002-3508-3008 NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 13 BP 6610 EP 6617 DI 10.1128/JVI.00311-11 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 775CG UT WOS:000291434300048 PM 21525346 ER PT J AU Duerr, A Gallo, MF Warner, L Jamieson, DJ Kulczycki, A Macaluso, M AF Duerr, Ann Gallo, Maria F. Warner, Lee Jamieson, Denise J. Kulczycki, Andrzej Macaluso, Maurizio TI Assessing Male Condom Failure and Incorrect Use SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; MALE LATEX CONDOM; POLYURETHANE CONDOM; VAGINAL INTERCOURSE; PREEJACULATORY FLUID; CLINICAL-TRIALS; USE ERRORS; BREAKAGE; SLIPPAGE AB Background: It has not been well established whether common indices of male condom failure are valid predictors of biologically meaningful exposure during condom use. Methods: To address this gap, the authors compared self-reported condom malfunctions (i.e., breakage and slippage) and incorrect condom practices to 2 following objective measures of failure: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detected in vaginal swabs collected after condom use and structural integrity of used condoms. The study, conducted in 2000-2001, evaluated 635 male condoms used by 77 women attending an outpatient, reproductive-health clinic in Birmingham, AL. Results: Women reported breakage or slippage for 7.9% of condoms; 3.5% of postcoital swabs had moderate or high levels of PSA; and laboratory testing of used condoms revealed breaks (1.1%) and leaks (2.0%). Self-reported breakage and slippage was associated with moderate/high PSA concentrations in postcoital swabs only when the malfunctions were not accompanied by reports of corrective actions to reduce exposure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-26.2). Defects observed in postcoital laboratory testing were related to PSA detection (aOR, 8.0; 95% CI, 1.5-42.6). Incorrect practices defined on the condom label were frequent, but not all types were associated with semen exposure. Furthermore, other practices not currently label-defined were associated with semen exposure: touching the tip of the penis with his hands (aOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.3-17.0) or with her hands (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.1-72) before donning the condom. Conclusions: Used correctly, male condoms afforded good protection based on objective measures of failure. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Warner, Lee; Jamieson, Denise J.; Macaluso, Maurizio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Duerr, Ann] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res & Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Kulczycki, Andrzej] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Schools of Public Health [S0747-18/19] FX Supported by a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Public Health (S0747-18/19). NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 38 IS 7 BP 580 EP 586 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182096b62 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 777BD UT WOS:000291586900002 PM 21278626 ER PT J AU Kirkcaldy, RD Su, JR Taylor, MM Koumans, E Mickey, T Winscott, M Kenney, K Weinstock, HS AF Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Su, John R. Taylor, Melanie M. Koumans, Emilia Mickey, Tom Winscott, Michelle Kenney, Kerry Weinstock, Hillard S. TI Epidemiology of Syphilis Among Hispanic Women and Associations With Congenital Syphilis, Maricopa County, Arizona SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Objective: We investigated factors associated with high rates of congenital syphilis among Hispanic infants in Maricopa County, AZ. Methods: Using 2004-2008 syphilis case report data from the state and county health departments, we examined characteristics of pregnant and nonpregnant women with syphilis and their male partners. Results: During 2004-2008, 970 women were reported to have syphilis: 49% were Hispanic (of whom 49% were non-US citizens), 27% were white, 13% were black, and 8% were American Indian/Alaskan Native. Although 16% of Hispanic noncitizens reported drug use or high-risk sexual behaviors, 64% of these women had a male sex partner who reported drug use or anonymous sex. Hispanic women with syphilis were more likely to be pregnant (37%) than white (15%) or black women (13%) (P < 0.05), and were overrepresented among pregnant women with syphilis. Pregnant Hispanic noncitizens were treated later than pregnant Hispanic citizens (median 28 weeks gestation vs. 21 weeks, P = 0.01). Conclusions: Innovative congenital syphilis prevention strategies that are relevant to Hispanic women are warranted. Strategies should address the reproductive health and prenatal care needs of Hispanic women, and may include interventions for their male partners. C1 [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Taylor, Melanie M.; Winscott, Michelle; Kenney, Kerry] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Mickey, Tom] Maricopa Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Kirkcaldy, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rkirkcaldy@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 38 IS 7 BP 598 EP 602 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318210027d PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 777BD UT WOS:000291586900004 PM 21317685 ER PT J AU Bohl, DD Katz, KA Bernstein, K Wong, E Raymond, HF Klausner, JD McFarland, W AF Bohl, Daniel D. Katz, Kenneth A. Bernstein, Kyle Wong, Ernie Raymond, Henry Fisher Klausner, Jeffrey D. McFarland, Willi TI Prevalence and Correlates of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, San Francisco, 2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; UNITED-STATES; HSV SUPPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND; HIV RISK; TRANSMISSION; ACQUISITION; PREVENTION; ACYCLOVIR AB Background: Most herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections are asymptomatic or unrecognized, so periodic serological surveys are necessary in order to measure the true prevalence of infection, track trends over time, and identify correlates of infection, including coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods: We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional, serological survey among 500 men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco during 2008. Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection was 26.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18.3-33.9), of HIV infection was 18.6% (95% CI, 13.0-24.4), and of HSV-2/HIV coinfection was 12.0% (95% CI, 7.3-16.8; categories not mutually exclusive). HSV-2 prevalence was 3.7 (95% CI, 2.3-5.9) times as high among HIV-infected MSM as among HIV-uninfected MSM. Strong predictors of HSV-2 infection among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected MSM were older age and black race. Conclusions: The prevalence of HSV-2 infection among MSM in San Francisco is similar to that among MSM nationwide and is higher than that among all men nationwide. Prevalence rates are highly disparate among subpopulations of MSM in San Francisco, with the strongest predictors of infection being HIV-positive serostatus, older age, and black race. Primary prevention of HSV-2, particularly among populations at the highest risk for infection with HSV-2 or HIV, should remain a major public health goal to reduce the substantial morbidity caused by both of these infections. C1 [Bernstein, Kyle; Wong, Ernie; Raymond, Henry Fisher; Klausner, Jeffrey D.; McFarland, Willi] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. [Bohl, Daniel D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Infect Dis & Vaccinol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Katz, Kenneth A.] Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, Publ Hlth Serv, HIV STD & Hepatitis Branch, San Diego, CA USA. [Katz, Kenneth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McFarland, W (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, 25 Van Ness Ave,Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM Willi_McFarland@hotmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62 PS000961-01] FX Supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U62 PS000961-01. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 38 IS 7 BP 617 EP 621 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820a8c10 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 777BD UT WOS:000291586900007 PM 21278625 ER PT J AU Sosman, J MacGowan, R Margolis, A Gaydos, CA Eldridge, G Moss, S Flanigan, T Iqbal, K Belcher, L AF Sosman, James MacGowan, Robin Margolis, Andrew Gaydos, Charlotte A. Eldridge, Gloria Moss, Susan Flanigan, Timothy Iqbal, Kashif Belcher, Lisa CA Project START Biol Study Grp TI Sexually Transmitted Infections and Hepatitis in Men With a History of Incarceration SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS; YOUNG MEN; HIGH-PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; DISEASES; HIV; INMATES; PRISONS; SEX AB Background: Men entering correctional facilities have high rates of human immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted infections (STI), and hepatitis. Many prisons offer screening, treatment, and vaccination services; however, little is known about the rates of these infections in men after release to the community. Methods: Young men were recruited from prisons in Mississippi, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin as part of a human immunodeficiency virus/STI/hepatitis intervention study. Participants were offered screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), Chlamydia trachomatis, trichomoniasis, syphilis, hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) 6 months after release. Logistic regression was performed to identify associations with prevalent infections. Results: Of 248 eligible men, 178 (71.8%) participated. Their mean age was 22.5 years, and 92% reported multiple lifetime incarcerations. At 6-month postrelease, 79% reported unprotected vaginal or anal sex, and 26% tested positive for 1 or more infections (GC, 1%; C. trachomatis, 12%; trichomoniasis, 8%; syphilis, 0%; HCV, 6%; HBV, 1%). Of all, 55% were susceptible to HBV infection. Active STI (GC, C. trachomatis, or trichomoniasis) was associated with less education (odds ratios [ OR], 2.25; P < 0.05). HCV infection was associated with injection drug use (OR, 69.70; P < 0.05) and being white (OR, 7.54; P < 0.05). HBV susceptibility was associated with older age (OR, 3.02; P < 0.05), more education (OR, 2.39; P < 0.05), or incarceration in Mississippi (OR, 6.69; P < 0.05) or Rhode Island (OR, 2.84; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Effective screening and prevention programs are needed for this population before and after release from custody to prevent acquisition and further transmission of these infections. C1 [Sosman, James] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [MacGowan, Robin; Margolis, Andrew; Moss, Susan; Iqbal, Kashif; Belcher, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaydos, Charlotte A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Eldridge, Gloria] Univ Alaska, Dept Psychol, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Flanigan, Timothy] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Miriam Hosp, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Sosman, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Med, 2828 Marshall Court,Ste 100, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jms@medicine.wisc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [414879, 514804, 114812, 97050] FX Supported by Cooperative Agreement Numbers 414879; 514804; 114812; from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), under Program Announcement 97050: HIV and STD Intervention Research for Young Men Leaving Prison. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 38 IS 7 BP 634 EP 639 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820bc86c PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 777BD UT WOS:000291586900010 PM 21844713 ER PT J AU Lyles, RH Tang, L Superak, HM King, CC Celentano, DD Lo, YT Sobel, JD AF Lyles, Robert H. Tang, Li Superak, Hillary M. King, Caroline C. Celentano, David D. Lo, Yungtai Sobel, Jack D. TI Validation Data-based Adjustments for Outcome Misclassification in Logistic Regression An Illustration SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COVARIATE MEASUREMENT ERROR; ALLOYED GOLD STANDARD; RELATIVE RISK; ODDS RATIOS; EXPOSURE MISCLASSIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY RESEARCH; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; STUDY DESIGNS AB Misclassification of binary outcome variables is a known source of potentially serious bias when estimating adjusted odds ratios. Although researchers have described frequentist and Bayesian methods for dealing with the problem, these methods have seldom fully bridged the gap between statistical research and epidemiologic practice. In particular, there have been few real-world applications of readily grasped and computationally accessible methods that make direct use of internal validation data to adjust for differential outcome misclassification in logistic regression. In this paper, we illustrate likelihood-based methods for this purpose that can be implemented using standard statistical software. Using main study and internal validation data from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study, we demonstrate how misclassification rates can depend on the values of subject-specific covariates, and we illustrate the importance of accounting for this dependence. Simulation studies confirm the effectiveness of the maximum likelihood approach. We emphasize clear exposition of the likelihood function itself, to permit the reader to easily assimilate appended computer code that facilitates sensitivity analyses as well as the efficient handling of main/external and main/internal validation-study data. These methods are readily applicable under random cross-sectional sampling, and we discuss the extent to which the main/internal analysis remains appropriate under outcome-dependent (case-control) sampling. C1 [Lyles, Robert H.; Tang, Li; Superak, Hillary M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [King, Caroline C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Celentano, David D.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lo, Yungtai] Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Lo, Yungtai] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Sobel, Jack D.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Lyles, RH (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rlyles@sph.emory.edu FU National Institute of Nursing [1RC4NR012527-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [2R01-ES012458-5]; PHS from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, U64/CCU506831] FX Supported by National Institute of Nursing Research Grant 1RC4NR012527-01, by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Grant 2R01-ES012458-5, and by PHS Grant UL1 RR025008 from the Clinical and Translational Science Award Program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources. The HER Study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, and U64/CCU506831. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 22 IS 4 BP 589 EP 598 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182117c85 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 772RJ UT WOS:000291252100026 PM 21487295 ER PT J AU Heyer, N Morata, TC Pinkerton, LE Brueck, SE Stancescu, D Panaccio, MP Kim, H Sinclair, JS Waters, MA Estill, CF Franks, JR AF Heyer, Nicholas Morata, Thais C. Pinkerton, Lynne E. Brueck, Scott E. Stancescu, Daniel Panaccio, Mary Prince Kim, Hyoshin Sinclair, J. Stephen Waters, Martha A. Estill, Cherie F. Franks, John R. TI Use of historical data and a novel metric in the evaluation of the effectiveness of hearing conservation program components SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NOISE EXPOSURE; WORKERS; APPLICABILITY; PREVENTION; PROTECTION; TIME AB Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of hearing conservation programs (HCP) and their specific components in reducing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at one food-processing plant and two automotive plants. Audiometric and work-history databases were combined with historical noise monitoring data to develop a time-dependent exposure matrix for each plant. Historical changes in production and HCP implementation were collected from company records, employee interviews and focus groups. These data were used to develop time-dependent quality assessments for various HCP components. 5478 male (30 427 observations) and 1005 female (5816 observations) subjects were included in the analysis. Results Analyses were conducted separately for males and females. Females tended to have less NIHL at given exposure levels than males. Duration of noise exposure stratified by intensity (dBA) was a better predictor of NIHL than the standard equivalent continuous noise level (L-eq) based upon a 3-dBA exchange. Within this cohort, efficient dBA strata for males were < 95 versus >= 95, and for females < 90 versus >= 90. The reported enforced use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) significantly reduced NIHL. The data did not have sufficient within-plant variation to determine the effectiveness of noise monitoring or worker training. An association between increased audiometric testing and NIHL was believed to be an artifact of increased participation in screening. Conclusions Historical audiometric data combined with noise monitoring data can be used to better understand the effectiveness of HCPs. Regular collection and maintenance of quality data should be encouraged and used to monitor the effectiveness of these interventions. C1 [Heyer, Nicholas; Kim, Hyoshin] Battelle CPHRE, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Morata, Thais C.; Franks, John R.] NIOSH, DART, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Pinkerton, Lynne E.; Brueck, Scott E.; Stancescu, Daniel; Panaccio, Mary Prince; Waters, Martha A.; Estill, Cherie F.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Sinclair, J. Stephen] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Commun Disorders & Sci, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. RP Heyer, N (reprint author), Battelle CPHRE, 1100 Dexter Ave N,Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM heyern@battelle.org FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This study was fully paid for by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 13 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 68 IS 7 BP 510 EP 517 DI 10.1136/oem.2009.053801 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 773KY UT WOS:000291307400008 PM 21059594 ER PT J AU Blair, A Thomas, K Coble, J Sandler, DP Hines, CJ Lynch, CF Knott, C Purdue, MP Zahm, SH Alavanja, MCR Dosemeci, M Kamel, F Hoppin, JA Freeman, LB Lubin, JH AF Blair, Aaron Thomas, Kent Coble, Joseph Sandler, Dale P. Hines, Cynthia J. Lynch, Charles F. Knott, Charles Purdue, Mark P. Zahm, Shelia Hoar Alavanja, Michael C. R. Dosemeci, Mustafa Kamel, Freya Hoppin, Jane A. Freeman, Laura Beane Lubin, Jay H. TI Impact of pesticide exposure misclassification on estimates of relative risks in the Agricultural Health Study SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FARM APPLICATORS; CANCER INCIDENCE; RELIABILITY; DISEASE; CHLORPYRIFOS; INFORMATION; COHORT; WOMEN AB Background The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective study of licensed pesticide applicators and their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina. We evaluate the impact of occupational pesticide exposure misclassification on relative risks using data from the cohort and the AHS Pesticide Exposure Study (AHS/PES). Methods We assessed the impact of exposure misclassification on relative risks using the range of correlation coefficients observed between measured post-application urinary levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and a chlorpyrifos metabolite and exposure estimates based on an algorithm from 83 AHS pesticide applications. Results Correlations between urinary levels of 2,4-D and a chlorpyrifos metabolite and algorithm estimated intensity scores were about 0.4 for 2,4-D (n=64), 0.8 for liquid chlorpyrifos (n=4) and 0.6 for granular chlorpyrifos (n=12). Correlations of urinary levels with kilograms of active ingredient used, duration of application, or number of acres treated were lower and ranged from -0.36 to 0.19. These findings indicate that a priori expert-derived algorithm scores were more closely related to measured urinary levels than individual exposure determinants evaluated here. Estimates of potential bias in relative risks based on the correlations from the AHS/PES indicate that non-differential misclassification of exposure using the algorithm would bias estimates towards the null, but less than that from individual exposure determinants. Conclusions Although correlations between algorithm scores and urinary levels were quite good (ie, correlations between 0.4 and 0.8), exposure misclassification would still bias relative risk estimates in the AHS towards the null and diminish study power. C1 [Blair, Aaron; Purdue, Mark P.; Zahm, Shelia Hoar; Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Dosemeci, Mustafa; Freeman, Laura Beane; Lubin, Jay H.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Thomas, Kent] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sandler, Dale P.; Kamel, Freya; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Knott, Charles] Battelle Inc, Ctr Publ Hlth Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Knott, Charles] Battelle Inc, Ctr Evaluat, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Blair, A (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Execut Plaza S,Room 8008, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM blaira@mail.nih.gov RI Zahm, Shelia/B-5025-2015; Purdue, Mark/C-9228-2016; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Purdue, Mark/0000-0003-1177-3108; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute) [Z01CP010119]; NIH (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) [Z01-ES049030-1]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [68-D99-011, 68-D99-012, DW-75-93912801-0] FX This research was partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH (Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (Z01CP010119) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030-1)). This work has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contracts 68-D99-011 and 68-D99-012, and through Interagency Agreement DW-75-93912801-0. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 15 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 68 IS 7 BP 537 EP 541 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.059469 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 773KY UT WOS:000291307400012 PM 21257983 ER PT J AU Blake, J Choden, T Hemans-Henry, C Koppaka, R Greene, C AF Blake, Janice Choden, Tsering Hemans-Henry, Calaine Koppaka, Ram Greene, Carolyn TI NYC Epi Scholars Program: Promoting Applied Health Disparities Research in an Urban Public Health Department-A Program Model SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE applied epidemiology; epidemiology internship; Epi Scholars; experiential learning; health disparities research; health status disparities; nonmedical internship; public health internship; public health students; teaching health department AB Objective: Although health disparities research has already contributed to decreased mortality and morbidity in underserved communities, more work is needed. The NYC Epi Scholars program of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYC DOHMH) aims to address gaps in critical public health needs and to train future public health leaders in epidemiology. The program is designed to increase racial/ethnic and socioeconomic diversity in the public health workforce, to provide fieldwork and practica opportunities, and to cultivate future leaders in epidemiology and public health. Methods: Since its inception in 2007, the NYC Epi Scholars program of the NYC DOHMH has sought talented epidemiology students interested in gaining practical experience in applied health disparities research. NYC Epi Scholars is open to graduate epidemiology students who have demonstrated achievement and leadership potential and gives them an opportunity to provide high-quality research assistance to projects that identify and address health disparities of public health significance. Results: Many of the program's 32 alumni have made notable contributions to public health: publishing articles in peer-reviewed journals; making presentations at national and international conferences; and after graduating, pursuing careers at the DOHMH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Institutes of Health. Conclusions: Because of its noted success, the NYC Epi Scholars program may serve as a "best-practice" model for expansion in other urban health departments. C1 [Blake, Janice; Choden, Tsering; Hemans-Henry, Calaine] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Publ Hlth Training, New York, NY USA. [Koppaka, Ram; Greene, Carolyn] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blake, J (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Publ Hlth Training, Res Training Program, 42-09 28th St,7th Floor,CN 65, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM Jblake2@health.nyc.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 313 EP 315 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182140c00 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 769NK UT WOS:000291022300008 PM 21617405 ER PT J AU Sullivent, EE Faul, M Wald, MM AF Sullivent, Ernest E. Faul, Mark Wald, Marlena M. TI Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults Transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE helicopter; mortality; National Trauma Data Bank; severity; transport ID TRAUMA SYSTEM; SEVERITY SCORE; SCENE; CARE; IMPACT; OUTCOMES; AIR; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; PATIENT AB Background. Some studies have shown improved outcomes with helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) transport, while others have not. Safety concerns and cost have prompted reevaluation of the widespread use of HEMS. Objective. To determine whether the mode of transport of trauma patients affects mortality. Methods. Data for 56,744 injured adults aged >= a parts per thousand yen18 years transported to 62 U.S. trauma centers by helicopter or ground ambulance were obtained from the National Sample Program of the 2007 National Trauma Data Bank. In-hospital mortality was calculated for different demographic and injury severity groups. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were produced by utilizing a logistic regression model measuring the association of mortality and type of transport, controlling for age, gender, and injury severity (Injury Severity Score [[ISS]] and Revised Trauma Score [[RTS]]). Results. The odds of death were 39%% lower in those transported by HEMS compared with those transported by ground ambulance (AOR == 0.61, 95%% confidence interval [[CI]] == 0.54--0.69). Among those aged >= a parts per thousand yen55 years, the odds of death were not significantly different (AOR == 0.92, 95%% CI == 0.74--1.13). Among all transports, male patients had a higher odds of death (AOR == 1.23, 95%% CI == 1.10--1.38) than female patients. The odds of death increased with each year of age (AOR == 1.040, 95%% CI == 1.037--1.043) and each unit of ISS (AOR == 1.080, 95%% CI == 1.075--1.084), and decreased with each unit of RTS (AOR == 0.46, 95%% CI == 0.45--0.48). Conclusion. The use of HEMS for the transport of adult trauma patients was associated with reduced mortality for patients aged 18--54 years. In this study, HEMS did not improve mortality in adults aged >= a parts per thousand yen55 years. Identification of additional variables in the selection of those patients who will benefit from HEMS transport is expected to enhance this reduction in mortality. C1 [Sullivent, Ernest E.; Faul, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Faul, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mfaul@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1090-3127 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 295 EP 302 DI 10.3109/10903127.2011.569849 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 768VX UT WOS:000290967800001 PM 21524205 ER PT J AU Tak, S Buchholz, B Punnett, L Moir, S Paquet, V Fulmer, S Marucci-Wellman, H Wegman, D AF Tak, SangWoo Buchholz, Bryan Punnett, Laura Moir, Susan Paquet, Victor Fulmer, Scott Marucci-Wellman, Helen Wegman, David TI Physical ergonomic hazards in highway tunnel construction: Overview from the Construction Occupational Health Program SO APPLIED ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE PATH; Trade; Operation; Postural load; Highway tunnel construction ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; COMPUTERIZED OWAS METHOD; RISK-FACTORS; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; WORKING POSTURES; KNEE; WORKERS; EXPOSURE; IRONWORKERS; PREVALENCE AB This report provides an overview of physical ergonomic exposures in highway construction work across trades and major operations. For each operation, the observational method "PATH" (Posture, Activity, Tools and Handling) was used to estimate the percentage of time that workers spent in specific tasks and with exposure to awkward postures and load handling. The observations were carried out on 73 different days, typically for about 4 Is per day, covering 120 construction workers in 5 different trades: laborers, carpenters, ironworkers, plasterers, and tilers. Non-neutral trunk postures (forward or sideways flexion or twisting) were frequently observed, representing over 40% of observations for all trades except laborers (28%). Kneeling and squatting were common in all operations, especially tiling and underground utility relocation work. Handling loads was frequent, especially for plasterers and tilers, with a range of load weights but most often under 15 pounds. The results of this study provide quantitative evidence that workers in highway tunnel construction operations are exposed to ergonomic factors known to present significant health hazards. Numerous opportunities exist for the development and implementation of ergonomic interventions to protect the health and safety of construction workers. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved. C1 [Tak, SangWoo; Buchholz, Bryan; Punnett, Laura; Moir, Susan; Paquet, Victor; Fulmer, Scott; Marucci-Wellman, Helen; Wegman, David] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Work Environm, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Moir, Susan] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Paquet, Victor] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Marucci-Wellman, Helen] Liberty Mutual Res Inst, Hopkinton, MA 01748 USA. RP Tak, S (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM STak@cdc.gov RI Agaliotis, Maria/G-5334-2012 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [U02/CCU308771, U02/CCU312014, U02/CCU317202] FX The Center to Protect Workers' Rights (CPWR) supported this research with grants provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (grants #U02/CCU308771, U02/CCU312014, and U02/CCU317202). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIOSH or CPWR. The authors are grateful for the cooperation of many construction workers who answered our questions and permitted us to observe their daily work. The data tables with detailed information will be shared upon request from any interested readers. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-6870 J9 APPL ERGON JI Appl. Ergon. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 42 IS 5 BP 665 EP 671 DI 10.1016/j.apergo.2010.10.001 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied SC Engineering; Psychology GA 758VJ UT WOS:000290194900005 PM 21112043 ER PT J AU Wu, FT Banyai, K Huang, JC Wu, HS Chang, FY Yang, JY Hsiung, CA Huang, YC Lin, JS Hwang, KP Jiang, BM Gentsch, JR AF Wu, Fang-Tzy Banyai, Krisztian Huang, Jason C. Wu, Ho-Sheng Chang, Feng-Yee Yang, Jyh-Yuan Hsiung, Chao Agnes Huang, Yhu-Chering Lin, Jen-Shiou Hwang, Kao-Pin Jiang, Baoming Gentsch, Jon R. TI Diverse Origin of P[19] Rotaviruses in Children With Acute Diarrhea in Taiwan: Detection of Novel Lineages of the G3, G5, and G9 VP7 Genes SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE phylogenetic analysis; VP7; VP4; VP6; NSP4 ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; PORCINE ROTAVIRUS; STRAINS; SEROTYPE; NSP4; CLASSIFICATION AB We previously reported the detection of genotype P[19] rotavirus strains from children hospitalized with acute dehydrating diarrhea during a 5-year surveillance period in Taiwan. The characterization of five P[19] strains (0.4% of all typed), including three G3P[19], a novel G5P[19], and a unique G9P[19] genotype is described in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP4, VP7, VP6, and NSP4 genes was performed, which demonstrated novel lineages for respective genotypes of the VP4 and the VP7 genes. The sequence similarities of the P[19] VP4 gene among Taiwanese human strains was higher (nt, 91.5-96.2%; aa, 93.7-97.6%) than to other P[19] strains (nt, 83.5-86.6%; aa, 89.4-94.1%) from different regions of the world. The VP7 gene of the three G3P[19] Taiwanese strains shared up to 93.4% nt and 97.5% aa identity to each other but had lower similarity to reference strain sequences available in GenBank (nt, <90.1%; aa, <95.6%). Similarly, the VP7 gene of the novel G5P[19] strain was only moderately related to the VP7 gene of reference G5 strains (nt, 82.2-87.3%; aa, 87.0-93.1%), while the VP7 gene of the single G9P[19] strain was genetically distinct from other known human and animal G9 rotavirus strains (nt, <= 92.0%; aa, <= 95.7%). Together, these findings suggest that the Taiwanese P[19] strains originated by independent interspecies transmission events. Synchronized surveillance of human and animal rotaviruses in Taiwan should identify possible hosts of these uncommon human rotavirus strains. J. Med. Virol. 83:1279-1287, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Wu, Ho-Sheng] Ctr Dis Control, Dept Hlth, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. [Wu, Fang-Tzy; Huang, Jason C.] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Lab Sci Med, Dept Biotechnol, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Wu, Ho-Sheng] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hsiung, Chao Agnes] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Huang, Yhu-Chering] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Lin, Jen-Shiou] Changhua Christian Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Changhua, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Kaohsiung Med Ctr,Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] China Med Univ & Hosp, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Taichung, Taiwan. [Jiang, Baoming; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wu, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Dept Hlth, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. EM wuhs@cdc.gov.tw RI Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan [DOH97-DC-11102]; National Research Program for Genome Medicine [94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01]; Hungarian Research Fund [PD76364, OTKA] FX Grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan; Grant number: DOH97-DC-11102; Grant sponsor: National Research Program for Genome Medicine; Grant numbers: 94-0324-19-F-01-00-00; 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35; 96-0324-01-F-01 (partial support); Grant sponsor: Hungarian Research Fund (to K. B.); Grant number: OTKA, PD76364. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 83 IS 7 BP 1279 EP 1287 DI 10.1002/jmv.22052 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 763VV UT WOS:000290588700023 PM 21567431 ER PT J AU Grant, L Esona, M Gentsch, J Watt, J Reid, R Weatherholtz, R Santosham, M Parashar, U O'Brien, K AF Grant, Lindsay Esona, Mathew Gentsch, Jon Watt, James Reid, Raymond Weatherholtz, Robert Santosham, Mathuram Parashar, Umesh O'Brien, Katherine TI Detection of G3P[3] and G3P[9] Rotavirus Strains in American Indian Children With Evidence of Gene Reassortment Between Human and Animal Rotaviruses SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE G3P[3] genotype; G3P[9] genotype; cat rotavirus; dog rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; American Indian ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; RNA-RNA HYBRIDIZATION; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CANINE ROTAVIRUS; RISK-FACTORS; INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSIONS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB The distribution and evolution of human rotavirus strains is important for vaccine development and effectiveness. In settings where rotavirus vaccine coverage is high, vaccine pressure could select for replacement of common strains (similar to those included in rotavirus vaccines) with uncommon strains, some of which could be generated by reassortment between human and animal rotaviruses. Between 2002 and 2004, a phase-III rotavirus vaccine clinical trial was conducted among American Indian children of the Navajo and White Mountain Apache tribes, which are known to be at high risk for rotavirus diarrhea. We evaluated the rotavirus strains collected from study participants who received placebo during the trial to determine the distribution of rotavirus genotypes and to detect emerging strains that contribute to disease and could influence rotavirus vaccine effectiveness. Three uncommon strains of human rotavirus, two G3P[3] and one G3P[9] strains were detected in stools of children aged 3 to 6 months of age. Segments of all 11 rotavirus genes were sequenced and genotyped by comparison of cognate gene fragments with reference strains. The G3P[3] strains had similar genotypes to each other and to reference dog and cat strains. The G3P[9] strain had similar genotypes to cow, cat and dog reference strains. Genetic analyses of these three strains support the known diversity generating mechanisms of rotavirus. J. Med. Virol. 83:12881299, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Grant, Lindsay; Watt, James; Reid, Raymond; Weatherholtz, Robert; Santosham, Mathuram; O'Brien, Katherine] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Esona, Mathew; Gentsch, Jon; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grant, L (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, 621 N Washington St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lgrant@jhsph.edu NR 76 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 83 IS 7 BP 1288 EP 1299 DI 10.1002/jmv.22076 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 763VV UT WOS:000290588700024 PM 21567432 ER PT J AU Zhong, WM He, J Tang, XL Liu, F Lu, XH Zeng, H Vafai, A Fu, TM Katz, JM Hancock, K AF Zhong, Weimin He, Ju Tang, Xiaoling Liu, Feng Lu, Xiuhua Zeng, Hui Vafai, Abbas Fu, Tong-Ming Katz, Jacqueline M. Hancock, Kathy TI Development and evaluation of an M2-293FT cell-based flow cytometric assay for quantification of antibody response to native form of matrix protein 2 of influenza A viruses SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Influenza A virus; Matrix protein 2; Gene transfection; Antibody response; Flow cytometry; Immune protection ID INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; M2 PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CONJUGATE VACCINES; CHANNEL; MICE; PROTECTION; ECTODOMAIN; REPLICATION; VACCINATION AB Matrix protein 2 (M2) of influenza A viruses is an attractive target for the development of broadly cross-protective influenza vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. The available evidence suggests that antibodies reactive to the natural tetrameric form of M2 proteins, rather than those to synthetic peptides of M2 ectodomain (M2e), best correlate with M2-mediated immune protection. However, the current ability to quantify strain-specific and/or subtype-cross-reactive M2 antibodies against the natural form of M2 antigens from influenza A viruses of different host origin is limited. In the present study, we generated a panel of 293FT transfected cell lines stably expressing full-length tetrameric forms of M2 molecules from human, avian and the swine-origin 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus, respectively, and developed an M2-293FT cell line-based flow cytometric assay (M2-FCA). Side-by-side comparison of M2-FCA with a synthetic M2e peptide-based indirect ELISA (M2e-ELISA) reveals that M2-FCA is highly efficient in quantifying both M2e sequence-specific and cross-reactive antibodies to the native form of M2 antigens. In contrast, promiscuity was evident when specificity and cross-reactivity of anti-M2 antibodies were assessed by M2e-ELISA. These results demonstrate that M2-FCA represents a rapid, simple and sensitive method to quantitatively assess specificity and cross-reactivity of anti-M2 antibodies after infection or vaccination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhong, Weimin; Liu, Feng; Lu, Xiuhua; Zeng, Hui; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Hancock, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [He, Ju; Tang, Xiaoling; Vafai, Abbas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fu, Tong-Ming] Merck Res Labs, Dept Vaccine Basic Res, West Point, PA 19486 USA. RP Zhong, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wzhong@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funder has no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 369 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2011.04.010 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 793CW UT WOS:000292799000013 PM 21570401 ER PT J AU Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, E Haghighi, A Taghipour, N Keshavarz, A Mohebi, SR Zali, MR Xiao, LH AF Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, Ehsan Haghighi, Ali Taghipour, Niloofar Keshavarz, Akbar Mohebi, Seyed Reza Zali, Mohammad Reza Xiao, Lihua TI Subtype analysis of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis isolates from humans and cattle in Iran SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Bovine; Human; gp60; Subtype ID NORTHERN-IRELAND; DAIRY CALVES; CHILDREN; SPP.; DIVERSITY; GENOTYPES; ANIMALS AB Cryptosporidium is an intestinal parasite associated with severe acute diarrhea in humans and animals. To investigate subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from humans and cattle in Iran, 47 Cryptosporidium parvum (22 from children and 25 from cattle) and three Cryptosporidium hominis from children were characterized by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Nine subtypes (two of C. hominis and seven of C. parvum) in four subtype families were identified. Cattle were mainly infected with C. parvum IIa subtypes and humans mostly with the C parvum Ha and lid subtypes. Consequently, cattle could be a source of human infection with C parvum IIa in Iran. However, the occurrence of subtype lid families in Iranian children, suggests that other infection sources might also be involved in C parvum transmission. To our knowledge, this is the first published record and description of Cryptosporidium subtypes in Iran. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Haghighi, Ali; Taghipour, Niloofar; Keshavarz, Akbar] Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Med Parasitol & Mycol, Tehran, Iran. [Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, Ehsan; Mohebi, Seyed Reza; Zali, Mohammad Reza] Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Gastroenterol & Liver Dis, Tehran, Iran. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haghighi, A (reprint author), Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Med Parasitol & Mycol, Tehran, Iran. EM a_haghighi@sbmu.ac.ir RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran [459] FX This work was supported by the Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran (grant number 459). Thanks are due to The Lucidus Consultancy, for providing useful suggestions and help with the English. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 179 IS 1-3 BP 250 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.051 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 787BZ UT WOS:000292352900040 PM 21376469 ER PT J AU Bern, C AF Bern, Caryn TI Antitrypanosomal Therapy for Chronic Chagas' Disease SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HEART-DISEASE; ETIOLOGIC TREATMENT; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; UNITED-STATES; BENZNIDAZOLE; TRIAL; CHEMOTHERAPY; NIFURTIMOX AB A 42-year-old woman presents to her physician with a letter stating that after she made a recent blood donation, a serologic test of her donated blood was positive for Chagas' disease. The patient was born in El Salvador and moved to the United States when she was 18 years of age. Her three children are 8, 13, and 16 years of age. Her medical history is remarkable only for a cholecystectomy 2 years earlier; she reports no cardiac or gastrointestinal symptoms. Her physical examination is unremarkable. Electrocardiography (ECG) shows sinus rhythm at a rate of 72 beats per minute and a complete right bundle-branch block. An echocardiogram shows mild left ventricular segmental wall-motion abnormalities, but a normal ejection fraction and left ventricular diameter. The patient is referred to an infectious-disease consultant, who recommends antitrypanosomal therapy. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxb9@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 3 U2 13 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 26 BP 2527 EP 2534 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 785AM UT WOS:000292199800008 PM 21714649 ER PT J AU Reefhuis, J Rasmussen, SA Honein, MA AF Reefhuis, Jennita Rasmussen, Sonja A. Honein, Margaret A. TI Prenatal versus Postnatal Repair of Myelomeningocele SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID BIRTH-DEFECTS C1 [Reefhuis, Jennita; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reefhuis, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM nzr5@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 26 BP 2555 EP 2555 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 785AM UT WOS:000292199800022 PM 21714660 ER PT J AU Frank, KM Schneewind, O Shieh, WJ AF Frank, Karen M. Schneewind, Olaf Shieh, Wun-Ju TI Investigation of a Researcher's Death Due to Septicemic Plague SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PESTIS C1 [Frank, Karen M.; Schneewind, Olaf] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Shieh, Wun-Ju] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frank, KM (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM kfrank@uchicago.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [1-U54-AI057153] NR 4 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 26 BP 2563 EP 2564 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 785AM UT WOS:000292199800035 PM 21714673 ER PT J AU Kim, C Ahmed, JA Eidex, RB Nyoka, R Waiboci, LW Erdman, D Tepo, A Mahamud, AS Kabura, W Nguhi, M Muthoka, P Burton, W Breiman, RF Njenga, MK Katz, MA AF Kim, Curi Ahmed, Jamal A. Eidex, Rachel B. Nyoka, Raymond Waiboci, Lilian W. Erdman, Dean Tepo, Adan Mahamud, Abdirahman S. Kabura, Wamburu Nguhi, Margaret Muthoka, Philip Burton, Wagacha Breiman, Robert F. Njenga, M. Kariuki Katz, Mark A. TI Comparison of Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swabs for the Diagnosis of Eight Respiratory Viruses by Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR Assays SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; SPECIMENS; H5N1 AB Background: Many acute respiratory illness surveillance systems collect and test nasopharyngeal (NP) and/or oropharyngeal (OP) swab specimens, yet there are few studies assessing the relative measures of performance for NP versus OP specimens. Methods: We collected paired NP and OP swabs separately from pediatric and adult patients with influenza-like illness or severe acute respiratory illness at two respiratory surveillance sites in Kenya. The specimens were tested for eight respiratory viruses by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Positivity for a specific virus was defined as detection of viral nucleic acid in either swab. Results: Of 2,331 paired NP/OP specimens, 1,402 (60.1%) were positive for at least one virus, and 393 (16.9%) were positive for more than one virus. Overall, OP swabs were significantly more sensitive than NP swabs for adenovirus (72.4% vs. 57.6%, p < 0.01) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (91.2% vs. 70.4%, p < 0.01). NP specimens were more sensitive for influenza B virus (83.3% vs. 61.5%, p = 0.02), parainfluenza virus 2 (85.7%, vs. 39.3%, p < 0.01), and parainfluenza virus 3 (83.9% vs. 67.4%, p < 0.01). The two methods did not differ significantly for human metapneumovirus, influenza A (H3N2) virus, parainfluenza virus 1, or respiratory syncytial virus. Conclusions: The sensitivities were variable among the eight viruses tested; neither specimen was consistently more effective than the other. For respiratory disease surveillance programs using qRT-PCR that aim to maximize sensitivity for a large number of viruses, collecting combined NP and OP specimens would be the most effective approach. C1 [Kim, Curi; Erdman, Dean] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ahmed, Jamal A.; Eidex, Rachel B.; Nyoka, Raymond; Waiboci, Lilian W.; Tepo, Adan; Mahamud, Abdirahman S.; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kabura, Wamburu] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nguhi, Margaret] Int Rescue Comm, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muthoka, Philip] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Burton, Wagacha] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Kim, C (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mkatz@ke.cdc.gov NR 25 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21610 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021610 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 786GP UT WOS:000292291800026 PM 21738731 ER PT J AU Ayisi, JG van't Hoog, AH Agaya, JA Mchembere, W Nyamthimba, PO Muhenje, O Marston, BJ AF Ayisi, John G. van't Hoog, Anna H. Agaya, Janet A. Mchembere, Walter Nyamthimba, Peter O. Muhenje, Odylia Marston, Barbara J. TI Care seeking and attitudes towards treatment compliance by newly enrolled tuberculosis patients in the district treatment programme in rural western Kenya: a qualitative study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE health-seeking; tuberculosis; diagnosis; delay; qualitative ID HEALTH-SEEKING; BEHAVIOR; PERCEPTIONS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; ETHIOPIA; BARRIERS; HIV AB Background: The two issues mostly affecting the success of tuberculosis (TB) control programmes are delay in presentation and non-adherence to treatment. It is important to understand the factors that contribute to these issues, particularly in resource limited settings, where rates of tuberculosis are high. The objective of this study is to assess health-seeking behaviour and health care experiences among persons with pulmonary tuberculosis, and identify the reasons patients might not complete their treatment. Methods: We performed qualitative one-on-one in-depth interviews with pulmonary tuberculosis patients in nine health facilities in rural western Kenya. Thirty-one patients, 18 women and 13 men, participated in the study. All reside in an area of western Kenya with a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). They had attended treatment for up to 4 weeks on scheduled TB clinic days in September and October 2005. The nine sites all provide diagnostic and treatment services. Eight of the facilities were public (3 hospitals and 5 health centres) and one was a mission health centre. Results: Most patients initially self-treated with herbal remedies or drugs purchased from kiosks or pharmacies before seeking professional care. The reported time from initial symptoms to TB diagnosis ranged from 3 weeks to 9 years. Misinterpretation of early symptoms and financial constraints were the most common reasons reported for the delay. We also explored potential reasons that patients might discontinue their treatment before completing it. Reasons included being unaware of the duration of TB treatment, stopping treatment once symptoms subsided, and lack of family support. Conclusions: This qualitative study highlighted important challenges to TB control in rural western Kenya, and provided useful information that was further validated in a quantitative study in the same area. C1 [Ayisi, John G.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [Ayisi, John G.] Minist Higher Educ Sci & Technol, Directorate Res Management & Dev, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [van't Hoog, Anna H.; Agaya, Janet A.; Mchembere, Walter; Nyamthimba, Peter O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, KEMRI CDC Res & Collaborat Programme, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [van't Hoog, Anna H.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol KEBB, NL-1100 DD Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Muhenje, Odylia] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Programme, Nairobi 00200, Kenya. [Marston, Barbara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Programme, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ayisi, JG (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu Maseno Rd,POB 1578, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. EM john.ayisi@yahoo.com FU PEPFAR/Global AIDS Programme through CDC FX We gratefully acknowledge all hospital health staff and their respective administrations for their valuable cooperation, the study interviewers and the TB patients for their participation; PEPFAR/Global AIDS Programme through CDC for supporting the study; MW Borgdorff and KF Laserson for their valuable comments on the manuscript and Dana Dolan for copyediting. "The KEMRI/CDC HDSS is a member of the INDEPTH Network". This study was published with the permission of Director, KEMRI. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 29 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 515 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-515 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 791UO UT WOS:000292692100001 PM 21714895 ER PT J AU Wang, X Cohn, A Comanducci, M Andrew, L Zhao, X MacNeil, JR Schmink, S Muzzi, A Bambini, S Rappuoli, R Pizza, M Murphy, E Hoiseth, SK Jansen, KU Anderson, AS Harrison, LH Clark, TA Messonnier, NE Mayer, LW AF Wang, Xin Cohn, Amanda Comanducci, Maurizio Andrew, Lubomira Zhao, Xin MacNeil, Jessica R. Schmink, Susanna Muzzi, Alessandro Bambini, Stefania Rappuoli, Rino Pizza, Mariagrazia Murphy, Ellen Hoiseth, Susan K. Jansen, Kathrin U. Anderson, Annaliesa S. Harrison, Lee H. Clark, Thomas A. Messonnier, Nancy E. Mayer, Leonard W. TI Prevalence and genetic diversity of candidate vaccine antigens among invasive Neisseria meningitidis isolates in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Neisseria meningitidis; Serogroup B vaccine; Genetic diversity; Vaccine antigen ID FACTOR-H-BINDING; SEROGROUP-B MENINGOCOCCUS; PROTEIN; STRAINS; DISEASE; NADA; IDENTIFICATION; LIPOPROTEIN; VARIANTS; COVERAGE AB Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroups B, C and Y are the major causes of meningococcal diseases in the United States. NmB accounts for similar to 1/3 of the disease but no licensed vaccine is yet available. Two candidate vaccines are being developed specifically to target NmB, but may also provide protection against other serogroups. To assess the potential impact of these vaccines on NmB and other serogroups causing disease in the US, we determined the prevalence, genetic diversity and epidemiological characteristics of three candidate antigen genes in Nm isolates collected through Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs), a population-based active surveillance program.fHbp was detected in all NmB. NmY and NmW135 isolates. Eleven NmC isolates contain fHbp with a single base-pair deletion creating a frame shift in the C-terminal region. Among NmB, 59% were FHbp subfamily/variant B/v1 and 41% A/v2-3. Among NmC and NmY, 39% and 3% were B/v1, respectively. nadA was detected in 39% of NmB, 61% of NmC and 4% of NmY. Among isolates tested, nhbA was present in all NmB and 96% of non-B. For the subset of strains sequenced for NadA and NhbA, pairwise identity was greater than 93% and 78%, respectively. The proportion of FHbp subfamily/variant was different between ABCs site and year, but no linear temporal trend was observed. Although assessment of the vaccine coverage also requires understanding of the antigen expression and the ability to induce bactericidal activity, our finding that all isolates contain one or more antigen genes suggests these candidate vaccines may protect against multiple Nm serogroups. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wang, Xin; Cohn, Amanda; Zhao, Xin; MacNeil, Jessica R.; Schmink, Susanna; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Comanducci, Maurizio; Muzzi, Alessandro; Bambini, Stefania; Rappuoli, Rino; Pizza, Mariagrazia] Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy. [Andrew, Lubomira; Murphy, Ellen; Hoiseth, Susan K.; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Anderson, Annaliesa S.] Pfizer Vaccine Res, Pearl River, NY USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gqe8@cdc.gov RI Muzzi, Alessandro/J-6200-2012 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis Vaccines; GlaxoSmithKline; Pfizer; Pfizer Vaccine Research FX Maurizio Comanducci, Alessandro Muzzi, Stefania Bambini, Rino Rappuoli, and Mariagrazia Pizza are employees of Novartis Vaccines. Lubomira Andrew, Ellen Murphy, Susan K. Hoiseth, Kathrin U. Jansen, and Annaliesa S. Anderson are employees of Pfizer Vaccine Research. Lee Harrison receives funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. He receives research support and lecture fees from Sanofi Pasteur; lecture fees from Novartis Vaccines; and has served as a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis Vaccines, Sanofi Pasteur, and Pfizer. All other co-authors declare no conflict of interest. Financial support: CDC received funding (under Cooperative Research and Development Agreements) from Novartis Vaccines and Pfizer Vaccine Research for performing sequencing. NR 34 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 29-30 BP 4739 EP 4744 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.092 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 788VG UT WOS:000292471900014 PM 21571026 ER PT J AU Allen, IC Moore, CB Schneider, M Lei, Y Davis, BK Scull, MA Gris, D Roney, KE Zimmermann, AG Bowzard, JB Ranjan, P Monroe, KM Pickles, RJ Sambhara, S Ting, JPY AF Allen, Irving C. Moore, Chris B. Schneider, Monika Lei, Yu Davis, Beckley K. Scull, Margaret A. Gris, Denis Roney, Kelly E. Zimmermann, Albert G. Bowzard, John B. Ranjan, Priya Monroe, Kathryn M. Pickles, Raymond J. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Ting, Jenny P. Y. TI NLRX1 Protein Attenuates Inflammatory Responses to Infection by Interfering with the RIG-I-MAVS and TRAF6-NF-kappa B Signaling Pathways SO IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; ANTIVIRAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; OXYGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION; RNA HELICASE LGP2; CUTTING EDGE; ACTIVATION; NLRC5; INHIBITION; APOPTOSIS; RECEPTOR AB The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing (NLR) proteins regulate innate immunity. Although the positive regulatory impact of NLRs is clear, their inhibitory roles are not well defined. We showed that Nlrx1(-/-) mice exhibited increased expression of antiviral signaling molecules IFN-beta, STAT2, OAS1, and IL-6 after influenza virus infection. Consistent with increased inflammation, Nlrx1(-/-) mice exhibited marked morbidity and histopathology. Infection of these mice with an influenza strain that carries a mutated NS-1 protein, which normally prevents IFN induction by interaction with RNA and the intracellular RNA sensor RIG-I, further exacerbated IL-6 and type 1 IFN signaling. NLRX1 also weakened cytokine responses to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus in human cells. Mechanistically, Nlrx1 deletion led to constitutive interaction of MAVS and RIG-I. Additionally, an inhibitory function is identified for NLRX1 during LPS activation of macrophages where the MAVS-RIG-I pathway was not involved. NLRX1 interacts with TRAF6 and inhibits NF-kappa B activation. Thus, NLRX1 functions as a checkpoint of overzealous inflammation. C1 [Allen, Irving C.; Davis, Beckley K.; Gris, Denis; Zimmermann, Albert G.; Ting, Jenny P. Y.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Schneider, Monika; Scull, Margaret A.; Roney, Kelly E.; Pickles, Raymond J.; Ting, Jenny P. Y.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lei, Yu; Ting, Jenny P. Y.] Univ N Carolina, Oral Biol Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Moore, Chris B.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Infect Dis, Ctr Excellence Drug Discovery, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bowzard, John B.; Ranjan, Priya; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Monroe, Kathryn M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ting, JPY (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jenny_ting@med.unc.edu FU [U54-AI057157 (SERCEB)]; [U19-AI067798]; [U19-AI077437]; [F32-AI-082895-01]; [T32-AR007416]; [T32-CA009156] FX The authors would like to thank W.S. Barclay (Imperial College London) for providing the influenza A/PR/8/34mut39 virus. We would also like to thank J.M. Katz and N.J. Cox of the Influenza Division for their support. This work is supported by U54-AI057157 (SERCEB), U19-AI067798, U19-AI077437 (J.P.Y.T.), F32-AI-082895-01, T32-AR007416, and T32-CA009156 (I.C.A.). NR 30 TC 125 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 21 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1074-7613 J9 IMMUNITY JI Immunity PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 854 EP 865 DI 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.026 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 787AT UT WOS:000292349700007 PM 21703540 ER PT J AU Griffiths, UK Clark, A Shimanovich, V Glinskaya, I Tursunova, D Kim, L Mosina, L Hajjeh, R Edmond, K AF Griffiths, Ulla K. Clark, Andrew Shimanovich, Veronika Glinskaya, Irina Tursunova, Dilorom Kim, Lucia Mosina, Liudmila Hajjeh, Rana Edmond, Karen TI Comparative Economic Evaluation of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination in Belarus and Uzbekistan SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MENINGITIS; CHILDREN; PNEUMONIA; CONJUGATE; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; FRANCE AB Background: Hib vaccine has gradually been introduced into more and more countries during the past two decades, partly due to GAVI Alliance support to low-income countries. However, since Hib disease burden is difficult to establish in settings with limited diagnostic capacities and since the vaccine continues to be relatively expensive, some Governments remain doubtful about its value leading to concerns about financial sustainability. Similarly, several middle-income countries have not introduced the vaccine. The aim of this study is to estimate and compare the cost-effectiveness of Hib vaccination in a country relying on self-financing (Belarus) and a country eligible for GAVI Alliance support (Uzbekistan). Methods and Findings: A decision analytic model was used to estimate morbidity and mortality from Hib meningitis, Hib pneumonia and other types of Hib disease with and without the vaccine. Treatment costs were attached to each disease event. Data on disease incidence, case fatality ratios and costs were primarily determined from national sources. For the Belarus 2009 birth cohort, Hib vaccine is estimated to prevent 467 invasive disease cases, 4 cases of meningitis sequelae, and 3 deaths, while in Uzbekistan 3,069 invasive cases, 34 sequelae cases and 341 deaths are prevented. Estimated costs per discounted DALY averted are US$ 9,323 in Belarus and US$ 267 in Uzbekistan. Conclusion: The primary reason why the cost-effectiveness values are more favourable in Uzbekistan than in Belarus is that relatively more deaths are averted in Uzbekistan due to higher baseline mortality burden. Two other explanations are that the vaccine price is lower in Uzbekistan and that Uzbekistan uses a three dose schedule compared to four doses in Belarus. However, when seen in the context of the relative ability to pay for public health, the vaccine can be considered cost-effective in both countries. C1 [Griffiths, Ulla K.; Clark, Andrew; Edmond, Karen] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Hib Initiat, London WC1, England. [Shimanovich, Veronika] Republican Ctr Hyg Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Minsk, Byelarus. [Glinskaya, Irina] Minsk City Ctr Hyg & Epidemiol, Minsk, Byelarus. [Tursunova, Dilorom; Kim, Lucia] Minist Hlth, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [Mosina, Liudmila] WHO Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Griffiths, UK (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Hib Initiat, London WC1, England. EM ulla.griffiths@lshtm.ac.uk FU Hib Initiative, GAVI Alliance FX This study was funded by the Hib Initiative, which was a GAVI Alliance funded project that lasted from 2005-2009. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21472 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021472 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 782UF UT WOS:000292036900035 PM 21720546 ER PT J AU Li, Q Hsia, J Yang, GH AF Li, Qiang Hsia, Jason Yang, Gonghuan TI Prevalence of Smoking in China in 2010 SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Li, Qiang; Yang, Gonghuan] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Hsia, Jason] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, Q (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM yangghuan@vip.sina.com NR 2 TC 188 Z9 208 U1 0 U2 14 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 23 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 25 BP 2469 EP 2470 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 781MG UT WOS:000291936100024 PM 21696322 ER PT J AU Onofrey, S Church, D Kludt, P DeMaria, A Cranston, K Beckett, GA Holmberg, SD Ward, JW Holtzman, D AF Onofrey, Shauna Church, Daniel Kludt, Patricia DeMaria, Alfred Cranston, Kevin Beckett, Geoff A. Holmberg, Scott D. Ward, John W. Holtzman, Deborah TI Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Adolescents and Young Adults-Massachusetts, 2002-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 537-541, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE C1 [Beckett, Geoff A.; Holmberg, Scott D.; Ward, John W.; Holtzman, Deborah] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Onofrey, Shauna; Church, Daniel; Kludt, Patricia; DeMaria, Alfred; Cranston, Kevin] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Onofrey, S (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dholtzman@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 24 BP 2511 EP 2513 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 780MF UT WOS:000291860400009 ER PT J AU Zahran, HS Bailey, C Garbe, P AF Zahran, Hatice S. Bailey, Cathy Garbe, Paul TI Vital Signs: Asthma Prevalence, Disease Characteristics, and Self-Management Education-United States, 2001-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 547-552, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Zahran, Hatice S.; Bailey, Cathy; Garbe, Paul] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zahran, HS (reprint author), CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hzahran@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 24 BP 2514 EP 2516 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 780MF UT WOS:000291860400010 ER PT J AU Chen, L Peek, M Stokich, D Todd, R Anderson, M Murphy, FK Hoffman, R Evans, A Jordan-Villegas, A McCracken, G Chung, WM Tran, J Raj, P Shieh, WJ Schmitz, A Zaki, S Hills, SL Lambert, A Panella, A Laven, J Kosoy, O Johnson, BW Lanciotti, RS Fischer, M AF Chen, L. Peek, M. Stokich, D. Todd, R. Anderson, M. Murphy, F. K. Hoffman, R. Evans, A. Jordan-Villegas, A. McCracken, G., Jr. Chung, W. M. Tran, J. Raj, P. Shieh, W-J Schmitz, A. Zaki, S. Hills, S. L. Lambert, A. Panella, A. Laven, J. Kosoy, O. Johnson, B. W. Lanciotti, R. S. Fischer, M. TI Japanese Encephalitis in Two Children-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 276-278, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; CYSTICERCOSIS; TRAVELERS C1 [Chen, L.; Peek, M.; Stokich, D.; Todd, R.; Anderson, M.] Washoe Cty Hlth Dist, Reno, NV USA. [Murphy, F. K.] Sierra Infect Dis, Reno, NV USA. [Jordan-Villegas, A.; McCracken, G., Jr.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Hills, S. L.; Lambert, A.; Panella, A.; Laven, J.; Kosoy, O.; Johnson, B. W.; Lanciotti, R. S.; Fischer, M.] CDC, Arboviral Dis Br, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chen, L (reprint author), Washoe Cty Hlth Dist, Reno, NV USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 24 BP 2516 EP 2518 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 780MF UT WOS:000291860400011 ER PT J AU Georgea, DB Webb, CT Farnsworth, ML O'Shea, TJ Bowen, RA Smith, DL Stanley, TR Ellison, LE Rupprecht, CE AF Georgea, Dylan B. Webb, Colleen T. Farnsworth, Matthew L. O'Shea, Thomas J. Bowen, Richard A. Smith, David L. Stanley, Thomas R. Ellison, Laura E. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Host and viral ecology determine bat rabies seasonality and maintenance SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE chiroptera; pathogen persistence; torpor ID BIG BROWN BATS; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; UNITED-STATES; DYNAMICS; COLORADO; PROBABILITIES; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION AB Rabies is an acute viral infection that is typically fatal. Most rabies modeling has focused on disease dynamics and control within terrestrial mammals (e. g., raccoons and foxes). As such, rabies in bats has been largely neglected until recently. Because bats have been implicated as natural reservoirs for several emerging zoonotic viruses, including SARS-like corona viruses, henipaviruses, and lyssaviruses, understanding how pathogens are maintained within a population becomes vital. Unfortunately, little is known about maintenance mechanisms for any pathogen in bat populations. We present a mathematical model parameterized with unique data from an extensive study of rabies in a Colorado population of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to elucidate general maintenance mechanisms. We propose that life history patterns of many species of temperate-zone bats, coupled with sufficiently long incubation periods, allows for rabies virus maintenance. Seasonal variability in bat mortality rates, specifically low mortality during hibernation, allows long-term bat population viability. Within viable bat populations, sufficiently long incubation periods allow enough infected individuals to enter hibernation and survive until the following year, and hence avoid an epizootic fadeout of rabies virus. We hypothesize that the slowing effects of hibernation on metabolic and viral activity maintains infected individuals and their pathogens until susceptibles from the annual birth pulse become infected and continue the cycle. This research provides a context to explore similar host ecology and viral dynamics that may explain seasonal patterns and maintenance of other bat-borne diseases. C1 [Georgea, Dylan B.; Webb, Colleen T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Georgea, Dylan B.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Farnsworth, Matthew L.; Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Smith, David L.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Smith, David L.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [O'Shea, Thomas J.; Stanley, Thomas R.; Ellison, Laura E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Georgea, DB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM dylangeorge@gmail.com RI Smith, David/L-8850-2013 OI Smith, David/0000-0003-4367-3849 FU National Science Foundation [EF-0094959, DGE-0221595]; Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; US Geological Survey; Department of Defense FX We are grateful for data from the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. We thank state public health departments and diagnostic laboratories for collecting primary data and staff at the Center for Disease Control Rabies Program for data compilation. We acknowledge support from National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Disease Grant EF-0094959; the Research And Policy In Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security; the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; and the US Geological Survey. Additional support was provided by National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training Fellowship DGE-0221595 and a Department of Defense Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) Fellowship (to D.B.G.). NR 37 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 58 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 21 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 25 BP 10208 EP 10213 DI 10.1073/pnas.1010875108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 780LK UT WOS:000291857500040 PM 21646516 ER PT J AU Shebl, FM Dollard, SC Pfeiffer, RM Biryahwaho, B Amin, MM Munuo, SS Hladik, W Parsons, R Graubard, BI Mbulaiteye, SM AF Shebl, Fatma M. Dollard, Sheila C. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Biryahwaho, Benon Amin, Minal M. Munuo, Stella S. Hladik, Wolfgang Parsons, Ruth Graubard, Barry I. Mbulaiteye, Sam M. TI Human Herpesvirus 8 Seropositivity Among Sexually Active Adults in Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; SEROPREVALENCE; POPULATION; CANCER; AIDS; TRANSFUSION AB Introduction: Sexual transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has been implicated among homosexual men, but the evidence for sexual transmission among heterosexual individuals is controversial. We investigated the role of sexual transmission of HHV8 in a nationally representative sample in Uganda, where HHV8 infection is endemic and transmitted mostly during childhood. Materials and Methods: The study population was a subset of participants (n = 2681) from a population-based HIV/AIDS serobehavioral survey of adults aged 15-59 years conducted in 2004/2005. High risk for sexual transmission was assessed by questionnaire and serological testing for HIV and herpes simplex virus 2. Anti-HHV8 antibodies were measured using two enzyme immunoassays targeting synthetic peptides from the K8.1 and orf65 viral genes. The current study was restricted to 2288 sexually active adults. ORs and 95% CIs for HHV8 seropositivity were estimated by fitting logistic regression models with a random intercept using MPLUS and SAS software. Results: The weighted prevalence of HHV8 seropositivity was 56.2%, based on 1302 seropositive individuals, and it increased significantly with age (P(trend)<0.0001). In analyses adjusting for age, sex, geography, education, and HIV status, HHV8 seropositivity was positively associated with reporting two versus one marital union (OR:1.52, 95% CI: 1.17-1.97) and each unit increase in the number of children born (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00-1.08), and was inversely associated with ever having used a condom (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45-0.89). HHV8 seropositivity was not associated with HIV (P = 0.660) or with herpes simplex virus 2 (P = 0.732) seropositivity. Other sexual variables, including lifetime number of sexual partners or having had at least one sexually transmitted disease, and socioeconomic variables were unrelated to HHV8 seropositivity. Conclusion: Our findings are compatible with the conclusion that sexual transmission of HHV8 in Uganda, if it occurs, is weak. C1 [Shebl, Fatma M.; Pfeiffer, Ruth M.; Graubard, Barry I.; Mbulaiteye, Sam M.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dollard, Sheila C.; Amin, Minal M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Biryahwaho, Benon] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. [Munuo, Stella S.; Parsons, Ruth] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Hladik, Wolfgang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Shebl, FM (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mbulaits@mail.nih.gov RI Pfeiffer, Ruth /F-4748-2011 FU Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN2612009004060P]; Support Services contract [NO2-CP-31003]; NCI [IAA Y1CP903801]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [IAA Y1CP903801] FX The study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (contract HHSN2612009004060P and Support Services contract NO2-CP-31003) and with an Inter-Agency Agreement between NCI and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (IAA Y1CP903801). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21286 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021286 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 782CL UT WOS:000291985100025 PM 21712983 ER PT J AU Zeh, C Amornkul, PN Inzaule, S Ondoa, P Oyaro, B Mwaengo, DM Vandenhoudt, H Gichangi, A Williamson, J Thomas, T DeCock, KM Hart, C Nkengasong, J Laserson, K AF Zeh, Clement Amornkul, Pauli N. Inzaule, Seth Ondoa, Pascale Oyaro, Boaz Mwaengo, Dufton M. Vandenhoudt, Hilde Gichangi, Anthony Williamson, John Thomas, Timothy DeCock, Kevin M. Hart, Clyde Nkengasong, John Laserson, Kayla TI Population-Based Biochemistry, Immunologic and Hematological Reference Values for Adolescents and Young Adults in a Rural Population in Western Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOHEMATOLOGICAL REFERENCE RANGES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REFERENCE INTERVALS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS; PLATELET COUNT; HEALTHY-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; CELL COUNT; TANZANIA; HIV-1 AB Background: There is need for locally-derived age-specific clinical laboratory reference ranges of healthy Africans in sub-Saharan Africa. Reference values from North American and European populations are being used for African subjects despite previous studies showing significant differences. Our aim was to establish clinical laboratory reference values for African adolescents and young adults that can be used in clinical trials and for patient management. Methods and Findings: A panel of 298, HIV-seronegative individuals aged 13-34 years was randomly selected from participants in two population-based cross-sectional surveys assessing HIV prevalence and other sexually transmitted infections in western Kenya. The adolescent (<18 years)-to-adults (>= 18 years) ratio and the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Median and 95% reference ranges were calculated for immunohematological and biochemistry values. Compared with U. S-derived reference ranges, we detected lower hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), neutrophil, glucose, and blood urea nitrogen values but elevated eosinophil and total bilirubin values. Significant gender variation was observed in hematological parameters in addition to T-bilirubin and creatinine indices in all age groups, AST in the younger and neutrophil, platelet and CD4 indices among the older age group. Age variation was also observed, mainly in hematological parameters among males. Applying U. S. NIH Division of AIDS (DAIDS) toxicity grading to our results, 40% of otherwise healthy study participants were classified as having an abnormal laboratory parameter (grade 1-4) which would exclude them from participating in clinical trials. Conclusion: Hematological and biochemistry reference values from African population differ from those derived from a North American population, showing the need to develop region-specific reference values. Our data also show variations in hematological indices between adolescent and adult males which should be considered when developing reference ranges. This study provides the first locally-derived clinical laboratory reference ranges for adolescents and young adults in western Kenya. C1 [Zeh, Clement; Amornkul, Pauli N.; Mwaengo, Dufton M.; Gichangi, Anthony; Williamson, John; Thomas, Timothy; DeCock, Kevin M.; Laserson, Kayla] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Inzaule, Seth; Oyaro, Boaz] Kenya Med Res Inst US CDC Res & Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Ondoa, Pascale] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr,Ctr Poverty Related Communicable Dis, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev AIGHD, Dept Internal Med,Ctr Infect & Immun CINIMA, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Vandenhoudt, Hilde] Inst Trop Med ITM, Antwerp, Belgium. [Hart, Clyde; Nkengasong, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zeh, C (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. EM czeh@ke.cdc.gov FU Kenya Medical Research Institute; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology [5U19C1000323-04] FX This work was supported by the Kenya Medical Research Institute through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology, grant award number-5U19C1000323-04. The study design, data collection instruments, data analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of manuscript was led by scientists at the CDC and stationed in Kenya. Data collection was done by Kenyan staff working for a CDC-funded research station in Kisumu, Kenya. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 48 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21040 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021040 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 782CL UT WOS:000291985100008 PM 21713038 ER PT J AU Gallardo-Romero, NF Velasco-Villa, A Weiss, SL Emerson, GL Carroll, DS Hughes, CM Li, Y Karem, KL Damon, IK Olson, VA AF Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Velasco-Villa, Andres Weiss, Sonja L. Emerson, Ginny L. Carroll, Darin S. Hughes, Christine M. Li, Yu Karem, Kevin L. Damon, Inger K. Olson, Victoria A. TI Detection of North American orthopoxviruses by real time-PCR SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE orthopoxviruses; North American orthopoxviruses; myristylated protein; real time PCR ID RACCOON POXVIRUS; MONKEYPOX-VIRUS; WEST-AFRICAN; PRAIRIE DOG; IMMUNIZATION; CONSUMPTION; VACCINE; PROTEIN; PLAGUE; RABIES AB The prevalence of North American orthopoxviruses in nature is unknown and may be more difficult to ascertain due to wide spread use of vaccinia virus recombinant vaccines in the wild. A real time PCR assay was developed to allow for highly sensitive and specific detection of North American orthopoxvirus DNA in animal tissues and bodily fluids. This method is based on the amplification of a 156 bp sequence within a myristylated protein, highly conserved within the North American orthopoxviruses but distinct from orthologous genes present in other orthopoxviruses. The analytical sensitivity was 1.1 fg for Volepox virus DNA, 1.99 fg for Skunkpox virus DNA, and 6.4 fg for Raccoonpox virus DNA with a 95% confidence interval. Our assay did not cross-react with other orthopoxviruses or ten diverse representatives of the Chordopoxvirinae subfamily. This new assay showed more sensitivity than tissue culture tests, and was capable of differentiating North American orthopoxviruses from other members of Orthopoxvirus. Thus, our assay is a promising tool for highly sensitive and specific detection of North American orthopoxviruses in the United States and abroad. C1 [Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F.; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Weiss, Sonja L.; Emerson, Ginny L.; Carroll, Darin S.; Hughes, Christine M.; Li, Yu; Karem, Kevin L.; Damon, Inger K.; Olson, Victoria A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gallardo-Romero, NF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfa5@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 313 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-8-313 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 797QM UT WOS:000293142400001 PM 21689420 ER PT J AU Apondi, R Bunnell, R Ekwaru, JP Moore, D Bechange, S Khana, K King, R Campbell, J Tappero, J Mermin, J AF Apondi, Rose Bunnell, Rebecca Ekwaru, John Paul Moore, David Bechange, Stevens Khana, Kenneth King, Rachel Campbell, James Tappero, Jordan Mermin, Jonathan TI Sexual behavior and HIV transmission risk of Ugandan adults taking antiretroviral therapy: 3 year follow-up SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE Africa; antiretroviral therapy; epidemiology; prevention of sexual transmission; sexual behavior; Uganda; viral load ID RURAL UGANDA; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INFECTED ADULTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; VIRAL LOAD; CAPE-TOWN; EPIDEMIC; MEN; PREVENTION; MORTALITY AB Background: Long-term impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on sexual HIV-transmission risk in Africa is unknown. We assessed sexual behavior changes and estimated HIV transmission from HIV-infected adults on ART in Uganda. Methods: Between 2003 and 2007, we enrolled and followed ART-naive HIV-infected adults in a home-based AIDS program with annual counseling and testing for cohabitating partners, participant transmission risk-reduction plans, condom distribution and prevention support for cohabitating discordant couples. We assessed participants' HIV plasma viral load and partner-specific sexual behaviors. We defined risky sex as intercourse with inconsistent/no condom use with HIV-negative or unknown serostatus partners in previous 3 months. We compared rates using Poisson regression models, estimated transmission risk using established viral load-specific transmission estimates, and documented sero-conversion rates among HIV-discordant couples. Results: Of 928 participants, 755 (81%) had 36 months data: 94 (10%) died and 79 (9%) missing data. Sexual activity increased from 28% (baseline) to 41% [36 months (P<0.001)]. Of sexually active participants, 22% reported risky sex at baseline, 8% at 6 months (P<0.001), and 14% at 36 months (P = 0.018). Median viral load among those reporting risky sex was 122 500 [interquartile range (IQR) 45 100-353 000] copies/ml pre-ART at baseline and undetectable at follow-up. One sero-conversion occurred among 62 cohabitating sero-discordant partners (0.5 sero-conversions/100 person-years). At 36 months, consistent condom use was 74% with discordant partners, 55% with unknown and 46% with concordant partners. Estimated HIV transmission risk reduced 91%, from 47.3 to 4.2/1000 person-years. Conclusions: Despite increased sexual activity among HIV-infected Ugandans over 3 years on ART, risky sex and estimated risk of HIV transmission remained lower than baseline levels. Integrated prevention programs could reduce HIV transmission in Africa. (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Apondi, Rose; Ekwaru, John Paul; Bechange, Stevens; Khana, Kenneth; Campbell, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, CDC Uganda, Entebbe, Uganda. [Bunnell, Rebecca; Tappero, Jordan; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Uganda, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moore, David] Univ British Columbia, British Columbia Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Moore, David] Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [King, Rachel] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Apondi, R (reprint author), Uganda Virus Res Inst, POB 49, Entebbe, Uganda. EM hmm9@ug.cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 FU Ministry of Health FX We thank HBAC project staff and clients for all their time and efforts. Dr R. Downing supervised all laboratory work. We also thank Dr E. Madraa and The Ministry of Health for support for this project. We are grateful to T. Wamala and G. Nagadya for help with the references. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1317 EP 1327 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328347f775 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 775MI UT WOS:000291463200009 PM 21522005 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M Hariri, S AF Saraiya, Mona Hariri, Susan TI HPV vaccine effect: is the glass half full or half empty? SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID SURVEILLANCE; AUSTRALIA; IMPACT C1 [Saraiya, Mona; Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 18 PY 2011 VL 377 IS 9783 BP 2057 EP 2058 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 783XI UT WOS:000292117800004 PM 21684367 ER PT J AU Coleman, CN Simon, SL Noska, MA Telfer, JL Bowman, T AF Coleman, C. Norman Simon, Steven L. Noska, Michael A. Telfer, Jana L. Bowman, Thomas TI Disaster Preparation: Lessons from Japan SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 [Coleman, C. Norman] NCI, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Coleman, C. Norman] US Dept HHS, Off Preparedness & Emergency Operat, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Simon, Steven L.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Noska, Michael A.] US PHS, US FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Telfer, Jana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bowman, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Coleman, CN (reprint author), NCI, 200 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM ccoleman@mail.nih.gov NR 0 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 17 PY 2011 VL 332 IS 6036 BP 1379 EP 1379 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 778FT UT WOS:000291689000018 PM 21680826 ER PT J AU Mosoko, JJ Akam, W Weidle, PJ Brooks, JT Aweh, AJ Kinge, TN Pals, S Raghunathan, PL AF Mosoko, Jembia J. Akam, Wilfred Weidle, Paul J. Brooks, John T. Aweh, Asabi J. Kinge, Thompson N. Pals, Sherri Raghunathan, Pratima L. TI Retention in an antiretroviral therapy programme during an era of decreasing drug cost in Limbe, Cameroon SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; ADHERENCE; CARE; OUTCOMES; KHAYELITSHA; MORTALITY; RESPONSES; FAILURE; PROJECT AB Background: In 2002, Cameroon initiated scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART); on 1 October 2004, a substantial reduction in ART cost occurred. We assessed the impact of this event and other factors on enrolment and retention in care among HIV-infected patients initiating ART from February 2002 to December 2005 at the single ART clinic serving the Southwest Region in Limbe, Cameroon. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and pharmacy payment records of HIV-infected patients initiating ART according to national guidelines. We compared two cohorts of patients, enrolled before and after 1 October 2004, to determine if price reduction was associated with enhanced enrolment. We assessed factors associated with retention and survival by Cox proportional hazards models. Retention in care implied patients who had contact with the healthcare system as of 31 December 2005 (including those who were transferred to continue care in other ART centres), although these patients may have interrupted therapy at some time. A patient who was not retained in care may have dropped out (lost to follow up) or died. Results: Mean enrolment rates for 2920 patients who initiated ART before and after the price reduction were 46.5 and 95.5 persons/month, respectively (p < 0.001). The probabilities of remaining alive and in care were 0.66 (95% CI 0.64-0.68) at six months, 0.58 (95% CI 0.56-0.60) at one year, 0.47 (95% CI 0.45-0.49) at two years and 0.35 (95% CI 0.32-0.38) at three years; they were not significantly different between the two cohorts of patients enrolled before and after the price reduction over the first 15 months of comparable follow up (hazard ratio 1.1; 95% CI 0.9-1.2, p = 0.27). In multivariable analysis using multiple imputations to compensate for missing values, factors associated with dropping out of care or dying were male gender (HR 1.33 [1.18-1.50], p = 0.003), treatment paid by self, family or partly by other (HR 3.05 [1.99-4.67], p < 0.001), and, compared with residents of Limbe, living more than 150 km from Limbe (HR 1.41 [1.18-1.69], p < 0.001), or being residents of Douala (HR 1.51 [1.16-1.98], p < 0.001). Conclusions: Reducing the cost of ART increased enrolment of clients in the programme, but did not change retention in care. In a system where most clients pay for ART, an accessible clinic location may be more important than the cost of medication for retention in care. Decentralizing ART clinics might improve retention and survival among patients on ART. C1 [Mosoko, Jembia J.; Raghunathan, Pratima L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Mutengene, Cameroon. [Mosoko, Jembia J.; Weidle, Paul J.; Brooks, John T.; Aweh, Asabi J.; Pals, Sherri; Raghunathan, Pratima L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mosoko, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Mutengene, Cameroon. EM jmosoko@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); Department of Health and Human Services/CDC; Division of Global HIV/AIDS; CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention FX This publication was made possible by support from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), from the Department of Health and Human Services/CDC, Division of Global HIV/AIDS and the CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1758-2652 J9 J INT AIDS SOC JI J. Int. AIDS Soc. PD JUN 16 PY 2011 VL 14 AR 32 DI 10.1186/1758-2652-14-32 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 839GH UT WOS:000296353000001 PM 21679416 ER PT J AU Florence, C Shepherd, J Brennan, I Simon, T AF Florence, Curtis Shepherd, Jonathan Brennan, Iain Simon, Thomas TI Effectiveness of anonymised information sharing and use in health service, police, and local government partnership for preventing violence related injury: experimental study and time series analysis SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID URBAN VIOLENCE; ASSAULT; ACCIDENT; CRIME AB Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of anonymised information sharing to prevent injury related to violence. Design Experimental study and time series analysis of a prototype community partnership between the health service, police, and local government partners designed to prevent violence. Setting Cardiff, Wales, and 14 comparison cities designated "most similar" by the Home Office in England and Wales. Intervention After a 33 month development period, anonymised data relevant to violence prevention (precise violence location, time, days, and weapons) from patients attending emergency departments in Cardiff and reporting injury from violence were shared over 51 months with police and local authority partners and used to target resources for violence prevention. Main outcome measures Health service records of hospital admissions related to violence and police records of woundings and less serious assaults in Cardiff and other cities after adjustment for potential confounders. Results Information sharing and use were associated with a substantial and significant reduction in hospital admissions related to violence. In the intervention city (Cardiff) rates fell from seven to five a month per 100 000 population compared with an increase from five to eight in comparison cities (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.69). Average rate of woundings recorded by the police changed from 54 to 82 a month per 100 000 population in Cardiff compared with an increase from 54 to 114 in comparison cities (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.68, 0.61 to 0.75). There was a significant increase in less serious assaults recorded by the police, from 15 to 20 a month per 100 000 population in Cardiff compared with a decrease from 42 to 33 in comparison cities (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.38, 1.13 to 1.70). Conclusion An information sharing partnership between health services, police, and local government in Cardiff, Wales, altered policing and other strategies to prevent violence based on information collected from patients treated in emergency departments after injury sustained in violence. This intervention led to a significant reduction in violent injury and was associated with an increase in police recording of minor assaults in Cardiff compared with similar cities in England and Wales where this intervention was not implemented. C1 [Shepherd, Jonathan] Cardiff Univ, Violence & Soc Res Grp, Sch Dent, Cardiff CF14 4XY, S Glam, Wales. [Florence, Curtis; Simon, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brennan, Iain] Univ Hull, Dept Social Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. RP Shepherd, J (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Violence & Soc Res Grp, Sch Dent, Cardiff CF14 4XY, S Glam, Wales. EM shepherdjp@cardiff.ac.uk FU Home Office; Wales Office for Research and Development in Health and Social Care (WORD) [R/98/037] FX The development of the prototype partnership was funded in part by a grant from the Home Office targeted policing fund. The study was funded in part by the Wales Office for Research and Development in Health and Social Care (WORD), grant No R/98/037. NR 45 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 20 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUN 16 PY 2011 VL 342 AR d3313 DI 10.1136/bmj.d3313 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 781LF UT WOS:000291933000004 PM 21680632 ER PT J AU Patel, MM Lopez-Collada, VR Bulhoes, MM De Oliveira, LH Marquez, AB Flannery, B Esparza-Aguilar, M Renoiner, EIM Luna-Cruz, ME Sato, HK Hernandez-Hernandez, LD Toledo-Cortina, G Ceron-Rodriguez, M Osnaya-Romero, N Martinez-Alcazar, M Aguinaga-Villasenor, RG Plascencia-Hernandez, A Fojaco-Gonzalez, F Rezk, GHP Gutierrez-Ramirez, SF Dorame-Castillo, R Tinajero-Pizano, R Mercado-Villegas, B Barbosa, MR Maluf, EMC Ferreira, LB de Carvalho, FM dos Santos, AR Cesar, ED de Oliveira, MEP Silva, CLO Cortes, MD Matus, CR Tate, J Gargiullo, P Parashar, UD AF Patel, Manish M. Richardson Lopez-Collada, Vesta Bulhoes, Marilia Mattos Helena De Oliveira, Lucia Bautista Marquez, Aurora Flannery, Brendan Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino Montenegro Renoiner, Ernesto Isaac Edilia Luna-Cruz, Maria Sato, Helena Keico del Carmen Hernandez-Hernandez, Luz Toledo-Cortina, Gerardo Ceron-Rodriguez, Magdalena Osnaya-Romero, Neydi Martinez-Alcazar, Mario Gabriela Aguinaga-Villasenor, Rocio Plascencia-Hernandez, Arturo Fojaco-Gonzalez, Francisco Hernandez-Peredo Rezk, Guillermo Fortino Gutierrez-Ramirez, Sixto Dorame-Castillo, Roberto Tinajero-Pizano, Rogelio Mercado-Villegas, Bernice Barbosa, Marilia Reichelt Cesario Maluf, Eliane Mara Ferreira, Lucimar Bozza de Carvalho, Francisca Maria dos Santos, Ana Rosa Cesar, Eduardo Dolabella Paula de Oliveira, Maria Elisa Osterno Silva, Carmem Lucia de los Angeles Cortes, Maria Ruiz Matus, Cuauhtemoc Tate, Jacqueline Gargiullo, Paul Parashar, Umesh D. TI Intussusception Risk and Health Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in Mexico and Brazil SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CASE SERIES; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; INFANTS; SAFETY; EFFICACY; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINES AB Background Because postlicensure surveillance determined that a previous rotavirus vaccine, RotaShield, caused intussusception in 1 of every 10,000 recipients, we assessed the association of the new monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) with intussusception after routine immunization of infants in Mexico and Brazil. Methods We used case-series and case-control methods to assess the association between RV1 and intussusception. Infants with intussusception were identified through active surveillance at 69 hospitals (16 in Mexico and 53 in Brazil), and age-matched infants from the same neighborhood were enrolled as controls. Vaccination dates were verified by a review of vaccination cards or clinic records. Results We enrolled 615 case patients (285 in Mexico and 330 in Brazil) and 2050 controls. An increased risk of intussusception 1 to 7 days after the first dose of RV1 was identified among infants in Mexico with the use of both the case-series method (incidence ratio, 5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0 to 9.3) and the case-control method (odds ratio, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.6 to 13.0). No significant risk was found after the first dose among infants in Brazil, but an increased risk, albeit smaller than that seen after the first dose in Mexico - an increase by a factor of 1.9 to 2.6 - was seen 1 to 7 days after the second dose. A combined annual excess of 96 cases of intussusception in Mexico (approximately 1 per 51,000 infants) and in Brazil (approximately 1 per 68,000 infants) and of 5 deaths due to intussusception was attributable to RV1. However, RV1 prevented approximately 80,000 hospitalizations and 1300 deaths from diarrhea each year in these two countries. Conclusions RV1 was associated with a short-term risk of intussusception in approximately 1 of every 51,000 to 68,000 vaccinated infants. The absolute number of deaths and hospitalizations averted because of vaccination far exceeded the number of intussusception cases that may have been associated with vaccination. (Funded in part by the GAVI Alliance and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.) C1 [Patel, Manish M.; Tate, Jacqueline; Gargiullo, Paul; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richardson Lopez-Collada, Vesta; Bautista Marquez, Aurora; Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino; Edilia Luna-Cruz, Maria; del Carmen Hernandez-Hernandez, Luz] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Toledo-Cortina, Gerardo] Hosp Pediat Moctezuma, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ceron-Rodriguez, Magdalena] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Osnaya-Romero, Neydi] Inst Nacl Pediat, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Bulhoes, Marilia Mattos; Montenegro Renoiner, Ernesto Isaac; dos Santos, Ana Rosa] Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Montenegro Renoiner, Ernesto Isaac] Univ Brasilia, Nucleo Med Trop, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Flannery, Brendan] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Sato, Helena Keico] Secretaria Estado Saude Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Ferreira, Lucimar Bozza] Secretaria Municipal Saude Curitiba, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [de Carvalho, Francisca Maria] Secretaria Estado Saude Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cesar, Eduardo Dolabella] Secretaria Estado Saude Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Osterno Silva, Carmem Lucia] Secretaria Estado Saude Curitiba, Ceara, Brazil. [Helena De Oliveira, Lucia; de los Angeles Cortes, Maria; Ruiz Matus, Cuauhtemoc] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Osnaya-Romero, Neydi] Hosp Nino Morelense, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Martinez-Alcazar, Mario; Gabriela Aguinaga-Villasenor, Rocio] Hosp Infantil Morelia Eva Samano de Lopez Mateos, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Plascencia-Hernandez, Arturo] Hosp Civil Reg Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Plascencia-Hernandez, Arturo] Hosp Civil Nuevo Guadalajara Juan I Menchaca, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Fojaco-Gonzalez, Francisco] Hosp Alta Especialidad Nino Dr Rodolfo Nieto Padr, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. [Hernandez-Peredo Rezk, Guillermo] Ctr Especialidades Med Veracruz, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Fortino Gutierrez-Ramirez, Sixto] Hosp Metropolitano Dr Bernardo Sepulveda, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Dorame-Castillo, Roberto] Hosp Infantil Estado Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. [Tinajero-Pizano, Rogelio] Hosp Gen Reg Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico. [Mercado-Villegas, Bernice] Hosp Civil Tepic Dr Antonio Gonzalez Guevara, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov FU GAVI Alliance; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services FX Funded in part by the GAVI Alliance under a collaborative agreement with the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) and in part by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 31 TC 171 Z9 180 U1 2 U2 13 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 16 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 24 BP 2283 EP 2292 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777RZ UT WOS:000291643800006 PM 21675888 ER PT J AU Sow, SO Okoko, BJ Diallo, A Viviani, S Borrow, R Carlone, G Tapia, M Akinsola, AK Arduin, P Findlow, H Elie, C Haidara, FC Adegbola, RA Diop, D Parulekar, V Chaumont, J Martellet, L Diallo, F Idoko, OT Tang, YX Plikaytis, BD Kulkarni, PS Marchetti, E LaForce, FM Preziosi, MP AF Sow, Samba O. Okoko, Brown J. Diallo, Aldiouma Viviani, Simonetta Borrow, Ray Carlone, George Tapia, Milagritos Akinsola, Adebayo K. Arduin, Pascal Findlow, Helen Elie, Cheryl Haidara, Fadima Cheick Adegbola, Richard A. Diop, Doudou Parulekar, Varsha Chaumont, Julie Martellet, Lionel Diallo, Fatoumata Idoko, Olubukola T. Tang, Yuxiao Plikaytis, Brian D. Kulkarni, Prasad S. Marchetti, Elisa LaForce, F. Marc Preziosi, Marie-Pierre TI Immunogenicity and Safety of a Meningococcal A Conjugate Vaccine in Africans SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS GROUP; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; EPIDEMIC MENINGITIS; SEROGROUP-A; ANTIBODY; MEMORY; TRIAL; BELT; RISK; QUADRIVALENT AB Background Group A meningococci are the source of major epidemics of meningitis in Africa. An affordable, highly immunogenic meningococcal A conjugate vaccine is needed. Methods We conducted two studies in Africa to evaluate a new MenA conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT). In study A, 601 children, 12 to 23 months of age, were randomly assigned to receive PsA-TT, a quadrivalent polysaccharide reference vaccine (PsACWY), or a control vaccine (Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine [Hib-TT]). Ten months later, these children underwent another round of randomization within each group to receive a full dose of PsA-TT, a one-fifth dose of PsACWY, or a full dose of Hib-TT, with 589 of the original participants receiving a booster dose. In study B, 900 subjects between 2 and 29 years of age were randomly assigned to receive PsA-TT or PsACWY. Safety and reactogenicity were evaluated, and immunogenicity was assessed by measuring the activity of group A serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) with rabbit complement and performing an IgG group A-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results In study A, 96.0% of the subjects in the PsA-TT group and 63.7% of those in the PsACWY group had SBA titers that were at least four times as high as those at baseline; in study B, 78.2% of the subjects in the PsA-TT group and 46.2% of those in the PsACWY group had SBA titers that were at least four times as high as those at baseline. The geometric mean SBA titers in the PsA-TT groups in studies A and B were greater by factors of 16 and 3, respectively, than they were in the PsACWY groups (P<0.001). In study A, the PsA-TT group had higher antibody titers at week 40 than the PsACWY group and had obvious immunologic memory after receiving a polysaccharide booster vaccine. Safety profiles were similar across vaccine groups, although PsA-TT recipients were more likely than PsACWY recipients to have tenderness and induration at the vaccination site. Adverse events were consistent with age-specific morbidity in the study areas; no serious vaccine-related adverse events were reported. Conclusions The PsA-TT vaccine elicited a stronger response to group A antibody than the PsACWY vaccine. (Funded by the Meningitis Vaccine Project through a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Controlled-Trials.com numbers, ISRCTN78147026 and ISRCTN87739946.) C1 [Sow, Samba O.; Tapia, Milagritos; Haidara, Fadima Cheick; Diallo, Fatoumata] Ctr Dev Vaccins, Bamako, Mali. [Okoko, Brown J.; Akinsola, Adebayo K.; Adegbola, Richard A.; Idoko, Olubukola T.] MRC Labs, Basse, Gambia. [Diallo, Aldiouma; Arduin, Pascal; Diop, Doudou] Inst Rech Dev, Dakar, Senegal. [Viviani, Simonetta; Chaumont, Julie; Martellet, Lionel; Tang, Yuxiao; Marchetti, Elisa; LaForce, F. Marc] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Meningitis Vaccine Project, Ferney Voltaire, France. [Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Helen] Hlth Protect Agcy NW, Vaccine Evaluat Unit, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Carlone, George; Elie, Cheryl; Plikaytis, Brian D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parulekar, Varsha] DiagnoSearch Life Sci, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Kulkarni, Prasad S.] Serum Inst India, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Preziosi, Marie-Pierre] WHO, Initiat Vaccine Res, Meningitis Vaccine Project, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. RP Preziosi, MP (reprint author), WHO, Initiat Vaccine Res, Meningitis Vaccine Project, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM preziosim@who.int FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Supported by the Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP) through a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 37 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 8 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 16 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 24 BP 2293 EP 2304 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777RZ UT WOS:000291643800007 PM 21675889 ER PT J AU DeVries, AS Harper, J Murray, A Lexau, C Bahta, L Christensen, J Cebelinski, E Fuller, S Kline, S Wallace, GS Shaw, JH Burns, CC Lynfield, R AF DeVries, Aaron S. Harper, Jane Murray, Andrew Lexau, Catherine Bahta, Lynn Christensen, Jaime Cebelinski, Elizabeth Fuller, Susan Kline, Susan Wallace, Gregory S. Shaw, Jing H. Burns, Cara C. Lynfield, Ruth TI Vaccine-Derived Poliomyelitis 12 Years after Infection in Minnesota SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLIOVIRUS; ERADICATION; STRAIN AB A 44-year-old woman with long-standing common variable immunodeficiency who was receiving intravenous immune globulin suddenly had paralysis of all four limbs and the respiratory muscles, resulting in death. Type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus was isolated from stool. The viral capsid protein VP1 region had diverged from the vaccine strain at 12.3% of nucleotide positions, and the two attenuating substitutions had reverted to the wild-type sequence. Infection probably occurred 11.9 years earlier (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.9 to 13.2), when her child received the oral poliovirus vaccine. No secondary cases were identified among close contacts or 2038 screened health care workers. Patients with common variable immunodeficiency can be chronically infected with poliovirus, and poliomyelitis can develop despite treatment with intravenous immune globulin. C1 [DeVries, Aaron S.; Harper, Jane; Murray, Andrew; Lexau, Catherine; Bahta, Lynn; Christensen, Jaime; Cebelinski, Elizabeth; Fuller, Susan; Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Kline, Susan] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Wallace, Gregory S.; Shaw, Jing H.; Burns, Cara C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP DeVries, AS (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM aaron.devries@state.mn.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U01CI000313] FX Supported in part by a grant (3U01CI000313) from the Emerging Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 16 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 24 BP 2316 EP 2323 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777RZ UT WOS:000291643800009 PM 21675890 ER PT J AU Adler-Moore, J Munoz, M Kim, H Romero, J Tumpey, T Zeng, H Petro, C Ernst, W Kosina, S Jimenez, G Fujii, G AF Adler-Moore, Jill Munoz, Meilen Kim, Hana Romero, Juan Tumpey, Terrence Zeng, Hui Petro, Chris Ernst, William Kosina, Suzie Jimenez, Gretchen Fujii, Gary TI Characterization of the murine Th2 response to immunization with liposomal M2e influenza vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza virus; M2e; Liposomal vaccine; Anti-M2e antibodies; Cytokine profile ID A VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MATRIX PROTEIN-2; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; DNA VACCINE; MICE; PROTECTION; CHALLENGE; REPLICATION; INFECTION AB While the current influenza vaccine strategy is dependent on eliciting neutralizing antibodies to the hemagglutinin (Hot HA) surface glycoprotein, antigenic drifts and occasional antigenic shifts necessitate constant surveillance and annual updates to the vaccine components. The ectodomain of the matrix 2 (M2e) channel protein has been proposed as a universal vaccine candidate, although it has not yet been shown to elicit neutralizing antibodies. Utilizing a liposome-based vaccine technology, an M2e vaccine (L-M2e-HD/MPL) was tested and shown to stimulate the production of anti-M2e antibodies which precipitated with whole virus and inhibited viral cell lysis by multiple type A strains of influenza virus using a novel in vitro assay. The anti-M2e antibodies also conferred complete protection following passive transfer from L-M2e-HD/MPL vaccinated mice to naive mice challenged with HI NI virus. Significantly higher levels of IL-4 compared to IFN-gamma were secreted by the splenocytes of L-M2e-HD/MPL vaccinated mice incubated with M2e. In addition, depletion of CD4 cells or CD4 cells plus CD8 cells from L-M2e-HD/MPL vaccinated mice using monoclonal antibodies markedly decreased the level of protection of the vaccine when compared to just CD8 depletion of L-M2e-HD/MPL vaccinated mice. These results suggest that the protective immune response elicited by this vaccine is mediated primarily by a Th2 mechanism. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Adler-Moore, Jill] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Tumpey, Terrence; Zeng, Hui] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ernst, William; Kosina, Suzie; Jimenez, Gretchen; Fujii, Gary] Mol Express Inc, Rancho Dominguez, CA 90220 USA. RP Adler-Moore, J (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, 3801 W Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. EM jpadler@csupomona.edu RI Kosina, Suzanne/I-5331-2016 OI Kosina, Suzanne/0000-0003-2885-1248 FU NIH [U01AI074508, R43AI078654]; California State University Agricultural Research Initiative FX This work was partially supported by grants from: NIH - U01AI074508 (PI-Fujii); NIH - R43AI078654 (PI-Fujii); California State University Agricultural Research Initiative (PI-Adler-Moore). NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 27 BP 4460 EP 4468 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.040 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 792DN UT WOS:000292720800005 PM 21545821 ER PT J AU Pierce, CL Williams, TL Moura, H Pirkle, JL Cox, NJ Stevens, J Donis, RO Barr, JR AF Pierce, Carrie L. Williams, Tracie L. Moura, Hercules Pirkle, James L. Cox, Nancy J. Stevens, James Donis, Ruben O. Barr, John R. TI Quantification of Immunoreactive Viral Influenza Proteins by Immunoaffinity Capture and Isotope-Dilution Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-RADIAL-IMMUNODIFFUSION; LETHAL FACTOR; WHOLE VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; VACCINES; ASSAY; ANTIBODY; SURFACTANT; DIGESTION; ANTHRAX AB An immunocapture isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IC-IDMS) method was developed to quantify antibody-bound influenza hemagglutinins (HA) in trivalent influenza vaccines (TIV). Currently, regulatory potency requirements for TIV require HA quantification based on the single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay, which is time-consuming, laborious, and requires production of large quantities of reagents globally. In IC-IDMS, antiserum to the HA of interest captured viral proteins that were in the correct conformation to be recognized by the antibodies. The captured proteins were digested, and evolutionarily conserved tryptic peptides were quantified using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. IC-IDMS relies on antibody-antigen binding similar to SRID but incorporates the accuracy and precision of IDMS. Polyclonal antibodies (pAb-H3) prepared by injection of sheep with purified H3 HA captured 82.9% (55.26 fmol/mu L) of the total H3 HA (66.69 fmol/mu L) from the commercial TIV and 93.6% (57.23 fmol/mu L) of the total H3 HA (61.14 fmol/mu L) in purified virus. While other HA (H1, B), neuraminidase (N1, N2, NB), viral matrix proteins, and nucleoproteins were also captured by this antiserum, our results were not affected due to the specificity of the mass spectrometer. IC-IDMS is an accurate, precise, sensitive, and selective method to measure antibody-bound HA in purified virus and commercial vaccines. C1 [Pierce, Carrie L.; Williams, Tracie L.; Moura, Hercules; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cox, Nancy J.; Stevens, James; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JBarr@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 12 BP 4729 EP 4737 DI 10.1021/ac2006526 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 775YP UT WOS:000291499800020 PM 21591780 ER PT J AU Sharma, K Tripathi, S Ranjan, P Kumar, P Garten, R Deyde, V Katz, JM Cox, NJ Lal, RB Sambhara, S Lal, SK AF Sharma, Kulbhushan Tripathi, Shashank Ranjan, Priya Kumar, Purnima Garten, Rebecca Deyde, Varough Katz, Jacqueline M. Cox, Nancy J. Lal, Renu B. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Lal, Sunil K. TI Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein Exploits Hsp40 to Inhibit PKR Activation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; KAPPA-B KINASE; NS1 PROTEIN; CELLULAR INHIBITOR; CHAPERONE FUNCTION; INITIATION-FACTOR; NUCLEAR EXPORT; RNA; INTERFERON; REPLICATION AB Background: Double-stranded RNA dependent protein kinase (PKR) is a key regulator of the anti-viral innate immune response in mammalian cells. PKR activity is regulated by a 58 kilo Dalton cellular inhibitor (P58(IPK)), which is present in inactive state as a complex with Hsp40 under normal conditions. In case of influenza A virus (IAV) infection, P58(IPK) is known to dissociate from Hsp40 and inhibit PKR activation. However the influenza virus component responsible for PKR inhibition through P58(IPK) activation was hitherto unknown. Principal Findings: Human heat shock 40 protein (Hsp40) was identified as an interacting partner of Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (IAV NP) using a yeast two-hybrid screen. This interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation studies from mammalian cells transfected with IAV NP expressing plasmid. Further, the IAV NP-Hsp40 interaction was validated in mammalian cells infected with various seasonal and pandemic strains of influenza viruses. Cellular localization studies showed that NP and Hsp40 co-localize primarily in the nucleus. During IAV infection in mammalian cells, expression of NP coincided with the dissociation of P58(IPK) from Hsp40 and decrease PKR phosphorylation. We observed that, plasmid based expression of NP in mammalian cells leads to decrease in PKR phosphorylation. Furthermore, inhibition of NP expression during influenza virus replication led to PKR activation and concomitant increase in eIF2 alpha phosphorylation. Inhibition of NP expression also led to reduced IRF3 phosphorylation, enhanced IFN beta production and concomitant reduction of virus replication. Taken together our data suggest that NP is the viral factor responsible for P58(IPK) activation and subsequent inhibition of PKR-mediated host response during IAV infection. Significance: Our findings demonstrate a novel role of IAV NP in inhibiting PKR-mediated anti-viral host response and help us understand P58(IPK) mediated inhibition of PKR activity during IAV infection. C1 [Sharma, Kulbhushan; Tripathi, Shashank; Kumar, Purnima; Lal, Sunil K.] Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Virol Grp, New Delhi, India. [Ranjan, Priya; Garten, Rebecca; Deyde, Varough; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Cox, Nancy J.; Lal, Renu B.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sharma, K (reprint author), Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Virol Grp, New Delhi, India. EM sunillal@icgeb.res.in OI Tripp, Ralph/0000-0002-2924-9956 FU ICGEB (International Centre for Genetic Engineering Biotechnology); Department of Biotechnology, Government of India; Centre for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta FX This work was supported by internal funds from ICGEB (International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology), a grant from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India and a training grant from the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20215 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020215 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 778TS UT WOS:000291730000009 PM 21698289 ER PT J AU Morgan, MK Jones, PA Calafat, AM Ye, XY Croghan, CW Chuang, JC Wilson, NK Clifton, MS Figueroa, Z Sheldon, LS AF Morgan, Marsha K. Jones, Paul A. Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Croghan, Carry W. Chuang, Jane C. Wilson, Nancy K. Clifton, Matthew S. Figueroa, Zaida Sheldon, Linda S. TI Assessing the Quantitative Relationships between Preschool Children's Exposures to Bisphenol A by Route and Urinary Biomonitoring SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; DAY-CARE; AGGREGATE EXPOSURES; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; CANNED FOODS; PHENOLS; RISK; BPA; MIGRATION AB Limited published information exists on young children's exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) in the United States using urinary biomonitoring. In a previous project, we quantified the aggregate exposures of 257 preschool children to BPA in environmental and personal media over 48-h periods in 2000-2001 at homes and daycares in North Carolina and Ohio. In the present study for 81 Ohio preschool children ages 23-64 months, we quantified the children's urinary total BPA (free and conjugated) concentrations over these same 48-h periods in 2001. Then, we examined the quantitative relationships between the children's intakes doses of BPA through the dietary ingestion, nondietary ingestion, and inhalation routes and their excreted amounts of urinary BPA. BPA was detected in 100% of the urine samples. The estimated median intake doses of BPA for these 81 children were 109 ng/kg/day (dietary ingestion), 0.06 ng/kg/day (nondietary ingestion), and 0.27 ng/kg/day (inhalation); their estimated median excreted amount of urinary BPA was 114 ng/kg/day. Our multivariable regression model showed that dietary intake of BPA (p = 0.04) and creatinine concentration (p = 0.004) were significant predictors of urinary BPA excretion, collectively explaining 17% of the variability in excretion. Dietary ingestion of BPA accounted for >95% of the children's excreted amounts of urinary BPA. C1 [Morgan, Marsha K.; Jones, Paul A.; Croghan, Carry W.; Clifton, Matthew S.; Sheldon, Linda S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chuang, Jane C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Wilson, Nancy K.] Battelle Mem Inst, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Figueroa, Zaida] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Morgan, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. EM morgan.marsha@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D-99-011] FX We thank Amber Bishop and Jack Reidy for the measurements of BPA. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. Predisclaimer: The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under Contract #68-D-99-011 to Battelle. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 43 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 12 BP 5309 EP 5316 DI 10.1021/es200537u PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 774YH UT WOS:000291422200037 PM 21612268 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Hannan, CJ Pan, LP AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Hannan, Casey J. Pan, Liping TI Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults With Arthritis-United States, 2003-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 509-513, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.; Helmick, Charles G.; Hannan, Casey J.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pan, Liping] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hootman, JM (reprint author), CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 23 BP 2404 EP 2405 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777EB UT WOS:000291597300009 ER PT J AU Tiwari, T Clark, TA Messonnier, NE Thomas, CG AF Tiwari, T. Clark, T. A. Messonnier, N. E. Thomas, C. G. TI Tetanus Surveillance-United States, 2001-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 365-369, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Tiwari, T.; Clark, T. A.; Messonnier, N. E.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thomas, C. G.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tiwari, T (reprint author), CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ttiwari@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 23 BP 2406 EP 2408 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777EB UT WOS:000291597300010 ER PT J AU Green, MK Harrison, R Leinenkugel, K Nguyen, CB Towle, M Schoonover, T Bunn, T Northwood, J Pratt, SG Myers, JR AF Green, Mandy K. Harrison, Robert Leinenkugel, Kathy Nguyen, Claire B. Towle, Meredith Schoonover, Todd Bunn, Terry Northwood, Joyce Pratt, Stephanie G. Myers, John R. TI Occupational Highway Transportation Deaths-United States, 2003-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 497-502, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID CRASHES C1 [Pratt, Stephanie G.; Myers, John R.] NIOSH, Div Safety Res, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Nguyen, Claire B.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK 73117 USA. [Schoonover, Todd] Washington State Dept Labor & Ind, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Bunn, Terry] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Northwood, Joyce] US Bur Labor Stat, US Dept Labor, Washington, DC 20212 USA. RP Myers, JR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Safety Res, CDC, Washington, DC USA. EM jrmyers@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 23 BP 2408 EP 2410 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 777EB UT WOS:000291597300011 ER PT J AU Ahmed, R Buckland, M Davies, L Halmagyi, GM Rogers, SL Oberste, S Barnett, MH AF Ahmed, Rebekah Buckland, Michael Davies, Leo Halmagyi, G. Michael Rogers, Shannon L. Oberste, Steven Barnett, Michael H. TI Enterovirus 71 meningoencephalitis complicating rituximab therapy SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Enterovirus 71; Encephalitis; Rituximab; Monoclonal antibody ID ANTI-CD20 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DIRECT IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; SEROTYPES; LYMPHOMA AB We describe a fatal case of proven enterovirus 71 meningoencephalitis complicating monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. B-cell depletion, an effective treatment strategy in an expanding spectrum of hematological and inflammatory disorders, impairs neutralising antibody-mediated clearance of enterovirus. The global threat of emerging neurotropic viruses such as enterovirus 71 is heightened by an increasing pool of susceptible individuals in non-endemic regions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ahmed, Rebekah; Davies, Leo; Halmagyi, G. Michael; Barnett, Michael H.] Univ Sydney, Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Inst Clin Neurosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Buckland, Michael] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Neuropathol, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Rogers, Shannon L.; Oberste, Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barnett, MH (reprint author), Brain & Mind Res Inst, Lvl 4,94 Mallett St, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. EM mbarnett@mail.usyd.edu.au NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 1-2 BP 149 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2011.03.009 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 773SN UT WOS:000291330800028 PM 21444094 ER PT J AU Bishop, AM Fernandez, C Whitehead, RD Morales, P Barr, DB Wilder, LC Baker, SE AF Bishop, Amanda M. Fernandez, Carolina Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr. Morales-A, Pilar Barr, Dana Boyd Wilder, Lynn C. Baker, Samuel E. TI Quantification of riboflavin in human urine using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Riboflavin; Human urine; Surrogate; HPLC-MS/MS AB We developed a selective method to measure riboflavin in human urine. Sample preparation involved solid phase extraction and concentration of the target analyte in urine. The urine concentrate was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Riboflavin concentrations were quantified using an isotopically labeled internal standard. The limit of detection was 11 ng/mL, and the linear range was 4.4-20,000 ng/mL. The relative standard deviation at 100, 1000, and 5000 ng/mL was 17%, 17%, and 12%. respectively. The accuracy was 90%. On average, 100 samples, including calibration standards and quality control samples, were prepared per day. Using our method, we measured concentrations of riboflavin in human urine samples that were collected from participants in a study where riboflavin was used as a surrogate chemical to simulate exposure to an environmental toxicant. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bishop, Amanda M.; Fernandez, Carolina; Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr.; Morales-A, Pilar; Baker, Samuel E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Health, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bishop, Amanda M.; Fernandez, Carolina; Morales-A, Pilar] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Wilder, Lynn C.] Agcy Toxic Subst Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Baker, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Health, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sab6@cdc.gov RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 879 IS 20 BP 1823 EP 1826 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.04.032 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 784RY UT WOS:000292177100016 PM 21612990 ER PT J AU Schieltz, DM McGrath, SC McWilliams, LG Rees, J Bowen, MD Kools, JJ Dauphin, LA Gomez-Saladin, E Newton, BN Stang, HL Vick, MJ Thomas, J Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Schieltz, David M. McGrath, Sara C. McWilliams, Lisa G. Rees, Jon Bowen, Michael D. Kools, John J. Dauphin, Leslie A. Gomez-Saladin, Eduardo Newton, Bruce N. Stang, Heather L. Vick, Michael J. Thomas, Jerry Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Analysis of active ricin and castor bean proteins in a ricin preparation, castor bean extract, and surface swabs from a public health investigation SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Ricin; RCA120; Mass spectrometry; Database search; Proteomic analysis ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; A-CHAIN; MS/MS; RNA; IMMUNOAFFINITY; MECHANISM AB In late February 2008, law enforcement officials in Las Vegas, Nevada, discovered in a hotel room, a copy of The Anarchist Cookbook, suspected castor beans and a "white powder" thought to be a preparation of ricin. Ricin is a deadly toxin from the seed of the castor bean plant (Ricinus communis). The United States regulates the possession, use, and transfer of ricin and it is the only substance considered a warfare agent in both the Chemical and the Biological Weapons Conventions. Six samples obtained from the hotel room were analyzed by laboratories at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention using a panel of biological and mass spectrometric assays. The biological assays (real time-PCR, time resolved fluorescence and cytotoxicity) provided presumptive evidence of active ricin in each of the samples. This initial screen was followed by an in-depth analysis using a novel, state-of-the-art mass spectrometry-based ricin functional assay and high sensitivity tandem mass spectrometry for protein identification. Mass spectrometric analysis positively identified ricin and confirmed that in each of the samples it was enzymatically active. The tandem mass spectrometry analysis used here is the most selective method available to detect ricin toxin. In each sample, ricin was unequivocally identified along with other R. communis plant proteins, including the highly homologous protein RCA120. Although database searches using tandem mass spectra acquired from the samples indicated that additional controlled substances were not present in these samples, the mass spectrometric results did provide extensive detail about the sample contents. To the best of our knowledge following a review of the available literature, this report describes the most detailed analysis of a white powder for a public health or forensic investigation involving ricin. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Schieltz, David M.; McGrath, Sara C.; Rees, Jon; Thomas, Jerry; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McWilliams, Lisa G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bowen, Michael D.; Kools, John J.; Dauphin, Leslie A.; Gomez-Saladin, Eduardo; Newton, Bruce N.; Stang, Heather L.; Vick, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bioterrorism Rapid Response & Adv Technol Lab, Div Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI McGrath, Sara/0000-0003-4773-4784 NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 209 IS 1-3 BP 70 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.12.013 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 769QU UT WOS:000291034100020 PM 21251774 ER PT J AU Finelli, L Chaves, SS AF Finelli, Lyn Chaves, Sandra S. TI Influenza and Acute Myocardial Infarction SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; UNITED-STATES; REDUCED RISK; VACCINATION; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; EVENTS C1 [Finelli, Lyn; Chaves, Sandra S.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Finelli, L (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A 32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lyf8@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 12 BP 1701 EP + DI 10.1093/infdis/jir175 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 770BO UT WOS:000291062200001 PM 21606526 ER PT J AU Chase, AJ Medina, FA Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Chase, Amanda J. Medina, Freddy A. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI Impairment of CD4(+) T Cell Polarization by Dengue Virus-Infected Dendritic Cells SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-ALPHA; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; CAPSID PROTEIN; I INTERFERON; DC-SIGN; VACCINE; RESPONSES; FEVER; TRANSMISSION; REPLICATION AB Methods. In order to ascertain the stimulatory capacity of primary human monocyte-derived DCs infected with wild-type DENV isolates, representing a range of genotypes and disease outcomes, we cocultured infected DCs with allogeneic-naive CD4(+) T cells. The gene expression patterns of IFN-alpha/beta sensitive genes were quantitated to determine if the infected DCs displayed a blunted IFN-alpha/beta response. Results. DENV-infected DCs induced the initial proliferation of naive CD4(+) T cells but they remained nonpolarized in effector function. The expression of IFN-alpha/beta-stimulated genes was downregulated, revealing that the inhibition of IFN-alpha/beta signaling is conserved among endemic DENV serotype 2 strains. Conclusions. The failure of naive CD4(+) T cells to differentiate into IFN gamma-producing effector T cells when primed by DENV-infected DCs cannot be explained solely by a block in IFN-alpha/beta signaling, suggesting that the ability of DENV to evade the early host response is multifaceted. C1 [Medina, Freddy A.; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Chase, Amanda J.] Georgia Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA. [Chase, Amanda J.] State Univ, Milledgeville, GA USA. RP Munoz-Jordan, JL (reprint author), CDC Dengue Branch, Mol Diagnost & Res Lab, 1324 Canada St, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM ckq2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); U.S. Department of Energy and CDC FX This research was supported in part by an appointment (A. J. C.) to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and an appointment (F. A. M. and A. J. C.) to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent the official views of the CDC, APHL, or ORISE. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 12 BP 1763 EP 1774 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir197 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 770BO UT WOS:000291062200010 PM 21606535 ER PT J AU Honore, PA Fos, PJ Wang, XY Moonesinghe, R AF Honore, Peggy A. Fos, Peter J. Wang, Xueyuan Moonesinghe, Ramal TI The effects on population health status of using dedicated property taxes to fund local public health agencies SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Background: In the United States, a dedicated property tax describes the legal authority given to a local jurisdiction to levy and collect a tax for a specific purpose. We investigated for an association of locally dedicated property taxes to fund local public health agencies and improved health status in the eight states designated as the Mississippi Delta Region. Methods: We analyzed the difference in health outcomes of counties with and without a dedicated public health tax after adjusting for a set of control variables using regression models for county level data from 720 counties of the Mississippi Delta Region. Results: Levying a dedicated public health tax for counties with per capita income above $28,000 is associated with improved health outcomes of those counties when compared to counties without a dedicated property tax for public health. Alternatively, levying a dedicated property tax in counties with lower per capita income is associated with poor health outcomes. Conclusions: There are both positive and negative consequences of using dedicated property taxes to fund public health. Policymakers should carefully examine both the positive association of improved health outcomes and negative impact of taxation on poor populations before authorizing the use of dedicated local property tax levies to fund public health agencies. C1 [Honore, Peggy A.; Wang, Xueyuan] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Fos, Peter J.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hlth Policy & Syst Management Program, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Honore, PA (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Community Hlth Sci, 118 Coll Dr, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM peggy.honore@usm.edu FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX This study was funded with support to the University of Southern Mississippi from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 14 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 471 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-471 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 796AY UT WOS:000293023800001 PM 21672231 ER PT J AU Gurley, ES Parveen, S Islam, MS Hossain, MJ Nahar, N Homaira, N Sultana, R Sejvar, JJ Rahman, M Luby, SP AF Gurley, Emily S. Parveen, Shahana Islam, M. Saiful Hossain, M. Jahangir Nahar, Nazmun Homaira, Nusrat Sultana, Rebeca Sejvar, James J. Rahman, Mahmudur Luby, Stephen P. TI Family and community concerns about post-mortem needle biopsies in a Muslim society SO BMC MEDICAL ETHICS LA English DT Article DE post-mortem; Bangladesh; needle biopsy; outbreak; diagnosis; informed consent ID INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; RURAL BANGLADESH; CHILDHOOD DEATHS; INFORMED-CONSENT; VIRUS-INFECTION; CARE-SEEKING; NIPAH VIRUS; PNEUMONIAE INFECTION; CLINICAL SPECIMENS AB Background: Post-mortem needle biopsies have been used in resource-poor settings to determine cause of death and there is interest in using them in Bangladesh. However, we did not know how families and communities would perceive this procedure or how they would decide whether or not to consent to a post-mortem needle biopsy. The goal of this study was to better understand family and community concerns and decision-making about post-mortem needle biopsies in this low-income, predominantly Muslim country in order to design an informed consent process. Methods: We conducted 16 group discussions with family members of persons who died during an outbreak of Nipah virus illness during 2004-2008 and 11 key informant interviews with their community and religious leaders. Qualitative researchers first described the post-mortem needle biopsy procedure and asked participants whether they would have agreed to this procedure during the outbreak. Researchers probed participants about the circumstances under which the procedure would be acceptable, if any, their concerns about the procedure, and how they would decide whether or not to consent to the procedure. Results: Overall, most participants agreed that post-mortem needle biopsies would be acceptable in some situations, particularly if they benefitted society. This procedure was deemed more acceptable than full autopsy because it would not require major delays in burial or remove organs, and did not require cutting or stitching of the body. It could be performed before the ritual bathing of the body in either the community or hospital setting. However, before consent would be granted for such a procedure, the research team must gain the trust of the family and community which could be difficult. Although consent may only be provided by the guardians of the body, decisions about consent for the procedure would involve extended family and community and religious leaders. Conclusions: The possible acceptability of this procedure during outbreaks represents an important opportunity to better characterize cause of death in Bangladesh which could lead to improved public health interventions to prevent these deaths. Obstacles for research teams will include engaging all major stakeholders in decision-making and quickly building a trusting relationship with the family and community, which will be difficult given the short window of time prior to the ritual bathing of the body. C1 [Gurley, Emily S.; Parveen, Shahana; Islam, M. Saiful; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Nahar, Nazmun; Homaira, Nusrat; Sultana, Rebeca; Luby, Stephen P.] Bangladesh ICDDR B, Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Sejvar, James J.; Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rahman, Mahmudur] Govt Bangladesh, Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res IEDCR, Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RP Gurley, ES (reprint author), Bangladesh ICDDR B, Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, GPO 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM egurley@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U51CI000298-05] FX This research protocol was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), grant number_5U51CI000298-05. ICDDR, B acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC to the Centre's research efforts. We thank Nasrin Akter, Momtaz Begum, Dawlat Khan, Mahbub -Ul Alam, Tania Naushin, and N.M. Rabiul Awal Chowdhury for their hard work in collecting and processing data for this study. We are indebted to the families and community and religious leaders who gave us their valuable time and attention. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6939 J9 BMC MED ETHICS JI BMC Med. Ethics PD JUN 13 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 10 DI 10.1186/1472-6939-12-10 PG 11 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 793NX UT WOS:000292831500001 PM 21668979 ER PT J AU Zahner, D Gandhi, AR Stuchlik, O Reed, M Pohl, J Stephens, DS AF Zaehner, Dorothea Gandhi, Ashish R. Stuchlik, Olga Reed, Matthew Pohl, Jan Stephens, David S. TI Pilus backbone protein PitB of Streptococcus pneumoniae contains stabilizing intramolecular isopeptide bonds SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Fimbrial protein; Intramolecular cross-link; Proteolytic stability; Thermal stability; Mass spectrometry ID CORYNEBACTERIUM-DIPHTHERIAE; SURFACE PROTEIN; CELL-WALL; PYOGENES; ADHESION; LINKAGE; REGION; DOMAIN; M3 AB Streptococcus pneumoniae type 2 pili are recently identified fimbrial structures extending from the bacterial surface and formed by polymers of the structural protein PitB. Intramolecular isopeptide bonds are a characteristic of the related pilus backbone protein Spy0128 of group A streptococci. Based on the identification of conserved residues in PitB, we predicted two intramolecular isopeptide bonds in PitB. Using a combination of tandem mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing, we show that these bonds were formed between Lys(63)-Asn(214) and Lys(243)-Asn(372) in PitB. Mutant proteins lacking the intramolecular isopeptide bonds retained the proteolytic stability observed with the wild type protein. However, absence of these bonds substantially decreased the melting temperature of the PitB-derivatives, indicating a stabilizing function of these bonds in PitB of the pneumococcal type 2 pilus. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zaehner, Dorothea; Gandhi, Ashish R.; Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stuchlik, Olga; Reed, Matthew; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Zaehner, Dorothea; Stephens, David S.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr Atlanta, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. RP Zahner, D (reprint author), VA Med Ctr Atlanta, Res Serv 151, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. EM dzahner@emory.edu RI Stephens, David/A-8788-2012 FU NIH [R01AI 070829]; Dept. of Veterans Affairs FX We thank Dr. Christian Klein (Bruker Daltonics) for his help with interpretation of ESI-MS/MS data of the crosslinks and Dr. Fred Strobel of the Department of Chemistry (Emory University) for exact mass determinations by ESI MS. This work was supported by funds from NIH Grant #R01AI 070829 (DSS) and a VA Merit Award from the Dept. of Veterans Affairs (DSS). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 3 BP 526 EP 531 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.038 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 783CQ UT WOS:000292059500029 PM 21600877 ER PT J AU Waiboci, LW Lebo, E Williamson, JM Mwiti, W Kikwai, GK Njuguna, H Olack, B Breiman, RF Njenga, MK Katz, MA AF Waiboci, Lilian W. Lebo, Emmaculate Williamson, John M. Mwiti, William Kikwai, Gilbert K. Njuguna, Henry Olack, Beatrice Breiman, Robert F. Njenga, M. Kariuki Katz, Mark A. TI Viral Shedding in Patients Infected with Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Kenya, 2009 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; HUMANS; LOAD AB Background: Understanding shedding patterns of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) can inform recommendations about infection control measures. We evaluated the duration of pH1N1 virus shedding in patients in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: Nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) specimens were collected from consenting laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 cases every 2 days during October 14-November 25, 2009, and tested at the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention-Kenya by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). A subset of rRT-PCR-positive samples was cultured. Results: Of 285 NP/OP specimens from patients with acute respiratory illness, 140 (49%) tested positive for pH1N1 by rRT-PCR; 106 (76%) patients consented and were enrolled. The median age was 6 years (Range: 4 months-41 years); only two patients, both asthmatic, received oseltamivir. The median duration of pH1N1 detection after illness onset was 8 days (95% CI: 7-10 days) for rRT-PCR and 3 days (Range: 0-13 days) for viral isolation. Viable pH1N1 virus was isolated from 132/162 (81%) of rRT-PCR-positive specimens, which included 118/125 (94%) rRT-PCR-positive specimens collected on day 0-7 after symptoms onset. Viral RNA was detectable in 18 (17%) and virus isolated in 7/18 (39%) of specimens collected from patients after all their symptoms had resolved. Conclusions: In this cohort, pH1N1 was detected by rRT-PCR for a median of 8 days. There was a strong correlation between rRT-PCR results and virus isolation in the first week of illness. In some patients, pH1N1 virus was detectable after all their symptoms had resolved. C1 [Waiboci, Lilian W.; Mwiti, William; Kikwai, Gilbert K.; Njuguna, Henry; Olack, Beatrice] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Katz, Mark A.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis NCIRD, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Waiboci, LW (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. EM lwaiboci@ke.cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The research was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20320 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020320 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777JU UT WOS:000291612600008 PM 21695203 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Fry, AM Muangchana, C Sanasuttipun, W Baggett, HC Chunsuttiwat, S Maloney, SA Simmerman, JM AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Fry, Alicia M. Muangchana, Charung Sanasuttipun, Wiwan Baggett, Henry C. Chunsuttiwat, Supamit Maloney, Susan A. Simmerman, James Mark TI A method for estimating vaccine-preventable pediatric influenza pneumonia hospitalizations in developing countries: Thailand as a case study SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Child; Infant ID LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; INFANTS; EFFICACY; AGE; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; COVERAGE AB The burden of influenza in children is increasingly appreciated; some middle-income countries are considering support for influenza vaccine programs. To support decision-making, methods to estimate the potential impact of proposed programs are needed. Using Thailand as a case-study, we present a model that uses surveillance data, published vaccine effectiveness estimates, and vaccination coverage assumptions to estimate the impact of influenza vaccination on pediatric influenza pneumonia hospitalizations. Approximately 56,000 influenza pneumonia hospitalizations occur annually among children aged <18 years in Thailand; 23,700(41%) may be vaccine-preventable. Vaccination of 85% of Thai children aged 7 months-4 years might prevent 30% of all pediatric influenza pneumonia hospitalizations in Thailand. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Work Force & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Fry, Alicia M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sanasuttipun, Wiwan; Baggett, Henry C.; Maloney, Susan A.; Simmerman, James Mark] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Work Force & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 26 BP 4416 EP 4421 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.099 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 787CG UT WOS:000292353600018 PM 21496470 ER PT J AU Maikai, BV Umoh, JU Kwaga, JKP Lawal, IA Maikai, VA Cama, V Xiao, LH AF Maikai, Beatty V. Umoh, Jalarth U. Kwaga, Jacob K. P. Lawal, Idris A. Maikai, Victor A. Cama, Vitaliano Xiao, Lihua TI Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in native breeds of cattle in Kaduna State, Nigeria SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Molecular epidemiology; Cattle; Nigeria; Zoonosis ID DEER-LIKE GENOTYPE; COW-CALF OPERATIONS; DAIRY-CATTLE; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; CALVES; BOVIS; BEEF AB Despite numerous molecular epidemiologic studies of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle in industrialized countries, there are very few studies on the diversity and public health significance of Cryptosporidium species in native cattle in developing countries. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene was used to detect and identify Ctyptosporidium spp. in 194 fecal specimens from 2 to 365 days old calves in 20 White Fulani and Sokoto Gudali herds in Nigeria. Thirty one (16.0%) of the specimens were positive for Cryptosporidium. Restriction digestion of the PCR products showed the presence of Cryptosporidium bovis (7.2%), Cryptosporidium ryanae (4.1%), Cryptosporidium andersoni (2.5%), and concurrent occurrence of C. bovis and C ryanae (1.5%), and C. bovis and C. andersoni (0.5%). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in Ctyptosporidium infection rates by sex, herd location, management system, breed of calves, or fecal consistency. However, calves 180 days or younger had a higher infection rate of Cryptosporidium than older calves (p = 0.034). Likewise, younger calves also had higher occurrence of C. bovis and C. ryanae (p = 0.022). The absence of zoonotic Cryptosporidium parvum in the calves studied suggests that native breeds of cattle may not be important in the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Maikai, Beatty V.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maikai, Beatty V.; Umoh, Jalarth U.; Kwaga, Jacob K. P.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Zaria, Nigeria. [Lawal, Idris A.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Parasitol & Entomol, Zaria, Nigeria. [Maikai, Victor A.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Coll Agr & Anim Sci, Kaduna, Nigeria. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA FX This work was supported in part by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. We thank Theresa Dearen for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 3-4 BP 241 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.048 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781AB UT WOS:000291901900006 PM 21277091 ER PT J AU Khan, SM Debnath, C Pramanik, AK Xiao, LH Nozaki, T Ganguly, S AF Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor Debnath, Chanchal Pramanik, Amiya Kumar Xiao, Lihua Nozaki, Tomoyoshi Ganguly, Sandipan TI Molecular evidence for zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis among dairy farm workers in West Bengal, India SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Giardia duodenalis; Cattle; Dairy farm workers; Zoonoses; India; Genotyping ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; CALVES; GENOTYPES; PREVALENCE; CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; DIARRHEA; ANIMALS; GENE AB No study in the past has examined the genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in India. To assess the importance of these animals as a source of human G. duodenalis infections and determine the epidemiology of bovine giardiasis in India, fecal samples from 180 calves, heifers and adults and 51 dairy farm workers on two dairy farms in West Bengal, India were genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis of the p-giardin gene of G. duodenalis followed by DNA sequencing of the nested PCR products. The overall prevalence of G. duodenalis in cattle was 12.2% (22/180), the infection being more prevalent in younger calves than in adult cattle. Zoonotic G. duodenalis Assemblage A1 was identified in both calves and workers although the most prevalent genotype detected in cattle was a novel Assemblage E subgenotype. These findings clearly suggest that there is a potential risk of zoonotic transmission of G. duodenalis infections between cattle and humans on dairy farms in India. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor; Ganguly, Sandipan] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Div Parasitol, Scheme XM, Kolkata 700010, W Bengal, India. [Khan, Shahbaz Manzoor; Debnath, Chanchal; Pramanik, Amiya Kumar] W Bengal Univ Anim & Fishery Sci, Kolkata 700037, W Bengal, India. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nozaki, Tomoyoshi] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Parasitol, Tokyo, Japan. RP Ganguly, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Div Parasitol, Scheme XM, P-33,CIT Rd, Kolkata 700010, W Bengal, India. EM sandipanganguly@hotmail.com RI khan, raja/B-5726-2012; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Okayama University Program of Founding Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Japan Health Sciences Foundation; US Embassy in India and Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease and Disease Surveillance (ERIDDS), USA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA FX This study was supported partially by grants from (i) Okayama University Program of Founding Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, (ii) The Japan Health Sciences Foundation and (iii) US Embassy in India and Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease and Disease Surveillance (ERIDDS), USA and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA. The authors acknowledge Prof. Y. Takeda and Dr. G.B. Nair for their constructive suggestions and critical review and Mr. Avik Kumar Mukherjee and Mr. Arjun Ghosh for their technical discussion during this study; and Debarati Ganguly of Calcutta University for her careful proof reading and correction of English in the manuscript. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 3-4 BP 342 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.029 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781AB UT WOS:000291901900020 PM 21324592 ER PT J AU Powell, RD Whitworth, WC Bernardo, J Moonan, PK Mazurek, GH AF Powell, Richard D., III Whitworth, William C. Bernardo, John Moonan, Patrick K. Mazurek, Gerald H. TI Unusual Interferon Gamma Measurements with QuantiFERON-TB Gold and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Tests SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; RELEASE ASSAYS; UNITED-STATES; IFN-GAMMA; SKIN-TEST; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIGENS; DISEASE AB Introduction: Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) release assays, such as QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold test (QFT-G) and QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) are designed to detect M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Recognition of unusual IFN-gamma measurements may help indicate inaccurate results. Methods: We examined QFT-G and QFT-GIT results from subjects who had two or more tests completed. We classified unusual IFN-gamma measurements as: 1) High Nil Concentration (HNC) when IFN-gamma concentration in plasma from unstimulated blood exceeded 0.7 IU/mL; 2) Low Mitogen Response (LMR) when Mitogen Response was <0.5 IU/mL; 3) Very Low Mitogen Response (VLMR) when Mitogen Response was <=-0.5 IU/mL; and 4) Very Low Antigen Response (VLAR) when the response to a Mtb antigen was <=-0.35 IU/mL and <=-0.5 times the IFN-gamma concentration in plasma from unstimulated blood. Results: Among 5,309 results from 1,728 subjects, HNC occurred in 234 (4.4%) tests for 162 subjects, LMR in 108 (2.0%) tests for 85 subjects, VLMR in 22 (0.4%) tests for 21 subjects, and VLAR in 41 (0.8%) tests for 39 subjects. QFT-GIT had fewer HNC, VLMR, and VLAR (p = 0.042, 0.004, and 0.067 respectively); QFT-G had fewer LMR (p = 0.005). Twenty-four (51.6%) of 47 subjects with positive results and HNC were negative or indeterminate by all other tests. Thirteen (61.9%) of 21 subjects with positive results and LMR were negative or indeterminate by all other tests. Conclusion: Unusual IFN-gamma measurements including HNC, LMR, VLMR, and VLAR were encountered in small numbers, and in most instances were not seen on simultaneously or subsequently performed tests. To avoid erroneous diagnosis of Mtb infection, IGRAs with unusual IFN-gamma measurements should be repeated with another blood sample and interpreted with caution if they recur. C1 [Powell, Richard D., III; Whitworth, William C.; Moonan, Patrick K.; Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bernardo, John] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Pulm, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Powell, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gym6@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065; Bernardo, John/0000-0002-3922-0559 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20061 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020061 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777JJ UT WOS:000291611500007 PM 21687702 ER PT J AU Rowland, JH Mariotto, A Alfano, CM Pollack, LA Weir, HK White, A AF Rowland, J. H. Mariotto, A. Alfano, C. M. Pollack, L. A. Weir, H. K. White, A. TI Cancer Survivors-United States, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 269, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PREVALENCE C1 [Rowland, J. H.; Mariotto, A.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [White, A.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rowland, JH (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 22 BP 2281 EP 2282 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 773YV UT WOS:000291349100006 ER PT J AU McKenna, M Hawk, E Mullen, J Hertz, M AF McKenna, M. Hawk, E. Mullen, J. Hertz, M. TI Bullying Among Middle School and High School Students-Massachusetts, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 465-471, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID CHILDHOOD; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; YOUTH C1 [Hertz, M.] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McKenna, M.; Hawk, E.; Mullen, J.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Hertz, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhertz@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 22 BP 2283 EP 2286 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 773YV UT WOS:000291349100007 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Franka, R Henderson, H Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Franka, Richard Henderson, Heather Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Live attenuated rabies virus co-infected with street rabies virus protects animals against rabies SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Pre-exposure prophylaxis; Rabies vaccination regimen; Attenuated rabies virus ERAg3m; Co-infection ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VACCINE; CHILDREN; SAFETY; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE AB While current rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is highly effective, it is costly and the vaccination regimen is complicated, requiring both inactivated vaccines and immunoglobulins. A one-dose rabies vaccine for human PEP remains a long-term goal. Here, we describe development of a highly attenuated rabies virus ERAg3m, with a mutation in the glycoprotein (G) gene and a switch of the G gene with the matrix protein gene in the viral genome. After a one-dose intramuscular vaccination, the ERAg3m virus protected 100% of mice and hamsters from lethal challenge. In co-infections, using a lethal dose of street rabies virus mixed with ERAg3m, 100% of hamsters and 90% of mice survived and were protected against subsequent infection. A mock co-infection, using inactivated commercial human rabies vaccine and a lethal dose of street rabies virus, protected 100% and 40% of hamsters and mice, respectively. In co-infections, when vaccine was administrated in the left leg and challenge virus in the right leg, the ERAg3m virus protected 40% of mice, while the inactivated vaccine showed no protection. Therefore, live attenuated rabies virus when given pre-exposure or co-infected with street rabies virus, is capable of preventing rabies in two different animal models. Overall, this highly attenuated live rabies virus offered better protection than the inactivated vaccine. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Franka, Richard; Henderson, Heather; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM XAW6@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 6 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 25 BP 4195 EP 4201 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.104 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 779KY UT WOS:000291777700006 PM 21514343 ER PT J AU Bayoh, MN Akhwale, W Ombok, M Sang, D Engoki, SC Koros, D Walker, ED Williams, HA Burke, H Armstrong, GL Cetron, MS Weinberg, M Breiman, R Hamel, MJ AF Bayoh, M. Nabie Akhwale, Willis Ombok, Maurice Sang, David Engoki, Sammy C. Koros, Dan Walker, Edward D. Williams, Holly A. Burke, Heather Armstrong, Gregory L. Cetron, Martin S. Weinberg, Michelle Breiman, Robert Hamel, Mary J. TI Malaria in Kakuma refugee camp, Turkana, Kenya: facilitation of Anopheles arabiensis vector populations by installed water distribution and catchment systems SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GAMBIAE; TRANSMISSION; ETHIOPIA; CHILDREN; COMPLEX; DAMS; AREA AB Background: Malaria is a major health concern for displaced persons occupying refugee camps in sub-Saharan Africa, yet there is little information on the incidence of infection and nature of transmission in these settings. Kakuma Refugee Camp, located in a dry area of north-western Kenya, has hosted ca. 60,000 to 90,000 refugees since 1992, primarily from Sudan and Somalia. The purpose of this study was to investigate malaria prevalence and attack rate and sources of Anopheles vectors in Kakuma refugee camp, in 2005-2006, after a malaria epidemic was observed by staff at camp clinics. Methods: Malaria prevalence and attack rate was estimated from cases of fever presenting to camp clinics and the hospital in August 2005, using rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy of blood smears. Larval habitats of vectors were sampled and mapped. Houses were sampled for adult vectors using the pyrethrum knockdown spray method, and mapped. Vectors were identified to species level and their infection with Plasmodium falciparum determined. Results: Prevalence of febrile illness with P. falciparum was highest among the 5 to 17 year olds (62.4%) while malaria attack rate was highest among the two to 4 year olds (5.2/1,000/day). Infected individuals were spatially concentrated in three of the 11 residential zones of the camp. The indoor densities of Anopheles arabiensis, the sole malaria vector, were similar during the wet and dry seasons, but were distributed in an aggregated fashion and predominantly in the same zones where malaria attack rates were high. Larval habitats and larval populations were also concentrated in these zones. Larval habitats were man-made pits of water associated with tap-stands installed as the water delivery system to residents with year round availability in the camp. Three percent of A. arabiensis adult females were infected with P. falciparum sporozoites in the rainy season. Conclusions: Malaria in Kakuma refugee camp was due mainly to infection with P. falciparum and showed a hyperendemic age-prevalence profile, in an area with otherwise low risk of malaria given prevailing climate. Transmission was sustained by A. arabiensis, whose populations were facilitated by installation of man-made water distribution and catchment systems. C1 [Bayoh, M. Nabie; Ombok, Maurice; Burke, Heather; Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Akhwale, Willis; Sang, David] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sang, David] Kenya Methodist Univ, Meru, Kenya. [Engoki, Sammy C.; Koros, Dan] Int Rescue Comm, Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Williams, Holly A.; Burke, Heather; Armstrong, Gregory L.; Cetron, Martin S.; Weinberg, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Breiman, Robert] Int Emerging Infect Programme, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30301 USA. RP Bayoh, MN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, POB 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. EM nbayoh@ke.cdc.gov FU U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; International Rescue Committee; NIAID [AI-50703] FX The authors are grateful for the field and laboratory assistance provided by Samson Otieno, Ben Oloo, Martin Owaga and Joseph Nduati and statistical review by John Williamson; all at the Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya. This investigation was supported in part by the International Emerging Infections Program, U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; NIAID grant AI-50703 to EDW, and the International Rescue Committee. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUN 4 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 149 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-149 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 789LM UT WOS:000292517000001 PM 21639926 ER PT J AU Han, T Sui, JH Bennett, AS Liddington, RC Donis, RO Zhu, Q Marasco, WA AF Han, Thomas Sui, Jianhua Bennett, Andrew S. Liddington, Robert C. Donis, Ruben O. Zhu, Quan Marasco, Wayne A. TI Fine epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies against hemagglutinin of a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus using yeast surface display SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Yeast surface display; Fine epitope mapping; Influenza; H5N1 ID VACCINES AB Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses pose a debilitating pandemic threat. Thus, understanding mechanisms of antibody-mediated viral inhibition and neutralization escape is critical. Here, a robust yeast display system for fine epitope mapping of viral surface hemagglutinin (HA)-specific antibodies is demonstrated. The full-length H5 subtype HA (HA0) was expressed on the yeast surface in a correctly folded conformation, determined by binding of a panel of extensively characterized neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These mAbs target conformationally-dependent epitopes of influenza A HA, which are highly conserved across H5 clades and group 1 serotypes. By separately displaying HA1 and HA2 subunits on yeast, domain mapping of two anti-H5 mAbs, NR2728 and H5-2A, localized their epitopes to HA1. These anti-H5 mAb epitopes were further fine mapped by using a library of yeast-displayed HA1 mutants and selecting for loss of binding without prior knowledge of potential contact residues. By overlaying key mutant residues that impacted binding onto a crystal structure of HA, the NR2728 mAb was found to interact with a fully surface-exposed contiguous patch of residues at the receptor binding site (RBS), giving insight into the mechanism underlying its potent inhibition of virus binding. The non-neutralizing H5-2A mAb was similarly mapped to a highly conserved H5 strain-specific but poorly accessible location on a loop at the trimer HA interface. These data further augment our tool-chest for studying HA antigenicity, epitope diversity and accessibility in response to natural and experimental influenza infection and vaccines. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Han, Thomas; Sui, Jianhua; Bennett, Andrew S.; Zhu, Quan; Marasco, Wayne A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Canc Immunol & AIDS, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Liddington, Robert C.] Burnham Inst Med Res, Infect & Inflammatory Dis Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marasco, WA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Canc Immunol & AIDS, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM wayne_marasco@dfci.harvard.edu OI SUI, JIANHUA/0000-0002-1272-9662 FU National Institutes of Health [U01-AI074518-01, 1K01AI073861] FX This work was supported by Grants from the National Institutes of Health: U01-AI074518-01 to W.A.M. and 1K01AI073861 to T.H. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agency. NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 3 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 2 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.139 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 779LM UT WOS:000291779100018 PM 21569761 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Ambrose, JF Russell, BP Hawksworth, AW Winchell, JM Glass, N Thurman, K Soltis, MA McDonough, E Warner, AK Weston, E Clemmons, NS Rosen, J Mitchell, SL Faix, DJ Blair, PJ Moore, MR Lowery, J AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Ambrose, John F. Russell, Bruce P. Hawksworth, Anthony W. Winchell, Jonas M. Glass, Nina Thurman, Kathleen Soltis, Michele A. McDonough, Erin Warner, Agnes K. Weston, Emily Clemmons, Nakia S. Rosen, Jennifer Mitchell, Stephanie L. Faix, Dennis J. Blair, Patrick J. Moore, Matthew R. Lowery, John TI Outbreak of Pneumonia in the Setting of Fatal Pneumococcal Meningitis among US Army Trainees: Potential Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Pneumonia; pneumococcal; Chlamydophila; pneumoniae; Military Personnel ID REAL-TIME PCR; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; EPIDEMIC; FINLAND; COMMUNITY AB Background: Compared to the civilian population, military trainees are often at increased risk for respiratory infections. We investigated an outbreak of radiologically-confirmed pneumonia that was recognized after 2 fatal cases of serotype 7F pneumococcal meningitis were reported in a 303-person military trainee company (Alpha Company). Methods: We reviewed surveillance data on pneumonia and febrile respiratory illness at the training facility; conducted chart reviews for cases of radiologically-confirmed pneumonia; and administered surveys and collected nasopharyngeal swabs from trainees in the outbreak battalion (Alpha and Hotel Companies), associated training staff, and trainees newly joining the battalion. Results: Among Alpha and Hotel Company trainees, the average weekly attack rates of radiologically-confirmed pneumonia were 1.4% and 1.2% (most other companies at FLW: 0-0.4%). The pneumococcal carriage rate among all Alpha Company trainees was 15% with a predominance of serotypes 7F and 3. Chlamydia pneumoniae was identified from 31% of specimens collected from Alpha Company trainees with respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: Although the etiology of the outbreak remains unclear, the identification of both S. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae among trainees suggests that both pathogens may have contributed either independently or as cofactors to the observed increased incidence of pneumonia in the outbreak battalion and should be considered as possible etiologies in outbreaks of pneumonia in the military population. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Influenza Epidemiol & Prevent Branch,Influenza Di, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Winchell, Jonas M.; Glass, Nina; Thurman, Kathleen; Warner, Agnes K.; Weston, Emily; Rosen, Jennifer; Mitchell, Stephanie L.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ambrose, John F.; Soltis, Michele A.; Clemmons, Nakia S.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Russell, Bruce P.] Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. [Hawksworth, Anthony W.; McDonough, Erin; Faix, Dennis J.; Blair, Patrick J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Influenza Epidemiol & Prevent Branch,Influenza Di, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov; zdn4@cdc.gov RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Glass, Nina/0000-0002-6821-4289 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUN 2 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 157 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-11-157 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 783KN UT WOS:000292081300001 PM 21635754 ER PT J AU Wilder-Kofie, TD Luquez, C Adler, M Dykes, JK Coleman, JD Maslanka, SE AF Wilder-Kofie, Temeri D. Luquez, Carolina Adler, Michael Dykes, Janet K. Coleman, JoAnn D. Maslanka, Susan E. TI An Alternative In Vivo Method to Refine the Mouse Bioassay for Botulinum Toxin Detection SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEUROTOXIN; MUSCLE AB Botulism is a rare, life-threatening paralytic disease of both humans and animals that is caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT). Botulism is confirmed in the laboratory by the detection of BoNT in clinical specimens, contaminated foods, and cultures. Despite efforts to develop an in vitro method for botulinum toxin detection, the mouse bioassay remains the standard test for laboratory confirmation of this disease. In this study, we evaluated the use of a nonlethal mouse toe-spread reflex model to detect BoNT spiked into buffer, serum, and milk samples. Samples spiked with toxin serotype A and nontoxin control samples were injected into the left and right extensor digitorum longus muscles, respectively. Digital photographs at 0, 8, and 24 h were used to obtain objective measurements through effective paralysis scores, which were determined by comparing the width-to-length ratio between right and left feet. Both objective measurements and clinical observation could accurately identify over 80% of animals injected with 1 LD50 (4.3 pg) BoNT type A within 24 h. Half of animals injected with 0.5 LD50 BoNT type A and none injected with 0.25 LD50 demonstrated localized paralysis. Preincubating the toxin with antitoxin prevented the development of positive effective paralysis scores, demonstrating that (1) the effect was specific for BoNT and (2) identification of toxin serotype could be achieved by using this method. These results suggest that the mouse toe-spread reflex model may be a more humane alternative to the current mouse bioassay for laboratory investigations of botulism. C1 [Luquez, Carolina; Dykes, Janet K.; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilder-Kofie, Temeri D.; Coleman, JoAnn D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adler, Michael] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Maslanka, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM SMaslanka@cdc.gov FU Office for Public Health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA); CDC Laboratory Animal Medicine Residency, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Disease FX This publication was supported by funds made available from the Office for Public Health Preparedness and Response (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA). Additional funds were made available from the CDC Laboratory Animal Medicine Residency Program, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Disease. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 61 IS 3 BP 235 EP 242 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 915QQ UT WOS:000302042900007 PM 21819693 ER PT J AU Singleton, RJ Holman, RC Wenger, J Christensen, KY Bulkow, LR Zulz, T Steiner, CA Cheek, JE AF Singleton, Rosalyn J. Holman, Robert C. Wenger, Jay Christensen, Krista Yorita Bulkow, Lisa R. Zulz, Tammy Steiner, Claudia A. Cheek, James E. TI TRENDS IN HOSPITALIZATION FOR EMPYEMA IN ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 10 YEARS OF AGE SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE empyema; pleural effusions; Alaska Native; United States; hospitalizations; children ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; NONVACCINE SEROTYPES; CHILDHOOD EMPYEMA; US CHILDREN AB We analyzed hospitalizations for empyema among Alaska Native (AN) children and the general population of US children <10 years of age during the years 1998 to 2007. We also analyzed invasive pneumococcal disease in AN children. Between 1998 and 2000, the average annual hospitalization rate for empyema was higher for AN children (51.8 per 100,000/yr) than that for US children (24.2 [95% confidence interval: 20.4, 27.9right perpendicular per 100,000/yr), and had increased in 2004-2007 in both populations (59.6 and 36.0 [95% confidence interval: 30.1, 41.8], respectively). Pneumococcal empyema increased in AN children despite a decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease pneumonia. C1 [Singleton, Rosalyn J.] CDC, AIP, NCEZID, US Dept HHS, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Holman, Robert C.; Christensen, Krista Yorita] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, NCEZID, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Rockville, MD USA. [Cheek, James E.] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Support, US Dept HHS, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Singleton, RJ (reprint author), CDC, AIP, NCEZID, US Dept HHS, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 528 EP 530 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182075e74 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 770OB UT WOS:000291095600022 PM 21164385 ER PT J AU Bergen, G Shults, RA Beck, L AF Bergen, G. Shults, R. A. Beck, L. TI SELF-REPORTED ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING IN THE UNITED STATES, 2006 AND 2008 SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 34th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 25-29, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA SP Res Soc Alcoholism C1 [Bergen, G.; Shults, R. A.; Beck, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2011 VL 35 IS 6 SU S BP 150A EP 150A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 766RN UT WOS:000290804301055 ER PT J AU Sejvar, JJ AF Sejvar, James J. TI Vaccines and Neurologic Disease SO SEMINARS IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vaccines; encephalitis; virus; adverse events ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; PREVENT HERPES-ZOSTER; ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; PRACTICE RESEARCH DATABASE; SAFETY DATALINK PROJECT; EVENT-REPORTING-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; INFLUENZA VACCINATION AB Vaccines have undoubtedly been a medical milestone, preventing immeasurable morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases worldwide. Modern vaccines have tremendously reduced the global impact of numerous infections; they have succeeded in eliminating smallpox completely. However, the nature by which vaccines confer their protection-by stimulation of the immune system-means that in rare cases, adverse often immunologically mediated events may occur following vaccination. Some of the most severe of these involve the nervous system. The author provides an overview of the mechanisms of vaccinology, and describes the various vaccines available for particular neurologic illnesses. Possible neurologic adverse events following vaccinations, and the possible mechanisms of these events, are also discussed. Finally, procedures in place to ensure vaccine safety are reviewed. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sejvar, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zea3@cdc.gov RI Davis, Bridget/G-3709-2011 NR 159 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0271-8235 J9 SEMIN NEUROL JI Semin. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 31 IS 3 BP 338 EP 355 DI 10.1055/s-0031-1287655 PG 18 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 827DI UT WOS:000295406900011 PM 21964850 ER PT J AU Wurzelbacher, S Jin, Y AF Wurzelbacher, Steve Jin, Yan TI A framework for evaluating OSH program effectiveness using leading and trailing metrics SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Leading; Trailing; Workers compensation; Program evaluation; Effectiveness ID PERFORMANCE-MEASUREMENT TOOL; BACK-PAIN CLAIMS; LONG-TERM IMPACT; OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES; WORKPLACE FACTORS; WELLNESS PROGRAM; JOHNSONS HEALTH; WORK DISABILITY; SAFETY AB Introduction: Many employers and regulators today rely primarily on a few past injury/ illness metrics as criteria for rating the effectiveness of occupational safety and health (OSH) programs. Although such trailing data are necessary to assess program success, they may not be sufficient for developing proactive safety, ergonomic, and medical management plans. Methods: The goals of this pilot study were to create leading metrics (company self-assessment ratings) and trailing metrics (past loss data) that could be used to evaluate the effectiveness of OSH program elements that range from primary to tertiary prevention. The main hypothesis was that the new metrics would be explanatory variables for three standard future workers compensation (WC) outcomes in 2003 (rates of total cases, lost time cases, and costs) and that the framework for evaluating OSH programs could be justifiably expanded. For leading metrics, surveys were developed to allow respondents to assess OSH exposures and program prevention elements (management leadership/ commitment, employee participation, hazard identification, hazard control, medical management, training, and program evaluation). After pre-testing, surveys were sent to companies covered by the same WC insurer in early 2003. A total of 33 completed surveys were used for final analysis. A series of trailing metrics were developed from 1999-2001 WC data for the surveyed companies. Data were analyzed using a method where each main 2003 WC outcome was dichotomized into high and low loss groups based on the median value of the variable. The mean and standard deviations of survey questions and 1999-2001 WC variables were compared between the dichotomized groups. Hypothesis testing was performed using F-test with a significance level 0.10. Results/Discussion: Companies that exhibited higher musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) WC case rates from 1999-2001 had higher total WC case rates in 2003. Higher levels of several self-reported OSH program elements (tracking progress in controlling workplace safety hazards, identifying ergonomic hazards, using health promotion programs) were associated with lower rates of WC lost time cases in 2003. Higher reported exposures to noise and projectiles were also associated with higher rates of WC cases and costs in 2003. Impact on Industry: This research adds to a growing body of preliminary evidence that valid leading and trailing metrics can be developed to evaluate OSH effectiveness. Both the rating of OSH efforts and the regular trending of past loss outcomes are likely useful in developing data-driven improvement plans that are reactive to past exposures and proactive in identifying system deficiencies that drive future losses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wurzelbacher, Steve; Jin, Yan] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Wurzelbacher, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM srw3@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 42 IS 3 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2011.04.001 PG 9 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 820VT UT WOS:000294934900007 PM 21855691 ER PT J AU Balluz, L Hu, SS Battaglia, MP Frankel, MR AF Balluz, L. Hu, S. S. Battaglia, M. P. Frankel, M. R. TI NONCOVERAGE BIAS IN HOUSEHOLD LANDLINE TELEPHONE SURVEYS, BRFSS 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Balluz, L.; Hu, S. S.; Battaglia, M. P.; Frankel, M. R.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S108 EP S108 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600423 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Caulfield, LE AF Branum, A. M. Caulfield, L. E. TI MULTILEVEL DETERMINANTS OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Branum, A. M.; Caulfield, L. E.] NCHS, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S278 EP S278 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601375 ER PT J AU Gill, S Broussard, C Devine, O Green, RF Rasmussen, S Reefhuis, J AF Gill, S. Broussard, C. Devine, O. Green, R. Fisk Rasmussen, S. Reefhuis, J. TI MATERNAL AGE AND THE RISK FOR BIRTH DEFECTS OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY, 1997-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Gill, S.; Broussard, C.; Devine, O.; Green, R. Fisk; Rasmussen, S.; Reefhuis, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S134 EP S134 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600520 ER PT J AU Hinkle, S Sharma, A Kim, S Park, S Dalenius, K Brindley, T Grummer-Strawn, L AF Hinkle, S. Sharma, A. Kim, S. Park, S. Dalenius, K. Brindley, T. Grummer-Strawn, L. TI PREPREGNANCY OBESITY TRENDS AMONG LOW-INCOME US WOMEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Hinkle, S.; Sharma, A.; Kim, S.; Park, S.; Dalenius, K.; Brindley, T.; Grummer-Strawn, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S293 EP S293 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601434 ER PT J AU Honein, M Devine, O Sharma, A Park, S Rasmussen, S Kucik, J Sniezek, J Boyle, C AF Honein, M. Devine, O. Sharma, A. Park, S. Rasmussen, S. Kucik, J. Sniezek, J. Boyle, C. TI MODELING THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACT OF PRE-PREGNANCY OBESITY ON SELECTED INFANT OUTCOMES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Honein, M.; Devine, O.; Sharma, A.; Park, S.; Rasmussen, S.; Kucik, J.; Sniezek, J.; Boyle, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S294 EP S294 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601439 ER PT J AU Huang, DT Klein, RJ AF Huang, D. T. Klein, R. J. TI GENERAL HEALTH STATUS: TRACKING HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 FOUNDATION HEALTH MEASURES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Huang, D. T.; Klein, R. J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RI Huang, David/A-5358-2009 OI Huang, David/0000-0002-8860-7469 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600083 ER PT J AU Kumar, M King, JB Eheman, CR AF Kumar, Mridhula King, Jessica B. Eheman, Christie R. TI MALE BREAST CANCER-GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE UNITED STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Kumar, Mridhula; King, Jessica B.; Eheman, Christie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S1 EP S1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600004 ER PT J AU Lawson, CC Rocheleau, CM Whelan, EA Hibert, EN Grajewski, B Spiegelman, D Rich-Edwards, JW AF Lawson, C. C. Rocheleau, C. M. Whelan, E. A. Hibert, E. N. Grajewski, B. Spiegelman, D. Rich-Edwards, J. W. TI OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ANESTHETIC GASES, ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS, ANTIVIRAL DRUGS, STERILIZING AGENTS, AND X-RAYS AND RISK OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTION AMONG NURSES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Lawson, C. C.; Rocheleau, C. M.; Whelan, E. A.; Hibert, E. N.; Grajewski, B.; Spiegelman, D.; Rich-Edwards, J. W.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S296 EP S296 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601446 ER PT J AU Magee, M Bloss, E Shin, S Contreras, C Huaman, HA Ticona, JC Bayona, J Bonilla, C Yagui, M Jave, O Cegielski, P AF Magee, M. Bloss, E. Shin, S. Contreras, C. Huaman, H. Arbanil Ticona, J. Calderon Bayona, J. Bonilla, C. Yagui, M. Jave, O. Cegielski, P. TI FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS (DRTB) AMONG PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AND DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) IN PERU SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Magee, M.; Bloss, E.; Shin, S.; Contreras, C.; Huaman, H. Arbanil; Ticona, J. Calderon; Bayona, J.; Bonilla, C.; Yagui, M.; Jave, O.; Cegielski, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S182 EP S182 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601008 ER PT J AU Pratt, LA Brody, DJ Gu, Q AF Pratt, L. A. Brody, D. J. Gu, Q. TI COMPARISON OF MULTIPLE ESTIMATES OF DEPRESSION PREVALENCE USING THE PATIENT HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE-9 AND REPORTED REASON FOR USE OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS: NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY: 2005-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Pratt, L. A.; Brody, D. J.; Gu, Q.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600251 ER PT J AU Ryskulova, A Klein, R Hines, R AF Ryskulova, A. Klein, R. Hines, R. TI APPLYING FEDERAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES TO HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 OBJECTIVES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Ryskulova, A.; Klein, R.; Hines, R.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600126 ER PT J AU Saaddine, J Chou, CF Zhang, X Cotch, MF Geiss, L Klein, BE Klein, R AF Saaddine, J. Chou, C. F. Zhang, X. Cotch, M. F. Geiss, L. Klein, B. E. Klein, R. TI NON-DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN THE UNITED STATES: 2005-2008. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Saaddine, J.; Chou, C. F.; Zhang, X.; Cotch, M. F.; Geiss, L.; Klein, B. E.; Klein, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S171 EP S171 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600669 ER PT J AU Shin, M O'Leary, L Cragan, J Thorpe, P Correa, A AF Shin, M. O'Leary, L. Cragan, J. Thorpe, P. Correa, A. TI AGE AT DIAGNOSIS OF CHILDREN WITH BIRTH DEFECTS IN THE METROPOLITAN ATLANTA CONGENITAL DEFECTS PROGRAM, 1998-2001 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Shin, M.; O'Leary, L.; Cragan, J.; Thorpe, P.; Correa, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S214 EP S214 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601135 ER PT J AU Theis, KA Murphy, L AF Theis, K. A. Murphy, L. TI LABOR FORCE STATUS AMONG US ADULTS 45-64 YEARS WITH AND WITHOUT ARTHRITIS, 2002-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Theis, K. A.; Murphy, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S330 EP S330 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601580 ER PT J AU Eke, PI Jaramillo, F Thornton-Evans, GO Borgnakke, WS AF Eke, Paul I. Jaramillo, Freder Thornton-Evans, Gina O. Borgnakke, Wenche S. TI Dental visits among adult Hispanics - BRFSS 1999 and 2006 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hispanic Americans; adults; dental care; healthcare surveys; population surveillance ID ORAL-HEALTH; SERVICES AB Objectives: This study examined and compared utilization of dental services by adult US Hispanics 18 years and older in the years 1999 and 2006. Methods: Dental utilization data collected by telephone interviews by the state-based Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were analyzed. Results: In 2006, the state mean and median prevalence of adult Hispanics with dental visits during the past year were 56.2 percent and 62.1 percent, respectively, and had not changed significantly since 1999. In 40 states, utilization was well below the national prevalence of 70.3 percent. Frequency of dental visits was significantly higher among females and those with higher income (>$50,000), higher education, nonsmokers, and persons having medical health insurance. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that barriers to utilization of dental services among Hispanic adults exist in most states and may contribute to existing oral health disparities. The magnitude of this problem may increase in the future with the expansion of the US Hispanic population. C1 [Eke, Paul I.; Jaramillo, Freder; Thornton-Evans, Gina O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Borgnakke, Wenche S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Eke, PI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Rhodes Bldg,Mail Stop F-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM peke@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD SUM PY 2011 VL 71 IS 3 BP 252 EP 256 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00259.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 811OZ UT WOS:000294223100011 PM 21972467 ER PT J AU Eick, AA Uyeki, TM Klimov, A Hall, H Reid, R Santosham, M O'Brien, KL AF Eick, Angelia A. Uyeki, Timothy M. Klimov, Alexander Hall, Henrietta Reid, Raymond Santosham, Mathuram O'Brien, Katherine L. TI Maternal Influenza Vaccination and Effect on Influenza Virus Infection in Young Infants EDITORIAL COMMENT SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material AB It is recommended that pregnant women receive influenza vaccine because of their increased risk for influenza complications. Several prospective US-based observational studies concluded that maternal influenza vaccination delays the age at first infection and reduces severity of influenza illness; one randomized trial reported that vaccination reduced the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza. This nonrandomized, prospective, observational cohort study investigated the effect of seasonal influenza vaccination in pregnant women on the occurrence of influenza virus infection in infants to 6 months of age. Participants were 1160 mother-infant pairs with mothers who delivered one infant during 3 influenza seasons between 2002 and 2005 at the Navajo and White Mountain Apache Indian reservations. Serum specimens from the infants of women who were unvaccinated (n = 587) and vaccinated (n = 573) were collected and analyzed. The primary study outcome measures in infants were laboratory-confirmed influenza, with influenza-like illness (ILI), ILI hospitalization, and elevated influenza hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers. Among the 1160 infants, 193 (17%) were hospitalized for ILI, 412 (36%) had only an outpatient ILI visit, and 555 (48%) had no ILI episodes. The ILI incidence rate was 7.2 per 1000 person-days for infants born to unvaccinated women and 6.7 per 1000 person-days for those born to vaccinated women. Compared with infants of unvaccinated women, there was a 41% reduction in the risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection (relative risk, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.93) and a 39% reduction in the risk of hospitalization for ILI (relative risk, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.84) among infants of vaccinated women. Moreover, hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers to each of the 8 influenza virus antigens tested at birth and at 2 to 3 months of age were significantly higher in infants born to mothers vaccinated during pregnancy. These findings show that maternal influenza vaccination increased influenza antibody titers in infants through 2 to 3 months of age, reducing their risk of both influenza virus infection and ILI hospitalization during the first 6 months of life. These data demonstrate the public health importance of maternal influenza vaccination. C1 [Eick, Angelia A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eick, AA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 6 BP 333 EP 334 DI 10.1097/OGX.0b013e31822c17b0 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 809KP UT WOS:000294054100003 ER PT J AU Kemberling, M Hagan, K Leston, J Kitka, S Provost, E Hennessy, T AF Kemberling, Melissa Hagan, Kyla Leston, Jessica Kitka, Sassa Provost, Ellen Hennessy, Thomas TI Alaska Native adolescent views on cervical cancer, the human papillomavirus (HPV), genital warts and the quadrivalent HPV vaccine SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Alaska Natives; adolescents; cervical cancer; genital warts; HPV; quadrivalent HPV vaccine AB Objectives. To understand the knowledge levels, attitudes and perceptions of Alaska Native adolescent girls about cervical cancer, HPV, genital warts and the FIPV vaccine. Study design. A qualitative study. Methods. Seventy-nine in-depth interviews were conducted with adolescent females aged 11 through 18 years in 4 communities in Alaska. The convenience sample was recruited through word of mouth, posters and flyers distributed in community schools, medical clinics and stores. Results. Many of those surveyed didn't know the purpose of a vaccine and were not familiar with basic knowledge about HPV, genital warts and cervical cancer. After learning about cervical cancer and HPV, most teens felt that someone their age had an average likelihood of contracting the diseases and that having the disease would be quite bad. Most teens said they were interested in vaccination. When asked if they would get a vaccine, older teens most commonly cited concerns about side effects or doubts about vaccine efficacy, while younger teens were afraid the shot would hurt. Most teens stated that they preferred to learn about health topics such as these through television programming, followed by the Internet, brochures and posters. Conclusions. The findings provide valuable information on how to inform adolescents about the vaccine and alleviate their concerns. The design of an educational campaign should vary depending on the age of the adolescents. For younger teens, distribution of information should be at school using a brochure or curriculum, while for older teens a web page may be more appropriate. (Jut J Circumpolar Health 2011; 70(3):245-253) C1 [Kemberling, Melissa; Provost, Ellen] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Hagan, Kyla] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Wellness & Prevent Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Leston, Jessica] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, HIV STD Prevent Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Kitka, Sassa; Hennessy, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Kemberling, M (reprint author), Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, 4000 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM mmkemberling@anthc.org NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH PUBL PI OULU PA AAPISTIE1, OULU, FIN-90220, FINLAND SN 1239-9736 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 70 IS 3 BP 245 EP 253 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 808QX UT WOS:000293994600005 PM 21703130 ER PT J AU Lowenthal, P Westenhouse, J Moore, M Posey, DL Watt, JP Flood, J AF Lowenthal, P. Westenhouse, J. Moore, M. Posey, D. L. Watt, J. P. Flood, J. TI Reduced importation of tuberculosis after the implementation of an enhanced pre-immigration screening protocol SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE immigration; tuberculosis screening; tuberculosis prevention and control ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; US-BOUND IMMIGRANTS; UNITED-STATES; REFUGEES; CALIFORNIA AB SETTING: Importation of infectious tuberculosis (TB) threatens TB control in California and the United States. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of an enhanced pre-immigration screening and treatment protocol to prevent the importation of infectious TB. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of immigrants years of age with TB suspect classifications who were screened for TB in their countries of origin before (pre-intervention cohort) and after (post-intervention cohort) implementation of enhanced pre-immigration screening. Enhanced pre-immigration screening added sputum cultures to the existing screening system based on sputum smears for persons with abnormal chest radiographs. RESULTS: The pre- and post-intervention cohorts included respectively 2049 and 1430 immigrants. The occurrence of tuberculosis 6 months after US arrival in this population decreased following the intervention, from 4.2% (86 cases) to 1.5% (22 cases, P < 0.001). Among pre-intervention cohort cases, 14% were sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-positive and 81% were sputum culture-positive for TB, compared with 5% sputum AFB smear-positive (P = 0.46) and 68% sputum culture-positive (P = 0.18) among the post-intervention cohort cases. CONCLUSION: The enhanced pre-immigration screening was associated with a decline in the proportion of immigrants with TB suspect classifications identified with TB within 6 months of arrival in the United States. Continued state and national surveillance is critical to monitor the effectiveness of the revised pre-immigration screening as it is implemented in additional countries. C1 [Lowenthal, P.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, TB Control Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Moore, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Posey, D. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lowenthal, P (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, TB Control Branch, 2nd Floor,850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM phil.lowenthal@cdph.ca.gov NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 15 IS 6 BP 761 EP 766 DI 10.5588/ijtld.10.0370 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 805KH UT WOS:000293724800010 PM 21575295 ER PT J AU Katz, JM Hancock, K Xu, XY AF Katz, Jacqueline M. Hancock, Kathy Xu, Xiyan TI Serologic assays for influenza surveillance, diagnosis and vaccine evaluation SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Review DE antigenic characterization; hemagglutination inhibition; influenza virus; vaccine responses; virus neutralization ID SINGLE-RADIAL-HEMOLYSIS; A H1N1 VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITING ANTIBODY; ERYTHROCYTE BINDING PREFERENCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WILD-TYPE VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; RECEPTOR-BINDING; SERUM ANTIBODY AB Serological techniques play a critical role in various aspects of influenza surveillance, vaccine development and evaluation, and sometimes in diagnosis, particularly for novel influenza virus infections of humans. Because individuals are repeatedly exposed to antigenically and genetically diverse influenza viruses over a lifetime, the gold standard for detection of a recent influenza virus infection or response to current vaccination is the demonstration of a seroconversion, a fourfold or greater rise in antibody titer relative to a baseline sample, to a circulating influenza strain or vaccine component. The hemagglutination-inhibition assay remains the most widely used assay to detect strain-specific serum antibodies to influenza. The hemagglutination-inhibition assay is also used to monitor antigenic changes among influenza viruses which are constantly evolving; such antigenic data is essential for consideration of changes in influenza vaccine composition. The use of the hemagglutinin-specific microneutralization assay has increased, in part, owing to its sensitivity for detection of human antibodies to novel influenza viruses of animal origin. Neutralization assays using replication-incompetent pseudotyped particles may be advantageous in some laboratory settings for detection of antibodies to influenza viruses with heightened biocontainment requirements. The use of standardized protocols and antibody standards are important steps to improve reproducibility and interlaboratory comparability of results of serologic assays for influenza viruses. C1 [Katz, Jacqueline M.; Hancock, Kathy; Xu, Xiyan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkatz@cdc.gov FU GlaxoSmithKline; Nobilon-Merck Sharp and Dohme; Juvaris, Inc. FX Jacqueline M Katz has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Nobilon-Merck Sharp and Dohme and Juvaris, Inc. Kathy Hancock has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline and Juvaris Inc. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 165 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 19 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 9 IS 6 BP 669 EP 683 DI 10.1586/ERI.11.51 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 796VV UT WOS:000293082500011 PM 21692672 ER PT J AU Hwang, KP Huang, YC Banyai, K Wu, HS Chang, FY Yang, DCF Hsiung, CA Lin, JS Jiang, B Gentsch, JR Wu, FT AF Hwang, K. -P. Huang, Y. -C. Banyai, K. Wu, H. -S. Chang, F. -Y. Yang, D. C. -F. Hsiung, C. A. Lin, J. -S. Jiang, B. Gentsch, J. R. Wu, F. -T. TI Severe gastroenteritis associated with G3P[9] rotavirus in Taiwan SO INFECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; STRAINS; SEROTYPE; DIVERSITY; DISEASE; RARE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROGRAMS; DIARRHEA C1 [Wu, F. -T.] Ctr Dis Control, Epidem Intelligence Ctr, Dept Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hwang, K. -P.] Chang Gung Univ, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Kaohsiung Med Ctr, Chang Gung Mem Hosp,Dept Pediat,Coll Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Hwang, K. -P.] China Med Univ & Hosp, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Taichung, Taiwan. [Huang, Y. -C.] Chang Gung Univ, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Coll Med, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Wu, H. -S.; Chang, F. -Y.; Yang, D. C. -F.] Ctr Dis Control, Ctr Res & Diagnost, Dept Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan. [Wu, H. -S.] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hsiung, C. A.] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Lin, J. -S.] Changhua Christian Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Changhua, Taiwan. [Lin, J. -S.] Changhua Christian Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Changhua, Taiwan. [Jiang, B.; Gentsch, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wu, FT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Epidem Intelligence Ctr, Dept Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan. EM fang@cdc.gov.tw RI Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan [96-0324-01-F-0]; [DOH97-DC-1102] FX This study was financially supported in part by research grant DOH97-DC-1102 and an award from "The National Research Program for Genome Medicine" (96-0324-01-F-0) from the Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD JUN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 3 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1007/s15010-011-0098-4 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 798IU UT WOS:000293197600013 PM 21424852 ER PT J AU Pfaller, MA Diekema, DJ Andes, D Arendrup, MC Brown, SD Lockhart, SR Motyl, M Perlin, DS AF Pfaller, M. A. Diekema, D. J. Andes, D. Arendrup, M. C. Brown, S. D. Lockhart, S. R. Motyl, M. Perlin, D. S. CA CLSI Subcomm Antifungal Testing TI Clinical breakpoints for the echinocandins and Candida revisited: Integration of molecular, clinical, and microbiological data to arrive at species-specific interpretive criteria SO DRUG RESISTANCE UPDATES LA English DT Review DE Candida; Echinocandins; Susceptibility testing ID IN-VITRO ACTIVITY; EPIDEMIOLOGIC CUTOFF VALUES; LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; ESOPHAGEAL CANDIDIASIS; REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; AZOLE RESISTANCE; (1,3)-BETA-D-GLUCAN SYNTHASE; 1,3-BETA-D-GLUCAN SYNTHASE AB The CLSI established clinical breakpoints (CBPs) for caspofungin (CSF), micafungin (MCF) and anidulafungin (ANF) versus Candida. The same CBP (susceptible (S): MIC <= 2 mcg/ml; non-S: MIC > 2 mcg/ml) was applied to all echinocandins and species. More data now allow reassessment of these CBPs. We examined cases of echinocandin failure where both MICs and fks mutations were assessed; wild type (WT) MICs and epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) fora large Candida collection; molecular analysis of fks hotspots for Candida with known MICs; and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data. We applied these findings to propose new species-specific CBPs for echinocandins and Candida. Of 18 candidiasis cases refractory to echinocandins and with fks mutations, 28% (CSF), 58% (ANF) and 66% (MCF) had MICs in the S category using CBP of <= 2 mcg/ml, while 0-8% would be S using CBP of <= 0.25 mcg/ml. WT MIC distributions revealed ECV ranges of 0.03-0.25 mcg/ml for all major species except C. parapsilosis (1-4 mcg/ml) and C. guilliermondii (4-16 mcg/ml). Among Candida tested for fks mutations, only 15.7-45.1% of 51 mutants were detected using the CBP for NS of > 2 mcg/ml. In contrast, a cutoff of > 0.25 mcg/ml for C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, and C. dubliniensis detected 85.6% (MCF) to 95.2% (CSF) of 21 mutant strains. Likewise, a cutoff of > 0.12 mcg/ml for ANF and CSF and of > 0.06 mcg/ml for MCF detected 93% (ANF) to 97% (CSF, MCF) of 30 mutant strains of C. glabrata. These data, combined with PK/PD considerations, support CBPs of <= 0.25 mcg/ml (S), 0.5 mcg/ml (I), >= 1 (R) for CSF/MCF/ANF and C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C krusei and <= 2 mcg/ml (S), 4 mcg/ml (I), and 28 mcg/ml (R) for these agents and C. parapsilosis. The CBPs for ANF and CSF and C glabrata are <= 0.12 mcg/ml (S), 0.25 mcg/ml (I), and >= 0.5 mcg/ml (R), whereas those for MCF are <= 0.06 mcg/ml (S), 0.12 mcg/ml (I), and >= 0.25 mcg/ml (R). New, species-specific CBPs for Candida and the echinocandins are more sensitive to detect emerging resistance associated with fks mutations, and better able to predict risk for clinical failure. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pfaller, M. A.] Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Andes, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Arendrup, M. C.] Statens Serum Inst, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Brown, S. D.] Inst Clin Microbiol, Wilsonville, OR USA. [Lockhart, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Motyl, M.] Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. [Perlin, D. S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Publ Hlth Res Inst, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Pfaller, MA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, C606 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM michael-pfaller@uiowa.edu OI Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724 FU Astellas; Merck; Pfizer FX This work was supported in part by grants from Astellas, Merck, and Pfizer. NR 98 TC 177 Z9 181 U1 0 U2 10 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1368-7646 J9 DRUG RESIST UPDATE JI Drug Resist. Update PD JUN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP 164 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.drup.2011.01.004 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 790XD UT WOS:000292623200003 PM 21353623 ER PT J AU Wise, ME Weber, SG Schneider, A Stojcevski, M France, AM Schaefer, MK Lin, MY Kallen, AJ Cochran, RL AF Wise, Matthew E. Weber, Stephen G. Schneider, Amy Stojcevski, Meg France, Anne Marie Schaefer, Melissa K. Lin, Michael Y. Kallen, Alexander J. Cochran, Ronda L. TI Hospital Staff Perceptions of a Legislative Mandate for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Screening SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE CULTURES; CARE; PRECAUTIONS; INFECTION AB OBJECTIVE. In August 2007, Illinois passed legislation mandating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) admission screening for intensive care unit patients. We assessed hospital staff perceptions of the implementation of this law. DESIGN. Mixed-methods evaluation using structured focus groups and questionnaires. SETTING. Eight Chicago-area hospitals. PARTICIPANTS. Three strata of staff (leadership, midlevel, and frontline) at each hospital. METHODS. All participants completed a questionnaire and participated in a focus group. Focus group transcripts were thematically coded and analyzed. The proportion of staff agreeing with statements about MRSA and the legislation was compared across staff types. RESULTS. Overall, 126 hospital staff participated in 23 focus groups. Fifty-six percent of participants agreed that the legislation had a positive effect at their facility; frontline staff were more likely to agree than midlevel and leadership staff (P <. 01). Perceived benefits of the legislation included increased awareness of MRSA among staff and better knowledge of the epidemiology of MRSA colonization. Perceived negative consequences included the psychosocial effect of screening and contact precautions on patients and increased use of resources. Most participants (59%) would choose to continue the activities associated with the legislation but advised facilities in states considering similar legislation to educate staff and patients about MRSA screening and to draft clear implementation plans. CONCLUSION. Staff from Chicago-area hospitals perceived that mandatory MRSA screening legislation resulted in some benefits but highlighted implementation challenges. States considering similar initiatives might minimize these challenges by optimizing messaging to patients and healthcare staff, drafting implementation plans, and developing program evaluation strategies. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(6):573-578 C1 [Wise, Matthew E.; Schneider, Amy; Schaefer, Melissa K.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Cochran, Ronda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weber, Stephen G.; Stojcevski, Meg] Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [France, Anne Marie] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Lin, Michael Y.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Wise, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Hlth Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxx4@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 32 IS 6 BP 573 EP 578 DI 10.1086/660016 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 791GQ UT WOS:000292653500006 PM 21558769 ER PT J AU Magill, SS Black, SR Wise, ME Kallen, AJ Lee, SJ Gardner, T Husain, F Srinivasan, A Gerber, SI Jhung, M AF Magill, Shelley S. Black, Stephanie R. Wise, Matthew E. Kallen, Alexander J. Lee, Soo-Jeong Gardner, Tracie Husain, Farah Srinivasan, Arjun Gerber, Susan I. Jhung, Michael TI Investigation of an Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infections among Healthcare Personnel in a Chicago Hospital SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In May 2009, we investigated a hospital outbreak of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) infection among healthcare personnel (HCP). Thirteen (65%) of 20 HCP with pH1N1 infection had healthcare-associated cases, which were primarily attributed to transmission among HCP. Eleven (55%) of HCP with pH1N1 infection worked for 1 day or more after the onset of illness. Personnel working with mild illness may have contributed to transmission among HCP. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(6):611-615 C1 [Magill, Shelley S.; Wise, Matthew E.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Lee, Soo-Jeong; Gardner, Tracie; Husain, Farah; Srinivasan, Arjun; Jhung, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Black, Stephanie R.; Gerber, Susan I.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Gardner, Tracie] Alaska Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Magill, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smagill@cdc.gov FU Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Pfizer FX Financial support. Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).; S.S.M. reports having consulted for and having received grant support from Pfizer and having received an honorarium from Astellas prior to commencing employment at the CDC in 2007. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 32 IS 6 BP 611 EP 615 DI 10.1086/660097 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 791GQ UT WOS:000292653500012 PM 21558775 ER PT J AU Montgomery, JR Carroll, RB McCollum, AM AF Montgomery, Jay R. Carroll, Robert B. McCollum, Andrea M. TI Ocular Vaccinia: A Consequence of Unrecognized Contact Transmission SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX VACCINATION; SEXUAL CONTACT; COMPLICATIONS; INFECTION; THERAPY AB A patient developed severe ocular vaccinia via autoinoculation after acquiring unrecognized contact-transmitted vaccinia from wrestling with vaccinated members of his unit. This case highlights both the need to reinforce infection-control measures among vaccinees and the need for providers to be familiar with the identification and treatment of cutaneous and ocular vaccinia infection. C1 [Montgomery, Jay R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, Washington, DC 20012 USA. [Carroll, Robert B.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Montgomery, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Buillding 41,Room 21, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 176 IS 6 BP 699 EP 701 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 792XN UT WOS:000292783800023 PM 21702392 ER PT J AU Greene, SK Kulldorff, M Yin, RH Yih, WK Lieu, TA Weintraub, ES Lee, GM AF Greene, Sharon K. Kulldorff, Martin Yin, Ruihua Yih, W. Katherine Lieu, Tracy A. Weintraub, Eric S. Lee, Grace M. TI Near real-time vaccine safety surveillance with partially accrued data SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccine; near real-time surveillance; quality control; vaccine safety ID ADVERSE EVENTS; PROJECT AB Purpose The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Project conducts near real-time vaccine safety surveillance using sequential analytic methods. Timely surveillance is critical in identifying potential safety problems and preventing additional exposure before most vaccines are administered. For vaccines that are administered during a short period, such as influenza vaccines, timeliness can be improved by undertaking analyses while risk windows following vaccination are ongoing and by accommodating predictable and unpredictable data accrual delays. We describe practical solutions to these challenges, which were adopted by the VSD Project during pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccine safety surveillance in 2009/2010. Methods Adjustments were made to two sequential analytic approaches. The Poisson-based approach compared the number of pre-defined adverse events observed following vaccination with the number expected using historical data. The expected number was adjusted for the proportion of the risk window elapsed and the proportion of inpatient data estimated to have accrued. The binomial-based approach used a self-controlled design, comparing the observed numbers of events in risk versus comparison windows. Events were included in analysis only if they occurred during a week that had already passed for both windows. Results Analyzing data before risk windows fully elapsed improved the timeliness of safety surveillance. Adjustments for data accrual lags were tailored to each data source and avoided biasing analyses away from detecting a potential safety problem, particularly early during surveillance. Conclusions The timeliness of vaccine and drug safety surveillance can be improved by properly accounting for partially elapsed windows and data accrual delays. Copyright c 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Greene, Sharon K.; Kulldorff, Martin; Yin, Ruihua; Yih, W. Katherine; Lieu, Tracy A.; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Greene, Sharon K.; Kulldorff, Martin; Yin, Ruihua; Yih, W. Katherine; Lieu, Tracy A.; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. RP Greene, SK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM Sharon_Greene@harvardpilgrim.org RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This work was supported by a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The authors thank the data managers at each of the VSD sites for estimating the lag in inpatient data accrual and for providing high-quality data for inclusion in near real-time vaccine safety studies. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 6 BP 583 EP 590 DI 10.1002/pds.2133 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 790PI UT WOS:000292601300004 PM 21538670 ER PT J AU Karem, KL Reynolds, MG AF Karem, Kevin L. Reynolds, Mary G. TI Protection from smallpox: beyond immune biomarkers SO FUTURE VIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE immune induction; lifelong immunity; monkeypox; protective immunity; smallpox; vaccine ID VACCINIA VIRUS; HUMAN MONKEYPOX; CELL-CULTURE; VACCINATION; OUTBREAK; DURATION; INFECTION; HUMANS; RESPONSES; ANTIBODY AB Since the eradication of smallpox, immunological studies of smallpox vaccine (vaccinia virus) have provided great gains in understanding immunology as well as depecting smallpox vaccine-derived immune responses. Despite this wealth of knowledge, two confounding problems remain. First, that surviving smallpox provides an individual with lifelong protective immunity, whereas vaccination may not, and second, that specific molecular correlates of protection against smallpox remain vague. Historical literature on smallpox and contemporary studies of other human infections with orthopoxviruses, such as monkeypox, indicate that vaccination may lower disease risks, but it does not provide complete protection against infection in all individuals. Factors impacting protective immunity include longevity of immunologic memory post-vaccination, challenge dose and differences in the challenge viruses, as well as route of exposure. This article discusses historical information regarding smallpox attack rates during outbreaks and contemporary views on aspects of vaccines and naturally occurring orthopoxvirus outbreaks as related to vaccine-derived immunity. C1 [Karem, Kevin L.; Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Poxivirus Program, Atlanta, GA 30339 USA. RP Karem, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Poxivirus Program, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30339 USA. EM kkarem@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0794 J9 FUTURE VIROL JI Future Virol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 BP 709 EP 719 DI 10.2217/FVL.10.79 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 788DI UT WOS:000292425200009 ER PT J AU Hirst, DVL Gressel, MG Flanders, WD AF Hirst, Deborah V. L. Gressel, Michael G. Flanders, W. Dana TI Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Comparison of Two Direct-Reading Instruments to a Laboratory-Based Method SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE air sampling; direct-reading monitors; formaldehyde; instrument comparison ID HOMES AB Airborne formaldehyde concentrations can be measured using several different techniques, including laboratory-based methods and direct-reading instruments. Two commercially available direct-reading instruments, an RKI Instruments Model FP-30 and a PPM Technology Formaldemeter htV, were compared with National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Method 2016 in different test environments to determine if these direct-reading instruments can provide comparable results. The methods yielded the following mean concentrations for 47 samples: NIOSH Method 2016, 0.37 ppm; FP-30, 0.29 ppm; and htV, 0.34 ppm. Results from both of the direct-reading instruments were correlated with the laboratory-based method (R(2) = 0.78 for FP-30, and 0.902 for htV). Comparison of the means of the three methods showed that on average the FP-30 instrument (p < 0.001) differed statistically from NIOSH Method 2016, whereas the htV (p = 0.15) was not statistically different from the NIOSH method. Sensitivity and specificity tests demonstrated that the FP-30 had sensitivity above 60% to detect formaldehyde concentrations at all the cutoff levels tested, whereas the htV appeared to have greater sensitivity above 88% for the levels evaluated. C1 [Hirst, Deborah V. L.; Gressel, Michael G.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hirst, DVL (reprint author), CDC NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM DHirst@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1080/15459624.2011.578499 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 789OU UT WOS:000292526000005 PM 21557128 ER PT J AU Ahrenholz, SH Sylvain, DC AF Ahrenholz, Steven H. Sylvain, David C. TI Deepwater Horizon Response Workers Exposure Assessment at the Source: MC252 Well No. 1 SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ahrenholz, Steven H.] NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Ahrenholz, Steven H.; Sylvain, David C.] Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ahrenholz, SH (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop R-9,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM SAhrenholz@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 BP D43 EP D50 DI 10.1080/15459624.2011.575011 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 789OU UT WOS:000292526000001 PM 21604224 ER PT J AU Creanga, AA Kamimoto, L Newsome, K D'Mello, T Jamieson, DJ Zotti, ME Arnold, KE Baumbach, J Bennett, NM Farley, MM Gershman, K Kirschke, D Lynfield, R Meek, J Morin, C Reingold, A Ryan, P Schaffner, W Thomas, A Zansky, S Finelli, L Honein, MA AF Creanga, Andreea A. Kamimoto, Laurie Newsome, Kimberly D'Mello, Tiffany Jamieson, Denise J. Zotti, Marianne E. Arnold, Kathryn E. Baumbach, Joan Bennett, Nancy M. Farley, Monica M. Gershman, Ken Kirschke, David Lynfield, Ruth Meek, James Morin, Craig Reingold, Arthur Ryan, Patricia Schaffner, William Thomas, Ann Zansky, Shelley Finelli, Lyn Honein, Margaret A. TI Seasonal and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection during pregnancy: a population-based study of hospitalized cases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human; infectious; influenza; pregnancy; pregnancy complications; seasonal influenza; 2009 pandemic influenza ID UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB We sought to describe characteristics of hospitalized reproductive-aged (15-44 years) women with seasonal (2005/2006 through 2008/2009) and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. We used population-based data from the Emerging Infections Program in 10 US states, and compared characteristics of pregnant (n = 150) and nonpregnant (n = 489) seasonal, and pregnant (n = 489) and nonpregnant (n = 1088) pandemic influenza cases using chi(2) and Fisher's exact tests. Pregnant women represented 23.5% and 31.0% of all reproductive-aged women hospitalized for seasonal and pandemic influenza, respectively. Significantly more nonpregnant than pregnant women with seasonal (71.2% vs 36.0%) and pandemic (69.7% vs 31.9%) influenza had an underlying medical condition other than pregnancy. Antiviral treatment was significantly more common with pandemic than seasonal influenza for both pregnant (86.5% vs 24.0%) and nonpregnant (82.0% vs 55.2%) women. Pregnant women comprised a significant proportion of influenza-hospitalized reproductive-aged women, underscoring the importance of influenza vaccination during pregnancy. C1 [Creanga, Andreea A.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Zotti, Marianne E.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Creanga, Andreea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kamimoto, Laurie; D'Mello, Tiffany; Finelli, Lyn] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Newsome, Kimberly; Honein, Margaret A.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Monroe Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Gershman, Ken] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Kirschke, David; Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Meek, James] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. RP Creanga, AA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acreanga@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S38 EP S45 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.037 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100007 PM 21507375 ER PT J AU Stein, R Grimes, TS Malow, R Stratford, D Spielberg, F Holtgrave, DR AF Stein, Renee Grimes, Tanisha S. Malow, Robert Stratford, Dale Spielberg, Freya Holtgrave, David R. TI INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF HIV COUNSELING, TESTING AND REFERRAL (CTR) AND HIV TESTING SERVICES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; ADOLESCENTS; ADULTS C1 [Stein, Renee; Grimes, Tanisha S.; Stratford, Dale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malow, Robert] Florida Int Univ, Coll Hlth & Urban Affairs, N Miami, FL USA. [Spielberg, Freya] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Stein, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM arf7@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 SU S BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FQ UT WOS:000291763900001 PM 21689032 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TTH Wolfe, MI Dat, TT McFarland, DA Lamb, ML Thang, NT Thai, HN Del Rio, C AF Nguyen Thi Thu Hong Wolfe, Mitchell I. Tran Tien Dat McFarland, Deborah A. Lamb, Mary L. Nguyen Trong Thang Hoang Nam Thai Del Rio, Carlos TI UTILIZATION OF HIV VOLUNTARY COUNSELING AND TESTING IN VIETNAM: AN EVALUATION OF 5 YEARS OF ROUTINE PROGRAM DATA FOR NATIONAL RESPONSE SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; COUPLES; SEROCONVERSION; NOTIFICATION; TANZANIA; THAILAND AB This study evaluated the utilization of HIV voluntary counseling-and-testing (VCT) services targeting high-risk populations in Vietnam in order to inform decisions on program improvement and expansion. A total of 158,888 records collected from 55 VCT sites supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Global AIDS Program in the period of 2002 to 2007 were used to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, risk exposures, seropositivity, test refusal, and failure to return for test results among VCT clients. High-risk exposures, such as injection drug use, commercial sex work, homosexual contacts or heterosexual contacts with high-risk sex partners, were reported in 126,815 (81%) records. Among high-risk clients, any condom use in the past month ranged from 34% to 71%. During the study period, 19% of the VCT encounters resulted in a positive HIV test; of those persons tested, 23% of men and 13% of women were HIV-positive. High HIV positivity rates were associated with injection drug use, being ill/recommended by health care provider, and having an HIV-infected sex partner. Of all records, 6.1% documented refusal of HIV testing. Failure to return for results was reported in 3.5% of records for clients who were tested. Previously testing positive was the strongest predictor of test refusal, and being referred by peer educators was associated with failure to return for results. The VCT program in Vietnam successfully targeted high-risk populations, and clients had high return rates using a standard testing strategy. Interventions to increase consistent condom use and promote access to prevention services among sex partners of high-risk individuals should be implemented and evaluated. C1 [Nguyen Thi Thu Hong; Tran Tien Dat; Hoang Nam Thai] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global AIDS Program, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Wolfe, Mitchell I.] US CDC, Global AIDS Program, Asia Reg Off, Bangkok, Thailand. [McFarland, Deborah A.; Del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lamb, Mary L.] US CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nguyen, TTH (reprint author), DHHS CDC, US Embassy Hanoi, 7 Lang Ha St, Hanoi 1000, Vietnam. EM nguyenht@vn.cdc.gov RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 SU S BP 30 EP 48 PG 19 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FQ UT WOS:000291763900004 ER PT J AU Shrestha, RK Sansom, SL Schulden, JD Song, BW Smith, LC Ramirez, R Mares-DelGrasso, A Heffelfinger, JD AF Shrestha, Ram K. Sansom, Stephanie L. Schulden, Jeffrey D. Song, Binwei Smith, Linney C. Ramirez, Ramon Mares-DelGrasso, Azul Heffelfinger, James D. TI COSTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF FINDING NEW HIV DIAGNOSES BY USING RAPID TESTING IN TRANSGENDER COMMUNITIES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; PREVALENCE; MEN; SEX; ORGANIZATIONS; PREVENTION AB We assessed the costs and effectiveness of rapid HIV testing services provided to transgender communities in New York City and San Francisco from April 2005 to December 2006. Program costs were estimated based on service provider's perspective and included the costs attributable to staff time, incentives, transportation, test kits, office space, equipment, supplies, and utilities. The average annual numbers of persons tested were 195 and 106 persons and numbers notified of new HIV diagnoses were 35 (18.2%) in New York City and 8 (7.3%) in San Francisco, respectively. The estimated annual program costs were $125,879 and $64,323 and average costs per person notified of new diagnosis were $3,563 and $8,284 in New York City and San Francisco, respectively. The primary reason for differences in program costs by site was differences in the proportion of undiagnosed HIV infection among persons tested. Our findings can inform decisions about program planning and allocation of limited HIV testing resources. C1 [Shrestha, Ram K.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Schulden, Jeffrey D.; Song, Binwei; Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Linney C.] Housing Works Inc, New York, NY USA. [Ramirez, Ramon; Mares-DelGrasso, Azul] AIDS Healthcare Fdn, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Shrestha, RK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Mail Stop E48,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rshrestha@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 SU S BP 49 EP 57 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FQ UT WOS:000291763900005 PM 21689036 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, AB Farnham, PG Lyss, SB White, DAE Sansom, SL Branson, BM AF Hutchinson, Angela B. Farnham, Paul G. Lyss, Sheryl B. White, Douglas A. E. Sansom, Stephanie L. Branson, Bernard M. TI EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT HIV SCREENING WITH RAPID TESTS: A COST COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE MODELS SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERSONS AWARE; UNITED-STATES; CARE; HEALTH; UNAWARE AB Although previous studies have shown that HIV screening in emergency departments (EDs) is feasible, the costs and outcomes of alternative methods of implementing ED screening have not been examined. We compared the costs and outcomes of a model that used the hospital's ED staff to conduct screening, a supplemental staff model that used non-ED staff hired to conduct screening and a hypothetical hybrid model that combined aspects of both approaches. We developed a decision analytic model to estimate the cost per HIV-infected patient identified using alternative ED testing models. The cost per new HIV infection identified was $3,319, $2,084 and $1,850 under the supplemental, existing staff and hybrid models, respectively. Assuming an annual ED census of 50,000 patients, the existing staff model identified 29 more HIV infections than the supplemental model and the hybrid model identified 76 more infections than the existing staff model. Our findings suggest that a hybrid model should be favored over either a supplemental staff or existing staff model in terms of cost per outcome achieved. C1 [Hutchinson, Angela B.; Farnham, Paul G.; Lyss, Sheryl B.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [White, Douglas A. E.] Highland Hosp, Alameda Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Oakland, CA USA. RP Hutchinson, AB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ahutchinson@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 4 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 SU S BP 58 EP 69 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FQ UT WOS:000291763900006 PM 21689037 ER PT J AU Garland, PM Valverde, EE Fagan, J Beer, L Sanders, C Hillman, D Brady, K Courogen, M Bertolli, J AF Garland, Pamela Morse Valverde, Eduardo E. Fagan, Jennifer Beer, Linda Sanders, Catherine Hillman, Daniel Brady, Kathleen Courogen, Maria Bertolli, Jeanne CA NIC Study Grp TI HIV COUNSELING, TESTING AND REFERRAL EXPERIENCES OF PERSONS DIAGNOSED WITH HIV WHO HAVE NEVER ENTERED HIV MEDICAL CARE SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTED PERSONS; UNITED-STATES; SERVICES; PEOPLE; ACCESS; ENTRY; DELAY AB The HIV counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) encounter represents an important opportunity to actively facilitate entry into medical care for those who test positive for HIV, but its potential is not always realized. Ways to improve facilitation of linkage to care through the CTR encounter haven't been explored among HIV-infected persons who have not entered care. We conducted 42 structured and qualitative interviews among HIV-infected persons, diagnosed 5-19 months previously, in Indiana, Philadelphia and Washington State, who had not received HIV medical care. Respondents related individual and system-level barriers, as well as recommendations for improving the effectiveness of CTR as a facilitator of linkage to HIV medical care through more active referrals, and for strengthening the bridge between CTR and linkage to care services. Our findings suggest that standards for active case referral by CTR staff and integration of CTR and linkage to care services are needed. RP Garland, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E-46,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hge2@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 SU S BP 117 EP 127 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FQ UT WOS:000291763900011 PM 21689042 ER PT J AU Chandwani, S Abramowitz, S Koenig, LJ Barnes, W D'Angelo, L AF Chandwani, Sulachni Abramowitz, Susan Koenig, Linda J. Barnes, William D'Angelo, Lawrence TI A MULTIMODAL BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION TO IMPACT ADHERENCE AND RISK BEHAVIOR AMONG PERINATALLY AND BEHAVIORALLY HIV-INFECTED YOUTH: DESCRIPTION, DELIVERY, AND RECEPTIVITY OF ADOLESCENT IMPACT SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; YOUNG-PEOPLE; SELF-REPORT; HEALTH; EFFICACY; REACH AB Secondary prevention programs are needed to help HIV-positive youth reduce risk behavior and improve adherence to HIV medications. This article provides an overview of Adolescent Impact, a secondary HIV prevention intervention, including its description, delivery, and receptivity among the two unique groups of participants. Adolescent Impact, a 12-session behavioral intervention incorporating individual and group components was designed to increase HIV knowledge, disease management and risk reduction skills, and motivate healthy lifestyles among HIV-infected adolescents. A standardized protocol was implemented at three sites in the northeastern United States. One hundred sixty-six HIV-positive youth, aged 13-21 (mean = 16.8 years), enrolled in the study were randomized to receive either the intervention (n = 83) or standard of care (n = 83). Participants were predominantly of minority race/ethnicity (94% African American or Hispanic); 53% were female and 59.6% were perinatally infected. Perinatally infected youth were significantly more likely to be young, had experienced HIV Class C-related symptoms and had CD4-positive T lymphocyte counts of fewer than 200 cells (all p values < .01). The mean number of sessions attended was 9.4, with most (83.3%) participants attending at least half (>= 6) of the intervention sessions (86% perinatally infected, 78.6% behaviorally infected, p = .5). Participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics mirrored those of the larger HIV adolescent cohort in the United States Relatively high attendance rates suggest that youth were receptive to the program and its content. Through use of multiple intervention modalities, Adolescent Impact was able to accommodate a diverse group of clinic-attending HIV-positive youth and address the need for a compact intervention for use in the clinical setting. C1 [Chandwani, Sulachni] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Koenig, Linda J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barnes, William; D'Angelo, Lawrence] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Chandwani, S (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 550 1st Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM sulachni.chandwani@nyumc.org FU PHS HHS [U64CCU319455, U64CCU219448, U64CCU319459] NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 222 EP 235 PG 14 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FP UT WOS:000291763800003 PM 21696241 ER PT J AU Parker, ME Bentley, ME Chasela, C Adair, L Piwoz, EG Jamieson, DJ Ellington, S Kayira, D Soko, A Mkhomawanthu, C Tembo, M Martinson, F Van der Horst, CM AF Parker, Megan E. Bentley, Margaret E. Chasela, Charles Adair, Linda Piwoz, Ellen G. Jamieson, Denise J. Ellington, Sascha Kayira, Dumbani Soko, Alice Mkhomawanthu, Chimwemwe Tembo, Martin Martinson, Francis Van der Horst, Charles M. TI THE ACCEPTANCE AND FEASIBILITY OF REPLACEMENT FEEDING AT 6 MONTHS AS AN HIV PREVENTION METHOD IN LILONGWE, MALAWI: RESULTS FROM THE BAN STUDY SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID TO-USE FOOD; UNINFECTED CHILDREN BORN; HOME-BASED THERAPY; INFECTED MOTHERS; MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS; COMPLEMENTARY FOODS; FORTIFIED SPREADS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; SOUTH-AFRICA; BREAST-MILK AB International guidelines recommend EBF to age 6 months among HIV-infected mothers choosing to breast-feed and cessation thereafter if replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe. When mothers wean, they are challenged to provide an adequate replacement diet. This study investigates the use and acceptability of a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) as a breast-milk substitute when provided to infants (6-12mo) of HIV-positive mothers, as part of the Breast-feeding, Antiretroviral, and Nutrition (BAN) Study. A sub-sample of mothers (n = 45) participated in interviews that explored EBF, weaning, and strategies to feed LNS. Mothers reported several weaning strategies, including gradual reduction of breast-feeding, expressing breast-milk into a cup, and separation of mother and child. LNS, a peanut-based micronutrient fortified paste, was highly accepted and incorporated into the traditional diet. Weaning is a feasible HIV prevention method among this population in Malawi when supported by the provision of LNS as a breast-milk substitute. C1 [Parker, Megan E.; Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda; Van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Piwoz, Ellen G.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Ellington, Sascha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chasela, Charles; Soko, Alice; Mkhomawanthu, Chimwemwe; Martinson, Francis] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Tembo, Martin] Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Parker, ME (reprint author), IFPRI, 2033 K St NW, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM m.parker@cgiar.org FU FIC NIH HHS [2-D43 TW01039-06, R24 TW007988]; NCCDPHP CDC HHS [26-04 U48-DP000059-01, U48 DP000059]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410, P30-AI50410]; NICHD NIH HHS [1R03HD057775-01, R03 HD057775, R03 HD057775-01, R24 HD050924]; PHS HHS [13-01 U48-CCU409660-09] NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 281 EP 295 PG 15 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779FP UT WOS:000291763800007 PM 21696245 ER PT J AU Grajewski, B Waters, MA Yong, LC Tseng, CY Zivkovich, Z Cassinelli, RT AF Grajewski, Barbara Waters, Martha A. Yong, Lee C. Tseng, Chih-Yu Zivkovich, Zachary Cassinelli, Rick T., II TI Airline Pilot Cosmic Radiation and Circadian Disruption Exposure Assessment from Logbooks and Company Records SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE circadian disruption; cosmic radiation; exposure assessment; flight crew; pilots ID FEMALE FLIGHT ATTENDANTS; CANCER INCIDENCE; RHYTHM DISRUPTION; DOSE ESTIMATION; PUBLISHED DATA AB Methods: Exposures were estimated for cosmic ionizing radiation and circadian disruption between August 1963 and March 2003 for 83 male pilots from a major US airline. Estimates were based on 523 387 individual flight segments in company records and pilot logbooks as well as summary records of hours flown from other sources. Exposure was estimated by calculation or imputation for all but 0.02% of the individual flight segments' block time. Exposures were estimated from questionnaire data for a comparison group of 51 male university faculty. Results: Pilots flew a median of 7126 flight segments and 14 959 block hours for 27.8 years. In the final study year, a hypothetical pilot incurred an estimated median effective dose of 1.92 mSv (absorbed dose, 0.85 mGy) from cosmic radiation and crossed 362 time zones. This study pilot was possibly exposed to a moderate or large solar particle event a median of 6 times or once every 3.7 years of work. Work at the study airline and military flying were the two highest sources of pilot exposure for all metrics. An index of work during the standard sleep interval (SSI travel) also suggested potential chronic sleep disturbance in some pilots. For study airline flights, median segment radiation doses, time zones crossed, and SSI travel increased markedly from the 1990s to 2003 (P(trend) < 0.0001). Dose metrics were moderately correlated with records-based duration metrics (Spearman's r = 0.61-0.69). Conclusions: The methods developed provided an exposure profile of this group of US airline pilots, many of whom have been exposed to increasing cosmic radiation and circadian disruption from the 1990s through 2003. This assessment is likely to decrease exposure misclassification in health studies. C1 [Grajewski, Barbara; Waters, Martha A.; Yong, Lee C.; Tseng, Chih-Yu; Zivkovich, Zachary; Cassinelli, Rick T., II] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Grajewski, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BAG2@CDC.GOV FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [Y1CP802904]; National Cancer Institute [Y1CP802904]; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute. FX This work was part of the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). It was supported in part by an interagency agreement between NIOSH and the National Cancer Institute (contract Y1CP802904) and by the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 55 IS 5 BP 465 EP 475 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer024 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 778ZG UT WOS:000291747300002 PM 21610083 ER PT J AU Ford, ES AF Ford, Earl S. TI Trends in the Risk for Coronary Heart Disease Among Adults With Diagnosed Diabetes in the US Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2008 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; UNITED-KINGDOM; FRAMINGHAM; EQUATIONS; PREDICTION; ENGINE; HYPERTENSION; MORTALITY; MELLITUS; ADVANCE AB OBJECTIVE-Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of mortality among people with diabetes. The objective of this study was to examine the trend in an estimated 10-year risk for developing CHD among adults with diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Data from 1,977 adults, aged 30-79 years, with diagnosed diabetes who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2000 to 2007-2008 were used. Estimated risk was calculated using risk prediction algorithms from the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, and the Framingham Heart Study. RESULTS-Significant improvements in mean HbA(1c) concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol occurred. No significant linear trend for current smoking status was observed. The estimated UKPDS 10-year risk for CHD was 21.1% in 1999-2000 and 16.4% in 2007-2008 (P(linear trend) < 0.001). The risk decreased significantly among men, women, whites, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. CONCLUSIONS-The estimated 10-year risk for CHD among adults with diabetes has improved significantly from 1999-2000 to 2007-2008. Sustained efforts in improving risk factors should further benefit the cardiovascular health of people with diabetes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1337 EP 1343 DI 10.2337/dc10-2251 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 780HX UT WOS:000291846200017 PM 21505207 ER PT J AU Li, CY Balluz, LS Ford, ES Okoro, CA Tsai, J Zhao, GX AF Li, Chaoyang Balluz, Lina S. Ford, Earl S. Okoro, Catherine A. Tsai, James Zhao, Guixiang TI Association Between Diagnosed Diabetes and Self-Reported Cancer Among US Adults Findings from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE-To assess the association between diagnosed diabetes and self-reported cancer among U.S. adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We analyzed data for 397,783 adults who participated in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and had valid data on diabetes and cancer. RESULTS-After adjustment for potential confounders, diabetic men had higher adjusted prevalence ratios for cancers of the prostate (1.1 [95% CI 1.0-1.3]), colon (1.3 [1.0-1.7]), pancreas (4.6 [1.8-11.7]), rectum (2.2 [1.0-4.7]), urinary bladder (1.7 [1.2-2.2]), and kidney (1.9 [1.2-3.0]) than nondiabetic men (all P < 0.05). Diabetic women had higher adjusted prevalence ratios for cancers of the breast (1.1 [1.0-1.3]) and endometrium (1.6 [1.2-2.0]), and leukemia (2.3 [1.3-4.2]) than nondiabetic women (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS-Our results suggest that diabetic adults have higher prevalences of certain cancers than nondiabetic adults. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.; Okoro, Catherine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1365 EP 1368 DI 10.2337/dc11-0020 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 780HX UT WOS:000291846200022 PM 21505205 ER PT J AU Dahm, MM Yencken, MS Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Dahm, Matthew M. Yencken, Marianne S. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. TI Exposure Control Strategies in the Carbonaceous Nanomaterial Industry SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID NANOTUBES AB Objective: Little is known about exposure control strategies currently being implemented to minimize exposures during the production or use of nanomaterials in the United States. Our goal was to estimate types and quantities of materials used and factors related to workplace exposure reductions among companies manufacturing or using engineered carbonaceous nanomaterials (ECNs). Methods: Information was collected through phone surveys on work practices and exposure control strategies from 30 participating producers and users of ECN. The participants were classified into three groups for further examination. Results: We report here the use of exposure control strategies. Observed patterns suggest that large-scale manufacturers report greater use of nanospecific exposure control strategies particularly for respiratory protection. Conclusion: Workplaces producing or using ECN generally report using engineering and administrative controls as well as personal protective equipment to control workplace employee exposure. C1 [Dahm, Matthew M.; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Yencken, Marianne S.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. RP Dahm, MM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mdahm@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; Dahm, Matthew/I-2131-2012 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; FU PHS HHS [7-04M21] NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S68 EP S73 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1d3b PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100017 PM 21654421 ER PT J AU Kuempel, ED AF Kuempel, Eileen D. TI Carbon Nanotube Risk Assessment Implications for Exposure and Medical Monitoring SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID LUNG INFLAMMATION; INHALATION; RATS; MODEL AB Objective: Quantitative risk estimates using toxicology data provide information for risk management to protect workers with potential exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Methods: Dose response data from subchronic inhalation studies in rats were used in benchmark dose modeling. Dose was airborne mass concentration of multiwalled CNTs. Responses included pulmonary inflammation, lipoproteinosis, and fibrosis. Results: Estimated human-equivalent concentrations to the rat lowest observed adverse effect levels were similar to some workplace airborne concentrations of CNTs. Working lifetime risk estimates of early-stage adverse lung effects were more than 10% at the limit of quantification (7 mu g/m(3)) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health analytical method for measuring CNT airborne concentrations. Conclusions: Exposure monitoring and control are the primary occupational health measures to protect workers from potential exposure to CNT. Medical monitoring for early detection of occupational respiratory diseases may also be warranted. C1 NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kuempel, ED (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ekuempel@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S91 EP S97 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1f3f PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100021 PM 21654426 ER PT J AU Laney, AS McCauley, LA Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Laney, A. Scott McCauley, Linda A. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. TI Workshop Summary: Epidemiologic Design Strategies for Studies of Nanomaterial Workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID PULMONARY-DISEASE; RAILROAD WORKERS AB Objective: The potential health consequences of exposure to nanomaterials have yet to be elucidated though increasing evidence points to the potential for nanomaterials to cause adverse human health effects. This workshop addressed the feasibility of developing studies to measure health risks among nanomaterial workers. Methods: Breakout groups discussed different epidemiologic designs and methods to encourage companies to collect and retain exposure and health data. Results: Major challenges include defining and recruitment of appropriate study populations and obtaining adequate exposure data. Both prospective cohort studies and small cross-sectional panel studies utilizing biomarkers of exposure and effect offer approaches to study occupational groups. Conclusions: Potential exists to assemble cohorts to study the human health effects associated with nanomaterial exposure. Stakeholder partnerships are critical to the success of these studies and international partnerships hold great potential. C1 [McCauley, Linda A.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Laney, A. Scott; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCauley, LA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Nursing, 1520 Clifton Rd,Ste 402, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lmccaul@emory.edu RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S87 EP S90 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1af5 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100020 PM 21654425 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Dahm, MM Yencken, MS AF Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Dahm, Matthew M. Yencken, Marianne S. TI Engineered Carbonaceous Nanomaterials Manufacturers in the United States Workforce Size, Characteristics, and Feasibility of Epidemiologic Studies SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID EXPOSURE; NANOTUBES; IDENTIFICATION; TOXICITY; LUNG; MICE AB Objective: Toxicology studies suggest that carbon nanotube (CNT) exposures may cause adverse pulmonary effects. This study identified all US engineered carbonaceous nanomaterial (ECN) manufacturers, determined workforce size and growth, and characterized the materials produced to determine the feasibility of occupational ECN exposure studies. Methods: Eligible companies were identified; information was assembled on the companies and nanomaterials they produced; and the workforce size, location, and growth were estimated. Results: Sixty-one companies manufacturing ECN in the United States were identified. These companies employed at least 620 workers; workforce growth was projected at 15% to 17% annually. Most companies produced or used CNT. Half the eligible companies provided information about material dimensions, quantities, synthesis methods, and worker exposure reduction strategies. Conclusions: Industrywide exposure assessment studies appear feasible; however, cohort studies are likely infeasible because of the small, scattered workforce. C1 [Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.; Dahm, Matthew M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Yencken, Marianne S.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. RP Schubauer-Berigan, MK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zcg3@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; Dahm, Matthew/I-2131-2012 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; FU PHS HHS [97-04M21] NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S67 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1e2c PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100016 PM 21654420 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Trout, DB Hodson, LL AF Schulte, Paul A. Trout, Douglas B. Hodson, Laura L. TI Introduction to the JOEM Supplement Nanomaterials and Worker Health Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schulte, Paul A.; Trout, Douglas B.; Hodson, Laura L.] NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Hodson, Laura/F-4585-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821aec09 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100001 PM 21654408 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Mundt, DJ Nasterlack, M Mulloy, KB Mundt, KA AF Schulte, Paul A. Mundt, Diane J. Nasterlack, Michael Mulloy, Karen B. Mundt, Kenneth A. TI Exposure Registries Overview and Utility for Nanomaterial Workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID RADIATION-DOSE-REGISTRY; MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE; BLADDER-CANCER; HIGH-RISK; HEALTH REGISTRY; NOTIFICATION; NANOPARTICLES; MANAGEMENT AB Objective: This article provides the background for consideration of exposure registries to address potential disease risks in nanomaterial workers. Methods: The history of exposure registries is reviewed with a focus on their purpose and criteria for establishment. Results: A rationale is presented for developing registries of nanomaterial workers, and unresolved obstacles and challenges are identified. These include issues on inclusion criteria, funding, potential for legal risks, access to data, confidentiality of business information, privacy, and workers' expectations. Conclusion: If society is to gain the benefits from nanotechnology, it must take precautions and demonstrate care for those, such as workers, who may be most at risk of adverse effects. Establishing exposure registries is a part of such a precautionary and caring approach. C1 [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mundt, Diane J.; Mundt, Kenneth A.] ENVIRON Int Corp, Boston, MA USA. [Mundt, Diane J.; Mundt, Kenneth A.] ENVIRON Int Corp, Amherst, MA USA. [Nasterlack, Michael] BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Mulloy, Karen B.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Mt & Plains Educ & Res Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S42 EP S47 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821aebed PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100012 PM 21654416 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Trout, DB AF Schulte, Paul A. Trout, Douglas B. TI Nanomaterials and Worker Health Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) ID ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; CARBON-NANOTUBES; HAZARD SURVEILLANCE; INHALATION EXPOSURE; DIESEL EXHAUST; NANOPARTICLES; WORKPLACE; STATE; RATS AB Objective: This article provides an overview of the issues that arise with medical surveillance, exposure registration, and epidemiologic research involving nanomaterial workers. Methods: An occupational health perspective is applied to detecting risks in nanomaterial workers individually and as a group. Results: General principles for medical surveillance, exposure registration, and epidemiologic research are identified. A model Nanomaterial Worker Health Study is for consideration. Conclusions: The Nanomaterial Worker Health Study can be developed as a tangible action in assuring the public that steps are being taken to learn of any adverse effects from exposure to nanomaterials. C1 [Schulte, Paul A.; Trout, Douglas B.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S3 EP S7 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1b28 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100002 PM 21654413 ER PT J AU Trout, DB AF Trout, Douglas B. TI General Principles of Medical Surveillance Implications for Workers Potentially Exposed to Nanomaterials SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Medical Surveillance, Exposure Registries, and Epidemiologic Research CY JUL 21-23, 2010 CL Keystone, CO SP Natl Inst Occupation Safety & Hlth (NIOSH) AB Objective: As potential occupational exposure to nanomaterials becomes more prevalent, it is important that the principles of medical surveillance be considered for workers in the nanotechnology industry. Methods: The principles of medical surveillance are reviewed to further the discussion of occupational health surveillance for workers exposed to nanomaterials. Results: Because of the rapid evolution of nanotechnology, information may not be available to make a well-informed determination of all factors needed to evaluate risk of health effects from occupational exposure to nanomaterials. Conclusion: Every workplace dealing with engineered nanomaterials should conduct hazard and exposure assessments as part of an overall surveillance needs assessment for nanotechnology workers. In workplaces where risk is felt to be present, or at least cannot be ruled out, initiation of medical surveillance is prudent to protect workers' health. C1 NIOSH, DSHEFS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Trout, DB (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, R-12,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dtrout@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 SU S BP S22 EP S24 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31821b1e45 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 777LK UT WOS:000291619100006 PM 21606848 ER PT J AU Rasberry, CN Lee, SM Robin, L Laris, BA Russell, LA Coyle, KK Nihiser, AJ AF Rasberry, Catherine N. Lee, Sarah M. Robin, Leah Laris, B. A. Russell, Lisa A. Coyle, Karin K. Nihiser, Allison J. TI The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance: A systematic review of the literature SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Physical activity; Physical education; Recess; Academic achievement ID EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES; CLASSROOM-BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENT ADJUSTMENT; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; MOTOR-SKILLS; CHILDREN; PARTICIPATION; ACHIEVEMENT; EXERCISE; STUDENTS AB Objective. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the scientific literature that has examined the association between school-based physical activity (including physical education) and academic performance (including indicators of cognitive skills and attitudes, academic behaviors, and academic achievement). Method. Relevant research was identified through a search of nine electronic databases using both physical activity and academic-related search terms. Forty-three articles (reporting a total of 50 unique studies) met the inclusion criteria and were read, abstracted, and coded for this synthesis. Findings of the 50 studies were then summarized. Results. Across all the studies, there were a total of 251 associations between physical activity and academic performance, representing measures of academic achievement, academic behavior, and cognitive skills and attitudes. Slightly more than half (50.5%) of all associations examined were positive, 48% were not significant, and 1.5% were negative. Examination of the findings by each physical activity context provides insights regarding specific relationships. Conclusion. Results suggest physical activity is either positively related to academic performance or that there is not a demonstrated relationship between physical activity and academic performance. Results have important implications for both policy and schools. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rasberry, Catherine N.; Lee, Sarah M.; Robin, Leah; Nihiser, Allison J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Laris, B. A.; Russell, Lisa A.; Coyle, Karin K.] ETR Associates, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. RP Rasberry, CN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS K-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CRasberry@cdc.gov RI Nihiser, Allison/B-8662-2014; Rasberry, Catherine/P-1984-2016 OI Rasberry, Catherine/0000-0001-8256-6961 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) [200-2002-00800]; ETR Associates FX This review was conducted, in part, for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH) under contract #200-2002-00800 with ETR Associates. NR 67 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 17 U2 100 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S10 EP S20 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.027 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 779DS UT WOS:000291758900003 PM 21291905 ER PT J AU Gibney, KB Robinson, S Mutebi, JP Hoenig, DE Bernier, BJ Webber, L Lubelczyk, C Nett, RJ Fischer, M AF Gibney, Katherine B. Robinson, Sara Mutebi, John-Paul Hoenig, Donald E. Bernier, Brian J. Webber, Lori Lubelczyk, Charles Nett, Randall J. Fischer, Marc TI Eastern Equine Encephalitis: An Emerging Arboviral Disease Threat, Maine, 2009 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE eastern equine encephalitis; encephalitis; maine; meningitis ID OUTBREAK AB Background: Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is one of the most severe arboviral encephalitides in North America. Before 2009, limited nonhuman EEE virus activity had been reported in Maine, all from the southernmost area of the state. No human case has been reported in a Maine resident. Methods: We review all EEE virus activity reported to Maine Centers for Disease Control in 2009 and describe current testing practices for possible human EEE cases. Results: In 2009, fatal cases of EEE were identified in 15 horses, 1 llama, and 3 flocks of pheasants in Maine, with activity extending into the central part of the state. Although no human EEE cases were identified, diagnostic testing practices of most meningitis and encephalitis cases were inadequate to exclude EEE. Conclusions: Work to better define the expanding range of EEE virus in Maine is warranted, along with education of healthcare providers regarding appropriate testing for this serious disease. C1 [Gibney, Katherine B.; Mutebi, John-Paul; Nett, Randall J.; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gibney, Katherine B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robinson, Sara] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Epidemiol Program, Augusta, ME USA. [Hoenig, Donald E.] Maine Dept Agr Food & Rural Resources, Div Anim Hlth & Ind, Augusta, ME USA. [Bernier, Brian J.; Webber, Lori] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth & Environm Testing Lab, Augusta, ME USA. [Lubelczyk, Charles] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Vector Borne Dis Lab, Portland, ME 04102 USA. RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mfischer@cdc.gov OI Gibney, Katherine/0000-0001-5851-5339 NR 10 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 637 EP 639 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0189 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 778PV UT WOS:000291717500008 PM 21254938 ER PT J AU Brault, AC Kinney, RM Maharaj, PD Green, ENG Reisen, WK Huang, CYH AF Brault, Aaron C. Kinney, Richard M. Maharaj, Payal D. Green, Emily N. G. Reisen, William K. Huang, Claire Y-H TI Replication of the Primary Dog Kidney-53 Dengue 2 Virus Vaccine Candidate in Aedes aegypti Is Modulated by a Mutation in the 5 ' Untranslated Region and Amino Acid Substitutions in Nonstructural Proteins 1 and 3 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Dengue; Mosquito; PDK-53; Vaccine ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; STRAIN 16681; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; VIRAL DISSEMINATION; ATTENUATION MARKERS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; MOSQUITO VECTORS; ORAL INFECTION AB Previous studies have demonstrated reduced replication of the cell culture-adapted Dengue-2 virus (DENV-2) vaccine candidate, primary dog kidney (PDK)-53, compared with the parental DENV-2 strain, 16681, in C6/36 cells. Various DENV-2 mutants incorporating PDK-53 substitutions singly and in combination into the 16681 genetic backbone were used to identify the genetic basis for impaired replication of the vaccine candidate in vitro in Aedes aegypti cell culture (Aag2 cells) as well as the reduced in vivo infectivity and transmissibility within Ae. aegypti infected by intrathoracic inoculation. 50 untranslated region (UTR-c57t) and nonstructural protein 1 (NS1-G53D) mutations were required to completely attenuate in vitro replication. In contrast, incorporation of the PDK-53-specific NS3-250V mutation into the 16681 virus resulted in reduced replication in mosquitoes but had no effect on in vitro replication. Further, reversion of the PDK-53 NS3-250 site to that of the wild-type 16681 virus (NS3-V250E) failed to increase either in vitro or in vivo replication. Intrathoracic inoculation of Ae. aegypti with mutants containing the PDK-53 NS1 substitution exhibited in vivo replication indistinguishable from the parental PDK-53 virus, implicating this mutation as the dominant determinant for impaired mosquito replication of the PDK-53 candidate; however, further attenuation of in vivo replication was magnified in mutants including the additional 5'UTR-c57t mutation. C1 [Brault, Aaron C.; Kinney, Richard M.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Huang, Claire Y-H] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Brault, Aaron C.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Green, Emily N. G.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Foothills Campus,Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM abrault@cdc.gov OI Maharaj, Payal/0000-0002-4157-4479 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was partially funded by a research contract to the University of California, Davis from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Claire Huang and Richard Kinney are among the inventors, and recipients of an awarded patent, of candidate live-attenuated, chimeric dengue vaccine viruses that are based on the attenuated genetic background of the DENV-2 PDK-53 strain. CDC has licensed these candidate vaccine viruses to Inviragen Inc. for commercial manufacture and clinical trial. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 683 EP 689 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0150 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 778PV UT WOS:000291717500014 PM 21284523 ER PT J AU Lampe, MA Smith, DK Anderson, GJE Edwards, AE Nesheim, SR AF Lampe, Margaret A. Smith, Dawn K. Anderson, Gillian J. E. Edwards, Ashley E. Nesheim, Steven R. TI Achieving safe conception in HIV-discordant couples: the potential role of oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE conception; discordant couples; human immunodeficiency virus; preexposure prophylaxis; pregnancy ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; HIV-1-SERODISCORDANT COUPLES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFERTILITY SERVICES; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; DRUG-RESISTANCE; RHESUS MACAQUES; GENITAL-TRACT AB Approximately half of HIV-discordant heterosexual couples in the United States want children. Oral antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis, if effective in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission, might be an option for discordant couples wanting to conceive. Couples should receive services to ensure they enter pregnancy in optimal health and receive education about all conception methods that reduce the risk of HIV transmission. In considering whether preexposure prophylaxis is indicated, the question is whether it contributes to lowering risk in couples who have decided to conceive despite known risks. If preexposure prophylaxis is used, precautions similar to those in the current heterosexual preexposure prophylaxis trials would be recommended, and the unknown risks of preexposure prophylaxis used during conception and early fetal development should be considered. Anecdotal reports suggest that oral preexposure prophylaxis use is already occurring. It is time to have open discussions of when and how preexposure prophylaxis might be indicated for HIV-discordant couples attempting conception. C1 [Lampe, Margaret A.; Smith, Dawn K.; Anderson, Gillian J. E.; Edwards, Ashley E.; Nesheim, Steven R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lampe, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 AR 488.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.026 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 775QL UT WOS:000291477300019 PM 21457911 ER PT J AU Kreuter, JD Barnes, A McCarthy, JE Schwartzman, JD Oberste, MS Rhodes, CH Modlin, JF Wright, PF AF Kreuter, Justin D. Barnes, Arti McCarthy, James E. Schwartzman, Joseph D. Oberste, M. Steven Rhodes, C. Harker Modlin, John F. Wright, Peter F. TI A Fatal Central Nervous System Enterovirus 68 Infection SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMPLICATIONS; FEATURES; CHILDREN; DISEASE; TAIWAN AB The anticipated eradication of poliovirus emphasizes the need to identify other enteroviral causes of severe central nervous system disease. Enterovirus 68 has been implicated only in cases of respiratory illness. We therefore report a case of fatal meningomyeloencephalitis caused by enterovirus 68 in a 5-year-old boy, which required neuropathology, microbiology, and molecular techniques to diagnose. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135:793-796) C1 [Kreuter, Justin D.; Schwartzman, Joseph D.; Rhodes, C. Harker] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [Barnes, Arti] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Med, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [McCarthy, James E.; Modlin, John F.; Wright, Peter F.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Virol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kreuter, JD (reprint author), Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1 Med Ctr Dr, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. EM justin.d.kreuter@hitchcock.org NR 15 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 6 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 135 IS 6 BP 793 EP 796 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 774QA UT WOS:000291400000020 PM 21631275 ER PT J AU Bush, KF Luber, G Kotha, SR Dhaliwal, RS Kapil, V Pascual, M Brown, DG Frumkin, H Dhiman, RC Hess, J Wilson, ML Balakrishnan, K Eisenberg, J Kaur, T Rood, R Batterman, S Joseph, A Gronlund, CJ Agrawal, A Hu, H AF Bush, Kathleen F. Luber, George Kotha, S. Rani Dhaliwal, R. S. Kapil, Vikas Pascual, Mercedes Brown, Daniel G. Frumkin, Howard Dhiman, R. C. Hess, Jeremy Wilson, Mark L. Balakrishnan, Kalpana Eisenberg, Joseph Kaur, Tanvir Rood, Richard Batterman, Stuart Joseph, Aley Gronlund, Carina J. Agrawal, Arun Hu, Howard TI Impacts of Climate Change on Public Health in India: Future Research Directions SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE air pollution; climate change; climate variability; health; heat; India; vector-borne; waterborne ID GLOBAL HEALTH; MALARIA RISK; BURDEN; VULNERABILITY; TEMPERATURE; POLLUTION; MORTALITY; DISEASES; DELHI; HEAT AB BACKGROUND: Climate change and associated increases in climate variability will likely further exacerbate global health disparities. More research is needed, particularly in developing countries, to accurately predict the anticipated impacts and inform effective interventions. OBJECTIVES: Building on the information presented at the 2009 Joint Indo-U.S. Workshop on Climate Change and Health in Goa, India, we reviewed relevant literature and data, addressed gaps in knowledge, and identified priorities and strategies for future research in India. DISCUSSION: The scope of the problem in India is enormous, based on the potential for climate change and variability to exacerbate endemic malaria, dengue, yellow fever, cholera, and chikungunya, as well as chronic diseases, particularly among the millions of people who already experience poor sanitation, pollution, malnutrition, and a shortage of drinking water. Ongoing efforts to study these risks were discussed but remain scant. A universal theme of the recommendations developed was the importance of improving the surveillance, monitoring, and integration of meteorological, environmental, geo-spatial, and health data while working in parallel to implement adaptation strategies. CONCLUSIONS: It will be critical for India to invest in improvements in information infrastructure that are innovative and that promote interdisciplinary collaborations while embarking on adaptation strategies. This will require unprecedented levels of collaboration across diverse institutions in India and abroad. The data can be used in research on the likely impacts of climate change on health that reflect India's diverse climates and populations. Local human and technical capacities for risk communication and promoting adaptive behavior must also be enhanced. C1 [Bush, Kathleen F.; Eisenberg, Joseph; Batterman, Stuart; Gronlund, Carina J.; Hu, Howard] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Luber, George; Kapil, Vikas; Hess, Jeremy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kotha, S. Rani] Univ Michigan, Ctr Global Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dhaliwal, R. S.; Kaur, Tanvir] Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India. [Pascual, Mercedes; Wilson, Mark L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Evolutionary & Ecol Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pascual, Mercedes] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA. [Brown, Daniel G.; Agrawal, Arun] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Frumkin, Howard] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dhiman, R. C.] Natl Inst Malaria Res, New Delhi, India. [Wilson, Mark L.; Eisenberg, Joseph; Joseph, Aley] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Balakrishnan, Kalpana] Sri Ramachandra Univ, Dept Environm Hlth & Engn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. [Rood, Richard] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Bush, KF (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 6th Floor,SPH Tower,1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kfbush@umich.edu RI Brown, Daniel/L-8089-2013; Rood, Richard/C-5611-2008; Agrawal, Arun/A-4257-2009; Balakrishnan, Kalpana/B-6653-2015 OI Hu, Howard/0000-0002-3676-2707; Brown, Daniel/0000-0001-6023-5950; Rood, Richard/0000-0002-2310-4262; Agrawal, Arun/0000-0001-6796-2958; Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534; Batterman, Stuart/0000-0001-9894-5325; Balakrishnan, Kalpana/0000-0002-5905-1801 FU University of Michigan FX This work is based on the 2009 workshop in Goa, India, which was principally supported by the University of Michigan Center for Global Health, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Indian Council for Medical Research. K. F. B. was supported by a University of Michigan Graham Environmental Sustainability Institute doctoral fellowship. NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 67 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 119 IS 6 BP 765 EP 770 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003000 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 771JC UT WOS:000291152000018 PM 21273162 ER PT J AU Berg, JS Khoury, MJ Evans, JP AF Berg, Jonathan S. Khoury, Muin J. Evans, James P. TI Deploying whole genome sequencing in clinical practice and public health: Meeting the challenge one bin at a time SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID EGAPP WORKING GROUP; LYNCH-SYNDROME; COLORECTAL-CANCER; WIDE ASSOCIATION; MEDICINE; RISK; RECOMMENDATIONS; INFORMATION; DISEASES C1 [Berg, Jonathan S.; Evans, James P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Berg, JS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM JSBerg@med.unc.edu NR 35 TC 233 Z9 235 U1 3 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 BP 499 EP 504 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e318220aaba PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 774ZX UT WOS:000291426800002 PM 21558861 ER PT J AU Kennedy, A LaVail, K Nowak, G Basket, M Landry, S AF Kennedy, Allison LaVail, Katherine Nowak, Glen Basket, Michelle Landry, Sarah TI Confidence About Vaccines In The United States: Understanding Parents' Perceptions SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INFORMATION; PREVENTABLE DISEASES; VACCINATION COVERAGE; IMMUNIZATION; CARE; SYSTEM; COMMUNICATION; CONTROVERSIES; QUALITY; SAFETY AB The United States has made tremendous progress in using vaccines to prevent serious, often infectious, diseases. But concerns about such issues as vaccines' safety and the increasing complexity of immunization schedules have fostered doubts about the necessity of vaccinations. We investigated parents' confidence in childhood vaccines by reviewing recent survey data. We found that most parents-even those whose children receive all of the recommended vaccines-have questions, concerns, or misperceptions about them. We suggest ways to give parents the information they need and to keep the US national vaccination program a success. C1 [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [LaVail, Katherine] Carter Consulting Inc, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Landry, Sarah] Natl Vaccine Program Off, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Kennedy, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM akennedy@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 28 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1151 EP 1159 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0396 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 775CT UT WOS:000291436100021 PM 21653969 ER PT J AU Ryan, LJ Ferrieri, P Powell, RD Paddock, CD Zaki, SR Pambuccian, SE AF Ryan, Lori J. Ferrieri, Patricia Powell, Ralph D., Jr. Paddock, Christopher D. Zaki, Sherif R. Pambuccian, Stefan E. TI Fatal Cokeromyces recurvatus Pneumonia: Report of a Case Highlighting the Potential for Histopathologic Misdiagnosis as Coccidioides SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cokeromyces recurvatus pneumonia; Coccidioides immitis ID MARROW TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT; PERITONEAL-FLUID; IDENTIFICATION; ZYGOMYCOSIS; FUNGI AB Cokeromyces recurvatus is a dimorphic zygomycete with histologic morphology similar to Coccidioides immitis. A 66-year-old man who was status-post bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia was hospitalized with new onset rash, nausea, and vomiting and subsequently expired. A sputum culture collected on the day of death revealed heavy growth of C. recurvatus 6 days after collection. At autopsy, microscopic examination of the lungs revealed numerous thick-walled, nonbudding spherules ranging in size from 40 to 80 mu m. Initial immunohistochemical staining of the formalin-fixed lung tissue was positive for Coccidioides. Additional immunoperoxidase staining revealed the organisms were consistent with a zygomycete fungus, compatible with C. recurvatus infection. Polymerase chain reaction using panfungal primers was attempted on the formalin-fixed tissue but was inconclusive. This case highlights the potential for misdiagnosing Cokeromyces as Coccidioides when the diagnosis is based on histology and immunohistochemical staining. C1 [Pambuccian, Stefan E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Div Cytopathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pambuccian, SE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Div Cytopathol, 420 Delaware SE,C422 Mayo,MMC 76, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM pambu001@umn.edu NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1066-8969 J9 INT J SURG PATHOL JI Int. J. Surg. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 19 IS 3 BP 373 EP 376 DI 10.1177/1066896908330483 PG 4 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA 776TD UT WOS:000291560000018 PM 19147507 ER PT J AU Jackson, KA Biggerstaff, M Tobin-D'Angelo, M Sweat, D Klos, R Nosari, J Garrison, O Boothe, E Saathoff-Huber, L Hainstock, L Fagan, RP AF Jackson, K. A. Biggerstaff, M. Tobin-D'Angelo, M. Sweat, D. Klos, R. Nosari, J. Garrison, O. Boothe, E. Saathoff-Huber, L. Hainstock, L. Fagan, R. P. TI Multistate Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes Associated with Mexican-Style Cheese Made from Pasteurized Milk among Pregnant, Hispanic Women SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ILLNESS AB Listeriosis is a severe infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Since 2004, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has requested that listeriosis patients be interviewed using a standardized Listeria Initiative (LI) questionnaire. In January 2009, states and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began investigating a multistate outbreak of listeriosis among pregnant, Hispanic women. We defined a case as an illness occurring between October 2008 and March 2009 with art L. monocytogenes isolate indistinguishable from the outbreak strain by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. We conducted a multistate case-control study using controls that were selected from L. monocytogenes illnesses in non-outbreak-related pregnant, Hispanic women that were reported to the LI during 2004 to 2008. Eight cases in five states were identified. Seven of these were pregnant, Hispanic females aged 21 to 43 years, and one was a 3-year-old Hispanic girl, who was excluded from the study. Seven (100%) cases but only 26 (60%) of 43 controls had consumed Mexican-style cheese in the month before illness (odds ratio, 5.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to infinity; P = 0.04). Cultures of asadero cheese made from pasteurized milk collected at a manufacturing facility during routine sampling by the Michigan Department of Agriculture on 23 February 2009 yielded the outbreak strain, leading to a recall of cheeses produced in the plant. Recalled product was traced to stores where at least three of the women had purchased cheese. This investigation highlights the usefulness of routine product sampling for identifying contaminated foods, of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis to detect multistate outbreaks, and of the LI for providing timely exposure information for case-control analyses. Recalls of contaminated cheeses likely prevented additional illnesses. C1 [Jackson, K. A.; Biggerstaff, M.; Fagan, R. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, M.] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Sweat, D.] N Carolina Div Publ Health, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Klos, R.] Wisconsin Dept Hlth Serv, Madison, WI 53703 USA. [Nosari, J.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Div Food Drugs & Dairies, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Garrison, O.] Georgia Dept Agr, Consumer Protect Div, Atlanta, GA 30334 USA. [Boothe, E.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Control Sect, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Hainstock, L.] Michigan Dept Agr, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. RP Jackson, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gqv8@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 74 IS 6 BP 949 EP 953 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-536 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 776HG UT WOS:000291524500012 PM 21669072 ER PT J AU Gould, LH Seys, S Everstine, K Norton, D Ripley, D Reimann, D Dreyfuss, M Chen, WS Selman, CA AF Gould, L. Hannah Seys, Scott Everstine, Karen Norton, Dawn Ripley, Danny Reimann, David Dreyfuss, Moshe Chen, Wu San Selman, Carol A. TI Recordkeeping Practices of Beef Grinding Activities at Retail Establishments SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GROUND-BEEF AB Ground beef has been implicated as a transmission vehicle in foodborne outbreaks of infection with pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. During outbreak investigations, traceback of contaminated beef to the producing facility is often unsuccessful because of inadequate recordkeeping at retail establishments that grind beef products. We conducted a survey in three states participating in the Environmental Health Specialists Network to describe beef grinding and recordkeeping practices at retail establishments. In each establishment that maintained grinding logs, three randomly selected records were reviewed to determine whether important data elements for traceback investigations were recorded. One hundred twenty-five stores were surveyed, of which 60 (49%) kept grinding logs, including 54 (74%) of 73 chain stores and 6 (12%) of 51 independent stores. One hundred seventy-six grinding records from 61 stores were reviewed. Seventy-three percent of the records included the establishment code of the source beef, 72% included the grind date and time, and 59% included the lot number of the source beef. Seventy-five percent of records noted whether trimmings were included in grinds, and 57% documented cleanup activities. Only 39 (22%) records had all of these variables completed. Of stores that did not keep grinding logs, 40% were unaware of their purpose. To facilitate effective and efficient traceback investigations by regulatory agencies, retail establishments should maintain records more detailed and complete of all grinding activities. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Seys, Scott] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Foodborne Dis Invest Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Everstine, Karen; Reimann, David] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55101 USA. [Norton, Dawn] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Ripley, Danny] Nashville Davidson Cty Metro Publ Hlth Dept, Nashville, TN 37201 USA. [Dreyfuss, Moshe; Chen, Wu San] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Microbiol Issues Branch, USDA, Aerosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Selman, Carol A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1022 EP 1024 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-370 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 776HG UT WOS:000291524500025 PM 21669085 ER PT J AU Schoenfisch, AL Dollard, SC Amin, M Gardner, LI Klein, RS Mayer, K Rompalo, A Sober, JD Cannon, MJ AF Schoenfisch, Ashley L. Dollard, Sheila C. Amin, Minal Gardner, Lytt I. Klein, Robert S. Mayer, Kenneth Rompalo, Anne Sober, Jack D. Cannon, Michael J. TI Cytomegalovirus (CMV) shedding is highly correlated with markers of immunosuppression in CMV-seropositive women SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; NONPREGNANT WOMEN; PREGNANT-WOMEN; HEARING-LOSS; PRIMARY INFECTION; VIRUS-INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; EXCRETION AB Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enters latency following primary infection and can subsequently reactivate. Reinfection with a different viral strain can also occur. During these events, CMV is shed in bodily fluids. This study examined correlates of CMV shedding in specimens obtained from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study, a multicenter cohort study of US women with or at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Among the women studied, 91.4% (911/997) were CMV IgG seropositive. Of these women, 2.7% (25/911) were CMV IgM seropositive. CMV DNA was detected via real-time PCR more frequently in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) specimens (55/764, 7.2%) than in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (26/897, 2.9%). CMV viral loads in 1 ml CVL (median 534; mean 2598; range=40-74 844) were higher than in 106 PBMCs (median 264; mean 1287; range=35-13 250). CMV DNA in PBMCs was associated with HIV seropositivity [odds ratio (OR) 13.5; 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.8-100], increasing HIV viral load (P<0.001 for trend), decreasing CD4 cell counts (P<0.001 for trend) and CMV DNA in CVL (OR 26; 95% Cl 10.7-64). CMV DNA in CVL specimens was associated with CMV IgM seropositivity (OR 4.3; 95% Cl 1.5-12.3), HIV seropositivity (OR 7.3; 95% Cl 2.6-20), increasing HIV viral load (P<0.001 for trend) and decreasing CD4 cell counts (P<0.001 for trend). The positive predictive value of CMV IgM seropositivity for CMV DNA shedding in either PBMCs or CVL was 20%. In summary, CMV shedding in CVL and PBMCs was highly correlated with each other and with markers of immune suppression. C1 [Cannon, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schoenfisch, Ashley L.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dollard, Sheila C.; Amin, Minal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gardner, Lytt I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Monash Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Rompalo, Anne] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sober, Jack D.] Wayne State Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 6 BP 768 EP 774 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.027771-0 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 774FJ UT WOS:000291370200011 PM 21393456 ER PT J AU Gunawardana, M Moss, JA Smith, TJ Kennedy, S Kopin, E Nguyen, C Malone, AM Rabe, L Schaudinn, C Webster, P Srinivasan, P Sweeney, ED Smith, JM Baum, MM AF Gunawardana, Manjula Moss, John A. Smith, Thomas J. Kennedy, Sean Kopin, Etana Cali Nguyen Malone, Amanda M. Rabe, Lorna Schaudinn, Christoph Webster, Paul Srinivasan, Priya Sweeney, Elizabeth D. Smith, James M. Baum, Marc M. TI Microbial biofilms on the surface of intravaginal rings worn in non-human primates SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENTLY LABELED LECTINS; VAGINAL RING; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; DELIVERY; MODEL; MICROORGANISMS; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; RESERVOIR; THERAPY AB Millions of intravaginal rings (IVRs) are used by women worldwide for contraception and for the treatment of vaginal atrophy. These devices also are suitable for local and systemic sustained release drug delivery, notably for antiviral agents in human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis. Despite the widespread use of IVRs, no studies have examined whether surface-attached bacterial biofilms develop in vivo, an important consideration when determining the safety of these devices. The present study used scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence in situ hybridization and confocal laser scanning microscopy to study biofilms that formed on the surface of IVRs worn for 28 days by six female pig-tailed macaques, an excellent model organism for the human vaginal microbiome. Four of the IVRs released the nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir at a controlled rate and the remaining two were unmedicated. Large areas of the ring surfaces were covered with monolayers of epithelial cells. Two bacterial biofilm phenotypes were found to develop on these monolayers and both had a broad diversity of bacterial cells closely associated with the extracellular material. Phenotype I, the more common of the two, consisted of tightly packed bacterial mats approximately 5 mu m in thickness. Phenotype II was much thicker, typically 40 mu m, and had an open architecture containing interwoven networks of uniform fibres. There was no significant difference in biofilm thickness and appearance between medicated and unmedicated IVRs. These preliminary results suggest that bacterial biofilms could be common on intravaginal devices worn for extended periods of time. C1 [Gunawardana, Manjula; Moss, John A.; Smith, Thomas J.; Kennedy, Sean; Cali Nguyen; Baum, Marc M.] Oak Crest Inst Sci, Dept Chem, Pasadena, CA USA. [Gunawardana, Manjula; Smith, Thomas J.; Kopin, Etana; Cali Nguyen; Malone, Amanda M.] Auritec Pharmaceut Inc, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Smith, Thomas J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Ophthalmol, Lexington, KY USA. [Rabe, Lorna] Magee Womens Res Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Schaudinn, Christoph; Webster, Paul] Ahmanson Adv & Imaging Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Srinivasan, Priya; Sweeney, Elizabeth D.; Smith, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV,CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baum, MM (reprint author), Oak Crest Inst Sci, Dept Chem, 2275 E Foothill Blvd, Pasadena, CA USA. EM m.baum@oak-crest.org FU National Institutes of Health [5R21AI079791, 5R21AI076136]; CONRAD [PSA-08-10, PPC-09-017]; International Partnership for Microbicides; US Agency for International Development [GPO-A-00-05-00041-00]; National Science Foundation [0722354]; Ahmanson Foundation FX The authors thank the National Institutes of Health (grant number 5R21AI079791 and 5R21AI076136), CONRAD (service contract number PSA-08-10 and PPC-09-017), the International Partnership for Microbicides, the US Agency for International Development (cooperative agreement number GPO-A-00-05-00041-00) and the National Science Foundation (award number 0722354) for funding support. The authors also thank the Ahmanson Foundation for continued financial support of advanced imaging at the House Ear Institute. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no commercial or other associations that might pose a conflict of interest. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 6 BP 828 EP 837 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.028225-0 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 774FJ UT WOS:000291370200019 PM 21393449 ER PT J AU Abrams, JY Maddox, RA Harvey, AR Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Abrams, Joseph Y. Maddox, Ryan A. Harvey, Alexis R. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI Travel History, Hunting, and Venison Consumption Related to Prion Disease Exposure, 2006-2007 Food Net Population Survey SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; ILLNESS; HUMANS; DECADE; DEATH; DEER; BSE AB The transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) to human beings and the spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD) among cervids have prompted concerns about zoonotic transmission of prion diseases. Travel to the United Kingdom and other European countries, hunting for deer or elk, and venison consumption could result in the exposure of US residents to the agents that cause BSE and CWD. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network 2006-2007 population survey was used to assess the prevalence of these behaviors among residents of 10 catchment areas across the United States. Of 17,372 survey respondents, 19.4% reported travel to the United Kingdom since 1980, and 29.5% reported travel to any of the nine European countries considered to be BSE-endemic since 1980. The proportion of respondents who had ever hunted deer or elk was 18.5%, and 1.2% had hunted deer or elk in a CWD-endemic area. More than two thirds (67.4%) reported having ever eaten deer or elk meat. Respondents who traveled spent more time in the United Kingdom (median 14 days) than in any other BSE-endemic country. Of the 11,635 respondents who had consumed venison, 59.8% ate venison at most one to two times during their year of highest consumption, and 88.6% had obtained all of their meat from the wild. The survey results were useful in determining the prevalence and frequency of behaviors that could be important factors for foodborne prion transmission. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:858-863. C1 [Abrams, Joseph Y.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prion & Publ Hlth Off, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harvey, Alexis R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Abrams, JY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prion & Publ Hlth Off, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, CDC Mailstop A39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hus4@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013; Harvey, Alan/A-4911-2008 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research project was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 111 IS 6 BP 858 EP 863 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2011.03.015 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 775KH UT WOS:000291457700011 PM 21616198 ER PT J AU Brener, ND Chriqui, JF O'Toole, TP Schwartz, MB McManus, T AF Brener, Nancy D. Chriqui, Jamie F. O'Toole, Terrence P. Schwartz, Marlene B. McManus, Tim TI Establishing a Baseline Measure of School Wellness-Related Policies Implemented in a Nationally Representative Sample of School Districts SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH POLICIES; PROGRAMS; QUALITY; STATES AB The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 required school districts to establish a local school wellness policy by the first day of the 2006-2007 school year. To provide a baseline measure of the extent to which wellness-related policies were implemented in school districts nationwide in 2006, this study analyzed data from the 2006 School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS). SHPPS used a cross-sectional design to measure policies and practices among a nationally representative sample of 538 public school districts. The authors applied a standardized wellness policy coding system to the data by matching each element to relevant questions from SHPPS and calculated the percentage of school districts meeting each element in the coding system. Statistical analyses included calculation of 95% confidence intervals for percentages and mean number of elements met in each area. In 2006, none of the districts met all elements included in the coding system for local wellness policies. In addition, the percentage of districts meeting each element varied widely. On average, districts met the greatest number of elements in the area of nutrition education and the least number of elements in the area of physical activity. By applying a coding system for district policies to an existing dataset, this study used a novel approach to determine areas of strength and weakness in the implementation of local school wellness-related policies in 2006. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:894-901. C1 [Brener, Nancy D.; O'Toole, Terrence P.; McManus, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Toole, Terrence P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chriqui, Jamie F.] Univ Illinois, Bridging Gap Program, Ctr Hlth Policy, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, Chicago, IL USA. [Schwartz, Marlene B.] Yale Univ, Rudd Ctr Food Policy & Obes, New Haven, CT USA. RP Brener, ND (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, MS K-33,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM nad1@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 111 IS 6 BP 894 EP 901 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2011.03.016 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 775KH UT WOS:000291457700017 PM 21616204 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, DR Iber, JC Chen, Q Ching, KR Yang, SJ De, LN Mandelbaum, MD Emery, B Campagnoli, R Burns, CC Kew, O AF Kilpatrick, David R. Iber, Jane C. Chen, Qi Ching, Karen Yang, Su-Ju De, Lina Mandelbaum, Mark D. Emery, Brian Campagnoli, Ray Burns, Cara C. Kew, Olen TI Poliovirus serotype-specific VP1 sequencing primers SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Poliovirus; PCR; Inosine-containing; Sequencing primers ID VACCINE-RELATED POLIOVIRUSES; DEOXYINOSINE RESIDUES; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; CODON DEGENERACY; MIXED-BASE; IDENTIFICATION; RECOMBINANT; CIRCULATION; POSITIONS; PROBES AB The Global Polio Laboratory Network routinely uses poliovirus-specific PCR primers and probes to determine the serotype and genotype of poliovirus isolates obtained as part of global poliovirus surveillance. To provide detailed molecular epidemiologic information, poliovirus isolates are further characterized by sequencing the similar to 900-nucleotide region encoding the major capsid protein, VP1. It is difficult to obtain quality sequence information when clinical or environmental samples contain poliovirus mixtures. As an alternative to conventional methods for resolving poliovirus mixtures, sets of serotype-specific primers were developed for amplifying and sequencing the VP1 regions of individual components of mixed populations of vaccine-vaccine, vaccine-wild, and wild-wild polioviruses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kilpatrick, David R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio Mol Diagnost Dev Lab, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kilpatrick, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio Mol Diagnost Dev Lab, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, G-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DKilpatrick@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUN PY 2011 VL 174 IS 1-2 BP 128 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.03.020 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 776FX UT WOS:000291521000021 PM 21440569 ER PT J AU Harcourt, JL Caidi, H Anderson, LJ Haynes, LM AF Harcourt, Jennifer L. Caidi, Hayat Anderson, Larry J. Haynes, Lia M. TI Evaluation of the Calu-3 cell line as a model of in vitro respiratory syncytial virus infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Respiratory syncytial virus; Calu-3; Polarized cells; RSV ID POLARIZED EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACUTE BRONCHIOLITIS; PERSISTENCE; PROTEIN; TRANSMISSION; REPLICATION; CHILDREN; INFANTS; CULTURE; TRACT AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication is primarily limited to the upper respiratory tract epithelium and primary, differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) have, therefore, been considered a good system for in vitro analysis of lung tissue response to respiratory virus infection and virus-host interactions. However, NHBE cells are expensive, difficult to culture, and vary with the source patient. An alternate approach is to use a continuous cell line that has features of bronchial epithelial cells such as Calu-3, an epithelial cell line derived from human lung adenocarcinoma, as an in vitro model of respiratory virus infection. The results show that Calu-3 fully polarize when grown on permeable supports as liquid-covered cultures. Polarized Calu-3 are susceptible to RSV infection and release infectious virus primarily from the apical surface, consistent with studies in NHBE cells. The data demonstrate that polarized Calu-3 may serve as a useful in vitro model to study host responses to RSV infection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Harcourt, Jennifer L.; Caidi, Hayat; Haynes, Lia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Virus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Childrens Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Haynes, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Virus Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zaq6@cdc.gov; foi0@cdc.gov; larry.anderson@emory.edu; loh5@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUN PY 2011 VL 174 IS 1-2 BP 144 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.03.027 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 776FX UT WOS:000291521000024 PM 21458491 ER PT J AU Curtis, KM Tepper, NK Marchbanks, PA AF Curtis, Kathryn M. Tepper, Naomi K. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH AB Women with unintended pregnancies are more likely to experience poor pregnancy outcomes. For women with medical conditions, unintended pregnancy may worsen the condition and carry even greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including maternal and perinatal death. Although safe and highly effective contraceptive methods are available to prevent unintended pregnancy, there may be concerns about the safety of contraceptive methods among women with medical conditions. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recently developed the U. S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010, which provides evidence-based recommendations for the safety of contraceptive use among women with medical conditions. Most women, even those with medical conditions, can safely use most methods of contraception. C1 [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, MS K-34,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 6 BP 825 EP 828 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2851 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 777CG UT WOS:000291590700001 PM 21671772 ER PT J AU Ding, H Santibanez, TA Jamieson, DJ Weinbaum, CM Euler, GL Grohskopf, LA Lu, PJ Singleton, JA AF Ding, Helen Santibanez, Tammy A. Jamieson, Denise J. Weinbaum, Cindy M. Euler, Gary L. Grohskopf, Lisa A. Lu, Peng-Jun Singleton, James A. TI Influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women-National 2009 H1N1 Flu Survey (NHFS) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE H1N1; influenza; pregnancy; vaccination coverage ID UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; 2009-JANUARY 2010; IMMUNIZATION; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB We sought to describe vaccination with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent (2009 H1N1) and trivalent seasonal (seasonal) vaccines among pregnant women during the 2009 through 2010 influenza season. A national H1N1 flu survey was conducted April through June 2010. The 2009 H1N1 and seasonal vaccination coverage estimates were 45.7% and 32.1%, respectively, among pregnant women aged 18-49 years. Receipt of a health care provider's recommendation for vaccination, perceived effectiveness of influenza vaccinations, and perceived high chance of influenza infection were independently associated with higher 2009 H1N1 and seasonal vaccination coverage. Pregnancy during October 2009 through January 2010 was independently associated with higher 2009 H1N1 vaccination coverage. The 2009 H1N1 vaccination level among pregnant women was higher than the seasonal vaccination level during the 2009 through 2010 season; it was also higher than vaccination among nonpregnant women with and without high-risk conditions. Health care providers and public health messaging played important roles in influencing vaccination behavior. C1 [Ding, Helen; Santibanez, Tammy A.; Weinbaum, Cindy M.; Euler, Gary L.; Lu, Peng-Jun; Singleton, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grohskopf, Lisa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Chenega Govt Consulting LLC, Ashburn, VA USA. RP Ding, H (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hding@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 32 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S96 EP S106 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.03.003 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100017 PM 21640233 ER PT J AU Ellington, SR Hartman, LK Acosta, M Martinez-Romo, M Rubinson, L Jamieson, DJ Louie, J AF Ellington, Sascha R. Hartman, Laura K. Acosta, Meileen Martinez-Romo, Miguel Rubinson, Lewis Jamieson, Denise J. Louie, Janice TI Pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) in 71 critically ill pregnant women in California SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE critical illness; H1N1; influenza; intensive care; pregnant women ID RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; A(H1N1) INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; CARE AB We sought to describe the characteristics and clinical management of 71 critically ill pregnant women with pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1 [2009 H1N1]). This was a retrospective case series from April 23, 2009, through March 18, 2010, of pregnant women with 2009 H1N1 in intensive care units in California. Among 71 critically ill pregnant women with 2009 H1N1, rapid decline in clinical status was noted with a median duration of 1 day from hospital admission to intensive care unit admission. Adverse events were common, and included sepsis (n = 26), hematologic disorder (n = 17), and pneumothorax (n = 15). Of 42 women requiring invasive ventilation, 15 (36%) died. In total, 23 women required rescue therapies for severe gas exchange abnormalities. Adverse events were significantly associated with survival (P = .0003). Women who received early antiviral treatment were significantly more likely to survive (relative risk, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.75). Critically ill pregnant women with 2009 H1N1 declined rapidly and developed frequent adverse events including death. C1 [Ellington, Sascha R.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hartman, Laura K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hartman, Laura K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Acosta, Meileen; Martinez-Romo, Miguel; Louie, Janice] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Emergency Response Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Rubinson, Lewis] US Dept HHS, Off Preparedness & Emergency, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Ellington, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SEllington@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC.; Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S21 EP S30 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.038 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100005 PM 21514554 ER PT J AU Mosby, LG Ellington, SR Forhan, SE Yeung, LF Perez, M Shah, MM MacFarlane, K Laird, SK House, LD Jamieson, DJ AF Mosby, Laura G. Ellington, Sascha R. Forhan, Sara E. Yeung, Lorraine F. Perez, Mirna Shah, Melisa M. MacFarlane, Kitty Laird, Susan K. House, Lawrence D. Jamieson, Denise J. TI The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's maternal health response to 2009 H1N1 influenza SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2009 H1N1 influenza; breastfeeding; CDC; pregnancy ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; INFECTION; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB We describe the efforts of the Maternal Health Team, which was formed to address the needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women during the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) 2009 pandemic influenza A (2009 H1N1) emergency response. We examined the team's activities, constructed a timeline of key pandemic events, and analyzed the Maternal Health 2009 H1N1 inquiry database. During the pandemic response, 9 guidance documents that addressed the needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women and their providers were developed by the Maternal Health Team. The Team received 4661 maternal health-related inquiries that came primarily from the public (75.5%) and were vaccine related (69.3%). Peak inquiry volume coincided with peak hospitalizations (October-November 2009). The Maternal Health 2009 H1N1 inquiry database proved useful to identify information needs of the public and health care providers during the pandemic. C1 [Ellington, Sascha R.; Perez, Mirna; MacFarlane, Kitty; House, Lawrence D.; Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mosby, Laura G.; Shah, Melisa M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Forhan, Sara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yeung, Lorraine F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laird, Susan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC INFO Natl Contact Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Djamieson@cdc.gov OI Carlson, Laura/0000-0001-8119-9143 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S7 EP S12 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.057 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100003 PM 21457918 ER PT J AU Penman-Aguilar, A Tucker, MJ Groom, AV Reilley, BA Klepacki, S Cullen, T Gebremariam, C Redd, JT AF Penman-Aguilar, Ana Tucker, Myra J. Groom, Amy V. Reilley, Brigg A. Klepacki, Stephanie Cullen, Theresa Gebremariam, Cynthia Redd, John T. TI Validation of algorithm to identify American Indian/Alaska Native pregnant women at risk from pandemic H1N1 influenza SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE American Indian; disease surveillance; H1N1; influenza; pregnancy; special populations AB Pregnant women and American Indian and Alaska Native people are at elevated risk of severe disease and mortality from 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1. We validated an electronic health record-based algorithm used by Indian Health Service to identify pregnant women in near real-time surveillance of pandemic influenza A/H1N1. We randomly selected a stratified sample of 515 patients at 3 Indian Health Service-funded hospitals with varied characteristics. With comprehensive review of patients' electronic health records as the gold standard, we calculated the positive predictive value and sensitivity of the pregnancy algorithm. The sensitivity of the algorithm at individual hospitals ranged from 94.1-96.0%. Positive predictive value ranged from 94.4-98.3%. Despite differences among hospitals on key characteristics, the pregnancy algorithm performed nearly equivalently with high positive predictive value and sensitivity at all facilities. It may prove helpful for surveillance during future epidemics and for targeting interventions for pregnant women and infants. C1 [Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Tucker, Myra J.; Groom, Amy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Groom, Amy V.; Reilley, Brigg A.; Redd, John T.] Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Klepacki, Stephanie; Cullen, Theresa; Gebremariam, Cynthia] Indian Hlth Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Penman-Aguilar, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM APenmanAguilar@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs; IHS; CDC FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs.; We wish to thank Denise Jamieson for her provision of subject matter expertise. We also thank Audrey Lynch, Kelly Stewart, Rita Harding, Luana Auker, Colleen Hayes, Jim Eller, and Teri Price for technical consultation and assistance with data collection. This study was supported by an Inter-agency Agreement between IHS and CDC. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S46 EP S53 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.03.004 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100008 PM 21514920 ER PT J AU Poehling, KA Szilagyi, PG Staat, MA Snively, BM Payne, DC Bridges, CB Chu, SY Light, LS Prill, MM Finelli, L Griffin, MR Edwards, KM AF Poehling, Katherine A. Szilagyi, Peter G. Staat, Mary A. Snively, Beverly M. Payne, Daniel C. Bridges, Carolyn B. Chu, Susan Y. Light, Laney S. Prill, Mila M. Finelli, Lyn Griffin, Marie R. Edwards, Kathryn M. CA New Vaccine Surveillance Network TI Impact of maternal immunization on influenza hospitalizations in infants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infants; influenza hospitalization; influenza vaccine; maternal vaccination; vaccine effectiveness ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; VIRUS INFECTION; OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; OUTPATIENT VISITS; PRACTICES ACIP AB We sought to determine whether maternal vaccination during pregnancy was associated with a reduced risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations in infants <6 months old. Active population-based, laboratory-confirmed influenza surveillance was conducted in children hospitalized with fever and/or respiratory symptoms in 3 US counties from November through April during the 2002 through 2009 influenza seasons. The exposure, influenza vaccination during pregnancy, and the outcome, positive/negative influenza testing among their hospitalized infants, were compared using logistic regression analyses. Among 1510 hospitalized infants <6 months old, 151 (10%) had laboratory-confirmed influenza and 294 (19%) mothers reported receiving influenza vaccine during pregnancy. Eighteen (12%) mothers of influenza-positive infants and 276 (20%) mothers of influenza-negative infants were vaccinated (unadjusted odds ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.88 and adjusted odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.91). Infants of vaccinated mothers were 45-48% less likely to have influenza hospitalizations than infants of unvaccinated mothers. Our results support the current influenza vaccination recommendation for pregnant women. C1 [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Snively, Beverly M.; Light, Laney S.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Staat, Mary A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Payne, Daniel C.; Bridges, Carolyn B.; Prill, Mila M.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chu, Susan Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Poehling, KA (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01/IP000017, U01/IP000022, U01/IP000147]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [K23 AI065805]; Wachovia Research Fund; Medimmune for respiratory syncytial virus studies; Medimmune; Wyeth; Novartis; Sanofi-Pasteur; CSL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX This project was supported by Cooperative Agreement nos. U01/IP000017, U01/IP000022, and U01/IP000147 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dr Poehling received support from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23 AI065805) and Wachovia Research Fund. Dr Staat had funding from Medimmune for respiratory syncytial virus studies; Dr Griffin received grant funding from Medimmune; Dr Edwards received grant funding from Wyeth, Novartis, Sanofi-Pasteur, and CSL with only the CSL funding being related to influenza studies. Dr Staat was on the Medimmune Advisory Board, and Dr Edwards was a consultant to NexBio. Drs Szilagyi, Snively, Payne, Bridges, Chu, Finelli, and Ms Light and Ms Prill have no conflicts to report.; Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 44 TC 98 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S141 EP S148 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.042 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100023 PM 21492825 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Kissin, DM Yeung, LF MacFarlane, K Chu, SY Turcios-Ruiz, RM Mitchell, EW Williams, J Fry, AM Hageman, J Uyeki, TM Jamieson, DJ AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Kissin, Dmitry M. Yeung, Lorraine F. MacFarlane, Kitty Chu, Susan Y. Turcios-Ruiz, Reina M. Mitchell, Elizabeth W. Williams, Jennifer Fry, Alicia M. Hageman, Jeffrey Uyeki, Timothy M. Jamieson, Denise J. CA Pandemic Influenza & Pregnancy Wor TI Preparing for influenza after 2009 H1N1: special considerations for pregnant women and newborns SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2009 H1N1; influenza; pandemic; pregnancy; seasonal ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; A H1N1; UNITED-STATES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; VACCINATION COVERAGE; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; VIRUS INFECTION AB Pregnant women and their newborn infants are at increased risk for influenza-associated complications, based on data from seasonal influenza and influenza pandemics. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed public health recommendations for these populations in response to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. A review of these recommendations and information that was collected during the pandemic is needed to prepare for future influenza seasons and pandemics. The CDC convened a meeting entitled "Pandemic Influenza Revisited: Special Considerations for Pregnant Women and Newborns" on August 12-13, 2010, to gain input from experts and key partners on 4 main topics: antiviral prophylaxis and therapy, vaccine use, intrapartum/newborn (including infection control) issues, and nonpharmaceutical interventions and health care planning. Challenges to communicating recommendations regarding influenza to pregnant women and their health care providers were also discussed. After careful consideration of the available information and individual expert input, the CDC updated its recommendations for these populations for future influenza seasons and pandemics. C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Mitchell, Elizabeth W.; Williams, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kissin, Dmitry M.; MacFarlane, Kitty; Chu, Susan Y.; Turcios-Ruiz, Reina M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fry, Alicia M.; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hageman, Jeffrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 85 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S13 EP S20 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.01.048 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100004 PM 21333967 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A AF Schuchat, Anne TI Reflections on pandemics, past and present SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE history; influenza; pandemic; pregnancy AB The author reflects on her personal experiences during the 2009 H1N1 influenza, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemics. The roles played by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention related to pregnancy-associated influenza during the 2009 pandemic are described. Risk communication principles are summarized and resources provided. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S4 EP S6 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.039 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100002 PM 21419383 ER PT J AU SteelFisher, GK Blendon, RJ Bekheit, MM Mitchell, EW Williams, J Lubell, K Peugh, J DiSogra, CA AF SteelFisher, Gillian K. Blendon, Robert J. Bekheit, Mark M. Mitchell, Elizabeth W. Williams, Jennifer Lubell, Keri Peugh, Jordon DiSogra, Charles A. TI Novel pandemic A (H1N1) influenza vaccination among pregnant women: motivators and barriers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE H1N1; pregnant women; vaccination ID UNITED-STATES; ASIAN INFLUENZA; DISPARITIES; COVERAGE; VACCINES; ADULTS; RATES AB We sought to examine motivators and barriers related to monovalent 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccination among pregnant women. We conducted a national poll of pregnant women using a random online sample (237) and opt-in supplement (277). In all, 42% of pregnant women reported getting the vaccine. Vaccination was positively associated with attitudinal factors including believing the vaccine is very safe or benefits the baby, and with provider recommendations. Women in racial/ethnic minority groups, women with less education, and women <35 years were less likely to get the vaccine and had differing views and experiences. Despite H1N1 vaccination rates that are higher than past seasonal influenza rates, barriers like safety concerns may persist in a pandemic. Messaging from providers that encourages women to believe the vaccine is very safe and benefits their baby may be compelling. Messaging and outreach during future pandemics may require customization to increase vaccination among high-risk groups. C1 [SteelFisher, Gillian K.; Blendon, Robert J.; Bekheit, Mark M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Blendon, Robert J.] Harvard Univ, John F Kennedy Sch Govt, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mitchell, Elizabeth W.; Williams, Jennifer; Lubell, Keri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peugh, Jordon; DiSogra, Charles A.] Knowledge Networks, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP SteelFisher, GK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Public Health Information Coalition; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX The poll was funded under a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Public Health Information Coalition.; Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 35 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S116 EP S123 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.036 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100020 PM 21492827 ER PT J AU Thompson, M Williams, J Naleway, A Li, DK Chu, S Bozeman, S Hill, HA Cragan, J Shay, DK AF Thompson, Mark Williams, Jennifer Naleway, Allison Li, De-Kun Chu, Susan Bozeman, Sam Hill, Holly A. Cragan, Janet Shay, David K. CA Pregnancy Influenza Project TI The Pregnancy and Influenza Project: design of an observational case-cohort study to evaluate influenza burden and vaccine effectiveness among pregnant women and their infants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infant; influenza; influenza vaccine; pregnancy; vaccine effectiveness ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; RISK; FEVER; HOSPITALIZATIONS; IMMUNIZATION AB The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is conducting an observational study of 300-500 women infected with influenza during pregnancy. Women are being recruited from members of the Kaiser Permanente health plan in 2 metropolitan areas before and during the 2010 through 2011 influenza season either following routine prenatal care visits or presentation with an acute respiratory infection. All enrolled mothers and their infants will be followed up through 1 month after delivery. Infants of mothers who had influenza during pregnancy and 1000 infants of mothers who were not diagnosed with influenza during pregnancy will be followed up for an additional 5 months. The Pregnancy and Influenza Project is focused on better understanding the burden of influenza during and after pregnancy and estimating the effectiveness of maternal influenza vaccination against influenza among women and their infants confirmed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. C1 [Thompson, Mark; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Jennifer; Cragan, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chu, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bozeman, Sam] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hill, Holly A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Li, De-Kun] Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP Shay, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dks4@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-F-33132]; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Contract 200-2010-F-33132 to Abt Associates Inc).; Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S69 EP S76 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.01.006 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100012 PM 21411050 ER PT J AU Ellingson, K Seem, D Nowicki, M Strong, DM Kuehnert, MJ AF Ellingson, K. Seem, D. Nowicki, M. Strong, D. M. Kuehnert, M. J. CA Organ Procurement Org Nucleic Acid TI Estimated Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Potential Organ Donors from 17 Organ Procurement Organizations in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Donor screening; infection risk; nucleic acid testing; organ transplantation ID ACID TESTING NAT; TISSUE DONORS; TRANSMISSION; BLOOD; HCV; TYPE-1; HIV-1; HTLV; HBV AB To prevent unintentional transmission of bloodborne pathogens through organ transplantation, organ procurement organizations (OPOs) screen potential donors by serologic testing to identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Newly acquired infection, however, may be undetectable by serologic testing. Our objective was to estimate the incidence of undetected infection among potential organ donors and to assess the significance of risk reductions conferred by nucleic acid testing (NAT) versus serology alone. We calculated prevalence of HIV and HCV-stratified by OPO risk designation-in 13 667 potential organ donors managed by 17 OPOs from 1/1/2004 to 7/1/2008. We calculated incidence of undetected infection using the incidence-window period approach. The prevalence of HIV was 0.10% for normal risk potential donors and 0.50% for high risk potential donors; HCV prevalence was 3.45% and 18.20%, respectively. For HIV, the estimated incidence of undetected infection by serologic screening was 1 in 50 000 for normal risk potential donors and 1 in 11 000 for high risk potential donors; for HCV, undetected incidence by serologic screening was 1 in 5000 and 1 in 1000, respectively. Projected estimates of undetected infection with NAT screening versus serology alone suggest that NAT screening could significantly reduce the rate of undetected HCV for all donor risk strata. C1 [Ellingson, K.; Seem, D.; Kuehnert, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nowicki, M.] Mendez Natl Inst Transplantat, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Nowicki, M.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Strong, D. M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ellingson, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. EM KEllingson@cdc.gov; MKuehnert@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1201 EP 1208 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03518.x PG 8 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 772ZV UT WOS:000291277700016 PM 21645253 ER PT J AU Ison, MG Llata, E Conover, CS Friedewald, JJ Gerberg, SI Grigoryan, A Heneine, W Millis, JM Simon, DM Teo, CG Kuehnert, MJ AF Ison, M. G. Llata, E. Conover, C. S. Friedewald, J. J. Gerberg, S. I. Grigoryan, A. Heneine, W. Millis, J. M. Simon, D. M. Teo, C. -G. Kuehnert, M. J. CA HIV-HCV Transplantation TI Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus From an Organ Donor to Four Transplant Recipients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Donor-to-host transmission; HIV; HCV; nucleic acid diagnostics ID MARGINAL DONORS; CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; CONSENSUS CONFERENCE; HIV TRANSMISSION; TYPE-1; INFECTION; CLUSTER; STATE AB In 2007, a previously uninfected kidney transplant recipient tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Clinical information of the organ donor and the recipients was collected by medical record review. Sera from recipients and donor were tested for serologic and nucleic acid-based markers of HIV and HCV infection, and isolates were compared for genetic relatedness. Routine donor serologic screening for HIV and HCV infection was negative; the donor's only known risk factor for HIV was having sex with another man. Four organs (two kidneys, liver and heart) were transplanted to four recipients. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) of donor sera and posttransplant sera from all recipients were positive for HIV and HCV. HIV nucleotide sequences were indistinguishable between the donor and four recipients, and HCV subgenomic sequences clustered closely together. Two patients subsequently died and the transplanted organs failed in the other two patients. This is the first recognized cotransmission of HIV and HCV from an organ donor to transplant recipients. Routine posttransplant HIV and HCV serological testing and NAT of recipients of organs from donors with suspected risk factors should be considered as routine practice. C1 [Llata, E.; Kuehnert, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ison, M. G.; Friedewald, J. J.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Organ Transplantat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Llata, E.; Grigoryan, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Conover, C. S.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Div Infect Dis, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Friedewald, J. J.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Nephrol Hypertens, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Gerberg, S. I.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Heneine, W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Millis, J. M.] Univ Chicago, Sect Transplantat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Simon, D. M.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Teo, C. -G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mgk8@cdc.gov OI Friedewald, John/0000-0002-9344-9928 FU ViraCor; Abbott Molecular; Biogen Idec FX No commercial organization prepared or funded this document. The authors of this manuscript have no conflicts of interest to disclose as described by the American Journal of Transplantation, except for MG Ison who discloses research funding, paid to Northwestern University, by ViraCor and paid consultation by Abbott Molecular, Biogen Idec, and ViraCor. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1218 EP 1225 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03597.x PG 8 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 772ZV UT WOS:000291277700018 PM 21645254 ER PT J AU Luby, SP Agboatwalla, M Hoekstra, RM AF Luby, Stephen P. Agboatwalla, Mubina Hoekstra, Robert M. TI The Variability of Childhood Diarrhea in Karachi, Pakistan, 2002-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WATER; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; MULTICOUNTRY; COMMUNITIES; BANGLADESH; MORTALITY; COUNTRIES; PROGRAMS AB Diarrhea burden is often estimated using cross-sectional surveys. We measured variability in diarrhea prevalence among children <5 years of age living in squatter settlements in central Karachi, Pakistan. We pooled data from nonintervention control households from studies conducted from 2002 through 2006. The prevalence of diarrhea varied on average by 29% from one week to the next, by 37% from one month to the next, and during peak diarrhea season by 32% from one year to the next. During 24 months when the same nine neighborhoods were under surveillance, each month the prevalence of diarrhea varied by at least an order of magnitude from the lowest to the highest prevalence neighborhood, and each neighborhood recorded the highest diarrhea prevalence during at least one month. Cross-sectional surveys are unreliable measures of diarrhea prevalence. C1 [Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Agboatwalla, Mubina] Hlth Oriented Prevent Educ, Karachi, Pakistan. [Hoekstra, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Luby, SP (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Communicable Dis, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM sluby@icddrb.org; agboat@hope-ngo.com; rth6@cdc.gov FU Procter Gamble Company; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Procter & Gamble Company and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 84 IS 6 BP 870 EP 877 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0364 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773TI UT WOS:000291333200007 PM 21633021 ER PT J AU Osorio, JE Brewoo, JN Silengo, SJ Arguello, J Moldovan, IR Tary-Lehmann, M Powell, TD Livengood, JA Kinney, RM Huang, CYH Stinchcomb, DT AF Osorio, Jorge E. Brewoo, Joseph N. Silengo, Shawn J. Arguello, John Moldovan, Ioana R. Tary-Lehmann, Magdalena Powell, Tim D. Livengood, Jill A. Kinney, Richard M. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Stinchcomb, Dan T. TI Efficacy of a Tetravalent Chimeric Dengue Vaccine (DENVax) in Cynomolgus Macaques SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL LABORATORY RESPONSES; VIRUS-VACCINE; STRAIN 16681; CANDIDATE VACCINE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ADULT VOLUNTEERS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PDK-53 VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS AB Three tetravalent formulations of chimeric dengue (DENVax) viruses containing the pre-membrane and envelope genes of serotypes 1-4 expressed by the attenuated DENV-2 PDK-53 genome were tested for safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Subcutaneous injection of the DENVax formulations was well-tolerated. Low levels of viremia of only one of the four vaccine viruses were detected yet virus neutralizing antibody titers were induced against all four dengue virus serotypes after one or two administrations of vaccine. All animals immunized with the high-dose formulation were protected from viremia, and all immunized animals were completely protected from DENV-3 and DENV-4 challenge. A lower dose of DENVax formulation partially protected animals from DENV-1. or DENV-2 challenge. In contrast, all control animals developed high levels of viremia for multiple days after challenge with DENV 1-4. This study highlights the immunogenicity and efficacy of the tetravalent DENVax formulations in nonhuman primates. C1 [Osorio, Jorge E.; Brewoo, Joseph N.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Osorio, Jorge E.; Brewoo, Joseph N.] Inviragen Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Silengo, Shawn J.; Arguello, John; Powell, Tim D.; Livengood, Jill A.; Kinney, Richard M.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.] Inviragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Arguello, John; Kinney, Richard M.; Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Moldovan, Ioana R.; Tary-Lehmann, Magdalena] Cellular Technol Ltd, Shaker Hts, OH USA. RP Osorio, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Osorio@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu; jbrewoo@inviragen.com; ssilengo@inviragen.com; jarguello@inviragen.com; ioana.moldovan@immunospot.com; magda.tary-lehmann@immunospot.com; tpowell@inviragen.com; jlivengood@inviragen.com; zzkinney@msn.com; yxh0@cdc.gov; dstinchcomb@inviragen.com OI Stinchcomb, Dan/0000-0002-3634-7503 FU National Institutes of Health [5-U01-AI070443] FX This study was partially supported by National Institutes of Health grant 5-U01-AI070443. NR 41 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 84 IS 6 BP 978 EP 987 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0592 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773TI UT WOS:000291333200023 PM 21633037 ER PT J AU Nathanson, N Kew, OM AF Nathanson, Neal Kew, Olen M. TI Poliovirus Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLIOMYELITIS ERADICATION; GLOBAL ERADICATION; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; NIGERIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EMERGENCE; RISKS; INDIA C1 [Nathanson, Neal] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Off Global Hlth Programs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Nathanson, Neal] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kew, Olen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nathanson, N (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Off Global Hlth Programs, 1007 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM nathansn@upenn.edu NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 165 IS 6 BP 489 EP 491 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 773QC UT WOS:000291321000002 PM 21646582 ER PT J AU Mersereau, P Williams, J Collier, SA Mulholland, C Turay, K Prue, C AF Mersereau, Patricia Williams, Jennifer Collier, Sarah A. Mulholland, Celene Turay, Khadija Prue, Christine TI Barriers to Managing Diabetes During Pregnancy: The Perceptions of Health Care Practitioners SO BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE LA English DT Article DE barriers; diabetes; glycemic control; pregnancy ID CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; PRECONCEPTION CARE; WOMEN; MELLITUS; INFANTS; RISK; RECOMMENDATIONS; MALFORMATIONS; INTERVENTION; MOTHERS AB Background: Uncontrolled pregestational diabetes in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for a major birth defect and additional adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study objective was to investigate the concerns of health care practitioners who care for women with a history of diabetes during pregnancy and their perceptions of attitudes and barriers to achieving good glycemic control. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with physicians, midlevel practitioners, and certified diabetes educators in Atlanta, Georgia. Practitioners were eligible if they actively practiced, primarily in outpatient facilities in Atlanta, and were neither students nor interns. Six focus groups, two of each practitioner type, were conducted. Results: Practitioners stated that few of their patients planned their pregnancies. Practitioners perceived that pregnant women were concerned primarily about their babies and might not be aware of complications with their personal health. Their perceptions of the greatest barriers to glycemic control for women involved lack of knowledge, lack of access, and attitude. Conclusions: Educating women with diabetes about the importance of using effective birth control until they have achieved good glycemic control can help reduce the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Motivators and barriers for a woman with diabetes to achieve glycemic control before, during, and after pregnancy should be considered when developing approaches to improve outcomes. Helping practitioners know what and how to address the needs of childbearing women with or at risk for diabetes can be beneficial. Additional efforts to increase women's knowledge about diabetes and pregnancy and to develop effective strategies to encourage women's achievement and maintenance of glycemic control before, during, and after pregnancy are needed. (BIRTH 38:2 June 2011). C1 [Mersereau, Patricia] CDC, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Jennifer] CDC, US Publ Hlth Serv, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Collier, Sarah A.] CDC, Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis NCZVED, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mulholland, Celene] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Turay, Khadija] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Prue, Christine] CDC, NCZVED, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mersereau, P (reprint author), CDC, NCBDDD, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7659 J9 BIRTH-ISS PERINAT C JI Birth-Issue Perinat. Care PD JUN PY 2011 VL 38 IS 2 BP 142 EP 149 DI 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2010.00464.x PG 8 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 766SW UT WOS:000290807800008 PM 21599737 ER PT J AU Hunsperger, E Beltran, M Acosta, LN Jordan-Munoz, J Torres, J Luce, R Tomashek, KM AF Hunsperger, Elizabeth Beltran, Manuela Acosta, Luz Nereida Jordan-Munoz, Jorge Torres, Jomil Luce, Richard Tomashek, Kay M. TI Serological Evaluation of Suspected West Nile Virus Human Cases following Its Introduction during a Dengue Outbreak in Puerto Rico in 2007 SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; TRANSCRIPTASE-PCR ASSAY; NS1 ANTIGEN; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOASSAY; JAPANESE; HORSES AB A laboratory testing algorithm was evaluated to confirm West Nile virus (WNV) infection in human serum following the introduction of the virus in Puerto Rico in 2007. This testing algorithm used two standard diagnostic assays, the IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC ELISA) and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), along with two nonconventional assays, the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) ELISA and a 90%-plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT(90)) with IgG depletion for dengue virus (DENV) and WNV. A total of 2,321 serum samples from suspected WNV human cases were submitted for testing. Approximately one-third (867, 37%) were cross-reactive for DENV and WNV by MAC ELISA and had negative RT-PCR results for both viruses. Of a subset of 43 samples tested, 31 (72%) of these cases were identified as positive for DENV in the PRNT90 with IgG depletion and 8 (19%) were positive in the DENV NS1 antigen ELISA. These two assays combined differentiated 36 (84%) of the samples that could not be diagnosed using the standard diagnostic testing methods. C1 [Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Beltran, Manuela; Acosta, Luz Nereida; Jordan-Munoz, Jorge; Luce, Richard; Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Torres, Jomil] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. RP Hunsperger, E (reprint author), 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM enh4@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1128/CVI.00040-11 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 771HH UT WOS:000291147300012 PM 21508167 ER PT J AU O'Neal, S Noh, J Wilkins, P Keene, W Lambert, W Anderson, J Luman, JC Townes, J AF O'Neal, Seth Noh, John Wilkins, Patricia Keene, William Lambert, William Anderson, James Luman, Jenifer Compton Townes, John TI Taenia solium Tapeworm Infection, Oregon, 2006-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LOS-ANGELES-COUNTY; UNITED-STATES; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; CYSTICERCOSIS; ANTIGENS; TRAVEL; ASSAY AB Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by Taenia solium larval cysts. Its epidemiology in cysticercosis-nonendemic regions is poorly understood, and the role of public health institutions is unclear. To determine the incidence of NCC and to pilot screening of household contacts for tapeworms, we conducted population-based active surveillance in Oregon. We screened for T. solium infection by examining hospital billing codes and medical charts for NCC diagnosed during January 1, 2006 December 31, 2009 and collecting fecal and blood samples from household contacts of recent case-patients. We identified 87 case-patients, for an annual incidence of 0.5 cases per 100,000 general population and 5.8 cases per 100,000 Hispanics. In 22 households, we confirmed 2 additional NCC case-patients but no current adult intestinal tapeworm infections. NCC is of clinical and public health concern in Oregon, particularly among Hispanics. Public health intervention should focus on family members because household investigations can identify additional case-patients. C1 [O'Neal, Seth; Lambert, William; Anderson, James; Luman, Jenifer Compton; Townes, John] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Noh, John; Wilkins, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Keene, William] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP O'Neal, S (reprint author), 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,CSB 681, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM oneals@ohsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections; Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR024140]; National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program and by the Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, grant number UL1 RR024140 from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the National Institutes of Health, and National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1030 EP 1036 DI 10.3201/eid1706.101397 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600010 PM 21749764 ER PT J AU De Cock, KM Jaffe, HW Curran, JW AF De Cock, Kevin M. Jaffe, Harold W. Curran, James W. TI Reflections on 30 Years of AIDS SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB June 2011 marks the 30th anniversary of the first description of what became known as HIV/AIDS, now one of history's worst pandemics. The basic public health tools of surveillance and epidemiologic investigation helped define the epidemic and led to initial prevention recommendations. Features of the epidemic, including the zoonotic origin of HIV and its spread through global travel, are central to the concept of emerging infectious diseases. As the epidemic expanded into developing countries, new models of global health and new global partnerships developed. Advocacy groups played a major role in mobilizing the response to the epidemic, having human rights as a central theme. Through the commitments of governments and private donors, modern HIV treatment has become available throughout the developing world. Although the end of the epidemic is not yet in sight and many challenges remain, the response has been remarkable and global health has changed for the better. C1 [De Cock, Kevin M.; Jaffe, Harold W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Curran, James W.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Curran, James W.] Emory Ctr AIDS Res, Atlanta, GA USA. RP De Cock, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop D69,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmd2@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 13 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1044 EP 1048 DI 10.3201/eid1706.100184 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600012 PM 21749766 ER PT J AU Medalla, F Sjolund-Karlsson, M Shin, S Harvey, E Joyce, K Theobald, L Nygren, BL Pecic, G Gay, K Austin, J Stuart, A Blanton, E Mintz, ED Whichard, JM Barzilay, EJ AF Medalla, Felicita Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria Shin, Sanghyuk Harvey, Emily Joyce, Kevin Theobald, Lisa Nygren, Benjamin L. Pecic, Gary Gay, Kathryn Austin, Jana Stuart, Andrew Blanton, Elizabeth Mintz, Eric D. Whichard, Jean M. Barzilay, Ezra J. TI Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi, United States, 1999-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FEVER AB We report 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates submitted to the US National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System during 1999-2008. The first 2 had indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and identical gyrA and parC mutations. Eight of the 9 patients had traveled to India within 30 days before illness onset. C1 [Medalla, Felicita; Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria; Joyce, Kevin; Theobald, Lisa; Nygren, Benjamin L.; Pecic, Gary; Gay, Kathryn; Austin, Jana; Stuart, Andrew; Blanton, Elizabeth; Mintz, Eric D.; Whichard, Jean M.; Barzilay, Ezra J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Sanghyuk] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Harvey, Emily] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. RP Medalla, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fmedalla@cdc.gov FU US Food and Drug Administration FX The US Food and Drug Administration provides funding support for NARMS. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1095 EP 1098 DI 10.3201/eid1706.100594 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600025 PM 21749779 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Martin, D Lichiello, P Ahmed, F Friedman, C Williams, B AF Harris, Jeffrey R. Martin, Diane Lichiello, Patricia Ahmed, Faruque Friedman, Carol Williams, Barbara TI Community Vaccinators in the Workplace SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS C1 [Harris, Jeffrey R.] Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Ahmed, Faruque; Friedman, Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, 1107 NE 45th St,Ste 200, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM jh7@uw.edu OI Harris, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8728-7195 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1134 EP 1135 DI 10.3201/eid1706.101763 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600039 PM 21749793 ER PT J AU Cox, CM Neises, D Garten, RJ Bryant, B Hesse, RA Anderson, GA Trevino-Garrison, I Shu, B Lindstrom, S Klimov, AI Finelli, L AF Cox, Chad M. Neises, Daniel Garten, Rebecca J. Bryant, Bill Hesse, Richard A. Anderson, Gary A. Trevino-Garrison, Ingrid Shu, Bo Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander I. Finelli, Lyn TI Swine Influenza Virus A (H3N2) Infection in Human, Kansas, USA, 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID TRANSMISSION; WISCONSIN; CANADA; PIGS C1 [Cox, Chad M.; Garten, Rebecca J.; Shu, Bo; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander I.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neises, Daniel; Trevino-Garrison, Ingrid] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS USA. [Bryant, Bill] Kansas Anim Hlth Dept, Topeka, KS USA. [Hesse, Richard A.; Anderson, Gary A.] Kansas State Vet Diagnost Lab, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Cox, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cyv5@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1143 EP 1144 DI 10.3201/eid1706.101488 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600044 PM 21749798 ER PT J AU Lo, YC Kintziger, KW Carson, HJ Patrick, SL Turabelidze, G Stanek, D Blackmore, C Lingamfelter, D Dudley, MH Shadomy, SV Shieh, WJ Drew, CP Batten, BC Zaki, SR AF Lo, Yi-Chun Kintziger, Kristina W. Carson, Henry J. Patrick, Sarah L. Turabelidze, George Stanek, Danielle Blackmore, Carina Lingamfelter, Daniel Dudley, Mary H. Shadomy, Sean V. Shieh, Wun-Ju Drew, Clifton P. Batten, Brigid C. Zaki, Sherif R. TI Severe Leptospirosis Similar to Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Florida and Missouri, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID OUTBREAK; PATHOLOGY; HAWAII C1 [Lo, Yi-Chun; Patrick, Sarah L.; Turabelidze, George] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO 65019 USA. [Lo, Yi-Chun; Shadomy, Sean V.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Drew, Clifton P.; Batten, Brigid C.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kintziger, Kristina W.; Stanek, Danielle; Blackmore, Carina] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Carson, Henry J.; Lingamfelter, Daniel; Dudley, Mary H.] Jackson Cty Med Examiners Off, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Lo, YC (reprint author), Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, 920 Wildwood,POB 570, Jefferson City, MO 65019 USA. EM igj7@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1145 EP 1146 DI 10.3201/eid1706.100980 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 772JG UT WOS:000291229600045 PM 21749799 ER PT J AU Kvasnovsky, CL Cegielski, JP Erasmus, R Siwisa, NO Thomas, K van der Walt, ML AF Kvasnovsky, Charlotte L. Cegielski, J. Peter Erasmus, Roshen Siwisa, N. Olga Thomas, Khulile van der Walt, Martie L. TI Extensively Drug-Resistant TB in Eastern Cape, South Africa: High Mortality in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Patients SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE extensively drug resistant; HIV; survival; treatment-related outcomes; tuberculosis; XDR-TB ID NEW-YORK-CITY; TUBERCULOSIS; AIDS AB Background: Tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) have had high mortality rates, especially when coinfected with HIV. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of the first 206 patients treated for XDR-TB in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, October 2006 to January 2008, a province that has treated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis since 2000. All 206 patients were hospitalized for treatment until monthly sputum specimens were culture negative. Results: Sixty-five patients diagnosed with XDR-TB died before XDR-TB treatment start. Among 195 patients starting treatment with a known HIV status, 108 (55.4%) were HIV positive, and 86 patients (44.1%) died during the first year of treatment. HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ARVs) fared and HIV-negative patients, and more of both these groups survived than HIV-positive patients not on ARVs. However, HIV-negative patients experienced more serious adverse events requiring the withdrawal of medications than did HIV-positive patients, regardless of the use of ARVs. Conclusions: Experience in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, suggests that patients can be treated for both XDR-TB and HIV. We have also shown that such combination therapy can be well tolerated by patients. C1 [Kvasnovsky, Charlotte L.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kvasnovsky, Charlotte L.; van der Walt, Martie L.] Med Res Council South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. [Cegielski, J. Peter] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erasmus, Roshen; Siwisa, N. Olga; Thomas, Khulile] Jose Pearson Specialized TB Hosp, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. RP Kvasnovsky, CL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM ckvasnovsky@smail.umaryland.edu NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 57 IS 2 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31821190a3 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 771MQ UT WOS:000291163100016 PM 21297482 ER PT J AU Kodani, M Yang, GY Conklin, LM Travis, TC Whitney, CG Anderson, LJ Schrag, SJ Taylor, TH Beall, BW Breiman, RF Feikin, DR Njenga, MK Mayer, LW Oberste, MS Tondella, MLC Winchell, JM Lindstrom, SL Erdman, DD Fields, BS AF Kodani, Maja Yang, Genyan Conklin, Laura M. Travis, Tatiana C. Whitney, Cynthia G. Anderson, Larry J. Schrag, Stephanie J. Taylor, Thomas H., Jr. Beall, Bernard W. Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. Njenga, M. Kariuki Mayer, Leonard W. Oberste, M. Steven Tondella, Maria Lucia C. Winchell, Jonas M. Lindstrom, Stephen L. Erdman, Dean D. Fields, Barry S. TI Application of TaqMan Low-Density Arrays for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Respiratory Pathogens SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; COMPREHENSIVE DETECTION; ASSAYS; VIRUSES; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; BACTERIAL AB The large and growing number of viral and bacterial pathogens responsible for respiratory infections poses a challenge for laboratories seeking to provide rapid and comprehensive pathogen identification. We evaluated a novel application of the TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) cards for real-time PCR detection of 21 respiratory-pathogen targets. The performance of the TLDA was compared to that of individual real-time PCR (IRTP) assays with the same primers and probes using (i) nucleic acids extracted from the 21 pathogen strains and 66 closely related viruses and bacteria and (ii) 292 clinical respiratory specimens. With spiked samples, TLDA cards were about 10-fold less sensitive than IRTP assays. By using 292 clinical specimens to generate 2,238 paired individual assays, the TLDA card exhibited 89% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 86 to 92%; range per target, 47 to 100%) and 98% specificity (95% CI, 97 to 99%; range per target, 85 to 100%) overall compared to IRTP assays as the gold standard with a threshold cycle (C(T)) cutoff of 43. The TLDA card approach offers promise for rapid and simultaneous identification of multiple respiratory pathogens for outbreak investigations and disease surveillance. C1 [Kodani, Maja; Yang, Genyan; Conklin, Laura M.; Travis, Tatiana C.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Schrag, Stephanie J.; Taylor, Thomas H., Jr.; Beall, Bernard W.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Tondella, Maria Lucia C.; Winchell, Jonas M.; Fields, Barry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.; Oberste, M. Steven; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lindstrom, Stephen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kodani, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MKodani@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2175 EP 2182 DI 10.1128/JCM.02270-10 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500018 PM 21471348 ER PT J AU Veguilla, V Hancock, K Schiffer, J Gargiullo, P Lu, XH Aranio, D Branch, A Dong, LB Holiday, C Liu, F Steward-Clark, E Sun, H Tsang, B Wang, D Whaley, M Bai, YH Cronin, L Browning, P Dababneh, H Noland, H Thomas, L Foster, L Quinn, CP Soroka, SD Katz, JM AF Veguilla, Vic Hancock, Kathy Schiffer, Jarad Gargiullo, Paul Lu, Xiuhua Aranio, Darbi Branch, Alicia Dong, Libo Holiday, Crystal Liu, Feng Steward-Clark, Evelene Sun, Hong Tsang, Byron Wang, David Whaley, Melissa Bai, Yaohui Cronin, Li Browning, Peter Dababneh, Hanan Noland, Heather Thomas, Leilani Foster, Lydia Quinn, Conrad P. Soroka, Stephen D. Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Sensitivity and Specificity of Serologic Assays for Detection of Human Infection with 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Virus in US Populations SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A; ANTIBODY; NEUTRALIZATION; ENGLAND; SERUM AB Swine origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has spread globally to cause the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Serological studies can improve our understanding of the extent of human infection and risk factors associated with the transmission of this pandemic virus. The "gold standard" for serodiagnosis of human influenza virus infection is the detection of seroconversion between acute-and convalescent-stage samples. However, the timing of seroepidemiological investigations often precludes the collection of truly acute-phase sera, requiring development of serological criteria for evaluating convalescent-phase sera that optimize detection of true positives and true negatives. To guide seroepidemiological investigations into the spread of the novel 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, we characterized serum antibody responses to 2009 H1N1 virus in 87 individuals with confirmed viral infection and 227 nonexposed U. S. individuals using microneutralization (MN) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for each assay alone and in combination for detection of 2009 H1N1 virus-specific antibodies in convalescent-phase sera. Although the HI assay was more specific for detecting antibody to 2009 H1N1, the MN assay was more sensitive, particularly for detecting low-titer seroconversions. A combination of titers (MN >= 40 and HI >= 20) provided the highest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%) for individuals aged <60 years and 92% specificity for adults aged >= 60 years for detection of serologically confirmed 2009 H1N1 infections in U. S. populations during the first pandemic waves. These studies provide an approach to optimize timely serological investigations for future pandemics or outbreaks of novel influenza viruses among humans. C1 [Veguilla, Vic; Hancock, Kathy; Gargiullo, Paul; Lu, Xiuhua; Branch, Alicia; Dong, Libo; Holiday, Crystal; Liu, Feng; Sun, Hong; Tsang, Byron; Wang, David; Bai, Yaohui; Browning, Peter; Noland, Heather; Thomas, Leilani; Foster, Lydia; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schiffer, Jarad; Aranio, Darbi; Steward-Clark, Evelene; Whaley, Melissa; Cronin, Li; Dababneh, Hanan; Quinn, Conrad P.; Soroka, Stephen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G-16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JKatz@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was fully supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2210 EP 2215 DI 10.1128/JCM.00229-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500023 PM 21471339 ER PT J AU Derber, C Coudron, P Tarr, C Gladney, L Turnsek, M Shankaran, S Wong, E AF Derber, Catherine Coudron, Philip Tarr, Cheryl Gladney, Lori Turnsek, Maryann Shankaran, Shivanjali Wong, Edward TI Vibrio furnissii: an Unusual Cause of Bacteremia and Skin Lesions after Ingestion of Seafood SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUVIALIS AB Vibrio furnissii in the blood is rarely reported, which may explain why clinical features of bloodstream infections with this organism have not been described. We describe a patient who developed skin lesions and V. furnissii bacteremia and was successfully treated with fluoroquinolones. V. furnissii may be a serious pathogen in patients with underlying comorbidities who are exposed to seafood. C1 [Wong, Edward] McGuire VA Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Richmond, VA 23224 USA. [Derber, Catherine; Shankaran, Shivanjali] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Tarr, Cheryl; Gladney, Lori; Turnsek, Maryann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wong, E (reprint author), McGuire VA Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd, Richmond, VA 23224 USA. EM derbercj@evms.edu; Edward.wong@va.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2348 EP 2349 DI 10.1128/JCM.00092-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500054 PM 21450956 ER PT J AU Edupuganti, S Rouphael, N Mehta, A Eaton, M Heller, JG Bressler, A Brandt, M O'Donnell, K AF Edupuganti, Srilatha Rouphael, Nadine Mehta, Aneesh Eaton, Molly Heller, John G. Bressler, Adam Brandt, Mary O'Donnell, Kerry TI Fusarium falciforme Vertebral Abscess and Osteomyelitis: Case Report and Molecular Classification SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLANI SPECIES COMPLEX; DNA-SEQUENCE DATABASE; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTIONS; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT AB Fusarium is a ubiquitous mold that can cause superficial infections such as keratitis and onychomycosis in immunocompetent humans; however, infections in immunocompromised hosts can be fatal. We report an unusual case of epidural abscess and vertebral osteomyelitis in a patient with an autoimmune disorder who was on long-term glucocorticoids. Multilocus DNA sequence-based typing revealed that the infection was caused by a novel three-locus haplotype of Fusarium falciforme designated FSSC 3+4qqq. C1 [Edupuganti, Srilatha; Rouphael, Nadine; Mehta, Aneesh; Eaton, Molly] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heller, John G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bressler, Adam] Infect Dis Specialists Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brandt, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Edupuganti, S (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Hope Clin,Emory Vaccine Ctr, 603 Church St, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM sedupug@emory.edu RI Mehta, Aneesh/B-8054-2012 OI Mehta, Aneesh/0000-0002-6552-9162 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2350 EP 2353 DI 10.1128/JCM.02547-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500055 PM 21450957 ER PT J AU Hemashettar, BM Patil, RN O'Donnell, K Chaturvedi, V Ren, P Padhye, AA AF Hemashettar, B. M. Patil, R. N. O'Donnell, Kerry Chaturvedi, Vishnu Ren, Ping Padhye, Arvind A. TI Chronic Rhinofacial Mucormycosis Caused by Mucor irregularis (Rhizomucor variabilis) in India SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZYGOMYCOSIS; SPECTRUM; DISEASE AB In this article, we describe a chronic case of rhinofacial mucormycosis caused by Mucor irregularis, formerly known as Rhizomucor variabilis var. variabilis, a rare mycotic agent in humans. The infection caused progressive destruction of the nasal septum and soft and hard palate, leading to collapse of the nose bridge and an ulcerative gaping hole. The mucoralean mold cultured from a nasal biopsy specimen was determined by multilocus DNA sequence data to be conspecific with M. irregularis. C1 [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hemashettar, B. M.] Hi Tech Hlth Care & Diagnost Ctr Pvt Ltd, Belgaum 590002, India. [Patil, R. N.] Jawaharlal Nehru Med Coll, Dept Ear Nose & Throat, Belgaum 590010, India. [Chaturvedi, Vishnu; Ren, Ping] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Padhye, Arvind A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP O'Donnell, K (reprint author), ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kerry.odonnell@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2372 EP 2375 DI 10.1128/JCM.02326-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500061 PM 21508154 ER PT J AU Mochon, AB Garner, OB Hindler, JA Krogstad, P Ward, KW Lewinski, MA Rasheed, JK Anderson, KF Limbago, BM Humphries, RM AF Mochon, A. Brian Garner, Omai B. Hindler, Janet A. Krogstad, Paul Ward, Kevin W. Lewinski, Michael A. Rasheed, James K. Anderson, Karen F. Limbago, Brandi M. Humphries, Romney M. TI New Delhi Metallo-beta-Lactamase (NDM-1)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Case Report and Laboratory Detection Strategies (vol 49, pg 1667, 2011) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Mochon, A. Brian] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mochon, AB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2386 EP 2386 DI 10.1128/JCM.00730-11 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 769NZ UT WOS:000291024500069 ER PT J AU Kroneman, A Vennema, H Deforche, K von der Avoort, H Penaranda, S Oberste, S Vinje, J Koopmans, M AF Kroneman, A. Vennema, H. Deforche, K. v. d. Avoort, H. Penaranda, S. Oberste, S. Vinje, J. Koopmans, M. TI An automated genotyping tool for enteroviruses and noroviruses SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phylogeny; Genotyping; Norovirus; Enterovirus ID ORIGINAL CLINICAL SPECIMENS; GENOGROUP-II NOROVIRUSES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PCR AMPLIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; OUTBREAKS; GASTROENTERITIS; SEQUENCES; VP1; SEROTYPES AB Background: Molecular techniques are established as routine in virological laboratories and virus typing through (partial) sequence analysis is increasingly common. Quality assurance for the use of typing data requires harmonization of genotype nomenclature, and agreement on target genes, depending on the level of resolution required, and robustness of methods. Objective: To develop and validate web-based open-access typing-tools for enteroviruses and noroviruses. Study design: An automated web-based typing algorithm was developed, starting with BLAST analysis of the query sequence against a reference set of sequences from viruses in the family Picornaviridae or Caliciviridae. The second step is phylogenetic analysis of the query sequence and a sub-set of the reference sequences, to assign the enterovirus type or norovirus genotype and/or variant, with profile alignment, construction of phylogenetic trees and bootstrap validation. Typing is performed on VP1 sequences of Human enterovirus A to D, and ORF1 and ORF2 sequences of genogroup I and II noroviruses. For validation, we used the tools to automatically type sequences in the RIVM and CDC enterovirus databases and the FBVE norovirus database. Results: Using the typing-tools, 785(99%) of 795 Enterovirus VP1 sequences, and 8154(98.5%) of 8342 norovirus sequences were typed in accordance with previously used methods. Subtyping into variants was achieved for 4439(78.4%) of 5838 NoV GII.4 sequences. Discussion and conclusions: The online typing-tools reliably assign genotypes for enteroviruses and noroviruses. The use of phylogenetic methods makes these tools robust to ongoing evolution. This should facilitate standardized genotyping and nomenclature in clinical and public health laboratories, thus supporting inter-laboratory comparisons. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kroneman, A.; Vennema, H.; v. d. Avoort, H.; Koopmans, M.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Infect Dis Lab, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Deforche, K.] MyBioData, Rotselaar, Belgium. [Penaranda, S.; Oberste, S.; Vinje, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Koopmans, M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Kroneman, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Infect Dis Lab, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM annelies.kroneman@rivm.nl OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU RIVM; CDC FX This project was funded through core funding of the RIVM and CDC. NR 40 TC 213 Z9 229 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 51 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.03.006 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 768OD UT WOS:000290943600007 PM 21514213 ER PT J AU Painter, JE Sales, JM Pazol, K Wingood, GM Windle, M Orenstein, WA DiClemente, RJ AF Painter, Julia E. Sales, Jessica M. Pazol, Karen Wingood, Gina M. Windle, Michael Orenstein, Walter A. DiClemente, Ralph J. TI Adolescent Attitudes Toward Influenza Vaccination and Vaccine Uptake in a School-Based Influenza Vaccination Intervention: A Mediation Analysis SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccine; psychological theories; adolescent; rural population ID UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; HEALTH; VIRUS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY; KNOWLEDGE; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: School-based vaccination programs may provide an effective strategy to immunize adolescents against influenza. This study examined whether adolescent attitudes toward influenza vaccination mediated the relationship between receipt of a school-based influenza vaccination intervention and vaccine uptake. METHODS: Participants were recruited from 2 counties participating in a school-based influenza vaccination intervention trial in rural Georgia (N = 337). Data were collected from surveys distributed to adolescents at pre- and post-intervention time points and from documents indicating vaccine uptake. Guided by the Health Belief Model and the Integrated Behavioral Model, surveys assessed demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial variables. A mediation analysis was used to test whether changes in psychosocial variables from baseline to follow-up mediated the relationship between study condition and influenza vaccine uptake. RESULTS: Controlling for background variables, step 1 of the mediation analysis revealed a significant relationship between study condition and vaccine uptake (odds ratio = 1.77, p = .038). Step 2 of the mediation analysis revealed a significant relationship between study condition and changes in psychosocial variables from baseline to follow-up. Steps 3 and 4 of the mediation analysis revealed that there was full mediation of the relationship between study condition and receipt of an influenza vaccination by intention to receive an influenza vaccination. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that the success of our school-based influenza vaccination intervention in increasing vaccine uptake was mediated by adolescents' intention to receive an influenza vaccination. Future influenza vaccination efforts geared toward rural adolescents may benefit from addressing adolescent attitudes toward influenza vaccination, particularly increasing intention to receive a vaccine. C1 [Painter, Julia E.; Sales, Jessica M.; Wingood, Gina M.; Windle, Michael] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Painter, Julia E.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pazol, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. [DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Clin, Ctr AIDS Res, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Painter, JE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Road NE,Room 557, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jellenb@emory.edu; jmcderm@emory.edu; kpazol@cdc.gov; gwingoo@emory.edu; mwindle@emory.edu; walter.orenstein@gatesfoundation.org; rdiclem@sph.emory.edu FU NCIRD CDC HHS [R36 IP000289-01]; NIAID NIH HHS [T32AI074492] NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 81 IS 6 BP 304 EP 312 DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00595.x PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 766FE UT WOS:000290765600003 PM 21592125 ER PT J AU Foti, K Balaji, A Shanklin, S AF Foti, Kathryn Balaji, Alexandra Shanklin, Shari TI Uses of Youth Risk Behavior Survey and School Health Profiles Data: Applications for Improving Adolescent and School Health SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Youth Risk Behavior Survey; School Health Profiles; adolescent health; school health; data uses ID PROGRAM APPLICATIONS; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; POLICY AB BACKGROUND: To monitor priority health risk behaviors and school health policies and practices, respectively, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and the School Health Profiles (Profiles). CDC is often asked about the use and application of these survey data to improve adolescent and school health. The purpose of this article is to describe the importance and potential impact of Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and Profiles data based on examples from participating sites. METHODS: The authors spoke with representatives from 25 state and 8 local agencies funded by CDC to learn how data from the YRBS, Profiles, and other data sources are used. The authors identified common themes in the responses and categorized the responses accordingly. RESULTS: Representatives indicated survey data are used to describe risk behaviors and school health policies and practices, inform professional development, plan and monitor programs, support health-related policies and legislation, seek funding, and garner support for future surveys. Examples presented highlight the range of possible uses of survey data. CONCLUSIONS: State and local agencies use YRBS and Profiles data in many ways to monitor and address issues related to adolescent and school health. Innovative uses of survey data are encouraged, although it is also crucial to continue the more fundamental uses of survey data. If the data are not disseminated, the current health needs of students may not be adequately addressed. C1 [Foti, Kathryn; Shanklin, Shari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Balaji, Alexandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Foti, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-K33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM htk7@cdc.gov; abalaji@cdc.gov; bsa7@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 81 IS 6 BP 345 EP 354 DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00601.x PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 766FE UT WOS:000290765600008 PM 21592130 ER PT J AU Abdel-Fattah, M Al-Sherbiny, M Osman, A Charmy, R Tsang, V AF Abdel-Fattah, Mohamed Al-Sherbiny, Maged Osman, Ahmed Charmy, Ragia Tsang, Victor TI Improving the detection limit of quantitative diagnosis of anti-S. haematobium antibodies using Falcon Assay Screening Test (FAST) ELISA by developing a new standard curve SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ADULT MICROSOMAL ANTIGENS; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; SEROLOGIC REAGENT; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS; JAPONICUM; SERODIAGNOSIS; OPTIMIZATION; INFECTIONS; COMPONENTS AB Immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis are currently based on parasitological examinations of stool and urine for egg detection, which is laborious and lacks sensitivity. There are many assays that detect the anti-schistosomal antibodies in patient sera. One of these assays is the Falcon assay screening test (FAST) ELISA that uses adult worm microsomal antigen for Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni, HAMA, MAMA antigen, respectively. This assay depends on quantitative detection of anti-schistosome antibodies, using a standard curve, but the detection limit of FAST-HAMA assay is low due to the small range of the standard curve. In our study, a new wide range (0-80 mu l/mu l) of standard curve for FAST-HAMA assay was constructed, and the cut-off value of the assay, using the new curve, was determined to be 1.2 units/mu l. Screening of 41 S. haematobium-infected sera with FAST-HAMA, using the new constructed curve, showed a sensitivity of 95%. The purity of HAMA antigen and highly specific Abs for S. haematobium lends the FAST-HAMA with the new constructed wide range standard curve as a diagnostic assay with high detection limit for S. haematobium infection. C1 [Abdel-Fattah, Mohamed] Holding Co Biol Prod & Vaccines VACSERA, R&D Dept, Giza, Egypt. [Al-Sherbiny, Maged; Osman, Ahmed; Charmy, Ragia] Cairo Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Giza, Egypt. [Tsang, Victor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abdel-Fattah, M (reprint author), Holding Co Biol Prod & Vaccines VACSERA, R&D Dept, 51 Wezaret El Zeraa St, Giza, Egypt. EM mafmohamed@yahoo.com FU Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt [263-0140.2, 09-02-82]; United States Agency for International Development, Egypt FX The research described in this article was performed under a research grant agreement with the Schistosomiasis Research Projects, 263-0140.2, grant # 09-02-82, funded by the Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt and the United States Agency for International Development, Egypt. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1457 EP 1463 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-2198-y PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 766HR UT WOS:000290772100016 PM 21161274 ER PT J AU MacNeil, JR Cohn, AC Zell, ER Schmink, S Miller, E Clark, T Messonnier, NE AF MacNeil, Jessica R. Cohn, Amanda C. Zell, Elizabeth R. Schmink, Susanna Miller, Elaine Clark, Thomas Messonnier, Nancy E. CA ABCs MeningNet Surveillance Partners TI Early Estimate of the Effectiveness of Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE vaccine effectiveness; conjugate vaccine; meningococcal disease ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; HERD-IMMUNITY; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; COVERAGE; IDENTIFICATION; DECLINE AB Background: In January 2005, a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY D) was licensed for use in the United States. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends MenACWY D for all adolescents 11 to 18 years of age and others at increased risk for meningococcal disease. Methods: Reports of breakthrough meningococcal disease after vaccination with MenACWY D were collected. A simulation approach was used to estimate the expected number of cases in vaccinated persons. Results: Between 2005 and 2008, 14 breakthrough cases, including 3 deaths occurred. At a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 90%, 7 breakthrough cases would be expected (range, 1-17); at VE of 85%, 11 cases (range, 2-30); at VE of 80%, 15 cases (range, 5-28); and at VE of 75%, 18 cases (range, 7-32) would be expected. The probability of the >= 14 observed cases occurring was 2.9% at VE of 90%, 29.3% at VE of 85%, 66.1% at VE of 80%, and 83.0% at VE of 75%. Conclusions: This report provides an early estimate of MenACWY D effectiveness within 3 to 4 years after vaccination, and suggests that MenACWY D effectiveness is 80% to 85%, similar to the VE reported for meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. C1 [MacNeil, Jessica R.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Zell, Elizabeth R.; Schmink, Susanna; Clark, Thomas; Messonnier, Nancy E.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Miller, Elaine] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacNeil, JR (reprint author), CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmacneil@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 451 EP 455 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31820a8b3c PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 770OB UT WOS:000291095600004 PM 21206392 ER PT J AU Langley, GF Anderson, LJ AF Langley, Gayle Fischer Anderson, Larry J. TI Epidemiology and Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Among Infants and Young Children SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE respiratory syncytial virus; epidemiology; prevention ID CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE; INVESTIGATORS COLLABORATIVE NETWORK; CHRONIC LUNG-DISEASE; HIGH-RISK CHILDREN; PREMATURE-INFANTS; PALIVIZUMAB PROPHYLAXIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; RSV INFECTION; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION AB Since its discovery in 1956, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been recognized as one of the most common causes of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide. While considered a high priority, development of a safe and effective vaccine has remained elusive. Prevention of RSV disease relies on infection control and hygiene measures, as well as providing immunoprophylaxis in select infants. The prophylaxis, however, is costly, and so targeting the recipient population and timing of administration is important for optimal effectiveness and judicious use of limited health care resources. This article reviews the epidemiology of RSV infections in infants and young children, including risk factors for severe disease, so as to inform decisions about prevention efforts. C1 [Langley, Gayle Fischer; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Langley, GF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fez7@cdc.gov NR 77 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 510 EP 517 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182184ae7 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 770OB UT WOS:000291095600017 PM 21487331 ER PT J AU Boyle, CA Boulet, S Schieve, LA Cohen, RA Blumberg, SJ Yeargin-Allsopp, M Visser, S Kogan, MD AF Boyle, Coleen A. Boulet, Sheree Schieve, Laura A. Cohen, Robin A. Blumberg, Stephen J. Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn Visser, Susanna Kogan, Michael D. TI Trends in the Prevalence of Developmental Disabilities in US Children, 1997-2008 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE developmental disabilities; prevalence; autism; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY-DISORDER; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFYING INFANTS; MENTAL-RETARDATION; HEALTH; IMPACT; DIAGNOSIS; GIRLS AB OBJECTIVE: To fill gaps in crucial data needed for health and educational planning, we determined the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children and in selected populations for a recent 12-year period. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We used data on children aged 3 to 17 years from the 1997-2008 National Health Interview Surveys, which are ongoing nationally representative samples of US households. Parent-reported diagnoses of the following were included: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; intellectual disability; cerebral palsy; autism; seizures; stuttering or stammering; moderate to profound hearing loss; blindness; learning disorders; and/or other developmental delays. RESULTS: Boys had a higher prevalence overall and for a number of select disabilities compared with girls. Hispanic children had the lowest prevalence for a number of disabilities compared with non-Hispanic white and black children. Low income and public health insurance were associated with a higher prevalence of many disabilities. Prevalence of any developmental disability increased from 12.84% to 15.04% over 12 years. Autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and other developmental delays increased, whereas hearing loss showed a significant decline. These trends were found in all of the sociodemographic subgroups, except for autism in non-Hispanic black children. CONCLUSIONS: Developmental disabilities are common and were reported in similar to 1 in 6 children in the United States in 2006-2008. The number of children with select developmental disabilities (autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and other developmental delays) has increased, requiring more health and education services. Additional study of the influence of risk-factor shifts, changes in acceptance, and benefits of early services is needed. Pediatrics 2011; 127:1034-1042 C1 [Boyle, Coleen A.; Boulet, Sheree; Schieve, Laura A.; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn; Visser, Susanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cohen, Robin A.; Blumberg, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kogan, Michael D.] Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Boyle, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cboyle@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX The National Health Interview Study is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 39 TC 347 Z9 352 U1 21 U2 93 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 6 BP 1034 EP 1042 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-2989 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 771GV UT WOS:000291146100043 PM 21606152 ER PT J AU Manning, SE Davin, CA Barfield, WD Kotelchuck, M Clements, K Diop, H Osbahr, T Smith, LA AF Manning, Susan E. Davin, Carol A. Barfield, Wanda D. Kotelchuck, Milton Clements, Karen Diop, Hafsatou Osbahr, Tracy Smith, Lauren A. TI Early Diagnoses of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Massachusetts Birth Cohorts, 2001-2005 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE autism spectrum disorders; ASD; early diagnoses; early intervention ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; INTENSIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; PREVALENCE TRENDS; UNITED-STATES; PATERNAL AGE; CHILDREN; POPULATION; RISK; CALIFORNIA; MINNESOTA AB OBJECTIVE: We examined trends in autism spectrum disorder diagnoses by age 36 months (early diagnoses) and identified characteristics associated with early diagnoses. METHODS: Massachusetts birth certificate and early-intervention program data were linked to identify infants born between 2001 and 2005 who were enrolled in early intervention and receiving autism-related services before age 36 months (through December 31, 2008). Trends in early autism spectrum disorders were examined using Cochran-Armitage trend tests. chi(2) Statistics were used to compare distributions of selected characteristics for children with and without autism spectrum disorders. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of early diagnoses. RESULTS: A total of 3013 children (77.5 per 10 000 study population births) were enrolled in early intervention for autism spectrum disorder by age 36 months. Autism spectrum disorder incidence increased from 56 per 10 000 infants among the 2001 birth cohort to 93 per 10 000 infants in 2005. Infants of mothers younger than 24 years of age, whose primary language was not English or who were foreign-born had lower odds of an early autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Maternal age older than 30 years was associated with increased odds of an early autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Odds of early autism spectrum disorders were 4.5 (95% confidence interval: 4.1-5.0) times higher for boys than girls. CONCLUSIONS: Early autism spectrum disorder diagnoses are increasing in Massachusetts, reflecting the national trend observed among older children. Linkage of early-intervention program data with population-based vital statistics is valuable for monitoring autism spectrum disorder trends and planning developmental and educational service needs. Pediatrics 2011; 127:1043-1051 C1 [Manning, Susan E.; Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Manning, Susan E.; Davin, Carol A.; Diop, Hafsatou; Osbahr, Tracy; Smith, Lauren A.] Bur Family Hlth & Nutr, Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Kotelchuck, Milton] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Clements, Karen] I3 Innovus, Medford, MA USA. RP Manning, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 286 Water St,8th Floor, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. EM aci6@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 18 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 6 BP 1043 EP 1051 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-2943 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 771GV UT WOS:000291146100044 PM 21576313 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Salis, S AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Salis, Spencer TI Preventing Medication Overdoses in Young Children: An Opportunity for Harm Elimination SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Salis, Spencer] US FDA, Div New Drugs & Labeling Compliance, Off Compliance, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2011 VL 127 IS 6 BP E1597 EP E1599 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0926 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 771GV UT WOS:000291146100031 PM 21555494 ER PT J AU Curtis, KM Tepper, NK Marchbanks, PA AF Curtis, Kathryn M. Tepper, Naomi K. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Putting risk into perspective: The US medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use SO REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Contraception; Diabetes; Evidence-based guidelines; Inflammatory bowel disease; Obesity; Risk ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; DIABETES-MELLITUS; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-WOMEN; OBESITY; HEALTH AB Unintended pregnancy remains a considerable problem in the United States, with health risks for both mother and infant. These risks may be increased among women with medical conditions, for whom pregnancy can lead to severe adverse outcomes. Highly effective and safe contraceptive methods are available to prevent unintended pregnancy. However, women with medical conditions and their providers also may be concerned about potential risks associated with contraceptive method use. Evidence-based guidance documents can be helpful tools for clinicians to efficiently use evidence and put risks into perspective. The US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2010, provides evidence-based recommendations for the safety of contraceptive use among women with medical conditions and other characteristics. While some contraceptive methods pose risks for some women, these must be considered in context and weighed against such considerations as the absolute risk of adverse events and the risks associated with pregnancy. Most women, even women with medical conditions, can safely use highly effective methods of contraception and promoting their use will further efforts to reduce unintended pregnancy. C1 [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, MS K-34,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9155 J9 REV ENDOCR METAB DIS JI Rev. Endocr. Metab. Disord. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 12 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1007/s11154-011-9177-1 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 770AK UT WOS:000291059200007 PM 21541854 ER PT J AU Dudeck, MA Horan, TC Peterson, KD Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Pollock, DA Edwards, JR AF Dudeck, Margaret A. Horan, Teresa C. Peterson, Kelly D. Allen-Bridson, Katherine Morrell, Gloria C. Pollock, Daniel A. Edwards, Jonathan R. TI National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report, data summary for 2009, device-associated module SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article C1 [Dudeck, Margaret A.; Horan, Teresa C.; Peterson, Kelly D.; Allen-Bridson, Katherine; Morrell, Gloria C.; Pollock, Daniel A.; Edwards, Jonathan R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Div Healthcare Qual Pro, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Dudeck, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Div Healthcare Qual Pro, MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM MDudeck@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 5 BP 349 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.011 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 769XD UT WOS:000291050700002 PM 21774120 ER PT J AU Hulkower, RL Casanova, LM Rutala, WA Weber, DJ Sobsey, MD AF Hulkower, Rachel L. Casanova, Lisa M. Rutala, William A. Weber, David J. Sobsey, Mark D. TI Inactivation of surrogate coronaviruses on hard surfaces by health care germicides SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Coronavirus; disinfection; surfaces; severe acute respiratory syndrome; SARS; environmental ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; HOSPITAL SURFACES; SARS CORONAVIRUS; DISINFECTANTS; VIRUSES; INFECTIONS; PATHOGENS; EFFICACY; DISEASE; SPREAD AB Background: In the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak, finding viral nucleic acids on hospital surfaces suggested surfaces could play a role in spread in health care environments. Surface disinfection may interrupt transmission, but few data exist on the effectiveness of health care germicides against coronaviruses on surfaces. Methods: The efficacy of health care germicides against 2 surrogate coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), was tested using the quantitative carrier method on stainless steel surfaces. Germicides were o-phenylphenol/p-tertiary amylphenol) (a phenolic), 70% ethanol, 1:100 sodium hypochlorite, ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), instant hand sanitizer (62% ethanol), and hand sanitizing spray (71% ethanol). Results: After 1-minute contact time, for TGEV, there was a log(10) reduction factor of 3.2 for 70% ethanol, 2.0 for phenolic, 2.3 for OPA, 0.35 for 1:100 hypochlorite, 4.0 for 62% ethanol, and 3.5 for 71% ethanol. For MHV, log(10) reduction factors were 3.9 for 70% ethanol, 1.3 for phenolic, 1.7 for OPA, 0.62 for 1:100 hypochlorite, 2.7 for 62% ethanol, and 2.0 for 71% ethanol. Conclusion: Only ethanol reduced infectivity of the 2 coronaviruses by >3-log(10) after 1 minute. Germicides must be chosen carefully to ensure they are effective against viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. C1 [Casanova, Lisa M.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Hulkower, Rachel L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rutala, William A.; Weber, David J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Sobsey, Mark D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Casanova, LM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, POB 3995, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM lcasanova@gsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 5 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.08.011 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 769XD UT WOS:000291050700008 PM 21256627 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, T AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa TI Health Care-Associated Infections Studies Project: An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network Data Quality Collaboration Case Study 5 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Hebden, Joan N.] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Dept Infect Control, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM MWright@northshore.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2011 VL 39 IS 5 BP 431 EP 432 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.022 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 769XD UT WOS:000291050700013 PM 21624636 ER PT J AU Luo, FJ Florence, CS Quispe-Agnoli, M Ouyang, LJ Crosby, AE AF Luo, Feijun Florence, Curtis S. Quispe-Agnoli, Myriam Ouyang, Lijing Crosby, Alexander E. TI Impact of Business Cycles on US Suicide Rates, 1928-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SEVERE ECONOMIC RECESSION; CRISIS HOTLINE OUTCOMES; SOUTH-KOREA; TIME-SERIES; UNEMPLOYMENT; MORTALITY; TAIWAN; TRENDS; CALLERS; HEALTH AB Objectives. We examined the associations of overall and age-specific suicide rates with business cycles from 1928 to 2007 in the United States. Methods. We conducted a graphical analysis of changes in suicide rates during business cycles, used nonparametric analyses to test associations between business cycles and suicide rates, and calculated correlations between the national unemployment rate and suicide rates. Results. Graphical analyses showed that the overall suicide rate generally rose during recessions and fell during expansions. Age-specific suicide rates responded differently to recessions and expansions. Nonparametric tests indicated that the overall suicide rate and the suicide rates of the groups aged 25 to 34 years, 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years, and 55 to 64 years rose during contractions and fell during expansions. Suicide rates of the groups aged 15 to 24 years, 65 to 74 years, and 75 years and older did not exhibit this behavior. Correlation results were concordant with all nonparametric results except for the group aged 65 to 74 years. Conclusions. Business cycles may affect suicide rates, although different age groups responded differently. Our findings suggest that public health responses are a necessary component of suicide prevention during recessions. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:1139-1146. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300010) C1 [Luo, Feijun; Florence, Curtis S.; Crosby, Alexander E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Quispe-Agnoli, Myriam] Fed Reserve Bank Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ouyang, Lijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Luo, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM FLuo@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1146 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 767VQ UT WOS:000290887000036 PM 21493938 ER PT J AU Feng, YY Zhao, XK Chen, JX Jin, W Zhou, XN Li, N Wang, L Xiao, LH AF Feng, Yaoyu Zhao, Xukun Chen, Jiaxu Jin, Wei Zhou, Xiaonong Li, Na Wang, Lin Xiao, Lihua TI Occurrence, Source, and Human Infection Potential of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. in Source and Tap Water in Shanghai, China SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SURFACE-WATER; WASTE-WATER; RECREATIONAL AREAS; SOURCE TRACKING; RIVER WATER; RAW WATER; OOCYSTS; SAMPLES AB Genotyping studies on the source and human infection potential of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water have been almost exclusively conducted in industrialized nations. In this study, 50 source water samples and 30 tap water samples were collected in Shanghai, China, and analyzed by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 1623. To find a cost-effective method to replace the filtration procedure, the water samples were also concentrated by calcium carbonate flocculation (CCF). Of the 50 source water samples, 32% were positive for Cryptosporidium and 18% for Giardia by Method 1623, whereas 22% were positive for Cryptosporidium and 10% for Giardia by microscopy of CCF concentrates. When CCF was combined with PCR for detection, the occurrence of Cryptosporidium (28%) was similar to that obtained by Method 1623. Genotyping of Cryptosporidium in 17 water samples identified the presence of C. andersoni in 14 water samples, C. suis in 7 water samples, C. baileyi in 2 water samples, C. meleagridis in 1 water sample, and C. hominis in 1 water sample. Therefore, farm animals, especially cattle and pigs, were the major sources of water contamination in Shanghai source water, and most oocysts found in source water in the area were not infectious to humans. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 2 of 30 tap water samples. The combined use of CCF for concentration and PCR for detection and genotyping provides a less expensive alternative to filtration and fluorescence microscopy for accurate assessment of Cryptosporidium contamination in water, although the results from this method are semiquantitative. C1 [Feng, Yaoyu; Zhao, Xukun; Wang, Lin] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jiaxu; Zhou, Xiaonong] Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Parasit Dis, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Key Lab Parasite & Vector Biol, Shanghai 200025, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jiaxu; Zhou, Xiaonong] WHO Collaborating Ctr Malaria Schistosomiasis & F, Shanghai 200025, Peoples R China. [Jin, Wei] Tongji Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Li, Na; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30928019, 81041078]; fundamental research funds for the Central Universities in China [WB0914044]; Shanghai Science and Technology Committee [09540704400]; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology at the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute; IDEXX, China FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 30928019 and 81041078), by fundamental research funds for the Central Universities in China (grant WB0914044), by the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (grant 09540704400), by the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology at the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, and by IDEXX, China. NR 67 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 11 BP 3609 EP 3616 DI 10.1128/AEM.00146-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 767HY UT WOS:000290847800008 PM 21498768 ER PT J AU Lipsitch, M Finelli, L Heffernan, RT Leung, GM Redd, SC AF Lipsitch, Marc Finelli, Lyn Heffernan, Richard T. Leung, Gabriel M. Redd, Stephen C. CA 2009 H1N1 Surveillance Grp TI IMPROVING THE EVIDENCE BASE FOR DECISION MAKING DURING A PANDEMIC: THE EXAMPLE OF 2009 INFLUENZA A/H1N1 SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; REPRODUCTION NUMBER; SERIAL INTERVAL; A(H1N1) VIRUS AB This article synthesizes and extends discussions held during an international meeting on "Surveillance for Decision Making: The Example of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1,'' held at the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics (CCDD), Harvard School of Public Health, on June 14 and 15, 2010. The meeting involved local, national, and global health authorities and academics representing 7 countries on 4 continents. We define the needs for surveillance in terms of the key decisions that must be made in response to a pandemic: how large a response to mount and which control measures to implement, for whom, and when. In doing so, we specify the quantitative evidence required to make informed decisions. We then describe the sources of surveillance and other population-based data that can presently-or in the future-form the basis for such evidence, and the interpretive tools needed to process raw surveillance data. We describe other inputs to decision making besides epidemiologic and surveillance data, and we conclude with key lessons of the 2009 pandemic for designing and planning surveillance in the future. C1 [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam,Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redd, Stephen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heffernan, Richard T.] Bur Communicable Dis & Emergency Response, Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Epidemiol Sect, Madison, WI USA. [Leung, Gabriel M.] Govt Hong Kong Special Adm Reg, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Lipsitch, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam,Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mlipsitc@hsph.harvard.edu OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Leung, Gabriel/0000-0002-2503-6283; Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U105260556]; NIGMS NIH HHS [U54GM088558] NR 143 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 89 EP 115 DI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0007 PG 27 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 769JK UT WOS:000291008500009 PM 21612363 ER PT J AU Adam, BW Orsini, JJ Martin, M Hall, EM Zobel, SD Caggana, M Hannon, WH AF Adam, B. W. Orsini, J. J., Jr. Martin, M. Hall, E. M. Zobel, S. D. Caggana, M. Hannon, W. H. TI The preparation and storage of dried-blood spot quality control materials for lysosomal storage disease screening tests SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Lysosomal storage diseases; Newborn screening; Umbilical-cord blood; Quality control; Dried blood spot; Storage stability; Tandem mass spectrometry ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS-I; FILTER-PAPER; ENZYMATIC DIAGNOSIS; FABRY-DISEASE; DIRECT ASSAY; DISORDERS; NEWBORNS; ENZYMES; POMPE AB Objective: We aimed to prepare dried-blood spot (DBS) quality control (QC) materials for lysosomal storage disease (LSD) screening tests and to determine optimum blood and DBS storage conditions. Methods: We compared enzyme activities of five LSD markers in adult blood, umbilical-cord blood, and leukocyte-reduced blood. We measured activities in liquid blood and DBSs after predetermined intervals at controlled temperatures and humidities. Results: Lysosomal-enzyme activity levels in umbilical-cord blood mimicked those in newborn screening samples. Lysosomal-enzyme activities in leukocyte-reduced blood were lower than in LSD-positive patient samples. Enzyme activities were stable in refrigerated liquid blood for 32 days and in frozen DBSs stored at low humidity for a year. Activity losses from DBSs after 34 days at 37 +/- 1 degrees C were 35%-66% in low humidity and 61%-100% in high humidity. Conclusions: Umbilical-cord blood is the preferred matrix for LSD-normal DBS QC materials. Leukocyte-reduced blood is lysosomal enzyme-deficient. Failure to control humidity during DBS storage results in loss of lYsosomal-enzyme activities. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Adam, B. W.; Zobel, S. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Orsini, J. J., Jr.; Martin, M.; Caggana, M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Newborn Screening Program, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Hall, E. M.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Adam, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BAdam@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 44 IS 8-9 BP 704 EP 710 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.02.014 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 770IY UT WOS:000291081400025 PM 21382365 ER PT J AU Christenson, RH Snyder, SR Shaw, CS Derzon, JH Black, RS Mass, D Epner, P Favoretto, AM Liebow, EB AF Christenson, Robert H. Snyder, Susan R. Shaw, Colleen S. Derzon, James H. Black, Robert S. Mass, Diana Epner, Paul Favoretto, Alessandra M. Liebow, Edward B. TI Laboratory Medicine Best Practices: Systematic Evidence Review and Evaluation Methods for Quality Improvement SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ERRORS; PRINCIPLES; GUIDELINES; STATEMENT AB OBJECTIVE: To develop methods for systematically reviewing evidence for identifying effective laboratory medicine (LM) practices associated with improved healthcare quality outcomes. RELEVANCE: Although many evidence-evaluation systems have been developed, none are designed to include and rate healthcare quality improvement studies to identify evidence-based practices that improve patient safety and LM quality. METHODS: Validated evidence-based medicine methods established by governmental agencies, the Guide to Community Preventive Services, and others were adapted for the LM field. Key methods modifications included (a) inclusion of quality improvement study designs; (b) mechanisms for inclusion of unpublished evidence, (c) combining of individual ratings of study quality, effect size, and relevance of outcome measures to evaluate consistency of practice evidence; and (d) deriving an overall strength rating to support evidence-based best practice recommendations. The methods follow the process steps of: ask; acquire; appraise; analyze; apply; and assess. Expert panels used the systematic evidence review results on practice effectiveness for improving healthcare quality outcomes consistent with the Institute of Medicine's healthcare quality aims (safe, timely, effective, equitable, efficient, and patient-centered). CONCLUSIONS: Adapting and developing methods from validated systems and applying them to systematically review and evaluate practices in LM by using published and unpublished studies is feasible. With these methods, evidence from quality improvement studies can be systematically synthesized and summarized to identify effective LM practices. Practical and scientifically validated demonstration of a positive impact on outcomes ensures that practitioners, policy makers, and decision makers at all levels have the evidence needed for improving healthcare quality and public health. (C) 2011 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Snyder, Susan R.; Shaw, Colleen S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Derzon, James H.; Black, Robert S.; Favoretto, Alessandra M.; Liebow, Edward B.] Battelle Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA. [Mass, Diana] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Clin Sci Lab, Tempe, AZ USA. [Epner, Paul] Paul Epner LLC, Evanston, IL USA. RP Christenson, RH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM rchristenson@umm.edu RI Derzon, James/D-7220-2013 OI Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X; Derzon, James/0000-0002-3997-1950 FU CDC [W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235] FX CDC (W911NF-07-D-0001/DO 0191/TCN 07235) to Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 BP 816 EP 825 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2010.157131 PG 10 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 769PF UT WOS:000291028600009 PM 21515742 ER PT J AU Goins, RT Spencer, SM McGuire, LC Goldberg, J Wen, Y Henderson, JA AF Goins, R. Turner Spencer, S. Melinda McGuire, Lisa C. Goldberg, Jack Wen, Yang Henderson, Jeffrey A. TI Adult Caregiving Among American Indians: The Role of Cultural Factors SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Cultural identity; Traditional healing; Sociocultural stress; Coping model ID FAMILY CAREGIVERS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; ETHNIC-IDENTITY; SOCIOCULTURAL STRESS; PHYSICAL HEALTH; ALASKA-NATIVES; MENTAL-HEALTH; COPING MODEL; DEMENTIA; BURDEN AB Purpose: With a sample of American Indian adults, we estimated the prevalence of adult caregiving, assessed the demographic and cultural profile of caregivers, and examined the association between cultural factors and being a caregiver. This is the first such study conducted with American Indians. Design and Methods: Data came from a cross-sectional study of 5,207 American Indian adults residing on 2 closely related Lakota Sioux reservations in the Northern Plains and one American Indian community in the Southwest. Cultural factors included measures of cultural identity and traditional healing practices. Results: Seventeen percent of our sample reported being caregivers. In both the Northern Plains and Southwest, caregiving was positively correlated with younger age, being a woman, larger household size, attending and participating in Native events, and endorsement of traditional healing practices. In both regions, attendance and participation in Native events and engagement in traditional healing practices were associated with increased odds of caregiving after adjusting for covariates. Only in the Northern Plains did we find that speaking some Native language at home was associated with increased odds of being a caregiver. Examination of interaction terms indicated some sex differences in the association between cultural factors and caregiving in the Northern Plains but not in the Southwest. Implications: Our findings indicate that greater cultural identity and engagement in traditional healing practices are related to caregiving in American Indian populations. Caregiving research, intervention efforts, and caregiving programs and services in Native communities should pay special attention to the dynamics of culture and caregiving. C1 [Goins, R. Turner] W Virginia Univ, Ctr Aging, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Spencer, S. Melinda] Univ S Carolina, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Spencer, S. Melinda] Univ S Carolina, Inst So Studies, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [McGuire, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldberg, Jack] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Goldberg, Jack] VA Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Vietnam Era Twin Registry, Seattle, WA USA. [Wen, Yang; Henderson, Jeffrey A.] Black Hills Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Rapid City, SD USA. RP Goins, RT (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Ctr Aging, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM rgoins@hsc.wvu.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000052]; NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA089139, 1R01 CA89139] NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD JUN PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 310 EP 320 DI 10.1093/geront/gnq101 PG 11 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 766XO UT WOS:000290820100004 PM 21148253 ER PT J AU Moloney, M Aycock, D Cotsonis, G Myerburg, S Farino, C Lentz, M Johnson, C AF Moloney, M. Aycock, D. Cotsonis, G. Myerburg, S. Farino, C. Lentz, M. Johnson, C. TI Women's Symptoms, Triggers, and Migraine Predictions in an Internet-Based Diary Study SO HEADACHE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Scientific Meeting on American-Headache-Society CY JUN 02-05, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Headache Soc C1 [Moloney, M.; Aycock, D.] Georgia State Univ, Byrdine F Lewis Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Cotsonis, G.; Farino, C.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Myerburg, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lentz, M.] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnson, C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0017-8748 J9 HEADACHE JI Headache PD JUN PY 2011 VL 51 SU 1 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 768WJ UT WOS:000290969100045 ER PT J AU Ogbuanu, IU AF Ogbuanu, I. U. TI Tracking Progress Toward Global Polio Eradication-Worldwide, 2009-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 441-445, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Ogbuanu, I. U.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis,EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Ogbuanu, IU (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis,EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ige2@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 21 BP 2165 EP 2167 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 770RN UT WOS:000291106300009 ER PT J AU Tynan, M Babb, S MacNeil, A Griffin, M AF Tynan, M. Babb, S. MacNeil, A. Griffin, M. TI State Smoke-Free Laws for Worksites, Restaurants, and Bars-United States, 2000-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 472-475, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID ASTHMA C1 [Tynan, M.; Babb, S.; MacNeil, A.; Griffin, M.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tynan, M (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mtynan@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 21 BP 2167 EP 2169 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 770RN UT WOS:000291106300010 ER PT J AU Kent, M Platt, SR Rech, RR Eagleson, JS Howerth, EW Shoff, M Fuerst, PA Booton, G Visvesvara, GS Schatzberg, SJ AF Kent, Marc Platt, Simon R. Rech, Raquel R. Eagleson, Joseph S. Howerth, Elizabeth W. Shoff, Megan Fuerst, Paul A. Booton, Greg Visvesvara, Govihda S. Schatzberg, Scott J. TI Multisystemic infection with an Acanthamoeba sp in a dog SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID RESPONSIVE MENINGITIS-ARTERITIS; REAL-TIME PCR; PRIMARY AMEBIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; URINARY-TRACT-INFECTION; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; LONG-TERM; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; OPPORTUNISTIC AMEBAS; KERATITIS AB Case Description-A 10-month-old Boxer was evaluated for fever and signs of cervical pain. Clinical Findings-Physical examination revealed lethargy, fever, and mucopurulent ocular and preputial discharge. On neurologic examination, the gait was characterized by a short stride. The dog kept its head flexed and resisted movement of the neck, consistent with cervical pain. Clinicopathblogic findings included neutrophilic leukocytosis, a left shift, and monocytosis. Cervical radiographs were unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed neutrophilic pleocytosis and high total protein content. On the basis of signalment, history, and clinicopathologic data, a diagnosis of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis was made. Treatment and Outcome-The dog was treated with prednisone (3.2 mg/kg [1.45 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h), for 3 weeks with limited response. Consequently, azathioprine (2 mg/kg [0.9 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h) was administered. Three weeks later, the dog was evaluated for tachypnea and lethargy. Complete blood count revealed leukopenia, neutropenia, and a left shift. Thoracic radiography revealed a diffuse bronchointerstitial pattern. The dog subsequently went into respiratory arrest and died. On histologic evaluation, amoebic organisms were observed in the lungs, kidneys, and meninges of the brain and spinal cord. A unique Acanthamoeba sp was identified by use of PCR assay. Clinical Relevance-This dog developed systemic amoebic infection presumed to be secondary to immunosuppression. The development of secondary infection should be considered in animals undergoing immunosuppression for immune-mediated disease that develop clinical signs unrelated to the primary disease. Although uncommon, amoebic infection may develop in immunosuppressed animals. Use of a PCR assay for identification of Acanthamoeba spp may provide an antemortem diagnosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011;238:1476-1481) C1 [Kent, Marc; Platt, Simon R.; Eagleson, Joseph S.; Schatzberg, Scott J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rech, Raquel R.; Howerth, Elizabeth W.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shoff, Megan] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Off Sci & Engn Labs, Div Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Fuerst, Paul A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Coll Biol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Booton, Greg] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mol Genet, Coll Biol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Visvesvara, Govihda S.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kent, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Med & Surg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM Mkent1@uga.edu NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 238 IS 11 BP 1476 EP 1481 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 770GR UT WOS:000291075500019 PM 21627512 ER PT J AU Ethier, KA Dittus, PJ DeRosa, CJ Chung, EQ Martinez, E Kerndt, PR AF Ethier, Kathleen A. Dittus, Patricia J. DeRosa, Christine J. Chung, Emily Q. Martinez, Esteban Kerndt, Peter R. TI School-Based Health Center Access, Reproductive Health Care, and Contraceptive Use Among Sexually Experienced High School Students SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent sexual health; Contraceptive use; Reproductive health care; School-based health centers ID CLINICS; SERVICES; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT AB Purpose: The current analyses compared receipt of reproductive health care, contraceptive use, and screening for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among adolescents who are sexually experienced, with or without access to a school clinic. Methods: A total of 12 urban California high schools, selected from areas with high teen pregnancy and STD rates, half with school-based health centers (SBHCs), participated in an intervention study designed to improve sexual health among adolescents. Of the participating students, 44% indicated that they had ever had intercourse and were included in these analyses. Results: Access to an SBHC did not influence receipt of reproductive health care for either males or females and did not influence contraceptive use, either hormonal or condoms, for males. For females, however, those with access to an SBHC had increased odds of having received pregnancy or disease prevention care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.80), having used hormonal contraceptives at last sex (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.24-2.28), and were more likely to have ever been screened for an STD (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.43-2.40). Also among female students, those with access to an SBHC were more likely to have used emergency contraception at last sex (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.08-4.22). Conclusion: Although access to an on-site clinic does not seem to lead to increases in all types of reproductive care in the population as a whole, sexually active females are more likely to have received more specific care and to have used hormonal contraceptives if their school has an SBHC. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Ethier, Kathleen A.; Dittus, Patricia J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeRosa, Christine J.; Chung, Emily Q.; Martinez, Esteban] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kerndt, Peter R.] Sexually Transmitted Dis Program, Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Ethier, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbe0@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U30/CCU922283-01] FX This research was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U30/CCU922283-01). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 11 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 562 EP 565 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.01.018 PG 4 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 763OG UT WOS:000290568700004 PM 21575814 ER PT J AU Van Vliet, G Grosse, SD AF Van Vliet, Guy Grosse, Scott D. TI The Continuing Health Burden of Congenital Hypothyroidism in the Era of Neonatal Screening SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Editorial Material ID YOUNG-ADULTS; CHILDREN; OUTCOMES C1 [Van Vliet, Guy] Univ Montreal, Hop St Justine, Dept Endocrinol Serv, Serv Endocrinol, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada. [Van Vliet, Guy] Univ Montreal, Hop St Justine, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Pediat, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada. [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Van Vliet, G (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Hop St Justine, Dept Endocrinol Serv, Serv Endocrinol, 3175 Cote St Catherine, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada. EM guy.van-vliet@recherche-ste-justine.qc.ca NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 96 IS 6 BP 1671 EP 1673 DI 10.1210/jc.2011-0687 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 766TU UT WOS:000290810200039 PM 21602460 ER PT J AU Mei, ZG Cogswell, ME Looker, AC Pfeiffer, CM Cusick, SE Lacher, DA Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Mei, Zuguo Cogswell, Mary E. Looker, Anne C. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Cusick, Sarah E. Lacher, David A. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Assessment of iron status in US pregnant women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SERUM TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; REFERENCE RANGES; BODY IRON; AGE; SUPPLEMENTATION; POPULATION; PREVALENCE AB Background: Total body iron calculated from serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations allows for the evaluation of the full range of iron status. Objective: We described the distribution of total body iron and the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) on the basis of total body iron in US pregnant women. Design: We examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999-2006 for 1171 pregnant women. Results: ID prevalence (+/- SE) in US pregnant women, which was defined as total body iron <0 mg/kg, was 18.0 +/- 1.4%. Pregnant women in the first trimester had a higher mean total body iron than did pregnant women in the second or third trimesters. ID prevalence in pregnant women increased significantly with each trimester (6.9 +/- 2.2%, 14.3 +/- 2.1%, and 29.5 +/- 2.7% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively). Pregnant women with parity >= 2 had the lowest mean total body iron and the highest prevalence of ID compared with values for pregnant women with parity of 0 or 1. The ID prevalence in non-Hispanic white pregnant women was significantly lower than in Mexican American or non-Hispanic black pregnant women. The mean total body iron and the prevalence of ID did not differ by educational level or by family income. Conclusions: To our knowledge, these are the first data on total body iron distributions for a representative sample of US pregnant women. Low total body iron is more prevalent in pregnant women in the second or third trimesters, in Mexican American pregnant women, in non-Hispanic black pregnant women, and in women with parity >= 2. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:1312-20. C1 [Mei, Zuguo; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Looker, Anne C.; Lacher, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Cusick, Sarah E.] Univ Minnesota, Div Global Pediat, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Mei, ZG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-25,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zmei@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1312 EP 1320 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.007195 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 766PD UT WOS:000290796700019 PM 21430118 ER PT J AU Crider, KS Zhu, JH Hao, L Yang, QH Yang, TP Gindler, J Maneval, DR Quinlivan, EP Li, Z Bailey, LB Berry, RJ AF Crider, Krista S. Zhu, Jiang-Hui Hao, Ling Yang, Quan-He Yang, Thomas P. Gindler, Jacqueline Maneval, David R. Quinlivan, Eoin P. Li, Zhu Bailey, Lynn B. Berry, Robert J. TI MTHFR 677C -> T genotype is associated with folate and homocysteine concentrations in a large, population-based, double-blind trial of folic acid supplementation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; POLYMORPHISMS; RISK; WOMEN; GENE; FORTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; METABOLISM; PREVENTION AB Background: The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype is associated with modification of disease and risk of neural tube defects. Plasma and red blood cell (RBC) folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations change in response to daily intakes of folic acid supplements, but no large-scale or population-based randomized trials have examined whether the MTHFR genotype modifies the observed response. Objective: We sought to determine whether the MTHFR 677C -> T genotype modifies the response to folic acid supplementation during and 3 mo after discontinuation of supplementation. Design: Northern Chinese women of childbearing age were enrolled in a 6-mo supplementation trial of different folic acid doses: 100, 400, and 4000 mu g/d and 4000 mu g/wk. Plasma and RBC folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations were measured at baseline; after 1, 3, and 6 mo of supplementation; and 3 mo after discontinuation of supplementation. MTHFR genotyping was performed to identify a C -> T mutation at position 677 (n = 932). Results: Plasma and RBC folate and homocysteine concentrations were associated with MTHFR genotype throughout the supplementation trial, regardless of folic acid dose. MTHFR TT was associated with lower folate concentrations, and the trend of TT < CC was maintained at even the highest doses. Folic acid doses of 100 mu g/d or 4000 mu g/wk did not reduce high homocysteine concentrations in those with the MTHFR TT genotype. Conclusion: MTHFR genotype was an independent predictor of plasma and RBC folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations and did not have a significant interaction with folic acid dose during supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00207558. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:1365-72. C1 [Crider, Krista S.; Yang, Quan-He; Gindler, Jacqueline; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhu, Jiang-Hui; Hao, Ling; Li, Zhu] Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Jiang-Hui; Hao, Ling; Li, Zhu] Peking Univ, Minist Hlth, Natl Reference Lab Reprod & Child Hlth, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Yang, Thomas P.] Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ctr Epigenet, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Maneval, David R.; Quinlivan, Eoin P.; Bailey, Lynn B.] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Berry, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rjb1@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1365 EP 1372 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.004671 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 766PD UT WOS:000290796700026 PM 21508090 ER PT J AU Kahn, HS Pavkov, ME AF Kahn, Henry S. Pavkov, Meda E. TI Intra-abdominal Pressure Can Be Estimated Inexpensively by the Sagittal Abdominal Diameter SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; OBESITY; HYPERTENSION C1 [Kahn, Henry S.; Pavkov, Meda E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kahn, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 BP 959 EP 959 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.03.007 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 766MX UT WOS:000290788400023 PM 21601129 ER PT J AU Hibbs, AC Secor, WE Van Gerven, D Armelagos, G AF Hibbs, Amber Campbell Secor, W. Evan Van Gerven, Dennis Armelagos, George TI Irrigation and Infection: The Immunoepidemiology of Schistosomiasis in Ancient Nubia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE paleoepidemiology; Schistosoma mansoni; parasite ecology ID CIRCULATING CATHODIC ANTIGEN; MANSONI PREVALENCES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; KENYA; HAEMATOBIUM; MORBIDITY; EGYPT; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; POPULATIONS AB Schistosomiasis has been deemed "the most important water-based disease from a global public-health perspective'' in modern populations. To better understand the burden of schistosomiasis in ancient populations, we conducted immunologic examinations of desiccated tissue samples from two ancient Nubian populations, Wadi Halfa (N = 46) and Kulubnarti (N = 191). Saqia irrigated agriculture increases the available habitat for the aquatic vector snails and the risk of exposure. On the basis of evidence regarding the impact of saqia irrigation on schistosomiasis prevalence and transmission in modern populations, we predicted that the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection would be higher in Wadi Halfa (saqia irrigation) than Kulubnarti (annual flooding). We also predicted that peak infection prevalence would occur at an earlier age within the Wadi Halfa population than the Kulubnarti population and that in both populations the prevalence of schistosomiasis would be higher in males than females due to differential water contact. The prevalence of S. mansoni was greater in the Wadi Halfa population (26.1%) than at Kulubnarti (9.4%) (P = 0.002). However, peak prevalence of infection did not occur in a younger age category within the Wadi Halfa population; prevalence of infection peaked at 66.7% in the mature adult age group (46+1 years) in the Wadi Halfa population and at 16% in the later child age group (6-10 years) in the Kulubnarti population. There were no statistically significant differences in prevalence between males and females of either population. The impact of human alteration of the environment on the transmission of schistosomiasis is clearly shown in these populations. Am J Phys Anthropol 145:290-298, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Hibbs, Amber Campbell; Armelagos, George] Emory Univ, Dept Anthropol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Van Gerven, Dennis] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Hibbs, AC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Anthropol, 207 Anthropol,1557 Dickey Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM amber.rae.campbell@gmail.com NR 63 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 145 IS 2 BP 290 EP 298 DI 10.1002/ajpa.21493 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 766HQ UT WOS:000290772000011 PM 21469072 ER PT J AU Govender, NP Patel, J van Wyk, M Chiller, TM Lockhart, SR AF Govender, Nelesh P. Patel, Jaymati van Wyk, Marelize Chiller, Tom M. Lockhart, Shawn R. CA Grp Enteric Resp Meningeal Dis TI Trends in Antifungal Drug Susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates Obtained through Population-Based Surveillance in South Africa in 2002-2003 and 2007-2008 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; FLUCONAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION; SYMPTOMATIC RELAPSE; AMPHOTERICIN-B; MENINGITIS; RESISTANCE; AIDS; MICRODILUTION AB Cryptococcus neoformans is the most common cause of meningitis among adult South Africans with HIV infection/AIDS. Widespread use of fluconazole for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis and other HIV-associated opportunistic fungal infections in South Africa may lead to the emergence of isolates with reduced fluconazole susceptibility. MIC testing using a reference broth microdilution method was used to determine if isolates with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole or amphotericin B had emerged among cases of incident disease. Incident isolates were tested from two surveillance periods (2002-2003 and 2007-2008) when population-based surveillance was conducted in Gauteng Province, South Africa. These isolates were also tested for susceptibility to flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. Serially collected isolate pairs from cases at several large South African hospitals were also tested for susceptibility to fluconazole. Of the 487 incident isolates tested, only 3 (0.6%) demonstrated a fluconazole MIC of >= 16 mu g/ml; all of these isolates were from 2002-2003. All incident isolates were inhibited by very low concentrations of amphotericin B and exhibited very low MICs to voriconazole and posaconazole. Of 67 cases with serially collected isolate pairs, only 1 case was detected where the isolate collected more than 30 days later had a fluconazole MIC value significantly higher than the MIC of the corresponding incident isolate. Although routine antifungal susceptibility testing of incident isolates is not currently recommended in clinical settings, it is still clearly important for public health to periodically monitor for the emergence of resistance. C1 [Govender, Nelesh P.; Patel, Jaymati; van Wyk, Marelize] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Mycol Reference Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Govender, Nelesh P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Chiller, Tom M.; Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Govender, NP (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Mycol Reference Unit, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM neleshg@nicd.ac.za FU Pfizer South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service; CDC, Atlanta, GA [U60/CCU022088]; United States Agency for International Development's Antimicrobial Resistance Initiative; CDC; National Center for HIV/AIDS; Viral Hepatitis; STD; TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); Global AIDS Program (GAP) [U62/PSO022901] FX Nelesh P. Govender is the recipient of a research grant from Pfizer South Africa.; From 2002 through 2004, this study was funded through a cooperative agreement between the National Health Laboratory Service and the CDC, Atlanta, GA. From 2005 through 2006, the study was partially funded by the United States Agency for International Development's Antimicrobial Resistance Initiative, transferred via cooperative agreement U60/CCU022088 from the CDC, Atlanta, GA. From 2005 through 2008, the study was also partially supported by CDC, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Global AIDS Program (GAP), cooperative agreement U62/PSO022901. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2606 EP 2611 DI 10.1128/AAC.00048-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 765NA UT WOS:000290713400017 PM 21444707 ER PT J AU Verret, WJ Arinaitwe, E Wanzira, H Bigira, V Kakuru, A Kamya, M Tappero, JW Sandison, T Dorsey, G AF Verret, Wendy J. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Wanzira, Humphrey Bigira, Victor Kakuru, Abel Kamya, Moses Tappero, Jordan W. Sandison, Taylor Dorsey, Grant TI Effect of Nutritional Status on Response to Treatment with Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in Young Ugandan Children with Malaria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TREATING UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; MALNOURISHED CHILDREN; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; AFRICAN CHILDREN; MORBIDITY AB The relationship between malnutrition and malaria in young children is under debate, and no studies evaluating the association between malnutrition and response to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been published. We evaluated the association between malnutrition and response to antimalarial therapy in Ugandan children treated with ACTs for repeated episodes of malaria. Children aged 4 to 12 months diagnosed with uncomplicated malaria were randomized to dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) or artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and followed for up to 2 years. All HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis (TS). The primary exposure variables included height-for-age and weight-for-age z scores. Outcomes included parasite clearance at days 2 and 3 and risk of recurrent parasitemia after 42 days of follow-up. Two hundred ninety-two children were randomized to DP or AL, resulting in 2,013 malaria treatments. Fewer than 1% of patients had a positive blood smear by day 3 (DP, 0.2%; AL, 0.6% [P = 0.18]). There was no significant association between height-for-age or weight-for-age z scores and a positive blood smear 2 days following treatment. For children treated with DP but not on TS, decreasing height-for-age z scores of < - 1 were associated with a higher risk of recurrent parasitemia than a height-forage z score of > 0 (hazard ratio [HR] for height-for-age z score of < - 1 and >= - 2 = 2.89 [P = 0.039]; HR for height-for-age z score of < - 2 = 3.18 [P = 0.022]). DP and AL are effective antimalarial therapies in chronically malnourished children in a high-transmission setting. However, children with mild to moderate chronic malnutrition not taking TS are at higher risk for recurrent parasitemia and may be considered a target for chemoprevention. C1 [Verret, Wendy J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Wanzira, Humphrey; Bigira, Victor; Kakuru, Abel] Univ California, Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sandison, Taylor] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Verret, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, 101 Haviland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wverret@cal.berkeley.edu FU Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Puget Sound Partners in Global Health; NIH/NIAID [K23-AI082553]; Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award FX We are grateful to all the parents/guardians for kindly giving their consent and the study participants for their cooperation. We thank the members of the Tororo study team. The research was carried out by the Makerere University-University of California, San Francisco Malaria Research Collaboration, supported by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. G.D. is a recipient of the Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award. T.S. was funded through the Puget Sound Partners in Global Health and NIH/NIAID K23-AI082553. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2629 EP 2635 DI 10.1128/AAC.01727-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 765NA UT WOS:000290713400020 PM 21383095 ER PT J AU Unger, ER Steinau, M Lin, JMS Patel, SS Swan, DC AF Unger, Elizabeth R. Steinau, Martin Lin, Jin-Mann S. Patel, Sonya S. Swan, David C. TI Impact of HPV Assay on Observed Population Prevalence SO DIAGNOSTIC MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus; epidemiology; genotyping assays ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA; LINEAR-ARRAY; INFECTION; CANCER AB Type-specific surveillance of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proposed as an early indicator of vaccine impact. Longitudinal comparison of HPV typing results requires stable assays with high type-specific reproducibility. Assays are evolving and the impact of even minor changes in the assay format may be difficult to anticipate. We initiated a population-based study of HPV with the prototype line blot (PLB) assay. These reagents were replaced by the research use only Linear Array (LA) HPV Genotyping kit. The assays are similar in principle and earlier comparisons found increased sensitivity and detection of more types per sample with LA; however, in samples from women with cervical abnormalities, the overall concordance was good. Slight changes in sensitivity may be more significant in samples from a general population with lower viral loads in the samples. Residual extracts from 3001 self-collected vaginal swabs from women in the general US population originally tested with PLB were retested with LA. With LA, all the samples were hybridized. PLB hybridization was restricted to samples with probable amplicon in gel electrophoresis. For HPV detection, the agreement between the 2 assays was 78.6% (kappa = 0.55) with a positive concordance of 52.8%. However, this masks the observation that repeat testing with LA led to the detection of HPV in nearly twice as many samples. Agreement improves if comparison was restricted to the samples hybridized. These results emphasize that assay comparisons should consider the clinical-epidemiologic context of sample collection. Studies designed to examine temporal trends in type-specific prevalence should archive residual material to permit retesting if assays change. C1 [Unger, Elizabeth R.; Steinau, Martin; Lin, Jin-Mann S.; Patel, Sonya S.; Swan, David C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Unger, ER (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot, Chron Viral Dis Branch, MS G41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eunger@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1052-9551 J9 DIAGN MOL PATHOL JI Diagn. Mol. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 2 BP 101 EP 104 DI 10.1097/PDM.0b013e3181f56fa5 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pathology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pathology GA 764VI UT WOS:000290662100006 PM 21532491 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DC Scinicariello, F Attanasio, R AF Nguyen, Doan C. Scinicariello, Franco Attanasio, Roberta TI Characterization and allelic polymorphisms of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) IgG Fc receptor genes SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE Fc receptor; Fc gamma R; CD16; CD32; CD64; Allele; Polymorphism; Rhesus macaque ID GAMMA RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; HETEROGENEITY; ANTIBODIES; DISEASE; CHINESE; SIVMAC; PATHOGENESIS; RECOGNITION; SUPERFAMILY AB Macaque models are invaluable for AIDS research. Indeed, initial development of HIV-1 vaccines relies heavily on simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques. Neutralizing antibodies, a major component of anti-HIV protective responses, ultimately interact with Fc receptors on phagocytic and natural killer cells to eliminate the pathogen. Despite the major role that Fc receptors play in protective responses, there is very limited information available on these molecules in rhesus macaques. Therefore, in this study, rhesus macaque CD32 (Fc gamma RII) and CD64 (Fc gamma RI) homologues were genetically characterized. In addition, presence of CD16 (Fc gamma RIII), CD32, and CD64 allelic polymorphisms were determined in a group of nine animals. Results from this study show that the predicted structures of macaque CD32 and CD64 are highly similar to their human counterparts. Macaque and human CD32 and CD64 extracellular domains are 88-90% and 94-95% homologous, respectively. Although all cysteines are conserved between the two species, macaque CD32 exhibits two additional N-linked glycosylation sites, whereas CD64 lacks three of them when compared to humans. Five CD32, three CD64, and three CD16 distinct allelic sequences were indentified in the nine animals examined, indicating a relatively high level of polymorphism in macaque Fc gamma receptors. Together, these results validate rhesus macaques as models for vaccine development and antibody responses, while at the same time, underscoring the need to take into account the high degree of genetic heterogeneity present in this species when designing experimental protocols. C1 [Nguyen, Doan C.; Attanasio, Roberta] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Scinicariello, Franco] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Scinicariello, Franco] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Attanasio, R (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, POB 4010, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM rattanasio@gsu.edu FU NIH [R21 AI078855]; GSU Office of Research; Georgia Research Alliance FX This work was supported in part by NIH grant R21 AI078855, by the Research Program Enhancement from the GSU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs and by the Georgia Research Alliance. The authors thank the Language Research Center of Georgia State University, Dr. Michael Hart and Matthew Davis for providing and collecting all rhesus macaque blood samples used in this study. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD JUN PY 2011 VL 63 IS 6 BP 351 EP 362 DI 10.1007/s00251-011-0514-z PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 763FR UT WOS:000290541200003 PM 21327607 ER PT J AU Sarisky, J Gerding, J AF Sarisky, John Gerding, Justin TI Environmental Public Health Systems and Services Research SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Editor's Note: NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In this column, EHSB and guest authors from across CDC will highlight a variety of concerns, opportunities, challenges, and successes that we all share in environmental public health. EHSB's objective is to strengthen the role of state, local, and national environmental health programs and professionals to anticipate, identify, and respond to adverse environmental exposures and the consequences of these exposures for human health. The services being developed through EHSB include access to topical, relevant, and scientific information; consultation; and assistance to environmental health specialists, sanitarians, and environmental health professionals and practitioners. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CAPT John Sarisky and LCDR Justin Gerding are environmental health officers in the Environmental Health Services Branch. C1 [Sarisky, John] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sarisky, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JSarisky@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 73 IS 10 BP 24 EP 25 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 768HF UT WOS:000290923900005 PM 21667721 ER PT J AU Fujishiro, K Landsbergis, PA Diez-Roux, AV Stukovsky, KH Shrager, S Baron, S AF Fujishiro, Kaori Landsbergis, Paul A. Diez-Roux, Ana V. Stukovsky, Karen Hinckley Shrager, Sandi Baron, Sherry TI Factorial Invariance, Scale Reliability, and Construct Validity of the Job Control and Job Demands Scales for Immigrant Workers: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Job stress; Factor analysis; Internal consistency; Acculturation; Health disparities ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; DECISION LATITUDE; SOCIAL-CLASS; LIFE-STYLE; STRESS; QUESTIONNAIRE; MORTALITY; STRAIN; WOMEN; MEN AB Immigrants have a different social context from those who stay in their home country or those who were born to the country that immigrants now live. Cultural theory of risk perception suggests that social context influences one's interpretation of questionnaire items. We examined psychometric properties of job control and job demand scales with US- and foreign-born workers who preferred English, Spanish, or Chinese (n = 3,114, mean age = 58.1). Across all groups, the job control scale had acceptable Cronbach's alpha (0.78-0.83) and equivalent factor loadings (Delta CFI < 0.01). Immigrants had low alpha (0.42-0.65) for the job demands scale regardless of language, education, or age of migration. Two job-demand items had different factor loadings across groups. Among immigrants, both scales had inconsistent associations with perceived job stress and self-rated health. For a better understanding of immigrants' job stress, the concept of job demands should be expanded and immigrants' expectations for job control explored. C1 [Fujishiro, Kaori; Baron, Sherry] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Landsbergis, Paul A.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Diez-Roux, Ana V.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stukovsky, Karen Hinckley; Shrager, Sandi] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fujishiro, K (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfujishiro@cdc.gov FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01HC95162, N01 HC095159, N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95169, N01HC95159, N01HC95160, N01HC95161, N01HC95163, N01HC95164, N01HC95165, N01HC95169]; PHS HHS [FY08 CRN SLB8] NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 533 EP 540 DI 10.1007/s10903-010-9364-2 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 760TF UT WOS:000290346000016 PM 20582720 ER PT J AU Chen, SY Anderson, S Kutty, PK Lugo, F McDonald, M Rota, PA Ortega-Sanchez, IR Komatsu, K Armstrong, GL Sunenshine, R Seward, JF AF Chen, Sanny Y. Anderson, Shoana Kutty, Preeta K. Lugo, Francelli McDonald, Michelle Rota, Paul A. Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. Komatsu, Ken Armstrong, Gregory L. Sunenshine, Rebecca Seward, Jane F. TI Health Care-Associated Measles Outbreak in the United States After an Importation: Challenges and Economic Impact SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; SETTINGS; ELIMINATION; INFECTION AB Background. On 12 February 2008, an infected Swiss traveler visited hospital A in Tucson, Arizona, and initiated a predominantly health care-associated measles outbreak involving 14 cases. We investigated risk factors that might have contributed to health care-associated transmission and assessed outbreak-associated hospital costs. Methods. Epidemiologic data were obtained by case interviews and review of medical records. Health care personnel (HCP) immunization records were reviewed to identify non-measles-immune HCP. Outbreak-associated costs were estimated from 2 hospitals. Results. Of 14 patients with confirmed cases, 7 (50%) were aged >= 18 years, 4 (29%) were hospitalized, 7 (50%) acquired measles in health care settings, and all (100%) were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status. Of the 11 patients (79%) who had accessed health care services while infectious, 1 (9%) was masked and isolated promptly after rash onset. HCP measles immunity data from 2 hospitals confirmed that 1776 (25%) of 7195 HCP lacked evidence of measles immunity. Among these HCPs, 139 (9%) of 1583 tested seronegative for measles immunoglobulin G, including 1 person who acquired measles. The 2 hospitals spent US$799,136 responding to and containing 7 cases in these facilities. Conclusions. Suspecting measles as a diagnosis, instituting immediate airborne isolation, and ensuring rapidly retrievable measles immunity records for HCPs are paramount in preventing health care-associated spread and in minimizing hospital outbreak-response costs. C1 [Chen, Sanny Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Sanny Y.; Anderson, Shoana; Komatsu, Ken; Sunenshine, Rebecca] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Bur Epidemiol & Dis Control Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Kutty, Preeta K.; Rota, Paul A.; Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R.; Armstrong, Gregory L.; Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lugo, Francelli; McDonald, Michelle] Pima Cty Hlth Dept, Div Dis Control & Prevent, Tucson, AZ USA. [Sunenshine, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Off, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sychen@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; State of Arizona FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the State of Arizona provided funding to support this investigation. NR 20 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 11 BP 1517 EP 1525 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir115 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 767LT UT WOS:000290858800004 PM 21531693 ER PT J AU Pierson, DL Mehta, SK Gilden, D Cohrs, RJ Nagel, MA Schmid, DS Tyring, SK AF Pierson, Duane L. Mehta, Satish K. Gilden, Don Cohrs, Randall J. Nagel, Maria A. Schmid, D. Scott Tyring, Stephen K. TI Varicella Zoster Virus DNA at Inoculation Sites and in Saliva After Zostavax Immunization SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HERPES-ZOSTER; VACCINE; REACTIVATION; ASTRONAUTS; RASH AB Analysis of 36 individuals over age 60 years who were immunized with Zostavax revealed varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA in swabs of skin inoculation sites obtained immediately after immunization in 18 (50%) of 36 subjects (copy number per nanogram of total DNA, 28 to 2.1 x 10(6)) and in saliva collected over 28 days in 21 (58%) of 36 subjects (copy number, 20 to 248). Genotypic analysis of DNA extracted from 9 random saliva samples identified vaccine virus in all instances. In some immunized individuals over age 60, vaccine virus DNA is shed in saliva up to 4 weeks. C1 [Gilden, Don; Cohrs, Randall J.; Nagel, Maria A.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Pierson, Duane L.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Mehta, Satish K.] Enterprise Advisory Serv Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Tyring, Stephen K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 12700 E 19th Ave,Box B182, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM don.gilden@ucdenver.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AG032958, AG006127, NS067070]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [SMO-015] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant AG032958 to D. G. and R. J. C.; grant AG006127 to D. G.; and grant NS067070 to M. A. N.) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant SMO 015 to D. L. P). National Institutes of Health (grant AG032958 to D. G. and R. J. C.; grant AG006127 to D. G.; and grant NS067070 to M. A. N.) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (SMO-015 to D. L. P.). NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 11 BP 1542 EP 1545 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir139 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 767LT UT WOS:000290858800007 PM 21592982 ER PT J AU Livingston, L Sweeney, E Mitchell, J Luo, W Paul, K Powell, N Hendry, RM McNicholl, J Kersh, E AF Livingston, Lindsay Sweeney, Elizabeth Mitchell, James Luo, Wei Paul, Katherine Powell, Nathaniel Hendry, R. Michael McNicholl, Janet Kersh, Ellen TI Hormonal synchronization of the menstrual cycles of pigtail macaques to facilitate biomedical research including modeling HIV susceptibility SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE contraceptive; human immunodeficiency virus; low-dose vaginal inoculation; macaque; menstrual cycle; non-human primate; pigtail; simian human immunodeficiency virus; synchronization ID BABOONS PAPIO-ANUBIS; VAGINAL TRANSMISSION; STRATEGY; VIRUS; SIV AB Background Menstrual cycle synchronization of female pigtail macaques could prove an invaluable resource in studies of the reproductive tract, associated infections, and other potential research fields. We tested whether use of an oral progesterone and estradiol combination tablet could synchronize menstrual cycles following treatment discontinuation. Methods Daily desogestrel 0.075 mg and ethinyl estradiol 0.01 mg were administered orally to three pigtail macaques at visual onset of perineal sex swelling and were continued until all animals had received it for at least 45 days. The hormones were discontinued, and these three macaques and three controls were observed for menstruation and had blood progesterone and estrogen measured over an additional 2-month period. Results All treatment animals showed spontaneous menstrual cycle synchronization for 2 months after menstrual cycling resumed. Conclusion Progesterone and estradiol combination therapy can be used in pigtail macaques to induce synchronized cycling that persists in the absence of on-going hormone treatments. C1 [Sweeney, Elizabeth; Mitchell, James; Luo, Wei; Hendry, R. Michael; McNicholl, Janet; Kersh, Ellen] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Livingston, Lindsay; Paul, Katherine; Powell, Nathaniel] CDC, Div Sci Resources, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, E (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM egk6@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 164 EP 170 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2010.00465.x PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 766GI UT WOS:000290768600002 PM 21241313 ER PT J AU Coats, MT Murphy, T Paton, JC Gray, B Briles, DE AF Coats, Mamie T. Murphy, Trudy Paton, James C. Gray, Barry Briles, David E. TI Exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is dependent on pneumococcal neuraminidase A SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Hemolytic uremic syndrome; Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen; Neuraminidase ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; SURFACE PROTEIN-A; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OTITIS-MEDIA; T-ANTIGEN; PNEUMOLYSIN; DISEASE; PURIFICATION; VIRULENCE AB Pneumococcal hemolytic uremic syndrome is recognized in a small portion of otherwise healthy children who have or have recently had Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, including severe pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia. As in other types of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), pneumococcal HUS is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia, usually with extensive kidney damage. Although not demonstrated in vivo, the pathogenesis of pneumococcal HUS has been attributed to the action pneumococcal neuraminidase exposing the usually cryptic Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen) on red blood cells (RBC), and kidney glomeruli. We evaluated the effect of pneumococcal infection on desialylation of RBC and glomeruli during pneumococcal infections in mice. Following intravenous infection with capsular type 19F pneumococci, CFU levels exceeding 1000 CFU/mL blood by the third day were significantly more likely to result in exposed T-antigen on RBC than lower levels of bacteremia. In a pneumonia model, significantly more T-antigen was exposed on RBC in mice treated with penicillin than in those receiving mock treatment. Utilizing mutant pneumococci, we demonstrated that neuraminidase A but not neuraminidase B was necessary for exposure of T-antigen on RBC in vivo. Thus, pneumococcal neuraminidase A is necessary for the exposure of T-antigen in vivo and treatment with penicillin increases this effect. Interestingly, NanA(-) pneumococci were found in the blood in higher numbers and caused more deaths than wild type, NanB(-), or the NanA(-)/NanB(-) pneumococci. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Coats, Mamie T.; Briles, David E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Murphy, Trudy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Paton, James C.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Mol & Biomed Sci, Res Ctr Infect Dis, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Gray, Barry] Univ Illinois, Dept Pediat, Peoria, IL USA. [Briles, David E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Briles, DE (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, 1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM dbriles@uab.edu RI Paton, James/A-9920-2008 FU NIH [AI21548]; Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award FX This work was supported by NIH grant AI21548 to D.E.B. Mamie T. Coats was supported by the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 50 IS 6 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.02.010 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 767GJ UT WOS:000290843000011 PM 21377521 ER PT J AU Toblin, RL Mack, KA Perveen, G Paulozzi, LJ AF Toblin, Robin L. Mack, Karin A. Perveen, Ghazala Paulozzi, Leonard J. TI A population-based survey of chronic pain and its treatment with prescription drugs SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Opioid analgesics; Risk factors; Pain measurement ID CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; PERSISTENT PAIN; UNITED-STATES; OPIOIDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COMMUNITY; OVERDOSE; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT AB Chronic pain is a common reason for medical visits, but prevalence estimates vary between studies and have rarely included drug treatment data. This study aimed to examine characteristics of chronic pain and its relation to demographic and health factors, and factors associated with treatment of pain with opioid analgesics. A chronic pain module was added to the 2007 Kansas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (response rate = 61%). Data on prevalence, duration, frequency, and severity of chronic pain, demographics, and health were collected from a representative sample of 4090 adults 18 years and older by telephone. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of both chronic pain and opioid use with demographic and health factors. Chronic pain was reported by 26.0% of the participants and was associated with activity limitations (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.8-4.5), arthritis (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI 2.6-4.0), poor mental health (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-2.8), poor overall health (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.5-2.5), and obesity (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.2-2.0). Of the 33.4% of people with pain who use prescription pain medication, 45.7% took opioids, including 36.7% of those with mild pain. Chronic pain affects a quarter of adults in Kansas and is associated with poor health. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay of prescribed pharmacotherapy in this group, even among those reporting mild pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for the Study of Pain. C1 [Toblin, Robin L.; Mack, Karin A.; Paulozzi, Leonard J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIPC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Toblin, Robin L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perveen, Ghazala] Bur Hlth Promot, Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS 66612 USA. RP Toblin, RL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Ctr Mil Psychiat & Neurosci, Mil Psychiat Branch, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM robin.l.toblin@us.army.mil RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Kansas Department of Health and Environment. None of the authors has any relevant financial interest in this article. The authors have no conflicts of interest. This work was accomplished entirely using internal funding supplied by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD JUN PY 2011 VL 152 IS 6 BP 1249 EP 1255 DI 10.1016/j.pain.2010.12.036 PG 7 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 765MD UT WOS:000290710100010 PM 21397401 ER PT J AU Brewer, RD AF Brewer, R. D. TI ALCOHOL POLICY SURVEILLANCE AND PUBLIC HEALTH SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 34th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 25-29, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA SP Res Soc Alcoholism C1 [Brewer, R. D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alcohol Team, Atlanta, GA USA. 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TI ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIAGNOSED DIABETES AND SELF-REPORTED CANCER AMONG US ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM THE 2009 BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Li, C.; Balluz, L. S.; Ford, E. S.; Okoro, C. A.; Tsai, J.; Zhao, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S306 EP S306 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601485 ER PT J AU Okoro, CA Fan, AZ Zhong, Y Qi, X Li, C Balluz, LS AF Okoro, C. A. Fan, A. Z. Zhong, Y. Qi, X. Li, C. Balluz, L. S. 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TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SEVERITY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS AMONG OLDER ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Pearson, W. S.; Sugerman, D. E.; McGuire, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30346 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S202 EP S202 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601086 ER PT J AU Phillip, AW Pollack, LA Rowland, JH Mariotto, A Weir, HK Alfano, C AF Phillip, A. W. Pollack, L. A. Rowland, J. H. Mariotto, A. Weir, H. K. Alfano, C. 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SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Qayad, M. G.; Chowdhury, P. P.; Town, G. M.; Balluz, L. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S261 EP S261 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601314 ER PT J AU Robbins, CR Dietz, PM Bombard, J Valderrama, AL AF Robbins, C. R. Dietz, P. M. Bombard, J. Valderrama, A. L. TI CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE SCREENING AMONG WOMEN WITH HISTORIES OF GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Robbins, C. R.; Dietz, P. M.; Bombard, J.; Valderrama, A. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600262 ER PT J AU Saydah, S Imperatore, G Beckles, G AF Saydah, S. Imperatore, G. Beckles, G. TI SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION AND MORTALITY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF HEALTH CARE ACCESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG US ADULTS WITH DIAGNOSED DIABETES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Saydah, S.; Imperatore, G.; Beckles, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S307 EP S307 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601490 ER PT J AU Tinker, S Gibbs, C Devine, O Herring, AH Honein, M Crider, K Werler, M Anderka, M Reefhuis, J AF Tinker, S. Gibbs, C. Devine, O. Herring, A. H. Honein, M. Crider, K. Werler, M. Anderka, M. Reefhuis, J. TI SENSITIVITY ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF TIME TO MATERNAL INTERVIEW ON INTERVIEW QUALITY IN THE NATIONAL BIRTH DEFECTS PREVENTION STUDY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Tinker, S.; Gibbs, C.; Devine, O.; Herring, A. H.; Honein, M.; Crider, K.; Werler, M.; Anderka, M.; Reefhuis, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S292 EP S292 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601431 ER PT J AU van Gelder, M Donders, R Devine, O Cleves, M Roeleveld, N Reefhuis, J AF van Gelder, M. Donders, R. Devine, O. Cleves, M. Roeleveld, N. Reefhuis, J. TI ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF EXPOSURE MISCLASSIFICATION ON CANNABIS-BIRTH DEFECT ASSOCIATIONS: AN APPLICATION OF FREQUENTIST AND BAYESIAN METHODS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [van Gelder, M.; Donders, R.; Devine, O.; Cleves, M.; Roeleveld, N.; Reefhuis, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Donders, A.R.T./L-4277-2015; Roeleveld, Nel/B-4242-2008 OI Donders, A.R.T./0000-0002-0484-1419; Roeleveld, Nel/0000-0002-3390-4466 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S185 EP S185 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601017 ER PT J AU Vena, J Mendola, P AF Vena, J. Mendola, Pauline TI MENTORING IN EPIDEMIOLOGY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Vena, J.; Mendola, Pauline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S79 EP S79 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600307 ER PT J AU Wethington, H Sherry, B Park, S Blanck, H AF Wethington, H. Sherry, B. Park, S. Blanck, H. TI PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SCREEN TIME AMONG US YOUTH AGED 9-18 YEARS, 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Wethington, H.; Sherry, B.; Park, S.; Blanck, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S277 EP S277 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114601372 ER PT J AU Winston, CA Navin, TR Becerra, JE AF Winston, C. A. Navin, T. R. Becerra, J. E. TI COMPARING OBSERVED VERSUS EXPECTED TUBERCULOSIS CASES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd North American Congress of Epidemiology CY JUN 21-24, 2011 CL Montreal, CANADA C1 [Winston, C. A.; Navin, T. R.; Becerra, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Becerra, Jose/C-4071-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 173 SU 11 BP S72 EP S72 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 810GU UT WOS:000294114600282 ER PT J AU Pace, JE Shin, M Rasmussen, SA AF Pace, Jill E. Shin, Mikyong Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Understanding Physicians' Attitudes Toward People With Down Syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; physicians; attitudes; intellectual disabilities ID MORTALITY; DISABILITIES; DIAGNOSIS; SOCIETY AB Understanding attitudes of physicians toward people with Down syndrome is important because of the influence physicians have on the future of individuals with Down syndrome. However, few previous studies have assessed these attitudes. Using data from the 2008 DocStyles (R) survey, an annual online survey conducted in the United States, we assessed attitudes of physicians toward people with Down syndrome using a survey that included questions about opinions toward inclusive educational settings and workplaces, previous relationships with people with Down syndrome, and comfort in providing them with medical care. Approximately 20% of participants agreed that students with Down syndrome should go to special schools, and nearly a quarter agreed that including students with Down syndrome in regular classrooms is distracting. While 76.0% of respondents felt comfortable providing medical care to people with Down syndrome, 9.8% reported feeling uncomfortable, and 14.3% reported feeling neutral. Results showed that attitudes that supported inclusion and comfort with providing medical care were more commonly reported among non-Hispanic white physicians, those who had previous relationships with people with Down syndrome, pediatricians, and physicians working in a group or hospital setting. These data are helpful to guide the development of training materials and curricula for healthcare providers regarding Down syndrome. Published 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 [Pace, Jill E.; Shin, Mikyong; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shin, Mikyong] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD JUN PY 2011 VL 155A IS 6 BP 1258 EP 1263 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.34039 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 781OV UT WOS:000291944200007 PM 21574247 ER PT J AU Jamieson, DJ Rasmussen, SA Uyeki, TM Weinbaum, C AF Jamieson, Denise J. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Uyeki, Timothy M. Weinbaum, Cindy TI Pandemic influenza and pregnancy revisited: lessons learned from 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; VACCINATION; CALIFORNIA; INFECTION; ILLNESS; IMPACT C1 [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weinbaum, Cindy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 204 IS 6 SU 1 BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.04.010 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 772AF UT WOS:000291201100001 PM 21640228 ER PT J AU Mathieu, E Dorkenoo, A Otogbe, FKJ Budge, PJ Sodahlon, YK AF Mathieu, Els Dorkenoo, Ameyo Otogbe, Felix K. J. Budge, Philip J. Sodahlon, Yao K. TI A Laboratory-Based Surveillance System for Wuchereria bancrofti in Togo: A Practical Model for Resource-Poor Settings SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS AB One goal of the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GAELF) is interruption of disease transmission through annual mass drug administration (MDA) in areas where LF prevalence is greater than 1%. After MDAs are completed, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a period of passive surveillance before final certification of LF elimination is achieved. Guidelines for such a surveillance system have yet to be developed. This paper describes a surveillance system launched in Togo in 2006. The system uses existing laboratories with technicians on call at night who, among other activities, prepare nocturnal thick blood smears for malaria diagnosis that can also be used for LF diagnosis. During its first 2 years (2006-2007), the system provided geographically disperse sampling nationwide, and 1 of 750 people residing in Togo was tested. Over the same period, the system detected two cases of LF, both from areas previously considered non-endemic. This system could be a cost-effective, sustainable model for WHO-mandated passive surveillance after cessation of MDA. C1 [Mathieu, Els; Budge, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dorkenoo, Ameyo; Otogbe, Felix K. J.] Minist Sante, Lome, Togo. [Budge, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sodahlon, Yao K.] Mectizan Donat Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mathieu, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov; monicadork@yahoo.fr; otogbekof@yahoo.fr; pbudge@cdc.gov; ysodahlon@taskforce.org FU GlaxoSmithKline; Liverpool Lymphatic Filariasis Support Center; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We would like to thank all the lab technicians who participated in this pilot surveillance system. We would like to thank GlaxoSmithKline, Liverpool Lymphatic Filariasis Support Center, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for financing the study. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 84 IS 6 BP 988 EP 993 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0610 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 773TI UT WOS:000291333200024 PM 21633038 ER PT J AU Furner, SE Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Bolen, J Zack, MM AF Furner, Sylvia E. Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Bolen, Julie Zack, Matthew M. TI Health-Related Quality of Life of US Adults With Arthritis: Analysis of Data From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2003, 2005, and 2007 SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CASE-DEFINITION; INTERVENTIONS; RELIABILITY; PROGRAM; DISEASE AB Objective. To describe the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of persons with and without arthritis in the 50 US states and the District of Columbia, and to determine correlates of poor HRQOL in persons with arthritis. Methods. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used. Descriptive analyses were age standardized and multivariate analyses used logistic regression. Results. Of persons ages >= 18 years with arthritis, 27% reported fair/poor health, compared to 12% without arthritis. The mean numbers of physically unhealthy, mentally unhealthy, and activity-limited days for persons with arthritis exceeded those for persons without arthritis. In regression analyses, black non-Hispanics reported better HRQOL than white non-Hispanics, especially in the >= 14 versus 0 days comparisons. Yet no difference existed in self-reported health status between these two groups. Having a low family income and being unable to work were both strongly associated with poor HRQOL. Being physically active was associated with better HRQOL. Binge drinking was associated with poor HRQOL for some measures, but was associated with better self-reported health. Cost being a barrier to care and having diabetes mellitus were strongly associated with worse HRQOL. Conclusion. Adults from the US with arthritis had worse HRQOL than those without. Physical health and mental health were both affected by arthritis; therefore, efforts to alleviate the arthritis burden should address both domains. Given the current and projected high prevalence of arthritis, we face a significant burden of poor HRQOL. Increasing physical activity, reducing comorbidities, and increasing access to health care could improve the HRQOL of persons with arthritis. C1 [Furner, Sylvia E.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Furner, Sylvia E.; Hootman, Jennifer M.; Helmick, Charles G.; Bolen, Julie; Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Furner, SE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1603 W Taylor,Room 951, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM sefurner@uic.edu NR 37 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 63 IS 6 BP 788 EP 799 DI 10.1002/acr.20430 PG 12 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 781EH UT WOS:000291912900003 PM 21538946 ER PT J AU MacDorman, M Declercq, E Menacker, F AF MacDorman, Marian Declercq, Eugene Menacker, Fay TI Recent Trends and Patterns in Cesarean and Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC) Deliveries in the United States SO CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cesarean delivery; Primary cesarean; Vaginal birth after cesarean; VBAC; United States; International comparisons ID SECTION; LABOR; OUTCOMES; RATES; MULTICENTER; TRIAL; WOMEN; RISK AB Cesarean delivery is the most common major surgical procedure for women in the United States, with 1.4 million surgeries annually. In 2008, nearly one-third (32.3%) of US births were by cesarean delivery. Cesarean delivery rates have increased rapidly in the United States in recent years because of an increasing primary cesarean delivery rate and a declining vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rate. In 2007, the VBAC rate was 8.3% in a 22-state reporting area. The US VBAC rate was lowest among 14 industrialized countries; 3 countries had VBAC rates greater than 50%. C1 [MacDorman, Marian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Reprod Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Declercq, Eugene] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Menacker, Fay] Social & Sci Syst Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP MacDorman, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Reprod Stat Branch, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mfm1@cdc.gov OI Declercq, Eugene/0000-0001-5411-3033 NR 29 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0095-5108 J9 CLIN PERINATOL JI Clin. Perinatol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 38 IS 2 BP 179 EP + DI 10.1016/j.clp.2011.03.007 PG 15 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 784PR UT WOS:000292169700003 PM 21645788 ER PT J AU Lerner, EB Cone, DC Weinstein, ES Schwartz, RB Coule, PL Cronin, M Wedmore, IS Bulger, EM Mulligan, DA Swienton, RE Sasser, SM Shah, UA Weireter, LJ Sanddal, TL Lairet, J Markenson, D Romig, L Lord, G Salomone, J O'Connor, R Hunt, RC AF Lerner, E. Brooke Cone, David C. Weinstein, Eric S. Schwartz, Richard B. Coule, Phillip L. Cronin, Michael Wedmore, Ian S. Bulger, Eileen M. Mulligan, Deborah Ann Swienton, Raymond E. Sasser, Scott M. Shah, Umair A. Weireter, Leonard J., Jr. Sanddal, Teri L. Lairet, Julio Markenson, David Romig, Lou Lord, Gregg Salomone, Jeffrey O'Connor, Robert Hunt, Richard C. TI Mass Casualty Triage: An Evaluation of the Science and Refinement of a National Guideline SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE Model Uniform Core Criteria for Mass Casualty Triage; triage; guidelines; responders; SALT Triage ID SUBWAY SARIN ATTACK; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; MAJOR LIMB TRAUMA; PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; LIFESAVING INTERVENTIONS; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCY-MEDICINE; PREHOSPITAL INDEX; TOURNIQUET USE; FIELD TRIAGE AB Mass casualty triage is the process of prioritizing multiple victims when resources are not sufficient to treat everyone immediately. No national guideline for mass casualty triage exists in the United States. The lack of a national guideline has resulted in variability in triage processes, tags, and nomenclature. This variability has the potential to inject confusion and miscommunication into the disaster incident, particularly when multiple jurisdictions are involved. The Model Uniform Core Criteria for Mass Casualty Triage were developed to be a national guideline for mass casualty triage to ensure interoperability and standardization when responding to a mass casualty incident. The Core Criteria consist of 4 categories: general considerations, global sorting, lifesaving interventions, and individual assessment of triage category. The criteria within each of these categories were developed by a workgroup of experts representing national stakeholder organizations who used the best available science and, when necessary, consensus opinion. This article describes how the Model Uniform Core Criteria for Mass Casualty Triage were developed. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011; 5: 129-137) C1 [Lerner, E. Brooke] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Emergency Med, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Cone, David C.] Yale Univ, Dept Emergency Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Weinstein, Eric S.] Amer Coll Emergency Phys & Carolinas Hosp Syst, Florence, SC USA. [Schwartz, Richard B.; Coule, Phillip L.] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Cronin, Michael] Amer Trauma Soc, Upper Marlboro, MD USA. [Wedmore, Ian S.] US Army Surgeon Gen, Tacoma, WA USA. [Bulger, Eileen M.] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mulligan, Deborah Ann] Nova SE Univ, Ctr Bioterrorism & All Hazards Preparedness, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Swienton, Raymond E.] Univ Texas SW, Dept Surg & Emergency Med, Dallas, TX USA. [Sasser, Scott M.; Hunt, Richard C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Umair A.] Harris Cty Publ Hlth & Environm Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Weireter, Leonard J., Jr.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Dept Surg, Norfolk, VA USA. [Sanddal, Teri L.] Crit Illness & Trauma Fdn Inc, Bozeman, MT USA. [Lairet, Julio] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Markenson, David] New York Med Coll, Ctr Disaster Med, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Romig, Lou] Miami Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Emergency Med, Miami, FL USA. [Lord, Gregg] Natl Commiss Children & Disasters, Washington, DC USA. [Salomone, Jeffrey] Emory Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [O'Connor, Robert] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Emergency Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Lerner, EB (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Emergency Med, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM eblerner@mcw.edu OI Cone, David/0000-0002-7437-959X FU Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [02195, U17CE001232]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R49/CE001175] FX The study was supported by the Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Program 02195, "Terrorism Injuries: Information Dissemination and Exchange," Award No. U17CE001232. Dr Lerner was also partially supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant R49/CE001175. NR 60 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 778SL UT WOS:000291725800009 PM 21685309 ER PT J AU Keim, ME AF Keim, Mark E. TI Preventing Disasters: Public Health Vulnerability Reduction as a Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE climate change; disaster management; risk reduction; adaptation; sustainable development; human vulnerability ID NATURAL DISASTERS; RISK; PREPAREDNESS; MANAGEMENT AB Global warming could increase the number and severity of extreme weather events. These events are often known to result in public health disasters, but we can lessen the effects of these disasters. By addressing the factors that cause changes in climate, we can mitigate the effects of climate change. By addressing the factors that make society vulnerable to the effects of climate, we can adapt to climate change. To adapt to climate change, a comprehensive approach to disaster risk reduction has been proposed. By reducing human vulnerability to disasters, we can lessen-and at times even prevent-their impact. Human vulnerability is a complex phenomenon that comprises social, economic, health, and cultural factors. Because public health is uniquely placed at the community level, it has the opportunity to lessen human vulnerability to climate-related disasters. At the national and international level, a supportive policy environment can enable local adaptation to disaster events. The purpose of this article is to introduce the basic concept of disaster risk reduction so that it can be applied to preventing and mitigating the negative effects of climate change and to examine the role of community-focused public health as a means for lessening human vulnerability and, as a result, the overall risk of climate-related disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011; 5: 140-148) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Keim, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F09, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjk9@cdc.gov RI Ahluwalia, Tarun/A-2762-2012; Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX This work was supported by funds made available by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. The material in this article reflects solely the views of the author and not necessarily the policies or recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 140 EP 148 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 778SL UT WOS:000291725800010 PM 21402799 ER PT J AU Safran, MA Chorba, T Schreiber, M Archer, WR Cookson, ST AF Safran, Marc A. Chorba, Terence Schreiber, Merritt Archer, W. Roodly Cookson, Susan T. TI Evaluating Mental Health After the 2010 Haitian Earthquake SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE disaster; public health; mental health ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PART AB Mental health is an important aspect of public health after a disaster. This article describes what is known and what remains to be learned regarding the mental health impact of the January 12, 2010, earthquake in Haiti. Public health surveillance efforts in Haiti and the United States in the first 2 months after the earthquake are described. Challenges in clinical assessment and public health surveillance are explored. Potential implications for survivors and public health officials are considered. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011; 5: 154-157) C1 [Safran, Marc A.] CDC, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chorba, Terence] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schreiber, Merritt] Amer Red Cross, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Safran, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop E-44,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MSafran@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 154 EP 157 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 778SL UT WOS:000291725800012 PM 21444734 ER PT J AU Jeon, HJ Peterson, CA Wall, S Carta, JJ Luze, G Eshbaugh, EM Swanson, M AF Jeon, Hyun-Joo Peterson, Carla A. Wall, Shavaun Carta, Judith J. Luze, Gayle Eshbaugh, Elaine M. Swanson, Mark TI Predicting School Readiness for Low-Income Children With Disability Risks Identified Early SO EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN LA English DT Article ID EARLY HEAD-START; EARLY INTERVENTION; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS; CHILDHOOD POVERTY; OUTCOMES; SKILLS; CARE; COMMUNICATION AB This study examined school readiness at kindergarten entry for low-income children whose disability indicators were identified before age 3. Data were collected as part of the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Longitudinal Follow-Up study. Children who had suspected developmental delays and did not receive Part C services had lower preacademic skill scores at kindergarten entry than those who had no disability indicators. In contrast, the preacademic skills at age 5 of children who received Part C services did not differ from those who had no disability indicators. A large proportion of children who had suspected developmental delays and did not receive Part C services by age 3 received Part B services later. Results highlight the importance of early intervention for low-income children who have suspected developmental delays to enhance their school readiness skills. C1 [Jeon, Hyun-Joo] Univ Alabama, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Peterson, Carla A.; Luze, Gayle] Iowa State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Ames, IA USA. [Wall, Shavaun] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Educ, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Carta, Judith J.] Univ Kansas, Juniper Gardens Childrens Project, Kansas City, KS USA. [Eshbaugh, Elaine M.] Univ No Iowa, Dept Psychol, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. [Swanson, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jeon, HJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Box 870160, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM jeon@ches.ua.edu NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU COUNCIL EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN PI ARLINGTON PA 1110 N GLEBE RD, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-5704 USA SN 0014-4029 J9 EXCEPT CHILDREN JI Except. Child. PD SUM PY 2011 VL 77 IS 4 BP 435 EP 452 PG 18 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 783IS UT WOS:000292075300005 ER PT J AU Ibrahimova, A Shults, RA Beck, LF AF Ibrahimova, Aybaniz Shults, Ruth A. Beck, Laurie F. TI Comparison of 2008 national and state-level self-reported and observed seatbelt use estimates SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID VALIDITY AB The objective of the study was to compare national and state-level estimates of self-reported and observed seatbelt use for 2008. Self-reported seatbelt use from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was compared with 2008 observed seatbelt use published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The ratio of self-reported belt use to observed use was calculated for each state, and the correlation between the two seatbelt measures was examined using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The median state ratio of self-reported to observed belt use was 0.97. Self-reported use was lower than observed use in 38 states. A moderate association was revealed between the self-reported and observed use (r=0.71, p<0.01). The findings suggest that, as seatbelt use has increased over time, measures of self-reported and observed use have converged, and any upward bias in self-reported use due to social desirability has substantially declined. C1 [Ibrahimova, Aybaniz; Shults, Ruth A.; Beck, Laurie F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ibrahimova, Aybaniz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ibrahimova, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gqt1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1136/ip.2010.028597 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 770NW UT WOS:000291094700014 PM 21393414 ER PT J AU Signs, K Stobierski, MG Rupprecht, CE Robertson, K AF Signs, K. Stobierski, M. G. Rupprecht, C. E. Robertson, K. TI Human Rabies-Michigan, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 437-440, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Robertson, K.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Signs, K.; Stobierski, M. G.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Howell, MI USA. RP Robertson, K (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM krobertson@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 21 BP 2163 EP 2165 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 770RN UT WOS:000291106300008 ER PT J AU Holman, DM Soman, A Watson, M Weir, HK Trivers, KF White, MC AF Holman, Dawn M. Soman, Ashwini Watson, Meg Weir, Hannah K. Trivers, Katrina F. White, Mary C. TI Examination of the Increase in Thyroid Cancer Incidence Among Younger Women in the United States by Age, Race, Geography, and Tumor Size, 1999-2007 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Purpose: Thyroid cancer incidence has been increasing for several decades, but the reasons are not fully understood. Previous surveillance reports have covered less than 26% of the U.S. population. More recent, nationwide data are needed. This study examines thyroid cancer incidence among younger women by age, race/ethnicity, geography, and tumor size. Patients and Methods: Our study uses nationwide surveillance data to describe incidence rates and recent trends in thyroid cancer among adults aged 20-39 years in the United States during 1999-2007, with a focus on females. Results: Incidence rates were more than five times higher among females (16.4 per 100,000; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.2-16.6) than among males (3.1 per 100,000; 95% CI: 3.1-3.2). Among females, rates were higher among non-Hispanic whites than among other racial/ethnic groups and higher in the Northeast compared with other regions (p < 0.05). During 1999-2007, incidence rates increased 5.3% each year among females (95% CI: 4.7-5.9). This increase was observed across five-year age groups, racial/ethnic groups (except American Indians/Alaska Natives), geographic regions, and tumor sizes. Conclusion: The increase in rates across all tumor sizes suggests that the observed increases cannot be attributed solely to changes in diagnostics or surveillance. In addition, the continued increase in incidence rates in recent years among persons born after 1960 suggests that other, more contemporary factors than those previously proposed may play a contributing role. C1 [Holman, Dawn M.; Watson, Meg; Weir, Hannah K.; Trivers, Katrina F.; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Soman, Ashwini] Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holman, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy MS K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM isc6@cdc.gov RI White, Mary C./C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary C./0000-0002-9826-3962 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported in part by an appointment (Dawn M. Holman) to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2156-5333 EI 2156-535X J9 J ADOLESC YOUNG ADUL JI J. Adolesc. Young Adult Oncol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 1 IS 2 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1089/jayao.2011.0014 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V39IF UT WOS:000209404000005 PM 26812631 ER PT J AU Brown, HE Doyle, MS Cox, J Eisen, RJ Nasci, RS AF Brown, Heidi E. Doyle, Michael S. Cox, Jonathan Eisen, Rebecca J. Nasci, Roger S. TI THE EFFECT OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL SUBSETTING ON CULEX TARSALIS ABUNDANCE MODELS-A DESIGN FOR SENSIBLE REDUCTION OF VECTOR SURVEILLANCE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Culex tarsalis; autoregressive; time series; mosquito; surveillance; West Nile Virus ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; MOSQUITO ABUNDANCE; COACHELLA VALLEY; TRANSMISSION; CALIFORNIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; CONNECTICUT; SELECTION AB Early identification of increasing mosquito activity is critical to effective mosquito control, particularly when increasing host-seeking behavior may be associated with increased risk of mosquito-borne disease. In this paper, we analyzed the temporal abundance pattern of the West Nile Virus vector, Culex tarsalis, in Fort Collins, CO, using an autoregressive integrated moving average model. We determined that an autoregressive model order 5 with lagged minimum temperatures was best at describing the seasonal abundance of Cx. tarsalis. We then tested the effect of using both temporal and spatial subsets of the data to determine the effect of reduced sampling effort on abundance predictions. We found that, if reduced trapping is necessary due to limited resources, removal of the least productive 1/3 or 1/4 of the traps produced the least erroneous predictions of seasonality represented in the observed data. We show that this productivity-based subset scheme performs better than other sampling effort reductions in generating the best estimate of Cx. tarsalis abundance per trap-night. C1 [Brown, Heidi E.; Doyle, Michael S.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Cox, Jonathan] SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA. RP Brown, HE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, 1103 E 2nd St,Harvill Room 405, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. OI Brown, Heidi/0000-0001-8578-5510 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.2987/10-6077.1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 973FH UT WOS:000306343700005 PM 21805843 ER PT J AU Comer, JA Calisher, CH AF Comer, James A. Calisher, Charles H. TI WILLIAM DANIEL SUDIA 1922-2010 OBITUARY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Comer, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Calisher, Charles H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Comer, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 177 EP 179 DI 10.2987/8756-971X-27.2.177 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 973FH UT WOS:000306343700019 ER PT J AU Shah, NS Shiraishi, RW Subhachaturas, W Anand, A Whitehead, SJ Tanpradech, S Manopaiboon, C Sabin, KM Fox, KK Kim, AY AF Shah, Neha S. Shiraishi, Ray W. Subhachaturas, Wonchart Anand, Abhijeet Whitehead, Sara J. Tanpradech, Suvimon Manopaiboon, Chomnad Sabin, Keith M. Fox, Kimberley K. Kim, Andrea Y. TI Bridging Populations-Sexual Risk Behaviors and HIV Prevalence in Clients and Partners of Female Sex Workers, Bangkok, Thailand 2007 SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Female sex workers; Thailand; Bridge population; Male clients; HIV ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HIDDEN POPULATIONS; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; CONDOM USE; MEN; PROSTITUTES; PROGRAM; SEROPREVALENCE; PREVENTION; INFECTION AB The aim of this study is to estimate HIV prevalence and assess sexual behaviors in a high-risk and difficult-to-reach population of clients of female sex workers (FSWs). A modified variation of respondent-driven sampling was conducted among FSWs in Bangkok, where FSWs recruited 3 FSW peers, 1 client, and 1 nonpaying partner. After informed consent was obtained, participants completed a questionnaire, were HIV-tested, and were asked to return for results. Analyses were weighted to control for the design of the survey. Among 540 FSWs, 188 (35%) recruited 1 client, and 88 (16%) recruited 1 nonpaying partner. Clients' median age was 38 years. HIV prevalence was 20% and was associated with younger age at first sexual experience [relative risk (RR) = 3.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-8.24] and condom use during last sexual encounter with regular partner (RR = 3.97, 95% CI 1.09-14.61). Median age of nonpaying partners was 34 years, and HIV prevalence was 15.1%. There were 56 discordant FSW-client pairs and 14 discordant FSW-nonpaying partner pairs. Condom use was relatively high among discordant FSW-client pairs (90.1%) compared to discordant FSW-nonpaying partner pairs (18.7%). Results suggest that sexual partners of FSWs have a high HIV prevalence and can be a bridge for HIV transmission to other populations. Findings also highlight the importance of initiating surveillance and targeted programs for FSW partners, and demonstrate a recruitment method for hard-to-reach populations. C1 [Shah, Neha S.; Shiraishi, Ray W.; Anand, Abhijeet; Whitehead, Sara J.; Sabin, Keith M.; Fox, Kimberley K.; Kim, Andrea Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Subhachaturas, Wonchart] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. [Whitehead, Sara J.; Tanpradech, Suvimon; Fox, Kimberley K.] Thailand MOPH US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collab, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Shah, NS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM Nshah6@cdc.gov OI Sabin, Keith/0000-0002-2290-8621 FU Epidemic Intelligence Service Program in Atlanta, United States; Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Atlanta, USA; Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand; Thailand Ministry of Public Health-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Bangkok FX The authors thank all those who participated in the study, the local organizations that assisted with the study enrollment and data collection, and the Thailand Ministry of Health. The authors are also thankful to Douglas Heckathorn and Matt Salganik who provided guidance for data analysis, Lisa Johnston who conducted the RDS training, and Dana Dolan who helped with editing the manuscript. Support for this analysis was provided by the Epidemic Intelligence Service Program in Atlanta, United States, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Atlanta, USA, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand, and the Thailand Ministry of Public Health-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Bangkok. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 533 EP 544 DI 10.1007/s11524-010-9542-5 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 786AN UT WOS:000292274600012 PM 21336505 ER PT J AU Dong, XQ Simon, MA Fulmer, T de Leon, CFM Hebert, LE Beck, T Scherr, PA Evans, DA AF Dong, XinQi Simon, Melissa A. Fulmer, Terry de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes Hebert, Liesi E. Beck, Todd Scherr, Paul A. Evans, Denis A. TI A Prospective Population-Based Study of Differences in Elder Self-Neglect and Mortality Between Black and White Older Adults SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Self-neglect; Health disparity; Population-based study; Race/ethnicity; Mortality ID COMMUNITY-DWELLING POPULATION; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; HEALTH; RISK; CARE; DISABILITY; INEQUALITY; AMERICANS; DECLINE AB Background. Self-neglect is the behavior of an elderly person that threatens his or her own health and safety, and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although report of self-neglect is more common among black older adults, the racial/ethnic differences in mortality remain unclear. Methods. The Chicago Healthy Aging Project is a population-based cohort study conducted from 1993 to 2005. A subset of these participants were suspected to self-neglect and were reported to a social services agency. Mortality was ascertained during follow-up and from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the mortality risk. Results. In the total cohort, there were 5,963 black and 3,475 white older adults, and of these, 1,479 were reported for self-neglect (21.7% in black and 5.3% in white older adults). In multivariable analyses with extensive adjustments, the interaction term indicated that impact of self-neglect on mortality was significantly stronger in black than in white older adults (parameter estimate, 0.54, SE, 0.14, p <.001). This difference persisted over time. In race/ethnicity-stratified analyses, at 6 months after report of self-neglect, the hazard ratio for black older adults was 5.00 (95% confidence interval, 4.47-5.59) and for white older adults was 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 2.19-3.44). At 3 years after report, the hazard ratios were 2.61 (95% confidence interval, 2.25-3.04) and 1.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.96) for black older adults and white older adults, respectively. Conclusions. Future studies are needed to qualify the casual mechanisms between self-neglect and mortality in black and white older adults in order to devise targeted prevention and intervention strategies. C1 [Dong, XinQi; de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes; Hebert, Liesi E.; Beck, Todd; Evans, Denis A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Simon, Melissa A.] Northwestern Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet Gynecol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Fulmer, Terry] NYU, Coll Nursing, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Scherr, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simon, Melissa A.] Northwestern Univ, Med Ctr, Buehler Ctr Agin, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Dong, XQ (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, 1645 W Jackson,Suite 675, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM xinqi_dong@rush.edu FU National Institute on Aging [R01 AG11101]; American Federation for Aging Research [K23 AG030944]; Starr Foundation; John A. Hartford Foundation; Atlantic Philanthropies FX This work was supported by National Institute on Aging (R01 AG11101), Paul B. Beeson Career Development Award in Aging (K23 AG030944), American Federation for Aging Research, The Starr Foundation, John A. Hartford Foundation, and The Atlantic Philanthropies. NR 52 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 6 BP 695 EP 704 DI 10.1093/gerona/glr053 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 780XA UT WOS:000291892900013 PM 21498840 ER PT J AU Holman, DM White, MC AF Holman, Dawn M. White, Mary C. TI Dietary behaviors related to cancer prevention among pre-adolescents and adolescents: the gap between recommendations and reality SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BREAST-CANCER; NUTRITION; CHILDREN; RISK; ADULTHOOD; OBESITY; FRUIT; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDHOOD AB Background: Diet is thought to play an important role in cancer risk. This paper summarizes dietary recommendations for cancer prevention and compares these recommendations to the dietary behaviors of U. S. youth ages 8-18. Methods: We identified cancer prevention-related dietary recommendations from key health organizations and assessed dietary consumption patterns among youth using published statistics from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, and other supplemental sources. Results: Cancer prevention guidelines recommend a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, recommend limiting sugary foods and beverages, red and processed meats, sodium, and alcohol, and recommend avoiding foods contaminated with carcinogens. However, youth typically do not meet the daily recommendations for fruit, vegetable, or whole grain consumption and are over-consuming energy-dense, sugary and salty foods. Conclusions: A large discrepancy exists between expert recommendations about diet and cancer and actual dietary practices among young people and points to the need for more research to better promote the translation of science into practice. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating policies and interventions at the community, state and national levels for aligning the diets of youth with the evolving scientific evidence regarding cancer prevention. C1 [Holman, Dawn M.; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Holman, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM isc6@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 FU Centers for Disease Control FX This research was supported in part by an appointment (DMH) to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and CDC. We would like to thank Lori A. (Loria) Pollack, MD, MPH in the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC, for her helpful comments and contributions to earlier drafts of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 66 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 60 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-10-60 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 785BP UT WOS:000292202700001 PM 21631948 ER PT J AU Atun, R Branson, B Burns, D Calleja, JMG Busch, M Constestable, P Dallabetta, G Domingo, G Goosby, AE Garrett, P Ghys, P Gilbreath, M Hallett, T Hirnschall, G Holmes, C Kaldor, J Kim, A Laeyendecker, O Mermin, J McWalter, T Mink, R Murphy, G Murtagh, M Owen, SM Padian, N Parekh, B Piot, P Quinn, T Ridzon, R Rodriguez, B Rousseau, C Schito, M Sexton, C Sharma, U Welte, A Wong, A AF Atun, Rifat Branson, Bernard Burns, David Garcia Calleja, Jesus Maria Busch, Mike Constestable, Paul Dallabetta, Gina Domingo, Gonzalo Goosby, Amb Eric Garrett, Patricia Ghys, Peter Gilbreath, Michael Hallett, Tim Hirnschall, Gottfried Holmes, Charles Kaldor, John Kim, Andrea Laeyendecker, Oliver Mermin, Jonathan McWalter, Tom Mink, Ronald Murphy, Gary Murtagh, Maurine Owen, Sherry M. (Michele) Padian, Nancy Parekh, Bharat Piot, Peter Quinn, Tom Ridzon, Renee Rodriguez, Bill Rousseau, Christine Schito, Marco Sexton, Connie Sharma, Usha Welte, Alex Wong, Amy CA Incidence Assay Critical Path Work TI More and Better Information to Tackle HIV Epidemics: Towards Improved HIV Incidence Assays SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; RECENT INFECTION; AVIDITY; AFRICA; ACCURACY; UGANDA; TESTS; GP41 C1 [Hallett, Tim; Piot, Peter] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Branson, Bernard; Kim, Andrea; Mermin, Jonathan; Owen, Sherry M. (Michele); Parekh, Bharat; Sexton, Connie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burns, David; Gilbreath, Michael; Schito, Marco; Sharma, Usha] Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. [Garcia Calleja, Jesus Maria; Hirnschall, Gottfried] WHO, New York, NY USA. [Kaldor, John] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Laeyendecker, Oliver; Quinn, Tom] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [McWalter, Tom] Univ Witwatersrand, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. RP Hallett, T (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM timothy.hallett@imperial.ac.uk RI Laeyendecker, Oliver/B-9331-2009; Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; Kaldor, John /D-4545-2011 NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR e1001045 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001045 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 784EC UT WOS:000292136800009 ER PT J AU Luby, SP Halder, AK Huda, T Unicomb, L Johnston, RB AF Luby, Stephen P. Halder, Amal K. Huda, Tarique Unicomb, Leanne Johnston, Richard B. TI The Effect of Handwashing at Recommended Times with Water Alone and With Soap on Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh: An Observational Study SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HYGIENE BEHAVIOR; FRESH PRODUCE; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; OUTBREAKS; HANDS; SALMONELLOSIS; CONTAMINATION; TEMPERATURE; REACTIVITY AB Background: Standard public health interventions to improve hand hygiene in communities with high levels of child mortality encourage community residents to wash their hands with soap at five separate key times, a recommendation that would require mothers living in impoverished households to typically wash hands with soap more than ten times per day. We analyzed data from households that received no intervention in a large prospective project evaluation to assess the relationship between observed handwashing behavior and subsequent diarrhea. Methods and Findings: Fieldworkers conducted a 5-hour structured observation and a cross-sectional survey in 347 households from 50 villages across rural Bangladesh in 2007. For the subsequent 2 years, a trained community resident visited each of the enrolled households every month and collected information on the occurrence of diarrhea in the preceding 48 hours among household residents under the age of 5 years. Compared with children living in households where persons prepared food without washing their hands, children living in households where the food preparer washed at least one hand with water only (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57-1.05), washed both hands with water only (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.51-0.89), or washed at least one hand with soap (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.19-0.47) had less diarrhea. In households where residents washed at least one hand with soap after defecation, children had less diarrhea (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.26-0.77). There was no significant association between handwashing with or without soap before feeding a child, before eating, or after cleaning a child's anus who defecated and subsequent child diarrhea. Conclusions: These observations suggest that handwashing before preparing food is a particularly important opportunity to prevent childhood diarrhea, and that handwashing with water alone can significantly reduce childhood diarrhea. C1 [Luby, Stephen P.; Halder, Amal K.; Huda, Tarique; Unicomb, Leanne] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnston, Richard B.] UNICEF Bangladesh, Water & Environm Sanitat Sect, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Luby, SP (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM sluby@icddrb.org FU United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID); UNICEF Bangladesh; Procter; Gamble Company, a global manufacturer of soap FX This program evaluation was funded by the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) and UNICEF Bangladesh. UNICEF Bangladesh collaborated in the study design and reviewed and provided input on the manuscript. The first author developed the idea for the manuscript, conducted the analysis, drafted the manuscript and made the decision to publish.; SPL received a total of $3.2 million in research funding for 13 research projects on handwashing and household water treatment between 1996 and 2007 from the Procter and Gamble Company, a global manufacturer of soap. NR 44 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR e1001052 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001052 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 784EC UT WOS:000292136800015 PM 21738452 ER PT J AU Blocher, J Schmutzhard, E Wilkins, PP Gupton, PN Schaffert, M Auer, H Gotwald, T Matuja, W Winkler, AS AF Blocher, Joachim Schmutzhard, Erich Wilkins, Patricia P. Gupton, Paige N. Schaffert, Matthias Auer, Herbert Gotwald, Thaddaeus Matuja, William Winkler, Andrea S. TI A Cross-Sectional Study of People with Epilepsy and Neurocysticercosis in Tanzania: Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Approaches SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOELECTROTRANSFER BLOT; TAENIA-SOLIUM CYSTICERCOSIS; DOOR-TO-DOOR; LATE-ONSET EPILEPSY; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ACTIVE EPILEPSY; RURAL TANZANIA; PREVALENCE; AFRICA; SEIZURES AB Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a major cause of epilepsy in regions where pigs are free-ranging and hygiene is poor. Pork production is expected to increase in the next decade in sub-Saharan Africa, hence NCC will likely become more prevalent. In this study, people with epilepsy (PWE, n = 212) were followed up 28.6 months after diagnosis of epilepsy. CT scans were performed, and serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of selected PWE were analysed. We compared the demographic data, clinical characteristics, and associated risk factors of PWE with and without NCC. PWE with NCC (n = 35) were more likely to be older at first seizure (24.3 vs. 16.3 years, p = 0.097), consumed more pork (97.1% vs. 73.6%, p = 0.001), and were more often a member of the Iraqw tribe (94.3% vs. 67.8%, p = 0.005) than PWE without NCC (n = 177). PWE and NCC who were compliant with anti-epileptic medications had a significantly higher reduction of seizures (98.6% vs. 89.2%, p = 0.046). Other characteristics such as gender, seizure frequency, compliance, past medical history, close contact with pigs, use of latrines and family history of seizures did not differ significantly between the two groups. The number of NCC lesions and active NCC lesions were significantly associated with a positive antibody result. The electroimmunotransfer blot, developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was more sensitive than a commercial western blot, especially in PWE and cerebral calcifications. This is the first study to systematically compare the clinical characteristics of PWE due to NCC or other causes and to explore the utility of two different antibody tests for diagnosis of NCC in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Blocher, Joachim; Schmutzhard, Erich; Schaffert, Matthias] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria. [Blocher, Joachim; Schaffert, Matthias; Winkler, Andrea S.] Haydom Lutheran Hosp, Mbulu, Manyara Region, Tanzania. [Blocher, Joachim] Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Dept Neurol, Gottingen, Germany. [Wilkins, Patricia P.; Gupton, Paige N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Auer, Herbert] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Med Parasitol, Inst Specif Prophylaxis & Trop Med, Vienna, Austria. [Gotwald, Thaddaeus] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Radiol, Innsbruck, Austria. [Matuja, William] Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Neurol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Winkler, Andrea S.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Neurol, Munich, Germany. RP Blocher, J (reprint author), Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria. EM joachim.blocher@med.uni-goettingen.de FU Savoy Epilepsy Foundation, Quebec, Canada; Centre for International Migration, Frankfurt, Germany FX The study was supported by the Savoy Epilepsy Foundation, Quebec, Canada and ASW was supported by the Centre for International Migration, Frankfurt, Germany. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 AR e1185 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001185 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 784EZ UT WOS:000292139600025 PM 21666796 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Reed, Z Rollin, PE AF MacNeil, Adam Reed, Zachary Rollin, Pierre E. TI Serologic Cross-Reactivity of Human IgM and IgG Antibodies to Five Species of Ebola Virus SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MARBURG VIRUSES; HUMAN INFECTION; OUTBREAK; FILOVIRUS; GABON; CONGO; PHILIPPINES; PREVALENCE; POPULATIONS AB Five species of Ebola virus (EBOV) have been identified, with nucleotide differences of 30-45% between species. Four of these species have been shown to cause Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in humans and a fifth species (Reston ebolavirus) is capable of causing a similar disease in non-human primates. While examining potential serologic cross-reactivity between EBOV species is important for diagnostic assays as well as putative vaccines, the nature of cross-reactive antibodies following EBOV infection has not been thoroughly characterized. In order to examine cross-reactivity of human serologic responses to EBOV, we developed antigen preparations for all five EBOV species, and compared serologic responses by IgM capture and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in groups of convalescent diagnostic sera from outbreaks in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo (n = 24), Gulu, Uganda (n = 20), Bundibugyo, Uganda (n = 33), and the Philippines (n = 18), which represent outbreaks due to four different EBOV species. For groups of samples from Kikwit, Gulu, and Bundibugyo, some limited IgM cross-reactivity was noted between heterologous sera-antigen pairs, however, IgM responses were largely stronger against autologous antigen. In some instances IgG responses were higher to autologous antigen than heterologous antigen, however, in contrast to IgM responses, we observed strong cross-reactive IgG antibody responses to heterologous antigens among all sets of samples. Finally, we examined autologous IgM and IgG antibody levels, relative to time following EHF onset, and observed early peaking and declining IgM antibody levels (by 80 days) and early development and persistence of IgG antibodies among all samples, implying a consistent pattern of antibody kinetics, regardless of EBOV species. Our findings demonstrate limited cross-reactivity of IgM antibodies to EBOV, however, the stronger tendency for cross-reactive IgG antibody responses can largely circumvent limitations in the utility of heterologous antigen for diagnostic assays and may assist in the development of antibody-mediated vaccines to EBOV. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Reed, Zachary; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All funding for this research was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 AR e1175 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001175 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 784EZ UT WOS:000292139600019 PM 21666792 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Lumlertdacha, B Franka, R Petersen, B Bhengsri, S Henchaichon, S Peruski, LF Baggett, HC Maloney, SA Rupprecht, CE AF Robertson, Kis Lumlertdacha, Boonlert Franka, Richard Petersen, Brett Bhengsri, Saithip Henchaichon, Sununta Peruski, Leonard F. Baggett, Henry C. Maloney, Susan A. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies-Related Knowledge and Practices among Persons at Risk of Bat Exposures in Thailand SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; LYSSAVIRUS; VIRUS; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; BARTONELLA; SITUATION; CAMBODIA; DISEASE AB Background: Rabies is a fatal encephalitis caused by lyssaviruses. Evidence of lyssavirus circulation has recently emerged in Southeast Asian bats. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Thailand to assess rabies-related knowledge and practices among persons regularly exposed to bats and bat habitats. The objectives were to identify deficiencies in rabies awareness, describe the occurrence of bat exposures, and explore factors associated with transdermal bat exposures. Methods: A survey was administered to a convenience sample of adult guano miners, bat hunters, game wardens, and residents/personnel at Buddhist temples where mass bat roosting occurs. The questionnaire elicited information on demographics, experience with bat exposures, and rabies knowledge. Participants were also asked to describe actions they would take in response to a bat bite as well as actions for a bite from a potentially rabid animal. Bivariate analysis was used to compare responses between groups and multivariable logistic regression was used to explore factors independently associated with being bitten or scratched by a bat. Findings: Of 106 people interviewed, 11 (10%) identified bats as a potential source of rabies. A history of a bat bite or scratch was reported by 29 (27%), and 38 (36%) stated either that they would do nothing or that they did not know what they would do in response to a bat bite. Guano miners were less likely than other groups to indicate animal bites as a mechanism of rabies transmission (68% vs. 90%, p = 0.03) and were less likely to say they would respond appropriately to a bat bite or scratch (61% vs. 27%, p = 0.003). Guano mining, bat hunting, and being in a bat cave or roost area more than 5 times a year were associated with history of a bat bite or scratch. Conclusions: These findings indicate the need for educational outreach to raise awareness of bat rabies, promote exposure prevention, and ensure appropriate health-seeking behaviors for bat-inflicted wounds, particularly among at-risk groups in Thailand. C1 [Robertson, Kis; Petersen, Brett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lumlertdacha, Boonlert] Thai Red Cross Soc, Queen Saovabha Mem Inst, WHO Collaborating Ctr Res Rabies, Bangkok, Thailand. [Franka, Richard; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bhengsri, Saithip; Henchaichon, Sununta; Peruski, Leonard F.; Baggett, Henry C.; Maloney, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Int Emerging Infect Program, Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response Div, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Robertson, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kir6@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC scientists participated in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 AR e1054 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001054 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 784EZ UT WOS:000292139600005 PM 21738801 ER PT J AU He, M Ouyang, ZM Troxell, B Xu, HJ Moh, A Piesman, J Norgard, MV Gomelsky, M Yang, XF AF He, Ming Ouyang, Zhiming Troxell, Bryan Xu, Haijun Moh, Akira Piesman, Joseph Norgard, Michael V. Gomelsky, Mark Yang, X. Frank TI Cyclic di-GMP is Essential for the Survival of the Lyme Disease Spirochete in Ticks SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID REGULATES BIOFILM FORMATION; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; RESPONSE REGULATOR; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BINDING-PROTEIN; DOMAIN PROTEIN; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger that modulates many biological processes. Although its role in bacterial pathogenesis during mammalian infection has been documented, the role of c-di-GMP in a pathogen's life cycle within a vector host is less understood. The enzootic cycle of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi involves both a mammalian host and an Ixodes tick vector. The B. burgdorferi genome encodes a single copy of the diguanylate cyclase gene (rrp1), which is responsible for c-di-GMP synthesis. To determine the role of c-di-GMP in the life cycle of B. burgdorferi, an Rrp1-deficient B. burgdorferi strain was generated. The rrp1 mutant remains infectious in the mammalian host but cannot survive in the tick vector. Microarray analyses revealed that expression of a four-gene operon involved in glycerol transport and metabolism, bb0240-bb0243, was significantly downregulated by abrogation of Rrp1. In vitro, the rrp1 mutant is impaired in growth in the media containing glycerol as the carbon source (BSK-glycerol). To determine the contribution of the glycerol metabolic pathway to the rrp1 mutant phenotype, a glp mutant, in which the entire bb0240-bb0243 operon is not expressed, was generated. Similar to the rrp1 mutant, the glp mutant has a growth defect in BSK-glycerol medium. In vivo, the glp mutant is also infectious in mice but has reduced survival in ticks. Constitutive expression of the bb0240-bb0243 operon in the rrp1 mutant fully rescues the growth defect in BSK-glycerol medium and partially restores survival of the rrp1 mutant in ticks. Thus, c-di-GMP appears to govern a catabolic switch in B. burgdorferi and plays a vital role in the tick part of the spirochetal enzootic cycle. This work provides the first evidence that c-di-GMP is essential for a pathogen's survival in its vector host. C1 [He, Ming; Troxell, Bryan; Xu, Haijun; Moh, Akira; Yang, X. Frank] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Ouyang, Zhiming; Norgard, Michael V.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Dallas, TX USA. [Xu, Haijun] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Insect Sci, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gomelsky, Mark] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP He, M (reprint author), Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM xfyang@iupui.edu RI gomelsky, mark/F-6209-2010; OI Xu, Hai-Jun/0000-0002-7314-377X; Troxell, Bryan/0000-0002-0533-6721 FU NIH [R01 AI083640, R21 AI085242]; American Heart Association; Lilly Endowment, Inc.; National Center for Research Resources, NIH [C06 RR015481-01]; NIH-NIAID [AI060519] FX Funding for this work was partially provided by NIH grants R01 AI083640 (XFY), R21 AI085242 (XFY), the American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (XFY), and Indiana INGEN and METACyt grants of Indiana University, funded by the Lilly Endowment, Inc. (XFY). This investigation was partially conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program grant (C06 RR015481-01) from National Center for Research Resources, NIH. B.T. is supported by a NIH-NIAID T32 training grant AI060519. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 6 AR e1002133 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002133 PG 15 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 787MC UT WOS:000292379600047 PM 21738477 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Kretsinger, K Pals, SL Gaul, ZJ Heffelfinger, JD Begley, EB Chen, RT Kilmarx, PH AF Gust, Deborah A. Kretsinger, Katrina Pals, Sherri L. Gaul, Zaneta J. Heffelfinger, James D. Begley, Elin B. Chen, Robert T. Kilmarx, Peter H. TI Male circumcision as an HIV prevention intervention in the U.S.: Influence of health care providers and potential for risk compensation (vol 52, pg 270, 2011) SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Gust, Deborah A.; Kretsinger, Katrina; Pals, Sherri L.; Gaul, Zaneta J.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Begley, Elin B.; Chen, Robert T.; Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 6 BP 482 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.04.008 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 779DQ UT WOS:000291758700024 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Driban, JB Sitler, MR Harris, KP Cattano, NM AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Driban, Jeffrey B. Sitler, Michael R. Harris, Kyle P. Cattano, Nicole M. TI Reliability and validity of three quality rating instruments for systematic reviews of observational studies SO RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS LA English DT Review DE instrument psychometrics; research methods; systematic review; meta-analysis AB To assess the inter-rater reliability, validity, and inter-instrument agreement of the three quality rating instruments for observational studies. Inter-rater reliability, criterion validity, and inter-instrument reliability were assessed for three quality rating scales, the Downs and Black (D&B), Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS), and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), using a sample of 23 observational studies of musculoskeletal health outcomes. Inter-rater reliability for the D&B (Intraclass correlations [ICC] = 0.73; CI = 0.47-0.88) and NOS (ICC = 0.52; CI = 0.14-0.76) were moderate to good and was poor for the SIGN (kappa = 0.09; CI = -0.22-0.40). The NOS was not statistically valid (p = 0.35), although the SIGN was statistically valid (p<0.05) with medium to large effect sizes (f(2) = 0.29-0.47). Inter-instrument agreement estimates were kappa = 0.34, CI = 0.05-0.62 (D&B versus SIGN), kappa = 0.26, CI = 0.00-0.52 (SIGN versus NOS), and kappa = 0.43, CI = 0.09-0.78 (D&B versus NOS). Reliability and validity are quite variable across quality rating scales used in assessing observational studies in systematic reviews. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Driban, Jeffrey B.; Sitler, Michael R.; Harris, Kyle P.] Temple Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Athlet Training Div, Biokinet Res Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Driban, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Boston, MA USA. [Cattano, Nicole M.] W Chester Univ, Dept Sports Med, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. RP Hootman, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov OI Driban, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6098-4273 NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1759-2879 EI 1759-2887 J9 RES SYNTH METHODS JI Res. Synth. Methods PD JUN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1002/jrsm.41 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V38ZG UT WOS:000209380700004 PM 26061679 ER PT J AU Leichliter, JS Paz-Bailey, G Friedman, AL Habel, MA Vezi, A Sello, M Farirai, T Lewis, DA AF Leichliter, Jami S. Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Friedman, Allison L. Habel, Melissa A. Vezi, Alex Sello, Martha Farirai, Thato Lewis, David A. TI 'Clinics aren't meant for men': Sexual health care access and seeking behaviours among men in Gauteng province, South Africa SO SAHARA J-JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HIV-AIDS LA English DT Article DE sexual health care access; men ID TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; AIDS STIGMA; INFECTIONS; SECTOR; MODEL; DETERMINANTS; COMMUNITIES; SERVICES; TOWN AB Men may be key players in the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI), and it is important that STI/HIV health services reach men. The objective of this study was to explore sexual health care access and seeking behaviours in men. This study used focus groups to examine sexual health care access and seeking behaviours in men 5 years after implementation of free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the South African public sector. Six focus groups (N = 58) were conducted with men = 18 years in an urban area of Gauteng province. Men were recruited from various locations throughout the community. Men reported several barriers and facilitators to the use of public and private clinics for sexual health services including HIV testing, and many men reported seeking care from traditional healers. Men often viewed public clinics as a place for women and reported experiences with some female nurses who were rude or judgmental of the men. Additionally, some men reported that they sought sexual health care services at public clinics; however, they were not given physical examinations by health care providers to diagnose their STI syndrome. Most men lacked knowledge about ART and avoided HIV testing because of fear of death or being abandoned by their families or friends. Study findings suggest that men still require better access to high-quality, non-judgmental sexual health care services. Future research is needed to determine the most effective method to increase men's access to sexual health care services. C1 [Leichliter, Jami S.; Friedman, Allison L.; Habel, Melissa A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Behav Intervent & Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sello, Martha] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, STI Reference Ctr, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Leichliter, JS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Behav Intervent & Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jleichliter@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU SA MEDICAL ASSOC HEALTH & MEDICAL PUBL GROUP PI CLAREMONT PA 21 DREYER ST, 4TH FLOOR, SANCLARE BLDG, CLAREMONT, 7700, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1729-0376 J9 SAHARA J-J SOC ASP H JI Sahara J-J. Soc. Asp. HIV/AIDS PD JUN PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1080/17290376.2011.9724989 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 958PQ UT WOS:000305253100005 PM 23237685 ER PT J AU Kirkcaldy, RD Mika, J Newman, LM Langa, J Tian, LH Jani, I Ballard, R Nelson, L Folgosa, E AF Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Mika, Jennifer Newman, Lori M. Langa, Judite Tian, Linhui Jani, Ilesh Ballard, Ron Nelson, Lisa Folgosa, Elena TI BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS, ALTERATIONS IN VAGINAL FLORA AND HIV GENITAL SHEDDING AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED WOMEN IN MOZAMBIQUE SO SOUTHERN AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIV MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRACT AB Objectives. We investigated whether abnormal vaginal flora, including bacterial vaginosis (BV), are associated with detection of cervical HIV-1 RNA among HIV-infected women in Mozambique. Methods. We obtained clinical data and vaginal specimens from HIV-infected women registering for their first visit at one of two HIV care clinics in Mozambique. We compared women with detectable cervical HIV viral load (40 copies/ml) with women with undetectable cervical HIV. Results. We enrolled 106 women. Women with abnormal vaginal flora (intermediate Nugent scores, 4 - 6) were more likely to have detectable cervical HIV RNA than women with normal vaginal flora (adjusted odds ratio 7.2 (95% confidence interval 1.8 - 29.1), adjusted for CD4 count). Women with BV had a non-significantly higher likelihood of detectable cervical HIV than women with normal flora. Conclusions. Abnormal vaginal flora were significantly associated with cervical HIV expression. Further research is needed to confirm this relationship. C1 [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Mika, Jennifer; Newman, Lori M.; Langa, Judite; Tian, Linhui; Ballard, Ron; Nelson, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Folgosa, Elena] Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Maputo, Mozambique. RP Kirkcaldy, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SA HIV CLINICIANS SOC PI HOUGHTON, JOHANNESBURG PA SUITE 233, POSTNET KILLARNEY, PRIVATE BAG X2600, HOUGHTON, JOHANNESBURG, 2041, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1608-9693 J9 S AFR J HIV MED JI South. Afr. J. HIV Med. PD JUN PY 2011 IS 40 BP 22 EP 24 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 783ZE UT WOS:000292122600004 ER PT J AU Bowzard, JB Davis, WG Jeisy-Scott, V Ranjan, P Gangappa, S Fujita, T Sambhara, S AF Bowzard, J. Bradford Davis, William G. Jeisy-Scott, Victoria Ranjan, Priya Gangappa, Shivaprakash Fujita, Takashi Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI PAMPer and tRIGer: ligand-induced activation of RIG-I SO TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INDUCIBLE GENE-I; INNATE IMMUNITY; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE RNA; RECOGNITION; POLYMERASE; HELICASE; RECEPTOR; VIRUS AB Retinoic-acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is an important component of the innate immune response to many RNA viruses that limits viral replication until adaptive immunity becomes available to clear the infection. Upon binding to the nucleic acid genomes and replication intermediates of these viruses, RIG-I undergoes a complex activation process that involves post-translational modifications and structural rearrangements. Once activated, RIG-I upregulates well-studied signal transduction pathways that lead to the production of type-I interferons (IFNs) and a large variety of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes. Thus, an effective antiviral response is dependent on the interaction between pathogen-derived ligands and RIG-I. Recent work has begun to clarify the required characteristics of RIG-I activators and is setting the stage for the identification of authentic ligands used during viral infection. C1 [Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Mol Genet Lab, Kyoto 6068507, Japan. [Bowzard, J. Bradford; Davis, William G.; Jeisy-Scott, Victoria; Ranjan, Priya; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fujita, T (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Mol Genet Lab, 53 Shogoin Kawara Sakyo, Kyoto 6068507, Japan. EM tfujita@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp; ssambhara@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0968-0004 J9 TRENDS BIOCHEM SCI JI Trends Biochem.Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 6 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.tibs.2011.03.003 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 784AT UT WOS:000292126700003 PM 21497095 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Lovegrove, MC Crosby, AE AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Lovegrove, Maribeth C. Crosby, Alexander E. TI Emergency Department Visits for Overdoses of Acetaminophen-Containing Products SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LIVER-FAILURE; UNITED-STATES; PACK SIZES; PARACETAMOL; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; REDUCTION; KNOWLEDGE AB Background: Limited national data on the circumstances of acetaminophen overdoses have hindered identification and implementation of prevention strategies. Purpose: To estimate the frequency of and characterize risks for emergency department visits for acetaminophen overdoses that were not related to abuse in the U. S. Methods: Data were collected from two components of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2007, and analyzed from 2009 to 2010 to estimate the annual number of emergency department visits for non-abuse-related acetaminophen overdose by patient demographics, treatments, and type and amount of acetaminophen-containing product ingested. Results: There were an estimated 78,414 emergency department visits (95% CI=63655, 93172) annually for non-abuse-related overdoses of acetaminophen-containing products. Most emergency department visits for acetaminophen overdose were for self-directed violence (69.8%, 95% CI=66.4%, 73.2%), with the highest rate among patients aged 15-24 years (46.4 per 100,000 individuals per year). Unsupervised ingestions by children aged <6 years accounted for 13.4% (95% CI=11.0%, 15.9%) of visits for acetaminophen overdoses (42.5 per 100,000 individuals per year). Therapeutic misadventures accounted for 16.7% (95% CI=14.0%, 19.5%) of visits and most involved overuse for medicinal effects (56.1%, 95% CI=50.6%, 61.6%) rather than use of multiple acetaminophen-containing products or dose confusion. Conclusions: Non-abuse-related overdoses of acetaminophen products lead to many emergency department visits each year, particularly emergency department visits for self-directed violence. Acetaminophen overdose prevention efforts will likely need to be multidimensional. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(6): 585-592) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.; Lovegrove, Maribeth C.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Crosby, Alexander E.] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This investigation was funded by the CDC. We thank Kelly Weidenbach, MPH, Victor Johnson (Northrop-Grumman contractors for CDC), Lee Annest, PhD, and Tadesse Haileyesus, MS, of CDC, and Tom Schroeder, MS, Cathy Irish, BS, Joel Friedman, BA, and staff of the Division of Hazard and Injury Data Systems, U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission for assistance with data collection and processing. We thank Nadine Shehab, PharmD, MPH, of CDC for assistance with programming and thoughtful contributions to the manuscript. All individuals named consented to be acknowledged and none have disclaimers to report. NR 31 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.02.026 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 762IS UT WOS:000290470400003 PM 21565648 ER PT J AU Hvidtjorn, D Grove, J Schendel, D Schieve, LA Svaerke, C Ernst, E Thorsen, P AF Hvidtjorn, D. Grove, J. Schendel, D. Schieve, L. A. Svaerke, C. Ernst, E. Thorsen, P. TI Risk of autism spectrum disorders in children born after assisted conception: a population-based follow-up study SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS; NEUROLOGICAL SEQUELAE; PERINATAL FACTORS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; NATIONAL COHORT; CEREBRAL-PALSY; BIRTH-WEIGHT; IVF; REGISTER AB Objectives To assess the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children born after assisted conception compared with children born after natural conception. Design Population-based follow-up study. Setting All children born alive in Denmark 1995-2003. Participants 588 967 children born in Denmark from January 1995 to December 2003. Assisted conception was defined as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection and ovulation induction (OI) with or without subsequent insemination. Children exposed to IVF or OI were identified in the IVF Register and in the Danish Drug Prescription Register. Main outcome measures A diagnosis of ASD in the Danish Psychiatric Central Register. Results 33 139 (5.6%) of all children born in Denmark in 1995-2003 resulted from assisted conception, 225 of whom (0.68%) had a diagnosis of ASD. Of the 555 828 children born in this period after natural conception, 3394 (0.61%) had a diagnosis of ASD. The follow-up time was 4-13 years (median 9 years). In crude analyses, children born after assisted conception had an increased risk of a diagnosis of ASD: crude hazard rate ratio (HRR) 1.25 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.43). In analyses adjusting for maternal age, educational level, parity, smoking, birth weight and multiplicity, the risk disappeared: adjusted HRR 1.13. (95% CI 0.97 to 1.31). However, subgroup analyses that suggest possible associations in women who received follicle stimulating hormone indicate the need for further study. Discussion This population-based follow-up study found no risk of ASD in children born after assisted conception. C1 [Hvidtjorn, D.; Grove, J.; Svaerke, C.; Thorsen, P.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Schendel, D.; Schieve, L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ernst, E.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Fertil Sect, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. RP Hvidtjorn, D (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, Paludan Mullers Vej 17, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM dh@soci.au.dk OI Grove, Jakob/0000-0003-2284-5744 FU Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Aarhus; Elsass Foundation; Sofiefonden; Health Insurance Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Julie von Mullens Foundation; Direktor Jacob Madsen and Hustru Olga Madsens Fond; Aase and Ejnar Danielsen Foundation FX The study was funded as a co-financed PhD project by The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, University of Aarhus and The Elsass Foundation. Further funding was supplied by Sofiefonden, The Health Insurance Foundation, The Augustinus Foundation, Julie von Mullens Foundation, Direktor Jacob Madsen and Hustru Olga Madsens Fond and Aase and Ejnar Danielsen Foundation. NR 40 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 18 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 65 IS 6 BP 497 EP 502 DI 10.1136/jech.2009.093823 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 758ZW UT WOS:000290209400006 PM 20584728 ER PT J AU Rolnick, SJ Rahm, AK Jackson, JM Nekhlyudov, L Goddard, KAB Field, T McCarty, C Nakasato, C Roblin, D Anderson, CP Valdez, R AF Rolnick, Sharon J. Rahm, Alanna K. Jackson, Jody M. Nekhlyudov, Larissa Goddard, Katrina A. B. Field, Terry McCarty, Catherine Nakasato, Cynthia Roblin, Douglas Anderson, Christopher P. Valdez, Rodolfo TI Barriers in Identification and Referral to Genetic Counseling for Familial Cancer Risk: The Perspective of Genetic Service Providers SO JOURNAL OF GENETIC COUNSELING LA English DT Article DE Genetic counseling; Genetic predisposition to disease; Genetic screening; Neoplasms; Referral and consultation ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; HEREDITARY BREAST-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; DISEASE PREVENTION; GENOMIC MEDICINE; AMERICAN-SOCIETY; IMPROVING HEALTH; NATIONAL SAMPLE; HISTORY; BREAST/OVARIAN AB The purpose of this study was to obtain genetic counselors' perspectives about the identification of appropriate patients and barriers to referral of high-risk patients for cancer genetic counseling services. Genetic service providers from eight integrated health systems were surveyed. Data analysis included descriptive statistics. Twenty-eight of 40 potential participants responded (70%). Referrals for familial cancer risk assessment overwhelmingly came from providers (89%); only 10% were self-referrals. Use of guidelines to assist providers with referral was reported by 46% of the respondents. Genetic service providers perceived patient barriers to seeking genetic counseling after referral included: risk evaluation viewed as a non-priority (72%), concerns about impact on insurability (52%), distance to appointments (48%), lack of insurance (44%), lack of patient/provider knowledge about the value of genetic counseling (36%), discouragement by family members (28%), and fear (20%). The best approaches suggested by respondents to increase appropriate referrals were attending meetings and giving presentations to oncologists, surgeons, primary care and gynecologists. The genetic service providers reported several barriers to the referral and use of genetic counseling. This finding is consistent with current literature from the providers' perspective. Our survey adds the genetic service providers' perspective and identifies areas of opportunity for further research and intervention as few of the perceived barriers are being addressed through current educational efforts. C1 [Rolnick, Sharon J.; Jackson, Jody M.; Anderson, Christopher P.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. [Rahm, Alanna K.] Kaiser Permanente, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Nekhlyudov, Larissa] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Nekhlyudov, Larissa] Harvard Vanguard Med Associates, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Goddard, Katrina A. B.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Field, Terry] Meyers Primary Care Inst, Worcester, MA USA. [McCarty, Catherine] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Nakasato, Cynthia] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Honolulu, HI USA. [Roblin, Douglas] Ctr Hlth Res SE, Atlanta, GA USA. [Valdez, Rodolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rolnick, SJ (reprint author), HealthPartners Res Fdn, POB 1524,MS 21111R, Minneapolis, MN 55440 USA. EM Cheri.J.Rolnick@healthpartners.com FU National Cancer Institute [5U19 CA079689] FX This study was funded by the National Cancer Institute, contract 5U19 CA079689, "Increasing the Effectiveness of Cancer Control Interventions" (Edward H. Wagner, MD, MPH, Principal Investigator), which provides financial support for the HMO Cancer Research Network (CRN). We want to acknowledge the members of the CRN Family History Scientific Interest Group who contributed to the conceptual design of this project and/or provided input on this manuscript, particularly Andrea F. Patenaude, PhD from the Dana Farber Cancer Institute (Boston, MA). We also want to thank the genetics professionals who participated in the survey. The corresponding author may be contacted to request a copy of the full survey. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-7700 J9 J GENET COUNS JI J. Genet. Couns. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1007/s10897-011-9351-3 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 762EC UT WOS:000290454500009 PM 21503824 ER PT J AU Oster, ME Riehle-Colarusso, T Alverson, CJ Correa, A AF Oster, Matthew E. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Alverson, Clinton J. Correa, Adolfo TI Associations Between Maternal Fever and Influenza and Congenital Heart Defects SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID VENTRICULAR SEPTAL-DEFECTS; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; CARDIOVASCULAR MALFORMATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; MULTIVITAMIN USE; CHICK-EMBRYOS; HYPERTHERMIA; PREGNANCY; ABNORMALITIES AB Objective To examine associations between maternal reports of prenatal fever or influenza and congenital heart defects (CHDs), and to evaluate whether those associations varied with antipyretic use. Study design We analyzed case infants with CHD (n = 2361) and control infants without CHD (n = 3435) from the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study (1981-1989). Participating mothers were asked whether they experienced a "fever of 101 degrees F or higher,'' had "influenza (flu),'' or used an antipyretic agent (ie, acetaminophen, salicylate, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) during the period extending from 3 months before pregnancy through the end of the third month of pregnancy. We used logistic regression to compute ORs and 95% CIs while controlling for potential confounders. Results There were significant associations between fever and influenza and specific CHDs, namely right-sided obstructive defects (fever: OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.27 to 3.27; influenza: OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.62) and atrioventricular septal defects in infants with Down syndrome (fever: OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.38; influenza: OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.63). Maternal antipyretic use in the setting of fever or influenza tended to decrease these associations. Conclusions Prenatal maternal fever or influenza may be associated with right-sided obstructive lesions in all infants and with atrioventricular septal defects in infants with Down syndrome. The use of antipyretics might attenuate such associations. (J Pediatr 2011;158:990-5). C1 [Oster, Matthew E.] Emory Univ, Div Pediat Cardiol, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Oster, Matthew E.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Alverson, Clinton J.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oster, ME (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Pediat Cardiol, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, 1405 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM matthew.oster@choa.org NR 36 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 158 IS 6 BP 990 EP 995 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.11.058 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 763LQ UT WOS:000290558600026 PM 21256509 ER PT J AU Daniels, RD Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Daniels, R. D. Schubauer-Berigan, M. K. TI A meta-analysis of leukaemia risk from protracted exposure to low-dose gamma radiation SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; PORTSMOUTH-NAVAL-SHIPYARD; POWER INDUSTRY WORKERS; MAYAK NUCLEAR-COMPLEX; IONIZING-RADIATION; CANCER INCIDENCE; LUNG-CANCER; HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; MORTALITY AB Context More than 400 000 workers annually receive a measurable radiation dose and may be at increased risk of radiation-induced leukaemia. It is unclear whether leukaemia risk is elevated with protracted, low-dose exposure. Objective We conducted a meta-analysis examining the relationship between protracted low-dose ionising radiation exposure and leukaemia. Data sources Reviews by the National Academies and United Nations provided a summary of informative studies published before 2005. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for additional occupational and environmental studies published between 2005 and 2009. Study selection We selected 23 studies that: (1) examined the association between protracted exposures to ionising radiation and leukaemia excluding chronic lymphocytic subtype; (2) were a cohort or nested case-control design without major bias; (3) reported quantitative estimates of exposure; and (4) conducted exposure-response analyses using relative or excess RR per unit exposure. Methods Studies were further screened to reduce information overlap. Random effects models were developed to summarise between-study variance and obtain an aggregate estimate of the excess RR at 100 mGy. Publication bias was assessed by trim and fill and Rosenthal's file drawer methods. Results We found an ERR at 100 mGy of 0.19 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.32) by modelling results from 10 studies and adjusting for publication bias. Between-study variance was not evident (p = 0.99). Conclusions Protracted exposure to low-dose gamma radiation is significantly associated with leukaemia. Our estimate agreed well with the leukaemia risk observed among exposed adults in the Life Span Study (LSS) of atomic bomb survivors, providing increased confidence in the current understanding of leukaemia risk from ionising radiation. However, unlike the estimates obtained from the LSS, our model provides a precise, quantitative summary of the direct estimates of excess risk from studies of protracted radiation exposures. C1 [Daniels, R. D.; Schubauer-Berigan, M. K.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Daniels, RD (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM RTD2@CDC.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 66 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 9 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 68 IS 6 BP 457 EP 464 DI 10.1136/oem.2009.054684 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 762XX UT WOS:000290516600014 PM 20935290 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Kretsinger, K Gaul, Z Pals, S Heffelfinger, JD Begley, E Chen, RT Kilmarx, PH AF Gust, Deborah A. Kretsinger, Katrina Gaul, Zaneta Pals, Sherri Heffelfinger, James D. Begley, Elin Chen, Robert T. Kilmarx, Peter H. TI Acceptability of Newborn Circumcision to Prevent HIV Infection in the United States SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID URINARY-TRACT-INFECTION; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; NEONATAL-CIRCUMCISION; CERVICAL-CANCER; HEALTH; MEN; PARENTS; POLICY; YOUNG; INTERVENTION AB Background/Purpose: To understand whether information from the African clinical trials about the partially protective effect of male circumcision against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could influence adults to circumcise a newborn son. Methods: Using the 2008 ConsumerStyles panel survey data, multiple regression analysis was performed to identify correlates of (1) inclination toward circumcising a newborn son and (2) being influenced to have a newborn son circumcised if it would reduce the chance of becoming HIV infected later in life. Results: Response rate was 50.6% (10,108/19,996). Approximately 12% reported not being inclined to circumcise a newborn son. Higher odds of not being inclined to circumcise a newborn son were associated with Hispanic and "other" race/ethnicity, being an uncircumcised man and a man not reporting circumcision status, postgraduate education, region, and negative health-related attitudes. Lower odds were associated with black race and less number of household members. Fifty-three percent of respondents reported that information about the protective effect of circumcision would make them more likely to have a newborn son circumcised. Higher odds of being influenced to have a newborn son circumcised were associated with being >= 45 years of age, black race, living in a household with fewer than 5 members, having high school or some college education, region, and positive health-related attitudes; lower odds were associated with being an uncircumcised man and lower income. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that providing educational information about the HIV prevention and benefit of circumcision may increase the inclination to circumcise a newborn son for some people. C1 [Gust, Deborah A.; Kretsinger, Katrina; Gaul, Zaneta; Pals, Sherri; Heffelfinger, James D.; Begley, Elin; Chen, Robert T.; Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 38 IS 6 BP 536 EP 542 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318207f5b0 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 763MH UT WOS:000290561200014 PM 21217414 ER PT J AU Tieu, HV Xu, GZ Bonner, S Spikes, P Egan, JE Goodman, K Stewart, K Koblin, BA AF Hong-Van Tieu Xu, Guozhen Bonner, Sebastian Spikes, Pilgrim Egan, James E. Goodman, Krista Stewart, Kiwan Koblin, Beryl A. TI Sexual Partner Characteristics, Serodiscordant/Serostatus Unknown Unprotected Anal Intercourse and Disclosure Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Uninfected Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; BISEXUAL MEN; WHITE MEN; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; DISPARITIES AB Objectives: Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States. This study describes sexual partner characteristics and disclosure of HIV serostatus and evaluates factors associated with sexual risk behaviors during last sex among black MSM. Design and Methods: Between 2008 and 2009, 328 black MSM who reported recent unprotected anal intercourse were enrolled in an HIV behavioral intervention study in New York City. Factors associated with serodiscordant/serostatus unknown UAI (defined as having UAI with a partner of different or unknown HIV serostatus) with a male partner during last sex were assessed using logistic regression. Results: A total of 205 HIV-infected and 123 uninfected men were enrolled in this study. Almost all men (91.6%) reported having a black male partner during last sex. About half (47.3%) of men used alcohol and 38.7% used other substances before or during last sex. About two-thirds (68.8%) of participants disclosed their HIV status to their last sex partner, while 57.2% of partners disclosed. In multivariate analysis, meeting a partner on the internet or chat line was associated with serodiscordant/serostatus unknown UAI during last sex among HIV-infected men. The only factor associated with serodiscordant/serostatus unknown UAI during last sex among HIV-uninfected men was the partner being a non-main partner. Conclusions: A significant proportion of black MSM in this study did not disclose their HIV status. Our data highlight the need for more data on dyadic variables and sexual risk behaviors among black MSM, as well as interventions to encourage communication between partners. C1 [Hong-Van Tieu; Xu, Guozhen; Goodman, Krista; Stewart, Kiwan; Koblin, Beryl A.] New York Blood Ctr, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Hong-Van Tieu] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bonner, Sebastian; Egan, James E.] New York Acad Med, New York, NY USA. [Spikes, Pilgrim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tieu, HV (reprint author), New York Blood Ctr, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, 310 E 67th St 3-110, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM htieu@nybloodcenter.org FU New York Blood Center [3UR6PS000437-03W1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3UR6PS000437-03W1] FX Supported by a cooperative agreement between the New York Blood Center and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (3UR6PS000437-03W1). NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 38 IS 6 BP 548 EP 554 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318203e2d7 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 763MH UT WOS:000290561200016 PM 21217419 ER PT J AU Shamliyan, TA Kane, RL Ansari, MT Raman, G Berkman, ND Grant, M Janes, G Maglione, M Moher, D Nasser, M Robinson, KA Segal, JB Tsouros, S AF Shamliyan, Tatyana A. Kane, Robert L. Ansari, Mohammed T. Raman, Gowri Berkman, Nancy D. Grant, Mark Janes, Gail Maglione, Margaret Moher, David Nasser, Mona Robinson, Karen A. Segal, Jodi B. Tsouros, Sophia TI Development quality criteria to evaluate nontherapeutic studies of incidence, prevalence, or risk factors of chronic diseases: pilot study of new checklists SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Risk factors; Morbidity; Reproducibility of results; Validation studies; Bias (epidemiology); Quality control; Review literature as topic ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; CRITICAL-APPRAISAL; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; MEDICAL LITERATURE; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; META-ANALYSIS AB Objective: To develop two checklists for the quality of observational studies of incidence or risk factors of diseases. Study Design and Setting: Initial development of the checklists was based on a systematic literature review. The checklists were refined after pilot trials of validity and reliability were conducted by seven experts, who tested the checklists on 10 articles. Results: The checklist for studies of incidence or prevalence of chronic disease had six criteria for external validity and five for internal validity. The checklist for risk factor studies had six criteria for external validity, 13 criteria for internal validity, and two aspects of causality. A Microsoft Access database produced automated standardized reports about external and internal validities. Pilot testing demonstrated face and content validities and discrimination of reporting vs. methodological qualities. Interrater agreement was poor. The experts suggested future reliability testing of the checklists in systematic reviews with preplanned protocols, a priori consensus about research-specific quality criteria, and training of the reviewers. Conclusion: We propose transparent and standardized quality assessment criteria of observational studies using the developed checklists. Future testing of the checklists in systematic reviews is necessary to develop reliable tools that can be used with confidence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shamliyan, Tatyana A.; Kane, Robert L.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Policy & Management, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ansari, Mohammed T.; Moher, David; Tsouros, Sophia] Ottawa Hlth Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa Methods Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Raman, Gowri] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Berkman, Nancy D.] RTI Int Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Grant, Mark] Blue Cross & Blue Shield Assoc, Chicago, IL USA. [Janes, Gail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Maglione, Margaret] RAND Corp, So Calif EPC, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Nasser, Mona] German Inst Qual & Efficiency Hlth Care, Cologne, Germany. [Robinson, Karen A.; Segal, Jodi B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Shamliyan, TA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Policy & Management, 420 Delaware St SE,MMC 197, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM sham1005@umn.edu RI Nasser, Mona/J-3601-2013; Segal, Jodi/A-2863-2009; OI Segal, Jodi/0000-0003-3978-9662; Moher , David /0000-0003-2434-4206 FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [290-02-0009] FX This project was funded under Contract No. 290-02-0009, from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The authors are responsible for its content. Statements in the article should not be construed as endorsement by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 134 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0895-4356 EI 1878-5921 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 64 IS 6 BP 637 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.08.006 PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 757GY UT WOS:000290074700009 PM 21071174 ER PT J AU Aoki, K Benko, M Davison, AJ Echavarria, M Erdman, DD Harrach, B Kajon, AE Schnurr, D Wadell, G AF Aoki, Koki Benkoe, Maria Davison, Andrew J. Echavarria, Marcela Erdman, Dean D. Harrach, Balazs Kajon, Adriana E. Schnurr, David Wadell, Goran CA Adenovirus Res Community TI Toward an Integrated Human Adenovirus Designation System That Utilizes Molecular and Serological Data and Serves both Clinical and Fundamental Virology SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Kajon, Adriana E.] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Aoki, Koki] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Grad Sch Med, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608638, Japan. [Benkoe, Maria; Harrach, Balazs] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Davison, Andrew J.] Univ Glasgow, MRC, Ctr Virus Res, Glasgow G11 5JR, Lanark, Scotland. [Echavarria, Marcela] CEMIC Univ Hosp, Clin Virol Unit, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Schnurr, David; Wadell, Goran] Umea Univ, S-90185 Umea, Sweden. RP Kajon, AE (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM akajon@lrri.org RI Benko, Maria/A-4135-2008; Harrach, Balazs/A-3680-2008; OI Harrach, Balazs/0000-0002-1410-6469; Durigon, Edison/0000-0003-4898-6553 FU Medical Research Council [G0801822, MC_U130184136, MC_UU_12014/3] NR 0 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 11 BP 5703 EP 5704 DI 10.1128/JVI.00491-11 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 760CE UT WOS:000290298700050 PM 21450837 ER PT J AU Wei, LX Li, SY Yang, JH Ye, YM Zou, J Wang, LY Long, R Zurkiya, O Zhao, TJ Johnson, J Qiao, JJ Zhou, WD Castiblanco, A Maor, N Chen, YY Mao, H Hu, XP Yang, JJ Liu, ZR AF Wei, Lixia Li, Shunyi Yang, Jianhua Ye, Yiming Zou, Jin Wang, Liya Long, Robert Zurkiya, Omar Zhao, Tiejun Johnson, Julian Qiao, Jingjuan Zhou, Wangda Castiblanco, Adriana Maor, Natalie Chen, Yanyi Mao, Hui Hu, Xiaoping Yang, Jenny J. Liu, Zhi-Ren TI Protein-Based MRI Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer SO MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MRI; Contrast agents; Prostate cancer; Molecular imaging; Relaxivity ID GASTRIN-RELEASING-PEPTIDE; METAL-BINDING; RECEPTOR-BINDING; MESSENGER-RNA; DESIGN; TUMORS AB The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a novel protein-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent that has the capability of targeting prostate cancer and which provides high-sensitivity MR imaging in tumor cells and mouse models. A fragment of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) was fused into a protein-based MRI contrast agent (ProCA1) at different regions. MR imaging was obtained in both tumor cells (PC3 and H441) and a tumor mouse model administrated with ProCA1.GRP. PC3 and DU145 cells treated with ProCA1.GRPs exhibited enhanced signal in MRI. Intratumoral injection of ProCA1.GRP in a PC3 tumor model displayed enhanced MRI signal. The contrast agent was retained in the PC3 tumor up to 48 h post-injection. Protein-based MRI contrast agent with tumor targeting modality can specifically target GRPR-positive prostate cancer. Intratumoral injection of the ProCA1 agent in the prostate cancer mouse model verified the targeting capability of ProCA1.GRP and showed a prolonged retention time in tumors. C1 [Wei, Lixia; Li, Shunyi; Yang, Jianhua; Zou, Jin; Johnson, Julian; Qiao, Jingjuan; Zhou, Wangda; Castiblanco, Adriana; Maor, Natalie; Chen, Yanyi; Yang, Jenny J.; Liu, Zhi-Ren] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Wang, Liya; Long, Robert; Mao, Hui] Emory Univ, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Zurkiya, Omar; Zhao, Tiejun; Hu, Xiaoping] Emory Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ye, Yiming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yang, JJ (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM chejjy@langate.gsu.edu; biozrl@langate.gsu.edu RI Chen, Yanyi/H-7096-2013 OI Chen, Yanyi/0000-0002-7755-0882 FU NIH [CA118113, GM62999, EB007268] FX We thank Dan Adams, Birgit Neuhaus, Dr. Christie Cater, Jie Jiang, Dr. Leland Chung for their assistance. This work is supported in part by research grants from NIH CA118113 to Zhi-Ren Liu and NIH GM62999 and EB007268 to Jenny J Yang. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1536-1632 J9 MOL IMAGING BIOL JI Mol. Imaging. Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 416 EP 423 DI 10.1007/s11307-010-0342-9 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 759VT UT WOS:000290277300003 PM 20574851 ER PT J AU Cherng, JM Tsai, KD Perng, DS Wang, JS Wei, CC Lin, JC AF Cherng, Jaw-Ming Tsai, Kuen-Daw Perng, Daw-Shyong Wang, Jeng-Shing Wei, Cheng-Chung Lin, Jung-Chung TI Diallyl sulfide protects against ultraviolet B-induced skin cancers in SKH-1 hairless mouse: analysis of early molecular events in carcinogenesis SO PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE chemoprevention; diallyl sulfide; skin tumors; ultraviolet ID NF-KAPPA-B; NITRIC-OXIDE; MICE; LIGHT; INHIBITION; ACTIVATION; TUMORS; CELLS; DNA; PROSTAGLANDIN-E2 AB Background Diallyl sulfide (DAS) has been shown to have a preventive effect against various cancers. Aims and objectives We evaluated the protective effects of DAS in regression of ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin tumor formation in SKH-1 hairless mice and its underlying early molecular biomarkers. Methods We examined the efficacy of DAS in UVB light-induced skin lesion in SKH-1 hairless mice and the associated molecular events. Results Mice irradiated with UVB at 180 mJ/cm2 twice per week elicited 100% tumor incidence at 20 weeks. The topical application of DAS before UVB irradiation caused a delay in tumor appearance, multiplicity, and size. The topical application of DAS before and immediately after a single UVB irradiation (180 mJ/cm2) resulted in a significant decrease in UVB-induced thymine dimer-positive cells, expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and apoptotic sunburn cells, together with an increase in p53 and p21/Cip1-positive cell population in the epidermis. Simultaneously, DAS also significantly inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) levels. Conclusions The protective effect of DAS against photocarcinogenesis is accompanied by the down-regulation of cell-proliferative controls, involving thymine dimer, PCNA, apoptosis, transcription factors NF-kappa B, and of inflammatory responses involving COX-2, PGE2, and NO, and up-regulation of p53, p21/Cip1 to prevent DNA damage and facilitate DNA repair. C1 [Lin, Jung-Chung] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cellular Virol Unit, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cherng, Jaw-Ming; Wei, Cheng-Chung] Chung Shan Med Univ, Dept Internal Med, Chung Shan Med Univ Hosp, Taichung, Taiwan. [Tsai, Kuen-Daw] China Med Univ, Dept Internal Med, Yunlin, Taiwan. [Tsai, Kuen-Daw] Beigang Hosp, Yunlin, Taiwan. [Tsai, Kuen-Daw] Natl Chung Cheng Univ, Inst Mol Biol, Chiayi, Taiwan. [Perng, Daw-Shyong] I Shou Univ, Dept Internal Med, E Da Hosp, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Wang, Jeng-Shing] Antai Tian Sheng Mem Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Wang, Jeng-Shing] Taipei Med Univ, Dept Internal Med, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Lin, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cellular Virol Unit, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM linderson1939@gmail.com FU National Science Council (NSC) of Taiwan [97-2320-B-040-033-MY3]; China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan FX This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science Council (NSC) of Taiwan (97-2320-B-040-033-MY3), China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taiwan. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0905-4383 J9 PHOTODERMATOL PHOTO JI Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2011.00582.x PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 758NK UT WOS:000290171300003 PM 21535167 ER PT J AU Cohen, C Holmberg, SD McMahon, BJ Block, JM Brosgart, CL Gish, RG London, WT Block, TM AF Cohen, C. Holmberg, S. D. McMahon, B. J. Block, J. M. Brosgart, C. L. Gish, R. G. London, W. T. Block, T. M. TI Is chronic hepatitis B being undertreated in the United States? SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Review DE alanine aminotransferase; Asian and Pacific Islander; barriers to health care; chronic HBV infection; HBV treatment; hepatitis B DNA; hepatitis B virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; intravenous drug user ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; NEW-YORK-CITY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; VIRUS INFECTION; HBV INFECTION; LIVER-CANCER; KNOWLEDGE; CHINESE AB Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major risk factor for development of end-stage liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure and primary liver cancer. There are now seven antiviral agents approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of chronic HBV infection. Despite the fact that there are between 1.4 and 2 million chronic HBV infections in the United States, fewer than 50 000 people per year receive prescriptions for HBV antiviral medications. This report discusses possible explanations for the disparity between the number of people who are chronically infected and the number of people who receive treatment. Explanations for this incongruence include the potentially large number of infected persons who are unscreened and thus remain undiagnosed, and lack of access, including insurance, education and referral to appropriate medical care, particularly for disproportionately infected populations. C1 [Cohen, C.; Block, J. M.; London, W. T.; Block, T. M.] Hepatitis B Fdn, Doylestown, PA 18902 USA. [Holmberg, S. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [McMahon, B. J.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Brosgart, C. L.] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Gish, R. G.] Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Liver Transplant Program, San Francisco, CA USA. [London, W. T.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. RP Cohen, C (reprint author), Hepatitis B Fdn, 3805 Old Easton Rd, Doylestown, PA 18902 USA. EM chari@hepb.org FU California Pacific Medical Center FX Chari Cohen has served as an advisory board member for Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Chari Cohen owns stocks and shares in Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Carol Brosgart was an employee of Gilead Sciences, Inc. from June 1998 through July 1, 2009. Carol Brosgart owns stocks and shares in Gilead Sciences, Inc. Robert Gish has served as a speaker and consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Roche, and all payments are made to a research and educational fund at California Pacific Medical Center. NR 59 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1352-0504 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01401.x PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 755AJ UT WOS:000289898700001 PM 21143343 ER PT J AU Ma, Q Lu, AYH AF Ma, Qiang Lu, Anthony Y. H. TI Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Individualized Medicine SO PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID HUMAN UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; POLYMORPHISM MARKEDLY AFFECTS; BREAST-CANCER-TREATMENT; ADVERSE DRUG-REACTIONS; K EPOXIDE REDUCTASE; OATP-C SLC21A6; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; ALLELIC VARIANTS AB Individual variability in drug efficacy and drug safety is a major challenge in current clinical practice, drug development, and drug regulation. For more than 5 decades, studies of pharmacogenetics have provided ample examples of causal relations between genotypes and drug response to account for phenotypic variations of clinical importance in drug therapy. The convergence of pharmacogenetics and human genomics in recent years has dramatically accelerated the discovery of new genetic variations that potentially underlie variability in drug response, giving birth to pharmacogenomics. In addition to the rapid accumulation of knowledge on genome-disease and genome-drug interactions, there arises the hope of individualized medicine. Here we review recent progress in the understanding of genetic contributions to major individual variability in drug therapy with focus on genetic variations of drug target, drug metabolism, drug transport, disease susceptibility, and drug safety. Challenges to future pharmacogenomics and its translation into individualized medicine, drug development, and regulation are discussed. For example, knowledge on genetic determinants of disease pathogenesis and drug action, especially those of complex disease and drug response, is not always available. Relating the many gene variations from genomic sequencing to clinical phenotypes may not be straightforward. It is often very challenging to conduct large scale, prospective studies to establish causal associations between genetic variations and drug response or to evaluate the utility and cost-effectiveness of genomic medicine. Overcoming the obstacles holds promise for achieving the ultimate goal of effective and safe medication to targeted patients with appropriate genotypes. C1 [Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Lu, Anthony Y. H.] Rutgers State Univ, Ernest Mario Sch Pharm, Dept Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov NR 115 TC 151 Z9 161 U1 10 U2 73 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0031-6997 J9 PHARMACOL REV JI Pharmacol. Rev. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 63 IS 2 BP 437 EP 459 DI 10.1124/pr.110.003533 PG 23 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 754VI UT WOS:000289885400008 PM 21436344 ER PT J AU Yen, C Jakob, K Esona, MD Peckham, X Rausch, J Hull, JJ Whittier, S Gentsch, JR LaRussa, P AF Yen, Catherine Jakob, Kathleen Esona, Mathew D. Peckham, Ximara Rausch, John Hull, Jennifer J. Whittier, Susan Gentsch, Jon R. LaRussa, Philip TI Detection of fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine in infants following their first dose of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Gastroenteritis; Rotavirus; Vaccine ID SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; INFECTION; GASTROENTERITIS; VOLUNTEERS; CHILDREN; ILLNESS; ASSAY; WC3 AB Studies on rotavirus vaccine shedding and its potential transmission within households including immunocompromised individuals are needed to better define the potential risks and benefits of vaccination. We examined fecal shedding of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) for 9 days following the first dose of vaccine in infants between 6 and 12 weeks of age. Rotavirus antigen was detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and vaccine-type rotavirus was identified by nucleotide sequencing based on genetic relatedness to the RV5 VP6 gene. Stool from 22 (21.4%) of 103 children contained rotavirus antigen-positive specimens on >= 1 post-vaccination days. Rotavirus antigen was detected as early as post-vaccination day 3 and as late as day 9, with peak numbers of shedding on post-vaccination days 6 through 8. Vaccine-type rotavirus was detected in all 50 antigen-positive specimens and 8 of 8 antigen-negative specimens. Nine (75%) of 12 EIA-positive and 1 EIA-negative samples tested culture-positive for vaccine-type rotavirus. Fecal shedding of rotavirus vaccine virus after the first dose of RV5 occurred over a wide range of post-vaccination days not previously studied. These findings will help better define the potential for horizontal transmission of vaccine virus among immunocompromised household contacts of vaccinated infants for future studies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yen, Catherine; Jakob, Kathleen; Peckham, Ximara; Rausch, John; LaRussa, Philip] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Esona, Mathew D.; Hull, Jennifer J.; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Whittier, Susan] Columbia Univ, Dept Pathol & Cell Biol, New York, NY USA. RP LaRussa, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Black Bldg 4-433,630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM plarussa@columbia.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded by the Clinical Immunization and Safety Assessment (CISA) network through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 27 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 31 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 24 BP 4151 EP 4155 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.074 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 784RV UT WOS:000292176800011 PM 21477676 ER PT J AU Patterson, DG Welch, SM Turner, WE Sjodin, A Focant, JF AF Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Welch, Susan M. Turner, Wayman E. Sjoedin, Andreas Focant, Jean-Francois TI Cryogenic zone compression for the measurement of dioxins in human serum by isotope dilution at the attogram level using modulated gas chromatography coupled to high resolution magnetic sector mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography (ISCC)/7th GCxGC Symposium CY MAY 30-JUN 04, 2010 CL Riva del Garda, ITALY DE Cryogenic zone compression (CZC); Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC); High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS); Dioxins; DDE; BB153; Human serum; Dried-blood spot (DBS) ID GC X GC; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; THERMAL MODULATION; PESTICIDES; SEPARATION; OPTIMIZATION; ENHANCEMENT; FOODSTUFFS; AMPLITUDE; PCBS AB A liquid nitrogen jet-cooled thermal modulator dedicated to comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography has been mounted in a GC oven coupled to a high resolution magnetic sector mass spectrometry instrument. The data acquisition parameters of the slow double-focusing magnetic sector MS instrument have been optimized to accommodate the description of the narrow modulated GC peaks. Acquisition rates were increased to 20 Hz, while maintaining high mass resolution. Selected ion monitoring (SIM) descriptors, typically including several ions for both native and labeled analytes, were thus reduced to one or two to ensure enough MS cycle time. For maximization of the sensitivity enhancement due to cryogenic zone compression (CZC), the entire GC peak of interest was trapped and remobilized in one event. Optimization of the method resulted in the ability to detect low attogram (ag) amounts of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) (313 ag gives a S/N of 400:1), a level that had not yet been attained using classical GC-HRMS. An isotope-dilution calibration curve was constructed using C-13(12)-2,3,7,8-TCDD as the internal standard over the range of 500 ag/mu L to 35,000 ag/mu L. (R-2 = 0.9953). Analyses of a standard natural human reference serum-matrix NIST SRM 1589a containing 223 ag of 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD) (70% recovery rate assumed) resulted in a peak with a S/N of 188:1(4 sigma, m/z = 355.8546). Measurement of 2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl-1,1,1-trichloroethane) (DDE) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromobiphenyl (BB-153) in human dried-blood spot (DBS) samples is also reported to illustrate the usefulness of such a sensitive technique. Finally, some of the challenges related to sample preparation, blank levels, and to the fact of measuring of such a limited number of molecules (less than 600,000 TCDD molecules) are discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA 30143 USA. [Welch, Susan M.; Turner, Wayman E.; Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Focant, Jean-Francois] Univ Liege, Dept Chem, Mass Spectrometry Lab, CART, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. RP Patterson, DG (reprint author), EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, 172 Camelot Way,20198, Jasper, GA 30143 USA. EM donpatt@etcmail.com RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 27 PY 2011 VL 1218 IS 21 SI SI BP 3274 EP 3281 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.084 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 767UG UT WOS:000290883000022 PM 21112056 ER PT J AU Thigpen, MC Whitney, CG Messonnier, NE Zell, ER Lynfield, R Hadler, JL Harrison, LH Farley, MM Reingold, A Bennett, NM Craig, AS Schaffner, W Thomas, A Lewis, MM Scallan, E Schuchat, A AF Thigpen, Michael C. Whitney, Cynthia G. Messonnier, Nancy E. Zell, Elizabeth R. Lynfield, Ruth Hadler, James L. Harrison, Lee H. Farley, Monica M. Reingold, Arthur Bennett, Nancy M. Craig, Allen S. Schaffner, William Thomas, Ann Lewis, Melissa M. Scallan, Elaine Schuchat, Anne CA Emerging Infections Programs Netw TI Bacterial Meningitis in the United States, 1998-2007 SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; SURVEILLANCE; LISTERIOSIS; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ILLNESS; NETWORK; ADULTS AB BACKGROUND The rate of bacterial meningitis declined by 55% in the United States in the early 1990s, when the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine for infants was introduced. More recent prevention measures such as the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and universal screening of pregnant women for group B streptococcus (GBS) have further changed the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis. METHODS We analyzed data on cases of bacterial meningitis reported among residents in eight surveillance areas of the Emerging Infections Programs Network, consisting of approximately 17.4 million persons, during 1998-2007. We defined bacterial meningitis as the presence of H. influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, GBS, Listeria monocytogenes, or Neisseria meningitidis in cerebrospinal fluid or other normally sterile site in association with a clinical diagnosis of meningitis. RESULTS We identified 3188 patients with bacterial meningitis; of 3155 patients for whom outcome data were available, 466 (14.8%) died. The incidence of meningitis changed by -31% (95% confidence interval [CI], -33 to -29) during the surveillance period, from 2.00 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI, 1.85 to 2.15) in 1998-1999 to 1.38 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI 1.27 to 1.50) in 2006-2007. The median age of patients increased from 30.3 years in 1998-1999 to 41.9 years in 2006-2007 (P<0.001 by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The case fatality rate did not change significantly: it was 15.7% in 1998-1999 and 14.3% in 2006-2007 (P=0.50). Of the 1670 cases reported during 2003-2007, S. pneumoniae was the predominant infective species (58.0%), followed by GBS (18.1%), N. meningitidis (13.9%), H. influenzae (6.7%), and L. monocytogenes (3.4%). An estimated 4100 cases and 500 deaths from bacterial meningitis occurred annually in the United States during 2003-2007. CONCLUSIONS The rates of bacterial meningitis have decreased since 1998, but the disease still often results in death. With the success of pneumococcal and Hib conjugate vaccines in reducing the risk of meningitis among young children, the burden of bacterial meningitis is now borne more by older adults. (Funded by the Emerging Infections Programs, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) C1 [Thigpen, Michael C.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Zell, Elizabeth R.; Lewis, Melissa M.; Scallan, Elaine; Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hadler, James L.] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Craig, Allen S.; Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. RP Thigpen, MC (reprint author), 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mthigpen@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta FX Supported by the Emerging Infections Programs, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta. NR 32 TC 244 Z9 257 U1 3 U2 24 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 26 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 21 BP 2016 EP 2025 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 768QR UT WOS:000290952000006 PM 21612470 ER PT J AU Viner, K Johnson, CC Newbern, EC Dickman, B Dettinger, L Waller, K Sales, R Mitruka, K Magee, E Grant, J Manangan, L Yelk-Woodruff, R Ershova, J Metchock, B Bedell, D Avant, W Dohony, D Cropper, TC Haddad, M Jones, J Rosen, T Click, E Willis, M Abraham, B AF Viner, K. Johnson, C. C. Newbern, E. C. Dickman, B. Dettinger, L. Waller, K. Sales, R. Mitruka, K. Magee, E. Grant, J. Manangan, L. Yelk-Woodruff, R. Ershova, J. Metchock, B. Bedell, D. Avant, W. Dohony, D. Cropper, T. C. Haddad, M. Jones, J. Rosen, T. Click, E. Willis, M. Abraham, B. TI Assessment of Declines in Reported Tuberculosis Cases-Georgia and Pennsylvania, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 338-342, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Viner, K.; Johnson, C. C.; Newbern, E. C.; Dickman, B.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Dettinger, L.; Waller, K.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Sales, R.] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Click, E.; Willis, M.; Abraham, B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Viner, K (reprint author), Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 25 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 20 BP 2059 EP 2062 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 768AC UT WOS:000290901700009 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Tsai, J Zhao, GX Balluz, LS Gidding, SS AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Zhao, Guixiang Balluz, Lina S. Gidding, Samuel S. TI Serum Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and risk of death from cardiovascular diseases among US adults with diagnosed diabetes: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked mortality study SO CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lipids; lipoproteins; mortality; diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular diseases ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; NON-HDL CHOLESTEROL; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; LIPID-LEVELS; ASSOCIATION; WOMEN; MEN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Background: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) measures all atherogenic apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins and predicts risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The association of non-HDL-C with risk of death from CVD in diabetes is not well understood. This study assessed the hypothesis that, among adults with diabetes, non-HDL-C may be related to the risk of death from CVD. Methods: We analyzed data from 1,122 adults aged 20 years and older with diagnosed diabetes who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked mortality study (299 deaths from CVD according to underlying cause of death; median follow-up length, 12.4 years). Results: Compared to participants with serum non-HDL-C concentrations of 35 to 129 mg/dL, those with higher serum levels had a higher risk of death from total CVD: the RRs were 1.34 (95% CI: 0.75-2.39) and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.30-3.91) for non-HDL-C concentrations of 130-189 mg/dL and 190-403 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.003 for linear trend) after adjustment for demographic characteristics and selected risk factors. In subgroup analyses, significant linear trends were identified for the risk of death from ischemic heart disease: the RRs were 1.59 (95% CI: 0.76-3.32) and 2.50 (95% CI: 1.28-4.89) (P = 0.006 for linear trend), and stroke: the RRs were 3.37 (95% CI: 0.95-11.90) and 5.81 (95% CI: 1.96-17.25) (P = 0.001 for linear trend). Conclusions: In diabetics, higher serum non-HDL-C concentrations were significantly associated with increased risk of death from CVD. Our prospective data support the notion that reducing serum non-HDL-C concentrations may be beneficial in the prevention of excess death from CVD among affected adults. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gidding, Samuel S.] Alfred I DuPont Hosp Children, Nemours Cardiac Ctr, Wilmington, DE USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2840 J9 CARDIOVASC DIABETOL JI Cardiovasc. Diabetol. PD MAY 23 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 46 DI 10.1186/1475-2840-10-46 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 786JW UT WOS:000292304600001 PM 21605423 ER PT J AU Wasse, H Cardarelli, F De Staercke, C Hooper, C Veledar, E Guessous, I AF Wasse, Haimanot Cardarelli, Francesca De Staercke, Christine Hooper, Craig Veledar, Emir Guessous, Idris TI 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is inversely associated with serum MMP-9 in a cross-sectional study of African American ESRD patients SO BMC NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABDOMINAL AORTIC-ANEURYSM; VITAMIN-D; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CIRCULATING LEVELS; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; IN-VITRO; INFLAMMATION AB Background: Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration is inversely associated with peripheral arterial disease and hypertension. Vascular remodeling may play a role in this association, however, data relating vitamin D level to specific remodeling biomarkers among ESRD patients is sparse. We tested whether 25(OH)D concentration is associated with markers of vascular remodeling and inflammation in African American ESRD patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among ESRD patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis within Emory University-affiliated outpatient hemodialysis units. Demographic, clinical and dialysis treatment data were collected via direct patient interview and review of patients records at the time of enrollment, and each patient gave blood samples. Associations between 25(OH)D and biomarker concentrations were estimated in univariate analyses using Pearson's correlation coefficients and in multivariate analyses using linear regression models. 25(OH)D concentration was entered in multivariate linear regression models as a continuous variable and binary variable (< 15 ng/ml and >= 15 ng/ml). Adjusted estimate concentrations of biomarkers were compared between 25(OH) D groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, results were stratified by vascular access type. Results: Among 91 patients, mean (standard deviation) 25(OH)D concentration was 18.8 (9.6) ng/ml, and was low (< 15 ng/ml) in 43% of patients. In univariate analyses, low 25(OH) D was associated with lower serum calcium, higher serum phosphorus, and higher LDL concentrations. 25(OH) D concentration was inversely correlated with MMP-9 concentration (r = -0.29, p = 0.004). In multivariate analyses, MMP-9 concentration remained negatively associated with 25(OH) D concentration (P = 0.03) and anti-inflammatory IL-10 concentration positively correlated with 25(OH) D concentration (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Plasma MMP-9 and circulating 25(OH) D concentrations are significantly and inversely associated among ESRD patients. This finding may suggest a potential mechanism by which low circulating 25(OH) D functions as a cardiovascular risk factor. C1 [Wasse, Haimanot; Guessous, Idris] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wasse, Haimanot] Emory Univ, Div Nephrol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cardarelli, Francesca; Veledar, Emir] Emory Univ, Div Cardiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [De Staercke, Christine; Hooper, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guessous, Idris] Univ Hosp Geneva, Unit Populat Epidemiol, Div Primary Care Med, Dept Community Med Primary Care & Emergency Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Guessous, Idris] Univ Lausanne Hosp, Community Prevent Unit, Univ Inst Social & Prevent Med IUMSP, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Guessous, I (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM idris.guessous@chuv.ch RI Veledar, Emir/K-2808-2012; Wasse, Haimanot/A-5726-2013 OI Veledar, Emir/0000-0002-3831-5433; Wasse, Haimanot/0000-0001-5756-0242 FU NIH [DK65634]; Davita Clinical Research Grant; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR02008, KL2 RR025009, TL1 RR025010]; Swiss Foundation for Science [33CM30-124087] FX This study was supported by an NIH K23 Grant DK65634 (H.W.), a Davita Clinical Research Grant (H.W.), and a PHS Grant (UL1 RR02008, KL2 RR025009 or TL1 RR025010) from the Clinical and Translational Science Award program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources. Additional support (I.G.) was provided by a grant from the Swiss Foundation for Science (33CM30-124087). NR 31 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2369 J9 BMC NEPHROL JI BMC Nephrol. PD MAY 22 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 24 DI 10.1186/1471-2369-12-24 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 946NS UT WOS:000304359300002 PM 21600051 ER PT J AU Prabhu, VS Farnham, PG Hutchinson, AB Soorapanth, S Heffelfinger, JD Golden, MR Brooks, JT Rimland, D Sansom, SL AF Prabhu, Vimalanand S. Farnham, Paul G. Hutchinson, Angela B. Soorapanth, Sada Heffelfinger, James D. Golden, Matthew R. Brooks, John T. Rimland, David Sansom, Stephanie L. TI Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Screening in STD Clinics, Emergency Departments, and Inpatient Units: A Model-Based Analysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ADJUSTED LIFE-YEAR; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; INFECTED PERSONS; MEDICAL-CARE; STATES; TRANSMISSION; COHORT AB Background: Identifying and treating persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection early in their disease stage is considered an effective means of reducing the impact of the disease. We compared the cost-effectiveness of HIV screening in three settings, sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics serving men who have sex with men, hospital emergency departments (EDs), settings where patients are likely to be diagnosed early, and inpatient diagnosis based on clinical manifestations. Methods and Findings: We developed the Progression and Transmission of HIV/AIDS model, a health state transition model that tracks index patients and their infected partners from HIV infection to death. We used program characteristics for each setting to compare the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year gained from early versus late diagnosis and treatment. We ran the model for 10,000 index patients for each setting, examining alternative scenarios, excluding and including transmission to partners, and assuming HAART was initiated at a CD4 count of either 350 or 500 cells/mu L. Screening in STD clinics and EDs was cost-effective compared with diagnosing inpatients, even when including only the benefits to the index patients. Screening patients in STD clinics, who have less-advanced disease, was cost-effective compared with ED screening when treatment with HAART was initiated at a CD4 count of 500 cells/mu L. When the benefits of reduced transmission to partners from early diagnosis were included, screening in settings with less-advanced disease stages was cost-saving compared with screening later in the course of infection. The study was limited by a small number of observations on CD4 count at diagnosis and by including transmission only to first generation partners of the index patients. Conclusions: HIV prevention efforts can be advanced by screening in settings where patients present with less-advanced stages of HIV infection and by initiating treatment with HAART earlier in the course of infection. C1 [Prabhu, Vimalanand S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farnham, Paul G.; Hutchinson, Angela B.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Brooks, John T.; Sansom, Stephanie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soorapanth, Sada] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Publ Health Seattle & King Cty STD Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STD, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rimland, David] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Specialty Serv Line RIM 111, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Rimland, David] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Prabhu, VS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pgf1@cdc.gov OI Soorapanth, Sada/0000-0002-0644-9082 NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 AR e19936 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019936 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 766OI UT WOS:000290793400020 PM 21625489 ER PT J AU Mirza, AM Aguilar, HC Zhu, QY Mahon, PJ Rota, PA Lee, B Iorio, RM AF Mirza, Anne M. Aguilar, Hector C. Zhu, Qiyun Mahon, Paul J. Rota, Paul A. Lee, Benhur Iorio, Ronald M. TI Triggering of the Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein by a Chimeric Attachment Protein That Binds to Nipah Virus Receptors SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE GLYCOPROTEIN; REPORTER GENE ACTIVATION; HENDRA-VIRUS; CELL-FUSION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HN PROTEIN; FUNCTIONAL INTERACTION; PARAMYXOVIRUS FUSION; MEMBRANE-FUSION; VIRAL ENTRY AB The fusion (F) proteins of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are both triggered by binding to receptors, mediated in both viruses by a second protein, the attachment protein. However, the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) attachment protein of NDV recognizes sialic acid receptors, whereas the NiV G attachment protein recognizes ephrinB2/B3 as receptors. Chimeric proteins composed of domains from the two attachment proteins have been evaluated for fusion-promoting activity with each F protein. Chimeras having NiV G-derived globular domains and NDV HN-derived stalks, transmembranes, and cytoplasmic tails are efficiently expressed, bind ephrinB2, and trigger NDV F to promote fusion in Vero cells. Thus, the NDV F protein can be triggered by binding to the NiV receptor, indicating that an aspect of the triggering cascade induced by the binding of HN to sialic acid is conserved in the binding of NiV G to ephrinB2. However, the fusion cascade for triggering NiV F by the G protein and that of triggering NDV F by the chimeras can be distinguished by differential exposure of a receptor-induced conformational epitope. The enhanced exposure of this epitope marks the triggering of NiV F by NiV G but not the triggering of NDV F by the chimeras. Thus, the triggering cascade for NiV G-F fusion may be more complex than that of NDV HN and F. This is consistent with the finding that reciprocal chimeras having NDV HN-derived heads and NiV G-derived stalks, transmembranes, and tails do not trigger either F protein for fusion, despite efficient cell surface expression and receptor binding. C1 [Mirza, Anne M.; Zhu, Qiyun; Mahon, Paul J.; Iorio, Ronald M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Physiol Syst, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Iorio, Ronald M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Immunol & Virol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Aguilar, Hector C.; Lee, Benhur] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Iorio, RM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Physiol Syst, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM ronald.iorio@umassmed.edu RI Lee, Benhur/A-8554-2016 OI Lee, Benhur/0000-0003-0760-1709 FU National Institutes of Health [AI49268]; Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases [U54 AI065359] FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant AI49268 (to R. M. I.), a subproject of U19 Grant AI057319 (to the University of Massachusetts Center for Translational Research on Human Immunology and Biodefense), and AI069317 (to B. L.). This work was also supported by Subproject Award U54 AI065359 from the Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases. NR 42 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 20 BP 17851 EP 17860 DI 10.1074/jbc.M111.233965 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 763UM UT WOS:000290585200048 PM 21460213 ER PT J AU Schenker, N Parsons, VL Lochner, KA Wheatcroft, G Pamuk, ER AF Schenker, Nathaniel Parsons, Van L. Lochner, Kimberly A. Wheatcroft, Gloria Pamuk, Elsie R. TI Estimating standard errors for life expectancies based on complex survey data with mortality follow-up: A case study using the National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality Files SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE balanced repeated replication; health disparity; life table; sample survey; Taylor series; variance estimation ID LONGITUDINAL MORTALITY; EDUCATION AB Life expectancy is an important measure for health research and policymaking. Linking individual survey records to mortality data can overcome limitations in vital statistics data used to examine differential mortality by permitting the construction of death rates based on information collected from respondents at the time of interview and facilitating estimation of life expectancies for subgroups of interest. However, use of complex survey data linked to mortality data can complicate the estimation of standard errors. This paper presents a case study of approaches to variance estimation for life expectancies based on life tables, using the National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality Files. The approaches considered include application of Chiang's traditional method, which is straightforward but does not account for the complex design features of the data; balanced repeated replication (BRR), which is more complicated but accounts more fully for the design features; and compromise, 'hybrid' approaches, which can be less difficult to implement than BRR but still account partially for the design features. Two tentative conclusions are drawn. First, it is important to account for the effects of the complex sample design, at least within life-table age intervals. Second, accounting for the effects within age intervals but not across age intervals, as is done by the hybrid methods, can yield reasonably accurate estimates of standard errors, especially for subgroups of interest with more homogeneous characteristics among their members. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Schenker, Nathaniel; Parsons, Van L.; Lochner, Kimberly A.; Wheatcroft, Gloria; Pamuk, Elsie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Schenker, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM nschenker@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1302 EP 1311 DI 10.1002/sim.4219 PG 10 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA 762IP UT WOS:000290470100010 PM 21432895 ER PT J AU Halpern, MT Haber, SG Tangka, FK Howard, DH Richardson, LC Sabatino, SA Sujha, S AF Halpern, M. T. Haber, S. G. Tangka, F. K. Howard, D. H. Richardson, L. C. Sabatino, S. A. Sujha, S. TI Changes in Medicaid reimbursements for cancer screening: Keeping pace with inflation? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RTI Int, Washington, DC USA. RTI Int, Waltham, MA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC EARB, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 15 SU S MA 6043 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V31JQ UT WOS:000208880301756 PM 28021899 ER PT J AU Underwood, JM Rim, SH Tai, E Fairley, T AF Underwood, J. M. Rim, S. H. Tai, E. Fairley, T. TI The risk of subsequent malignancies in cervical cancer survivors as compared with breast and colorectal cancer survivors: United States 1992-2007. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 15 SU S MA 9043 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V31JQ UT WOS:000208880302474 PM 28021634 ER PT J AU Wheeler, SB Wu, Y Meyer, A Carpenter, WR Richardson, LC Smith, JL Lewis, MA Weiner, B AF Wheeler, S. B. Wu, Y. Meyer, A. Carpenter, W. R. Richardson, L. C. Smith, J. L. Lewis, M. A. Weiner, B. TI Use of radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery among Medicaid recipients with early-stage breast cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RI Carpenter, William/E-5125-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 15 SU S MA 6097 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V31JQ UT WOS:000208880300772 PM 28022418 ER PT J AU Cocoros, NM Zipprich, J Kuhles, D Rausch-Phung, E Schulte, CR Blog, DS Lurie, P Wiseman, R Kroll, C DeBolt, C Kutty, PK Redd, SB Barskey, AE Rota, JS Rota, PA Armstrong, GL Bellini, WJ Gallagher, KM Mahamud, AS AF Cocoros, N. M. Zipprich, J. Kuhles, D. Rausch-Phung, E. Schulte, C. R. Blog, D. S. Lurie, P. Wiseman, R. Kroll, C. DeBolt, C. Kutty, P. K. Redd, S. B. Barskey, A. E. Rota, J. S. Rota, P. A. Armstrong, G. L. Bellini, W. J. Gallagher, K. M. Mahamud, A. S. TI Measles Imported by Returning U.S. Travelers Aged 6-23 Months, 2001-2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 397-400, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Kutty, P. K.; Redd, S. B.; Barskey, A. E.; Rota, J. S.; Rota, P. A.; Armstrong, G. L.; Bellini, W. J.; Gallagher, K. M.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cocoros, N. M.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zipprich, J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Rausch-Phung, E.; Schulte, C. R.; Blog, D. S.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Lurie, P.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Wiseman, R.] Texas Dept State Hlth Svcs, Austin, TX USA. [Kroll, C.] Clark Cty Publ Hlth, Vancouver, WA USA. [DeBolt, C.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Kutty, PK (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pkutty@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 18 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 19 BP 1954 EP 1956 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 764WO UT WOS:000290665500010 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Liu, Y Perry, GS Croft, JB AF Wheaton, A. G. Liu, Y. Perry, G. S. Croft, J. B. TI Effect of Short Sleep Duration on Daily Activities-United States, 2005-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 239-242, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Wheaton, A. G.; Liu, Y.; Perry, G. S.; Croft, J. B.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 18 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 19 BP 1956 EP 1958 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 764WO UT WOS:000290665500011 ER PT J AU Rakhmanina, N Hader, S Denson, A Gaur, A Mitchell, C Henderson, S Paul, M Barton, T Herbert-Grant, M Perez, E Malachowski, J Dominguez, K Danner, S Nesheim, S Ivy, W Iuliano, D AF Rakhmanina, N. Hader, S. Denson, A. Gaur, A. Mitchell, C. Henderson, S. Paul, M. Barton, T. Herbert-Grant, M. Perez, E. Malachowski, J. Dominguez, K. Danner, S. Nesheim, S. Ivy, W. Iuliano, D. TI Premastication of Food by Caregivers of HIV-Exposed Children-Nine U.S. Sites, 2009-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 273-275, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INFECTION; INFANTS C1 [Rakhmanina, N.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Hader, S.; Denson, A.] Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Gaur, A.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Mitchell, C.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Henderson, S.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Paul, M.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Barton, T.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Herbert-Grant, M.] Univ Hosp, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Perez, E.] Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Malachowski, J.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Dominguez, K.; Danner, S.; Nesheim, S.] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ivy, W.; Iuliano, D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rakhmanina, N (reprint author), Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 18 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 19 BP 1958 EP 1962 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 764WO UT WOS:000290665500012 ER PT J AU Wilkie, M McGivern, T Skeels, M DeBess, E Progulske, BA Cieslak, PR Brouillard, K Gage, KL Griffith, K Petersen, JM Tourdjman, M AF Wilkie, M. McGivern, T. Skeels, M. DeBess, E. Progulske, B. A. Cieslak, P. R. Brouillard, K. Gage, K. L. Griffith, K. Petersen, J. M. Tourdjman, M. TI Notes from the Field: Two Cases of Human Plague-Oregon, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 214, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Wilkie, M.] Lake Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Lakeview, OR 97630 USA. [McGivern, T.; Skeels, M.] Oregon State Publ Hlth Lab, Hillsboro, OR USA. [Brouillard, K.] Spokane Reg Hlth Dist Publ Hlth Lab, Spokane, WA USA. [Tourdjman, M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wilkie, M (reprint author), Lake Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Lakeview, OR 97630 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 18 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 19 BP 1962 EP 1962 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 764WO UT WOS:000290665500013 ER PT J AU Miller, BL Kretsinger, K Euler, GL Lu, PJ Ahmed, F AF Miller, Brady L. Kretsinger, Katrina Euler, Gary L. Lu, Peng-Jun Ahmed, Faruque TI Barriers to early uptake of tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) among adults-United States, 2005-2007 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Vaccine; Adult; Pertussis; Tdap ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; NOSOCOMIAL PERTUSSIS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; YOUNG INFANTS; ADOLESCENTS; INFLUENZA; COSTS; STRATEGIES; KNOWLEDGE AB Background: The tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) was recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for U.S. adults in 2005. Our objective was to identify barriers to early uptake of Tdap among adult populations. Methods: The 2007 National Immunization Survey (NIS)-Adult was a telephone survey sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Immunization information was collected for persons aged >= 18 years on all ACIP-recommended vaccines. A weighted analysis accounted for the complex survey design and non-response. Results: Overall, 3.6% of adults aged 18-64 years reported receipt of a Tdap vaccination. Of unvaccinated respondents, 18.8% had heard of Tdap, of which 9.4% reported that a healthcare provider had recommended it. A low perceived risk of contracting pertussis was the single most common reason for either not vaccinating with Tdap or being unwilling to do so (44.7%). Most unvaccinated respondents (81.8%) indicated a willingness to receive Tdap if it was recommended by a provider. Conclusions: During the first two years of availability, Tdap uptake was likely inhibited by a low collective awareness of Tdap and a low perceived risk of contracting pertussis among U.S. adults, as well as a paucity of provider-to-patient vaccination recommendations. Significant potential exists for improved coverage, as many adults were receptive to vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Miller, Brady L.; Euler, Gary L.; Lu, Peng-Jun; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kretsinger, Katrina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ion2@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Contributions: Mr. Miller had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. All authors have approved the final manuscript. Miller, Kretsinger, Euler, Lu, and Ahmed contributed to study concept and design. Euler and Lu helped in the acquisition of the data and Miller and Ahmed in the analysis and interpretation of the data. Drafting of the manuscript was done by Miller and Statistical analysis by Miller and Ahmed. Ahmed and Euler supervised the study and along with Kretsinger and Lu lent administrative, technical or material support. All of them helped in critical revision of the manuscript. Financial disclosures: None reported. Conflict of interest: None reported. Funding/support: This work was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Role of the sponsor: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 17 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 22 BP 3850 EP 3856 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.058 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 774FP UT WOS:000291370900008 PM 21459173 ER PT J AU Gustin, KM Belser, JA Wadford, DA Pearce, MB Katz, JM Tumpey, TM Maines, TR AF Gustin, Kortney M. Belser, Jessica A. Wadford, Debra A. Pearce, Melissa B. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. Maines, Taronna R. TI Influenza virus aerosol exposure and analytical system for ferrets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID H5N1 VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION MODEL; EXHALED BREATH; GUINEA-PIG; INFECTION; PATHOGENESIS; HUMANS; MICE; INHALATION; OUTBREAK AB Understanding the transmission ability of newly emerging influenza viruses is central to the development of public health preparedness and prevention strategies. Animals are used to model influenza virus infection and transmission, but the routinely used intranasal inoculation of a liquid virus suspension does not reflect natural infection. We report the development of an inoculation method that delivers an influenza virus aerosol inoculum to ferrets and the characterization of size distribution and viable virus present in aerosols shed from infected ferrets during normal breathing and sneezing. By comparing virus deposition, infectivity, virulence, and transmissibility among animals inoculated intranasally or by aerosols with a human (H3N2) or avian (H5N1) influenza virus, we demonstrate that aerosol inoculations more closely resemble a natural, airborne influenza virus infection and that viable virus is measurable in droplets and droplet nuclei exhaled by infected ferrets. These methods will provide improved risk assessment of emerging influenza viruses that pose a threat to public health. C1 [Gustin, Kortney M.; Belser, Jessica A.; Wadford, Debra A.; Pearce, Melissa B.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Maines, Taronna R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Maines, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TMaines@cdc.gov RI Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The authors thank Vic Veguilla for statistical expertise, Justin Hartings for technical review of the manuscript, and the Centers for Disease Control Animal Resources Branch for exceptional animal care. K. Gustin is supported by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 30 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 17 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 20 BP 8432 EP 8437 DI 10.1073/pnas.1100768108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 765OZ UT WOS:000290719600070 PM 21536880 ER PT J AU Colacino, JA Soliman, AS Calafat, AM Nahar, MS Van Zomeren-Dohm, A Hablas, A Seifeldin, IA Rozek, LS Dolinoy, DC AF Colacino, Justin A. Soliman, Amr S. Calafat, Antonia M. Nahar, Muna S. Van Zomeren-Dohm, Adrienne Hablas, Ahmed Seifeldin, Ibrahim A. Rozek, Laura S. Dolinoy, Dana C. TI Exposure to phthalates among premenstrual girls from rural and urban Gharbiah, Egypt: A pilot exposure assessment study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; URINARY LEVELS; PVC GLOVES; METABOLITES; POPULATION; PRODUCTS; QUALITY; RATS AB Background: Phthalates have been identified as endocrine active compounds associated with developmental and reproductive toxicity. The exposure to phthalates in premenstrual Egyptian females remains unknown. The objective of this study was to characterize phthalate exposure of a potentially vulnerable population of premenstrual girls from urban and rural Egypt. Materials and methods: We collected one spot urine sample from 60 10-13 year old females, 30 from rural Egypt, and 30 from urban Egypt from July to October 2009. Samples were analyzed for 11 phthalate metabolites. Additionally, we collected anthropometrics as well as questionnaire data concerning food storage behaviors, cooking practices, and cosmetic use. Phthalate metabolite concentrations were compared between urban and rural Egyptians as well as to age and gender matched Americans. Results: Monoethyl phthalate (MEP), was detected at the highest concentration in urine of Egyptian girls (median: 43.2 ng/mL in rural, 98.8 ng/mL in urban). Concentrations of urinary metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate were comparable between Egyptians and age matched US girls. Storage of food in plastic containers was a statistically significant predictor of urinary mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) concentrations when comparing covariate adjusted means. Conclusions: Urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites were similar in Egyptian and US populations, suggesting that phthalate exposure also occurs in developing nations. Dietary intake is likely an important route of exposure to phthalates in both urban and rural populations. C1 [Colacino, Justin A.; Nahar, Muna S.; Van Zomeren-Dohm, Adrienne; Rozek, Laura S.; Dolinoy, Dana C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Colacino, Justin A.; Soliman, Amr S.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Global Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Soliman, Amr S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hablas, Ahmed; Seifeldin, Ibrahim A.] Tanta Canc Ctr, Gharbiah, Egypt. [Hablas, Ahmed; Seifeldin, Ibrahim A.] Gharbiah Canc Soc, Gharbiah, Egypt. RP Dolinoy, DC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM ddolinoy@umich.edu FU University of Michigan NIEHS P30 Core Center [P30 ES017885]; NIH [ES017524]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH [T32 ES07062]; University of Michigan Cancer [R25 CA112383] FX This work was supported the University of Michigan NIEHS P30 Core Center (P30 ES017885), with generous support from the UM School of Public Health (SPH) and the SPH Department of Environmental Health Sciences. Support for DCD and LSR was provided by NIH grant ES017524. Support for JAC and MN was provided by an Institutional Training Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH (T32 ES07062) and the University of Michigan Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations Program (R25 CA112383). We acknowledge Manori Silva, Ella Samandar, and Jim Preau for measuring the urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and Stacy Endres at NIEHS for her effort in part of the data collection. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD MAY 16 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 40 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-10-40 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 776SZ UT WOS:000291559500001 PM 21575223 ER PT J AU Oster, AM Wiegand, RE Sionean, C Miles, IJ Thomas, PE Melendez-Morales, L Le, BC Millett, GA AF Oster, Alexandra M. Wiegand, Ryan E. Sionean, Catlainn Miles, Isa J. Thomas, Peter E. Melendez-Morales, Lehida Le, Binh C. Millett, Gregorio A. TI Understanding disparities in HIV infection between black and white MSM in the United States SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE blacks/African-Americans; HIV risk; HIV/AIDS; homosexual; MSM; race/ethnicity; United States ID BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; YOUNG MEN; RISK BEHAVIORS; MALE CIRCUMCISION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; LOS-ANGELES; SEX; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION AB Objective: We evaluated several hypotheses for disparities in HIV infection between black and white MSM in the United States, including incarceration, partner HIV status, circumcision, sexual networks, and duration of infectiousness. Design: The 2008 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS), a cross-sectional survey conducted in 21 US cities. Methods: MSM were interviewed and tested for HIV infection. For MSM not previously diagnosed with HIV infection, we used logistic regression to test associations between newly diagnosed HIV infection and incarceration history, partner HIV status, circumcision status, and sexual networks (older partners, concurrency, and partner risk behaviors). For HIV-infected MSM, we assessed factors related to duration of infectiousness. Results: Among 5183 MSM not previously diagnosed with HIV infection, incarceration history, circumcision status, and sexual networks were not independently associated with HIV infection. Having HIV-infected partners [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-3.0] or partners of unknown status (AOR = 1.4, CI = 1.1-1.7) were associated with HIV infection. Of these two factors, only one was more common among black MSM - having partners of unknown HIV status. Among previously diagnosed HIV-positive MSM, black MSM were less likely to be on anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Conclusion: Less knowledge of partner HIV status and lower ART use among black MSM may partially explain differences in HIV infection between black and white MSM. Efforts to encourage discussions about HIV status between MSM and their partners and decrease barriers to ART provision among black MSM may decrease transmission. (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Oster, Alexandra M.; Wiegand, Ryan E.; Sionean, Catlainn; Miles, Isa J.; Thomas, Peter E.; Melendez-Morales, Lehida; Le, Binh C.; Millett, Gregorio A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Le, Binh C.] Northrop Grumman Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oster, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AOster@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1103 EP 1112 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283471efa PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 758FB UT WOS:000290145800010 PM 21505305 ER PT J AU Breen, N Gentleman, JF Schiller, JS AF Breen, Nancy Gentleman, Jane F. Schiller, Jeannine S. TI Update on Mammography Trends Comparisons of Rates in 2000, 2005, and 2008 SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cancer screening; mammography; early detection of breast cancer; Healthy People objective; National Health Interview Survey ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; BREAST-CANCER; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; HORMONE-THERAPY; WOMEN; BENEFITS; 40S; AGE AB BACKGROUND: Mammography screening allows for the early detection of breast cancer, which helps reduce mortality from breast cancer, especially in women aged 50 to 69 years. For this report, the authors updated a previous analysis of trends in mammography using newly available data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). METHODS: NHIS data from 2008 were used to update trends in rates of US women who had a mammogram within the 2 years before their interview, and 2 methods of calculating rates were compared. The authors focused particularly on the 2000, 2005, and 2008 mammography rates for women aged >= 40 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 64 years, and >= 65 years according to selected sociodemographic and healthcare access characteristics. RESULTS: For women aged 50 to 64 years and >= 65 years, the patterns were similar: Rates rose rapidly from 1987 to 2000, declined, or were stable and then declined, from 2000 to 2005, and increased from 2005 to 2008. Rates for women aged 40 to 49 years rose rapidly from 1987 to 1992 and were relatively stable through 2008. There were large increases in mammography rates among immigrants who had been in the United States for < 10 years, non-Hispanic Asian women, and women aged >= 65 years who were without ambulatory care insurance. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, mammography rates did not continue to decline between 2005 and 2008. Even so, in 2008, the percentage of women aged >= 40 years who had a recent mammogram fell below the Healthy People 2010 objective of 70%, which was met in 2000. However, women aged 50 to 64 years exceeded the Healthy People objective in 2000, 2005, and 2008; and some groups with very low mammography rates currently are catching up. These are important public health achievements. Cancer 2011; 117: 2209-18. (C) 2010 American Cancer Society. C1 [Breen, Nancy] NCI, Hlth Serv, Rockville, MD USA. [Breen, Nancy] NCI, Econ Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Studies,NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Gentleman, Jane F.; Schiller, Jeannine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Breen, N (reprint author), Execut Plaza N,Suite 4500,6130 Execut Blvd,MSC 73, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM breenn@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 26 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 10 BP 2209 EP 2218 DI 10.1002/cncr.25679 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 758JQ UT WOS:000290161100024 PM 21523735 ER PT J AU Birlea, M Arendt, G Orhan, E Schmid, DS Bellini, WJ Schmidt, C Gilden, D Cohrs, RJ AF Birlea, Marius Arendt, Gabriele Orhan, Eser Schmid, D. Scott Bellini, William J. Schmidt, Christian Gilden, Don Cohrs, Randall J. TI Subclinical reactivation of varicella zoster virus in all stages of HIV infection SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE VZV; HIV; Subclinical reactivation; CSF; Intrathecal synthesis ID VZV IGG ANTIBODY; HERPES-ZOSTER; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SINE HERPETE; CSF; COMPLICATIONS; BRAIN AB Analysis of 200 paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 180 HIV-positive individuals, 136 of whom had AIDS, revealed intrathecal synthesis of antibodies specific for varicella zoster virus (VZV) in 28 (16%) individuals, measles virus in 15 (8%), herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) in 1 (0.6%), and HSV-2 in none. Of the 28 subjects with a positive VZV antibody specificity index, only 1 had zoster rash at the time of serum and CSF sampling; of the total 180 HIV-positive subjects, 146(81%) had no history of zoster. Based on an estimated 33.4 million HIV-positive individuals worldwide, subclinical reactivation of VZV in even less than 16% of HIV-positive people suggests the possibility that millions of people have active VZV infection of the central nervous system. In cases of VZV vasculopathy, myelopathy and even zoster sine herpete, the CSF is often positive for anti-VZV antibody, but negative for VZV DNA. To rule out VZV infection of the nervous system, CSF must be tested for VZV DNA and anti-VZV IgG and IgM antibody. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Birlea, Marius; Gilden, Don; Cohrs, Randall J.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Arendt, Gabriele; Orhan, Eser; Schmidt, Christian] Univ Dusseldorf, Dept Neurol, Fac Med, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Schmid, D. Scott; Bellini, William J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Mail Stop B182,12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM don.gilden@ucdenver.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AG006127, AG032958] FX This work was supported in part by Public Health Service grants AG006127 and AG032958 from the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank Marina Hoffman for editorial review and Cathy Allen for manuscript preparation. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 304 IS 1-2 BP 22 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2011.02.030 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 757GD UT WOS:000290072600004 PM 21419427 ER PT J AU Beall, BW Gertz, RE Hulkower, RL Whitney, CG Moore, MR Brueggemann, AB AF Beall, Bernard W. Gertz, Robert E. Hulkower, Rachel L. Whitney, Cynthia G. Moore, Matthew R. Brueggemann, Angela B. TI Shifting Genetic Structure of Invasive Serotype 19A Pneumococci in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; 7-VALENT CONJUGATE VACCINE; BINDING PROTEIN GENES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; CHILDREN; CLONES; EMERGENCE; CARRIAGE; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. Following 7-valent conjugate vaccine introduction in the United States in 2000, invasive serotype (sero19A) pneumococcal disease (IPD) emerged rapidly. Sero19A IPD incidence increased slightly during 2005-2008 (from 2.3 cases to 2.5 cases per 100,000 population), whereas sero19A penicillin resistance (defined as a minimum inhibitor concentration [MIC] >= 2 mu g/mL) increased significantly (from 28.7% to 43.7%). To better understand changes, we characterized sero19A isolates recovered during 2004-2008. Methods. We performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing on all 2767 sero19A IPD isolates identified through the Centers for Disease Control Active Bacterial Core surveillance during 2004-2008. We genotyped 1804 (96.3%) of 1874 sero19A isolates recovered during 2005-2007 and all 148 year 2008 sero19A isolates from children < 5 years of age. Results. Resistant clonal complex (CC) 320/271(19A) increased from 20.9% (115 of 550) to 32.9% (208 of 633; P < .001) of IPD isolates during 2005-2007, which paralleled increased sero19A penicillin resistance (from 28.7% [163 of 567 isolates] to 39.5% [261 of 661 isolates]; P < .001). Total IPD due to 320/271(19A) increased during 2005-2007 and increased from 2.1 to 3.6 cases per 100,000 population during 2005-2008 in children < 5 years of age. The penicillin-susceptible/intermediate, putative vaccine-escape CC695(19A) increased from 7.5% (41 of 550) to 13.6% (85 of 633) of sero19A isolates during 2005-2007 (P = .002). Conclusions. Sero19A rates may have plateaued; however, clonal shifts are increasing resistance. Increased IPD caused by CC320/271(19A) and CC695(19A) could reflect additional selective advantages in addition to resistance. C1 [Beall, Bernard W.; Gertz, Robert E.; Hulkower, Rachel L.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brueggemann, Angela B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. RP Beall, BW (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov OI Brueggemann, Angela/0000-0002-2329-1934 FU CDC; CDC Antimicrobial Working Group; National Vaccine Program Office FX This project was funded by the CDC's Emerging Infections Program, the CDC Antimicrobial Working Group, and the National Vaccine Program Office. NR 32 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 10 BP 1360 EP 1368 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir052 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 754FC UT WOS:000289838800003 PM 21398395 ER PT J AU Hamilton, KW Abt, PL Rosenbach, MA Bleicher, MB Levine, MS Mehta, J Montgomery, SP Hasz, RD Bono, BR Tetzlaff, MT Mildiner-Early, S Introcaso, CE Blumberg, EA AF Hamilton, Keith W. Abt, Peter L. Rosenbach, Misha A. Bleicher, Melissa B. Levine, Marc S. Mehta, Jimish Montgomery, Susan P. Hasz, Richard D. Bono, Bartholomew R. Tetzlaff, Michael T. Mildiner-Early, Shirly Introcaso, Camille E. Blumberg, Emily A. TI Donor-Derived Strongyloides stercoralis Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Strongyloidiasis; Hyperinfection syndrome; Donor-derived infection; Renal transplant; Steroid preconditioning ID HYPERINFECTION SYNDROME; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANT; PARENTERAL IVERMECTIN; ALLOGRAFT; TRANSMISSION; FAILURE; PATIENT; TRIAL AB Background. Donor-derived Strongyloides stercoralis infection occurs rarely after transplantation, and the risk factors are not well understood. We present cases of two renal allograft recipients who developed Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome after receipt of organs from a common deceased donor who received high-dose steroids as part of a preconditioning regimen. Methods. The two renal transplant patients who developed Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome are reported in case study format with review of the literature. Results. Microscopic examination of stool from one renal transplant patient and of tracheal and gastric aspirates from the other transplant patient revealed evidence of S. stercoralis larvae. Retrospective testing of serum from the deceased donor for Strongyloides antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was positive at 11.7 U/mL (Centers for Disease Control reference >1.7 U/mL positive). One patient was treated successfully with oral ivermectin. The other patient also had complete resolution of strongyloidiasis, but required a course of parenteral ivermectin because of malabsorption from severe gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis. Conclusions. These case studies provide some of the best evidence of transmission of S. stercoralis by renal transplantation. Because of the high risk of hyperinfection syndrome and its associated morbidity and mortality, high-risk donors and recipients should be screened for Strongyloides infection, so that appropriate treatment can be initiated before the development of disease. This study indicates that parenteral ivermectin can be used safely and effectively in patients in whom severe malabsorption would preclude the effective use of oral formulation. These cases also suggest that reconsideration should be given for the safety of steroids in donor-preconditioning regimens. C1 [Hamilton, Keith W.; Blumberg, Emily A.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Abt, Peter L.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Transplant Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Rosenbach, Misha A.; Introcaso, Camille E.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bleicher, Melissa B.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Renal Electrolyte & Hypertens, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Levine, Marc S.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Gastrointestinal Div, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mehta, Jimish] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Pharm, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Montgomery, Susan P.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hasz, Richard D.] Gift Life Donor Program, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Bono, Bartholomew R.] Albert Einstein Healthcare Syst, Dept Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Tetzlaff, Michael T.] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mildiner-Early, Shirly] Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Hamilton, KW (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 3400 Spruce St,3 Silverstein Bldg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM Keith.hamilton@uphs.upenn.edu NR 30 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 91 IS 9 BP 1019 EP 1024 DI 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182115b7b PG 6 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 753KT UT WOS:000289773000016 PM 21358367 ER PT J AU Flenady, V Middleton, P Smith, GC Duke, W Erwich, JJ Khong, TY Neilson, J Ezzati, M Koopmans, L Ellwood, D Fretts, R Froen, JF AF Flenady, Vicki Middleton, Philippa Smith, Gordon C. Duke, Wes Erwich, Jan Jaap Khong, T. Yee Neilson, Jim Ezzati, Majid Koopmans, Laura Ellwood, David Fretts, Ruth Froen, J. Frederik CA Lancet's Stillbirths Series Steeri TI Stillbirths 5 Stillbirths: the way forward in high-income countries SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; FETAL-DEATH; GESTATIONAL-AGE; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; NORTHERN-IRELAND; NEONATAL DEATHS AB Stillbirth rates in high-income countries declined dramatically from about 1940, but this decline has slowed or stalled over recent times. The present variation in stillbirth rates across and within high-income countries indicates that further reduction in stillbirth is possible. Large disparities (linked to disadvantage such as poverty) in stillbirth rates need to be addressed by providing more educational opportunities and improving living conditions for women. Placental pathologies and infection associated with preterm birth are linked to a substantial proportion of stillbirths. The proportion of unexplained stillbirths associated with under investigation continues to impede efforts in stillbirth prevention. Overweight, obesity, and smoking are important modifiable risk factors for stillbirth, and advanced maternal age is also an increasingly prevalent risk factor. Intensified efforts are needed to ameliorate the effects of these factors on stillbirth rates. Culturally appropriate preconception care and quality antenatal care that is accessible to all women has the potential to reduce stillbirth rates in high-income countries. Implementation of national perinatal mortality audit programmes aimed at improving the quality of care could substantially reduce stillbirths. Better data on numbers and causes of stillbirth are needed, and international consensus on definition and classification related to stillbirth is a priority. All parents should be offered a thorough investigation including a high-quality autopsy and placental histopathology. Parent organisations are powerful change agents and could have an important role in raising awareness to prevent stillbirth. Future research must focus on screening and interventions to reduce antepartum stillbirth as a result of placental dysfunction. Identification of ways to reduce maternal overweight and obesity is a high priority for high-income countries. C1 [Flenady, Vicki] Mater Med Res Inst, Mater Hlth Serv, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Flenady, Vicki] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Flenady, Vicki] Int Stillbirth Alliance, Baltimore, MD USA. [Middleton, Philippa] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Smith, Gordon C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Cambridge, England. [Duke, Wes] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erwich, Jan Jaap] Univ Groningen, Dept Obstet, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Erwich, Jan Jaap] Fdn Perinatal Audit Netherlands, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Khong, T. Yee] Womens & Childrens Hosp, SA Pathol, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Neilson, Jim] Univ Liverpool, Cochrane Pregnancy & Childbirth Grp, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ezzati, Majid] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, MRC HPA Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England. [Ellwood, David] Canberra Hosp, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Ellwood, David] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Med, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Fretts, Ruth] Harvard Vanguard Med Associates, Wellesley, MA USA. [Froen, J. Frederik] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. RP Flenady, V (reprint author), Mater Med Res Inst, Mater Hlth Serv, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. EM Vicki.Flenady@mmri.mater.org.au RI Froen, J. Frederik/C-3271-2009; Smith, Gordon/A-8070-2008; Flenady, Vicki/O-9609-2014; OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0003-2124-0997; Froen Froen, Jahn Frederik/0000-0001-9390-8509 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; International Stillbirth Alliance; Norwegian Institute of Public Health FX We thank the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for a grant to support this work to the International Stillbirth Alliance administered by the Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Additionally, we thank the International Stillbirth Alliance and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health for seed funding to support meetings of the steering committee. We thank the following for technical support: Dominique Rossouw, Madeleine Elder, and, Elizabeth Flenady for literature searching and reference management, Kristen Gibbons for statistical advice, and Glenda Hawley, Teresa Walsh, Shelley Wilkinson, and Ann Kingsbury for providing feedback on the report. We thank Janet Scott of Sands UK, Sue Hale of Sands UK and ISA Parent Advisory Committee, and Liz Conway Sands Australia and the ISA Parent Advisory Committee for their comments and contributions to the report. We thank the following for their contributions to the research priority component: Justus Hofmeyr for his assistance with the development of the research priority questions, review of interventions, and comment of drafts of the report; Eckhart Buchmann for development of the initial drafts of all the research questions; Igor Rudan for guidance and support; and Ibinabo Ibiebele for data analysis. We thank all those who scored the stillbirth research priorities: Adrian Charles, Paul Colditz, Linda Dodds, Lelia Duley, Jason Gardosi, Sanne Gordijn, Grace Guyon, Justus Hofmeyr, Alex Heazell, Robyn Kennare, Russell Kirby, Wolfgang Kuenzel, Kassam Mahomed, Luigi Matturri, Elizabeth M McClure, Lesley McCowan, Giorgio Mello, Ayman el Mohandes, Halit Pinar, Ingela Radestad, Uma M Reddy, Birgit Reime, Bob Silver, and Bert Timmer, and members of the GAPPS Basic Biology Working Group: Craig Rubens, Michael Gravett, Gordon Smith, Leslie Myatt, Oslem Equils, Roger Smith, and Sarah England. NR 156 TC 159 Z9 160 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 14 PY 2011 VL 377 IS 9778 BP 1703 EP 1717 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60064-0 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 766JF UT WOS:000290777700035 PM 21496907 ER PT J AU Kidd, S Goodson, JL Aramburu, J Morais, A Gaye, A Wannemuehler, K Buffington, J Gerber, S Wassilak, S Uzicanin, A AF Kidd, Sarah Goodson, James L. Aramburu, Javier Morais, Alda Gaye, Abou Wannemuehler, Kathleen Buffington, Joanna Gerber, Sue Wassilak, Steven Uzicanin, Amra TI Poliomyelitis outbreaks in Angola genetically linked to India: Risk factors and implications for prevention of outbreaks due to wild poliovirus importations SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Poliomyelitis; Vaccination; Angola ID VACCINE AB We conducted an investigation of two outbreaks of poliomyelitis in Angola during 2007-2008 due to wild poliovirus (WPV) genetically linked to India. A case-control study including 27 case-patients and 76 age- and neighborhood-matched control-subjects was conducted to assess risk factors associated with paralytic poliomyelitis, and epidemiologic links to India were explored through in-depth case-patient interviews. In multivariable analysis, case-patients were more likely than control-subjects to be undervaccinated with fewer than four routine doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (adjusted matched odds ratio [aMOR], 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-13.6) and have an adult household member who traveled outside the province of residence in the 2 months preceding onset of paralysis (aMOR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.2-8.6). No epidemiologic link with India was identified. These findings underscore the importance of routine immunization to prevent outbreaks following WPV importations and suggest a possible role of adults in sustaining WPV transmission. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kidd, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kidd, Sarah; Goodson, James L.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Buffington, Joanna; Gerber, Sue; Wassilak, Steven; Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aramburu, Javier; Gaye, Abou] World Hlth Org, Expanded Program Immunizat, Burundi, Angola. [Morais, Alda] Minist Hlth, Expanded Program Immunizat, Luanda, Angola. RP Kidd, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgk9@cdc.gov FU Angola Ministry of Health; World Health Organization (WHO); United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by the Angola Ministry of Health; World Health Organization (WHO); and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. The authors would like to thank Dr. Jorge Mariscal, the CORE group, the WHO surveillance officers, and the many colleagues at the Angola Ministry of Health, WHO, and CDC who supported and contributed to this investigation. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 21 BP 3760 EP 3766 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.034 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 770FN UT WOS:000291072500011 PM 21440639 ER PT J AU Eko, FO Okenu, DN Singh, UP He, Q Black, C Igietseme, JU AF Eko, F. O. Okenu, D. N. Singh, U. P. He, Q. Black, C. Igietseme, J. U. TI Evaluation of a broadly protective Chlamydia-cholera combination vaccine candidate SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia; Cross-protection; Combination vaccine; Cholera ID OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PATHOGEN; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; HIGH-RISK WOMEN; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; GENITAL-TRACT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ENDOCERVICAL SPECIMENS; TRACHOMATIS SEROVARS; FIELD TRIAL; T-CELLS AB The need to simultaneously target infections with epidemiological overlap in the population with a single vaccine provides the basis for developing combination vaccines. Vibrio cholerae ghosts (rVCG) offer an attractive approach for developing vaccines against a number of human and animal pathogens. In this study, we constructed a multisubunit vaccine candidate co-expressing the serovar D-derived Porin B and polymorphic membrane protein-D proteins of Chlamydia trachomatis and evaluated its ability to simultaneously induce broad-based chlamydial immunity and elicit a vibriocidal antibody response to the Vibrio carrier envelope. Intramuscular (IM) immunization with the vaccine candidate elicited high levels of antigen-specific genital mucosal and systemic Th1 cell-mediated and humoral immune responses against heterologous serovars and strains, including serovars E-H and L Also, in addition to the multisubunit vaccine, the single subunit constructs conferred significant cross protection against the heterologous mouse strain, Chlamydia muridarum. Furthermore, all mice immunized with rVCG vaccine constructs responded with a significant rise in vibriocidal antibody titer, the surrogate marker for protection in cholera. These findings demonstrate the ability of the multisubunit vaccine to induce cross protective chlamydial as well as vibriocidal immunity and establish the possibility of developing a broadly efficacious Chlamydia-cholera combination vaccine. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eko, F. O.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Singh, U. P.] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Columbia, SC USA. [Black, C.; Igietseme, J. U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eko, FO (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, 720 Westview Dr,SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM feko@msm.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI41231]; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [1 C06 RR18386] FX This work was supported by a Public Health Service grant AI41231 from the National Institutes of Health. The investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Grant #1 C06 RR18386 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 21 BP 3802 EP 3810 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.027 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 770FN UT WOS:000291072500016 PM 21421002 ER PT J AU Karon, AE Hanni, KD Mohle-Boetani, JC Beretti, RA Hill, VR Arrowood, M Johnston, SP Xiao, L Vugia, DJ AF Karon, A. E. Hanni, K. D. Mohle-Boetani, J. C. Beretti, R. A. Hill, V. R. Arrowood, M. Johnston, S. P. Xiao, L. Vugia, D. J. TI Giardiasis outbreak at a camp after installation of a slow-sand filtration water-treatment system SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Giardia lamblis; giardiasis; outbreaks; waterborne infections ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; CYST AB In July and August 2007, a giardiasis outbreak affected attendees of a private recreational camp in California. Twenty-six persons had laboratory-confirmed giardiasis; another 24 had giardiasis-like illness with no stool test. A retrospective cohort study determined that showering was associated with illness (adjusted odds ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1-9.3). Two days before the outbreak began, the camp had installed a slow-sand water filtration system that included unsterilized sand. Review of historical water-quality data identified substantially elevated total coliform and turbidity levels in sand-filtered spring water used for showering during the suspected exposure period. Unfiltered spring water tested at the same time had acceptable coliform and turbidity levels, implicating the filtration system as the most likely contamination source. To prevent waterborne illness, slow-sand water filtration systems should use sterilized sand, and slow-sand-filtered water should not be used for any purpose where inadvertent ingestion could occur until testing confirms its potability. C1 [Karon, A. E.; Mohle-Boetani, J. C.; Vugia, D. J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Karon, A. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hanni, K. D.; Beretti, R. A.] Monterey Cty Hlth Dept, Salinas, CA USA. [Hill, V. R.; Arrowood, M.; Johnston, S. P.; Xiao, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Karon, AE (reprint author), Bur Communicable Dis & Emergency Response, Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, 1 W Wilson St,Room 318, Madison, WI 53701 USA. EM aekaron@gmail.com RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Magana, Felipe/B-6966-2013 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 139 IS 5 BP 713 EP 717 DI 10.1017/S0950268810001573 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 757RM UT WOS:000290105400008 PM 20587126 ER PT J AU Witkop, C Duffy, M Cohen, L Fishbein, D Selent, M AF Witkop, C. Duffy, M. Cohen, L. Fishbein, D. Selent, M. TI Assessment of ESSENCE Performance for Influenza-Like Illness Surveillance After an Influenza Outbreak-U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 406-409, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; SYSTEM C1 [Selent, M.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Witkop, C.] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Duffy, M.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Cohen, L.] CDC, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Selent, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mselent@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 18 BP 1851 EP 1853 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 761YH UT WOS:000290438800010 ER PT J AU Pratt, R Price, S Miramontes, R Navin, T Abraham, BK AF Pratt, R. Price, S. Miramontes, R. Navin, T. Abraham, B. K. TI Trends in Tuberculosis-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 333-337, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Pratt, R.; Price, S.; Miramontes, R.; Navin, T.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Abraham, B. K.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pratt, R (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 18 BP 1853 EP 1855 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 761YH UT WOS:000290438800011 ER PT J AU Khamsiriwatchara, A Wangroongsarb, P Thwing, J Eliades, J Satimai, W Delacollette, C Kaewkungwal, J AF Khamsiriwatchara, Amnat Wangroongsarb, Piyaporn Thwing, Julie Eliades, James Satimai, Wichai Delacollette, Charles Kaewkungwal, Jaranit TI Respondent-driven sampling on the Thailand-Cambodia border. I. Can malaria cases be contained in mobile migrant workers? SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HIDDEN POPULATIONS; SURVEILLANCE; CHALLENGES AB Background: Reliable information on mobility patterns of migrants is a crucial part of the strategy to contain the spread of artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites in South-East Asia, and may also be helpful to efforts to address other public health problems for migrants and members of host communities. In order to limit the spread of malarial drug resistance, the malaria prevention and control programme will need to devise strategies to reach cross-border and mobile migrant populations. Methodology: The Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method was used to survey migrant workers from Cambodia and Myanmar, both registered and undocumented, in three Thai provinces on the Thailand-Cambodia border in close proximity to areas with documented artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites. 1,719 participants (828 Cambodian and 891 Myanmar migrants) were recruited. Subpopulations of migrant workers were analysed using the Thailand Ministry of Health classification based on length of residence in Thailand of greater than six months (long-term, or M1) or less than six months (short-term, or M2). Key information collected on the structured questionnaire included patterns of mobility and migration, demographic characteristics, treatment-seeking behaviours, and knowledge, perceptions, and practices about malaria. Results: Workers from Cambodia came from provinces across Cambodia, and 22% of Cambodian M1 and 72% of Cambodian M2 migrants had been in Cambodia in the last three months. Less than 6% returned with a frequency of greater than once per month. Of migrants from Cambodia, 32% of M1 and 68% of M2 were planning to return, and named provinces across Cambodia as their likely next destinations. Most workers from Myanmar came from Mon state (86%), had never returned to Myanmar (85%), and only 4% stated plans to return. Conclusion: Information on migratory patterns of migrants from Myanmar and Cambodia along the malaria endemic Thailand-Cambodian border within the artemisinin resistance containment zone will help target health interventions, including treatment follow-up and surveillance. C1 [Eliades, James; Delacollette, Charles] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, WHO, Mekong Malaria Programme, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Khamsiriwatchara, Amnat; Kaewkungwal, Jaranit] Ctr Excellence Biomed & Publ Hlth Informat BIOPHI, Bangkok, Thailand. [Wangroongsarb, Piyaporn; Satimai, Wichai] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Vector Borne Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. [Thwing, Julie] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Delacollette, C (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, WHO, Mekong Malaria Programme, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM delacollettec@searo.who.int FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [48821.01] FX Authors wish to acknowledge the financial contribution from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant-48821.01). NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 120 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-120 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 780IY UT WOS:000291850500001 PM 21554744 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Perry, GS Chapman, DP McKnight-Eily, LR Presley-Cantrell, LR Croft, JB AF Wheaton, Anne G. Perry, Geraldine S. Chapman, Daniel P. McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R. Croft, Janet B. TI Relationship between body mass index and perceived insufficient sleep among US adults: an analysis of 2008 BRFSS data SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SELF-REPORTED SLEEP; FOLLOW-UP; METABOLIC FUNCTION; UNITED-STATES; WEIGHT CHANGE; RISK-FACTORS; DURATION; OBESITY; POPULATION AB Background: Over the past 50 years, the average sleep duration for adults in the United States has decreased while the prevalence of obesity and associated outcomes has increased. The objective of this study was to determine whether perceived insufficient sleep was associated with body mass index (BMI) in a national sample. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey (N = 384,541) in which respondents were asked, "During the past 30 days, for about how many days have you felt you did not get enough rest or sleep?" We divided respondents into six BMI categories and used multivariable linear regression and logistic regression analyses to assess the association between BMI categories and days of insufficient sleep after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, smoking, physical activity, and frequent mental distress. Results: Adjusted mean days of insufficient sleep ranged from 7.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.8, 8.0) days for people of normal weight to 10.5 (95% CI: 10.2, 10.9) days for those in the highest weight category (BMI >= 40). Days of perceived insufficient sleep followed a linear trend across BMI categories. The likelihood of reporting >= 14 days of insufficient sleep in the previous 30 days was higher for respondents in the highest weight category than for those who were normal weight (34.9% vs. 25.2%; adjusted odds ratio = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.5, 1.8]). Conclusion: Among U. S. adults, days of insufficient rest or sleep strongly correlated with BMI. Sleep sufficiency should be an important consideration in the assessment of the health of overweight and obese people and should be considered by developers of weight-reduction programs. C1 [Wheaton, Anne G.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Chapman, Daniel P.; McKnight-Eily, Lela R.; Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30041 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-67, Atlanta, GA 30041 USA. EM AWheaton@cdc.gov FU Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [3U50CD300860] FX This publication/project was made possible through a cooperative agreement between the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), award number 3U50CD300860; its contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of APTR or CDC. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 295 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-295 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 767IZ UT WOS:000290851100001 PM 21569264 ER PT J AU Maines, TR Chen, LM Belser, JA Van Hoeven, N Smith, E Donis, RO Tumpey, TM Katz, JM AF Maines, Taronna R. Chen, Li-Mei Belser, Jessica A. Van Hoeven, Neal Smith, Elizabeth Donis, Ruben O. Tumpey, Terrence M. Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Multiple genes contribute to the virulent phenotype observed in ferrets of an H5N1 influenza virus isolated from Thailand in 2004 SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza; Pathogenesis; H5N1 virus; Ferret; Virulence determinants ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A H5N1; NEURAMINIDASE; INFECTION; HUMANS; PATHOGENESIS; MAMMALS; HOST; MICE AB Human infections with highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses continue to occur in many parts of the world and pose a considerable public health threat. With the use of animal models, the identification of virulence determinants has been instrumental in improving our understanding of how these viruses cause severe disease in humans. Two genetically similar H5N1 viruses (A/Thailand/16/2004 and A(Thailand/SP83/2004) exhibit high or low virulence phenotypes, respectively, in multiple animal models. Reassortant viruses were generated from this virus pair and evaluated in ferrets. Each of the polymerase genes of A/Thailand/16/2004 virus individually conferred increased virulence to A/Thailand/SP83/2004 virus while the neuraminidase of the low virulence virus reduced virulence and replication efficiency of the virulent virus in ferrets unless the homologous HA was present. Our results demonstrate that H5N1 virus virulence determinants are polygenic and that there is an important correlation between polymerase adaptation, efficient replication in the host, and virulence. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Maines, Taronna R.; Chen, Li-Mei; Belser, Jessica A.; Van Hoeven, Neal; Smith, Elizabeth; Donis, Ruben O.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkatz@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 413 IS 2 BP 226 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.02.005 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 757CS UT WOS:000290062400009 PM 21388650 ER PT J AU Zhang, XY Lu, H Holt, JB AF Zhang, Xingyou Lu, Hua Holt, James B. TI Modeling spatial accessibility to parks: a national study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article ID CHOICE SET DEFINITION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DESTINATION CHOICE; MINUS 2; ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; INTEGRATED APPROACH; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; US ADULTS; NUMBER 7; HEALTH AB Background: Parks provide ideal open spaces for leisure-time physical activity and important venues to promote physical activity. The spatial configuration of parks, the number of parks and their spatial distribution across neighborhood areas or local regions, represents the basic park access potential for their residential populations. A new measure of spatial access to parks, population-weighted distance (PWD) to parks, combines the advantages of current park access approaches and incorporates the information processing theory and probability access surface model to more accurately quantify residential population's potential spatial access to parks. Results: The PWD was constructed at the basic level of US census geography - blocks - using US park and population data. This new measure of population park accessibility was aggregated to census tract, county, state and national levels. On average, US residential populations are expected to travel 6.7 miles to access their local neighborhood parks. There are significant differences in the PWD to local parks among states. The District of Columbia and Connecticut have the best access to local neighborhood parks with PWD of 0.6 miles and 1.8 miles, respectively. Alaska, Montana, and Wyoming have the largest PWDs of 62.0, 37.4, and 32.8 miles, respectively. Rural states in the western and Midwestern US have lower neighborhood park access, while urban states have relatively higher park access. Conclusions: The PWD to parks provides a consistent platform for evaluating spatial equity of park access and linking with population health outcomes. It could be an informative evaluation tool for health professionals and policy makers. This new method could be applied to quantify geographic accessibility of other types of services or destinations, such as food, alcohol, and tobacco outlets. C1 [Zhang, Xingyou; Lu, Hua; Holt, James B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhang, XY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. EM gyx8@cdc.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA140319] NR 53 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 53 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-072X J9 INT J HEALTH GEOGR JI Int. J. Health Geogr. PD MAY 9 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 31 DI 10.1186/1476-072X-10-31 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 779WD UT WOS:000291812000001 PM 21554690 ER PT J AU Wangroongsarb, P Satimai, W Khamsiriwatchara, A Thwing, J Eliades, JM Kaewkungwal, J Delacollette, C AF Wangroongsarb, Piyaporn Satimai, Wichai Khamsiriwatchara, Amnat Thwing, Julie Eliades, James M. Kaewkungwal, Jaranit Delacollette, Charles TI Respondent-driven sampling on the Thailand-Cambodia border. II. Knowledge, perception, practice and treatment-seeking behaviour of migrants in malaria endemic zones SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; POPULATIONS AB Background: Population movements along the Thailand-Cambodia border, particularly among highly mobile and hard-to-access migrant groups from Cambodia and Myanmar, are assumed to play a key role in the spread of artemisinin resistance. Data on treatment-seeking behaviours, knowledge and perceptions about malaria, and use of preventive measures is lacking as characteristics of this population prevent them from being represented in routine surveillance and the lack of a sampling frame makes reliable surveys challenging. Methods: A survey of migrant populations from Cambodia and Myanmar was implemented in five selected rural locations in Thailand along the Thai-Cambodian border using respondent driven sampling (RDS) to determine demographic characteristics of the population, migratory patterns, knowledge about malaria, and health-care -seeking behaviours. Results: The majority of migrants from Myanmar are long-term residents (98%) with no plans to move back to Myanmar, understand spoken Thai (77%) and can therefore benefit from health messages in Thai, have Thai health insurance (99%) and accessed public health services in Thailand (63%) for their last illness. In comparison, the majority of Cambodian migrants are short-term (72%). Of the short-term Cambodian migrants, 92% work in agriculture, 18% speak Thai, 3.4% have Thai health insurance, and the majority returned to Cambodia for treatment (45%), self-treated (11%), or did not seek treatment for their last illness (27%). Conclusion: Most highly mobile migrants along the Thai-Cambodia border are not accessing health messages or health treatment in Thailand, increasing their risk of malaria and facilitating the spread of potentially resistant Plasmodium falciparum as they return to Cambodia to seek treatment. Reaching out to highly mobile migrants with health messaging they can understand and malaria diagnosis and treatment services they can access is imperative in the effort to contain the spread of artemisinin-resistant P. falciparum. C1 [Eliades, James M.; Delacollette, Charles] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mekong Malaria Programme, World Hlth Org, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Wangroongsarb, Piyaporn; Satimai, Wichai] Minist Publ Hlth, Bureau Vector Borne Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. [Khamsiriwatchara, Amnat; Kaewkungwal, Jaranit] Ctr Excellence Biomed & Publ Hlth Informat BIOPHI, Bangkok, Thailand. [Thwing, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Delacollette, C (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mekong Malaria Programme, World Hlth Org, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM delacollettec@searo.who.int FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [48821.01] FX Authors wish to acknowledge the financial contribution from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant-48821.01) to conduct the survey. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 9 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 117 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-117 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 780IX UT WOS:000291850300001 PM 21554711 ER PT J AU Samandari, T Agizew, TB Nyirenda, S Tedla, Z Sibanda, T Shang, N Mosimaneotsile, B Motsamai, OI Bozeman, L Davis, MK Talbot, EA Moeti, TL Moffat, H Kilmarx, PH Castro, KG Wells, CD AF Samandari, Taraz Agizew, Tefera B. Nyirenda, Samba Tedla, Zegabriel Sibanda, Thabisa Shang, Nong Mosimaneotsile, Barudi Motsamai, Oaitse I. Bozeman, Lorna Davis, Margarett K. Talbot, Elizabeth A. Moeti, Themba L. Moffat, Howard Kilmarx, Peter H. Castro, Kenneth G. Wells, Charles D. TI 6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; 3 REGIMENS; COHORT; RISK; PROGRAM; IMPACT AB Background In accordance with WHO guidelines, people with HIV infection in Botswana receive daily isoniazid preventive therapy against tuberculosis without obtaining a tuberculin skin test, but duration of prophylaxis is restricted to 6 months. We aimed to assess effectiveness of extended isoniazid therapy. Methods In our randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial we enrolled adults infected with HIV aged 18 years or older at government HIV-care clinics in Botswana. Exclusion criteria included current illness such as cough and an abnormal chest radiograph without antecedent tuberculosis or pneumonia. Eligible individuals were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive 6 months' open-label isoniazid followed by 30 months' masked placebo (control group) or 6 months' open-label isoniazid followed by 30 months' masked isoniazid (continued isoniazid group) on the basis of a computer-generated randomisation list with permuted blocks of ten at each clinic. Antiretroviral therapy was provided if participants had CD4-positive lymphocyte counts of fewer than 200 cells per mu L. We used Cox regression analysis and the log-rank test to compare incident tuberculosis in the groups. Cox regression models were used to estimate the effect of antiretroviral therapy. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00164281. Findings Between Nov 26, 2004, and July 3, 2009, we recorded 34 (3.4%) cases of incident tuberculosis in 989 participants allocated to the control group and 20 (2.0%) in 1006 allocated to the continued isoniazid group (incidence 1.26% per year vs 0.72%; hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.33-0.99, p=0.047). Tuberculosis incidence in those individuals receiving placebo escalated approximately 200 days after completion of open-label isoniazid. Participants who were tuberculin skin test positive (ie, >= 5 mm induration) at enrolment received a substantial benefit from continued isoniazid treatment (0.26, 0.09-0.80, p=0.02), whereas participants who were tuberculin skin test-negative received no significant benefit (0 75, 0.38-1.46, p=0.40). By study completion, 946 (47%) of 1995 participants had initiated antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis incidence was reduced by 50% in those receiving 360 days of antiretroviral therapy compared with participants receiving no antiretroviral therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.97). Severe adverse events and death were much the same in the control and continued isoniazid groups. Interpretation In a tuberculosis-endemic setting, 36 months' isoniazid prophylaxis was more effective for prevention of tuberculosis than was 6-month prophylaxis in individuals with HIV infection, and chiefly benefited those who were tuberculin skin test positive. C1 [Samandari, Taraz; Agizew, Tefera B.; Nyirenda, Samba; Tedla, Zegabriel; Sibanda, Thabisa; Mosimaneotsile, Barudi; Davis, Margarett K.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Botswana USA Partnership BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. [Samandari, Taraz; Agizew, Tefera B.; Nyirenda, Samba; Tedla, Zegabriel; Sibanda, Thabisa; Mosimaneotsile, Barudi; Davis, Margarett K.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Botswana USA Partnership BOTUSA, Francistown, Botswana. [Motsamai, Oaitse I.] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Programme, Gaborone, Botswana. [Samandari, Taraz; Shang, Nong; Bozeman, Lorna; Talbot, Elizabeth A.; Castro, Kenneth G.; Wells, Charles D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Samandari, T (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tts0@cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Agency for International Development FX Funding US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and US Agency for International Development. NR 41 TC 172 Z9 178 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 7 PY 2011 VL 377 IS 9777 BP 1588 EP 1598 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60204-3 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 763IJ UT WOS:000290549700032 PM 21492926 ER PT J AU Thomas, JD Hatcher, CP Satterfield, DA Theodore, MJ Bach, MC Linscott, KB Zhao, X Wang, X Mair, R Schmink, S Arnold, KE Stephens, DS Harrison, LH Hollick, RA Andrade, AL Lamaro-Cardoso, J de Lemos, APS Gritzfeld, J Gordon, S Soysal, A Bakir, M Sharma, D Jain, S Satola, SW Messonnier, NE Mayer, LW AF Thomas, Jennifer Dolan Hatcher, Cynthia P. Satterfield, Dara A. Theodore, M. Jordan Bach, Michelle C. Linscott, Kristin B. Zhao, Xin Wang, Xin Mair, Raydel Schmink, Susanna Arnold, Kathryn E. Stephens, David S. Harrison, Lee H. Hollick, Rosemary A. Andrade, Ana Lucia Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana de Lemos, Ana Paula S. Gritzfeld, Jenna Gordon, Stephen Soysal, Ahmet Bakir, Mustafa Sharma, Dolly Jain, Shabnam Satola, Sarah W. Messonnier, Nancy E. Mayer, Leonard W. TI sodC-Based Real-Time PCR for Detection of Neisseria meningitidis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MENINGOCOCCAL CARRIAGE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; DIAGNOSIS; GENES AB Real-time PCR (rt-PCR) is a widely used molecular method for detection of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm). Several rt-PCR assays for Nm target the capsule transport gene, ctrA. However, over 16% of meningococcal carriage isolates lack ctrA, rendering this target gene ineffective at identification of this sub-population of meningococcal isolates. The Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase gene, sodC, is found in Nm but not in other Neisseria species. To better identify Nm, regardless of capsule genotype or expression status, a sodC-based TaqMan rt-PCR assay was developed and validated. Standard curves revealed an average lower limit of detection of 73 genomes per reaction at cycle threshold (C(t)) value of 35, with 100% average reaction efficiency and an average R(2) of 0.9925. 99.7% (624/626) of Nm isolates tested were sodC-positive, with a range of average C(t) values from 13.0 to 29.5. The mean sodC C(t) value of these Nm isolates was 17.6 +/- 2.2 (+/- SD). Of the 626 Nm tested, 178 were nongroupable (NG) ctrA-negative Nm isolates, and 98.9% (176/178) of these were detected by sodC rt-PCR. The assay was 100% specific, with all 244 non-Nm isolates testing negative. Of 157 clinical specimens tested, sodC detected 25/157 Nm or 4 additional specimens compared to ctrA and 24 more than culture. Among 582 carriage specimens, sodC detected Nm in 1 more than ctrA and in 4 more than culture. This sodC rt-PCR assay is a highly sensitive and specific method for detection of Nm, especially in carriage studies where many meningococcal isolates lack capsule genes. C1 [Thomas, Jennifer Dolan; Hatcher, Cynthia P.; Satterfield, Dara A.; Theodore, M. Jordan; Bach, Michelle C.; Linscott, Kristin B.; Zhao, Xin; Wang, Xin; Mair, Raydel; Schmink, Susanna; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stephens, David S.; Sharma, Dolly; Jain, Shabnam; Satola, Sarah W.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arnold, Kathryn E.; Stephens, David S.; Satola, Sarah W.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stephens, David S.; Satola, Sarah W.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Sharma, Dolly; Jain, Shabnam] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Satterfield, Dara A.; Bach, Michelle C.] Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Biol, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.; Hollick, Rosemary A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Andrade, Ana Lucia; Lamaro-Cardoso, Juliana] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [de Lemos, Ana Paula S.] Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Gritzfeld, Jenna; Gordon, Stephen] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Clin Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Soysal, Ahmet; Bakir, Mustafa] Marmara Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Thomas, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fsu8@cdc.gov RI Stephens, David/A-8788-2012; Iats, Inct/K-2300-2013; Andrade, Ana Lucia/L-5751-2013; OI Gordon, Stephen/0000-0001-6576-1116 FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [309196/2007-8]; National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment/IATS; National Institutes of Health [5D43TW006592] FX ALA was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq grant # 309196/2007-8) (http://www.cnpq.br/english/cnpq/index.htm) and was supported by the National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment/IATS (http://www.iats.com.br/eng/instituto.php?id_cms_menu = 1). APS de Lemos was supported by the Fogarty International Center Global Infectious Diseases Research Training Program grant from the National Institutes of Health (5D43TW006592) (http://www.fic.nih.gov/). JG and SG thank the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Microbial Diseases (http://www.rlbuht.nhs.uk/NIHR_BRC/Introduction.asp) and the Northwest Regional Development Agency (http://www.nwda.co.uk/) for infrastructural support. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 5 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 AR e19361 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019361 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 759OB UT WOS:000290256400007 ER PT J AU Satterwhite, CL Gottlieb, SL Romaguera, R Bolan, G Burstein, G Schuler, C Popovic, T AF Satterwhite, C. L. Gottlieb, S. L. Romaguera, R. Bolan, G. Burstein, G. Schuler, C. Popovic, T. TI CDC Grand Rounds: Chlamydia Prevention: Challenges and Strategies for Reducing Disease Burden and Sequelae (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 370-373, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; TRACHOMATIS; INFECTION C1 [Popovic, T.] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Satterwhite, C. L.; Gottlieb, S. L.; Romaguera, R.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burstein, G.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pediat, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Burstein, G.] Women & Childrens Hosp Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA. RP Popovic, T (reprint author), CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpopovic@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 4 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 17 BP 1757 EP 1759 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 758HZ UT WOS:000290156200009 ER PT J AU Switzer, WM Jia, HW Zheng, HQ Tang, SH Heneine, W AF Switzer, William M. Jia, Hongwei Zheng, HaoQiang Tang, Shaohua Heneine, Walid TI No Association of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Viruses with Prostate Cancer SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; XMRV INFECTION; BLOOD-DONORS; GENE-THERAPY; RETROVIRUS; CONTAMINATION; SEQUENCES; ASSAY; ANTIBODIES; MULTIPLE AB Background: The association of the xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) with prostate cancer continues to receive heightened attention as studies report discrepant XMRV prevalences ranging from zero up to 23%. It is unclear if differences in the diagnostic testing, disease severity, geography, or other factors account for the discordant results. We report here the prevalence of XMRV in a population with well-defined prostate cancers and RNase L polymorphism. We used broadly reactive PCR and Western blot (WB) assays to detect infection with XMRV and related murine leukemia viruses (MLV). Methodology/Principal Findings: We studied specimens from 162 US patients diagnosed with prostate cancer with a intermediate to advanced stage (Gleason Scores of 5-10; moderate (46%) poorly differentiated tumors (54%)). Prostate tissue DNA was tested by PCR assays that detect XMRV and MLV variants. To exclude contamination with mouse DNA, we also designed and used a mouse-specific DNA PCR test. Detailed phylogenetic analysis was used to infer evolutionary relationships. RNase L typing showed that 9.3% were homozygous (QQ) for the R462Q RNase L mutation, while 45.6% and 45.1% were homozygous or heterozygous, respectively. Serologic testing was performed by a WB test. Three of 162 (1.9%) prostate tissue DNA were PCR-positive for XMRV and had undetectable mouse DNA. None was homozygous for the QQ mutation. Plasma from all three persons was negative for viral RNA by RT-PCR. All 162 patients were WB negative. Phylogenetic analysis inferred a distinct XMRV. Conclusions and Their Significance: We found a very low prevalence of XMRV in prostate cancer patients. Infection was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis and absence of contaminating mouse DNA. The finding of undetectable antibodies and viremia in all three patients may reflect latent infection. Our results do not support an association of XMRV or MLV variants with prostate cancer. C1 [Switzer, William M.; Jia, Hongwei; Zheng, HaoQiang; Tang, Shaohua; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention per annual appropriations of the United States Government FX Funding for the study was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention per annual appropriations of the United States Government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 AR e19065 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019065 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 759EZ UT WOS:000290224800015 PM 21573232 ER PT J AU Kaltman, JR Thompson, PD Lantos, J Berul, CI Botkin, J Cohen, JT Cook, NR Corrado, D Drezner, J Frick, KD Goldman, S Hlatky, M Kannankeril, PJ Leslie, L Priori, S Saul, JP Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Siscovick, D Vetter, VL Boineau, R Burns, KM Friedman, RA AF Kaltman, Jonathan R. Thompson, Paul D. Lantos, John Berul, Charles I. Botkin, Jeffrey Cohen, Joshua T. Cook, Nancy R. Corrado, Domenico Drezner, Jonathan Frick, Kevin D. Goldman, Stuart Hlatky, Mark Kannankeril, Prince J. Leslie, Laurel Priori, Silvia Saul, J. Philip Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Siscovick, David Vetter, Victoria L. Boineau, Robin Burns, Kristin M. Friedman, Richard A. TI Screening for Sudden Cardiac Death in the Young Report From a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE death, sudden; pediatrics; screening ID HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; ASSOCIATION COUNCIL; CHILDREN; PREVENTION; ADOLESCENTS; STRATEGIES; GUIDELINES; AUTOPSY; DISEASE C1 [Kaltman, Jonathan R.; Boineau, Robin; Burns, Kristin M.] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Thompson, Paul D.] Univ Connecticut, Hartford, CT 06112 USA. [Lantos, John] Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Berul, Charles I.; Burns, Kristin M.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Botkin, Jeffrey] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Cohen, Joshua T.; Leslie, Laurel] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corrado, Domenico] Univ Padua, Sch Med, Padua, Italy. [Drezner, Jonathan; Siscovick, David] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Frick, Kevin D.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cook, Nancy R.; Goldman, Stuart] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Hlatky, Mark] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kannankeril, Prince J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Priori, Silvia] NYU, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Saul, J. Philip] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vetter, Victoria L.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Friedman, Richard A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kaltman, JR (reprint author), NHLBI, NIH, 6701 Rockledge Dr,Room 8222, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM kaltmanj@nhlbi.nih.gov OI Friedman, Richard/0000-0003-3046-1505; Cohen, Joshua/0000-0003-1737-0991 FU National Institutes of Health research [HL100546] FX Drs Leslie and Cohen are the recipients of a National Institutes of Health research grant (No. HL100546). NR 38 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 3 PY 2011 VL 123 IS 17 BP 1911 EP 1918 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.017228 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 758GB UT WOS:000290149300015 PM 21537007 ER PT J AU Patton, TG Dietrich, G Dolan, MC Piesman, J Carroll, JA Gilmore, RD AF Patton, Toni G. Dietrich, Gabrielle Dolan, Marc C. Piesman, Joseph Carroll, James A. Gilmore, Robert D., Jr. TI Functional Analysis of the Borrelia burgdorferi bba64 Gene Product in Murine Infection via Tick Infestation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; OUTER SURFACE-PROTEINS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; MAMMALIAN HOST; LINEAR PLASMID; IXODES TICKS; LIFE-CYCLE; EXPRESSION; TRANSMISSION AB Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, transmitted to humans to from the bite of Ixodes spp. ticks. During the borrelial tick-to-mammal life cycle, B. burgdorferi must adapt to many environmental changes by regulating several genes, including bba64. Our laboratory recently demonstrated that the bba64 gene product is necessary for mouse infectivity when B. burgdorferi is transmitted by an infected tick bite, but not via needle inoculation. In this study we investigated the phenotypic properties of a bba64 mutant strain, including 1) replication during tick engorgement, 2) migration into the nymphal salivary glands, 3) host transmission, and 4) susceptibility to the MyD88-dependent innate immune response. Results revealed that the bba64 mutant's attenuated infectivity by tick bite was not due to a growth defect inside an actively feeding nymphal tick, or failure to invade the salivary glands. These findings suggested there was either a lack of spirochete transmission to the host dermis or increased susceptibility to the host's innate immune response. Further experiments showed the bba64 mutant was not culturable from mouse skin taken at the nymphal bite site and was unable to establish infection in MyD88-deficient mice via tick infestation. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that BBA64 functions at the salivary gland-to-host delivery interface of vector transmission and is not involved in resistance to MyD88-mediated innate immunity. C1 [Patton, Toni G.; Dietrich, Gabrielle; Dolan, Marc C.; Piesman, Joseph; Gilmore, Robert D., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Carroll, James A.] NIAID, Persistent Viral Dis Lab, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. RP Patton, TG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rbg9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services within the federal government FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services within the federal government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 3 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 AR e19536 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019536 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 759EM UT WOS:000290223500028 PM 21559293 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Uzunangelov, V Hoerger, T Saraiya, M Miller, J Hall, I Benard, V Royalty, J Li, C AF Ekwueme, D. U. Uzunangelov, V Hoerger, T. Saraiya, M. Miller, J. Hall, I Benard, V Royalty, J. Li, C. TI ESTIMATED EFFECTS OF THE NATIONAL BREAST AND CERVICAL CANCER EARLY DETECTION PROGRAM ON CERVICAL CANCER MORTALITY SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ekwueme, D. U.; Saraiya, M.; Miller, J.; Hall, I; Benard, V; Royalty, J.; Li, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Uzunangelov, V; Hoerger, T.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP A1 EP A1 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 876JY UT WOS:000299105000003 ER PT J AU Guh, S Grosse, S McAlister, S Kessler, CM Soucie, M AF Guh, S. Grosse, S. McAlister, S. Kessler, C. M. Soucie, M. TI COSTS OF CARE FOR PRIVATELY INSURED MALES WITH HEMOPHILIA IN THE UNITED STATES, 2008 SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guh, S.; Grosse, S.; McAlister, S.; Soucie, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, C. M.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP A61 EP A61 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 876JY UT WOS:000299105000321 ER PT J AU Trujillo, AJ Vecino-Ortiz, AI Gomez, FR Steinhardt, LC AF Trujillo, A. J. Vecino-Ortiz, A., I Ruiz Gomez, F. Steinhardt, L. C. TI IMPROVING HEALTH INSURANCE AND PREVENTIVE EFFORT AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS: THE COLOMBIAN EXPERIENCE SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Trujillo, A. J.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Vecino-Ortiz, A., I] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ruiz Gomez, F.] Univ Javeriana, Bogota, DC, Colombia. [Steinhardt, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP A100 EP A100 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 876JY UT WOS:000299105000524 ER PT J AU Jean, SM Morales, PR Paul, K Garcia, A AF Jean, Sherrie M. Morales, Pablo R. Paul, Katherine Garcia, AnaPatricia TI Spontaneous Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung in a Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-ORGANIZATION CLASSIFICATION; CANCER; TUMORS; PULMONARY; PATHOLOGY; MARKER AB A 3-y-old male rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) was noticed to be lethargic in the compound. Physical exam revealed cyanotic mucous membranes, dyspnea, bilateral harsh lung sounds, wheezing on expiration, and a firm mass possibly associated with the liver. Radiographs revealed bilateral soft tissue opacities in the thorax. Due to poor prognosis, the rhesus was euthanized, and a necropsy was performed. Both right and left lung lobes were consolidated and had multifocal white tan masses. On cut section, the masses were firm, had areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and often contained a tenacious exudate. Masses were identified in the liver and both kidneys. Given the morphologic features of the neoplasm, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made. Immunohistochemistry staining for thyroid transcription factor, a nuclear transcription factor normally found in lung, thyroid, and tumors arising from either of those tissues, confirmed that the masses originated from the lung. Malignant primary lung tumors are divided into 8 main histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, large-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, and salivary gland tumors. Clinical signs associated with lung tumors include, but are not limited to, dyspnea, coughing, hemoptysis, lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Although squamous cell carcinoma will be low on the differential list for these clinical signs, we encourage clinicians and researchers to not rule it out solely based on incidence and age of the animal. C1 [Garcia, AnaPatricia] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pathol, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Garcia, AnaPatricia] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jean, Sherrie M.] Univ So Calif, Dept Anim Resources, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Morales, Pablo R.] Mannheimer Fdn, Homestead, FL USA. [Paul, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garcia, A (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pathol, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM agarci5@emory.edu FU NIH [R25 RR024504, DRR000165, P51 RR000165] FX This work was supported in part by NIH grants R25 RR024504, DRR000165, and P51 RR000165. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 50 IS 3 BP 404 EP 408 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 875JO UT WOS:000299026400017 PM 21640039 ER PT J AU Spadaro, AJ Grunbaum, JA Dawkins, NU Wright, DS Rubel, SK Green, DC Simoes, EJ AF Spadaro, Antonia J. Grunbaum, Jo Anne Dawkins, Nicola U. Wright, Demia S. Rubel, Stephanie K. Green, Diane C. Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Training and Technical Assistance to Enhance Capacity Building Between Prevention Research Centers and Their Partners SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; COMMUNITY; INITIATIVES AB Introduction The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has administered the Prevention Research Centers Program since 1986. We quantified the number and reach of training programs across all centers, determined whether the centers' outcomes varied by characteristics of the academic institution, and explored potential benefits of training and technical assistance for academic researchers and community partners. We characterized how these activities enhanced capacity building within Prevention Research Centers and the community. Methods The program office collected quantitative information on training across all 33 centers via its Internet-based system from April through December 2007. Qualitative data were collected from April through May 2007. We selected 9 centers each for 2 separate, semistructured, telephone interviews, 1 on training and 1 on technical assistance. Results Across 24 centers, 4,777 people were trained in 99 training programs in fiscal year 2007 (October 1, 2006-September 30, 2007). Nearly 30% of people trained were community members or agency representatives. Training and technical assistance activities provided opportunities to enhance community partners' capacity in areas such as conducting needs assessments and writing grants and to improve the centers' capacity for cultural competency. Conclusion Both qualitative and quantitative data demonstrated that training and technical assistance activities can foster capacity building and provide a reciprocal venue to support researchers' and the community's research interests. Future evaluation could assess community and public health partners' perception of centers' training programs and technical assistance. C1 [Spadaro, Antonia J.; Grunbaum, Jo Anne; Wright, Demia S.; Green, Diane C.; Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dawkins, Nicola U.; Rubel, Stephanie K.] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Spadaro, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-45, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aqs5@cdc.gov FU CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP); Division of Adult and Community Health (DACH), Community Health and Program Services Branch; Sharrice White-Cooper; MPH; Marie Borgella, MBA, at CDC's NCCDPHP/DACH, Prevention Research Centers Program Office FX We acknowledge the support of Paul Z. Siegel, MD, MPH, at CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Division of Adult and Community Health (DACH), Community Health and Program Services Branch, and Sharrice White-Cooper, MPH, and Marie Borgella, MBA, at CDC's NCCDPHP/DACH, Prevention Research Centers Program Office. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 AR A65 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OR UT WOS:000298968400016 PM 21477505 ER PT J AU Zohoori, N Pulley, L Jones, C Senner, J Shoob, H Merritt, RK AF Zohoori, Namvar Pulley, LeaVonne Jones, Camille Senner, John Shoob, Hylan Merritt, Robert K. TI Conducting a Statewide Health Examination Survey: The Arkansas Cardiovascular Health Examination Survey (ARCHES) SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction The Arkansas Cardiovascular Health Examination Survey is a health and nutrition examination survey designed to serve as a demonstration project for collection of data on the prevalence of chronic diseases and their risk factors at the state level. The survey was conducted from mid-2006 through early 2008. Methods We chose a cross-sectional representative sample of adult residents in Arkansas by using a 3-stage, cluster sample design. Trained interviewers conducted interviews and examinations in respondents' homes, collecting data on risk factors and diseases, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, and blood and urine samples for analysis and storage. Food frequency questionnaires provided dietary and nutrient intake data. We accomplished the project using a collaborative model among several programs and partners within the state. Results A total of 4,894 eligible households were contacted by telephone. Of these, refusals accounted for 2,748, and 2,146 gave initial consent to participate, for an initial response rate of 44%. The final number of completed household visits was 1,385, resulting in a final response rate of 28.3%. Conclusion The Arkansas Cardiovascular Health Examination Survey is among the first state-level health and nutrition examination surveys to be conducted in the United States. By using a collaborative model and leveraging federal funds, we engaged several partners who provided additional resources to complete the project. The survey provides the state with valuable state-level data and information for program design and delivery. C1 [Pulley, LeaVonne] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Fay W Boozman Coll Publ Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Jones, Camille] Arkansas Minor Hlth Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA. [Zohoori, Namvar] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Ctr Hlth Adv, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Shoob, Hylan; Merritt, Robert K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zohoori, N (reprint author), Arkansas Dept Hlth, Ctr Hlth Adv, 4815 W Markham St,Slot 6, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM Namvar.Zohoori@arkansas.gov FU CDC; Abbott Renal Care Inc; Blue and You Foundation for a Healthier Arkansas; Arkansas Minority Health Commission; Arkansas Department of Health FX We thank the staff at the following institutions for their help in various aspects of the survey: ADH, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, Arkansas Minority Health Commission, Abbott Renal Care Inc, EMSI, CRL, the Survey Research Centers of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock and at Fayetteville, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, American Heart Association, and Blue and You Foundation for a Healthier Arkansas. Direct funding support for ARCHES was received from CDC, Abbott Renal Care Inc, Blue and You Foundation for a Healthier Arkansas, Arkansas Minority Health Commission, and the following programs at the Arkansas Department of Health: Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Program, Diabetes Prevention and Control Program, and the Oral Health Program. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 AR A67 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OR UT WOS:000298968400018 PM 21477507 ER PT J AU Baggs, J Gee, J Lewis, E Fowler, G Benson, P Lieu, T Naleway, A Klein, NP Baxter, R Belongia, E Glanz, J Hambidge, SJ Jacobsen, SJ Jackson, L Nordin, J Weintraub, E AF Baggs, James Gee, Julianne Lewis, Edwin Fowler, Gabrielle Benson, Patti Lieu, Tracy Naleway, Allison Klein, Nicola P. Baxter, Roger Belongia, Edward Glanz, Jason Hambidge, Simon J. Jacobsen, Steven J. Jackson, Lisa Nordin, Jim Weintraub, Eric TI The Vaccine Safety Datalink: A Model for Monitoring Immunization Safety SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine safety; immunization; Vaccine Safety Datalink; postmarketing evaluation; surveillance ID HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS; THIMEROSAL-CONTAINING VACCINES; DEFENSE MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE; INACTIVATED INFLUENZA VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; CAUSAL ASSOCIATION; ADVERSE EVENTS; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; YOUNG-CHILDREN AB The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project is a collaborative project between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and 8 managed care organizations (MCOs) in the United States. Established in 1990 to conduct postmarketing evaluations of vaccine safety, the project has created an infrastructure that allows for high-quality research and surveillance. The 8 participating MCOs comprise a large population of 8.8 million members annually (3% of the US population), which enables researchers to conduct studies that assess adverse events after immunization. Each MCO prepares computerized data files by using a standardized data dictionary containing demographic and medical information on its members, such as age and gender, health plan enrollment, vaccinations, hospitalizations, outpatient clinic visits, emergency department visits, urgent care visits, and mortality data, as well as additional birth information (eg, birth weight) when available. Other information sources, such as medical chart review, member surveys, and pharmacy, laboratory, and radiology data, are often used in VSD studies to validate outcomes and vaccination data. Since 2000, the VSD has undergone significant changes including an increase in the number of participating MCOs and enrolled population, changes in data-collection procedures, the creation of near real-time data files, and the development of near real-time postmarketing surveillance for newly licensed vaccines or changes in vaccine recommendations. Recognized as an important resource in vaccine safety, the VSD is working toward increasing transparency through data-sharing and external input. With its recent enhancements, the VSD provides scientific expertise, continues to develop innovative approaches for vaccine-safety research, and may serve as a model for other patient safety collaborative research projects. Pediatrics 2011;127:S45-S53 C1 [Baggs, James; Gee, Julianne; Fowler, Gabrielle; Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lewis, Edwin; Klein, Nicola P.; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Benson, Patti; Jackson, Lisa] Grp Hlth Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA USA. [Lieu, Tracy] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lieu, Tracy] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Belongia, Edward] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Glanz, Jason; Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth Community Hlth Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Nordin, Jim] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Baggs, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jbaggs@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683; Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-8174-8533 FU VSD; CDC; Sanofi Pasteur; MedImmune; Novartis; GlaxoSmithKline; Pfizer; Merck; National Institutes of Health; Wyeth (Pfizer); Merck Research Laboratories; Merck Co; MedImmune (now AstraZeneca) FX This study was supported, in part, by the VSD contract with America's Health Insurance Plans, funded by the CDC.; Dr Baxter has received research grants from Sanofi Pasteur, MedImmune, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Merck; Dr Jackson has received research funding related to vaccines from the CDC, National Institutes of Health, Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, Sanofi Pasteur, and GlaxoSmithKline and has served as an advisory board member for Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline; Dr Jacobsen has received grant funding from and served as an unpaid consultant to Merck Research Laboratories; Dr Klein has received research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co, Sanofi Pasteur, Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, and MedImmune; and Mr Lewis in the past 3 years has worked on grants funded by Merck, Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, and MedImmune (now AstraZeneca). The other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. NR 63 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S45 EP S53 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722H PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100008 PM 21502240 ER PT J AU Haber, P Iskander, J Walton, K Campbell, SR Kohl, KS AF Haber, Penina Iskander, John Walton, Kimp Campbell, Scott R. Kohl, Katrin S. TI Internet-Based Reporting to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System: A More Timely and Complete Way for Providers to Support Vaccine Safety SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine safety; vaccine adverse event; electronic reporting ID SMALLPOX VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; VAERS; INTUSSUSCEPTION; SURVEILLANCE; INFORMATION AB BACKGROUND: On March 22, 2002, Internet-based reports (IBRs) were added to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) to allow rapid, expedited reporting of adverse events (AEs) in anticipation of wider use of counter-bioterrorism vaccines such as those against smallpox and anthrax. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of IBRs on the timeliness and completeness of vaccine AE reporting. METHODS: To evaluate timeliness and completeness, we compared the proportions of IBRs with non-Internet-based reports (NIBRs). Report interval was analyzed for timeliness and age at vaccination, birth date, and onset date for report completeness. To evaluate the impact of the smallpox vaccination program, we compared smallpox vaccine reports separately. Because influenza vaccine is the most widely used vaccine in adults each year, we compared influenza vaccine reports separately. RESULTS: During the study period, VAERS received 54 364 NIBRs (85.8%) and 9008 IBRs (14.2%). Sixteen percent (1455) of IBRs followed smallpox vaccination. Overall, for all vaccines and for smallpox vaccine alone, IBRs had a greater proportion of completeness and a shorter report interval. The proportion of most frequently reported AEs did not differ between IBRs and NIBRs. A higher proportion of adults (18-64 years old) who received influenza vaccine chose to complete an IBR (62% vs 48%). CONCLUSIONS: The improved timeliness and completeness of IBRs allow VAERS to more rapidly detect new or rare vaccine AEs. This important advantage is critical in times of increased public concern about vaccine safety. Clinical vaccine providers should be aware of VAERS and use IBRs whenever feasible to report vaccine AEs. Pediatrics 2011;127:S39-S44 C1 [Haber, Penina; Iskander, John; Campbell, Scott R.; Kohl, Katrin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walton, Kimp] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Informat Sci & Technol, Off Director, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Haber, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Mail Stop D-26,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM phaber@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S39 EP S44 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722G PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100007 PM 21502243 ER PT J AU Healy, CM Pickering, LK AF Healy, C. Mary Pickering, Larry K. TI How to Communicate With Vaccine-Hesitant Parents SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine safety; health care providers ID AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; THIMEROSAL-CONTAINING VACCINES; HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; CHILDHOOD VACCINES; CAUSAL ASSOCIATION; UNITED-KINGDOM; MEASLES-VIRUS; MEDICAL HOME; NO EVIDENCE AB Development of safe and effective vaccines is one the greatest medical triumphs. However, despite high immunization rates in the United States, 85% of health care providers (HCPs) will have a parent refuse a vaccine for his or her child each year. HCPs have the greatest influence on a parent's decision to vaccinate his or her child. To effectively communicate with vaccine-hesitant parents, HCPs must first understand the concerns of parents regarding immunization and understand influences that can lead to misinformation about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. HCPs should establish an open, nonconfrontational dialogue with vaccine-hesitant parents at an early stage and provide unambiguous, easily comprehensible answers about known vaccine adverse events and provide accurate information about vaccination. Personal stories and visual images of patients and parents affected by vaccine-preventable diseases and reports of disease outbreaks serve as useful reminders of the need to maintain high immunization rates. Ongoing dialogue including provider recommendations may successfully reassure vaccine-hesitant parents that immunization is the best and safest option for their child. Pediatrics 2011;127:S127-S133 C1 [Pickering, Larry K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pickering, Larry K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Healy, C. Mary] Texas Childrens Hosp, Ctr Vaccine Awareness & Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Healy, C. Mary] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Pickering, LK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpickering@cdc.gov FU Sanofi Pasteur FX Dr Healy has a research grant from Sanofi Pasteur and has served on a scientific advisory board for Novartis Vaccines; Dr Pickering has indicated he has no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. NR 56 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S127 EP S133 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722S PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100019 PM 21502238 ER PT J AU Hussain, H Omer, SB Manganello, JA Kromm, EE Carter, TC Kan, L Stokley, S Halsey, NA Salmon, DA AF Hussain, Hamidah Omer, Saad B. Manganello, Jennifer A. Kromm, Elizabeth Edsall Carter, Terrell C. Kan, Lilly Stokley, Shannon Halsey, Neal A. Salmon, Daniel A. TI Immunization Safety in US Print Media, 1995-2005 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine; adverse effects; safety; newspaper; mandatory programs; content analysis ID ANTIVACCINATION WEB SITES; NEWSPAPER COVERAGE; HIGH AGREEMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; 2 PARADOXES; NEWS MEDIA; LOW KAPPA; VACCINE; PRESS AB OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe vaccine safety in US newspaper articles. METHODS: Articles (1147) from 44 states and Washington, DC, between January 1, 1995, and July 15, 2005, were identified by using the search terms "immunize or vaccine" and "adverse events or safety or exemption or danger or risk or damage or injury or side effect" and were coded by using a standardized data-collection instrument. RESULTS: The mean number of vaccine-safety articles per state was 26. Six (not mutually exclusive) topics were identified: vaccine-safety concerns (46%); vaccine policy (44%); vaccines are safe (20%); immunizations are required (10%); immunizations are not required (8%); and state/school exemption (8%). Three spikes in the number of newspaper articles about vaccine-safety issues were observed: in 1999 regarding rotavirus vaccine and in 2002 and 2003 regarding smallpox vaccine. Excluding articles that referred to rotavirus and smallpox vaccines, 37% of the articles had a negative take-home message. CONCLUSION: Ongoing monitoring of news on vaccine safety may help the content and framing of vaccine-safety messages. Pediatrics 2011;127:S100-S106 C1 [Hussain, Hamidah; Omer, Saad B.; Kromm, Elizabeth Edsall; Kan, Lilly; Halsey, Neal A.; Salmon, Daniel A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Manganello, Jennifer A.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy Management & Behav, Albany, NY USA. [Carter, Terrell C.] PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hussain, H (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,Room W5041, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM hhussain@jhsph.edu RI Omer, Saad/K-1182-2012 OI Omer, Saad/0000-0002-5383-3474 FU Johns Hopkins University; Crucell; Intercell; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 IP000032] FX Dr Halsey has received compensation for serving on safety-monitoring committees for Novartis and Merck, research grants through Johns Hopkins University from Crucell and Intercell for studies of unrelated vaccines in Guatemala, and an honorarium for attending a meeting with Sanofi Pasteur MSD, a company in Europe; the other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; This investigation was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant U01 IP000032. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S100 EP S106 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722O PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100015 PM 21502237 ER PT J AU Kennedy, A Basket, M Sheedy, K AF Kennedy, Allison Basket, Michelle Sheedy, Kristine TI Vaccine Attitudes, Concerns, and Information Sources Reported by Parents of Young Children: Results From the 2009 HealthStyles Survey SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccines; attitudes; parents ID SCHOOL IMMUNIZATION REQUIREMENTS; ROUTINE CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATIONS; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY CONCERNS; PHILOSOPHICAL EXEMPTIONS; NONMEDICAL EXEMPTIONS; DECISION-MAKING; PERTUSSIS; MEASLES; INTERVENTIONS AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the vaccine-related attitudes, concerns, and information sources of US parents of young children. METHODS: We calculated weighted proportions and 95% confidence intervals for vaccine-related attitudes, concerns, and information sources of parents with at least 1 child aged 6 years or younger who participated in the 2009 HealthStyles survey. RESULTS: The overall response rate for the survey was 65% (4556 of 7004); 475 respondents were parents or guardians ("parents") of at least 1 child aged 6 years or younger. Among those respondents, nearly all (93.4%) reported that their youngest child had or would receive all recommended vaccines. The majority of parents reported believing that vaccines were important to children's health (79.8%) and that they were either confident or very confident in vaccine safety (79.0%). The vaccine-related concern listed most often by parents was a child's pain from the shots given in 1 visit (44.2%), followed by a child getting too many vaccines at 1 doctor's visit (34.2%). When asked to list their most important sources of information on vaccines, the most common response was a child's doctor or nurse (81.7%). CONCLUSIONS: To maintain and improve on the success of childhood vaccines in preventing disease, a holistic approach is needed to address parents' concerns in an ongoing manner. Listening and responding in ways and with resources that address specific questions and concerns could help parents make more informed vaccination decisions. Pediatrics 2011;127:S92-S99 C1 [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Basket, Michelle; Sheedy, Kristine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kennedy, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM akennedy@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S92 EP S99 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722N PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100014 PM 21502253 ER PT J AU LaRussa, PS Edwards, KM Dekker, CL Klein, NP Halsey, NA Marchant, C Baxter, R Engler, RJM Kissner, J Slade, BA AF LaRussa, Philip S. Edwards, Kathryn M. Dekker, Cornelia L. Klein, Nicola P. Halsey, Neal A. Marchant, Colin Baxter, Roger Engler, Renata J. M. Kissner, Jennifer Slade, Barbara A. TI Understanding the Role of Human Variation in Vaccine Adverse Events: The Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE CISA Network; vaccine safety; adverse events following immunization ID DATA-COLLECTION; CASE-DEFINITION; GUIDELINES; EXPOSURE; VIRUS; RISK; TIV AB The Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Network is a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 6 academic medical centers to provide support for immunization safety assessment and research. The CISA Network was established by the CDC in 2001 with 4 primary goals: (1) develop research protocols for clinical evaluation, diagnosis, and management of adverse events following immunization (AEFI); (2) improve the understanding of AEFI at the individual level, including determining possible genetic and other risk factors for predisposed people and subpopulations at high risk; (3) develop evidence-based algorithms for vaccination of people at risk of serious AEFI; and (4) serve as subject-matter experts for clinical vaccine-safety inquiries. CISA Network investigators bring in-depth clinical, pathophysiologic, and epidemiologic expertise to assessing causal relationships between vaccines and adverse events and to understanding the pathogenesis of AEFI. CISA Network researchers conduct expert reviews of clinically significant adverse events and determine the validity of the recorded diagnoses on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria. They also conduct special studies to investigate the possible pathogenesis of adverse events, assess relationships between vaccines and adverse events, and maintain a centralized repository for clinical specimens. The CISA Network provides specific clinical guidance to both health care providers who administer vaccines and those who evaluate and treat patients with possible AEFI. The CISA Network plays an important role in providing critical immunization-safety data and expertise to inform vaccine policy-makers. The CISA Network serves as a unique resource for vaccine-safety monitoring efforts conducted at the CDC. Pediatrics 2011;127:S65-S73 C1 [LaRussa, Philip S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Kissner, Jennifer] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pediat, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN USA. [Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD USA. [Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Marchant, Colin] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Engler, Renata J. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, Natl Branch, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Slade, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP LaRussa, PS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM plarussa@columbia.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); CDC [200-2002-00732]; Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis; Wyeth; CSL; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck Co; Wyeth (Pfizer); MedImmune; Johns Hopkins University; Berna; Intercel; Wyeth (Pfizer Inc); Pfizer; Protein Sciences; Merck FX Dr LaRussa receives contract funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the CDC and currently serves on a Novartis data safety monitoring board; Dr Edwards receives contract funding from the NIH and the CDC, has received contract support within the past 3 years from Sanofi Pasteur, Novartis, Wyeth, and CSL for the conduct of clinical vaccine studies, and has served as a consultant to Nexbio and PATH; Dr Dekker receives contract funding from the NIH and the CDC; Dr Klein receives contract funding from the CDC and research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co, Sanofi Pasteur, Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis and MedImmune; Dr Halsey receives contract funding from the CDC and is compensated for serving on safety monitoring committees for studies of vaccines for Merck and Novartis, has received an honorarium for training and support for travel from Sanofi-MSD, a company in France, has research grants through Johns Hopkins University for studies of unrelated vaccines in Guatemala from Berna and Intercel, and has received support for a study of a Merck HPV vaccine in Peru but receives no support for the effort in Peru; Dr Marchant receives contract funding from the CDC and has performed clinical research for GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur, Merck, Wyeth (Pfizer Inc), MedImmune, and Novartis, has served as a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur, MedImmune, and Novartis, and has given lectures sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi Pasteur; Dr Baxter receives contract funding from the CDC and research grants from Sanofi Pasteur, MedImmune, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Protein Sciences, and Merck. Drs Engler, Kissner, and Slade have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; This work was supported by CDC contract 200-2002-00732. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S65 EP S73 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722J PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100010 PM 21502239 ER PT J AU Miller, E Batten, B Hampton, L Campbell, SR Gao, JR Iskander, J AF Miller, Elaine Batten, Brigid Hampton, Lee Campbell, Scott R. Gao, Jinrong Iskander, John TI Tracking Vaccine-Safety Inquiries to Detect Signals and Monitor Public Concerns SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE public inquiries; vaccine safety; vaccine adverse events ID EVENT-REPORTING-SYSTEM; IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION HOTLINE; ADVERSE EVENTS; PHARMACOVIGILANCE; VAERS AB BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention frequently receives inquiries from health care providers, public health officials, and the general public seeking data or guidance on vaccine-safety issues. Past inquiries to public health authorities identified potential problems including viscerotropic illness rarely associated with yellow fever vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To systematically describe vaccine-safety inquiries received at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. METHODS: External and internal inquiries were recorded in a database from May 1, 2002 to May 31, 2009. Key variables analyzed included the source of the question, the type of information being sought, and the vaccine type(s) associated with the inquiry. RESULTS: A total of 983 vaccine-safety inquiries were answered and analyzed. Health care workers were the source of 43% of the questions, and the general public accounted for 19% of the questions. Nearly half of the requests (49%) concerned information about the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, and nearly one-fourth (21%) were requests from providers for clinical guidance. The most frequent specific topics of inquiry and vaccines involved were neurologic adverse events (AEs) temporally associated with vaccination (17%) and safety of all vaccines or childhood vaccines (20%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Questions about rare but potentially serious AEs and general concerns about vaccine safety were encountered relatively frequently. The substantial number of clinically focused inquires may indicate a need for more provider support tools and resources. Tracking of inquiries can supplement information received through vaccine AE reporting and contribute to an enhanced scientific and communications response to vaccine-safety concerns. Pediatrics 2011;127:S87S91 C1 [Miller, Elaine; Campbell, Scott R.; Iskander, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Batten, Brigid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gao, Jinrong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hampton, Lee] Yale Univ, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gao, Jinrong] SAIC Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Miller, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Mail Stop D-26,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM erm4@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S87 EP S91 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722M PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100013 PM 21502241 ER PT J AU Salmon, DA Akhtar, A Mergler, MJ Vannice, KS Izurieta, H Ball, R Lee, GM Vellozzi, C Garman, P Cunningham, F Gellin, B Koh, H Lurie, N AF Salmon, Daniel A. Akhtar, Aysha Mergler, Michelle J. Vannice, Kirsten S. Izurieta, Hector Ball, Robert Lee, Grace M. Vellozzi, Claudia Garman, Patrick Cunningham, Francesca Gellin, Bruce Koh, Howard Lurie, Nicole CA H1N1 Working Grp Fed Immunization TI Immunization-Safety Monitoring Systems for the 2009 H1N1 Monovalent Influenza Vaccination Program SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine safety; H1N1 influenza ID DEFENSE MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE; EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM; VACCINES; DISEASE; COMPLICATIONS; EXPERIENCE AB The effort to vaccinate the US population against the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus hinged, in part, on public confidence in vaccine safety. Early in the vaccine program, >20% of parents reported that they would not vaccinate their children. Concerns about the safety of the vaccines were reported by many parents as a factor that contributed to their intention to forgo vaccination (see www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2009-releases/survey-40-adults-absolutely-certain-h1n1vaccine.html and www.med.umich.edu/mott/npch/reports/h1n1.htm). The safety profiles of 2009 H1N1 monovalent influenza vaccines were anticipated to be (and have been) similar to those of seasonal influenza vaccines, for which an excellent safety profile has been demonstrated. Here we describe steps taken by the US government to (1) assess the key federal systems in place before 2009 for monitoring the safety of vaccines and (2) integrate and upgrade those systems for optimal vaccine-safety monitoring during the 2009 H1N1 monovalent influenza vaccination program. These efforts improved monitoring of 2009 H1N1 vaccine safety, hold promise for enhancing future national monitoring of vaccine safety, and may ultimately help improve public confidence in vaccines. Pediatrics 2011;127:S78-S86 C1 [Salmon, Daniel A.] US Dept HHS, Natl Vaccine Program Off, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, Off Secretary, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Izurieta, Hector] US FDA, Analyt Epidemiol Branch, Div Epidemiol, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Akhtar, Aysha; Ball, Robert] US FDA, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garman, Patrick] USA, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. [Cunningham, Francesca] Pharm Benefits Management Serv, Natl Ctr Patient Safety, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. RP Salmon, DA (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Natl Vaccine Program Off, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, Off Secretary, 200 Independence Ave,SW Room 715H, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM daniel.salmon@hhs.gov OI Krause, Philip/0000-0002-1045-7536; Hughes, Michelle/0000-0002-4436-2236 NR 27 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S78 EP S86 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722L PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100012 PM 21502251 ER PT J AU Vannice, KS Salmon, DA Shui, I Omer, SB Kissner, J Edwards, KM Sparks, R Dekker, CL Klein, NP Gust, DA AF Vannice, Kirsten S. Salmon, Daniel A. Shui, Irene Omer, Saad B. Kissner, Jennifer Edwards, Kathryn M. Sparks, Robert Dekker, Cornelia L. Klein, Nicola P. Gust, Deborah A. TI Attitudes and Beliefs of Parents Concerned About Vaccines: Impact of Timing of Immunization Information SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccine information; vaccine safety; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; parental attitudes and beliefs ID SAFETY; COMMUNICATION; CHALLENGES; PAMPHLETS; MOTHERS; CARE AB OBJECTIVES: To determine if giving vaccine-information materials before the 2-month vaccination visit to mothers with concerns about vaccine safety positively changed their attitudes and beliefs about vaccine safety. METHODS: Mothers who indicated concerns about infant vaccinations were recruited from 2 separate sites in Tennessee and California and were given vaccine information at 1 of 3 times: during a prenatal visit; a 1-week postpartum well-child visit; or a 2-month vaccination visit. A separate group of concerned mothers was assigned to be followed longitudinally at all 3 time points and was analyzed separately. The mothers reviewed a new vaccine-information pamphlet and Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Attitudes and beliefs about immunization were assessed both before and after the review of materials with written surveys. RESULTS: A total of 272 mothers with immunization concerns participated in the study. After review of the materials, mothers in all groups were significantly more likely to respond positively to questions and statements supporting the safety and importance of vaccines. Mothers who received this information at earlier visits were not significantly more likely to respond positively than mothers who received the information at the child's 2-month vaccination visit; however, participating mothers did indicate a preference for receiving vaccine information before the first vaccination visit. CONCLUSIONS: Distribution of the vaccine-information pamphlet and Vaccine Information Statements significantly improved attitudes about vaccination regardless of at what visit they were provided. Allowing adequate time to review vaccine information, even if done at the vaccination visit, may benefit concerned mothers. Pediatrics 2011;127:S120-S126 C1 [Vannice, Kirsten S.; Salmon, Daniel A.] US Dept HHS, Natl Vaccine Program Off, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Shui, Irene; Gust, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kissner, Jennifer; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Sparks, Robert] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Dekker, Cornelia L.; Klein, Nicola P.] Stanford Univ, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. RP Vannice, KS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM kvannice@jhsph.edu RI Omer, Saad/K-1182-2012 OI Omer, Saad/0000-0002-5383-3474 FU GlaxoSmithKline; Merck Co; Sanofi Pasteur; Wyeth (Pfizer); Novartis; MedImmune; Vaccine Attitudes and Risk Perception (VARP); Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) groups; National Institutes of Health [T32HD046405] FX Dr Klein has received research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co, Sanofi Pasteur, Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, and MedImmune; the other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; This study was performed in collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Vaccine Attitudes and Risk Perception (VARP) and Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) groups. Ms Vannice was supported in part by a National Institutes of Health Training Grant in International Maternal and Child Health (T32HD046405). NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S120 EP S126 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722R PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100018 PM 21502250 ER PT J AU Yih, WK Kulldorff, M Fireman, BH Shui, IM Lewis, EM Klein, NP Baggs, J Weintraub, ES Belongia, EA Naleway, A Gee, J Platt, R Lieu, TA AF Yih, W. Katherine Kulldorff, Martin Fireman, Bruce H. Shui, Irene M. Lewis, Edwin M. Klein, Nicola P. Baggs, James Weintraub, Eric S. Belongia, Edward A. Naleway, Allison Gee, Julianne Platt, Richard Lieu, Tracy A. TI Active Surveillance for Adverse Events: The Experience of the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccines; surveillance; epidemiologic methods; statistics ID REAL-TIME SURVEILLANCE; IMMUNIZATION SAFETY; UPDATE; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project's experience with population-based, active surveillance for vaccine safety and draw lessons that may be useful for similar efforts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The VSD comprises a population of 9.2 million people annually in 8 geographically diverse US health care organizations. Data on vaccinations and diagnoses are updated and extracted weekly. The safety of 5 vaccines was monitored, each with 5 to 7 prespecified outcomes. With sequential analytic methods, the number of cases of each outcome was compared with the number of cases observed in a comparison group or the number expected on the basis of background rates. If the test statistic exceeded a threshold, it was a signal of a possible vaccine-safety problem. Signals were investigated by using temporal scan statistics and analyses such as logistic regression. RESULTS: Ten signals appeared over 3 years of surveillance: 1 signal was reported to external stakeholders and ultimately led to a change in national vaccination policy, and 9 signals were found to be spurious after rigorous internal investigation. Causes of spurious signals included imprecision in estimated background rates, changes in true incidence or coding over time, other confounding, inappropriate comparison groups, miscoding of outcomes in electronic medical records, and chance. In the absence of signals, estimates of adverse-event rates, relative risks, and attributable risks from up-to-date VSD data have provided rapid assessment of vaccine safety to policy-makers when concerns about a specific vaccine have arisen elsewhere. CONCLUSIONS: Care with data quality, outcome definitions, comparison groups, and length of surveillance are required to enable detection of true safety problems while minimizing false signals. Some causes of false signals in the VSD system were preventable and have been corrected, whereas others will be unavoidable in any active surveillance system. Temporal scan statistics, analyses to control for confounding, and chart review are indispensable tools in signal investigation. The VSD's experience may inform new systems for active safety surveillance. Pediatrics 2011;127:S54-S64 C1 [Yih, W. Katherine; Kulldorff, Martin; Shui, Irene M.; Platt, Richard; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Yih, W. Katherine; Kulldorff, Martin; Shui, Irene M.; Platt, Richard; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Fireman, Bruce H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Lewis, Edwin M.; Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Baggs, James; Weintraub, Eric S.; Gee, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Yih, WK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM katherine_yih@harvardpilgrim.org RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Merck; Wyeth (now Pfizer); Novartis; Sanofi Pasteur; GlaxoSmithKline; MedImmune (now AstraZeneca); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX Mr Lewis and Dr Klein have received research support from Merck, Wyeth (now Pfizer), Novartis, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, and MedImmune (now AstraZeneca), and all the authors receive funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as investigators or other staff of the Vaccine Safety Datalink project.; This work was supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via America's Health Insurance Plans (contract 200-2002-00732). NR 25 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 SU 1 BP S54 EP S64 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1722I PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 846QK UT WOS:000296918100009 PM 21502252 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Koski, KA Ballard, RC AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Koski, Kathryn A. Ballard, Ronald C. TI The Tale of Two Serologic Tests to Screen for Syphilis-Treponemal and Nontreponemal: Does the Order Matter? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSES; ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; RAPID PLASMA REAGIN; RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; ANTENATAL SYPHILIS; MATERNAL SYPHILIS; DEMONSTRATION PROJECT AB Background: Standard syphilis screening involves an initial screening with a nontreponemal test and confirmation of positives with a treponemal test. However, some laboratories have reversed the order. There is no detailed quantitative and qualitative evaluation for the order of testing. In this study, we analyzed the health and economic outcomes of the order of testing for the 2 serologic tests used in syphilis screening under pure screening settings. Methods: We used a cohort decision analysis to examine the health and economic outcomes of the screening algorithms for low and high prevalence settings. The 2-step algorithms were nontreponemal followed by treponemal (Nontrep-First) and treponemal followed by nontreponemal (Trep-First). We included the 1-step algorithms (treponemal only [Trep-Only] and an on-site nontreponemal only [Nontrep-Only]) for comparison. We estimated overtreatment rates and the number of confirmatory tests required for each algorithm. Results: For a cohort of 10,000 individuals, our results indicated that the overtreatment rates were substantially higher (more than 3 times) for the 1-step algorithms, although they treated a higher number of cases (over 15%). The 2-step algorithms detected and treated the same number of individuals. Among the 2-step algorithms, the Nontrep-First was more cost-effective in the low prevalence setting ($1400 vs. $1500 per adverse outcome prevented) and more cost-saving ($102,000 vs. $84,000) in the high prevalence setting. Conclusions: The difference in cost was largely due to the substantially higher number of confirmatory tests required for the Trep-First algorithm, although the number of cases detected and treated was the same. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Koski, Kathryn A.; Ballard, Ronald C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 448 EP 456 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182036a0f PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 749LN UT WOS:000289468500019 PM 21183862 ER PT J AU Schuetz, AN Guarner, J Packard, MM Zaki, SR Shehata, BM Opreas-Ilies, G AF Schuetz, Audrey N. Guarner, Jeannette Packard, Michelle M. Zaki, Sherif R. Shehata, Bahig M. Opreas-Ilies, Gabriela TI Infectious Disease Immunohistochemistry in Placentas from HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients SO PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; human immunodeficiency virus; immunohistochemistry; infectious diseases; placenta ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; PERINATAL TRANSMISSION; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; SEROPOSITIVE WOMEN; CHILD TRANSMISSION; RISK-FACTORS; PATHOLOGY; ASSAYS; CHORIOAMNIONITIS; PREVENTION AB Studies comparing placental pathology between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative patients have shown conflicting results. In addition, few studies have evaluated the infectious etiology of placental inflammation in HIV-positive patients. We examined a cohort of placentas from 73 HIV-positive and 41 HIV-negative patients to gain a better understanding of the spectrum of placental inflammatory lesions. Bacterial and viral immunohistochemistry (IHC) was run on a subset of placentas (12 HIV-positive and 7 HIV-negative) with the greatest amount of inflammation. Although few histologic differences were seen between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups, chorioamnionitis was of a higher stage in the HIV-positive placentas. An infectious agent was found by IHC in 3 of 7 HIV-negative patients (2 Neisseria spp. and 1 group B Streptococcus). One HIV-positive placenta showed gram-positive cocci on fetal membranes; organisms were not detected by IHC. In 2 patients, the etiologic agent was not suspected prior to IHC. This study identified that acute inflammation is less common in placentas from HIV-positive patients, compared with HIV-negative patients. However, when severe inflammation is present, infectious organisms may be identified by IHC, providing a more specific diagnosis and offering a beneficial impact in maternal and fetal management. C1 [Schuetz, Audrey N.] New York Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Weill Cornell Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Guarner, Jeannette; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guarner, Jeannette] Emory Univ Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Packard, Michelle M.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Shehata, Bahig M.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shehata, Bahig M.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Opreas-Ilies, Gabriela] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Opreas-Ilies, Gabriela] Grady Mem Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schuetz, AN (reprint author), New York Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Weill Cornell Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. EM ans9112@med.cornell.edu RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1093-5266 J9 PEDIATR DEVEL PATHOL JI Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 BP 180 EP 188 DI 10.2350/10-04-0817-OA.1 PG 9 WC Pathology; Pediatrics SC Pathology; Pediatrics GA 814LE UT WOS:000294453700002 PM 21054157 ER PT J AU Doyle, MS Swope, BN Hogsette, JA Burkhalter, KL Savage, HM Nasci, RS AF Doyle, Michael S. Swope, Bethany N. Hogsette, Jerome A. Burkhalter, Kristen L. Savage, Harry M. Nasci, Roger S. TI Vector Competence of the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) for West Nile Virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys calcitrans; biological transmission; mechanical transmission; Pelecanus erythrorhynchos; West Nile virus ID FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; EQUINE INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA; AMERICAN WHITE PELICANS; CULEX-PIPIENS COMPLEX; STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS L; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; FLIES DIPTERA; BOVINE LEUKOSIS; NORTH-AMERICA; SHELBY COUNTY AB In 2006-2007, stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), were suspected of being enzootic vectors of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) during a die-off of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin) (Pelecanidae) in Montana, USA. WNV-positive stable flies were observed feeding en masse on incapacitated, WNV-positive pelicans, arousing suspicions that the flies could have been involved in WNV transmission among pelicans, and perhaps to livestock and humans. We assessed biological transmission by infecting stable flies intrathoracically with WNV and testing them at 2-d intervals over 20 d. Infectious WNV was detected in fly bodies in decreasing amounts over time for only the first 6 d postinfection, an indication that WNV did not replicate within fly tissues and that stable flies cannot biologically transmit WNV. We assessed mechanical transmission using a novel technique. Specifically, we fed WNV-infected blood to individual flies by using a cotton swab (i.e., artificial donor), and at intervals of 1 min-24 h, we allowed flies to refeed on a different swab saturated with WNV-negative blood (i.e., artificial recipient). Flies mechanically transmitted viable WNV from donor to recipient swabs for up to 6 h postinfection, with the majority of the transmission events occurring within the first hour. Flies mechanically transmitted WNV RNA to recipient swabs for up to 24 h, mostly within the first 6 h. Given its predilection to feed multiple times when disturbed, these findings support the possibility that the stable fly could mechanically transmit WNV. C1 [Doyle, Michael S.; Swope, Bethany N.; Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Savage, Harry M.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hogsette, Jerome A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Doyle, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mdoyle@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 22 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 656 EP 668 DI 10.1603/ME10167 PG 13 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800023 PM 21661328 ER PT J AU Barrera, R Amador, M Young, G Komar, N AF Barrera, Roberto Amador, Manuel Young, Ginger Komar, Nicholas TI Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Bloodmeal Sources During a Period of West Nile Virus Transmission in Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; ecology; mosquito; arbovirus vector; reservoir host ID HOST-FEEDING PATTERNS; FLORIDA MOSQUITOS; CULEX AB Host bloodmeals of indigenous Caribbean mosquitoes have not been studied previously. We identified vertebrate DNA in 90 blood-engorged mosquitoes belonging to four genera (Aedes, Culex, Deinocerites, and Uranotaenia) and 12 species that were collected in Puerto Rico within a geographic and temporal focus of West Nile virus transmission in 2007. It was found that 62 (68.8%) bloodmeals were from reptiles, 18 (20.0%) from birds, and 10 (11.1%) from mammals. Only one bloodmeal of 18 derived from Culex (Culex) species was passerine, suggesting a preference for nonpasserine birds and other vertebrates (i.e., reptiles) among the candidate WNV vectors. We interpret the results with respect to vectorial capacity for West Nile virus, an emerging arbovirus throughout the Caribbean Basin. C1 [Young, Ginger; Komar, Nicholas] CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rbarrera@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Numerous private property owners granted permission for field studies, in particular the managers of the Roosevelt Roads Naval Base. Jesus Flores, Orlando Gonzalez, Francisco Medina, Juan Medina, and others provided field assistance and laboratory support. This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Support for employees of the Puerto Rico Department of Health was administered through a Cooperative Agreement. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 701 EP 704 DI 10.1603/ME10281 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800029 PM 21661334 ER PT J AU Larsen, MD Schenker, N Little, R AF Larsen, Michael D. Schenker, Nathaniel Little, Roderick TI Discussion of "Calibrated Bayes, for Statistics in General, and Missing Data in Particular" by R. J. A. Little SO STATISTICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-IMPUTATION; INFORMATION; MODEL; INFERENCES; INCOME; RATES C1 [Larsen, Michael D.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Biostat, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Schenker, Nathaniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Little, Roderick] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Larsen, MD (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Ctr Biostat, 6110 Execut Blvd,Suite 750, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM mlarsen@bsc.gwu.edu; nschenker@cdc.gov; rlittle@umich.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 0883-4237 J9 STAT SCI JI Stat. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 SI SI BP 175 EP 186 DI 10.1214/10-STS318B PG 12 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 808NV UT WOS:000293986600003 ER PT J AU Hawkins, JL Chang, J Palmer, SK Gibbs, CP Callaghan, WM AF Hawkins, Joy L. Chang, Jeani Palmer, Susan K. Gibbs, Charles P. Callaghan, William M. TI Anesthesia-Related Maternal Mortality in the United States: 1979-2002 EDITORIAL COMMENT SO OBSTETRICAL & GYNECOLOGICAL SURVEY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hawkins, Joy L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Anesthesiol, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Oregon Anesthesiol Grp, Portland, OR USA. Univ Florida, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Hawkins, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Anesthesiol, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7828 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL SURV JI Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 66 IS 5 BP 263 EP 264 DI 10.1097/OGX.0b013e318229426a PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 797KT UT WOS:000293127200002 ER PT J AU Shimokura, G Chai, F Weber, DJ Samsa, GP Xia, GL Nainan, OV Tobler, LH Busch, MP Alter, MJ AF Shimokura, Gayle Chai, Feng Weber, David J. Samsa, Gregory P. Xia, Guo-liang Nainan, Omana V. Tobler, Leslie H. Busch, Michael P. Alter, Miriam J. TI Patient-Care Practices Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATIENTS RECEIVING HEMODIALYSIS; HCV INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; HAND HYGIENE; TRANSMISSION; DIALYSIS; SURVIVAL; CONTAMINATION; OUTBREAK; RISK AB OBJECTIVE. To identify patient-care practices related to an increased prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among chronic hemodialysis patients. DESIGN. Survey. SETTING. Chronic hemodialysis facilities in the United States. PARTICIPANTS. Equal-probability 2-stage cluster sampling was used to select 87 facilities from all Medicare-approved providers treating 30-150 patients; 53 facilities and 2,933 of 3,680 eligible patients agreed to participate. METHODS. Patients were tested for HCV antibody and HCV RNA. Data on patient-care practices were collected using direct observation. RESULTS. The overall prevalence of HCV infection was 9.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.2%-11.6%); only 2 of 294 HCV-positive patients were detected solely by HCV RNA testing. After adjusting for non-dialysis-related HCV risk factors, patient-care practices independently associated with a higher prevalence of HCV infection included reusing priming receptacles without disinfection (odds ratio [OR], 2.3 [95% CI, 1.4-3.9]), handling blood specimens adjacent to medications and clean supplies (OR, 2.2 [95% CI, 1.3-3.6]), and using mobile carts to deliver injectable medications (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.0-2.8]). Independently related facility covariates were at least 10% patient HCV infection prevalence (OR, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.8-5.2]), patient-to-staff ratio of at least 7 : 1 (OR, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.4-4.1]), and treatment duration of at least 2 years (OR, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.3-4.4]). CONCLUSIONS. This study provides the first epidemiologic evidence of associations between specific patient-care practices and higher HCV infection prevalence among hemodialysis patients. Staff should review practices to ensure that hemodialysis-specific infection control practices are being implemented, especially handling clean and contaminated items in separate areas, reusing items only if disinfected, and prohibiting mobile medication and clean supply carts within treatment areas. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011; 32(5): 415-424 C1 [Alter, Miriam J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Shimokura, Gayle; Weber, David J.; Samsa, Gregory P.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Chai, Feng; Xia, Guo-liang; Nainan, Omana V.; Alter, Miriam J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tobler, Leslie H.; Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Alter, MJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, 301 Univ Blvd,Mail Route 0435, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM mjalter@utmb.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Association of Schools of Public Health [U36/CCU300430-18, S-16/16-CID97-001]; Ortho Diagnostics; GlaxoSmithKline; General Clinical Research Center [RR00046]; National Institutes of Health [RO1-HL-076902] FX This research was supported by a cooperative agreement and fellowship (to G. S.) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Association of Schools of Public Health (grant U36/CCU300430-18 and fellowship S-16/16-CID97-001); short-term training opportunities from the CDC through the Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine and the Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC (to G. S.); unconditional salary support from Ortho Diagnostics and GlaxoSmithKline (to G. S.); the General Clinical Research Center (grant RR00046 to D.J.W.); and the National Institutes of Health (grant RO1-HL-076902 to M. P. B. and L. H. T.). The CDC assisted in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation and review of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 32 IS 5 BP 415 EP 424 DI 10.1086/659407 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 791GE UT WOS:000292652100001 PM 21515970 ER PT J AU Schwartz, DN Evans, RS Camins, BC Khan, YM Lloyd, JF Shehab, N Stevenson, K AF Schwartz, David N. Evans, R. Scott Camins, Bernard C. Khan, Yosef M. Lloyd, James F. Shehab, Nadine Stevenson, Kurt CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention Epictr TI Deriving Measures of Intensive Care Unit Antimicrobial Use from Computerized Pharmacy Data: Methods, Validation, and Overcoming Barriers SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; ANTIBIOTIC USE; HOSPITALS; CONSUMPTION; RESISTANCE; RECORDS; TRENDS; RECOMMENDATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE AB OBJECTIVE. To outline methods for deriving and validating intensive care unit (ICU) antimicrobial utilization (AU) measures from computerized data and to describe programming problems that emerged. DESIGN. Retrospective evaluation of computerized pharmacy and administrative data. SETTING. ICUs from 4 academic medical centers over 36 months. INTERVENTIONS. Investigators separately developed and validated programming code to report AU measures in selected ICUs. Use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs for systemic administration was categorized and expressed as antimicrobial-days (each day that each antimicrobial drug was given to each patient) and patient-days receiving antimicrobials (each day that any antimicrobial drug was given to each patient). Monthly rates were compiled and analyzed centrally, with ICU patient-days as the denominator. Results were validated against data collected from manual review of medical records. Frequent discussion among investigators aided identification and correction of programming problems. RESULTS. AU data were successfully programmed though a reiterative process of computer code revision. After identifying and resolving major programming errors, comparison of computerized patient-level data with data collected by manual review of medical records revealed discrepancies in antimicrobial-days and patient-days receiving antimicrobials that ranged from less than 1% to 17.7%. The hospital from which numerator data were derived from electronic records of medication administration had the least discrepant results. CONCLUSIONS. Computerized AU measures can be derived feasibly, but threats to validity must be sought out and corrected. The magnitude of discrepancies between computerized AU data and a gold standard based on manual review of medical records varies, with electronic records of medication administration providing maximal accuracy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(5):472-480 C1 [Schwartz, David N.] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Schwartz, David N.] Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Evans, R. Scott; Lloyd, James F.] LDS Hosp Intermt Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Evans, R. Scott] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Camins, Bernard C.] Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Camins, Bernard C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Khan, Yosef M.; Stevenson, Kurt] Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Khan, Yosef M.; Stevenson, Kurt] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Shehab, Nadine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schwartz, DN (reprint author), John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Div Infect Dis, 1901 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM david.schwartz@hektoen.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 U01 CI000327, 1 U01 CI000328, 1 U01 CI000333-01, 1 U01 CI000334-0]; National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [TL1RR024995] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cooperative agreement 1 U01 CI000327, 1 U01 CI000328, 1 U01 CI000333-01, and 1 U01 CI000334-0. B. C. C. received salary support through National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources grant TL1RR024995. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 32 IS 5 BP 472 EP 480 DI 10.1086/659760 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 791GE UT WOS:000292652100009 PM 21515978 ER PT J AU Dendukuri, N Wang, LL Hadgu, A AF Dendukuri, Nandini Wang, Liangliang Hadgu, Alula TI Evaluating Diagnostic Tests for Chlamydia trachomatis in the Absence of a Gold Standard: A Comparison of Three Statistical Methods SO STATISTICS IN BIOPHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bayesian estimation; Biased estimator; Chlamydia trachomatis; Composite reference standard; Latent class models ID ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTS; LATENT CLASS MODELS; DISCREPANT ANALYSIS; CONDITIONAL DEPENDENCE; ACCURACY; ERROR; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; BIAS AB Studies designed to evaluate diagnostic tests for Chlamydia trachomatis typically involve a panel of new and established tests. Statistical analysis of these studies has proven challenging as no gold standard reference test is available. We illustrate a novel multiple latent variable model (MLVM), which improves over earlier methods by recognizing that different diagnostic tests for C. trachomatis may be measuring different targets. For example, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are designed to measure C. trachomatis DNA, while cell culture is designed to measure the presence of current C. trachomatis infection. The MLVM does not arbitrarily assume any test is perfect. Further, it provides separate sensitivity and specificity estimates with respect to each latent target. Using simulated and real data, we will contrast the performance of MLVM with two other methods for evaluating C. trachomatis tests: (i) the composite reference standard (CRS) approach, and (ii) the standard latent class model (TLCM). We show that the tests involved in the definition of the CRS are arbitrarily assumed to have perfect specificity, and that both the CRS and the TLCM assume that all tests are measuring the same latent variable, the "current infection." When these assumptions are not justified, as is frequently the case, the resulting estimates of sensitivity and specificity may be seriously biased. The MLVM attempts to address these problems. C1 [Hadgu, Alula] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Dept Biostat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Dept Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Dendukuri, Nandini] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Wang, Liangliang] Univ British Columbia, Dept Biostat, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Hadgu, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ahadgu@cdc.gov FU Fonds de la Recherche en Sante Quebec FX Nandini Dendukuri is supported by a Chercheur Boursier Junior 2 award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Sante Quebec. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 1946-6315 J9 STAT BIOPHARM RES JI Stat. Biopharm. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 3 IS 2 BP 385 EP 397 DI 10.1198/sbr.2011.10005 PG 13 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 791QX UT WOS:000292680800023 ER PT J AU Deak, E Nelson, M Hernandez-Rodriguez, Y Gade, L Baddley, J Momany, M Steele, C Balajee, SA AF Deak, Eszter Nelson, Michael Hernandez-Rodriguez, Yainitza Gade, Lalitha Baddley, John Momany, Michelle Steele, Chad Balajee, S. Arunmozhi TI Aspergillus terreus accessory conidia are multinucleated, hyperpolarizing structures that display differential dectin staining and can induce heightened inflammatory responses in a pulmonary model of aspergillosis SO VIRULENCE LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus terreus; accessory conidia characterization; beta-glucan; aspergillosis; pathogenesis ID BETA-GLUCAN RECEPTOR; IMMUNE RECOGNITION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; FUMIGATUS; DEFENSE; MACROPHAGES AB In addition to phialidic conidia (PC), A. terreus produces accessory conidia (AC) both in vitro and in vivo. AC are distinct from PC in cell surface architecture, with the AC surfaces displaying more beta-glucan, a molecule that can be a trigger for the induction of inflammatory responses. The present study follows beta-glucan cell surface presentation throughout the course of germination of both types of conidia, and analyzes the differential capacity of AC and PC to elicit immune responses. Results show that AC display early, increased dectin-1 labeling on their cell surfaces compared to PC, and this differential dectin-1 labeling is sustained on the cell surface from the time of breaking dormancy through early germ tube emergence. Mouse alveolar macrophages showed a stronger inflammatory cytokine/chemokine response when challenged with AC than with PC in both ex vivo and in vivo experiments, correlating with the greater exposure of beta-glucan exhibited by AC. Further, histopathologic staining of the lungs from mice challenged with AC demonstrated heightened cell recruitment and increased inflammatory response compared to the lungs of mice challenged with PC. Our study also demonstrates that AC are multinucleate structures with the ability to germinate rapidly, polarizing in multiple directions and producing several hyphal extensions. We present evidence that A. terreus AC are phenotypically distinct from PC and can be potent activators of the innate immune mechanism thus possibly playing a role in this organism's pathogenesis. C1 [Deak, Eszter; Gade, Lalitha; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nelson, Michael; Baddley, John; Steele, Chad] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hernandez-Rodriguez, Yainitza; Momany, Michelle] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fir3@cdc.gov RI Momany, Michelle/L-2327-2016 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL096702, R01 HL096702-01A1, R01 HL096702-01A1S1, R01 HL096702-03]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI068917, R01 AI068917-01A2, R01 AI068917-02] NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2150-5594 J9 VIRULENCE JI Virulence PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 2 IS 3 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.4161/viru.2.3.15799 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 789OD UT WOS:000292524300006 PM 21543882 ER PT J AU Bhengsri, S Baggete, HC Peruski, LF Morway, C Bai, Y Fisk, TL Sitdhirasdr, A Maloney, SA Dowell, SF Kosoy, M AF Bhengsri, Saithip Baggete, Henry C. Peruski, Leonard F. Morway, Christina Bai, Ying Fisk, Tamara L. Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn Maloney, Susan A. Dowell, Scott F. Kosoy, Michael TI BARTONELLA SEROPREVALENCE IN RURAL THAILAND SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; seroprevalence; Thailand ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; SEROLOGICAL CROSS-REACTIONS; HENSELAE; IDENTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; DIVERSITY; RODENTS AB We estimated the prevalence of anti-Bartonella antibodies among febrile and non-febrile patients presenting to community hospitals in rural Thailand from February 2002 through March 2003. Single serum specimens were tested for IgG titers to four Bartonella species, B. henselae, B. quintana, B. elizabethae and B. vinsonii subsp vinsonii using an indirect immunofluorescent assay. A titer >= 1:256 was considered positive. Forty-two febrile patients (9.9%) and 19 non-febrile patients (19%) had positive serology titers to at least one Bartonella species. Age-standardized Bartonella seroprevalence differed significantly between febrile (10%) and non-febrile patients (18%, p = 0.047), but did not differ by gender. Among all 521 patients, IgG titers >= 1:256 to B. henselae were found in 20 participants (3.8%), while 17 (3.3%) had seropositivity to B. quintana, 51(9.8%) to B. elizabethae, and 19 (3.6%) to B. vinsonii subsp vinsonii. These results suggest exposure to Bartonella species is more common in rural Thailand than previously suspected. C1 [Bhengsri, Saithip] Thailand MOPH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Minist Publ Hlth, IEIP,Dept Dis Control,US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Morway, Christina; Bai, Ying; Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bhengsri, S (reprint author), Thailand MOPH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Minist Publ Hlth, IEIP,Dept Dis Control,US CDC Collaborat, 3rd Floor,Bldg 7, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM saithipb@th.cdc.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 42 IS 3 BP 687 EP 692 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 779IZ UT WOS:000291772600024 PM 21706948 ER PT J AU Schwarz, A Juarez, JA Richards, J Rath, B Machaca, VQ Castro, YE Malaga, ES Levy, K Gilman, RH Bern, C Verastegui, M Levy, MZ AF Schwarz, Alexandra Ancca Juarez, Jenny Richards, Jean Rath, Bruno Quispe Machaca, Victor Castro, Yagahira E. Malaga, Edith S. Levy, Katelyn Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn Verastegui, Manuela Levy, Michael Z. TI Anti-triatomine saliva immunoassays for the evaluation of impregnated netting trials against Chagas disease transmission SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triatoma infestans; Impregnated net; Sentinel guinea pig; Saliva; Antibody response ID VECTOR CONTROL; INFESTANS; TRYPANOSOMA; MALARIA; AREQUIPA; PERU AB Insecticide-impregnated nets can kill triatomine bugs, but it remains unclear whether they can protect against Chagas disease transmission. In a field trial in Quequena, Peru, sentinel guinea pigs placed in intervention enclosures covered by deltamethrin-treated nets showed significantly lower antibody responses to saliva of Triatoma infestans compared with animals placed in pre-existing control enclosures. Our results strongly suggest that insecticide-treated nets prevent triatomine bites and can thereby protect against infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Anti-salivary immunoassays are powerful new tools to evaluate intervention strategies against Chagas disease. (C) 2011 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Levy, Katelyn; Levy, Michael Z.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schwarz, Alexandra] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ctr Biol, Inst Parasitol, Lab Genom & Prote Dis Vectors, Ceske Budjovice, Czech Republic. [Ancca Juarez, Jenny; Richards, Jean; Rath, Bruno] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lab Invest & Desarrollo, Lima, Peru. [Quispe Machaca, Victor; Castro, Yagahira E.; Malaga, Edith S.; Verastegui, Manuela] Asociac Benef Prisma, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Levy, MZ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, 819 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM mzlevy@mail.med.upenn.edu FU NIH [5K01 AI079162-03, NIH 3K01AI079162-02S1, 3K01AI079162-03S1, NIH P50 AI074285-04]; UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [P302/11/P798] FX We thank the community of Quequena for their participation. We especially thank Rocio Rodriguez, Amparo Toledo and the sprayers and field collectors who worked on the study. We also thank Gregory Martin, Jeffrey Stancil, David Bentzel, Ellen Dotson, Robert Wirtz, Lucy Rubio, Gena Lawrence, Karim Oppe and Fernando Malaga for assistance and support. The authors thank Torben Frandsen for fabrication and donation of the guinea pig PermaNets, and Jesus Valenzuela for his advice and support. We would also like to thank the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), Ministerio de Salud del Peril (MINSA), Direccion General de Salud de las Personas (DGSP), Estrategia Sanitaria Nacional de Prevencion y Control de Enfermedades Metaxenicas y Otras Transmitidas por Vectores (ESNPCEMOTVS), Direccion General de Salud Ambiental (DIGESA), Gobierno Regional de Arequipa and the Gerencia Regional de Salud de Arequipa (GRSA). Funding for this study came from NIH 5K01 AI079162-03, NIH 3K01AI079162-02S1, 3K01AI079162-03S1 and NIH P50 AI074285-04. This study also received financial support from the UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR Grant) and the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, Grant No. P302/11/P798. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 591 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.02.001 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 774XT UT WOS:000291420800001 PM 21426907 ER PT J AU Bensyl, DM Vesely, SK Tolma, EL Oman, RF Aspy, C AF Bensyl, Diana M. Vesely, Sara K. Tolma, Eleni L. Oman, Roy F. Aspy, Cheryl TI Associations Between Youth Assets and Sexual Intercourse by Household Income SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Youth Development; Income; Youth Assets; Sexual Intercourse; Prevention Research ID RISK BEHAVIORS; FAMILY-STRUCTURE; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; AMERICAN YOUTH; AGE; RACE/ETHNICITY; CHILDBEARING; ADOLESCENTS; PREGNANCY; COMMUNITY AB Purpose. Evaluate youth assets or potential strengths and sexual intercourse associations by household income. Design. Data consisted of youth and parent responses from randomly selected households from a cross-sectional study and wave one of a longitudinal extension of that study. Youth assets and sexual intercourse were compared for four income categories. Setting. Midwestern racially diverse, inner-city neighborhoods. Subjects. One adolescent (12-19 years) and one parent (2335 pairs). Measures. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression. Variables assessed included parent and youth demographics, youth sexual intercourse, and youth assets (adult and peer role models, family communication, use of time [religion or sports], community involvement, future aspirations, responsible choices, and health practices). Results. Youths' mean age was 14.9 (+/- 1.8) years, and 52% were female; 44% of respondents were white. Use of time (religion) was significantly associated with never having sex for all but the lowest income youth (OR range = 1.79-2.64). The variable peer role models was significant for the lowest income (OR = 2.01) and two upper income groups (ORs = 2.52 and 4.27, respectively). The variable future aspirations was significant for the lowest income youth (OR = 1.77). Conclusion. The youth asset variable future aspirations was critical for the lowest income households. Other asset variables, such as peer role models and use of time (religion) were critical regardless of income. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[5]:301-309.) C1 [Oman, Roy F.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Sci, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. [Bensyl, Diana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oman, RF (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Sci, POB 26901,CHB Rm 369, Oklahoma City, OK 73190 USA. EM roy-oman@ouhsc.edu OI Vesely, Sara/0000-0003-3448-0156 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [5 U01DP000132] NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER JOURNAL HEALTH PROMOTION INC PI TROY PA PO BOX 1254, TROY, MI 48099-1254 USA SN 0890-1171 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 5 BP 301 EP 309 DI 10.4278/ajhp.090401-QUAN-124 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 771SH UT WOS:000291180500005 PM 21534832 ER PT J AU Yu, LL Verdon, CP Davis, WC Turk, GC Caldwell, KL Jones, RL Buckley, B Xie, RM AF Yu, Lee L. Verdon, Carl P. Davis, W. Clay Turk, Gregory C. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. Buckley, Brian Xie, Ruimin TI A human urine standard reference material for accurate assessment of arsenic exposure SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID HYDRIDE GENERATION; SPECIATION ANALYSIS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MICROWAVE SYSTEM; NITRIC-ACID; SPECTROMETRY; PHOTOOXIDATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; BEHAVIOR; MS AB Arsenic is a toxic element, and the toxicity of the element is dependent on its molecular form. Accurate assessments of arsenic exposure require the measurement of a complete panel of inorganic, organic, and metabolite arsenic species in urine, including arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), arsenobetaine (AB), and arsenocholine (AC). A certified reference material (CRM) containing the panel of arsenic species in urine is needed for method validation and quality assurance of assessment measurements. Until now, such a CRM was unavailable, due in part to the difficulty in stabilizing arsenic species, especially As(III). For the first time, O(2) in the ambient atmosphere was determined to be the primary cause for the instability of As(III) in an aqueous matrix, and a procedure was developed to stabilize the panel of arsenic species in a dark, low temperature (<-70 degrees C), and oxygen-free environment. Standard Reference Material (R) (SRM) 2669 arsenic species in frozen human urine has been developed to meet the needs in arsenic exposure measurements in general and to support National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), in particular. SRM 2669 is certified for each arsenic species mentioned above at two concentration levels intended to proximate the 50(th) percentile and 95(th) percentile distribution in the US population (concentrations of As(III), As(V), AC, and TMAO in the SRM are adjusted upward of the target percentiles to be above the method detection limits). The SRM was jointly produced by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Measurements leading to the certification were made collaboratively at NIST, CDC, and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. C1 [Yu, Lee L.; Davis, W. Clay; Turk, Gregory C.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Verdon, Carl P.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Buckley, Brian; Xie, Ruimin] Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Yu, LL (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015 OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PD MAY PY 2011 VL 3 IS 5 BP 1107 EP 1115 DI 10.1039/c0ay00611d PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA 772LS UT WOS:000291236000013 ER PT J AU Stefaniak, AB Virji, MA Day, GA AF Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Virji, M. Abbas Day, Gregory A. TI Dissolution of beryllium in artificial lung alveolar macrophage phagolysosomal fluid SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Beryllium; Dissolution; Chronic beryllium disease; Lung burden; Immune diseases ID IN-VITRO; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; SIMULANT FLUID; DISEASE; OXIDE; METAL; SENSITIZATION; EXPOSURE; RISK; ALLOY AB Dissolution of a lung burden of poorly soluble beryllium particles is hypothesized to be necessary for development of chronic beryllium lung disease (CBD) in humans. As such, particle dissolution rate must be sufficient to activate the lung immune response and dissolution lifetime sufficient to maintain chronic inflammation for months to years to support development of disease. The purpose of this research was to investigate the hypothesis that poorly soluble beryllium compounds release ions via dissolution in lung fluid. Dissolution kinetics of 17 poorly soluble particulate beryllium materials that span extraction through ceramics machining (ores, hydroxide, metal, copper-beryllium [CuBe] fume, oxides) and three CuBe alloy reference materials (chips, solid block) were measured over 31 d using artificial lung alveolar macrophage phagolysosomal fluid (pH 4.5). Differences in beryllium-containing particle physicochemical properties translated into differences in dissolution rates and lifetimes in artificial phagolysosomal fluid. Among all materials, dissolution rate constant values ranged from 10(-5) to 10(-10) g cm(-2) d(-1) and half-times ranged from tens to thousands of days. The presence of magnesium trisilicate in some beryllium oxide materials may have slowed dissolution rates. Materials associated with elevated prevalence of CBD had faster beryllium dissolution rates [10(-7)-10(-8) g cm(-2) d(-1)] than materials not associated with elevated prevalence (p < 0.05). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Virji, M. Abbas; Day, Gregory A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop H-2703, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM AStefaniak@cdc.gov; MVirji@cdc.gov; GDay@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported by intramural funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The funding source had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis and interpretation; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit this paper for publication. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2011 VL 83 IS 8 BP 1181 EP 1187 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.088 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 770WY UT WOS:000291120400018 PM 21251696 ER PT J AU Vernet, G Saha, S Satzke, C Burgess, DH Alderson, M Maisonneuve, JF Beall, BW Steinhoff, MC Klugman, KP AF Vernet, G. Saha, S. Satzke, C. Burgess, D. H. Alderson, M. Maisonneuve, J. -F. Beall, B. W. Steinhoff, M. C. Klugman, K. P. TI Laboratory-based diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia: state of the art and unmet needs SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal pneumonia; diagnosis; pneumococci; detection; serotyping ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; DESORPTION IONIZATION-TIME; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; URINARY ANTIGEN TEST; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; MULTIPLEX PCR; CONJUGATE VACCINE; ETIOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS AB In view of the increasing use of pneumococcal vaccines, especially in the developing world, there is a need for appropriate diagnostics to understand the aetiology of pneumonia, to define the burden of pneumococcal disease, and to monitor vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. This article summarizes a meeting on the diagnosis, detection and serotyping of pneumococcal disease organized by PATH and Fondation Merieux (18-20 October 2009, Fondation Merieux Conference Centre, Les Pensieres, France). Workers and experts met to discuss the gaps in the microbiology-based diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae disease, with special emphasis on pneumonia. The meeting was designed to evaluate the state of the art of pneumococcal diagnostics and serotyping methodologies, identify research and development needs, and propose new guidelines to public health authorities to support the introduction of vaccines. Regarding detection, the main recommendations were to encourage chest X-rays and antigen detection in urine. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of test algorithms that associate chest X-rays, antigen detection in urine, S. pneumoniae quantitative PCR in nasopharyngeal aspirates and sputum, and C-reactive protein or procalcitonin measurement in blood. Efforts should be focused on proteomics to identify pneumococcus-specific antigens in urine or host markers in blood expressed during pneumonia. It was recommended to develop S. pneumonioe typing capacities, to understand the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease, and to evaluate vaccine effectiveness. Simple and effective approaches are encouraged, and new technologies based on beads, microarrays or deep sequencing should be developed to determine, in a single test capsular serotype, resistance profile and genotype. C1 [Vernet, G.] Fdn Merieux, F-69007 Lyon, France. [Saha, S.] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Satzke, C.] Royal Childrens Hosp, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Satzke, C.] Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Burgess, D. H.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Alderson, M.; Maisonneuve, J. -F.] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Beall, B. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steinhoff, M. C.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Klugman, K. P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, MRC, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Klugman, K. P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, K. P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vernet, G (reprint author), Fdn Merieux, 17 Rue Bourgelat, F-69007 Lyon, France. EM guy.vernet@fondation-merieux.org RI Satzke, Catherine/D-6501-2013 OI Satzke, Catherine/0000-0003-3164-8849 NR 85 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 SU 3 BP 1 EP 13 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 770YG UT WOS:000291123800001 PM 21457174 ER PT J AU Murashov, V Schulte, P Geraci, C Howard, J AF Murashov, Vladimir Schulte, Paul Geraci, Charles Howard, John TI Regulatory Approaches to Worker Protection in Nanotechnology Industry in the USA and European Union SO INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Nanotechnology; Nanomaterials; Occupational safety; Regulation; Risk management; Standards AB A number of reports have been published regarding the applicability of existing regulatory frameworks to protect consumers and the environment from potentially adverse effects related to introduction of nanomaterials into commerce in the United States and the European Union. However, a detailed comparison of the regulatory approaches to worker safety and health in the USA and in the EU is lacking. This report aims to fill this gap by reviewing regulatory frameworks designed to protect workers and their possible application to nanotechnology. C1 [Murashov, Vladimir; Howard, John] NIOSH, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Schulte, Paul; Geraci, Charles] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Murashov, V (reprint author), NIOSH, 395 E St SW,Suite 9200, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM vmurashov@cdc.gov RI Murashov, Vladimir/K-5481-2012 NR 94 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATL INST OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH, JAPAN PI KAWASAKI KANAGAWA PA 21-1 NAGAO 6-CHOME TAMA-KU, KAWASAKI KANAGAWA, 214, JAPAN SN 0019-8366 J9 IND HEALTH JI Ind. Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 49 IS 3 SI SI BP 280 EP 296 DI 10.2486/indhealth.MS1228 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 771VU UT WOS:000291189600004 PM 21372443 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, LJ Weisler, RH Patkar, AA AF Paulozzi, Leonard J. Weisler, Richard H. Patkar, Ashwin A. TI A National Epidemic of Unintentional Prescription Opioid Overdose Deaths: How Physicians Can Help Control It SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHRONIC PAIN; DISORDERS; ANALGESICS; PREVALENCE; ABUSE AB Both the usage of prescription drugs such as opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines and overdoses involving them have increased dramatically in the United States since the 1990s. Patients using these drugs often have a combination of painful conditions, substance abuse, and other forms of mental illness. Psychiatrists and many primary care physicians might not be familiar with existing evidence-based guidelines for opioid prescribing or with programs designed to reduce the abuse of prescription drugs such as state prescription drug monitoring programs. Psychiatrists need to be informed regarding this problem to partner effectively with both pain specialists and primary care providers in their community. J Clin Psychiatry 2011;72(5):589-592 (C) Copyright 2011 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc. C1 [Paulozzi, Leonard J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weisler, Richard H.; Patkar, Ashwin A.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Weisler, Richard H.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), 601 Sunland Pk Dr,Ste 200, El Paso, TX 79912 USA. EM lbp4@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 2011 VL 72 IS 5 BP 589 EP 592 DI 10.4088/JCP.10com06560 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 772NM UT WOS:000291240600003 PM 21536000 ER PT J AU Nakata, A AF Nakata, Akinori TI Work Hours, Sleep Sufficiency, and Prevalence of Depression Among Full-Time Employees: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE MALE WORKERS; OVERTIME WORK; JOB STRESS; PHYSICAL FATIGUE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; SYMPTOMS; DURATION; DISTURBANCES; INSOMNIA AB Objective: Depression due to long work hours and sleep deprivation is a major occupational health concern. The extent to which work hours and sleep are associated with depression was investigated in employees of small- and medium-scale businesses in the Japanese city of Yashio, Saitama, and in the Ohta ward of Tokyo, a suburb of Tokyo, controlling for various potential confounders. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 2,643 full-time employees (1,928 men and 715 women), aged 18-79 years (mean=45 years), in 296 small- and medium-scale businesses were surveyed from August 2002 to December 2002 using a self-administered questionnaire evaluating work hours, sleep status, and covariates including socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, biological factors, medication usage, and occupational factors. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Prevalence of depression by work hours, sleep status, and covariates was analyzed by chi(2) test. Risk of depression by work hours, sleep status, and both combined was estimated by milltivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Participants working >10 hours per day, sleeping <6 hours per day, and reporting insufficient sleep were, respectively, 37%, 43%, and 97% more likely to be depressed than those working 6 to 8 hours per day, sleeping 6 to <8 hours per day, and reporting sufficient sleep (P < .05). Participants working >10 hours per day or >8 to 10 hours per day with <6 hours per day of sleep showed a 41%-169% higher prevalence of depression versus those working 6 to 8 hours per day with 6+ hours per day of sleep (P <. 05). Participants reporting insufficient sleep in 3 work-hour categories (6 to 8, >8 to 10, and >10 hours per day) showed a 62%-179% increase in the prevalence of depression versus those working 6 to 8 hours per day and reporting sufficient sleep (P <. 05). No significant effects on depression were found for subjects in any work-hour category with 6+ hours of sleep or with subjective sufficient sleep. Conclusions: Depression associated with long work hours is primarily a result of sleep deprivation. Greater attention should be paid to management of sleep deprivation to prevent workplace depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2011;72(5):605-614 (C) Copyright 2011 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc. C1 NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS C24,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov FU Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan FX This research was partly supported by the base funding of the Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan. NR 42 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 27 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 2011 VL 72 IS 5 BP 605 EP 614 DI 10.4088/JCP.10m06397gry PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 772NM UT WOS:000291240600006 PM 21658347 ER PT J AU Madoff, LC Fisman, DN Kass-Hout, T AF Madoff, Lawrence C. Fisman, David N. Kass-Hout, Taha TI A New Approach to Monitoring Dengue Activity SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; DISEASE DETECTION; SURVEILLANCE; VIRUS; FEVER; INFECTIONS; EMERGENCE; EPIDEMIC; SPREAD; WEB C1 [Madoff, Lawrence C.] Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Madoff, Lawrence C.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Immunizat, Boston, MA USA. [Fisman, David N.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fisman, David N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Hlth Policy, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fisman, David N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Management, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fisman, David N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Evaluat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fisman, David N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kass-Hout, Taha] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Madoff, LC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. EM david.fisman@utoronto.ca OI Kass-Hout, Taha/0000-0002-0123-5157 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 5 AR e1215 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001215 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 770OZ UT WOS:000291099100049 PM 21647309 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Budke, CM Schantz, PM Vasquez, J Santivanez, SJ Villavicencio, J AF Moro, Pedro L. Budke, Christine M. Schantz, Peter M. Vasquez, Julio Santivanez, Saul J. Villavicencio, Jaime TI Economic Impact of Cystic Echinococcosis in Peru SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GRANULOSUS INFECTION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRY; TIBETAN PLATEAU; ENDEMIC REGION; DIAGNOSIS; FOCUS AB Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) constitutes an important public health problem in Peru. However, no studies have attempted to estimate the monetary and non-monetary impact of CE in Peruvian society. Methods: We used official and published sources of epidemiological and economic information to estimate direct and indirect costs associated with livestock production losses and human disease in addition to surgical CE-associated disability adjusted life years (DALYs) lost. Findings: The total estimated cost of human CE in Peru was U. S.$ 2,420,348 (95% CI: 1,118,384-4,812,722) per year. Total estimated livestock-associated costs due to CE ranged from U. S.$ 196,681 (95% CI: 141,641-251,629) if only direct losses (i.e., cattle and sheep liver destruction) were taken into consideration to U. S.$ 3,846,754 (95% CI: 2,676,181-4,911,383) if additional production losses (liver condemnation, decreased carcass weight, wool losses, decreased milk production) were accounted for. An estimated 1,139 (95% CI: 861-1,489) DALYs were also lost due to surgical cases of CE. Conclusions: This preliminary and conservative assessment of the socio-economic impact of CE on Peru, which is based largely on official sources of information, very likely underestimates the true extent of the problem. Nevertheless, these estimates illustrate the negative economic impact of CE in Peru. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Budke, Christine M.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [Schantz, Peter M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vasquez, Julio] Portneuf Med Ctr, Pocatello, ID USA. [Vasquez, Julio] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Santivanez, Saul J.] Inst Peruano Parasitol Clin & Expt, Lima, Peru. [Villavicencio, Jaime] Minist Agr, Serv Nacl Sanidad Agr, Lima, Peru. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 5 AR e1179 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001179 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 770OZ UT WOS:000291099100042 PM 21629731 ER PT J AU Reis, C Cote, M Le Rhun, D Lecuelle, B Levin, ML Vayssier-Taussat, M Bonnet, SI AF Reis, Caroline Cote, Martine Le Rhun, Danielle Lecuelle, Benoit Levin, Michael L. Vayssier-Taussat, Muriel Bonnet, Sarah I. TI Vector Competence of the Tick Ixodes ricinus for Transmission of Bartonella birtlesii SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HENSELAE; INFECTION; DOGS; MICE; EMERGENCE; PREVALENT; AGENT; FEVER; MODEL; FLEA AB Bartonella spp. are facultative intracellular vector-borne bacteria associated with several emerging diseases in humans and animals all over the world. The potential for involvement of ticks in transmission of Bartonella spp. has been heartily debated for many years. However, most of the data supporting bartonellae transmission by ticks come from molecular and serological epidemiological surveys in humans and animals providing only indirect evidences without a direct proof of tick vector competence for transmission of bartonellae. We used a murine model to assess the vector competence of Ixodes ricinus for Bartonella birtlesii. Larval and nymphal I. ricinus were fed on a B. birtlesii-infected mouse. The nymphs successfully transmitted B. birtlesii to naive mice as bacteria were recovered from both the mouse blood and liver at seven and 16 days after tick bites. The female adults successfully emitted the bacteria into uninfected blood after three or more days of tick attachment, when fed via membrane feeding system. Histochemical staining showed the presence of bacteria in salivary glands and muscle tissues of partially engorged adult ticks, which had molted from the infected nymphs. These results confirm the vector competence of I. ricinus for B. birtlesii and represent the first in vivo demonstration of a Bartonella sp. transmission by ticks. Consequently, bartonelloses should be now included in the differential diagnosis for patients exposed to tick bites. C1 [Reis, Caroline; Cote, Martine; Le Rhun, Danielle; Vayssier-Taussat, Muriel; Bonnet, Sarah I.] ANSES, USC INRA Bartonella Tiques, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Maisons Alfort, France. [Lecuelle, Benoit] Ecole Natl Vet Alfort, Ctr Rech Biomed, Maisons Alfort, France. [Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Med Entomol Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reis, C (reprint author), ANSES, USC INRA Bartonella Tiques, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Maisons Alfort, France. EM sbonnet@vet-alfort.fr RI Bonnet, Sarah/E-2636-2012 FU INRA; CIRAD institutes; Region Ile de France FX This work was supported by research funds from INRA and CIRAD institutes and by the Region Ile de France. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 5 AR e1186 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001186 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 770OZ UT WOS:000291099100045 PM 21655306 ER PT J AU Sak, B Kvac, M Kucerova, Z Kvetonova, D Sakova, K AF Sak, Bohumil Kvac, Martin Kucerova, Zuzana Kvetonova, Dana Sakova, Kamila TI Latent Microsporidial Infection in Immunocompetent Individuals - A Longitudinal Study SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI INFECTION; ENTEROCYTOZOON-BIENEUSI; INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS; SPECIES DETERMINATION; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT; PCR AMPLIFICATION; STOOL SPECIMENS; DIARRHEA; PREVALENCE; TRAVELERS AB Background: Microsporidia (Fungi) have been repeatedly identified as the cause of opportunistic infections predominantly in immunodeficient individuals such as AIDS patients. However, the global epidemiology of human microsporidiosis is poorly understood and the ability of microsporidia to survive and multiply in immunocompetent hosts remains unsolved. Aims: To determine the presence of latent microsporidia infections in apparently healthy humans in the Czech Republic, the authors tested sera, urine and stool originating from fifteen persons within a three month period examined on a weekly basis. Methods: Sera, stool and urine samples originating from fifteen HIV-negative people at risk with occupational exposure to animals, aged 22-56 years, living in the Czech Republic were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for the presence of specific anti-microsporidial antibodies, standard Calcofluor M2R staining for the detection of microsporidian spores in all urine sediments and stool smears and molecular methods for the microsporidial species determination. Results: Specific anti-microsporidial antibodies were detected in fourteen individuals, asymptomatic Encephalitozoon spp. infection was found in thirteen and E. bieneusi infection was detected in seven of those examined. While E. hellem 1A and E. cuniculi II were the major causative agents identified, seven different genotypes of E. bieneusi were recorded. Conclusions: These findings clearly show that exposure to microsporidia is common and chronic microsporidiosis is not linked to any clinical manifestation in healthy population. Moreover, our results indicate much higher incidence of microsporidial infections among an apparently healthy population than previously reported. These results open the question about the potential risk of reactivation of latent microsporidiosis in cases of immunosupression causing life-threatening disease. C1 [Sak, Bohumil; Kvac, Martin; Kvetonova, Dana] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, VVI, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Kvac, Martin] Univ S Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Fac Agr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Kucerova, Zuzana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sakova, Kamila] Ceske Budejovice Hosp, Virol Lab, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. RP Sak, B (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, VVI, Branisovska 31, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. EM kvac@paru.cas.cz RI Kvac, Martin/G-7299-2014; Sak, Bohumil/G-9262-2014 OI Kvac, Martin/0000-0003-0013-6090; FU Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [KJB500960701]; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [523/07/P117]; Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [Z60220518]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R13AI078718] FX This study was funded by a grant from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (KJB500960701), the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (project No. 523/07/P117), research project of the Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Z60220518) and in part by NIH grant R13AI078718 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analyses, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 5 AR e1162 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001162 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 770OZ UT WOS:000291099100032 PM 21629721 ER PT J AU Foy, BD Kobylinski, KC Foy, JLC Blitvich, BJ da Rosa, AT Haddow, AD Lanciotti, RS Tesh, RB AF Foy, Brian D. Kobylinski, Kevin C. Foy, Joy L. Chilson Blitvich, Bradley J. da Rosa, Amelia Travassos Haddow, Andrew D. Lanciotti, Robert S. Tesh, Robert B. TI Probable Non-Vector-borne Transmission of Zika Virus, Colorado, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MICRONESIA; HAMSTERS; FEVER AB Clinical and serologic evidence indicate that 2 American scientists contracted Zika virus infections while working in Senegal in 2008. One of the scientists transmitted this arbovirus to his wife after his return home. Direct contact is implicated as the transmission route, most likely as a sexually transmitted infection. C1 [Foy, Brian D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Foy, Joy L. Chilson] Poudre Valley Hosp, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Blitvich, Bradley J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [da Rosa, Amelia Travassos; Haddow, Andrew D.; Tesh, Robert B.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Lanciotti, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Foy, BD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM brian.foy@colostate.edu RI Foy, Brian/E-6230-2017; Franco-Hurtado, Fernando/E-5599-2017; OI Foy, Brian/0000-0002-9117-203X; Franco-Hurtado, Fernando/0000-0001-5775-0150; Haddow, Andrew/0000-0002-8957-2608 FU US National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI079528, N01-AI-25489] FX This study was supported by grant AI079528 and contract N01-AI-25489 from the US National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NR 15 TC 264 Z9 286 U1 54 U2 190 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 5 BP 880 EP 882 DI 10.3201/eid1705.101939 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 760AB UT WOS:000290291900020 PM 21529401 ER PT J AU Johnson, KM Antczak, DF Dietz, WH Martin, DH Walton, TE AF Johnson, Karl M. Antczak, Douglas F. Dietz, William H. Martin, David H. Walton, Thomas E. TI The Crab Hole Mosquito Blues SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION; CENTRAL-AMERICA; HORSES; PANAMA AB Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) epizoodemics were reported at 6-10-year intervals in northern South America beginning in the 1920s. In 1937, epizootic VEE virus was isolated from infected horse brain and shown as distinct from the North American equine encephalomyelitis viruses. Subsequently, epizootic and sylvatic strains were isolated in distinct ecosystems; isolates were characterized serologically as epizootic subtype I, variants A/B and C; or sylvatic (enzootic) subtype I, variants D, E, and F, and subtypes II, III, and IV. In 1969, variant I-A/B virus was transported from a major outbreak in northern South America to the borders of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. This musical poem describes the history and ecology of VEE viruses and the epidemiology of an unprecedented 1969 movement of VEE viruses from South America to equids and humans in Central America from Costa Rica to Guatemala and Belize and in Mexico and the United States that continued until 1972. C1 [Antczak, Douglas F.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Walton, TE (reprint author), 5365 N Scottsdale Rd, Eloy, AZ 85131 USA. EM tewalton@q.com NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 5 BP 923 EP 927 DI 10.3201/eid1705.101412 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 760AB UT WOS:000290291900033 PM 21529414 ER PT J AU Mahdi, M Erickson, BR Comer, JA Nichol, ST Rollin, PE AlMazroa, MA Memish, ZA AF Mahdi, Mustafa Erickson, Bobbie Rae Comer, J. Andy Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. AlMazroa, Mohammed A. Memish, Ziad A. TI Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus Alkhurma Subtype in Ticks, Najran Province, Saudi Arabia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER C1 [Erickson, Bobbie Rae; Comer, J. Andy; Nichol, Stuart T.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mahdi, Mustafa] Najran Prevent Med Dept, Najran, Saudi Arabia. [AlMazroa, Mohammed A.; Memish, Ziad A.] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Rollin, PE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pyr3@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 5 BP 945 EP 947 DI 10.3201/eid1705.101824 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 760AB UT WOS:000290291900044 PM 21529425 ER PT J AU Smith, SG Basile, KC Karch, D AF Smith, Sharon G. Basile, Kathleen C. Karch, Debra TI Sexual Homicide and Sexual Violence-Associated Homicide: Findings From the National Violent Death Reporting System SO HOMICIDE STUDIES LA English DT Article DE sexual homicide; sexual violence; NVDRS ID MURDER; STATES; CLASSIFICATION; VICTIMIZATION; MOTIVATION AB Sexual violence is linked to homicide in a variety of ways. In this study the authors analyzed narratives that described the homicide circumstances of 285 homicide victims from 17 states who participated in the National Violent Death Reporting System during 2003-2007. The authors discuss a narrative analysis conducted using qualitative methods that revealed four categories of homicide linked to sexual violence, in addition to classic sexual homicide. In this article, the authors provide descriptions of the circumstances involved in sexual violence-related homicides, narrative examples of each type, and offer an expanded classification of these crimes. The analyses reveal specific types of homicide that are related to the perpetration of sexual violence, some of which have received little to no attention in the sexual violence or homicide literature. The study demonstrates the potential of the NVDRS as a strong data source for sexual homicides as well as other forms of homicide. Finally, the authors discuss implications for ongoing monitoring of homicides that are linked to sexual violence. C1 [Smith, Sharon G.; Basile, Kathleen C.; Karch, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Smith, SG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SSmith4@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1088-7679 J9 HOMICIDE STUD JI Homicide Stud. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 2 BP 132 EP 153 DI 10.1177/1088767911406236 PG 22 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA 768TF UT WOS:000290960600002 ER PT J AU Wen, XJ Balluz, LS AF Wen, Xiao Jun Balluz, Lina S. TI Physical Activity Level and Ischemic Heart Disease Prevalence Among Individuals Aged 45 Years and Older With Normal Weight, BRFSS, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; BMI; coronary heart disease; CHD; LHD; risk behavior ID RISK-FACTOR SURVEILLANCE; PREVENTION; OBESITY; CHD; ASSOCIATION; VALIDITY; HEALTH; DEATH; MEN; NUTRITION AB Background: Most ischemic heart disease (IHD) prevention programs that promote physical activity (PA) have focused on overweight/obese populations. Persons with normal body mass index (BMI) may mistakenly think that they are not at risk for IHD and remain physically inactive. Studies exploring the risk of IHD and PA level among adults aged 45 years and older with normal weight are limited. Methods: Cross-sectional study to examine the prevalence of IHD and PA level among 94455 respondents aged 45 years and older with normal BMI using the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Results: Approximately 50% of respondents reported low/inactive PA. The prevalence of IHD among persons with inactive, low, medium, and high PA was 16.6% (95% CI = 15.1-18.1%), 9.6% (8.9-10.3%), 8.9% (8.3-9.6%), and 5.4% (4.9-5.9%). The adjusted odds ratios of IHD among persons with low, medium, and high PA compared with those with inactive PA was 0.68 (95% CI = 0.59-0.79), 0.63 (0.54-0.73), and 0.49 (0.42-0.57). Conclusions: The percentage of respondents with low or inactive PA among populations aged 45 years and older with BMI 18 to <25 was alarmingly high and independently associated with higher IHD prevalence. Persons who are not overweight/obese still need to have adequate PA to reduce the risk of IHD. C1 [Wen, Xiao Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wen, XJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 475 EP 480 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 768YD UT WOS:000290974900003 PM 21597119 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, BH Shefer, AM Rodewald, L Ahmed, F Gravenstein, S Remsburg, RE AF Bardenheier, Barbara H. Shefer, Abigail M. Rodewald, Lance Ahmed, Faruque Gravenstein, Stefan Remsburg, Robin E. TI In Reply: Influenza Vaccination in Long-Term Care Facilities: More Than Standing Order Programs? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID STATES C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara H.; Shefer, Abigail M.; Rodewald, Lance; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Remsburg, Robin E.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Bardenheier, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 12 IS 4 BP 316 EP 317 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2011.01.011 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 768HK UT WOS:000290924500017 ER PT J AU Hall, T Krahn, GL Horner-Johnson, W Lamb, G AF Hall, Trevor Krahn, Gloria L. Horner-Johnson, Willi Lamb, Gordon TI Examining Functional Content in Widely Used Health-Related Quality of Life Scales SO REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE health-related quality of life; health status; disability; function; bias; measurement ID PERCEIVED HEALTH; OLDER-ADULTS; DISABILITY; OUTCOMES; SUPPORT; INJURY; SF-36 AB Purpose: Assess extent to which generic Quality of Life (QOL) and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) scales include function in assessment of health, and identify health assessment items that are free of functional content. Methods: An expert panel on measurement of health and disability reached consensus on definitions of health, disability, and function. They assessed all items of all generic (non-condition-specific) scales in the 2006 ProQolid database for being important to measuring health as distinct from function. Ratings were summarized as content validity ratios. Retained items were written into standard format and reviewed again by the expert panel and a validity panel with expertise in specific disabilities. Results: Of 85 scales, 21 were retained as containing items important for assessing health. Scales ranged from 100% (BRFSS HRQOL, WHO-5) to only 4% of items rated as important. In further review of "important" items, functional content was identified in many of the items, particularly with regard to mental functioning. Conclusions: Popular generic scales of QOL and HRQOL vary greatly in the degree to which they include content on function. A pool of items can be identified that are relatively free of function. Distinguishing measurement of function and health is particularly important for people with long-standing functional limitations and for assessing the relationship of health with function. C1 [Horner-Johnson, Willi] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Lamb, Gordon] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Psychol, Houston, TX USA. [Krahn, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Trevor] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Child Dev & Rehabil Ctr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Horner-Johnson, W (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, POB 574, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM hornerjo@ohsu.edu OI Horner-Johnson, Willi/0000-0003-3568-1400 NR 24 TC 16 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0090-5550 EI 1939-1544 J9 REHABIL PSYCHOL JI Rehabil. Psychol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 56 IS 2 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1037/a0023054 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Rehabilitation SC Psychology; Rehabilitation GA 769KL UT WOS:000291011800002 PM 21574727 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA AF Rasmussen, S. A. TI Human Teratogens Update 2011 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rasmussen, S. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 91 IS 5 SI SI BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 762QQ UT WOS:000290494900003 ER PT J AU Lin, S Kielb, CL Herdt-Losavio, ML Bell, EM Chapman, BR Rocheleau, CM Waters, MA Lawton, CC Stewart, PA Romitti, PA Druschel, CM AF Lin, S. Kielb, C. L. Herdt-Losavio, M. L. Bell, E. M. Chapman, B. R. Rocheleau, C. M. Waters, M. A. Lawton, C. C. Stewart, P. A. Romitti, P. A. Druschel, C. M. TI Maternal Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and the Risk of Musculoskeletal Birth Defects: A Preliminary Analysis SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lin, S.; Kielb, C. L.; Herdt-Losavio, M. L.; Druschel, C. M.] NYS Dept Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Bell, E. M.] SUNY Albany, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Chapman, B. R.] Upstate Med Univ SUNY, Syracuse, NY USA. [Rocheleau, C. M.; Waters, M. A.; Lawton, C. C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stewart, P. A.] Stewan Exposure Assessments LLC, Arlington, VA USA. [Romitti, P. A.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 91 IS 5 SI SI BP 351 EP 351 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 762QQ UT WOS:000290494900081 ER PT J AU Zhang, P Zhang, XZ Brown, J Vistisen, D Sicree, R Shaw, J Nichols, G AF Zhang, Ping Zhang, Xinzhi Brown, Jonathan Vistisen, Dorte Sicree, Richard Shaw, Jonathan Nichols, Gregory TI Global healthcare expenditure on diabetes for 2010 and 2030 (vol 87, pg 293, 2010) SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Correction C1 [Zhang, Ping; Zhang, Xinzhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brown, Jonathan; Nichols, Gregory] Kaiser Permanente, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Vistisen, Dorte] Steno Diabet Ctr NS, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark. [Sicree, Richard; Shaw, Jonathan] Baker IDI Heart & Diabet Inst, Caulfield, Vic 3162, Australia. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Mailstop K-10,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 92 IS 2 BP 301 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2010.12.025 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 764ER UT WOS:000290612200027 ER PT J AU Thurman, KA Warner, AK Cowart, KC Benitez, AJ Winchell, JM AF Thurman, Kathleen A. Warner, Agnes K. Cowart, Kelley C. Benitez, Alvaro J. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella spp. in clinical specimens using a single-tube multiplex real-time PCR assay SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Real-time PCR; Multiplex real-time PCR; Community-acquired pneumonia ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CHAIN-REACTION ASSAY; CHLAMYDOPHILA-PNEUMONIAE; RESPIRATORY SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; PNEUMOPHILA; INFECTION; DISEASE; ADULTS; PREVENTION AB A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP181), Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae (CP-Arg), Legionella spp. (Pan-Leg), and the human RNase P (RNase P) gene was developed for rapid testing of atypical bacterial respiratory pathogens in clinical specimens. This method uses 4 distinct hydrolysis probes to detect 3 leading causes of community-acquired pneumonia. The assay was evaluated for specificity and sensitivity by testing against 35 related organisms, a dilution series of each specific target and 197 clinical specimens. Specificity testing demonstrated no cross-reactivity. A comparison to previously validated singleplex real-time PCR assays for each agent was also performed. The analytical sensitivity for specific pathogen targets in both the singleplex and multiplex was identical (50 fg), while efficiencies ranged from 82% to 97% for the singleplex assays and from 90% to 100% for the multiplex assay. The clinical sensitivity of the multiplex assay was improved for the Pan-Leg and CP-Arg targets when compared to the singleplex. The MP181 assay displayed equivalent performance. This multiplex assay provides an overall improvement in the diagnostic capability for these agents by demonstrating a sensitive, high-throughput and rapid method. This procedure may allow for a practical and efficient means to test respiratory clinical specimens for atypical pneumonia agents in health care settings and facilitate an appropriate public health response to outbreaks. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Thurman, Kathleen A.; Warner, Agnes K.; Cowart, Kelley C.; Benitez, Alvaro J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 70 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.11.014 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 759ZN UT WOS:000290290500001 PM 21397428 ER PT J AU Milstein, B Homer, J Briss, P Burton, D Pechacek, T AF Milstein, Bobby Homer, Jack Briss, Peter Burton, Deron Pechacek, Terry TI Why Behavioral And Environmental Interventions Are Needed To Improve Health At Lower Cost SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARE; DISEASE; PREVENTION; QUALITY; REFORM; IMPACT AB We used a dynamic simulation model of the US health system to test three proposed strategies to reduce deaths and improve the cost-effectiveness of interventions: expanding health insurance coverage, delivering better preventive and chronic care, and protecting health by enabling healthier behavior and improving environmental conditions. We found that each alone could save lives and provide good economic value, but they are likely to be more effective in combination. Although coverage and care save lives quickly, they tend to increase costs. The impact of protection grows more gradually, but it is a critical ingredient over time for lowering both the number of deaths and reducing costs. Only protection slows the growth in the prevalence of disease and injury and thereby alleviates rather than exacerbates demand on limited primary care capacity. When added to a simulated scenario with coverage and care, protection could save 90 percent more lives and reduce costs by 30 percent in year 10; by year 25, that same investment in protection could save about 140 percent more lives and reduce costs by 62 percent. C1 [Milstein, Bobby] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Syndem Prevent Network, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Homer, Jack] Homer Consulting, Voorhees, NJ USA. [Briss, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burton, Deron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pechacek, Terry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Milstein, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Syndem Prevent Network, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bmilstein@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 8 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 BP 823 EP 832 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2010.1116 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 761WD UT WOS:000290430800004 PM 21555468 ER PT J AU Pratt, RH Winston, CA Kammerer, JS Armstrong, LR AF Pratt, Robert H. Winston, Carla A. Kammerer, J. Steve Armstrong, Lori R. TI Tuberculosis in Older Adults in the United States, 1993-2008 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; aged; surveillance; treatment outcomes; diagnosis ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; ELDERLY PERSONS; INFECTION; REACTIVATION; FACILITIES; RESIDENTS AB OBJECTIVES: To describe older adults with tuberculosis (TB) and compare demographic, diagnostic, and disease characteristics and treatment outcomes between older and younger adults with TB. DESIGN: Descriptive analysis of all confirmed people with TB aged 21 and older. SETTING: The National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS) for the 50 United States and the District of Columbia from 1993 to 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 250,784 adult TB cases were reported, including 61,119 people with TB aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS: TB case count and rates and proportion of TB cases in older adults. RESULTS: Older adults had consistently higher incidence rates of TB than younger adults. In 2008, the rate of TB in older adults was 6.4 per 100,000, compared with 5.0 per 100,000 for younger adults. A lower percentage of older adults had TB diagnostic test results (tuberculin skin test, sputum smear, sputum culture) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status reported. TB risk factors (substance use, homelessness, HIV infection) and multidrug-resistant TB were less prevalent in older than younger adults. Seven percent of older adults were dead at diagnosis, and 21% died during therapy, compared with 2% and 7%, respectively, of younger adults. Sputum culture conversion percentages were similar for people who did not die. Older adults also completed therapy in a timely manner, similar to younger adults. CONCLUSION: Although older adults had higher rates of TB and mortality, for older adults who survived therapy, successful treatment outcomes were similar to those of younger adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 59:851-857, 2011. C1 [Pratt, Robert H.; Winston, Carla A.; Armstrong, Lori R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pratt, Robert H.; Kammerer, J. Steve] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pratt, RH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E 10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rpratt@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Funding was provided solely by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 59 IS 5 BP 851 EP 857 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03369.x PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 763RZ UT WOS:000290578700010 PM 21517786 ER PT J AU Friedman, SD Cooper, EM Calci, KR Genthner, FJ AF Friedman, Stephanie D. Cooper, Emilie M. Calci, Kevin R. Genthner, Fred J. TI Design and assessment of a real time reverse transcription-PCR method to genotype single-stranded RNA male-specific coliphages (Family Leviviridae) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Genotype; Male-specific RNA coliphage; FRNA; F plus coliphage; Real-time RT-PCR; Fecal source-tracking ID RIBONUCLEIC-ACID COLIPHAGES; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; LINE BLOT HYBRIDIZATION; F+-RNA; RT-PCR; FECAL POLLUTION; WASTE-WATER; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; INDICATOR BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB A real-time, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed to differentiate the four genogroups of male-specific ssRNA coliphages (FRNA) (family Leviviridae). As FRNA display a trend of source-specificity (human sewage or animal waste) at the genogroup level, this assay provides a tool to help identify the origin of fecal contamination. Primers and probes were designed using complete genomic sequences from 29 FRNA phages. The final selection of primer/probe sets were based on (i) ability to amplify a single, specific product, (ii) genogroup specificity, (iii) lack of cross-reactivity, and (iv) experimental reproducibility and sensitivity over a range of target concentrations. Assay time was reduced by using heat-released viral RNA rather than purified RNA. For quality assurance, a custom RNA molecule was employed as an internal, non-competitive control. The usefulness of this method to identify sources of fecal contamination was tested on a total of 49 FRNA phages isolated from various warm-blooded animals, sewage and combined sewage overflow. FRNA phages from animal wastes were genotyped as 86% I, 4% III Q-like and 9% IV. Two sewage isolates typed to genogroup I and combined sewage overflow isolates genotyped as 40% II and 52% III. Primer specificity designed from this comprehensive sequence database may better discriminate FRNA from different sources. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Friedman, Stephanie D.; Genthner, Fred J.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Cooper, Emilie M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Calicivirus Lab, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Calci, Kevin R.] US PHS, Food & Drug Adm, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. RP Friedman, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM friedman.stephanie@epa.gov; irw2@cdc.gov; Kevin.Calci@fda.hhs.gov; genthner.fred@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency; EPA's New England Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE) FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1402 from the Gulf Ecology Division.; This research was funded, in part, through EPA's New England Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE). We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Jack Paar, III, U.S. EPA New England Regional Laboratory, for initiating and sponsoring this program. NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD MAY PY 2011 VL 173 IS 2 BP 196 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.02.005 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 767DV UT WOS:000290836400006 PM 21320531 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, IB Singleton, JA Jamieson, DJ Rasmussen, SA Harrison, L AF Ahluwalia, Indu B. Singleton, James A. Jamieson, Denise J. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Harrison, Leslie TI Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Coverage Among Pregnant Women: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; INFANTS; VISITS; IMPACT; VIRUS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; IMMUNIZATION; STATES AB Since 2004, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) have recommended that pregnant women receive the seasonal influenza vaccine, regardless of pregnancy trimester, because of their increased risk for severe complications from influenza. However, the uptake of the influenza vaccine by pregnant women has been low. During the 2009-2010 influenza season, pregnant women were identified as a priority population to receive the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (2009 H1N1) monovalent vaccine in addition to the seasonal influenza vaccine. In this issue, we highlight information from the 10 states that collected data using the survey administered by the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) about seasonal vaccine coverage among women with recent live births and reasons for those who chose not to get vaccinated. The combined estimates from PRAMS of influenza vaccination coverage for the 2009-2010 season, which included data from October 2009 to March 2010, from 10 states were 50.7% for seasonal and 46.6% for 2009 H1N1 vaccine among women with recent live births. Among women who did not get vaccinated, reasons varied from worries about the safety of the vaccines for self and baby to not normally getting the vaccination. Further evaluation is needed on ways to increase influenza vaccination among pregnant women, effectively communicate the risk of influenza illness during pregnancy, and address women's concerns about influenza vaccination safety during pregnancy. C1 [Ahluwalia, Indu B.; Singleton, James A.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Harrison, Leslie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ahluwalia, IB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iahluwalia@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 BP 649 EP 651 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2794 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 766MF UT WOS:000290785800001 PM 21438700 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Bateman, BT AF Kuklina, Elena V. Bateman, Brian T. TI Pregnancy Complications and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women: Stay Tuned SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENDER-SPECIFIC ASPECTS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RISK-FACTORS; PREECLAMPSIA C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bateman, Brian T.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesia Crit Care & Pain Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-37, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 BP 657 EP 659 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2827 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 766MF UT WOS:000290785800003 PM 21599426 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Warner, L Bell, AJ Bukusi, EA Sharma, A Njoroge, B Ngugi, E Jamieson, DJ Eschenbach, DA AF Gallo, Maria F. Warner, Lee Bell, April J. Bukusi, Elizabeth A. Sharma, Anjali Njoroge, Betty Ngugi, Elizabeth Jamieson, Denise J. Eschenbach, David A. TI Determinants of Condom Use Among Female Sex Workers in Kenya: A Case-Crossover Analysis SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; TRANS-AFRICA HIGHWAY; HIV TRANSMISSION; UNPROTECTED SEX; UNSAFE SEX; RISK; BEHAVIOR; DESIGN; IMPACT; UGANDA AB Background: We evaluated predictors of consistent condom use among female sex workers (FSWs), a core group for controlling the spread of HIV. Methods: In an analysis of data collected in 2004-2005 from 140 Kenyan FSWs who completed questionnaires administered during a baseline study visit and three bimonthly follow-up visits, we used a case-crossover design to identify predictors of consistent condom use during all coital acts in the preceding 2 weeks, overall and by partner type. Results: Participants (n = 140) completed the baseline visit and 390 bimonthly follow-up visits. Alcohol use during sex was negatively associated with consistent condom use with helping partners (defined as regular sex partners to whom the woman could go for help or support if needed) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-6.5) but not associated with condom use with other partners. Coital frequency was associated with condom use with other partners only. Women who reported 1-5 (AOR 11.0, 95% CI 4.3-28.3) or 6-9 recent coital acts (AOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.7-8.8) with other partners were more likely to report consistent condom use with those partners than were women who reported >= 10 acts. Having a recent partner delay payment was inversely associated with consistent condom use with helping, other, or all partners. Conclusions: Correlates of consistent condom use differed by partner type. By using a case-crossover design, we were able to identify potentially modifiable factors associated with consistent condom use by FSWs who used condoms consistently with a given partner type during some periods but not others. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Warner, Lee; Bell, April J.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Sharma, Anjali; Eschenbach, David A.] Univ Washington, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Sharma, Anjali; Njoroge, Betty] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Njoroge, Betty] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sharma, Anjali] Univ Washington, Int Training & Educ Ctr HIV I TECH, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ngugi, Elizabeth] Univ Nairobi, Dept Community Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ngugi, Elizabeth] Univ Nairobi, Ctr HIV Prevent & Res, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-4, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Agency for International Development; CONRAD FX This study was funded by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through an interagency agreement with the U.S. Agency for International Development and CONRAD. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 BP 733 EP 738 DI 10.1089/jwh.2010.2436 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 766MF UT WOS:000290785800013 PM 21438697 ER PT J AU Edwards, KT Goddard, J Jones, TL Paddock, CD Varela-Stokes, AS AF Edwards, Kristine T. Goddard, Jerome Jones, Tara L. Paddock, Christopher D. Varela-Stokes, Andrea S. TI Cattle and the Natural History of Rickettsia parkeri in Mississippi SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Ecology; Natural history; Rickettsia; Rickettsia parkeri ID GULF-COAST TICK; AMBLYOMMA-MACULATUM KOCH; SPOTTED-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; OKLAHOMA; IXODIDAE; AGENT; ACARI; HOSTS AB Cattle have been recognized as hosts for Amblyomma maculatum, the Gulf Coast tick, for over 100 years. For nearly as long, A. maculatum have been known to harbor the spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR), now known as Rickettsia parkeri. However, human infection with R. parkeri was not documented until 2004. Results presented herein describe a laboratory and a field study evaluating cattle and the natural history of A. maculatum and R. parkeri in Mississippi. In the laboratory study, seroconversion to R. parkeri antigen occurred in calves exposed to R. parkeri by injection or by feeding R. parkeri-infected A. maculatum, and two out of six animals were transiently rickettsemic. All calves remained clinically normal during the study, except for gotch ear-like lesions in all tick-infested calves, regardless of infection status of ticks, suggesting that R. parkeri is not involved in the condition. In the field study, A. maculatum (n = 34) removed from Mississippi sale barn cattle (n = 183) and the cattle hosts were tested for R. parkeri. Cattle were not rickettsemic by polymerase chain reaction, but 49.7% demonstrated low titers to R. parkeri antigen when tested by indirect fluorescent antibody for SFGR. Of ticks removed from cattle, 11.8% were hemolymph positive and 8.7% were indirect fluorescent antibody positive. Approximately 22% (5/23) and 4% (1/23) of harvested tick extracts were positive for R. parkeri by polymerase chain reaction of the 17 kDa antigen gene and ompA gene, respectively. An amplicon for the ompA gene from one tick was successfully sequenced and showed 100% similarity with the homologous sequence of R. parkeri. Thus, cattle may harbor R. parkeri-infected A. maculatum and produce antibodies to SFGR. Cattle may play a role in the natural history of R. parkeri infection by expanding populations of A. maculatum and transporting R. parkeri-infected ticks to various locations, rather than as a reservoir for R. parkeri. C1 [Edwards, Kristine T.; Goddard, Jerome] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jones, Tara L.; Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Varela-Stokes, Andrea S.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Basic Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Edwards, KT (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 100 12 Lane, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM kt20@msstate.edu NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 485 EP 491 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0056 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 765OD UT WOS:000290717000004 PM 20846012 ER PT J AU Calisher, CH Mills, JN Root, JJ Doty, JB Beaty, BJ AF Calisher, Charles H. Mills, James N. Root, Jon Jeffrey Doty, Jeffrey B. Beaty, Barry J. TI The Relative Abundance of Deer Mice with Antibody to Sin Nombre Virus Corresponds to the Occurrence of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Nearby Humans SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Antibody prevalence; Deer mice; Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; Peromyscus maniculatus; Population abundance; Risk factors; Rodents; Sin Nombre virus ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; NEW-MEXICO; COLORADO; MONTANA; INFECTIONS; HISTORY; DISEASE; RNA AB Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the principal cause of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the United States and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are its principal rodent host, and thus the natural cycle of the virus is related to the occurrence of HPS. Prevalence of rodent infection appears to be associated with fluctuations in deer mouse populations and, indirectly, with timing and amount of precipitation, a complex of biologic events. Given that rodent population abundances fluctuate, often acutely, it is not unreasonable to assume a direct correlation between the numbers of infected rodents and the number of human infections, unless confounding factors are involved. During a 13-year longitudinal study at a site in southwestern Colorado, we accumulated data regarding deer mice and antibody to SNV and therefore had the opportunity to compare dynamics of deer mouse populations, seroprevalence of antibody to SNV in the rodents, and numbers of HPS cases in Durango and in the State of Colorado as a whole. If abundances of deer mouse populations are directly correlated with occurrence of HPS, it is reasonable to assume that low densities of deer mice and low prevalences of antibody to SNV would lead to fewer human cases than would high densities and high prevalences. Our results substantiate such an assumption and suggest that the risk of acquisition of HPS is likely related to both high numbers of infected deer mice and human activities, rather than being strictly related to prevalence of SNV in the host rodent. C1 [Calisher, Charles H.; Root, Jon Jeffrey; Doty, Jeffrey B.; Beaty, Barry J.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mills, James N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis,Coordina, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Calisher, CH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM calisher@cybersafe.net FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia [U50/ccu809862-03] FX We are grateful to Elisabeth Lawaczeck, DVM, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, for providing human HPS case data, including month of onset, county of exposure, county of residence, and outcome of the case (whether died or survived). We also thank Arie Ponce Manangan, Health Scientist/Geospatial Analyst/Geographer, Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, and John Pape, formerly of the Disease Control and Environmental Epidemiology Division, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, for providing summarized hantavirus infection data for humans in Colorado. The authors also are indebted to Richard J. Douglass, Montana Tech of Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, and Harvey Artsob, National Microbiology Laboratory, Health Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, for allowing us to publish their unpublished data regarding Montana and western Canada, respectively, and for sharing with us their insightful observations. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, under cooperative agreement no. U50/ccu809862-03. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 577 EP 582 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0122 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 765OD UT WOS:000290717000015 PM 20954865 ER PT J AU Golightly, YM Hannan, MT Shi, XA Helmick, CG Renner, JB Jordan, JM AF Golightly, Yvonne M. Hannan, Marian T. Shi, Xiaoyan Amy Helmick, Charles G. Renner, Jordan B. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Association of Foot Symptoms With Self-Reported and Performance-Based Measures of Physical Function: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; OLDER PERSONS; DISABILITY; PAIN; PEOPLE; ADULTS; DETERMINANTS; PREVALENCE; LIMITATION; DISORDERS AB Objective. To examine associations of foot symptoms with self-reported and performance-based measures of physical function in a large, biracial, community-based sample of individuals ages >= 45 years. Methods. Data from 2,589 Johnston County participants (evaluated in 1999-2004) were used in cross-sectional analyses. The presence of foot symptoms was defined as pain, aching, or stiffness of at least one foot on most days. Physical function was assessed by the total Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score (0, >0 but <1, and >= 1), timed 5 repeated chair stands (completion time <12 seconds, >= 12 seconds, and unable), and 8-foot walk time (<3.35 seconds and >= 3.35 seconds). Separate multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between foot symptoms and physical function measures, controlling for age, race, sex, body mass index, radiographic knee osteoarthritis, radiographic hip osteoarthritis, knee symptoms, hip symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Interaction terms between each of the 3 physical function measures and each demographic and clinical characteristic were examined. Results. The prevalence of foot symptoms was 37%. Participants with foot symptoms were more likely than those without symptoms to have higher HAQ scores (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.79, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.50-2.12). Among obese participants, those with foot symptoms had longer chair stand (adjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04-1.87) and 8-foot walk times (adjusted OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.21-2.15) than those without symptoms. Conclusion. Foot symptoms were independently and significantly associated with 2 of 3 measures of poorer physical function. Interventions for foot symptoms may be important for helping patients prevent or deal with an existing decline in physical function. C1 [Golightly, Yvonne M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthritis Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hannan, Marian T.] Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA. [Hannan, Marian T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Golightly, YM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthritis Res Ctr, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM golight@email.unc.edu OI Hannan, Marian/0000-0002-9586-6928 FU CDC; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; NIH Arthritis and Immunology T-32 Training [AR-07416]; CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center [5-P60-AR-30701] FX The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project was supported in part by the CDC and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Dr. Golightly's work was supported by the NIH Arthritis and Immunology T-32 Training grant (AR-07416). Drs. Renner and Jordan's work was supported by the CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health (grants S043 and S3486) and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center (grant 5-P60-AR-30701). NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 63 IS 5 BP 654 EP 659 DI 10.1002/acr.20432 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 761ZK UT WOS:000290441800003 PM 21225678 ER PT J AU Valentin-Blasini, L Blount, BC Otero-Santos, S Cao, Y Bernbaum, JC Rogan, WJ AF Valentin-Blasini, Liza Blount, Benjamin C. Otero-Santos, Samaret Cao, Yang Bernbaum, Judy C. Rogan, Walter J. TI Perchlorate Exposure and Dose Estimates in Infants SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE; HUMAN-MILK; BREAST-MILK; IODINE; CREATININE; EXCRETION; URINE; CHILDREN; BENEFITS; QUALITY AB Perchlorate is a naturally occurring inorganic anion used as a component of solid rocket fuel, explosives, and pyrotechnics. Sufficiently high perchlorate intakes can modify thyroid function by competitively inhibiting iodide uptake in adults; however, little is known about perchlorate exposure and health effects in infants. Food intake models predict that infants have higher perchlorate exposure doses than adults. For this reason, we measured perchlorate and related anions (nitrate, thiccyanate, and iodide) in 206 urine samples from 92 infants ages 1-377 days and calculated perchlorate intake dose for this sample of infants. The median estimated exposure dose for this sample of infants was 0.160 mu g/kg/day. Of the 205 individual dose estimates, 9% exceeded the reference dose of 0.7 mu g/kg/day; 6% of infants providing multiple samples had multiple perchlorate dose estimates above the reference dose. Estimated exposure dose differed by feeding method: breast-fed infants had a higher perchlorate exposure dose (geometric mean 0.220 mu g/kg/day) than infants consuming cow milk-based formula (geometric mean 0.103 mu g/kg/day, p < 0.0001) or soy-based formula (geometric mean 0.027 mu g/kg/day, p < 0.0001), consistent with dose estimates based on dietary intake data. The ability of perchlorate to block adequate iodide uptake by the thyroid may have been reduced by the iodine-sufficient status of the infants studied (median urinary iodide 125 mu g/L). Further research is needed to see whether these perchlorate intake doses lead to any health effects. C1 [Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Blount, Benjamin C.; Otero-Santos, Samaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cao, Yang] Second Mil Med Univ, Fac Hlth Serv, Dept Hlth Stat, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Bernbaum, Judy C.] Univ Penn, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Rogan, Walter J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Blount, BC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BBlount@cdc.gov RI Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012; OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160; Cao, Yang/0000-0002-3552-9153 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This work was partially supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences NR 39 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 9 BP 4127 EP 4132 DI 10.1021/es103160j PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 753ZI UT WOS:000289819400048 PM 21449579 ER PT J AU Leaffer, EB Jacoby, A Benn, E Hauser, WA Shih, T Dayan, P Green, R Andrews, H Thurman, DJ Hesdorffer, D AF Leaffer, Emily B. Jacoby, Ann Benn, Emma Hauser, W. Allen Shih, Tina Dayan, Peter Green, Robert Andrews, Howard Thurman, David J. Hesdorffer, Dale TI Associates of stigma in an incident epilepsy population from northern Manhattan, New York City SO EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Epilepsy; Stigma; Depression; Health status; Underserved populations; Northern Manhattan ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; GENERAL-PRACTICE; COMMUNITY; PEOPLE; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; PERSPECTIVE AB Objective: Stigma is associated with prevalent epilepsy, but its association with incident epilepsy is unknown. Methods: We identified 209 children and adults with incident seizures from the diverse impoverished community of northern Manhattan. We interviewed 94 participants, aged 16 and older, about lifetime history of depression, health status, medical history, and stigma. Results: At baseline, 18 (22.5%) participants reported experiencing stigma. Stigma was reported by 9 (50.0%) with depression and 9 (14.5%) without depression (P=0.002). At 1 year, 7 (8.1%) participants reported experiencing stigma. Stigma was reported by 5 (31.3%) with depression versus 1 (1.6%) without depression (P<0.0001). At both time points, odds of stigma increased when lifetime history of depression and fair/poor health was present. Conclusions: Previous work revealed negative effects of prevalent epilepsy on stigma. In the low-income, predominantly Hispanic community of northern Manhattan, we found incident epilepsy was associated with stigma when lifetime history of depression or fair/poor health was present. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Leaffer, Emily B.; Benn, Emma; Hauser, W. Allen; Hesdorffer, Dale] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Leaffer, Emily B.; Benn, Emma; Hauser, W. Allen; Hesdorffer, Dale] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Jacoby, Ann] Univ Liverpool, Dept Hlth Inequal & Social Determinants Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Benn, Emma; Andrews, Howard] Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Hauser, W. Allen] Columbia Univ, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Shih, Tina] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Dayan, Peter] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, Morgan Stanley Childrens Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Green, Robert] Columbia Univ, Dept Emergency Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Thurman, David J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hesdorffer, D (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, P & S Unit 16,630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM dch5@columbia.edu FU Medical Research Council [G0800792] NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1525-5050 J9 EPILEPSY BEHAV JI Epilepsy Behav. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 21 IS 1 BP 60 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.03.007 PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 764MR UT WOS:000290634200010 PM 21482485 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. CA GRIPS Grp TI Strengthening the reporting of Genetic Risk Prediction Studies: The GRIPS statement SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MARKER; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATION; ELABORATION; EXPLANATION; GUIDELINES; MODELS; STROBE; IMPACT C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Med Ctr, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts CTSI, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Med Ctr, POB 2040,Room Ee 21-87, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet); Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam; Center for Medical Systems Biology; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752] FX Workshop was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Health and Human Services. A. Cecile J.W. Janssens is financially supported by grants from the Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI) and the VIDI grant of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). John P. A. Ioannidis: Tufts CTSI is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). Opinions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the Tufts CTSI. Julian Little holds a Canada Research Chair in Human Genome Epidemiology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 453 EP 456 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e318212fa82 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 761XO UT WOS:000290435700013 PM 21502867 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Li, C Zhao, G Tsai, J AF Ford, E. S. Li, C. Zhao, G. Tsai, J. TI Trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in the United States from 1999-2008 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE abdominal obesity; body mass index; population surveillance; socioeconomic factors; trends; waist circumference ID EDUCATIONAL-LEVEL; PUBLIC-HEALTH; US ADULTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; POPULATION AB Background and Objective: The United States has experienced a large increase in the prevalence of obesity since the 1970s. Our objective was to describe recent trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in the United States. Design: Trend study of cross-sectional studies. Subjects: We used data from up to 22 872 men and non-pregnant women aged >= 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008. Main Outcome Measures: Main outcome measures are mean body mass index and waist circumference, percentages of obesity and abdominal obesity. Obesity was defined as a body mass index >= 30 kg m(-2), and abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference >= 102 cm in men and >= 88 cm in women. Results: In men, the age-adjusted mean body mass index, mean waist circumference, and prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity were 27.8 kg m(-2), 99.1 cm, and 26.9 and 37.8%, respectively, during 1999-2000 and 28.5 kg m(-2) (P(trend) = 0.001), 100.8 cm (P(trend) = 0.002), and 32.0 (P(trend) = 0.001) and 43.7% (P(trend) = 0.002), respectively, during 2007-2008. In women, the age-adjusted mean body mass index, mean waist circumference, and prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity were 28.2 kg m(-2), 92.2 cm, and 33.2 and 55.8%, respectively, during 1999-2000 and 28.6 kg m(-2) (P(trend) = 0.181), 94.9 cm (P(trend) = 0.006), and 35.2 (P(trend) = 0.180) and 61.8% (P(trend) = 0.036), respectively, during 2007-2008. Significant linear trends for increasing prevalence of obesity were noted among men with the least and most education. Conclusion: Between 1999 and 2008, both obesity and abdominal obesity increased in men, and abdominal obesity increased in women. International Journal of Obesity (2011) 35, 736-743; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.186; published online 7 September 2010 C1 [Ford, E. S.; Li, C.; Zhao, G.; Tsai, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 736 EP 743 DI 10.1038/ijo.2010.186 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 762WX UT WOS:000290514000013 PM 20820173 ER PT J AU Hartley, TA Shankar, A Fekedulegn, D Violanti, JM Andrew, ME Knox, SS Burchfiel, CM AF Hartley, Tara A. Shankar, Anoop Fekedulegn, Desta Violanti, John M. Andrew, Michael E. Knox, Sarah S. Burchfiel, Cecil M. TI Metabolic Syndrome and Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Urban Police Officers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE MORBIDITY; ELEVATED BLOOD-PRESSURE; LAW-ENFORCEMENT COHORT; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS; RISK-FACTORS; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; YOUNG-ADULTS; MORTALITY AB Objective: To examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) separately in male and female police officers. Methods: MetSyn was defined using 2005 guidelines. B-mode ultrasound was used to measure mean and maximum (12 and 36 segments) carotid artery thickness. Analysis of covariance was used to compare mean IMT values across individuals categorized by number of MetSyn components. Adjustments were made for age, smoking status, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results: Among 106 women, the adjusted mean common and maximum(36) carotid IMT were significantly and positively associated with number of MetSyn components. No associations were found in men (n = 304). Adjusted carotid IMT values were inversely associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and directly with hypertension in women. Conclusions: Number of MetSyn components was significantly associated with carotid IMT in female but not in male officers. C1 [Hartley, Tara A.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Hartley, Tara A.; Shankar, Anoop; Knox, Sarah S.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Hartley, TA (reprint author), NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4050, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM thartley@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2003-01580] FX This work was supported by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health contract number 200-2003-01580. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 53 IS 5 BP 553 EP 561 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182171995 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 761WA UT WOS:000290430500014 PM 21505360 ER PT J AU Barnes, LL Wilson, RS Hebert, LE Scherr, PA Evans, DA de Leon, CFM AF Barnes, Lisa L. Wilson, Robert S. Hebert, Liesi E. Scherr, Paul A. Evans, Denis A. de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes TI Racial Differences in the Association of Education With Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Blacks and Whites SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Education; Functional health; Health disparities; Race ID ELIMINATING HEALTH DISPARITIES; CHILDHOOD SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; LATER LIFE; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PITT COUNTY; TEST-SCORES AB Objectives. Few studies have explicitly tested whether the health disadvantage among older Blacks is consistent across the entire range of education. We examined racial differences in the cross-sectional association of education with physical and cognitive function performance in older adults. Methods. Participants included over 9,500 Blacks and Whites, aged >= 65 years, from the Chicago Health and Aging Project {64% Black, 60% women, mean age = 73.0 (standard deviation [SD] = 6.9), mean education = 12.2 (SD = 3.5)}. Physical function was assessed using 3 physical performance tests, and cognitive function was assessed with 4 performance-based tests; composite measures were created and used in analyses. Results. In multiple regression models that controlled for age, age-squared, sex, and race, and their interactions, Whites and those with higher education (> 12 years) performed significantly better on both functional health measures. The association of education with each indicator of functional health was similar in older Blacks and Whites with low levels (<= 12 years) of education. However, at higher levels of education, there was a significantly more positive association between years of education and these functional health outcomes among Blacks than Whites. Discussion. Results from this biracial population-based sample in the Midwest suggest that Blacks may enjoy greater returns in functional health for additional education beyond high school. C1 [Barnes, Lisa L.; Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Barnes, Lisa L.; Wilson, Robert S.; Evans, Denis A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Barnes, Lisa L.; Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Behav Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Hebert, Liesi E.; Evans, Denis A.; de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Scherr, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Evans, Denis A.; de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Barnes, LL (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, 600 S Paulina,Suite 1038, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM lbarnes1@rush.edu FU National Institute on Aging [AG11101, AG10161, AG22018]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [ES 10902] FX National Institute on Aging (AG11101 and AG10161 to DAE, and AG22018 to LLB); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES 10902 to CFMdL) at the National Institutes of Health. NR 69 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5014 J9 J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. B-Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 66 IS 3 BP 354 EP 363 DI 10.1093/geronb/gbr016 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology GA 757GG UT WOS:000290072900010 PM 21402644 ER PT J AU Zbikowski, SM Jack, LM McClure, JB Deprey, M Javitz, HS McAfee, TA Catz, SL Richards, J Bush, T Swan, GE AF Zbikowski, Susan M. Jack, Lisa M. McClure, Jennifer B. Deprey, Mona Javitz, Harold S. McAfee, Timothy A. Catz, Sheryl L. Richards, Julie Bush, Terry Swan, Gary E. TI Utilization of Services in a Randomized Trial Testing Phone- and Web-Based Interventions for Smoking Cessation SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE PATCH; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INTERNET; PROGRAM; VARENICLINE; MEDIATORS; QUITLINE; USERS AB Introduction: Phone counseling has become standard for behavioral smoking cessation treatment. Newer options include Web and integrated phone-Web treatment. No prior research, to our knowledge, has systematically compared the effectiveness of these three treatment modalities in a randomized trial. Understanding how utilization varies by mode, the impact of utilization on outcomes, and predictors of utilization across each mode could lead to improved treatments. Methods: One thousand two hundred and two participants were randomized to phone, Web, or combined phone-Web cessation treatment. Services varied by modality and were tracked using automated systems. All participants received 12 weeks of varenicline, printed guides, an orientation call, and access to a phone supportline. Self-report data were collected at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Results: Overall, participants utilized phone services more often than the Web-based services. Among treatment groups with Web access, a significant proportion logged in only once (37% phone-Web, 41% Web), and those in the phone-Web group logged in less often than those in the Web group (mean = 2.4 vs. 3.7, p = .0001). Use of the phone also was correlated with increased use of the Web. In multivariate analyses, greater use of the phone- or Web-based services was associated with higher cessation rates. Finally, older age and the belief that certain treatments could improve success were consistent predictors of greater utilization across groups. Other predictors varied by treatment group. Conclusions: Opportunities for enhancing treatment utilization exist, particularly for Web-based programs. Increasing utilization more broadly could result in better overall treatment effectiveness for all intervention modalities. C1 [Zbikowski, Susan M.; Deprey, Mona; Bush, Terry] Free & Clear Inc, Clin & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA USA. [Jack, Lisa M.; Javitz, Harold S.; Swan, Gary E.] SRI Int, Ctr Hlth Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McClure, Jennifer B.; Catz, Sheryl L.; Richards, Julie] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [McAfee, Timothy A.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zbikowski, SM (reprint author), 999 3rd Ave,Suite 2100, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM susan.zbikowski@freeclear.com FU National Cancer Institute [R01CA071358]; Pfizer FX This study was funded by the National Cancer Institute (grant # R01CA071358) and is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00301145). Varenicline and nominal support for recruiting participants were provided by Pfizer, Inc. Neither funding entity had any role in the study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the report for publication.; Dr. SMZ and Ms. MD are employed by Free & Clear, Inc. Dr. TAM was employed by Free & Clear, Inc. at the time the research was conducted. Dr. GES received financial support from Pfizer to attend a one-day advisory meeting in 2008. The authors have no other potential conflicts of interest to report. NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 319 EP 327 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntq257 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 757LR UT WOS:000290087000004 PM 21330267 ER PT J AU Catz, SL Jack, LM McClure, JB Javitz, HS Deprey, M Zbikowski, SM McAfee, T Richards, J Swan, GE AF Catz, Sheryl L. Jack, Lisa M. McClure, Jennifer B. Javitz, Harold S. Deprey, Mona Zbikowski, Susan M. McAfee, Tim Richards, Julie Swan, Gary E. TI Adherence to Varenicline in the COMPASS Smoking Cessation Intervention Trial SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUSTAINED-RELEASE BUPROPION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RECEPTOR PARTIAL AGONIST; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; DOUBLE-BLIND; NICOTINE PATCH; CLINICAL-TRIAL; NASAL SPRAY; THERAPY; SMOKERS AB Introduction: Patient adherence to smoking cessation medications can impact their effectiveness. It is important to understand the extent to which prescribed medications are actually taken by smokers, how this influences smoking cessation outcomes, and what factors may influence adherence. Methods: Smokers recruited from a large health plan were randomized to receive different modes of cessation counseling in combination with varenicline (Swan, G. E., McClure, J. B., Jack, L. M., Zbikowski, S. M., Javitz, H. S., Catz, S. L., et al. 2010.Behavioral counseling and varenicline treatment for smoking cessation. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 38, 482-490). One thousand one hundred and sixty-one participants were mailed a 28-day varenicline supply when they set a quit date and were able to request up to two refills from the health plan pharmacy at no cost. Pharmacy fill records were obtained and telephone surveys completed at baseline, 21 days, 12 weeks, and 6 months post target quit date. Results: Good adherence to varenicline (>= 80% of days taken) was associated with a twofold increase in 6-month quit rates compared with poor adherence (52% vs. 25%). Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to stop varenicline early. Purposeful nonadherence was associated with smoking at 12 weeks and was predicted in multivariate analyses by age, gender, adherence self-efficacy, and initial medication side effect severity. Conclusions: Innovative methods for increasing adherence to smoking cessation medications are needed, particularly early in the quit process. Simple metrics of adherence such as number of days cessation medication is taken can and should be routinely incorporated in effectiveness trials and reported to advance future attempts to understand and reduce nonadherence. C1 [Catz, Sheryl L.; McClure, Jennifer B.; Richards, Julie] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Jack, Lisa M.; Javitz, Harold S.; Swan, Gary E.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Deprey, Mona; Zbikowski, Susan M.] Free & Clear Inc, Seattle, WA USA. [McAfee, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Catz, SL (reprint author), Grp Hlth Res Inst, 1730 Minor Ave,Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM catz.s@ghc.org FU Pfizer; National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R01-CA071358] FX Dr. GES received financial support from Pfizer to attend a one-day advisory meeting in 2008. This research was sponsored by a grant to SRI International by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01-CA071358). NR 32 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 13 IS 5 BP 361 EP 368 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntr003 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 757LR UT WOS:000290087000009 PM 21350041 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, ML Carmichael, SL Shaw, GM Panichello, JD Moore, CA Botto, LD AF Feldkamp, Marcia L. Carmichael, Suzan L. Shaw, Gary M. Panichello, Janice D. Moore, Cynthia A. Botto, Lorenzo D. TI Maternal nutrition and gastroschisis: findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE case-control study; epidemiology; gastroschisis; nutrients; nutrition ID BODY-MASS INDEX; RISK; PREGNANCY; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: Gastroschisis is increasing in many countries, especially among young women. Because young women may have inadequate nutrition, we assessed the relationship between individual nutrients and the risk for gastroschisis. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based case-control study. Cases were ascertained from 10 birth defect surveillance systems. Controls were randomly selected from birth certificates or hospital records. Nutrient intake was estimated for the year prior to conception from maternal interviews based on a 58-item food frequency questionnaire and cereal consumption reported. A total of 694 cases and 6157 controls were available for analysis. RESULTS: Reported intake of individual nutrients did not substantially affect the risk for gastroschisis. Stratification by maternal age, preconception body mass index, folic acid-containing supplements, or energy intake (kilocalories) did not alter risk estimates. CONCLUSION: This study does not support an increased risk for gastroschisis with decreasing tertiles of individual nutrients. C1 [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Panichello, Janice D.; Botto, Lorenzo D.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feldkamp, ML (reprint author), Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, 2C 412 SOM,50 N Mario Capecchi Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM marcia.feldkamp@hsc.utah.edu RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU822097, U01-DD000490]; University of North Carolina Clinical Nutrition Research Center [DK56350] FX This study was supported by Cooperative Agreement nos. U50/CCU822097 and U01-DD000490 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Grant no. DK56350 from the Nutrition Epidemiology Core of the University of North Carolina Clinical Nutrition Research Center. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 204 IS 5 AR 404.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.12.053 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 758YZ UT WOS:000290206200025 PM 21396620 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, R Dotson, E Blackstock, AJ McClintock, S Maheswary, NP Faria, S Islam, S Akter, T Kroeger, A Akhter, S Bern, C AF Chowdhury, Rajib Dotson, Ellen Blackstock, Anna J. McClintock, Shannon Maheswary, Narayan P. Faria, Shyla Islam, Saiful Akter, Tangin Kroeger, Axel Akhter, Shireen Bern, Caryn TI Comparison of Insecticide-Treated Nets and Indoor Residual Spraying to Control the Vector of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mymensingh District, Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PHLEBOTOMUS-ARGENTIPES; INDIAN SUBCONTINENT; KALA-AZAR; ELIMINATION; NEPAL AB Integrated vector management is a pillar of the South Asian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) elimination program, but the best approach remains a matter of debate. Sand fly seasonality was determined in 40 houses sampled monthly. The impact of interventions on Phlebotomus argentipes density was tested from 2006-2007 in a cluster-randomized trial with four arms: indoor residual spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), environmental management (EVM), and no intervention. Phlebotomies argentipes density peaked in March with the highest proportion of gravid females in May. The EVM (mud plastering of wall and floor cracks) showed no impact. The IRS and ITNs were associated with a 70-80% decrease in male and female P argentipes density up to 5 months post intervention. Vector density rebounded by 11 months post-IRS, whereas ITN-treated households continued to show significantly lower density compared with households without intervention. Our data suggest that both IRS and ITNs may help to improve VL control in Bangladesh. C1 [Dotson, Ellen; Blackstock, Anna J.; McClintock, Shannon; Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, DPD CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chowdhury, Rajib] WHO, Reg Off SE Asia, New Delhi, India. [Maheswary, Narayan P.; Faria, Shyla; Islam, Saiful; Akhter, Shireen] Natl Inst Prevent & Social Med, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Akter, Tangin] Univ Dhaka, Dept Zool, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Kroeger, Axel] WHO, Special Programme Res & Training Trop Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, DPD CDC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rajib478@yahoo.com; ebd6@cdc.gov; hyp9@cdc.gov; smcclin@emory.edu; narayanmaheswary@yahoo.com; shylafaria@yahoo.com; tapu_fh@yahoo.com; aktert1@yahoo.com; kroegera@who.int; shireen_nipsom@yahoo.com; cxb9@cdc.gov RI Pileggi, Shannon/L-1320-2016 OI Kroeger, Axel/0000-0001-8438-2904; Pileggi, Shannon/0000-0002-7732-4164 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Initiative; World Health Organization FX The 2002-2003 study was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Initiative. The 2006-2007 study was funded by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 662 EP 667 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0682 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760ZW UT WOS:000290365100003 PM 21540372 ER PT J AU White, GS Pickett, BE Lefkowitz, EJ Johnson, AG Ottendorfer, C Stark, LM Unnasch, TR AF White, Gregory S. Pickett, Brett E. Lefkowitz, Elliot J. Johnson, Amelia G. Ottendorfer, Christy Stark, Lillian M. Unnasch, Thomas R. TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Isolates from Florida SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; CENTRAL ALABAMA; TRANSMISSION; EVOLUTION; VENEZUELAN; VERTEBRATE; ARBOVIRUS; INFERENCE; MRBAYES; MODELS AB Florida has the highest degree of endemicity for eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) of any state in the United States and is the only state with year-round transmission of EEEV. To further understand the viral population dynamics in Florida, the genome sequence of six EEEV isolates from central Florida were determined. These data were used to identify the most polymorphic regions of the EEEV genome from viruses isolated in Florida. The sequence of these polymorphic regions was then determined for 18 additional Florida isolates collected in four geographically distinct regions over a 20-year period. Phylogenetic analyses of these data suggested a rough temporal association of the Florida isolates, but no clustering by region or by source of the isolate. Some clustering of northeastern isolates with Florida isolates was seen, providing support for the hypothesis that Florida serves as a reservoir for the periodic introduction of EEEV into the northeastern United States. C1 [Johnson, Amelia G.; Unnasch, Thomas R.] Univ S Florida, Global Hlth Infect Dis Res Program, Dept Global Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Pickett, Brett E.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pathol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Lefkowitz, Elliot J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Ottendorfer, Christy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Florida Dept Hlth Bur Labs, Tampa, FL USA. RP Unnasch, TR (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Global Hlth Infect Dis Res Program, Dept Global Hlth, 3720 Spectrum Blvd,Suite 304, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM gwhite@cvmvcd.org; bpickett@uab.edu; elliotl@uab.edu; ajohnso3@health.usf.edu; cottendorfer@gmail.com; lillian_stark@doh.state.fl.us; tunnasch@health.usf.edu OI Lefkowitz, Elliot/0000-0002-4748-4925 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI049724] FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Project # R01 AI049724) to Thomas R. Unnasch. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 709 EP 717 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0267 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760ZW UT WOS:000290365100010 PM 21540379 ER PT J AU Verani, JR Abudho, B Montgomery, SP Mwinzi, PNM Shane, HL Butler, SE Karanja, DMS Secor, WE AF Verani, Jennifer R. Abudho, Bernard Montgomery, Susan P. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Shane, Hillary L. Butler, Sara E. Karanja, Diana M. S. Secor, W. Evan TI Schistosomiasis among Young Children in Usoma, Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN KENYA; HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; MANSONI INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; LAKE VICTORIA; COMMUNITY; SCHOOLCHILDREN; SHORELINE; PATTERNS AB Although schistosomiasis burden is greatest among school-age children (SAC) (6-15 years of age), infection among preschool-age children (PSAC) (1-5 years), may be underestimated in endemic areas. We conducted a cross-sectional study evaluating Schistosoma mansoni infection among children 1-15 years of age in a highly endemic community in Kenya. Diagnostic tests included stool exam (Kato/Katz technique), serum testing for schistosome-specific antibodies, and urine testing for circulating cathodic antigen (CCA). Overall, 268 SAC and 216 PSAC were enrolled; prevalence increased with age, with 14% of 1 year olds and more than 90% of children > 10 years of age infected. Stool exam was more sensitive among SAC than PSAC, but performance was similar after adjusting for infection intensity (based on CCA). Schistosomiasis poses a threat to PSAC in endemic areas, and stool exam may underestimate the prevalence of infection. Control programs in such areas should consider PSAC in addition to SAC. C1 [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Shane, Hillary L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Cellular Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM QZR7@cdc.gov; bernabu002@yahoo.com; ZQU6@cdc.gov; PMwinzi@ke.cdc.gov; hshane7@gmail.com; CSU8@cdc.gov; DKaranja@ke.cdc.gov; WAS4@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 787 EP 791 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0685 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760ZW UT WOS:000290365100021 PM 21540390 ER PT J AU Kiggundu, M Nsobya, SL Kamya, MR Filler, S Nasr, S Dorsey, G Yeka, A AF Kiggundu, Moses Nsobya, Samuel L. Kamya, Moses R. Filler, Scott Nasr, Sussan Dorsey, Grant Yeka, Adoke TI Evaluation of a Comprehensive Refresher Training Program in Malaria Microscopy Covering Four Districts of Uganda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE LEVEL; DIAGNOSIS; MANAGEMENT; ACCURACY; TANZANIA AB Microscopy remains the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. However, quality microscopy services are severely lacking in most African countries. To improve capacity for malaria microscopy in Uganda, a 3-day refresher training program was conducted in four districts. Training impact was measured through a written examination and evaluation of the quality of blood-slide preparation and accuracy of field microscopy. A total of 184 of 192 (96%) identified laboratory personnel participated in the training. Average test scores improved from 41% to 75% (P < 0.001). A total of 1,079 and 1,190 routinely made thick blood smears were collected before and after the training, respectively. Sensitivity improved from 84% to 95% (P < 0.001), and specificity improved from 87% to 97% (P < 0.001). The proportion of well-prepared blood smears improved from 6% to 75% (P < 0.001). Supplemental training can have a significant impact on the knowledge of staff, accuracy of microscopy, and quality of blood-slide preparation. C1 Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. Ctr Dis & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kiggundu, Moses; Nsobya, Samuel L.; Yeka, Adoke] Mulago Hosp Complex, Uganda Malaria Surveillance Program, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Makerere Univ, Malaria Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Filler, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nasr, Sussan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Kampala, Uganda. RP Yeka, A (reprint author), Mulago Hosp Complex, Uganda Malaria Surveillance Program, POB 7475, Kampala, Uganda. EM mkiggundu@muucsf.org; samnsobya@yahoo.co.uk; mkamya@nfocom.co.ug; SFiller@cdc.gov; icz1@cdc.gov; gdorsey@medsfgh.ucsf.edu; yadoke@muucsf.org FU President's Malaria Initiative through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU925122] FX This study received financial support from the President's Malaria Initiative through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U50/CCU925122). NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 820 EP 824 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0597 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 760ZW UT WOS:000290365100027 PM 21540396 ER PT J AU Campbell, PJ Morlock, GP Sikes, RD Dalton, TL Metchock, B Starks, AM Hooks, DP Cowan, LS Plikaytis, BB Posey, JE AF Campbell, Patricia J. Morlock, Glenn P. Sikes, R. David Dalton, Tracy L. Metchock, Beverly Starks, Angela M. Hooks, Delaina P. Cowan, Lauren S. Plikaytis, Bonnie B. Posey, James E. TI Molecular Detection of Mutations Associated with First- and Second-Line Drug Resistance Compared with Conventional Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ETHAMBUTOL RESISTANCE; RIFAMPIN RESISTANCE; EMBB306 MUTATIONS; CROSS-RESISTANCE; GYRASE MUTATIONS; RPOB MUTATIONS; KANAMYCIN; STRAINS; CAPREOMYCIN; SEQUENCE AB The emergence of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is a significant impediment to the control of this disease because treatment becomes more complex and costly. Reliable and timely drug susceptibility testing is critical to ensure that patients receive effective treatment and become noninfectious. Molecular methods can provide accurate and rapid drug susceptibility results. We used DNA sequencing to detect resistance to the first-line antituberculosis drugs isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EMB) and the second-line drugs amikacin (AMK), capreomycin (CAP), kanamycin (KAN), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and ofloxacin (OFX). Nine loci were sequenced: rpoB (for resistance to RIF), katG and inhA (INH), pncA (PZA), embB (EMB), gyrA (CIP and OFX), and rrs, eis, and tlyA (KAN, AMK, and CAP). A total of 314 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates representing a variety of antibiotic resistance patterns, genotypes, and geographical origins were analyzed. The molecular data were compared to the phenotypic data and the accuracy values were calculated. Sensitivity and specificity values for the first-line drug loci were 97.1% and 93.6% for rpoB, 85.4% and 100% for katG, 16.5% and 100% for inhA, 90.6% and 100% for katG and inhA together, 84.6% and 85.8% for pncA, and 78.6% and 93.1% for embB. The values for the second-line drugs were also calculated. The size and scope of this study, in numbers of loci and isolates examined, and the phenotypic diversity of those isolates support the use of DNA sequencing to detect drug resistance in the M. tuberculosis complex. Further, the results can be used to design diagnostic tests utilizing other mutation detection technologies. C1 [Campbell, Patricia J.; Morlock, Glenn P.; Sikes, R. David; Dalton, Tracy L.; Metchock, Beverly; Starks, Angela M.; Hooks, Delaina P.; Cowan, Lauren S.; Plikaytis, Bonnie B.; Posey, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Lab Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Posey, JE (reprint author), CDC, Mycobacteriol Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Bldg 17,Room 4029,M-S F08, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jposey@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 150 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 29 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 55 IS 5 BP 2032 EP 2041 DI 10.1128/AAC.01550-10 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 756NM UT WOS:000290019200028 PM 21300839 ER PT J AU Weeks, JN Boyd, KL Rajam, G Ades, EW McCullers, JA AF Weeks, Jenni N. Boyd, Kelli L. Rajam, Gowrisankar Ades, Edwin W. McCullers, Jonathan A. TI Immunotherapy with a Combination of Intravenous Immune Globulin and P4 Peptide Rescues Mice from Postinfluenza Pneumococcal Pneumonia SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; 2009 INFLUENZA A(H1N1); PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; MOUSE MODEL; SURFACE ADHESIN; UNITED-STATES; A H1N1; INFECTION; VIRUS AB Alternate therapies are needed for treatment of secondary bacterial pneumonia following influenza. The immunomodulatory peptide P4 has shown promise in mouse models of primary pneumococcal infection. Mice infected with influenza virus and then challenged with Streptococcus pneumoniae were treated with a combination of P4 peptide and intravenous immune globulin. Survival was improved from 20% to 80% in treated mice relative to controls. Clinical cure correlated with increased clearance of bacteria and decreased lung consolidation. Greater trafficking of professional phagocytic cells to the site of pneumococcal infection coupled with enhanced opsonophagocytosis as manifest by decreased surface display of Fc gamma receptors (Fc gamma R) on neutrophils and macrophages were associated with P4 peptide treatment. This suggests that the mechanism of action for improved clearance of bacteria engendered by P4 is through improved uptake by phagocytes mediated by IgG Fc-Fc gamma receptor interactions following antibody-mediated opsonophagocytosis of bacteria. Antibody-based therapies, when coupled with immune modulators, such as P4 peptide, may be an effective tool together with antibiotics in our armamentarium against severe pneumonia. C1 [Weeks, Jenni N.; McCullers, Jonathan A.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Boyd, Kelli L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Pathol, Div Comparat Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Rajam, Gowrisankar; Ades, Edwin W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCullers, JA (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM jon.mccullers@stjude.org FU public health service [AI-76816]; ALSAC; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by public health service grant AI-76816, ALSAC, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 55 IS 5 BP 2276 EP 2281 DI 10.1128/AAC.00057-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 756NM UT WOS:000290019200057 PM 21383090 ER PT J AU Cuthbert, JP Corrigan, JD Harrison-Felix, C Coronado, V Dijkers, MP Heinemann, AW Whiteneck, GG AF Cuthbert, Jeffrey P. Corrigan, John D. Harrison-Felix, Cynthia Coronado, Victor Dijkers, Marcel P. Heinemann, Allen W. Whiteneck, Gale G. TI Factors That Predict Acute Hospitalization Discharge Disposition for Adults With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Brain injuries; Healthcare disparities; Hospitalization; Nursing homes, Patient discharge; Rehabilitation; Rehabilitation centers ID MODEL SYSTEMS; HEAD-INJURY; ACUTE-CARE; OUTCOMES; MORTALITY; OLDER; INSURANCE; ACCESS; HEALTH; AGE AB Objective: To identify factors predicting acute hospital discharge disposition after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Secondary analysis of existing datasets. Setting: Acute care hospitals. Participants: Adults hospitalized with moderate to severe TBI included in 3 large sets of archival data: (1) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Central Nervous System Injury Surveillance database (n=15,646); (2) the National Trauma Data Bank (n=52,012); and (3) the National Study on the Costs and Outcomes of Trauma (n=1286). Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measure: Discharge disposition from acute hospitalization to 1 of 3 postacute settings: (1) home, (2) inpatient rehabilitation, or (3) subacute settings, including nursing homes and similar facilities. Results: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and length of acute hospital length of stay (LOS) accounted for 35% to 44% of the variance in discharges to home versus not home, while age and sex added from 5% to 8%, and race/ethnicity and hospitalization payment source added another 2% to 5%. When predicting discharge to rehabilitation versus subacute care for those not going home, GCS and LOS accounted for 2% to 4% of the variance, while age and sex added 7% to 31%, and race/ethnicity and payment source added 4% to 5%. Across the datasets, longer LOS, older age, and white race increased the likelihood of not being discharged home; the most consistent predictor of discharge to rehabilitation was younger age. Conclusions: The decision to discharge to home a person with moderate to severe TBI appears to be based primarily on severity-related factors. In contrast, the decision to discharge to rehabilitation rather than to subacute care appears to reflect sociobiologic and socioeconomic factors; however, generalizability of these results is limited by the restricted range of potentially important variables available for analysis. C1 [Cuthbert, Jeffrey P.; Harrison-Felix, Cynthia; Whiteneck, Gale G.] Craig Hosp, Res Dept, Englewood, CO USA. [Corrigan, John D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Coronado, Victor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dijkers, Marcel P.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, New York, NY USA. [Heinemann, Allen W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Heinemann, Allen W.] Rehabil Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Cuthbert, JP (reprint author), 3425 S Clarkson St, Englewood, CO 80113 USA. EM JCuthbert@Craighospital.org RI Corrigan, John/E-2921-2011; Heinemann, Allen /K-6283-2012; OI Heinemann, Allen /0000-0003-2782-7326; Dijkers, Marcel/0000-0002-8362-5596 FU National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of Education [H133A060038]; Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Centers [H133A070022]; Ohio State University [H133A070029]; Mount Sinai Medical Center [H133A070033]; Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago [H133A080045] FX Supported by a supplemental grant to the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Data and Statistical Center from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of Education (grant no. H133A060038): and Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Centers grants to Craig Hospital (grant no. H133A070022), Ohio State University (grant no. H133A070029), Mount Sinai Medical Center (grant no. H133A070033), and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago (grant no. H133A080045). NR 41 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 15 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 BP 721 EP 730 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.12.023 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 759YO UT WOS:000290288000005 PM 21530719 ER PT J AU Antonini, JM Roberts, JR Stone, S Chen, BT Schwegler-Berry, D Chapman, R Zeidler-Erdely, PC Andrews, RN Frazer, DG AF Antonini, James M. Roberts, Jenny R. Stone, Samuel Chen, Bean T. Schwegler-Berry, Diane Chapman, Rebecca Zeidler-Erdely, Patti C. Andrews, Ronnee N. Frazer, David G. TI Persistence of deposited metals in the lungs after stainless steel and mild steel welding fume inhalation in rats SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Welding fume; Inhalation; Lung burden; Lung clearance; Pulmonary toxicity ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; DEFENSE RESPONSES; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; MANGANESE EXPOSURE; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; WELDERS; INFLAMMATION; FIBROSIS; RECOVERY AB Welding generates complex metal fumes that vary in composition. The objectives of this study were to compare the persistence of deposited metals and the inflammatory potential of stainless and mild steel welding fumes, the two most common fumes used in US industry. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 40 mg/m(3) of stainless or mild steel welding fumes for 3 h/day for 3 days. Controls were exposed to filtered air. Generated fume was collected, and particle size and elemental composition were determined. Bronchoalveolar lavage was done on days 0, 8, 21, and 42 after the last exposure to assess lung injury/inflammation and to recover lung phagocytes. Non-lavaged lung samples were analyzed for total and specific metal content as a measure of metal persistence. Both welding fumes were similar in particle morphology and size. Following was the chemical composition of the fumes-stainless steel: 57% Fe, 20% Cr, 14% Mn, and 9% Ni; mild steel: 83% Fe and 15% Mn. There was no effect of the mild steel fume on lung injury/inflammation at any time point compared to air control. Lung injury and inflammation were significantly elevated at 8 and 21 days after exposure to the stainless steel fume compared to control. Stainless steel fume exposure was associated with greater recovery of welding fume-laden macrophages from the lungs at all time points compared with the mild steel fume. A higher concentration of total metal was observed in the lungs of the stainless steel welding fume at all time points compared with the mild steel fume. The specific metals present in the two fumes were cleared from the lungs at different rates. The potentially more toxic metals (e.g., Mn, Cr) present in the stainless steel fume were cleared from the lungs more quickly than Fe, likely increasing their translocation from the respiratory system to other organs. C1 [Antonini, James M.; Roberts, Jenny R.; Stone, Samuel; Chen, Bean T.; Schwegler-Berry, Diane; Chapman, Rebecca; Zeidler-Erdely, Patti C.; Frazer, David G.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Andrews, Ronnee N.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP Antonini, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 2015, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jga6@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) FX The authors thank Amy Moseley, Jared Cumpston, and Donny Leonard from the inhalation exposure team for their expert technical assistance during the project. Funding for the project was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). The authors also thank the National Toxicology Program for additional support during the development of the welding fume generator and exposure system. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 487 EP 498 DI 10.1007/s00204-010-0601-1 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 760IU UT WOS:000290318800004 PM 20924559 ER PT J AU Wu, CK Chang, MH Lin, JW Caffrey, JL Lin, YS AF Wu, Cho-Kai Chang, Man-Huei Lin, Jou-Wei Caffrey, James L. Lin, Yu-Sheng TI Renal-related biomarkers and long-term mortality in the US subjects with different coronary risks SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE Kidney function tests; Biological markers; Risk assessment; Nutrition surveys ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; CYSTATIN-C; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; COMMUNITY; ADULTS; DEATH AB Objective: The objective was to evaluate the association of a panel of renal biomarkers with long-term mortalities. Methods: Participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) aged 35 years and above were included and Framingham risk scores were calculated. Renal-related biomarkers, including creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), cystatin C, uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, urinary cadmium, albuminuria, homocysteine, and vitamin D were tested by Cox-regression model for their association with all-cause, cardiovascular (CV), and non-CV mortality obtained from the 2006 NHANES III-linked follow-up data, stratified by sex and Framingham risk. Results: In the 4873 men and 5372 women, 36.3%, 28.1%, and 35.6% of men and 67.2%, 25.8%, and 7.0% of women were classified into low-, intermediate-, and high coronary risk groups. With an average follow-up of 13.2 years, a total of 3632 deaths and 1657 CV deaths were recorded. Albuminuria was associated with all-cause mortality in both sexes across coronary risk groups. Creatinine-based eGFR provided additional differential capacity only in the women with intermediate-to-high coronary risk. Cystatin C was associated with all-cause mortality in the men with intermediate-to-high coronary risk and with CV mortality in the women with low coronary risk. Urinary cadmium was positively related to non-CV mortality. High vitamin D was protective against cardiovascular mortality in a limited category of men and women. Conclusions: Albuminuria is associated with long-term all-cause mortalities independent of Framingham risks. Adding the panel of renal biomarkers provides limited advantages for predicting risk when compared to FRS alone. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Cho-Kai; Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Ctr Cardiovasc, Dou Liou, Yun Lin, Taiwan. [Wu, Cho-Kai; Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Hlth Management Ctr, Dou Liou, Yun Lin, Taiwan. [Wu, Cho-Kai; Lin, Jou-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Chang, Man-Huei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Integrat Physiol, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Lin, Yu-Sheng] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Lin, JW (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Yun Lin Branch, Ctr Cardiovasc, Dou Liou, Yun Lin, Taiwan. EM jouweilin@yahoo.com; Yu-Sheng.Lin@unthsc.edu OI WU, CHO-KAI/0000-0002-3867-150X FU University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth [G62024]; National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch [98.X002, 99.X004] FX This work was in part supported by the G62024 Interdisciplinary Research Grant from the University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth and by the grants from National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch (98.X002 and 99.X004). NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 216 IS 1 BP 226 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.01.046 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 758YV UT WOS:000290205800037 PM 21371709 ER PT J AU White, A Vernon, SW Franzini, L Du, XLL AF White, Arica Vernon, Sally W. Franzini, Luisa Du, Xianglin L. TI Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening Persisted Despite Expansion of Medicare's Screening Reimbursement SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; ENROLLEES; TRENDS; GENERALIZABILITY; BENEFICIARIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COVERAGE; PROSTATE AB Objective: We examined the effect of Medicare's expansion of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test reimbursement on racial/ethnic disparities in CRC screening. Methods: CRC screening was ascertained for Medicare beneficiaries (n = 30,893), aged 70 to 89, who had no history of any tumor and resided in 16 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results regions of the United States from 1996 to 2005. CRC screening tests were identified in the 5% sample of Medicare claims. Age-gender-adjusted percentages and -adjusted odds of receiving any guideline-specific CRC screening [i.e., annual fecal occult blood test (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy every 5 years or colonoscopy every 10 years] by race/ethnicity and Medicare coverage expansion period (i.e., prior to FOBT coverage, FOBT coverage only, and post-colonoscopy coverage) were reported. Results: CRC screening increased as Medicare coverage expanded for white and black Medicare beneficiaries. However, blacks were less likely than whites to receive screening prior to FOBT coverage (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.90), during FOBT coverage only (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.83) and after colonoscopy coverage (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95). Hispanics were less likely to receive screening after colonoscopy coverage (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.99). Conclusions: Despite the expansion of Medicare coverage for CRC screening tests, racial/ethnic differences in CRC screening persisted over time in this universally insured population, especially for blacks and Hispanics. Future studies should explore other factors beyond health insurance that may contribute to screening disparities in this and younger populations. Impact: Although CRC screening rates increased over time, they were still low according to recommendations. More effort is needed to increase CRC screening among all Medicare beneficiaries. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(5); 811-7. (C)2011 AACR. C1 [White, Arica; Du, Xianglin L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA. [Vernon, Sally W.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Franzini, Luisa] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Management Policy & Community Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP White, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM awhite5@cdc.gov FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) [R01-HS016743]; University of Texas School of Public Health; National Cancer Institute [R25CA57712] FX This study was supported by a grant from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) (R01-HS016743). Dr. Arica White was supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship from the University of Texas School of Public Health Cancer Education and Career Development Program; National Cancer Institute Grant R25CA57712. NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 BP 811 EP 817 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0963 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 759MU UT WOS:000290251000012 PM 21546366 ER PT J AU Saile, E Boons, GJ Buskas, T Carlson, RW Kannenberg, EL Barr, JR Boyer, AE Gallegos-Candela, M Quinn, CP AF Saile, Elke Boons, Geert-Jan Buskas, Therese Carlson, Russell W. Kannenberg, Elmar L. Barr, John R. Boyer, Anne E. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Quinn, Conrad P. TI Antibody Responses to a Spore Carbohydrate Antigen as a Marker of Nonfatal Inhalation Anthrax in Rhesus Macaques SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; BIOSYNTHETIC OPERON; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; POSTAL WORKERS; UNITED-STATES; WASHINGTON; EXOSPORIUM; DC; TETRASACCHARIDE; GLYCOPROTEIN AB The Bacillus anthracis exosporium protein BclA contains an O-linked antigenic tetrasaccharide whose terminal sugar is known as anthrose (J. M. Daubenspeck et al., J. Biol. Chem. 279: 30945-30953, 2004). We hypothesized that serologic responses to anthrose may have diagnostic value in confirming exposure to aerosolized B. anthracis. We evaluated the serologic responses to a synthetic anthrose-containing trisaccharide (ATS) in a group of five rhesus macaques that survived inhalation anthrax following exposure to B. anthracis Ames spores. Two of five animals (RM2 and RM3) were treated with ciprofloxacin starting at 48 hours postexposure and two (RM4 and RM5) at 72 h postexposure; one animal (RM1) was untreated. Infection was confirmed by blood culture and detection of anthrax toxin lethal factor (LF) in plasma. Anti-ATS IgG responses were determined at 14, 21, 28, and 35 days postexposure, with preexposure serum as a control. All animals, irrespective of ciprofloxacin treatment, mounted a specific, measurable anti-ATS IgG response. The earliest detectable responses were on days 14 (RM1, RM2, and RM5), 21 (RM4), and 28 (RM3). Specificity of the anti-ATS responses was demonstrated by competitive-inhibition enzyme immunoassay (CIEIA), in which a 2-fold (wt/wt) excess of carbohydrate in a bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate of the oligosaccharide (ATS-BSA) effected > 94% inhibition, whereas a structural analog lacking the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-butyryl moiety at the C-4 '' of the anthrosyl residue had no inhibition activity. These data suggest that anti-ATS antibody responses may be used to identify aerosol exposure to B. anthracis spores. The anti-ATS antibody responses were detectable during administration of ciprofloxacin. C1 [Saile, Elke] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MPIR Lab, NCIRD, DBD,MVPDB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Boons, Geert-Jan; Buskas, Therese; Carlson, Russell W.; Kannenberg, Elmar L.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Barr, John R.; Boyer, Anne E.; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kannenberg, Elmar L.] Univ Tubingen, Dept Microbiol & Biotechnol, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Gallegos-Candela, Maribel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saile, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MPIR Lab, NCIRD, DBD,MVPDB, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-01, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ESaile@cdc.gov RI Boons, Geert-Jan/J-3211-2016 OI Boons, Geert-Jan/0000-0003-3111-5954 FU NIAID [R21 AI059577]; NIH [GM065248]; DOE [DE-FG02-93ER20097]; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Atlanta, GA; Battelle Biomedical Research Center, Columbus, OH [SPO700-00-D-3180]; Biomedical Advance Research and Development Authority (BARDA) FX This work was supported by NIAID grant R21 AI059577 (to R.W.C.), by NIH grant GM065248 (to G.-J.B.), and in part by DOE grant DE-FG02-93ER20097 (to the CCRC). E.S. was funded in part through the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Atlanta, GA. Part of the work was performed by Battelle Biomedical Research Center, Columbus, OH, under contract SPO700-00-D-3180. We also gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Biomedical Advance Research and Development Authority (BARDA). NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 18 IS 5 BP 743 EP 748 DI 10.1128/CVI.00475-10 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 758IB UT WOS:000290156600007 PM 21389148 ER PT J AU Porwancher, RB Hagerty, CG Fan, JQ Landsberg, L Johnson, BJB Kopnitsky, M Steere, AC Kulas, K Wong, SJ AF Porwancher, Richard B. Hagerty, C. Greg Fan, Jianqing Landsberg, Lisa Johnson, Barbara J. B. Kopnitsky, Mark Steere, Allen C. Kulas, Karen Wong, Susan J. TI Multiplex Immunoassay for Lyme Disease Using VlsE1-IgG and pepC10-IgM Antibodies: Improving Test Performance through Bioinformatics SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; SERODIAGNOSIS; CLASSIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; PEPTIDE; VLSE; REGRESSION; ACCURACY; CRITERIA AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention currently recommends a 2-tier serologic approach to Lyme disease laboratory diagnosis, comprised of an initial serum enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi followed by supplementary IgG and IgM Western blotting of EIA-positive or -equivocal samples. Western blot accuracy is limited by subjective interpretation of weakly positive bands, false-positive IgM immunoblots, and low sensitivity for detection of early disease. We developed an objective alternative second-tier immunoassay using a multiplex microsphere system that measures VlsE1-IgG and pepC10-IgM antibodies simultaneously in the same sample. Our study population comprised 79 patients with early acute Lyme disease, 82 patients with early-convalescent-phase disease, 47 patients with stage II and III disease, 34 patients post-antibiotic treatment, and 794 controls. A bioinformatic technique called partial receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) regression was used to combine individual antibody levels into a single diagnostic score with a single cutoff; this technique enhances test performance when a high specificity is required (e. g., >= 95%). Compared to Western blotting, the multiplex assay was equally specific (95.6%) but 20.7% more sensitive for early-convalescent-phase disease (89.0% versus 68.3%, respectively; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] for difference, 12.1% to 30.9%) and 12.5% more sensitive overall (75.0% versus 62.5%, respectively; 95% CI for difference, 8.1% to 17.1%). As a second-tier test, a multiplex assay for VlsE1-IgG and pepC10-IgM antibodies performed as well as or better than Western blotting for Lyme disease diagnosis. Prospective validation studies appear to be warranted. C1 [Porwancher, Richard B.; Landsberg, Lisa] Infect Dis Consultants PC, Mercerville, NJ 08619 USA. [Porwancher, Richard B.; Hagerty, C. Greg] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Fan, Jianqing] Princeton Univ, Dept Operat Res & Financial Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Johnson, Barbara J. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Kopnitsky, Mark] Zeus Sci Inc, Branchburg, NJ USA. [Steere, Allen C.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, Boston, MA USA. [Kulas, Karen; Wong, Susan J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. RP Porwancher, RB (reprint author), Infect Dis Consultants PC, 1245 Whitehorse Mercerville Rd,Suite 411, Mercerville, NJ 08619 USA. EM porwancher@aol.com FU SBIR-AT-NIAID [1R43AI069564-01, -01S1]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Zeus Scientific, Inc., to Health Research, Inc., Menands, NY FX Financial support was provided by SBIR-AT-NIAID grants 1R43AI069564-01 and -01S1 to Infectious Disease Consultants, PC, from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and by a grant from Zeus Scientific, Inc., to Health Research, Inc., Menands, NY, a nonprofit organization which supported the work performed by S.J.W. and K.K. at the NYSDOH, Albany, NY, for this study. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 18 IS 5 BP 851 EP 859 DI 10.1128/CVI.00409-10 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 758IB UT WOS:000290156600022 PM 21367982 ER PT J AU Boobis, A Budinsky, R Collie, S Crofton, K Embry, M Felter, S Hertzberg, R Kopp, D Mihlan, G Mumtaz, M Price, P Solomon, K Teuschler, L Yang, R Zaleski, R AF Boobis, Alan Budinsky, Robert Collie, Shanna Crofton, Kevin Embry, Michelle Felter, Susan Hertzberg, Richard Kopp, David Mihlan, Gary Mumtaz, Moiz Price, Paul Solomon, Keith Teuschler, Linda Yang, Raymond Zaleski, Rosemary TI Critical analysis of literature on low-dose synergy for use in screening chemical mixtures for risk assessment SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Chemical mixtures; low dose; risk assessment; synergy; TTC ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; FOCI DEVELOPMENT; TERNARY MIXTURE; HEALTH-RISK; TOXICOLOGY; RATS; CARCINOGENICITY; ENHANCEMENT; COMBINATION AB There is increasing interest in the use of tiered approaches in risk assessment of mixtures or co-exposures to chemicals for prioritization. One possible screening-level risk assessment approach is the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC). To date, default assumptions of dose or response additivity have been used to characterize the toxicity of chemical mixtures. Before a screening-level approach could be used, it is essential to know whether synergistic interactions can occur at low, environmentally relevant exposure levels. Studies demonstrating synergism in mammalian test systems were identified from the literature, with emphasis on studies performed at doses close to the points of departure (PODs) for individual chemicals. This search identified 90 studies on mixtures. Few included quantitative estimates of low-dose synergy; calculations of the magnitude of interaction were included in only 11 papers. Quantitative methodology varied across studies in terms of the null hypothesis, response measured, POD used to test for synergy, and consideration of the slope of the dose-response curve. It was concluded that consistent approaches should be applied for quantification of synergy, including that synergy be defined in terms of departure from dose additivity; uniform procedures be developed for assessing synergy at low exposures; and the method for determining the POD for calculating synergy be standardized. After evaluation of the six studies that provided useful quantitative estimates of synergy, the magnitude of synergy at low doses did not exceed the levels predicted by additive models by more than a factor of 4. C1 [Embry, Michelle] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Boobis, Alan] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Budinsky, Robert; Price, Paul] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Collie, Shanna] Synergy Toxicol, Boerne, TX USA. [Crofton, Kevin] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Felter, Susan] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Hertzberg, Richard; Kopp, David] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mihlan, Gary] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mumtaz, Moiz] Ctr Dis Control, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Solomon, Keith] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Teuschler, Linda] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Yang, Raymond] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Zaleski, Rosemary] ExxonMobil Biomed Sci Inc, Annandale, NJ USA. RP Embry, M (reprint author), ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM membry@ilsi.org RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Boobis, Alan/0000-0003-3371-386X FU HESI Mixtures Committee FX The employment affiliations of the authors are shown on the cover page. These individuals had the sole responsibility for the writing and content of the paper. The individual authors worked as professionals in preparing the article and not as agents of their employers. The literature review used as the basis of this article was performed by three of the authors (R. H., S. C., and D. K.) and funded by the HESI Mixtures Committee, which collects funding from member companies to support the project. Four of the authors (A. B., D. K., K. S., and R.Y.) are affiliated with universities, two authors (R. H. and S. C.) are independent consultants providing services to public and private organizations, three of the authors* are affiliated with government agencies, one author (M. E.) is affiliated with a nonprofit organization and six of the authors (R. B., S. F., G. M., P. P., and R.Z.) are employed by private corporations. Government and academic committee participants were reimbursed for travel expenses to attend committee meetings and did not receive any other compensation. (*The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policy of the US EPA or the Centers for Disease Control, ATSDR.) NR 42 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 5 U2 40 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 369 EP 383 DI 10.3109/10408444.2010.543655 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 760MX UT WOS:000290329500001 PM 21309635 ER PT J AU Shrestha, SS Zhang, P Albright, A Imperatore, G AF Shrestha, Sundar S. Zhang, Ping Albright, Ann Imperatore, Giuseppina TI Medical Expenditures Associated With Diabetes Among Privately Insured U.S. Youth in 2007 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE COSTS; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; UNITED-STATES; US YOUTH; SEARCH; PREVALENCE; TYPE-1; POPULATION; PREDICTORS; MELLITUS AB OBJECTIVE-To estimate, among privately insured youth in the U.S., medical expenditures associated with diabetes and the difference in medical expenditures between individuals with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (ITDM) and with non-ITDM (NITDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Using the 2007 Market Scan commercial claims and encounter database, we analyzed data for 49,356 youth (aged <= 19 years) who were continuously enrolled in fee-for-service health plans. Youth with diabetes (cases) were identified from inpatient, outpatient, and pharmaceutical drug claims. Each case was matched with five controls (without diabetes) by age (+/- 2 years), sex, census region, and urban versus rural residence. We used regression models to estimate medical expenditures in total and by component (inpatient, outpatient, and medication). RESULTS-The predicted mean annual total per-person medical expenditures were $9,061 for youth with diabetes and $1,468 for those without, an excess of $7,593 for those with diabetes; of which, 43% was for prescription drugs. The predicted mean annual total expenditures were $9,333 for ITDM youth and $5,683 for NITDM youth, respectively, an excess of $3,650 for those with ITDM diabetes, of which 59% was for prescription drugs. CONCLUSIONS-The excess medical expenditures associated with diabetes, ITDM in particular, among youth are substantial. Our estimates of excess expenditures can be used to assess the economic burden of diabetes overall and by diabetes treatment mode. Our estimated excess expenditure for NITDM may be used for evaluating the economic efficiency of interventions aimed at preventing type 2 diabetes in U.S. youth. C1 [Shrestha, Sundar S.; Zhang, Ping; Albright, Ann; Imperatore, Giuseppina] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shrestha, SS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM sshrestha@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 2011 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1097 EP 1101 DI 10.2337/dc10-2177 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 761RV UT WOS:000290419200008 PM 21525502 ER PT J AU McEwen, LN Kim, C Ettner, SL Herman, WH Karter, AJ Beckles, GL Brown, AF AF McEwen, Laura N. Kim, Catherine Ettner, Susan L. Herman, William H. Karter, Andrew J. Beckles, Gloria L. Brown, Arleen F. TI Competing Demands for Time and Self-Care Behaviors, Processes of Care, and Intermediate Outcomes Among People With Diabetes Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; CAREGIVERS; QUALITY; WOMEN; RISK AB OBJECTIVE-To determine whether competing demands for time affect diabetes self-care behaviors, processes of care, and intermediate outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We used survey and medical record data from 5,478 participants in Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) and hierarchical regression models to examine the cross-sectional associations between competing demands for time and diabetes outcomes, including self-management, processes of care, and intermediate health outcomes. RESULTS-Fifty-two percent of participants reported no competing demands, 7% reported caregiving responsibilities only, 36% reported employment responsibilities only, and 6% reported both caregiving and employment responsibilities. For both women and men, employment responsibilities (with or without caregiving responsibilities) were associated with lower rates of diabetes self-care behaviors, worse processes of care, and, in men, worse HbA(1c). CONCLUSIONS-Accommodations for competing demands for time may promote self-management and improve the processes and outcomes of care for employed adults with diabetes. C1 [McEwen, Laura N.; Kim, Catherine; Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kim, Catherine] Univ Michigan, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ettner, Susan L.; Brown, Arleen F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Ettner, Susan L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Herman, William H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Karter, Andrew J.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Beckles, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McEwen, LN (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM lmattei@med.umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Division of Diabetes Translation) [04005]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases FX This study was jointly funded by Program Announcement Number 04005 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Division of Diabetes Translation) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Significant contributions to this study were made by members of the TRIAD Study Group. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 2011 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1180 EP 1182 DI 10.2337/dc10-2038 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 761RV UT WOS:000290419200022 PM 21464464 ER PT J AU Wells, EM Navas-Acien, A Herbstman, JB Apelberg, BJ Silbergeld, EK Caldwell, KL Jones, RL Halden, RU Witter, FR Goldman, LR AF Wells, Ellen M. Navas-Acien, Ana Herbstman, Julie B. Apelberg, Benjamin J. Silbergeld, Ellen K. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. Halden, Rolf U. Witter, Frank R. Goldman, Lynn R. TI Low-Level Lead Exposure and Elevations in Blood Pressure during Pregnancy SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE benchmark dose; blood pressure; hypertension; lead; pregnancy; risk assessment; umbilical cord ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; CORD-BLOOD; INDUCED HYPERTENSION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ASSOCIATION; BONE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREECLAMPSIA AB BACKGROUND: Lead exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure during pregnancy; however, the magnitude of this relationship at low exposure levels is unclear. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to determine the association between low-level lead exposure and blood pressure during late pregnancy. METHODS: We collected admission and maximum (based on systolic) blood pressures during labor and delivery among 285 women in Baltimore, Maryland. We measured umbilical cord blood lead using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, race, median household income, parity, smoking during pregnancy, prepregnancy body mass index, and anemia. These models were used to calculate benchmark dose values. RESULTS: Geometric mean cord blood lead was 0.66 mu g/dL (95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.70). Comparing blood pressure measurements between those in the highest and those in the lowest quartile of lead exposure, we observed a 6.87-mmHg (1.51-12.21 mmHg) increase in admission systolic blood pressure and a 4.40-mmHg (0.21-8.59 mmHg) increase in admission diastolic blood pressure after adjustment for confounders. Corresponding values for maximum blood pressure increase were 7.72 (1.83-13.60) and 8.33 (1.14-15.53) mmHg. Benchmark dose lower limit values for a 1-SD increase in blood pressure were < 2 mu g/dL blood lead for all blood pressure end points. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association between low-level lead exposures and elevations in maternal blood pressure during labor and delivery can be observed at umbilical blood lead levels < 2 mu g/dL. C1 [Goldman, Lynn R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Wells, Ellen M.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Wells, Ellen M.; Navas-Acien, Ana; Silbergeld, Ellen K.; Halden, Rolf U.; Goldman, Lynn R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Navas-Acien, Ana; Apelberg, Benjamin J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Herbstman, Julie B.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Tempe, AZ USA. [Witter, Frank R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Goldman, LR (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, 2300 Eye St NW,Suite 106, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM sphlrg@gwumc.edu RI Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010; OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361; Wells, Ellen/0000-0002-7293-1395 FU Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research; National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [1R01ES015445]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Science FX This study received funding from the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant 1R01ES015445, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) fellowship program. NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 119 IS 5 BP 664 EP 669 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002666 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 757MK UT WOS:000290089800032 PM 21292600 ER PT J AU Mocarelli, P Gerthoux, PM Needham, LL Patterson, DG Limonta, G Falbo, R Signorini, S Bertona, M Crespi, C Sarto, C Scott, PK Turner, WE Brambilla, P AF Mocarelli, Paolo Gerthoux, Pier Mario Needham, Larry L. Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Limonta, Giuseppe Falbo, Rosanna Signorini, Stefano Bertona, Maria Crespi, Carla Sarto, Cecilia Scott, Paul K. Turner, Wayman E. Brambilla, Paolo TI Perinatal Exposure to Low Doses of Dioxin Can Permanently Impair Human Semen Quality SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE breast-feeding; dioxin; environmental endocrine disrupters; human sperm impairment; human sperm quality; perinatal exposure; reproductive hormones; TCDD ID SERTOLI-CELLS; YOUNG MEN; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; SPERM COUNTS; HUMAN TESTIS; INHIBIN B; POPULATION; SERUM; SMOKING; SEVESO AB BACKGROUND: In recent decades, young men in some industrialized areas have reportedly experienced a decrease in semen quality. OBJECTIVE: We examined effects of perinatal dioxin exposure on sperm quality and reproductive hormones. METHODS: We investigated sperm quality and hormone concentrations in 39 sons (mean age, 22.5 years) born between 1977 and 1984 to mothers exposed to dioxin after the accident in Seveso, Italy (1976), and 58 comparisons (mean age, 24.6 years) born to mothers exposed only to background dioxin. Maternal dioxin levels at conception were extrapolated from the concentrations measured in 1976 serum samples. RESULTS: The 21 breast-fed sons whose exposed mothers had a median serum dioxin concentration as low as 19 ppt at conception had lower sperm concentration (36.3 vs. 86.3 million/mL; p = 0.002), total count (116.9 vs. 231.1; p = 0.02), progressive motility (35.8 vs. 44.2%; p = 0.03), and total motile count (38.7 vs. 98 million; p = 0.01) than did the 36 breast-fed comparisons. The 18 formula-fed exposed and the 22 formula-fed and 36 breast-fed comparisons (maternal dioxin background 10 ppt at conception) had no sperm-related differences. Follicle-stimulating hormone was higher in the breast-fed exposed group than in the breast-fed comparisons (4.1 vs. 2.63 IU/L; p = 0.03) or the formula-fed exposed (4.1 vs. 2.6 IU/L; p = 0.04), and inhibin B was lower (breast-fed exposed group, 70.2; breast-fed comparisons, 101.8 pg/mL, p = 0.01; formula-fed exposed, 99.9 pg/mL, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In utero and lactational exposure of children to relatively low dioxin doses can permanently reduce sperm quality. C1 [Mocarelli, Paolo; Gerthoux, Pier Mario; Limonta, Giuseppe; Falbo, Rosanna; Signorini, Stefano; Bertona, Maria; Crespi, Carla; Sarto, Cecilia; Brambilla, Paolo] Hosp Desio, Univ Dept Lab Med, Monza Brianza, Italy. [Mocarelli, Paolo; Brambilla, Paolo] Univ Milano Bicocca, Sch Med, Milan, Italy. [Needham, Larry L.; Patterson, Donald G., Jr.; Turner, Wayman E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA USA. [Scott, Paul K.] ChemRisk Inc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mocarelli, P (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Lab Med, Hosp Desio, Via Mazzini 1, I-20033 Desio, Italy. EM mocarelli@uds.unimib.it RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 FU Regione Lombardia, Milano, Italy [2896]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by grant 2896 from Regione Lombardia, Milano, Italy, and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 19 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 119 IS 5 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002134 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 757MK UT WOS:000290089800040 PM 21262597 ER PT J AU Veluthoor, S Kelsey, RG Gonzalez-Hernandez, MP Panella, N Dolan, M Karchesy, J AF Veluthoor, Sheeba Kelsey, Rick G. Gonzalez-Hernandez, M. P. Panella, Nicholas Dolan, Marc Karchesy, Joe TI Composition of the heartwood essential oil of incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens Torr.) SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE Calocedrus decurrens; GC-MS; heartwood essential oil ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; EXTRACTIVE COMPONENTS; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; YELLOW-CEDAR; CARVACROL; IXODIDAE C1 [Karchesy, Joe] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Veluthoor, Sheeba] SIAS, SCRAMM, Med Chem Lab, Malappurum 673633, Kerala, India. [Kelsey, Rick G.] US Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gonzalez-Hernandez, M. P.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Crop Prod, Lugo 27002, Spain. [Panella, Nicholas; Dolan, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Karchesy, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM joe.karchesy@oregonstate.edu OI Gonzalez-Hernandez, M.P./0000-0002-0519-1702 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 3 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1515/HF.2011.051 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 761EO UT WOS:000290378900007 ER PT J AU Kohler, BA Ward, E McCarthy, BJ Schymura, MJ Ries, LAG Eheman, C Jemal, A Anderson, RN Ajani, UA Edwards, BK AF Kohler, Betsy A. Ward, Elizabeth McCarthy, Bridget J. Schymura, Maria J. Ries, Lynn A. G. Eheman, Christie Jemal, Ahmedin Anderson, Robert N. Ajani, Umed A. Edwards, Brenda K. TI Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2007, Featuring Tumors of the Brain and Other Nervous System SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; BREAST-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; PROSTATE-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; LUNG-CANCER; INCIDENCE RATES; RECENT TRENDS; ADULT GLIOMA; ALLERGIC CONDITIONS AB Background The American Cancer Society, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Cancer Institute, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) collaborate annually to provide updated information on cancer occurrence and trends in the United States. This year's report highlights brain and other nervous system (ONS) tumors, including nonmalignant brain tumors, which became reportable on a national level in 2004. Methods Cancer incidence data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute, CDC, and NAACCR, and information on deaths was obtained from the CDC's National Center for Health Statistics. The annual percentage changes in age-standardized incidence and death rates (2000 US population standard) for all cancers combined and for the top 15 cancers for men and for women were estimated by joinpoint analysis of long-term (1992-2007 for incidence; 1975-2007 for mortality) trends and short-term fixed interval (1998-2007) trends. Analyses of malignant neuroepithelial brain and ONS tumors were based on data from 1980-2007; data on nonmalignant tumors were available for 2004-2007. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Overall cancer incidence rates decreased by approximately 1% per year; the decrease was statistically significant (P < .05) in women, but not in men, because of a recent increase in prostate cancer incidence. The death rates continued to decrease for both sexes. Childhood cancer incidence rates continued to increase, whereas death rates continued to decrease. Lung cancer death rates decreased in women for the first time during 20032007, more than a decade after decreasing in men. During 2004-2007, more than 213 500 primary brain and ONS tumors were diagnosed, and 35.8% were malignant. From 1987-2007, the incidence of neuroepithelial malignant brain and ONS tumors decreased by 0.4% per year in men and women combined. Conclusions The decrease in cancer incidence and mortality reflects progress in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment. However, major challenges remain, including increasing incidence rates and continued low survival for some cancers. Malignant and nonmalignant brain tumors demonstrate differing patterns of occurrence by sex, age, and race, and exhibit considerable biologic diversity. Inclusion of nonmalignant brain tumors in cancer registries provides a fuller assessment of disease burden and medical resource needs associated with these unique tumors. C1 [Kohler, Betsy A.] N Amer Assoc Cent Canc Registries, Springfield, IL 62404 USA. [Ward, Elizabeth; Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance & Hlth Policy Res Dept, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McCarthy, Bridget J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. [Schymura, Maria J.] New York State Canc Registry, Menands, NY USA. [Ries, Lynn A. G.; Edwards, Brenda K.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Eheman, Christie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Robert N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Kohler, BA (reprint author), N Amer Assoc Cent Canc Registries, 2121 W White Oaks Dr,Ste B, Springfield, IL 62404 USA. EM bkohler@naaccr.org FU American Cancer Society; National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; North American Association of Central Cancer Registries; National Cancer Institute FX The American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Funding to pay for the Open Access publication charges associated with the article was provided by the National Cancer Institute. NR 118 TC 292 Z9 302 U1 3 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 103 IS 9 BP 714 EP 736 DI 10.1093/jnci/djr077 PG 23 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 760IG UT WOS:000290317400007 PM 21454908 ER PT J AU Shiels, MS Pfeiffer, RM Gail, MH Hall, HI Li, JM Chaturvedi, AK Bhatia, K Uldrick, TS Yarchoan, R Goedert, JJ Engels, EA AF Shiels, Meredith S. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Gail, Mitchell H. Hall, H. Irene Li, Jianmin Chaturvedi, Anil K. Bhatia, Kishor Uldrick, Thomas S. Yarchoan, Robert Goedert, James J. Engels, Eric A. TI Cancer Burden in the HIV-Infected Population in the United States SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS-RELATED MALIGNANCIES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SURVEILLANCE DATA; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; RISK-FACTORS; HAART ERA; TRENDS; ADULTS; MEN AB Background Effective antiretroviral therapy has reduced the risk of AIDS and dramatically prolonged the survival of HIV-infected people in the United States. Consequently, an increasing number of HIV-infected people are at risk of non-AIDS-defining cancers that typically occur at older ages. We estimated the annual number of cancers in the HIV-infected population, both with and without AIDS, in the United States. Methods Incidence rates for individual cancer types were obtained from the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study by linking 15 HIV and cancer registries in the United States. Estimated counts of the US HIV-infected and AIDS populations were obtained from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance data. We obtained estimated counts of AIDS-defining (ie, Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer) and non-AIDS-defining cancers in the US AIDS population during 1991-2005 by multiplying cancer incidence rates and AIDS population counts, stratified by year, age, sex, race and ethnicity, transmission category, and AIDS-relative time. We tested trends in counts and standardized incidence rates using linear regression models. We multiplied overall cancer rates and HIV-only (HIV infected, without AIDS) population counts, available from 34 US states during 2004-2007, to estimate cancers in the HIV-only population. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results The US AIDS population expanded fourfold from 1991 to 2005 (96 179 to 413 080) largely because of an increase in the number of people aged 40 years or older. During 1991-2005, an estimated 79 656 cancers occurred in the AIDS population. From 1991-1995 to 2001-2005, the estimated number of AIDS-defining cancers decreased by greater than threefold (34 587 to 10 325 cancers; P(trend) < .001), whereas non-AIDS-defining cancers increased by approximately threefold (3193 to 10 059 cancers; P(trend) < .001). From 1991-1995 to 2001-2005, estimated counts increased for anal (206 to 1564 cancers), liver (116 to 583 cancers), prostate (87 to 759 cancers), and lung cancers (875 to 1882 cancers), and Hodgkin lymphoma (426 to 897 cancers). In the HIV-only population in 34 US states, an estimated 2191 non-AIDS-defining cancers occurred during 2004-2007, including 454 lung, 166 breast, and 154 anal cancers. Conclusions Over a 15-year period (1991-2005), increases in non-AIDS-defining cancers were mainly driven by growth and aging of the AIDS population. This growing burden requires targeted cancer prevention and treatment strategies. C1 [Shiels, Meredith S.; Chaturvedi, Anil K.; Goedert, James J.; Engels, Eric A.] NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Pfeiffer, Ruth M.; Gail, Mitchell H.] NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Hall, H. Irene; Li, Jianmin] Centers Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bhatia, Kishor; Yarchoan, Robert] NCI, Off HIV & AIDS Malignancy, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Uldrick, Thomas S.] NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shiels, MS (reprint author), NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 7059, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM shielsms@mail.nih.gov RI Pfeiffer, Ruth /F-4748-2011; Chaturvedi, Anil/J-2024-2015 OI Chaturvedi, Anil/0000-0003-2696-8899 FU National Cancer Institute FX Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute. NR 41 TC 261 Z9 262 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 103 IS 9 BP 753 EP 762 DI 10.1093/jnci/djr076 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 760IG UT WOS:000290317400010 PM 21483021 ER PT J AU Edelson, PJ Anderson, JA AF Edelson, Paul J. Anderson, Janelle A. TI Reported Cases of Measles in International Air Travelers to the United States, August 2005-March 2008 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Methods. Airlines and state health departments report cases of suspected measles in international travelers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Quarantine Stations. We reviewed these reports, maintained in an electronic database, to determine the demographic and epidemiologic characteristics of international air travelers infected with measles. Results. We reviewed 35 confirmed cases of measles in air travelers and analyzed their demographic and epidemiologic characteristics. The median age of case travelers was 17 (range: 4 months-50 years). These travelers arrived from all regions of the world, including 10 countries with immunization rates of measles-containing vaccine below 90% and five others experiencing local outbreaks. Of 17 travelers for whom immunization status was known, 2 had been adequately immunized with at least two doses of a measles-virus containing vaccine, 9 were inadequately immunized, and an additional 6 infants had not been immunized because of age. Conclusions. Measles importations continue in the United States. Travelers should be aware of the importance of assuring up-to-date immunizations, especially when visiting countries experiencing a local measles outbreak. In addition, parents traveling with infants, and their physicians, should be aware of recommendations regarding the early administration of a dose of measles-containing vaccine for infants at least 6 months old traveling internationally. C1 [Edelson, Paul J.; Anderson, Janelle A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Janelle A.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists CSTE, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Edelson, PJ (reprint author), John F Kennedy Int Airport, CDC, New York Quarantine Stn, Terminal 4,Room 219-016, Jamaica, NY 11430 USA. EM dou9@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00502.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 759EI UT WOS:000290223100006 PM 21539657 ER PT J AU Sharangpani, R Boulton, KE Wells, E Kim, C AF Sharangpani, Ruta Boulton, Kathryn E. Wells, Eden Kim, Curi TI Attitudes and Behaviors of International Air Travelers Toward Pandemic Influenza SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHINESE GENERAL-POPULATION; A H1N1 VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; HONG-KONG; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; RISK BEHAVIORS; MAINLAND CHINA; OUTBREAK; PERCEPTIONS; KNOWLEDGE AB Methods. Prior to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, we surveyed a convenience sample of 404 departing international travelers at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. Presented with a hypothetical pandemic influenza scenario occurring overseas, the participants predicted their anticipated protective behaviors while abroad and recorded their attitudes toward potential screening measures at US ports of entry (POE). The survey also qualitatively explored factors that would influence compliance with health entry screening at POE. Results. Those who perceived pandemic influenza to be serious were more likely to state that they would be comfortable with screening (p = 0.006), and if they had influenza-like illness (ILI) overseas, would be more willing to see a physician and delay return travel (p = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively). Other demographic variables, including age and race, were associated with protective behaviors in response to ILI. Travelers also identified diverse information requirements which would influence their behavior in response to entry screening, including characteristics of the pandemic, severity of illness, and screening operations. Conclusions. Demographic characteristics and perceived severity of illness are important factors that may influence the protective behaviors of travelers overseas. Our results indicate that educational material and advice directed to international travelers could be differentially tailored to traveler subpopulations. C1 [Sharangpani, Ruta; Wells, Eden] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Lansing, MI 48913 USA. [Sharangpani, Ruta; Wells, Eden] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Boulton, Kathryn E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Boulton, Kathryn E.; Kim, Curi] Detroit Quarantine Stn, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Detroit, MI USA. RP Sharangpani, R (reprint author), Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Capitol View Bldg,201 Townsend St,5th Floor, Lansing, MI 48913 USA. EM sharangpanir@michigan.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00500.x PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 759EI UT WOS:000290223100010 PM 21539661 ER PT J AU Stoll, BJ Hansen, NI Sanchez, PJ Faix, RG Poindexter, BB Van Meurs, KP Bizzarro, MJ Goldberg, RN Frantz, ID Hale, EC Shankaran, S Kennedy, K Carlo, WA Watterberg, KL Bell, EF Walsh, MC Schibler, K Laptook, AR Shane, AL Schrag, SJ Das, A Higgins, RD AF Stoll, Barbara J. Hansen, Nellie I. Sanchez, Pablo J. Faix, Roger G. Poindexter, Brenda B. Van Meurs, Krisa P. Bizzarro, Matthew J. Goldberg, Ronald N. Frantz, Ivan D., III Hale, Ellen C. Shankaran, Seetha Kennedy, Kathleen Carlo, Waldemar A. Watterberg, Kristi L. Bell, Edward F. Walsh, Michele C. Schibler, Kurt Laptook, Abbot R. Shane, Andi L. Schrag, Stephanie J. Das, Abhik Higgins, Rosemary D. CA Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst C TI Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis: The Burden of Group B Streptococcal and E. coli Disease Continues SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE neonatal sepsis; group B streptococcal disease; Escherichia coli infection ID INTRAPARTUM ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PRETERM INFANTS; INFECTIONS; ERA; MENINGITIS; RESISTANCE; PATTERNS AB BACKGROUND: Guidelines for prevention of group B streptococcal (GBS) infection have successfully reduced early onset (EO) GBS disease. Study results suggest that Escherichia coli is an important EO pathogen. OBJECTIVE: To determine EO infection rates, pathogens, morbidity, and mortality in a national network of neonatal centers. METHODS: Infants with EO infection were identified by prospective surveillance at Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network centers. Infection was defined by positive culture results for blood and cerebrospinal fluid obtained from infants aged <= 72 hours plus treatment with antibiotic therapy for >= 5 days. Mother and infant characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were studied. Numbers of cases and total live births (LBs) were used to calculate incidence. RESULTS: Among 396 586 LBs (2006-2009), 389 infants developed EO infection (0.98 cases per 1000 LBs). Infection rates increased with decreasing birth weight. GBS (43%, 0.41 per 1000 LBs) and E coli (29%, 0.28 per 1000 LBs) were most frequently isolated. Most infants with GBS were term (73%); 81% with E coli were preterm. Mothers of 67% of infected term and 58% of infected preterm infants were screened for GBS, and results were positive for 25% of those mothers. Only 76% of mothers with GBS colonization received intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. Although 77% of infected infants required intensive care, 20% of term infants were treated in the normal newborn nursery. Sixteen percent of infected infants died, most commonly with E coli infection (33%). CONCLUSION: In the era of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis to reduce GBS, rates of EO infection have declined but reflect a continued burden of disease. GBS remains the most frequent pathogen in term infants, and E coli the most significant pathogen in preterm infants. Missed opportunities for GBS prevention continue. Prevention of E coli sepsis, especially among preterm infants, remains a challenge. Pediatrics 2011;127:817-826 C1 [Stoll, Barbara J.; Hale, Ellen C.; Shane, Andi L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.; Hale, Ellen C.; Shane, Andi L.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hansen, Nellie I.] RTI Int, Stat & Epidemiol Unit, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sanchez, Pablo J.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Faix, Roger G.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Poindexter, Brenda B.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Van Meurs, Krisa P.] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div Neonatol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Bizzarro, Matthew J.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Goldberg, Ronald N.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Frantz, Ivan D., III] Floating Hosp Children, Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Shankaran, Seetha] Wayne State Univ, Dept Pediat, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Kennedy, Kathleen] Univ Texas Med Sch Houston, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA. [Carlo, Waldemar A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Neonatol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Watterberg, Kristi L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Pediat, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Bell, Edward F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Walsh, Michele C.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Schibler, Kurt] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Laptook, Abbot R.] Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Dept Pediat, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Das, Abhik] RTI Int, Stat & Epidemiol Unit, Rockville, MD USA. [Higgins, Rosemary D.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Stoll, BJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM barbara_stoll@oz.ped.emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025008]; National Institutes of Health; NICHD; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; This study was supported in part by PHS grant UL1 RR025008 from the Clinical and Translational Science Award program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources. The National Institutes of Health, the NICHD, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided grant support for the Neonatal Research Network's Early Onset Sepsis Study. Data collected at participating sites of the NICHD NRN were transmitted to RTI International, the data coordinating center (DCC) for the network, which stored, managed, and analyzed the data for this study. On behalf of the NRN, Dr Abhik Das (DCC Principal Investigator), and Ms Nellie Hansen (DCC Statistician) had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. NR 25 TC 248 Z9 261 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 5 BP 817 EP 826 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-2217 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 757OO UT WOS:000290097800040 PM 21518717 ER PT J AU Paulson, JA Binns, HJ Brumberg, HL Forman, JA Karr, CJ Osterhoudt, KC Sandel, MT Seltzer, JM Wright, RO Mortensen, M Savage, S Rogan, WJ Pellegrini, C Spire, P AF Paulson, Jerome A. Binns, Helen J. Brumberg, Heather L. Forman, Joel A. Karr, Catherine J. Osterhoudt, Kevin C. Sandel, Megan T. Seltzer, James M. Wright, Robert O. Mortensen, Mary Savage, Sharon Rogan, Walter J. Pellegrini, Cindy Spire, Paul TI Policy Statement-Chemical-Management Policy: Prioritizing Children's Health SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE environmental health ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BREAST-MILK; PBDES AB The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that chemical-management policy in the United States be revised to protect children and pregnant women and to better protect other populations. The Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) was passed in 1976. It is widely recognized to have been ineffective in protecting children, pregnant women, and the general population from hazardous chemicals in the marketplace. It does not take into account the special vulnerabilities of children in attempting to protect the population from chemical hazards. Its processes are so cumbersome that in its more than 30 years of existence, the TSCA has been used to regulate only 5 chemicals or chemical classes of the tens of thousands of chemicals that are in commerce. Under the TSCA, chemical companies have no responsibility to perform premarket testing or postmarket follow-up of the products that they produce; in fact, the TSCA contains disincentives for the companies to produce such data. Voluntary programs have been inadequate in resolving problems. Therefore, chemical-management policy needs to be rewritten in the United States. Manufacturers must be responsible for developing information about chemicals before marketing. The US Environmental Protection Agency must have the authority to demand additional safety data about a chemical and to limit or stop the marketing of a chemical when there is a high degree of suspicion that the chemical might be harmful to children, pregnant women, or other populations. Pediatrics 2011; 127: 983-990 C1 [Mortensen, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Savage, Sharon] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 5 BP 983 EP 990 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0523 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 757OO UT WOS:000290097800060 ER PT J AU Hersh, JH Saul, RA Saal, HM Braddock, SR Enns, GM Gruen, JR Perrin, JM Tarini, BA Hanson, JW Lloyd-Puryear, MA Musci, TJ Rasmussen, SA Spire, P AF Hersh, Joseph H. Saul, Robert A. Saal, Howard M. Braddock, Stephen R. Enns, Gregory M. Gruen, Jeffrey R. Perrin, James M. Tarini, Beth Anne Hanson, James W. Lloyd-Puryear, Michele Ann Musci, Thomas J. Rasmussen, Sonja Ann Spire, Paul TI Clinical Report-Health Supervision for Children With Fragile X Syndrome SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE fragile X syndrome; FMR1-related conditions; mental retardation; health guidelines ID PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; TREMOR/ATAXIA SYNDROME; FMR1 PREMUTATION; AUTISM; EXPERIENCES; POPULATION; DISORDERS; ATTITUDES; FXTAS AB Fragile X syndrome (an FMR1-related disorder) is the most commonly inherited form of mental retardation. Early physical recognition is difficult, so boys with developmental delay should be strongly considered for molecular testing. The characteristic adult phenotype usually does not develop until the second decade of life. Girls can also be affected with developmental delay. Because multiple family members can be affected with mental retardation and other conditions (premature ovarian failure and tremor/ataxia), family history information is of critical importance for the diagnosis and management of affected patients and their families. This report summarizes issues for fragile X syndrome regarding clinical diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis, genetic counseling, related health problems, behavior management, and age-related health supervision guidelines. The diagnosis of fragile X syndrome not only involves the affected children but also potentially has significant health consequences for multiple generations in each family. Pediatrics 2011; 127: 994-1006 C1 [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele Ann] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 5 BP 994 EP 1006 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3500 PG 13 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 757OO UT WOS:000290097800062 PM 21518720 ER PT J AU Gaur, AH Freimanis-Hance, L Dominguez, K Mitchell, C Menezes, J Mussi-Pinhata, MM Peixoto, MF Alarcon, J Coelho, DF Read, JS AF Gaur, Aditya H. Freimanis-Hance, Laura Dominguez, Kenneth Mitchell, Charles Menezes, Jacqueline Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa M. Peixoto, Mario F. Alarcon, Jorge Coelho, Debora F. Read, Jennifer S. TI Knowledge and Practice of Prechewing/Prewarming Food by HIV-Infected Women SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE HIV; prechewing; prewarming; premastication; child ID INFANT; PREMASTICATION AB OBJECTIVE: HIV transmission has been associated with offering a child food prechewed by an HIV-infected caregiver. We assessed awareness of prechewing and oral prewarming of food by an adult before offering it to a child among HIV-infected pregnant women and clinical investigators in 3 Latin American countries. METHODS: HIV-infected pregnant women at 12 sites (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Longitudinal Study in Latin American Countries, a prospective cohort trial) in Argentina, Brazil, and Peru were administered a screening survey about prechewing/prewarming of infant foods and cautioned against these feeding practices. Survey responses were analyzed, overall, and stratified according to country. RESULTS: Of the 401 HIV-infected pregnant women interviewed, 34% had heard about prechewing (50% from Argentina, 32% from Brazil, and 36% from Peru), 23% knew someone who prechewed food for infants, and 4% had prechewed food in the past. Seventeen percent had heard about oral prewarming of food, 13% knew someone who prewarmed food for infants, and 3% had prewarmed food for an infant in the past. Women who reported knowing someone who prechewed were more likely to also know someone who prewarmed food (P < .0001). Few site investigators anticipated that their patients would be aware of these practices. CONCLUSIONS: Prechewing food, a potential risk factor for HIV transmission, and orally prewarming food, which has not been associated with HIV transmission but might expose a child to blood from an HIV-infected adult, are not uncommon practices in Latin America. Both practices should be further investigated. Site investigator responses underscore that health care providers could be missing information about cultural practices that patients may not report unless specifically asked. Pediatrics 2011;127:e1206-e1211 C1 [Gaur, Aditya H.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Freimanis-Hance, Laura] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Dominguez, Kenneth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mitchell, Charles] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Menezes, Jacqueline] Hosp Servidores Estado, Policlin Santa Clara, Unidade Pesquisa Materno Infantil, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. [Peixoto, Mario F.] Hosp Femina, Dept Infect Dis, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Alarcon, Jorge] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Inst Med Trop Daniel Alcides Carrion, Secc Epidemiol, Lima 14, Peru. [Coelho, Debora F.] Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericordia, Serv Doencas Infecciosas & Parasitarias, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Read, Jennifer S.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, Ctr Res Mothers & Children, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gaur, AH (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis MS 600, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM aditya.gaur@stjude.org RI Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa/G-6568-2012; OI Alarcon, Jorge/0000-0002-0800-2380 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); NICHD [N01-HD-3-3345, HHSN267200800001C, N01-HD-8-0001] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; Principal investigators, co-principal investigators, study coordinators, coordinating center representatives, and NICHD staff include: Argentina: Buenos Aires: Marcelo H. Losso, Irene Foradori, Claudia Checa, Silvina Ivalo (Hospital General de Agudos Jose Maria Ramos Mejia); Brazil: Belo Horizonte: Jorge Pinto, Victor Melo, Fabiana Kakehasi (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais); Caxias do Sul: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Nicole Golin, S~lvia Mariani Costamilan (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Servico Municipal de Infectologia); Nova Iguacu: Jose Pilotto, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdilea Veloso, Gisely Falco (Hospital Geral Nova de Iguacu - HIV Family Care Clinic); Porto Alegre: Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Breno Riegel Santos, Rita de Cassia Alves Lira (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Conceicao); Ricardo da Silva de Souza, Mario Ferreira Peixoto, Elizabete Teles (Universidade de Caxias do Sul/Hospital Famina); Regis Kreitchmann, Luis Carlos Ribeiro, Fabrizio Motta, Debora Fernandes Coelho (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre); Ribeirao Preto: Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata, Geraldo Duarte, Adriana A. Tiraboschi Barbaro, Conrado Milani Coutinho, Anderson Sanches de Melo (Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto da Universidade de Sao Paulo); Rio de Janeiro: Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira, Elizabeth S. Machado, Maria C. Chermont Sapia (Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagao Gesteira); Esau Custodio Joao, Leon Claude Sidi, Ezequias Martins, Plinio Tostes Berardo (Hospital dos Servidores do Estado); Sao Paulo: Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Prescilla Chow (Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo); Peru: Lima: Jorge Alarcon Villaverde (Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Daniel Alcides Carrion"-Seccion de Epidemiologia, UNMSM), Carlos Velasquez Vasquez (Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal), Cesar Gutierrez Villafuerte (Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Daniel Alcides Carrion"-Seccion de Epidemiologia, UNMSM); Data Management and Statistical Center: Yolanda Bertucci, Laura Freimanis Hance, Rene Gonin, D. Robert Harris, Roslyn Hennessey, James Korelitz, Margot Krauss, Sharon Sothern de Sanchez, Sonia K. Stoszek (Westat, Rockville, MD, USA); NICHD: Rohan Hazra, Lynne Mofenson, Jennifer S. Read, Heather Watts, Carol Worrell (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA). Supported by NICHD Contract # N01-HD-3-3345 (2002-2007) and by NICHD Contract # HHSN267200800001C (NICHD Control #: N01-HD-8-0001) (2007-2012). NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 5 BP E1206 EP E1211 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1902 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 757OO UT WOS:000290097800014 PM 21482608 ER PT J AU Klein, NP Aukes, L Lee, J Fireman, B Shapira, SK Slade, B Baxter, R Summar, M AF Klein, Nicola P. Aukes, Laurie Lee, Janelle Fireman, Bruce Shapira, Stuart K. Slade, Barbara Baxter, Roger Summar, Marshall TI Evaluation of Immunization Rates and Safety Among Children With Inborn Errors of Metabolism SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE inborn errors of metabolism; vaccine safety; immunization rates ID DISORDERS; VACCINATION AB BACKGROUND: Children with inherited metabolic disorders are a potential high-risk group for vaccine-preventable diseases, yet information regarding immunization rates and vaccine safety within this population is limited. METHODS: Using Northern California Kaiser Permanente's electronic medical record, we identified children with inborn errors of metabolism from 1990 to 2007. We assessed immunization rates among infants with inborn errors of metabolism born at Northern California Kaiser Permanente matched to healthy infants (1 to 20), comparing both vaccines received by 2 years of age and age at vaccination. We assessed postvaccination adverse events among children up to 18 years old with inborn errors of metabolism, separately comparing emergency-department visits and hospitalizations during postvaccine days 0 to 30 (primary) and days 0 to 14 (secondary). RESULTS: Comparing infants with inborn errors of metabolism (n = 77) versus matched control subjects (n = 1540), similar proportions were up to date for vaccines at 2 years of age, and there was no evidence of delay in receipt of recommended vaccines during the first year. Vaccination of children with inborn errors of metabolism (n = 271) was not associated with any significant increase in emergency-department visits or hospitalizations during the 30 days after vaccination. Secondary analyses suggested that there may be increased rates of hospitalizations 2 weeks after vaccination for the sickest 1- to 4-year-old children. CONCLUSIONS: Children with inborn errors of metabolism at Northern California Kaiser Permanente received vaccines on the same immunization schedule as healthy infants. Immunization was not associated with increased risk for serious adverse events during the month after vaccination, providing overall reassurance that routine vaccination of children with inborn errors of metabolism does not result in adverse effects. Pediatrics 2011;127:e1139-e1146 C1 [Klein, Nicola P.; Aukes, Laurie; Lee, Janelle; Fireman, Bruce; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Shapira, Stuart K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Slade, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Summar, Marshall] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Klein, NP (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM nicola.klein@kp.org FU Merck and Co; Novartis; GlaxoSmithKline; Pfizer; Sanofi-Pasteur; Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX Nicola P. Klein and Roger Baxter have received research support from Merck and Co, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Sanofi-Pasteur.; This study was funded by the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 5 BP E1139 EP E1146 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3706 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 757OO UT WOS:000290097800005 PM 21482602 ER PT J AU Wimonsate, W Naorat, S Varangrat, A Phanuphak, P Kanggarnrua, K McNicholl, J Akarasewi, P van Griensven, F AF Wimonsate, Wipas Naorat, Sathapana Varangrat, Anchalee Phanuphak, Praphan Kanggarnrua, Kamolset McNicholl, Janet Akarasewi, Passakorn van Griensven, Frits TI Factors Associated with HIV Testing History and Returning for HIV Test Results Among Men Who have Sex with Men in Thailand SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Men who have sex with men; HIV/AIDS; HIV testing; Thailand ID RISK; FAILURE AB We evaluated factors associated with HIV testing history and returning for HIV test results among 2,049 Thai men who have sex with men. Of men, 50.3% reported prior HIV testing and 24.9% returned for HIV test results. Factors associated with prior HIV testing were male sex work, older age, employed, living away from the family, insertive anal sex role, history of drug use and having heard of effective HIV/AIDS treatment. Factors associated with returning for HIV test results were male sex work, older age, lack of a family confidant, history of sexually transmitted infections, and testing HIV negative in this study. C1 [Wimonsate, Wipas; Naorat, Sathapana; Varangrat, Anchalee; McNicholl, Janet; van Griensven, Frits] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Phanuphak, Praphan] Thai Red Cross Soc, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kanggarnrua, Kamolset] Rainbow Sky Assoc Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. [McNicholl, Janet; van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wimonsate, W (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Minist Publ Hlth, 4th Floor DDC7, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM wipasw@th.cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 693 EP 701 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9755-3 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 754YS UT WOS:000289894400002 PM 20623251 ER PT J AU Stein, R Green, K Bell, K Toledo, CA Uhl, G Moore, A Shelley, GA Hardnett, FP AF Stein, Renee Green, Kathleen Bell, Kelly Toledo, Carlos A. Uhl, Gary Moore, Andrea Shelley, Gene A. Hardnett, Felicia P. TI Provision of HIV Counseling and Testing Services at Five Community-Based Organizations Among Young Men of Color Who Have Sex with Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Men who have sex with men; MSM; Community-based organizations; CBO ID UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION; BEHAVIORS; RISK; IMPLEMENTATION; INFECTION; SETTINGS; PROGRAMS; HIV/AIDS; OUTREACH AB In the context of monitoring and improving CDC-funded HIV prevention programs, we describe HIV tests and infections, provision of results, previous HIV tests, and risk behaviors for young (aged 13-29) men of color who have sex with men who received HIV tests at five community-based organizations. Of 1,723 tests provided, 2.1% were positive and 75.7% of positives were previously unaware of their infection. The highest positivity rate was among men aged 25-29 (4.7%). Thirty-four percent of tests were provided to men who were tested for the first time. Over half the tests (53.2%) were provided to men who reported sex with a person of unknown HIV status, and 34% to men who reported sex with an anonymous partner. Continued and more focused prevention efforts are needed to reach and test young men of color who have sex with men and to identify previously undiagnosed HIV infections among this target population. C1 [Stein, Renee; Green, Kathleen; Toledo, Carlos A.; Uhl, Gary; Shelley, Gene A.; Hardnett, Felicia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bell, Kelly] Emergent Technol, Louisville, KY USA. [Moore, Andrea] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. RP Stein, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rstein1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 743 EP 750 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9821-x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 754YS UT WOS:000289894400008 PM 20945158 ER PT J AU MacKellar, DA Hou, SI Whalen, CC Samuelsen, K Valleroy, LA Secura, GM Behel, S Bingham, T Celentano, DD Koblin, BA LaLota, M Shehan, D Thiede, H Torian, LV AF MacKellar, Duncan A. Hou, Su-I Whalen, Christopher C. Samuelsen, Karen Valleroy, Linda A. Secura, Gina M. Behel, Stephanie Bingham, Trista Celentano, David D. Koblin, Beryl A. LaLota, Marlene Shehan, Douglas Thiede, Hanne Torian, Lucia V. TI A Plausible Causal Model of HAART-Efficacy Beliefs, HIV/AIDS Complacency, and HIV-Acquisition Risk Behavior Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS complacency; HAART optimism; HIV treatment beliefs; Structural equation modeling; Men who have sex with men ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; LONDON GAY MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; COMBINATION THERAPIES; UNITED-STATES; ANTICIPATED REGRET; TREATMENT OPTIMISM; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; FEAR APPEALS AB Despite considerable research, the causal relationship remains unclear between HIV/AIDS complacency, measured as reduced HIV/AIDS concern because of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and HIV risk behavior. Understanding the directionality and underpinnings of this relationship is critical for programs that target HIV/AIDS complacency as a means to reduce HIV incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM). This report uses structural equation modeling to evaluate a theory-based, HIV/AIDS complacency model on 1,593 MSM who participated in a venue-based, cross-sectional survey in six U.S. cities, 1998-2000. Demonstrating adequate fit and stability across geographic samples, the model explained 15.0% of the variance in HIV-acquisition behavior among young MSM. Analyses that evaluated alternative models and models stratified by perceived risk for HIV infection suggest that HIV/AIDS complacency increases acquisition behavior by mediating the effects of two underlying HAART-efficacy beliefs. New research is needed to assess model effects on current acquisition risk behavior, and thus help inform prevention programs designed to reduce HIV/AIDS complacency and HIV incidence among young MSM. C1 [MacKellar, Duncan A.; Valleroy, Linda A.; Secura, Gina M.; Behel, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hou, Su-I; Whalen, Christopher C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Samuelsen, Karen] Univ Georgia, Dept Educ Psychol & Instruct Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bingham, Trista] Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Celentano, David D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Koblin, Beryl A.] New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. [LaLota, Marlene] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Shehan, Douglas] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Thiede, Hanne] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Torian, Lucia V.] New York City Dept Hlth, New York, NY 10013 USA. RP MacKellar, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dym4@cdc.gov OI Hou, Su-I/0000-0002-4519-0974 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000052] NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 788 EP 804 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9813-x PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 754YS UT WOS:000289894400013 PM 20862605 ER PT J AU Blaney, DD Daly, ER Kirkland, KB Tongren, JE Kelso, PT Talbot, EA AF Blaney, David D. Daly, Elizabeth R. Kirkland, Kathryn B. Tongren, Jon Eric Kelso, Patsy Tassler Talbot, Elizabeth A. TI Use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers as a risk factor for norovirus outbreaks in long-term care facilities in northern New England: December 2006 to March 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; outbreak; long-term care facility; infection control; alcohol-based hand sanitizer; hand hygiene ID ACUTE NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; HOSPITAL OUTBREAK; NURSING-HOME; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; INACTIVATION; TRANSMISSION; SURROGATES AB Background: During December 2006 to March 2007, a substantial increase in norovirus illnesses was noted in northern New England. We sought to identify institutional risk factors for norovirus outbreaks in northern New England long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: State health departments in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont distributed surveys to infection preventionists at all LTCFs in their respective states. We collected information regarding facility attributes, routine staff use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS) versus soap and water, facility cleaning practices, and occurrence of any acute gastroenteritis outbreaks during December 2006 to March 2007. Norovirus confirmation was conducted in public health laboratories. Data were analyzed with univariate and logistic regression methods. Results: Of 160 facilities, 91 (60%) provided survey responses, with 61 facilities reporting 73 outbreaks; 29 were confirmed norovirus. Facilities reporting that staff were equally or more likely to use ABHS than soap and water for routine hand hygiene had higher odds of an outbreak than facilities with staff less likely to use ABHS (adjusted odds ratio, 6.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.44-33.99). Conclusion: This study suggests that preferential use of ABHS over soap and water for routine hand hygiene might be associated with increased risk of norovirus outbreaks in LTCFs. C1 [Blaney, David D.; Tongren, Jon Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blaney, David D.; Daly, Elizabeth R.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Kirkland, Kathryn B.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. [Tongren, Jon Eric] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, GA USA. [Kelso, Patsy Tassler] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. RP Blaney, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dblaney@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 18 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 39 IS 4 BP 296 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.10.010 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 756NK UT WOS:000290019000008 PM 21411187 ER PT J AU Fujishiro, K Gee, GC de Castro, AB AF Fujishiro, Kaori Gee, Gilbert C. de Castro, A. B. TI Associations of Workplace Aggression With Work-Related Well-Being Among Nurses in the Philippines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; MINNESOTA NURSES; HOSPITAL STAFF; MORTALITY; VIOLENCE; ASSAULT; METAANALYSIS; PERSPECTIVE; PREVALENCE; COMMUNITY AB Objectives. We examined whether workplace aggression was associated with self-rated health and work-related injury and illness among nurses in the Philippines. Methods. Our data came from a cross-sectional survey of nurses (n=687) in the Philippines. We assessed the associations of self-reported physical assault and verbal abuse with self-rated health, work-related injury and illness, and missed workdays with Poisson regression. Control variables included demographic and work characteristics (e.g., hours worked, work setting, shift). Results. Verbal abuse was associated with poor general health (prevalence ratio [PR]=1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.09, 3.45). Both physical assault and verbal abuse were associated with work-related injury (PR=1.48; 95% CI=1.00, 2.20; PR=1.72; 95% CI=1.34, 2.23, respectively) and work-related illness (PR=1.46; 95% CI=0.99, 2.15; PR=1.68; 95% CI=1.32, 2.14, respectively) after demographic and work characteristics were accounted for in the model. In addition, physical assault was associated with missed workdays (PR=1.56; 95% CI=1.02, 2.33). Conclusions. Workplace aggression was associated with increased risks of poor general health and adverse work-related health outcomes among nurses in the Philippines. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:861-867. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.188144) C1 [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Gee, Gilbert C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [de Castro, A. B.] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fujishiro, K (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfujishiro@cdc.gov FU University of Washington School of Nursing; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [1 KL2RR025015-01]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research FX This study was made possible by funds from the University of Washington School of Nursing and the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR; grant 1 KL2RR025015-01), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 861 EP 867 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.188144 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 753GT UT WOS:000289761000026 PM 21088262 ER PT J AU van't Hoog, AH Laserson, KF Githui, WA Meme, HK Agaya, JA Odeny, LO Muchiri, BG Marston, BJ DeCock, KM Borgdorff, MW AF van't Hoog, Anna H. Laserson, Kayla F. Githui, Willie A. Meme, Helen K. Agaya, Janet A. Odeny, Lazarus O. Muchiri, Benson G. Marston, Barbara J. DeCock, Kevin M. Borgdorff, Martien W. TI High Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Inadequate Case Finding in Rural Western Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE prevalence; case finding; HIV infection; pulmonary tuberculosis; epidemiology ID SOUTH-AFRICA; INFECTIOUS TUBERCULOSIS; COMMUNITY LEADERS; HIV; BURDEN; IMPACT; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; INDICATOR; DIAGNOSIS AB Rationale: Limited information exists on the prevalence of tuberculosis and adequacy of case finding in African populations with high rates of HIV. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and the fraction attributable to HIV, and to evaluate case detection. Methods: Residents aged 15 years and older, from 40 randomly sampled clusters, provided two sputum samples for microscopy; those with chest radiograph abnormalities or symptoms suggestive of PTB provided one additional sputum sample for culture. Measurements and Main Results: PTB was defined by a culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis or two positive smears. Persons with PTB were offered HIV testing and interviewed on care-seeking behavior. We estimated the population-attributable fraction of HIV on prevalent and notified PTB, the patient diagnostic rate, and case detection rate using provincial TB notification data. Among 20,566 participants, 123 had PTB. TB prevalence was 6.0/1,000 (95% confidence interval, 4.6-7.4) for all PTB and 2.5/1,000 (1.6-3.4) for smear-positive PTB. Of 101 prevalent TB cases tested, 52 (51%) were HIV infected, and 58 (64%) of 91 cases who were not on treatment and were interviewed had not sought care. Forty-eight percent of prevalent and 65% of notified PTB cases were attributable to HIV. For smear-positive and smear-negative PTB combined, the patient diagnostic rate was 1.4 cases detected per person-year among HIV-infected persons having PTB and 0.6 for those who were HIV uninfected, corresponding to case detection rates of 56 and 65%, respectively. Conclusions: Undiagnosed PTB is common in this community. TB case finding needs improvement, for instance through intensified case finding with mobile smear microscopy services, rigorous HIV testing, and improved diagnosis of smear-negative TB. C1 [van't Hoog, Anna H.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol KEBB, NL-1100 DD Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van't Hoog, Anna H.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Agaya, Janet A.; Odeny, Lazarus O.; Muchiri, Benson G.] Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla F.; Marston, Barbara J.; DeCock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Githui, Willie A.; Meme, Helen K.] Ctr Resp Dis Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [DeCock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. RP van't Hoog, AH (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol KEBB, J1B-207-1,POB 22660, NL-1100 DD Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM a.h.vanthoog@amc.uva.nl FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through John's Hopkins University; Gates Foundation; European and Developing Partners Clinical Trials Partenership FX Supported by the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through John's Hopkins University. Protocol development was supported by the Gates Foundation.; A.H.v.H. has received a sponsored grant from the European and Developing Partners Clinical Trials Partenership. K.F.L. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. W.A.G. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. H.K.M. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. J.A.A. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. L.O.O. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. B.G.M. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. B.J.M. is an employee of President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief/U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. K.M.D. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. M.W.B. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. NR 50 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 9 BP 1245 EP 1253 DI 10.1164/rccm.201008-1269OC PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 756IO UT WOS:000290005100021 PM 21239690 ER PT J AU Mei, ZG Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Mei, Zuguo Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Comparison of Changes in Growth Percentiles of US Children on CDC 2000 Growth Charts With Corresponding Changes on WHO 2006 Growth Charts SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE growth charts; nutritional assessment; length-for-age; weight-for-age; weight-for-length; percentile ID STANDARDS; FAILURE; HEIGHT; HEALTH; THRIVE AB Longitudinal data with 37 964 length and weight measurements from 10 844 children who participated in the California Child Health and Development Study was used to compare the proportion of children aged <= 24 months who crossed major percentile lines on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 growth charts with the percentage who crossed corresponding lines on the World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 growth charts. Percentage of children aged <= 24 months who crossed at least 2 major percentile lines for length-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-length according to CDC 2000 charts were compared with the percentage who did so according to WHO 2006 charts. The results from this analysis suggest that pediatricians who monitor children's growth on the basis of WHO 2006 growth charts may be more likely to refer children aged < 6 months and less likely to refer those aged 6 to 12 months for further evaluation for failure to thrive. C1 [Mei, Zuguo; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mei, ZG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop K-25,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zmei@.cdc.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01HD63258] NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 402 EP 407 DI 10.1177/0009922810392774 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 755RX UT WOS:000289955200004 PM 21242198 ER PT J AU Foltz, JL Cook, SR Szilagyi, PG Auinger, P Stewart, PA Bucher, S Baldwin, CD AF Foltz, Jennifer L. Cook, Stephen R. Szilagyi, Peter G. Auinger, Peggy Stewart, Patricia A. Bucher, Sophie Baldwin, Constance D. TI US Adolescent Nutrition, Exercise, and Screen Time Baseline Levels Prior to National Recommendations SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE obesity; adolescent; prevention and treatment; nutrition; physical activity ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDREN; WEIGHT; PREVENTION; TELEVISION; ASSOCIATION; BEVERAGES AB Experts have recommended daily obesity prevention goals: >= 5 fruits/vegetables, < 2 hours of screen time, > 1 hour of physical activity, and no sugar-sweetened beverages (5-2-1-0). The authors analyzed National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for 1999-2002 to determine the proportion of US adolescents (12-19 years) who would have met each goal prior to dissemination of the 5-2-1-0 recommendations. Merely 0.4% would have met all goals; 41% would have met none. Only 9% consumed >= 5 fruits/vegetables, 27% reported < 2 hours of screen time, 32% had > 1 hour of physical activity, and 14% consumed no sugar-sweetened beverages per day. Demographic subgroups (eg, racial/ethnic minority and lower income) would have been even farther from meeting the goals. Clinicians are likely to encounter adolescents with nutrition, exercise, and screen time behaviors that are far from 5-2-1-0 goals, and can use these guidelines during clinical encounters to counsel adolescents regarding healthier lifestyles. C1 [Foltz, Jennifer L.; Cook, Stephen R.; Szilagyi, Peter G.; Auinger, Peggy; Stewart, Patricia A.; Bucher, Sophie; Baldwin, Constance D.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. RP Foltz, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jfoltz@cdc.gov RI Loureiro, Nuno/I-6400-2012 OI Loureiro, Nuno/0000-0002-1166-3219 FU NIH [T32 HP12002]; University of Rochester Strong Children's Research Center FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article:; This study was supported in part by an institutional National Research Service Award (NIH Training Grant T32 HP12002 to Dr Foltz) and by the University of Rochester Strong Children's Research Center Bradford Fellowship Award (to Dr Foltz). NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 50 IS 5 BP 424 EP 433 DI 10.1177/0009922810393499 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 755RX UT WOS:000289955200007 PM 21282256 ER PT J AU Soucie, JM Wang, C Forsyth, A Funk, S Denny, M Roach, KE Boone, D AF Soucie, J. M. Wang, C. Forsyth, A. Funk, S. Denny, M. Roach, K. E. Boone, D. CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network TI Range of motion measurements: reference values and a database for comparison studies SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE joint flexibility; joint range of motion; musculoskeletal system; reference values ID BODY-MASS INDEX; JOINT RANGE; AGE; ANKLE; HIP; SHOULDER; MOBILITY; CHILDREN; GENDER; ADOLESCENTS AB Many diseases and injuries can impair joint mobility. Normal reference values are needed to determine extent of impairment to assess and monitor joint motion. There is very little published data describing normal joint range of motion (ROM) for healthy men and women across a wide span of ages. We enrolled male and female subjects aged between 2 and 69 years who were free from conditions that could potentially limit joint mobility for the study. Nine licensed physical therapists used universal goniometers to determine passive joint motion bilaterally of elbow flexion, extension, supination and pronation, shoulder flexion, hip flexion and extension, knee flexion and extension, and ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. Descriptive statistics were calculated for male and female subjects in four age groups: 2-8, 9-19, 20-44 and 45-69 years. Joint ROM measurements were obtained on a total of 674 (53.6% female) healthy, normal subjects aged 2-69 years. Female subjects had greater joint mobility in all age groups in nearly all joints and the gender difference was most obvious in measures of ankle plantarflexion, elbow pronation and supination. Range of motion average values for all joints decreased with advancing age for both men and women and, in most cases, were significantly different than most commonly used normative values. Our study of ROM measurements taken by trained physical therapists on a large sample of healthy individuals revealed significant gender- and age-related variation that may be an important consideration in patient assessment. C1 [Soucie, J. M.; Wang, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forsyth, A.; Denny, M.] Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Funk, S.] Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA. [Roach, K. E.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys Therapy, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Soucie, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msoucie@cdc.gov RI Kerlin, Bryce/E-3369-2011 OI Kerlin, Bryce/0000-0002-1756-8271 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services FX This was a collaborative project that involved many individuals from the Hemophilia Treatment Center Network (HTCN) supported by cooperative agreements with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The authors would like to acknowledge Crystal Watson whose project coordination made this study possible. In addition to authors (A. F., S. M. F, M. D.), the physical therapists and trainers involved in the reliability assessment and making the measurements on healthy volunteers included Kris Albrecht, PT, PCS, Michelle Audet, PT, Gina Betley, PT, Amy Devening, PT, Carrie Hope, PT, Lynette Slovensky, PT and Irene Vlaskamp, PT. The following individuals assisted with grants management and/or recruitment of subjects for the study: Judith Baker, MHSA, Becki Berkowitz, RN, Pam Bryant, Sue Cutter, MSW, MPA, Patricia Dominic, Karen Droze, Cheryl Forsyth, Susan Geraghty, RN, MBA, Sally McAlister, RN, Brenda Riske, MS, MBA, MPA, Mariam Voutsis, RN, MPA and Angela Ward, BSN. The authors express their special thanks to the healthy volunteers who agreed to have their joints measured. NR 30 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 500 EP 507 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02399.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 754YQ UT WOS:000289894200018 PM 21070485 ER PT J AU Kelly, D Zhang, C Soucie, M Dimichele, D AF Kelly, Daniel Zhang, Cathy Soucie, Michael Dimichele, Donna CA Joint Outcome Subcomm Coordinating TI Prevalence of hip arthropathy in hemophilia A and B: An analysis of the UDC database SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kelly, Daniel; Dimichele, Donna] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Zhang, Cathy; Soucie, Michael] CDC, Natl Birth Defects Ctr & Dev Disabilit, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 556 EP 557 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 754YQ UT WOS:000289894200039 ER PT J AU Guh, S Grosse, SD Mcalister, S Kessler, CM Soucie, JM AF Guh, Soyeon Grosse, Scott D. Mcalister, Sally Kessler, Craig M. Soucie, J. Michael TI Costs of care for privately insured males with hemophilia in the United States, 2008 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guh, Soyeon; Grosse, Scott D.; Mcalister, Sally; Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, Craig M.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 565 EP 566 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 754YQ UT WOS:000289894200078 ER PT J AU Guh, S Grosse, SD Mcalister, S Kessler, CM Soucie, JM AF Guh, Soyeon Grosse, Scott D. Mcalister, Sally Kessler, Craig M. Soucie, J. Michael TI Costs of care for publicly insured males with hemophilia in the United States, 2008 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guh, Soyeon; Grosse, Scott D.; Mcalister, Sally; Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, Craig M.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 566 EP 566 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 754YQ UT WOS:000289894200079 ER PT J AU Lutter, CK Chaparro, CM Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Lutter, Chessa K. Chaparro, Camila M. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Increases in breastfeeding in Latin America and the Caribbean: an analysis of equity SO HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Breastfeeding; equity; Latin America; Caribbean ID CHILD UNDERNUTRITION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; HEALTH; MORTALITY; DURATION; INITIATION; COUNTRIES; INFANT; RISK; NUTRITION AB Methods We use nationally representative data from eight countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to document changes in breastfeeding duration between 1986 and 2005, and separate the overall change into the portion attributable to changing population characteristics and the portion resulting from changing breastfeeding behaviour within population subgroups. Results Breastfeeding duration increased in six out of the eight countries and the changes observed are largely explained by changing behaviour within population subgroups rather than changing population characteristics. Changes in breastfeeding duration did not tend to be equitably distributed, but in four countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Peru) the population subgroups whose children are most at risk for mortality and increased morbidity from not being breastfed were least likely to show improvements in breastfeeding duration. Between 1986 and 2004 in Peru, breastfeeding duration declined by 0.6 months among rural women while increasing by 9.7 months among urban women; it increased by 6.3 months among women with prenatal care but only by 3.7 months among women with no prenatal care. Changes in breastfeeding in Guatemala and Haiti tended to favour the well-off compared with the poor, though not consistently. In Nicaragua changes in breastfeeding duration tended to favour the less well-off. Discussion While promoting breastfeeding is a must for all women, to maximize its benefits for child survival and health, additional efforts are needed to reach poorly educated and rural women with little access to health care. C1 [Lutter, Chessa K.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Family & Community Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Chaparro, Camila M.] Acad Educ Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lutter, CK (reprint author), Pan Amer Hlth Org, Family & Community Hlth, 525 23rd St,NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM lutterch@paho.org NR 32 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1080 J9 HEALTH POLICY PLANN JI Health Policy Plan. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 257 EP 265 DI 10.1093/heapol/czq046 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 754EQ UT WOS:000289836700007 PM 20876642 ER PT J AU Lonsway, DR Urich, SK Heine, HS McAllister, SK Banerjee, SN Schriefer, ME Patel, JB AF Lonsway, David R. Urich, Sandra K. Heine, Henry S. McAllister, Sigrid K. Banerjee, Shailen N. Schriefer, Martin E. Patel, Jean B. TI Comparison of Etest Method with Reference Broth Microdilution Method for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Yersinia pestis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFERABLE PLASMID; PLAGUE; AGENTS; RESISTANCE; STRAINS AB The utility of Etest for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Yersinia pestis was evaluated in comparison with broth microdilution and disk diffusion for eight agents. Four laboratories tested 26 diverse strains and found Etest to be reliable for testing antimicrobial agents used to treat Y. pestis, except for chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Disk diffusion testing is not recommended. C1 [Lonsway, David R.; McAllister, Sigrid K.; Banerjee, Shailen N.; Patel, Jean B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Urich, Sandra K.; Schriefer, Martin E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Heine, Henry S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lonsway, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Mailstop G08,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dul7@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1956 EP 1960 DI 10.1128/JCM.00142-11 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 755OA UT WOS:000289941000038 PM 21411569 ER PT J AU Mercado, E Srinivasan, V Hawkins, P Chochua, S Ochoa, T Beall, B Mcgee, L AF Mercado, Erik Srinivasan, Velusamy Hawkins, Paulina Chochua, Sopio Ochoa, Theresa Beall, Bernard McGee, Lesley TI First Report of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 6D in South America SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID 6C; CHILDREN; 6A; 6B C1 [Mercado, Erik; Ochoa, Theresa] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Trop Med, Lima, Peru. [Srinivasan, Velusamy; Beall, Bernard; McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hawkins, Paulina; Chochua, Sopio] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Mercado, E (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Trop Med, Lima, Peru. EM lmcgee@cdc.gov OI , ERIK/0000-0003-0899-521X NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2080 EP 2081 DI 10.1128/JCM.00153-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 755OA UT WOS:000289941000072 PM 21430101 ER PT J AU Zeng, G Ma, HL Wang, XB Yan, HF Wan, XH Jiang, B Fontaine, RE Wu, ZL Lin, SB Ruan, F Liu, HH AF Zeng, Guang Ma, Huilai Wang, Xiangbo Yan, Huifang Wan, Xinhua Jiang, Bin Fontaine, Robert E. Wu, Zhenglai Lin, Shaobin Ruan, Feng Liu, Huihui TI Paraplegia and Paraparesis From Intrathecal Methotrexate and Cytarabine Contaminated With Trace Amounts of Vincristine in China During 2007 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; CHEMOTHERAPY; INJECTION; MYELOPATHY AB Purpose The production and administration of drugs used intrathecally requires special care to prevent contamination with neurotoxic agents. In 2007, we investigated a widespread outbreak of paraplegia and paraparesis among Chinese patients who received intrathecal drugs to identify the presumed contaminant and its source to prevent further cases. Patients and Methods We defined a case as onset from January 1 to October 31, 2007, of bilateral flaccid paraparesis or paraplegia or retention and incontinence of stool or urine, in a patient receiving intrathecal drugs. Using a retrospective cohort approach, we selected 12 hospitals from all hospitals that had reported cases. In these hospitals, we identified all 448 patients (including 107 cases) who received intrathecal chemotherapy or chemoprophylaxis in 2007. We calculated attack rates and Mantel-Haenszel adjusted risk ratios for intrathecal drug type and lot. Results All 12 hospitals used intrathecal methotrexate or cytarabine produced by one pharmaceutical plant. Only two lots of each drug were associated with cases. Lot-specific attack rates ranged from 42% to 100% (risk ratio, infinity; lower confidence bounds, 1.8 to 7.3). Vincristine production had immediately preceded production of the implicated lots on the same equipment. By using ultra performance liquid chromatography, we detected vincristine (0.28 to 18 mu g) in unused vials from implicated lots of methotrexate and cytarabine. Conclusion Trace amounts of vincristine that contaminated intrathecal drugs caused a large outbreak of severe neurologic damage. Vincristine and other neurotoxic drugs should not be produced on any equipment that is also used for producing drugs that are to be administered intrathecally. C1 [Zeng, Guang] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. Natl Inst Occupat Hlth & Poison Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. Natl Inst Environm Hlth & Related Product Safety, Beijing, Peoples R China. Capital Med Univ, Xuan Wu Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Peoples Hosp, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zeng, G (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM zeng4605@vip.sina.com NR 25 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 13 BP 1765 EP 1770 DI 10.1200/JCO.2010.32.7072 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 757MN UT WOS:000290090400034 PM 21422429 ER PT J AU Wen, XJ Balluz, L AF Wen, Xiao Jun Balluz, Lina TI Association Between Presence of Visible In-House Mold and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults Residing in Four U.S. States SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY-DISEASE; HOME DAMPNESS; EXPOSURE; SYMPTOMS; ASTHMA; HRQOL; FUNGI AB Despite the broad use of health-related quality of life (IIRQOL) as one of the measurements to assess health status and effectiveness of health care and interventions, the impact of in-house mold exposure on IIRQOL is unknown. The study described in this article examined the relationship between presence of visible in-house mold (PVIM) and HRQOL among adults. Data were analyzed from the 2005 and 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys that consisted of a random cross-sectional sample of 18,356 adults in four states. The authors examined the relationship between PVIM and three important indicators of the HRQOL by logistic regression analyses. Their results suggest that PVIM is independently associated with the indicators of HRQOL including mentally unhealthy, physically unhealthy, and total unhealthy days. Therefore, implementation of appropriate measures at the household level to eliminate or reduce in-house mold may improve individuals' HRQOL. C1 [Wen, Xiao Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Outcomes Team, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wen, XJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Outcomes Team, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tzw4@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 73 IS 9 BP 8 EP 14 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 755HP UT WOS:000289920000002 PM 21644480 ER PT J AU Butz, AM Breysse, P Rand, C Curtin-Brosnan, J Eggleston, P Diette, GB Williams, D Bernert, JT Matsui, EC AF Butz, Arlene M. Breysse, Patrick Rand, Cynthia Curtin-Brosnan, Jean Eggleston, Peyton Diette, Gregory B. Williams, D'Ann Bernert, John T. Matsui, Elizabeth C. TI Household Smoking Behavior: Effects on Indoor Air Quality and Health of Urban Children with Asthma SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Asthma; Children; Cotinine; Particulate matter; Air Nicotine ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; INNER-CITY CHILDREN; LOW-INCOME; PARENTAL SMOKING; URINARY COTININE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; INTERVENTION; NONSMOKERS AB The goal of the study was to examine the association between biomarkers and environmental measures of second hand smoke (SHS) with caregiver, i.e. parent or legal guardian, report of household smoking behavior and morbidity measures among children with asthma. Baseline data were drawn from a longitudinal intervention for 126 inner city children with asthma, residing with a smoker. Most children met criteria for moderate to severe persistent asthma (63%) versus mild intermittent (20%) or mild persistent (17%). Household smoking behavior and asthma morbidity were compared with child urine cotinine and indoor measures of air quality including fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and air nicotine (AN). Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank-sum and Spearman rho correlation tests were used to determine the level of association between biomarkers of SHS exposure and household smoking behavior and asthma morbidity. Most children had uncontrolled asthma (62%). The primary household smoker was the child's caregiver (86/126, 68%) of which 66 (77%) were the child's mother. Significantly higher mean PM(2.5), AN and cotinine concentrations were detected in households where the caregiver was the smoker (caregiver smoker: PM(2.5) mu g/m(3): 44.16, AN: 1.79 mu g/m(3), cotinine: 27.39 ng/ml; caregiver non-smoker: PM(2.5): 28.88 mu g/m(3), AN: 0.71 mu g/m(3), cotinine:10.78 ng/ml, all P <= 0.01). Urine cotinine concentrations trended higher in children who reported 5 or more symptom days within the past 2 weeks (> 5 days/past 2 weeks, cotinine: 28.1 ng/ml vs. < 5 days/past 2 weeks, cotinine: 16.2 ng/ml; P = 0.08). However, environmental measures of SHS exposures were not associated with asthma symptoms. Urban children with persistent asthma, residing with a smoker are exposed to high levels of SHS predominantly from their primary caregiver. Because cotinine was more strongly associated with asthma symptoms than environmental measures of SHS exposure and is independent of the site of exposure, it remains the gold standard for SHS exposure assessment in children with asthma. C1 [Butz, Arlene M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Breysse, Patrick; Williams, D'Ann] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Rand, Cynthia; Diette, Gregory B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Curtin-Brosnan, Jean; Eggleston, Peyton; Matsui, Elizabeth C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Allergy & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Butz, AM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, 200 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM abutz@jhmi.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES009606-09, P01 ES009606]; PHS HHS [E09606] NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 460 EP 468 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0606-7 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 753AS UT WOS:000289737200006 PM 20401688 ER PT J AU Hickson, DA Burchfiel, CM Petrini, MF Liu, JK Campbell-Jenkins, BW Bhagat, R Marshall, GD AF Hickson, DeMarc A. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Petrini, Marcy F. Liu, Jiankang Campbell-Jenkins, Brenda W. Bhagat, Rajesh Marshall, Gailen D. TI Leptin Is Inversely Associated With Lung Function in African Americans, Independent of Adiposity: The Jackson Heart Study SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK; VITAL CAPACITY; PLASMA LEPTIN; SERUM LEPTIN; POPULATION; MORTALITY AB Leptin, a 16-kDa protein, has proinflammatory properties and has been linked to respiratory physiological responses in majority white populations. Little is known, however, about the relationship of leptin with lung function in nonwhites. Cross-sectional associations of circulating serum leptin concentrations with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), FEV in 6 s (FEV(6)), and vital capacity (FVC), assessed by spirometry, were examined in 4,679 African-American men and women participants (54.3 +/- 12.4 years; 62.7% women) in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). The independent association of leptin was examined in relation to FEV(1), FEV(6), and FVC% predicted after adjustment for age, education, smoking status, pack-years of cigarette smoking, respiratory medication use, and menopausal status in women; additional adjustment included total body weight, waist circumference, and BMI. Serum leptin was inversely related to FEV(1), FEV(6), and FVC% predicted values in men. A dose-response relationship was observed with men in the highest leptin quartile having a significantly lower lung function compared to men in the lower leptin quartile. BMI significantly modified this relationship in women: leptin was most consistently associated with lung function in obese women, less consistent in overweight women, and absent in normal-weight women. Serum leptin concentration was strongly, inversely, and independently associated with lung function in African Americans, especially African-American men and obese women. C1 [Hickson, DeMarc A.; Campbell-Jenkins, Brenda W.] Jackson State Univ, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS USA. [Hickson, DeMarc A.; Liu, Jiankang; Marshall, Gailen D.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. [Petrini, Marcy F.; Bhagat, Rajesh] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Bhagat, Rajesh] Sonny Montgomery Vet Affairs Hosp, Jackson, MS USA. RP Hickson, DA (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS USA. EM demarc.a.hickson@jsums.edu FU National Institutes of Health: National Heart Lung & Blood Institute and National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities [N01-HC-95170, N01-HC-95171, N01-HC-95172] FX We give sincere thanks to the Jackson Heart Study participants, staff, and interns for their long-term commitment to the study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Nationals Institutes of Health or the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health: National Heart Lung & Blood Institute and National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (contracts N01-HC-95170, N01-HC-95171, and N01-HC-95172). NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAY PY 2011 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1054 EP 1061 DI 10.1038/oby.2010.240 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 755LS UT WOS:000289933300026 PM 20966906 ER PT J AU Taylor, LD Hariri, S Sternberg, M Dunne, EF Markowitz, LE AF Taylor, La'Shan D. Hariri, Susan Sternberg, Maya Dunne, Eileen F. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Human papillomavirus vaccine coverage in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2008 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus vaccine; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Vaccine coverage ID INFECTION; WOMEN AB Objectives. This study aims to estimate human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage by demographic and sexual behavior characteristics 1-2 years after vaccine licensure in a nationally representative sample of females aged 9-59 years in the United States. Methods. In 2007-2008, a total of 2775 females aged 9-59 years responded to questions on HPV vaccine receipt in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Demographic and sexual characteristics were evaluated for select age categories in bivariate analyses after adjusting for survey design. Results. Overall, 15.2% of females aged 11-26 years reported HPV vaccine initiation; vaccine initiation varied significantly by age. We found no significant difference in vaccine initiation by race or poverty level in either 1118 or 19-26-year olds. Significantly more 19-26-year olds with private insurance initiated vaccine (16.3%) than those with public insurance (4.0%) (p = 0.04). Among females aged 14-18 years, vaccine initiation was higher in those who ever had sex (28.6%) compared to those who had never had sex (17.8%) (p = 0.05). Conclusions. These results describe HPV vaccine initiation shortly after vaccine licensure. Vaccine initiation was highest in females aged 14-18 years. Efforts should be made to increase HPV vaccine coverage for the recommended age groups. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Taylor, La'Shan D.; Hariri, Susan; Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sternberg, Maya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Taylor, LD (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LDTaylor@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP 398 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.11.006 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 757CO UT WOS:000290062000021 PM 21108962 ER PT J AU Soteriades, ES Spanoudis, G Talias, MA Warren, CW DiFranza, JR AF Soteriades, Elpidoforos S. Spanoudis, George Talias, Michael A. Warren, Charles W. DiFranza, Joseph R. TI Children's loss of autonomy over smoking: the global youth tobacco survey SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE-DEPENDENCE SYMPTOMS; DIMINISHED AUTONOMY; ADOLESCENT SMOKERS; CHECKLIST; WITHDRAWAL; CLASSIFICATION; TOLERANCE; ADULTS; ONSET; DANDY AB Background Empirical data suggest that children with infrequent tobacco use have difficulty quitting smoking. Methods Data were obtained from the nationally representative Global Youth Tobacco Survey of middle-school students in Cyprus and Greece. Regression analyses examined associations between smoking frequency (smoking days per month or cigarettes smoked per day) and loss of autonomy (difficulty refraining from smoking). Results The prevalence of lost autonomy was 40% among subjects who smoked 1 or 2 days/month and 41% among subjects who averaged less than one cigarette/day and increased in a dose-response pattern. Regression models derived from the Cyprus data were replicated by the Greek data. Conclusions Two national surveys confirm previous reports of difficulty with smoking cessation with infrequent smoking. Since loss of autonomy is universally recognised as a core feature of addiction, our data indicate that young adolescents experience symptoms of nicotine addiction with infrequent tobacco use. C1 [DiFranza, Joseph R.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Soteriades, Elpidoforos S.] CIBS, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Soteriades, Elpidoforos S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Environm & Occupat Med & Epide, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Spanoudis, George] Univ Cyprus, Dept Psychol, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Talias, Michael A.] Open Univ Cyprus, Healthcare Management Program, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Warren, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP DiFranza, JR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, 55 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM difranzj@ummhc.org FU Cyprus Ministry of Health; Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity; Office for Smoking and Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control FX The authors would like to thank the officers at the Ministry of Health in Cyprus and the Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity in Greece for their support of the GYTS project. The study was supported by a grant from the Cyprus Ministry of Health and the Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity. Considerable support was also received from the Office for Smoking and Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; Centers for Disease Control. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 EI 1468-3318 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1136/tc.2010.036848 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 751KU UT WOS:000289617200017 PM 21109683 ER PT J AU Koh, HK Alpert, HR Judge, CM Caughey, RW Elqura, LJ Connolly, GN Warren, CW AF Koh, Howard K. Alpert, Hillel R. Judge, Christine M. Caughey, Robert W. Elqura, Loris J. Connolly, Gregory N. Warren, Charles W. TI Understanding worldwide youth attitudes towards smoke-free policies: an analysis of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID 4 COUNTRY SURVEY; ANTISMOKING ATTITUDES; SECONDHAND SMOKE; YOUNG-PEOPLE; REGULATIONS; RESTAURANTS; PREVALENCE; INITIATION; BEHAVIORS; PATRONAGE AB Background Smoke-free policies (SFPs) in public places are increasing globally, but developing countries are lagging behind. Understanding youth attitudes towards SFPs can inform SFP initiatives. Methods A multilevel logistic regression analysis of data collected from youth aged 13-15 years (2000-2006) who completed the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in 115 countries, primarily in the developing world, was conducted. The analysis examined relationships between support for SFPs and individual-level measures related to smoking status, and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), controlling for demographic and environmental factors of interest and country-level policy factors. Results In all, 77.3% of 356 395 youth in 115 countries favoured SFPs, including majorities of non-smokers (78.7%) and smokers (63.6%). In the multivariable analysis knowledge of smoke harm was the strongest predictor of favouring SFPs (OR 2.42, 95% CI 2.27 to 2.67). Exposure to countermarketing (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.57) and school anti-smoking education (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.31) were also positively associated. Current smoking (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.53), susceptibility to smoking (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.52) and exposure to tobacco promotion were negatively associated. Significant country-level variation was observed. The presence of any national smoke-free legislation in a country was positively associated with youth favouring such policies. Conclusions The majority of youth worldwide support, yet lack, smoke-free policies in public places, while being regularly exposed to SHS. Youth support of SFPs is most positively associated with knowledge of the harmful effects of tobacco smoke. Redoubling education efforts represents an opportunity to establish smoke-free environments and improve health of children in developing countries. C1 [Alpert, Hillel R.; Connolly, Gregory N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Tobacco Control, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Warren, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Alpert, HR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Tobacco Control, 401 Pk Dr,Landmark Ctr,3rd Floor E, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM halpert@hsph.harvard.edu FU Flight Attendants Medical Research Institute FX This paper was supported by a Flight Attendants Medical Research Institute, Clinical Innovator Award 072085. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1136/tc.2010.038885 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 751KU UT WOS:000289617200020 PM 21270072 ER PT J AU McClave-Regan, AK Berkowitz, J AF McClave-Regan, Annette K. Berkowitz, Judy TI Smokers who are also using smokeless tobacco products in the US: a national assessment of characteristics, behaviours and beliefs of 'dual users' SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DISEASE; RISKS AB Background Marketing and advertising of smokeless tobacco products towards cigarette smokers has increased recently. Because the use of multiple tobacco products is a growing public health concern, the present work assesses the use of smokeless tobacco among cigarette smokers, a behaviour termed as 'dual use', as well as attitudes and beliefs on their 'dual use' of tobacco. Methods Data were used from the 2008 ConsumerStyles survey, a nationally representative, mail-in survey of consumers in the USA (n = 10 108). Results 'Dual use' was more common among cigarette smokers who were young, white men living in the Midwest or South. The majority of 'dual users' reported using smokeless tobacco in places where they could not smoke (67.7%) and did not believe smokeless tobacco would help in quitting smoking (75.1%). 'Dual users' reported planning to quit within the next 6 months less often than adults who smoke cigarettes exclusively and close to half (42.3%) never plan to quit smoking. Conclusions Tobacco use is attributed to a number of diseases and deaths worldwide, and cessation of tobacco use can reduce these health risks. The prevalent use of smokeless tobacco in places with smoking restrictions and lack of planning to quit by 'dual users' suggest the need to promote cessation among these users. C1 [McClave-Regan, Annette K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP McClave-Regan, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM amcclave@cdc.gov OI Regan, Annette/0000-0002-3879-6193 NR 23 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 239 EP 242 DI 10.1136/tc.2010.039115 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 751KU UT WOS:000289617200024 PM 21172853 ER PT J AU Stanfill, SB Connolly, GN Zhang, LQ Jia, LT Henningfield, JE Richter, P Lawler, TS Ayo-Yusuf, OA Ashley, DL Watson, CH AF Stanfill, Stephen B. Connolly, Gregory N. Zhang, Liqin Jia, Lily T. Henningfield, Jack E. Richter, Patricia Lawler, Tameka S. Ayo-Yusuf, Olalekan A. Ashley, David L. Watson, Clifford H. TI Global surveillance of oral tobacco products: total nicotine, unionised nicotine and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID SMOKELESS TOBACCO; MOIST SNUFF; CARCINOGEN; SMOKERS; SUDAN; USERS AB Objective Oral tobacco products contain nicotine and carcinogenic tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) that can be absorbed through the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to determine typical pH ranges and concentrations of total nicotine, unionised nicotine (the most readily absorbed form) and five TSNAs in selected oral tobacco products distributed globally. Methods A total of 53 oral tobacco products from 5 World Health Organisation (WHO) regions were analysed for total nicotine and TSNAs, including 4-(methylnitrosamino)- 1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), using gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Unionised nicotine concentrations were calculated using product pH and total nicotine concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to help categorise or characterise some products. Results Total nicotine content varied from 0.16 to 34.1 mg/g product, whereas, the calculated unionised nicotine ranged from 0.05 to 31.0 mg/g product; a 620-fold range of variation. Products ranged from pH 5.2 to 10.1, which translates to 0.2% to 99.1% of nicotine being in the unionised form. Some products have very high pH and correspondingly high unionised nicotine (eg, gul powder, chimo, toombak) and/or high TSNA (eg, toombak, zarda, khaini) concentrations. The concentrations of TSNAs spanned five orders of magnitude with concentrations of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) ranging from 4.5 to 516 000 ng/g product. Conclusions These data have important implications for risk assessment because they show that very different exposure risks may be posed through the use of these chemically diverse oral tobacco products. Because of the wide chemical variation, oral tobacco products should not be categorised together when considering the public health implications of their use. C1 [Stanfill, Stephen B.; Zhang, Liqin; Lawler, Tameka S.; Ashley, David L.; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Connolly, Gregory N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Jia, Lily T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Henningfield, Jack E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Henningfield, Jack E.] Pinney Associates, Bethesda, MD USA. [Richter, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ayo-Yusuf, Olalekan A.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Community Dent, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Stanfill, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sstanfill@cdc.gov FU U.S. Government, Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with U.S. federal government FX This work was funded by the U.S. Government, Department of Health and Human Services. This study was also funded internally at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with funds directly provided by the U.S. federal government. NR 25 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 15 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 DI 10.1136/tc.2010.037465 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 751KU UT WOS:000289617200001 PM 21109685 ER PT J AU Horton, JC Yoon, MK Carvalho, MD McLeod, SD AF Horton, Jonathan C. Yoon, Michael K. Carvalho, Maria D. McLeod, Stephen D. TI Polymerase chain reaction confirmed by immunohistochemistry: a two-pronged diagnostic approach in endophthalmitis SO ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE C1 [Horton, Jonathan C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Beckman Vis Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Carvalho, Maria D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Horton, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Beckman Vis Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM hortonj@vision.ucsf.edu FU Research to Prevent Blindness FX We thank Sherif R. Zaki, Melissa Whaley and Bernard Beall. This research was supported by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-375X J9 ACTA OPHTHALMOL JI Acta Ophthalmol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 3 BP 301 EP 302 DI 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01643.x PG 2 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 751TR UT WOS:000289641000038 PM 19681759 ER PT J AU O'Grady, NP Alexander, M Burns, LA Dellinger, EP Garland, J Heard, SO Lipsett, PA Masur, H Mermel, LA Pearson, ML Raad, II Randolph, AG Rupp, ME Saint, S AF O'Grady, Naomi P. Alexander, Mary Burns, Lillian A. Dellinger, E. Patchen Garland, Jeffrey Heard, Stephen O. Lipsett, Pamela A. Masur, Henry Mermel, Leonard A. Pearson, Michele L. Raad, Issam I. Randolph, Adrienne G. Rupp, Mark E. Saint, Sanjay CA HICPAC TI Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS; CUFFED HEMODIALYSIS CATHETERS C1 [O'Grady, Naomi P.; Masur, Henry] NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alexander, Mary] Infus Nurses Soc, Norwood, MA USA. [Burns, Lillian A.] Staten Isl Univ Hosp, Staten Isl, NY USA. [Dellinger, E. Patchen] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Garland, Jeffrey] Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare St Joseph, Dept Pediat, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Heard, Stephen O.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Brown Univ, Div Infect Dis, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Pearson, Michele L.] CDC, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Raad, Issam I.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Randolph, Adrienne G.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rupp, Mark E.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Omaha, NE USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP O'Grady, NP (reprint author), NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nogrady@mail.cc.nih.gov OI Randolph, Adrienne/0000-0002-3084-3071 FU NIH; Merck; Medscape; ASHP; IDSA; ASM; American College of Surgeons; NQF; SHEA/CDC; SHEA/CDC, HHS; Trauma Shock Inflammation and Sepsis Meeting (Munich); University of Minnesota; Angiotech; Astellas; Theravance; Pfizer; Catheter Connections; Cubist; Cubist, Enzon; Basilea; Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Discovery Laboratories; Molnlycke; Cardinal Healthcare Foundation; Sanofi-Pasteur; 3M FX E.P.D. Grant support through the NIH.; Potential conflicts of interest. N.P. O'G. served as a board member for the ABIM Subspecialty Board for Critical Care Medicine. M.A. is an employee of the Infusion Nurses Society, Honoraria from 3M, Becton Dickinson, Smiths Medical. L.A.B. is a consultant for Institute of Healthcare Improvement, Board membership for Theradoc, Medline. Honoraria from APIC, Clorox. E.P.D. consulting from Merck, Baxter, Ortho-McNeil, Targanta, Schering-Plough, Optimer, Cadence, Cardinal, BDGeneOhm, WebEx, Cerebrio, and Tyco. Grant support through the NIH. Payment for lecture from Merck. Payment for development of educational presentation from Medscape. Travel and meeting expenses paid for by ASHP, IDSA, ASM, American College of Surgeons, NQF, SHEA/CDC, HHS, Trauma Shock Inflammation and Sepsis Meeting (Munich), University of Minnesota. J.G. Honoria from Ethicon. S.O.H. provides research support from Angiotech; Honoraria from Angiotech, Merck. L.A.M provides research support from Astellas, Theravance, Pfizer; Consulting for Ash Access, Cadence, Cor-Medix, Catheter Connections, Carefusion, Sage, Bard, Teleflex; Payment for manuscript preparation from Catheter Connections. I.I.R. provides research support from Cubist, Enzon, and Basilea; Consulting for Clorox; Stock Equity or Options in Great Lakes Pharmaceuticalsand Inventive Protocol; Speakers Bureau for Cook, Inc.; Royalty income (patents owned by MD Anderson on which Dr. Raad in an inventor: American Medical Systems, Cook, Inc., Cook urological, Teleflex, TyRx, Medtronic, Biomet, Great Lakes Pharmaceuticals. A.R. consulting income from Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Discovery Laboratories. M.E.R. provides research support from Molnlycke, Cardinal Healthcare Foundation, Sanofi-Pasteur, 3M, and Cubist; Consulting from Semprus; Honorarium for lectures from 3M, Carefusion, Baxter and Becton Dickinson. Previously served on Board of Directors for Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 371 TC 328 Z9 355 U1 7 U2 68 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAY PY 2011 VL 39 IS 4 SU 1 BP S1 EP S34 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.01.003 PG 34 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 752TI UT WOS:000289716700001 PM 21511081 ER PT J AU Seyler, TH Bernert, JT AF Seyler, Tiffany H. Bernert, John T. TI Analysis of 4-aminobiphenyl in smoker's and nonsmoker's urine by tandem mass spectrometry SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article DE Chemical carcinogenesis; tobacco science; mass spectroscopy ID BLADDER-CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC AROMATIC-AMINES; ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT LEVELS; ADULT CIGARETTE SMOKERS; MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY; LOS-ANGELES; EXPOSURE; BIOMARKERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The aromatic amine 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) is present in tobacco smoke. In humans, it is also a known bladder carcinogen. We describe here a method for the quantification of total 4-ABP in urine using capillary gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, with an effective detection limit in urine samples of approximately 0.87 pg/mL. We also examined the efficiency of chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of urinary aromatic amine metabolites. Although we found acidic or basic hydrolysis effective, we found enzymatic hydrolysis (beta-glucuronidase with either Escherichia coli or Helix pomatia) ineffective. As part of this work, we also confirm the presence of N-acetyl-4-ABP and 4-ABP glucuronide in human urine samples from smokers. These metabolites have been reported in animal studies, but previously they have not been identified in human samples. These metabolites, however, were found to be unstable and thus infeasible for biomonitoring. The final validated urinary total 4-ABP assay was applied to the analysis of samples from smokers and nonsmokers, whose status was confirmed from cotinine EIA measurements. Among 41 confirmed nonsmokers, the geometric mean (95% CI) of 4-ABP concentration was 1.64 pg/mg creatinine (1.30-2.07). Conversely, in 89 smokers, the geometric mean of 4-ABP concentration was significantly greater, at 8.69 pg/mg creatinine (7.43-10.16), p < 0.001. Our results indicate that following tobacco smoke exposure, total urinary 4-ABP is a reliable biomarker for exposure to this carcinogen. C1 [Seyler, Tiffany H.; Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Seyler, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tvh2@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD MAY PY 2011 VL 16 IS 3 BP 212 EP 221 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2010.544755 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA 753AZ UT WOS:000289737900003 PM 21438718 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA Bedrosian, S Boffetta, P Dolan, SM Dowling, N Fortier, I Freedman, AN Grimshaw, JM Gulcher, J Gwinn, M Hlatky, MA Janes, H Kraft, P Melillo, S O'Donnell, CJ Pencina, MJ Ransohoff, D Schully, SD Seminara, D Winn, DM Wright, CF van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. Bedrosian, Sara Boffetta, Paolo Dolan, Siobhan M. Dowling, Nicole Fortier, Isabel Freedman, Andrew N. Grimshaw, Jeremy M. Gulcher, Jeffrey Gwinn, Marta Hlatky, Mark A. Janes, Holly Kraft, Peter Melillo, Stephanie O'Donnell, Christopher J. Pencina, Michael J. Ransohoff, David Schully, Sheri D. Seminara, Daniela Winn, Deborah M. Wright, Caroline F. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. TI Strengthening the reporting of genetic risk prediction studies (GRIPS): explanation and elaboration SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HEART-DISEASE RISK; OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE; TYPE-2 DIABETES RISK; RECLASSIFICATION MEASURES; MACULAR DEGENERATION; DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PROSTATE-CANCER AB The rapid and continuing progress in gene discovery for complex diseases is fueling interest in the potential application of genetic risk models for clinical and public health practice. The number of studies assessing the predictive ability is steadily increasing, but they vary widely in completeness of reporting and apparent quality. Transparent reporting of the strengths and weaknesses of these studies is important to facilitate the accumulation of evidence on genetic risk prediction. A multidisciplinary workshop sponsored by the Human Genome Epidemiology Network developed a checklist of 25 items recommended for strengthening the reporting of Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies (GRIPS), building on the principles established by previous reporting guidelines. These recommendations aim to enhance the transparency, quality and completeness of study reporting, and thereby to improve the synthesis and application of information from multiple studies that might differ in design, conduct or analysis. European Journal of Human Genetics (2011) 19; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2011.27; published online 16 March 2011 C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts CTSI, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.; Bedrosian, Sara; Dowling, Nicole; Gwinn, Marta; Melillo, Stephanie; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Tisch Canc Inst, New York, NY USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Int Prevent Res Inst, Lyon, France. [Dolan, Siobhan M.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Fortier, Isabel] Publ Populat Project Genom P3G, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Freedman, Andrew N.; Schully, Sheri D.; Seminara, Daniela; Winn, Deborah M.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Grimshaw, Jeremy M.] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Grimshaw, Jeremy M.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Gulcher, Jeffrey] deCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Hlatky, Mark A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Janes, Holly] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Janes, Holly] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Kraft, Peter] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] NHLBI, Framingham, MA USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] NHLBIs Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA USA. [Pencina, Michael J.] Boston Univ, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Pencina, Michael J.] Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Ransohoff, David] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wright, Caroline F.] PHG Fdn, Cambridge, England. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976; Wright, Caroline/0000-0003-2958-5076 FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Donald W. Reynolds Foundation; Leducq Foundation FX Examples: 'This study was supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation; and the Leducq Foundation. Additional support for DNA extraction, reagents and data analysis was provided by Roche Diagnostics and Amgen. Genotyping of the 9p21.3 variant was performed by Celera. The funding sources had no role in the design, conduct, or reporting of this study or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication'.56 NR 93 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1018-4813 J9 EUR J HUM GENET JI Eur. J. Hum. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 19 IS 5 DI 10.1038/ejhg.2011.27 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 753OR UT WOS:000289789500001 ER PT J AU Nierenberg, K Hollenbeck, J Fleming, LE Stephan, W Reich, A Backer, LC Currier, R Kirkpatrick, B AF Nierenberg, Kate Hollenbeck, Julie Fleming, Lora E. Stephan, Wendy Reich, Andrew Backer, Lorraine C. Currier, Robert Kirkpatrick, Barbara TI Frontiers in outreach and education: The Florida red tide experience SO HARMFUL ALGAE LA English DT Article DE Communication tools; Evaluation of outreach and education; Florida red tide; Harmful algal blooms and public knowledge; Karenia brevis; Outreach and education AB To enhance information sharing and garner increased support from the public for scientific research, funding agencies now typically require that research groups receiving support convey their work to stakeholders. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) funded Aerosolized Florida Red Tide P01 research group (Florida Red Tide Research Group) has employed a variety of outreach strategies to meet this requirement. Messages developed from this project began a decade ago and have evolved from basic print material (fliers and posters) to an interactive website, to the use of video and social networking technologies, such as Facebook and Twitter. The group was able to track dissemination of these information products; however, evaluation of their effectiveness presented much larger challenges. The primary lesson learned by the Florida Red Tide Research Group is that the best ways to reach specific stakeholders are to develop unique products or services to address specific stakeholders' needs, such as the Beach Conditions Reporting System. Based on the experience of the Group, the most productive messaging products result when scientific community engages potential stakeholders and outreach experts during the very initial phases of a project. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nierenberg, Kate] Mote Marine Lab, Environm Hlth Program, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Hollenbeck, Julie; Fleming, Lora E.; Stephan, Wendy] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Hollenbeck, Julie; Fleming, Lora E.; Stephan, Wendy] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Hollenbeck, Julie; Fleming, Lora E.; Stephan, Wendy] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NIEHS Marine & Freshwater Biomed Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Reich, Andrew] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kirkpatrick, Barbara] Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Nierenberg, K (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, Environm Hlth Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. EM knierenberg@mote.org FU DHHS NIH of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P01 ES 10594]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF OCE0432368, NSF OCE0911373, NIEHS 1 P50 ES12736]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [GEO-1009063]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [1R21ES017413-01A2]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Florida Department of Health [U50/CCU423360-02] FX This research was supported by the P01 ES 10594, DHHS NIH of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Additional support was received from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School (NSF OCE0432368, NSF OCE0911373 and NIEHS 1 P50 ES12736), the National Science Foundation (NSF GEO-1009063), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS 1R21ES017413-01A2) as well as by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Florida Department of Health (Cooperative Agreement: U50/CCU423360-02).[SS] NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9883 J9 HARMFUL ALGAE JI Harmful Algae PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 4 BP 374 EP 380 DI 10.1016/j.hal.2011.01.004 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 753WB UT WOS:000289809600004 PM 21532966 ER PT J AU Law, HZ Oraka, E Mannino, DM AF Law, Huay-Zong Oraka, Emeka Mannino, David M. TI The Role of Income in Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Emergency Room and Urgent Care Center Visits for Asthma-United States, 2001-2009 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE asthma; minority health; emergency medicine; income; socioeconomic factors; disparities; race; ethnicity; emergency room; urgent care centers ID DEPARTMENT VISITS; MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; SEX-DIFFERENCES; URBAN CHILDREN; RISK-FACTORS; ADULTS; HEALTH; HOSPITALIZATION; RACE/ETHNICITY AB Objective. To examine racial/ethnic disparities and associated factors in asthma-related emergency room (ER) and urgent care center (UCC) visits among US adults and determine whether disparities vary across increasing income strata. Methods. We analyzed data from 238,678 adult respondents from the 2001 to 2009 National Health Interview Survey and calculated the weighted annual prevalence of an ER/UCC visit for persons with current asthma. We used logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for asthma-related ER/UCC visits by race/ethnicity and income, adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic, and other health-related factors. Results. The average annual prevalence of asthma-related ER/UCC visits among adults with current asthma was highest for Puerto Ricans (24.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3-29.9) followed by non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Natives (22.1%, 95% CI: 14.4-32.4), non-Hispanic blacks (20.4%, 95% CI: 18.5-22.4), other Hispanics (17.3%, 95% CI: 15.0-19.9), Asians (11.0%, 95% CI: 7.8-15.4), and non-Hispanic whites (10.1%, 95% CI: 9.4-10.9). Puerto Ricans (AOR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.54-2.62), non-Hispanic blacks (AOR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.46-2.03), and other Hispanics (AOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.25-1.92) with current asthma had significantly higher odds of an asthma-related ER/UCC visit than non-Hispanic whites. Lower socioeconomic status, obesity, and serious psychological distress were also associated with higher odds of asthma-related ER/UCC visits. Puerto Ricans with the lowest income (AOR: 3.52; 95% CI: 2.27-5.47), non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Natives with the highest income (AOR: 5.71; 95% CI: 1.48-22.13), and non-Hispanic blacks in every income stratum had significantly higher odds of asthma-related ER/UCC visits compared to non-Hispanic whites in the highest income stratum. Conclusions. Racial/ethnic disparities in asthma-related ER/UCC visits persist after accounting for income and other socioeconomic factors. Further research is needed to identify modifiable risk factors directly associated to race/ethnicity to decrease the asthma burden on minority populations. C1 [Law, Huay-Zong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Program, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects,Natl Ctr Envi, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Mannino, David M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Prevent Med & Environm Hlth, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. RP Law, HZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Program, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects,Natl Ctr Envi, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-58, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM lawh@wusm.wustl.edu OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); CDC Foundation through Pfizer FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All authors attest that there are no conflicts of interest related to the submission of this manuscript. Mr. H.-Z. Law participated in a research fellowship at CDC sponsored by the CDC Foundation through a grant funded by Pfizer. Mr. E. Oraka is an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Fellow at CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 4 BP 405 EP 413 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.565849 PG 9 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 752IP UT WOS:000289685100015 PM 21504353 ER PT J AU Berg, CJ Callaghan, WM Henderson, Z Syverson, C AF Berg, Cynthia J. Callaghan, William M. Henderson, Zsakeba Syverson, Carla TI Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the United States, 1998 to 2005 Reply SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Berg, Cynthia J.; Callaghan, William M.; Henderson, Zsakeba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Syverson, Carla] Empowered Global Solut, Englewood, CO USA. RP Berg, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 117 IS 5 BP 1230 EP 1230 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821769ed PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 753KF UT WOS:000289771000039 ER PT J AU Portier, CJ AF Portier, Christopher J. TI Comprehensive Environmental Public Health SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Portier, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Portier, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Portier, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F61, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cip7@cdc.gov RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010 OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 3 EP 6 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700002 PM 21563706 ER PT J AU Ruckart, PZ Moore, C Burgin, D Byrne, MK AF Ruckart, Perri Zeitz Moore, Cory Burgin, Deborah Byrne, Maggie Kelly TI The 2009 National Environmental Public Health Conference: One Model for Planning Green and Healthy Conferences SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID OBESITY AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Environmental Health and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry committed to making their 2009 National Environmental Public Health Conference a model for green and healthy conferences. The conference included increased opportunities for physical activity, both as part of conference events and for transportation to the conference. In addition, conference meals were healthy and sustainably sourced. The conference also implemented intuitive, accessible recycling; online scheduling and evaluation to minimize hard-copy materials; and the purchase of carbon offsets to reduce the unwanted environmental impact of the conference. Public health professionals have an opportunity and obligation to support healthy behaviors at their events and to serve as leaders in this area. Facilitating healthy and sustainable choices is in alignment with goals for both public health and broader social issues-such as environmental quality-that have a direct bearing on public health. C1 [Ruckart, Perri Zeitz; Moore, Cory; Burgin, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ruckart, Perri Zeitz; Moore, Cory; Burgin, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ruckart, PZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pruckart@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 58 EP 63 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700009 PM 21563713 ER PT J AU King, ME Damon, SA AF King, Michael E. Damon, Scott A. TI Attitudes about Carbon Monoxide Safety in the United States: Results from the 2005 and 2006 HealthStyles Survey SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID PLANNED BEHAVIOR; ICE STORM; PREVENTION; HOUSEHOLDS; OUTBREAK AB Objectives. We sought to identify attitudes and behaviors related to carbon monoxide (CO) safety that can be targeted with public health prevention strategies in the U.S. Methods. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added questions about (1) proper placement of gas-powered generators, (2) maintenance of fuel-burning appliances, and (3) use of CO detectors to the 2005 and 2006 Health Styles national health marketing surveys. Results. In 2005, 63.3% of Health Styles respondents agreed with or were uncertain about the incorrect statement, "It is safe to run a generator in a garage as long as the door is open," while 43.1% agreed with or were uncertain about the incorrect statement, "It is safe to run a generator in the basement." Most of the 2006 respondents (63.5%) agreed that it is important to have their furnace inspected annually. However, fewer than half of the 2006 respondents (42.0%)-most of whom were homeowners-reported owning a CO detector. Conclusions. A large proportion of adults in the U.S. reported attitudes and behaviors that may place them at increased risk for unintentional, non-firerelated CO poisoning, suggesting that current safety messages may not be reaching much of the public. Prevention messages should continue to promote proper generator placement, maintenance of fuel-burning appliances, and use of CO detectors. Development of a comprehensive national strategy for CO surveillance and communication may help identify populations at increased risk and prevent future poisonings. C1 [King, Michael E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM nzk7@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 100 EP 107 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700013 PM 21563717 ER PT J AU Lutterloh, EC Iqbal, S Clower, JH Spiller, HA Riggs, MA Sugg, TJ Humbaugh, KE Cadwell, BL Thoroughman, DA AF Lutterloh, Emily C. Iqbal, Shahed Clower, Jacquelyn H. Spiller, Henry A. Riggs, Margaret A. Sugg, Tennis J. Humbaugh, Kraig E. Cadwell, Betsy L. Thoroughman, Douglas A. TI Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After an Ice Storm in Kentucky, 2009 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objectives. Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality during natural disasters. On January 26-27, 2009, a severe ice storm occurred in Kentucky, causing widespread, extended power outages and disrupting transportation and communications. After the storm, CO poisonings were reported throughout the state. The objectives of this investigation were to determine the extent of the problem, identify sources of CO poisoning, characterize cases, make recommendations to reduce morbidity and mortality, and develop prevention strategies. Methods. We obtained data from the Kentucky Regional Poison Center (KRPC), hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) facilities, and coroners. Additionally, the Kentucky Department for Public Health provided statewide emergency department (ED) and hospitalization data. Results. During the two weeks after the storm, KRPC identified 144 cases of CO poisoning; exposure sources included kerosene heaters, generators, and propane heaters. Hospitals reported 202 ED visits and 26 admissions. Twenty-eight people received HBOT. Ten deaths were attributed to CO poisoning, eight of which were related to inappropriate generator location. Higher rates of CO poisoning were reported in areas with the most ice accumulation. Conclusions. Although CO poisonings are preventable, they continue to occur in postdisaster situations. Recommendations include encouraging use of CO alarms, exploring use of engineering controls on generators to decrease CO exposure, providing specific information regarding safe use and placement of CO-producing devices, and using multiple communication methods to reach people without electricity. C1 [Iqbal, Shahed] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lutterloh, Emily C.; Iqbal, Shahed; Cadwell, Betsy L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lutterloh, Emily C.; Riggs, Margaret A.; Sugg, Tennis J.; Humbaugh, Kraig E.; Thoroughman, Douglas A.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. [Spiller, Henry A.] Kentucky Reg Poison Ctr, Louisville, KY USA. [Riggs, Margaret A.; Thoroughman, Douglas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Iqbal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SIqbal@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 108 EP 115 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700014 PM 21563718 ER PT J AU Melnikova, N Welles, WL Wilburn, RE Rice, N Wu, J Stanbury, M AF Melnikova, Natalia Welles, Wanda Lizak Wilburn, Rebecca E. Rice, Nancy Wu, Jennifer Stanbury, Martha TI Hazards of Illicit Methamphetamine Production and Efforts at Reduction: Data from the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance System SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objectives. Methamphetamine (meth) is a highly addictive drug of abuse that can easily be made in small illegal laboratories from household chemicals that are highly toxic and dangerous. Meth labs have been found in locations such as homes, outbuildings, motels, and cars. Its production endangers the "cook," neighbors, responders, and the environment. This article describes surveillance data used to examine the emergence and public health impacts of illicit clandestine meth labs, as well as two states' efforts to thwart lab operations and prevent responder injuries. Methods. We analyzed data collected from 2001 to 2008 by 18 states participating in the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) Program to examine the occurrence and public health impacts of clandestine meth production. Results. HSEES data indicate that the majority of clandestine meth lab events occurred in residential areas. About 15% of meth lab events required evacuation. Nearly one-fourth of these events resulted in injuries, with 902 reported victims. Most victims (61%) were official responders, and one-third were members of the general public. Since 2004, with the implementation of local and federal laws and prevention activities, the number of meth lab events has declined. Increased education and training of first responders has led to decreased injuries among police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical personnel. Conclusions. HSEES data provided a good data source for monitoring the emergence of domestic clandestine meth production, the associated public health effects, and the results of state and federal efforts to promote actions to address the problem. C1 [Melnikova, Natalia; Wu, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Welles, Wanda Lizak; Wilburn, Rebecca E.] Natl Tox Subst Incidents Program, Bur Tox Subst Assessment, Div Environm Hlth Assessment, Ctr Environm Hlth,New York State Dept Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Rice, Nancy] Hazardous Subst Emergency Events Surveillance Pro, Div Environm Hlth, Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Stanbury, Martha] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Melnikova, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM nbm6@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 116 EP 123 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700015 PM 21563719 ER PT J AU Brown, MJ Jacobs, DE AF Brown, Mary Jean Jacobs, David E. TI Residential Light and Risk for Depression and Falls: Results from the LARES Study of Eight European Cities SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; NONSEASONAL DEPRESSION; BRIGHT LIGHT; THERAPY; EFFICACY; COMMUNITY; MELATONIN; PEOPLE AB Objectives. We examined the relationship between self-reported inadequate residential natural light and risk for depression or falls among adults aged 18 years or older. Methods. Generalized estimating equations were used to calculate the odds of depression or falls in participants with self-reported inadequate natural residential light vs. those reporting adequate light (n=6, 017) using data from the World Health Organization's Large Analysis and Review of European Housing and Health Survey, a large cross-sectional study of housing and health in representative populations from eight European cities. Results. Participants reporting inadequate natural light in their dwellings were 1.4 times (95% confidence interval [Cl] 1.2, 1.7) as likely to report depression and 1.5 times (95% Cl 1.2, 1.9) as likely to report a fall compared with those satisfied with their dwelling's light. After adjustment for major confounders, the likelihood of depression changed slightly, while the likelihood of a fall increased to 2.5 (95% Cl 1.5, 4.2). Conclusion. Self-reported inadequate light in housing is independently associated with depression and falls. Increasing light in housing, a relatively inexpensive intervention, may improve two distinct health conditions. C1 [Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jacobs, David E.] Natl Ctr Healthy Housing, Columbia, MD USA. RP Brown, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-46, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjb5@cdc.gov FU German Federal Ministry of Health FX The World Health Organization (WHO) coordinated the Large Analysis and Review of European Housing and Health Status study with funding from the German Federal Ministry of Health. Staff time for the authors' work was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All applicable European requirements regarding human subjects protection were met by WHO. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 131 EP 140 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700017 PM 21563721 ER PT J AU Lovegrove, MC Shehab, N Hales, CM Poneleit, K Crane, E Budnitz, DS AF Lovegrove, Maribeth C. Shehab, Nadine Hales, Craig M. Poneleit, Kathy Crane, Elizabeth Budnitz, Daniel S. TI Emergency Department Visits for Antiviral Adverse Events During the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) outbreak was associated with an increased use of antiviral agents and highlighted the role of population-based monitoring for related adverse drug events (ADEs). An ongoing, nationally representative emergency department-based surveillance system was used to identify and characterize ADEs during the pandemic. Active surveillance for ADEs successfully provided timely, population-based data during the pandemic. Increases in antiviral ADEs paralleled increases in prescribing. Type and severity of ADEs were similar across all seasons. C1 [Lovegrove, Maribeth C.; Shehab, Nadine; Budnitz, Daniel S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hales, Craig M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Poneleit, Kathy; Crane, Elizabeth] Substance Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Ctr Behav Hlth Stat & Qual, Div Facil Surveys, Drug Abuse Warning Network, Rockville, MD USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 IS 3 BP 312 EP 317 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AJ UT WOS:000289659600003 PM 21553658 ER PT J AU Alfonsi, GA Datta, SD Mickiewicz, T Koutsky, LA Ghanem, K Hagensee, M Kerndt, P Hsu, K Weinstock, H Shlay, JC AF Alfonsi, Grace A. Datta, S. Deblina Mickiewicz, Theresa Koutsky, Laura A. Ghanem, Khalil Hagensee, Michael Kerndt, Peter Hsu, Katherine Weinstock, Hillard Shlay, Judith C. TI Prevalence of High-Risk HPV Types and Abnormal Cervical Cytology in American Indian/Alaska Native Women, 2003-2005 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; ALASKA-NATIVES; UNITED-STATES; CANCER INCIDENCE; RACIAL MISCLASSIFICATION; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; NATIONAL BREAST; INDIANS; SURVEILLANCE AB Objectives. We described prevalence estimates of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), HPV types 16 and 18, and abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smear tests among American Indian/Alaska Native (Al/AN) women compared with women of other races/ethnicities. Methods. A total of 9,706 women presenting for cervical screening in a sentinel network of 26 clinics (sexually transmitted disease, family planning, and primary care) received Pap smears and HR-HPV type-specific testing. We compared characteristics of 291 women self-identified as Al/AN with other racial/ethnic minority groups. Results. In our population, Al/AN and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women had similar age- and clinic-adjusted prevalences of HR-HPV (29.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI] 23.9, 34.3 for AI/AN women vs. 25.8%, 95% CI 24.4, 27.2 for NHW women), HPV 16 and 18 (6.7%, 95% CI 3.9, 9.6 for AI/AN women vs. 8.8%, 95% CI 7.9, 9.7 for NHW women), and abnormal Pap smear test results (16%, 95% CI 11.7, 20.3 for AI/AN women vs. 14.9%, 95% CI 13.7, 16.0 for NHW women). Al/AN women had a higher prevalence of HR-HPV than Hispanic women, and a similar prevalence of HPV 16 and 18 as compared with Hispanic and African American women. Conclusions. We could not demonstrate differences in the prevalence of HR-HPV, HPV 16 and 18, or abnormal Pap smear test results between Al/AN and NHW women. This finding should improve confidence in the benefit of HPV vaccine and Pap smear screening in the Al/AN population as an effective strategy to reduce rates of cervical cancer. C1 [Alfonsi, Grace A.; Mickiewicz, Theresa; Shlay, Judith C.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Datta, S. Deblina; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Koutsky, Laura A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ghanem, Khalil] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hagensee, Michael] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Kerndt, Peter] Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth, STD Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hsu, Katherine] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Alfonsi, GA (reprint author), Denver Publ Hlth, Denver Hlth Med Ctr, 301 W 6th Ave,MC0151, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM Grace.Alfonsi@dhha.org NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 IS 3 BP 330 EP 337 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AJ UT WOS:000289659600005 PM 21553660 ER PT J AU Gilboa, SM AF Gilboa, S. M. TI But What Else Could There Be? Additional Methodological Issues to Consider in the Observational Study of SSRIs during Pregnancy SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gilboa, S. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 91 IS 5 SI SI BP 313 EP 313 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 762QQ UT WOS:000290494900013 ER PT J AU Newsome, K Williams, J Rasmussen, SA Callaghan, W Mcintyre, A Hill, H Way, S Honein, M Jamieson, D Zotti, M Finelli, L AF Newsome, K. Williams, J. Rasmussen, S. A. Callaghan, W. Mcintyre, A. Hill, H. Way, S. Honein, M. Jamieson, D. Zotti, M. Finelli, L. TI Infant Outcomes among Critically Ill Pregnant Women with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza during the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Newsome, K.; Way, S.] SciMetrika LLC, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Williams, J.; Rasmussen, S. A.; Honein, M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Callaghan, W.; Jamieson, D.; Zotti, M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mcintyre, A.; Finelli, L.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hill, H.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 91 IS 5 SI SI BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 762QQ UT WOS:000290494900158 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI And therefore I have sailed the seas and come To the holy city of Byzantium SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 5 BP 958 EP 959 DI 10.3201/eid1705.AC1705 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 760AB UT WOS:000290291900052 PM 21529432 ER PT J AU Kumar, GS Saenger, M Varma, S Burleson, M Kohrt, B Cantey, P AF Kumar, Gayathri Suresh Saenger, Michael Varma, Selina Burleson, Molly Kohrt, Brandon Cantey, Paul TI THE BURDEN OF CHRONIC DISEASE AMONG THE BHUTANESE REFUGEE POPULATION AT A US URBAN CLINIC SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kumar, Gayathri Suresh; Saenger, Michael; Varma, Selina; Burleson, Molly; Kohrt, Brandon] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cantey, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 26 SU 1 BP S131 EP S132 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V30JQ UT WOS:000208812701005 ER PT J AU Simmons, EM Brown, MJ Sly, K Ma, M Sutton, MY McLellan-Lemal, E AF Simmons, Emma M. Brown, Monique J. Sly, Kaye Ma, Mindy Sutton, Madeline Y. McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor TI Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing in Primary Care Among Health Care Providers SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE stigma; risk assessment; health disparities; HIV/AIDS ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; ROUTINE; INFECTION; SETTINGS AB Purpose: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a preventable disease that can have improved outcomes with early diagnosis and treatment. The CDC recommends that HIV testing be incorporated into clinical settings as part of routine medical care. Methods: Individual, open-ended interviews were conducted with primary care providers and administrators to obtain their views regarding the meaning of routine HIV testing and the barriers and facilitators to implementing routine HIV testing in their respective practices. Results: Most respondents supported routine HIV testing, although their definitions of routine varied. Barriers for providers included time and financial constraints to appropriately conduct HIV counseling and testing and inadequate HIV education and training. Facilitators for implementing routine HIV testing included patients' feelings of empowerment and reduced HIV stigma. Conclusions: The implementation of routine HIV testing in primary care practices appears to be an acceptable public health intervention. Next steps should include efforts to standardize the definition of routine HIV testing and working with primary care settings to better understand and reduce barriers to routine testing. C1 [Simmons, Emma M.] Brown Univ, Dept Family Med, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brown, Monique J.] Brown Univ, Program Publ Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Sly, Kaye] Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS USA. [Ma, Mindy] Nova SE Univ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Sutton, Madeline Y.; McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Simmons, EM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Family Med, 111 Brewster St, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. EM emma_simmons@mhri.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative [U65/CCU124165] FX This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative cooperative agreement U65/CCU124165. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 103 IS 5 BP 432 EP 438 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 784QS UT WOS:000292173900007 PM 21809793 ER PT J AU Donado, C Duperly, J Lobelo, F Ramirez, A Montoya, E Cano, N Avila, A Sarmiento, OL Pratt, M AF Donado, Carolina Duperly, John Lobelo, Felipe Ramirez, Andrea Montoya, Eliana Cano, Natalia Avila, Andrea Sarmiento, Olga L. Pratt, Michael TI Prevalence of Risk Factors for Recreational Race-Associated Cardiovascular Events Among Runners in Bogota City SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Donado, Carolina; Duperly, John; Ramirez, Andrea; Montoya, Eliana; Cano, Natalia; Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Lobelo, Felipe; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Avila, Andrea] Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. EM g-donado@uniandes.edu.co NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1551 BP 345 EP 346 PG 3 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079501307 ER PT J AU Watson, KB Fulton, JE AF Watson, Kathleen B. Fulton, Janet E. TI Physical Activity Patterns among Youth in the United States SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Watson, Kathleen B.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM kwatson@bcm.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1680 BP 391 EP 391 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079501436 ER PT J AU Lobelo, F Donado, C Duperly, J Sarmiento, OL Pratt, M Frank, E AF Lobelo, Felipe Donado, Carolina Duperly, John Sarmiento, Olga L. Pratt, Michael Frank, Erica TI Freshman Medical Students' Health and Fitness Levels Influence Their Attitudes Regarding Future Physical Activity Counseling SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lobelo, Felipe; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Donado, Carolina; Duperly, John; Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Frank, Erica] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM rlobelo@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2107 BP 546 EP 546 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079502219 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Carroll, DD McKinght-Leily, L Allen, KD AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Carroll, Dianna D. McKinght-Leily, Lela Allen, Kelli D. TI Physical Activity and Frequent Sleep Insufficiency Among US Adults with Arthritis SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Carroll, Dianna D.; McKinght-Leily, Lela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allen, Kelli D.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2187 BP 576 EP 576 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079502299 ER PT J AU Boehmer, TK AF Boehmer, Tegan K. TI Summary of CDC Workshop on Physical Activity Guidelines and Air Pollution Exposure SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Boehmer, Tegan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM tboehmer@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2191 BP 577 EP 577 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079502303 ER PT J AU Soares, J Brown, DR Lankford, T Wallace, J Hopkins, D AF Soares, Jesus Brown, David R. Lankford, Tina Wallace, Jana Hopkins, David TI Stand Alone Mass Media Campaigns to Increase Physical Activity: The Community Guide Task Force Conclusion SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Soares, Jesus; Brown, David R.; Lankford, Tina; Wallace, Jana; Hopkins, David] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jsoares@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2529 BP 693 EP 694 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079502630 ER PT J AU Mattran, K Harris, CD Jernigan, J Fulton, JE AF Mattran, Kelly Harris, Carmen D. Jernigan, Jan Fulton, Janet E. TI Evaluating the Awareness, Access, and Use of The State Indicator Report On Physical Activity, 2010 SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mattran, Kelly] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Harris, Carmen D.; Jernigan, Jan; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mattraka@jmu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2594 BP 715 EP 716 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079503063 ER PT J AU Carroll, DD Cunningham, M Carlson, SA Fulton, JE AF Carroll, Dianna D. Cunningham, Melissa Carlson, Susan A. Fulton, Janet E. TI Awareness and Knowledge of the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carroll, Dianna D.; Cunningham, Melissa; Carlson, Susan A.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM feu9@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2607 BP 720 EP 720 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079503076 ER PT J AU Song, M Carroll, DD Fulton, JE AF Song, MinKyoung Carroll, Dianna D. Fulton, Janet E. TI Muscle-strengthening In U.s. Youth: Findings From Nhanes 1999-2006 SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Song, MinKyoung; Carroll, Dianna D.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM MSong@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2610 BP 721 EP 721 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079503079 ER PT J AU Harris, CD Purcell, NC Fulton, JE AF Harris, Carmen D. Purcell, Nora C. Fulton, Janet E. TI Access To Parks In The United States SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harris, Carmen D.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Purcell, Nora C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. EM charris2@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2616 BP 723 EP 723 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079503085 ER PT J AU Aradaib, IE Erickson, BR Karsany, MS Khristova, ML Elageb, RM Mohamed, MEH Nichol, ST AF Aradaib, Imadeldin E. Erickson, Bobbie R. Karsany, Mubarak S. Khristova, Marina L. Elageb, Rehab M. Mohamed, Mohamed E. H. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Multiple Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Strains Are Associated with Disease Outbreaks in Sudan, 2008-2009 SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RNA SEGMENTS; SAUDI-ARABIA; PROVINCE; INFECTION; PAKISTAN AB Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) activity has recently been detected in the Kordufan region of Sudan. Since 2008, several sporadic cases and nosocomial outbreaks associated with high case-fatality have been reported in villages and rural hospitals in the region. Principal Findings: In the present study, we describe a cluster of cases occurring in June 2009 in Dunkop village, Abyei District, South Kordufan, Sudan. Seven CCHF cases were involved in the outbreak; however, clinical specimens could be collected from only two patients, both of whom were confirmed as acute CCHF cases using CCHF-specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis of the complete S, M, and L segment sequences places the Abyei strain of CCHF virus in Group III, a virus group containing strains from various countries across Africa, including Sudan, South Africa, Mauritania, and Nigeria. The Abyei strain detected in 2009 is genetically distinct from the recently described 2008 Sudanese CCHF virus strains (Al-fulah 3 and 4), and the Abyei strain S and L segments closely match those of CCHF virus strain ArD39554 from Mauritania. Conclusions: The present investigation illustrates that multiple CCHF virus lineages are circulating in the Kordufan region of Sudan and are associated with recent outbreaks of the disease occurring during 2008-2009. C1 [Aradaib, Imadeldin E.; Mohamed, Mohamed E. H.] Univ Khartoum, Fac Vet Med, Dept Clin Med, Mol Biol Lab, Khartoum N, Sudan. [Erickson, Bobbie R.; Nichol, Stuart T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Biol Lab, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Karsany, Mubarak S.; Elageb, Rehab M.] Fed Minist Hlth, Natl Med Hlth Lab, Div Virol, Khartoum, Sudan. [Khristova, Marina L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Aradaib, IE (reprint author), Univ Khartoum, Fac Vet Med, Dept Clin Med, Mol Biol Lab, Khartoum N, Sudan. EM snichol@cdc.gov FU University of Khartoum; Sudanese Ministry of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States FX This work was funded by the University of Khartoum, the Sudanese Ministry of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 5 AR e1159 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001159 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 770OZ UT WOS:000291099100030 PM 21655310 ER PT J AU Njai, R Siegel, PZ Miller, JW Liao, YL AF Njai, Rashid Siegel, Paul Z. Miller, Jacqueline W. Liao, Youlian TI Misclassification of Survey Responses and Black-White Disparity in Mammography Use, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1995-2006 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SELF-REPORTED MAMMOGRAPHY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; BREAST-CANCER; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; PAP-SMEAR; POPULATION; INCOME; ACCURACY; VALIDITY; STAGE AB Introduction The validity of self-reported data for mammography differ by race. We assessed the effect of racial differences in the validity of age-adjusted, self-reported mammography use estimates from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 1995 through 2006 to determine whether misclassification (inaccurate survey question response) may have obscured actual racial disparities. Methods We adjusted BRFSS mammography use data for age by using 2000 census estimates and for misclassification by using the following formula: (estimated prevalence - 1 + specificity) / (sensitivity + specificity - 1). We used values reported in the literature for the formula (sensitivity = 0.97 for both black and white women, specificity = 0.49 and 0.62, respectively, for black and white women). Results After adjustment for misclassification, the percentage of women aged 40 years or older in 1995 who reported receiving a mammogram during the previous 2 years was 54% among white women and 41% among black women, compared with 70% among both white and black women after adjustment for age only. In 2006, the percentage after adjustment for misclassification was 65% among white women and 59% among black women compared with 77% among white women and 78% among black women after adjustment for age only. Conclusion Self-reported data overestimate mammography use - more so for black women than for white women. After adjustment for respondent misclassification, neither white women nor black women had attained the Healthy People 2010 objective (>= 70%) by 2006, and a disparity between white and black women emerged. C1 [Njai, Rashid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Hlth & Program Serv Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Njai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Hlth & Program Serv Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-30, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RNjai@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 AR A59 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OR UT WOS:000298968400010 PM 21477499 ER PT J AU Mainzer, HM Morrett, DB AF Mainzer, Hugh M. Morrett, Daphne B. TI INTRODUCTION TO HEALTHY PEOPLE IN A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mainzer, Hugh M.; Morrett, Daphne B.] US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Mainzer, Hugh M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morrett, Daphne B.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Assessment & Consultat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mainzer, HM (reprint author), US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700001 PM 21563705 ER PT J AU Somers, TS Harvey, ML Rusnak, SM AF Somers, Tarah S. Harvey, Margaret L. Rusnak, Sharee Major TI Making Child Care Centers SAFER: A Non-Regulatory Approach to Improving Child Care Center Siting SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Licensed child care centers are generally considered to be safe because they are required to meet state licensing regulations. As part of their licensing requirements, many states inspect child care centers and include an assessment of the health and safety of the facility to look for hazardous conditions or practices that may harm children. However, most states do not require an environmental assessment of the child care center building or land to prevent a center from being placed on, next to, or inside contaminated buildings. Having worked on several sites where child care centers were affected by environmental contaminants, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) endeavor to raise awareness of this issue. One of ATSDR's partner states, Connecticut, took a proactive, non-regulatory approach to the issue with the development its Child Day Care Screening Assessment for Environmental Risk Program. C1 [Somers, Tarah S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry Reg 1, Boston, MA 02109 USA. [Harvey, Margaret L.; Rusnak, Sharee Major] Environm & Occupat Hlth Assessment Program, Environm Hlth Sect, Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. RP Somers, TS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry Reg 1, 5 Post Off Sq,Ste 1010,Mail Code ATSDR10-1, Boston, MA 02109 USA. EM TVS4@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 SU 1 BP 34 EP 40 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AK UT WOS:000289659700006 PM 21563710 ER PT J AU Speers, S Klevens, RM Vonderwahl, C Bryant, T Daniloff, E Capizzi, J Poissant, T Roome, A AF Speers, Suzanne Klevens, R. Monina Vonderwahl, Candace Bryant, Terry Daniloff, Elaine Capizzi, Jeff Poissant, Tasha Roome, Aaron TI Electronic Matching of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C Surveillance Registries in Three States SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; HIV; PREVALENCE; HISTORY; MEN; SEX AB Objectives. Both HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be transmitted through percutaneous exposure to blood in similar high-risk populations. HCV and HIV/AIDS surveillance databases were matched in Colorado, Connecticut, and Oregon to measure the frequency of co-infection and to characterize co-infected people. Methods. We defined a case of HCV infection as a person with a reactive antibody for hepatitis C, medical diagnosis, positive viral-load test result, or positive genotype reported to any of three state health departments from the start of each state's hepatitis C registry through June 30, 2008. We defined a case of HIV/AIDS as a person diagnosed and living with HIV/AIDS at the start of each state's respective hepatitis C registry through June 30, 2008. HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C datasets were matched using Link King, public domain record linkage and consolidation software, and all potential matches were manually reviewed before acceptance as a match. Results. The proportion of reported hepatitis C cases co-infected with HIV/AIDS was 1.8% in Oregon, 1.9% in Colorado, and 4.9% in Connecticut. Conversely, the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases co-infected with hepatitis C was consistently higher in the three states: 4.4% in Oregon, 9.7% in Colorado, and 23.6% in Connecticut. Conclusions. Electronic matching of registries is a potentially useful and efficient way to transfer information from one registry to another. In addition, it can provide a measure of the public health burden of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C co-infection and provide insight into prevention and medical care needs for respective states. C1 [Speers, Suzanne; Roome, Aaron] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, HIV AIDS & Hepatitis Surveillance Program, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Klevens, R. Monina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vonderwahl, Candace; Bryant, Terry; Daniloff, Elaine] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol Div, Denver, CO USA. [Capizzi, Jeff] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, HIV STD TB Program, Portland, OR USA. RP Speers, S (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, HIV AIDS & Hepatitis Surveillance Program, 410 Capitol Ave,MS 11ASV,POB 340308, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. EM Suzanne.speers@ct.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Emerging Infections Program FX Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome surveillance is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under an HIV/AIDS Surveillance cooperative agreement. Hepatitis C virus surveillance is funded under a cooperative agreement through CDC's Emerging Infections Program. The matching project was a supplemental project funded by the Emerging Infections Program hepatitis surveillance cooperative agreement. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 126 IS 3 BP 344 EP 348 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 752AJ UT WOS:000289659600007 PM 21553662 ER PT J AU Hogben, M Hood, J AF Hogben, Matthew Hood, Julia TI Acquired Skills in Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention: Partner Services and Tailoring Interventions to Populations SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERNET; INFECTIONS; RISK; HIV; SEX; NOTIFICATION; ATTITUDES; MEN; STD C1 [Hogben, Matthew; Hood, Julia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hogben, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mail Stop E-44,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhogben@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 365 EP 366 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182195fe7 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 749LN UT WOS:000289468500002 PM 22256339 ER PT J AU Janusz, KB Lehman, JA Panella, AJ Fischer, M Staples, E AF Janusz, Kristen B. Lehman, Jennifer A. Panella, Amanda J. Fischer, Marc Staples, Erin TI Laboratory Testing Practices for West Nile Virus in the United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ELISA; IgM; Laboratories; United States; West Nile virus AB We surveyed state public health and commercial diagnostic reference laboratories regarding current testing practices for West Nile virus (WNV). The majority of WNV testing is now performed in commercial diagnostic reference laboratories using commercially available Food and Drug Administration-cleared kits labeled for the presumptive diagnosis of WNV. However, only 25% of surveyed state public health or commercial diagnostic reference laboratories currently have the capacity to perform the recommended confirmatory testing. These findings indicate the need for both manufacturers and laboratories to monitor the performance of these WNV test kits. Further, clinicians should be aware of the limitations of these kits and the need for additional testing to confirm a diagnosis of WNV disease. C1 [Janusz, Kristen B.; Lehman, Jennifer A.; Panella, Amanda J.; Fischer, Marc; Staples, Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Staples, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM estaples@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 597 EP 599 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0058 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 765OD UT WOS:000290717000020 PM 20849276 ER PT J AU Basavaraju, SV Pitman, JP Marum, LH Zeh, C Shiraishi, RW Mwangi, J Nyamongo, J AF Basavaraju, S. V. Pitman, J. P. Marum, L. H. Zeh, C. Shiraishi, R. W. Mwangi, J. Nyamongo, J. TI Author response to: letter to the editor HIV safety in sub-Saharan Africa (vol 100, pg 436, 2011) SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Correction C1 [Basavaraju, S. V.; Pitman, J. P.; Marum, L. H.; Shiraishi, R. W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zeh, C.; Mwangi, J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Basavaraju, SV (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM etu7@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0042-9007 EI 1423-0410 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 100 IS 4 BP 440 EP 440 DI 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01460.x PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 750EX UT WOS:000289529000017 ER PT J AU Schoenborn, CA Stommel, M AF Schoenborn, Charlotte A. Stommel, Manfred TI Adherence to the 2008 Adult Physical Activity Guidelines and Mortality Risk SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OF-SPORTS-MEDICINE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; RECOMMENDATION; DISEASE; UNDERWEIGHT; INTENSITY; LIFE AB Background: Mortality differentials by level and intensity of physical activity have been widely documented. A comprehensive review of scientific evidence of the health benefits of physical activity led the USDHHS to issue new Federal Guidelines for physical activity in 2008. Reductions in mortality risk associated with adherence to these Guidelines among the general U. S. adult population have not yet been studied. Purpose: This study compared the relative mortality risks of U. S. adults who met the 2008 Guidelines with adults who did not meet the recommendations. Methods: Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the relative mortality risks of U. S. adults aged >= 18 years, using data from the 1997-2004 National Health Interview Survey and linked mortality records for deaths occurring in 1997-2006 (analyzed in 2010). Risks for adults with and without chronic health conditions were examined separately. Results: Meeting the recommendations for aerobic activity was associated with substantial survival benefits, especially among the population having chronic conditions, with estimated hazard ratios ranging from 0.65 to 0.75 (p < 0.05). While strengthening activities by themselves did not appear to reduce mortality risks, they may provide added survival benefits to those already engaged in aerobic activities. The relative benefits of physical activity were greatest among adults who had at least one chronic condition. Conclusions: Adherence to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines was associated with reduced all-cause mortality risks among U. S. adults, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, smoking, and alcohol use. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(5): 514-521) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Schoenborn, Charlotte A.] CDC, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Stommel, Manfred] Michigan State Univ, Coll Nursing, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Schoenborn, CA (reprint author), CDC, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 2331, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cas6@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 5 BP 514 EP 521 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.029 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 749YC UT WOS:000289506900006 PM 21496750 ER PT J AU Kempe, A Daley, MF McCauley, MM Crane, LA Suh, CA Kennedy, AM Basket, MM Stokley, SK Dong, F Babbel, CI Seewald, LA Dickinson, LM AF Kempe, Allison Daley, Matthew F. McCauley, Mary M. Crane, Lori A. Suh, Christina A. Kennedy, Allison M. Basket, Michelle M. Stokley, Shannon K. Dong, Fran Babbel, Christine I. Seewald, Laura A. Dickinson, L. Miriam TI Prevalence of Parental Concerns About Childhood Vaccines The Experience of Primary Care Physicians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AREA VACCINATION COVERAGE; AGED 19-35 MONTHS; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY CONCERNS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; RISK/BENEFIT COMMUNICATION; PREVENTIVE CARE; IMMUNIZATION; CHILDREN; MEASLES AB Background: Little is known about the effects of increased parental vaccine safety concerns on physicians' vaccine communication attitudes and practices. Purpose: To assess among pediatricians and family medicine (FM) physicians: (1) prevalence of parental requests to deviate from recommended vaccine schedules; (2) responses to such requests; and (3) attitudes about the burden and success of vaccine communications with parents. Methods: Survey of nationally representative samples of pediatricians and FM physicians (N = 696) conducted during February to May 2009 with analysis in 2010. Results: Response rates were 88% for pediatricians and 78% for FM physicians. Overall, 8% of physicians reported that >= 10% of parents refused a vaccine and 20% reported that >= 10% of parents requested to spread out vaccines in a typical month. More pediatricians than FM physicians reported always/often requiring parents to sign a form if they refused vaccination (53% vs 31%, p < 0.0001); 64% of all physicians would agree to spread out vaccines in the primary series at least sometimes. When talking with parents with substantial concerns, 53% of physicians reported spending 10-19 minutes and 8% spending >= 20 minutes. Pediatricians were more likely than FM physicians to report their job less satisfying because of parental vaccine concerns(46% vs 21%, p < 0.0001). Messages most commonly reported as "very effective" were personal statements such as what they would do for their own children. Conclusions: The burden of communicating with parents about vaccines is high, especially among pediatricians. Physicians report the greatest success convincing skeptical parents using messages that rely on their personal choices and experiences. (Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(5): 548 -555) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Kempe, Allison; Daley, Matthew F.; Suh, Christina A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Crane, Lori A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Daley, Matthew F.; Dong, Fran] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Denver, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Daley, Matthew F.; Crane, Lori A.; Suh, Christina A.; Dong, Fran; Babbel, Christine I.; Seewald, Laura A.; Dickinson, L. Miriam] Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [McCauley, Mary M.; Kennedy, Allison M.; Basket, Michelle M.; Stokley, Shannon K.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kempe, A (reprint author), 1056 E 19th Ave,B032, Denver, CO 80218 USA. EM Kempe.allison@tchden.org FU CDC PEP through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington DC [MM-1040-08/08] FX This investigation was funded by a grant from the CDC PEP (MM-1040-08/08) through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington DC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or the USDHHS. NR 33 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 8 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 5 BP 548 EP 555 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.025 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 749YC UT WOS:000289506900010 PM 21496754 ER PT J AU Boland, JM Vaszar, LT Jones, JL Mathison, BA Rovzar, MA Colby, TV Leslie, KO Tazelaar, HD AF Boland, Jennifer M. Vaszar, Laszlo T. Jones, Jeffrey L. Mathison, Blaine A. Rovzar, Michael A. Colby, Thomas V. Leslie, Kevin O. Tazelaar, Henry D. TI Pleuropulmonary Infection by Paragonimus westermani in the United States: A Rare Cause of Eosinophilic Pneumonia After Ingestion of Live Crabs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Paragonimus; P. westermani; paragonimiasis; pleuropulmonary parasitic infection ID NORTH-AMERICAN PARAGONIMIASIS; PULMONARY PARAGONIMIASIS; REFUGEE; KELLICOTTI; DIAGNOSIS; CRAYFISH; RAW AB Infections caused by the parasite Paragonimus westermani are endemic to Southeast Asia. Most infections reported in the United States are among immigrants who acquired the disease abroad. Due to the nonspecific nature of its presentation and rarity in the United States, the diagnosis may first be suggested by the pathologist on biopsy review. Definitive diagnosis may need serologic testing for confirmation. We report 4 cases of pleuropulmonary disease caused by United States-acquired P. westermani, which were identified in the consultation files of the authors. Patients (3 men and 1 woman; aged, 20 to 66 y) presented with pulmonary complaints and chest imaging abnormalities including cavitary infiltrates (2), lung mass (1), pleural effusion (1), and pneumothorax (1). Biopsies showed chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and organizing pneumonia in all cases. Other pathologic findings included granulomatous inflammation with geographic necrosis (3), vasculitis (3), and pleuritis (3). Paragonimus organisms and/or eggs were identified in 2 cases. Serologic studies were positive for P. westermani in 3 cases (2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and 1 immunoblot). Three patients ate live crabs at sushi bars (including crabs in martinis, a previously unreported mechanism for infection). In 1 patient, the source of infection was uncertain. Paragonimiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with eosinophilic pleuropulmonary disease in the United States. Although eosinophilic pneumonia was a consistent finding, the biopsies may be nonspecific as the organisms and/or eggs are not always visualized. Unusual features include marked pleuritis, foci of geographic necrosis and granulomatous vasculitis. A history of ingestion and targeted serologies are the keys to diagnosis. C1 [Boland, Jennifer M.] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Vaszar, Laszlo T.; Colby, Thomas V.; Leslie, Kevin O.; Tazelaar, Henry D.] Mayo Clin, Scottsdale, AZ USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.; Mathison, Blaine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rovzar, Michael A.] Mission Reg Med Ctr, Mission Viejo, CA USA. RP Boland, JM (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM boland.jennifer@mayo.edu NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0147-5185 J9 AM J SURG PATHOL JI Am. J. Surg. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 707 EP 713 DI 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318211acd9 PG 7 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA 749XZ UT WOS:000289506600011 PM 21415702 ER EF