FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Turner, GDH Bunthi, C Wonodi, CB Morpeth, SC Molyneux, CS Zaki, SR Levine, OS Murdoch, DR Scott, JAG AF Turner, Gareth D. H. Bunthi, Charatdao Wonodi, Chizoba B. Morpeth, Susan C. Molyneux, Catherine S. Zaki, Sherif R. Levine, Orin S. Murdoch, David R. Scott, J. Anthony G. TI The Role of Postmortem Studies in Pneumonia Etiology Research SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A H1N1; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; AFRICAN CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH CHINA; AUTOPSY; DIAGNOSIS; TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION AB The diagnosis of etiology in severe pneumonia remains a challenging area. Postmortem lung tissue potentially increases the sensitivity of investigations for identification of causative pathogens in fatal cases of pneumonia and can confirm antemortem microbiological diagnoses. Tissue sampling allows assessment of histological patterns of disease and ancillary immunohistochemical or molecular diagnostic techniques. It may also enhance the recognition of noninfectious conditions that clinically simulate acute pneumonia. Biobanking of lung tissue or postmortem culture isolates offers opportunities for new pathogen discovery and research into host-pathogen interactions. The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health study proposes a percutaneous needle biopsy approach to obtain postmortem samples, rather than a full open autopsy. This has the advantage of greater acceptability to relatives, but risks greater sampling error. Both approaches may be susceptible to microbiological contamination or pathogen degradation. However, previous autopsy studies have confirmed the value of histological examination in revealing unsuspected pathogens and influencing clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of future pneumonia cases. C1 [Turner, Gareth D. H.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Res Unit, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Turner, Gareth D. H.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Trop Pathol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Bunthi, Charatdao] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Wonodi, Chizoba B.; Levine, Orin S.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, PERCH Study Grp, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Morpeth, Susan C.; Molyneux, Catherine S.; Scott, J. Anthony G.] KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. [Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murdoch, David R.] Univ Otago, Dept Pathol, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Murdoch, David R.] Canterbury Hlth Labs, Microbiol Unit, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Turner, Gareth D. H.; Morpeth, Susan C.; Scott, J. Anthony G.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. RP Turner, GDH (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Res Unit, 3rd Fl,60th Anniversary Chalermprakiat Bldg,420-6, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM gareth@tropmedres.ac FU The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [48968]; Wellcome Trust of Great Britain [081835]; PERCH; John's Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; International Emerging Infections Diseases Program; Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Collaboration; CDC, Atlanta FX This work was supported by grant 48968 from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. GDHT and CSM are funded by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain. CBW, OSL and DRM are partly funded through the PERCH study and CBW and OSL through the John's Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. SCM is funded by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. CB is supported through the International Emerging Infections Diseases Program, and the Thailand Ministry of Public Health (MOPH)-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Collaboration. SRZ is supported through the CDC, Atlanta. JAGS is supported by a Senior Research Fellowship from The Wellcome Trust of Great Britain (No. 081835). This paper is published with the permission of the Director, KEMRI, Kenya. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 2 BP S165 EP S171 DI 10.1093/cid/cir1062 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 905TD UT WOS:000301296500013 PM 22403232 ER PT J AU Wonodi, CB Deloria-Knoll, M Feikin, DR DeLuca, AN Driscoll, AJ Moisi, JC Johnson, HL Murdoch, DR O'Brien, KL Levine, OS Scott, JAG AF Wonodi, Chizoba B. Deloria-Knoll, Maria Feikin, Daniel R. DeLuca, Andrea N. Driscoll, Amanda J. Moisi, Jennifer C. Johnson, Hope L. Murdoch, David R. O'Brien, Katherine L. Levine, Orin S. Scott, J. Anthony G. CA Pneumonia Methods Working Grp PERCH Site Investigators TI Evaluation of Risk Factors for Severe Pneumonia in Children: The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health Study SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; INDOOR AIR-POLLUTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DISEASE; MALNUTRITION; METAANALYSIS; BURDEN; AGE AB As a case-control study of etiology, the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) project also provides an opportunity to assess the risk factors for severe pneumonia in hospitalized children at 7 sites. We identified relevant risk factors by literature review and iterative expert consultation. Decisions for inclusion in PERCH were based on comparability to published data, analytic plans, data collection costs and logistic feasibility, including interviewer time and subject fatigue. We aimed to standardize questions at all sites, but significant variation in the economic, cultural, and geographic characteristics of sites made it difficult to obtain this objective. Despite these challenges, the depth of the evaluation of multiple risk factors across the breadth of the PERCH sites should furnish new and valuable information about the major risk factors for childhood severe and very severe pneumonia, including risk factors for pneumonia caused by specific etiologies, in developing countries. C1 [Wonodi, Chizoba B.; Deloria-Knoll, Maria; Feikin, Daniel R.; DeLuca, Andrea N.; Driscoll, Amanda J.; Moisi, Jennifer C.; Johnson, Hope L.; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Levine, Orin S.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, IVAC, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Moisi, Jennifer C.; Scott, J. Anthony G.] Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kilifi, Kenya. [Moisi, Jennifer C.; Scott, J. Anthony G.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murdoch, David R.] Univ Otago, Dept Pathol, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Murdoch, David R.] Canterbury Hlth Labs, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Wonodi, CB (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, IVAC, 855 N Wolfe St,Suite 600, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cwonodi@jhsph.edu RI kotloff, karen/E-7768-2012 OI kotloff, karen/0000-0003-1808-6431 FU The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [48968]; The Wellcome Trust of Great Britain [081835]; The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX This work was supported by grant 48968 from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. J. A. G. S. is supported by a clinical fellowship from The Wellcome Trust of Great Britain (number 081835).; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health,'' sponsored by a grant from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the PERCH Project of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 2 BP S124 EP S131 DI 10.1093/cid/cir1067 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 905TD UT WOS:000301296500007 PM 22403226 ER PT J AU Murray, EL Brondi, L Kleinbaum, D McGowan, JE Van Mels, C Brooks, WA Goswami, D Ryan, PB Klein, M Bridges, CB AF Murray, E. L. Brondi, L. Kleinbaum, D. McGowan, J. E. Van Mels, C. Brooks, W. A. Goswami, D. Ryan, P. B. Klein, M. Bridges, C. B. TI Cooking fuel type, household ventilation, and the risk of acute lower respiratory illness in urban Bangladeshi children: a longitudinal study SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Acute lower respiratory infections; Cooking fuel; Ventilation; Children; Bangladesh; Longitudinal study ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; AIR-POLLUTION; CASE-MANAGEMENT; INFECTIONS; PNEUMONIA; DISEASES; INFANTS; INDIA AB Acute lower respiratory illnesses (ALRI) are the leading cause of death among children <5 years. Studies have found that biomass cooking fuels are an important risk factor for ALRI. However, few studies have evaluated the influence of natural household ventilation indicators on ALRI. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between cooking fuel, natural household ventilation, and ALRI. During October 17, 2004-September 30, 2005, children <5 years living in a low-income neighborhood of Dhaka, Bangladesh, were assessed weekly for ALRI and surveyed quarterly about biomass fuel use, electric fan ownership, and natural household ventilation (windows, ventilation grates, and presence of a gap between the wall and ceiling). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations. Six thousand and seventy-nine children <5 years enrolled during the study period (99% participation) experienced 1291 ALRI. In the multivariate model, >= 2 windows [OR = 0.75, 95% CI = (0.58, 0.96)], ventilation grates [OR = 0.80, 95% CI = (0.65, 0.98)], and not owning an electric fan [OR = 1.50, 95% CI = (1.21, 1.88)] were associated with ALRI; gap presence and using biomass fuels were not associated with ALRI. Structural factors that might improve household air circulation and exchange were associated with decreased ALRI risk. Improved natural ventilation might reduce ALRI among children in low-income families. C1 [Murray, E. L.; Kleinbaum, D.; McGowan, J. E.; Klein, M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brondi, L.; Van Mels, C.; Brooks, W. A.; Goswami, D.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Ryan, P. B.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bridges, C. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Murray, EL (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM emurray@alum.emory.edu RI mcgowan jr, john/G-5404-2011 FU National Vaccine Program Office; US Department of Health and Human Services; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists; Emory University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; Rollins School of Public Health Global Field Experience; Anoopa Sharma Awards FX We would like to thank the staff at the Kamalapur field site and at ICDDR,B for their hard work collecting and entering the data used in this study. This study was supported by the National Vaccine Program Office, US Department of Health and Human Services, Achievement Rewards for College Scientists, Emory University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Fund for Internationalization, and Rollins School of Public Health Global Field Experience and Anoopa Sharma Awards. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 132 EP 139 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00754.x PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 904UL UT WOS:000301223300005 PM 22007670 ER PT J AU Serdarevic, F Jones, RC Weaver, KN Black, SR Ritger, KA Guichard, F Dombroski, P Emanuel, BP Miller, L Gerber, SI AF Serdarevic, F. Jones, R. C. Weaver, K. N. Black, S. R. Ritger, K. A. Guichard, F. Dombroski, P. Emanuel, B. P. Miller, L. Gerber, S. I. TI Multi-pathogen waterborne disease outbreak associated with a dinner cruise on Lake Michigan SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Outbreaks; water-borne infections ID SHIPS AB We report an outbreak associated with a dinner cruise on Lake Michigan. This took place on the same day as heavy rainfall, which resulted in 42.4 billion liters of rainwater and storm runoff containing highly diluted sewage being released into the lake. Of 72 cruise participants, 41 (57%) reported gastroenteritis. Stool specimens were positive for Shigella sonnei (n=3), Giardia (n=3), and Cryptosporidium (n=2). Ice consumption was associated with illness (risk ratio 2.2, P=0.011). S. sonnei was isolated from a swab obtained from the one of the boat's ice bins. Environmental inspection revealed conditions and equipment that could have contributed to lake water contaminating the hose used to load potable water onto the boat. Knowledge of water holding and distribution systems on boats, and of potential risks associated with flooding and the release of diluted sewage into large bodies of water, is crucial for public health guidance regarding recreational cruises. C1 [Gerber, S. I.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Program, Oak Forest, IL 60452 USA. [Serdarevic, F.; Jones, R. C.; Weaver, K. N.; Black, S. R.; Ritger, K. A.; Miller, L.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Program, Chicago, IL USA. [Serdarevic, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guichard, F.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Food Protect Div, Chicago, IL USA. [Dombroski, P.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Div Labs, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Emanuel, B. P.] US FDA, Consumer Safety Div, Chicago, IL USA. RP Gerber, SI (reprint author), Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Program, 15900 S Cicero Ave,Bldg E-3rd Fl, Oak Forest, IL 60452 USA. EM sgerber@ccdph.net NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 2012 VL 140 IS 4 BP 621 EP 625 DI 10.1017/S0950268811000896 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 899OE UT WOS:000300824800008 PM 21676362 ER PT J AU Williams, I Valderrama, AL Bolton, P Greek, A Greer, S Patterson, DG Zhang, ZF AF Williams, Ishmael Valderrama, Amy L. Bolton, Patricia Greek, April Greer, Sophia Patterson, Davis G. Zhang, Zefeng TI FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES SCOPE OF PRACTICE FOR ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE emergency medical services; scope of practice; stroke; heart attack ID ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; TIME; MANAGEMENT; PARAMEDICS; STROKE; ECG AB Objectives. To examine prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) scope of practice for acute cardiovascular events and characteristics that may affect scope of practice; and to describe variations in EMS scope of practice for these events and the characteristics associated with that variability. Methods. In 2008, we conducted a telephone survey of 1,939 eligible EMS providers in nine states to measure EMS agency characteristics, medical director involvement, and 18 interventions authorized for prehospital care of acute cardiovascular events by three levels of emergency medical technician (EMT) personnel. Results. A total of 1,292 providers responded to the survey, for a response rate of 67%. EMS scope of practice interventions varied by EMT personnel level, with the proportion of authorized interventions increasing as expected from EMT-Basic to EMT-Paramedic. Seven of eight statistically significant associations indicated that EMS agencies in urban settings were less likely to authorize interventions (odds ratios <0.7) for any level of EMS personnel. Based on the subset of six statistically significant associations, fire department-based EMS agencies were two to three times more likely to authorize interventions for EMT-Intermediate personnel. Volunteer EMS agencies were more than twice as likely as nonvolunteer agencies to authorize interventions for EMT-Basic and EMT-Intermediate personnel but were less likely to authorize any one of the 11 interventions for EMT-Paramedics. Greater medical director involvement was associated with greater likelihood of authorization of seven of the 18 interventions for EMT-Basic and EMT-Paramedic personnel but had no association with EMT-Intermediate personnel. Conclusions. We noted statistically significant variations in scope of practice by rural vs. urban setting, medical director involvement, and type of EMS service (fire department-based/non-fire department-based; volunteer/paid). These variations highlight local differences in the composition and capacity of EMS providers and offer important information for the transition towards the implementation of a national scope of practice model. C1 [Williams, Ishmael; Valderrama, Amy L.; Greer, Sophia; Zhang, Zefeng] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bolton, Patricia; Greek, April] Seattle Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Patterson, Davis G.] Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, WWAMI Rural Hlth Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Williams, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iwilliams2@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1090-3127 EI 1545-0066 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD APR-JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 189 EP 197 DI 10.3109/10903127.2011.615008 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 899BU UT WOS:000300788700001 PM 21950495 ER PT J AU Faul, M Wald, MM Sullivent, EE Sasser, SM Kapil, V Lerner, EB Hunt, RC AF Faul, Mark Wald, Marlena M. Sullivent, Ernest E. Sasser, Scott M. Kapil, Vikas Lerner, E. Brooke Hunt, Richard C. TI LARGE COST SAVINGS REALIZED FROM THE 2006 FIELD TRIAGE GUIDELINE: REDUCTION IN OVERTRIAGE IN U.S. TRAUMA CENTERS SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE triage; cost; guideline; trauma center; field triage ID NATIONAL EVALUATION; INCREASED MORTALITY; CENTER CARE; CRITERIA; SYSTEM AB Background. Ambulance transport of injured patients to the most appropriate medical care facility is an important decision. Trauma centers are designed and staffed to treat severely injured patients and are increasingly burdened by cases involving less-serious injury. Yet, a cost evaluation of the Field Triage national guideline has never been performed. Objectives. To examine the potential cost savings associated with overtriage for the 1999 and 2006 versions of the Field Triage Guideline. Methods. Data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Trauma Databank (NTDB) produced estimates of injury-related ambulatory transports and exposure to the Field Triage guideline. Case costs were approximated using a cost distribution curve of all cases found in the NTDB. A two-way sensitivity analysis was also used to determine the impact of data uncertainty on medical costs and the reduction in trauma center visits (12%) after implementation of the 2006 Field Triage guideline compared with the 1999 Field Triage guideline. Results. At a 40% overtriage rate, the average case cost was $16,434. The cost average of 44.2% reduction in case costs if patients were treated in a non-trauma center compared with a trauma center was found in the literature. Implementation of the 2006 Field Triage guideline produced a $7,264 cost savings per case, or an estimated annual national savings of $568,000,000. Conclusion. Application of the 2006 Field Triage guideline helps emergency medical services personnel manage overtriage in trauma centers, which could result in a significant national cost savings. C1 [Faul, Mark; Wald, Marlena M.; Sullivent, Ernest E.; Hunt, Richard C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kapil, Vikas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sasser, Scott M.] Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lerner, E. Brooke] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Emergency Med, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Faul, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Div Injury Response, 4770 Buford Highway,7 Break, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mfaul@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1090-3127 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD APR-JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 222 EP 229 DI 10.3109/10903127.2011.615013 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 899BU UT WOS:000300788700006 PM 22008012 ER PT J AU Smith, J Sammons, D Toennis, C Butler, MA Blachere, F Beezhold, D AF Smith, Jerome Sammons, Deborah Toennis, Christine Butler, Mary Ann Blachere, Francoise Beezhold, Donald TI Semi-quantitative analysis of influenza samples using the Luminex xTAG (R) respiratory viral panel kit SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE Influenza virus; polymerase chain reaction; semi-quantitative multiplex measurement ID VIRUS PANEL AB The Luminex xTAG (R) respiratory viral panel (RVP) kit simultaneously detects and identifies multiple respiratory viruses including several subtypes of influenza A using a multiplex nucleic acid amplification test assay platform. The emitted fluorescence signal from the RVP assay provides qualitative information on the presence of a particular viral species in respiratory specimens. However, a quantitative assessment is preferred when monitoring environmental samples for respiratory viruses. In this study, we explored the potential use of the RVP kit as a semi-quantitative screening assay for influenza virus detection. The concentration-response of the RVP assay was modeled using four-parameter logistic (4-PL) fits of mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) versus dilute ranges of the influenza A matrix gene, seasonal influenza vaccine, and 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine. The goodness of fit of the 4-PL model was evaluated by comparing the copy number determined with the fitted model (observed copy number) with the copy number calculated from the dilution of the matrix DNA or vaccine (expected copy number). For the matrix DNA and 2009 H1N1 vaccine, the 4-PL model provided good fit for the influenza A RVP assay response over factors of 10(3) to 10(4). For seasonal influenza vaccine, the model provided good fit for RVP assay response to influenza A, influenza B, H1, and H3. C1 [Smith, Jerome] NIOSH, Biomonitoring Res Team, Biomonitoring & Hlth Assessment Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Blachere, Francoise; Beezhold, Donald] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Smith, J (reprint author), NIOSH, Biomonitoring Res Team, Biomonitoring & Hlth Assessment Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jps3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1537-6516 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 BP 211 EP 217 DI 10.3109/15376516.2011.610387 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 891ZD UT WOS:000300254700006 PM 22112187 ER PT J AU Houghton, A Prudent, N Scott, JE Wade, R Luber, G AF Houghton, Adele Prudent, Natasha Scott, James E., III Wade, Richard Luber, George TI Climate change-related vulnerabilities and local environmental public health tracking through GEMSS: A web-based visualization tool SO APPLIED GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Health tracking; Decision support tool; Climate action policy; Visualization ID 2003 HEAT-WAVE; HURRICANE KATRINA; TEMPERATURE; LOUISIANA; MORTALITY; CHICAGO; EVENTS; RISK AB Climate change will impact health through a variety of pathways - both direct and indirect. Identifying the specific link between climate-related hazards and vulnerability will require the integration of socio-environmental, meteorological, and health data. An enhanced monitoring and tracking system is critical for public health efforts to identify and reach populations vulnerable to climate-related hazards, mobilize resources, and inform local climate action policy to reduce climate-related health risks. In this paper we present a novel application of a geospatial tool that integrates multiple data sources, allowing for the streamlined visualization of environmental risk, socio-economic and demographic vulnerability, baseline mortality, and policy intervention measures. GEMSS (Geospatial Emergency Management Support System) is a browser-based application that is designed to assemble geospatial information from multiple local or remote sources in a common operating environment, allowing for multi-data visualization. Using vulnerability to extreme heat and heavy rainfall-induced flooding as climate impacts on health, we tested GEMSS's capability as a multi-data platform to visually analyze spatial patterns of climate change environmental public health indicators at the local level. The selected indicators relied on socio-environmental and demographic vulnerability, health, policy, and weather data. The GEMSS system has the potential to support multiple goals including: a) the ongoing monitoring and assessment of climate-related vulnerability through visualization; b) providing policymakers with an open-source tool for understanding how vulnerable populations and the environment could be impacted by proposed climate action policies; c) tracking the ongoing status of climate change policies in reducing socio-environmental vulnerability; d) raising awareness among the general public about the links between climate change and public health; and, e) providing a basis for epidemiologic research (i.e., identifying gaps between climate and human vulnerability leading to hypotheses and hypotheses-testing). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Houghton, Adele] Biositu LLC, Houston, TX 77019 USA. [Prudent, Natasha; Luber, George] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Climate Change Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Scott, James E., III; Wade, Richard] Texas Nat Resources Informat Syst, Austin, TX 78701 USA. RP Houghton, A (reprint author), Biositu LLC, 4019 Inverness Dr, Houston, TX 77019 USA. EM adeleh@biositu.com; nprudent@cdc.gov; jim.Scott@twdb.state.tx.us; Richard.Wade@twdb.state.tx.us; gluber@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-6228 J9 APPL GEOGR JI Appl. Geogr. PD APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 1 SI SI BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.07.014 PG 9 WC Geography SC Geography GA 872AE UT WOS:000298778000005 ER PT J AU Sarwar, N Butterworth, AS Freitag, DF Gregson, J Willeit, P Gorman, DN Gao, P Saleheen, D Rendon, A Nelson, CP Braund, PS Hall, AS Chasman, DI Tybjaerg-Hansen, A Chambers, JC Benjamin, EJ Franks, PW Clarke, R Wilde, AAM Trip, MD Steri, M Witteman, JCM Qi, L van der Schoot, CE de Faire, U Erdmann, J Stringham, HM Koenig, W Rader, DJ Melzer, D Reich, D Psaty, BM Kleber, ME Panagiotakos, DB Willeit, J Wennberg, P Woodward, M Adamovic, S Rimm, EB Meade, TW Gillum, RF Shaffer, JA Hofman, A Onat, A Sundstrom, J Wassertheil-Smoller, S Mellstrom, D Gallacher, J Cushman, M Tracy, RP Kauhanen, J Karlsson, M Salonen, JT Wilhelmsen, L Amouyel, P Cantin, B Best, LG Ben-Shlomo, Y Manson, JE Davey-Smith, G de Bakker, PIW O'Donnell, CJ Wilson, JF Wilson, AG Assimes, TL Jansson, JO Ohlsson, C Tivesten, A Ljunggren, O Reilly, MP Hamsten, A Ingelsson, E Cambien, F Hung, J Thomas, GN Boehnke, M Schunkert, H Asselbergs, FW Kastelein, JJP Gudnason, V Salomaa, V Harris, TB Kooner, JS Allin, KH Nordestgaard, BG Hopewell, JC Goodall, AH Ridker, PM Holm, H Watkins, H Ouwehand, WH Samani, NJ Kaptoge, S Di Angelantonio, E Harari, O Danesh, J AF Sarwar, Nadeem Butterworth, Adam S. Freitag, Daniel F. Gregson, John Willeit, Peter Gorman, Donal N. Gao, Pei Saleheen, Danish Rendon, Augusto Nelson, Christopher P. Braund, Peter S. Hall, Alistair S. Chasman, Daniel I. Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne Chambers, John C. Benjamin, Emelia J. Franks, Paul W. Clarke, Robert Wilde, Arthur A. M. Trip, Mieke D. Steri, Maristella Witteman, Jacqueline C. M. Qi, Lu van der Schoot, C. Ellen de Faire, Ulf Erdmann, Jeanette Stringham, Heather M. Koenig, Wolfgang Rader, Daniel J. Melzer, David Reich, David Psaty, Bruce M. Kleber, Marcus E. Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B. Willeit, Johann Wennberg, Patrik Woodward, Mark Adamovic, Svetlana Rimm, Eric B. Meade, Tom W. Gillum, Richard F. Shaffer, Jonathan A. Hofman, Albert Onat, Altan Sundstrom, Johan Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia Mellstrom, Dan Gallacher, John Cushman, Mary Tracy, Russell P. Kauhanen, Jussi Karlsson, Magnus Salonen, Jukka T. Wilhelmsen, Lars Amouyel, Philippe Cantin, Bernard Best, Lyle G. Ben-Shlomo, Yoav Manson, JoAnn E. Davey-Smith, George de Bakker, Paul I. W. O'Donnell, Christopher J. Wilson, James F. Wilson, Anthony G. Assimes, Themistocles L. Jansson, John-Olov Ohlsson, Claes Tivesten, Asa Ljunggren, Osten Reilly, Muredach P. Hamsten, Anders Ingelsson, Erik Cambien, Francois Hung, Joseph Thomas, G. Neil Boehnke, Michael Schunkert, Heribert Asselbergs, Folkert W. Kastelein, John J. P. Gudnason, Vilmundur Salomaa, Veikko Harris, Tamara B. Kooner, Jaspal S. Allin, Kristine H. Nordestgaard, Borge G. Hopewell, Jemma C. Goodall, Alison H. Ridker, Paul M. Holm, Hilma Watkins, Hugh Ouwehand, Willem H. Samani, Nilesh J. Kaptoge, Stephen Di Angelantonio, Emanuele Harari, Olivier Danesh, John CA IL6R Genetics Consortium Emerging TI Interleukin-6 receptor pathways in coronary heart disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 82 studies SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; INDIVIDUAL PARTICIPANT METAANALYSIS; WOMENS GENOME HEALTH; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ARTERY-DISEASE; RISK; LOCI; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Background Persistent inflammation has been proposed to contribute to various stages in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R) signalling propagates downstream inflammation cascades. To assess whether this pathway is causally relevant to coronary heart disease, we studied a functional genetic variant known to affect IL6R signalling. Methods In a collaborative meta-analysis, we studied Asp358Ala (rs2228145) in IL6R in relation to a panel of conventional risk factors and inflammation biomarkers in 125 222 participants. We also compared the frequency of Asp358Ala in 51 441 patients with coronary heart disease and in 136 226 controls. To gain insight into possible mechanisms, we assessed Asp358Ala in relation to localised gene expression and to postlipopolysaccharide stimulation of interleukin 6. Findings The minor allele frequency of Asp358Ala was 39%. Asp358Ala was not associated with lipid concentrations, blood pressure, adiposity, dysglycaemia, or smoking (p value for association per minor allele >= 0.04 for each). By contrast, for every copy of 358Ala inherited, mean concentration of IL6R increased by 34.3% (95% CI 30.4-38.2) and of interleukin 6 by 14.6% (10.7-18.4), and mean concentration of C-reactive protein was reduced by 7.5% (5.9-9.1) and of fibrinogen by 1.0% (0.7-1.3). For every copy of 358Ala inherited, risk of coronary heart disease was reduced by 3.4% (1.8-5.0). Asp358Ala was not related to IL6R mRNA levels or interleukin-6 production in monocytes. Interpretation Large-scale human genetic and biomarker data are consistent with a causal association between IL6R-related pathways and coronary heart disease. C1 [Sarwar, Nadeem] Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Strangeways Res Lab, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. [Nelson, Christopher P.; Braund, Peter S.; Goodall, Alison H.; Samani, Nilesh J.] Univ Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Hall, Alistair S.] Univ Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Chasman, Daniel I.; Ridker, Paul M.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chasman, Daniel I.; Reich, David; Manson, JoAnn E.; O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne; Allin, Kristine H.; Nordestgaard, Borge G.] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen Univ Hosp, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kooner, Jaspal S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Benjamin, Emelia J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Benjamin, Emelia J.] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Franks, Paul W.] Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Malmo, Sweden. [Franks, Paul W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Franks, Paul W.] Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Med Sect, Umea, Sweden. [Clarke, Robert; Hopewell, Jemma C.; Watkins, Hugh] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Wilde, Arthur A. M.; Trip, Mieke D.; Kastelein, John J. P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Steri, Maristella] CNR, IRGB, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Hofman, Albert] Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Qi, Lu] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [de Faire, Ulf] Karolinska Inst, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Erdmann, Jeanette; Schunkert, Heribert] Univ Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany. [Stringham, Heather M.; Boehnke, Michael] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Koenig, Wolfgang] Univ Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Rader, Daniel J.; Reilly, Muredach P.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Melzer, David] Univ Exeter, Peninsula Coll Med & Dent, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kleber, Marcus E.] LURIC Study Nonprofit LLC, Freiburg, Germany. [Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.] Harokopio Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Willeit, Johann] Med Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. [Woodward, Mark] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Adamovic, Svetlana; Mellstrom, Dan; Ohlsson, Claes; Tivesten, Asa] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Meade, Tom W.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Gillum, Richard F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shaffer, Jonathan A.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Onat, Altan] Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Sundstrom, Johan] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. [Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY USA. [Gallacher, John] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, Wales. [Cushman, Mary; Tracy, Russell P.] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Kauhanen, Jussi] Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. [Karlsson, Magnus] Lund Univ, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Wilhelmsen, Lars] Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Amouyel, Philippe] Inst Pasteur, Lille, France. [Cantin, Bernard] Hop Laval, Laval, PQ, Canada. [Best, Lyle G.] Missouri Breaks Ind Res Inc, Timber Lake, MO USA. [Ben-Shlomo, Yoav; Davey-Smith, George] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. [Wilson, James F.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Wilson, Anthony G.] Univ Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Assimes, Themistocles L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Jansson, John-Olov] Gothenburg Univ, S-41124 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Ljunggren, Osten] Uppsala Univ, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. [Hamsten, Anders; Ingelsson, Erik] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Cambien, Francois] INSERM, F-75654 Paris 13, France. [Hung, Joseph] Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Thomas, G. Neil] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Asselbergs, Folkert W.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Gudnason, Vilmundur] Univ Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Salomaa, Veikko] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Holm, Hilma] deCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. RP Sarwar, N (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Strangeways Res Lab, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. EM erfc@phpc.cam.ac.uk RI Smith, Albert Vernon/K-5150-2015; Willenborg, Christina/D-2668-2012; Singleton, Andrew/C-3010-2009; Thomas, G. Neil/A-1879-2013; Shaffer, Jonathan/B-2783-2013; Sabater-Lleal, Maria/I-5832-2013; de Bakker, Paul/B-8730-2009; Sundstrom, Johan/A-6286-2009; McQuillan, Brendan/B-8271-2013; Woodward, Mark/D-8492-2015; Gudnason, Vilmundur/K-6885-2015; Wilson, James F/A-5704-2009; Davey Smith, George/A-7407-2013 OI Watkins, Hugh/0000-0002-5287-9016; Sabater Lleal, Maria/0000-0002-0128-379X; Ouwehand, Willem/0000-0002-7744-1790; Kleber, Marcus/0000-0003-0663-7275; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele/0000-0001-8776-6719; Fraser, Ross/0000-0003-0488-2592; Smith, Albert Vernon/0000-0003-1942-5845; Steri, Anna Maristella/0000-0001-5869-3872; Mannisto, Satu/0000-0002-8668-3046; Willeit, Peter/0000-0002-1866-7159; Benjamin, Emelia/0000-0003-4076-2336; Franks, Paul/0000-0002-0520-7604; Melzer, David/0000-0002-0170-3838; Willenborg, Christina/0000-0001-5217-6882; Shungin, Dmitry/0000-0001-7900-5856; Thomas, G. Neil/0000-0002-2777-1847; de Bakker, Paul/0000-0001-7735-7858; Sundstrom, Johan/0000-0003-2247-8454; McQuillan, Brendan/0000-0002-2130-8114; Gudnason, Vilmundur/0000-0001-5696-0084; Wilson, James F/0000-0001-5751-9178; Davey Smith, George/0000-0002-1407-8314 FU British Heart Foundation [RG/08/014)]; UK Medical Research Council; UK National Institute of Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; BUPA Foundation; Zoll FX Since April, 2011, Nadeem Sarwar has been a full-time employee of Pfizer Inc. Olivier Harari is an employee of Roche Products. Hilma Holm is an employee of deCODE genetics. Bruce Psaty serves on a data safety and monitoring board for a clinical trial of a device funded by the manufacturer Zoll. JoAnn Manson is listed as a co-inventor on a pending patent held by Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, that relates to inflammatory markers in diabetes prediction. Paul M Ridker is listed as a co-inventor on patents held by Brigham and Women's Hospital that relate to the use of inflammatory markers in cardiovascular disease, and that have been licensed to AstraZeneca and Siemens. John Danesh has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation, BUPA Foundation, Denka, diaDexus, European Union, European Research Council, Evelyn Trust, Fogarty International Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Medical Research Council, Merck Sharp and Dohme, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute for Health Research, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Wellcome Trust, and UK Biobank, and has served on advisory boards for Merck, Pfizer, and Novartis, for which he has received compensation. All other members of the writing committee declare that they have no conflicts of interest.; The coordinating centre was supported by the British Heart Foundation (RG/08/014), the UK Medical Research Council, the UK National Institute of Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and a specific grant from the BUPA Foundation. Various sources have supported recruitment, follow-up, and laboratory measurements in the studies contributing to this report. Investigators of several of these studies have contributed to a list naming some of these funding sources. Sekar Kathiresan, Kenneth G C Smith, and John Todd commented helpfully on an earlier version of this report. NR 49 TC 204 Z9 212 U1 4 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 31 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9822 BP 1205 EP 1213 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61931-4 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 918DV UT WOS:000302230400033 ER PT J AU Saha, SK Al Emran, HM Hossain, B Darmstadt, GL Saha, S Islam, M Chowdhury, AI Foster, D Naheed, A El Arifeen, S Baqui, AH Qazi, SA Luby, SP Breiman, RF Santosham, M Black, RE Crook, DW AF Saha, Samir K. Al Emran, Hassan M. Hossain, Belal Darmstadt, Gary L. Saha, Senjuti Islam, Maksuda Chowdhury, Atique I. Foster, Dona Naheed, Aliya El Arifeen, Shams Baqui, Abdullah H. Qazi, Shamim A. Luby, Stephen P. Breiman, Robert F. Santosham, Mathuram Black, Robert E. Crook, Derrick W. CA Pneumococcal Study Grp TI Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype-2 Childhood Meningitis in Bangladesh: A Newly Recognized Pneumococcal Infection Threat SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; INVASIVE-DISEASE; SOUTH-AFRICA; CHILDREN; BURDEN; SURVEILLANCE; IDENTIFICATION; BACTEREMIA; RESISTANCE AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of meningitis in countries where pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) targeting commonly occurring serotypes are not routinely used. However, effectiveness of PCV would be jeopardized by emergence of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) caused by serotypes which are not included in PCV. Systematic hospital based surveillance in Bangladesh was established and progressively improved to determine the pathogens causing childhood sepsis and meningitis. This also provided the foundation for determining the spectrum of serotypes causing IPD. This article reports an unprecedented upsurge of serotype 2, an uncommon pneumococcal serotype, without any known intervention. Methods and Findings: Cases with suspected IPD had blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from the beginning of 2001 till 2009. Pneumococcal serotypes were determined by capsular swelling of isolates or PCR of culture-negative CSF specimens. Multicenter national surveillance, expanded from 2004, identified 45,437 patients with suspected bacteremia who were blood cultured and 10,618 suspected meningitis cases who had a lumber puncture. Pneumococcus accounted for 230 culture positive cases of meningitis in children <5 years. Serotype-2 was the leading cause of pneumococcal meningitis, accounting for 20.4% (45/221; 95% CI 15%-26%) of cases. Ninety eight percent (45/46) of these serotype-2 strains were isolated from meningitis cases, yielding the highest serotype-specific odds ratio for meningitis (29.6; 95% CI 3.4-256.3). The serotype-2 strains had three closely related pulsed field gel electrophoresis types. Conclusions: S. pneumoniae serotype-2 was found to possess an unusually high potential for causing meningitis and was the leading serotype-specific cause of childhood meningitis in Bangladesh over the past decade. Persisting disease occurrence or progressive spread would represent a major potential infection threat since serotype-2 is not included in PCVs currently licensed or under development. C1 [Saha, Samir K.; Al Emran, Hassan M.; Hossain, Belal; Islam, Maksuda] Dhaka Shishu Children Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Darmstadt, Gary L.; Baqui, Abdullah H.; Santosham, Mathuram; Black, Robert E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Saha, Senjuti] Univ Toronto, Davidson Lab, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Chowdhury, Atique I.; Naheed, Aliya; El Arifeen, Shams; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Foster, Dona; Crook, Derrick W.] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. [Qazi, Shamim A.] WHO, Child & Adolescent Hlth Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Luby, Stephen P.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saha, SK (reprint author), Dhaka Shishu Children Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM samirk.sks@gmail.com OI Black, Robert/0000-0001-9926-7984 FU World Health Organization [C6-181-452, 98011]; Gavi's PneumoADIP, based at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Oxford Biomedical Research Center, National Institutes of Health (NIHR), England, United Kingdom; Pfizer Inc.; Novartis FX The study was partially supported by World Health Organization (Reg file C6-181-452; ID. 98011) and Gavi's PneumoADIP, based at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Dr. Crook is funded by the Oxford Biomedical Research Center, National Institutes of Health (NIHR), England, United Kingdom. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; Dr. Crook and Dr. Saha received a research grant from Pfizer Inc. and Novartis respectively. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32134 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032134 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959UC UT WOS:000305339100005 PM 22479314 ER PT J AU Liddon, NC Hood, JE Leichliter, JS AF Liddon, Nicole C. Hood, Julia E. Leichliter, Jami S. TI Intent to receive HPV vaccine and reasons for not vaccinating among unvaccinated adolescent and young women: Findings from the 2006-2008 National Survey of Family Growth SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus vaccine; National Survey of Family Growth; Vaccine coverage ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; AGED 13-17 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; INITIATION; COVERAGE; PREDICTORS; GIRLS; CARE AB Background and purpose: HPV vaccine coverage for females has increased in the U.S., although challenges to achieving high coverage remain. HPV vaccine coverage continues to lag behind that of other routinely recommended adolescent vaccines and these gaps in coverage are widening. To inform strategies to improve uptake, we explore correlates of vaccine intention and describe reasons for refusing HPV vaccination among unvaccinated females in a nationally representative sample of adolescents and young adults during early stages of HPV vaccine availability. Methods: In 2007-2008,1243 females aged 15-24 years were asked about HPV vaccination in the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). For unvaccinated women (n=955), we evaluated demographic and sexual behavior correlates of likelihood to receive the vaccine in the next 12 months in bivariate and multivariable analyses by age. Correlates to the main reasons for foregoing vaccination are described. Results: A minority (42.5%) of unvaccinated respondents said they intended to receive HPV vaccine in the next 12 months: 37.6% of adolescents (15-19 years) and 42.0% of young adults (20-24 years). Sexually experienced women were more than twice as likely as non-sexually experienced women to intend to receive HPV vaccine (15-19 years: aOR = 2.39, 95% Cl = 1.15, 4.94; 20-24 years: aOR = 2.17, 95% Cl = 1.08, 4.33). Having health insurance was associated with being likely to receive HPV vaccine among adolescents. Hispanic young adults were more likely than non-Hispanic Whites to be likely to receive HPV vaccine. The belief of not being at risk for HPV and institutional barriers were the two most commonly cited reasons for foregoing vaccination. Among unvaccinated women who did not intend to get vaccinated, respondents who never had sex were more likely to report not being at risk as the main reason for not needing the vaccine compared to women with sexual experience (44.5 vs. 24.4%) but this finding was only marginally significant in our limited sample. Conclusion: In the first years immediately post-licensure of an HPV vaccine, the majority of unvaccinated women indicated that they were unlikely to seek vaccination. Intent to receive the HPV vaccine is tied to sexual experience and most women who do not intend to get vaccinated and have never had sex believe they are not at risk of HPV or do not need an HPV vaccine. These findings highlight the need to better communicate information regarding lifetime risk for HPV and the importance of receiving HPV vaccine prior to sexual initiation. These findings should inform strategies to increase vaccine Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Liddon, Nicole C.; Hood, Julia E.; Leichliter, Jami S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liddon, NC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nel6@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 30 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 16 BP 2676 EP 2682 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.007 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AQ UT WOS:000302663200010 PM 22342548 ER PT J AU Hariri, S Steinau, M Rinas, A Gargano, JW Ludema, C Unger, ER Carter, AL Grant, KL Bamberg, M McDermott, JE Markowitz, LE Brewer, NT Smith, JS AF Hariri, Susan Steinau, Martin Rinas, Allen Gargano, Julia W. Ludema, Christina Unger, Elizabeth R. Carter, Alicia L. Grant, Kathy L. Bamberg, Melanie McDermott, James E. Markowitz, Lauri E. Brewer, Noel T. Smith, Jennifer S. TI HPV Genotypes in High Grade Cervical Lesions and Invasive Cervical Carcinoma as Detected by Two Commercial DNA Assays, North Carolina, 2001-2006 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; INNO-LIPA; CANCER; INFECTION; METAANALYSIS; VACCINATION; SPECIMENS; TISSUES AB Background: HPV typing using formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cervical tissue is used to evaluate HPV vaccine impact, but DNA yield and quality in FFPE specimens can negatively affect test results. This study aimed to evaluate 2 commercial assays for HPV detection and typing using FFPE cervical specimens. Methods: Four large North Carolina pathology laboratories provided FFPE specimens from 299 women ages18 and older diagnosed with cervical disease from 2001 to 2006. For each woman, one diagnostic block was selected and unstained serial sections were prepared for DNA typing. Extracts from samples with residual lesion were used to detect and type HPV using parallel and serial testing algorithms with the Linear Array and LiPA HPV genotyping assays. Findings: LA and LiPA concordance was 0.61 for detecting any high-risk (HR) and 0.20 for detecting any low-risk (LR) types, with significant differences in marginal proportions for HPV16, 51, 52, and any HR types. Discordant results were most often LiPA-positive, LA-negative. The parallel algorithm yielded the highest prevalence of any HPV type (95.7%). HR type prevalence was similar using parallel (93.1%) and serial (92.1%) approaches. HPV16, 33, and 52 prevalence was slightly lower using the serial algorithm, but the median number of HR types per woman (1) did not differ by algorithm. Using the serial algorithm, HPV DNA was detected in >85% of invasive and >95% of pre-invasive lesions. The most common type was HPV16, followed by 52, 18, 31, 33, and 35; HPV16/18 was detected in 56.5% of specimens. Multiple HPV types were more common in lower grade lesions. Conclusions: We developed an efficient algorithm for testing and reporting results of two commercial assays for HPV detection and typing in FFPE specimens, and describe HPV type distribution in pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in a state-based sample prior to HPV vaccine introduction. C1 [Hariri, Susan; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steinau, Martin; Gargano, Julia W.; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rinas, Allen; Ludema, Christina; Brewer, Noel T.; Smith, Jennifer S.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Rinas, Allen; Ludema, Christina; Brewer, Noel T.; Smith, Jennifer S.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gargano, Julia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carter, Alicia L.] Lab Corp Amer Holdings, Burlington, NC USA. [Grant, Kathy L.] Duke Univ Hlth Syst, Durham, NC USA. [Bamberg, Melanie; McDermott, James E.] Carolinas Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC 28203 USA. RP Hariri, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shariri@cdc.gov OI Ludema, Christina/0000-0003-0779-810X; Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [S3715-25/2] FX Funding was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, grant # S3715-25/2. The funders collaborated on study design, analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e34044 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0034044 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 948SR UT WOS:000304523400052 PM 22479516 ER PT J AU Rejeski, WJ Ip, EH Bertoni, AG Bray, GA Evans, G Gregg, EW Zhang, Q AF Rejeski, W. Jack Ip, Edward H. Bertoni, Alain G. Bray, George A. Evans, Gina Gregg, Edward W. Zhang, Qiang CA Look AHEAD Res Grp TI Lifestyle Change and Mobility in Obese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; OLDER-ADULTS; WEIGHT-LOSS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; US ADULTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS AB BACKGROUND Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus often have limitations in mobility that increase with age. An intensive lifestyle intervention that produces weight loss and improves fitness could slow the loss of mobility in such patients. METHODS We randomly assigned 5145 overweight or obese adults between the ages of 45 and 74 years with type 2 diabetes to either an intensive lifestyle intervention or a diabetes support-and-education program; 5016 participants contributed data. We used hidden Markov models to characterize disability states and mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression to estimate the probability of functional decline. The primary outcome was self-reported limitation in mobility, with annual assessments for 4 years. RESULTS At year 4, among 2514 adults in the lifestyle-intervention group, 517 (20.6%) had severe disability and 969 (38.5%) had good mobility; the numbers among 2502 participants in the support group were 656 (26.2%) and 798 (31.9%), respectively. The lifestyle-intervention group had a relative reduction of 48% in the risk of loss of mobility, as compared with the support group (odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 0.63; P<0.001). Both weight loss and improved fitness (as assessed on treadmill testing) were significant mediators of this effect (P<0.001 for both variables). Adverse events that were related to the lifestyle intervention included a slightly higher frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms at year 1. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss and improved fitness slowed the decline in mobility in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes. (Funded by the Department of Health and Human Services and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00017953.) C1 [Rejeski, W. Jack] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Ip, Edward H.; Bertoni, Alain G.; Zhang, Qiang] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Bray, George A.] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Evans, Gina] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rejeski, WJ (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Box 7868, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM rejeski@wfu.edu FU Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health [DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, DK56992, DK 046204]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Office of Research on Women's Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Department of Veterans Affairs; Indian Health Service; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL076441-01A1]; National Institute on Aging [P30-AG021332]; General Clinical Research Center [M01-RR00211]; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Re-search Center [M01RR02719]; Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01066]; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center [M01RR00051]; Clinical Nutrition Research Unit [P30 DK48520]; University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center [M01RR0021140]; University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center [M01RR000056]; Clinical Translational Research Center [UL1 RR 024153]; Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01346]; M01RR01346); and by FedEx; Health Management Resources; LifeScan; Nestle HealthCare Nutrition; Hoffmann-La Roche; Abbott Nutrition; Unilever North America FX Supported by the Department of Health and Human Services through the following cooperative agreements with the National Institutes of Health: DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, and DK56992; by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Nursing Research, the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the Office of Research on Women's Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and the Indian Health Service; by grants (to Dr. Rejeski) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL076441-01A1), the National Institute on Aging (P30-AG021332), and the General Clinical Research Center (M01-RR00211); by grants (to Dr. Ip) from the National Institute on Aging (R01AG031827A) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL101066-01); and by grants from the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Re-search Center (M01RR02719), the Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01066), the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center (M01RR00051) and Clinical Nutrition Research Unit (P30 DK48520), the University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center (M01RR0021140), the University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center (M01RR000056), the Clinical Translational Research Center (funded by a Clinical and Translational Science Award [UL1 RR 024153] and the National Institutes of Health [DK 046204]), and the Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01346); and by FedEx, Health Management Resources, LifeScan, Nestle HealthCare Nutrition, Hoffmann-La Roche, Abbott Nutrition, and Unilever North America. NR 42 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 15 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 29 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 13 BP 1209 EP 1217 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 915DW UT WOS:000302005100009 PM 22455415 ER PT J AU Ryman, TK Trakroo, A Ekka, JB Watkins, M AF Ryman, Tove K. Trakroo, Ajay Ekka, J. B. Watkins, Margaret TI Contribution of Immunization Weeks toward improving coverage, access to services, and completion of recommended childhood vaccinations in Assam, India SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Vaccination; India; PIRI AB Recommended childhood vaccines have typically been provided through routine immunization programs. Recently, implementation of strategies that use campaign-like features for providing all the recommended childhood immunizations have been utilized to increase vaccination coverage. Between January 2006 and January 2008, Assam, India, conducted Immunization Weeks (IWs), a periodic campaign-like approach for providing the recommended childhood vaccines generally administered through the routine Universal Immunization Program (UIP). Using data from a household vaccination coverage survey conducted in 5 districts of Assam in late-2007/early-2008 among children 12-28 months of age, a secondary analysis was conducted for a subset of children with vaccination cards to assess the impacts of implementing the IW-strategy. Sixty-five percent of the 3310 surveyed children received at least one vaccine dose through an IW. Without IWs, coverage would likely have been lower for all vaccines (e.g., 75% measles vaccine coverage including IWs doses and an estimated 61% without IWs). The proportion of children receiving at least one IW dose was significantly different depending on the child's residence; 72% in hard-to-reach char areas, 66% in rural areas and 53% in urban areas (p = 0.01). Overall, 2085 (63%) of children were fully vaccinated; of these 60% received a combination of IW and UIP doses, 35% received doses only through the UIP, and 5% received doses only through IWs. A delay in administration later than the recommended ages was found for both UIP doses and for IW doses (e.g., for measles vaccine, UIP doses were 6.9 weeks delayed and IW doses 13.6 weeks delayed). Among this sample of vaccinated children, IWs appeared to increase vaccination coverage and improve access to services in hard-to-reach areas. However, the UIP appeared to be a better system for ensuring that children received all doses in the recommended vaccination series. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ryman, Tove K.; Watkins, Margaret] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Trakroo, Ajay] United Nations Childrens Fund, Gauhati, Assam, India. [Ekka, J. B.] Natl Rural Hlth Mission, Gauhati, Assam, India. RP Watkins, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM maw8@cdc.gov FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding: This work was supported by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 15 BP 2551 EP 2555 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.084 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 926HT UT WOS:000302822600007 PM 22326777 ER PT J AU Braikat, M Barkia, A El Mdaghri, N Rainey, JJ Cohen, AL Teleb, N AF Braikat, Mohamed Barkia, Abdelaziz El Mdaghri, Naima Rainey, Jeanette J. Cohen, Adam L. Teleb, Nadia TI Vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine reduces bacterial meningitis in Morocco SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine; Bacterial meningitis surveillance; Morocco; Eastern Mediterranean ID HIB DISEASE; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; IMMUNIZATION; PNEUMONIA; METAANALYSIS; ELIMINATION; PREVENTION; BURDEN; IMPACT AB Introduction: Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and pneumonia and can be prevented by Hib vaccine. We conducted a vaccine impact evaluation to support continued use of Hib vaccine in Morocco following introduction in 2007. Methods: Bacterial meningitis surveillance data from 2004 to 2009 were obtained from 11 sentinel hospitals located in eight provinces and one prefecture in Morocco to examine Hi meningitis reporting for cases aged <5 years. We defined the years of 2004-2006 as the pre-vaccine period and 2008-2009 as the post-vaccine period and compared the mean annual number of confirmed Hi meningitis cases for these time periods using a Chi-square test. We calculated the minimum incidence of Hi meningitis during the evaluation period in Grand Casa Prefecture, where the catchment population could be estimated. Results: From 2004 to 2009, 1844 suspected meningitis case-patients aged <5 years were reported; 354 (19.2%) were confirmed with bacterial meningitis, including 105 (29.7%) Hi cases. The mean annual number of confirmed Hi meningitis cases decreased by 75%, from 24 in the pre-vaccine period to 6 during the post-vaccine period (p<0.001). Assuming Hi cases with unknown age were <5 years of age, the estimated minimum incidence of confirmed Hi meningitis in Grand Casa Prefecture decreased by 93%, from 15 cases per 100,000 children in the pre-vaccine period to 1 case per 100,000 children in the post-vaccine period. Conclusion: Hib vaccine introduction likely significantly reduced the occurrence of Hi meningitis among children aged <5 years at the 11 sentinel hospitals included in this evaluation in Morocco, suggesting that continued use of Hib vaccine in Morocco would be beneficial. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Braikat, Mohamed; Barkia, Abdelaziz] Minist Hlth, Rabat, Morocco. [El Mdaghri, Naima] Ibd Rochd Univ Hosp, Casablanca, Morocco. [Rainey, Jeanette J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Adam L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Teleb, Nadia] WHO, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Cairo, Egypt. RP Rainey, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkr7@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 15 BP 2594 EP 2599 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.041 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 926HT UT WOS:000302822600013 PM 22306854 ER PT J AU Harrison, AT Gavin, L Hastings, PA AF Harrison, Ayanna T. Gavin, Lorrie Hastings, Philip A. TI Prepregnancy Contraceptive Use Among Teens With Unintended Pregnancies Resulting in Live Births-Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), 2004-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 25-29, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Harrison, Ayanna T.; Gavin, Lorrie; Hastings, Philip A.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Harrison, AT (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aharrison@cdc.gov; lgavin1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 12 BP 1244 EP 1246 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 914UP UT WOS:000301978400008 ER PT J AU von Sonnenburg, F Cramer, JP Freedman, DO Plier, DA Esposito, DH Sotir, MJ Lankau, EW AF von Sonnenburg, Frank Cramer, Jakob P. Freedman, David O. Plier, D. Adam Esposito, Douglas H. Sotir, Mark J. Lankau, Emily W. TI Notes From the Field: Acute Muscular Sarcocystosis Among Returning Travelers-Tioman Island, Malaysia, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 37-38, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Esposito, Douglas H.; Sotir, Mark J.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lankau, Emily W.] CDC, DVM, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [von Sonnenburg, Frank] Univ Munich, Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, D-80539 Munich, Germany. [Cramer, Jakob P.] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Bernhard Nocht Clin Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany. [Freedman, David O.; Plier, D. Adam] Univ Alabama, GeoSentinel Program Off, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Esposito, DH (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM desposito@cdc.gov RI Lankau, Emily/C-8057-2011 OI Lankau, Emily/0000-0002-7094-7780 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 12 BP 1247 EP 1247 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 914UP UT WOS:000301978400009 ER PT J AU Klabunde, CN Brown, M Ballard-Barbash, R White, MC Thompson, T Plescia, M King, SC AF Klabunde, Carrie N. Brown, Martin Ballard-Barbash, Rachel White, Mary C. Thompson, Trevor Plescia, Marcus King, Sallyann Coleman TI Cancer Screening-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 41-45, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [King, Sallyann Coleman] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klabunde, Carrie N.; Brown, Martin; Ballard-Barbash, Rachel] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [White, Mary C.; Thompson, Trevor; Plescia, Marcus] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP King, SC (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM scolemanking@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 12 BP 1248 EP 1250 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 914UP UT WOS:000301978400010 ER PT J AU Yang, QH Cogswell, ME Flanders, WD Hong, YL Zhang, ZF Loustalot, F Gillespie, C Merritt, R Hu, FB AF Yang, Quanhe Cogswell, Mary E. Flanders, W. Dana Hong, Yuling Zhang, Zefeng Loustalot, Fleetwood Gillespie, Cathleen Merritt, Robert Hu, Frank B. TI Trends in Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Associations With All-Cause and CVD Mortality Among US Adults SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; LIFE-STYLE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB Context Recent recommendations from the American Heart Association aim to improve cardiovascular health by encouraging the general population to meet 7 cardiovascular health metrics: not smoking; being physically active; having normal blood pressure, blood glucose and total cholesterol levels, and weight; and eating a healthy diet. Objective To examine time trends in cardiovascular health metrics and to estimate joint associations and population-attributable fractions of these metrics in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk. Design, Setting, and Participants Study of a nationally representative sample of 44 959 US adults (>20 years), using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1988-1994, 1999-2004, and 2005-2010 and the NHANES III Linked Mortality File (through 2006). Main Outcome Measures All-cause, CVD, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality. Results Few participants met all 7 cardiovascular health metrics (2.0% [95% CI, 1.5%-2.5%] in 1988-1994, 1.2% [95% CI, 0.8%-1.9%] in 2005-2010). Among NHANES III participants, 2673 all-cause, 1085 CVD, and 576 IHD deaths occurred (median follow-up, 14.5 years). Among participants who met 1 or fewer cardiovascular health metrics, age-and sex-standardized absolute risks were 14.8 (95% CI, 13.2-16.5) deaths per 1000 person-years for all-cause mortality, 6.5 (95% CI, 5.5-7.6) for CVD mortality, and 3.7 (95% CI, 2.8-4.5) for IHD mortality. Among those who met 6 or more metrics, corresponding risks were 5.4 (95% CI, 3.6-7.3) for all-cause mortality, 1.5 (95% CI, 0.5-2.5) for CVD mortality, and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.7-2.0) for IHD mortality. Adjusted hazard ratios were 0.49 (95% CI, 0.33-0.74) for all-cause mortality, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.13-0.47) for CVD mortality, and 0.30 (95% CI, 0.13-0.68) for IHD mortality, comparing participants who met 6 or more vs 1 or fewer cardiovascular health metrics. Adjusted population-attributable fractions were 59% (95% CI, 33%-76%) for all-cause mortality, 64% (95% CI, 28%-84%) for CVD mortality, and 63% (95% CI, 5%-89%) for IHD mortality. Conclusion Meeting a greater number of cardiovascular health metrics was associated with a lower risk of total and CVD mortality, but the prevalence of meeting all 7 cardiovascular health metrics was low in the study population. JAMA. 2012;307(12):1273-1283 Published online March 16, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.339 www.jama.com C1 [Yang, Quanhe; Cogswell, Mary E.; Hong, Yuling; Zhang, Zefeng; Loustalot, Fleetwood; Gillespie, Cathleen; Merritt, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hu, Frank B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hu, Frank B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Yang, QH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM qay0@cdc.gov OI Gillespie, Cathleen/0000-0003-1878-1055 NR 63 TC 230 Z9 237 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 28 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 12 BP 1273 EP 1283 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.339 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 914UP UT WOS:000301978400023 PM 22427615 ER PT J AU Duong, YT Qiu, MF De, AK Jackson, K Dobbs, T Kim, AA Nkengasong, JN Parekh, BS AF Duong, Yen T. Qiu, Maofeng De, Anindya K. Jackson, Keisha Dobbs, Trudy Kim, Andrea A. Nkengasong, John N. Parekh, Bharat S. TI Detection of Recent HIV-1 Infection Using a New Limiting-Antigen Avidity Assay: Potential for HIV-1 Incidence Estimates and Avidity Maturation Studies SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SUBTYPE-E INFECTION; TYPE-1 INCIDENCE; PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; INCIDENCE RATES; SEROCONVERSION; ANTIBODIES; WOMEN; SEROINCIDENCE; ACCURACY AB Background: Accurate and reliable laboratory methods are needed for estimation of HIV-1 incidence to identify the high-risk populations and target and monitor prevention efforts. We previously described a single-well limiting-antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay (LAg-Avidity EIA) to detect recent HIV-1 infection. Methods: We describe here further optimization and characterization of LAg-Avidity EIA, comparing it to the BED assay and a two-well avidity-index (AI) EIA. Specimen sets included longitudinal sera (n = 393), collected from 89 seroconverting individuals from 4 cohorts representing 4 HIV-1 subtypes, and sera from AIDS patients (n = 488) with or without TB co-infections from 3 different cohorts. Ninety seven HIV-1 positive specimens were purchased commercially. The BED assay, LAg-Avidity EIA, AI-EIA and HIV serology were performed, as needed. Results: Monitoring quality control specimens indicated high reproducibility of the LAg-Avidity EIA with coefficient of variation of <10% in the dynamic range. The LAg-Avidity EIA has an overall mean duration of recency (omega) of 141 days (95% CI 119-160) at normalized optical density (ODn) cutoff of 1.0, with similar omega in different HIV-1 subtypes and populations (132 to 143 days). Antibody avidity kinetics were similar among individuals and subtypes by both the LAg-Avidity EIA and AI-EIA compared to the HIV-IgG levels measured by the BED assay. The false recent rate among individuals with AIDS was 0.2% with the LAg-Avidity EIA, compared to 2.9% with the BED assay. Western blot profiles of specimens with increasing avidity confirm accurate detection of recent HIV-1 infections. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that the LAg-Avidity EIA is a promising assay with consistent omega in different populations and subtypes. The assay should be very useful for 1) estimating HIV-1 incidence in cross-sectional specimens as part of HIV surveillance, 2) identifying risk factors for recent infections, 3) measuring impact of prevention programs, and 4) studying avidity maturation during vaccine trials. C1 [Duong, Yen T.; Qiu, Maofeng; De, Anindya K.; Jackson, Keisha; Dobbs, Trudy; Kim, Andrea A.; Nkengasong, John N.; Parekh, Bharat S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Duong, YT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bparekh@cdc.gov FU China-CDC, Beijing FX Maofeng Qiu was supported by China-CDC, Beijing. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 71 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e33328 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0033328 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 940MY UT WOS:000303894900023 PM 22479384 ER PT J AU Arinaitwe, E Gasasira, A Verret, W Homsy, J Wanzira, H Kakuru, A Sandison, TG Young, S Tappero, JW Kamya, MR Dorsey, G AF Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Gasasira, Anne Verret, Wendy Homsy, Jaco Wanzira, Humphrey Kakuru, Abel Sandison, Taylor G. Young, Sera Tappero, Jordan W. Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant TI The association between malnutrition and the incidence of malaria among young HIV-infected and -uninfected Ugandan children: a prospective study SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; BREAST-FEEDING CESSATION; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; RURAL UGANDA; WEIGHT-LOSS; ADULTS; COHORT AB Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, malnutrition and malaria remain major causes of morbidity and mortality in young children. There are conflicting data as to whether malnutrition is associated with an increased or decreased risk of malaria. In addition, data are limited on the potential interaction between HIV infection and the association between malnutrition and the risk of malaria. Methods: A cohort of 100 HIV-unexposed, 203 HIV-exposed (HIV negative children born to HIV-infected mothers) and 48 HIV-infected children aged 6 weeks to 1 year were recruited from an area of high malaria transmission intensity in rural Uganda and followed until the age of 2.5 years. All children were provided with insecticide-treated bed nets at enrolment and daily trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole prophylaxis (TS) was prescribed for HIV-exposed breastfeeding and HIV-infected children. Monthly routine assessments, including measurement of height and weight, were conducted at the study clinic. Nutritional outcomes including stunting (low height-for-age) and underweight (low weight-for-age), classified as mild (mean z-scores between -1 and -2 during follow-up) and moderate-severe (mean z-scores < -2 during follow-up) were considered. Malaria was diagnosed when a child presented with fever and a positive blood smear. The incidence of malaria was compared using negative binomial regression controlling for potential confounders with measures of association expressed as an incidence rate ratio (IRR). Results: The overall incidence of malaria was 3.64 cases per person year. Mild stunting (IRR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.06-1.46, p = 0.008) and moderate-severe stunting (IRR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.03-1.48, p = 0.02) were associated with a similarly increased incidence of malaria compared to non-stunted children. Being mildly underweight (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.95-1.25, p = 0.24) and moderate-severe underweight (IRR = 1.12, 95% CI 0.86-1.46, p = 0.39) were not associated with a significant difference in the incidence of malaria compared to children who were not underweight. There were no significant interactions between HIV-infected, HIV-exposed children taking TS and the associations between malnutrition and the incidence of malaria. Conclusions: Stunting, indicative of chronic malnutrition, was associated with an increased incidence of malaria among a cohort of HIV-infected and -uninfected young children living in an area of high malaria transmission intensity. However, caution should be made when making causal inferences given the observational study design and inability to disentangle the temporal relationship between malnutrition and the incidence of malaria. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00527800. C1 [Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Gasasira, Anne; Wanzira, Humphrey; Kakuru, Abel] Makerere Univ, Univ Calif, San Francisco Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Verret, Wendy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Homsy, Jaco] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sandison, Taylor G.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Young, Sera] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Arinaitwe, E (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Univ Calif, San Francisco Res Collaborat, Mulago Hosp Complex,POB 7475, Kampala, Uganda. EM emmy3md@yahoo.com FU Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U62P024421]; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); Global AIDS Program (GAP); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Fogarty AIDS International Research and Training grant [1 D43 TW00003]; Makerere University [D43-TW00807701A1]; Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health FX The authors gratefully appreciate the children who participated in this study as well as their parents and guardians. Subjects in this study were enrolled in programmes supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Cooperative Agreement Number U62P024421 from the Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Global AIDS Program (GAP). Funding was also provided by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (GD is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award) and training support from the Fogarty AIDS International Research and Training grant (1 D43 TW00003). This project was partially supported by the Uganda Malaria Clinical Operational and Health Services (COHRE) Training Program at Makerere University, Grant #D43-TW00807701A1, funded by the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAR 27 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 90 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-90 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 931HI UT WOS:000303206600001 PM 22453048 ER PT J AU Marelli, A Gilboa, S Devine, O Kucik, J Ionescu-Ittu, R Oster, M Riehle-Colarusso, T Correa, A Jenkins, K AF Marelli, Ariane Gilboa, Suzanne Devine, Owen Kucik, James Ionescu-Ittu, Raluca Oster, Matthew Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Correa, Adolfo Jenkins, Kathy TI ESTIMATING THE CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES IN 2010-WHAT ARE THE NUMBERS? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Scientific Session and Expo of the American-College-of-Cardiology (ACC) CY MAR 24-27, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Coll Cardiol (ACC) C1 McGill Univ, Adult Unit Congenital Heart Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 27 PY 2012 VL 59 IS 13 SU S BP E787 EP E787 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 919LB UT WOS:000302326700788 ER PT J AU Novak, RM Richardson, JT Buchacz, K Chmiel, JS Durham, MD Palella, FJ Wendrow, A Wood, K Young, B Brooks, JT AF Novak, Richard M. Richardson, James T. Buchacz, Kate Chmiel, Joan S. Durham, Marcus D. Palella, Frank J. Wendrow, Andrea Wood, Kathy Young, Benjamin Brooks, John T. CA HIV Outpatient Study HOPS Investig TI Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: incidence and implications for mortality SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HAART; HIV; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; mortality; opportunistic infections; risk factors; United States ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; REGULATORY T-CELLS; RISK-FACTORS; POSITIVE PATIENTS; SYNDROME IRIS; HAART; MANIFESTATION; TUBERCULOSIS; PATIENT AB Objective: To describe incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and its association with mortality in a large multisite US HIV-infected cohort applying an objective, comprehensive definition. Design: We studied 2 610 patients seen during 1996-2007 who initiated or resumed highly active combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and, during the next 6 months, demonstrated a decline in plasma HIV-RNA viral load of at least 0.5 log(10) copies/ml or an increase of at least 50% in CD4 cell count per microliter. We defined IRIS as the diagnosis of a type B or C condition [as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1993 AIDS case definition] or any new mucocutaneous disorder during this same 6-month period. Methods: We assessed the incidence of IRIS and evaluated risk factors for IRIS using conditional logistic regression and for all-cause mortality using proportional hazards models. Results: We identified 370 cases of IRIS (in 276 patients). Median and nadir CD4 cell counts at cART initiation were 90 and 43 cells/mu l, respectively; median viral load was 2.7 log(10) copies/ml. The most common IRIS-defining diagnoses were candidiasis (all forms), cytomegalovirus infection, disseminated Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Pneumocystis pneumonia, varicella zoster, Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Only one case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was observed. IRIS was independently associated with CD4 cell count less than 50 cells/mu l vs. at least 200 cells/mu l [odds ratio (OR) 5.0] and a viral load of at least 5.0 log(10) copies vs. less than 4.0 log(10) copies (OR 2.3). IRIS with a type B-defining or type C-defining diagnosis approximately doubled the risk for all-cause mortality. Conclusion: In this large US-based HIV-infected cohort, IRIS occurred in 10.6% of patients who responded to effective ART and contributed to increased mortality. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Novak, Richard M.; Wendrow, Andrea] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Richardson, James T.; Wood, Kathy] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Buchacz, Kate; Durham, Marcus D.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chmiel, Joan S.; Palella, Frank J.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Young, Benjamin] Rocky Mt CARES DIDC, Denver, CO USA. [Young, Benjamin] Hlth Connect Int, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Novak, RM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 808 S Wood St,M-C 735, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM rmnovak@uic.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2001-00133] FX Funding source is contract 200-2001-00133 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAR 27 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 721 EP 730 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283511e91 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 914UA UT WOS:000301976900008 PM 22233655 ER PT J AU McNeil, MM Arana, J Stewart, B Hartshorn, M Hrncir, D Wang, HR Lamias, M Locke, M Stamper, J Tokars, JI Engler, RJ AF McNeil, Michael M. Arana, Jorge Stewart, Brock Hartshorn, Mary Hrncir, David Wang, Henry Lamias, Mark Locke, Michael Stamper, John Tokars, Jerome I. Engler, Renata J. TI A cluster of nonspecific adverse events in a military reserve unit following pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccination-Possible stimulated reporting? SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE VAERS; Adult vaccination; H1N1 vaccine safety ID MASS PSYCHOGENIC ILLNESS; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; IMMUNIZATION-SAFETY; US MILITARY; HUMAN VACCINES; PROGRAM; ATTITUDES; GENDER; SYSTEM; TROOPS AB Background: On February 20, 2010, a 23 year old male Army Reservist (index case) with symptom onset 4 h after receiving inactivated monovalent pandemic 2009 (H1N1) vaccine (MIV) was hospitalized with possible Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Within 1-2 days, 13 reservists from the same unit presented to the emergency department and 14 filed Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) reports of nonspecific symptoms following MIV. Objectives: To describe the spectrum of adverse events (AE) among reservists in the unit after MIV and to identify factors contributing to this cluster of reports. Methods: We reviewed the reservists' VAERS reports and hospital records for demographics, influenza vaccination status, diagnostic results and outcome. All VAERS reports after vaccination from the same MIV lot were also screened. We conducted a survey of unit reservists to identify contributing factors for this cluster. Results: The presumptive diagnosis of GBS in the index case was not confirmed. All other reservists demonstrated normal exam findings and laboratory investigations. VAERS reports following vaccination from the same MIV lot revealed no consistent pattern. Our survey of factors contributing to the cluster was returned by 55 reservists (response rate 28%). AEs following MIV were significantly more often reported by female and black reservists. There was a tendency for concern about the safety of the 2010-2011 seasonal influenza vaccine to be higher for reservists that reported an AE to MIV (p = 0.13) or that sought medical attention for their symptoms (p = 0.08). Conclusions: This cluster represents possible stimulated reporting following receipt of inactivated pandemic 2009 (H1N1) vaccine among service personnel. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McNeil, Michael M.; Arana, Jorge; Stewart, Brock; Tokars, Jerome I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hartshorn, Mary; Hrncir, David] Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Publ Hlth Command, Dept Def, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lamias, Mark; Locke, Michael; Stamper, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Informat Off, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lamias, Mark; Locke, Michael] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Henry] Univ Alabama, Dept Emergency Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP McNeil, MM (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmm2@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 23 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 14 BP 2421 EP 2426 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.072 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AP UT WOS:000302663100004 PM 22310205 ER PT J AU Williams, TL Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Williams, Tracie L. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Simultaneous quantification of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of influenza virus using isotope dilution mass spectrometry SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Mass spectrometry; Influenza; Vaccine; Hemagglutinin; Neuraminidase; Proteins ID SAMPLE PREPARATION; ANTIBODIES; PEPTIDES; ANTIGEN; INHIBITION; INFECTION; DIGESTION; PROTEINS; VACCINE AB Influenza vaccination is the primary method for preventing influenza and its severe complications. Licensed inactivated vaccines for seasonal or pandemic influenza are formulated to contain a preset amount of hemagglutinin (HA), the critical antigen to elicit protection. There is currently no regulatory method that quantifies neuraminidase (NA), the other major membrane-bound protein thought to have protective capability. This is primarily due to the limitations both in sensitivity and in selectivity of current means to quantify these antigens. Current methods to establish the HA concentration of vaccines rely on indirect measurements that are subject to considerable experimental variability. We present a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the absolute quantification of viral proteins in a complex mixture. Through use of an isotope dilution approach, HA and NA from viral subtypes H1N1, H3N2, and B were determined both directly and rapidly. Three peptides of each subtype were used in the analysis of HA to ensure complete digestion of the protein and accuracy of the measurement. This method has been applied to purified virus preparations, to monovalent bulk concentrates, to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines, and even crude allantoic fluid with improved speed, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. Detection of 1 mu g/mL of protein is easily obtained using this method. The sensitivity of the method covers the range expected in vaccine preparations, including adjuvant-based vaccine. This LC/MS/MS approach substantially increases the selectivity, accuracy and precision used to quantify the amount of viral proteins in seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines and reduce the time and effort to deliver influenza vaccines for public health use during the next influenza pandemic. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Williams, Tracie L.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM john.barr@cdc.hhs.gov NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 23 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 14 BP 2475 EP 2482 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.056 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AP UT WOS:000302663100011 PM 22197963 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Schneider, KA Griffing, SM Zhou, ZY Kariuki, S Ter-Kuile, F Shi, YP Slutsker, L Lal, AA Udhayakumar, V Escalante, AA AF McCollum, Andrea M. Schneider, Kristan A. Griffing, Sean M. Zhou, Zhiyong Kariuki, Simon Ter-Kuile, Feiko Shi, Ya Ping Slutsker, Laurence Lal, Altaf A. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Escalante, Ananias A. TI Differences in selective pressure on dhps and dhfr drug resistant mutations in western Kenya SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium; Malaria; Dihydrofolate Reductase; Dihydropterote synthase; Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine; Natural selection; Selective sweep; Drug resistance ID FALCIPARUM DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; MALARIA PARASITES; ANTIMALARIAL RESISTANCE; ARTEMISININ RESISTANCE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; ANTIFOLATE RESISTANCE; POPULATION-GENETICS AB Background: Understanding the origin and spread of mutations associated with drug resistance, especially in the context of combination therapy, will help guide strategies to halt and prevent the emergence of resistance. Unfortunately, studies have assessed these complex processes when resistance is already highly prevalent. Even further, information on the evolutionary dynamics leading to multidrug-resistant parasites is scattered and limited to areas with low or seasonal malaria transmission. This study describes the dynamics of strong selection for mutations conferring resistance against sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), a combination therapy, in western Kenya between 1992 and 1999, just before SP became first-line therapy (1999). Importantly, the study is based on longitudinal data, which allows for a comprehensive analysis that contrasts with previous cross-sectional studies carried out in other endemic regions. Methods: This study used 236 blood samples collected between 1992 and 1999 in the Asembo Bay area of Kenya. Pyrosequencing was used to determine the alleles of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropterote synthase (dhps) genes. Microsatellite alleles spanning 138 kb around dhfr and dhps, as well as, neutral markers spanning approximately 100 kb on chromosomes 2 and 3 were characterized. Results: By 1992, the South-Asian dhfr triple mutant was already spreading, albeit in low frequency, in this holoendemic Kenyan population, prior to the use of SP as a first-line therapy. Additionally, dhfr triple mutant alleles that originated independently from the predominant Southeast Asian lineage were present in the sample set. Likewise, dhps double mutants were already present as early as 1992. There is evidence for soft selective sweeps of two dhfr mutant alleles and the possible emergence of a selective sweep of double mutant dhps alleles between 1992 and 1997. The longitudinal structure of the dataset allowed estimation of selection pressures on various dhfr and dhps mutants relative to each other based on a theoretical model tailored to P. falciparum. The data indicate that drug selection acted differently on the resistant alleles of dhfr and dhps, as evidenced by fitness differences. Thus a combination drug therapy such as SP, by itself, does not appear to select for "multidrug"-resistant parasites in areas with high recombination rate. Conclusions: The complexity of these observations emphasizes the importance of population-based studies to evaluate the effects of strong drug selection on Plasmodium falciparum populations. C1 [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.; Griffing, Sean M.] Emory Univ, Program Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.; Griffing, Sean M.; Zhou, Zhiyong; Shi, Ya Ping; Slutsker, Laurence; Lal, Altaf A.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.; Zhou, Zhiyong] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schneider, Kristan A.] Univ Vienna, Dept Math, Vienna, Austria. [Kariuki, Simon] Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Ter-Kuile, Feiko] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Escalante, AA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Ananias.Escalante@asu.edu OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (Atlanta, GA); US National Institute of Health [R01GM084320]; National Science Foundation FX Financial support from the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group and support from the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (Atlanta, GA) are appreciated. AE and KS are supported by the grant R01GM084320 from the US National Institute of Health. SMG was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. We thank the CDC Biotechnology Core Facility for the use the PSQ MA96 system for pyrosequencing. This paper is published with the permission of KEMRI Director. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAR 22 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 77 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-77 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 933IO UT WOS:000303354300001 PM 22439637 ER PT J AU Gouw, SC van den Berg, HM Oldenburg, J Astermark, J de Groot, PG Margaglione, M Thompson, AR van Heerde, W Boekhorst, J Miller, CH le Cessie, S van der Bom, JG AF Gouw, Samantha C. van den Berg, H. Marijke Oldenburg, Johannes Astermark, Jan de Groot, Philip G. Margaglione, Maurizio Thompson, Arthur R. van Heerde, Waander Boekhorst, Jorien Miller, Connie H. le Cessie, Saskia van der Bom, Johanna G. TI F8 gene mutation type and inhibitor development in patients with severe hemophilia A: systematic review and meta-analysis SO BLOOD LA English DT Review ID FACTOR-VIII GENE; PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED PATIENTS; RECOMBINANT FACTOR-VIII; NIJMEGEN MODIFICATION; CAUSATIVE MUTATIONS; CLINICAL PHENOTYPE; BETHESDA ASSAY; MULTIPLEX PCR; C INHIBITORS; SPARSE DATA AB This systematic review was designed to provide more precise effect estimates of inhibitor development for the various types of F8 gene mutations in patients with severe hemophilia A. The primary outcome was inhibitor development and the secondary outcome was high-titer-inhibitor development. Asystematic literature search was performed to include cohort studies published in peer-reviewed journals with data on inhibitor incidences in the various F8 gene mutation types and a mutation detection rate of at least 80%. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) of inhibitor development for different types of F8 gene mutations were calculated with intron 22 inversion as the reference. Data were included from 30 studies on 5383 patients, including 1029 inhibitor patients. The inhibitor risk in large deletions and nonsense mutations was higher than in intron 22 inversions (pooled OR = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.3-5.7 and OR = 1.4, 95% CI, 1.1-1.8, respectively), the risk in intron 1 inversions and splice-site mutations was equal (pooled OR = 0.9; 95% CI, 0.6-1.5 and OR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.5), and the risk in small deletions/insertions and missense mutations was lower (pooled OR = 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4-0.6 and OR = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2-0.4, respectively). The relative risks for developing high titer inhibitors were similar. (Blood. 2012;119(12):2922-2934) C1 [Gouw, Samantha C.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, NL-3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Gouw, Samantha C.; van den Berg, H. Marijke; de Groot, Philip G.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp, Dept Clin Chem & Hematol, NL-3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Oldenburg, Johannes] Univ Clin Bonn, Inst Expt Hematol & Transfus Med, Bonn, Germany. [Astermark, Jan] Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Coagulat Disorders, Malmo, Sweden. [Margaglione, Maurizio] Univ Foggia, Foggia, Italy. [Thompson, Arthur R.] Puget Sound Blood Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Thompson, Arthur R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [van Heerde, Waander; Boekhorst, Jorien] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Cent Hematol Lab, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Miller, Connie H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [le Cessie, Saskia] Leiden Univ, Dept Med Stat, Med Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [le Cessie, Saskia; van der Bom, Johanna G.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van der Bom, Johanna G.] Jon J von Rood Ctr Clin Transfus Res, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Gouw, SC (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Wilhelmina Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Rm KE 04-133-1,POB 85090, NL-3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands. EM s.c.gouw@umcutrecht.nl OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973; MARGAGLIONE, MAURIZIO/0000-0001-5627-9221 FU ZLB Behring; Novo Nordisk; Wyeth; Baxter; Bayer; Bayer Schering Pharma FX S.C.G. and H.M.v.d.B. have reported receiving unrestricted research support from ZLB Behring, Novo Nordisk, Wyeth, Baxter, and Bayer. J.G.v.d.B. has received unrestricted research/educational funding for various projects from Bayer Schering Pharma, Baxter, ZLB Behring, Novo Nordisk, and Wyeth; has been a consultant to Baxter and Wyeth; and has been a teacher in the educational activities of Bayer Schering Pharma. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests. NR 68 TC 109 Z9 116 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAR 22 PY 2012 VL 119 IS 12 BP 2922 EP 2934 DI 10.1182/blood-2011-09-379453 PG 13 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 916RU UT WOS:000302121700030 PM 22282501 ER PT J AU Williams, WW Lu, PJ Singleton, JA Bridges, CB Wortley, PM Byrd, KK Markowitz, LE AF Williams, Walter W. Lu, Peng-Jun Singleton, James A. Bridges, Carolyn B. Wortley, Pascale M. Byrd, Kathy K. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Adult Vaccination Coverage-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from vol 61, pg 66-72, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Williams, Walter W.; Lu, Peng-Jun; Singleton, James A.; Bridges, Carolyn B.; Wortley, Pascale M.] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Byrd, Kathy K.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Williams, WW (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM www1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 21 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 11 BP 1130 EP 1133 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 911HN UT WOS:000301708000008 ER PT J AU Perry, RT Dabbagh, AJ Gacic-Dobo, M Liu, JL Simons, EA Featherstone, DA Strebel, PM Okwo-Bele, JM Goodson, JL AF Perry, Robert T. Dabbagh, Alya J. Gacic-Dobo, Marta Liu, Jodi L. Simons, Emily A. Featherstone, David A. Strebel, Peter M. Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie Goodson, James L. TI Progress in Global Measles Control, 2000-2010 (Reprinted from vol 61, pg 73-78, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID MORTALITY; REDUCTION C1 [Goodson, James L.] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perry, Robert T.; Dabbagh, Alya J.; Gacic-Dobo, Marta; Liu, Jodi L.; Simons, Emily A.; Featherstone, David A.; Strebel, Peter M.; Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Perry, Robert T.; Dabbagh, Alya J.; Gacic-Dobo, Marta; Liu, Jodi L.; Simons, Emily A.; Featherstone, David A.; Strebel, Peter M.; Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgoodson@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 21 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 11 BP 1133 EP 1136 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 911HN UT WOS:000301708000009 ER PT J AU Mirabelli, MC London, SJ Charles, LE Pompeii, LA Wagenknecht, LE AF Mirabelli, Maria C. London, Stephanie J. Charles, Luenda E. Pompeii, Lisa A. Wagenknecht, Lynne E. TI Occupation and three-year incidence of respiratory symptoms and lung function decline: the ARIC Study SO RESPIRATORY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ARIC study; epidemiology; occupation; respiratory tract disease ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK; ONSET ASTHMA; POPULATION; EXPOSURE; ADULTS; STATEMENT; BURDEN; HEALTH AB Background: Specific occupations are associated with adverse respiratory health. Inhalation exposures encountered in these jobs may place workers at risk of new-onset respiratory disease. Methods: We analyzed data from 8,967 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, a longitudinal cohort study. Participants included in this analysis were free of chronic cough and phlegm, wheezing, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other chronic lung conditions at the baseline examination, when they were aged 45-64 years. Using data collected in the baseline and first follow-up examination, we evaluated associations between occupation and the three-year incidence of cough, phlegm, wheezing, and airway obstruction and changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured by spirometry. All associations were adjusted for age, cigarettes per day, race, smoking status, and study center. Results: During the approximately three-year follow-up, the percentage of participants developing chronic cough was 3%; chronic phlegm, 3%; wheezing, 3%; and airway obstruction, defined as FEV1 < lower limit of normal (LLN) and FEV1/FVC < LLN, 2%. The average annual declines in FEV1 and FVC were 56 mL and 66 mL, respectively, among men and 40 mL and 52 mL, respectively, among women. Relative to a referent category of managerial and administrative support occupations, elevated risks of new-onset chronic cough and chronic phlegm were observed for mechanics and repairers (chronic cough: RR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.21; chronic phlegm: RR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.57) and cleaning and building service workers (chronic cough: RR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.37; chronic phlegm: RR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.27, 4.08). Despite the elevated risk of new-onset symptoms, employment in cleaning and building services was associated with attenuated lung function decline, particularly among men, who averaged annual declines in FEV1 and FVC of 14 mL and 23 mL, respectively, less than the declines observed in the referent population. Conclusions: Employment in mechanic and repair jobs and cleaning and building service occupations are associated with increased incidence of respiratory symptoms. Specific occupations affect the respiratory health of adults without pre-existing respiratory health symptoms and conditions, though long-term health consequences of inhalation exposures in these jobs remain largely unexplored. C1 [Mirabelli, Maria C.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC USA. [London, Stephanie J.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Charles, Luenda E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. [Pompeii, Lisa A.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Wagenknecht, Lynne E.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Mirabelli, MC (reprint author), Wake Forest Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC USA. EM mmirabel@wakehealth.edu OI Mirabelli, Maria/0000-0002-3540-0085; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Intramural NIH HHS; PHS HHS [HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN268201100012C] NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-993X J9 RESP RES JI Respir. Res. PD MAR 20 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 24 DI 10.1186/1465-9921-13-24 PG 9 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 942PP UT WOS:000304058600001 PM 22433119 ER PT J AU Albert, SM Nowalk, MP Yonas, MA Zimmerman, RK Ahmed, F AF Albert, Steven M. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Yonas, Michael A. Zimmerman, Richard K. Ahmed, Faruque TI Standing orders for influenza and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination: Correlates identified in a national survey of U.S. Primary care physicians SO BMC FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Adult immunizations; Influenza vaccine; Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine; Standing orders ID MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; ADULT IMMUNIZATION; PREGNANT-WOMEN; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; PEOPLE; RATES AB Background: Standing orders programs (SOPs) allow non-physician medical staff to assess eligibility and administer vaccines without a specific physician's order. SOPs increase vaccination rates but are underutilized. Method: In 2009, correlates of SOPs use for influenza vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPV) were assessed in a nationally representative, stratified random sample of U. S. physicians (n = 880) in family and internal medicine who provided office immunization. The response rate was 67%. Physicians reporting no SOPs, only influenza SOPs, and joint influenza and PPV SOPs were compared using multinomial and logistic regression models to examine individual and practice-level correlates. Results: 23% reported using SOPs consistently for both influenza vaccine and PPV, and 20% for influenza vaccination only, with the remainder not using SOPs. Practice-level factors that distinguished practices with joint influenza-PPV SOPs included perceived practice openness to change, strong practice teamwork, access to an electronic medical record, presence of an immunization champion in the practice, and access to nurse/physician assistant staff as opposed to medical assistants alone. Discussion: Physicians in practices with SOPs for both vaccines reported greater awareness of ACIP recommendations and/or Medicare regulations and were more likely to agree that SOPs are an effective way to boost vaccination coverage. However, implementation of both influenza and PPV SOPs was also associated with a variety of practice-level factors, including teamwork, the presence of an immunization champion, and greater availability of clinical assistants with advanced training. Conclusions: Practice-level factors are critical for the adoption of more complex SOPs, such as joint SOPs for influenza and PPV. C1 [Albert, Steven M.; Yonas, Michael A.; Zimmerman, Richard K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav & Community Hlth Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Yonas, Michael A.; Zimmerman, Richard K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Clin Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Albert, SM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav & Community Hlth Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM smalbert@pitt.edu OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092; Albert, Steven/0000-0001-6786-9956 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [5 U50 CD300-860-21]; Medimmune, Inc.; Merck, Inc.; Sanofi FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research, Grant No. 5 U50 CD300-860-21. Its contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the CDC or the APTR.; At the time of data analyses, Drs. Zimmerman and Nowalk had research funding and consultancy with Medimmune, Inc., and research funding from Merck, Inc., about HPV vaccine. Dr. Zimmerman also had research funding from Sanofi. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2296 J9 BMC FAM PRACT JI BMC Fam. Pract. PD MAR 20 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 22 DI 10.1186/1471-2296-13-22 PG 10 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 924UK UT WOS:000302716600001 PM 22433118 ER PT J AU Senanayake, SN Paparini, A Latimer, M Andriolo, K Dasilva, AJ Wilson, H Xayavong, MV Collignon, PJ Jeans, P Irwin, PJ AF Senanayake, Sanjaya N. Paparini, Andrea Latimer, Maya Andriolo, Kerrie Dasilva, Alexandre J. Wilson, Heather Xayavong, Maniphet V. Collignon, Peter J. Jeans, Phillip Irwin, Peter J. TI First report of human babesiosis in Australia SO MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Editorial Material ID MICROTI C1 [Senanayake, Sanjaya N.; Collignon, Peter J.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Latimer, Maya; Andriolo, Kerrie] Canberra Hosp, Dept Haematol, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Paparini, Andrea; Irwin, Peter J.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. [Dasilva, Alexandre J.; Xayavong, Maniphet V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jeans, Phillip] Canberra Hosp, Dept Surg, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Senanayake, SN (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM sanjaya.senanayake@act.gov.au OI Irwin, Peter/0000-0002-0006-8262 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AUSTRALASIAN MED PUBL CO LTD PI PYRMONT PA LEVEL 2, 26-32 PYRMONT BRIDGE RD, PYRMONT, NSW 2009, AUSTRALIA SN 0025-729X J9 MED J AUSTRALIA JI Med. J. Aust. PD MAR 19 PY 2012 VL 196 IS 5 BP 350 EP 352 DI 10.5694/mja11.11378 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 916FH UT WOS:000302084200036 PM 22432676 ER PT J AU Wagner, BG Garcia-Lerma, JG Blower, S AF Wagner, Bradley G. Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo Blower, Sally TI Factors limiting the transmission of HIV mutations conferring drug resistance: fitness costs and genetic bottlenecks SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; NATURAL-HISTORY; INFECTION; COMPLEX; SURVEILLANCE; SWITZERLAND; SENSITIVITY; PREVALENCE; VARIANTS; DYNAMICS AB Transmission of HIV strains with drug-resistance mutations (DRMs) causes public health problems in resource-rich countries. We use a stochastic model, with data from viral competition experiments, to analyze the effect of fitness costs (FCs) and genetic bottlenecks on limiting transmission of 10 clinically significant DRMs. Transmission ofDRMs with low FCs (similar to 0.2%) is similar to wild-type; transmission chains last,8 generations causing clusters of similar to 60 infected individuals. Genetic bottlenecks substantially limit transmission of DRMs with moderately high FCs (similar to 0.6%); chains last, 1-3 generations with transmission clusters of 2-7. Transmission of DRMs with extremely high FCs (>6%) only occurs from similar to 5% of index cases. DRMs can revert to wild-type and remain as minority strains, within treatment-naive individuals, undetectable by current resistance assays. We calculate, based on assay sensitivity, the length of time each DRM is detectable within individuals. Taken together, our results imply a hidden epidemic of transmitted resistance may exist. C1 [Wagner, Bradley G.; Blower, Sally] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Ctr Biomed Modeling, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blower, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Ctr Biomed Modeling, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM sblower@mednet.ucla.edu RI Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011 OI Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813 FU NIAID/NIH [RO1 AI041935]; Keck Foundation; John Simon Guggenheim Foundation FX We would like to thank Mike McCune (UCSF) and James S. Kahn (UCSF) for their helpful insights. We are grateful to NIAID/NIH (RO1 AI041935) (SB and BGW), the Keck Foundation (SB, and BGW) and the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation (SB) for financial support. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 19 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 320 DI 10.1038/srep00320 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 912DP UT WOS:000301775200002 PM 22432052 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR De Cock, KM AF Frieden, Thomas R. De Cock, Kevin M. TI The CDC's Center for Global Health SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROGRESS; TRANSMISSION; MORTALITY C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.; De Cock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfrieden@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 17 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9820 BP 986 EP 988 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60370-5 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 911JE UT WOS:000301712300012 PM 22417407 ER PT J AU Davey, G Bockarie, M Wanji, S Addiss, D Fuller, C Fox, L Mycoskie, M Gruin, M Tsegaye, A Ayele, FT Newport, M AF Davey, Gail Bockarie, Moses Wanji, Samuel Addiss, David Fuller, Claire Fox, LeAnne Mycoskie, Mike Gruin, Mark Tsegaye, Aster Ayele, Fasil Tekola Newport, Melanie TI Launch of the International Podoconiosis Initiative SO LANCET LA English DT Letter ID SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA C1 [Davey, Gail; Newport, Melanie] Univ Sussex, Brighton & Sussex Med Sch, Brighton BN1 9PS, E Sussex, England. [Bockarie, Moses] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Wanji, Samuel] Res Fdn Trop Dis & Environm, Buea, Cameroon. [Addiss, David] Children Worms, Decatur, GA USA. [Fuller, Claire] Int Fdn Dermatol, London, England. [Fox, LeAnne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mycoskie, Mike] TOMS Shoes Inc, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Gruin, Mark] Int Orthodox Christian Char, Baltimore, MD USA. [Tsegaye, Aster] Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Ayele, Fasil Tekola] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Davey, G (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Brighton & Sussex Med Sch, Brighton BN1 9PS, E Sussex, England. EM g.davey@bsms.ac.uk OI Davey, Gail/0000-0003-2796-7468 FU Medical Research Council [G1001337, MR/J008621/1] NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 17 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9820 BP 1004 EP 1004 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 911JE UT WOS:000301712300027 PM 22423883 ER PT J AU Palipudi, KM Gupta, PC Sinha, DN Andes, LJ Asma, S McAfee, T AF Palipudi, Krishna M. Gupta, Prakash C. Sinha, Dhirendra N. Andes, Linda J. Asma, Samira McAfee, Tim CA GATS Collaborative Grp TI Social Determinants of Health and Tobacco Use in Thirteen Low and Middle Income Countries: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INDIA; SMOKING; MUMBAI; WOMEN; DISPARITIES; STILLBIRTH; COHORT; GENDER; DEATH; RISK AB Background: Tobacco use has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity. The objective of this study is to examine the role of social determinants on current tobacco use in thirteen low-and-middle income countries. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used nationally representative data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted during 2008-2010 in 13 low-and-middle income countries: Bangladesh, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Viet Nam. These surveys provided information on 209,027 respondent's aged 15 years and above and the country datasets were analyzed individually for estimating current tobacco use across various socio-demographic factors (gender, age, place of residence, education, wealth index, and knowledge on harmful effects of smoking). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to predict the impact of these determinants on current tobacco use status. Current tobacco use was defined as current smoking or use of smokeless tobacco, either daily or occasionally. Former smokers were excluded from the analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for current tobacco use after controlling other cofactors, was significantly higher for males across all countries and for urban areas in eight of the 13 countries. For educational level, the trend was significant in Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Philippines and Thailand demonstrating decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing levels of education. For wealth index, the trend of decreasing prevalence of tobacco use with increasing wealth was significant for Bangladesh, India, Philippines, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Viet Nam. The trend of decreasing prevalence with increasing levels of knowledge on harmful effects of smoking was significant in China, India, Philippines, Poland, Russian Federation, Thailand, Ukraine and Viet Nam. Conclusions/Significance: These findings demonstrate a significant but varied role of social determinants on current tobacco use within and across countries. C1 [Palipudi, Krishna M.; Andes, Linda J.; Asma, Samira; McAfee, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gupta, Prakash C.] Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] WHO, SE Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. RP Palipudi, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kpalipudi@cdc.gov RI Andreeva, Tatiana/G-6306-2010 OI Andreeva, Tatiana/0000-0001-5663-6225 FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Funding for the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is provided by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies. Government of India contributed to GATS implementation in India. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation provided additional funding for GATS implementation in China. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 13 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 16 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e33466 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0033466 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 932RV UT WOS:000303309100050 PM 22438937 ER PT J AU Manivannan, B Jordan, TW Secor, WE La Flamme, AC AF Manivannan, Bhagyashree Jordan, T. William Secor, W. Evan La Flamme, Anne Camille TI Proteomic changes at 8 weeks after infection are associated with chronic liver pathology in experimental schistosomiasis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Schistosomiasis; Hepatosplenic; Liver fibrosis; 2D-DIGE; Proteomics; MALDI-TOF/TOF ID PROTEIN EXPRESSION; MANSONI INFECTIONS; MICE AB Chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection can present as a moderate or severe disease, termed intestinal or hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, respectively. Similarly, either moderate splenomegaly or hypersplenomegaly syndrome develops in CBA/J mice by 20 weeks of infection and is similar to intestinal or hepatosplenic schistosomiasis respectively. Using this mouse model and two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis, the liver proteomic signatures of uninfected mice and mice infected for 6, 8, 12, or 20 weeks were compared, and significant protein spots identified using mass spectrometry. We found the greatest number of changes at 12 weeks suggesting that this period represents the peak time of change. Pathway analysis identified specific proteins and pathways that correlated to the pathological changes indicative of severe disease, and these pathways were involved as early as 8 weeks after infection. These findings provide insight into the development of severe liver pathology in schistosomiasis and may aid in developing biomarkers for hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Manivannan, Bhagyashree; Jordan, T. William; La Flamme, Anne Camille] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Manivannan, Bhagyashree; Jordan, T. William; La Flamme, Anne Camille] Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Biodiscovery, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30340 USA. RP La Flamme, AC (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. EM anne.laflamme@vuw.ac.nz FU Victoria University of Wellington [26251//1496]; Wellington Medical Research Foundation [2008/152] FX This work was supported by funds from the Victoria University of Wellington Research Fund [26251//1496] and Wellington Medical Research Foundation [2008/152]. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD MAR 16 PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1838 EP 1848 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.12.025 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 915PA UT WOS:000302038700014 PM 22245420 ER PT J AU West, R Whitmon, J Williamson, YM Moura, H Nelson, M Melnick, N Tondella, MLC Schieltz, D Rees, J Woolfitt, AR Barr, JR Ades, EW Carlone, GM Sampson, JS AF West, Rolieria Whitmon, Jennifer Williamson, Yulanda M. Moura, Hercules Nelson, Marguerite Melnick, Nikkol Tondella, Maria Lucia C. Schieltz, David Rees, Jon Woolfitt, Adrian R. Barr, John R. Ades, Edwin W. Carlone, George M. Sampson, Jacquelyn S. TI A rapid method for capture and identification of immunogenic proteins in Bordetella pertussis enriched membranes fractions: A fast-track strategy applicable to other microorganisms SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pertussis; Immunoprecipitation; Immunoproteomics ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VACCINE; QUANTIFICATION; BEADS; SERUM AB Mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with 1-D and 2-D electrophoresis can be utilized to detect and identify immunogenic proteins, but these methods are laborious and time-consuming. We describe an alternative, simple, rapid gel-free strategy to identify multiple immunogenic proteins from Bordetella pertussis (Bp). It couples immunoprecipitation to nano liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (IP-nLC-MS/MS) and is significantly both time- and labor-saving. We developed a gel-free magnetic bead-based immunoprecipitation (IP) method using different NP-40/PBS concentrations in which solubilized proteins of Bp Tohama I membrane fractions were precipitated with polyclonal rabbit anti-Bp whole cell immune sera. Immune complexes were analyzed by MS and Scaffold analysis (>95% protein identification probability). Total immunoproteins identified were 50, 63 and 49 for 0.90%, 0.45% and 0.22% NP-40/PBS buffer concentrations respectively. Known Bp proteins identified included pertactin, serotype 2 fimbrial subunit and filamentous hemagglutinin. As proof of concept that this gel-free protein immunoprecipitation method enabled the capture of multiple immunogenic proteins, IP samples were also analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Bypassing gels and subjecting immunoprecipitated proteins directly to MS is a simple and rapid antigen identification method with relatively high throughput. IP-nLC-MS/MS provides a novel alternative approach for current methods used for the identification of immunogenic proteins. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [West, Rolieria; Whitmon, Jennifer; Moura, Hercules; Nelson, Marguerite; Melnick, Nikkol; Tondella, Maria Lucia C.; Ades, Edwin W.; Carlone, George M.; Sampson, Jacquelyn S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williamson, Yulanda M.; Schieltz, David; Rees, Jon; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Sampson, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jas5@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 EI 1876-7737 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD MAR 16 PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1966 EP 1972 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.12.034 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 915PA UT WOS:000302038700024 PM 22245551 ER PT J AU McCune, S Arriola, CS Gilman, RH Romero, MA Ayvar, V Cama, VA Montgomery, JM Gonzales, AE Bayer, AM AF McCune, Sarah Arriola, Carmen S. Gilman, Robert H. Romero, Martin A. Ayvar, Viterbo Cama, Vitaliano A. Montgomery, Joel M. Gonzales, Armando E. Bayer, Angela M. TI Interspecies interactions and potential Influenza A virus risk in small swine farms in Peru SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; WILD BIRDS; GENETIC REASSORTMENT; PIGS; H3N2; ORIGIN; TRANSMISSION; POULTRY; HUMANS; H5N1 AB Background: The recent avian influenza epidemic in Asia and the H1N1 pandemic demonstrated that influenza A viruses pose a threat to global public health. The animal origins of the viruses confirmed the potential for interspecies transmission. Swine are hypothesized to be prime "mixing vessels" due to the dual receptivity of their trachea to human and avian strains. Additionally, avian and human influenza viruses have previously been isolated in swine. Therefore, understanding interspecies contact on smallholder swine farms and its potential role in the transmission of pathogens such as influenza virus is very important. Methods: This qualitative study aimed to determine swine-associated interspecies contacts in two coastal areas of Peru. Direct observations were conducted at both small-scale confined and low-investment swine farms (n = 36) and in open areas where swine freely range during the day (n = 4). Interviews were also conducted with key stakeholders in swine farming. Results: In both locations, the intermingling of swine and domestic birds was common. An unexpected contact with avian species was that swine were fed poultry mortality in 6/20 of the farms in Chancay. Human-swine contacts were common, with a higher frequency on the confined farms. Mixed farming of swine with chickens or ducks was observed in 36% of all farms. Human-avian interactions were less frequent overall. Use of adequate biosecurity and hygiene practices by farmers was suboptimal at both locations. Conclusions: Close human-animal interaction, frequent interspecies contacts and suboptimal biosecurity and hygiene practices pose significant risks of interspecies influenza virus transmission. Farmers in small-scale swine production systems constitute a high-risk population and need to be recognized as key in preventing interspecies pathogen transfer. A two-pronged prevention approach, which offers educational activities for swine farmers about sound hygiene and biosecurity practices and guidelines and education for poultry farmers about alternative approaches for processing poultry mortality, is recommended. Virological and serological surveillance for influenza viruses will also be critical for these human and animal populations. C1 [McCune, Sarah; Gilman, Robert H.; Romero, Martin A.; Bayer, Angela M.] Asociac Benef Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. [Arriola, Carmen S.; Gonzales, Armando E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Fac Med Vet, Lima 14, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gilman, Robert H.; Bayer, Angela M.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Salud Publ & Adm, Lima, Peru. [Ayvar, Viterbo] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Ctr Global Hlth, Tumbes, Peru. [Cama, Vitaliano A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montgomery, Joel M.] Naval Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Bayer, Angela M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Bayer, AM (reprint author), Asociac Benef Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. EM angelabayerx@gmail.com FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [23981]; NIH/NSF from the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health [3R01-TW005869]; Fogarty International Center [(D43-TW001140)002E] FX Thank you to all of the study participants for allowing us to observe their daily lives and for sharing their opinions on swine farming in Peru. Thanks also to Juana Veramendi and Maria Alvarez, who were instrumental in locating participants and assisting with fieldwork. The authors are especially grateful to Dr. Elli Leontsini and Gabrielle Hunter of John Hopkins University for their valuable input on swine farming. Fieldwork in Tumbes was supported in part by funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (23981), the NIH/NSF "Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases" award from the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (3R01-TW005869), and a Training grant from the Fogarty International Center (D43-TW001140)002E NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 58 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-12-58 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 951HK UT WOS:000304711300001 PM 22420542 ER PT J AU Davis, WG Bowzard, JB Sharma, SD Wiens, ME Ranjan, P Gangappa, S Stuchlik, O Pohl, J Donis, RO Katz, JM Cameron, CE Fujita, T Sambhara, S AF Davis, William G. Bowzard, J. Bradford Sharma, Suresh D. Wiens, Mayim E. Ranjan, Priya Gangappa, Shivaprakash Stuchlik, Olga Pohl, Jan Donis, Ruben O. Katz, Jacqueline M. Cameron, Craig E. Fujita, Takashi Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI The 3 ' Untranslated Regions of Influenza Genomic Sequences Are 5 ' PPP-Independent Ligands for RIG-I SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INNATE IMMUNITY; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; RECOGNITION; ACTIVATION; HELICASE; VIRUSES; DOMAIN; SENSOR; DNA AB Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a key regulator of antiviral immunity. RIG-I is generally thought to be activated by ssRNA species containing a 5'-triphosphate (PPP) group or by unphosphorylated dsRNA up to similar to 300 bp in length. However, it is not yet clear how changes in the length, nucleotide sequence, secondary structure, and 5' end modification affect the abilities of these ligands to bind and activate RIG-I. To further investigate these parameters in the context of naturally occurring ligands, we examined RNA sequences derived from the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTR) of the influenza virus NS1 gene segment. As expected, RIG-I-dependent interferon-beta (IFN-beta) induction by sequences from the 5' UTR of the influenza cRNA or its complement (26 nt in length) required the presence of a 5'PPP group. In contrast, activation of RIG-I by the 3' UTR cRNA sequence or its complement (172 nt) exhibited only a partial 5'PPP-dependence, as capping the 5' end or treatment with CIP showed a modest reduction in RIG-I activation. Furthermore, induction of IFN-b by a smaller, U/A-rich region within the 3' UTR was completely 5'PPP-independent. Our findings demonstrated that RNA sequence, length, and secondary structure all contributed to whether or not the 5'PPP moiety is needed for interferon induction by RIG-I. C1 [Davis, William G.; Bowzard, J. Bradford; Wiens, Mayim E.; Ranjan, Priya; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Donis, Ruben O.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sharma, Suresh D.; Cameron, Craig E.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stuchlik, Olga; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. RP Davis, WG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tfujita@virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp; ssambhara@cdc.gov RI SHARMA, Suresh/C-4431-2008 OI SHARMA, Suresh/0000-0002-8633-4145 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32661 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032661 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 932RU UT WOS:000303309000008 PM 22438882 ER PT J AU Grossi, PA Costa, AN Fehily, D Blumberg, EA Kuehnert, MJ Fishman, JA Ison, MG Lattes, R Kotton, CN Lilleri, D Kabanova, A Lanzavecchia, A Gerna, G Razonable, RR Comoli, P Zecca, M Basso, S Ginevri, F Grossi, A Schena, FP Rimola, A Burra, P De Martin, E Rodriguez-Castro, KI Fagiuoli, S Pasulo, L Bruno, R Andreone, P Loggi, E Arena, F Rossolini, GM Sganga, G Cozza, V AF Grossi, Paolo A. Costa, Alessandro Nanni Fehily, Deirdre Blumberg, Emily A. Kuehnert, Matthew J. Fishman, Jay A. Ison, Michael G. Lattes, Roberta Kotton, Camille N. Lilleri, Daniele Kabanova, Anne Lanzavecchia, Antonio Gerna, Giuseppi Razonable, Raymund R. Comoli, Patrizia Zecca, Marco Basso, Sabrina Ginevri, Fabrizio Grossi, Alessandra Schena, Francesco P. Rimola, Antoni Burra, Patrizia De Martin, Elenora Rodriguez-Castro, Kryssia Isabel Fagiuoli, Stefano Pasulo, Luisa Bruno, Raffaele Andreone, Pietro Loggi, Elisabetta Arena, Fabio Rossolini, Gian Maria Sganga, Gabriele Cozza, Valerio TI Infections and Organ Transplantation: New Challenges for Prevention and Treatment-A Colloquium SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS; CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS; ORTHOTOPIC LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RENAL-ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS C1 [Grossi, Paolo A.] Univ Insubria, Dept Infect Dis, Varese, Italy. [Grossi, Paolo A.] Natl Ctr Transplantat, ISMETT UPMC Palermo, Rome, Italy. [Costa, Alessandro Nanni; Fehily, Deirdre] Italian Natl Transplant Ctr, Rome, Italy. [Blumberg, Emily A.] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Perelman Sch Med,Hosp Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kuehnert, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ison, Michael G.] NW Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ison, Michael G.] Div Organ Transplantat, Chicago, IL USA. [Lattes, Roberta] Inst Nefrol Nephrol, Dept Transplantat, Infect Dis Unit, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Kotton, Camille N.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Infect Dis & Compromised Host Program, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kotton, Camille N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lilleri, Daniele; Gerna, Giuseppi] Fdn IRCCS Policlin San Matteo, Area Trapiantol, Lab Sperimentali Ric, Pavia, Italy. [Kabanova, Anne; Lanzavecchia, Antonio] IRB, Bellinzona, Switzerland. [Razonable, Raymund R.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Rochester, MN USA. [Comoli, Patrizia; Zecca, Marco; Basso, Sabrina] Fdn IRCCS Policlin S Matteo, Pediat Hematol Oncol & Res Labs, Pavia, Italy. [Ginevri, Fabrizio] G Gaslini Inst Children, Dept Nephrol, Clin & Expt Kidney Transplantat Unit, Genoa, Italy. [Grossi, Alessandra] Univ Svizzera Italiana, Fac Commun Sci, ICP, Lugano, Switzerland. [Schena, Francesco P.] Univ Bari, Dept Emergency & Transplantat, Nephrol Dialysis & Transplantat Unit, Bari, Italy. [Rimola, Antoni] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain. [Burra, Patrizia; De Martin, Elenora; Rodriguez-Castro, Kryssia Isabel] Univ Hosp, Gastroenterol Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Dept Surg & Gastroenterol Sci, Padua, Italy. [Fagiuoli, Stefano; Pasulo, Luisa] OO RR, Gastroenterol & Liver Transplant Unit, Bergamo, Italy. [Bruno, Raffaele] Univ Pavia, Dept Infect Dis, IRCCS San Matteo Hosp, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Andreone, Pietro; Loggi, Elisabetta] Univ Bologna, Dept Clin Med, Bologna, Italy. [Arena, Fabio; Rossolini, Gian Maria] Univ Siena, Dept Biotechnol, Microbiol Sect, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Sganga, Gabriele] Catholic Univ, Dept Gen Surg, Div Gen Surg & Organ Transplantat, Rome, Italy. [Cozza, Valerio] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Surg, Rome, Italy. RP Grossi, PA (reprint author), Univ Insubria, Dept Infect Dis, Varese, Italy. EM paolo.grossi@uninsubria.it; blumbere@mail.med.upenn.edu; mgison@northwestern.edu; roberta.lattes@gmail.com; ckotton@partners.org; pcomoli@smatteo.pv.it; fp.schena@nephro.uniba.it; arimola@clinic.ub.es; burra@unipd.it; sfagiuoli@ospedaliriuniti.bergamo.it; pietro.andreone@unibo.it RI GROSSI, PAOLO/A-6158-2013; Schena, Francesco /K-6982-2016; Lilleri, Daniele/K-7776-2016 OI Schena, Francesco /0000-0001-7927-5207; NR 334 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 93 IS 5 SU S BP S4 EP S39 PG 36 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 906FE UT WOS:000301329500002 PM 22374265 ER PT J AU Baron, SL Hein, MJ Lehman, E Gersic, CM AF Baron, Sherry L. Hein, Misty J. Lehman, Everett Gersic, Christine M. TI Body Mass Index, Playing Position, Race, and the Cardiovascular Mortality of Retired Professional Football Players SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; LEAGUE PLAYERS; NFL PLAYERS; OBESITY; HEART; SIZE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; METAANALYSIS; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE AB Concern exists about cardiovascular disease (CVD) in professional football players. We examined whether playing position and size influence CVD mortality in 3,439 National Football League players with >= 5 pension-credited playing seasons from 1959 to 1988. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) compared player mortality through 2007 to the United States population of men stratified by age, race, and calendar year. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated associations of playing-time body mass index (BMI), race, and position with CVD mortality. Overall player mortality was significantly decreased (SMR 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48 to 0.59) as was mortality from cancer (SMR 0.58, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.72), and CVD (SMR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.81). CVD mortality was increased for defensive linemen (SMR 1.42, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.92) but not for offensive linemen (SMR 0.70, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.05). Defensive linemen's cardiomyopathy mortality was also increased (SMR 5.34, 95% CI 2.30 to 10.5). Internal analyses found that CVD mortality was increased for players of non-white race (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.51). After adjusting for age, race, and calendar year, CVD mortality was increased for those with a playing-time BMI >= 30 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio 2.02, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.85) and for defensive linemen compared to offensive linemen (hazard ratio 2.07, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.46). In conclusion, National Football League players from the 1959 through 1988 seasons had decreased overall mortality but those with a playing-time BMI >= 30 kg/m(2) had 2 times the risk of CVD mortality compared to other players and African-American players and defensive linemen had higher CVD mortality compared to other players even after adjusting for playing-time BMI. Published by Elsevier Inc. (Am J Cardiol 2012;109:889-896) C1 [Baron, Sherry L.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hein, Misty J.; Lehman, Everett; Gersic, Christine M.] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Baron, SL (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM SBaron@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 7 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 6 BP 889 EP 896 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.10.050 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 914QV UT WOS:000301967500018 PM 22284915 ER PT J AU Saukkonen, JJ Powell, K Jereb, JA AF Saukkonen, Jussi J. Powell, Krista Jereb, John A. TI Monitoring for Tuberculosis Drug Hepatotoxicity: Moving from Opinion to Evidence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Saukkonen, Jussi J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Pulm, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Powell, Krista; Jereb, John A.] Ctr Dis Control, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Saukkonen, JJ (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Pulm, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 185 IS 6 BP 598 EP 599 DI 10.1164/rccm.201112-2174ED PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 910WP UT WOS:000301674900004 PM 22422902 ER PT J AU Holmberg, SD AF Holmberg, Scott D. TI Hepatitis A Epidemiology Goes Global SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; GREEN ONIONS; OUTBREAK; SEROPREVALENCE; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdh1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 782 EP 783 DI 10.1093/cid/cir945 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899CK UT WOS:000300790900008 PM 22238164 ER PT J AU Vernon, AA Villarino, ME AF Vernon, Andrew A. Villarino, M. Elsa TI Reinfection Redux SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; DISEASE C1 [Vernon, Andrew A.; Villarino, M. Elsa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vernon, AA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM anv3@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 792 EP 793 DI 10.1093/cid/cir947 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899CK UT WOS:000300790900010 PM 22267720 ER PT J AU Baxter, R Lewis, N Bakshi, N Vellozzi, C Klein, NP AF Baxter, Roger Lewis, Ned Bakshi, Nandini Vellozzi, Claudia Klein, Nicola P. CA CISA Network TI Recurrent Guillain-Barre Syndrome Following Vaccination SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING POLYRADICULONEUROPATHY; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; VACCINES; SAFETY; CIDP; RECOMMENDATIONS; POLYNEUROPATHY AB Background. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute polyradiculopathy, thought to be autoimmune, which has been reported following vaccinations. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends not administering influenza vaccine to individuals who have had a history of GBS within 6 weeks of a prior influenza vaccination if they are not at high risk of severe complications from influenza illness. Methods. We identified GBS cases from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California databases from 1995 into 2006 using hospital discharge codes; each medical record was neurologist-reviewed and only GBS-confirmed cases were included for follow-up. We followed confirmed cases through 2008 for vaccinations and recurrent GBS. Results. We identified 550 cases of GBS over 33 million person-years. Following their GBS diagnoses, 989 vaccines were given to 279 of these individuals, including 405 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (TIV) administered to 107 individuals with a prior diagnosis of GBS. Among the 550 total cases of GBS, 18 initially had onset within 6 weeks of TIV; of these, 2 were revaccinated with TIV without a recurrence of GBS. Only 6 individuals of 550 (1.1%) had a second (recurrent) diagnosis of GBS. Among these 6 individuals, none had any vaccine exposure at all in the 2 months prior to the second onset of GBS. Conclusions. In our population of over 3 million members, during an 11-year period, risk of GBS recurrence was low. There were no cases of recurrent GBS after influenza vaccination and none within 6 weeks after any vaccine. C1 [Baxter, Roger; Lewis, Ned; Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Bakshi, Nandini] Permanente Med Grp Inc, Oakland, CA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baxter, R (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM roger.baxter@kp.org FU Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded by the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 800 EP 804 DI 10.1093/cid/cir960 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899CK UT WOS:000300790900012 PM 22267712 ER PT J AU Kemble, SK Lynfield, R DeVries, AS Drehner, DM Pomputius, WF Beach, MJ Visvesvara, GS da Silva, AJ Hill, VR Yoder, JS Xiao, LH Smith, KE Danila, R AF Kemble, Sarah K. Lynfield, Ruth DeVries, Aaron S. Drehner, Dennis M. Pomputius, William F., III Beach, Michael J. Visvesvara, Govinda S. da Silva, Alexandre J. Hill, Vincent R. Yoder, Jonathan S. Xiao, Lihua Smith, Kirk E. Danila, Richard TI Fatal Naegleria fowleri Infection Acquired in Minnesota: Possible Expanded Range of a Deadly Thermophilic Organism SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY AMEBIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. AB Background. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), caused by the free-living ameba Naegleria fowleri, has historically been associated with warm freshwater exposures at lower latitudes of the United States. In August 2010, a Minnesota resident, aged 7 years, died of rapidly progressive meningoencephalitis after local freshwater exposures, with no history of travel outside the state. PAM was suspected on the basis of amebae observed in cerebrospinal fluid. Methods. Water and sediment samples were collected at locations where the patient swam during the 2 weeks preceding illness onset. Patient and environmental samples were tested for N. fowleri with use of culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); isolates were genotyped. Historic local ambient temperature data were obtained. Results. N. fowleri isolated from a specimen of the patient's brain and from water and sediment samples was confirmed using PCR as N. fowleri genotype 3. Surface water temperatures at the times of collection of the positive environmental samples ranged from 22.1 degrees C to 24.5 degrees C. August 2010 average air temperature near the exposure site was 25 degrees C, 3.6 degrees C above normal and the third warmest for August in the Minneapolis area since 1891. Conclusions. This first reported case of PAM acquired in Minnesota occurred 550 miles north of the previously reported northernmost case in the Americas. Clinicians should be aware that N. fowleri-associated PAM can occur in areas at much higher latitude than previously described. Local weather patterns and long-term climate change could impact the frequency of PAM. C1 [Kemble, Sarah K.; Lynfield, Ruth; DeVries, Aaron S.; Smith, Kirk E.; Danila, Richard] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Drehner, Dennis M.; Pomputius, William F., III] Childrens Hosp & Clin Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Kemble, Sarah K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beach, Michael J.; Visvesvara, Govinda S.; Hill, Vincent R.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kemble, SK (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM sarah.kemble@state.mn.us RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U01CI000313] FX This work was supported in part by the Emerging Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (3U01CI000313). The funding source had no involvement in the design, analysis, or writing of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 805 EP 809 DI 10.1093/cid/cir961 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899CK UT WOS:000300790900013 PM 22238170 ER PT J AU Katz, AR Komeya, AY Soge, OO Kiaha, MI Lee, MVC Wasserman, GM Maningas, EV Whelen, AC Kirkcaldy, RD Shapiro, SJ Bolan, GA Holmes, KK AF Katz, Alan R. Komeya, Alan Y. Soge, Olusegun O. Kiaha, Mandy I. Lee, Maria Veneranda C. Wasserman, Glenn M. Maningas, Eloisa V. Whelen, A. Christian Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Shapiro, Steven J. Bolan, Gail A. Holmes, King K. TI Neisseria gonorrhoeae With High-Level Resistance to Azithromycin: Case Report of the First Isolate Identified in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID MACROLIDE RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EMERGENCE; MUTATION; HAWAII; GENES; STRAINS AB We report on the first Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolate in the United States identified with high-level resistance to azithromycin. This report discusses the epidemiologic case investigation, the molecular studies of resistance-associated mutations and N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing, and challenges posed by emerging gonococcal antimicrobial resistance. C1 [Katz, Alan R.; Whelen, A. Christian] Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Katz, Alan R.; Komeya, Alan Y.; Kiaha, Mandy I.; Lee, Maria Veneranda C.; Wasserman, Glenn M.] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Communicable Dis Div, Honolulu, HI USA. [Soge, Olusegun O.; Holmes, King K.] Univ Washington, Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project Reg Lab, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Soge, Olusegun O.; Holmes, King K.] Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STD, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Maningas, Eloisa V.; Whelen, A. Christian] Hawaii Dept Hlth, State Labs Div, Pearl City, HI USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Shapiro, Steven J.; Bolan, Gail A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Katz, AR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Biomed Sci Bldg,Room D104M,1960 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM katz@hawaii.edu FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [PS001411-03]; PHS HHS [PS09-90203CONT11] NR 24 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 841 EP 843 DI 10.1093/cid/cir929 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899CK UT WOS:000300790900018 PM 22184617 ER PT J AU Hughes, HR Crill, WD Davis, BS Chang, GJJ AF Hughes, Holly R. Crill, Wayne D. Davis, Brent S. Chang, Gwong-Jen J. TI A West Nile virus CD4 T cell epitope improves the immunogenicity of dengue virus serotype 2 vaccines SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flavivirus; Vaccine; Adjuvant; Transmembrane domain; T cell epitope ID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; IMMUNE INTERFERENCE; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; PLASMID DNA; INFECTION; RESPONSES; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; IMMUNIZATION AB Flaviviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV), are among the most prevalent human disease-causing arboviruses world-wide. As they continue to expand their geographic range, multivalent flavivirus vaccines may become an important public health tool. Here we describe the immune kinetics of WNV DNA vaccination and the identification of a CD4 epitope that increases heterologous flavivirus vaccine immunogenicity. Lethal WNV challenge two days post-vaccination resulted in 90% protection with complete protection by four days. and was temporally associated with a rapid influx of activated CD4 T cells. CD4 T cells from WNV vaccinated mice could be stimulated from epitopic regions in the envelope protein transmembrane domain. Incorporation of this WNV epitope into DENV-2 DNA and virus-like particle vaccines significantly increased neutralizing antibody titers. Incorporating such potent epitopes into multivalent flavivirus vaccines could improve their immunogenicity and may help alleviate concerns of imbalanced immunity in multivalent vaccine approaches. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hughes, Holly R.; Crill, Wayne D.; Davis, Brent S.; Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, US Dept HHS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Chang, GJJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, US Dept HHS, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gxc7@cdc.gov RI perumal, murugiah/D-1565-2012 NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 424 IS 2 BP 129 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.12.012 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 898OY UT WOS:000300752900005 PM 22244913 ER PT J AU Chen, LM Blixt, O Stevens, J Lipatov, AS Davis, CT Collins, BE Cox, NJ Paulson, JC Donis, RO AF Chen, Li-Mei Blixt, Ola Stevens, James Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Davis, Charles T. Collins, Brian E. Cox, Nancy J. Paulson, James C. Donis, Ruben O. TI In vitro evolution of H5N1 avian influenza virus toward human-type receptor specificity (vol 422, pg 105, 2011) SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Chen, Li-Mei; Stevens, James; Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; Davis, Charles T.; Cox, Nancy J.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blixt, Ola; Collins, Brian E.; Paulson, James C.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Stevens, James] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Blixt, Ola; Collins, Brian E.; Paulson, James C.] Scripps Res Inst, Consortium Funct Glyc, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mailstop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdonis@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 424 IS 2 BP 154 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.12.014 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 898OY UT WOS:000300752900008 ER PT J AU Paddock, CD Liu, L Denison, AM Bartlett, JH Holman, RC DeLeon-Carnes, M Emery, SL Drew, CP Shieh, WJ Uyeki, TM Zaki, SR AF Paddock, Christopher D. Liu, Lindy Denison, Amy M. Bartlett, Jeanine H. Holman, Robert C. DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene Emery, Shannon L. Drew, Clifton P. Shieh, Wun-Ju Uyeki, Timothy M. Zaki, Sherif R. TI Myocardial Injury and Bacterial Pneumonia Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Fatal Influenza B Virus Infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HONG-KONG INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; ASIAN INFLUENZA; A-VIRUS; CHILDREN; DEATHS; MORTALITY; FEATURES AB Background. Influenza B virus infection causes rates of hospitalization and influenza-associated pneumonia similar to seasonal influenza A virus infection and accounts for a substantial percentage of all influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths among those aged < 18 years; however, the pathogenesis of fatal influenza B virus infection is poorly described. Methods. Tissue samples obtained at autopsy from 45 case patients with fatal influenza B virus infection were evaluated by light microscopy and immunohistochemical assays for influenza B virus, various bacterial pathogens, and complement components C4d and C9, to identify the cellular tropism of influenza B virus, characterize concomitant bacterial pneumonia, and describe the spectrum of cardiopulmonary injury. Results. Viral antigens were localized to ciliated respiratory epithelium and cells of submucosal glands and ducts. Concomitant bacterial pneumonia, caused predominantly by Staphylococcus aureus, was identified in 38% of case patients and occurred with significantly greater frequency in those aged > 18 years. Pathologic evidence of myocardial injury was identified in 69% of case patients for whom cardiac tissue samples were available for examination, predominantly in case patients aged < 18 years. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that bacterial pneumonia and cardiac injury contribute to fatal outcomes after infection with influenza B virus and that the frequency of these manifestations may be age related. C1 [Paddock, Christopher D.; Liu, Lindy; Denison, Amy M.; Bartlett, Jeanine H.; DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene; Drew, Clifton P.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Emery, Shannon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Surveillance & Diagnost Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Paddock, CD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Mailstop G-32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdp9@cdc.gov FU United States Department of Health and Human Services FX This work was performed as part of the authors' official duties at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and funded as such by the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NR 50 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 6 BP 895 EP 905 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir861 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 898FU UT WOS:000300724100006 PM 22291193 ER PT J AU Pandey, A Singh, N Vemula, SV Couetil, L Katz, JM Donis, R Sambhara, S Mittal, SK AF Pandey, Aseem Singh, Neetu Vemula, Sai V. Couetil, Laurent Katz, Jacqueline M. Donis, Ruben Sambhara, Suryaprakash Mittal, Suresh K. TI Impact of Preexisting Adenovirus Vector Immunity on Immunogenicity and Protection Conferred with an Adenovirus-Based H5N1 Influenza Vaccine SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; VIRAL-ANTIGENS; MOUSE MODEL; CELL-LINES; MICE; VIRUS; BOVINE; RESPONSES; REPLICATION AB The prevalence of preexisting immunity to adenoviruses in the majority of the human population might adversely impact the development of adaptive immune responses against adenovirus vector-based vaccines. To address this issue, we primed BALB/c mice either intranasally (i.n.) or intramuscularly (i.m.) with varying doses of wild type (WT) human adenovirus subtype 5 (HAd5). Following the development of immunity against HAd5, we immunized animals via the i.n. or i.m. route of inoculation with a HAd vector (HAd-HA-NP) expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) and nucleoprotein (NP) of A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) influenza virus. The immunogenicity and protection results suggest that low levels of vector immunity (<520 virus-neutralization titer) induced by priming mice with up to 10(7) plaque forming units (p.f.u.) of HAd-WT did not adversely impact the protective efficacy of the vaccine. Furthermore, high levels of vector immunity (approximately 1500 virus-neutralization titer) induced by priming mice with 10(8) p.f.u. of HAd-WT were overcome by either increasing the vaccine dose or using alternate routes of vaccination. A further increase in the priming dose to 10(9) p.f.u. allowed only partial protection. These results suggest possible strategies to overcome the variable levels of human immunity against adenoviruses, leading to better utilization of HAd vector-based vaccines. C1 [Pandey, Aseem; Singh, Neetu; Vemula, Sai V.; Mittal, Suresh K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Couetil, Laurent] Purdue Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pandey, Aseem; Singh, Neetu; Vemula, Sai V.; Mittal, Suresh K.] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Katz, Jacqueline M.; Donis, Ruben; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pandey, A (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ssambhara@cdc.gov; mittal@purdue.edu FU Public Health Service from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI059374] FX This work was supported by Public Health Service grant AI059374 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 14 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e33428 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0033428 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 931EO UT WOS:000303198600063 PM 22432020 ER PT J AU Green, M Levin, J Michaels, M Vasbinder, S Voorhees, R Lute, J Dato, V Lurie, P Urdaneta, V Armstrong, G Wallace, G Bellini, W Kutty, P Rota, P Rota, J Lowe, L Stockman, L Lando, J Han, G AF Green, Michael Levin, James Michaels, Marian Vasbinder, Sheila Voorhees, Ronald Lute, James Dato, Virginia Lurie, Perrianne Urdaneta, Veronica Armstrong, Gregory Wallace, Gregory Bellini, William Kutty, Preeta Rota, Paul Rota, Jennifer Lowe, Luis Stockman, Lauren Lando, James Han, George TI Hospital-Associated Measles Outbreak-Pennsylvania, March-April 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 30-32, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Han, George] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Green, Michael; Levin, James; Michaels, Marian; Vasbinder, Sheila] Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Lute, James; Dato, Virginia; Lurie, Perrianne; Urdaneta, Veronica] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. RP Han, G (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ghan@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 14 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 10 BP 1016 EP 1018 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 908GU UT WOS:000301479700008 ER PT J AU Egley, A Logan, JJ McDaniel, D AF Egley, Arlen, Jr. Logan, Justice. J. McDaniel, Dawn TI Gang Homicides-Five U.S. Cities, 2003-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 46-51, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [McDaniel, Dawn] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDaniel, D (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dawn.mcdaniel@cdc.hhs.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 14 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 10 BP 1018 EP 1021 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 908GU UT WOS:000301479700009 ER PT J AU Tong, SX Li, Y Rivailler, P Conrardy, C Castillo, DAA Chen, LM Recuenco, S Ellison, JA Davis, CT York, IA Turmelle, AS Moran, D Rogers, S Shi, M Tao, Y Weil, MR Tang, K Rowe, LA Sammons, S Xu, XY Frace, M Lindblade, KA Cox, NJ Anderson, LJ Rupprecht, CE Donis, RO AF Tong, Suxiang Li, Yan Rivailler, Pierre Conrardy, Christina Alvarez Castillo, Danilo A. Chen, Li-Mei Recuenco, Sergio Ellison, James A. Davis, Charles T. York, Ian A. Turmelle, Amy S. Moran, David Rogers, Shannon Shi, Mang Tao, Ying Weil, Michael R. Tang, Kevin Rowe, Lori A. Sammons, Scott Xu, Xiyan Frace, Michael Lindblade, Kim A. Cox, Nancy J. Anderson, Larry J. Rupprecht, Charles E. Donis, Ruben O. TI A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE evolution; host range; orthomyxoviridae; Chiroptera; Central America ID PANHANDLE STRUCTURE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SARS-LIKE; RNA; ORIGIN; SEQUENCES; CORONAVIRUSES; GENOME; SWINE AB Influenza A virus reservoirs in animals have provided novel genetic elements leading to the emergence of global pandemics in humans. Most influenza A viruses circulate in waterfowl, but those that infect mammalian hosts are thought to pose the greatest risk for zoonotic spread to humans and the generation of pandemic or panzootic viruses. We have identified an influenza A virus from little yellow-shouldered bats captured at two locations in Guatemala. It is significantly divergent from known influenza A viruses. The HA of the bat virus was estimated to have diverged at roughly the same time as the known subtypes of HA and was designated as H17. The neuraminidase (NA) gene is highly divergent from all known influenza NAs, and the internal genes from the bat virus diverged from those of known influenza A viruses before the estimated divergence of the known influenza A internal gene lineages. Attempts to propagate this virus in cell cultures and chicken embryos were unsuccessful, suggesting distinct requirements compared with known influenza viruses. Despite its divergence from known influenza A viruses, the bat virus is compatible for genetic exchange with human influenza viruses in human cells, suggesting the potential capability for reassortment and contributions to new pandemic or panzootic influenza A viruses. C1 [Tong, Suxiang; Li, Yan; Conrardy, Christina; Rogers, Shannon; Shi, Mang; Tao, Ying; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rivailler, Pierre; Chen, Li-Mei; Davis, Charles T.; York, Ian A.; Xu, Xiyan; Cox, Nancy J.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Recuenco, Sergio; Ellison, James A.; Turmelle, Amy S.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tang, Kevin; Rowe, Lori A.; Sammons, Scott; Frace, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weil, Michael R.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Alvarez Castillo, Danilo A.; Moran, David] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. RP Tong, SX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sot1@cdc.gov; cyr5@cdc.gov; orrvd6@cdc.gov RI Ellison, James/C-1402-2013; Shi, Mang/D-5118-2013; OI Ellison, James/0000-0003-4492-4857; York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344; Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX We thank Luis Escobar, Alejandra Estevez, Maria Renee Lopez, Ramon Medrano, Maria E. Morales, and Mar a Luisa Muller from Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala; Julio Martinez from the Guatemala Ministry of Agriculture-Animal Health Department; and Rafael Ciraiz from Guatemala Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance for excellent technical and logistical assistance. We thank Amanda Balish, Thomas Rowe, Wendy Sessions, James Stevens, Taronna Maines, and Angela Yang for preliminary studies; Yunho Jang for technical assistance; and Peter Palese and Erich Hoffmann for plasmids. This study was supported in part by Technical Support Corps funds from the Global Disease Detection Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. NR 28 TC 403 Z9 441 U1 8 U2 101 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 13 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 11 BP 4269 EP 4274 DI 10.1073/pnas.1116200109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 907OH UT WOS:000301426700051 PM 22371588 ER PT J AU Arndt, W Mitnik, C Denzler, KL White, S Waters, R Jacobs, BL Rochon, Y Olson, VA Damon, IK Langland, JO AF Arndt, William Mitnik, Chandra Denzler, Karen L. White, Stacy Waters, Robert Jacobs, Bertram L. Rochon, Yvan Olson, Victoria A. Damon, Inger K. Langland, Jeffrey O. TI In Vitro Characterization of a Nineteenth-Century Therapy for Smallpox SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VACCINIA VIRUS; TERMINAL DOMAINS; INFECTIONS; CIDOFOVIR; MICE; E3L; IDENTIFICATION; INHIBITION; GENE; RNA AB In the nineteenth century, smallpox ravaged through the United States and Canada. At this time, a botanical preparation, derived from the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea, was proclaimed as being a successful therapy for smallpox infections. The work described characterizes the antipoxvirus activity associated with this botanical extract against vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus and variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. Our work demonstrates the in vitro characterization of Sarracenia purpurea as the first effective inhibitor of poxvirus replication at the level of early viral transcription. With the renewed threat of poxvirus-related infections, our results indicate Sarracenia purpurea may act as another defensive measure against Orthopoxvirus infections. C1 [Arndt, William; Mitnik, Chandra; Denzler, Karen L.; White, Stacy; Waters, Robert; Jacobs, Bertram L.; Langland, Jeffrey O.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85069 USA. [Waters, Robert; Rochon, Yvan; Langland, Jeffrey O.] SW Coll Naturopath Med, Dept Naturopath Res, Tempe, AZ USA. [Rochon, Yvan] Herbal Vital Inc, Sedona, AZ USA. [Olson, Victoria A.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arndt, W (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85069 USA. EM Jeffrey.Langland@asu.edu FU Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine FX Grant support from the Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 9 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32610 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032610 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 929KX UT WOS:000303062800024 PM 22427855 ER PT J AU Favorov, M Ali, M Tursunbayeva, A Aitmagambetova, I Kilgore, P Ismailov, S Chorba, T AF Favorov, Michael Ali, Mohammad Tursunbayeva, Aigul Aitmagambetova, Indira Kilgore, Paul Ismailov, Shakhimurat Chorba, Terence TI Comparative Tuberculosis (TB) Prevention Effectiveness in Children of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccines from Different Sources, Kazakhstan SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; VACCINATION; NEWBORN; IMMUNIZATION; METAANALYSIS; TRIAL AB Background: Except during a 1-year period when BCG vaccine was not routinely administered, annual coverage of infants with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in Kazakhstan since 2002 has exceeded 95%. BCG preparations from different sources (Japan, Serbia, and Russia) or none were used exclusively in comparable 7-month time-frames, September through March, in 4 successive years beginning in 2002. Our objective was to assess relative effectiveness of BCG immunization. Methods/Findings: We compared outcomes of birth cohorts from the 4 time-frames retrospectively. Three cohorts received vaccine from one of three manufacturers exclusively, and one cohort was not vaccinated. Cohorts were followed for 3 years for notifications of clinical TB and of culture-confirmed TB, and for 21 months for TB meningitis notifications. Prevention effectiveness based on relative risk of TB incidence was calculated for each vaccinated cohort compared to the non-vaccinated cohort. Although there were differences in prevention effectiveness observed among the three BCG vaccines, all were protective. The Japanese vaccine (currently used in Kazakhstan), the Serbian vaccine, and the Russian vaccine respectively were 69%, 43%, and 22% effective with respect to clinical TB notifications, and 92%, 82%, and 51% effective with respect to culture confirmed TB. All three vaccines were >70% effective with respect to TB meningitis. Limitations: Potential limitations included considerations that 1) the methodology used was retrospective, 2) multiple risk factors could have varied between cohorts and affected prevention effectiveness measures, 3) most cases were clinically diagnosed, and TB culture-positive case numbers and TB meningitis case numbers were sparse, and 4) small variations in reported population TB burden could have affected relative risk of exposure for cohorts. Conclusions/Significance: All three BCG vaccines evaluated were protective against TB, and prevention effectiveness varied by manufacturer. When setting national immunization policy, consideration should be given to prevention effectiveness of BCG preparations. C1 [Favorov, Michael; Ali, Mohammad; Kilgore, Paul] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. [Favorov, Michael; Chorba, Terence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Favorov, Michael; Aitmagambetova, Indira; Chorba, Terence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cent Asia Off, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Tursunbayeva, Aigul; Ismailov, Shakhimurat] Kazakhstan Natl TB Ctr, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. RP Favorov, M (reprint author), Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. EM TLC2@cdc.gov RI Kilgore, Paul/L-1462-2013 OI Kilgore, Paul/0000-0003-3214-4482 FU Government of Kazakhstan (GOK); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency FX The funding sources for this study were the Government of Kazakhstan (GOK), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. Employees of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (an agency of the US Government) and of the Ministry of Health, Government of Kazakhstan, participated in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and/or preparation of the manuscript. Funders USAID and the Swedish Intl Dev Agency had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 9 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32567 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032567 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 929KX UT WOS:000303062800023 PM 22427854 ER PT J AU Ott, JJ Stevens, GA Groeger, J Wiersma, ST AF Ott, J. J. Stevens, G. A. Groeger, J. Wiersma, S. T. TI Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: New estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); Epidemiology; Prevalence; Systematic review; Age distribution; Seroepidemiologic studies; Modeling ID UNITED-STATES; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; DISEASE BURDEN; VACCINATION; EFFICACY; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPES; CHILDREN; TAIWAN; HEALTH AB Objective: Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is one of the most serious infections and a major risk factor for deaths from cirrhosis and liver cancer. We estimate age-, sex- and region-specific prevalence of chronic HBV infection and calculate the absolute number of persons being chronically infected. Methods: A systematic review of the literature for studies reporting HBV infection was conducted and worldwide HBsAg seroprevalence data was collected over a 27-year period (1980-2007). Based on observed data, age-specific prevalence and endemicity were estimated on a global level and for all world regions for 1990 and 2005 using an empirical Bayesian hierarchical model. Findings: From 1990 to 2005, the prevalence of chronic HBV infection decreased in most regions. This was particularly evident in Central sub-Saharan Africa, Tropical and Central Latin America, South East Asia and Central Europe. Despite this decrease in prevalence, the absolute number of HBsAg positive persons increased from 223 million in 1990 to 240 million in 2005. Age-specific prevalence varied by geographical region with highest endemicity levels in sub-Saharan Africa and prevalence below 2% in regions such as Tropical and Central Latin America, North America and Western Europe. Asian regions showed distinct prevalence patterns with lower intermediate prevalence in South Asia, but up to 8.6% HBsAg prevalence in East Asia. Strong declines were seen in South East Asian children. Conclusion: Declines in HBV infection prevalence may be related to expanded immunization. The increasing overall number of individuals being chronically infected with HBV, and the widespread global differences in HBV prevalence call for targeted approaches to tackle HBV-related mortality and morbidity. HBV infection prevalence data are needed at country and sub-national level to estimate disease burden and guide health and vaccine policy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ott, J. J.; Stevens, G. A.; Wiersma, S. T.] World Hlth Org, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Stevens, G. A.; Groeger, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wiersma, ST (reprint author), World Hlth Org, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM wiersmas@who.int FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Viral Hepatitis; World Health Organization; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX We acknowledge the financial support of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Viral Hepatitis, the World Health Organization and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 34 TC 471 Z9 501 U1 7 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 9 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 12 BP 2212 EP 2219 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.116 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AN UT WOS:000302662900031 PM 22273662 ER PT J AU DiOrio, M de Fijter, S Schwartz, M Page, SL Jhung, MA Finelli, L Peacock, G Yeung, LF Honein, MA Moore, CA Azofeifa, A Rodgers, L Graitcer, SE AF DiOrio, Mary de Fijter, Sietske Schwartz, Mindy Page, Shannon L. Jhung, Michael A. Finelli, Lyn Peacock, Georgina Yeung, Lorraine F. Honein, Margaret A. Moore, Cynthia A. Azofeifa, Alejandro Rodgers, Loren Graitcer, Samuel E. TI Severe Influenza Among Children and Young Adults With Neurologic and Neurodevelopmental Conditions-Ohio, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1729-1733, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Azofeifa, Alejandro; Rodgers, Loren; Graitcer, Samuel E.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DiOrio, Mary; de Fijter, Sietske; Schwartz, Mindy; Page, Shannon L.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Jhung, Michael A.; Finelli, Lyn] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Peacock, Georgina; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Honein, Margaret A.; Moore, Cynthia A.] CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabilit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Azofeifa, A (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aazofeifa@cdc.gov; lrodgers@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 7 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 9 BP 905 EP 907 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 904CU UT WOS:000301172100008 ER PT J AU Kanny, D Liu, Y Brewer, RD Garvin, WS Balluz, L AF Kanny, Dafna Liu, Yong Brewer, Robert D. Garvin, William S. Balluz, Lina TI Vital Signs: Binge Drinking Prevalence, Frequency, and Intensity Among Adults-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 14-19, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Kanny, Dafna; Liu, Yong; Brewer, Robert D.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garvin, William S.; Balluz, Lina] CDC, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kanny, D (reprint author), CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkanny@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 7 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 9 BP 908 EP 910 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 904CU UT WOS:000301172100009 ER PT J AU Pearce, MB Jayaraman, A Pappas, C Belser, JA Zeng, H Gustin, KM Maines, TR Sun, XJ Raman, R Cox, NJ Sasisekharan, R Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Pearce, Melissa B. Jayaraman, Akila Pappas, Claudia Belser, Jessica A. Zeng, Hui Gustin, Kortney M. Maines, Taronna R. Sun, Xiangjie Raman, Rahul Cox, Nancy J. Sasisekharan, Ram Katz, Jaqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Pathogenesis and transmission of swine origin A(H3N2)v influenza viruses in ferrets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID A H3N2 VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; H5N1 VIRUSES; RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VIVO; HUMANS; MODEL; INFECTION; H1N1 AB Recent isolation of a novel swine-origin influenza A H3N2 variant virus [A(H3N2)v] from humans in the United States has raised concern over the pandemic potential of these viruses. Here, we analyzed the virulence, transmissibility, and receptor-binding preference of four A(H3N2)v influenza viruses isolated from humans in 2009, 2010, and 2011. High titers of infectious virus were detected in nasal turbinates and nasal wash samples of A(H3N2)v-inoculated ferrets. All four A(H3N2)v viruses possessed the capacity to spread efficiently between cohoused ferrets, and the 2010 and 2011 A(H3N2)v isolates transmitted efficiently to naive ferrets by respiratory droplets. A dose-dependent glycan array analysis of A(H3N2)v showed a predominant binding to alpha 2-6-sialylated glycans, similar to human-adapted influenza A viruses. We further tested the viral replication efficiency of A(H3N2)v viruses in a relevant cell line, Calu-3, derived from human bronchial epithelium. The A(H3N2)v viruses replicated in Calu-3 cells to significantly higher titers compared with five common seasonal H3N2 influenza viruses. These findings suggest that A(H3N2)v viruses have the capacity for efficient replication and transmission in mammals and underscore the need for continued public health surveillance. C1 [Pearce, Melissa B.; Pappas, Claudia; Belser, Jessica A.; Zeng, Hui; Gustin, Kortney M.; Maines, Taronna R.; Sun, Xiangjie; Cox, Nancy J.; Katz, Jaqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jayaraman, Akila; Raman, Rahul; Sasisekharan, Ram] MIT, Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Singapore MIT Alliance Res & Technol, Dept Biol Engn,Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov RI Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863 FU National Institutes of Health [GM 57073]; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (GM 57073) and Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology awarded to R.S. NR 52 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 6 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 10 BP 3944 EP 3949 DI 10.1073/pnas.1119945109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 903LJ UT WOS:000301117700068 PM 22355116 ER PT J AU Giardina, F Gosoniu, L Konate, L Diouf, MB Perry, R Gaye, O Faye, O Vounatsou, P AF Giardina, Federica Gosoniu, Laura Konate, Lassana Diouf, Mame Birame Perry, Robert Gaye, Oumar Faye, Ousmane Vounatsou, Penelope TI Estimating the Burden of Malaria in Senegal: Bayesian Zero-Inflated Binomial Geostatistical Modeling of the MIS 2008 Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VARIABLE SELECTION; RISK; AFRICA; WEST AB The Research Center for Human Development in Dakar (CRDH) with the technical assistance of ICF Macro and the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) conducted in 2008/2009 the Senegal Malaria Indicator Survey (SMIS), the first nationally representative household survey collecting parasitological data and malaria-related indicators. In this paper, we present spatially explicit parasitaemia risk estimates and number of infected children below 5 years. Geostatistical Zero-Inflated Binomial models (ZIB) were developed to take into account the large number of zero-prevalence survey locations (70%) in the data. Bayesian variable selection methods were incorporated within a geostatistical framework in order to choose the best set of environmental and climatic covariates associated with the parasitaemia risk. Model validation confirmed that the ZIB model had a better predictive ability than the standard Binomial analogue. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods were used for inference. Several insecticide treated nets (ITN) coverage indicators were calculated to assess the effectiveness of interventions. After adjusting for climatic and socio-economic factors, the presence of at least one ITN per every two household members and living in urban areas reduced the odds of parasitaemia by 86% and 81% respectively. Posterior estimates of the ORs related to the wealth index show a decreasing trend with the quintiles. Infection odds appear to be increasing with age. The population-adjusted prevalence ranges from 0.12% in Thille-Boubacar to 13.1% in Dabo. Tambacounda has the highest population-adjusted predicted prevalence (8.08%) whereas the region with the highest estimated number of infected children under the age of 5 years is Kolda (13940). The contemporary map and estimates of malaria burden identify the priority areas for future control interventions and provide baseline information for monitoring and evaluation. Zero-Inflated formulations are more appropriate in modeling sparse geostatistical survey data, expected to arise more frequently as malaria research is focused on elimination. C1 [Giardina, Federica; Gosoniu, Laura; Vounatsou, Penelope] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland. [Giardina, Federica; Gosoniu, Laura; Vounatsou, Penelope] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [Konate, Lassana; Faye, Ousmane] UCAD Dakar, Fac Sci & Tech, Dakar, Senegal. [Diouf, Mame Birame] Natl Malaria Control Programme, Dakar, Senegal. [Perry, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaye, Oumar] UCAD Dakar, Fac Med Pharm & Odontol, Dakar, Senegal. RP Giardina, F (reprint author), Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland. EM penelope.vounatsou@unibas.ch FU Swiss-South Africa Joint Research Project [IZLSZ3 122926]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1032350] FX This investigation was conducted as part of the Swiss-South Africa Joint Research Project No. IZLSZ3 122926. The authors also thank the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Project No. OPP1032350) for financial contribution. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 5 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR e32625 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032625 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 928WA UT WOS:000303017700081 PM 22403684 ER PT J AU Gaffga, NH Flagg, EW Weinstock, HS Shlay, JC Ghanem, KG Koutsky, LA Kerndt, PR Hsu, KK Unger, ER Datta, SD AF Gaffga, N. H. Flagg, E. W. Weinstock, H. S. Shlay, J. C. Ghanem, K. G. Koutsky, L. A. Kerndt, P. R. Hsu, K. K. Unger, E. R. Datta, S. D. TI Monitoring HPV type-specific prevalence over time through clinic-based surveillance: A perspective on vaccine effectiveness SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HPV; HPV vaccine; Clinic-based surveillance ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; GENITAL WARTS; NATURAL-HISTORY; CERVICAL-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; LESIONS; IMPACT; WOMEN AB We investigated the feasibility of monitoring trends in prevalence of vaccine-preventable human papillomavirus (HPV) types in different clinic populations. We collected cervical specimens from women presenting to family planning, primary care, and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics for routine pap smears in five US cities during 2003-2005. We performed HPV genotyping and calculated annual type-specific prevalences; pre-vaccine era prevalence was highest for HPV 16(6.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.5-6.6%) and annual prevalences for vaccine-preventable types were stable, with few exceptions, after controlling for clinic type, age group, and city. With sufficient sample size and stable population characteristics, clinic-based surveillance systems can contribute to monitoring HPV vaccine impact in the cervical screening population. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gaffga, N. H.; Flagg, E. W.; Weinstock, H. S.; Datta, S. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shlay, J. C.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Ghanem, K. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Koutsky, L. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kerndt, P. R.] Cty Los Angeles Dept Hlth Serv, STD Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hsu, K. K.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Div STD Prevent, Boston, MA USA. [Unger, E. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Infect Dis, Div Viral Resp Dis, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Flagg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ewf2@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1959 EP 1964 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.021 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800007 PM 22265859 ER PT J AU Reed, C Meltzer, MI Finelli, L Fiore, A AF Reed, Carrie Meltzer, Martin I. Finelli, Lyn Fiore, Anthony TI Public health impact of including two lineages of influenza B in a quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES; UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY; PREVENTION; NETWORK; VIRUSES; CANADA; ADULTS AB The annual trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) includes viruses representing three influenza strains - one A/H1N1, one A/H3N2, and one B, although two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B (Victoria and Yamagata) co-circulate annually in the United States. Predicting which lineage of influenza B will predominate during a season is challenging, and cross-protection by immunization against the other lineage is expected to be low. One proposed alternative is to produce a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) including an influenza B virus from each of the two circulating lineages. We estimated the additional public health benefit of QIV compared with TIV by calculating the expected impact on influenza-related health outcomes (illness, hospitalization, and death) over ten influenza seasons (1999/2000-2008/2009). We included data on the annual incidence of influenza-associated outcomes, virologic circulation, vaccine coverage, and vaccine effectiveness. We also considered annual vaccine production capacity, since available resources would have produced four vaccine viruses instead of three, potentially resulting in fewer doses of QIV. Use of QIV could have reduced annual cases (range: 2200-970,000), hospitalizations (range: 14-8200), and deaths (range: 1-485) in the US. During earlier seasons, adjusting production capacity for a fourth virus in QIV could have resulted in reduced overall influenza vaccine availability and net increases in influenza-associated outcomes. However, in recent seasons, the expected supply of QIV is likely to exceed the doses of vaccine actually administered. The potential net impact of QIV on influenza-associated outcomes is expected to vary between seasons, depending on annual variability in the incidence of influenza caused by the two influenza B lineages, vaccine coverage, and effectiveness. The additional protection provided by including a second lineage of influenza B could result in a modest reduction in influenza-associated outcomes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Reed, Carrie; Finelli, Lyn; Fiore, Anthony] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Syst, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reed, C (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM CReed1@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 104 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1993 EP 1998 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.098 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800012 PM 22226861 ER PT J AU Muscat, M Zimmerman, L Bacci, S Bang, H Glismann, S Molbak, K Reef, S AF Muscat, Mark Zimmerman, Laura Bacci, Sabrina Bang, Henrik Glismann, Steffen Molbak, Kare Reef, Susan CA EUVAC NET Grp TI Toward rubella elimination in Europe: An epidemiological assessment SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rubella; Epidemiology; Europe; Congenital rubella syndrome; Surveillance ID CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; IMMUNIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; COVERAGE; MEASLES; NEED AB Background: The elimination of rubella and prevention of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) by 2015 are established goals for Europe. Our aim was to review the epidemiology of rubella in relation to this goal. Material and methods: National surveillance institutions from 32 European countries provided information on rubella and CRS surveillance systems and data for 2000-08. We reported the number of notified rubella cases by year for countries with a national mandatory notification system for rubella covering total country population consistently throughout 2000-08 and analysed rubella surveillance data for 2008. Results: Throughout 2000-08, 24 countries conducted passive routine surveillance based on mandatory reporting rubella covering total country population. Altogether these countries reported 526,751 rubella cases. The median incidence per million inhabitants declined from 7.2 in 2000 to 0.3 in 2008. By 2008, the number of countries with mandatory notification systems for rubella increased to 28. These countries reported 21,475 rubella cases of which 1.5% (n = 317) were laboratory-confirmed. Most cases (n = 21,075; 98%) were reported from Poland, Italy and Romania. Ten countries reported zero rubella cases and five others reported an incidence of <1 per million inhabitants. In 2008,20 CRS cases were reported from five countries. Conclusion: The overall decline in rubella incidence and increase in the number of countries conducting rubella surveillance through a mandatory notification system are notable achievements toward the goal of rubella elimination in Europe. However, in a few countries with high rubella incidence the risk for CRS still exists. Achievement and maintenance of the required high vaccination coverage and high-quality surveillance of rubella and CRS including laboratory testing of all suspected cases are fundamental to eliminate rubella and prevent CRS in Europe. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Muscat, Mark; Bacci, Sabrina; Bang, Henrik; Glismann, Steffen; Molbak, Kare] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol, EUVAC NET Hub, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. [Zimmerman, Laura; Molbak, Kare; Reef, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Muscat, M (reprint author), Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol, EUVAC NET Hub, Orestads Blvd 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. EM markmuscat1@gmail.com OI Molbak, Kare/0000-0002-3100-4990 FU European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; Statens Serum Institut; European Commission (DG SANCO) FX EUVAC.NET was funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and the Statens Serum Institut. Prior to February 2009, EUVAC.NET received funding from the European Commission (DG SANCO) and the Statens Serum Institut. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1999 EP 2007 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.016 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800013 PM 22178098 ER PT J AU Leroy, Z Broder, K Menschik, D Shimabukuro, T Martin, D AF Leroy, Z. Broder, K. Menschik, D. Shimabukuro, T. Martin, D. TI Febrile seizures after 2010-2011 influenza vaccine in young children, United States: A vaccine safety signal from the vaccine adverse event reporting system SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Febrile seizure; Trivalent influenza vaccine; Vaccine safety; Post-marketing surveillance ID IMMUNIZATION AB During the 2010-2011 influenza season, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Food and Drug Administration conducted enhanced vaccine safety monitoring for possible febrile seizures in all trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) products in the United States using the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). We used Empirical Bayesian data mining techniques to assess disproportionate reporting after TIV and reviewed febrile seizure reports in children aged <5 years. On November 23, 2010, the combination of the coding term "febrile convulsion" and the Fluzone (R) TIV product exceeded a predetermined threshold in the VAERS database. By December 10, we confirmed 43 reports of febrile seizure following TIV in children aged 6-23 months. Clinical features of most reports were consistent with typical uncomplicated febrile seizures, and all children recovered. Further epidemiologic assessment of a possible association between TIV and febrile seizures was undertaken in a separate, population-based vaccine safety monitoring system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Leroy, Z.; Broder, K.; Shimabukuro, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Hlth Care Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Menschik, D.; Martin, D.] US FDA, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Leroy, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Hlth Care Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ezv6@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2020 EP 2023 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.042 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800015 PM 22361303 ER PT J AU Tse, A Tseng, HF Greene, SK Vellozzi, C Lee, GM AF Tse, Alison Tseng, Hung Fu Greene, Sharon K. Vellozzi, Claudia Lee, Grace M. CA VSD Rapid Cycle Anal Influenza TI Signal identification and evaluation for risk of febrile seizures in children following trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, 2010-2011 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; Vaccine safety; Vaccine Safety Datalink Project; Febrile seizures ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS-VACCINE; REAL-TIME SURVEILLANCE; ADVERSE EVENTS; UNITED-STATES; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; DISEASE; IMMUNIZATION AB In fall 2010 in the southern hemisphere, an increased risk of febrile seizures was noted in young children in Australia in the 24 h after receipt of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) manufactured by CSL Biotherapies. Although the CSL TIV vaccine was not recommended for use in young children in the US, during the 2010-2011 influenza season near real-time surveillance was conducted for febrile seizures in the 0-1 days following first dose TIV in a cohort of 206,174 vaccinated children ages 6 through 59 months in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project. On a weekly basis, surveillance was conducted with the primary approach of a self-controlled risk interval design and the secondary approach of a current vs. historical vaccinee design. Sequential statistical methods were employed to account for repeated analyses of accumulating data. Signals for seizures based on computerized data were identified in mid November 2010 using a current vs. historical design and in late December 2010 using a self-controlled risk interval design. Further signal evaluation was conducted with chart-confirmed febrile seizure cases using only data from the primary approach (i.e. self-controlled risk interval design). The magnitude of the incidence rate ratio and risk difference comparing risk of seizures in the 0-1 days vs. 14-20 days following TIV differed by receipt of concomitant 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Among children 6-59 months of age, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for TIV adjusted for concomitant PCV13 was 2.4 (95% CI 1.2, 4.7) while the IRR for PCV13 adjusted for concomitant TIV was 2.5 (95% CI 1.3, 4.7). The IRR for concomitant TIV and PCV13 was 5.9 (95% CI 3.1, 11.3). Risk difference estimates varied by age due to the varying baseline risk for seizures in young children, with the highest estimates occurring at 16 months (12.5 per 100,000 doses for TIV without concomitant PCV13, 13.7 per 100,000 doses for PCV13 without concomitant TIV, and 44.9 per 100,000 doses for concomitant TIV and PCV13) and the lowest estimates occurring at 59 months (1.1 per 100,000 doses for TIV without concomitant PCV13, 1.2 per 100,000 doses for PCV13 without concomitant TIV, and 4.0 per 100,000 doses for concomitant TIV and PCV13). Incidence rate ratio and risk difference estimates were lower for children receiving TIV without concomitant PCV13 or PCV13 without concomitant TIV. Because of the importance of preventing influenza and pneumococcal infections and associated complications, our findings should be placed in a benefit-risk framework to ensure that population health benefits are maximized. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tse, Alison; Greene, Sharon K.; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tse, Alison; Greene, Sharon K.; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Tseng, Hung Fu] So Calif Kaiser Permanente, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Tse, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. OI Irving, Stephanie/0000-0001-7437-6797; Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-8174-8533 FU GSK; Merck; Pfizer; Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis; Merck Research Laboratories; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX Dr. Baxter has received research funding from GSK, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, and Novartis. Dr. Jackson has received research funding from Pfizer and Novartis and travel support from Pfizer. Dr. Jacobsen has received research funding from Merck Research Laboratories and has served as an unpaid consultant to Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Klein has received research funding from GSK, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur and Novartis. Dr. Nelson has served as a statistical consultant to GSK. Dr. Tseng has received research funding from Merck for other vaccine studies.; This work was supported by a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. Preliminary findings from data included in this manuscript have been previously presented to federal advisory committees for vaccines and posted on the CDC and FDA websites for public health purposes. Data were also presented during the National Immunization Conference, Washington, DC, 2011 and the International Conference on Pharmacepidemiology (ICPE), Chicago, IL, 2011, which included a published abstract. These data have not been previously published as a manuscript. NR 62 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2024 EP 2031 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.027 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800016 PM 22361304 ER PT J AU Broder, KR Martin, DB Vellozzi, C AF Broder, Karen R. Martin, David B. Vellozzi, Claudia TI In the heat of a signal: Responding to a vaccine safety signal for febrile seizures after 2010-11 influenza vaccine in young children, United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Broder, Karen R.; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div HealthCare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonor Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, David B.] US FDA, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Broder, KR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbroder@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 2 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2032 EP 2034 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.040 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 924AM UT WOS:000302662800017 PM 22361305 ER PT J AU Churilla, JR Magyari, PM Ford, ES Fitzhugh, EC Johnson, TM AF Churilla, James R. Magyari, Peter M. Ford, Earl S. Fitzhugh, Eugene C. Johnson, Tammie M. TI Muscular strengthening activity patterns and metabolic health risk among US adults SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE abdominal obesity; dyslipidemia; impaired fasting glucose; pre-hypertension; strength training ID RESISTANCE EXERCISE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR; EDUCATION-PROGRAM; 1999-2004 NHANES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SMOKING; MUSCLE AB Background: Many studies have examined the relationship between physical activity and metabolic disorders. However, few have focused on specific associations between these disorders and muscular strengthening activity (MSA) patterns. The aim of the present study was to examine the association(s) for each metabolic syndrome criterion and MSA patterns. Methods: The study sample (n = 5618) consisted of adults 20 years of age who participated in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cut-off points for metabolic syndrome criteria were derived from the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute definition. The aggregate of data on weight lifting, push-ups, and sit-ups was used to establish patterns of MSA. Participants reporting >= 2 days/week MSA were coded as meeting current US MSA guidelines. Results: Following adjustments, participants reporting >= 2 days/week MSA were found to be 28% (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.62, 0.83) less likely to have dyslipidemia, 29% (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.54, 0.93) less likely to have impaired fasting glucose, 19% (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.65, 0.99) less likely to have prehypertension, and 43% (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.46, 0.72) less likely to have augmented waist circumference compared with those reporting engaging in no MSA. No association was found for hypertension and MSA. Conclusion: Engaging in >= 2 days/week MSA as part of an overall physical activity regimen may be prudent in preserving metabolic health. These findings strengthen the relationship between MSA and metabolic health; thus, clinicians should include MSA when discussing lifestyle approaches to better health. C1 [Churilla, James R.; Magyari, Peter M.] Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Dept Clin & Appl Movement Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fitzhugh, Eugene C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Kinesiol Recreat & Sport Studies, Knoxville, TN USA. [Churilla, James R.; Johnson, Tammie M.] Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Churilla, JR (reprint author), Univ N Florida, Brooks Coll Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, 1 UNF Dr,Bldg 39, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM j.churilla@unf.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD MAR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2011.00172.x PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 982SQ UT WOS:000307066100013 PM 22099352 ER PT J AU Ayers, JD Rota, PA Collins, ML Drew, CP AF Ayers, Jessica D. Rota, Paul A. Collins, Marcus L. Drew, Clifton P. TI Alternatives to Retroorbital Blood Collection in Hispid Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SAPHENOUS-VEIN; MICE; PLEXUS; MODEL; VARIABLES; PUNCTURE; REMOVAL; MOUSE AB Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are a valuable animal model for many human viral diseases, including polio virus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus. Although cotton rats have been used in research since 1939, few publications address handling and sampling techniques for this species, and the retroorbital sinus remains the recommended blood sampling site. Here we assessed blood sampling methods that are currently used in other species and a novel subzygomatic sampling site for their use in S. hispidus. The subzygomatic approach accesses a venous sinus that possibly is unique to this species and that lies just below the zygomatic arch of the maxilla and deep to the masseter muscle. We report that both the novel subzygomatic approach and the sublingual vein method can be used effectively in cotton rats. C1 [Ayers, Jessica D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rota, Paul A.; Collins, Marcus L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpes Virus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drew, Clifton P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ayers, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ioz1@cdc.gov FU Georgia Research Alliance; Division of Scientific Resources and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch FX We extend a special thanks to the Laboratory Animal Residency Program directors Dr Nathaniel Powell and Ms Yvonne Reed for their constant support and encouragement for this publication. We also thank the Division of Scientific Resources and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch for the research and programmatic support they provided during this project, Mr Jeltley Montague for processing the histopathology slides, Dr Katherine Paul for her editing and proof reading skills, and Dr Nadia Gallardo-Romero for sharing her expertise in exotic rodent species. Partial financial support was provided by Georgia Research Alliance. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 BP 239 EP 245 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 978UV UT WOS:000306772200014 PM 22776125 ER PT J AU Gilchrist, S Schieb, L Mukhtar, Q Valderrama, A Yoon, P Sasson, C McNally, B Schooley, M AF Gilchrist, Siobhan Schieb, Linda Mukhtar, Qaiser Valderrama, Amy Yoon, Paula Sasson, Comilla McNally, Bryan Schooley, Michael TI A Summary of Public Access Defibrillation Laws, United States, 2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATORS; HOSPITAL CARDIAC-ARREST; CARDIOVASCULAR CARE COMMITTEE; CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY; SURVIVAL; CARDIOPULMONARY; RESUSCITATION; COUNCIL; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMPLEMENTATION AB Introduction On average, less than 8% of people who experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survive. However, death from sudden cardiac arrest is preventable if a bystander quickly retrieves and applies an automated external defibrillator (AED). Public access defibrillation (PAD) policies have been enacted to create programs that increase the public availability of these devices. The objective of this study was to describe each state's legal requirements for recommended PAD program elements. Methods We reviewed state laws and described the extent to which 13 PAD program elements are mandated in each state. Results No jurisdiction requires all 13 PAD program elements, 18% require at least 10 elements, and 31% require 3 or fewer elements. All jurisdictions provide some level of immunity to AED users, 60% require PAD maintenance, 59% require emergency medical service notification, 55% impose training requirements, and 41% require medical oversight. Few jurisdictions require a quality improvement process. Conclusion PAD programs in many states are at risk of failure because critical elements such as maintenance, medical oversight, emergency medical service notification, and continuous quality improvement are not required. Policy makers should consider strengthening PAD policies by enacting laws that can reduce the time from collapse to shock, such as requiring the strategic placement of AEDs in high-risk locations or mandatory PAD registries that are coordinated with local EMS and dispatch centers. Further research is needed to identify the most effective PAD policies for increasing AED use by lay persons and improving survival rates. C1 [Gilchrist, Siobhan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Columbus Technol & Serv Inc, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sasson, Comilla] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [McNally, Bryan] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilchrist, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Columbus Technol & Serv Inc, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM smg0@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110196 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110196 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977HH UT WOS:000306646800008 ER PT J AU Jones, DL Settipalli, S Goodman, JM Hootman, JM Goins, RT AF Jones, Dina L. Settipalli, Srilakshmi Goodman, Jeanne M. Hootman, Jennifer M. Goins, R. Turner TI Community Readiness for Adopting a Physical Activity Program for People With Arthritis in West Virginia SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; WOMEN; URBAN; OLDER AB Introduction The health benefits of physical activity are well established in older adults with arthritis. Despite these benefits, many older adults with arthritis are not active enough to maintain health; therefore, increasing physical activity in adults with arthritis is a public health priority. The purpose of this study was to use the Community Readiness Model to assess readiness for adopting a physical activity program for people with arthritis in 8 counties in West Virginia. Methods During 2007 and 2008, we conducted a telephone survey among 94 key informants who could provide insight into their community's efforts to promote physical activity among older adults with arthritis. We matched survey scores with 1 of 9 stages of readiness, ranging from 1 (no awareness) to 9 (high level of community ownership). Results The survey placed the counties in stage 3 (vague awareness), indicating recognition of the need for more physical activity programming; community efforts were not focused and leadership was minimal. The interviews suggested that culturally sensitive, well-promoted free or low-cost programs conducted by community volunteers may be keys to success in West Virginia. Conclusion Information derived from our survey can be used to match intervention strategies for promoting physical activity among people with arthritis to communities in West Virginia according to their level of readiness. C1 [Settipalli, Srilakshmi] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Goins, R. Turner] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goodman, Jeanne M.] Arthurdale Heritage Inc, Arthurdale, WV USA. [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jones, DL (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Orthopaed, POB 9196,1 Med Ctr Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM dljones@hsc.wvu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association of American Medical Colleges [5U36CD319276, MM-0944-06/06] FX This project was supported under a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of American Medical Colleges grant no. 5U36CD319276, AAMC ID no. MM-0944-06/06. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110166 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110166 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977HH UT WOS:000306646800007 ER PT J AU Chitnis, AS Guh, AY Benowitz, I Srinivasan, V Gertz, RE Shewmaker, PL Beall, BW O'Connell, H Noble-Wang, J Gornet, MF Van Beneden, C Patrick, SL Turabelidze, G Patel, PR AF Chitnis, Amit S. Guh, Alice Y. Benowitz, Isaac Srinivasan, Velusamy Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Shewmaker, Patricia L. Beall, Bernard W. O'Connell, Heather Noble-Wang, Judith Gornet, Matthew F. Van Beneden, Chris Patrick, Sarah L. Turabelidze, George Patel, Priti R. TI Outbreak of Bacterial Meningitis Among Patients Undergoing Myelography at an Outpatient Radiology Clinic SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Myelography; bacterial meningitis; infection prevention; outbreak ID PAIN MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; STREPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; IATROGENIC MENINGITIS; LUMBAR PUNCTURE; BLOOD-STREAM; NEW-YORK; INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION; AGALACTIAE AB Purpose: To investigate an outbreak of bacterial meningitis at an outpatient radiology clinic (clinic A) and to determine the source and implement measures to prevent additional infections. Methods: A case was defined as bacterial meningitis in a patient undergoing myelography at clinic A from October 11 to 25, 2010. Patients who underwent myelography and other procedures at clinic A during that period were interviewed, medical records were reviewed, and infection prevention practices were assessed. Case-patient cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens, oral specimens from health care personnel (HCP), and opened iohexol vials were tested for bacteria. Bacterial isolates were compared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A culture-negative CSF specimen was tested using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: Three cases were identified among 35 clinic A patients who underwent procedures from October 11 to 25, 2010. All case-patients required hospitalization, 2 in an intensive care unit. Case-patients had myelography performed by the same radiology physician assistant and technician on October 25; all patients who underwent myelography on October 25 were affected. HCP did not wear facemaslcs and reused single-dose iohexol vials for multiple patients. Streptococcus salivarius (a bacteria commonly found in oral flora) was detected in the CSF of 2 case-patients (1 by culture, 1 using real-time polymerase chain reaction) and in HCP oral specimens; 1 opened iohexol vial contained Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles from the case-patient S salivarius and the radiology physician assistant were indistinguishable. Conclusions: Bacterial meningitis likely occurred because HCP performing myelography did not wear facemasks; lapses in injection practices may have contributed to transmission. Targeted education regarding mask use and safe injection practices is needed among radiology HCP. C1 [Chitnis, Amit S.; Guh, Alice Y.; O'Connell, Heather; Noble-Wang, Judith; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chitnis, Amit S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Benowitz, Isaac] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Srinivasan, Velusamy; Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Shewmaker, Patricia L.; Beall, Bernard W.; Van Beneden, Chris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gornet, Matthew F.] Spine Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO USA. [Patrick, Sarah L.; Turabelidze, George] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. RP Chitnis, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM achitnis@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1546-1440 J9 J AM COLL RADIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Radiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1016/j.jacr.2011.09.018 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 961FL UT WOS:000305449500009 PM 22386165 ER PT J AU Ogendo, A Otieno, F Nyikuri, M Shinde, S Nyambura, M Pals, S Chege, W Gust, DA AF Ogendo, A. Otieno, F. Nyikuri, M. Shinde, S. Nyambura, M. Pals, S. Chege, W. Gust, D. A. TI Persons at high risk for HIV infection in Kisumu, Kenya: identifying recruitment strategies for enrolment in HIV-prevention studies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; risk behaviour; prevention studies; recruitment; motivators; barriers; Africa ID DISTANCE TRUCK DRIVERS; FEMALE SEX WORKERS; CONDOM USE; PREVALENCE; PARTNERS; COUPLES; URBAN; COMMUNITIES; POPULATION; BARRIERS AB A combination of in-depth interviews (n = 38) and surveys (n = 203) were used to (1) identify strategies to recruit persons at high risk for HIV infection; (2) determine whether one strategy was more successful than others; and (3) describe motivators and barriers to participation in HIV-prevention studies. From in-depth interviews, four main recruitment strategies were identified: (1) use of a person with specific knowledge of a target population (link person mobilization); (2) use of co-workers or contemporaries (peer mobilization); (3) use of group or association leaders (leader mobilization); and (4) contacting persons by study staff directly (staff contact mobilization). The odds of inconsistently using condoms during sex were greater among those recruited using the peer mobilization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.35-9.54) and the leader mobilization strategies (AOR = 2.76; 95% CI = 1.04-7.38) compared with the link person mobilization strategy. The main motivators for taking part in an HIV research study were receiving HIV-prevention education, HIV information or counselling, and receiving compensation for study participation. The main barriers were fear of lack of confidentiality and HIV testing concerns. Using evaluated strategies to recruit persons at high risk for HIV infection and addressing barriers to participation will improve the conduct and outcome of HIV-prevention studies. C1 [Gust, D. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ogendo, A.; Otieno, F.; Nyikuri, M.; Nyambura, M.; Chege, W.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD MAR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 177 EP 181 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011173 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 952HP UT WOS:000304783600005 PM 22581870 ER PT J AU Calisher, CH Ellison, JA AF Calisher, Charles H. Ellison, James A. TI The other rabies viruses: The emergence and importance of lyssaviruses from bats and other vertebrates SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus; Rabies virus-related viruses; Bats ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOKOLA VIRUS; SOUTH-AFRICA; DIVERSITY; DIAGNOSIS; GENUS; PATHOGENICITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; KYRGHYZSTAN AB The recognition that viruses related to rabies virus cause rabies in humans has stimulated research into the relationships, geographic distribution and natural histories of these viruses. This paper reviews what is known of these fascinating viruses and the complexity of prevention and treatment of the disease they cause. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Calisher, Charles H.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ellison, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Calisher, CH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 3195 Rampart Rd,Delivery Code 1690,Foothills Camp, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM calisher@cybersafe.net; hio6@cdc.gov RI Ellison, James/C-1402-2013 OI Ellison, James/0000-0003-4492-4857 NR 59 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.01.003 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 949HZ UT WOS:000304568600004 PM 22386761 ER PT J AU Hampson, NB Bell, J Clower, JH Dunn, SL Weaver, LK AF Hampson, Neil B. Bell, Jeneita Clower, Jacquelyn H. Dunn, Susan L. Weaver, Lindell K. TI Partnering with a medical specialty society to perform online public health surveillance SO UNDERSEA AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-MONOXIDE EXPOSURES; UNITED-STATES AB While accidental carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is common, it is felt to be largely preventable through targeted public education. Development of effective education programs requires accurate epidemiologic information about the condition. Many acute, severe cases of CO poisoning are treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) at hospital-based facilities staffed by members of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS). In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began sponsoring a UHMS proposal to use online reporting by UHMS members of cases treated with HBO2. This report describes development and implementation of the internet-based surveillance system, as well as its first year of operation. From August 2008 to July 2009, a total of 740 cases were reported by the 82 hyperbaric facilities participating nationwide. Extensive epidemiologic information about CO poisoning in the United States has been collected, and the utility of partnering with a medical specialty society for disease-specific surveillance demonstrated. C1 [Hampson, Neil B.; Dunn, Susan L.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Sect Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Bell, Jeneita; Clower, Jacquelyn H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Hyperbar Med LDS Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Intermt Med Ctr, Murray, UT USA. RP Hampson, NB (reprint author), Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Sect Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM neil.hampson@vmmc.org NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI DURHAM PA 21 WEST COLONY PLACE, STE 280, DURHAM, NC 27705 USA SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 647 EP 655 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 945RJ UT WOS:000304293400004 PM 22530448 ER PT J AU Hampson, NB Dunn, SL Yip, FY Clower, JH Weaver, LK AF Hampson, Neil B. Dunn, Susan L. Yip, Fuyuen Y. Clower, Jacquelyn H. Weaver, Lindell K. TI The UHMS/CDC Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Surveillance Program Three-year data SO UNDERSEA AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hampson, Neil B.; Dunn, Susan L.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Sect Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Yip, Fuyuen Y.; Clower, Jacquelyn H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Hyperbar Med LDS Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Intermt Med Ctr, Murray, UT USA. [Weaver, Lindell K.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Hampson, NB (reprint author), Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Sect Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM neil.hampson@vmmc.org NR 2 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI DURHAM PA 21 WEST COLONY PLACE, STE 280, DURHAM, NC 27705 USA SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 667 EP 685 PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 945RJ UT WOS:000304293400006 PM 22530450 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Chace, DH AF De Jesus, Victor R. Chace, Donald H. TI Commentary on the history and quantitative nature of filter paper used in blood collection devices SO BIOANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEWBORN; SPOTS; DISORDERS; SPECIMENS; STABILITY; INFANTS; MARKERS C1 [De Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biochem Mass Spectrometry Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chace, Donald H.] Pediat Med Grp Inc, Ctr Res & Educ, Pediat Analyt, San Fernando Valley, FL USA. RP De Jesus, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biochem Mass Spectrometry Lab, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdejesus@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1757-6180 J9 BIOANALYSIS JI Bioanalysis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 BP 645 EP 647 DI 10.4155/BIO.12.34 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 928KG UT WOS:000302981000010 PM 22452254 ER PT J AU Erguder, T Polat, H Arpad, C Khoury, RN Warren, CW Lee, J Lea, V AF Erguder, Toker Polat, Halil Arpad, Ceylan Khoury, Rula Nabil Warren, Charles W. Lee, Juliette Lea, Veronica TI LINKING GLOBAL YOUTH TOBACCO SURVEY (GYTS) DATA TO TOBACCO CONTROL POLICY IN TURKEY-2003 AND 2009 SO CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE GYTS; tobacco control; national policy; plan of action; school survey AB Objective: The purpose of this paper is to use data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in Turkey in 2003 and 2009 to examine changes in tobacco use and important tobacco control measures. Methods: The GYTS were conducted in grades 7-9 in 2003 and 7-10 in 2009 in Turkey. Data in this paper are limited to 13 to 15 year old students. A total of 15,957 students from 202 schools participated in 2003 and 5,054 students from 69 schools participated in 2009. The overall response rate was 92.1% in 2003 and 87.5% in 2009. Results: Between 2003 and 2009 current cigarette smoking did not change significantly for either boys (9.4% to 10.2%) or girls (3.5% to 5.3%). Current cigarette smoking was higher among boys than girls in 2003 and in 2009. In 2009, half of students reported they had been exposed to second hand smoking (SHS) at home and 80% reported they had been exposed to SHS in public places. Three in ten students reported they had been exposed to pro-tobacco advertising in newspapers or magazines; one in ten had an object with a cigarette brand logo on it; and 7% had been offered free cigarettes by a cigarette company representative. Two-thirds of current cigarette smokers reported that they wanted to stop smoking; and almost two-thirds had been taught in school in the past year about the dangers of smoking. Conclusion: Passing and implementing the Law No. 4207 on Prevention of Hazards of Tobacco Products, ratifying the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), raising tax on tobacco, and requiring pictorial warning labels were important steps forward for tobacco control in Turkey. However, as to the tobacco control much work yet to be accomplished including developing an effective enforcement plan for all tobacco control efforts. C1 [Erguder, Toker] World Hlth Org Country Off Turkey, Ankara, Turkey. [Polat, Halil] Minist Natl Educ, Sch Hlth Dept, Ankara, Turkey. [Arpad, Ceylan] Hacettepe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Khoury, Rula Nabil] World Hlth Org Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Warren, Charles W.; Lee, Juliette; Lea, Veronica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Erguder, T (reprint author), WHO Country Off, Birlik Mahallesi 2 Cadde 11 Cankaya, TR-06610 Ankara, Turkey. EM ergud-ert@euro.who.int NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL INST PUBLIC HEALTH PI PRAGUE 10 PA DEPT SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, SROBAROVA 48, PRAGUE 10, 100 42, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-7778 J9 CENT EUR J PUBL HEAL JI Cent. Eur. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 1 BP 87 EP 91 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 928GV UT WOS:000302972100018 PM 22571026 ER PT J AU Pfefferbaum, B Flynn, BW Schonfeld, D Brown, LM Jacobs, GA Dodgen, D Donato, D Kaul, RE Stone, B Norwood, AE Reissman, DB Herrmann, J Hobfoll, SE Jones, RT Ruzek, JI Ursano, RJ Taylor, RJ Lindley, D AF Pfefferbaum, Betty Flynn, Brian W. Schonfeld, David Brown, Lisa M. Jacobs, Gerard A. Dodgen, Daniel Donato, Darrin Kaul, Rachel E. Stone, Brook Norwood, Ann E. Reissman, Dori B. Herrmann, Jack Hobfoll, Stevan E. Jones, Russell T. Ruzek, Josef I. Ursano, Robert J. Taylor, Robert J. Lindley, David TI The Integration of Mental and Behavioral Health Into Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Recovery SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE disaster mental and behavioral health; disaster preparedness; response; recovery; emergency management; federal and state disaster plans AB The close interplay between mental health and physical health makes it critical to integrate mental and behavioral health considerations into all aspects of public health and medical disaster management. Therefore, the National Biodefense Science Board (NBSB) convened the Disaster Mental Health Subcommittee to assess the progress of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in integrating mental and behavioral health into disaster and emergency preparedness and response activities. One vital opportunity to improve integration is the development of clear and directive national policy to firmly establish the role of mental and behavioral health as part of a unified public health and medical response to disasters. Integration of mental and behavioral health into disaster preparedness, response, and recovery requires it to be incorporated in assessments and services, addressed in education and training, and founded on and advanced through research. Integration must be supported in underlying policies and administration with clear lines of responsibility for formulating and implementing policy and practice. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:60-66) C1 [Pfefferbaum, Betty] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Coll Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 USA. [Flynn, Brian W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Schonfeld, David] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, Natl Ctr Sch Crisis & Bereavement, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Brown, Lisa M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Aging & Mental Hlth, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Hlth Inst, Tampa, FL USA. [Jacobs, Gerard A.] Univ S Dakota, Disaster Mental Hlth Inst, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Dodgen, Daniel; Donato, Darrin; Kaul, Rachel E.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Risk Individuals Behav Hlth & Community Resil, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Off Secretary, Washington, DC USA. [Stone, Brook] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Commissioned Corps Affairs Food & Drug Adm, Rockville, MD USA. [Norwood, Ann E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biosecur, Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Reissman, Dori B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA USA. [Herrmann, Jack] Natl Assoc Cty & City Hlth Officals, Washington, DC USA. [Hobfoll, Stevan E.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Behav Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Jones, Russell T.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Psychol, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Ruzek, Josef I.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Taylor, Robert J.; Lindley, David] SAGE Analyt LLC, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Pfefferbaum, B (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Coll Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, POB 26901,WP 3470, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 USA. EM Betty-Pfefferbaum@ouhsc.edu RI Brown, Lisa/G-5980-2014 OI Brown, Lisa/0000-0002-3793-7310 NR 11 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 60 EP 66 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 925SO UT WOS:000302781800010 PM 22490938 ER PT J AU Pfefferbaum, B Schonfeld, D Flynn, BW Norwood, AE Dodgen, D Kaul, RE Donato, D Stone, B Brown, LM Reissman, DB Jacobs, GA Hobfoll, SE Jones, RT Herrmann, J Ursano, RJ Ruzek, JI AF Pfefferbaum, Betty Schonfeld, David Flynn, Brian W. Norwood, Ann E. Dodgen, Daniel Kaul, Rachel E. Donato, Darrin Stone, Brook Brown, Lisa M. Reissman, Dori B. Jacobs, Gerard A. Hobfoll, Stevan E. Jones, Russell T. Herrmann, Jack Ursano, Robert J. Ruzek, Josef I. TI The H1N1 Crisis: A Case Study of the Integration of Mental and Behavioral Health in Public Health Crises SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE communication and messaging; education and training; flu; intervention; mental and behavioral health; pandemic; vulnerable populations ID VACCINE AB In substantial numbers of affected populations, disasters adversely affect well-being and influence the development of emotional problems and dysfunctional behaviors. Nowhere is the integration of mental and behavioral health into broader public health and medical preparedness and response activities more crucial than in disasters such as the 2009-2010 H1N1 influenza pandemic. The National Biodefense Science Board, recognizing that the mental and behavioral health responses to H1N1 were vital to preserving safety and health for the country, requested that the Disaster Mental Health Subcommittee recommend actions for public health officials to prevent and mitigate adverse behavioral health outcomes during the H1N1 pandemic. The subcommittee's recommendations emphasized vulnerable populations and concentrated on interventions, education and training, and communication and messaging. The subcommittee's H1N1 activities and recommendations provide an approach and template for identifying and addressing future efforts related to newly emerging public health and medical emergencies. The many emotional and behavioral health implications of the crisis and the importance of psychological factors in determining the behavior of members of the public argue for a programmatic integration of behavioral health and science expertise in a comprehensive public health response. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:67-71) C1 [Pfefferbaum, Betty] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 USA. [Schonfeld, David] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Dev & Behav Pediat, Natl Ctr Sch Crisis & Bereavement, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Flynn, Brian W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Norwood, Ann E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biosecur, Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dodgen, Daniel; Kaul, Rachel E.; Donato, Darrin] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Risk Individuals Behav Hlth & Community Resil, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC USA. [Stone, Brook] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Commissioned Corps Affairs Food & Drug Adm, Rockville, MD USA. [Brown, Lisa M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Aging & Mental Hlth, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Hlth Inst, Tampa, FL USA. [Reissman, Dori B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jacobs, Gerard A.] Univ S Dakota, Disaster Mental Hlth Inst, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Hobfoll, Stevan E.] Rush Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Jones, Russell T.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Psychol, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Herrmann, Jack] Natl Assoc Cty & City Hlth Officials, Washington, DC USA. [Ruzek, Josef I.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr PTSD, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Pfefferbaum, B (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, POB 26901,WP 3470, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 USA. EM Betty-Pfefferbaum@ouhsc.edu RI Brown, Lisa/G-5980-2014 OI Brown, Lisa/0000-0002-3793-7310 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 67 EP 71 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 925SO UT WOS:000302781800011 PM 22490939 ER PT J AU Li, W Cama, V Feng, YY Gilman, RH Bern, C Zhang, XC Xiao, LH AF Li, Wei Cama, Vitaliano Feng, Yaoyu Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn Zhang, Xichen Xiao, Lihua TI Population genetic analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Population genetics; Population structure; Linkage disequilibrium; Gene diversity; Multilocus sequence ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MICROSPORIDIA; SELECTION; SEQUENCE; LINKAGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MUTATIONS; ANIMALS; MODELS; CYCLE AB Genotyping based on sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer has revealed significant genetic diversity in Enterocytozoon bieneusi. Thus far, the population genetics of E. bieneusi and its significance in the epidemiology of microsporidiosis have not been examined. In this study, a multilocus sequence typing of E. bieneusi in AIDS patients in Lima, Peru was conducted, using 72 specimens previously genotyped as A, D, IV, EbpC, WL11, Peru7, Peru8, Peru10 and Peru11 at the internal transcribed spacer locus. Altogether, 39 multilocus genotypes were identified among the 72 specimens. The observation of strong intragenic linkage disequilibria and limited genetic recombination among markers were indicative of an overall clonal population structure of E. bieneusi. Measures of pair-wise intergenic linkage disequilibria and a standardised index of association (I-A(S)) based on allelic profile data further supported this conclusion. Both sequence-based and allelic profile-based phylogenetic analyses showed the presence of two genetically isolated groups in the study population, one (group 1) containing isolates of the anthroponotic internal transcribed spacer genotype A, and the other (group 2) containing isolates of multiple internal transcribed spacer genotypes (mainly genotypes D and IV) with zoonotic potential. The measurement of linkage disequilibria and recombination indicated group 2 had a clonal population structure, whereas group 1 had an epidemic population structure. The formation of the two sub-populations was confirmed by STRUCTURE and Wright's fixation index (F-ST) analyses. The data highlight the power of MLST in understanding the epidemiology of E. bieneusi. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Li, Wei; Zhang, Xichen] Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Li, Wei; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cama, Vitaliano; Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Zhang, XC (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM zhangxic@public.cc.jl.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Li, Wei/0000-0002-4264-1864 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901, 30928019] FX We thank Na Li and Wangeci Gate for assistance in data analysis, and National Natural Science Foundation of China for funding (No. 31110103901 and 30928019). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 287 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.01.003 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 925KZ UT WOS:000302761400009 PM 22534008 ER PT J AU Lee, LM AF Lee, Lisa M. TI Public Health Ethics Theory: Review and Path to Convergence SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Article ID BIOETHICS; FRAMEWORK; PRINCIPLISM; AIDS AB Public health ethics is a nascent field, emerging over the past decade as an applied field merging concepts of clinical and research ethics. Because the patient in public health is the population rather than the individual, existing principles might be weighted differently, or there might be different ethical principles to consider. This paper reviewed the evolution of public health ethics, the use of bioethics as its model, and the proposed frameworks for public health ethics through 2010. Review of 13 major public health ethics frameworks published over the past 15 years yields a wide variety of theoretical approaches, some similar foundational values, and a few similar operating principles. Coming to a consensus on the reach, purpose, and ends of public health is necessary if we are to agree on what ethical underpinnings drive us, what foundational values bring us to these underpinnings, and what operating principles practitioners must implement to make ethical decisions. If public health is distinct enough from clinical medicine to warrant its own set of ethical and philosophical underpinnings, then a decision must be made as to whether a single approach is warranted or we can tolerate a variety of equal but different perspectives. C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, LM (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD SPR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2012.00648.x PG 14 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 915ZB UT WOS:000302065100010 PM 22458465 ER PT J AU Lill, CM Roehr, JT McQueen, MB Kavvoura, FK Bagade, S Schjeide, BMM Schjeide, LM Meissner, E Zauft, U Allen, NC Liu, T Schilling, M Anderson, KJ Beecham, G Berg, D Biernacka, JM Brice, A DeStefano, AL Do, CB Eriksson, N Factor, SA Farrer, MJ Foroud, T Gasser, T Hamza, T Hardy, JA Heutink, P Hill-Burns, EM Klein, C Latourelle, JC Maraganore, DM Martin, ER Martinez, M Myers, RH Nalls, MA Pankratz, N Payami, H Satake, W Scott, WK Sharma, M Singleton, AB Stefansson, K Toda, T Tung, JY Vance, J Wood, NW Zabetian, CP Young, P Tanzi, RE Khoury, MJ Zipp, F Lehrach, H Ioannidis, JPA Bertram, L AF Lill, Christina M. Roehr, Johannes T. McQueen, Matthew B. Kavvoura, Fotini K. Bagade, Sachin Schjeide, Brit-Maren M. Schjeide, Leif M. Meissner, Esther Zauft, Ute Allen, Nicole C. Liu, Tian Schilling, Marcel Anderson, Kari J. Beecham, Gary Berg, Daniela Biernacka, Joanna M. Brice, Alexis DeStefano, Anita L. Do, Chuong B. Eriksson, Nicholas Factor, Stewart A. Farrer, Matthew J. Foroud, Tatiana Gasser, Thomas Hamza, Taye Hardy, John A. Heutink, Peter Hill-Burns, Erin M. Klein, Christine Latourelle, Jeanne C. Maraganore, Demetrius M. Martin, Eden R. Martinez, Maria Myers, Richard H. Nalls, Michael A. Pankratz, Nathan Payami, Haydeh Satake, Wataru Scott, William K. Sharma, Manu Singleton, Andrew B. Stefansson, Kari Toda, Tatsushi Tung, Joyce Y. Vance, Jeffery Wood, Nick W. Zabetian, Cyrus P. Young, Peter Tanzi, Rudolph E. Khoury, Muin J. Zipp, Frauke Lehrach, Hans Ioannidis, John P. A. Bertram, Lars CA Genetic Epidemiology Parkinson's IPDGC Parkinson's Dis GWAS Consortium WTCCC2 TI Comprehensive Research Synopsis and Systematic Meta-Analyses in Parkinson's Disease Genetics: The PDGene Database SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; RISK-FACTORS; MUTATIONS; VARIANTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DATASETS; TRIALS; REGION; VPS35 C1 [Lill, Christina M.; Roehr, Johannes T.; Schjeide, Brit-Maren M.; Schjeide, Leif M.; Meissner, Esther; Zauft, Ute; Liu, Tian; Schilling, Marcel; Lehrach, Hans; Bertram, Lars] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Neuropsychiat Genet Grp, Dept Vertebrate Genom, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Lill, Christina M.; Bagade, Sachin; Allen, Nicole C.; Tanzi, Rudolph E.; Bertram, Lars] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Charlestown, MA USA. [Lill, Christina M.; Zipp, Frauke] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Neurol, Med Ctr, Mainz, Germany. [Lill, Christina M.; Young, Peter] Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Munster, Germany. [Roehr, Johannes T.; Schilling, Marcel] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Berlin, Germany. [McQueen, Matthew B.] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Genet, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kavvoura, Fotini K.; Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Clin & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Kavvoura, Fotini K.] Royal Berkshire Hosp, Ctr Diabet & Endocrinol, Reading RG1 5AN, Berks, England. [Kavvoura, Fotini K.] Univ Oxford, Oxford Ctr Diabet Endocrinol & Metab, Churchill Hosp, Oxford, England. [Liu, Tian] Max Planck Inst Human Dev, Berlin, Germany. [Anderson, Kari J.; Biernacka, Joanna M.] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Rochester, MN USA. [Beecham, Gary; Martin, Eden R.; Scott, William K.; Vance, Jeffery] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, John P Hussman Inst Human Genom, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Berg, Daniela; Gasser, Thomas; Sharma, Manu] Univ Tubingen, Dept Neurodegenerat Dis, Hertie Inst Clin Brain Res, Tubingen, Germany. [Berg, Daniela; Gasser, Thomas; Sharma, Manu] German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis, DZNE, Tubingen, Germany. [Brice, Alexis] INSERM, UMR S975, Paris, France. [Brice, Alexis] Univ Paris 06, Ctr Rech, Inst Cerveau & Moelle Epiniere, UMR S975, Paris, France. [Brice, Alexis] CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France. [Brice, Alexis] Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Dept Genet & Cytogenet, Paris, France. [DeStefano, Anita L.; Latourelle, Jeanne C.; Myers, Richard H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [DeStefano, Anita L.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Do, Chuong B.; Eriksson, Nicholas; Tung, Joyce Y.] 23andMe, Mountain View, CA USA. [Factor, Stewart A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Farrer, Matthew J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Foroud, Tatiana; Pankratz, Nathan] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Hamza, Taye; Hill-Burns, Erin M.; Payami, Haydeh] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Hardy, John A.; Wood, Nick W.] UCL, Dept Mol Neurosci, UCL Inst Neurol, London, England. [Heutink, Peter] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Clin Genet, Sect Med Genom, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Klein, Christine] Univ Lubeck, Sect Clin & Mol Neurogenet, Dept Neurol, Lubeck, Germany. [Maraganore, Demetrius M.] NorthShore Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Neurol, Evanston, IL USA. [Martinez, Maria] Fac Med Toulouse, INSERM, UMR 1043, CPTP, F-31073 Toulouse, France. [Martinez, Maria] Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Nalls, Michael A.; Singleton, Andrew B.] NIA, Neurogenet Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Satake, Wataru; Toda, Tatsushi] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Med, Div Neurol Mol Brain Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Wood, Nick W.] UCL, UCL Genet Inst, London, England. [Stefansson, Kari] deCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Zabetian, Cyrus P.] Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Zabetian, Cyrus P.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Lill, CM (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Neuropsychiat Genet Grp, Dept Vertebrate Genom, Ihnestr 73, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. EM lbertram@molgen.mpg.de RI Hardy, John/C-2451-2009; Singleton, Andrew/C-3010-2009; Traynor, Bryan/G-5690-2010; Schilling, Marcel/O-3169-2013; Zipp, Frauke/C-9968-2015; Lill, Christina/J-9449-2015; Bertram, Lars/K-3889-2015; Martinez, Maria/B-3111-2013; Wood, Nicholas/C-2505-2009; OI Zabetian, Cyrus/0000-0002-7739-4306; Schilling, Marcel/0000-0002-3453-7792; Zipp, Frauke/0000-0002-1231-1928; Lill, Christina/0000-0002-2805-1307; Bertram, Lars/0000-0002-0108-124X; Martinez, Maria/0000-0003-2180-4537; Wood, Nicholas/0000-0002-9500-3348; Latourelle, Jeanne/0000-0002-4218-9572; Myers, Richard/0000-0002-8365-2674; Burns, Gully/0000-0003-1493-865X FU Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Disease (MJFF); Cure Alzheimer's Fund (CAF); National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD); Prize4Life; EMD Serono; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD); Fidelity Biosciences Research Initiative (FBRI); German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (Tufts CTSI); National Institute of Health/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; Michael J. Fox Foundation; Edmond J. Safra Michael J. Fox Foundation Global Genetics Consortium Initiative; NIH [R01 NS 036960, R01CA141668, R01NS37167, 2R01 ES10751]; National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [Z01 AG000949-02, Z01-ES101986]; U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH-09-2-0128]; Volkswagen Foundation; Hermann and Lilly Schilling Foundation; Alnylam Pharmaceuticals; Medtronic; NorthShore University Health System; Cephalon; Merck-Serono; Novartis; Eisai; Mayo Clinic; deCODE FX The main funding for this study was provided by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Disease (MJFF) with additional financial support by the Cure Alzheimer's Fund (CAF), the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), Prize4Life, and EMD Serono (all to L Bertram). CM Lill was supported by a fellowship from the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) and Fidelity Biosciences Research Initiative (FBRI). L Bertram is also supported by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF). JPA Ioannidis was supported through the Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (Tufts CTSI) under funding from the National Institute of Health/National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). Points of view or opinions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the Tufts CTSI. M Sharma was supported by the Michael J. Fox Foundation. The NeuroGenetics Research Consortium GWAS [15] was funded by the Edmond J. Safra Michael J. Fox Foundation Global Genetics Consortium Initiative and NIH R01 NS 036960. The work of the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) was supported in part by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services: project numbers Z01 AG000949-02 and Z01-ES101986. In addition the work of the IPDGC was supported by the U.S. Department of Defense, award number W81XWH-09-2-0128. Portions of the work of the IPDGC utilized the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (http://biowulf.nih.gov). T Foroud received funds from the National Institutes of Health (R01CA141668 and R01NS37167). C Klein is the recipient of a career development award from the Volkswagen Foundation and from the Hermann and Lilly Schilling Foundation. DM Maraganore acknowledges active funding support from the National Institutes of Health (2R01 ES10751), Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Medtronic, and NorthShore University Health System. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; CB Do, N Eriksson, and JY Tung are employed by 23andMe and own stock options in the company. MJ Farrer and Mayo Foundation received royalties from H. Lundbeck A/S and Isis Pharmaceuticals. In addition, MJ Farrer has received an honorarium for a seminar at Genzyme. T Gasser has received consultancy fees from Cephalon and Merck-Serono, grants from Novartis, payments for lectures including service on speakers' bureaus from Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck-Serono, UCB, and Valean, and holds patents NGFN2 and KASPP. JA Hardy has received consulting fees or honoraria from Eisai and his institute has received consulting fees or honoraria from Merck-Serono. DM Maraganore has received extramural research funding support from the National Institutes of Health (2R01 ES10751), the Michael J. Fox Foundation (Linked Efforts to Accelerate Parkinson Solutions Award, Edmond J. Safra Global Genetics Consortia Award), and from Alnylam Pharmaceuticals and Medtronic (observational studies of Parkinson's disease). DM Maraganore has also received intramural research funding support from the Mayo Clinic and from NorthShore University Health System. DM Maraganore filed a provisional patent for a method to predict Parkinson's disease. This provisional patent is unlicensed. He also filed a provisional patent for a method to treat neurodegenerative disorders. That provisional patent has been licensed to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals and DM Maraganore has received royalty payments in total of less than $20,000. K Stefansson has received grants from deCODE. NR 34 TC 224 Z9 226 U1 7 U2 36 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3 AR e1002548 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002548 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 918MV UT WOS:000302254800024 PM 22438815 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM AF Flegal, Katherine M. TI The conundrum of smoking cessation and weight gain SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Smoking; Ssmoking cessation; Body weight; Weight gain; Health behavior ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; PREVALENCE; SMOKERS; WOMEN; COHORT; ASSOCIATIONS; INTERVENTIONS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4336, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3-4 BP 193 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.01.015 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 923BL UT WOS:000302593000002 PM 22306979 ER PT J AU Pinto, J Roellig, DM Gilman, RH Calderon, M Bartra, C Salazar, R Bern, C Ancca-Juarez, J Levy, M Naquira, C Cama, V AF Pinto, Jesus Roellig, Dawn M. Gilman, Robert H. Calderon, Maritza Bartra, Carlos Salazar, Renzo Bern, Caryn Ancca-Juarez, Jenny Levy, Michael Naquira, Cesar Cama, Vitaliano TI TEMPORAL DIFFERENCES IN BLOOD MEAL DETECTION FROM THE MIDGUTS OF Triatoma infestans SO REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO LA English DT Article DE Chagas disease; Blood meal analysis; Triatoma infestans; Trypanosoma cruzi; PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; CYTOCHROME-B; DNA IDENTIFICATION; FEEDING PATTERNS; INFECTION; REDUVIIDAE; HEMIPTERA; VECTORS; CHUQUISACA AB We used genus/species specific PCRs to determine the temporal persistence of host DNA in Triatoma infestans experimentally fed on blood from six common vertebrate species: humans, domestic dogs, guinea pigs, chickens, mice, and pigs. Twenty third or fourth instar nymphs per animal group were allowed to feed to engorgement, followed by fasting-maintenance in the insectary. At 7, 14, 21, or 28 days post-feeding, the midgut contents from five triatomines per group were tested with the respective PCR assay. DNA from all vertebrate species was detected in at least four of five study nymphs at seven and 14 days post-feeding. DNA of humans, domestic dogs, guinea pigs, pigs, and chickens were more successfully detected (80-100%) through day 21, and less successfully (20-100%) at day 28. Findings demonstrate that species-specific PCRs can consistently identify feeding sources of T. infestans within two weeks, a biologically relevant time interval. C1 [Roellig, Dawn M.; Bern, Caryn; Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pinto, Jesus; Calderon, Maritza; Bartra, Carlos; Salazar, Renzo; Ancca-Juarez, Jenny; Naquira, Cesar] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Levy, Michael] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cama, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. EM vcama@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [5P50 AI074285-03, 5P50 AI074285-04, 1K01AI079162-03, 3K01AI079162-02S1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases projects 5P50 AI074285-03 and 04, 1K01AI079162-03 and 3K01AI079162-02S1, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and by an appointment (D. M. Roellig) to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by CDC. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU INST MEDICINA TROPICAL SAO PAULO PI SAO PAULO PA AV DR ENEAS CARVALHO DE AGUIAR, 470, C CESAR, SAO PAULO, 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 0036-4665 J9 REV INST MED TROP SP JI Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 2 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1590/S0036-46652012000200005 PG 5 WC Tropical Medicine SC Tropical Medicine GA 925DM UT WOS:000302741000005 PM 22499421 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HT Trujillo, AA Sheu, TG Levine, M Mishin, VP Shaw, M Ades, EW Klimov, AI Fry, AM Gubareva, LV AF Nguyen, Ha T. Trujillo, Alma A. Sheu, Tiffany G. Levine, Marnie Mishin, Vasiliy P. Shaw, Michael Ades, Edwin W. Klimov, Alexander I. Fry, Alicia M. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Analysis of influenza viruses from patients clinically suspected of infection with an oseltamivir resistant virus during the 2009 pandemic in the United States SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pandemic H1N1; Neuraminidase inhibitor; Pyrosequencing; Neuraminidase inhibition assay; H275Y; I223K; I223R ID IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; H1N1; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MUTATION; SEASON AB During the 2009 influenza pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided antiviral susceptibility testing for patients infected with suspected drug-resistant viruses. Specimens from 72 patients admitted to an intensive care unit or with a severe immunocompromising condition, who failed to clinically improve after oseltamivir treatment, were accepted for testing. Respiratory specimens were tested for the presence of the oseltamivir resistance-conferring H275Y substitution in the neuraminidase (NA) by pyrosequencing. Virus isolates propagated in MDCK cells were tested in phenotypic NA inhibition (NI) assays using licensed NA inhibitors (NAIs), zanamivir and oseltamivir, and investigational NAIs, peramivir and laninamivir. Conventional sequencing and plaque purification were conducted on a subset of viruses. Pyrosequencing data were obtained for 87 specimens collected from 58 of the 72(81%) patients. Of all patients, 27 (38%) had at least one specimen in which H275Y was detected. Analysis of sequential samples from nine patients revealed intra-treatment emergence of H275Y variant and a shift from wild-type-to-H275Y in quasispecies during oseltamivir therapy. A shift in the H275Y proportion was observed as a result of virus propagation in MDCK cells. Overall, the NI method was less sensitive than pyrosequencing in detecting the presence of H275Y variants in virus isolates. Using the NI method, isolates containing H275Y variant at >= 50% exhibited resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir, but retained full susceptibility to zanamivir. H275Y viruses recovered from two patients had an additional substitution I223K or I223R that conferred a 38-52- and 33-97-fold enhancement in oseltamivir- and peramivir-resistance, respectively. These viruses also showed decreased susceptibility to zanamivir and laninamivir. These data suggest that pyrosequencing is a powerful tool for timely detection of NAI resistant viruses and that NI assays are needed for comprehensive testing to detect novel resistance substitutions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nguyen, Ha T.; Trujillo, Alma A.; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Levine, Marnie; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Shaw, Michael; Klimov, Alexander I.; Fry, Alicia M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ades, Edwin W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nguyen, Ha T.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nguyen, Ha T.; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Levine, Marnie] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LGubareva@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was financially supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank clinical and state public health laboratories for the submission of clinical specimens and especially those that were able to submit multiple specimens. We thank Margaret Okomo-Adhiambo (the Influenza Division, CDC) for her contributions to this manuscript, as well as members of the Influenza Division, CDC, Atlanta, GA, for technical assistance and useful discussions. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 93 IS 3 BP 381 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.01.006 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 920TH UT WOS:000302430100009 PM 22330888 ER PT J AU Morris, JG Greenspan, A Howell, K Gargano, LM Mitchell, J Jones, JL Potter, M Isakov, A Woods, C Hughes, JM AF Morris, J. Glenn, Jr. Greenspan, Allison Howell, Kelly Gargano, Lisa M. Mitchell, Joanne Jones, Jeffrey L. Potter, Morris Isakov, Alexander Woods, Christopher Hughes, James M. TI SOUTHEASTERN CENTER FOR EMERGING BIOLOGIC THREATS TABLETOP EXERCISE: FOODBORNE TOXOPLASMOSIS OUTBREAK ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; PUBLIC-HEALTH PREPAREDNESS; CORONAVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOTERRORISM; GONDII AB The use of tabletop exercises as a tool in emergency preparedness and response has proven to be an effective means of assessing readiness for unexpected events. Whereas most exercise developers target a population in a defined space (eg, state, county, metropolitan area, hospital), the Southeastern Center for Emerging Biologic Threats (SECEBT) conducted an innovative tabletop exercise involving an unusual foodborne outbreak pathogen, targeting public health agencies and academic institutions in 7 southeastern states. The exercise tested the ability of participants to respond to a simulated foodborne disease outbreak affecting the region. The attendees represented 4 federal agencies, 9 state agencies, 6 universities, 1 nonprofit organization, and 1 private corporation. The goals were to promote collaborative relationships among the players, identify gaps in plans and policies, and identify the unique contributions of each organization-and notably academic institutions-to outbreak recognition, investigation, and control. Participants discussed issues and roles related to outbreak detection and management, risk communication, and coordination of policies and responsibilities before, during, and after an emergency, with emphasis on assets of universities that could be mobilized during an outbreak response. The exercise generated several lessons and recommendations identified by participants and evaluators. Key recommendations included a need to establish trigger points and protocols for information sharing and alerts among public health, academic, and law enforcement; to establish relationships with local, state, and federal stakeholders to facilitate communications during an emergency; and to catalogue and leverage strengths, assets, and priorities of academic institutions to add value to outbreak responses. C1 [Howell, Kelly; Gargano, Lisa M.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Res Projects, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Morris, J. Glenn, Jr.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. [Greenspan, Allison] Emory Global Hlth Inst, IANPHI, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mitchell, Joanne] Bridgewell Solut, Decatur, GA USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Potter, Morris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US FDA, Atlanta, GA USA. [Potter, Morris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, FDA Liaison, Atlanta, GA USA. [Woods, Christopher] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. RP Gargano, LM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Med, Res Projects, 1462 Clifton Rd,Room 446, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lgargan@emory.edu FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000064]; NIAID NIH HHS [U54-AI-057157]; OID CDC HHS [H75CH00002]; PHS HHS [U38/CCU423095] NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 1 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0040 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 917ZU UT WOS:000302219400009 PM 22283568 ER PT J AU Corley, CD Lancaster, MJ Brigantic, RT Chung, JS Walters, RA Arthur, RR Bruckner-Lea, CJ Calapristi, A Dowling, G Hartley, DM Kennedy, S Kircher, A Klucking, S Lee, EK McKenzie, T Nelson, NP Olsen, J Pancerella, C Quitugua, TN Reed, JT Thomas, CS AF Corley, Courtney D. Lancaster, Mary J. Brigantic, Robert T. Chung, James S. Walters, Ronald A. Arthur, Ray R. Bruckner-Lea, Cynthia J. Calapristi, Augustin Dowling, Glenn Hartley, David M. Kennedy, Shaun Kircher, Amy Klucking, Sara Lee, Eva K. McKenzie, Taylor Nelson, Noele P. Olsen, Jennifer Pancerella, Carmen Quitugua, Teresa N. Reed, Jeremy Todd Thomas, Carla S. TI ASSESSING THE CONTINUUM OF EVENT-BASED BIOSURVEILLANCE THROUGH AN OPERATIONAL LENS SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE OUTBREAK DETECTION; SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; WEB; EPIDEMICS; FEVER; FLU; REGULATIONS AB This research follows the Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems, Recommendations from the Guidelines Working Group, published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nearly a decade ago. Since then, models have been developed and complex systems have evolved with a breadth of disparate data to detect or forecast chemical, biological, and radiological events that have a significant impact on the One Health landscape. How the attributes identified in 2001 relate to the new range of event-based biosurveillance technologies is unclear. This article frames the continuum of event-based biosurveillance systems (that fuse media reports from the internet), models (ie, computational that forecast disease occurrence), and constructs (ie, descriptive analytical reports) through an operational lens (ie, aspects and attributes associated with operational considerations in the development, testing, and validation of the event-based biosurveillance methods and models and their use in an operational environment). A workshop was held in 2010 to scientifically identify, develop, and vet a set of attributes for event-based biosurveillance. Subject matter experts were invited from 7 federal government agencies and 6 different academic institutions pursuing research in biosurveillance event detection. We describe 8 attribute families for the characterization of event-based biosurveillance: event, readiness, operational aspects, geographic coverage, population coverage, input data, output, and cost. Ultimately, the analyses provide a framework from which the broad scope, complexity, and relevant issues germane to event-based biosurveillance useful in an operational environment can be characterized. C1 [Corley, Courtney D.; Lancaster, Mary J.; Brigantic, Robert T.; Chung, James S.; Walters, Ronald A.; Calapristi, Augustin; McKenzie, Taylor] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Arthur, Ray R.] CDC, Global Dis Detect Operat Ctr, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dowling, Glenn] Natl Ctr Med Intelligence, Off Chief Scientist, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Hartley, David M.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Nelson, Noele P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Kennedy, Shaun] Univ Minnesota, Natl Ctr Food Protect & Def, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Kircher, Amy] US Dept Def, US No Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA. [Klucking, Sara] US DHS, Threat Characterizat & Attribut Branch, Chem & Biol Def Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC USA. [Quitugua, Teresa N.] US DHS, Natl Biosurveillance Integrat Ctr, Off Hlth Affairs, Washington, DC USA. [Lee, Eva K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Operat Res Med & HealthCare, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Olsen, Jennifer] US DHHS, Fus Branch, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC USA. [Reed, Jeremy Todd] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Analyt Design Branch, Data Anal & Integrat Grp, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Thomas, Carla S.] Univ Calif Davis, Natl Plant Diagnost Network, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Corley, CD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Natl Secur Directorate, 902 Battelle BLVD,POB 999,MSIN K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM court@pnl.gov RI Lancaster, Mary/A-5065-2015; OI Hartley, David/0000-0001-5202-6278; Lancaster, Mary/0000-0002-2530-7004; , David/0000-0003-2589-2538 NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 1 BP 131 EP 141 DI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0096 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 917ZU UT WOS:000302219400013 PM 22320664 ER PT J AU Redd, SC Kosmos, CA AF Redd, Stephen C. Kosmos, Christine A. TI COLLABORATION IN STATE HEALTH DEPARTMENTS ON THE IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM DURING THE H1N1 RESPONSE SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Redd, Stephen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kosmos, Christine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Redd, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM scr1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 1 BP 155 EP 157 DI 10.1089/bsp.2012.0001 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 917ZU UT WOS:000302219400017 PM 22455682 ER PT J AU Moore, SM Pollard, JP Nelson, ME AF Moore, Susan M. Pollard, Jonisha P. Nelson, Mary Ellen TI Task-specific postures in low-seam underground coal mining SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Knee; Kneeling; Crawling; Posture; Mining; Coal ID ADDUCTION MOMENT; FOOT ROTATION; KNEE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; IMPLEMENTATION; OCCUPATION; ERGONOMICS; DISORDERS; NUTRITION; FLEXION AB The objective of this study was to determine low-seam mine worker exposure to various postures as they pertain to job classifications and job tasks. Sixty-four mine workers from four low-seam coal mines participated. The mine workers reported the tasks they were required to complete and the two postures they used most frequently to perform them. They were provided with a schematic of postures from which to select. The two postures reported most frequently were identified for each task along with the job classification of the workers performing the tasks. Of the 18 tasks reported, over two thirds were performed by at least two different job classifications and over one third were performed by four or more job classifications. Across tasks, the postures used appeared to vary greatly. However, when grouped by job classification, the most frequently reported posture across all job classifications was kneeling near full flexion. Operating the continuous miner was associated with frequent squatting and was likely used because it affords great mobility, allowing operators to move quickly to avoid hazards. However, for environments with a restricted vertical height such as low-seam mining, the authors recommend squatting be avoided as data demonstrates that large amounts of femoral rollback and high muscle activity for the extensors when performing lateral lifts in this posture. Kneeling near full flexion was reported as the most frequently used posture by all job classifications and was likely due to the fact that it requires the least amount of muscle activity to maintain and has reduced pressures at the knee. However, the authors recommend this posture be avoided when performing lateral lifting tasks. Like squatting, kneeling near full flexion results in increased femoral rollback and may increase the stresses applied to the meniscus. Unlike lateral lifting, maintaining a static posture results in knee loading and muscle activity such that the mine worker should consider kneeling near full flexion and sitting on their heels. Although kneeling near full flexion is associated with injuries, there are benefits to this posture that are realized when statically kneeling (minimal muscle activity, allows worker to maintain an upright torso in low heights, and decreased loading at the knee). However, cartilage is avascular and nourished by synovial fluid. Therefore, one should frequently rotate between postures, assuming a more upright kneeling posture when possible and frequently fully flexing and extending the knee allowing nutrients to the cartilage. Relevance to industry: In 2009, over one fourth of underground coal mines that produced coal in the United States were considered low seam with an average working height of <109.2 cm (MSHA, 2009) restricting workers to their knees. Data exists regarding the biomechanical implications of kneeling postures and demonstrates the possibility of detrimental consequences to varying degrees for each posture. With each posture posing a different level of exposure to musculoskeletal disorder risk factors, it is essential to determine the postures mine workers use to perform their job tasks and how their postural options are restricted by the low-seam underground mining environment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Moore, Susan M.; Pollard, Jonisha P.; Nelson, Mary Ellen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Human Factors Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moore, SM (reprint author), 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM SMMoore@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-8141 J9 INT J IND ERGONOM JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.ergon.2012.01.002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering GA 921YB UT WOS:000302512900007 ER PT J AU Murphy, L Helmick, CG AF Murphy, Louise Helmick, Charles G. TI The Impact of Osteoarthritis in the United States: A Population-Health Perspective A population-based review of the fourth most common cause of hospitalization in U.S. adults (Reprinted from American Journal of Nursing, vol 112, pg S13-S19, 2012) SO ORTHOPAEDIC NURSING LA English DT Reprint DE epidemiology; osteoarthritis; population-based studies ID SYMPTOMATIC KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; OF-RHEUMATOLOGY CRITERIA; SURGEON PROCEDURE VOLUME; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; ARTHRITIS; OBESITY; CLASSIFICATION AB Arthritis, of which osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type, is the most frequent cause of disability among adults in the United States. The authors reviewed the epidemiologic literature to identify studies that describe the population-based burden of OA-that is, the burden in all adults in the community. They found that 27 million adults-more than 10% of the U. S. adult population-had clinical OA in 2005, and in 2009 OA was the fourth most common cause of hospitalization. OA is the leading indication for joint replacement surgery; 905,000 knee and hip replacements were performed in 2009 at a cost of $42.3 billion. Obesity is a strong risk factor for OA of the knee and hip. Nurses can improve the quality of life of people with OA by raising awareness among their patients and peers of the substantial OA burden and the strategies, such as physical activity, that can reduce it. C1 [Murphy, Louise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Murphy, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. EM lmurphy1@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0744-6020 EI 1542-538X J9 ORTHOP NURS JI Orthop. Nurs. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1097/NOR.0b013e31824fcd42 PG 7 WC Nursing; Orthopedics SC Nursing; Orthopedics GA 917JK UT WOS:000302170300005 PM 22446800 ER PT J AU Brady, T AF Brady, Teresa TI Strategies to Support Self-Management in Osteoarthritis Five Categories of Interventions, Including Education (Reprinted from American Journal of Nursing, vol 112, pg S54-S60, 2012) SO ORTHOPAEDIC NURSING LA English DT Reprint DE osteoarthritis; self-management; self-management support ID CHRONIC ILLNESS; CHRONIC DISEASE; WEIGHT-LOSS; RHEUMATIC-DISEASES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; OLDER-ADULTS; PRIMARY-CARE; ARTHRITIS; METAANALYSIS AB OVERVIEW: This overview of successful strategies for supporting self-management in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) defines the concepts of self-management, self-management support (SMS), and self-management education (SME); describes five categories of SMS interventions; identifies common elements across SMS categories; and provides evidence for and examples of self-management tools that are useful in OA. SMS categories include SME, other skill-building and behavior-change interventions, supportive provider interactions, ongoing supportive follow-up, and environmental changes. Where available, relevant OA-specific SMS strategies are used to illustrate these categories. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arthrit Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brady, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arthrit Program, Atlanta, GA USA. EM tob9@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0744-6020 J9 ORTHOP NURS JI Orthop. Nurs. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 124 EP 130 DI 10.1097/NOR.0b013e31824fcf47 PG 7 WC Nursing; Orthopedics SC Nursing; Orthopedics GA 917JK UT WOS:000302170300012 PM 22446807 ER PT J AU King, BA Dube, SR Tynan, MA AF King, Brian A. Dube, Shanta R. Tynan, Michael A. TI Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Cars Among Middle and High School Students-United States, 2000-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE smoking; tobacco smoke pollution; motor vehicles; adolescent ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; 4 COUNTRY SURVEY; MOTOR-VEHICLES; BANNING SMOKING; CHILDREN; HEALTH; HOMES; PREDICTORS; SUPPORT; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from cigarettes poses a significant health risk to nonsmokers. Among youth, the home is the primary source of SHS. However, little is known about youth exposure to SHS in other nonpublic areas, particularly motor vehicles. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2009 waves of the National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative survey of US students in grades 6 to 12. Trends in SHS exposure in a car were assessed across survey years by school level, gender, and race/ethnicity by using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2009, the prevalence of SHS exposure in cars declined significantly among both nonsmokers (39.0%-22.8%; trend P < .001) and smokers (82.3%-75.3%; trend P < .001). Among nonsmokers, this decline occurred across all school level, gender, and race/ethnicity subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: SHS exposure in cars decreased significantly among US middle and high school students from 2000 to 2009. Nevertheless, in 2009, over one-fifth of nonsmoking students were exposed to SHS in cars. Jurisdictions should expand comprehensive smoke-free policies that prohibit smoking in worksites and public places to also prohibit smoking in motor vehicles occupied by youth. Pediatrics 2012; 129:446-452 C1 [King, Brian A.; Dube, Shanta R.; Tynan, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [King, Brian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 IS 3 BP 446 EP 452 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2307 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 922IQ UT WOS:000302541000040 PM 22311992 ER PT J AU Fiore, AE Epperson, S Perrotta, D Bernstein, H Neuzil, K AF Fiore, Anthony E. Epperson, Scott Perrotta, Dennis Bernstein, Henry Neuzil, Kathleen TI Expanding the Recommendations for Annual Influenza Vaccination to School-Age Children in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccination; mass vaccination; immunization programs; school-age population; school health services ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; A H1N1; SCHOOLCHILDREN; VACCINES; BURDEN; MORTALITY; TRIVALENT AB BACKGROUND: Despite long-standing recommendations to vaccinate children who have underlying chronic medical conditions or who are contacts of high-risk persons, vaccination coverage among school-age children remains low. Community studies have indicated that school-age children have the highest incidence of influenza and are an important source of amplifying and sustaining community transmission that affects all age groups. METHODS: A consultation to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a universal recommendation for annual influenza vaccination of all children age >= 6 months was held in Atlanta, Georgia, in September 2007. Consultants provided summaries of current data on vaccine effectiveness, safety, supply, successful program implementation, and economics studies and discussed challenges associated with continuing a risk-and contact-based vaccination strategy compared with a universal vaccination recommendation. RESULTS: Consultants noted that school-age children had a substantial illness burden caused by influenza, that vaccine was safe and effective for children aged 6 months through 18 years, and that evidence suggested that vaccinating school-age children would provide benefits to both the vaccinated children and their unvaccinated household and community contacts. However, implementation of an annual recommendation for all school-age children would pose major challenges to parents, medical providers and health care systems. Alternative vaccination venues were needed, and of these school-located vaccination programs might offer the most promise as an alternative vaccination site for school-age children. CONCLUSIONS: Expansion of recommendations to include all school-age children will require additional development of an infrastructure to support implementation and methods to adequately evaluate impact. Pediatrics 2012;129:S54-S62 C1 [Fiore, Anthony E.; Epperson, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Influenza & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Perrotta, Dennis] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perrotta, Dennis] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Emergency Med Preparedness & Response, Houston, TX USA. [Bernstein, Henry] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Lebanon, NH USA. [Bernstein, Henry] Childrens Hosp Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Fiore, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Influenza & Resp Dis, Mailstop A06,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM afiore@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U38HM000414] FX This publication received funding from Cooperative Agreement 1U38HM000414 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 SU 2 BP S54 EP S62 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0737C PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 923EE UT WOS:000302601300002 PM 22383482 ER PT J AU Fishbane, M Kist, A Schieber, RA AF Fishbane, Marsha Kist, Anne Schieber, Richard A. TI Use of the Emergency Incident Command System for School- located Mass Influenza Vaccination Clinics SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccination; immunization programs; mass vaccination; school-aged population; school health services ID HEALTH AB In Palm Beach County, Florida, the fall 2005 influenza vaccination season was interrupted by Hurricane Wilma, a particularly destructive storm that resulted in flooding, power outages, extensive property damage, and suspension of many routine community services. In its aftermath, all public health resources were immediately turned to the response and recovery process. School-located mass influenza vaccination (SLV) clinics were scheduled to begin in 1 week, but were necessarily postponed for a month. The juxtaposition of these 2 major public health events afforded the school district, health department, and other community services an opportunity to see their similarities and adopt the Incident Command System structure to manage the SLV clinics across West Palm Beach County, Florida, a geographically large county. Other lessons were learned during the hurricane concerning organizations and people, processes, and communications, and were applicable to school-located mass influenza vaccination programs, and vice versa. Those lessons are related here. Pediatrics 2012;129:S101-S106 C1 [Schieber, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fishbane, Marsha; Kist, Anne] Palm Beach Cty Hlth Dept, W Palm Beach, FL USA. RP Schieber, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RSchieber@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 SU 2 BP S101 EP S106 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0737J PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 923EE UT WOS:000302601300009 PM 22383479 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM Fiore, AE Schieber, RA AF Neuzil, Kathleen M. Fiore, Anthony E. Schieber, Richard A. TI Evolution of the Pediatric Influenza Vaccination Program in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; READY C1 [Schieber, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices Influenza Work, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fiore, Anthony E.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schieber, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rschieber@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 SU 2 BP S51 EP S53 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0737B PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 923EE UT WOS:000302601300001 PM 22383481 ER PT J AU Schieber, RA Kennedy, A Kahn, EB AF Schieber, Richard A. Kennedy, Allison Kahn, Emily B. TI Early Experience Conducting School-located Vaccination Programs for Seasonal Influenza SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccination; mass vaccination; immunization programs; school-age population; school health services ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; COVERAGE; SYSTEM AB OBJECTIVES: We determined program effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptance of school-located vaccination (SLV) clinics for seasonal influenza that took place before the 2008 universal influenza vaccination recommendations. METHODS: We surveyed program directors of 23 programs in the United States who conducted SLV clinics during the 2005 to 2006 and 2006 to 2007 influenza seasons. RESULTS: Of 391 423 children enrolled in schools with SLV clinics, 61 463 (15.7%) were vaccinated at 499 sites (schools) in 23 programs. Of these, 22 were small-and medium-sized programs that vaccinated 32 875 (24.1%) of the 136 151 children enrolled there, averaging 31.9% of students per site. One populous county vaccinated an additional 28 588 (11.2%) of its 255 272 enrolled children, averaging 13.9% per school. Children in grades K to 6 had consistently higher mean vaccination rates (21.5%) compared with middle school children (10.3%) or high school youth (5.8%). Program acceptability was high, and no program had to forego any key public health activities; 5 hired temporary help or paid overtime. The outlook for continuing such clinics was good in 7 programs, but depended on help with vaccine purchasing (9), funding (8), or additional personnel (4), with multiple responses allowed. CONCLUSIONS: These vaccination coverage rates provide a baseline for future performance of school-located mass vaccination clinics. Although the existence and conduct of these programs in our study was considered acceptable by leaders of public health departments and anecdotally by parents and school administrators, sustainability may require additional means to pay for vaccines or personnel beyond the usual available health department resources. Pediatrics 2012;129:S68-S74 C1 [Schieber, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Immunizat Serv, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kahn, Emily B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schieber, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rschieber@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Emily/0000-0001-7812-7958 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 SU 2 BP S68 EP S74 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0737E PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 923EE UT WOS:000302601300004 PM 22383484 ER PT J AU Vogt, TM Wortley, PM AF Vogt, Tara M. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Epilogue: School-located Influenza Vaccination During the 2009-2010 Pandemic and Beyond SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; A H1N1 C1 [Vogt, Tara M.; Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vogt, TM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tcv3@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 SU 2 BP S107 EP S109 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0737K PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 923EE UT WOS:000302601300010 PM 22383480 ER PT J AU Al-Samarrai, T Gounder, P Bernard, MA Shepard, CW AF Al-Samarrai, T. Gounder, P. Bernard, M. A. Shepard, C. W. TI Need for Oversight and Standardization of HIV Screening for Living Organ Donors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Al-Samarrai, T.; Gounder, P.; Bernard, M. A.; Shepard, C. W.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Al-Samarrai, T.; Gounder, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Al-Samarrai, T (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental, Long Isl City, NY USA. RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 789 EP 790 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03890.x PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 899QZ UT WOS:000300832500038 PM 22226128 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Human teratogens update 2011: Can we ensure safety during pregnancy? SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PROTON-PUMP INHIBITORS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; CONGENITAL-ABNORMALITIES; UNITED-STATES; RISK; INFLUENZA; ASTHMA; WOMEN; ACETAMINOPHEN AB Anniversaries of the identification of three human teratogens (i.e., rubella virus in 1941, thalidomide in 1961, and diethylstilbestrol in 1971) occurred in 2011. These experiences highlight the critical role that scientists with an interest in teratology play in the identification of teratogenic exposures as the basis for developing strategies for prevention of those exposures and the adverse outcomes associated with them. However, an equally important responsibility for teratologists is to evaluate whether medications and vaccines are safe for use during pregnancy so informed decisions about disease treatment and prevention during pregnancy can be made. Several recent studies have examined the safety of medications during pregnancy, including antiviral medications used to treat herpes simplex and zoster, proton pump inhibitors used to treat gastroesophageal reflux, and newer-generation antiepileptic medications used to treat seizures and other conditions. Despite the large numbers of pregnant women included in these studies and the relatively reassuring results, the question of whether these medications are teratogens remains. In addition, certain vaccines are recommended during pregnancy to prevent infections in mothers and infants, but clinical trials to test these vaccines typically exclude pregnant women; thus, evaluation of their safety depends on observational studies. For pregnant women to receive optimal care, we need to define the data needed to determine whether a medication or vaccine is safe for use during pregnancy. In the absence of adequate, well-controlled data, it will often be necessary to weigh the benefits of medications or vaccines with potential risks to the embryo or fetus. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2012. (C) Published 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 94 IS 3 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1002/bdra.22887 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 907QX UT WOS:000301433600001 PM 22328359 ER PT J AU Agopian, AJ Lupo, PJ Tinker, SC Canfield, MA Mitchell, LE AF Agopian, A. J. Lupo, Philip J. Tinker, Sarah C. Canfield, Mark A. Mitchell, Laura E. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Working towards a risk prediction model for neural tube defects SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spina bifida; neural tube; anencephaly; congenital abnormalities; prediction; risk score ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; STRUCTURAL BIRTH-DEFECTS; SPINA-BIFIDA; UNITED-STATES; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; OBESE WOMEN; CLASSIFICATION; PREVENTION; CANCER; PREGNANCIES AB BACKGROUND Several risk factors have been consistently associated with neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the predictive ability of these risk factors in combination has not been evaluated. METHODS To assess the predictive ability of established risk factors for NTDs, we built predictive models using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, which is a large, population-based study of nonsyndromic birth defects. Cases with spina bifida or anencephaly, or both (n = 1239), and controls (n = 8494) were randomly divided into separate training (75% of cases and controls) and validation (remaining 25%) samples. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed with the training samples. The predictive ability of these models was evaluated in the validation samples by assessing the area under the receiver operator characteristic curves. An ordinal predictive risk index was also constructed and evaluated. In addition, the ability of classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to identify subgroups of women at increased risk for NTDs in offspring was evaluated. RESULTSThe predictive ability of the multivariable models was poor (area under the receiver operating curve: 0.55 for spina bifida only, 0.59 for anencephaly only, and 0.56 for anencephaly and spina bifida combined). The predictive abilities of the ordinal risk indexes and CART models were also low. CONCLUSION Current established risk factors for NTDs are insufficient for population-level prediction of a women's risk for having affected offspring. Identification of genetic risk factors and novel nongenetic risk factors will be critical to establishing models, with good predictive ability, for NTDs. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Agopian, A. J.; Lupo, Philip J.; Mitchell, Laura E.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Genet, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tinker, Sarah C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP Mitchell, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Genet, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM laura.e.mitchell@uth.tmc.edu OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01DD000494-03]; Texas Department of State Health Services FX Supported by the The Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, under a cooperative agreement (#5U01DD000494-03) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the Texas Department of State Health Services NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 94 IS 3 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1002/bdra.22883 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 907QX UT WOS:000301433600004 PM 22253139 ER PT J AU Farb, AF Matjasko, JL AF Farb, Amy Feldman Matjasko, Jennifer L. TI Recent advances in research on school-based extracurricular activities and adolescent development SO DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Extracurricular activities; Adolescents; Academic achievement; Substance use; Well-being; Delinquency; Person-centered approach; Intensity; Breadth; Duration ID ORGANIZED ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; YOUTH ACTIVITY INVOLVEMENT; ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT; SPORTS PARTICIPATION; EDUCATIONAL-ATTAINMENT; ATHLETIC INVOLVEMENT; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SOCIAL-ADJUSTMENT AB Updating a previous systematic review of the literature, this review summarizes the literature over the last 5 years on the relationship between school-based extracurricular activity participation and academic achievement, substance use, sexual activity, psychological adjustment, and delinquency. The review also considers mediators and moderators of these relationships. This review also discusses recent advances in activity research including participation measurement (intensity, breadth, and duration), person-centered approaches, and an exploration of the overscheduling hypothesis. The review reveals a mixed picture of the relationship between activity participation and these adolescent developmental outcomes. A call for continued exploration into measurement issues, analysis approaches, outcome measures, and causal models of activities and adolescent functioning is made. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Farb, Amy Feldman] US Dept HHS, Off Adolescent Hlth, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Matjasko, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farb, AF (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Adolescent Hlth, 1101 Wootton Pkwy,Suite 700, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM amy.farb@hhs.gov NR 79 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 6 U2 50 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2297 J9 DEV REV JI Dev. Rev. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.dr.2011.10.001 PG 48 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 917SD UT WOS:000302198000001 ER PT J AU Rawasia, WF Sridaran, S Patel, JC Abdallah, J Ghanchi, NK Barnwell, JW Escalante, AA Udhayakumar, V Beg, MA AF Rawasia, Wasiq Faraz Sridaran, Sankar Patel, Jaymin C. Abdallah, Joseph Ghanchi, Najia Karim Barnwell, John W. Escalante, Ananias A. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Beg, Mohammad Asim TI Genetic backgrounds of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistant transporter (pfcrt) alleles in Pakistan SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; Chloroquine; Drug resistance ID SELECTIVE SWEEPS; MOLECULAR MARKER; ANTIMALARIAL RESISTANCE; MALARIA PARASITES; AMPLIFICATION; HITCHHIKING; PREVALENCE; MUTATIONS; PUNJAB; INDIA AB Chloroquine (CQ) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has been associated with point mutations in the P. falciparum CQ resistance transporter gene (pfcrt). Previous studies have shown 4-5 independent origins for CQ resistant pfcrt alleles globally, two in South America, one each in Southeast Asia, Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Philippines. In Asia, at least two different alleles corresponding to amino acids 7276 (CVIET and SVMNT) have been found. The CVIET allele originated in Southeast Asia and then spread to Asia and Africa as well. The SVMNT allele, originating from PNG, has been found in India. This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic background of the CQ resistant pfcrt haplotypes in Pakistan. We genotyped microsatellite markers surrounding the pfcrt gene (six different markers at -12.3, -4.8, -1, 1.5, 3.9, 18.8 kb) in 114 clinical isolates of P. falciparum collected from different regions in Pakistan. Microsatellite analysis showed a significant reduction in genetic variation among the mutant SVMNT pfcrt alleles when compared to wild type alleles. The predominant SVMNT haplotype found in this study shared the same microsatellite haplotype found in both PNG and India. Two isolates with CVIET haplotypes showed similar microsatellite background to those found in Africa and Asia. In conclusion, this study suggests that CQ resistant SVMNT haplotypes in India and Pakistan have a common ancestral origin similar to that of Papua New Guinean isolates. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sridaran, Sankar; Patel, Jaymin C.; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rawasia, Wasiq Faraz] Aga Khan Univ, Coll Med, Karachi, Pakistan. [Ghanchi, Najia Karim; Beg, Mohammad Asim] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Sridaran, Sankar; Abdallah, Joseph] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Udhayakumar, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Mail Stop D-67, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vxu0@cdc.gov; masim.beg@aku.edo FU HEC-USAID; CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Decatur, GA; CDC; AREF; US National Institute of Health [R01GM084320] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support provided HEC-USAID Grant awarded to Dr Rumina Hasan at Aga Khan University for building this CDC-AKU collaboration (MAB) and Higher Education Commission, Government of Pakistan (NKG). We acknowledge funding support from the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group and Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF), Decatur, GA. SS was initially supported by Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship from CDC and subsequently through AREF. AE is supported by the Grant R01GM084320 from the US National Institute of Health. We thank Dr. Tauqeer Alam for providing technical assistance for the experimental work and in supporting the data analysis and editing the manuscript. We appreciate Mr. Ira Goldman for reviewing the manuscript. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 278 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.11.008 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 921XT UT WOS:000302512100011 PM 22138496 ER PT J AU McPhail, B Tie, YF Hong, HX Pearce, BA Schnackenberg, LK Ge, WG Valerio, LG Fuscoe, JC Tong, WD Buzatu, DA Wilkes, JG Fowler, BA Demchuk, E Beger, RD AF McPhail, Brooks Tie, Yunfeng Hong, Huixiao Pearce, Bruce A. Schnackenberg, Laura K. Ge, Weigong Valerio, Luis G., Jr. Fuscoe, James C. Tong, Weida Buzatu, Dan A. Wilkes, Jon G. Fowler, Bruce A. Demchuk, Eugene Beger, Richard D. TI Modeling Chemical Interaction Profiles: I. Spectral Data-Activity Relationship and Structure-Activity Relationship Models for Inhibitors and Non-inhibitors of Cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 Isozymes SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE structure-activity relationship; SAR; SDAR; classifier; cytochrome P450; inhibitor; CYP3A4; CYP2D6 ID DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR BINDING; VECTOR MACHINE APPROACH; ANALYSIS COSCOSA MODELS; IN-VITRO; DECISION FOREST; C-13 NMR; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; MOLECULAR DESCRIPTORS; SPECTROMETRIC DATA AB An interagency collaboration was established to model chemical interactions that may cause adverse health effects when an exposure to a mixture of chemicals occurs. Many of these chemicals-drugs, pesticides, and environmental pollutants-interact at the level of metabolic biotransformations mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. In the present work, spectral data-activity relationship (SDAR) and structure- activity relationship (SAR) approaches were used to develop machine-learning classifiers of inhibitors and non-inhibitors of the CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isozymes. The models were built upon 602 reference pharmaceutical compounds whose interactions have been deduced from clinical data, and 100 additional chemicals that were used to evaluate model performance in an external validation (EV) test. SDAR is an innovative modeling approach that relies on discriminant analysis applied to binned nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral descriptors. In the present work, both 1D C-13 and 1D N-15-NMR spectra were used together in a novel implementation of the SDAR technique. It was found that increasing the binning size of 1D C-13-NMR and N-15-NMR spectra caused an increase in the tenfold cross-validation (CV) performance in terms of both the rate of correct classification and sensitivity. The results of SDAR modeling were verified using SAR. For SAR modeling, a decision forest approach involving from 6 to 17 Mold(2) descriptors in a tree was used. Average rates of correct classification of SDAR and SAR models in a hundred CV tests were 60% and 61% for CYP3A4, and 62% and 70% for CYP2D6, respectively. The rates of correct classification of SDAR and SAR models in the EV test were 73% and 86% for CYP3A4, and 76% and 90% for CYP2D6, respectively. Thus, both SDAR and SAR methods demonstrated a comparable performance in modeling a large set of structurally diverse data. Based on unique NMR structural descriptors, the new SDAR modeling method complements the existing SAR techniques, providing an independent estimator that can increase confidence in a structure- activity assessment. When modeling was applied to hazardous environmental chemicals, it was found that up to 20% of them may be substrates and up to 10% of them may be inhibitors of the CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms. The developed models provide a rare opportunity for the environmental health branch of the public health service to extrapolate to hazardous chemicals directly from human clinical data. Therefore, the pharmacological and environmental health branches are both expected to benefit from these reported models. C1 [McPhail, Brooks; Tie, Yunfeng; Fowler, Bruce A.; Demchuk, Eugene] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hong, Huixiao; Pearce, Bruce A.; Schnackenberg, Laura K.; Ge, Weigong; Fuscoe, James C.; Tong, Weida; Buzatu, Dan A.; Wilkes, Jon G.; Beger, Richard D.] US FDA, Div Syst Biol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Valerio, Luis G., Jr.] US FDA, Sci & Res Staff, Off Pharmaceut Sci, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Demchuk, Eugene] W Virginia Univ, Dept Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Demchuk, E (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BMcPhail@cdc.gov; YTie@cdc.gov; huixiao.hong@fda.hhs.gov; BruceA.Pearce@fda.hhs.gov; Laura.Schnackenberg@fda.hhs.gov; Weigong.Ge@fda.hhs.gov; Luis.Valerio@fda.hhs.gov; James.Fuscoe@fda.hhs.gov; Weida.Tong@fda.hhs.gov; Dan.Buzatu@fda.hhs.gov; Jon.Wilkes@fda.hhs.gov; BFowler@icfi.com; EDemchuk@cdc.gov; Richard.Beger@fda.hhs.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX We thank Grazyna Szklarz and Russ Savage for helpful comments. This work was partially supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (B. M. and Y. T.). NR 84 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD MAR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 3383 EP 3406 DI 10.3390/molecules17033383 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 916RJ UT WOS:000302120600072 PM 22421792 ER PT J AU Tie, YF McPhail, B Hong, HX Pearce, BA Schnackenberg, LK Ge, WG Buzatu, DA Wilkes, JG Fuscoe, JC Tong, WD Fowler, BA Beger, RD Demchuk, E AF Tie, Yunfeng McPhail, Brooks Hong, Huixiao Pearce, Bruce A. Schnackenberg, Laura K. Ge, Weigong Buzatu, Dan A. Wilkes, Jon G. Fuscoe, James C. Tong, Weida Fowler, Bruce A. Beger, Richard D. Demchuk, Eugene TI Modeling Chemical Interaction Profiles: II. Molecular Docking, Spectral Data-Activity Relationship, and Structure-Activity Relationship Models for Potent and Weak Inhibitors of Cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 Isozyme SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE structure-activity relationship; SAR; QSAR; SDAR; docking; molecular modeling; inhibitor; CYP3A4; drug-drug interaction; drug-chemical interaction; DDI; DDCI ID DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS; HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; MECHANISM-BASED INACTIVATION; PROTEIN-BINDING SITES; IN-VITRO; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; 3A4 INHIBITION; IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES; CLINICAL-RELEVANCE; AUTOMATED DOCKING AB Polypharmacy increasingly has become a topic of public health concern, particularly as the U. S. population ages. Drug labels often contain insufficient information to enable the clinician to safely use multiple drugs. Because many of the drugs are bio-transformed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, inhibition of CYP activity has long been associated with potentially adverse health effects. In an attempt to reduce the uncertainty pertaining to CYP-mediated drug-drug/chemical interactions, an interagency collaborative group developed a consensus approach to prioritizing information concerning CYP inhibition. The consensus involved computational molecular docking, spectral data-activity relationship (SDAR), and structure-activity relationship (SAR) models that addressed the clinical potency of CYP inhibition. The models were built upon chemicals that were categorized as either potent or weak inhibitors of the CYP3A4 isozyme. The categorization was carried out using information from clinical trials because currently available in vitro high-throughput screening data were not fully representative of the in vivo potency of inhibition. During categorization it was found that compounds, which break the Lipinski rule of five by molecular weight, were about twice more likely to be inhibitors of CYP3A4 compared to those, which obey the rule. Similarly, among inhibitors that break the rule, potent inhibitors were 2-3 times more frequent. The molecular docking classification relied on logistic regression, by which the docking scores from different docking algorithms, CYP3A4 three-dimensional structures, and binding sites on them were combined in a unified probabilistic model. The SDAR models employed a multiple linear regression approach applied to binned 1D C-13-NMR and 1D N-15-NMR spectral descriptors. Structure-based and physical-chemical descriptors were used as the basis for developing SAR models by the decision forest method. Thirty-three potent inhibitors and 88 weak inhibitors of CYP3A4 were used to train the models. Using these models, a synthetic majority rules consensus classifier was implemented, while the confidence of estimation was assigned following the percent agreement strategy. The classifier was applied to a testing set of 120 inhibitors not included in the development of the models. Five compounds of the test set, including known strong inhibitors dalfopristin and tioconazole, were classified as probable potent inhibitors of CYP3A4. Other known strong inhibitors, such as lopinavir, oltipraz, quercetin, raloxifene, and troglitazone, were among 18 compounds classified as plausible potent inhibitors of CYP3A4. The consensus estimation of inhibition potency is expected to aid in the nomination of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, environmental pollutants, and occupational and other chemicals for in-depth evaluation of the CYP3A4 inhibitory activity. It may serve also as an estimate of chemical interactions via CYP3A4 metabolic pharmacokinetic pathways occurring through polypharmacy and nutritional and environmental exposures to chemical mixtures. C1 [Tie, Yunfeng; McPhail, Brooks; Fowler, Bruce A.; Demchuk, Eugene] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hong, Huixiao; Pearce, Bruce A.; Schnackenberg, Laura K.; Ge, Weigong; Buzatu, Dan A.; Wilkes, Jon G.; Fuscoe, James C.; Tong, Weida; Beger, Richard D.] US FDA, Div Syst Biol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Demchuk, Eugene] W Virginia Univ, Dept Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Demchuk, E (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM YTie@cdc.gov; BMcPhail@cdc.gov; Huixiao.Hong@fda.hhs.gov; BruceA.Pearce@fda.hhs.gov; Laura.Schnackenberg@fda.hhs.gov; Weigong.Ge@fda.hhs.gov; Dan.Buzatu@fda.hhs.gov; Jon.Wilkes@fda.hhs.gov; James.Fuscoe@fda.hhs.gov; Weida.Tong@fda.hhs.gov; BFowler@icfi.com; Richard.Beger@fda.hhs.gov; EDemchuk@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX We are grateful to Tingjun Hou for sharing the bioavailability database, Minjun Chen for providing Cmax values, Grazyna Szklarz and Russ Savage for insightful comments, the OpenEye Scientific Software, Inc. for a non-profit software license, and the National Cancer Institute for computer time and technical support at the Advanced Biomedical Computing Center of the Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center. This work was partially supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (B. M. and Y. T.). NR 154 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 27 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD MAR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 3407 EP 3460 DI 10.3390/molecules17033407 PG 54 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 916RJ UT WOS:000302120600073 PM 22421793 ER PT J AU Conrad, MD Gorman, AW Schillinger, JA Fiori, PL Arroyo, R Malla, N Dubey, ML Gonzalez, J Blank, S Secor, WE Carlton, JM AF Conrad, Melissa D. Gorman, Andrew W. Schillinger, Julia A. Fiori, Pier Luigi Arroyo, Rossana Malla, Nancy Dubey, Mohan Lal Gonzalez, Jorge Blank, Susan Secor, William E. Carlton, Jane M. TI Extensive Genetic Diversity, Unique Population Structure and Evidence of Genetic Exchange in the Sexually Transmitted Parasite Trichomonas vaginalis SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; STRANDED-RNA VIRUS; METRONIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY; SEQUENCE DATA; INFECTION AB Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of human trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection world-wide. Despite its prevalence, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of this haploid parasite due to the lack of appropriate tools. The development of a panel of microsatellite makers and SNPs from mining the parasite's genome sequence has paved the way to a global analysis of the genetic structure of the pathogen and association with clinical phenotypes. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we utilize a panel of T. vaginalis-specific genetic markers to genotype 235 isolates from Mexico, Chile, India, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Italy, Africa and the United States, including 19 clinical isolates recently collected from 270 women attending New York City sexually transmitted disease clinics. Using population genetic analysis, we show that T. vaginalis is a genetically diverse parasite with a unique population structure consisting of two types present in equal proportions world-wide. Parasites belonging to the two types (type 1 and type 2) differ significantly in the rate at which they harbor the T. vaginalis virus, a dsRNA virus implicated in parasite pathogenesis, and in their sensitivity to the widely-used drug, metronidazole. We also uncover evidence of genetic exchange, indicating a sexual life-cycle of the parasite despite an absence of morphologically-distinct sexual stages. Conclusions/Significance: Our study represents the first robust and comprehensive evaluation of global T. vaginalis genetic diversity and population structure. Our identification of a unique two-type structure, and the clinically relevant phenotypes associated with them, provides a new dimension for understanding T. vaginalis pathogenesis. In addition, our demonstration of the possibility of genetic exchange in the parasite has important implications for genetic research and control of the disease. C1 [Conrad, Melissa D.; Gorman, Andrew W.; Carlton, Jane M.] NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Schillinger, Julia A.; Blank, Susan] Bur Sexually Transmitted Dis Control, New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Schillinger, Julia A.; Blank, Susan] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fiori, Pier Luigi] Univ Sassari, Dept Biomed Sci, Div Microbiol, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Arroyo, Rossana] Inst Politecn Nacl CINVESTAV IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Infect & Patogenesis Mol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Malla, Nancy; Dubey, Mohan Lal] Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Parasitol, Chandigarh 160012, India. [Gonzalez, Jorge] Univ Antofagasta, Fac Hlth Sci, Mol Parasitol Unit, Antofagasta, Chile. [Secor, William E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Conrad, MD (reprint author), NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM Jane.Carlton@nyu.edu OI Fiori, Pier Luigi/0000-0001-6190-612X FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease [5R21AI083954-02]; New York University School of Medicine [5T32AI007180-28] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease grant 5R21AI083954-02 to JMC. MC was partially supported by New York University School of Medicine institutional training grant 5T32AI007180-28. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 66 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 AR e1573 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001573 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 916VU UT WOS:000302132100025 PM 22479659 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Gustin, KM Maines, TR Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Gustin, Kortney M. Maines, Taronna R. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Influenza Virus Respiratory Infection and Transmission Following Ocular Inoculation in Ferrets SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID AVIAN-INFLUENZA; A VIRUSES; EPIDEMIC KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; H7 VIRUSES; HONG-KONG; H5N1; HUMANS; PATHOGENESIS; VIRULENCE AB While influenza viruses are a common respiratory pathogen, sporadic reports of conjunctivitis following human infection demonstrates the ability of this virus to cause disease outside of the respiratory tract. The ocular surface represents both a potential site of virus replication and a portal of entry for establishment of a respiratory infection. However, the properties which govern ocular tropism of influenza viruses, the mechanisms of virus spread from ocular to respiratory tissue, and the potential differences in respiratory disease initiated from different exposure routes are poorly understood. Here, we established a ferret model of ocular inoculation to explore the development of virus pathogenicity and transmissibility following influenza virus exposure by the ocular route. We found that multiple subtypes of human and avian influenza viruses mounted a productive virus infection in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets following ocular inoculation, and were additionally detected in ocular tissue during the acute phase of infection. H5N1 viruses maintained their ability for systemic spread and lethal infection following inoculation by the ocular route. Replication-independent deposition of virus inoculum from ocular to respiratory tissue was limited to the nares and upper trachea, unlike traditional intranasal inoculation which results in virus deposition in both upper and lower respiratory tract tissues. Despite high titers of replicating transmissible seasonal viruses in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets inoculated by the ocular route, virus transmissibility to naive contacts by respiratory droplets was reduced following ocular inoculation. These data improve our understanding of the mechanisms of virus spread following ocular exposure and highlight differences in the establishment of respiratory disease and virus transmissibility following use of different inoculation volumes and routes. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Gustin, Kortney M.; Maines, Taronna R.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Belser, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov RI Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The source of funding for this work was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3 AR e1002569 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002569 PG 13 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 918CC UT WOS:000302225600023 PM 22396651 ER PT J AU Kilbourne, AM Neumann, MS Waxmonsky, J Bauer, MS Kim, HM Pincus, HA Thomas, M AF Kilbourne, Amy M. Neumann, Mary Spink Waxmonsky, Jeanette Bauer, Mark S. Kim, Hyungin Myra Pincus, Harold Alan Thomas, Marshall TI Evidence-Based Implementation: The Role of Sustained Community-Based Practice and Research Partnerships SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH-SERVICES RESEARCH; SCIENCE AB This column describes a process for adapting an evidence-based practice in community clinics in which researchers and community providers participated and the resulting framework for implementation of the practice Replicating Effective Programs Facilitation. A two-day meeting for the Recovery-Oriented Collaborative Care study was conducted to elicit input from more than 50 stakeholders, including community providers, health care administrators, and implementation researchers. The process illustrates an effective researcher-community partnership in which stakeholders worked together not only to adapt the evidence-based practice to the needs of the clinical settings but also to develop the implementation strategy. (Psychiatric Services 63:205 207, 2012; doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201200032) C1 [Kilbourne, Amy M.; Kim, Hyungin Myra] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Kilbourne, Amy M.; Kim, Hyungin Myra] US Dept Vet Affairs, Ann Arbor Ctr Clin Management Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Neumann, Mary Spink] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Waxmonsky, Jeanette; Thomas, Marshall] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Bauer, Mark S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Pincus, Harold Alan] Columbia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. RP Kilbourne, AM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Psychiat, 11H,2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM amykilbo@umich.edu RI Waxmonsky, Jeanette/L-4739-2013 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH 79994, R01 MH 74509] NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 63 IS 3 BP 205 EP 207 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.201200032 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 917NV UT WOS:000302185600003 PM 22388527 ER PT J AU Pradhan, N Ryman, TK Varkey, S Ranjan, A Gupta, SK Krishna, G Swetanki, RP Young, R AF Pradhan, Narottam Ryman, Tove K. Varkey, Sherin Ranjan, Alok Gupta, Satish K. Krishna, Gopal Swetanki, R. P. Young, Randall TI Expanding and improving urban outreach immunization in Patna, India SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE urban; immunization; outreach; Patna ID STRATEGIES; COVERAGE; PROGRESS; AFRICA AB Objectives We conducted a case study of an urban immunization outreach strategy to determine the feasibility of the intervention and to measure administrative immunization coverage outcomes. methods A multipronged strategy for improving immunization coverage in Urban Patna, India, was implemented for 1 year (2009 / 2010). The strategy was designed to increase immunization sites, shift human resources, plan logistics, improve community mobilization, provide supervision, strengthen data flow and implement special vaccination drives. results Over 1 year, the coverage of all primary vaccines of the Universal Immunization Program improved by over 100%. conclusion Coverage can be rapidly improved through outreach immunization in low socioeconomic areas if existing opportunities are carefully utilized. C1 [Pradhan, Narottam; Varkey, Sherin; Ranjan, Alok] Field Off Bihar, UNICEF, Patna, Bihar, India. [Ryman, Tove K.; Young, Randall] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gupta, Satish K.] Unicef Country Off, New Delhi, India. [Krishna, Gopal; Swetanki, R. P.] Govt Bihar, Dept Hlth Serv, Patna, Bihar, India. RP Pradhan, N (reprint author), 138 Sundar Nagar, New Delhi 110003, India. EM narottamp@unops.org NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 292 EP 299 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02916.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 897VG UT WOS:000300686600005 PM 22168133 ER PT J AU Dizon-Townson, D Miller, C Momirova, V Sibai, B Spong, CY Wendel, G Wenstrom, K Samuels, P Caritis, S Sorokin, Y Miodovnik, M O'Sullivan, MJ Conway, D Wapner, RJ Gabbe, SG AF Dizon-Townson, Donna Miller, Connie Momirova, Valerija Sibai, Baha Spong, Catherine Y. Wendel, George, Jr. Wenstrom, Katharine Samuels, Philip Caritis, Steve Sorokin, Yoram Miodovnik, Menachem O'Sullivan, Mary J. Conway, Deborah Wapner, Ronald J. Gabbe, Steven G. TI Impact of Smoking during Pregnancy on Functional Coagulation Testing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coagulation; smoking; pregnancy; factor V Leiden ID RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; OUTCOMES AB Compounds that are systemically absorbed during the course of cigarette smoking, and their metabolites, affect the coagulation system and cause endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and platelet activation leading to a prothrombotic state. In addition, smoking increases the activity of fibrinogen, homocysteine, and C-reactive protein. We hypothesize that smoking may affect functional coagulation testing during pregnancy. A secondary analysis of 371 women pregnant with a singleton pregnancy and enrolled in a multicenter, prospective observational study of complications of factor V Leiden mutation subsequently underwent functional coagulation testing for antithrombin III, protein C antigen and activity, and protein S antigen and activity. Smoking was assessed by self-report at time of enrollment (< 14 weeks). None of the functional coagulation testing results was altered by maternal smoking during pregnancy. Smoking does not affect the aforementioned functional coagulation testing results during pregnancy. C1 [Dizon-Townson, Donna] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Miller, Connie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hemostasis Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Momirova, Valerija] George Washington Univ, Biostat Coordinating Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Sibai, Baha; Miodovnik, Menachem] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Spong, Catherine Y.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pregnancy & Perinatol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wendel, George, Jr.] Univ Texas SW, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dallas, TX USA. [Wenstrom, Katharine] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Wenstrom, Katharine] Women & Infants Hosp Rhode Isl, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Samuels, Philip; Gabbe, Steven G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Caritis, Steve] Magee Womens Res Inst, Dept Maternal Fetal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [O'Sullivan, Mary J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. [O'Sullivan, Mary J.] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Conway, Deborah] UT Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sch Med, San Antonio, TX USA. [Wapner, Ronald J.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Sorokin, Yoram] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Sorokin, Yoram] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Maternal Fetal Med Units Network, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Dizon-Townson, D (reprint author), Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 50 N Med Dr,Room 2B200, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM donna.dizon-townson@imail.org RI Samuels, Philip/E-4011-2011; OI caritis, steve/0000-0002-2169-0712; Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HD27869, HD21414, U01-HD36801, HD34208, HD27860, HD34116, HD34136, HD27861, HD34122, HD21410, HD27915, HD34210, HD27905, HD27917]; National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women's Health FX This work was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD27869, HD21414, U01-HD36801, HD34208, HD27860, HD34116, HD34136, HD27861, HD34122, HD21410, HD27915, HD34210, HD27905, and HD27917) and the National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women's Health NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0735-1631 J9 AM J PERINAT JI Am. J. Perinatol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 29 IS 3 BP 225 EP 229 DI 10.1055/s-0031-1285097 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 916PH UT WOS:000302115200009 PM 21818732 ER PT J AU Goodman, RA Parekh, AK Koh, HK AF Goodman, Richard A. Parekh, Anand K. Koh, Howard K. TI Toward a More Cogent Approach to the Challenges of Multimorbidity SO ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE chronic disease; comorbidity; multiple chronic conditions C1 [Goodman, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Goodman, Richard A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goodman, Richard A.; Parekh, Anand K.; Koh, Howard K.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Goodman, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K45,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rag4@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, LEAWOOD, KS 66211-2672 USA SN 1544-1709 J9 ANN FAM MED JI Ann. Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 100 EP 101 DI 10.1370/afm.1391 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 915AX UT WOS:000301996400002 PM 22412000 ER PT J AU Klabunde, CN Marcus, PM Han, PKJ Richards, TB Vernon, SW Yuan, GG Silvestri, GA AF Klabunde, Carrie N. Marcus, Pamela M. Han, Paul K. J. Richards, Thomas B. Vernon, Sally W. Yuan, Gigi Silvestri, Gerard A. TI Lung Cancer Screening Practices of Primary Care Physicians: Results From a National Survey SO ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE lung cancer; screening; primary care; physicians; physician's practice patterns ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SOCIETY GUIDELINES; FAMILY PHYSICIANS; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; TESTS; TRIAL AB PURPOSE Although current practice guidelines do not recommend screening asymptomatic patients for lung cancer, physicians may still order lung cancer screening tests. No recent national survey of health care professionals has focused on lung cancer screening. In this study, we examined the lung cancer screening practices of US primary care physicians and characteristics of those who order lung cancer screening tests. METHODS We conducted a nationally representative survey of practicing primary care physicians in 2006-2007. Mailed questionnaires assessed the physicians' knowledge of lung cancer screening guidelines, beliefs about the effectiveness of screening tests, and ordering of screening chest radiograph, low-dose spiral computed tomography, or sputum cytology in the past 12 months. Clinical vignettes were used to assess the physicians' intentions to screen asymptomatic 50-year-old patients with varying smoking histories for lung cancer. RESULTS A total of 962 family physicians, general practitioners, and general internists completed questionnaires (cooperation rate = 76.8%). Overall, 38% had ordered no lung cancer screening tests; 55% had ordered chest radiograph, 22% low-dose spiral computed tomography, and less than 5% sputum cytology. In multivariate modeling, physicians were more likely to have ordered lung cancer screening tests if they believed that expert groups recommend lung cancer screening or that screening tests are effective; if they would recommend screening for asymptomatic patients, including patients without substantial smoking exposure; and if their patients had asked them about screening. CONCLUSIONS Primary care physicians in the United States frequently order lung cancer screening tests for asymptomatic patients, even though expert groups do not recommend it. Primary care physicians and patients need more information about lung cancer screening's evidence base, guidelines, potential harms, and costs to avert inappropriate ordering. C1 [Klabunde, Carrie N.; Marcus, Pamela M.] NCI, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Han, Paul K. J.] Maine Med Ctr, Ctr Outcomes Res & Evaluat, Portland, ME 04102 USA. [Richards, Thomas B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vernon, Sally W.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Yuan, Gigi] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Silvestri, Gerard A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Klabunde, CN (reprint author), NCI, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, EPN 4005,6130 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM KlabundC@mail.nih.gov OI Han, Paul/0000-0003-0165-1940 FU National Cancer Institute [N02-PC-51308, R01 CA112223, K24 CA120494-2]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [Y3-PC-5019-01, Y3-PC-5019-02]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y3-PC-6017-01]; Department of Defense [W81XWH-05-1-0378] FX Funding support for the study was provided by the National Cancer Institute (contract N02-PC-51308), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (interagency agreements Y3-PC-5019-01 and Y3-PC-5019-02), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (interagency agreement Y3-PC-6017-01). In addition, Dr Vernon is supported by NCI grant R01 CA112223, and Dr Silvestri by an NCI investigator grant in patient-oriented research (K24 CA120494-2) and a Department of Defense grant in computer-aided cancer management (W81XWH-05-1-0378). NR 42 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, LEAWOOD, KS 66211-2672 USA SN 1544-1709 J9 ANN FAM MED JI Ann. Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 102 EP 110 DI 10.1370/afm.1340 PG 9 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 915AX UT WOS:000301996400003 PM 22412001 ER PT J AU Mendell, JR Shilling, C Leslie, ND Flanigan, KM al-Dahhak, R Gastier-Foster, J Kneile, K Dunn, DM Duval, B Aoyagi, A Hamil, C Mahmoud, M Roush, K Bird, L Rankin, C Lilly, H Street, N Chandrasekar, R Weiss, RB AF Mendell, Jerry R. Shilling, Chris Leslie, Nancy D. Flanigan, Kevin M. al-Dahhak, Roula Gastier-Foster, Julie Kneile, Kelley Dunn, Diane M. Duval, Brett Aoyagi, Alexander Hamil, Cindy Mahmoud, Maha Roush, Kandice Bird, Lauren Rankin, Chelsea Lilly, Heather Street, Natalie Chandrasekar, Ram Weiss, Robert B. TI Evidence-Based Path to Newborn Screening for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM CREATINE-PHOSPHOKINASE; CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; GENE; MUTATIONS; KINASE; EXPERIENCE; INFANTS; PROGRAM; MLPA AB Objective: Creatine kinase (CK) levels are increased on dried blood spots in newborns related to the birthing process. As a marker for newborn screening, CK in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) results in false-positive testing. In this report, we introduce a 2-tier system using the dried blood spot to first assess CK with follow-up DMD gene testing. Methods: A fluorometric assay based upon the enzymatic transphosphorylation of adenosine diphosphate to adenosine triphosphate was used to measure CK activity. Preliminary studies established a population-based range of CK in newborns using 30,547 deidentified anonymous dried blood spot samples. Mutation analysis used genomic DNA extracted from the dried blood spot followed by whole genome amplification with assessment of single-/multiexon deletions/duplications in the DMD gene using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Results: DMD gene mutations (all exonic deletions) were found in 6 of 37,649 newborn male subjects, all of whom had CK levels >2,000U/l. In 3 newborns with CK >2,000U/l in whom DMD gene abnormalities were not found, we identified limb-girdle muscular dystrophy gene mutations affecting DYSF, SGCB, and FKRP. Interpretation: A 2-tier system of analysis for newborn screening for DMD has been established. This path for newborn screening fits our health care system, minimizes false-positive testing, and uses predetermined levels of CK on dried blood spots to predict DMD gene mutations. ANN NEUROL 2012;71:304-313 C1 [Mendell, Jerry R.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Gene Therapy, Columbus, OH 43205 USA. [Mendell, Jerry R.; Shilling, Chris; Flanigan, Kevin M.; al-Dahhak, Roula; Gastier-Foster, Julie; Roush, Kandice; Bird, Lauren; Rankin, Chelsea] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pediat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Leslie, Nancy D.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Gastier-Foster, Julie; Kneile, Kelley] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dunn, Diane M.; Duval, Brett; Aoyagi, Alexander; Hamil, Cindy; Mahmoud, Maha; Weiss, Robert B.] Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Lilly, Heather; Chandrasekar, Ram] Ohio Dept Hlth, Newborn Screening Labs, Reynoldsburg, OH USA. [Street, Natalie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mendell, JR (reprint author), Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Gene Therapy, 700 Childrens Dr, Columbus, OH 43205 USA. EM Jerry.Mendell@nationwidechildrens.org; bob.weiss@genetics.utah.edu RI Gastier-Foster, Julie/E-3105-2011; OI Flanigan, Kevin/0000-0001-6440-3376 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U50DD000030, 1R18DD000344]; Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Paul D. Wellstone Cooperative Muscular Dystrophy Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital [1U54HD066409-01]; Ohio Department of Health FX This study was supported by cooperative agreements from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5U50DD000030 and 1R18DD000344; N.D.L. R.C., R.B.W.); Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Paul D. Wellstone Cooperative Muscular Dystrophy Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital (1U54HD066409-01; JRM); and Ohio Department of Health (J.R.M.). NR 46 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 71 IS 3 BP 304 EP 313 DI 10.1002/ana.23528 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 914BD UT WOS:000301922800005 PM 22451200 ER PT J AU Ren, XP Zhao, JF Zhang, LX Ning, CS Jian, FC Wang, RJ Lv, CC Wang, Q Arrowood, MJ Xiao, LH AF Ren, Xupeng Zhao, Jinfeng Zhang, Longxian Ning, Changshen Jian, Fuchun Wang, Rongjun Lv, Chaochao Wang, Qiang Arrowood, Michael J. Xiao, Lihua TI Cryptosporidium tyzzeri n. sp (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in domestic mice (Mus musculus) SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium tyzzeri; Cryptosporidium parvum; Taxonomy; Transmission; Histology; Molecular analysis ID CATTLE BOS-TAURUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; WILDLIFE RODENTS; PARVUM; HOSTS; PARASITES; SEQUENCE; REPTILES AB The Cryptosporidium in the small intestine of domestic mice (Mus musculus) was initially described as Cryptosporidium parvum. Recent genetic and biologic characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates indicate that domestic mice are infected with several morphologically indistinguishable intestinal Cryptosporidium parasites with different host specificities, including C. parvum sensu stricto, mouse genotype I. and mouse genotype II. In this study, the morphological, biological, and genetic characteristics of the Cryptosporidium mouse genotype I are described. As a full re-description of C. parvum was made in 1985 for isolates from calves and humans and the name C. parvum has been widely used for the parasite that is infectious to both ruminants and humans, the mouse genotype I is named as Cryptosporidium tyzzeri. Oocysts of the new species (4.64 +/- 0.05 mu m x 4.19 +/- 0.06 mu m, with a mean shape index of 1.11 +/- 0.02; n = 69) are slightly smaller than those of the re-described C. parvum. The prepatent period was six and seven days, and the patent period was 24-28 and 28-29 days in neonatal and adult mice, respectively. Oocysts were not infectious to lambs and calves. Light, transmission electron and scanning electron microscopy studies of the new species showed the presence of developmental stages in the microvillar brush border of the jejunum and ileum of experimentally infected mice, with the infection most intensive in the ileum. It had nucleotide sequences significantly different from C. parvum at the small subunit rRNA, 70 kDa heat shock protein, oocyst wall protein, actin, and the 60 kDa glycoprotein genes. Based on the morphological, genetic, and biological data and in compliance of established Cryptosporidium species naming criteria, this geographically widespread parasite is named as a new species in honor of Ernest Edward Tyzzer, who pioneered Cryptosporidium research. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Longxian; Arrowood, Michael J.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ren, Xupeng; Zhao, Jinfeng; Zhang, Longxian; Ning, Changshen; Jian, Fuchun; Wang, Rongjun; Lv, Chaochao; Wang, Qiang] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Longxian] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771881, 30871863, 30928019]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20094105110003]; Ministry of Health [200802012] FX This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30771881, 30871863, and 30928019), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20094105110003), and Ministry of Health Special Funds of Public Sector Research (No. 200802012). NR 60 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP 274 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.07.012 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 912SK UT WOS:000301819900016 PM 21803038 ER PT J AU Xiao, LH Ryan, UM Fayer, R Bowman, DD Zhang, LX AF Xiao, Lihua Ryan, Una M. Fayer, Ronald Bowman, Dwight D. Zhang, Longxian TI Cryptosporidium tyzzeri and Cryptosporidium pestis: Which name is valid? SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB The dispute on the validity of Cryptosporidium pestis and Cryptosporidium tyzzeri origins from the uncertainty on the identity of Cryptosporidium parvum described by Tyzzer in 1912 and the interpretation of the Principal of Priority of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Using a rigid interpretation of the Principal of Priority, one researcher proposed to rename C. parvum as C. pestis and retain C parvum for Cryptosporidium mouse genotype I on the basis that Tyzzer was probably describing mouse genotype I. However, the ICZN clearly states that the Principle of Priority is to be used to promote stability and is not intended to upset a long-accepted name. Because mice are known to be naturally infected with C. parvum, and the 1985 taxonomic re-description of C parvum for bovine and human isolates is accepted by almost all Cryptosporidium researchers, the prevailing name C. parvum for the species infective to calves and humans must be retained to avoid confusion. The designation of C tyzzeri for the mouse genotype I brings further clarity to the taxonomy of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans, cattle, and domestic mice. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ryan, Una M.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Fayer, Ronald] ARS, Environm Microbial Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bowman, Dwight D.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP 308 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.12.009 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 912SK UT WOS:000301819900023 PM 22230707 ER PT J AU Ampofo, WK Baylor, N Cobey, S Cox, NJ Daves, S Edwards, S Ferguson, N Grohmann, G Hay, A Katz, J Kullabutr, K Lambert, L Levandowski, R Mishra, AC Monto, A Siqueira, M Tashiro, M Waddell, AL Wairagkar, N Wood, J Zambon, M Zhang, WQ AF Ampofo, William K. Baylor, Norman Cobey, Sarah Cox, Nancy J. Daves, Sharon Edwards, Steven Ferguson, Neil Grohmann, Gary Hay, Alan Katz, Jacqueline Kullabutr, Kornnika Lambert, Linda Levandowski, Roland Mishra, A. C. Monto, Arnold Siqueira, Marilda Tashiro, Masato Waddell, Anthony L. Wairagkar, Niteen Wood, John Zambon, Maria Zhang, Wenqing CA WHO Writing Grp TI Improving influenza vaccine virus selectionReport of a WHO informal consultation held at WHO headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland, 14-16 June 2010 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccine viruses; vaccine virus selection; WHO recommendations AB For almost 60 years, the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) has been the key player in monitoring the evolution and spread of influenza viruses and recommending the strains to be used in human influenza vaccines. The GISRS has also worked to continually monitor and assess the risk posed by potential pandemic viruses and to guide appropriate public health responses. The expanded and enhanced role of the GISRS following the adoption of the International Health Regulations (2005), recognition of the continuing threat posed by avian H5N1 and the aftermath of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic provide an opportune time to critically review the process by which influenza vaccine viruses are selected. In addition to identifying potential areas for improvement, such a review will also help to promote greater appreciation by the wider influenza and policy-making community of the complexity of influenza vaccine virus selection. The selection process is highly coordinated and involves continual year-round integration of virological data and epidemiological information by National Influenza Centres (NICs), thorough antigenic and genetic characterization of viruses by WHO Collaborating Centres (WHOCCs) as part of selecting suitable candidate vaccine viruses, and the preparation of suitable reassortants and corresponding reagents for vaccine standardization by WHO Essential Regulatory Laboratories (ERLs). Ensuring the optimal effectiveness of vaccines has been assisted in recent years by advances in molecular diagnosis and the availability of more extensive genetic sequence data. However, there remain a number of challenging constraints including variations in the assays used, the possibility of complications resulting from non-antigenic changes, the limited availability of suitable vaccine viruses and the requirement for recommendations to be made up to a year in advance of the peak of influenza season because of production constraints. Effective collaboration and coordination between human and animal influenza networks is increasingly recognized as an essential requirement for the improved integration of data on animal and human viruses, the identification of unusual influenza A viruses infecting human, the evaluation of pandemic risk and the selection of candidate viruses for pandemic vaccines. Training workshops, assessments and donations have led to significant increases in trained laboratory personnel and equipment with resulting expansion in both geographical surveillance coverage and in the capacities of NICs and other laboratories. This has resulted in a significant increase in the volume of information reported to WHO on the spread, intensity and impact of influenza. In addition, initiatives such as the WHO Shipment Fund Project have facilitated the timely sharing of clinical specimens and virus isolates and contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the global distribution and temporal circulation of different viruses. It will be important to sustain and build upon the gains made in these and other areas. Although the haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay is likely to remain the assay of choice for the antigenic characterization of viruses in the foreseeable future, alternative assays for example based upon advanced recombinant DNA and protein technologies may be more adaptable to automation. Other technologies such as microtitre neuraminidase inhibition assays may also have significant implications for both vaccine virus selection and vaccine development. Microneutralization assays provide an important adjunct to the HAI assay in virus antigenic characterization. Improvements in the use and potential automation of such assays should facilitate large-scale serological studies, while other advanced techniques such as epitope mapping should allow for a more accurate assessment of the quality of a protective immune response and aid the development of additional criteria for measuring immunity. Standardized seroepidemiological surveys to assess the impact of influenza in a population could help to establish well-characterized banks of age-stratified representative sera as a national, regional and global resource, while providing direct evidence of the specific benefits of vaccination. Advances in high-throughput genetic sequencing coupled with advanced bioinformatics tools, together with more X-ray crystallographic data, should accelerate understanding of the genetic and phenotypic changes that underlie virus evolution and more specifically help to predict the influence of amino acid changes on virus antigenicity. Complex mathematical modelling techniques are increasingly being used to gain insights into the evolution and epidemiology of influenza viruses. However, their value in predicting the timing and nature of future antigenic and genetic changes is likely to be limited at present. The application of simpler non-mechanistic statistical algorithms, such as those already used as the basis of antigenic cartography, and phylogenetic modelling are more likely to be useful in facilitating vaccine virus selection and in aiding assessment of the pandemic potential of avian and other animal influenza viruses. The adoption of alternative vaccine technologies such as live-attenuated, quadrivalent or non-HA-based vaccines has significant implications for vaccine virus selection, as well as for vaccine regulatory and manufacturing processes. Recent collaboration between the GISRS and vaccine manufacturers has resulted in the increased availability of egg isolates and high-growth reassortants for vaccine production, the development of qualified cell cultures and the investigation of alternative methods of vaccine potency testing. WHO will continue to support these and other efforts to increase the reliability and timeliness of the global influenza vaccine supply. The WHO GISRS and its partners are continually working to identify improvements, harness new technologies and strengthen and sustain collaboration. WHO will continue in its central role of coordinating worldwide expertise to meet the increasing public health need for influenza vaccines and will support efforts to improve the vaccine virus selection process, including through the convening of periodic international consultations. C1 [Baylor, Norman] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Ampofo, William K.] Natl Influenza Ctr, Accra, Ghana. [Cobey, Sarah] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cox, Nancy J.; Katz, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daves, Sharon] NAMRU 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Edwards, Steven] Network Expertise Anim Influenzas OFFLU Steering, Hereford, England. [Ferguson, Neil] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Med St Marys, London, England. [Grohmann, Gary] Therapeut Goods Adm Labs, Symonston, Australia. [Hay, Alan] Natl Inst Med Res, London NW7 1AA, England. [Kullabutr, Kornnika] Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Lambert, Linda] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Levandowski, Roland] Freelancer, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mishra, A. C.] Natl Influenza Ctr, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Monto, Arnold] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Siqueira, Marilda] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Tashiro, Masato] WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Tokyo, Japan. [Waddell, Anthony L.] Freelancer, Stanley, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wairagkar, Niteen; Zhang, Wenqing] WHO, Zurich, Switzerland. [Wood, John] NIBSC, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Zambon, Maria] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. RP Zhang, WQ (reprint author), WHO HQ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. EM zhangw@who.int RI perumal, murugiah/D-1565-2012; Ferguson, Neil/B-8578-2008; HERAUD, Jean-Michel/O-1464-2013; OI Ferguson, Neil/0000-0002-1154-8093; HERAUD, Jean-Michel/0000-0003-1107-0859; Russell, Colin/0000-0002-2113-162X NR 0 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAR PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 142 EP + DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00277.x PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 897VZ UT WOS:000300689300010 ER PT J AU Streit, JA Marano, C Beekmann, SE Polgreen, PM Moore, TA Brunette, GW Kozarsky, PE AF Streit, Judy A. Marano, Cinzia Beekmann, Susan E. Polgreen, Philip M. Moore, Thomas A. Brunette, Gary W. Kozarsky, Phyllis E. TI Travel and Tropical Medicine Practice Among Infectious Disease Practitioners SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RETURNED TRAVELERS; SOCIETY; NETWORK; AMERICA AB Background. Infectious disease specialists who evaluate international travelers before or after their trips need skills to prevent, recognize, and treat an increasingly broad range of infectious diseases. Wide variation exists in training and percentage effort among providers of this care. In parallel, there may be variations in approach to pre-travel consultation and the types of travel-related illness encountered. Aggregate information from travel-medicine providers may reveal practice patterns and novel trends in infectious illness acquired through travel. Methods. The 1,265 members of the Infectious Disease Society of America's Emerging Infections Network were queried by electronic survey about their training in travel medicine, resources used, pre-travel consultations, and evaluation of ill-returning travelers. The survey also captured information on whether any of 10 particular conditions had been diagnosed among ill-returning travelers, and if these diagnoses were perceived to be changing in frequency. Results. A majority of respondents ( 69%) provided both pre-travel counseling and post-travel evaluations, with significant variation in the numbers of such consultations. A majority of all respondents ( 61%) reported inadequate training in travel medicine during their fellowship years. However, a majority of recent graduates ( 55%) reported adequate preparation. Diagnoses of malaria, traveler's diarrhea, and typhoid fever were reported by the most respondents ( 84, 71, and 53%, respectively). Conclusions. The percent effort dedicated to pre-travel evaluation and care of the ill-returning traveler vary widely among infectious disease specialists, although a majority participate in these activities. On the basis of respondents' self-assessment, recent fellowship training is reported to equip graduates with better skills in these areas than more remote training. Ongoing monitoring of epidemiologic trends of travel-related illness is warranted. C1 [Streit, Judy A.; Beekmann, Susan E.; Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Marano, Cinzia] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Wavre, Belgium. [Moore, Thomas A.] Ochsner Hlth Syst, New Orleans, LA USA. [Brunette, Gary W.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Streit, JA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM judy-streit@uiowa.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50 CCU112346] FX This publication was supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number U50 CCU112346 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 92 EP 95 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00590.x PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 908MY UT WOS:000301495700004 PM 22414033 ER PT J AU Lawson, CJ Dykewicz, CA Molinari, NAM Lipman, H Alvarado-Ramy, F AF Lawson, Carl J. Dykewicz, Clare A. Molinari, Noelle Angelique M. Lipman, Harvey Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco TI Deaths in International Travelers Arriving in the United States, July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CRUISE SHIP PASSENGERS; US CITIZENS ABROAD; MEDICAL EMERGENCIES; CANADIAN EXPERIENCE; PEACE-CORPS; AIR-TRAVEL; OVERSEAS; PREVENTION; FATALITIES; INJURY AB Background. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS), which documents reports of morbidity and mortality among travelers, was analyzed to describe the epidemiology of deaths during international travel. Methods. We analyzed travel-related deaths reported to CDC from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2008, in which international travelers died (1) on a U. S.-bound conveyance, or (2) within 72 hours after arriving in the United States, or (3) at any time after arriving in the United States from an illness possibly acquired during international travel. We analyzed age, sex, mode of travel (eg, by air, sea, land), date, and cause of death, and estimated rates using generalized linear models. Results. We identified 213 deaths. The median age of deceased travelers was 66 years (range 1-95); 65% were male. Most deaths (62%) were associated with sea travel; of these, 111 (85%) occurred in cruise ship passengers and 20 (15%) among cargo and cruise ship crew members. Of 81 air travel-associated deaths, 77 occurred in passengers, 3 among air ambulance patients, and 1 in a stowaway. One death was associated with land travel. Deaths were categorized as cardiovascular (70%), infectious disease (12%), cancer (6%), unintentional injury (4%), intentional injury (1%), and other (7%). Of 145 cardiovascular deaths with reported ages, 62% were in persons 65 years of age and older. Nineteen (73%) of 26 persons who died from infectious diseases had chronic medical conditions. There was significant seasonal variation (lowest in July-September) in cardiovascular mortality in cruise ship passengers. Conclusions. Cardiovascular conditions were the major cause of death for both sexes. Travelers should seek pre-travel medical consultation, including guidance on preventing cardiovascular events, infections, and injuries. Persons with chronic medical conditions and the elderly should promptly seek medical care if they become ill during travel. C1 [Lawson, Carl J.; Dykewicz, Clare A.; Molinari, Noelle Angelique M.; Lipman, Harvey; Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lawson, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-68, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM clawson2@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 96 EP 103 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00586.x PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 908MY UT WOS:000301495700005 PM 22414034 ER PT J AU Stier, DM Weber, IB Staples, JE AF Stier, David M. Weber, Ingrid B. Staples, J. Erin TI Lack of Interference by Zoster Vaccine With the Immune Response to Yellow Fever Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEASLES AB Concerns exist about the serologic response to yellow fever (YF) vaccine when given within 28 days of another live virus vaccine. We report the case of a healthy adult who received 17D YF vaccine 21 days following administration of another live viral vaccine, and developed a protective level of immunity against YF virus. C1 [Stier, David M.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Control & Prevent Sect, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. [Weber, Ingrid B.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Stier, DM (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Control & Prevent Sect, 101 Grove St,Room 204, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM david.stier@sfdph.org FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 122 EP 123 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00585.x PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 908MY UT WOS:000301495700009 PM 22414038 ER PT J AU Sharpe, TT Voute, C Rose, MA Cleveland, J Dean, HD Fenton, K AF Sharpe, Tanya Telfair Voute, Caroline Rose, Michelle A. Cleveland, Janet Dean, Hazel D. Fenton, Kevin TI Social Determinants of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Black Women: Implications for Health Equity SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RURAL AFRICAN-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; HIV PREVENTION; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; MARRIAGE AB Recent epidemiologic reports show that black women are at risk for HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In this report, we go beyond race and consider a number of social and economic trends that have changed the way many black women experience life. We discuss poverty, loss of status and support linked to declining marriage participation, and female-headed single-parent household structure-all of which influence sexual risks. We also discuss the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-led national efforts to advance consideration of social determinants of health (SDH) and promotion of health equity in public health activities that may have impact on black and other women. C1 [Sharpe, Tanya Telfair; Cleveland, Janet; Dean, Hazel D.; Fenton, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Voute, Caroline] Emory Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rose, Michelle A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sharpe, TT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E40, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsharpe@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3350 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 905SD UT WOS:000301292700001 PM 22196231 ER PT J AU Zhao, GX Ford, ES Tsai, J Li, CY Ahluwalia, IB Pearson, WS Balluz, LS Croft, JB AF Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang Ahluwalia, Indu B. Pearson, William S. Balluz, Lina S. Croft, Janet B. TI Trends in Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women in the United States: 2001-2009 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; RECREATIONAL PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; EXCESSIVE WEIGHT-GAIN; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; LIFE-STYLE; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; MATERNAL SMOKING; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; NONPREGNANT WOMEN AB Background: Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy often predispose women to multiple risks including adverse pregnancy outcomes and impaired health status for mothers. This study assessed the trends in the prevalence of health-related behavioral risk factors over time among U.S. pregnant women. Methods: Data from 22,604 pregnant women aged 18-44 years who participated in the 2001-2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed to assess the trends in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors. Correlates of having individual or clustering healthy behaviors were also assessed among 2295 pregnant women in the 2009 survey. Results: From 2001 to 2009, among pregnant women, the age-adjusted prevalence of engaging in leisure-time exercise and receiving influenza vaccination increased significantly (p < 0.05 for linear trends); the prevalence of any alcohol consumption decreased marginally (p = 0.065 for linear trend); and the prevalence of binge drinking, smoking, and consuming fruits and vegetables 5 times/day varied little. Over the 9 years, the percentages of pregnant women who reported having all four healthy behaviors (i.e., not currently smoking, no alcohol consumption, engaging in leisure-time exercise, and receiving influenza vaccination) increased linearly from 7.3% in 2001 to 21.2% in 2009 (p < 0.001). Sociodemographic characteristics, perceived health status, and health-care availability were differentially associated with certain individual or clustered healthy behaviors. Conclusions: Increased efforts emphasizing multiple health-related behavioral risk factors including reducing alcohol use, binge drinking, and smoking and improving fruit and vegetable consumption during pregnancy are needed. C1 [Zhao, Guixiang; Ford, Earl S.; Tsai, James; Pearson, William S.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off,Off Surveillan, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ahluwalia, Indu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zhao, GX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gzhao@cdc.gov NR 68 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 14 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 BP 255 EP 263 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2931 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 905SD UT WOS:000301292700002 PM 22047097 ER PT J AU Dunet, DO Gase, LN Oliver, ML Schooley, MW AF Dunet, Diane O. Gase, Lauren N. Oliver, Monica L. Schooley, Michael W. TI Evaluative Thinking: A Tool to Inform Policy Development and Policy Impact Evaluations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; FACILITATORS; BARRIERS C1 [Dunet, Diane O.; Schooley, Michael W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gase, Lauren N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Oliver, Monica L.] Evaluat Grp, Decatur, GA USA. RP Dunet, DO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ddunet@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER JOURNAL HEALTH PROMOTION INC PI TROY PA PO BOX 1254, TROY, MI 48099-1254 USA SN 0890-1171 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.4278/ajhp.110505-CIT-186 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 908EK UT WOS:000301473000002 PM 22375567 ER PT J AU Liu, QY Eremeeva, ME Li, DM AF Liu, Qiyong Eremeeva, Marina E. Li, Dongmei TI Bartonella and Bartonella infections in China: From the clinic to the laboratory SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Meeting on Rickettsia and Rickettsial Diseases CY JUN 05-07, 2011 CL Heraklion, GREECE SP French Soc Dermatol, Mairie Paris DE Bartonella; Flea; Rat; Cat scratch disease; China ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; RATTUS-NORVEGICUS; SOUTHERN CHINA; SMALL MAMMALS; OLD-WORLD; SP-NOV; RODENTS; QUINTANA; DIVERSITY; HENSELAE AB The current status of Bartonella studies in mainland China is reviewed including both laboratory and ecological data and limited clinical data. Detection and isolation of Bartonella species from arthropods, pets and small wild animals is commonplace: this includes a variety of known and emerging Bartonella pathogens. In contrast, the medical literature analyzed from 1980 to 2010 consists of 31 reports of only of cat scratch disease (CSD). Most cases are from the East and South-Eastern provinces, the most populated areas with best access to medical care. Disease typically is described as febrile illness with symptoms traditionally reported for CSD elsewhere in the world. Clinical observations and anamnesis are the primary bases for diagnosis, since specialized serologic and molecular diagnosis is not widely available. Seroprevalence of healthy populations determined using Bartonella henselae antigen varies from 9.6 to 19.6%. The apparent discordance postulated between possible environmental exposure to diverse Bartonella agents and restricted B. henselae case etiologies suggests a need to determine whether other Bartonella species may also be etiologic agents of human illness and emphasizes the importance of applying modern diagnostic tools widely in clinical practice in mainland China. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Qiyong; Li, Dongmei] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Vector Biol & Control, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Eremeeva, Marina E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Liu, QY (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Vector Biol & Control, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, POB 5, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM liuqiyong@icdc.cn; meremeeva@georgiasouthern.edu NR 87 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 35 IS 2 BP 93 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2012.01.002 PG 10 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 910JI UT WOS:000301632600002 PM 22304899 ER PT J AU Trabert, B Longnecker, MP Brock, JW Klebanoff, MA McGlynn, KA AF Trabert, Britton Longnecker, Matthew P. Brock, John W. Klebanoff, Mark A. McGlynn, Katherine A. TI Maternal Pregnancy Levels of trans-Nonachlor and Oxychlordane and Prevalence of Cryptorchidism and Hypospadias in Boys SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE chlordanes; cryptorchidism; hypospadias; oxychlordane; pregnant women; prospective cohort; trans-nonachlor ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PESTICIDES; POPULATION; CHLORDANE; RISK AB BACKGROUND: The etiologies of the male urogenital anomalies cryptorchidism and hypospadias are poorly understood. Given positive associations between chlordane isomers and testicular germ cell tumors, it is reasonable to assume that chlordanes might also be associated with other testicular dysgenesis syndrome disorders, namely cryptorchidism and hypospadias. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether exposure to in utero chlordane is related to cryptorchidism and hypospadias, we evaluated levels of chlordane derivatives, trans-nonachlor and oxychlordane, among pregnant women enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). METHODS: From 1959 to 1965, the CPP enrolled pregnant women at 12 U.S. medical centers. We analyzed serum trans-nonachlor and oxychlordane levels measured in third-trimester serum from the mothers of 217 sons with cryptorchidism, 197 sons with hypospadias, and 557 sons with neither condition. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The quartile-specific ORs for cryptorchidism or hypospadias show no notable associations with trans-nonachlor or oxychlordane. Further, there were no significant trends with increasing quartile of maternal tram-nonachlor or oxychlordane level in either cryptorchidism or hypospadias (p-trend all > 0.45). CONCLUSIONS: The results do not support an association between chlordane levels and cryptorchidism or hypospadias. It is unlikely that current chlordane exposure is related to the development of either anomaly, given that serum chlordane levels at the time of sample collection, the early 1960s, were considerably higher than levels at present. C1 [Trabert, Britton; McGlynn, Katherine A.] Natl Canc Inst, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Longnecker, Matthew P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, DHHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Brock, John W.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brock, John W.] Warren Wilson Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Asheville, NC USA. [Brock, John W.] Warren Wilson Coll, Dept Chem, Asheville, NC USA. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Perinatal Res, Columbus, OH USA. RP Trabert, B (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch,DHHS, 6120 Executive Blvd,Suite 550, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM britton.trabert@nih.gov RI Trabert, Britton/F-8051-2015; OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU National Cancer Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health FX Support for this research was provided by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Cancer Institute, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 120 IS 3 BP 478 EP 482 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103936 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 907CF UT WOS:000301394700040 PM 21975279 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, AB Farnham, PG Duffy, N Wolitski, RJ Sansom, SL Dooley, SW Cleveland, JC Mermin, JH AF Hutchinson, Angela B. Farnham, Paul G. Duffy, Nadezhda Wolitski, Richard J. Sansom, Stephanie L. Dooley, Samuel W. Cleveland, Janet C. Mermin, Jonathan H. TI Return on Public Health Investment: CDC's Expanded HIV Testing Initiative SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE cost; economics; HIV; return on investment; resource allocation; testing ID UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PERSONS AWARE; VIRUS; CARE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; PROGRAMS; UNAWARE AB Background: Over a 3-year period, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention invested $102.3 million in a large-scale HIV testing program, the Expanded HIV Testing Initiative for populations disproportionally affected by HIV. Policy makers, who must optimize public health given a set budget, are interested in the financial return on investment (ROI) of large-scale HIV testing. Methods: We conducted an ROI analysis using expenditure and outcome data from the program. A health system perspective was used that included all program expenditures including medical costs of treating newly diagnosed patients. We incorporated benefits of HIV transmissions averted from persons diagnosed of their infection through the Initiative compared with when, on average, those persons would have been diagnosed without the Initiative (3 years later in the base case). HIV transmissions were derived from a published mathematical model of HIV transmission. In sensitivity analysis, we tested the effect of 1-year to 5-year alternate testing intervals and differences in the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection. Results: Under the Initiative, 2.7 million persons were tested for HIV, there was a newly diagnosed HIV positivity rate of 0.7%, and an estimated 3381 HIV infections were averted. It achieved a return of $1.95 for every dollar invested. ROI ranged from $1.46 to $2.01 for alternative testing intervals of 1-5 years and remained above $1 (positive return on investment) with a prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection as low as 0.12%. Conclusions: The expanded testing Initiative yielded ROI values of >$1 under a broad range of sensitivity analyses and provides further support for large-scale HIV testing programs. C1 [Hutchinson, Angela B.; Farnham, Paul G.; Duffy, Nadezhda; Wolitski, Richard J.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Dooley, Samuel W.; Cleveland, Janet C.; Mermin, Jonathan H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transmitted, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hutchinson, AB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transmitted, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ash2@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 59 IS 3 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31823e5bee PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 898UJ UT WOS:000300767400014 PM 22067662 ER PT J AU Gedeborg, R Chen, LH Thiblin, I Byberg, L Melhus, H Michaelsson, K Warner, M AF Gedeborg, Rolf Chen, Li-Hui Thiblin, Ingemar Byberg, Liisa Melhus, Hakan Michaelsson, Karl Warner, Margaret TI Prehospital injury deaths-Strengthening the case for prevention: Nationwide cohort study SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Trauma; mortality; prehospital emergency care; epidemiology ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; SEVERITY SCORE; TRAUMA DEATHS; MAJOR TRAUMA; NEW-ZEALAND; MORTALITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVIVAL; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: To determine the frequency and characteristics of prehospital deaths compared with hospital deaths in different subpopulations with severe injuries. METHODS: Population-based cohort study using person-based linkage of the Swedish nationwide hospital discharge register with death certificate data. In all, 28,715 injury deaths were identified among 419,137 cases of severe injury during 1998 to 2004. Prehospital deaths were defined as autopsied out-of-hospital deaths with injury as the underlying cause. Their impact on mortality prediction was assessed using the International Classification of Disease Injury Severity Score with the C statistic as a measure of discrimination. RESULTS: The majority of all injury deaths occurred either at the scene or before hospitalization. Among persons younger than 65 years, for each hospital death there were nine prehospital deaths. A high proportion of deaths from drowning, suffocation, and firearm injuries were prehospital (85, 82, and 67% of all cases, respectively). More than 90% of hospital deaths resulted from unintentional injuries, while only 43% of prehospital deaths were unintentional. The largest increase in a cause-specific case fatality risk estimate was seen for poisoning, where inclusion of prehospital deaths increased the risk estimate from 1.6% to 22.8%. Injury mortality prediction based on International Classification of Disease Injury Severity Score improved when prehospital deaths were added to hospital data (C statistic increased from 0.86 to 0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Prehospital deaths constitute the majority of trauma deaths and differ in major characteristics from hospital deaths. The high proportion of prehospital deaths among young and middle aged people highlights the potential impact of preventive efforts. (J Trauma. 2012; 72: 765-772. Copyright (C) 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) C1 [Gedeborg, Rolf] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Dept Surg Sci Anesthesiol & Intens Care, UCR Scheele, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Chen, Li-Hui; Warner, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Thiblin, Ingemar] Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci Forens Med, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Byberg, Liisa; Michaelsson, Karl] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Dept Surg Sci Orthoped, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Melhus, Hakan] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Dept Med Sci, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Gedeborg, R (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Dept Surg Sci Anesthesiol & Intens Care, UCR Scheele, Dag Hammarskjolds Vag 50A,3tr Sci Pk, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. EM rolf.gedeborg@surgsci.uu.se OI Gedeborg, Rolf/0000-0002-8850-7863 FU Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine; LPS Medical Foundation FX Supported by the Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine and the LPS Medical Foundation. NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 72 IS 3 BP 765 EP 772 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182288272 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 906TR UT WOS:000301371100049 PM 22491568 ER PT J AU Steketee, RW Slutsker, L AF Steketee, Richard W. Slutsker, Laurence TI Targeting of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Steketee, Richard W.] PATH, Malaria Control Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Steketee, Richard W.] PATH, MACEPA, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Steketee, RW (reprint author), PATH, Malaria Control Program, POB 900922, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM rsteketee@path.org NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 168 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70335-8 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900BK UT WOS:000300861400002 PM 22172304 ER PT J AU Khan, K McNabb, SJN Memish, ZA Eckhardt, R Hu, W Kossowsky, D Sears, J Arino, J Johansson, A Barbeschi, M McCloskey, B Henry, B Cetron, M Brownstein, JS AF Khan, Kamran McNabb, Scott J. N. Memish, Ziad A. Eckhardt, Rose Hu, Wei Kossowsky, David Sears, Jennifer Arino, Julien Johansson, Anders Barbeschi, Maurizio McCloskey, Brian Henry, Bonnie Cetron, Martin Brownstein, John S. TI Mass Gatherings Health 5 Infectious disease surveillance and modelling across geographic frontiers and scientific specialties SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL PUBLIC-HEALTH; PROMED-MAIL; SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; EMERGING DISEASES; OLYMPIC GAMES; INFLUENZA; INTELLIGENCE; OUTBREAK; HAJJ; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Infectious disease surveillance for mass gatherings (MGs) can be directed locally and globally; however, epidemic intelligence from these two levels is not well integrated. Modelling activities related to MGs have historically focused on crowd behaviours around MG focal points and their relation to the safety of attendees. The integration of developments in internet-based global infectious disease surveillance, transportation modelling of populations travelling to and from MGs, mobile phone technology for surveillance during MGs, metapopulation epidemic modelling, and crowd behaviour modelling is important for progress in MG health. Integration of surveillance across geographic frontiers and modelling across scientific specialties could produce the first real-time risk monitoring and assessment platform that could strengthen awareness of global infectious disease threats before, during, and immediately after MGs. An integrated platform of this kind could help identify infectious disease threats of international concern at the earliest stages possible; provide insights into which diseases are most likely to spread into the MG; help with anticipatory surveillance at the MG; enable mathematical modelling to predict the spread of infectious diseases to and from MGs; simulate the effect of public health interventions aimed at different local and global levels; serve as a foundation for scientific research and innovation in MG health; and strengthen engagement between the scientific community and stakeholders at local, national, and global levels. C1 [Khan, Kamran] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Khan, Kamran; Eckhardt, Rose; Hu, Wei; Kossowsky, David; Sears, Jennifer] St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. [McNabb, Scott J. N.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Memish, Ziad A.] Minist Hlth, Prevent Med Directorate, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Memish, Ziad A.] Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Arino, Julien] Univ Manitoba, Dept Math, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Johansson, Anders] UCL, Ctr Adv Spatial Anal, London, England. [Johansson, Anders] Univ Bristol, Fac Engn, Bristol, Avon, England. [Khan, Kamran; Memish, Ziad A.; Barbeschi, Maurizio; McCloskey, Brian; Henry, Bonnie; Brownstein, John S.] WHO, Virtual Interdisciplinary Advisory Grp Mass Gathe, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [McCloskey, Brian] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. [Henry, Bonnie] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Cetron, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brownstein, John S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. RP Khan, K (reprint author), St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. EM khank@smh.ca RI Yin, Yimei/G-7749-2012; Arino, Julien/G-1221-2014 OI Arino, Julien/0000-0001-6409-5027 NR 77 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 222 EP 230 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70313-9 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900BK UT WOS:000300861400027 PM 22252149 ER PT J AU Hurt, AC Chotpitayasunondh, T Cox, NJ Daniels, R Fry, AM Gubareva, LV Hayden, FG Hui, DS Hungnes, O Lackenby, A Lim, W Meijer, A Penn, C Tashiro, M Uyeki, TM Zambon, M AF Hurt, Aeron C. Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee Cox, Nancy J. Daniels, Rod Fry, Alicia M. Gubareva, Larisa V. Hayden, Frederick G. Hui, David S. Hungnes, Olav Lackenby, Angie Lim, Wilina Meijer, Adam Penn, Charles Tashiro, Masato Uyeki, Timothy M. Zambon, Maria CA WHO Consultation Pandemic TI Antiviral resistance during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic: public health, laboratory, and clinical perspectives SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; OSELTAMIVIR RESISTANCE; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; VIRUS-INFECTION; IN-VITRO; RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; A(H1N1) VIRUSES; NORTH-CAROLINA AB Influenza A H1N1 2009 virus caused the first pandemic in an era when neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral drugs were available in many countries. The experiences of detecting and responding to resistance during the pandemic provided important lessons for public health, laboratory testing, and clinical management. We propose recommendations for antiviral susceptibility testing, reporting results, and management of patients infected with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1. Sustained global monitoring for antiviral resistance among circulating influenza viruses is crucial to inform public health and clinical recommendations for antiviral use, especially since community spread of oseltamivir-resistant A H1N1 2009 virus remains a concern. Further studies are needed to better understand influenza management in specific patient groups, such as severely immunocompromised hosts, including optimisation of antiviral treatment, rapid sample testing, and timely reporting of susceptibility results. C1 [Hurt, Aeron C.] WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Melbourne, Vic 3051, Australia. [Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee] Minist Publ Hlth, Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Cox, Nancy J.; Fry, Alicia M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Contro, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daniels, Rod] MRC, Natl Inst Med Res, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, London, England. [Hayden, Frederick G.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Hayden, Frederick G.] Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London, England. [Hui, David S.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Stanley Ho Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Hungnes, Olav] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis Control, Oslo, Norway. [Lackenby, Angie; Zambon, Maria] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. [Lim, Wilina] Publ Hlth Lab Ctr, Ctr Hlth Protect, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Meijer, Adam] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Penn, Charles] WHO, Global Influenza Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Tashiro, Masato] WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan. RP Hurt, AC (reprint author), WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Melbourne, Vic 3051, Australia. EM aeron.hurt@influenzacentre.org RI Hui, David/O-2754-2015; OI Hurt, Aeron/0000-0003-1826-4314 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117512723, MC_U117512708] NR 98 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70318-8 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900BK UT WOS:000300861400029 PM 22186145 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Mei, JV Cuthbert, CD AF De Jesus, Victor R. Mei, Joanne V. Cuthbert, Carla D. TI Assuring quality of newborn screening dried-blood spot assays worldwide: The CDC's newborn screening quality assurance program SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Inherited-Metabolic-Disorders (SIMD) CY MAR 31-APR 03, 2012 CL Charlotte, NC SP Soc Inherited Metabol Disorders (SIMD), Abbott Nutr (Abbott Metabol), Pfizer Inc, Shire, Actel Pharmaceut (ACTELION), Cytonet LLC, GeneDx, Genzyme, Hyper Therapeut, Inc, Mead Johnson Nutr, Orphan Europe Recordati Grp, Rare Dis Therapeut, Inc, Ucyclyd Pharma, Vitaflo, Appl Nutr Corp, ARUP Labs, BioMarin Pharmaceut, Inc, Cambrooke Foods, Inc, Emory Genet Lab, Hitachi High Technol Amer, Inc, Prevent Genet, Transgenom, Inc, Canadian PKU & Allied Disorders Inc, Natl PKU Alliance, Natl Urea Cycle Disorders Fdn, Propion Acidemia Fdn, United Mitochondrial Dis Fdn C1 [De Jesus, Victor R.; Mei, Joanne V.; Cuthbert, Carla D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 105 IS 3 BP 311 EP 311 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 913VV UT WOS:000301906400055 ER PT J AU Prill, MM Iwane, MK Edwards, KM Williams, JV Weinberg, GA Staat, MA Willby, MJ Talbot, HK Hall, CB Szilagyi, PG Griffin, MR Curns, AT Erdman, DD AF Prill, Mila M. Iwane, Marika K. Edwards, Kathryn M. Williams, John V. Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Staat, Mary A. Willby, Melisa J. Talbot, H. Keipp Hall, Caroline B. Szilagyi, Peter G. Griffin, Marie R. Curns, Aaron T. Erdman, Dean D. CA New Vaccine Surveillance Network TI Human Coronavirus in Young Children Hospitalized for Acute Respiratory Illness and Asymptomatic Controls SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE coronavirus; hospitalizations; asymptomatic controls; children ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ORGAN CULTURES; TRACT DISEASE; INFECTIONS; VIRUS; INFLUENZA; INFANTS; IDENTIFICATION; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION AB Background: Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been detected in children with upper and lower respiratory symptoms, but little is known about their relationship with severe respiratory illness. Objective: To compare the prevalence of HCoV species among children hospitalized for acute respiratory illness and/or fever (ARI/fever) with that among asymptomatic controls and to assess the severity of outcomes among hospitalized children with HCoV infection compared with other respiratory viruses. Methods: From December 2003 to April 2004 and October 2004 to April 2005, we conducted prospective, population-based surveillance of children <5 years of age hospitalized for ARI/fever in 3 US counties. Asymptomatic outpatient controls were enrolled concurrently. Nasal/throat swabs were tested for HCoV species HKU1, NL63, 229E, and OC43 by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Specimens from hospitalized children were also tested for other common respiratory viruses. Demographic and medical data were collected by parent/guardian interview and medical chart review. Results: Overall, HCoV was detected in 113 (7.6%) of 1481 hospitalized children (83 [5.7%] after excluding 30 cases coinfected with other viruses) and 53 (7.1%) of 742 controls. The prevalence of HCoV or individual species was not significantly higher among hospitalized children than controls. Hospitalized children testing positive for HCoV alone tended to be less ill than those infected with other viruses, whereas those coinfected with HCoV and other viruses were clinically similar to those infected with other viruses alone. Conclusions: In this study of children hospitalized for ARI/fever, HCoV infection was not associated with hospitalization or with increased severity of illness. C1 [Prill, Mila M.; Iwane, Marika K.; Curns, Aaron T.; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Williams, John V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat & Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN USA. [Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Staat, Mary A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Willby, Melisa J.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Talbot, H. Keipp] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med & Pediat, Nashville, TN USA. [Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat & Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN USA. RP Prill, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mprill@cdc.gov RI Williams, John/F-6962-2010 OI Williams, John/0000-0001-8377-5175 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Vaccine Program Office [U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, U01/IP000147]; NIH (VTEU) [N01 AI-25462]; Novartis; MedImmune; NIAID [1K23AI074863-01]; Protein Sciences; Wyeth (Pfizer); VaxInnate; Sanofi Pasteur FX The project was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in part by the National Vaccine Program Office (cooperative agreement numbers U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, U01/IP000147). The testing of specimens collected from October 2001 to September 2003 was paid for by the NIH (VTEU grant N01 AI-25462). K. M. E. received grant funding from Novartis. J.V.W. has served as a consultant for MedImmune, Novartis, and Quidel. G. A. W. was on speaker's bureaus of Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi Pasteur. M. A. S. received funding from MedImmune for RSV studies and was on the MedImmune Advisory Board. H. K. T received salary support and career development from the NIAID (1K23AI074863-01) and research funding from Protein Sciences, Wyeth (Pfizer), VaxInnate, and Sanofi Pasteur. C. B. H. has been on a MedImmune Advisory Board and is a consultant to MedImmune. M. R. G. received grant funding from MedImmune. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 31 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 235 EP 240 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31823e07fe PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 898AH UT WOS:000300706700007 PM 22094637 ER PT J AU Jacobson, LM Redd, JT Schneider, E Lu, XY Chern, SWW Oberste, MS Erdman, DD Fischer, GE Armstrong, GL Kodani, M Montoya, J Magri, JM Cheek, JE AF Jacobson, Lara M. Redd, John T. Schneider, Eileen Lu, Xiaoyan Chern, Shur-Wern W. Oberste, M. Steven Erdman, Dean D. Fischer, Gayle E. Armstrong, Gregory L. Kodani, Maja Montoya, Jennifer Magri, Julie M. Cheek, James E. TI OUTBREAK OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT ILLNESS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS 68 AMONG AMERICAN INDIAN CHILDREN SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE enterovirus D; human; pneumonia; asthma; Indian Health Service ID MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN RHINOVIRUS-87; IDENTIFICATION; FEATURES; STRAINS; PCR AB Human enterovirus 68 (EV68) infections are rarely reported. We describe a respiratory outbreak associated with EV68 among 18 children admitted to a remote Indian Health Service facility during August 11, 2010 through September 14, 2010. Clinical illness was characterized by pneumonia and wheezing. EV68 should be considered as an etiology in outbreaks of lower respiratory tract illness. C1 [Jacobson, Lara M.; Redd, John T.; Cheek, James E.] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Jacobson, Lara M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schneider, Eileen; Lu, Xiaoyan; Chern, Shur-Wern W.; Oberste, M. Steven; Erdman, Dean D.; Fischer, Gayle E.; Armstrong, Gregory L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kodani, Maja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montoya, Jennifer] Indian Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Magri, Julie M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jacobson, LM (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fce1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 309 EP 312 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182443eaf PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 898AH UT WOS:000300706700023 PM 22315004 ER PT J AU Dombkowski, KJ Cowan, AE Harrington, LB Allred, NJ Hudson, E Clark, SJ AF Dombkowski, Kevin J. Cowan, Anne E. Harrington, Laura B. Allred, Norma J. Hudson, Ericka Clark, Sarah J. TI Feasibility of Initiating and Sustaining Registry-Based Immunization Recall in Private Practices SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; immunization information system; private providers; recall; registry ID CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; REMINDER/RECALL INTERVENTIONS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; COVERAGE; RATES; TIMELINESS; MESSAGES AB OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of initiating and sustaining immunization recall by private practices, including the barriers and costs, using a statewide immunization information system (IIS). METHODS: Private practices in southeast Michigan were recruited in 2007 to perform IIS-based immunization recalls. Enrolled practices were provided with training and asked to conduct 4 recalls during the course of 12 months of children 19 to 35 months of age. Each practice recorded the time they spent performing recall-related activities; labor costs were estimated. Formative and summative evaluations with semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify barriers. RESULTS: Of 97 eligible pediatric and family medicine practices, 44 declined to participate, 32 did not respond to repeated contacts, and 20 agreed to enroll in the study (21%). A total of 56 recalls were conducted during the study period, with 9 practices completing at least 4 recalls and 7 practices completing 1 to 3 recalls; 4 practices conducted no recalls. Common barriers reported included time constraints and executing all steps of the recalls. Practice costs per patient recalled ranged from $0.05 to more than $6 and were primarily driven by the type of personnel who performed recalls. The costs of creating a roster of current patients comprised nearly one-half of total labor costs. CONCLUSIONS: Few private provider practices that we contacted were willing to participate in this study of IIS-based recall, and less than one-half of enrolled practices completed the desired 4 recall cycles in 12 months. Time constraints and other real-world problems should not be underestimated in determining the feasibility of practice-based immunization recall. Efforts to increase the use of a statewide IIS for recall in private practice settings should emphasize ongoing training and technical support to practice staff. Improved interoperability with electronic health record systems may foster practice-based recall by reducing the labor intensity of roster building and other recall activities. C1 [Dombkowski, Kevin J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Harrington, Laura B.; Hudson, Ericka; Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Allred, Norma J.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dombkowski, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 N Ingalls,Room 6D05, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kjd@med.umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01IP000078-02] FX We acknowledge the efforts of Wendy Nye, MCIR Region 1 Operations Manager, and Kris Lyons, Manager, Region 1 MCIR, for their substantial efforts related to MCIR training and technical support at private provider practices. This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cooperative Agreement 5U01IP000078-02. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 104 EP 109 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 910HE UT WOS:000301627000006 PM 22321815 ER PT J AU Parner, ET Baron-Cohen, S Lauritsen, MB Jorgensen, M Schieve, LA Yeargin-Allsopp, M Obel, C AF Parner, Erik Thorlund Baron-Cohen, Simon Lauritsen, Marlene B. Jorgensen, Meta Schieve, Laura A. Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn Obel, Carsten TI Parental Age and Autism Spectrum Disorders SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ASD; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Effect Measure Modification; Interaction; Maternal Age; Paternal Age ID PATERNAL AGE; RISK-FACTORS; PERINATAL FACTORS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; REGISTER; BIRTH AB PURPOSE: We sought to study the possible association between parental age and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by using both a cohort design and a sibling design. METHODS: Our cohort included all singleton births in Denmark from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 2003, a total of 1,311,736 children. Cases of ASDs were obtained from the Danish National Psychiatric Register using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-8 and ICD-10. RESULTS: A total of 9556 children were diagnosed with an ASD. Both maternal and paternal age were associated with a greater risk of ASD in the offspring (hazard ratios ranging from 1.21 (1.10-1.34) to 1.65 (1.09-2.48) depending on combinations of parental age categories; <35, 35-39, and 40+ years). For mothers younger than 35 years, the risk of ASD increased with increasing father's age group. For fathers younger than 35 years, the risk of ASD increased with increasing maternal age. CONCLUSIONS: We found an association between parental age and ASD in the cohort study, but the combined underlying mechanisms through which paternal and maternal age impact ASD risk do not seem to act synergistically. The results of the sibling analysis suggest that the association between parental age and ASD found in the cohort study cannot be accounted for by common genetic and environmental factors. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:143-150. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Parner, Erik Thorlund] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, Dept Biostat, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Baron-Cohen, Simon] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Lauritsen, Marlene B.; Jorgensen, Meta] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Reg Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Risskov, Denmark. [Schieve, Laura A.; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Obel, Carsten] Univ Aarhus, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Gen Practice, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Obel, Carsten] Univ Aarhus, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Mental Childhlth, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Parner, ET (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, Dept Biostat, Bartholins Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM parner@biostat.au.dk FU MRC UK; Danish Medical Research Council FX S.B.-C. was supported by the MRC UK and CO from the Danish Medical Research Council during the period of this work. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 BP 143 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.12.006 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 907GB UT WOS:000301404700001 PM 22277122 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Macaluso, M Warner, L Fleenor, ME Hook, EW Brill, I Weaver, MA AF Gallo, Maria F. Macaluso, Maurizio Warner, Lee Fleenor, Michael E. Hook, Edward W., III Brill, Ilene Weaver, Mark A. TI Bacterial Vaginosis, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydial Infection Among Women Attending a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic: A Longitudinal Analysis of Possible Causal Links SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacterial Vaginosis; Epidemiology; Incidence; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Women ID ALTERNATING LOGISTIC REGRESSIONS; RISK-FACTORS; VAGINAL FLORA; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; GENITAL-INFECTION; HIV-INFECTION; GRAM STAIN; ASSOCIATION; ACQUISITION; DISTURBANCES AB PURPOSE: Interactions between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and inflammatory sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea and chlamydial infection, are not well understood. Furthermore, evidence regarding the sexual transmission of BV is equivocal. METHODS: We assessed associations between incident BV and incidences of gonorrhea and/or chlamydial infection ("gonorrhea/chlamydia"), as well as similarities in associations for the two processes, among 645 female patients at a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Alabama followed prospectively for 6 months from 1995 to 1998. We identified predictors of both incident BV and gonorrhea/chlamydia and used bivariate logistic regression to determine whether these predictors differed. RESULTS: Participants completed 3188 monthly, follow-up visits. Several factors associated with incident BV involved sexual intercourse: young age ( <16 years) at first intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.9), recent drug use during sex (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5), prevalent trichomoniasis (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.7-4.6) and incident syphilis (aOR, 9.7; 95% CI, 1.9-48.4). Few statistical differences between potential factors for BV and gonorrhea/chlamydia emerged. BV appeared to precede the acquisition of gonorrhea/chlamydia (pairwise odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.3), and vice versa (pairwise odds ratio, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.7-3.5). CONCLUSIONS: Findings are consistent with a causal role of sexual behavior in the acquisition of BV and confirm that BV facilitates acquisition of gonorrhea/chlamydia and vice versa independently from other risk factors. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:213-220. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Macaluso, Maurizio; Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleenor, Michael E.; Hook, Edward W., III] Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA. [Hook, Edward W., III; Brill, Ilene] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hook, Edward W., III] Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Hook, Edward W., III] Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Weaver, Mark A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [N01-HD-1-3135] FX This study was carried out under contract with the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Contract N01-HD-1-3135). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.11.005 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 907GB UT WOS:000301404700010 PM 22192490 ER PT J AU Jason, LA Unger, ER Dimitrakoff, JD Fagin, AP Houghton, M Cook, DB Marshall, GD Klimas, N Snell, C AF Jason, Leonard A. Unger, Elizabeth R. Dimitrakoff, Jordan D. Fagin, Adam P. Houghton, Michael Cook, Dane B. Marshall, Gailen D., Jr. Klimas, Nancy Snell, Christopher TI Minimum data elements for research reports on CFS SO BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE Minimal data elements; CFS ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; CHRONIC UNEXPLAINED FATIGUE; GENE-EXPRESSION; EMPIRICAL DELINEATION; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; HETEROGENEITY; DEFINITION; BIOMARKERS; DISCOVERY; VALIDITY AB Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating condition that has received increasing attention from researchers in the past decade. However, it has become difficult to compare data collected in different laboratories due to the variability in basic information regarding descriptions of sampling methods, patient characteristics, and clinical assessments. The issue of variability in CFS research was recently highlighted at the NIH's 2011 State of the Knowledge of CFS meeting prompting researchers to consider the critical information that should be included in CFS research reports. To address this problem, we present our consensus on the minimum data elements that should be included in all CFS research reports, along with additional elements that are currently being evaluated in specific research studies that show promise as important patient descriptors for subgrouping of CFS. These recommendations are intended to improve the consistency of reported methods and the interpretability of reported results. Adherence to minimum standards and increased reporting consistency will allow for better comparisons among published CFS articles, provide guidance for future research and foster the generation of knowledge that can directly benefit the patient. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jason, Leonard A.] Depaul Univ, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dimitrakoff, Jordan D.; Fagin, Adam P.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Houghton, Michael] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. [Cook, Dane B.] Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. [Cook, Dane B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Kinesiol, Madison, WI USA. [Marshall, Gailen D., Jr.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, University, MS 38677 USA. [Klimas, Nancy] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Snell, Christopher] Univ Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. RP Jason, LA (reprint author), 990 W Fullerton Ave,Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM LJason@DePaul.edu OI Dimitrakoff, Jordan/0000-0001-6827-1382; Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1591 J9 BRAIN BEHAV IMMUN JI Brain Behav. Immun. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 26 IS 3 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.014 PG 6 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 906GD UT WOS:000301332000006 PM 22306456 ER PT J AU Minh, HV Giang, KB Le, TTX Pham, TQN Hai, PT Minh, NT Quan, NT Hsia, J AF Hoang Van Minh Kim Bao Giang Le Thi Thanh Xuan Pham Thi Quynh Nga Phan Thi Hai Nguyen Thac Minh Nguyen The Quan Hsia, Jason TI Exposure to second-hand smoke at home and its associated factors: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Use survey in Vietnam, 2010 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Second-hand smoke; Socio-demographic factors; Global Adult Tobacco Use survey; Vietnam ID PASSIVE SMOKING; SECONDHAND SMOKE; COUNTRIES; DISEASE; HEALTH AB The paper describes the pattern of exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) at home among the adult population of Vietnam and examines associated socio-demographic factors. A total of 11,142 households were selected for this survey using a two-phase sampling design analogous with three-stage stratified cluster sampling. The dependent variable was the status of exposure to SHS at home. Independent variables included gender, age, occupation, asset-based wealth quintile, ethnicity, marital status, residence. Logistic regression modelling was performed to examine the association with relevant factors of patterns of exposure to second-hand smoke among non-smokers. Of adults aged 15 years and above (representing approximately 47 million people) 73.1% reported they were exposed to SHS at home at least monthly. Considering non-smokers only, the prevalence of exposure to SHS at home was 67.6% (equivalent to approximately 33 million non-smokers). The significant correlates of the status of exposure to SHS at home among non-smokers were female gender, ethnic minority, low education, and lack of smoking restriction at home. The study showed that a high percentage of people are exposed to second-hand smoke at home. Disadvantaged people were more likely than the better-off to be exposed to SHS at home. C1 [Hoang Van Minh; Kim Bao Giang; Le Thi Thanh Xuan] Hanoi Med Univ, Inst Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Pham Thi Quynh Nga] World Hlth Org Off Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Phan Thi Hai; Nguyen Thac Minh] Vietnam Steering Comm Smoking & Hlth VINACOSH, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Nguyen The Quan] Gen Stat Off, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Hsia, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Minh, HV (reprint author), Hanoi Med Univ, Inst Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, 1 Ton That Tung, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM hvminh71@yahoo.com FU Bloomberg Philanthropies FX This study was funded by the Bloomberg Philanthropies. We highly appreciate the contributions to the success of the survey made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, the CDC Foundation, the World Health Organization, the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, and Hanoi Medical University. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 EI 1573-7225 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD MAR PY 2012 VL 23 SU 1 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10552-012-9907-z PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 908AO UT WOS:000301462800011 PM 22374582 ER PT J AU Redwood, D Provost, E Perdue, D Haverkamp, D Espey, D AF Redwood, Diana Provost, Ellen Perdue, David Haverkamp, Donald Espey, David TI The last frontier: innovative efforts to reduce colorectal cancer disparities among the remote Alaska Native population SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; TASK-FORCE; COLONOSCOPY; QUALITY AB Background: The Alaska Native (AN) population experiences twice the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) as does the U.S. white population. CRC screening allows early detection and prevention of cancer. Objective: We describe pilot projects conducted from 2005 to 2010 to increase CRC screening rates among AN populations living in rural and remote Alaska. Design: Projects included training rural mid-level providers in flexible sigmoidoscopy, provision of itinerant endoscopy services at rural tribal health facilities, the creation and use of a CRC first-degree relative database to identify and screen individuals at increased risk, and support and implementation of screening navigator services. Setting: Alaska Tribal Health System. Patients: AN population. Interventions: Itinerant endoscopy, patient navigation. Main Outcome Measurements: AN patients screened for CRC, colonoscopy quality measures. Results: As a result of these ongoing efforts, statewide AN CRC screening rates increased from 29% in 2000 to 41% in 2005 before the initiation of these projects and increased to 55% in 2010. The provision of itinerant CRC screening clinics increased rural screening rates, as did outreach to average-risk and increased-risk (family history) ANs by patient navigators. However, health care system barriers were identified as major obstacles to screening completion, even in the presence of dedicated patient navigators. Limitations: Continuing challenges include geography, limited health system capacity, high staff turnover, and difficulty getting patients to screening appointments. Conclusions: The projects described here aimed to increase CRC screening rates in an innovative and sustainable fashion. The issues and solutions described may provide insight for others working to increase screening rates among geographically dispersed and diverse populations. (Gastrointest Endosc 2012;75:474-80.) C1 [Redwood, Diana] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, C DCHS, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Perdue, David] Amer Indian Canc Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Haverkamp, Donald; Espey, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Redwood, D (reprint author), Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, C DCHS, 4000 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM dredwood@anthc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Cancer Prevention and Control; Indian Health Service; ANTHC Board FX We acknowledge the contributions and support of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, the Indian Health Service, and the ANTHC Board of Directors. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 75 IS 3 BP 474 EP 480 DI 10.1016/j.gie.2011.12.031 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 906BM UT WOS:000301319900002 PM 22341095 ER PT J AU Weck, KE Zehnbauer, B Datto, M Schrijver, I AF Weck, Karen E. Zehnbauer, Barbara Datto, Michael Schrijver, Iris CA CAP ACMG Biochemical & Mol Genetic TI Molecular genetic testing for fraglie X syndrome: laboratory performance on the College of American Pathologists proficiency surveys (2001-2009) SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE diagnostic; fragile X; laboratories; performance; proficiency testing ID REPEAT PRIMED PCR; FRAGILE-X; TREMOR/ATAXIA SYNDROME; EXPANDED ALLELES; CGG REPEAT; FMR1; PREMUTATION; EXPANSION; FEMALES AB Purpose: The College of American Pathologists offers biannual proficiency testing for molecular analysis of fragile X syndrome. The purpose of this study was to analyze laboratory performance on the fragile X proficiency surveys from 2001 to 2009. Methods: Individual laboratory responses were analyzed for accuracy of genotype determination (normal, gray zone, premutation, or full mutation) and size analysis of the FMRI trinucleotide repeat region. The analytical sensitivity and specificity of testing for fragile X were calculated, and laboratory performance for trinucleotide repeat sizing was evaluated. Results: Overall, laboratories demonstrated analytical sensitivity of 99% and 96% for detection of full mutations associated with fragile X syndrome in males and females, respectively; analytical sensitivity of 98% for detection of premutations; and analytical specificity of 99.9%. Size measurements of the CGG repeat region were acceptable from most laboratories, with an increase in the range of reported sizes observed for larger repeat expansions. Conclusions: Molecular genetic testing for fragile X syndrome demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity by laboratories participating in the College of American Pathologists (CAP) surveys. Allele sizing demonstrated good performance overall with improved accuracy over the study period. Participation in proficiency testing can aid laboratories in assessing individual performance and need for calibration of assays. C1 [Weck, Karen E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Weck, Karen E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zehnbauer, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Datto, Michael] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Schrijver, Iris] Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Schrijver, Iris] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Weck, KE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM kweck@unc.edu NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 3 BP 306 EP 312 DI 10.1038/gim.2011.11 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 908FF UT WOS:000301475100004 PM 22241100 ER PT J AU Uehara, R Belay, ED AF Uehara, Ritei Belay, Ermias D. TI Epidemiology of Kawasaki Disease in Asia, Europe, and the United States SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Kawasaki disease; incidence; seasonality; coronary artery; epidemiology ID GIANT CORONARY ANEURYSMS; LYMPH-NODE SYNDROME; SYNDROME HOSPITALIZATIONS; NATIONWIDE SURVEY; RISK-FACTORS; FEATURES; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; SHANGHAI AB Kawasaki disease (KID) is a systemic vasculitis that mainly affects children younger than 5 years. Although Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki first reported KD over 40 years ago, the cause of the disease remains unknown. Currently, KD has been diagnosed in more than 60 countries, including those in Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa, as well as in North America and Europe. The purpose of this review is to describe the epidemiologic features of KD-particularly its incidence, seasonality, and the occurrence of coronary artery abnormalities-primarily in Japan and the United States, but also in Europe and other Asian countries. C1 [Uehara, Ritei] Jichi Med Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 3290498, Japan. [Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Uehara, R (reprint author), Jichi Med Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 3290498, Japan. EM u-ritei@jichi.ac.jp RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 42 TC 93 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 16 PU JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI TOCHIGI PA JICHI MEDICAL SCHOOL, DEPT PUBLIC HEALTH, 3311-1 YAKUSHIJI, MINAMIKAWACH, TOCHIGI, 329-0498, JAPAN SN 0917-5040 J9 J EPIDEMIOL JI J. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.2188/jea.JE20110131 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 910HZ UT WOS:000301629100001 PM 22307434 ER PT J AU Suarthana, E Shen, A Henneberger, PK Kreiss, K Leppla, NC Bueller, D Lewis, DM Bledsoe, TA Janotka, E Petsonk, EL AF Suarthana, Eva Shen, Angela Henneberger, Paul K. Kreiss, Kathleen Leppla, Norman C. Bueller, David Lewis, Daniel M. Bledsoe, Toni A. Janotka, Erika Petsonk, Edward L. TI Post-Hire Asthma Among Insect-Rearing Workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; INDOOR ALLERGENS; EXPOSURE; SENSITIZATION; SENSITIVITY; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS; ADULTS AB Objective: To evaluate the incidence of post-hire asthma (PHA) among insect-rearing workers, defined as asthma, the symptoms of which appeared after hire at the current workplace. Methods: We surveyed the health of workers at three insect-rearing facilities and an associated office facility. We calculated the incidence and estimated hazard ratios for PHA. Results: Post-hire asthma incidence in 157 insect-rearing workers was 16.2 per 1000 person-years compared with 9.2 per 1,000 person-years in 70 office workers. Workers with predominant exposure to Lepidoptera had an incidence of 26.9 per 1000 person-years and a hazard ratio of 5.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.6 to 23.9) adjusted for sex, race, and parental asthma. In contrast, the presence of specific immunoglobulin E to Lepidoptera antigens was not associated with PHA. Conclusion: Insect-rearing workers had a high incidence of PHA, primarily accounted for by workplace exposure to Lepidoptera. C1 [Suarthana, Eva; Shen, Angela; Henneberger, Paul K.; Kreiss, Kathleen; Bueller, David; Petsonk, Edward L.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Suarthana, Eva] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suarthana, Eva] Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Lewis, Daniel M.; Bledsoe, Toni A.; Janotka, Erika] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Leppla, Norman C.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Petsonk, EL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM elp2@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP 310 EP 317 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31823fe098 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 906QY UT WOS:000301363300012 PM 22406633 ER PT J AU Wiegand, DM Chen, PY Hurrell, JJ Jex, S Nakata, A Nigam, JA Robertson, M Tetrick, LE AF Wiegand, Douglas M. Chen, Peter Y. Hurrell, Joseph J., Jr. Jex, Steve Nakata, Akinori Nigam, Jeannie A. Robertson, Michelle Tetrick, Lois E. TI A Consensus Method for Updating Psychosocial Measures Used in NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluations SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID JOB DECISION LATITUDE; WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT; PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT; STRESS; QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDATION; VALIDITY; EXPOSURE; DEMANDS; MODEL AB Objective: An expert panel was convened to select practical, valid psychosocial measures for use during National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health field investigations. Methods: A taxonomy of psychosocial constructs was developed using existing taxonomies and criteria regarding the malleability, actionability, and validity of constructs. Panel members identified measures for each construct based on their expertise and experience. Measures were selected on the basis of the following criteria: practicality, brevity, validity, availability of existing data, and lack of confounds between psychosocial constructs and outcomes. Results: The panel came to a consensus in recommending 24 measures representing 22 constructs. Conclusions: It is important that the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health regularly evaluates its methodologies to ensure it is in line with current best practices. The measures identified will be used modularly in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health fieldwork depending on the nature of the evaluation request, industry type, and worker population. C1 [Wiegand, Douglas M.] Univ S Australia, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Chen, Peter Y.] Univ S Australia, Sch Management, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Jex, Steve] St Marys Univ, Dept Psychol, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Psychol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Nakata, Akinori; Nigam, Jeannie A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Robertson, Michelle] Liberty Mutual Res Inst Safety, Boston, MA USA. [Tetrick, Lois E.] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Wiegand, DM (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, HETAB, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dwiegand@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP 350 EP 355 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182440a04 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 906QY UT WOS:000301363300017 PM 22382896 ER PT J AU Bleich, SN Simon, AE Cooper, LA AF Bleich, Sara N. Simon, Alan E. Cooper, Lisa A. TI Impact of Patient-Doctor Race Concordance on Rates of Weight-Related Counseling in Visits by Black and White Obese Individuals SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIPS; RACIAL CONCORDANCE; DECISION-MAKING; UNITED-STATES; LOSE WEIGHT; ADVICE; SATISFACTION; DISPARITIES AB The objective of this study was to assess the impact of patient-provider race concordance on weight-related counseling among visits by obese patients. We hypothesized that race concordance would be positively associated with weight-related counseling. We used clinical encounter data obtained from the 2005-2007 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (NAMCS). The sample size included 2,231 visits of black and white obese individuals (ages 20 and older) to their black and white physicians from the specialties of general/family practice and general internal medicine. Three outcome measures of weight-related counseling were explored: weight reduction, diet/nutrition, and exercise. Logistic regression was used to model the outcome variables of interest. Wald tests were used to statistically compare whether physicians of each race provided counseling at different rates for obese patients of different races. We did not observe a positive association between patient-physician race concordance and weight-related counseling. We found that visits by black obese patients to white doctors had a lower odds of exercise counseling as compared to visits by white obese patients to white doctors (odds ratio (OR) = 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31, 0.95), and visits by black obese patients to black physicians had lower odds of receiving weight-reduction counseling than visits among white obese patients seeing black physicians (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.90). Black obese patients receive less exercise counseling than white obese patients in visits to white physicians and may be less likely than white obese patients to receive weight-reduction counseling in visits to black physicians. C1 [Bleich, Sara N.; Cooper, Lisa A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Simon, Alan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal Epidemiol & Hlth Policy, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Cooper, Lisa A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Cooper, Lisa A.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Bleich, SN (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM sbleich@jhsph.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [1K01HL096409, K24HL083113] FX S.N.B., A.E.S., and L.A.C. conceived the study and developed the hypotheses. S.N.B. analyzed the data. All authors contributed to the interpretation of study findings. S.N.B. drafted the manuscript and all authors contributed to the final draft. S.N.B. is the guarantor. This work was supported by two grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (1K01HL096409 and K24HL083113). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD MAR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 BP 562 EP 570 DI 10.1038/oby.2010.330 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 899VB UT WOS:000300843500013 PM 21233803 ER PT J AU Lopez, C Budge, P Chen, J Bilyeu, S Mirza, A Custodio, H Irazuzta, J Visvesvara, G Sullivan, KJ AF Lopez, Christina Budge, Phillip Chen, Jimmy Bilyeu, Suzanne Mirza, Ayesha Custodio, Haidee Irazuzta, Jose Visvesvara, Govinda Sullivan, Kevin J. TI Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis A Case Report and Literature Review SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE primary amebic meningoencephalitis; Naegleria fowleri; meningitis; treatment ID FOWLERI IN-VITRO; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; AMPHOTERICIN-B; MOUSE MODEL; SAPPINIA-DIPLOIDEA; ENCEPHALITIS; AZITHROMYCIN; FLORIDA; AGENTS AB Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare but nearly always fatal disease caused by infection with Naegleria fowleri, a thermophilic, free-living ameba found in freshwater environments. Cases of N. fowleri infection have been reported from many of the southerntier states in the United States, with Florida and Texas disproportionately represented among them. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis presents clinically in a fashion that may be indistinguishable from bacterial and viral meningitis. Unfortunately, because the disease is so rare, PAM is often excluded from the differential diagnosis of children with meningitis resulting in delayed diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. Pediatric acute care practitioners in emergency departments, general pediatric wards, and critical care units, especially those practicing in the southern United States, should be familiar with the risk factors for acquisition of PAM, its clinical presentation, and the fact that common empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis will not treat N. fowleri. Herein, we present the case of an adolescent who died of PAM and review the (a) epidemiology, (b) pathophysiology, (c) available diagnostic modalities, (d) treatment options, and (e) outcomes of patients treated for N. fowleri infection of the central nervous system. C1 [Sullivan, Kevin J.] Nemours Childrens Clin, Dept Pediat Anesthesia & Crit Care Med, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. [Mirza, Ayesha; Custodio, Haidee] Univ Florida, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Budge, Phillip] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Irazuzta, Jose] Univ Florida, Div Pediat Crit Care Med, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Visvesvara, Govinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Visvesvara, Govinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Waterborne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Visvesvara, Govinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bilyeu, Suzanne] Nemours Childrens Clin, Div Hosp Pediat, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. [Chen, Jimmy] Univ Florida, Div Hosp Pediat, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Sullivan, KJ (reprint author), Nemours Childrens Clin, Dept Pediat Anesthesia & Crit Care Med, 807 Childrens Way, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. EM ksulliva@nemours.org NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-5161 J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care PD MAR PY 2012 VL 28 IS 3 BP 272 EP 276 DI 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182495589 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics GA 905JN UT WOS:000301268500013 PM 22391923 ER PT J AU Loftis, AD Reeves, WK Miller, MM Massung, RF AF Loftis, Amanda D. Reeves, Will K. Miller, Myrna M. Massung, Robert F. TI Coxiella burnetii, the Agent of Q Fever, in Domestic Sheep Flocks from Wyoming, United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Abortion; Coxiella burnetii; Livestock; Q fever; Sheep ID EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, is an intracellular bacterial pathogen. It has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution. We conducted a serological survey of domestic sheep herds for infections with C. burnetii in Wyoming following reports of abortion and open ewes. Based on the serologic evidence, there was no link between reproductive problems and exposure to C. burnetii. However, the overall prevalence of C. burnetii in WY sheep was 7%, which indicates that the agent is present in the environment and could pose a threat to public health. C1 [Loftis, Amanda D.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St. [Reeves, Will K.; Miller, Myrna M.] USDA, Dept Vet Sci, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY USA. [Massung, Robert F.] CDC, Dept Vet Sci, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USAF, SAM, PHR, 2951 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM wkreeves@gmail.com NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 189 EP 191 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0760 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 906NX UT WOS:000301353600003 PM 22022809 ER PT J AU Duncan, C Kersh, GJ Spraker, T Patyk, KA Fitzpatrick, KA Massung, RF Gelatt, T AF Duncan, Colleen Kersh, Gilbert J. Spraker, Terry Patyk, Kelly A. Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Massung, Robert F. Gelatt, Tom TI Coxiella burnetii in Northern Fur Seal (Callorhinus ursinus) Placentas from St. Paul Island, Alaska SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Coxiella burnetii; Northern fur seal; Placenta; Pribilof Islands ID Q-FEVER; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; INFECTION; DECLINE AB The decline in the number of northern fur seal (NFS; Callorhinus ursinus) pups on St. Paul Island, Alaska, has led to multidisciplinary research, including investigation into issues of reproductive health and success. Given the recent identification of Coxiella burnetii in the placenta of two other marine mammal species, NFS placentas were collected from Reef rookery on St. Paul Island, Alaska, during the 2010 pupping season, examined histologically, and tested for C. burnetii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 146 placentas examined, gram-negative intratrophoblastic bacteria that were positive for C. burnetii on immunohistochemistry were observed in 5 (3%) placentas. Placental infection was usually devoid of associated inflammation or significant ancillary pathology. One hundred nine (75%) of the placentas were positive for C. burnetii on PCR. C. burnetii is globally distributed and persists for long periods in the environment, providing ample opportunity for exposure of many species. The significance of this finding for the declining fur seal population, potential human exposure and infection, and impact on other sympatric marine mammal or terrestrial species is unclear; further investigation into the epidemiology of Coxiella in the marine ecosystem is warranted. C1 [Duncan, Colleen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, CSU Diagnost Med Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gelatt, Tom] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, CSU Diagnost Med Ctr, 300 W Drake Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0715 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 906NX UT WOS:000301353600004 PM 22017469 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Sejvar, JJ Bode, AV Pape, WJ Campbell, GL AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Sejvar, James J. Bode, Amy V. Pape, W. John Campbell, Grant L. TI Delayed Mortality in a Cohort of Persons Hospitalized with West Nile Virus Disease in Colorado in 2003 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Flavivirus; West Nile virus; survival ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; ENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK; ISRAEL; DEATH AB Most mortality associated with West Nile virus (WNV) disease occurs during the acute or early convalescent phases of illness. However, some reports suggest mortality may be elevated for months or longer after acute illness. The objective of this study was to assess the survival of a cohort of patients hospitalized with WNV disease in Colorado in 2003 up to 4 years after illness onset. We calculated age-adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) to evaluate excess mortality, evaluated reported causes of death in those who died, and analyzed potential covariates of delayed mortality. By 1 year after illness onset, 4% of the 201 patients had died (SMR, 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-5.2), and 12% had died by 4 years after onset (SMR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-3.0). Among those who had died, the most common immediate and contributory causes of death included pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease; cancer, hepatic disease, and renal disease were mentioned less frequently. In multivariate analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0 per 10-year increase; 95% CI, 1.4-2.7), autoimmune disease (HR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1-7.9), ever-use of tobacco (HR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.3-7.0), encephalitis during acute WNV illness (HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.1-6.4), and endotracheal intubation during acute illness (HR 4.8; 95% CI, 1.9-12.1) were found to be independently associated with mortality. Our finding of an approximate twofold increase in mortality for up to 3 years after acute illness reinforces the need for prevention measures against WNV infection among at-risk groups to reduce acute as well as longer-term adverse outcomes. C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Sejvar, James J.; Bode, Amy V.; Campbell, Grant L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pape, W. John] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM nplindsey@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 230 EP 235 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0721 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 906NX UT WOS:000301353600009 PM 22022816 ER PT J AU Barile, JP Darnell, AJ Erickson, SW Weaver, SR AF Barile, John P. Darnell, Adam J. Erickson, Steve W. Weaver, Scott R. TI Multilevel Measurement of Dimensions of Collaborative Functioning in a Network of Collaboratives that Promote Child and Family Well-Being SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Collaboration; Coalitions; Collaborative functioning; Children; Multilevel measurement; Structural equation modeling ID CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; COMMUNITY COALITIONS; HEALTH PROMOTION; PARTNERSHIP SYNERGY; PREVENTION; PARTICIPATION; PERSPECTIVE; VARIABLES; CAPACITY; ABUSE AB Evaluating collaboration between community partners presents a series of methodological challenges (Roussos and Fawcett in Annu Rev Public Health 21:369-402, 2000; Yin and Kaftarian 1997), one of which is selection of the appropriate level of analysis. When data are collected from multiple members of multiple settings, multilevel analysis techniques should be used. Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) is an analytic approach that incorporates the advantages of latent variable measurement modeling and multilevel modeling for nested data. This study utilizes MCFA on data obtained from an evaluation survey of collaborative functioning provided to members of 157 community collaboratives in Georgia. This study presents a well-fitting measurement model that includes five dimensions of collaborative functioning, and a structural component with individual- and collaborative-level covariates. Findings suggest that members' role and meeting attendance significantly predicted their assessment of collaboration at the individual level, and that tenure of collaborative leaders predicted the overall functioning of the collaborative at the collaborative level. Dimensionality of collaborative functioning and implications of potentially substantial measurement biases associated with selection of respondents are addressed. C1 [Barile, John P.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Darnell, Adam J.; Erickson, Steve W.] EMSTAR Res Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weaver, Scott R.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Barile, JP (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop K51, Atlanta, GA 30331 USA. EM jbarile@cdc.gov RI Barile, John/F-9456-2015 OI Barile, John/0000-0003-4098-0640 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0091-0562 J9 AM J COMMUN PSYCHOL JI Am. J. Community Psychol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1-2 BP 270 EP 282 DI 10.1007/s10464-011-9455-9 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Social Work GA 892IP UT WOS:000300280200020 PM 21785885 ER PT J AU Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Burkitt, KH Cuerdon, T Harrison, C Gao, SS Obrosky, DS Jain, R Fine, MJ Jernigan, JA AF Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Burkitt, Kelly H. Cuerdon, Timothy Harrison, Cassandra Gao, Shasha Obrosky, D. Scott Jain, Rajiv Fine, Michael J. Jernigan, John A. TI The associations between organizational culture and knowledge, attitudes, and practices in a multicenter Veterans Affairs quality improvement initiative to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Organizational culture; Prevention; Quality improvement; Survey ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; HEALTH-CARE; ICU; PERCEPTIONS; INFECTIONS AB Background: Previous research demonstrates that organizational culture (OC) and knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care personnel are associated with the overall success of infection control programs; however, little attention has been given to the relationships among these factors in contributing to the success of quality improvement programs. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys assessing OC and knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were distributed to 16 medical centers participating in a Veterans Affairs MRSA prevention initiative in 2 time periods. Factor analysis was performed on the OC survey responses, and factor scores were generated. To assess associations between OC and knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care personnel, regression analyses were performed overall and then stratified by job type. Results: The final analyzable sample included 2,314 surveys (43% completed by nurses, 9% by physicians, and 48% by other health care personnel). Three OC factors emerged accounting for 53% of the total variance: "Staff Engagement," "Overwhelmed/Stress-Chaos," and "Hospital Leadership." Overall, higher Staff Engagement was associated with greater knowledge scores, better hand hygiene practices, fewer reported barriers, and more positive attitudes. Higher Hospital Leadership scores were associated with better hand hygiene practices, fewer reported barriers, and more positive attitudes. Conversely, higher Overwhelmed/Stress-Chaos scores were associated with poorer reported prevention practices, more barriers, and less positive attitudes. When these associations were stratified by job type, there were significant associations between OC factors and knowledge for nurses only, between OC factors and practice items for nurses and other health care personnel, and between OC factors and the barriers and attitudes items for all job types. OC factors were not associated with knowledge and practices among physicians. Conclusions: Three OC factors-Staff Engagement, Overwhelmed/Stress-Chaos, and Hospital Leadership-were found to be significantly associated with individual health care personnel knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices regarding MRSA prevention. When developing a prevention intervention program, health care organizations should not only focus on the link between OC and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care personnel, but also target programs based on health care personnel type to maximize their effectiveness. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.; Harrison, Cassandra; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burkitt, Kelly H.; Gao, Shasha; Obrosky, D. Scott; Fine, Michael J.] VA Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Cuerdon, Timothy] VA Cent Off, Off Qual & Performance, Washington, DC USA. [Jain, Rajiv] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Fine, Michael J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RLS7@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 2 BP 138 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.332 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 899XK UT WOS:000300849800012 PM 21864944 ER PT J AU Radcliffe, R Meites, E Briscoe, J Gupta, R Fosheim, G McAllister, SK Jensen, B Noble-Wang, J del Rosario, M Hageman, J Patel, PR AF Radcliffe, Rachel Meites, Elissa Briscoe, Janet Gupta, Rahul Fosheim, Gregory McAllister, Sigrid K. Jensen, Bette Noble-Wang, Judith del Rosario, Maria Hageman, Jeff Patel, Priti R. TI Severe methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus infections associated with epidural injections at an outpatient pain clinic SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; Pain clinic; Outbreak; Epidural injection ID HEALTH-CARE WORKER; C VIRUS-INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; BLOOD-STREAM; OUTBREAK; MANAGEMENT; COMPLICATIONS; COLONIZATION; TRANSMISSION; MENINGITIS AB Background: Recent outbreaks in ambulatory care settings have highlighted infection control breaches as risk factors for disease transmission. In May 2009, 3 patients were hospitalized with severe methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections after receiving epidural injections at a West Virginia outpatient pain clinic. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating clinic patients who received injections during a 3-week period. A case was defined as laboratory-confirmed infection or clinical evidence of infection <= 14 days after a patient received an injection. Infection control procedures were assessed. MSSA isolates from patient infections and clinic staff nasal swabs were genotyped by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: Eight (7%) of 110 cohort patients met the case definition; 6 (75%) cases were laboratory confirmed. Eight (12%) of 69 patients who received epidural injections were case patients compared with none of the other 41 patients (P=.02). During procedures, staff use of face masks and preparation of patient skin were suboptimal; epidural injection syringes were reused to access shared medication vials. MSSA isolates from 2 patients and 1 staff member were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Conclusion: Infection control breaches likely facilitated MSSA transmission to patients receiving epidural injections. Adhering to correct infection control practices in ambulatory care settings is critical to prevent disease transmission. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Radcliffe, Rachel; del Rosario, Maria] W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. [Radcliffe, Rachel; Meites, Elissa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meites, Elissa; Fosheim, Gregory; McAllister, Sigrid K.; Jensen, Bette; Noble-Wang, Judith; Hageman, Jeff; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Briscoe, Janet; Gupta, Rahul] Univ Charleston, Kanawha Charleston Hlth Dept, Charleston, WV USA. [Gupta, Rahul] Univ Charleston, Sch Pharm, Dept Acad Affairs, Charleston, WV USA. [Gupta, Rahul] W Virginia Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Radcliffe, R (reprint author), W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, 350 Capitol St,Room 125, Charleston, WV 25301 USA. EM Rachel.Radcliffe@wv.gov OI Meites, Elissa/0000-0002-0077-2591 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 2 BP 144 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.007 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 899XK UT WOS:000300849800013 PM 21764479 ER PT J AU Blaney, DD Daly, ER Kirkland, KB Tongren, JE Kelso, PT Talbot, EA AF Blaney, David D. Daly, Elizabeth R. Kirkland, Kathryn B. Tongren, Jon Eric Kelso, Patsy Tassler Talbot, Elizabeth A. TI Norovirus outbreaks and alcohol-based handrub solutions: Association does not prove causation Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Letter C1 [Blaney, David D.; Tongren, Jon Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blaney, David D.; Daly, Elizabeth R.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Kirkland, Kathryn B.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. [Tongren, Jon Eric] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Kelso, Patsy Tassler] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. RP Blaney, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2012 VL 40 IS 2 BP 192 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.12.002 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 899XK UT WOS:000300849800024 ER PT J AU Holtzman, D Anderson, LA AF Holtzman, Deborah Anderson, Lynda A. TI Aging and Health in America: A Tale From Two Boomers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Holtzman, Deborah; Anderson, Lynda A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Holtzman, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 392 EP 392 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300647 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500007 PM 22390499 ER PT J AU Anderson, LA Goodman, RA Holtzman, D Posner, SF Northridge, ME AF Anderson, Lynda A. Goodman, Richard A. Holtzman, Deborah Posner, Samuel F. Northridge, Mary E. TI Aging in the United States: Opportunities and Challenges for Public Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Anderson, Lynda A.; Goodman, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Aging Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Goodman, Richard A.] Emory Univ, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Holtzman, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Posner, Samuel F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Northridge, Mary E.] Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Northridge, Mary E.] NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Promot, New York, NY USA. RP Anderson, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Aging Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-5, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM laa0@cdc.gov OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 393 EP 395 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300617 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500008 PM 22390500 ER PT J AU Griffin, SO Jones, JA Brunson, D Griffin, PM Bailey, WD AF Griffin, Susan O. Jones, Judith A. Brunson, Diane Griffin, Paul M. Bailey, William D. TI Burden of Oral Disease Among Older Adults and Implications for Public Health Priorities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ELDERLY-PEOPLE; DENTAL-HEALTH; ROOT CARIES; INDEX; PERIODONTITIS; ABILITY; RISK AB Dental disease is largely preventable. Many older adults, however, experience poor oral health. National data for older adults show racial/ethnic and income disparities in untreated dental disease and oral health-related quality of life. Persons reporting poor versus good health also report lower oral health-related quality of life. On the basis of these findings, suggested public health priorities include better integrating oral health into medical care, implementing community programs to promote healthy behaviors and improve access to preventive services, developing a comprehensive strategy to address the oral health needs of the homebound and long-term-care residents, and assessing the feasibility of ensuring a safety net that covers preventive and basic restorative services to eliminate pain and infection. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:411-418.doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300362) C1 [Griffin, Susan O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jones, Judith A.] Boston Univ, Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Brunson, Diane] Univ Colorado, Sch Dent Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Griffin, Paul M.] Penn State Univ, Sch Ind & Mfg Engn, State Coll, PA USA. RP Griffin, SO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop F-10,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sig1@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [K24DE018211/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States] FX Funding was received from the National Institutes of Health (J. A. J.; grant K24DE018211/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States). NR 50 TC 40 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 18 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300362 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500012 PM 22390504 ER PT J AU Ogden, LL Richards, CL Shenson, D AF Ogden, Lydia L. Richards, Chesley L. Shenson, Douglas TI Clinical Preventive Services for Older Adults: The Interface Between Personal Health Care and Public Health Services SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC DISEASE PREVALENCE; ELECTRONIC MEDICAL-RECORD; PUTTING PREVENTION; US ADULTS; COMMUNITY; DELIVERY; ACCESS; IMPACT; PERFORMANCE; PROGRAM AB Healthy aging must become a priority objective for both population and personal health services, and will require innovative prevention programming to span those systems. Uptake of essential clinical preventive services is currently suboptimal among adults, owing to a number of system- and office-based care barriers. To achieve maximum health results, prevention must be integrated across community and clinical settings. Many preventive services are portable,deliverable in either clinical or community settings. Capitalizing on that flexibility can improve uptake and health outcomes. Significant reductions in health disparities, mortality, and morbidity, along with decreases in health spending, are achievable through improved collaboration and synergy between population health and personal health systems. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:419-425. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300353) C1 [Ogden, Lydia L.] CDC, Off Hlth Reform Strategy Policy & Coordinat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ogden, Lydia L.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Richards, Chesley L.] CDC, Off Prevent Healthcare, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richards, Chesley L.] Emory Univ, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shenson, Douglas] Sickness Prevent Achieved Reg Collaborat, Newton, MA USA. [Shenson, Douglas] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Clin Prevent Serv, Yale Griffin Prevent Res Ctr, New Haven, CT USA. [Shenson, Douglas] Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. RP Ogden, LL (reprint author), CDC, Off Hlth Reform Strategy Policy & Coordinat, 1600 Clifton Rd MS D28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxa3@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 419 EP 425 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300353 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500013 PM 22390505 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Brady, TJ AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Brady, Teresa J. TI A Public Health Approach to Addressing Arthritis in Older Adults: The Most Common Cause of Disability SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS; EARLY RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; UNITED-STATES; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; WEIGHT-LOSS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; INTERVIEW SURVEY; OARSI RECOMMENDATIONS; POTENTIAL BARRIER; OBESE ADULTS AB Arthritis is highly prevalent and is the leading cause of disability among older adults in the United States owing to the aging of the population and increases in the prevalence of risk factors (e.g., obesity). Arthritis will play a large role in the health-related quality of life, functional independence, and disability of older adults in the upcoming decades. We have emphasized the role of the public health system in reducing the impact of this large and growing public health problem, and we have presented priority public health actions. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 426-433. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300423) C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.; Helmick, Charles G.; Brady, Teresa J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hootman, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 426 EP 433 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300423 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500014 PM 22390506 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Pandalai, S Wulsin, V Chun, H AF Schulte, Paul A. Pandalai, Sudha Wulsin, Victoria Chun, HeeKyoung TI Interaction of Occupational and Personal Risk Factors in Workforce Health and Safety SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CARPAL-TUNNEL-SYNDROME; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; WHITE-COLLAR WORKERS; BLADDER-CANCER RISK; LUNG-CANCER AB Most diseases, injuries, and other health conditions experienced by working people are multifactorial, especially as the workforce ages. Evidence supporting the role of work and personal risk factors in the health of working people is frequently underused in developing interventions. Achieving a longer, healthy working life requires a comprehensive preventive approach. To help develop such an approach, we evaluated the influence of both occupational and personal risk factors on workforce health. We present 32 examples illustrating 4 combinatorial models of occupational hazards and personal risk factors (genetics, age, gender, chronic disease, obesity, smoking, alcohol use, prescription drug use). Models that address occupational and personal risk factors and their interactions can improve our understanding of health hazards and guide research and interventions. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:434-448. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300249) C1 [Schulte, Paul A.; Pandalai, Sudha; Chun, HeeKyoung] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Wulsin, Victoria] SOTENI Int, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pschulte@cdc.gov NR 229 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 434 EP 448 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300249 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500015 PM 22021293 ER PT J AU Carter, MW Hock-Long, L Kraft, JM Henry-Moss, D Hatfield-Timajchy, K Singer, M AF Carter, Marion W. Hock-Long, Linda Kraft, Joan Marie Henry-Moss, Dare Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra Singer, Merrill TI Strategies for Managing the Dual Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Unintended Pregnancy Among Puerto Rican and African American Young Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CONDOM USE; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; UNITED-STATES; PROTECTION; DISPARITIES; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION; DISEASES; WOMENS; STD AB Although young adults in the United States are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy, they do not report high rates of dual-method use (condoms plus other contraception) for prevention. We used prospective qualitative data from 69 urban Puerto Rican and African American individuals aged 18 to 25 years to determine how they managed these risks in their heterosexual relationships during a 4- to 8-week period. Hormonal or long-acting contraceptive use, condoms, and withdrawal were the most common unintended pregnancy prevention strategies; condoms, STI testing, and perceived fidelity were dominant among STI prevention strategies. We need to shift the focus from dual-method use toward a broader concept of dual protection to be more responsive to young adults' concerns, perceptions, and priorities. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:449-456. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300461) C1 [Carter, Marion W.; Kraft, Joan Marie; Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hock-Long, Linda; Henry-Moss, Dare] Family Planning Council SE Penn, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Singer, Merrill] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. RP Carter, MW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS-K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mcarter1@cdc.gov OI HENRY-MOSS, DARE/0000-0002-4088-0028 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 449 EP 456 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300461 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500016 PM 22390507 ER PT J AU Thompson, WW Zack, MM Krahn, GL Andresen, EM Barile, JP AF Thompson, William W. Zack, Matthew M. Krahn, Gloria L. Andresen, Elena M. Barile, John P. TI Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Adults With and Without Functional Limitations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; TIME PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DISABILITY PARADOX; PERCEIVED HEALTH; BEHAVIORAL-MODEL; SPORTS-MEDICINE; RESPONSE SHIFT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PEOPLE; EXERCISE AB Objectives. We examined factors that influence health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among individuals aged 50 years and older with and without functional limitations. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to assess associations among demographic characteristics, health care access and utilization indicators, modifiable health behaviors, and HRQOL characterized by recent physically and mentally unhealthy days in those with and those without functional limitations. We defined functional limitations as activity limitations owing to physical, mental, or emotional health or as the need for special equipment because of health. Results. Age, medical care costs, leisure-time physical activity, and smoking were strongly associated with both physically and mentally unhealthy days among those with functional limitations. Among those without functional limitations, the direction of the effects was similar, but the size of the effects was substantially smaller. Conclusions. The availability of lower cost medical care, increasing leisure-time physical activity, and reducing rates of cigarette smoking will improve population HRQOL among older adults with and without functional limitations. These factors provide valuable information for determining future public health priorities. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:496-502. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300500) C1 [Thompson, William W.; Zack, Matthew M.; Barile, John P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Krahn, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Andresen, Elena M.] Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Thompson, WW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wct2@cdc.gov RI Barile, John/F-9456-2015 OI Barile, John/0000-0003-4098-0640 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The work presented in this article was funded solely by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 46 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 496 EP 502 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300500 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893EN UT WOS:000300338500024 PM 22390514 ER PT J AU Collins, WE Sullivan, JS Jeffery, GM Nace, D Williams, T Galland, GG Williams, A Barnwell, JW AF Collins, William E. Sullivan, Joann S. Jeffery, Geoffrey M. Nace, Douglas Williams, Tyrone Galland, G. Gale Williams, Allison Barnwell, John W. TI Mosquito Infection Studies with Aotus Monkeys and Humans Infected with the Chesson Strain of Plasmodiun vivax SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOS; BOLIVIENSIS MONKEYS; FALCIPARUM; TRIVIRGATUS; MALARIA AB Oocyst counts were compared between mosquitoes that fed on humans versus mosquitoes that fed on Aotus monkeys, both of which were infected with the Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax. Oocyst counts obtained from mosquitoes fed on humans were almost 10-fold higher in number. Mosquitoes were more likely to be infected and with a higher rate of infection when they fed on monkeys before the peak in the asexual parasite count. Mosquitoes that fed on humans were more likely to be more heavily infected when fed after the peak in the asexual count. Of several species of owl monkeys, Aotus vociferans was infected at a higher frequency. On the basis of oocyst counts, Anopheles dirus were the most susceptible and An. maculatus were the least susceptible of the mosquito species tested. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anim Resources Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. RP Collins, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA USA. EM wecl@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 398 EP 402 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0264 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 904AM UT WOS:000301166000005 PM 22403307 ER PT J AU Akinbo, FO Okaka, CE Omoregie, R Dearen, T Leon, ET Xiao, L AF Akinbo, Frederick O. Okaka, Christopher E. Omoregie, Richard Dearen, Theressa Leon, Eucaris Torres Xiao, Lihua TI Molecular Epidemiologic Characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in HIV-Infected Persons in Benin City, Nigeria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC DIARRHEA; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; TRANSMISSION; HIV/AIDS; SEQUENCE; HUMANS AB Molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi has led to better understanding of microsporidiosis transmission in humans. This study aimed to detect and genotype E. bieneusi in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. Stool specimens were collected from 463 HIV-infected patients and analyzed for E. bieneusi by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer. E. bieneusi was detected in 77 HIV patients. CD4 cell counts < 200 cells/mu L was associated with E. bieneusi infection (P = 0.09). E. bieneusi was significantly associated with weight loss (P < 0.0001), diarrhea (P = 0.006), fever (P < 0.0001), not being married (P < 0.0001), and flush type of toilet (P = 0.0007). Six known genotypes of D, A, IV, CAF2, EbpA, and Peru 8 in 31, 22, 14, 2, 1, and 1 patients, respectively, five novel genotypes of E. bieneusi, and one infection with mixed genotypes were observed in this study. Three of the novel genotypes were genetically distant to the genotypes commonly found in humans. C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Benin Teaching Hosp, Dept Pathol, Benin, Nigeria. Univ Benin, Dept Anim & Environm Biol, Benin, Nigeria. Univ Benin Teaching Hosp, Sch Med Lab Sci, Benin, Nigeria. RP Xiao, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; NR 21 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 441 EP 445 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0548 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 904AM UT WOS:000301166000012 PM 22403314 ER PT J AU MacMillan, K Monaghan, AJ Apangu, T Griffith, KS Mead, PS Acayo, S Acidri, R Moore, SM Mpanga, JT Enscore, RE Gage, KL Eisen, RJ AF MacMillan, Katherine Monaghan, Andrew J. Apangu, Titus Griffith, Kevin S. Mead, Paul S. Acayo, Sarah Acidri, Rogers Moore, Sean M. Mpanga, Joseph Tendo Enscore, Russel E. Gage, Kenneth L. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Climate Predictors of the Spatial Distribution of Human Plague Cases in the West Nile Region of Uganda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; YERSINIA-PESTIS; NEW-MEXICO; ENDEMIC REGION; RISK; FLEAS; MODEL; POPULATIONS; EXPOSURE; VECTORS AB East Africa has been identified as a region where vector-borne and zoonotic diseases are most likely to emerge or re-emerge and where morbidity and mortality from these diseases is significant. Understanding when and where humans are most likely to be exposed to vector-borne and zoonotic disease agents in this region can aid in targeting limited prevention and control resources. Often, spatial and temporal distributions of vectors and vector-borne disease agents are predictable based on climatic variables. However, because of coarse meteorological observation networks, appropriately scaled and accurate climate data are often lacking for Africa. Here, we use a recently developed 10-year gridded meteorological dataset from the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting Model to identify climatic variables predictive of the spatial distribution of human plague cases in the West Nile region of Uganda. Our logistic regression model revealed that within high elevation sites (above 1,300 m), plague risk was positively associated with rainfall during the months of February, October, and November and negatively associated with rainfall during the month of June. These findings suggest that areas that receive increased but not continuous rainfall provide ecologically conducive conditions for Yersinia pestis transmission in this region. This study serves as a foundation for similar modeling efforts of other vector-borne and zoonotic disease in regions with sparse observational meteorologic networks. C1 [MacMillan, Katherine; Monaghan, Andrew J.; Apangu, Titus; Griffith, Kevin S.; Mead, Paul S.; Acayo, Sarah; Acidri, Rogers; Moore, Sean M.; Mpanga, Joseph Tendo; Enscore, Russel E.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. RP MacMillan, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM iky4@cdc.gov OI Monaghan, Andrew/0000-0002-8170-2359 FU CDC FX This work was supported in part by funds from the CDC Climate Change Program. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 514 EP 523 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0569 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 904AM UT WOS:000301166000026 PM 22403328 ER PT J AU Wolkin, A Hunt, D Martin, C Caldwell, KL McGeehin, MA AF Wolkin, Amy Hunt, Danielle Martin, Colleen Caldwell, Kathleen L. McGeehin, Michael A. TI Blood mercury levels among fish consumers residing in areas with high environmental burden SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Fish; Organic mercury; Inorganic mercury; Environmental contamination ID INORGANIC MERCURY; METHYLMERCURY; EXPOSURE; ABNORMALITIES; CONSUMPTION; SELENIUM AB Mercury is a ubiquitous, persistent toxicant found in the environment. In water, mercury bioaccumulates up the food chain and leads to high concentrations in fish. Consumption of contaminated fish is the major source of exposure to mercury in the US. The objective of this study was to enroll persons living in areas selected by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to have high mercury concentrations and who consume at least 6 oz of locally caught fish per week to determine the feasibility of monitoring future trends among a population identified as highly exposed. Blood samples were collected at time of interview and analyzed for mercury. Participants (n = 287) were enrolled from North Carolina, Maryland, and South Dakota. Participants reported eating an average of five servings of fish per week. The overall geometric mean for total mercury was 0.75 mu g L-1, with North Carolina having the highest mean level (2.02 mu g L-1). Overall, 42% of the study population had levels greater than the US geometric mean 0.83 mu g L-1. The number of servings of fish consumed was not found to be associated with blood mercury levels. We were able to identify some persons with elevated mercury concentrations living in areas identified by EPA; however, identifying and monitoring a highly exposed population over time would be challenging. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wolkin, Amy; Hunt, Danielle; Martin, Colleen; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; McGeehin, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wolkin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ajf9@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 9 BP 967 EP 971 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.11.026 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 905NA UT WOS:000301277700014 PM 22153999 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Wilson, PWF Rifai, N AF Vesper, Hubert W. Wilson, Peter W. F. Rifai, Nader TI A Message from the Laboratory Community to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel IV SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL; TRENDS; HDL C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wilson, Peter W. F.] Emory Clin Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Peter W. F.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HVesper@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 58 IS 3 BP 523 EP 527 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2011.178202 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 901AU UT WOS:000300934900010 PM 22378572 ER PT J AU Langer, AJ Ayers, T Grass, J Lynch, M Angulo, FJ Mahon, BE AF Langer, Adam J. Ayers, Tracy Grass, Julian Lynch, Michael Angulo, Frederick J. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Nonpasteurized Dairy Products, Disease Outbreaks, and State Laws-United States, 1993-2006 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM INFECTION; RAW-MILK CHEESE; PASTEURIZED MILK; CONSUMPTION; WASHINGTON; CALIFORNIA; ENGLAND; WALES; COWS C1 [Langer, Adam J.; Ayers, Tracy; Grass, Julian; Lynch, Michael; Angulo, Frederick J.; Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Langer, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alanger@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 32 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 31 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111370 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000003 PM 22377202 ER PT J AU Dumyati, G Stevens, V Hannett, GE Thompson, AD Long, C MacCannell, D Limbago, B AF Dumyati, Ghinwa Stevens, Vanessa Hannett, George E. Thompson, Angela D. Long, Cherie MacCannell, Duncan Limbago, Brandi TI Community-associated Clostridium difficile Infections, Monroe County, New York, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DIARRHEA; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANADA; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; ANIMALS; STRAINS; MEAT; FOOD C1 [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Ctr Community Hlth, Rochester, NY 14607 USA. [Stevens, Vanessa] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Hannett, George E.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Thompson, Angela D.; Long, Cherie; MacCannell, Duncan; Limbago, Brandi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dumyati, G (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Ctr Community Hlth, 46 Prince St, Rochester, NY 14607 USA. EM ghinwa_dumyati@urmc.rochester.edu RI Stevens, Vanessa/E-5790-2011 OI Stevens, Vanessa/0000-0001-8933-5453 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 392 EP 400 DI 10.3201/eid1803.102023 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000004 PM 22377231 ER PT J AU O'Neal, SE Townes, JM Wilkins, PP Noh, JC Lee, D Rodriguez, S Garcia, HH Stauffer, WM AF O'Neal, Seth E. Townes, John M. Wilkins, Patricia P. Noh, John C. Lee, Deborah Rodriguez, Silvia Garcia, Hector H. Stauffer, William M. TI Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Taenia solium Cysticerci among Refugees Resettled in United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOELECTROTRANSFER BLOT; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; PRAZIQUANTEL; INFECTION; SEIZURES; TAPEWORM; ASSAY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS AB Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a disease caused by central nervous system infection by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. In developing countries, NCC is a leading cause of adult-onset epilepsy. Case reports of NCC are increasing among refugees resettled to the United States and other nations, but the underlying prevalence among refugee groups is unknown. We tested stored serum samples from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Migrant Serum Bank for antibodies against T solium cysts by using the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot. Seroprevalence was high among all 4 populations tested: refugees from Burma (23.2%), Lao People's Democratic Republic (18.3%), Bhutan (22.8%), and Burundi (25.8%). Clinicians caring for refugee populations should suspect NCC in patients with seizure, chronic headache, or unexplained neurologic manifestations. Improved understanding of the prevalence of epilepsy and other associated diseases among refugees could guide recommendations for their evaluation and treatment before, during, and after resettlement. C1 [O'Neal, Seth E.; Townes, John M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Wilkins, Patricia P.; Noh, John C.; Lee, Deborah; Stauffer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rodriguez, Silvia; Garcia, Hector H.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Stauffer, William M.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP O'Neal, SE (reprint author), 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,CSB 669, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM oneals@ohsu.edu FU CDC; International Society for Travel Medicine; National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center through Vanderbilt University [R24 TW007988]; Research Institute for Health Sciences at Chiang Mai University FX This work was financially supported by the CDC Emerging Infections Program through the State of Oregon Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention program and by the International Society for Travel Medicine. S.E.O. is supported by the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center Clinical Research Scholars and Fellows Training Program through Vanderbilt University (R24 TW007988) and by the Research Institute for Health Sciences at Chiang Mai University. H.H.G. is now a Wellcome Trust Senior International Research Fellow. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111367 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000009 PM 22377408 ER PT J AU Moonan, PK Ghosh, S Oeltmann, JE Kammerer, JS Cowan, LS Navin, TR AF Moonan, Patrick K. Ghosh, Smita Oeltmann, John E. Kammerer, J. Steven Cowan, Lauren S. Navin, Thomas R. TI Using Genotyping and Geospatial Scanning to Estimate Recent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS; POSITIVE CULTURES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; DISEASE; METAANALYSIS; RELAPSE AB To determine the proportion of reported tuberculosis (TB) cases due to recent transmission in the United States, we conducted a cross-sectional study to examine culture-positive TB cases, with complete genotype results (spoligotyping and 12-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit variable-number tandem repeat typing), reported during January 2005 December 2009. Recently transmitted cases were defined as cases with matching results reported within statistically significant geospatial zones (identified by a spatial span statistic within a sliding 3-year window). Approximately 1 in 4 TB cases reported in the United States may be attributed to recent transmission. Groups at greatest risk for recent transmission appear to be men, persons born in the United States, members of a minority race or ethnic group, persons who abuse substances, and the homeless. Understanding transmission dynamics and establishing strategies for rapidly detecting recent transmission among these populations are essential for TB elimination in the United States. C1 [Moonan, Patrick K.; Ghosh, Smita; Oeltmann, John E.; Kammerer, J. Steven; Cowan, Lauren S.; Navin, Thomas R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moonan, PK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoonan@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 NR 40 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 458 EP 465 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111107 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000012 PM 22377473 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NF Curry, J Drobeniuc, J Weintrob, A Landrum, M Ganesan, A Bradley, W Agan, BK Kamili, S AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Curry, Jennifer Drobeniuc, Jan Weintrob, Amy Landrum, Michael Ganesan, Anuradha Bradley, William Agan, Brian K. Kamili, Saleem CA Infectious Dis Clinical Res TI Hepatitis E Virus Infection in HIV-infected Persons SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ANTIBODIES AB To determine whether hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a cause of hepatitis among HIV-infected persons, we evaluated 1985-2009 data for US military beneficiaries. Evidence of acute or prior HEV infection was detected for 7 (4%) and 5 (3%) of 194 HIV-infected persons, respectively. HEV might be a cause of acute hepatitis among HIV-infected persons. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Curry, Jennifer; Weintrob, Amy; Landrum, Michael; Ganesan, Anuradha; Bradley, William; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Curry, Jennifer] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Landrum, Michael] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NF (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Suite 5,34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences [IDCRP-000-21]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-5072] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-21) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 502 EP 506 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111278 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000023 PM 22377220 ER PT J AU Jones, TF Gerner-Smidt, P AF Jones, Timothy F. Gerner-Smidt, Peter TI Nonculture Diagnostic Tests for Enteric Diseases SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI INFECTIONS; CONNECTICUT; DIARRHEA C1 [Jones, Timothy F.] Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jones, TF (reprint author), Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Tennessee Dept Hlth, 1st Floor,Cordell Hull Bldg,425 5th Ave N, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM tim.f.jones@tn.gov NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 513 EP 514 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111914 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000026 PM 22377326 ER PT J AU Kalokhe, AS Shafiq, M Lee, JC Metchock, B Posey, JE Ray, SM Anderson, A Wang, YF Nguyen, MLT AF Kalokhe, Ameeta S. Shafiq, Majid Lee, James C. Metchock, Beverly Posey, James E. Ray, Susan M. Anderson, Albert Wang, Yun F. Nguyen, Minh Ly T. TI Discordance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rifampin Susceptibility SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID RPOB GENE; RESISTANCE; METAANALYSIS; MUTATIONS; REGION C1 [Kalokhe, Ameeta S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Metchock, Beverly; Posey, James E.; Nguyen, Minh Ly T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kalokhe, AS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 206 Woodruff Res Extens Bldg,49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM akalokh@emory.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI074492, T32AI074492] NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 537 EP 539 DI 10.3201/eid1803.111357 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000040 PM 22377132 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI The Shortest Follies Are the Best SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 541 EP 542 DI 10.3201/eid1803.AC1803 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 902FM UT WOS:000301024000043 ER PT J AU Kurbatova, EV Cavanaugh, JS Shah, NS Wright, A Kim, H Metchock, B Van Deun, A Barrera, L Boulahbal, F Richter, E Martin-Casabona, N Arias, F Zemanova, I Drobniewski, F Silva, AS Coulter, C Lumb, R Cegielski, JP AF Kurbatova, E. V. Cavanaugh, J. S. Shah, N. S. Wright, A. Kim, H. Metchock, B. Van Deun, A. Barrera, L. Boulahbal, F. Richter, E. Martin-Casabona, N. Arias, F. Zemanova, I. Drobniewski, F. Santos Silva, A. Coulter, C. Lumb, R. Cegielski, J. P. TI Rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: susceptibility to isoniazid and other anti-tuberculosis drugs SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; rifampicin resistance; molecular diagnostic tests; drug resistance AB Based on data from 14 Supranational Tuberculosis (TB) Reference Laboratories worldwide, the proportion of rifampicin (RMP) resistant isolates that were isoniazid (INH) susceptible by phenotypic drug susceptibility testing varied widely (0.5-11.6%). RMP-resistant isolates that were INH-susceptible had significantly lower rates of resistance to other first- and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (except rifabutin) compared to multidrug-resistant isolates. RMP resistance is not always a good proxy for a presumptive diagnosis of multidrug-resistant TB, which has implications for use of molecular assays that identify only RMP resistance-associated DNA mutations. C1 [Kurbatova, E. V.; Cavanaugh, J. S.; Metchock, B.; Cegielski, J. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, N. S.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Wright, A.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Kim, H.] Korean Inst TB, Seoul, South Korea. [Van Deun, A.] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Barrera, L.] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Boulahbal, F.] Inst Pasteur, Algiers, Algeria. [Richter, E.] Natl Reference Ctr Mycobacteria, Borstel, Germany. [Martin-Casabona, N.] Hosp Univ Vall dHebron, Barcelona, Spain. [Arias, F.] Inst Publ Hlth Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Zemanova, I.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Scrobarova, Czech Republic. [Drobniewski, F.] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. [Coulter, C.] Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Santos Silva, A.] Natl Inst Hlth, Oporto, Portugal. [Lumb, R.] Inst Med & Vet Sci, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. RP Kurbatova, EV (reprint author), CDC, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekurbatova@cdc.gov RI Coulter, Christopher/K-8922-2013; Zemanova, Ilona/O-5179-2015 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 11 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 355 EP 357 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0542 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 903DY UT WOS:000301097500013 PM 22640449 ER PT J AU Alexy, ER Podewils, LJ Mitnick, CD Becerra, MC Laserson, KF Bonilla, C AF Alexy, E. R. Podewils, L. J. Mitnick, C. D. Becerra, M. C. Laserson, K. F. Bonilla, C. TI Concordance of programmatic and laboratory-based multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Peru SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE drug-resistant TB; program factors; cross-validation; bacteriologic outcomes; clinical judgment AB BACKGROUND: Confirmation of cure for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients requires laboratory tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth on culture media. Outcome decisions dictate patient management, and inaccuracies place patients at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and may contribute to continued transmission of MDR-TB. OBJECTIVE: To examine concordance between programmatic and laboratory-based MDR-TB treatment outcomes. METHODS: The study population included 1658 MDR-TB patients in Peru treated between 1996 and 2002 with both program and laboratory-based outcomes. Laboratory-based outcomes were assigned according to international standards requiring at least five consecutive negative cultures in the last 12 months of treatment to confirm cure. RESULTS: Compared to the global culture-defined standard classification, only 1.1% of treatment successes, but 54.3% of failures, were misclassified programmatically. Overall, 10.4% of patients identified by a clinician as having a successful treatment outcome still had cultures positive for MDR-TB. CONCLUSION: Most patients with successful treatment outcomes by strict culture definitions were also classified by clinicians as having successful outcomes. However, many culture-confirmed failures were missed. In light of delays and incomplete access to culture in MDR-TB programs, efforts should be made to improve the accuracy of programmatically determined treatment outcomes. C1 [Alexy, E. R.; Podewils, L. J.; Laserson, K. F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alexy, E. R.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mitnick, C. D.; Becerra, M. C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Mitnick, C. D.; Becerra, M. C.] Partners Hlth Socios Salud, Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru. [Bonilla, C.] Natl Hosp Daniel Alcides Carrion, Callao, Peru. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies at Harvard University; Thomas J White; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K01 HL080939]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [K01 A1065836] FX Sources of financial support for this study include the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies at Harvard University, and Thomas J White. The authors also acknowledge the support of career development awards from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K01 HL080939, to MCB) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K01 A1065836, to CDM). NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0511 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 903DY UT WOS:000301097500015 PM 22640451 ER PT J AU Tsang, RSW Rudolph, K Lovgren, M Bekal, S Lefebvre, B Lambertsen, L Zulz, T Bruce, M AF Tsang, Raymond S. W. Rudolph, Karen Lovgren, Marguerite Bekal, Sadjia Lefebvre, Brigitte Lambertsen, Lotte Zulz, Tammy Bruce, Michael TI International Circumpolar Surveillance Interlaboratory Quality Control Program for Serotyping Haemophilus influenzae and Serogrouping Neisseria meningitidis, 2005 to 2009 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIAD PCR ELISA; SLIDE AGGLUTINATION; POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIGENS; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; LATEX AGGLUTINATION; ANTISERUM AGAR; IDENTIFICATION; CAPSULE; STRAINS AB The International Circumpolar Surveillance (ICS) program was initiated in 1999 to conduct population-based surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease in select regions of the Arctic. The program was expanded to include the surveillance of invasive diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae. An interlaboratory quality control (QC) program to monitor laboratory proficiencies in the serogrouping of N. meningitidis and serotyping of H. influenzae strains was codeveloped by the Arctic Investigations Program (Anchorage, AK) and the Public Health Agency of Canada National Microbiology Laboratory (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) and introduced into the ICS program in 2005. Other participating laboratories included the Provincial Laboratory for Public Health (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada), Laboratoire Sante Publique du Quebec (Sainte-Anne-deBellevue, Quebec, Canada), and Statens Serum Institut (Copenhagen, Denmark). From 2005 through 2009, 50 isolates (24 N. meningitidis and 26 H. influenzae isolates) were distributed among the five participating laboratories. The overall serogroup concordance for N. meningitidis strains was 92.3% (96/104), without including three isolates that were found to express both serogroup Y and W135 specificities. Concordant results were obtained for serogroups A, B, C, and Y among all laboratories. Discrepancies were observed most frequently for serogroups W135, X, Z, and 29E. The overall serotype concordance for H. influenzae was 98% (125/127 attempts). The two discrepant results involved a serotype c strain and a serotype e strain, and in both cases, the serotypeable H. influenzae isolates were misidentified as being nontypeable. These data demonstrate a high degree of concordance for serogroup and serotype determinations of N. meningitidis and H. influenzae isolates, respectively, among the five laboratories participating in this quality control program. C1 [Tsang, Raymond S. W.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Rudolph, Karen; Zulz, Tammy; Bruce, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Lovgren, Marguerite] Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Bekal, Sadjia; Lefebvre, Brigitte] Lab Sante Publ Quebec, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada. [Lambertsen, Lotte] Statens Serum Inst, Neisseria & Streptococcus Reference Lab, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Tsang, RSW (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. EM raymond.tsang@phac-aspc.gc.ca OI Lambertsen, Lotte/0000-0001-6409-6337 NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 651 EP 656 DI 10.1128/JCM.05084-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800018 PM 22170933 ER PT J AU Sahin, O Fitzgerald, C Stroika, S Zhao, SH Sippy, RJ Kwan, P Plummer, PJ Han, J Yaeger, MJ Zhang, QJ AF Sahin, Orhan Fitzgerald, Collette Stroika, Steven Zhao, Shaohua Sippy, Rachel J. Kwan, Patrick Plummer, Paul J. Han, Jing Yaeger, Michael J. Zhang, Qijing TI Molecular Evidence for Zoonotic Transmission of an Emergent, Highly Pathogenic Campylobacter jejuni Clone in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COLI INFECTIONS; RISK-FACTORS; ABORTION; DISEASES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EVOLUTIONARY; ATTRIBUTION AB Campylobacter jejuni is a major zoonotic pathogen. A highly virulent, tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni clone (clone SA) has recently emerged in ruminant reservoirs and has become the predominant cause of sheep abortion in the United States. To determine whether clone SA is associated with human disease, we compared the clinical isolates of clone SA from sheep abortions with the human isolates of the PulseNet National Campylobacter databases at the CDC and the FDA using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and serotyping. The combined SmaI and KpnI PFGE pattern designations of clone SA from sheep were indistinguishable from those of 123 (9.03%) human C. jejuni isolates (total, 1,361) in the CDC database, among which 56 were associated with sporadic infections and 67 were associated with outbreaks that occurred in multiple states from 2003 to 2010. Most of the outbreaks were attributed to raw milk, while the sources for most of the sporadic cases were unknown. All clone SA isolates examined, including PFGE-matched human isolates, belong to sequence type 8 (ST-8) by MLST and serotype HS:1,8, further indicating the clonality of the related isolates from different host species. Additionally, C. jejuni clone SA was identified in raw milk, cattle feces, the feces and bile of healthy sheep, and abortion cases of cattle and goats, indicating the broad distribution of this pathogenic clone in ruminants. These results provide strong molecular and epidemiological evidence for zoonotic transmission of this emergent clone from ruminants to humans and indicate that C. jejuni clone SA is an important threat to public health. C1 [Sahin, Orhan; Sippy, Rachel J.; Plummer, Paul J.; Han, Jing; Zhang, Qijing] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Plummer, Paul J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. [Yaeger, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA USA. [Fitzgerald, Collette; Stroika, Steven; Kwan, Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhao, Shaohua] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. RP Zhang, QJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM zhang123@iastate.edu RI Zhang, Qijing/B-7530-2012; Plummer, Paul/B-2817-2011 OI Plummer, Paul/0000-0002-5784-8382 FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the USDA [2010-65110-20419]; Iowa Livestock Health Advisory Council [109-05-14] FX This work was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the USDA (grant no. 2010-65110-20419) and the Iowa Livestock Health Advisory Council (grant no. 109-05-14). NR 59 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 680 EP 687 DI 10.1128/JCM.06167-11 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800023 PM 22189122 ER PT J AU Wang, X Theodore, MJ Mair, R Trujillo-Lopez, E du Plessis, M Wolter, N Baughman, AL Hatcher, C Vuong, J Lott, L von Gottberg, A Sacchi, C McDonald, JM Messonnier, NE Mayer, LW AF Wang, Xin Theodore, M. Jordan Mair, Raydel Trujillo-Lopez, Elizabeth du Plessis, Mignon Wolter, Nicole Baughman, Andrew L. Hatcher, Cynthia Vuong, Jeni Lott, Lisa von Gottberg, Anne Sacchi, Claudio McDonald, J. Matthew Messonnier, Nancy E. Mayer, Leonard W. TI Clinical Validation of Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Bacterial Meningitis Pathogens SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINES; CHILDREN YOUNGER; GENES; QUANTITATION; SAMPLES AB Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are important causes of meningitis and other infections, and rapid, sensitive, and specific laboratory assays are critical for effective public health interventions. Singleplex real-time PCR assays have been developed to detect N. meningitidis ctrA, H. influenzae hpd, and S. pneumoniae lytA and serogroup-specific genes in the cap locus for N. meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. However, the assay sensitivity for serogroups B, W135, and Y is low. We aimed to improve assay sensitivity and develop multiplex assays to reduce time and cost. New singleplex real-time PCR assays for serogroup B synD, W135 synG, and Y synF showed 100% specificity for detecting N. meningitidis species, with high sensitivity (serogroup B synD, 99% [75/76]; W135 synG, 97% [38/39]; and Y synF, 100% [66/66]). The lower limits of detection (LLD) were 9, 43, and 10 copies/reaction for serogroup B synD, W135 synG, and Y synF assays, respectively, a significant improvement compared to results for the previous singleplex assays. We developed three multiplex real-time PCR assays for detection of (i) N. meningitidis ctrA, H. influenzae hpd, and S. pneumoniae lytA (NHS assay); (ii) N. meningitidis serogroups A, W135, and X (AWX assay); and (iii) N. meningitidis serogroups B, C, and Y (BCY assay). Each multiplex assay was 100% specific for detecting its target organisms or serogroups, and the LLD was similar to that for the singleplex assay. Pairwise comparison of real-time PCR between multiplex and singleplex assays showed that cycle threshold values of the multiplex assay were similar to those for the singleplex assay. There were no substantial differences in sensitivity and specificity between these multiplex and singleplex real-time PCR assays. C1 [Wang, Xin; Theodore, M. Jordan; Mair, Raydel; Hatcher, Cynthia; Vuong, Jeni; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Trujillo-Lopez, Elizabeth; Lott, Lisa; McDonald, J. Matthew] Lackland AFB, Adv Diagnost Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. [Baughman, Andrew L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [du Plessis, Mignon; Wolter, Nicole; von Gottberg, Anne] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Sacchi, Claudio] Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Ctr Immunol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xwang2@cdc.gov OI du Plessis, Mignon/0000-0001-9186-0679 NR 29 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 702 EP 708 DI 10.1128/JCM.06087-11 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800026 PM 22170919 ER PT J AU Van, TT Miller, J Warshauer, DM Reisdorf, E Jernigan, D Humes, R Shult, PA AF Van, Tam T. Miller, Joseph Warshauer, David M. Reisdorf, Erik Jernigan, Daniel Humes, Rosemary Shult, Peter A. TI Pooling Nasopharyngeal/Throat Swab Specimens To Increase Testing Capacity for Influenza Viruses by PCR SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C-VIRUS; PURE LC INSTRUMENT; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; MULTIPLEX REAGENT; BLOOD-DONATIONS; B-VIRUS; HCV; SENSITIVITY; EXTRACTION; INFECTION AB Real-time PCR methodology can be applied to rapidly and accurately detect influenza viruses. During times of surge testing or enhanced pandemic surveillance, public health laboratories (PHLs) may experience overwhelming demand for testing, even while the prevalence of positive specimens remains low. To improve laboratory capacity and testing efficiency during surges, we evaluated whether nasopharyngeal (NP)/throat swab specimens can be pooled and tested for the presence of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus without a reduction in sensitivity. Pools of 10 specimens were extracted and concentrated upon elution on the MagNA Pure LC instrument, and real-time PCR was performed on the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast platform, using the CDC swine influenza virus real-time RT-PCR detection panel (rRT-PCR swine flu panel). Specimens in positive pools were singly re-extracted and retested by PCR to identify individual positive samples. Initial studies showed that spiking a pool of nine negative specimens (100 mu l each) or 900 mu l of virus transport medium with 100 mu l of a positive clinical specimen caused no loss of sensitivity by rRT-PCR testing. Pools containing either multiple positive specimens or specimens positive for other respiratory viruses also showed no negative effect on crossing threshold (C-T) values. To test the robustness of the pooling protocol, a panel of 50 blinded samples was sent to three PHLs and tested in five pools of 10. All PHLs correctly identified the positive specimens. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a pooling strategy to increase capacity and conserve resources during surge testing and periods of enhanced influenza surveillance when the prevalence is low. C1 [Van, Tam T.; Warshauer, David M.; Reisdorf, Erik; Shult, Peter A.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Miller, Joseph; Jernigan, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Humes, Rosemary] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Warshauer, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM warshadm@mail.slh.wisc.edu FU Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U38 HM000012] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program (Tam T. Van was an Emerging Infectious Diseases Research Fellow) administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cooperative agreement number U38 HM000012. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 891 EP 896 DI 10.1128/JCM.05631-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800050 PM 22205820 ER PT J AU Kodani, M Winchell, JM AF Kodani, Maja Winchell, Jonas M. TI Engineered Combined-Positive-Control Template for Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR in Multiple-Pathogen-Detection Assays SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT; INFECTION; BACTERIAL; VIRUSES AB Recently we evaluated a custom TaqMan array card (TAC) detection system, formerly known as a TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) card, for simultaneous real-time PCR identification of 21 pathogens and three control targets in duplicate from respiratory specimens (M. Kodani et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 49: 2175-2182, 2011). We engineered an adaptable and expandable system of in vitro RNA transcripts to serve as a combined positive control for both DNA and RNA targets in multiple-pathogen-detection technologies based on real-time reverse transcription-PCR. C1 [Kodani, Maja; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1057 EP 1060 DI 10.1128/JCM.05987-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800079 PM 22170926 ER PT J AU Weinberg, GA Payne, DC Teel, EN Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Bowen, MD Wikswo, M Gentsch, JR Parashar, UD AF Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Payne, Daniel C. Teel, Elizabeth N. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Bowen, Michael D. Wikswo, Mary Gentsch, Jon R. Parashar, Umesh D. TI First Reports of Human Rotavirus G8P[4] Gastroenteritis in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VACCINE-INTRODUCTION; GENOTYPE DISTRIBUTION; STRAIN SURVEILLANCE; SEVERE DIARRHEA; DISEASE; CHILDREN; INFANTS; RATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; REASSORTMENT AB In 2009, three children were hospitalized in Rochester, NY, with sequence-confirmed G8P[4] rotavirus gastroenteritis-the first U.S. detection of this uncommon strain more typically found in Africa. Continued monitoring of G8P[ 4] and other rotavirus genotypes not represented in current vaccines is essential to assess whether vaccination will result in an increase in prevalence of these strains. C1 [Weinberg, Geoffrey A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Payne, Daniel C.; Wikswo, Mary; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Teel, Elizabeth N.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Bowen, Michael D.; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Dis Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weinberg, GA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM geoff_weinberg@urmc.rochester.edu NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1118 EP 1121 DI 10.1128/JCM.05743-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800097 PM 22170918 ER PT J AU Pietrucha-Dilanchian, P Chan, JC Castellano-Sanchez, A Hirzel, A Laowansiri, P Tuda, C Visvesvara, GS Qvarnstrom, Y Ratzan, KR AF Pietrucha-Dilanchian, Paula Chan, Joseph C. Castellano-Sanchez, Amilcar Hirzel, Alicia Laowansiri, Panthipa Tuda, Claudio Visvesvara, Govinda S. Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Ratzan, Kenneth R. TI Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba Amebic Encephalitis with Neurotoxoplasmosis Coinfection in a Patient with Advanced HIV Infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT; LEPTOMYXID-AMEBA; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; HUMANS; IDENTIFICATION; KERATITIS; SPP.; DNA AB We describe a patient with advanced HIV infection and Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba amebic encephalitis with Toxoplasma gondii coinfection. A multidisciplinary effort and state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques were required for diagnosis. Our patient is the first reported case of an HIV-infected person with dual Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba amebic encephalitis with neurotoxoplasmosis coinfection. C1 [Pietrucha-Dilanchian, Paula; Laowansiri, Panthipa] Univ Miami, Jackson Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Castellano-Sanchez, Amilcar; Hirzel, Alicia] Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Div Pathol, Miami Beach, FL USA. [Chan, Joseph C.; Tuda, Claudio; Ratzan, Kenneth R.] Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Miami Beach, FL USA. [Visvesvara, Govinda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pietrucha-Dilanchian, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, Jackson Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM pdilanchian@med.miami.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1128 EP 1131 DI 10.1128/JCM.06252-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 901WB UT WOS:000300997800100 PM 22170911 ER PT J AU Kim, SY Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Chu, SY Camperlengo, LT Anderson, RN AF Kim, Shin Y. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Chu, Susan Y. Camperlengo, Lena T. Anderson, Robert N. TI Differentiating Cause-of-Death Terminology for Deaths Coded as Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Accidental Suffocation, and Unknown Cause: An Investigation Using US Death Certificates, 2003-2004* SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; SIDS; accidental suffocation; cause unknown; death certificate; SUID ID UNITED-STATES; CLASSIFICATION; TRENDS AB We compared written text on infant death certificates for deaths coded as sudden infant death syndrome (R95), unknown cause (R99), and accidental suffocation (W75). Using US mortality files supplemented with the death certifiers written text for all infant deaths with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 assigned codes R95, R99, and W75, we formed cause-of-death subcategories from common themes identified from the written text. Among all infant deaths in 20032004, the underlying cause of death was listed as R99 for 2128 deaths, R95 for 4408 deaths, and W75 for 931 deaths. Among the postneonatal deaths, the differences in subcategories varied between assigned ICD-10 codes: for R99-coded deaths, 45.8% were categorized as Unknown and 48.6% as Pending; for R95-coded deaths, 67.7% were categorized as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); and for W75-coded deaths, 76.4% were categorized as Suffocation. Examination of the written text on the death certificates demonstrates variability in the assigned ICD-10 codes which could have an important effect on the estimates of SIDS cases in the United States. C1 [Kim, Shin Y.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Chu, Susan Y.; Camperlengo, Lena T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Anderson, Robert N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM skim1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 57 IS 2 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01937.x PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 897XY UT WOS:000300696400010 PM 21981558 ER PT J AU Socie, E Duffy, RE Erskine, T AF Socie, Edward Duffy, Rosemary E. Erskine, Timothy TI Substance Use and Type and Severity of Injury Among Hospitalized Trauma Cases: Ohio, 2004-2007 SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS LA English DT Article ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; DRUG-USE; ALCOHOL; ASSOCIATION; CONSUMPTION; OUTCOMES; RISK; CARE AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether persons who were injured severely enough to require hospitalization suffered more severe injury when substance use was involved. This was accomplished by evaluating four proxy outcome measures with Ohio Trauma Registry data from January 2004 through December 2007. Method: Four injury outcomes were identified: injury severity score, admission to an intensive care unit, presence of at least one medical complication, and hospital length of stay. We examined their association with substance (alcohol and/or other drug) use stratified by the likelihood of being tested for substance use, mechanism of injury, sex, age, race, and insurance status. Relative risks and t test scores were calculated. Results: Among 89,129 trauma cases reported to the Ohio Trauma Registry during 2004-2007, more than 21% were substance users. Those younger than 45 years of age were 65% more likely to use substances than those 45 or older, men were 110% more likely than women, Blacks were 86% more likely than non-Blacks, and uninsured persons were 127% more likely than insured persons. Stratified analyses yielded 16 comparisons (4 Injury Outcomes x 4 Age-Insurance Subgroups). For 13 of these 16 comparisons, injury severity was significantly worse (p < .0001) among substance users than nonusers. Conclusions: The evidence is strong enough to conclude that, among hospitalized trauma patients, use of substances (alcohol and/or drug) was associated with increased injury severity. These findings appear to be true for the young and old, regardless of insurance status. (J Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 73, 260-267, 2012) C1 [Socie, Edward] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Duffy, Rosemary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erskine, Timothy] Ohio Dept Publ Safety, Columbus, OH USA. RP Socie, E (reprint author), 1324 Lake Shore Dr,Apt C, Columbus, OH 43204 USA. EM schmedford@gmail.com NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 1937-1888 J9 J STUD ALCOHOL DRUGS JI J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs PD MAR PY 2012 VL 73 IS 2 BP 260 EP 267 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 903BK UT WOS:000301090500010 PM 22333333 ER PT J AU Hanson, DW Finch, CF Allegrante, JP Sleet, D AF Hanson, Dale W. Finch, Caroline F. Allegrante, John P. Sleet, David TI Closing the Gap Between Injury Prevention Research and Community Safety Promotion Practice: Revisiting the Public Health Model SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID LARGE SOCIAL NETWORK; TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH; IMPLEMENTATION; INTERVENTIONS; FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; POLICY; SETTINGS; PROGRAMS; EFFICACY C1 [Hanson, Dale W.] James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med & Rehabil Sci, Mackay Mail Ctr, Mackay, Qld 4741, Australia. [Finch, Caroline F.] Monash Univ, Monash Injury Res Inst, Australian Ctr Res Injury Sport & Its Prevent, Clayton, Vic, Australia. [Allegrante, John P.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY USA. [Allegrante, John P.] Columbia Univ, Teachers Coll, Dept Hlth & Behav Studies, New York, NY USA. [Sleet, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hanson, DW (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med & Rehabil Sci, Mackay Mail Ctr, Mackay Base Hosp Campus,POB 5580, Mackay, Qld 4741, Australia. EM dale.hanson@jcu.edu.au NR 72 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 127 IS 2 BP 147 EP 155 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 906DI UT WOS:000301324700003 PM 22379214 ER PT J AU Ayala, C Fang, J Escobedo, L Pan, S Balcazar, HC Wang, GJ Merritt, R AF Ayala, Carma Fang, Jing Escobedo, Luis Pan, Stephen Balcazar, Hector C. Wang, Guijing Merritt, Robert TI Actions to Control High Blood Pressure Among Hypertensive Adults in Texas Counties Along the Mexico Border: Texas BRFSS, 2007 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INTERVENTION; AMERICANS; OUTCOMES; REGION; MODEL; CARE AB Objectives. We examined the prevalence of actions taken to control blood pressure as measured by taking antihypertensive medication or making lifestyle modifications among hypertensive adults residing along the Texas/Mexico border. Methods. We used self-reported data from the 2007 Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, with oversampling of border counties. We calculated the age-standardized prevalence of actions taken to control hypertension by selected characteristics. Results. In analyses that combined ethnicity with predominant language spoken, those least likely to take any action to control their blood pressure-either by taking an antihypertensive medication or by making any of four lifestyle modifications were Spanish-speaking Hispanic people (83.2% +/- 2.7% standard error [SE]), with English-speaking non-Hispanic people (88.9% +/- 0.8% SE) having the highest prevalence of taking action to control blood pressure. When analyzed by type of medical category, uninsured Hispanic people (63.8% +/- 4.8% SE) had the lowest prevalence of taking action to control their blood pressure compared with uninsured non-Hispanic people (75.4% +/- 4.7% SE). Nonborder Texas residents with hypertension were more likely to take antihypertensive medications (78.4% +/- 1.0% SE) than border county residents with hypertension (70.7% +/- 2.0% SE). Conclusions. Public health efforts must be undertaken to improve the control of hypertension among residents of Texas counties along the Mexico border, particularly for uninsured Hispanic people. C1 [Ayala, Carma; Fang, Jing; Wang, Guijing; Merritt, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Escobedo, Luis; Pan, Stephen] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Off Border Hlth Reg 9 10, El Paso, TX USA. [Balcazar, Hector C.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth Houston, El Paso, TX USA. RP Ayala, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cia1@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 127 IS 2 BP 173 EP 185 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 906DI UT WOS:000301324700006 PM 22379217 ER PT J AU Powell, K Lamb, MM Sisk, MK Federline, L Seechuk, K Lambert, LA Buff, AM AF Powell, Krista Lamb, Molly M. Sisk, Mary K. Federline, Lynn Seechuk, Kimberly Lambert, Lauren A. Buff, Ann M. TI Passenger Contact Investigation Associated with a Transport Driver with Pulmonary Tuberculosis SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; TRAVEL AB Objectives. In October 2008, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) was diagnosed in a driver who had transported 762 passengers in the District of Columbia metropolitan area during his infectious period. A passenger contact investigation was conducted by the six public health jurisdictions because of concern that some passengers might be infected with HIV or have other medical conditions that put them at increased risk for developing TB disease if infected. Methods. Authorities evaluated 92 of 100 passengers with at least 90 minutes of cumulative exposure. Passengers with fewer than 90 minutes of cumulative exposure were evaluated if they had contacted the health department after exposure and had a medical condition that increased their risk of TB. A tuberculin skin test (TST) result of at least 5 millimeters induration was considered positive. Results. Of 153 passengers who completed TST evaluation, 11 (7%) had positive TST results. TST results were not associated with exposure time or high-risk medical conditions. No TB cases were identified in the passengers. Conclusions. The investigation yielded insufficient evidence that Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission to passengers had occurred. TB-control programs should consider transportation-related passenger contact investigations low priority unless exposure is repetitive or single-trip exposure is long. C1 [Powell, Krista; Seechuk, Kimberly; Lambert, Lauren A.; Buff, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Powell, Krista; Lamb, Molly M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sisk, Mary K.] Dept Hlth, TB Control Program, Washington, DC USA. [Federline, Lynn] Prince Georges Cty Dept Hlth, TB Control Program, Cheverly, MD USA. RP Powell, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM duf8@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The authors thank the health departments and staff for their assistance with the investigation. The authors also thank Ghasi Phillips, Laura Polakowski, and Rakhee Palekar for assistance with data collection; Roque Miramontes for assistance with data collection and technical support for the investigation; and Maryam Haddad and Thomas Navin for their insightful review of the article. Genotyping was performed by Laura Guild, Rebecca Kramer, and Sonia Lugo, with funding by a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 127 IS 2 BP 202 EP 207 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 906DI UT WOS:000301324700009 PM 22379220 ER PT J AU Kayira, D Bentley, ME Wiener, J Mkhomawanthu, C King, CC Chitsulo, P Chigwenembe, M Ellington, S Hosseinipour, MC Kourtis, AP Chasela, C Tembo, M Tohill, B Piwoz, EG Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, C Adair, L AF Kayira, Dumbani Bentley, Margaret E. Wiener, Jeffrey Mkhomawanthu, Chimwemwe King, Caroline C. Chitsulo, Phindile Chigwenembe, Maggie Ellington, Sascha Hosseinipour, Mina C. Kourtis, Athena P. Chasela, Charles Tembo, Martin Tohill, Beth Piwoz, Ellen G. Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles Adair, Linda CA BAN Study Team TI A lipid-based nutrient supplement mitigates weight loss among HIV-infected women in a factorial randomized trial to prevent mother-to-child transmission during exclusive breastfeeding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-TRIAL; MORTALITY; LILONGWE; INFANT; MALAWI; BAN; DEPLETION; NUTRITION; PROTOCOL AB Background: Breastfeeding increases metabolic demands on the mother, and excessive postnatal weight loss increases maternal mortality. Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) for prevention of excess weight loss in breastfeeding, HIV-infected women. Design: The BAN (Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition) Study was a randomized controlled trial in Lilongwe, Malawi. At delivery, HIV-infected mothers and their infants were randomly assigned according to a 2-arm (with and without LNS) by 3-arm (maternal triple-antiretroviral prophylaxis, infant-nevirapine prophylaxis, or neither) factorial design. The 28-wk LNS intervention provided daily energy (700 kcal), protein (20 g), and micronutrients (except for vitamin A) to meet lactation needs. Women were counseled to breastfeed exclusively for 24 wk and to wean by 28 wk. Weight change (0-28 wk) was tested in an intent-to-treat analysis by using 2-factor ANOVA and with longitudinal mixed-effects models. Results: At delivery, the LNS (n = 1184) and control (n = 1185) groups had similar mean weights and BMIs. Women receiving the LNS had less 0-28-wk weight loss (21.97 compared with 22.56 kg, P = 0.003). This difference remained significant after adjustment for maternal antiretroviral drug therapy and baseline BMI. Women receiving antiretroviral drugs had more weight loss than did those not receiving antiretroviral drugs (-2.93 compared with -1.90 kg, P < 0.001). The benefit of the LNS for reducing weight loss was observed both in those receiving antiretroviral drugs (-2.56 compared with -3.32 kg, P = 0.019) and in those not receiving antiretroviral drugs (-1.63 compared with -2.16 kg, P = 0.034). Conclusions: The LNS reduced weight loss among HIV-infected, breastfeeding women, both in those taking maternal antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent postnatal HIV transmission and in those not receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis. Provision of an LNS may benefit HIV-infected, breastfeeding women in resource-limited settings. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00164762. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95: 759-65. C1 [Hosseinipour, Mina C.; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Piwoz, Ellen G.; Adair, Linda] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Mkhomawanthu, Chimwemwe; Chitsulo, Phindile; Chigwenembe, Maggie; Chasela, Charles; Tembo, Martin] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Wiener, Jeffrey; King, Caroline C.; Ellington, Sascha; Kourtis, Athena P.; Tohill, Beth; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Adair, L (reprint author), Carolina Populat Ctr, CB 8120 UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. EM linda_adair@unc.edu FU CDC [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID P30-AI50410]; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; UNICEF; World Food Programme; Malawi Ministry of Health; Johnson Johnson; USAID; Abbott Laboratories; GlaxoSmithKline FX The BAN (Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition) Study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID P30-AI50410), the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), and the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06). The antiretroviral medications used in the BAN Study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Call to Action and International Leadership Awards, UNICEF, the World Food Programme, the Malawi Ministry of Health, Johnson & Johnson, and USAID.; MEB, MCH APK, CC, MT, BT, EGP, DJJ, CvdH, and LA): contributed to the trial design; DK, CM, PC, MC, CC, and MT: contributed to data collection; DK, MEB, JW, CCK, SE, BT, EGP, DJJ, CvdH, and LA: contributed to interpretation of data analysis; JW: performed the data analysis; DK, CCK, JW, and LA: wrote the manuscript; and LA: had primary responsibility for final content. All authors reviewed major revisions and contributed to the intellectual content of the manuscript. CvdH reported receiving grant support from Abbott Laboratories and GlaxoSmithKline; MCH received a lecture fee from Abbott Laboratories. There were no other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article. The nongovernment funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis, or interpretation of the data. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 95 IS 3 BP 759 EP 765 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.018812 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 897HK UT WOS:000300638700029 PM 22258269 ER PT J AU Correa, A Gilboa, SM Botto, LD Moore, CA Hobbs, CA Cleves, MA Riehle-Colarusso, TJ Waller, DK Reece, EA AF Correa, Adolfo Gilboa, Suzanne M. Botto, Lorenzo D. Moore, Cynthia A. Hobbs, Charlotte A. Cleves, Mario A. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany J. Waller, D. Kim Reece, E. Albert CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Lack of periconceptional vitamins or supplements that contain folic acid and diabetes mellitus-associated birth defects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Conference on Maternal and Child Health Epidemiology CY DEC 10-12, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA DE birth defect; diabetes mellitus; folic acid; supplement; vitamin ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; PRECONCEPTION CARE; FASTING GLUCOSE; EARLY-PREGNANCY; RAT EMBRYOS; MALFORMATIONS; ANOMALIES; PREVENTION; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the risk of birth defects in relation to diabetes mellitus and the lack of use of periconceptional vitamins or supplements that contain folic acid. STUDY DESIGN: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997-2004) is a multicenter, population-based case-control study of birth defects (14,721 cases and 5437 control infants). Cases were categorized into 18 types of heart defects and 26 noncardiac birth defects. We estimated odds ratios for independent and joint effects of preexisting diabetes mellitus and a lack of periconceptional use of vitamins or supplements that contain folic acid. RESULTS: The pattern of odds ratios suggested an increased risk of defects that are associated with diabetes mellitus in the absence vs the presence of the periconceptional use of vitamins or supplements that contain folic acid. CONCLUSION: The lack of periconceptional use of vitamins or supplements that contain folic acid may be associated with an excess risk for birth defects due to diabetes mellitus. C1 [Correa, Adolfo; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Moore, Cynthia A.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Hobbs, Charlotte A.; Cleves, Mario A.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Birth Defects Res Sect, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hobbs, Charlotte A.; Cleves, Mario A.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Waller, D. Kim] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Reece, E. Albert] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Reece, E. Albert] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Reece, E. Albert] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Correa, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU NCBDD CDC HHS [U50 DD223184, U50 DD113247, U50 DD613232, U50 DD913241, U50 DD422096, U50 DD822097, U50 DD613236, U50 DD713238]; PHS HHS [02081] NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 206 IS 3 AR 218.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.12.018 PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 900HW UT WOS:000300878600024 PM 22284962 ER PT J AU Johnson, TJ Srinivasan, P Albright, TH Watson-Buckheit, K Rabe, L Martin, A Pau, CP Hendry, RM Otten, R McNicholl, J Buckheit, R Smith, J Kiser, PF AF Johnson, Todd J. Srinivasan, Priya Albright, Theodore H. Watson-Buckheit, Karen Rabe, Lorna Martin, Amy Pau, Chou-Pong Hendry, R. Michael Otten, Ron McNicholl, Janet Buckheit, Robert, Jr. Smith, James Kiser, Patrick F. TI Safe and Sustained Vaginal Delivery of Pyrimidinedione HIV-1 Inhibitors from Polyurethane Intravaginal Rings SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; DRUG-RELEASE; MICROBICIDES; DAPIVIRINE; OPTIMIZATION; MICROFLORA; DEVICES; TYPE-1; MATRIX; MEDIA AB The potent antiretroviral pyrimidinediones IQP-0528 (PYD1) and IQP-0532 (PYD2) were formulated in polyurethane intravaginal rings (IVRs) as prophylactic drug delivery systems to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1. To aid in the selection of a pyrimidinedione candidate and the optimal loading of the drug in the IVR delivery system, four pyrimidinedione IVR formulations (PYD1 at 0.5 wt% [PYD1(0.5wt%)], PYD1(1wt%), PYD2(4wt%), and PYD2(14wt%)) were evaluated in pigtail macaques over 28 days for safety and pyrimidinedione vaginal biodistribution. Kinetic analysis of vaginal proinflammatory cytokines, native microflora, and drug levels suggested that all formulations were safe, but only the high-loaded PYD214wt% IVR demonstrated consistently high pyrimidinedione vaginal fluid and tissue levels over the 28-day study. This formulation delivered drug in excess of 10 mu g/ml to vaginal fluid and 1 mu g/g to vaginal tissue, a level over 1,000 times the in vitro 50% effective concentration. The in vitro release of PYD1 and PYD2 under nonsink conditions correlated well with in vivo release, both in amount and in kinetic profile, and therefore may serve as a more biologically relevant means of evaluating release in vitro than typically employed sink conditions. Lastly, the pyrimidinediones in the IVR formulation were chemically stable after 90 days of storage at elevated temperature, and the potent nanomolar-level antiviral activity of both molecules was retained after in vitro release. Altogether, these results point to the successful IVR formulation and vaginal biodistribution of the pyrimidinediones and demonstrate the usefulness of the pigtail macaque model in evaluating and screening antiretroviral IVR formulations prior to preclinical and clinical evaluation. C1 [Johnson, Todd J.; Albright, Theodore H.; Kiser, Patrick F.] Univ Utah, Dept Bioengn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Srinivasan, Priya; Martin, Amy; Pau, Chou-Pong; Hendry, R. Michael; Otten, Ron; McNicholl, Janet; Smith, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV,CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Watson-Buckheit, Karen; Buckheit, Robert, Jr.] ImQuest BioSci Inc, Frederick, MD USA. [Rabe, Lorna] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Magee Womens Res Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kiser, PF (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Bioengn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM patrick.kiser@utah.edu RI Kiser, Patrick/C-2843-2014 OI Kiser, Patrick/0000-0002-3868-7122 FU National Institutes of Health [U19AI076980, U19AI077289]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [Y1-AI-0681-01] FX Work conducted at the University of Utah was financially supported by National Institutes of Health grants U19AI076980 and U19AI077289. This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, under interagency agreement no. Y1-AI-0681-01. NR 47 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1291 EP 1299 DI 10.1128/AAC.05721-11 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 897DN UT WOS:000300623300019 PM 22155820 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Sleeman, K Pearce, MB Katz, JM Gubareva, LV Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Sleeman, Katrina Pearce, Melissa B. Katz, Jacqueline M. Gubareva, Larisa V. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Oseltamivir Inhibits H7 Influenza Virus Replication in Mice Inoculated by the Ocular Route SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; 4-GUANIDINO-2,4-DIDEOXY-2,3-DEHYDRO-N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; A VIRUS; INFECTION; RESISTANCE; OUTBREAK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HEMAGGLUTININ AB The majority of human infections associated with H7 influenza viruses have resulted in ocular and not respiratory disease. While oseltamivir has been prescribed to individuals presenting with conjunctivitis following H7 virus exposure, it is unknown if oseltamivir inhibits virus replication in ocular tissue. We demonstrate that H7 viruses possess sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors and that administration of oseltamivir before ocular virus challenge in mice inhibits H7N7 and H7N3 virus replication in ocular and respiratory tissues. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Sleeman, Katrina; Pearce, Melissa B.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 56 IS 3 BP 1616 EP 1618 DI 10.1128/AAC.06101-11 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 897DN UT WOS:000300623300066 PM 22155827 ER PT J AU Bissett, SL Wilkinson, D Tettmar, KI Jones, N Stanford, E Panicker, G Faust, H Borrow, R Soldan, K Unger, ER Dillner, J Minor, P Beddows, S AF Bissett, Sara L. Wilkinson, Dianna Tettmar, Kate I. Jones, Nicky Stanford, Elaine Panicker, Gitika Faust, Helena Borrow, Ray Soldan, Kate Unger, Elizabeth R. Dillner, Joakim Minor, Philip Beddows, Simon TI Human Papillomavirus Antibody Reference Reagents for Use in Postvaccination Surveillance Serology SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE VACCINE; HPV; NEUTRALIZATION; VALIDATION; INFECTION; EFFICACY; WOMEN; ASSAY AB Suitably controlled serosurveillance surveys are essential for evaluating human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization programs. A panel of plasma samples from 18-year-old females was assembled, the majority of the samples being from recipients of the bivalent HPV vaccine. Antibody specificities were evaluated by three independent laboratories, and 3 pools that displayed no antibodies to any HPV type tested or intermediate or high levels of antibody to HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, and HPV45 were created. These pools will be useful as control reagents for HPV serology. C1 [Bissett, Sara L.; Soldan, Kate; Beddows, Simon] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, London, England. [Wilkinson, Dianna; Jones, Nicky; Minor, Philip] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Tettmar, Kate I.] NHS Blood & Transplant, London, England. [Stanford, Elaine; Borrow, Ray] Hlth Protect Agcy, Vaccine Evaluat & Seroepidemiol Unit, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Panicker, Gitika; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global WHO HPV Reference Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Faust, Helena; Dillner, Joakim] Malmo Univ Hosp, Global WHO HPV Reference Lab, Malmo, Sweden. RP Beddows, S (reprint author), Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, London, England. EM simon.beddows@hpa.org.uk OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU United Kingdom Medical Research Council [G0701217]; WHO FX This work was supported by the United Kingdom Medical Research Council (grant number G0701217). The work performed in Sweden and the United States was supported by the WHO. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 19 IS 3 BP 449 EP 451 DI 10.1128/CVI.05641-11 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899UF UT WOS:000300841200025 PM 22278326 ER PT J AU Magiorakos, AP Srinivasan, A Carey, RB Carmeli, Y Falagas, ME Giske, CG Harbarth, S Hindler, JF Kahlmeter, G Olsson-Liljequist, B Paterson, DL Rice, LB Stelling, J Struelens, MJ Vatopoulos, A Weber, JT Monnet, DL AF Magiorakos, A. -P. Srinivasan, A. Carey, R. B. Carmeli, Y. Falagas, M. E. Giske, C. G. Harbarth, S. Hindler, J. F. Kahlmeter, G. Olsson-Liljequist, B. Paterson, D. L. Rice, L. B. Stelling, J. Struelens, M. J. Vatopoulos, A. Weber, J. T. Monnet, D. L. TI Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial agents; definitions; extensively drug resistant; multidrug resistant; pandrug resistant ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI; INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; BETA-LACTAMASE AB Many different definitions for multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria are being used in the medical literature to characterize the different patterns of resistance found in healthcare-associated, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. A group of international experts came together through a joint initiative by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to create a standardized international terminology with which to describe acquired resistance profiles in Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae (other than Salmonella and Shigella), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp., all bacteria often responsible for healthcare-associated infections and prone to multidrug resistance. Epidemiologically significant antimicrobial categories were constructed for each bacterium. Lists of antimicrobial categories proposed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing were created using documents and breakpoints from the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). MDR was defined as acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories, XDR was defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer antimicrobial categories (i.e. bacterial isolates remain susceptible to only one or two categories) and PDR was defined as non-susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial categories. To ensure correct application of these definitions, bacterial isolates should be tested against all or nearly all of the antimicrobial agents within the antimicrobial categories and selective reporting and suppression of results should be avoided. C1 [Magiorakos, A. -P.; Struelens, M. J.; Monnet, D. L.] European Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Stockholm, Sweden. [Srinivasan, A.; Carey, R. B.; Weber, J. T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carmeli, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr, Div Epidemiol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Falagas, M. E.] Alfa Inst Biomed Sci, Athens, Greece. [Falagas, M. E.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Giske, C. G.] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Harbarth, S.] Univ Hosp Geneva, Infect Control Programme, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hindler, J. F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Kahlmeter, G.] Cent Hosp Vaxjo, Dept Clin Microbiol, Vaxjo, Sweden. [Olsson-Liljequist, B.] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Bacteriol, Solna, Sweden. [Paterson, D. L.] Univ Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Rice, L. B.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Stelling, J.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Vatopoulos, A.] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Athens, Greece. RP Magiorakos, AP (reprint author), ECDC, Tomtebodavagen 11A, SE-17183 Stockholm, Sweden. EM anna-pelagia.magiorakos@ecdc.europa.eu RI Paterson, David/A-9258-2010 FU Wyeth Pharmaceuticals; DaVolterra; BioMerieux; Destiny Pharma; Leo Pharmaceuticals; Merck; AstraZeneca; Novartis; Johnson Johnson FX Y. Carmeli reports being a consultant for various pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies. M. E. Falagas reports sitting on the advisory boards of Pfizer, Astellas, Bayer/Nectar pharmaceutical companies: Merck, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Cipla and Grunenthal. C. G. Giske has received consulting fees and speaker honoraria from Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. S. Harbarth has received consulting fees and speaker honoraria from DaVolterra, BioMerieux and Destiny Pharma. J. F. Hindler reports being a consultant for the Association of Public Health Laboratories, and a member of Forest Laboratories Microbiology Advisory Board. She has also received honoraria from: bioMerieux, Inc., BD Diagnostics and Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics. D. L. Paterson reports receiving consultancy fees from Leo Pharmaceuticals, Merck, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Johnson & Johnson and that his institution has received funds from Novartis. Louis B. Rice reports consulting agreements with Theradoc and with Tetrapase Pharmaceuticals and that he has received speaker honoraria from Pfizer in the last year. M. J. Struelens reports consultancies and advisory board participation in the last 3 years with Wyeth, Novartis and Biomerieux, and research and epidemiological survey grants to his previous institution from Pfizer, Novartis and Biomerieux. None of the authors have received any financial support for this work or has any affiliations associated with any conflicts of interest with this manuscript. NR 53 TC 1233 Z9 1324 U1 38 U2 163 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 268 EP 281 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 899SX UT WOS:000300837600018 PM 21793988 ER PT J AU Baur, X Sigsgaard, T Aasen, TB Burge, PS Heederik, D Henneberger, P Maestrelli, P Rooyackers, J Schlunssen, V Vandenplas, O Wilken, D AF Baur, X. Sigsgaard, T. Aasen, T. B. Burge, P. S. Heederik, D. Henneberger, P. Maestrelli, P. Rooyackers, J. Schlunssen, V. Vandenplas, O. Wilken, D. CA ERS Task Force Management Work-Rel TI Guidelines for the management of work-related asthma SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Diagnostics; occupational asthma; occupational exposure; prevention; risk factors; surveillance ID DIISOCYANATE-INDUCED ASTHMA; LABORATORY-ANIMAL ALLERGY; EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; DIAGNOSING OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ALLERGENS; PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW; NATURAL-RUBBER LATEX; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; WESTERN RED CEDAR AB Work-related asthma, which includes occupational asthma and work-aggravated asthma, has become one of the most prevalent occupational lung diseases. These guidelines aim to upgrade occupational health standards, contribute importantly to transnational legal harmonisation and reduce the high socio-economic burden caused by this disorder. A systematic literature search related to five key questions was performed: diagnostics; risk factors; outcome of management options; medical screening and surveillance; controlling exposure for primary prevention. Each of the 1,329 retrieved papers was reviewed by two experts, followed by Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network grading, and formulation of statements graded according to the Royal College of General Practitioners' three-star system. Recommendations were made on the basis of the evidence-based statements, which comprise the following major evidence-based strategic points. 1) A comprehensive diagnostic approach considering the individual specific aspects is recommended. 2) Early recognition and diagnosis is necessary for timely and appropriate preventative measures. 3) A stratified medical screening strategy and surveillance programme should be applied to at-risk workers. 4) Whenever possible, removing exposure to the causative agent should be achieved, as it leads to the best health outcome. If this is not possible, reduction is the second best option, whereas respirators are of limited value. 5) Exposure elimination should be the preferred primary prevention approach. C1 [Baur, X.; Wilken, D.] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Inst Occupat & Maritime Med, D-20459 Hamburg, Germany. [Sigsgaard, T.] Aarhus Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Med, Aarhus, Denmark. [Aasen, T. B.] Haukeland Hosp, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. [Burge, P. S.] Heart England NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Resp Med, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Heederik, D.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Environm Epidemiol Div, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Henneberger, P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Maestrelli, P.] Univ Padua, Dept Environm Med & Publ Hlth, Padua, Italy. [Rooyackers, J.] Netherlands Expertise Ctr Occupat Resp Disorders, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Vandenplas, O.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Mt Godinne Hosp, Dept Chest Med, Yvoir, Belgium. RP Baur, X (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Inst Occupat & Maritime Med, Seewartenstr 10, D-20459 Hamburg, Germany. EM baur@uke.de OI Sigsgaard, Torben/0000-0002-2043-7571 FU European Respiratory Society FX The work of the Task Force on the Management of Work-related Asthma was funded by the European Respiratory Society. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 178 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 7 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 3 BP 529 EP 545 DI 10.1183/09031936.00096111 PG 17 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 900JS UT WOS:000300883800007 PM 22379148 ER PT J AU Brooks, JT Matyas, BT Fontana, J DeGroot, MA Beuchat, LR Hoekstra, M Friedman, CR AF Brooks, John T. Matyas, Bela T. Fontana, John DeGroot, Mary Ann Beuchat, Larry R. Hoekstra, Michael Friedman, Cindy R. TI An Outbreak of Salmonella Serotype Typhimurium Infections with an Unusually Long Incubation Period SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DRINKING RAW-MILK; VIRULENCE GENES; UNITED-STATES; ENTERITIDIS; PLASMID; DISEASE; ASSOCIATION; CONSUMPTION; RESISTANT; FETUS AB A 1998 investigation of an outbreak of Salmonella serotype Typhimurium infections among children tasting unpasteurized milk during tours of a dairy farm demonstrated a distribution of unusually long incubation periods (median, 8 days; interquartile range [IQR], 6-14 days). Bacterial isolates were highly acid tolerant and contained genes associated with protection against destructive phagocytic reactive oxygen intermediates. We hypothesize that exposure to low-dose oral inoculum of a pathogen with these properties could have contributed to cases of non-typhoidal salmonellosis with the longest incubation period reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). C1 [Brooks, John T.; Friedman, Cindy R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoekstra, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Informat Management Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Matyas, Bela T.; Fontana, John] Massachusetts Dept Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [DeGroot, Mary Ann] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Beuchat, Larry R.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA USA. RP Brooks, JT (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zud4@cdc.gov FU U.S. Government FX We thank the following for their contribution to this investigations and manuscript: Alfred D. Maria, Michael McGuill, Joseph Peppe, Ferric Fang, Pat Kludt, Dan Hamlin, Emily Harvey, Shellie Kahane, and Debra Hall. Data were collected and analyzed as part of the routine duties of the Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch and the Epidemiology Program Office of the U.S. Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention and Department of Health and Human Services, which are supported by direct federal funding through the U.S. Government. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1089/fpd.2011.0992 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 901SK UT WOS:000300986900010 PM 22283668 ER PT J AU Guh, S Grosse, SD McAlister, S Kessler, CM Soucie, JM AF Guh, S. Grosse, S. D. McAlister, S. Kessler, C. M. Soucie, J. M. TI Healthcare expenditures for males with haemophilia and employer-sponsored insurance in the United States, 2008 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE claims data; cost of care; employer-sponsored insurance; haemophilia; inhibitor; MarketScan Commercial and Medicare databases ID FACTOR-VIII; INHIBITORS; COST; IMPACT; INFECTION; CHILDREN; HCV AB . Although hemophilia has a potentially high economic impact, published estimates of health care costs for Americans with hemophilia are sparse and non-specific as to the non-bleeding complications of the disease. The objective of this study is to estimate average annual health care expenditures for people with hemophilia covered by employer-sponsored insurance, stratified according to the influence of age, type of hemophilia [A (factor VIII deficiency) versus B (factor IX)], presence of neutralizing alloantibody inhibitors and exposure to blood-borne viral infections. Data from the MarketScan (R) Commercial and Medicare Research Databases were used for the period 2002-2008 to identify cases of hemophilia and to estimate mean and median medical expenditures during 2008. A total of 1,164 males with hemophilia were identified with continuous enrollment during 2008, 933 with hemophilia A and 231 with hemophilia B. Mean health care expenditures were $155,136 [median $73,548]. Mean costs for 30 (3%) males with an inhibitor were 5 times higher than for males without an inhibitor, approximately $697,000 [median $330,835] and $144,000 [median $73,321], respectively. Clotting factor concentrate accounted for 70%82% of total costs. Average costs for 207 adults with HCV or HIV infection were 1.5 times higher than those for adults without infection. Hemophilia treatment is costly, particularly for individuals with neutralizing alloantibody inhibitors who require bypassing agents. Efforts to understand the cause of inhibitors are needed so that prevention strategies can be implemented and the excess costs resulting from this serious complication of hemophilia care can be avoided. C1 [Guh, S.; Grosse, S. D.; McAlister, S.; Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, C. M.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Guh, S (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, 13055 E 17th Ave,Room 132, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM soyeon.guh@ucdenver.edu FU Octapharma; Baxter Immuno; Grifols; Pfizer; Bayer; Novo Nordisk FX All of the authors except for Dr. Kessler conducted this project as part of their jobs as employees of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC is an agency of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. The authors except for Dr. Kessler have no financial interest in this project. Dr. Kessler has received research funding (paid directly to his university with no salary set aside) from Octapharma, Baxter Immuno, Grifols, Pfizer, Bayer, and Novo Nordisk. He has received honoraria as a consultant on advisory boards for Octapharma, Baxter Immuno, Bayer, CSL Behring, Pfizer, and Novo Nordisk. SM is currently an employee of Biogen Idec. NR 14 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 268 EP 275 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2011.02692.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 897PL UT WOS:000300665000030 PM 22151000 ER PT J AU Guh, S Grosse, SD Mcalister, S Kessler, CM Soucie, JM AF Guh, S. Grosse, S. D. Mcalister, S. Kessler, C. M. Soucie, J. M. TI Health care expenditures for Medicaid-covered males with haemophilia in the United States, 2008 SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE claims data; cost of care; employer-sponsored insurance; health care utilization; inhibitor; Medicaid ID CHILDREN; MORTALITY AB . Although haemophilia is an expensive disorder, no studies have estimated health care costs for Americans with haemophilia enrolled in Medicaid as distinct from those with employer-sponsored insurance (ESI). The objective of this study is to provide information on health care utilization and expenditures for publicly insured people with haemophilia in the United States in comparison with people with haemophilia who have ESI. Data from the MarketScan (R) Medicaid Multi-State, Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases were used for the period 2004-2008 to identify cases of haemophilia and to estimate medical expenditures during 2008. A total of 511 Medicaid-enrolled males with haemophilia were identified, 435 of whom were enrolled in Medicaid for at least 11 months during 2008. Most people with haemophilia qualified for Medicaid based on disability. Average Medicaid expenditures in 2008 were $142,987 [median, $46,737], similar to findings for people with ESI. Average costs for males with haemophilia A and an inhibitor were 3.6 times higher than those for individuals without an inhibitor. Average costs for 56 adult Medicaid enrollees with HCV or HIV infection were not statistically different from those for adults without the infection, but median costs were 1.6 times higher for those treated for blood-borne infections. Haemophilia treatment can lead to high costs for payers. Further research is needed to understand the effects of public health insurance on haemophilia care and expenditures, to evaluate treatment strategies and to implement strategies that may improve outcomes and reduce costs of care. C1 [Guh, S.; Grosse, S. D.; Mcalister, S.; Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, C. M.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Guh, S (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, 13055 E 17th Ave,Room 132, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM soyeon.guh@ucdenver.edu FU Octapharma; Baxter Immuno; Grifols; Pfizer; Bayer; NovoNordisk FX SM is currently an employee of Biogen Idec. CMK receives research funding (paid directly to his university with his salary set aside) from Octapharma, Baxter Immuno, Grifols, Pfizer, Bayer and NovoNordisk. He has received honoraria as a consultant on advisory boards for Octapharma, Baxter Immuno, Bayer, CSL Behring, NovoNordisk and Pfizer. All other authors have declared no conflicting interests. NR 13 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 276 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2011.02713.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 897PL UT WOS:000300665000031 PM 22188641 ER PT J AU Akinbami, LJ Sullivan, SD Campbell, JD Grundmeier, RW Hartert, TV Lee, TA Smith, RA AF Akinbami, Lara J. Sullivan, Sean D. Campbell, Jonathan D. Grundmeier, Robert W. Hartert, Tina V. Lee, Todd A. Smith, Robert A. TI Asthma outcomes: Healthcare utilization and costs SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asthma hospital admissions; asthma emergency department visits; asthma outpatient visits; asthma medication use; asthma intervention resource use; asthma study perspective ID INNER-CITY CHILDREN; QUALITY-OF-CARE; TO-TREAT ASTHMA; ACTIVITY IMPAIRMENT; WORK PRODUCTIVITY; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; TIME; INTERVENTION; MOTION; IMPACT AB Background: Measures of healthcare utilization and indirect impact of asthma morbidity are used to assess clinical interventions and estimate cost. Objective: National Institutes of Health institutes and other federal agencies convened an expert group to propose standardized measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of healthcare utilization and cost outcomes in future asthma studies. Methods: We used comprehensive literature reviews and expert opinion to compile a list of asthma healthcare utilization outcomes that we classified as core (required in future studies), supplemental (used according to study aims and standardized), and emerging (requiring validation and standardization). We also have identified methodology to assign cost to these outcomes. This work was discussed at an National Institutes of Health-organized workshop in March 2010 and finalized in September 2011. Results: We identified 3 ways to promote comparability across clinical trials for measures of healthcare utilization, resource use, and cost: (1) specify the study perspective (patient, clinician, payer, and society); (2) standardize the measurement period (ideally 12 months); and (3) use standard units to measure healthcare utilization and other asthma-related events. Conclusions: Large clinical trials and observational studies should collect and report detailed information on healthcare utilization, intervention resources, and indirect impact of asthma, so that costs can be calculated and cost-effectiveness analyses can be conducted across several studies. Additional research is needed to develop standard, validated survey instruments for collection of provider-reported and participant-reported data regarding asthma-related health care. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129: S49-64.) C1 [Smith, Robert A.] NHLBI, DLD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Sullivan, Sean D.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Campbell, Jonathan D.] Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Grundmeier, Robert W.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Hartert, Tina V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Lee, Todd A.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. RP Smith, RA (reprint author), NHLBI, DLD, NIH, 6701 Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM smithra3@nhlbi.nih.gov RI Campbell, Jonathan/C-1279-2015 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Merck Childhood Asthma Network; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; US Environmental Protection Agency; Merck; AHRQ; NIH; MCHB FX The Asthma Outcomes work shop was funded by contributions from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; and the Merck Childhood Asthma Network, as well as by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Contributions from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; and the US Environmental Protection Agency funded the publication of this article and all other articles in this supplement.; Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: S. D. Sullivan has received research support from Merck. J. D. Campbell is a consultant for VeriTech Corp and has received research support from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. R. W. Grundmeier has received research support from AHRQ, the NIH, and MCHB. T. V. Hartert has received research support from the NIH and AHRQ; is an Associate Editor for the ATS; and is a consultant for Merck. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 67 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 129 IS 3 SU S BP S49 EP S64 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.984 PG 16 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 901OL UT WOS:000300976600005 PM 22386509 ER PT J AU Ayala, C Tong, X Keenan, NL AF Ayala, Carma Tong, Xin Keenan, Nora L. TI Regular Use of a Home Blood Pressure Monitor by Hypertensive Adults-HealthStyles, 2005 and 2008 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CARDIOVASCULAR NURSES ASSOCIATION; SELF-REPORTED HYPERTENSION; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; JOINT SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE RISK; PREVALENCE; CARE; MANAGEMENT AB The authors analyzed HealthStyles surveys 2005 and 2008 combined to assess the prevalence of regular home blood pressure monitor (HBPM) use among hypertensive adults. All data were self-reported. The authors calculated odds ratios (ORs) of regular HBPM use and relative percent change (RPC) in the use of HBPM between the 2 survey years. There were 3739 (32.6%) hypertensives in the 2 survey years combined. Based on the self-reported data, the proportion of hypertensives who regularly used an HBPM was 43.2%. Male sex, age, race / ethnicity, household income, and education were all associated with differences in the prevalence of regular HBPM use. Patients 65 years and older (OR, 2.38; 95% confidence interval [ CI], 1.493.81) were significantly more likely to be regular HBPM users than those 18 to 34 years. Non-Hispanic blacks were significantly less likely (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.86) to be regular HBPM users than non-Hispanic whites. From 2005 to 2008, the RPC in regular HBPM use was 14.2% (from 40.1% to 45.8%); the largest RPCs were for the 3 youngest age groups, men, non-Hispanic blacks, and those with a household income of $ 40,000 to 59,900. Because HBPM has been demonstrated to aid in hypertension control, health care professionals should promote its use especially among hypertensives who are younger, nonHispanic blacks, Hispanics, or with a lower income. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012; 14: 172-177. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Ayala, Carma; Tong, Xin; Keenan, Nora L.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ayala, C (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cia1@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1524-6175 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 3 BP 172 EP 177 DI 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00582.x PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 899QJ UT WOS:000300830900007 PM 22372777 ER PT J AU Funkhouser, WK Lubin, IM Monzon, FA Zehnbauer, BA Evans, JP Ogino, S Nowak, JA AF Funkhouser, William K., Jr. Lubin, Ira M. Monzon, Federico A. Zehnbauer, Barbara A. Evans, James P. Ogino, Shuji Nowak, Jan A. TI Relevance, Pathogenesis, and Testing Algorithm for Mismatch Repair-Defective Colorectal Carcinomas A Report of the Association for Molecular Pathology SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID ISLAND METHYLATOR PHENOTYPE; SPORADIC COLON-CANCER; REVISED BETHESDA GUIDELINES; POPULATION-BASED SAMPLE; TUMOR MICROSATELLITE-INSTABILITY; FRAMESHIFT-INDUCED NEOPEPTIDES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; MLH1 PROMOTER METHYLATION; HNPCC MUTATION CARRIERS; BRAF V600E MUTATION AB Loss-of-function defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), which manifest as high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI), occur in approximately 15% of all colorectal carcinomas (CRCs). This molecular subset of CRC characterizes patients with better stage-specific prognoses who experience no benefit from 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Most MMR-deficient (dMMR) CRCs are sporadic, but 15% to 20% are due to inherited predisposition (Lynch syndrome). High penetrance of CRCs in germline MMR gene mutation carriers emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis of Lynch syndrome carriers. Family-based (Amsterdam), patient/family-based (Bethesda), morphology-based, microsatellite-based, and IHC-based screening,criteria do not individually detect all germline mutation carriers. These limitations support the use of multiple concurrent tests and the screening of all patients with newly diagnosed CRC. This approach is resource intensive but would increase detection of inherited and de novo germline mutations to guide family screening. Although CRC prognosis and prediction of 5-fluorouracil response arc: similar in both the Lynch and sporadic dMMR subgroups, these subgroups differ significantly with regard to the implications for family members. We recommend that new CRCs should be classified into sporadic MMR-proficient, sporadic dMMR, or Lynch dMMR subgroups. The concurrent use of MSI testing, MMR protein IHC, and BRAF c.1799T>A mutation analysis would detect almost all dMMR CRCs, would classify 94% of all new CRCs into these MMR subgroups, and would guide secondary molecular testing of the remainder. (J moL Diagn, 2012, 14:91-103; DOI:10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.11.001) C1 [Funkhouser, William K., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Funkhouser, William K., Jr.; Lubin, Ira M.; Monzon, Federico A.] Univ N Carolina, Mismatch Repair Defect CRC Working Grp, Assoc Mol Pathol Clin Practice Comm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Evans, James P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lubin, Ira M.; Zehnbauer, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Atlanta, GA USA. [Monzon, Federico A.] Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ogino, Shuji] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ogino, Shuji] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ogino, Shuji] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Canc Epidemiol Pmgram, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ogino, Shuji] Harvard Canc Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Nowak, Jan A.] Northshore Univ HealthSyst, Evanston, IL USA. RP Funkhouser, WK (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, CB 7525,Brinkhous Bullitt Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM bill_funkhouser@med.unc.edu NR 130 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 BP 91 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.11.001 PG 13 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 901ZF UT WOS:000301007700001 PM 22260991 ER PT J AU Golubchik, T Brueggemann, AB Street, T Gertz, RE Spencer, CCA Ho, T Giannoulatou, E Link-Gelles, R Harding, RM Beall, B Peto, TEA Moore, MR Donnelly, P Crook, DW Bowden, R AF Golubchik, Tanya Brueggemann, Angela B. Street, Teresa Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Spencer, Chris C. A. Ho, Thien Giannoulatou, Eleni Link-Gelles, Ruth Harding, Rosalind M. Beall, Bernard Peto, Tim E. A. Moore, Matthew R. Donnelly, Peter Crook, Derrick W. Bowden, Rory TI Pneumococcal genome sequencing tracks a vaccine escape variant formed through a multi-fragment recombination event SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE 19A; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; DISEASE; CHILDREN; TRANSFORMATION; REPLACEMENT; PREVENTION AB Streptococcus pneumoniae ('pneumococcus') causes an estimated 14.5 million cases of serious disease and 826,000 deaths annually in children under 5 years of age(1). The highly effective introduction of the PCV7 pneumococcal vaccine in 2000 in the United States(2,3) provided an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the response of an important pathogen to widespread, vaccine-induced selective pressure. Here, we use array-based sequencing of 62 isolates from a US national monitoring program to study five independent instances of vaccine escape recombination(4), showing the simultaneous transfer of multiple and often large (up to at least 44 kb) DNA fragments. We show that one such new strain quickly became established, spreading from east to west across the United States. These observations clarify the roles of recombination and selection in the population genomics of pneumococcus and provide proof of principle of the considerable value of combining genomic and epidemiological information in the surveillance and enhanced understanding of infectious diseases. C1 [Golubchik, Tanya; Street, Teresa; Ho, Thien; Donnelly, Peter; Bowden, Rory] Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. [Brueggemann, Angela B.; Harding, Rosalind M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. [Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Link-Gelles, Ruth; Beall, Bernard; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Spencer, Chris C. A.; Giannoulatou, Eleni; Donnelly, Peter; Bowden, Rory] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. [Peto, Tim E. A.; Crook, Derrick W.; Bowden, Rory] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. RP Donnelly, P (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England. EM peter.donnelly@well.ox.ac.uk RI Ho, Thien/A-7209-2012; OI Ho, Thien/0000-0003-0914-306X; Brueggemann, Angela/0000-0002-2329-1934; Giannoulatou, Eleni/0000-0002-7084-6736 FU Wellcome Trust [079126/Z/06/Z, 090532/Z/09/Z]; UK National Health Service (NHS) National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre; NIHR; Wolfson Royal Society; NHS NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre; UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) (MRC UK) [G0800778]; UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) (Wellcome Trust) [087646/2/08/Z] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the clinicians, microbiologists and investigators of the ABCs program of the Emerging Infections Program Network. We thank X. Didelot for contributions to the analysis of Illumina genomic data. This work was funded by the Wellcome Trust (079126/Z/06/Z). T. E. A. P. and D. W. C. are funded by the UK National Health Service (NHS) National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and NIHR Senior Investigator Awards. P. D. is funded by a Wellcome Trust Core Award Grant (090532/Z/09/Z) and is supported, in part, by a Wolfson Royal Society Merit Award. R. B. is supported by the NHS NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) (MRC UK G0800778 and Wellcome Trust 087646/2/08/Z). A. B. B. is a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellow (083511/Z/07/Z). Genetic and epidemiological data are available from the authors. NR 27 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 44 IS 3 BP 352 EP U168 DI 10.1038/ng.1072 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 899VC UT WOS:000300843600026 PM 22286217 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW AF Chesson, Harrell W. TI Sexonomics: A Commentary and Review of Selected Sexually Transmitted Disease Studies in the Economics Literature SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Review ID PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT LAWS; LEGALIZED ABORTION; UNITED-STATES; TIME PREFERENCE; CO-AUTHORSHIP; TEEN CHILDBEARING; DISCOUNT RATES; SAN-FRANCISCO; EXPOSURE LAWS; CRIMINAL HIV AB Background: The purpose of this review is to highlight selected studies in the economics literature that address sexually transmitted disease (STD)-related topics that are typically not examined in the STD literature. Methods: Two databases (EconLit and Web of Science) were searched to locate STD-related articles in the economics journals. Relevant articles were also identified in other ways, such as informal discussions with colleagues familiar with the literature. To maintain a focus on unique STD-related topics, studies with topics common in the STD literature (e.g., cost-effectiveness, transmission modeling) were excluded. Results: Selected STD-related studies in the economics literature were grouped into the following 8 topics: impact of abortion laws and policies on sexual health outcomes; same-sex marriage and syphilis rates; alcohol policy and STD rates; welfare laws and STD rates; discounting the future; HIV disclosure laws; the impact of tolerance for gays on HIV incidence; and economic versus epidemiologic models of. HIV dynamics. Conclusions: A general theme of STD-related studies in the economics literature is that laws and policies that increased the "cost" of risky sex tended to reduce the demand for risky sex, and therefore reduce the incidence of STDs. Economic research can contribute in novel ways to our understanding of influences on risky sexual behavior at the individual level and STD incidence at the population level. Economists and STD experts could mutually benefit from increased collaboration. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), CDC Mailstop E-80,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hbc7@cdc.gov NR 74 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 3 BP 161 EP 166 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182389a11 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900VS UT WOS:000300920400001 PM 22337100 ER PT J AU Castro, AR Binks, DD Raymer, DL Kikkert, SE Jost, HA Park, MM Card, BD Cox, DL AF Castro, Arnold R. Binks, David D. Raymer, Danny L. Kikkert, Susan E. Jost, Heather A. Park, Mahin M. Card, Benjamin D. Cox, David L. TI Evaluation of a Digital Flocculation Reader for the Rapid Plasma Reagin Test for the Serological Diagnosis of Syphilis SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CARD TEST AB We described the ASiManager-AT digital flocculation reader to demonstrate concordance between visual and digital readings of the rapid plasma reagin test for detection of antibodies in the serum of patients with syphilis. A qualitative and quantitative rapid plasma reagin was performed on each serum samples giving a concordance of 98.6% and 99.7%, respectively, for reactives and 100% for nonreactives. C1 [Castro, Arnold R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Binks, David D.; Raymer, Danny L.; Card, Benjamin D.] Arlington Sci Inc, Springville, UT USA. [Park, Mahin M.] Georgia Publ Hlth Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Castro, AR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, NCHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acastro@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Arlington Scientific, Inc FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the form of allowing the principal investigator and CDC coauthors to devote time and effort in testing and evaluating the ASiManager-AT digital flocculation reader instrument. Arlington Scientific, Inc funded the developmental phase of the final commercial instrument. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 3 BP 223 EP 225 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182389ab9 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900VS UT WOS:000300920400011 PM 22337110 ER PT J AU Voetsch, AC Lansky, A Drake, AJ MacKellar, D Bingham, TA Oster, AM Sullivan, PS AF Voetsch, Andrew C. Lansky, Amy Drake, Amy J. MacKellar, Duncan Bingham, Trista A. Oster, Alexandra M. Sullivan, Patrick S. TI Comparison of Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics of Men Who Have Sex With Men by Enrollment Venue Type in the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RISK; PREVENTION; US AB Background: During 2003-2005, the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) enrolled men who have sex with men (MSM) from 12 different venue types in 15 metropolitan areas in the United States. Our goal was to examine whether limiting NHBS enrollment venues to gay bars and dance clubs could increase efficiency without changing the overall results and conclusions. Methods: We used logistic regression analysis to compare the demographic characteristics and reported HIV risk behaviors among MSM enrolled in gay bars and dance clubs with those enrolled in sex venues and those enrolled in other venues. Results: Of the 11,471 eligible men included in the analysis, 6419 (56%) were enrolled at bars and clubs, 481 (4%) at sex venues; and 4571 (40%) at other venues. Compared with men enrolled at bars and clubs, men enrolled at sex venues were more likely to be older, of nonwhite race/ethnicity, bisexual, infrequent gay venue attendees, and to have 10 or more male sex partners in the past 12 months. Men enrolled at other venues were more likely to be older and less likely to use noninjecting drugs in the past 12 months. The absolute differences in these characteristics between men enrolled in bars and clubs and those enrolled in comparison venue categories were small in most instances. Conclusions: Although the differences in characteristics by venue category were not large in magnitude, there was evidence that restricting NHBS enrollment to bars and clubs would affect national estimates of behavioral risk factors among MSM. C1 [Voetsch, Andrew C.; Lansky, Amy; Drake, Amy J.; MacKellar, Duncan; Oster, Alexandra M.; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bingham, Trista A.] Dept Publ Hlth, HIV Epidemiol Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Voetsch, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E46,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM avoetsch@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 3 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31823d2b24 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900VS UT WOS:000300920400013 PM 22337112 ER PT J AU Satterwhite, CL Weinstock, H AF Satterwhite, Catherine Lindsey Weinstock, Hillard TI Response to Stable Chlamydia Prevalence Does Not Exclude Increasing Burden of Disease SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; WOMEN C1 [Satterwhite, Catherine Lindsey] Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Satterwhite, CL (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 39 IS 3 BP 239 EP 240 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 900VS UT WOS:000300920400018 ER PT J AU Ross, CL de Nie, KL Dannenberg, AL Beck, LF Marcus, MJ Barringer, J AF Ross, Catherine L. de Nie, Karen Leone Dannenberg, Andrew L. Beck, Laurie F. Marcus, Michelle J. Barringer, Jason TI Health Impact Assessment of the Atlanta BeltLine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; NEIGHBORHOOD; COMMUNITY; SENSE; ENVIRONMENT; POPULATION; PREVENTION; AGENDA AB Background: Although a health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool that can provide decision makers with recommendations to promote positive health impacts and mitigate adverse health impacts of proposed projects and policies, it is not routinely conducted on most major projects or policies. Purpose: To make health a decision criterion for the Atlanta BeltLine, a multibillion-dollar transit, trails, parks, and redevelopment project. Methods: An HIA was conducted in 2005-2007 to anticipate and influence the BeltLine's effect on health determinants. Results: Changes in access and equity, environmental quality, safety, social capital, and physical activity were forecast, and steps to maximize health benefits and reduce negative effects were recommended. Key recommendations included giving priority to the construction of trails and greenspace rather than residential and retail construction, making health an explicit goal in project priority setting, adding a public health professional to decision-making boards, increasing the connectivity between the BeltLine and civic spaces, and ensuring that affordable housing is built. BeltLine project decision makers have incorporated most of the HIA recommendations into the planning process. The HIA was cited in the awarding of additional funds of $7,000,000 for brownfield clean-up and greenspace development. The project is expected to promote the health of local residents more than in the absence of the HIA. Conclusions: This report is one of the first HIAs to tie specific assessment findings to specific recommendations and to identifiable impacts from those recommendations. The lessons learned from this project may help others engaged in similar efforts. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):203-213) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ross, Catherine L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Architecture, Ctr Qual Growth & Reg Dev, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. [Dannenberg, Andrew L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beck, Laurie F.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Nie, Karen Leone] Fed Reserve Bank Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ross, CL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Architecture, Ctr Qual Growth & Reg Dev, 760 Spring St,Suite 213, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. EM catherine.ross@coa.gatech.edu FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to the Georgia Institute of Technology Center for Quality Growth and Regional Development. The authors appreciate the assistance received in preparing the BeltLine HIA report from Saskia Benjamin, Jessica Harbour Doyle, Mine Hashas, and Dave Pierce from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Center for Quality Growth and Regional Development; Susan Hobson, Mary E. O'Neil, Bianca R. Perri, Candace Rutt, Sheryl Lyss, and April Vance from the CDC; and the Fulton County (GA) Department of Health and Wellness. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.019 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600005 PM 22341156 ER PT J AU Escoffery, CT Kegler, MC Glanz, K Graham, TD Blake, SC Shapiro, JA Mullen, PD Fernandez, ME AF Escoffery, Cam T. Kegler, Michelle C. Glanz, Karen Graham, Tracie D. Blake, Sarah C. Shapiro, Jean A. Mullen, Patricia D. Fernandez, Maria E. TI Recruitment for the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLIENT-DIRECTED INTERVENTIONS; HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS; COLORECTAL CANCERS; PROVIDER ATTITUDES; IMPLEMENTATION; HEALTH; MAMMOGRAPHY AB Background: To reduce disparities in breast and cervical cancer in the U. S., it is essential that programs such as CDC's National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) use evidence-based strategies. Recommendations for interventions to increase breast and cervical cancer screening have been disseminated by national public health organizations. To increase screening, cancer control planners would benefit from use of evidence-based strategies for recruitment of participants in their communities. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to inventory recruitment activities for cancer screening within NBCCEDP programs and assess if activities used to increase cancer screening are evidence-based. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 61 recruitment coordinators in 2008 to elicit their recruitment activities, use of evidence-based resources, and barriers to using evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Study data were analyzed in 2009. Results: Of the 340 activities reported, many were categorized as educational materials, one-on-one education, mass media, group education, and special events. Two thirds of inventoried activities matched an EBI. Coordinators reported that colleagues and the CDC are their primary sources of information about EBIs and few coordinators had used evidence-based resources. Lack of money or funding, questionable applicability to priority populations, limited staffing or staff time, and insufficient evidence-based research were the most important barriers to EBI use. Conclusions: Although the majority of NBCCEDP recruitment activities were evidence-based, one third were not. Additional training and technical assistance are recommended to help public health agencies adopt the use of these strategies. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):235-241) (C) 2012 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Shapiro, Jean A.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blake, Sarah C.] CDC, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Escoffery, Cam T.; Kegler, Michelle C.] CDC, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mullen, Patricia D.; Fernandez, Maria E.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. RP Escoffery, CT (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,5th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM cescoff@emory.edu RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 FU CDC [U 48 DP000043, SIP 1-06] FX This work was supported by the CDC (U 48 DP000043, SIP 1-06). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. We thank our other CPCRN advisory committee members: Roshan Bastani, Daniel Blumenthal, Jeffrey Harris, Matthew Kreuter, Glorian Sorensen, Victoria Taylor, and Kathi Wilson. We also thank Faye Wong, Felicia Solomon, and Georgina Castro for their review of this paper and the NBCCEDP Recruitment Coordinators for their participation. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 235 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.001 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600009 PM 22341160 ER PT J AU Riley, WJ Lownik, EM Scutchfield, FD Mays, GP Corso, LC Beitsch, LM AF Riley, William J. Lownik, Elizabeth M. Scutchfield, F. Douglas Mays, Glen P. Corso, Liza C. Beitsch, Les M. TI Public Health Department Accreditation Setting the Research Agenda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; CARE AB Health department accreditation is one of the most important initiatives in the field of public health today. The Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB) is establishing a voluntary accreditation system for more than 3000 state, tribal, territorial, and local health departments using domains, standards, and measures with which to evaluate public health department performance. In addition, public health department accreditation has a focus on continuous quality improvement to enhance capacity and performance of health departments in order to advance the health of the population. In the accreditation effort, a practice-based research agenda is essential to build the scientific base and advance public health department accreditation as well as health department effectiveness. This paper provides an overview of public health accreditation and identifies the research questions raised by this accreditation initiative, including how the research agenda will contribute to better understanding of processes underlying the delivery of services by public health departments and how voluntary accreditation may help improve performance of public health departments. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):263-271) (C) 2012 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Riley, William J.; Lownik, Elizabeth M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Riley, William J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Div Hlth Policy & Management, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Scutchfield, F. Douglas; Mays, Glen P.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Prevent Med & Environm Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. [Corso, Liza C.] CDC, Div Publ Hlth Performance Improvement, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beitsch, Les M.] Florida State Univ, Coll Med, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Riley, WJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, 420 Delaware St SE,MMC 729, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM riley001@umn.edu RI Scutchfield, F. Douglas/F-9959-2013 FU CDC; RWJF FX The authors acknowledge the work of the members of the Public Health Accreditation Board and all those who participated in the Research and Evaluation Committee. They also acknowledge the CDC and RWJF for their financial and logistic support to the work of the PHAB. They especially acknowledge Pamela Russo, MPH, for her careful review and comments.; WJR, FDS, and LMB are all members of the Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB). GPM is on the Research and Evaluation Committee of the PHAB. LCC represents CDC as a funding partner in accreditation activities and also participates with the Research and Evaluation Committee. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.021 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600012 PM 22341163 ER PT J AU Chin, HB Sipe, TA Elder, R Mercer, SL Chattopadhyay, SK Jacob, V Wethington, HR Kirby, D Elliston, DB Griffith, M Chuke, SO Briss, SC Ericksen, I Galbraith, JS Herbst, JH Johnson, RL Kraft, JM Noar, SM Romero, LM Santelli, J AF Chin, Helen B. Sipe, Theresa Ann Elder, Randy Mercer, Shawna L. Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Jacob, Verughese Wethington, Holly R. Kirby, Doug Elliston, Donna B. Griffith, Matt Chuke, Stella O. Briss, Susan C. Ericksen, Irene Galbraith, Jennifer S. Herbst, Jeffrey H. Johnson, Robert L. Kraft, Joan M. Noar, Seth M. Romero, Lisa M. Santelli, John CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI The Effectiveness of Group-Based Comprehensive Risk-Reduction and Abstinence Education Interventions to Prevent or Reduce the Risk of Adolescent Pregnancy, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Sexually Transmitted Infections Two Systematic Reviews for the Guide to Community Preventive Services SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; HIV-INFECTION; TEEN PREGNANCY; SEX-EDUCATION; ONLY INTERVENTION; YOUNG-ADOLESCENTS; UNPROTECTED SEX AB Context: Adolescent pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major public health problems in the U. S. Implementing group-based interventions that address the sexual behavior of adolescents may reduce the incidence of pregnancy, HIV, and other STIs in this group. Evidence acquisition: Methods for conducting systematic reviews from the Guide to Community Preventive Services were used to synthesize scientific evidence on the effectiveness of two strategies for group-based behavioral interventions for adolescents: (1) comprehensive risk reduction and (2) abstinence education on preventing pregnancy, HIV, and other STIs. Effectiveness of these interventions was determined by reductions in sexual risk behaviors, pregnancy, HIV, and other STIs and increases in protective sexual behaviors. The literature search identified 6579 citations for comprehensive risk reduction and abstinence education. Of these, 66 studies of comprehensive risk reduction and 23 studies of abstinence education assessed the effects of group-based interventions that address the sexual behavior of adolescents, and were included in the respective reviews. Evidence synthesis: Meta-analyses were conducted for each strategy on the seven key outcomes identified by the coordination team-current sexual activity; frequency of sexual activity; number of sex partners; frequency of unprotected sexual activity; use of protection (condoms and/or hormonal contraception); pregnancy; and STIs. The results of these meta-analyses for comprehensive risk reduction showed favorable effects for all of the outcomes reviewed. For abstinence education, the meta-analysis showed a small number of studies, with inconsistent findings across studies that varied by study design and follow-up time, leading to considerable uncertainty around effect estimates. Conclusions: Based on these findings, group-based comprehensive risk reduction was found to be an effective strategy to reduce adolescent pregnancy, HIV, and STIs. No conclusions could be drawn on the effectiveness of group-based abstinence education. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):272-294) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Chin, Helen B.; Sipe, Theresa Ann; Elder, Randy; Mercer, Shawna L.; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Jacob, Verughese] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wethington, Holly R.] CDC, Obes Prevent & Control Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kraft, Joan M.] CDC, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Romero, Lisa M.] CDC, Res Applicat Branch, Div Adolescent Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Griffith, Matt] CDC, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Galbraith, Jennifer S.; Herbst, Jeffrey H.] Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ericksen, Irene] Inst Res & Evaluat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Johnson, Robert L.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Noar, Seth M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Commun, Lexington, KY USA. [Santelli, John] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Heilbrunn Dept Populat & Family Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Sipe, TA (reprint author), CDC, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TSipe@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012; Sipe, Theresa/C-2262-2012; OI Chin, Helen/0000-0001-5090-6909 NR 138 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 9 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 272 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.006 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600013 PM 22341164 ER PT J AU Sipe, TA Chin, HB Elder, R Mercer, SL Chattopadhyay, SK Jacob, V AF Sipe, Theresa Ann Chin, Helen B. Elder, Randy Mercer, Shawna L. Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Jacob, Verughese CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Methods for Conducting Community Guide Systematic Reviews of Evidence on Effectiveness and Economic Efficiency of Group-Based Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Pregnancy, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Comprehensive Risk Reduction and Abstinence Education SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; UNITED-STATES; HIV-INFECTION; METAANALYSIS; SEX; SERVICES; MEN AB This paper describes methods used to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses and economic reviews of group-based behavioral interventions for adolescents to prevent pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections. The steps described include developing a conceptual approach, defining the interventions, identifying outcome and moderator variables, searching the literature, abstracting the data, and analyzing the results. In addition, identification of potential harms and benefits, applicability of results, barriers to implementation, and research gaps are described. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):295-303) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Sipe, Theresa Ann; Chin, Helen B.; Elder, Randy; Mercer, Shawna L.; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Jacob, Verughese; Community Preventive Serv Task] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sipe, TA (reprint author), CDC, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TSipe@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012; Sipe, Theresa/C-2262-2012 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.002 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600014 PM 22341165 ER PT J AU Sipe, TA AF Sipe, Theresa Ann CA Community Preventive Serv TI Recommendations for Group-Based Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adolescent Pregnancy, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Comprehensive Risk Reduction and Abstinence Education SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; HARMS; HEALTH; CRASHES; CANCER; SALES AB The Community Preventive Services Task Force (Task Force) recommends group-based comprehensive risk reduction delivered to adolescents to promote behaviors that prevent or reduce the risk of pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The recommendation is based on sufficient evidence of effectiveness in: reducing a number of self-reported risk behaviors, including engagement in any sexual activity, frequency of sexual activity, number of sex partners, and frequency of unprotected sexual activity; increasing the self-reported use of protection against pregnancy and STIs; and reducing the incidence of self-reported or clinically documented STIs. Direct evidence of effectiveness for reducing pregnancy and HIV is, however, limited. The Task Force finds insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of group-based abstinence education delivered to adolescents to prevent pregnancy, HIV, and other STIs. Evidence was considered insufficient because of inconsistent results across studies. C1 [Sipe, Theresa Ann] CDC, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sipe, TA (reprint author), CDC, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TSipe@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 304 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.003 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600015 ER PT J AU Burrus, B Leeks, KD Sipe, TA Dolina, S Soler, R Elder, R Barrios, L Greenspan, A Fishbein, D Lindegren, ML Achrekar, A Dittus, P AF Burrus, Barri Leeks, Kimberly D. Sipe, Theresa Ann Dolina, Suzanne Soler, Robin Elder, Randy Barrios, Lisa Greenspan, Arlene Fishbein, Dan Lindegren, Mary Lou Achrekar, Angeli Dittus, Patricia CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Person-to-Person Interventions Targeted to Parents and Other Caregivers to Improve Adolescent Health A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; PROGRAM; REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT AB Context: Adolescence marks a time when many young people engage in risky behaviors with potential implications for long-term health. Interventions focused on adolescents' parents and other caregivers have the potential to affect adolescents across a variety of risk and health-outcome areas. Evidence acquisition: Community Guide methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver-targeted interventions in addressing adolescent risk and protective behaviors and health outcomes. Sixteen studies published during the search period (1966-2007) met review requirements and were included in this review. Evidence synthesis: Effectiveness was assessed based on changes in whether or not adolescents engaged in specified risk and protective behaviors; frequency of risk and protective behaviors, and health outcomes, also informed the results. Results from qualifying studies provided sufficient evidence that interventions delivered person-to-person (i.e., through some form of direct contact rather than through other forms of contact such as Internet or paper) and designed to modify parenting skills by targeting parents and other caregivers are effective in improving adolescent health. Conclusions: Interventions delivered to parents and other caregivers affect a cross-cutting array of adolescent risk and protective behaviors to yield improvements in adolescent health. Analysis from this review forms the basis of the recommendation by the Community Preventive Services Task Force presented elsewhere in this issue. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):316-326) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Elder, Randy] CDC, Guide Community Prevent Serv, Community Guide Branch,Div Hlth Commun & Mkt, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt,Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barrios, Lisa; Dittus, Patricia] CDC, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Promot Adolescent & Sch Hlt, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Greenspan, Arlene] CDC, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fishbein, Dan; Lindegren, Mary Lou] CDC, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Achrekar, Angeli] CDC, Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burrus, Barri; Leeks, Kimberly D.; Dolina, Suzanne] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Elder, R (reprint author), CDC, Guide Community Prevent Serv, Community Guide Branch,Div Hlth Commun & Mkt, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt,Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfe3@cdc.gov RI Sipe, Theresa/C-2262-2012 FU CDC's Adolescent Health Trailblazing Team; Adolescent Health Goal Team FX The authors acknowledge the CDC's Adolescent Health Trailblazing Team and Adolescent Health Goal Team for their initial conceptualization of this review and their support over the review process. The authors also acknowledge Kate W. Harris from the Community Guide Publications team for her efforts supporting all phases of manuscript preparation. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 316 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.12.001 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600019 PM 22341170 ER PT J AU Elder, RW AF Elder, Randy W. CA Community Preventive Serv TI Improving Adolescent Health Through Interventions Targeted to Parents and Other Caregivers A Recommendation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES AB The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends person-to-person interventions intended to modify adolescents' risk and protective behaviors by improving their caregivers' parenting skills, on the basis of sufficient evidence of effectiveness in reducing adolescent risk behaviors. These interventions, conducted face-to-face or by telephone, occur outside of clinical settings. (Am J Prev Med 2012;42(3):327-328) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Elder, Randy W.] CDC, Guide Commu Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Elder, RW (reprint author), CDC, Guide Commu Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfe3@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 327 EP 328 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897CI UT WOS:000300618600020 ER PT J AU Cavallari, JM Osborn, LV Snawder, JE Kriech, AJ Olsen, LD Herrick, RF McClean, MD AF Cavallari, Jennifer M. Osborn, Linda V. Snawder, John E. Kriech, Anthony J. Olsen, Larry D. Herrick, Robert F. McClean, Michael D. TI Predictors of Dermal Exposures to Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds Among Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving Workers SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE asphalt; dermal exposure; diesel; polycyclic aromatic compounds; total organic matter ID URINARY METABOLITES; CANCER MORTALITY; ROAD PAVERS; HYDROCARBONS; BITUMEN; INHALATION; FUMES AB The primary objective of this study was to identify the source and work practices that affect dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) among hot-mix asphalt (HMA) paving workers. Four workers were recruited from each of three asphalt paving crews (12 workers) and were monitored for three consecutive days over 4 weeks for a total of 12 sampling days per worker (144 worker days). Two sampling weeks were conducted under standard conditions for dermal exposures. The third week included the substitution of biodiesel for diesel oil used to clean tools and equipment and the fourth week included dermal protection through the use of gloves, hat and neck cloth, clean pants, and long-sleeved shirts. Dermal exposure to PACs was quantified using two methods: a passive organic dermal (POD) sampler specifically developed for this study and a sunflower oil hand wash technique. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate predictors of PAC exposures. Dermal exposures measured under all conditions via POD and hand wash were low with most samples for each analyte being below the limit of the detection with the exception of phenanthrene and pyrene. The geometric mean (GM) concentrations of phenanthrene were 0.69 ng cm(-2) on the polypropylene layer of the POD sampler and 1.37 ng cm(-2) in the hand wash sample. The GM concentrations of pyrene were 0.30 ng cm(-2) on the polypropylene layer of the POD sampler and 0.29 ng cm(-2) in the hand wash sample. Both the biodiesel substitution and dermal protection scenarios were effective in reducing dermal exposures. Based on the results of multivariate linear mixed-effects models, increasing frequency of glove use was associated with significant (P < 0.0001) reductions for hand wash and POD phenanthrene and pyrene concentrations; percent reductions ranged from 40 to 90%. Similar reductions in hand wash concentrations of phenanthrene (P = 0.01) and pyrene (P = 0.003) were observed when biodiesel was substituted for diesel oil as a cleaning agent, although reductions were not significant for the POD sampler data. Although task was not a predictor of dermal exposure, job site characteristics such as HMA application temperature, asphalt grade, and asphalt application rate (tons per hour) were found to significantly affect exposure. Predictive models suggest that the combined effect of substituting biodiesel for diesel oil as a cleaning agent, frequent glove use, and reducing the HMA application temperature from 149 degrees C (300 degrees F) to 127 degrees C (260 degrees F) may reduce dermal exposures by 76-86%, varying by analyte and assessment method. Promising strategies for reducing dermal exposure to PACs among asphalt paving workers include requiring the use of dermal coverage (e.g. wearing gloves and/or long sleeves), substituting biodiesel for diesel oil as a cleaning agent, and decreasing the HMA application temperature. C1 [Cavallari, Jennifer M.; Herrick, Robert F.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Osborn, Linda V.; Kriech, Anthony J.] Heritage Res Grp, Indianapolis, IN 46231 USA. [Snawder, John E.; Olsen, Larry D.] NIOSH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [McClean, Michael D.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02218 USA. RP Cavallari, JM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM cavallaj@hsph.harvard.edu RI McClean, Michael/J-2934-2015; OI McClean, Michael/0000-0002-3902-8823 FU National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA); State Asphalt Pavement Association (SAPA) FX National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA); State Asphalt Pavement Association (SAPA). NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 125 EP 137 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer108 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 895IK UT WOS:000300489500001 PM 22156568 ER PT J AU Cavallari, JM Osborn, LV Snawder, JE Kriech, AJ Olsen, LD Herrick, RF Mcclean, MD AF Cavallari, Jennifer M. Osborn, Linda V. Snawder, John E. Kriech, Anthony J. Olsen, Larry D. Herrick, Robert F. Mcclean, Michael D. TI Predictors of Airborne Exposures to Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Total Organic Matter among Hot-Mix Asphalt Paving Workers and Influence of Work Conditions and Practices SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE airborne exposure; asphalt; diesel; polycyclic aromatic compounds; total organic matter ID DERMAL EXPOSURE; ROAD PAVERS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; URINARY METABOLITES; HYDROCARBONS; BITUMEN; FUMES; INHALATION; EXHAUST AB We evaluated personal airborne exposures to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and total organic matter (TOM) among hot-mix asphalt (HMA) paving workers. The primary objectives of this study were to identify predictors of airborne PAC exposures, identify PAC exposure sources, and characterize how work practices may affect personal airborne exposure to PACs. Four workers were recruited from each of three asphalt paving crews (12 workers) and were monitored for three consecutive days over 4 weeks for a total of 12 sampling days per worker (144 worker-days). Three sampling weeks were conducted while maintaining standard working conditions with regard to airborne exposures. The fourth week included the substitution of biodiesel for diesel oil used to clean tools and equipment. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate predictors of airborne exposures including weather parameters (air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity), worksite conditions (HMA application temperature, work rate, asphalt grade, and biodiesel use), and personal factors (minutes sampled, minutes of downtime, and smoking status). Concentrations of the 33 individual PACs measured in personal air samples were generally below detection limits under all conditions with the exception of fluorene [geometric mean (GM) = 65 ng m(-3)], naphthalene (GM = 833 ng m(-3)), phenanthrene (GM = 385 ng m(-3)), and pyrene (GM = 57 ng m(-3)). The summary measures of TOM (GM = 864 mu g m(-3)) and four- to six-ring PAC (GM = 0.13 mu g m(-3)) were detected in the majority of air samples. Although task was not a predictor of airborne exposures, job site characteristics such as HMA application temperature were found to significantly (P < 0.001) affect summary and individual PAC exposures. Based on the results of multivariate linear mixed-effects models, substituting biodiesel for diesel oil as a cleaning agent was associated with significant (P < 0.01) reductions in TOM, four- to six-ring PACs, and naphthalene and pyrene concentrations that ranged from 31 to 56%. Using multivariate linear mixed-effects models under standard conditions, reducing the application temperature of HMA from 149 degrees C (300 degrees F) to 127 degrees C (260 degrees F) could be expected to reduce airborne exposures by 42-82%, varying by analyte. Promising strategies for reducing airborne exposures to PACs among HMA paving workers include substituting biodiesel for diesel oil as a cleaning agent and decreasing the HMA application temperature. C1 [Cavallari, Jennifer M.; Herrick, Robert F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Osborn, Linda V.; Kriech, Anthony J.] Heritage Res Grp, Indianapolis, IN 46231 USA. [Snawder, John E.; Olsen, Larry D.] NIOSH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mcclean, Michael D.] Boston Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02218 USA. RP Cavallari, JM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM cavallaj@hsph.harvard.edu RI McClean, Michael/J-2934-2015; OI McClean, Michael/0000-0002-3902-8823 FU National Asphalt Pavement Association; State Asphalt Pavement Association FX National Asphalt Pavement Association; State Asphalt Pavement Association. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 138 EP 147 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer088 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 895IK UT WOS:000300489500002 PM 22025530 ER PT J AU Yau, JWY Rogers, SL Kawasaki, R Lamoureux, EL Kowalski, JW Bek, T Chen, SJ Dekker, JM Fletcher, A Grauslund, J Haffner, S Hamman, RF Ikram, MK Kayama, T Klein, BEK Klein, R Krishnaiah, S Mayurasakorn, K O'Hare, JP Orchard, TJ Porta, M Rema, M Roy, MS Sharma, T Shaw, J Taylor, H Tielsch, JM Varma, R Wang, JJ Wang, NL West, S Xu, L Yasuda, M Zhang, XZ Mitchell, P Wong, TY AF Yau, Joanne W. Y. Rogers, Sophie L. Kawasaki, Ryo Lamoureux, Ecosse L. Kowalski, Jonathan W. Bek, Toke Chen, Shih-Jen Dekker, Jacqueline M. Fletcher, Astrid Grauslund, Jakob Haffner, Steven Hamman, Richard F. Ikram, M. Kamran Kayama, Takamasa Klein, Barbara E. K. Klein, Ronald Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni Mayurasakorn, Korapat O'Hare, Joseph P. Orchard, Trevor J. Porta, Massimo Rema, Mohan Roy, Monique S. Sharma, Tarun Shaw, Jonathan Taylor, Hugh Tielsch, James M. Varma, Rohit Wang, Jie Jin Wang, Ningli West, Sheila Xu, Liang Yasuda, Miho Zhang, Xinzhi Mitchell, Paul Wong, Tien Y. CA Meta-Anal Eye Dis META-EYE Study TI Global Prevalence and Major Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID NON-HISPANIC WHITES; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; VISUAL-IMPAIRMENT; POPULATION; PROGRESSION; EYE; DIAGNOSIS AB OBJECTIVE-To examine the global prevalence and major risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) among people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A pooled analysis using individual participant data from population-based studies around the world was performed. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify all population-based studies in general populations or individuals with diabetes who had ascertained DR from retinal photographs. Studies provided data for DR end points, including any DR, proliferative DR, diabetic macular edema, and VTDR, and also major systemic risk factors. Pooled prevalence estimates were directly age-standardized to the 2010 World Diabetes Population aged 20-79 years. RESULTS-A total of 35 studies (1980-2008) provided data from 22,896 individuals with diabetes. The overall prevalence was 34.6% (95% CI 34.5-34.8) for any DR, 6.96% (6.87-7.04) for proliferative DR, 6.81% (6.74-6.89) for diabetic macular edema, and 10.2% (10.1-10.3) for VTDR. All DR prevalence end points increased with diabetes duration, hemoglobin Air, and blood pressure levels and were higher in people with type 1 compared with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS-There are approximately 93 million people with DR, 17 million with proliferative DR, 21 million with diabetic macular edema, and 28 million with VTDR worldwide. Longer diabetes duration and poorer glycemic and blood pressure control are strongly associated with DR. These data highlight the substantial worldwide public health burden of DR and the importance of modifiable risk factors in its occurrence. This study is limited by data pooled from studies at different time points, with different methodologies and population characteristics. C1 [Yau, Joanne W. Y.; Rogers, Sophie L.; Kawasaki, Ryo; Lamoureux, Ecosse L.; Wong, Tien Y.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Lamoureux, Ecosse L.; Wong, Tien Y.] Singapore Natl Eye Ctr, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore. [Kowalski, Jonathan W.] Allergan Pharmaceut Inc, Global Hlth Outcomes Strategy & Res, Irvine, CA USA. [Bek, Toke] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Chen, Shih-Jen] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Taipei Vet Gen Hosp, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Dekker, Jacqueline M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Dekker, Jacqueline M.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, EMGO Inst Hlth & Care Res, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Fletcher, Astrid] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. [Grauslund, Jakob] Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Hamman, Richard F.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Ikram, M. Kamran] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ikram, M. Kamran] Erasmus MC, Dept Ophthalmol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Kayama, Takamasa] Yamagata Univ, Fac Med, Natl Canc Ctr, Dept Neurosurg,Adv Mol Epidemiol Res Inst, Yamagata 990, Japan. [Klein, Barbara E. K.; Klein, Ronald] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Krishnaiah, Sannapaneni] LV Prasad Eye Inst, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Mayurasakorn, Korapat] Samutsakhon Gen Hosp, Dept Social Med, Samutsakhon, Thailand. [O'Hare, Joseph P.] Univ Warwick, Clin Sci Res Inst, Warwick Med Sch, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Orchard, Trevor J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Porta, Massimo] Univ Turin, Dept Internal Med, Turin, Italy. [Rema, Mohan] Madras Diabet Res Fdn, Dept Ophthalmol, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Roy, Monique S.] Univ New Jersey, Inst Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Newark, NJ USA. [Sharma, Tarun] Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Serv, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Shaw, Jonathan] Baker IDI Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Taylor, Hugh] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Tielsch, James M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Varma, Rohit] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Doheny Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Wang, Jie Jin; Mitchell, Paul] Univ Sydney, Ctr Vis Res, Westmead Millennium Inst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [West, Sheila] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Xu, Liang] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yasuda, Miho] Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Dept Ophthalmol, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Zhang, Xinzhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, Tien Y.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Singapore 117595, Singapore. RP Wong, TY (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. EM ophwty@nus.edu.sg RI Porta, Massimo/G-6146-2011; Bruno, Graziella/E-9673-2012; Shaw, Jonathan/E-7388-2010; Cheng, Ching-Yu/K-7017-2013; You, Qisheng/A-3619-2014; Grauslund, Jakob/J-1031-2014; Wang, Jie Jin/P-1499-2014; Mitchell, Paul/P-1498-2014; Rahu, Mati/A-9981-2008; OI Porta, Massimo/0000-0002-3407-6017; Klein, Ronald/0000-0002-4428-6237; Taylor, Hugh/0000-0002-9437-784X; Ikram, Mohammad Kamran/0000-0003-0173-9571; Shaw, Jonathan/0000-0002-6187-2203; Cheng, Ching-Yu/0000-0003-0655-885X; You, Qisheng/0000-0003-0743-7320; Wang, Jie Jin/0000-0001-9491-4898; orchard, trevor/0000-0001-9552-3215; Tielsch, James/0000-0002-1151-060X; Young, Ian/0000-0003-3890-3152 FU Global Health Outcomes Research, Allergan, Inc. (Irvine, CA); National Institutes of Health [EY-06594]; Research to Prevent Blindness, New York; Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Hyderabad, India; Christoffel-Blindenmission, Bensheim, Germany; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan; Australian National Health & Medical Research Council; National Eye Institute [R01-EY-09860]; Samutsakhon General Hospital FX Funding for the data pooling analysis was provided by Global Health Outcomes Research, Allergan, Inc. (Irvine, CA). The National Institutes of Health grant EY-06594 (to B.E.K.K., R.Kle.) and, in part, by the Research to Prevent Blindness (to B.E.K.K., R.Kle., Senior Scientific Investigator Awards), New York, New York, provided funding for the entire study, including collection and analyses and of data.; Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study: Supported by grants from the Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Hyderabad, India and Christoffel-Blindenmission, Bensheim, Germany. Funagata Study: Supported by Grant-in-Aid Global COE program of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan. Blue Mountains Eye Study: Supported by grants from the Australian National Health & Medical Research Council. New Jersey 725 Study: Supported by grant R01-EY-09860 from the National Eye Institute. Samutsakon Study: Supported by grants provided by the Samutsakhon General Hospital. Rotterdam Study Ophthalmology: Swart van Essen, Rotterdam; Blindenpenning, Amsterdam; Blindenhulp, The Hague; Algemene Nederlandse Vereniging ter Voorkoming van Blindheid (ANVVB), Doom; Stichting Oogfonds Nederland, Utrecht; Stichting Lijf en Leven, Krimpen aan de Lek; Rotterdamse Vereniging Blndenbelangen, Rotterdam; MD Fonds, Utrecht; Oogfonds Nederland, Utrecht; Lameris Ootech BV, Nieuwegein; Medical Workshop, de Meem; Topcon Europe BV, Capelle aan de Ijssel, all in the Netherlands. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. NR 37 TC 490 Z9 515 U1 8 U2 84 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 556 EP 564 DI 10.2337/dc11-1909 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 899FI UT WOS:000300801400021 PM 22301125 ER PT J AU Mihalik, SJ Michaliszyn, SF de las Heras, J Bacha, F Lee, S Chace, DH DeJesus, VR Vockley, J Arslanian, SA AF Mihalik, Stephanie J. Michaliszyn, Sara F. de las Heras, Javier Bacha, Fida Lee, SoJung Chace, Donald H. DeJesus, Victor R. Vockley, Jerry Arslanian, Silva A. TI Metabolomic Profiling of Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Metabolism in Youth With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Evidence for enhanced mitochondrial oxidation SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BODY-COMPOSITION; SENSITIVITY; PUBERTY; PROTEIN; PLASMA AB OBJECTIVE-We compared acylcarnitine (AcylCN) species, common amino acid and fat oxidation (FOX) byproducts, and plasma amino acids in normal weight (NW; n = 39), obese (OB; n = 64), and type 2 diabetic (n = 17) adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Fasting plasma was analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry, body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography, and total-body lipolysis and substrate oxidation by [H-2(5)] glycerol and indirect calorimetry, respectively. In vivo insulin sensitivity (IS) was assessed with a 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. RESULTS-Long-chain AcylCNs (C18:2-CN to C14:0-CN) were similar among the three groups. Medium-to short-chain AcylCNs (except C8 and C10) were significantly lower in type 2 diabetes compared with NW, and when compared with OB, C2-, C6-, and C10-CN were lower. Amino acid concentrations were lower in type 2 diabetes compared with NW. Fasting lipolysis and FOX were higher in OB and type 2 diabetes compared with NW, and the negative association of FOX to C10:1 disappeared after controlling for adiposity, Tanner stage, and sex. IS was lower in OB and type 2 diabetes with positive associations between IS and arginine, histidine, and serine after adjusting for adiposity, Tanner stage, and sex. CONCLUSIONS-These metabolomics results, together with the increased rates of in vivo FOX, are not supportive of defective fatty acid or amino acid metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes in youth. Such observations are consistent with early adaptive metabolic plasticity in youth, which over time with continued obesity and aging may become dysfunctional, as observed in adults. Diabetes Care 35:605-611,2012 C1 [Michaliszyn, Sara F.; de las Heras, Javier; Bacha, Fida; Lee, SoJung; Arslanian, Silva A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Weight Management, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Mihalik, Stephanie J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [de las Heras, Javier] Hosp Cruces, Dept Pediat Metab, Baracaldo, Spain. [Bacha, Fida; Arslanian, Silva A.] Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Pediat Endocrinol Metab & Diabet Mellitus, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Chace, Donald H.] Pediatrix Med Grp, Sunrise, FL USA. [DeJesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newbom Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vockley, Jerry] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Pediat & Human Genet,Childrens Hosp Pittsbur, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Arslanian, SA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Div Weight Management, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM silva.arslanian@chp.edu RI de las Heras, Javier/G-6864-2013; OI Vockley, Jerry/0000-0002-8180-6457; DE LAS HERAS MONTERO, JAVIER ADOLFO/0000-0001-5663-537X FU Richard L. Day Endowed Chair; Department of Defense; American Diabetes Association [7-08-JF-27]; Thrasher Research Fund; National Institutes of Health [ROI DK-78775, UL1 RR024153 CTSA]; [R01 HD-27503]; [K24 HD-01357] FX This study was supported by grants R01 HD-27503 (S.A.A.) and K24 HD-01357 (S.A.A.), the Richard L. Day Endowed Chair (S.A.A.), the Department of Defense (S.A.A., S.J.L., and F.B.), American Diabetes Association Grant 7-08-JF-27 (S.J.L.), the Thrasher Research Fund (F.B.), and National Institutes of Health grants ROI DK-78775 (J.V.) and UL1 RR024153 CTSA (previously M01_RR-00084). NR 36 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 38 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 605 EP 611 DI 10.2337/dc11-1577 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 899FI UT WOS:000300801400029 PM 22266733 ER PT J AU Rupprecht, CE Damon, I Slate, D AF Rupprecht, Charles E. Damon, Inger Slate, Dennis TI Request for pictures of rabies vaccine bait respond SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Rupprecht, Charles E.; Damon, Inger] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Slate, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Concord, NH USA. RP Rupprecht, CE (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 240 IS 5 BP 514 EP 514 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 897LO UT WOS:000300652400023 ER PT J AU Markham, CM Tortolero, SR Peskin, MF Shegog, R Thiel, M Baumler, ER Addy, RC Escobar-Chaves, SL Reininger, B Robin, L AF Markham, Christine M. Tortolero, Susan R. Peskin, Melissa Fleschler Shegog, Ross Thiel, Melanie Baumler, Elizabeth R. Addy, Robert C. Escobar-Chaves, Soledad Liliana Reininger, Belinda Robin, Leah TI Sexual Risk Avoidance and Sexual Risk Reduction Interventions for Middle School Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Sexual behavior; Intervention studies; Health education; Educational technology; Pregnancy; Sexually transmitted infection; Urban populations ID ABSTINENCE-ONLY INTERVENTION; TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; ADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIORS; PROGRAMS; QUESTIONNAIRES; EDUCATION AB Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of two, theory-based, multimedia, middle school sexual education programs in delaying sexual initiation. Methods: Three-armed, randomized controlled trial comprising 15 urban middle schools; 1,258 predominantly African American and Hispanic seventh grade students followed into ninth grade. Both programs included group and individualized, computer-based activities addressing psychosocial variables. The risk avoidance (RA) program met federal abstinence education guidelines; the risk reduction (RR) program emphasized abstinence and included computer-based condom skills-training. The primary outcome assessed program impact on delayed sexual initiation; secondary outcomes assessed other sexual behaviors and psychosocial outcomes. Results: Participants were 59.8% females (mean age: 12.6 years). Relative to controls, the RR program delayed any type of sexual initiation (oral, vaginal, or anal sex) in the overall sample (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]:.65, 95% CI:.54-.77), among females (AOR:.43, 95% CI:.31-.60), and among African Americans (AOR:.38, 95% CI:.18-.79). RR students also reduced unprotected sex at last intercourse (AOR:.67, 95% CI:.47-.96), frequency of anal sex in the past 3 months (AOR:.53, 95% CI:.33-.84), and unprotected vaginal sex (AOR:.59, 95% CI:.36-.95). The RA program delayed any sexual initiation among Hispanics (AOR:.40, 95% CI:.19-.86), reduced unprotected sex at last intercourse (AOR:.70, 95% CI:.52-.93), but increased the number of recent vaginal sex partners (AOR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.01-2.82). Both programs positively affected psychosocial outcomes. Conclusions: The RR program positively affected sexually inexperienced and experienced youth, whereas the RA program delayed initiation among Hispanics and had mixed effects among sexually experienced youth. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Markham, Christine M.; Tortolero, Susan R.; Peskin, Melissa Fleschler; Shegog, Ross; Thiel, Melanie; Baumler, Elizabeth R.; Addy, Robert C.; Escobar-Chaves, Soledad Liliana; Reininger, Belinda] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX USA. [Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Markham, CM (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Univ Texas Prevent Res Ctr, 7000 Fannin St,Suite 2616, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Christine.Markham@uth.tmc.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000057, U48/DP000057, 5U48DP000057] NR 37 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 279 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.07.010 PG 10 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 897AK UT WOS:000300612800011 PM 22325134 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Saraiya, M Miyamoto, J Berkowitz, Z AF Jones, Sherry Everett Saraiya, Mona Miyamoto, Justin Berkowitz, Zahava TI Trends in Sunscreen Use Among US High School Students: 1999-2009 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Students; Sunscreen; Adolescents; High school; Skin cancer ID RATES AB Purpose: To examine trends in sunscreen use during 1999-2009 among U. S. high school students. Methods: Data from the 1999-2009 national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys were analyzed. The surveys used a three-stage cluster sample design to produce nationally representative samples of students in grades 9-12 attending public and private schools. Student participation in the survey was anonymous and voluntary. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire during a regular class period. The overall response rates ranged from 63% to 72%. Results: During 1999-2009, the percentage of white students who never or rarely wore sunscreen when outside on a sunny day for >1 hour increased (from 57.5% to 69.4%), as did the percentage among Hispanic students (from 71.6% to 77.9%). This increase was most pronounced among white female students. The percentage of white and Hispanic students who most of the time or always wore sunscreen decreased during this same period. Rates of sunscreen use did not change among black students. Conclusions: Because of declines in sunscreen use, professionals in clinical, school, and community settings should emphasize the important role sunscreen may play in preventing skin cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Saraiya, Mona; Miyamoto, Justin; Berkowitz, Zahava] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 304 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.04.024 PG 4 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 897AK UT WOS:000300612800014 PM 22325137 ER PT J AU Miyamoto, J Berkowitz, Z Jones, SE Saraiya, M AF Miyamoto, Justin Berkowitz, Zahava Jones, Sherry Everett Saraiya, Mona TI Indoor Tanning Device Use Among Male High School Students in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent; Cancer prevention; Indoor tanning; Pediatric; Skin cancer; Young adult; Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) ID HEALTH AB Purpose: Indoor tanning is a risk factor for developing melanoma. Although in 2009, 6.7% of male high school students reported using an indoor tanning device, compared with 25.4% of female students (Eaton DK, Kann L, Kinchen S, et al, MMWR Surveill Summ 2010; 59: 1-142), it is also less well characterized in male than in female adolescents. Methods: The associations between appearance-related and other health-related behaviors with indoor tanning device use were examined among male high school students in the United States, using the 2009 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Results: Adjusted analysis of cross-sectional data showed that indoor tanning device use was positively associated with ever having taken steroids without a doctor's prescription, unhealthy weight control practices, binge drinking, eating fruits and vegetables five or more times per day, playing on at least one sports team, and attempted suicide. Conclusions: Understanding the relationship between indoor tanning device use and appearance-related and other health-related behaviors is useful in designing risk reduction interventions for skin cancer prevention. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Miyamoto, Justin; Berkowitz, Zahava; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jones, Sherry Everett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yzs2@cdc.gov FU External Medical Affairs, Pfizer, Inc. FX J.M. completed this project during his 1-year fellowship the CDC Experience, a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the CDC Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer, Inc. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 308 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.08.007 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 897AK UT WOS:000300612800015 PM 22325138 ER PT J AU Delea, K AF Delea, Kristin TI Evaluating Local and State Food and Water Safety Programs SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Delea, K (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gqi7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 74 IS 7 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 897LR UT WOS:000300652700006 PM 22428321 ER PT J AU Desai, R Curns, AT Patel, MM Parashar, UD AF Desai, Rishi Curns, Aaron T. Patel, Manish M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Trends in Intussusception-Associated Deaths among US Infants from 1979-2007 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ROTAVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS; PEDIATRIC INTUSSUSCEPTION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CHILDREN; VACCINE; SAFETY; HOSPITALIZATIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS; PENTAVALENT AB Objective We examined data from 1979-2007 to generate up-to-date baseline estimates of rotavirus intussusception mortality in US infants, to inform policy deliberations of the risks and benefits of vaccination. Study design Secular trends in the infant intussusception mortality rate were evaluated using national multiple cause-of-death and natality data from 1979-2007. Linked birth/infant death data from 1998-2006 were examined to identify risk factors for intussusception deaths. Results After declining from 1979-1996, the average annual intussusception mortality rate stabilized from 19972007 at 2.1 per 1 million live births (range, 1.0-3.0). In multivariate analysis, significant variables associated with intussusception deaths included no prenatal care (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.9-15.4) and birth order (>= 3rd) (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4-4.4 [reference: birth order (1st)]). Conclusions Given the annual variation in intussusceptions mortality and low baseline rates, if a low vaccine-associated risk of death from intussusception exists in the United States, it would be difficult to assess using intussusception mortality trend data alone. Factors associated with intussusception mortality risk may be related to delayed or reduced health care access. (J Pediatr 2012; 160:456-60). C1 [Desai, Rishi; Curns, Aaron T.; Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 160 IS 3 BP 456 EP 460 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.08.012 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 897AT UT WOS:000300613700023 PM 21925681 ER PT J AU O'Leary, ST Crane, LA Wortley, P Daley, MF Hurley, LP Dong, F Stokley, S Babbel, CI Seewald, L Gahm, C Dickinson, LM Kempe, A AF O'Leary, Sean T. Crane, Lori A. Wortley, Pascale Daley, Matthew F. Hurley, Laura P. Dong, Fran Stokley, Shannon Babbel, Christine I. Seewald, Laura Gahm, Claire Dickinson, L. Miriam Kempe, Allison TI Adherence to Expanded Influenza Immunization Recommendations among Primary Care Providers SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS; SYSTEM SENTINEL SITES; 6 MONTHS-18 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; PRACTICES ACIP; CHILDREN AB Objective To assess practices regarding the expanded Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for influenza vaccination in children among US pediatricians and family medicine physicians (FMs) and strategies to promote vaccination. Study design We administered a survey between July and October 2009 to 416 pediatricians and 424 FMs from nationally representative networks. Results The response rate was 75% (79% pediatricians, 70% FMs). FMs were less likely than pediatricians to report adherence to ACIP recommendations (35% vs 65%; adjusted risk ratio [RR], 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50-0.72). Most physicians (89% pediatricians and 89% FMs) reported using posters or pamphlets to encourage influenza vaccination, and 57% pediatricians and 41% FMs reported offering after hours dedicated influenza vaccination clinics. Only 23% pediatricians and 14% FMs reported providing written, telephone, or e-mail reminders to all children. Having dedicated influenza vaccination clinics after hours or weekends was associated with routine vaccination of all children (adjusted RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.15-1.57). Conclusion In the first year of the expanded ACIP recommendations to immunize all eligible children against influenza, two-thirds of pediatricians and one-half of FMs reported adherence, although less than one-quarter were actively engaging in reminder/recall efforts. Practices that adhered to the ACIP recommendations were more likely to put a substantial effort into promoting vaccination opportunities. (J Pediatr 2012;160:480-6). C1 [O'Leary, Sean T.; Daley, Matthew F.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Dong, Fran; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Crane, Lori A.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [O'Leary, Sean T.; Crane, Lori A.; Daley, Matthew F.; Babbel, Christine I.; Seewald, Laura; Gahm, Claire; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Wortley, Pascale; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. RP O'Leary, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Mail Stop F443,13199 E Montview Blvd,Suite 300, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM sean.oleary@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC [MM-1040-08/08] FX Funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Potential Extramural Project (Grant MM-1040-08/08) through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 160 IS 3 BP 480 EP U174 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.09.010 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 897AT UT WOS:000300613700027 PM 22019072 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Gidding, SS AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Gidding, Samuel S. TI Fasting non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein particle size Reply SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gidding, Samuel S.] Alfred I duPont Hosp Children, Nemours Cardiac Ctr, Wilmington, DE USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 160 IS 3 BP 532 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.11.053 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 897AT UT WOS:000300613700047 ER PT J AU Park, S Sherry, B Wethington, H Pan, LP AF Park, Sohyun Sherry, Bettylou Wethington, Holly Pan, Liping TI Use of parks or playgrounds: reported access to drinking water fountains among US adults, 2009 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE access; drinking water; parks; playgrounds; public facilities; water fountains ID SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; SOFT DRINK; KIDNEY-DISEASE; RISK-FACTOR; CONSUMPTION; HEALTH; OBESITY; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; NUTRITION AB As a first step to determining the public availability of drinking water, self-reported access to water fountains in parks and playgrounds was examined. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a convenience sample of 4163 US adults (aged epsilon 18 years) using the 2009 HealthStyles Survey. The outcome measure was reported access to water fountains in parks/playgrounds. Among those who reported using parks/playgrounds, multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between sociodemographic variables and reported access to water fountains. About half (54.7) of participants used parks/playgrounds. Among those, 55.0 reported access to water fountains. Factors significantly associated with reported access to water fountains were being male [odds ratio (OR) 1.42; 95 confidence interval (CI) 1.09, 1.85] and living in the Pacific region (versus East North Central region, OR 2.56; 95 CI 1.61, 4.06). Age, race/ethnicity, household income, marital status, education, smoking and physical activity were not significantly associated with reported access to water fountains. Among 54.7 of adults using parks/playgrounds, reported access to water fountains was significantly differed by sex and region. This study provides information that can be considered when developing interventions to increase access to drinking water in public facilities. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Sherry, Bettylou; Wethington, Holly; Pan, Liping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K26,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1741-3842 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH-UK JI J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1093/pubmed/fdr047 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 898FN UT WOS:000300722700012 PM 21669941 ER PT J AU Cilloniz, C Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Ni, C Carter, VS Korth, MJ Swayne, DE Tumpey, TM Katze, MG AF Cilloniz, Cristian Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Ni, Chester Carter, Victoria S. Korth, Marcus J. Swayne, David E. Tumpey, Terrence M. Katze, Michael G. TI Molecular Signatures Associated with Mx1-Mediated Resistance to Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanisms of Survival SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE PROTECTS MICE; A VIRUS; NS1 PROTEIN; APOPTOSIS; MX; RNA; INTERFERON; PATHWAY; CELLS; INHIBITION AB Understanding the role of host factors during lethal influenza virus infection is critical to deciphering the events that determine the fate of the host. One such factor is encoded by the Mx1 gene, which confers resistance to influenza virus infection. Here, we compared pathology and global gene expression profiles in lung tissue from BALB/c (Mx1(-)) and BALB.A2G-Mx1 mice (Mx1(+/+)) infected with the fully reconstructed 1918 pandemic influenza virus. Mx1(+/+) mice showed less tissue damage than Mx(-) animals, and pathology and mortality were further reduced by treating the mice with interferon prior to infection. Using global transcriptional profiling, we identified distinct molecular signatures associated with partial protection, complete protection, and the contribution of interferon to the host response. In the absence of interferon treatment, partial protection was characterized by the generation of an acute response with the upregulation of genes associated with apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and cell migration. Complete protection was characterized by the downregulation of cytokine and chemokine genes previously associated with influenza virus pathogenesis. The contribution of interferon treatment to total protection in virus-infected Mx1(+/+) mice was characterized by the altered regulation of cell cycle genes. These genes were upregulated in Mx1(+/+) mice treated with interferon but downregulated in the absence of interferon treatment. Our results suggest that Mx1(+/+) mice generate a protective antiviral response by controlling the expression of key modulator molecules associated with influenza virus lethality. C1 [Cilloniz, Cristian; Carter, Victoria S.; Korth, Marcus J.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Ni, Chester] Benaroya Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Katze, MG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM honey@u.washington.edu FU Public Health Service, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [P01AI058113] FX This study was funded in part by Public Health Service grant P01AI058113 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 86 IS 5 BP 2437 EP 2446 DI 10.1128/JVI.06156-11 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 896AC UT WOS:000300536800005 PM 22190720 ER PT J AU Sabatino, SA Thompson, TD Richardson, LC Miller, J AF Sabatino, Susan A. Thompson, Trevor D. Richardson, Lisa C. Miller, Jacqueline TI Health Insurance and Other Factors Associated With Mammography Surveillance Among Breast Cancer Survivors Results From a National Survey SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE mammography; breast cancer; survivors; insurance; health; health care disparities ID SCREENING PRACTICES; AMERICAN-SOCIETY; INTERVIEW SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; CARE; WOMEN; OUTCOMES; DISPARITIES; RECURRENCE; GUIDELINES AB Background: Whether disparities in mammography surveillance among breast cancer survivors exist by health insurance type is unclear. Objectives: To determine the association of surveillance mammography with insurance and other factors among breast cancer survivors. Design/Participants/Measures: We examined mammography within the prior year among 1511 breast cancer survivors aged 30 or older and >= 1 year after diagnosis from the 2000, 2003, 2005, and 2008 National Health Interview Surveys. Insurance included private (health maintenance organization/independent practice association, other, unspecified), Medicare + private, public only (Medicare + Medicaid, other Medicare, other public), and uninsured. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with mammography, including age, race/ethnicity, education, time since diagnosis, health status, insurance, income to poverty threshold ratios, having a usual provider, and survey year. Results are presented as predictive margins. For insurance, pairwise comparisons were used to compare Medicare + private versus other groups. Results: Overall 75% reported a mammogram. Mammography reporting was lower for uninsured survivors and those with only public insurance versus Medicare + private or private (50% and 68% vs. 76% and 80%, respectively; P = 0.001). In each insurance group, 20% to 50% reported not receiving a mammogram. After adjustment, use remained lower for women with only public insurance versus Medicare + private (71% vs. 78%, P = 0.029). Age of at least 75 years, greater time since diagnosis, and no usual provider were associated with not reporting a mammogram. Conclusions: One in 4 breast cancer survivors did not report guideline-concordant mammography surveillance. Women with only public insurance were less likely than those with Medicare + private coverage to report a mammogram. Efforts to understand barriers and promote mammography among survivors are needed. C1 [Sabatino, Susan A.; Thompson, Trevor D.; Richardson, Lisa C.; Miller, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sabatino, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Mailstop K-55,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SSabatino@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAR PY 2012 VL 50 IS 3 BP 270 EP 276 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e318244d294 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896YF UT WOS:000300606600013 PM 22193416 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Lovegrove, MC Shehab, N AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Lovegrove, Maribeth C. Shehab, Nadine TI Emergency Hospitalizations for Adverse Drug Events REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.; Lovegrove, Maribeth C.; Shehab, Nadine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 9 BP 859 EP 860 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 900GI UT WOS:000300874300022 ER PT J AU Mehta, NR Julian, PJ Meek, JI Sosa, LE Bilinski, A Hariri, S Markowitz, LE Hadler, JL Niccolai, LM AF Mehta, Niti R. Julian, Pamela J. Meek, James I. Sosa, Lynn E. Bilinski, Alyssa Hariri, Susan Markowitz, Lauri E. Hadler, James L. Niccolai, Linda M. TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination History Among Women With Precancerous Cervical Lesions Disparities and Barriers SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FEMALE COLLEGE-STUDENTS; UNITED-STATES; CANCER; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination history among women aged 18-27 years with precancerous cervical lesions diagnosed, barriers to vaccination, and timing of vaccination in relation to the abnormal cytology result that preceded the diagnosis of the cervical lesion. METHODS: High-grade cervical lesions are reportable conditions in Connecticut for public health surveillance. Telephone interviews and medical record reviews were conducted during 2008-2010 for women (n=269) identified through the surveillance registry. RESULTS: Overall, 43% of women reported history of one or more doses of HPV vaccine. The mean age at vaccination was 22 years. Publicly insured (77%) and uninsured (85%) women were more likely than privately insured women (48%) to report no history of vaccination (P<.05). Among unvaccinated women, being unaware of HPV vaccine was reported significantly more often among Hispanics than non-Hispanics (31% compared with 13%, P=.02) and among those with public or no insurance compared with those with private insurance (26% and 36% compared with 6%, P<.05 for both). The most commonly reported barrier was lack of provider recommendation (25%). Not having talked to a provider about vaccine was reported significantly more often among those with public compared with private insurance (41% compared with 18%, P<.001). Approximately 35% of women received vaccine after an abnormal cytology result; this occurred more frequently among African American women compared with white women (80% compared with 30%, P<.01). CONCLUSION: Catch-up vaccination strategies should focus on provider efforts to increase timely coverage among low-income and minority women. (Obstet Gynecol 2012;119:575-81) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182460d9f C1 [Niccolai, Linda M.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Niccolai, LM (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 60 Coll St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM linda.niccolai@yale.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [CIU01000307] FX Supported by Cooperative Agreement CIU01000307 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 119 IS 3 BP 575 EP 581 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182460d9f PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 897GY UT WOS:000300637400013 PM 22353956 ER PT J AU Billeter, SA Hayman, DTS Peel, AJ Baker, K Wood, JLN Cunningham, A Suu-Ire, R Dittmar, K Kosoy, MY AF Billeter, S. A. Hayman, D. T. S. Peel, A. J. Baker, K. Wood, J. L. N. Cunningham, A. Suu-Ire, R. Dittmar, K. Kosoy, M. Y. TI Bartonella species in bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) from western Africa SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Cyclopodia bat fly; Eidolon helvum; bat; Africa; PCR; culture ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION; SPP.; DEER; SCHOENBUCHENSIS; HIPPOBOSCIDAE; SEQUENCES; ACARI; FLEA; USA AB Bat flies are obligate ectoparasites of bats and it has been hypothesized that they may be involved in the transmission of Bartonella species between bats. A survey was conducted to identify whether Cyclopodia greefi greefi (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) collected from Ghana and 2 islands in the Gulf of Guinea harbour Bartonella. In total, 137 adult flies removed from Eidolon helvum, the straw-coloured fruit bat, were screened for the presence of Bartonella by culture and PCR analysis. Bartonella DNA was detected in 91 (66.4%) of the specimens examined and 1 strain of a Bartonella sp., initially identified in E. helvum blood from Kenya, was obtained from a bat fly collected in Ghana. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to report the identification and isolation of Bartonella in bat flies from western Africa. C1 [Billeter, S. A.; Kosoy, M. Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hayman, D. T. S.] Vet Labs Agency Weybridge, Rabies & Wildlife Zoonoses Grp, Weybridge, Surrey, England. [Hayman, D. T. S.; Peel, A. J.; Baker, K.; Wood, J. L. N.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Infect Dis Consortium, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. [Hayman, D. T. S.; Peel, A. J.; Baker, K.; Cunningham, A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Suu-Ire, R.] Forestry Commiss, Wildlife Div, Accra, Ghana. [Dittmar, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov RI Wood, James/A-1626-2008; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Peel, Alison/I-3202-2012; Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Baker, Kate /P-2087-2016 OI Wood, James/0000-0002-0258-3188; Peel, Alison/0000-0003-3538-3550; Baker, Kate /0000-0001-5850-1949 FU American Society of Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Wellcome Trust; Alborado Trust; RAPIDD of the Science & Technology, Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Royal Society FX S. A. Billeter is supported through the American Society of Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Post-Doctoral Associates Program in Infectious Diseases and Public Health Microbiology. D. T. S. Hayman is supported by a Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellowship, J. L. N. Wood is supported by the Alborado Trust, and both are supported by the RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology, Directorate, Department of Homeland Security. K. Baker is supported by a Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellowship. A. A. Cunningham is supported by a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit award. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD MAR PY 2012 VL 139 IS 3 BP 324 EP 329 DI 10.1017/S0031182011002113 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 891ZC UT WOS:000300254600006 PM 22309510 ER PT J AU Fang, J Wheaton, AG Keenan, NL Greenlund, KJ Perry, GS Croft, JB AF Fang, Jing Wheaton, Anne G. Keenan, Nora L. Greenlund, Kurt J. Perry, Geraldine S. Croft, Janet B. TI Association of Sleep Duration and Hypertension Among US Adults Varies by Age and Sex SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE age; blood pressure; hypertension; sex; sleep ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSUFFICIENT SLEEP; BETA-BLOCKERS; RISK-FACTOR; WOMEN; POPULATION; MORTALITY; QUALITY; OBESITY AB BACKGROUND While short sleep duration has been related to hypertension, the impact of age and sex on this association is less well known. We examined the association between hours of sleep and hypertension prevalence among US adults by age and sex. METHODS The study was conducted using data from the 2007-2009 National Health Interview Surveys (NHISs). The association between self-reported hours of sleep and prevalence of hypertension was assessed after stratifying by age and sex. RESULTS Among 71,455 participants, age-standardized hypertension prevalence rates (%) were 32.4, 25.5, 22.2, 23.2, 25.5, and 32.5 among adults reporting sleep of <6, 6, 7, 8, 9, and >= 10 h/day, respectively (P < 0.001). There was a "U"-shaped association of hours of sleep and hypertension prevalence among all age and sex subgroups. Logistic regression models, using 8 h sleep/day as the referent, showed a greater likelihood of hypertension among those who slept <7 or >= 10 h/day after adjusting for sociodemographic, behavior, and health characteristics. Further stratifying by age and sex, while adjusting for all other characteristics, revealed that among adults less than 45 years, short (<6 h for men and <8 h for women) and long (>= 10 h for men) sleep were associated with higher likelihood of hypertension. For other age/sex groups, short sleep (<6 h) was associated with higher likelihood of hypertension among middle-aged men and older women, as was long sleep (>= 10 h) among middle-aged women. CONCLUSIONS This national sample study suggests that the association between hours of sleep and hypertension varies by age and sex. C1 [Fang, Jing; Keenan, Nora L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wheaton, Anne G.; Greenlund, Kurt J.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fang, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfang@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 25 IS 3 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1038/ajh.2011.201 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 893VN UT WOS:000300385900011 PM 22052075 ER PT J AU Park, HS Dalsey, E Kang, YF Hong, S Lee, SA AF Park, Hee Sun Dalsey, Elizabeth Kang, Youngyoul Fred Hong, Seoyeon Lee, Seungcheol Austin TI Organizational attraction toward a company that adopts a smoke-free policy SO ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Smoke-free workplace policy; Organizational attraction; Perceived organizational support; Employer control of employee behavior; Smoking sensitivity ID WORKSITE HEALTH-PROMOTION; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAMS; METAANALYSIS; EMPLOYEES; WORKPLACE; CESSATION; SELECTION; EXPOSURE; SUPPORT AB The current study investigated Korean smokers' and non-smokers' evaluations of an organization implementing a policy which either mandated or recommended that employees quit smoking. Undergraduates (n = 268) were randomly assigned to one of 2 (high vs. low severity of smoke-free policy implementation) x 2 (high vs. low organizational assistance) conditions and indicated their attraction to a hypothetical organization, posing as job applicants. The findings showed that non-smoking individuals' perception of organizational support was more strongly and positively related to organizational attraction when they were more likely to endorse employers' right to control employee smoking behaviors. Ex-smokers indicated greater attraction toward the organization when it was described as implementing a high severity policy than a low severity policy. Non-smokers indicated greater attraction toward the organization when it was described as offering a high level of assistance than a low level of assistance for smokers' cessation efforts. These and other findings concerning individuals' perception of severity, perception of organizational support, smoking sensitivity, and employer control are presented in detail, and the implications thereof are discussed. C1 [Park, Hee Sun; Lee, Seungcheol Austin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Commun, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dalsey, Elizabeth] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hong, Seoyeon] POSCO, Hot Rolled Product Mkt Div, Seoul, South Korea. [Hong, Seoyeon] POSCO, Mkt Div, Seoul, South Korea. RP Park, HS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Commun, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM heesun@msu.edu; fof2@cdc.gov; fred0830@gmail.com; thisisseoyeon@gmail.com; austiny@msu.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0217-4561 J9 ASIA PAC J MANAG JI Asia Pac. J. Manag. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 29 IS 1 BP 169 EP 189 DI 10.1007/s10490-010-9194-8 PG 21 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA 891WD UT WOS:000300246600009 ER PT J AU Machado, FS Jelicks, LA Kirchhoff, LV Shirani, J Nagajyothi, F Mukherjee, S Nelson, R Coyle, CM Spray, DC de Carvalho, ACC Guan, FX Prado, CM Lisanti, MP Weiss, LM Montgomery, SP Tanowitz, HB AF Machado, Fabiana S. Jelicks, Linda A. Kirchhoff, Louis V. Shirani, Jamshid Nagajyothi, Fnu Mukherjee, Shankar Nelson, Randin Coyle, Christina M. Spray, David C. Campos de Carvalho, Antonio C. Guan, Fangxia Prado, Cibele M. Lisanti, Michael P. Weiss, Louis M. Montgomery, Susan P. Tanowitz, Herbert B. TI Chagas Heart Disease Report on Recent Developments SO CARDIOLOGY IN REVIEW LA English DT Review DE Trypanosoma cruzi; Chagas disease; nifurtimox; benznidazole; heart transplantation; echocardiogram; cardiac magnetic resonance imaging ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; CARDIAC MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LATIN-AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; TERT-BUTYL-NITRONE; UNITED-STATES; MURINE MODEL; MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION; CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION; MYOCARDIAL STRUCTURE AB Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important cause of cardiac disease in endemic areas of Latin America. It is now being diagnosed in nonendemic areas because of immigration. Typical cardiac manifestations of Chagas disease include dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, cardioembolism, and stroke. Clinical and laboratory-based research to define the pathology resulting from T. cruzi infection has shed light on many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to these manifestations. Antiparasitic treatment may not be appropriate for patients with advanced cardiac disease. Clinical management of Chagas heart disease is similar to that used for cardiomyopathies caused by other processes. Cardiac transplantation has been successfully performed in a small number of patients with Chagas heart disease. C1 [Machado, Fabiana S.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biochem & Immunol, Inst Biol Sci, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Machado, Fabiana S.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Jelicks, Linda A.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Gruss Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Jelicks, Linda A.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Kirchhoff, Louis V.] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kirchhoff, Louis V.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Kirchhoff, Louis V.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Shirani, Jamshid] St Lukes Hosp & Hlth Network, Dept Cardiol, Bethlehem, PA USA. [Nagajyothi, Fnu; Mukherjee, Shankar; Nelson, Randin; Weiss, Louis M.; Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Coyle, Christina M.; Weiss, Louis M.; Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Coyle, Christina M.; Weiss, Louis M.; Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Jacobi Med Ctr, Dept Parasitol, Bronx, NY USA. [Spray, David C.; Campos de Carvalho, Antonio C.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dominick P Purpura Dept Neurosci, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Campos de Carvalho, Antonio C.] Natl Cardiol Inst, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Campos de Carvalho, Antonio C.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biophys, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Guan, Fangxia] Zhengzhou Univ, Dept Bioengn, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Prado, Cibele M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. [Lisanti, Michael P.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Canc Biol, Kimmel Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Lisanti, Michael P.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Stem Cell Biol & Regenerat Med, Kimmel Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Weiss, Louis M.; Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Global Hlth Ctr, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. [Montgomery, Susan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tanowitz, HB (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EM herbert.tanowitz@einstein.yu.edu RI Lisanti, Michael/C-6866-2013; Inbeb, Inct/K-2317-2013; Campos de Carvalho, Antonio/A-3152-2008; Prado, Cibele/P-5773-2016 OI Campos de Carvalho, Antonio/0000-0002-0062-3043; Prado, Cibele/0000-0003-4321-0879 FU NIH [HL-73732, AI-076248, CA123334, AI062730]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [576200/2008-5, 473670/2008-9]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) [14916]; Fogarty International Training Grant [D43TW007129] FX Supported in part by NIH grants HL-73732 (A. C. C.), AI-076248 (H. B. T.), CA123334, AI062730 (L.A.J.), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (F. S. M. [576200/2008-5, 473670/2008-9]), and the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) (F. S. M. [14916]); C. M. P. was supported by a Fogarty International Training Grant (H. B. T. [D43TW007129]). NR 153 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1061-5377 J9 CARDIOL REV JI Cardiol. Rev. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 20 IS 2 BP 53 EP 65 DI 10.1097/CRD.0b013e31823efde2 PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 894AT UT WOS:000300399900001 PM 22293860 ER PT J AU Tosh, PK McDonald, LC AF Tosh, Pritish K. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Infection Control in the Multidrug-Resistant Era: Tending the Human Microbiome SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; GUT MICROBIOTA; ANTIBIOTIC PERTURBATION; BETA-LACTAMASES; INTENSIVE-CARE; COMMUNITY; COLONIZATION; INTERVENTION; CHILDREN; ENTEROCOCCI AB Increasing understanding of the normal commensal microorganisms in humans suggests that restoring and maintaining the microbiome may provide a key to preventing colonization and infection with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Intact communities of commensals can prevent colonization with MDROs through both competition for space and resources and the complex immunologic and biochemical interactions that have developed between commensal and host over millennia. Current antimicrobials, however, exert tremendous collateral damage to the human microbiome through overuse and broadening spectrum, which has likely been the driving force behind the introduction and proliferation of MDROs. The future direction of infection control and anti-infective therapy will likely capitalize on an expanding understanding of the protective role of the microbiome by (1) developing and using more microbiome-sparing antimicrobial therapy, (2) developing techniques to maintain and restore indigenous microbiota, and (3) discovering and exploiting host protective mechanisms normally afforded by an intact microbiome. C1 [McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Lab Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tosh, Pritish K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDonald, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Lab Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmcdonald1@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 5 BP 707 EP 713 DI 10.1093/cid/cir899 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891PE UT WOS:000300228300021 PM 22157322 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Lindsley, MD Henchaichon, S Poonwan, N Naorat, S Prapasiri, P Chantra, S Ruamcharoen, F Chang, LS Chittaganpitch, M Mehta, N Peruski, L Maloney, SA Park, BJ Baggett, HC AF Harris, Julie R. Lindsley, Mark D. Henchaichon, Sununta Poonwan, Natteewan Naorat, Sathapana Prapasiri, Prabda Chantra, Somrak Ruamcharoen, Fuangrak Chang, Loretta S. Chittaganpitch, Malinee Mehta, Nanthawan Peruski, Leonard Maloney, Susan A. Park, Benjamin J. Baggett, Henry C. TI High Prevalence of Cryptococcal Infection Among HIV-Infected Patients Hospitalized With Pneumonia in Thailand SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RURAL THAILAND; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; MENINGITIS; AIDS; ANTIGENEMIA; PROPHYLAXIS; FLUCONAZOLE AB Background. Cryptococcal antigenemia was common among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Thailand. Few clinical differences were evident between antigenemic and nonantigenemic HIV-infected patients. Cryptococcal infection was a possible etiologic agent of pulmonary disease in many antigenemic patients.Methods. We tested banked serum samples from 704 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and 730 HIV-uninfected patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infection from 2004 through 2009 in 2 rural provinces in Thailand for the presence of CrAg+. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted for CrAg+ patients to distinguish meningeal and nonmeningeal cryptococcosis and to identify clinical characteristics associated with CrAg+ in patients with and without evidence of CM. Results. CrAg+ was found in 92 HIV-infected patients (13.1%); only tuberculosis (19.3%) and rhinovirus (16.5%) were identified more frequently. No HIV-uninfected patients were CrAg+. Of 70 CrAg+ patients with medical charts available, 37 (52.9%) had no evidence of past or existing CM at hospitalization; 30 of those patients (42.9% of all CrAg+) had neither past nor existing CM, nor any alternate etiology of infection identified. Dyspnea was more frequent among CrAg+ patients without CM than among CrAg- patients (P = .0002). Conclusions. Cryptococcus species were the most common pathogens detected in HIV-infected patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in Thailand. Few clinical differences were found between antigenemic and nonantigenemic HIV-infected patients. Health care providers in Thailand should evaluate HIV-infected patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infection for cryptococcal antigenemia, even in the absence of meningitis. C1 [Harris, Julie R.; Lindsley, Mark D.; Chang, Loretta S.; Park, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Poonwan, Natteewan; Chittaganpitch, Malinee; Mehta, Nanthawan] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Natl Inst Hlth, Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Henchaichon, Sununta; Naorat, Sathapana; Prapasiri, Prabda; Peruski, Leonard; Maloney, Susan A.; Baggett, Henry C.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Internat Emerging Infect Program, Thailand Minist Publ Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Chantra, Somrak] Sa Kaeo Prov Hosp, Minist Publ Hlth, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. [Ruamcharoen, Fuangrak] Nakhon Phanom Prov Hosp, Minist Publ Hlth, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand. [Chang, Loretta S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggt5@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 5 BP e43 EP e50 DI 10.1093/cid/cir903 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891PE UT WOS:000300228300001 PM 22198791 ER PT J AU Owen, SM AF Owen, S. Michele TI Testing for acute HIV infection: implications for treatment as prevention SO CURRENT OPINION IN HIV AND AIDS LA English DT Review DE acute infection; diagnostics; HIV; preexposure prophylaxis; prevention ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; COMBINED P24 ANTIGEN; NUCLEIC-ACID; UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TYPE-1 INFECTION; ANTIBODY-ASSAYS; PERSONS AWARE; WESTERN-BLOT AB Purpose of review The aim of this study is to give an overview of the recent literature related to HIV testing with an emphasis on detecting acute HIV infection. Testing technology as well as implications for treatment as prevention will be discussed. Recent findings HIV testing technology continues to evolve. Advances include updated immunologic formats that detect both HIV antibody and antigen (4th generation assays), new nucleic acid amplification tests, and continued development of rapid assays that can be used in either clinical or nonclinical settings. Because of these advances there are proposed changes for HIV diagnostic algorithms to encourage detection of acute infection. These technologic advances have implications for HIV prevention as testing is a cornerstone for all HIV prevention strategies. There is considerable new research indicating that treatment may be an important aspect of HIV prevention. Data also suggest that detection of acute infection will be important for the success of these prevention strategies. Summary Continued improvements in technology and testing practice are vital for the success of HIV prevention. Detection of acute or early HIV infection will likely play a key role in the success of treatment as prevention, as well as play an important role in ongoing behavioral prevention strategies. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owen, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Mowen@cdc.gov RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 76 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1746-630X J9 CURR OPIN HIV AIDS JI Curr. Opin. HIV AIDS PD MAR PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1097/COH.0b013e3283506613 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 894CW UT WOS:000300405600006 PM 22314506 ER PT J AU Chevrier, C Petit, C Philippat, C Mortamais, M Slama, R Rouget, F Calafat, AM Ye, XY Silva, MJ Charles, MA Cordier, S AF Chevrier, Cecile Petit, Claire Philippat, Claire Mortamais, Marion Slama, Remy Rouget, Florence Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Silva, Manori J. Charles, Marie-Aline Cordier, Sylvaine TI Maternal Urinary Phthalates and Phenols and Male Genital Anomalies SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID VARIABILITY; HYPOSPADIAS; METABOLITES; EXPOSURE; RISK C1 [Chevrier, Cecile; Petit, Claire] Univ Rennes 1, INSERM, IRSET, Rennes, France. [Petit, Claire; Mortamais, Marion; Slama, Remy] Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Albert Bonniot, Team Environm Epidemiol Appl Reprod & Resp Hlth, INSERM,U823, Grenoble, France. [Rouget, Florence] Bien Naitre Ille Et Vilaine Perinatal Network, INSERM, IRSET, Rennes, France. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun; Silva, Manori J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Charles, Marie-Aline] INSERM, U1018, CESP, Team Epidemiol Diabet Obes & Renal Dis Lifelong A, Villejuif, France. [Cordier, Sylvaine] Univ Rennes 1, INSERM, IRSET, Rennes, France. RP Chevrier, C (reprint author), Univ Rennes 1, INSERM, IRSET, Rennes, France. EM cecile.chevrier@rennes.inserm.fr RI Philippat, Claire/N-2423-2013; Slama, Remy/M-1755-2013; Chevrier, Cecile/J-9170-2015; Cordier, Sylvaine/F-7919-2013 OI Slama, Remy/0000-0002-8980-8529; FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 353 EP 356 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318246073e PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 894VX UT WOS:000300456500030 PM 22317818 ER PT J AU Chao, HJ Chan, CC Rao, CY Lee, CT Chuang, YC Chiu, YH Hsu, HH Wu, H AF Chao, H. Jasmine Chan, Chang-Chuan Rao, Carol Y. Lee, Chung-Te Chuang, Ying-Chih Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu Hsu, Hsiao-Hsien Wu, Hua TI The effects of transported Asian dust on the composition and concentration of ambient fungi in Taiwan SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aerobiology; Asian dust events; Bioaerosols; Culturable fungi ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; STORM EVENTS; YELLOW SAND; METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS; HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; DAILY MORTALITY; DESERT DUST; AIR-QUALITY; SPORES; AEROSOLS AB This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of transported Asian dust and other environmental parameters on the levels and compositions of ambient fungi in the atmosphere of northern Taiwan. We monitored Asian dust events in Taipei County, Taiwan from January 2003 to June 2004. We used duplicate Burkard portable air samplers to collect ambient fungi before, during, and after dust events. Six transported Asian dust events were monitored during the study period. Elevated concentrations of Aspergillus (A. niger, specifically), Coelomycetes, Rhinocladiella, Sporothrix and Verticillium were noted (p < 0.05) during Asian dust periods. Botryosporium and Trichothecium were only recovered during dust event days. Multiple regression analysis showed that fungal levels were positively associated with temperature, wind speed, rainfall, non-methane hydrocarbons and particulates with aerodynamic diameters a parts per thousand currency sign10 mu m (PM10), and negatively correlated with relative humidity and ozone. Our results demonstrated that Asian dust events affected ambient fungal concentrations and compositions in northern Taiwan. Ambient fungi also had complex dynamics with air pollutants and meteorological factors. Future studies should explore the health impacts of ambient fungi during Asian dust events, adjusting for the synergistic/antagonistic effects of weather and air pollutants. C1 [Chao, H. Jasmine; Chuang, Ying-Chih; Wu, Hua] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Taipei 110, Taiwan. [Chan, Chang-Chuan] Taipei Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Occupat Med & Ind Hyg, Taipei 110, Taiwan. [Rao, Carol Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lee, Chung-Te] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Environm Engn, Jhongli 320, Taoyuan, Taiwan. [Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu; Hsu, Hsiao-Hsien] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Chao, HJ (reprint author), Taipei Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 5F Hlth Sci Bldg,250 Wu Hsing St, Taipei 110, Taiwan. EM hchao@tmu.edu.tw OI CHAN, CHANG-CHUAN/0000-0002-7518-5236 FU Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan, Republic of China [EPA-92-U1L1-02-101, EPA-93-L105-02-207] FX This study was supported in part by Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan, Republic of China (EPA-92-U1L1-02-101 and EPA-93-L105-02-207). NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1007/s00484-011-0413-x PG 9 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 893HL UT WOS:000300346800001 PM 21328007 ER PT J AU Wells, EM Goldman, LR Jarrett, JM Apelberg, BJ Herbstman, JB Caldwell, KL Halden, RU Witter, FR AF Wells, Ellen M. Goldman, Lynn R. Jarrett, Jeffery M. Apelberg, Benjamin J. Herbstman, Julie B. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Halden, Rolf U. Witter, Frank R. TI Selenium and maternal blood pressure during childbirth SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; pregnancy; selenium; umbilical cord ID UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SERUM SELENIUM; ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; SUPPLEMENTATION; COPPER; RISK; PREECLAMPSIA AB Evidence suggests selenium concentrations outside the nutritional range may worsen cardiovascular health. This paper examines the relationship between selenium and maternal blood pressure (BP) among 270 deliveries using umbilical cord serum as a proxy for maternal exposure levels. Multivariable models used linear splines for selenium and controlled for gestational age, maternal age, race, median household income, parity, smoking, and prepregnancy body mass index. Non-parametric analysis of this dataset was used to select spline knots for selenium at 70 and 90 mu g/l. When selenium was <70 mu g/l, increasing selenium levels were related to a non-statistically significant decrease in BP. For selenium 70-90 mu g/l, a 1 mu g/l increase was related to a 0.37 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (Cl): 0.005, 0.73) change in systolic and a 0.35 nun Hg (0.07, 0.64) change in diastolic BP. There were very few selenium values >90 mu g/l. Other studies indicate that the maternal/cord selenium ratio is 1.46 (95% CI: 1.28, 1.65). This u-shaped relationship between selenium and BP is consistent with a dual role of selenium as an essential micronutrient that is nonetheless a toxicant at higher concentrations; however, this needs to be studied further. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2012) 22, 191-197; doi:10.1038/jes.2011.42; published online 23 November 2011 C1 [Wells, Ellen M.; Goldman, Lynn R.; Halden, Rolf U.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Wells, Ellen M.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Goldman, Lynn R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Jarrett, Jeffery M.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Apelberg, Benjamin J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Herbstman, Julie B.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Swette Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Tempe, AZ USA. [Witter, Frank R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Goldman, LR (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 2300 Eye St NW,Suite 106, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM lynn.goldman@gwumc.edu RI Schneider, Larissa/C-9863-2012; Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010; OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361; Wells, Ellen/0000-0002-7293-1395; Jarrett, Jeffery/0000-0001-5755-3552 FU Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1R01ES015445]; United States Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank Drs. John Bernert, Jochen Heidler, Joseph Hibbeln, Robert Jones, and Norman Salem, Jr. for contributing to data collection; Drs. Ana Navas-Acien and Ellen Silbergeld for advice; and Ruth Quinn and Tonya Shephard for project support. This work was supported in part by the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant 1R01ES015445 (RUH), and a United States Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Fellowship (EMW). The content and views presented in this work are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of US EPA, CDC, or NIH. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 191 EP 197 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.42 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 894WV UT WOS:000300459100009 PM 22108761 ER PT J AU Silva, MJ Furr, J Preau, JL Samandar, E Gray, LE Calafat, AM AF Silva, Manori J. Furr, Johnathan Preau, James L., Jr. Samandar, Ella Gray, L. Earl Calafat, Antonia M. TI Identification of potential biomarkers of exposure to di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), an alternative for phthalate plasticizers SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DINCH; biomonitoring; plasticizer; biomarkers; exposure assessment; oxidative metabolism ID ISO-NONYLPHTHALATE DINP; HUMAN URINE; DI(ISONONYL) CYCLOHEXANE-1,2-DICARBOXYLATE; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ISONONYL PHTHALATE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METABOLITES; RATS; MORPHOLOGY AB Di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) is used as an alternative for some phthalate plasticizers. In rats, DINCH mostly eliminates in feces as cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (CHDA), mono isononyl ester (MINCH) or in urine as CHDA. However, CHDA is not a specific biomarker of DINCH and measuring MINCH in feces is impractical. To identify additional potential biomarkers, we administered DINCH (500 mg/kg body weight) in a single subcutaneous (SC) or oral dose to four adult female Sprague Dawley rats. We collected 24-h urine samples before dosing (to be used as controls) and 24-h and 48-h after dosing, and serum at necropsy after 48 h. We positively identified and accurately quantified CHDA and cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, mono hydroxyisononyl ester (MHNCH) using authentic standards. Moreover, we tentatively identified MINCH and 12 oxidative metabolites, including 4 cyclohexane ring oxidation products, based on their mass spectrometric-fragmentation patterns. CHDA and MHNCH levels were higher in the urine collected 24 h after oral than SC administration. By contrast, 48-h after dosing, CHDA urinary levels were similar regardless of the exposure route. We detected all but two of the urine metabolites also in serum. Levels of CHDA and MHNCH in serum were lower than in the two post-dose urine collections. Our results suggest that several urinary oxidative metabolites, specifically CHDA, mono oxoisononyl ester and MHNCH may be used as specific biomarkers of DINCH exposure in humans. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2012) 22, 204-211; doi:10.1038/jes.2011.43; published online 18 January 2012 C1 [Silva, Manori J.; Preau, James L., Jr.; Samandar, Ella; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Furr, Johnathan; Gray, L. Earl] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Silva, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop F53,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM zca2@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 204 EP 211 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.43 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 894WV UT WOS:000300459100011 PM 22252281 ER PT J AU Mervish, N Blount, B Valentin-Blasini, L Brenner, B Galvez, MP Wolff, MS Teitelbaum, SL AF Mervish, Nancy Blount, Ben Valentin-Blasini, Liza Brenner, Barbara Galvez, Maida P. Wolff, Mary S. Teitelbaum, Susan L. TI Temporal variability in urinary concentrations of perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate and iodide among children SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE child exposure/health; dietary exposure; epidemiology ID LOW-DOSE PERCHLORATE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; THYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; US POPULATION; EXPOSURE; MILK AB Perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate are ubiquitous in the environment, and human exposure to these chemicals is accurately measured in urine. Biomarkers of these chemicals represent a person's recent exposure, however, little is known on the temporal variability of the use of a single measurement of these biomarkers. Healthy Hispanic and Black children (6-10-year-old) donated urine samples over 6 months. To assess temporal variability, we used three statistical methods (n=29; 153 urine samples): intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman's correlation coefficient between concentrations measured at different timepoints and surrogate category analysis to assess how well tertile ranking by a single biomarker measurement represented the average concentration over 6 months. The ICC measure of reproducibility was poor (0.10-0.12) for perchlorate, nitrate and iodide; and fair for thiocyanate (0.36). The correlations for each biomarker across multiple sampling times ranged from 0.01-0.57. Surrogate analysis showed consistent results for almost every surrogate tertile. Results demonstrate fair temporal reliability in the spot urine concentrations of the three NIS inhibitors and iodide. Surrogate analysis show that single-spot urine samples reliably categorize participant's exposure providing support for the use of a single sample as an exposure measure in epidemiological studies that use relative ranking of exposure. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2012) 22, 212-218; doi:10.1038/jes.2011.44; published online 14 December 2011 C1 [Mervish, Nancy; Brenner, Barbara; Galvez, Maida P.; Wolff, Mary S.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Blount, Ben; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Galvez, Maida P.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Mervish, N (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM Nancy.Mervish@mssm.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Cancer Institute [ES012771]; NIEHS [ES12645]; NIEHS/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Children's Center [ES09584, R827039]; New York Community Trust; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease [ATU 300014]; Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship [HD049311] FX This research was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/National Cancer Institute ES012771; NIEHS ES12645; NIEHS/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Children's Center Grants ES09584 and R827039, the New York Community Trust, and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 01A1ATSDR Grant no. ATU 300014 NYS Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program/CDC/Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine; the Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship HD049311. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 212 EP 218 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.44 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 894WV UT WOS:000300459100012 PM 22166811 ER PT J AU Anand, A Luman, ET O'Connor, PM AF Anand, Abhijeet Luman, Elizabeth T. O'Connor, Patrick M. TI Building on Success-Potential to Improve Coverage of Multiple Health Interventions Through Integrated Delivery With Routine Childhood Vaccination SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OPT-OUT; WATER; COUNTDOWN; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; SERVICES; CHILDREN; SURVIVAL; DIARRHEA AB Background. Integrating delivery of nonvaccine interventions with childhood vaccinations has been suggested as a mechanism to accelerate progress toward Millennium Development Goals. Methods. Demographic health surveys from 28 sub-Saharan African countries were analyzed to determine potential coverage with 5 nonvaccine interventions that could be delivered to children, mothers, and families during routine infant vaccinations. Potential coverage levels were calculated among households with children aged 12-23 months, based on existing coverage of interventions and vaccinations. Findings. Most (> 60%) children in families that had not received nonvaccine interventions had been vaccinated. If nonvaccine interventions could be delivered with vaccinations, the median percentage of households owning a bed net could increase from 46% to 92% and those with improved or treated sources of water from 55% to 91%. The median percentage of children who had received vitamin A supplementation could increase from 66% to 90%. Mothers who have been tested for human immunodeficiency virus could increase from 16% to 86%. Conclusions. In Africa, vaccination programs could provide a platform to substantially increase coverage of nonvaccine interventions. Studies are needed to investigate programmatic approaches to optimize the selection, adoption, and long-term utilization of these interventions and to assess the impact on vaccination and other intervention coverage. C1 [Anand, Abhijeet; O'Connor, Patrick M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Luman, Elizabeth T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Anand, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aanand@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC. CDC staff were involved in the analysis and interpretation of data and writing of the manuscript. The corresponding author had access to all data and had the final responsibility to submit for publication. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S28 EP S39 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir794 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500005 PM 22315383 ER PT J AU Briere, EC Ryman, TK Cartwright, E Russo, ET Wannemuehler, KA Nygren, BL Kola, S Sadumah, I Ochieng, C Watkins, ML Quick, R AF Briere, Elizabeth C. Ryman, Tove K. Cartwright, Emily Russo, Elizabeth T. Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Nygren, Benjamin L. Kola, Steve Sadumah, Ibrahim Ochieng, Cliff Watkins, Margaret L. Quick, Robert TI Impact of Integration of Hygiene Kit Distribution With Routine Immunizations on Infant Vaccine Coverage and Water Treatment and Handwashing Practices of Kenyan Mothers SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WESTERN KENYA; INTERVENTIONS; SERVICES; EQUITY; HEALTH AB Integration of immunizations with hygiene interventions may improve use of both interventions. We interviewed 1361 intervention and 1139 comparison caregivers about hygiene practices and vaccination history, distributed water treatment and hygiene kits to caregivers during infant vaccination sessions in intervention clinics for 12 months, and conducted a followup survey of 2361 intervention and 1033 comparison caregivers. We observed significant increases in reported household water treatment (30% vs 44%, P < .0001) and correct handwashing technique (25% vs 51%, P < .0001) in intervention households and no changes in comparison households. Immunization coverage improved in both intervention and comparison infants (57% vs 66%, P = .04; 37% vs 53%, P < .0001, respectively). Hygiene kit distribution during routine immunizations positively impacted household water treatment and hygiene without a negative impact on vaccination coverage. Further study is needed to assess hygiene incentives, implement alternative water quality indicators, and evaluate the impact of this intervention in other settings. C1 [Briere, Elizabeth C.; Cartwright, Emily; Russo, Elizabeth T.; Nygren, Benjamin L.; Quick, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryman, Tove K.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Watkins, Margaret L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kola, Steve; Sadumah, Ibrahim; Ochieng, Cliff] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Briere, EC (reprint author), Care of Cavallaro EC, NCEZID, Global WASH Epidemiol Team, WDPB,Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis DBFMD, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ejc0@cdc.gov RI Richardson, Mary/M-9299-2016 FU Global Immunization Division; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases at the CDC, Population Services International Kenya; United States Agency for International Development (USAID); CDC FX This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of Alfredo Obure (1973-2009), an extraordinary man who dedicated his life to improving the lives of Kenyans. The authors gratefully acknowledge the following people who participated in this evaluation as supervisors, enumerators, and administrative staff: Alie Eleveld, Sitnah Faith, Ronald Otieno, Florence Oketch, Sande Ochieng, Jesca Gendi, Jared Odhiambo, Cynthia Atieno Ounda, Beatrice Otiato, Joel Otieno Ouma, Peter Awuondo, Dorice Anyango, Paul Okuta, Joshua Opande, Esther Olweny, Celine Doske, Michael Juma Mbuji, Nancy Okuta, Pamela Mola, Rosemary Owuor, Brian Ogembo, Jared J. Owino, Fredrick Martin Okumu, Brian Seda, Juma Gerald Obure, Sarah Adeny Juma, Winnie Otieno, and Camilla Okello. This project was made possible by financial and in-kind support of the Global Immunization Division and the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases at the CDC, Population Services International Kenya, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).; This work was supported by the CDC and USAID. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S56 EP S64 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir779 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500008 PM 22315387 ER PT J AU Cibulskis, RE Pujari, S Otten, MW AF Cibulskis, Richard E. Pujari, Samir Otten, Mac W. TI Do Estimates of Intervention Coverage Obtained From Children at Immunization Clinics Provide a Reasonable Approximation to Population Values? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEALTH FACILITY; HOUSEHOLD AB Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of selection bias incurred by measuring child survival intervention coverage at convenient sampling opportunities (child immunization contacts) is sufficiently small for the approach to be used as a management tool within country programs. Methods. We estimated the magnitude of selection bias by calculating values of 13 health indicators for 31 countries using Demographic and Health Survey data for children immunized with the third dose of the diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine (DPT3) and those who were immunized with measles vaccine, and comparing their values to those obtained for the population as a whole. Results. Estimates of intervention coverage derived from immunized children are close to population values if immunization coverage exceeds 60%. Levels of bias were lower for interventions that were not delivered directly by formal health services, such as use of mosquito nets among children and provision of more fluid for diarrhea. Levels of bias were also lower when using results for measles vaccine than for DPT3, suggesting that the measles vaccination contact may be the most opportune time to collect data on additional health indicators. Conclusions. The coverage of immunization programs has reached 60% in 85% of African countries, so selection bias does not appear to invalidate the measurement of intervention coverage at immunization contacts. C1 [Cibulskis, Richard E.; Otten, Mac W.] World Hlth Org, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Pujari, Samir] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Measles Branch, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cibulskis, RE (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Global Malaria Programme, 22 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM cibulskisr@who.int NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S91 EP S102 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir795 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500012 PM 22315392 ER PT J AU Ryman, TK Wallace, A Mihigo, R Richards, P Schlanger, K Cappelier, K Ndiaye, S Modjirom, N Tounkara, B Grant, G Anya, B Kiawi, EC Ochieng, C Kone, S Tesfaye, H Trayner, N Watkins, M Luman, ET AF Ryman, Tove K. Wallace, Aaron Mihigo, Richard Richards, Patricia Schlanger, Karen Cappelier, Kelli Ndiaye, Serigne Modjirom, Ndoutabe Tounkara, Baba Grant, Gavin Anya, Blanche Kiawi, Emmanuel C. Ochieng, Cliff Kone, Sekou Tesfaye, Habtamu Trayner, Nathan Watkins, Margaret Luman, Elizabeth T. TI Community and Health Worker Perceptions and Preferences Regarding Integration of Other Health Services With Routine Vaccinations: Four Case Studies SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION SERVICES; FEEDING PRACTICES; INFANTS AB Background. Integration of routine vaccination and other maternal and child health services is becoming more common and the services being integrated more diverse. Yet knowledge gaps remain regarding community members and health workers acceptance, priorities, and concerns related to integration. Methods. Qualitative health worker interviews and community focus groups were conducted in 4 African countries (Kenya, Mali, Ethiopia, and Cameroon). Results. Integration was generally well accepted by both community members and health workers. Most integrated services were perceived positively by the communities, although perceptions around socially sensitive services (eg, family planning and human immunodeficiency virus) differed by country. Integration benefits reported by both community members and health workers across countries included opportunity to receive multiple services at one visit, time and transportation cost savings, increased service utilization, maximized health worker efficiency, and reduced reporting requirements. Concerns related to integration included being labor intensive, inadequate staff to implement, inadequately trained staff, in addition to a number of more broad health system issues (eg, stockouts, wait times). Conclusions. Communities generally supported integration, and integrated services may have the potential to increase service utilization and possibly even reduce the stigma of certain services. Some concerns expressed related to health system issues rather than integration, per se, and should be addressed as part of a wider approach to improve health services. Improved planning and patient flow and increasing the number and training of health staff may help to mitigate logistical challenges of integrating services. C1 [Ryman, Tove K.; Wallace, Aaron; Ndiaye, Serigne; Watkins, Margaret; Luman, Elizabeth T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Richards, Patricia] Univ Georgia, Coll Arts & Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schlanger, Karen] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cappelier, Kelli] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Trayner, Nathan] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Mihigo, Richard] World Hlth Org Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Modjirom, Ndoutabe; Tounkara, Baba] World Hlth Org Country Off, Bamako, Mali. [Kone, Sekou] Minist Hlth, Bamako, Mali. [Grant, Gavin] World Hlth Org Country Off, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tesfaye, Habtamu] Fed Minist Hlth, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Anya, Blanche] World Hlth Org Country Off Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Kiawi, Emmanuel C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Country Off, Douala, Cameroon. [Ochieng, Cliff] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Ryman, TK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM tryman@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S49 EP S55 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir796 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500007 PM 22315386 ER PT J AU Ryman, TK Briere, EC Cartwright, E Schlanger, K Wannemuehler, KA Russo, ET Kola, S Sadumah, I Nygren, BL Ochieng, C Quick, R Watkins, ML AF Ryman, Tove K. Briere, Elizabeth C. Cartwright, Emily Schlanger, Karen Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Russo, Elizabeth T. Kola, Steve Sadumah, Ibrahim Nygren, Benjamin L. Ochieng, Cliff Quick, Robert Watkins, Margaret L. TI Integration of Routine Vaccination and Hygiene Interventions: A Comparison of 2 Strategies in Kenya SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WATER-TREATMENT; IMMUNIZATION SERVICES; MALAWI AB Background. Hygiene interventions reduce child mortality from diarrhea. Vaccination visits provide a platform for delivery of other health services but may overburden nurses. We compared 2 strategies to integrate hygiene interventions with vaccinations in Kenya's Homa Bay district, 1 using community workers to support nurses and 1 using nurses. Methods. Homa Bay was divided into 2 geographical areas, each with 9 clinics. Each area was randomly assigned to either the nurse or community-assisted strategy. At infant vaccination visits hygiene kits were distributed by the nurse or community member. Surveys pre- and post-intervention, measured hygiene indicators and vaccination coverage. Interviews and focus groups assessed acceptability. Results. Between April 2009 and March 2010, 39 158 hygiene kits were distributed. Both nurse and community-assisted strategies were well-accepted. Hygiene indicators improved similarly in nurse and community sites. However, residual chlorine in water changed in neither group. Vaccination coverage increased in urban areas. In rural areas coverage either remained unchanged or increased with 1 exception (13% third dose poliovirus vaccine decrease). Conclusions. Distribution of hygiene products and education during vaccination visits was found to be feasible using both delivery strategies. Additional studies should consider assessing the use of community members to support integrated service delivery. C1 [Ryman, Tove K.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Watkins, Margaret L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Briere, Elizabeth C.; Cartwright, Emily; Russo, Elizabeth T.; Nygren, Benjamin L.; Quick, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Schlanger, Karen] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot & Behav, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kola, Steve; Sadumah, Ibrahim; Ochieng, Cliff] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Ryman, TK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A05, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM tryman@cdc.gov RI Richardson, Mary/M-9299-2016 FU Global Immunization Division; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Population Services International Kenya; US Agency for International Development; USAID; US CDC FX This study is dedicated to the memory of Alfredo Obure (1976-2009). We would like to thank our dedicated team of supervisors and data collectors: Beatrice Akinyi Otiato, Brian Louis O. Seda, Brian Ogembo, Celine Koske, Cynthia Atieno Ounda, Dan Rambo Abaja, Dorice Anyango Otieno, Esther Olweny, Florence Oketch,Fredrick Martin Okumu, Gendi Jesca Aoko, Jared Juma Owino, Jared Odhiambo Aim, Joel Otieno Njoga, Joseph Okore Onyango, Joshua Opande Ayoo, Juma Gerald Obure, Michael Juma Mbuji, Nancy Akinyi Okuttah, Pamela Mola, Paul Erick Ombok, Paul Okuta, Peter Ochieng Awuondo, Ronald Otieno, Rosemary Owuor, Sande Ochien'g, Sarah Adeny Juma, Sitnah Faith, and Winnie Otieno. We also thank Dr Patricia Richards for her assistance in designing the qualitative assessment tools. This project was made possible by financial and in-kind support of the Global Immunization Division and the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Population Services International Kenya, and the US Agency for International Development.; This work was supported by USAID and the US CDC. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S65 EP S76 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir777 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500009 PM 22315389 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A De Cock, KM AF Schuchat, Anne De Cock, Kevin M. TI The Value of Science in Integration of Services SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [De Cock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mailstop A-27, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aschuchat@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir801 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500001 PM 22315376 ER PT J AU Vijayaraghavan, M Wallace, A Mirza, IR Kamadjeu, R Nandy, R Durry, E Everard, M AF Vijayaraghavan, Maya Wallace, Aaron Mirza, Imran Raza Kamadjeu, Raoul Nandy, Robin Durry, Elias Everard, Marthe TI Economic Evaluation of a Child Health Days Strategy to Deliver Multiple Maternal and Child Health Interventions in Somalia SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; COST AB Introduction. Child Health Days (CHDs) are increasingly used by countries to periodically deliver multiple maternal and child health interventions as time-limited events, particularly to populations not reached by routine health services. In countries with a weak health infrastructure, this strategy could be used to reach many underserved populations with an integrated package of services. In this study, we estimate the incremental costs, impact, cost-effectiveness, and return on investment of 2 rounds of CHDs that were conducted in Somalia in 2009 and 2010. Methods. We use program costs and population estimates reported by the World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund to estimate the average cost per beneficiary for each of 9 interventions delivered during 2 rounds of CHDs implemented during the periods of December 2008 to May 2009 and August 2009 to April 2010. Because unstable areas were unreachable, we calculated costs for targeted and accessible beneficiaries. We model the impact of the CHDs on child mortality using the Lives Saved Tool, convert these estimates of mortality reduction to life years saved, and derive the cost-effectiveness ratio and the return on investment. Results. The estimated average incremental cost per intervention for each targeted beneficiary was $0.63, with the cost increasing to $0.77 per accessible beneficiary. The CHDs were estimated to save the lives of at least 10 000, or 500 000 life years for both rounds combined. The CHDs were cost-effective at $34.00/life year saved. For every $1 million invested in the strategy, an estimated 615 children's lives, or 29 500 life years, were saved. If the pentavalent vaccine had been delivered during the CHDs instead of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, an additional 5000 children's lives could have been saved. Conclusions. Despite high operational costs, CHDs are a very cost-effective service delivery strategy for addressing the leading causes of child mortality in a conflict setting like Somalia and compare favorably with other interventions rated as health sector "best buys" in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Vijayaraghavan, Maya; Wallace, Aaron; Durry, Elias] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kamadjeu, Raoul; Everard, Marthe] World Hlth Org Somalia Liaison Off, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nandy, Robin] United Nations Childrens Fund, New York, NY USA. RP Vijayaraghavan, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mvijayaraghavan@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S134 EP S140 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir772 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500017 PM 22315381 ER PT J AU Wallace, A Ryman, T Mihigo, R Ndoutabe, M Tounkara, B Grant, G Anya, B Kiawi, EC Kone, S Tesfaye, H Trayner, N Luman, ET AF Wallace, Aaron Ryman, Tove Mihigo, Richard Ndoutabe, Modjirom Tounkara, Baba Grant, Gavin Anya, Blanche Kiawi, Emmanuel C. Kone, Sekou Tesfaye, Habtamu Trayner, Nathan Luman, Elizabeth T. TI Strengthening Evidence-Based Planning of Integrated Health Service Delivery Through Local Measures of Health Intervention Delivery Times SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ALMA-ATA; AFRICA; CARE; STRATEGIES; NEWBORN; CLINICS; REBIRTH AB Background. Immunization services in developing countries are increasingly used as platforms for delivery of other health interventions. A challenge for scaling up interventions on existing platforms is insufficient resources allocated to the integrated platform with the risk of overburdening a health worker. Determining the length of time to deliver priority interventions can be useful information in planning integrated services and mitigating this risk. We designed and tested a methodology for collecting the time needed to deliver selected interventions. Methodology. At 18 health facilities in Mali, Ethiopia, and Cameroon, we observed delivery of 11 maternal and child health interventions to determine delivery times. We interviewed health workers to estimate self-reported delivery times. Results. Based on observations, vitamin A supplementation (median, 2:00 minutes per child) and vaccinations (median, 2:22 minutes) took the least amount of time to deliver, whereas human immunodeficiency virus counseling and testing and sick infant treatment interventions were among the longest to deliver. Health worker-reported times to deliver interventions were consistently higher than observed times. Conclusions. Using locally-obtained data can be useful to step for planners to determine how best to use existing platforms for delivering new interventions, particularly since these interventions may require substantially more time to deliver compared to immunizations. C1 [Wallace, Aaron; Ryman, Tove; Luman, Elizabeth T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mihigo, Richard] World Hlth Org Reg Off Africa, Div Prevent & Control Communicable Dis, Brazzaville, Congo. [Ndoutabe, Modjirom; Tounkara, Baba] World Hlth Org, Immunizat Preventable Dis Div, Bamako, Mali. [Grant, Gavin] World Hlth Org, Immunizat Sect, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Anya, Blanche] World Hlth Org, Immunizat & Polio Sect, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Kiawi, Emmanuel C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Doula, Cameroon. [Kone, Sekou] Minist Hlth, Child Hlth Div, Bamako, Mali. [Trayner, Nathan] Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Wallace, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM awallace@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S40 EP S48 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir775 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500006 PM 22315385 ER PT J AU Wallace, AS Ryman, TK Dietz, V AF Wallace, Aaron S. Ryman, Tove K. Dietz, Vance TI Experiences Integrating Delivery of Maternal and Child Health Services With Childhood Immunization Programs: Systematic Review Update SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; INFANTS IPTI; EXPANDED PROGRAM; COMMUNITY RESPONSE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; FEEDING PRACTICES; ALMA-ATA; MALARIA; INTERVENTIONS AB Background. The World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund promote integration of maternal and child health (MCH) and immunization services as a strategy to strengthen immunization programs. We updated our previous review of integrated programs and reviewed reports of integration of MCH services with immunization programs at the service delivery level. Methods. Published and unpublished reports of interventions integrating MCH and immunization service delivery were reviewed by searching journal databases and Web sites and by contacting organizations. Results. Among 27 integrated activities, interventions included hearing screening, human immunodeficiency virus services, vitamin A supplementation, deworming tablet administration, malaria treatment, bednet distribution, family planning, growth monitoring, and health education. When reported, linked intervention coverage increased, though not to the level of the corresponding immunization coverage in all cases. Logistical difficulties, time-intensive interventions ill suited for campaign delivery, concern for harming existing services, inadequate overlap of target age groups, and low immunization coverage were identified as challenges. Conclusions. Results of this review reinforce our 2005 review findings, including importance of intervention compatibility and focus on immunization program strength. Ensuring proper planning and awareness of compatibility of service delivery requirements were found to be important. The review revealed gaps in information about costs, comparison to vertical delivery, and impact on all integrated interventions that future studies should aim to address. C1 [Wallace, Aaron S.; Ryman, Tove K.; Dietz, Vance] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Wallace, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM awallace@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S6 EP S19 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir778 PG 14 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500003 PM 22315388 ER PT J AU Wei, SC Vanden Eng, JL Patterson, AE Doumbia, S Kleinbaum, DG Ryman, TK Toure, MB McMorrow, ML AF Wei, Stanley C. Vanden Eng, Jodi L. Patterson, Amy E. Doumbia, Seydou Kleinbaum, David G. Ryman, Tove K. Toure, Mahamoudou B. McMorrow, Meredith L. TI Validity of Expanded Program on Immunization Contact Method Health Behavior Estimates in Mali SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Background. In the developing world, household surveys provide high- quality health behavior data integral to public health program management. The Expanded Program on Immunization Contact Method (EPI-CM) is a proposed, less resource-intensive method in which health center staff incorporate health behavior questions into routine vaccination activities. No systematic evaluation of EPI-CM validity has yet been conducted. Methods. We used concurrent household survey and EPI-CM to collect data on 4 infant health behaviors in Mali at 2 time points (8 total comparisons). Studied health behaviors were bednet use, obtaining care for fever, obtaining care for a respiratory complaint, and using oral rehydration solution for diarrhea. Household survey and EPI-CM estimates were considered equivalent if a 95% confidence interval about the difference in estimated proportions fell within the interval (-.10, .10). Results. EPI-CM estimates were higher than household survey estimates for 7 of 8 unadjusted paired estimates; estimates of bednet use in 2009 met a priori equivalence criteria in a setting of high bednet use (90.5%). When we restricted household survey data to infants up-to-date on vaccinations, estimates for behaviors other than bednet use remained substantially different. Conclusions. We were unable to demonstrate that EPI-CM, as implemented, consistently produces data comparable with household survey data. C1 [Wei, Stanley C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Med Residency Program, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wei, Stanley C.; McMorrow, Meredith L.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Vanden Eng, Jodi L.; McMorrow, Meredith L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patterson, Amy E.; Kleinbaum, David G.] Emory Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Doumbia, Seydou; Toure, Mahamoudou B.] Univ Bamako, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Bamako, Mali. [Ryman, Tove K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McMorrow, ML (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bwe3@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Malaria Branch and Global Immunization Division; United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Malaria Branch and Global Immunization Division. Additional funding was provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI). NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S112 EP S119 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir797 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500014 PM 22315378 ER PT J AU Wei, SC Vanden Eng, JL Patterson, AE Doumbia, S Kleinbaum, DG Ryman, TK Toure, MB McMorrow, ML AF Wei, Stanley C. Vanden Eng, Jodi L. Patterson, Amy E. Doumbia, Seydou Kleinbaum, David G. Ryman, Tove K. Toure, Mahamoudou B. McMorrow, Meredith L. TI Effect of the Expanded Program on Immunization Contact Method of Data Collection on Health Behaviors in Mali SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DIARRHEA PREVENTION; FEEDING PRACTICES; WATER-TREATMENT; INTERVENTION; CHILDREN AB Background. The Expanded Program on Immunization Contact Method (EPI- CM) is a proposed monitoring and program management tool for developing countries. The method involves health workers tallying responses to questions about health behaviors during routine immunizations and providing targeted counseling. We evaluated whether asking caretakers about health behaviors during EPI visits led to changes in those behaviors. Methods. We worked in 2 districts in Mali: an intervention district where during immunization visits workers asked about 4 health behaviors related to bed net use, fever, respiratory disease, and diarrhea, and a control district where workers conducted routine immunization activities without health behavior questions. To evaluate the effect of EPI-CM, we conducted a cross-sectional household survey at baseline and 1 year postintervention. We used multivariate logistic regression to compare between districts the change over 1 year in 4 health behaviors: use of insecticide-treated nets, appropriate fever treatment, care-seeking for respiratory complaints, and appropriate diarrhea treatment. Results. There were no significant differences between the 2 districts in the change in the 4 health behaviors when controlling for age, sex, maternal education and occupation, immunization history, and wealth. Conclusions. We found no evidence that EPI-CM increases healthy behaviors. Further evaluation of other potential benefits and costs of EPI-CM is warranted. C1 [McMorrow, Meredith L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wei, Stanley C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Med Residency Program, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wei, Stanley C.; McMorrow, Meredith L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Patterson, Amy E.; Kleinbaum, David G.] Emory Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patterson, Amy E.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Malaria Control Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Doumbia, Seydou; Toure, Mahamoudou B.] Univ Bamako, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Bamako, Mali. [Ryman, Tove K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP McMorrow, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bwe3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Malaria Branch and Global Immunization Division; US Agency for International Development under the US President's Malaria Initiative FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Malaria Branch and Global Immunization Division. Additional funding was provided by the US Agency for International Development under the US President's Malaria Initiative. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2012 VL 205 SU 1 BP S103 EP S111 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir798 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 891VS UT WOS:000300245500013 PM 22315377 ER PT J AU Thiemann, TC Brault, AC Ernest, HB Reisen, WK AF Thiemann, T. C. Brault, A. C. Ernest, H. B. Reisen, W. K. TI Development of a high-throughput microsphere-based molecular assay to identify 15 common bloodmeal hosts of Culex mosquitoes SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE bloodmeal; Culex; host identification; Luminex; mosquito ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; FEEDING PATTERNS; PIPIENS COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; DNA; CALIFORNIA; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; TRANSMISSION; DISEASE AB For vectorborne infections, host selection by bloodfeeding arthropods dictates the interaction between host and pathogen. Because Culex mosquitoes that transmit West Nile virus (WNV) feed both on mammalian and avian hosts with varying competence, understanding the bloodfeeding patterns of these mosquitoes is important for understanding the transmission dynamics of WNV. Herein, we describe a new microsphere-based assay using Luminex xMAP (R) technology to rapidly identify 15 common hosts of Culex mosquitoes at our California study sites. The assay was verified with over 100 known vertebrate species samples and was used in conjunction with DNA sequencing to identify over 125 avian and mammalian host species from unknown Culex bloodmeals, more quickly and with less expense than sequencing alone. In addition, with multiplexed labelled probes, this microsphere array identified mixed bloodmeals that were difficult to discern with traditional sequencing. The microsphere set was easily expanded or reduced according to host range in a specific area, and this assay has made it possible to rapidly screen thousands of Culex spp. bloodmeals to extend our understanding of WNV transmission patterns. C1 [Thiemann, T. C.; Brault, A. C.; Reisen, W. K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brault, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Ernest, H. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Wildlife & Ecol Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Reisen, WK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wkreisen@ucdavis.edu OI /0000-0002-0205-8818 FU Biodefense Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA); NIH Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence [U54 AI065359]; California Mosquito and Vector Control Association Research Foundation; Coachella Valley Mosquito and Vector Control Association; UC Davis Department of Entomology; Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX We would like to thank Jay Well, Lisa Goldberg, Brian Carroll and Stan Langevin for their support and assistance with assay development and Niels Pedersen, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, for use of laboratory space. Funding for this work was provided by grants from the Biodefense Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and the NIH Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence (U54 AI065359) to AC Brault and by grants from the California Mosquito and Vector Control Association Research Foundation and the Coachella Valley Mosquito and Vector Control Association to WK Reisen. TC Thiemann also was supported by a William Hazeltine Student Research Fellowship through the UC Davis Department of Entomology. WK Reisen acknowledges support from the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03093.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 887MA UT WOS:000299930300006 PM 22136215 ER PT J AU Abreu, AG Albaina, A Alpermann, TJ Apkenas, VE Bankhead-Dronnet, S Bergek, S Berumen, ML Cho, CH Clobert, J Coulon, A De Feraudy, D Estonba, A Hankeln, T Hochkirch, A Hsu, TW Huang, TJ Irigoien, X Iriondo, M Kay, KM Kinitz, T Kothera, L Le Henanff, M Lieutier, F Lourdais, O Macrini, CMT Manzano, C Martin, C Morris, VRF Nanninga, G Pardo, MA Plieske, J Pointeau, S Prestegaard, T Quack, M Richard, M Savage, HM Schwarcz, KD Shade, J Simms, EL Solferini, VN Stevens, VM Veith, M Wen, MJ Wicker, F Yost, JM Zarraonaindia, I AF Abreu, Aluana G. Albaina, A. Alpermann, Tilman J. Apkenas, Vanessa E. Bankhead-Dronnet, S. Bergek, Sara Berumen, Michael L. Cho, Chang-Hung Clobert, Jean Coulon, Aurelie De Feraudy, D. Estonba, A. Hankeln, Thomas Hochkirch, Axel Hsu, Tsai-Wen Huang, Tsurng-Juhn Irigoien, X. Iriondo, M. Kay, Kathleen M. Kinitz, Tim Kothera, Linda Le Henanff, Maxime Lieutier, F. Lourdais, Olivier Macrini, Camila M. T. Manzano, C. Martin, C. Morris, Veronica R. F. Nanninga, Gerrit Pardo, M. A. Plieske, Joerg Pointeau, S. Prestegaard, Tore Quack, Markus Richard, Murielle Savage, Harry M. Schwarcz, Kaiser D. Shade, Jessica Simms, Ellen L. Solferini, Vera N. Stevens, Virginie M. Veith, Michael Wen, Mei-Juan Wicker, Florian Yost, Jennifer M. Zarraonaindia, I. CA Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev C TI Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2011-30 November 2011 SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article AB This article documents the addition of 139 microsatellite marker loci and 90 pairs of single-nucleotide polymorphism sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Aglaoctenus lagotis, Costus pulverulentus, Costus scaber, Culex pipiens, Dascyllus marginatus, Lupinus nanus Benth, Phloeomyzus passerini, Podarcis muralis, Rhododendron rubropilosum Hayata var. taiwanalpinum and Zoarces viviparus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Culex quinquefasciatus, Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hay. ssp. morii (Hay.) Yamazaki and R.pseudochrysanthum Hayata. This article also documents the addition of 48 sequencing primer pairs and 90 allele-specific primers for Engraulis encrasicolus. C1 [Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev C] Mol Ecol Resources Editorial Off, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Abreu, Aluana G.; Schwarcz, Kaiser D.] APTA Polo Centro2Sul, BR-13400297 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Albaina, A.; Estonba, A.; Iriondo, M.; Manzano, C.; Zarraonaindia, I.] Basque Country Univ UPV EHU, Dept Genet, Genet Lab, Leioa 48940, Spain. [Alpermann, Tilman J.] LOEWE Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BiK F, Trop Marine Ecosyst Grp, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Alpermann, Tilman J.; Wicker, Florian] Senckenberg Res Inst, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Alpermann, Tilman J.; Wicker, Florian] Nat Hist Museum, Ichthyol Sect, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Apkenas, Vanessa E.; Kay, Kathleen M.; Yost, Jennifer M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bankhead-Dronnet, S.; De Feraudy, D.; Lieutier, F.; Martin, C.; Pointeau, S.] Univ Orleans, Lab Biol Ligneux & Grandes Cultures, UPRES EA 1207, FR-45067 Orleans 2, France. [Bergek, Sara] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Resources, Inst Coastal Res, S-74242 Oregrund, Sweden. [Berumen, Michael L.; Nanninga, Gerrit] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Red Sea Res Ctr, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia. [Berumen, Michael L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Cho, Chang-Hung; Hsu, Tsai-Wen; Huang, Tsurng-Juhn; Wen, Mei-Juan] China Med Univ, Res Ctr Biodivers, Taichung 404, Taiwan. [Cho, Chang-Hung; Hsu, Tsai-Wen; Huang, Tsurng-Juhn; Wen, Mei-Juan] China Med Univ, Grad Inst Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Taichung 404, Taiwan. [Clobert, Jean; Stevens, Virginie M.] CNRS, Stn Ecol Expt, CNRS USR 2936, F-09200 Moulis, France. [Coulon, Aurelie] CNRS, UPMC, MNHN, Dept Ecol & Gest Biodiversite,UMR 7204, F-91800 Brunoy, France. [Hankeln, Thomas] GENterprise Genom, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Hochkirch, Axel; Kinitz, Tim; Quack, Markus; Veith, Michael] Univ Trier, Dept Biogeog, D-54286 Trier, Germany. [Irigoien, X.] AZTI Tecnalia, Div Marine Res, Pasaia 20110, Gipuzkoa, Spain. [Kothera, Linda; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Le Henanff, Maxime; Lourdais, Olivier] CNRS, Ctr Etudes Biol Chize, UPR 1934, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Le Henanff, Maxime] Univ Poitiers, F-86022 Poitiers, France. [Macrini, Camila M. T.; Schwarcz, Kaiser D.; Solferini, Vera N.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, BR-13083297 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Morris, Veronica R. F.; Shade, Jessica; Simms, Ellen L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Morris, Veronica R. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pardo, M. A.] AZTI Tecnalia, Food Res Unit, Derio 48160, Spain. [Plieske, Joerg] TraitGenetics, D-06466 Stadt Seeland Ot Gatersl, Germany. [Prestegaard, Tore] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Inst Freshwater Res, Dept Aquat Resources, S-17893 Drottningholm, Sweden. [Richard, Murielle] CNRS, UPMC, ENS, Lab Ecol & Evolut,UMR 7625, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Abreu, AG (reprint author), APTA Polo Centro2Sul, Rodovia SP 127,Km 30,CP 28, BR-13400297 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RI Richard, Murielle/E-9718-2013; Abreu, Aluana/L-7772-2013; Huang, Tsurng-Juhn/L-8152-2013; Albaina, Aitor/E-6267-2015; Irigoien, Xabier/B-8171-2009; SGIKER, Cienciometria/A-5759-2012; Hochkirch, Axel/A-4092-2008; Hochkirch, Axel/E-7891-2011; Biodiversity & Climate Res Ctr, BiK-F/C-4266-2012; Solferini, Vera/E-9121-2012; Bankhead-Dronnet, Stephanie/J-2358-2012; Berumen, Michael/F-7745-2011 OI Carine, Martin/0000-0001-8170-949X; Nanninga, Gerrit/0000-0002-0134-1689; Iriondo, Mikel/0000-0001-7835-0041; Manzano, Carmen /0000-0002-8261-0608; Abreu, Aluana/0000-0003-2765-3741; Huang, Tsurng-Juhn/0000-0002-2189-5486; Albaina, Aitor/0000-0003-3353-6090; Irigoien, Xabier/0000-0002-5411-6741; Hochkirch, Axel/0000-0002-4475-0394; Solferini, Vera/0000-0001-6582-1449; Berumen, Michael/0000-0003-2463-2742 NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 374 EP 376 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03109.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 887MA UT WOS:000299930300021 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Looker, AC Tosteson, ANA Johansson, H Kanis, JA Melton, LJ AF Dawson-Hughes, B. Looker, A. C. Tosteson, A. N. A. Johansson, H. Kanis, J. A. Melton, L. J., III TI The potential impact of the National Osteoporosis Foundation guidance on treatment eligibility in the USA: an update in NHANES 2005-2008 SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bone mineral density; Dawson-Hughes, B.; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; National Osteoporosis Foundation Clinician's Guide; Osteoporosis ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; PHARMACOLOGICAL-TREATMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; GUIDELINES; WOMEN; OLDER; PROPORTION; MEN; HIP AB This analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 data describes the prevalence of risk factors for osteoporosis and the proportions of men and postmenopausal women age 50 years and older who are candidates for treatment to lower fracture risk, according to the new Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX)-based National Osteoporosis Foundation Clinician's Guide. It is important to update estimates of the proportions of the older US population considered eligible for pharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis for purposes of understanding the health care burden of this disease. This is a cross-sectional study of the NHANES 2005-2008 data in 3,608 men and women aged 50 years and older. Variables in the analysis included race/ethnicity, age, lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density, risk factor profiles, and FRAX 10-year fracture probabilities. The prevalence of osteoporosis of the femoral neck ranged from 6.0% in non-Hispanic black to 12.6% in Mexican American women. Spinal osteoporosis was more prevalent among Mexican American women (24.4%) than among either non-Hispanic blacks (5.3%) or non-Hispanic whites (10.9%). Treatment eligibility was similar in Mexican American and non-Hispanic white women (32.0% and 32.8%) and higher than it was in non-Hispanic black women (11.0%). Treatment eligibility among men was 21.1% in non-Hispanic whites, 12.6% in Mexican Americans, and 3.0% in non-Hispanic blacks. Nineteen percent of older men and 30% of older women in the USA are at sufficient risk for fracture to warrant consideration for pharmacotherapy. C1 [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Looker, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Multidisciplinary Clin Res Ctr Musculoskeletal Di, Lebanon, NH USA. [Tosteson, A. N. A.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dartmouth Inst Hlth Policy & Clin Practice, Lebanon, NH USA. [Johansson, H.; Kanis, J. A.] Univ Sheffield, Sch Med, WHO Collaborating Ctr Metab Bone Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Bess.Dawson-Hughes@Tufts.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 24 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 811 EP 820 DI 10.1007/s00198-011-1694-y PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 891XW UT WOS:000300251200002 PM 21717247 ER PT J AU Violanti, JM Fekedulegn, D Andrew, ME Charles, LE Hartley, TA Vila, B Burchfiel, CM AF Violanti, John M. Fekedulegn, Desta Andrew, Michael E. Charles, Luenda E. Hartley, Tara A. Vila, Bryan Burchfiel, Cecil M. TI Shift work and the incidence of injury among police officers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE police; occupational injury; shift work; work hours; fatigue; sleep; activity levels ID OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; DOSE-RESPONSE; SAFETY; RESTRICTION; ACCIDENTS; IMPACT; RISK AB Background Police officers may be injury prone due to fatigue, erratic work hours, and insufficient sleep. This study explored injury incidence among police officers across shifts. Methods Day-to-day shift data from computerized payroll records (1994-2010) were available from a mid-sized urban police department (n = 430). Sleep duration, shift activity level, returning to work after days off, and injury incidence over time were also examined. Results Age-adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for injury on the midnight shift was 72% larger than the day shift (IRR 1.72; 95% CI 1.26-2.36) and 66% larger than the afternoon shift (IRR 1.66; 95% CI 1.23-2.25). Injury incidence for the first day back on the midnight shift was 69% larger than day shift (IRR 1.69; 95% CI 1.23-2.32) and 54% larger than the afternoon shift (IRR 1.54; 95% CI 1.36-1.76). High activity level combined with midnight shift work put officers at increased injury risk (IRR 2.31; P 0.0003). Probability of remaining free of injury was significantly higher for day shift than midnight shift (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Higher injury risk was associated with night shift work in police officers. Night shift combined with high work activity was strongly associated with injury risk. There was a significantly higher probability of not being injured on day compared to midnight or afternoon shifts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55: 217-227, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.; Charles, Luenda E.; Hartley, Tara A.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Vila, Bryan] Washington State Univ, Coll Liberal Arts, Dept Criminal Justice, Spokane, WA USA. RP Violanti, JM (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM violanti@buffalo.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [200-2003-01580] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); Contract grant number: 200-2003-01580. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 217 EP 227 DI 10.1002/ajim.22007 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 889AE UT WOS:000300045100003 PM 22228219 ER PT J AU Yu, SF Lu, ML Gu, GZ Zhou, WH He, LH Wang, S AF Yu, Shanfa Lu, Ming-Lun Gu, Guizhen Zhou, Wenhui He, Lihua Wang, Sheng TI Musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors in a large sample of Chinese workers in henan province of China SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE musculoskeletal symptoms; Chinese workers; physical job characteristics; psychosocial factors; personal factors ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; UPPER EXTREMITY DISORDERS; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; WORKING-CONDITIONS; COMPUTER USERS; NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; JOB STRAIN; NECK PAIN; POPULATION AB Objective To investigate the one-year prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors in a large sample of Chinese workers in various industrial settings. Methods A total of 5,338 (3,632 males and 1,706 females) workers from 13 companies participated in this study. Musculoskeletal symptoms in different body regions in the previous year and their risk factors were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the individual, work-related physical and psychosocial risk factors for the musculoskeletal symptoms. Results The most commonly affected body regions among the workers were lower back (59.7%), neck (48.6%), shoulders (38.8%), and wrists (33.5%). Female workers had greater prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck, shoulders, and wrists than male workers. Results of multivariate analyses indicated that individual, work-related physical and psychosocial factors were associated with the musculoskeletal symptoms. Conclusion The results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing musculoskeletal symptoms in the Chinese working population should take into account multiple risk areas including individual, physical job characteristics and work-related psychosocial factors. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55: 281-293, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Lu, Ming-Lun] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Yu, Shanfa; Gu, Guizhen; Zhou, Wenhui] Henan Prov Inst Occupat Hlth, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China. [He, Lihua; Wang, Sheng] Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Lu, ML (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mlu@cdc.gov FU National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program, China [2006BA I06B 08] FX We are grateful to all the volunteers who participated in this study. The authors express deepest appreciation to Mr. Shiyi Sun, Xiaofa Yang, Shouming Cui, Haisheng Wang, Shule Yang, and Zengchao Wang for their help in the study. This research was supported by National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program (2006BA I06B 08), China. NR 70 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 281 EP 293 DI 10.1002/ajim.21037 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 889AE UT WOS:000300045100010 PM 22125090 ER PT J AU Antao, VC Larson, TC Horton, DK AF Antao, Vinicius C. Larson, Theodore C. Horton, D. Kevin TI Libby vermiculite exposure and risk of developing asbestos-related lung and pleural diseases SO CURRENT OPINION IN PULMONARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE amphibole; asbestos; Libby; respiratory diseases; vermiculite ID CONTAMINATED VERMICULITE; TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE; RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES; FIBROUS TREMOLITE; CHEST RADIOGRAPHS; MONTANA; MORTALITY; MINERS; COHORT; HEALTH AB Purpose of review The vermiculite ore formerly mined in Libby, Montana, contains asbestiform amphibole fibers of winchite, richterite, and tremolite asbestos. Because of the public health impact of widespread occupational and nonoccupational exposure to amphiboles in Libby vermiculite, numerous related studies have been published in recent years. Here we review current research related to this issue. Recent findings Excess morbidity and mortality classically associated with asbestos exposure have been well documented among persons exposed to Libby vermiculite. Excess morbidity and mortality have likewise been documented among persons with only nonoccupational exposure. A strong exposure-response relationship exists for many malignant and nonmalignant outcomes and the most common outcome, pleural plaques, may occur at low lifetime cumulative exposures. Summary The public health situation related to Libby, Montana, has led to huge investments in public health actions and research. The resulting studies have added much to the body of knowledge concerning health effects of exposures to Libby amphibole fibers specifically and asbestos exposure in general. C1 [Antao, Vinicius C.; Larson, Theodore C.; Horton, D. Kevin] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Antao, VC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM VAntao@cdc.gov RI Antao, Vinicius/B-5395-2013 OI Antao, Vinicius/0000-0002-8201-9973 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1070-5287 EI 1531-6971 J9 CURR OPIN PULM MED JI Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834e897d PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 890ZZ UT WOS:000300187200012 PM 22139761 ER PT J AU Hinckley, AF Biggerstaff, BJ Griffith, KS Mead, PS AF Hinckley, A. F. Biggerstaff, B. J. Griffith, K. S. Mead, P. S. TI Transmission dynamics of primary pneumonic plague in the USA SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Emergency preparedness; humans; plague; transmission; USA ID BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM; SARS; EPIDEMIC AB Plague is thought to have killed millions during three catastrophic pandemics. Primary pneumonic plague, the most severe form of the disease, is transmissible from person-to-person and has the potential for propagating epidemics. Efforts to quantify its transmission potential have relied on published data from large outbreaks, an approach that artificially inflates the basic reproductive number (R-0) and skews the distribution of individual infectiousness. Using data for all primary pneumonic plague cases reported in the USA from 1900 to 2009, we determined that the majority of cases will fail to transmit, even in the absence of antimicrobial treatment or prophylaxis. Nevertheless, potential for sustained outbreaks still exists due to superspreading events. These findings challenge current concepts regarding primary pneumonic plague transmission. C1 [Hinckley, A. F.; Biggerstaff, B. J.; Griffith, K. S.; Mead, P. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Hinckley, AF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ahinckley@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed in the publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U.S. government. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 140 IS 3 BP 554 EP 560 DI 10.1017/S0950268811001245 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 886UB UT WOS:000299878300023 PM 21733272 ER PT J AU Lowther, SA Shinoda, N Juni, BA Theodore, MJ Wang, X Jawahir, SL Jackson, ML Cohn, A Danila, R Lynfield, R AF Lowther, S. A. Shinoda, N. Juni, B. A. Theodore, M. J. Wang, X. Jawahir, S. L. Jackson, M. L. Cohn, A. Danila, R. Lynfield, R. CA Hib Survey Team TI Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, vaccination, and H. influenzae carriage in children in Minnesota, 2008-2009 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Carriage; children; epidemiology; Haemophilus influenzae; survey; vaccination ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTABLE DISEASES; UNITED-KINGDOM; IMPACT; POPULATION; REFUSAL; ALASKA AB An increase in invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) cases occurred in Minnesota in 2008 after the recommended deferral of the 12-15 months Hib vaccine boosters during a US vaccine shortage. Five invasive Hib cases (one death) occurred in children; four had incomplete Hib vaccination (three refused/delayed); one was immunodeficient. Subsequently, we evaluated Hib carriage and vaccination. From 18 clinics near Hib cases, children (aged 4 weeks-60 months) were surveyed for pharyngeal Hib carriage. Records were compared for Hib, diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP), and pneumococcal (PCV-7) vaccination. Parents completed questionnaires on carriage risk factors and vaccination beliefs. In 1631 children (February-March 2009), no Hib carriage was detected; Hib vaccination was less likely to be completed than DTaP and PCV-7. Non-type b H. influenzae, detected in 245 (15%) children, was associated with: male sex, age 24-60 months, daycare attendance >15 h/week, a household smoker, and Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity. In 2009, invasive Hib disease occurred in two children caused by the same strain that circulated in 2008. Hib remains a risk for vulnerable/unvaccinated children, although Hib carriage is not widespread in young children. C1 [Lowther, S. A.; Jackson, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lowther, S. A.; Shinoda, N.; Juni, B. A.; Jawahir, S. L.; Danila, R.; Lynfield, R.] MDH, St Paul, MN USA. [Theodore, M. J.; Wang, X.; Jackson, M. L.; Cohn, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lowther, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgl6@cdc.gov FU CDC [5U01CI000313-05, CFDA: 93.283] FX This survey was funded in part, by the Emerging Infections Program - CDC Research Project Cooperative Agreement Grant no. 5U01CI000313-05, CFDA: 93.283. N. Shinoda was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and funded by CDC Cooperative Agreement U60/CCU007277. The authors thank the staff at all participating Hib survey sites, and thank Tom Hennessy and Jay Wenger for their input and review of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 140 IS 3 BP 566 EP 574 DI 10.1017/S0950268811000793 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 886UB UT WOS:000299878300025 PM 21676359 ER PT J AU Maurer, J Harris, KM Black, CL Euler, GL AF Maurer, Juergen Harris, Katherine M. Black, Carla L. Euler, Gary L. TI Support for Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Requirements among US Healthcare Personnel SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; MANDATORY VACCINATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HOME STAFF; WORKERS; MORTALITY; PREVENTION AB OBJECTIVE. To measure support for seasonal influenza vaccination requirements among US healthcare personnel (HCP) and its associations with attitudes regarding influenza and influenza vaccination and self-reported coverage by existing vaccination requirements. DESIGN. Between June 1 and June 30, 2010, we surveyed a sample of US HCP (n = 1,664) recruited using an existing probability-based online research panel of participants representing the US general population as a sampling frame. SETTING. General community. PARTICIPANTS. Eligible HCP who (1) reported having worked as medical doctors, health technologists, healthcare support staff, or other health practitioners or who (2) reported having worked in hospitals, ambulatory care facilities, long-term care facilities, or other health-related settings. METHODS. We analyzed support for seasonal influenza vaccination requirements for HCP using proportion estimation and multivariable probit models. RESULTS. A total of 57.4% (95% confidence interval, 53.3%-61.5%) of US HCP agreed that HCP should be required to be vaccinated for seasonal influenza. Support for mandatory vaccination was statistically significantly higher among HCP who were subject to employer-based influenza vaccination requirements, who considered influenza to be a serious disease, and who agreed that influenza vaccine was safe and effective. CONCLUSIONS. A majority of HCP support influenza vaccination requirements. Moreover, providing HCP with information about the safety of influenza vaccination and communicating that immunization of HCP is a patient safety issue may be important for generating staff support for influenza vaccination requirements. C1 [Maurer, Juergen] Univ Lausanne, Inst Hlth Econ & Management, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Maurer, Juergen; Harris, Katherine M.] RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [Black, Carla L.; Euler, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Maurer, J (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Inst Hlth Econ & Management, Route Chavannes 31, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM jurgen.maurer@unil.ch FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1086/664056 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 888YU UT WOS:000300041400001 PM 22314055 ER PT J AU Magill, SS Hellinger, W Cohen, J Kay, R Bailey, C Boland, B Carey, D de Guzman, J Dominguez, K Edwards, J Goraczewski, L Horan, T Miller, M Phelps, M Saltford, R Seibert, J Smith, B Starling, P Viergutz, B Walsh, K Rathore, M Guzman, N Fridkin, S AF Magill, Shelley S. Hellinger, Walter Cohen, Jessica Kay, Robyn Bailey, Christine Boland, Bonnie Carey, Darlene de Guzman, Jessica Dominguez, Karen Edwards, Jonathan Goraczewski, Lori Horan, Teresa Miller, Melodee Phelps, Marti Saltford, Rebecca Seibert, Jacquelyn Smith, Brenda Starling, Patricia Viergutz, Bonnie Walsh, Karla Rathore, Mobeen Guzman, Nilmarie Fridkin, Scott TI Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals in Jacksonville, Florida SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED INFECTIONS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; ANTIBIOTIC USE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; SURVEILLANCE AB OBJECTIVE. To determine healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevalence in 9 hospitals in Jacksonville, Florida; to evaluate the performance of proxy indicators for HAIs; and to refine methodology in preparation for a multistate survey. DESIGN. Point prevalence survey. PATIENTS. Acute care inpatients of any age. METHODS. HAIs were defined using National Healthcare Safety Network criteria. In each facility a trained primary team (PT) of infection prevention (IP) staff performed the survey on 1 day, reviewing records and collecting data on a random sample of inpatients. PTs assessed patients with one or more proxy indicators (abnormal white blood cell count, abnormal temperature, or antimicrobial therapy) for the presence of HAIs. An external IP expert team collected data from a subset of patient records reviewed by PTs to assess proxy indicator performance and PT data collection. RESULTS. Of 851 patients surveyed by PTs, 51 had one or more HAIs (6.0%; 95% confidence interval, 4.5%-7.7%). Surgical site infections (n = 18), urinary tract infections (n = 9), pneumonia (n = 9), and bloodstream infections (n = 8) accounted for 75.8% of 58 HAIs detected by PTs. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen, causing 9 HAIs (15.5%). Antimicrobial therapy was the most sensitive proxy indicator, identifying 95.5% of patients with HAIs. CONCLUSIONS. HAI prevalence in this pilot was similar to that reported in the 1970s by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control. Antimicrobial therapy was a sensitive screening variable with which to identify those patients at higher risk for infection and reduce data collection burden. Additional work is needed on validation and feasibility to extend this methodology to a national scale. C1 [Magill, Shelley S.; Cohen, Jessica; Edwards, Jonathan; Horan, Teresa; Fridkin, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hellinger, Walter; Goraczewski, Lori; Seibert, Jacquelyn; Smith, Brenda] Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Cohen, Jessica] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Kay, Robyn] Florida Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Bailey, Christine; Rathore, Mobeen] Wolfson Childrens Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Boland, Bonnie; Walsh, Karla] Baptist Med Ctr Downtown, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Carey, Darlene] Univ Florida, Shands Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. [de Guzman, Jessica; Starling, Patricia] Baptist Med Ctr Beaches, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Dominguez, Karen; Phelps, Marti] St Vincents Med Ctr, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Miller, Melodee] Orange Pk Med Ctr, Orange Pk, FL USA. [Saltford, Rebecca] Baptist Med Ctr S, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Viergutz, Bonnie] St Lukes Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Magill, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smagill@cdc.gov FU CDC Foundation through Astellas; CDC Foundation through Pfizer; CDC FX This study was supported by the CDC Foundation through grants from Astellas and Pfizer and by the CDC. NR 40 TC 64 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1086/664048 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 888YU UT WOS:000300041400012 PM 22314066 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Wortley, PM AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Perspectives of Allergists/Immunologists on the 2009-2010 H1N1 Vaccination Effort SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE allergist; asthma; H1N1; immunologist; influenza; survey; vaccine ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; VIRUS-INFECTION; CHILDREN; ASTHMA; ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; CALIFORNIA; ATTITUDES AB Background. Persons with high-risk conditions such as asthma were a target group for national H1N1 vaccine recommendations. Allergists/immunologists (allergists) are a provider group that could vaccinate persons with asthma and other high-risk conditions. Their level of participation in and experiences with the 2009-2010 H1N1 vaccination campaign are unknown. Objective. To describe the experiences of allergists related to the 2009-2010 H1N1 vaccination campaign. Methods. A cross-sectional, mailed survey of a national sample of 1955 allergists providing outpatient care was conducted in June-September 2010. Results. The overall response rate was 72%. Most allergists "strongly recommended" H1N1 vaccine for children, and most "recommended" or "strongly recommended" vaccine for adults. The majority (71%) agreed to participate in the H1N1 vaccine campaign and received vaccine. Vaccine supply was a significant challenge, but otherwise few major problems were experienced with administering H1N1 vaccine. The majority of respondents, particularly among those who participated in the 2009-2010 H1N1 vaccination campaign, felt they would be very likely to vaccinate in the event of future influenza pandemic. Conclusions. The experiences of allergists in the H1N1 vaccine campaign were generally positive. Most allergists are willing to serve as vaccinators in future influenza pandemics, which will help facilitate broad access to vaccine for patients with asthma and other high-risk conditions. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 N Ingalls,Rm 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@umich.edu FU CDC FX This study was funded by the CDC through a cooperative agreement with the Association of Prevention Teaching and Research. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD MAR PY 2012 VL 49 IS 2 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.654301 PG 6 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 889AT UT WOS:000300046600012 PM 22300193 ER PT J AU Choi, YH Hu, H Tak, S Mukherjee, B Park, SK AF Choi, Yoon-Hyeong Hu, Howard Tak, SangWoo Mukherjee, Bhramar Park, Sung Kyun TI Occupational noise exposure assessment using O*NET and its application to a study of hearing loss in the US general population SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; WORKERS; BURDEN AB Objectives Although occupational noise is a well known risk factor for hearing loss, little epidemiological evidence has been reported on its association with hearing loss in the general population, in part, because of the difficulty in exposure assessment. This study introduced a quantitative occupational noise exposure assessment tool using the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) database and evaluated its applicability for epidemiological research using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004. Methods The O*NET noise exposure data were assessed by questionnaires across numerous occupations, asking the frequency of exposure to sounds and noise levels that are distracting and uncomfortable (with five possible responses from 'never' to 'every day'). Means of the O*NET noise scores were computed to correspond to NHANES occupational categories and assigned to 3828 adults aged 20-69 years, who participated in the 1999-2004 NHANES. Pure-tone averages (PTA) of hearing thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz were computed, and hearing loss was defined as a PTA >25 dB in either ear. Linear and logistic regression models with either continuous or quintiles of the O*NET noise scores were fitted on log-transformed PTA and binary hearing loss, respectively. Results Noise scores ranged from 1.80 to 4.37 with mean +/- SE of 3.06 +/- 0.02. After controlling for potential confounders, the highest (vs lowest) noise score quintile had a 22.5% (95% CI 11.0% to 35.2%) increase in PTA, and there was a linear dose-dependent trend across the quintiles of noise scores (p trend<0.0001). The adjusted OR for hearing loss comparing the highest with the lowest noise score quintiles was 2.1 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.6). Conclusion This study suggests that the O*NET noise score is a useful tool for examining occupational noise-induced health effects in the general population in the absence of actual occupational noise exposure assessment data. C1 [Choi, Yoon-Hyeong; Hu, Howard; Park, Sung Kyun] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hu, Howard; Park, Sung Kyun] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Tak, SangWoo] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mukherjee, Bhramar] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Park, SK (reprint author), M5541 SPH 2,1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM sungkyun@umich.edu OI Hu, Howard/0000-0002-3676-2707 FU National Institute of Environment Health Sciences [K01-ES016587]; Center for Occupational Health and Safety Engineering (COHSE) at the University of Michigan; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [2T42OH008455]; National Institutes of Health FX This study was supported by the National Institute of Environment Health Sciences grants K01-ES016587. This research was also supported in part by a pilot project research training grant from the Center for Occupational Health and Safety Engineering (COHSE) at the University of Michigan. COHSE, an Education and Research Center, is supported by training grant No. 2T42OH008455 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the author(s) and do not represent official views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Other funders: National Institutes of Health. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 69 IS 3 BP 176 EP 183 DI 10.1136/oem.2011.064758 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 890VD UT WOS:000300172800005 PM 21725070 ER PT J AU Brady, T AF Brady, Teresa TI Strategies to Support Self-Management in Osteoarthritis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article DE osteoarthritis; self-management; self-management support ID WEIGHT-LOSS; CHRONIC ILLNESS; CHRONIC DISEASE; RHEUMATIC-DISEASES; EDUCATION-PROGRAMS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; OLDER-ADULTS; PRIMARY-CARE; ARTHRITIS AB This overview of successful strategies for supporting self-management in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) defines the concepts of self-management, self-management support (SMS), and self-management education (SME); describes five categories of SMS interventions; identifies common elements across SMS categories; and provides evidence for and examples of self-management tools that are useful in OA. SMS categories include SME, other skill-building and behavior-change interventions, supportive provider interactions, ongoing supportive follow-up, and environmental changes. Where available, relevant OA-specific SMS strategies are used to illustrate these categories. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthritis Program, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brady, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthritis Program, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tob9@cdc.gov NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 112 SU 1 BP S54 EP S60 DI 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000412653.56291.ab PG 7 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 104JD UT WOS:000315987800010 PM 22373749 ER PT J AU Murphy, L Helmick, CG AF Murphy, Louise Helmick, Charles G. TI The Impact of Osteoarthritis in the United States: A Population-Health Perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; osteoarthritis; population-based studies ID SYMPTOMATIC KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; OF-RHEUMATOLOGY CRITERIA; SURGEON PROCEDURE VOLUME; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; ARTHRITIS; OBESITY; CLASSIFICATION AB Arthritis, of which osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type, is the most frequent cause of disability among adults in the United States. The authors reviewed the epidemiologic literature to identify studies that describe the population-based burden of OA-that is, the burden in all adults in the community. They found that 27 million adults-more than 10% of the U.S. adult population-had clinical OA in 2005, and in 2009 OA was the fourth most common cause of hospitalization. OA is the leading indication for joint replacement surgery; 905,000 knee and hip replacements were performed in 2009 at a cost of $42.3 billion. Obesity is a strong risk factor for OA of the knee and hip. Nurses can improve the quality of life of people with OA by raising awareness among their patients and peers of the substantial OA burden and the strategies, such as physical activity, that can reduce it. C1 [Murphy, Louise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Murphy, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lmurphy1@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 5 U2 24 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0002-936X EI 1538-7488 J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 112 SU 1 BP S13 EP S19 DI 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000412646.80054.21 PG 7 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 104JD UT WOS:000315987800003 PM 22373741 ER PT J AU Heneine, W Kashuba, A AF Heneine, Walid Kashuba, Angela TI HIV Prevention by Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis SO COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; VAGINAL TRANSMISSION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; MACAQUES; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; CHALLENGES AB The impressive advances in antiretroviral (ARV) therapy of chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections during the last decade and the availability of potent ARV drugs have fueled interest in using chemoprophylaxis as a novel HIV prevention strategy. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) refers to the use of ARV drugs in HIV-negative persons to prevent HIV infection. The rationale for PrEP builds on the success of ARV prophylaxis in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV and on a large body of animal studies that show the efficacy of PrEP against mucosal and parenteral infection. We focus on oral administration of ARV drugs for prevention of HIV infection. Identifying an effective prophylactic pill that individuals can take outside the setting of sexual intercourse precludes the necessity to disclose such use to their partners, thereby empowering those who might not be in a position to negotiate with their partners. Several human clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of daily regimens of the HIV reverse-transcriptase (RT) inhibitors tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or Truvada (TDF and emtricitabine [FTC]) are under way among high-risk populations. The results of one trial among men who have sex with men showed that daily Truvada was safe and effective, providing the first support for oral PrEP as a prevention strategy. Here we outline the preclinical and clinical research on oral PrEP, pharmacologic considerations, and future directions and challenges. C1 [Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kashuba, Angela] Univ N Carolina, Div Pharmacotherapy & Expt Therapeut, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kashuba, Angela] Univ N Carolina, UNC Ctr AIDS Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Heneine, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wheneine@cdc.gov; akashuba@unc.edu RI Ghartouchent, malek/B-9088-2012 NR 50 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 2157-1422 J9 CSH PERSPECT MED JI Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 2 IS 3 AR a007419 DI 10.1101/cshperspect.a007419 PG 13 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 080WL UT WOS:000314274700006 PM 22393535 ER PT J AU Harrison, BA Ruiz-Lopez, F Falero, GC Savage, HM Pecor, JE Wilkerson, RC AF Harrison, Bruce A. Ruiz-Lopez, Freddy Falero, Guillermo Calderon Savage, Harry M. Pecor, James E. Wilkerson, Richard C. TI Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus (Diptera: Culicidae), not the malaria vector we thought it was: Revised male and female morphology; larva, pupa, and male genitalia characters; and molecular verification SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Anopheles lepidotus; Anopheles pholidotus; redescription; key; morphology; ITS2; COI; malaria ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; PLASMODIUM-KNOWLESI; SUBGENUS KERTESZIA; SPECIES COMPLEX; CRUZII; DNA; POPULATIONS; PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCES; AMAZON AB The name Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus Zavortink, commonly used for an important malaria vector in the eastern cordillera of the Andes, is here corrected to An. pholidotus Zavortink. We discovered that An. (Ker.) specimens from Peru, and reared-associated specimens from Ecuador, had unambiguous habitus characters that matched those on the male holotype of An. lepidotus. However, the specimens do not exhibit characters of the female allotype and female paratypes of An. lepidotus, which are actually An. pholidotus. Our specimens are the first correctly associated females of An. lepidotus, which allow us to provide a new morphological interpretation for the adult habitus of this species. This finding is also corroborated by molecular data from a portion of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene and ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (rDNA ITS2). The pupal stage of An. lepidotus is described for the first time, and additional larval characters are also noted. Diagnostic morphological characters for the adult, pupal, and larval stages of An. pholidotus are provided to separate the two species. All stages of An. lepidotus are easily separated from other currently known species in subgenus Kerteszia and a new key to the females of An. (Kerteszia) is given. Previously published distribution, bionomics, and medical significance data are corrected and enhanced. C1 [Ruiz-Lopez, Freddy; Pecor, James E.; Wilkerson, Richard C.] Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Smithsonian Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Pecor, James E.; Wilkerson, Richard C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Entomol Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Smithsonian Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM skeeterdoc@gmail.com; ruizj@si.edu; calderon_entomol@hotmail.com; hms1@cdc.gov; pecorj@si.edu; wilkersonr@si.edu FU National Research Council, National Academy of Science, Washington, DC; BOSTID [MVR-PE-4-84-35]; Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit (WRBU); National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC; National Institutes of Health [2R01AI054139] FX We gratefully acknowledge the National Research Council, National Academy of Science, Washington, DC, for support with BOSTID Grant No. MVR-PE-4-84-35, the Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit (WRBU), National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, National Institutes of Health grant 2R01AI054139 to Jan Conn, the Instituto Nacional de Salud, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Peru, the Naval Medical Research Institute (NAMRID), Lima Detachment, Lima, Peru, and to Kelly Swing and the staff at the Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, who made collections of crucial specimens for this study possible. We are very grateful to LCDR Chris H. Gardiner, for local assistance in Lima and in Junin Province. The hard field and laboratory work of Roberto Falcone and Victor Zambrano in Peru was of great value to the study. Special thanks are also due Taina Litwak for the beautiful illustrations, Judith Stoffer for the photomicrographs and their preparation for publication. We also appreciate the helpful and constructive edits and comments provided by Ralph Harbach, Anice Sallum, and Yvonne-Marie Linton. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 1 PY 2012 IS 3218 BP 1 EP 17 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 903LH UT WOS:000301117500001 ER PT J AU Ward, BW AF Ward, B. W. TI Adoptive parents' suspicion of preadoption abuse of their adopted children and the use of support services SO CHILD CARE HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE adoption; adoptive parent; National Survey of Adoptive Parents; preadoption abuse; support service ID MENTAL-HEALTH; SEXUAL ABUSE; FOSTER-CARE; FAMILIES; IMPACT; BEHAVIOR AB Background Adopted children have a higher risk of developmental, mental, behavioural and social problems compared with non-adopted children, and their use of postadoption support services is of interest. Little attention has been given to the impact of preadoption abuse on the use of these services, and therefore this study examines whether or not adoptive parents' suspicion of preadoption abuse has a significant impact on the use of support services by adopted children. Methods Data from the National Survey of Adoptive Parents, a US nationally representative survey of adopted children, were used to examine parents' suspicion of preadoption abuse and its effects on the use of postadoption support services by children aged 6-17 years (n = 1411). Statistical analyses were used to examine the relationship between suspected abuse and the use of support services while controlling for characteristics of the adopted child and adoptive parents/household. Results Seven out of 10 adopted children have used some form of support service, and a larger percentage of 6-to 12-year-old children suspected of experiencing preadoption abuse used a support service compared with children not suspected of experiencing abuse. Significant relationships existed between various types of suspected preadoption abuse and the use of different types of postadoption support services. These relationships may go unaccounted for when only examining if any preadoption abuse occurred, or if any support service was used. Conclusions The type of preadoption abuse suspected appears to play a modest role in predicting the type of postadoption support services used by an adopted child. Giving further attention to understanding the relationship between different types of preadoption abuse and types of postadoption support services may help better understand the problems and difficulties experienced by adopted children. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ward, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 2330, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM bwward@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0305-1862 J9 CHILD CARE HLTH DEV JI Child Care Health Dev. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 38 IS 2 BP 175 EP 185 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01245.x PG 11 WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Pediatrics GA 885JV UT WOS:000299776100003 PM 21545629 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Gonzalez, V Boulet, SL Visser, SN Rice, CE Braun, KVN Boyle, CA AF Schieve, Laura A. Gonzalez, Vanessa Boulet, Sheree L. Visser, Susanna N. Rice, Catherine E. Braun, Kim Van Naarden Boyle, Coleen A. TI Concurrent medical conditions and health care use and needs among children with learning and behavioral developmental disabilities, National Health Interview Survey, 2006-2010 SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article DE Developmental disabilities; Health services research; Chronic diseases; Epidemiology ID GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; PARENTAL REPORT; AUTISM; COMORBIDITIES; PREVALENCE AB Studies document various associated health risks for children with developmental disabilities (DDs). Further study is needed by disability type. Using the 2006-2010 National Health Interview Surveys, we assessed the prevalence of numerous medical conditions (e.g. asthma, frequent diarrhea/colitis, seizures), health care use measures (e.g. seeing a medical specialist and >9 office visits in past year), health impact measures (e.g. needing help with personal care), and selected indicators of unmet health needs (e.g. unable to afford needed prescription medications) among a nationally representative sample of children ages 3-17 years, with and without DDs. Children in four mutually exclusive developmental disability groups: autism (N = 375), intellectual disability (ID) without autism (N = 238); attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) without autism or ID (N = 2901); and learning disability (LD) or other developmental delay without ADHD, autism, or ID (N = 1955); were compared to children without DDs (N = 35,775) on each condition or health care measure of interest. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated from weighted logistic regression models that accounted for the complex sample design. Prevalence estimates for most medical conditions examined were moderately to markedly higher for children in all four DD groups than children without DDs. Most differences were statistically significant after adjustment for child sex, age, race/ethnicity, and maternal education. Children in all DD groups also had significantly higher estimates for health care use, impact, and unmet needs measures than children without DDs. This study provides empirical evidence that children with DDs require increased pediatric and specialist services, both for their core functional deficits and concurrent medical conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Gonzalez, Vanessa; Boulet, Sheree L.; Visser, Susanna N.; Rice, Catherine E.; Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Boyle, Coleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LSchieve@cdc.gov RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 NR 25 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-4222 J9 RES DEV DISABIL JI Res. Dev. Disabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 467 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.10.008 PG 10 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 880JO UT WOS:000299403600021 PM 22119694 ER PT J AU Mir, MA Lal, RB Sullender, W Singh, Y Garten, R Krishnan, A Broor, S AF Mir, Muneer A. Lal, Renu B. Sullender, Wayne Singh, Yashpal Garten, Rebecca Krishnan, Anand Broor, Shobha TI Genetic diversity of HA1 domain of hemagglutinin gene of pandemic influenza H1N1pdm09 viruses in New Delhi, India SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetic diversity; HA gene; H1N1pdm09; influenza A 2009 (H1N1) ID RECEPTOR-BINDING SPECIFICITY; SUBSTITUTION; IMMUNITY AB Genetic analysis of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1; H1N1pdm09) virus was undertaken to understand virus evolution during 2009 and 2010 in India. Surveillance of influenza viruses from July 2009 to December 2010 revealed major peaks of circulating H1N1pdm09 viruses in AugustSeptember and DecemberJanuary 2009 and then in AugustSeptember 2010. To understand the diversity of the H1N1pdm09 virus, selected specimens (n=23) from 2009 or 2010 were characterized by nucleotide sequence determination of the HA1 subunit of the HA gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 22 clustered with clade 7 viruses characterized by S203T mutations, whereas one virus from 2010 fell within clade 6. None of the viruses from either 2009 or 2010 formed a monophyletic group, suggesting a continuum of independent introduction of circulating viral strains. Amino acid analysis revealed minor amino acid changes in the antigenic or receptor-binding domains. Importantly, we observed mutations that were also present in 1918 pandemic virus, which includes S183P in 4 and S185T mutation in 3 of 13 viruses analyzed from 2010, while none of the 2009 viruses carried these mutations. Whether antibody-mediated pressure is imposing such changes remains to be determined. Continued genetic surveillance is warranted to monitor pathogenicity as the virus evolves to acquire new features. J. Med. Virol. 84:386393, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mir, Muneer A.; Singh, Yashpal; Broor, Shobha] All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. [Lal, Renu B.; Garten, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sullender, Wayne] Univ Alabama, Dept Paediat, Birmingham, AL USA. [Sullender, Wayne] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Krishnan, Anand] All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, New Delhi 110029, India. RP Broor, S (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. EM shobha.broor@gmail.com RI Krishnan, Anand/D-8537-2012; OI Krishnan, Anand/0000-0002-9173-7811 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD MAR PY 2012 VL 84 IS 3 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.1002/jmv.23205 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 875YH UT WOS:000299071300003 PM 22246823 ER PT J AU Weiner, ZP Boyer, AE Gallegos-Candela, M Cardani, AN Barr, JR Glomski, IJ AF Weiner, Zachary P. Boyer, Anne E. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Cardani, Amber N. Barr, John R. Glomski, Ian J. TI Debridement Increases Survival in a Mouse Model of Subcutaneous Anthrax SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; LETHAL TOXIN; EDEMA TOXIN; DENDRITIC CELLS; LYMPH-NODES; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; INJECTIONAL ANTHRAX; INFECTION; MACROPHAGES; MANAGEMENT AB Anthrax is caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming Gram-positive bacterium. A major virulence factor for B. anthracis is an immunomodulatory tripartite exotoxin that has been reported to alter immune cell chemotaxis and activation. It has been proposed that B. anthracis infections initiate through entry of spores into the regional draining lymph nodes where they germinate, grow, and disseminate systemically via the efferent lymphatics. If this model holds true, it would be predicted that surgical removal of infected tissues, debridement, would have little effect on the systemic dissemination of bacteria. This model was tested through the development of a mouse debridement model. It was found that removal of the site of subcutaneous infection in the ear increased the likelihood of survival and reduced the quantity of spores in the draining cervical lymph nodes (cLN). At the time of debridement 12 hours post-injection measurable levels of exotoxins were present in the ear, cLN, and serum, yet leukocytes within the cLN were activated; countering the concept that exotoxins inhibit the early inflammatory response to promote bacterial growth. We conclude that the initial entry of spores into the draining lymph node of cutaneous infections alone is not sufficient to cause systemic disease and that debridement should be considered as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy. C1 [Weiner, Zachary P.; Cardani, Amber N.; Glomski, Ian J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Microbiol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Boyer, Anne E.; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weiner, ZP (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Microbiol, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM iglomski@virginia.edu FU University of Virginia School of Medicine; NIH NIAID [1R21AI082046, 5T32AI704634]; Jeffress Memorial Trust FX The research described in this manuscript was funded by The University of Virginia School of Medicine Dean's allocated funds (IJG, ZPW), NIH NIAID grants 1R21AI082046 (IJG, ZPW) and 5T32AI704634 Infectious Diseases Training Program (ZPW), and The Jeffress Memorial Trust Research Award (IJG). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e30201 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0030201 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 928SI UT WOS:000303003500004 PM 22393351 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Greenlund, KJ Hong, YL AF Ford, Earl S. Greenlund, Kurt J. Hong, Yuling TI Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Mortality From All Causes and Diseases of the Circulatory System Among Adults in the United States SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular diseases; epidemiology; mortality; population; prevention; risk factors ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LIFE-STYLE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; LARGE COHORTS; MIDDLE-AGE; AMERICAN; RISK; OBESITY; WOMEN; ASSOCIATIONS AB Background-Recently, the American Heart Association developed a set of 7 ideal health metrics that will be used to measure progress toward their 2020 goals for cardiovascular health. The objective of the present study was to examine how well these metrics predicted mortality from all causes and diseases of the circulatory system in a national sample of adults in the United States. Methods and Results-We used data from 7622 adults >= 20 years of age who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2002 and whose mortality through 2006 was determined via linkage to the National Death Index. For the dietary and glycemic metrics, we used alternative measures. During a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 532 deaths (186 deaths resulting from diseases of the circulatory system) occurred. About 1.5% of participants met none of the 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics, and 1.1% of participants met all 7 metrics. The number of ideal metrics was significantly and inversely related to mortality from all causes and diseases of the circulatory system. Compared with participants who met none of the ideal metrics, those meeting >5 metrics had a reduction of 78% (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.50) in the risk for all-cause mortality and 88% (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.57) in the risk for mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. Conclusion-The number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics is a strong predictor of mortality from all causes and diseases of the circulatory system. (Circulation. 2012;125:987-995.) C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Greenlund, Kurt J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 119 Z9 128 U1 3 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 28 PY 2012 VL 125 IS 8 BP 987 EP 995 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.049122 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 901GN UT WOS:000300951700014 PM 22291126 ER PT J AU Semenova, VA Schiffer, J Steward-Clark, E Soroka, S Schmidt, DS Brawner, MM Lyde, F Thompson, R Brown, N Foster, L Fox, S Patel, N Freeman, AE Quinn, CP AF Semenova, V. A. Schiffer, J. Steward-Clark, E. Soroka, S. Schmidt, D. S. Brawner, M. M. Lyde, F. Thompson, R. Brown, N. Foster, L. Fox, S. Patel, N. Freeman, A. E. Quinn, C. P. TI Validation and long term performance characteristics of a quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human anti-PA IgG SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE AVA; BioThrax (R); ELISA; Anti-PA antibody; IgG; Bacillus anthracis ID LICENSED ANTHRAX VACCINE; RECOMBINANT PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; LETHAL FACTOR; TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION; RHESUS MACAQUES; ADSORBED AVA; GUINEA-PIGS AB Accurate, reliable and standardized quantification of anti-protective antigen (PA) IgG antibody levels is essential for comparative analyses of anti-toxin immune responses in anthrax cases, recipients of PA-based anthrax vaccines and for evaluation of anti-PA based immunotherapies. We have previously reported the early performance characteristics and application of a quantitative anti-PA IgG enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The principal application of this assay was in a Phase 4 human clinical trial of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, BioThrax), the central component of the CDC Anthrax Vaccine Research Program (AVRP) and in humans following bioterrorism associated Bacillus anthracis infection (Quinn et al., 2002: Quinn et al., 2004; Marano et at, 2008). The objective of the AVRP was to determine the feasibility of reducing the number of priming series and booster doses of the licensed Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) (BioThrax (R); Emergent BioSolutions, Lansing, MI) and changing the route of administration from subcutaneous (SC) to intramuscular (IM) (Marano et al., 2008). In this paper we report the validation and long term performance characteristics of the assay during its six year application in the AVRP (2002-2008). The critical features are 1) extensive validation of the assay using two standard reference sera; 2) long term stability and 3) consistency of the data for quantitative analysis of human long term anti-PA IgG responses. The reportable value (RV) of the assay was expressed as anti-PA IgG concentration (mu g/ml). Accuracy of the assay was high with a percent error (%ER) range of 1.6-11.4%. Overall intra-operator and intermediate precision were high with Coefficients of Variation (%CVs) of 2.5-15.4% and 6.3-13.2%, respectively. The assay demonstrated excellent dilutional linearity for human sera using log(10) transformed data with the slope = 0.95 to 0.99, intercept = 0.02 to 0.06 and r(2) = 0.980-0.987. The assay was robust, tolerating changes in serum incubation temperatures from 35 to 39 degrees C, serum incubation times from 55 to 65 min and changes in key reagents. The long-term assay stability over 6 years using consecutive reference sera AVR414 and AVR801 demonstrated sustained high accuracy and precision for the assay, confirming its suitability for long term studies of PA protein-based anthrax vaccines. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Semenova, V. A.; Schiffer, J.; Steward-Clark, E.; Soroka, S.; Schmidt, D. S.; Brawner, M. M.; Lyde, F.; Thompson, R.; Brown, N.; Foster, L.; Fox, S.; Patel, N.; Freeman, A. E.; Quinn, C. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Semenova, VA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Microbial Pathogenesis & Immune Response Lab, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis,Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mail Stop 0-01,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vsemenova@cdc.gov FU Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF) through the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Atlanta, GA FX We thank Dr. Stephen Leppla (NIAID, NIH) for providing recombinant PA for the initiation of the study. We also acknowledge LTC. Phillip R. Pittman (USAMRIID) for providing a panel of negative control and AVA donor's sera, Alicia Feagins, Eric Gillis for their technical expertise with the data analysis. We thank Brian D. Plikaytis (NCIRD, CDC) for critical review and suggestions for statistical analysis; Hanan Dababneh, John Walls, Shannon Crenshaw, Stephanie Shields, Andrea Milton, Heather Noland and Sandra Martin for specimen management. Freda Lyde, Rhonda Thompson, Natasha Brown, Lydia Davis, Nishi Patel and Sarah Fox were funded by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF) through the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Atlanta, GA. NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD FEB 28 PY 2012 VL 376 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2011.12.002 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 904OC UT WOS:000301206800010 PM 22197974 ER PT J AU Liu, YC Painter, JA Posey, DL Cain, KP Weinberg, MS Maloney, SA Ortega, LS Cetron, MS AF Liu, Yecai Painter, John A. Posey, Drew L. Cain, Kevin P. Weinberg, Michelle S. Maloney, Susan A. Ortega, Luis S. Cetron, Martin S. TI Estimating the Impact of Newly Arrived Foreign-Born Persons on Tuberculosis in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMIGRATION STATUS; COUNTRIES; REFUGEES AB Background: Among approximately 163.5 million foreign-born persons admitted to the United States annually, only 500,000 immigrants and refugees are required to undergo overseas tuberculosis (TB) screening. It is unclear what extent of the unscreened nonimmigrant visitors contributes to the burden of foreign-born TB in the United States. Methodology/Principal Findings: We defined foreign-born persons within 1 year after arrival in the United States as "newly arrived'', and utilized data from U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and World Health Organization to estimate the incidence of TB among newly arrived foreign-born persons in the United States. During 2001 through 2008, 11,500 TB incident cases, including 291 multidrug-resistant TB incident cases, were estimated to occur among 20,989,738 person-years for the 1,479,542,654 newly arrived foreign-born persons in the United States. Of the 11,500 estimated TB incident cases, 41.6% (4,783) occurred among immigrants and refugees, 36.6% (4,211) among students/exchange visitors and temporary workers, 13.8% (1,589) among tourists and business travelers, and 7.3% (834) among Canadian and Mexican nonimmigrant visitors without an I-94 form (e.g., arrival-departure record). The top 3 newly arrived foreign-born populations with the largest estimated TB incident cases per 100,000 admissions were immigrants and refugees from high-incidence countries (e.g., 2008 WHO-estimated TB incidence rate of >= 100 cases/100,000 population/year; 235.8 cases/100,000 admissions, 95% confidence interval [CI], 228.3 to 243.3), students/exchange visitors and temporary workers from high-incidence countries (60.9 cases/100,000 admissions, 95% CI, 58.5 to 63.3), and immigrants and refugees from medium-incidence countries (e.g., 2008 WHO-estimated TB incidence rate of 15-99 cases/100,000 population/year; 55.2 cases/100,000 admissions, 95% CI, 51.6 to 58.8). Conclusions/Significance: Newly arrived nonimmigrant visitors contribute substantially to the burden of foreign-born TB in the United States. To achieve the goals of TB elimination, direct investment in global TB control and strategies to target nonimmigrant visitors should be considered. C1 [Liu, Yecai; Painter, John A.; Posey, Drew L.; Weinberg, Michelle S.; Ortega, Luis S.; Cetron, Martin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cain, Kevin P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Maloney, Susan A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Liu, YC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yliu@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e32158 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032158 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 927OV UT WOS:000302918500062 PM 22384165 ER PT J AU Stewart, B Zhang, YJ Rose, CE Tokars, JI Martin, SW Franzke, LH McNeil, MM AF Stewart, Brock Zhang, Yujia Rose, Charles E., Jr. Tokars, Jerome I. Martin, Stacey W. Franzke, Laura H. McNeil, Michael M. TI Health-related quality of life in the Anthrax Vaccination Program for workers in the Laboratory Response Network SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Health related quality of life; Health survey; AVA; AVP ID SF-36; MICE AB Background: In 2002 CDC initiated the Anthrax Vaccination Program (AVP) to provide voluntary pre-exposure vaccination with Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) for persons at high risk of exposure to Bacillus anthracis spores. There has been concern that AVA could be associated with long term impairment of physical and/or mental health. Objectives: To ascertain whether physical and mental functional status, as measured by the SF-36v2 health survey (Medical Outcomes Trust, Boston, MA), of AVA recipients and controls changed differently over time. Methods: We enrolled 437 exposed (received AVA) and 139 control subjects. The exposed group received AVA under then-current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations. SF-36v2 surveys were completed at 0, 12, and 30 months. SF-36v2 physical and mental scores both range from 0 to 100 with an estimated national average of 50 points. Results: For physical scores, the average change from baseline was -0.53 for exposed vs. -0.67 for controls at 12 months (p = 0.80) and -1.09 for exposed vs. -1.97 for controls at 30 months (p = 0.23). For mental scores, the average change from baseline was -1.50 for exposed vs. -1.64 for controls at 12 months (p = 0.86) and -2.11 for exposed vs. -0.24 for controls at 30 months (p = 0.06). In multivariable analysis, the difference in mental score change between exposed vs. controls at 30 months was less pronounced (p = 0.37) but other findings were similar to univariate analyses. Conclusions: These results do not favor an association between receipt of AVA and an altered health related quality of life over a 30-month period. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stewart, Brock; Zhang, Yujia; Rose, Charles E., Jr.; Tokars, Jerome I.; Martin, Stacey W.; Franzke, Laura H.; McNeil, Michael M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stewart, Brock; Tokars, Jerome I.; McNeil, Michael M.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Yujia] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rose, Charles E., Jr.; Martin, Stacey W.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Franzke, Laura H.] Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Div Appl Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McNeil, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmm2@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 27 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1841 EP 1846 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.128 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 911BX UT WOS:000301693400012 PM 22230591 ER PT J AU Qi, Q He, KY Yoo, MH Chan, CB Liu, X Zhang, ZB Olson, JJ Xiao, G Wang, LY Mao, H Fu, HA Tao, H Ramalingam, SS Sun, SY Mischel, PS Ye, KQ AF Qi, Qi He, Kunyan Yoo, Min-Heui Chan, Chi-Bun Liu, Xia Zhang, Zhaobin Olson, Jeffrey J. Xiao, Ge Wang, Liya Mao, Hui Fu, Haian Tao, Hui Ramalingam, Suresh S. Sun, Shi-Yong Mischel, Paul S. Ye, Keqiang TI Acridine Yellow G Blocks Glioblastoma Growth via Dual Inhibition of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Protein Kinase C Kinases SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GLIOMA CELL-LINES; TOPOISOMERASE-II; INDUCE APOPTOSIS; TYROSINE KINASE; LUNG-CANCER; TUMOR-CELLS; GEFITINIB; GENE; PROLIFERATION; SUPPRESSION AB Amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), frequently expressed as a constitutively active deletion mutant (EGFRvIII), occurs commonly in glioblastoma multiformes (GBM). However, blockade of EGFR is therapeutically disappointing for gliomas with PTEN deletion. To search for small molecules treating this aggressive cancer, we have established a cell-based screening and successfully identified acridine yellow G that preferentially blocks cell proliferation of the most malignant U87MG/EGFRvIII cells over the less malignant U87MG/PTEN cells. Oral administration of this compound markedly diminishes the brain tumor volumes in both subcutaneous and intracranial models. It directly inhibits EGFR and PKCs with IC50 values of similar to 7.5 and 5 mu M, respectively. It dually inhibits EGFR and PKCs, resulting in a blockade of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and cell cycle arrest in the G(1) phase, which leads to activation of apoptosis in the tumors. Hence, combinatorial inhibition of EGFR and PKCs might provide proof of concept in developing therapeutic agents for treating malignant glioma and other human cancers. C1 [Qi, Qi; He, Kunyan; Yoo, Min-Heui; Chan, Chi-Bun; Liu, Xia; Ye, Keqiang] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Syst Imaging, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Zhang, Zhaobin; Olson, Jeffrey J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Syst Imaging, Dept Neurol Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wang, Liya; Mao, Hui] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Syst Imaging, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Fu, Haian] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Winship Canc Inst, Dept Pharmacol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tao, Hui; Ramalingam, Suresh S.; Sun, Shi-Yong] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Winship Canc Inst, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Xiao, Ge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mischel, Paul S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mischel, Paul S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Ye, KQ (reprint author), 615 Michael St, Atlanta, GA 30300 USA. EM kye@emory.edu RI Qi, Qi/J-3508-2013 OI Qi, Qi/0000-0003-4460-0713 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1 CA127119] FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant RO1 CA127119 (to K. Y.). NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 24 PY 2012 VL 287 IS 9 BP 6113 EP 6127 DI 10.1074/jbc.M111.293605 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 899CQ UT WOS:000300791800005 PM 22215664 ER PT J AU Curtis, KA Rudolph, DL Nejad, I Singleton, J Beddoe, A Weigl, B LaBarre, P Owen, SM AF Curtis, Kelly A. Rudolph, Donna L. Nejad, Irene Singleton, Jered Beddoe, Andy Weigl, Bernhard LaBarre, Paul Owen, S. Michele TI Isothermal Amplification Using a Chemical Heating Device for Point-of-Care Detection of HIV-1 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION; RAPID DETECTION; INFECTION; VIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; TUBERCULOSIS; STATE; LAMP; DNA AB Background: To date, the use of traditional nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for detection of HIV-1 DNA or RNA has been restricted to laboratory settings due to time, equipment, and technical expertise requirements. The availability of a rapid NAAT with applicability for resource-limited or point-of-care (POC) settings would fill a great need in HIV diagnostics, allowing for timely diagnosis or confirmation of infection status, as well as facilitating the diagnosis of acute infection, screening and evaluation of infants born to HIV-infected mothers. Isothermal amplification methods, such as reverse-transcription, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), exhibit characteristics that are ideal for POC settings, since they are typically quicker, easier to perform, and allow for integration into low-tech, portable heating devices. Methodology/Significant Findings: In this study, we evaluated the HIV-1 RT-LAMP assay using portable, non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification (NINA) heating devices that generate heat from the exothermic reaction of calcium oxide and water. The NINA heating devices exhibited stable temperatures throughout the amplification reaction and consistent amplification results between three separate devices and a thermalcycler. The performance of the NINA heaters was validated using whole blood specimens from HIV-1 infected patients. Conclusion: The RT-LAMP isothermal amplification method used in conjunction with a chemical heating device provides a portable, rapid and robust NAAT platform that has the potential to facilitate HIV-1 testing in resource-limited settings and POC. C1 [Curtis, Kelly A.; Rudolph, Donna L.; Nejad, Irene; Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singleton, Jered; Beddoe, Andy; Weigl, Bernhard; LaBarre, Paul] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. RP Curtis, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM czv2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported with intramural funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No external funding sources were used. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 43 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 23 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31432 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031432 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 927NZ UT WOS:000302916100022 PM 22384022 ER PT J AU Hamel, MJ Abdulla, S Greenwood, B AF Hamel, Mary J. Abdulla, Salim Greenwood, Brian CA S Synth Writing Comm TI RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine in African Children REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Abdulla, Salim] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Greenwood, Brian] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. RP Hamel, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 23 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 8 BP 765 EP 766 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896FS UT WOS:000300551500020 ER PT J AU Homaira, N Luby, SP Petri, WA Vainionpaa, R Rahman, M Hossain, K Snider, CB Rahman, M Alamgir, ASM Zesmin, F Alam, M Gurley, ES Zaman, RU Azim, T Erdman, DD Fry, AM Bresee, J Widdowson, MA Haque, R Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Homaira, Nusrat Luby, Stephen P. Petri, William A. Vainionpaa, Raija Rahman, Mustafizur Hossain, Kamal Snider, Cynthia B. Rahman, Mahmudur Alamgir, A. S. M. Zesmin, Farzina Alam, Masud Gurley, Emily S. Zaman, Rashid Uz Azim, Tasnim Erdman, Dean D. Fry, Alicia M. Bresee, Joseph Widdowson, Marc-Alain Haque, Rashidul Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo TI Incidence of Respiratory Virus-Associated Pneumonia in Urban Poor Young Children of Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2009-2011 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETIOLOGY; INFANTS; COHORT; AGE AB Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood death in Bangladesh. We conducted a longitudinal study to estimate the incidence of virus-associated pneumonia in children aged <2 years in a low-income urban community in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: We followed a cohort of children for two years. We collected nasal washes when children presented with respiratory symptoms. Study physicians diagnosed children with cough and age-specific tachypnea and positive lung findings as pneumonia case-patients. We tested respiratory samples for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinoviruses, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), influenza viruses, human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV 1, 2, 3), and adenoviruses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. Results: Between April 2009-March 2011, we followed 515 children for 730 child-years. We identified a total of 378 pneumonia episodes, 77% of the episodes were associated with a respiratory viral pathogen. The overall incidence of pneumonia associated with a respiratory virus infection was 40/100 child-years. The annual incidence of pneumonia/100 child-years associated with a specific respiratory virus in children aged <2years was 12.5 for RSV, 6 for rhinoviruses, 6 for HMPV, 4 for influenza viruses, 3 for HPIV and 2 for adenoviruses. Conclusion: Young children in Dhaka are at high risk of childhood pneumonia and the majority of these episodes are associated with viral pathogens. Developing effective low-cost strategies for prevention are a high priority. C1 [Homaira, Nusrat; Luby, Stephen P.; Rahman, Mustafizur; Hossain, Kamal; Zesmin, Farzina; Alam, Masud; Gurley, Emily S.; Zaman, Rashid Uz; Azim, Tasnim; Haque, Rashidul; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.; Erdman, Dean D.; Fry, Alicia M.; Bresee, Joseph; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Petri, William A.; Snider, Cynthia B.] Univ Virginia, Jack Jouett, VA USA. [Vainionpaa, Raija] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland. [Rahman, Mahmudur; Alamgir, A. S. M.] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Homaira, N (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM nhomaira@icddrb.org RI rahman, mustafizur/E-6918-2010; Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Influenza Division of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta [1U01CI000628-01]; University of Virginia (UVA) under the NIH [RO1 AI043596] FX This study was funded by the Influenza Division of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta under the co-operative agreement number 1U01CI000628-01 and University of Virginia (UVA) under the NIH grant RO1 AI043596 to WAP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e32056 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032056 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZZ UT WOS:000302875500068 PM 22384139 ER PT J AU Shapiro, RL Souda, S Parekh, N Binda, K Kayembe, M Lockman, S Svab, P Babitseng, O Powis, K Jimbo, W Creek, T Makhema, J Essex, M Roberts, DJ AF Shapiro, Roger L. Souda, Sajini Parekh, Natasha Binda, Kelebogile Kayembe, Mukendi Lockman, Shahin Svab, Petr Babitseng, Orphinah Powis, Kathleen Jimbo, William Creek, Tracy Makhema, Joseph Essex, Max Roberts, Drucilla J. TI High Prevalence of Hypertension and Placental Insufficiency, but No In Utero HIV Transmission, among Women on HAART with Stillbirths in Botswana SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; INCREASED RISK; INFECTION; PREECLAMPSIA; DELIVERY AB Background: Increased stillbirth rates occur among HIV-infected women, but no studies have evaluated the pathological basis for this increase, or whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) influences the etiology of stillbirths. It is also unknown whether HIV infection of the fetus is associated with stillbirth. Methods: HIV-infected women and a comparator group of HIV-uninfected women who delivered stillbirths were enrolled at the largest referral hospital in Botswana between January and November 2010. Obstetrical records, including antiretroviral use in pregnancy, were extracted at enrollment. Verbal autopsies; maternal HIV, CD4 and HIV RNA testing; stillbirth HIV PCR testing; and placental pathology (blinded to HIV and treatment status) were performed. Results: Ninety-nine stillbirths were evaluated, including 62 from HIV-infected women (34% on HAART from conception, 8% on HAART started in pregnancy, 23% on zidovudine started in pregnancy, and 35% on no antiretrovirals) and 37 from a comparator group of HIV-uninfected women. Only 2 (3.7%) of 53 tested stillbirths from HIV-infected women were HIV PCR positive, and both were born to women not receiving HAART. Placental insufficiency associated with hypertension accounted for most stillbirths. Placental findings consistent with chronic hypertension were common among HIV-infected women who received HAART and among HIV-uninfected women (65% vs. 54%, p = 0.37), but less common among HIV-infected women not receiving HAART (28%, p = 0.003 vs. women on HAART). Conclusions: In utero HIV infection was rarely associated with stillbirths, and did not occur among women receiving HAART. Hypertension and placental insufficiency were associated with most stillbirths in this tertiary care setting. C1 [Shapiro, Roger L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Shapiro, Roger L.; Lockman, Shahin; Powis, Kathleen; Makhema, Joseph; Essex, Max] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shapiro, Roger L.; Souda, Sajini; Parekh, Natasha; Binda, Kelebogile; Lockman, Shahin; Powis, Kathleen; Makhema, Joseph; Essex, Max] Botswana Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, AIDS Inst Partnership HIV Res & Educ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kayembe, Mukendi] Minist Hlth, Botswana Natl Hlth Lab, Gaborone, Botswana. [Lockman, Shahin] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Svab, Petr; Babitseng, Orphinah] Princess Marina Hosp, Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Powis, Kathleen] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Powis, Kathleen] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Jimbo, William; Creek, Tracy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roberts, Drucilla J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Shapiro, RL (reprint author), Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM rshapiro@hsph.harvard.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U2GPS000941]; Doris Duke Charitable Research Foundation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U2GPS000941), and by a Research Fellowship from the Doris Duke Charitable Research Foundation (N.P.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31580 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031580 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZZ UT WOS:000302875500026 PM 22384039 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, V Gertz, RE Shewmaker, PL Patrick, S Chitnis, AS O'Connell, H Benowitz, I Patel, P Guh, AY Noble-Wang, J Turabelidze, G Beall, B AF Srinivasan, Velusamy Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Shewmaker, Patricia L. Patrick, Sarah Chitnis, Amit S. O'Connell, Heather Benowitz, Isaac Patel, Priti Guh, Alice Y. Noble-Wang, Judith Turabelidze, George Beall, Bernard TI Using PCR-Based Detection and Genotyping to Trace Streptococcus salivarius Meningitis Outbreak Strain to Oral Flora of Radiology Physician Assistant SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IATROGENIC MENINGITIS; SPINAL-ANESTHESIA; MYELOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION AB We recently investigated three cases of bacterial meningitis that were reported from a midwestern radiology clinic where facemasks were not worn during spinal injection of contrast agent during myelography procedures. Using pulsed field gel electrophoresis we linked a case strain of S. salivarius to an oral specimen of a radiology physician assistant (RPA). We also used a real-time PCR assay to detect S. salivarius DNA within a culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen. Here we extend this investigation through using a nested PCR/sequencing strategy to link the culture-negative CSF specimen to the case strain. We also provide validation of the real-time PCR assay used, demonstrating that it is not solely specific for Streptococcus salivarius, but is also highly sensitive for detection of the closely related oral species Streptococcus vestibularis. Through using multilocus sequence typing and 16S rDNA sequencing we further strengthen the link between the CSF case isolate and the RPA carriage isolate. We also demonstrate that the newly characterized strains from this study are distinct from previously characterized S. salivarius strains associated with carriage and meningitis. C1 [Srinivasan, Velusamy; Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Shewmaker, Patricia L.; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patrick, Sarah; Turabelidze, George] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Sect Epidemiol Publ Hlth Practice, Div Community & Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO USA. [Chitnis, Amit S.; O'Connell, Heather; Benowitz, Isaac; Patel, Priti; Guh, Alice Y.; Noble-Wang, Judith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chitnis, Amit S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Srinivasan, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BBEALL@CDC.GOV FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded this work. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e32169 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0032169 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZZ UT WOS:000302875500081 PM 22384169 ER PT J AU Richards, S Glazier, M Masterson, K Denton, M Miller, C Liebig, C Root, AJ Whitt, C Freshwater, J Ibrahim, S Bixler, D Clark, C Haddy, L Jordan, D Biggerstaff, M Epperson, S Brammer, L Finelli, L Trock, S Jhung, M Bresee, J Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Jernigan, D Cox, N Radcliffe, R Taylor, T AF Richards, Shawn Glazier, Mark Masterson, Katie Denton, Michael Miller, Cheryl Liebig, Carl Root, Andrew J. Whitt, Cynthia Freshwater, Julie Ibrahim, Sherif Bixler, Danae Clark, Christi Haddy, Loretta Jordan, Douglas Biggerstaff, Matthew Epperson, Scott Brammer, Lynnette Finelli, Lyn Trock, Susan Jhung, Michael Bresee, Joseph Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander Jernigan, Daniel Cox, Nancy Radcliffe, Rachel Taylor, Tegwin TI Update: Influenza A (H3N2)v Transmission and Guidelines-Five States, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1741-1744, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Taylor, Tegwin] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richards, Shawn; Glazier, Mark; Masterson, Katie; Denton, Michael] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM dejordan@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 8 BP 777 EP 779 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896FQ UT WOS:000300551300009 ER PT J AU Griffin, D Springer, D Moore, Z Njord, L Njord, R Sweat, D Lee, N Maillard, JM Davies, M Fleischauer, A MacFarquhar, J Griese, S AF Griffin, Denise Springer, Debra Moore, Zack Njord, Levi Njord, Rebecca Sweat, David Lee, Nicole Maillard, Jean-Marie Davies, Megan Fleischauer, Aaron MacFarquhar, Jennifer Griese, Stephanie TI Notes From the Field: Escherichia coli O157: H7 Gastroenteritis Associated With a State Fair-North Carolina, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1745, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Griese, Stephanie] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Griese, S (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM stephanie.griese@dhhs.nc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 8 BP 779 EP 780 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896FQ UT WOS:000300551300010 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Wateska, AR Nowalk, MP Raymund, M Nuorti, JP Zimmerman, RK AF Smith, Kenneth J. Wateska, Angela R. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Raymund, Mahlon Nuorti, J. Pekka Zimmerman, Richard K. TI Cost-effectiveness of Adult Vaccination Strategies Using Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Compared With Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CHILDREN YOUNGER; HEART-FAILURE; UNITED-STATES; OLDER-ADULTS; DISEASE; PREVENTION; AGE AB Context The cost-effectiveness of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) compared with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) among US adults is unclear. Objective To estimate the cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination strategies in adults. Design, Setting, and Participants A Markov state-transition model, lifetime time horizon, societal perspective. Simulations were performed in hypothetical cohorts of US 50-year-olds. Vaccination strategies and effectiveness estimates were developed by a Delphi expert panel; indirect (herd immunity) effects resulting from childhood PCV13 vaccination were extrapolated based on observed PCV7 effects. Data sources for model parameters included Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Active Bacterial Core surveillance, National Hospital Discharge Survey and Nationwide Inpatient Sample data, and the National Health Interview Survey. Main Outcome Measures Pneumococcal disease cases prevented and incremental costs per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Results In the base case scenario, administration of PCV13 as a substitute for PPSV23 in current recommendations (ie, vaccination at age 65 years and at younger ages if comorbidities are present) cost $28 900 per QALY gained compared with no vaccination and was more cost-effective than the currently recommended PPSV23 strategy. Routine PCV13 at ages 50 and 65 years cost $45 100 per QALY compared with PCV13 substituted in current recommendations. Adding PPSV23 at age 75 years to PCV13 at ages 50 and 65 years gained 0.00002 QALYs, costing $496 000 per QALY gained. Results were robust in sensitivity analyses and alternative scenarios, except when low PCV13 effectiveness against nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia was assumed or when greater childhood vaccination indirect effects were modeled. In these cases, PPSV23 as currently recommended was favored. Conclusion Overall, PCV13 vaccination was favored compared with PPSV23, but the analysis was sensitive to assumptions about PCV13 effectiveness against nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia and the magnitude of potential indirect effects from childhood PCV13 on pneumococcal serotype distribution. JAMA. 2012;307(8):804-812 www.jama.com C1 [Smith, Kenneth J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sect Decis Sci & Clin Syst Management, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Nuorti, J. Pekka] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sect Decis Sci & Clin Syst Management, Sch Med, 200 Meyran Ave,Ste 200, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM smithkj2@upmc.edu OI Smith, Kenneth J/0000-0001-8088-566X; Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI076256] FX This study was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI076256). NR 49 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 22 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 8 BP 804 EP 812 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.169 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896FQ UT WOS:000300551300023 PM 22357831 ER PT J AU Schat, KA Bingham, J Butler, JM Chen, LM Lowther, S Crowley, TM Moore, RJ Donis, RO Lowenthal, JW AF Schat, Karel A. Bingham, John Butler, Jeff M. Chen, Li-Mei Lowther, Sue Crowley, Tamsyn M. Moore, Robert J. Donis, Ruben O. Lowenthal, John W. TI Role of Position 627 of PB2 and the Multibasic Cleavage Site of the Hemagglutinin in the Virulence of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Chickens and Ducks SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FOWL PLAGUE VIRUS; A-VIRUS; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; HONG-KONG; HIGH-PATHOGENICITY; AMINO-ACID; CLINICAL-DISEASE; GENES CONTRIBUTE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; THROMBOCYTES AB Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have caused major disease outbreaks in domestic and free-living birds with transmission to humans resulting in 59% mortality amongst 564 cases. The mutation of the amino acid at position 627 of the viral polymerase basic-2 protein (PB2) from glutamic acid (E) in avian isolates to lysine (K) in human isolates is frequently found, but it is not known if this change affects the fitness and pathogenicity of the virus in birds. We show here that horizontal transmission of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1 (VN/1203) virus in chickens and ducks was not affected by the change of K to E at PB2-627. All chickens died between 21 to 48 hours post infection (pi), while 70% of the ducks survived infection. Virus replication was detected in chickens within 12 hours pi and reached peak titers in spleen, lung and brain between 18 to 24 hours for both viruses. Viral antigen in chickens was predominantly in the endothelium, while in ducks it was present in multiple cell types, including neurons, myocardium, skeletal muscle and connective tissues. Virus replicated to a high titer in chicken thrombocytes and caused upregulation of TLR3 and several cell adhesion molecules, which may explain the rapid virus dissemination and location of viral antigen in endothelium. Virus replication in ducks reached peak values between 2 and 4 days pi in spleen, lung and brain tissues and in contrast to infection in chickens, thrombocytes were not involved. In addition, infection of chickens with low pathogenic VN/1203 caused neuropathology, with E at position PB2-627 causing significantly higher infection rates than K, indicating that it enhances virulence in chickens. C1 [Schat, Karel A.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bingham, John; Butler, Jeff M.; Lowther, Sue; Crowley, Tamsyn M.; Moore, Robert J.; Lowenthal, John W.] Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Geelong, Vic, Australia. [Chen, Li-Mei; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crowley, Tamsyn M.] Deakin Univ, Ctr Biotechnol Chem & Syst Biol, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. RP Schat, KA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM john.lowenthal@csiro.au RI Bingham, John/H-8591-2013; lowenthal, john/G-4459-2010; Moore, Robert/D-8352-2011 OI lowenthal, john/0000-0002-0548-2497; Moore, Robert/0000-0002-0776-5861 FU Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation FX Funding was provided by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 74 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e30960 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0030960 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZM UT WOS:000302873700016 PM 22363523 ER PT J AU Tabu, C Breiman, RF Ochieng, B Aura, B Cosmas, L Audi, A Olack, B Bigogo, G Ongus, JR Fields, P Mintz, E Burton, D Oundo, J Feikin, DR AF Tabu, Collins Breiman, Robert F. Ochieng, Benjamin Aura, Barrack Cosmas, Leonard Audi, Allan Olack, Beatrice Bigogo, Godfrey Ongus, Juliette R. Fields, Patricia Mintz, Eric Burton, Deron Oundo, Joe Feikin, Daniel R. TI Differing Burden and Epidemiology of Non-Typhi Salmonella Bacteremia in Rural and Urban Kenya, 2006-2009 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED BACTEREMIA; WESTERN KENYA; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; INVASIVE BACTERIAL; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; HIV; DISEASE AB Background: The epidemiology of non-Typhi Salmonella (NTS) bacteremia in Africa will likely evolve as potential co-factors, such as HIV, malaria, and urbanization, also change. Methods: As part of population-based surveillance among 55,000 persons in malaria-endemic, rural and malaria-nonendemic, urban Kenya from 2006-2009, blood cultures were obtained from patients presenting to referral clinics with fever >= 38.0 degrees C or severe acute respiratory infection. Incidence rates were adjusted based on persons with compatible illnesses, but whose blood was not cultured. Results: NTS accounted for 60/155 (39%) of blood culture isolates in the rural and 7/230 (3%) in the urban sites. The adjusted incidence in the rural site was 568/100,000 person-years, and the urban site was 51/100,000 person-years. In both sites, the incidence was highest in children < 5 years old. The NTS-to-typhoid bacteremia ratio in the rural site was 4.6 and in the urban site was 0.05. S. Typhimurium represented > 85% of blood NTS isolates in both sites, but only 21% (urban) and 64% (rural) of stool NTS isolates. Overall, 76% of S. Typhimurium blood isolates were multi-drug resistant, most of which had an identical profile in Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis. In the rural site, the incidence of NTS bacteremia increased during the study period, concomitant with rising malaria prevalence (monthly correlation of malaria positive blood smears and NTS bacteremia cases, Spearman's correlation, p = 0.018 for children, p = 0.16 adults). In the rural site, 80% of adults with NTS bacteremia were HIV-infected. Six of 7 deaths within 90 days of NTS bacteremia had HIV/AIDS as the primary cause of death assigned on verbal autopsy. Conclusions: NTS caused the majority of bacteremias in rural Kenya, but typhoid predominated in urban Kenya, which most likely reflects differences in malaria endemicity. Control measures for malaria, as well as HIV, will likely decrease the burden of NTS bacteremia in Africa. C1 [Tabu, Collins; Oundo, Joe] Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Tabu, Collins] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.; Ochieng, Benjamin; Aura, Barrack; Cosmas, Leonard; Audi, Allan; Olack, Beatrice; Bigogo, Godfrey; Burton, Deron; Oundo, Joe; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.; Burton, Deron; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ongus, Juliette R.] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Fields, Patricia; Mintz, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tabu, C (reprint author), Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. EM dfeikin@jhsph.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31237 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031237 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926ZM UT WOS:000302873700036 PM 22363591 ER PT J AU Chaves, SS Fischer, G Groeger, J Patel, PR Thompson, ND Teshale, EH Stevenson, K Yano, VM Armstrong, GL Samandari, T Kamili, S Drobeniuc, J Hu, DJ AF Chaves, Sandra S. Fischer, Gayle Groeger, Justina Patel, Priti R. Thompson, Nicola D. Teshale, Eyasu H. Stevenson, Kuartei Yano, Victor M. Armstrong, Gregory L. Samandari, Taraz Kamili, Saleem Drobeniuc, Jan Hu, Dale J. TI Persistence of long-term immunity to hepatitis B among adolescents immunized at birth SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Anamnestic response; Hepatitis B vaccination; Hepatitis B virus; Long term immunity ID VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; FOLLOW-UP; ANAMNESTIC RESPONSE; VACCINATION; CHILDREN; TAIWAN; PROTECTION; INFANTS; DISEASE AB The long-term duration of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine-induced immunity among persons vaccinated starting at birth is still not well understood. Waning of vaccine-induced immunity could leave young adults at risk of hepatitis B virus infection due to behavioral or occupational exposures. We followed a cohort of children immunized starting at birth with a 3-dose regimen of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (5 mcg, 2.5 mcg, 2.5 mcg). They were challenged with a booster dose of the hepatitis B vaccine 10 and 15 years after vaccination to assess anamnestic response as a measure of persistence of protection. Among 108 participants who had lost protective antibody levels against hepatitis B. the majority (>70%) had an anamnestic response to the booster dose; response rates did not decline significantly between 10 and 15 years follow-up periods. A high antibody concentration following primary vaccination was independently associated with an anamnestic response later on in life. Nonetheless, similar to 20-30% of participants were unable to mount an immune response after boosting. Hepatitis B revaccination might be required for persons vaccinated starting at birth if opportunities for hepatitis B virus exposure exist. Future vaccine recommendations should be based on studies ascertaining protection against clinically significant disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chaves, Sandra S.; Fischer, Gayle; Groeger, Justina; Patel, Priti R.; Thompson, Nicola D.; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Armstrong, Gregory L.; Samandari, Taraz; Kamili, Saleem; Drobeniuc, Jan; Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stevenson, Kuartei; Yano, Victor M.] Minist Hlth, Koror, Palau. RP Chaves, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM schaves@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Ms Justina Groeger was supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1644 EP 1649 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.106 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 909IM UT WOS:000301558200012 PM 22245310 ER PT J AU Rainey, JJ Lacapere, F Danovaro-Holliday, MC Mung, K Magloire, R Kananda, G Cadet, JR Lee, CE Chamouillet, H Luman, ET AF Rainey, Jeanette J. Lacapere, Francois Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina Mung, Kam Magloire, Roc Kananda, Gregoire Cadet, Jean Ronald Lee, Carla E. Chamouillet, Henriette Luman, Elizabeth T. TI Vaccination Coverage in Haiti: Results from the 2009 National Survey SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Haiti; Expanded Programme on Immunization; Routine vaccinations; Coverage survey ID MEASLES AB Introduction: Since 1977, vaccinations to protect against tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and measles (and rubella since 2009) have been offered to children in Haiti through the routine immunization program. From April to July 2009, a national vaccination coverage survey was conducted to assess the success of the routine immunization program at reaching children in Haiti. Methods: A multi-stage cluster survey was conducted using a modified WHO method for household sampling. A standardized questionnaire was administered to collect vaccination histories, demographic information, and reasons for under-vaccination of children aged 12-23 months. A child who received the eight recommended routine vaccinations was considered fully vaccinated. The routine vaccination schedule was used to define valid doses and estimate the percentage of children vaccinated on time. Results: Among 1345 children surveyed, 40.4% (95% CI: 36.6-44.2) of the 840 children with vaccination cards had received all eight recommended vaccinations. Coverage was highest for the Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (87.3%), the first doses of the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (92.0%), and oral poliovirus vaccine (93.4%) and lowest for measles vaccine (46.9%). Timely vaccination rates were lower. Assuming similar coverage for the 505 children without cards, coverage with the complete vaccination series among all surveyed children 31.9%. Reasons for under-vaccination included not having enough time to reach the vaccination location (24.8%), having a child who was ill (13.8%), and not knowing when, or forgetting, to go for vaccination (12.8%). Conclusions and recommendations: Coverage for early-infant vaccines was high: however, most children did not complete the full vaccination series, and many children received vaccinations later than recommended. Efforts to improve the immunization program should include increasing the frequency of outreach services, training for vaccination staff to minimize missed opportunities, and better communicating the timing of vaccinations to encourage caregivers to bring their children for vaccinations at the recommended age. Efforts to promote the benefits of vaccination and card retention are also needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Lee, Carla E.; Luman, Elizabeth T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lacapere, Francois] WHO, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Kananda, Gregoire] WHO, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Magloire, Roc] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, DELR, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Cadet, Jean Ronald] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Rainey, JJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jkr7@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1746 EP 1751 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.015 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 909IM UT WOS:000301558200025 PM 22227146 ER PT J AU Rein, DB Smith, BD Wittenborn, JS Lesesne, SB Wagner, LD Roblin, DW Patel, N Ward, JW Weinbaum, CM AF Rein, David B. Smith, Bryce D. Wittenborn, John S. Lesesne, Sarah B. Wagner, Laura D. Roblin, Douglas W. Patel, Nita Ward, John W. Weinbaum, Cindy M. TI The Cost-Effectiveness of Birth-Cohort Screening for Hepatitis C Antibody in US Primary Care Settings SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; VIRUS-INFECTION; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; RESOURCE UTILIZATION; COMBINATION THERAPY; ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT AB Background: In the United States, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is most prevalent among adults born from 1945 through 1965, and approximately 50% to 75% of infected adults are unaware of their infection. Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of birth-cohort screening. Design: Cost-effectiveness simulation. Data Sources: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, U.S. Census, Medicare reimbursement schedule, and published sources. Target Population: Adults born from 1945 through 1965 with 1 or more visits to a primary care provider annually. Time Horizon: Lifetime. Perspective: Societal, health care. Intervention: One-time antibody test of 1945-1965 birth cohort. Outcome Measures: Numbers of cases that were identified and treated and that achieved a sustained viral response; liver disease and death from HCV; medical and productivity costs; quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs); incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results of Base-Case Analysis: Compared with the status quo, birth-cohort screening identified 808 580 additional cases of chronic HCV infection at a screening cost of $2874 per case identified. Assuming that birth-cohort screening was followed by pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN+R) for treated patients, screening increased QALYs by 348 800 and costs by $5.5 billion, for an ICER of $15 700 per QALY gained. Assuming that birth-cohort screening was followed by direct-acting antiviral plus PEG-IFN+R treatment for treated patients, screening increased QALYs by 532 200 and costs by $19.0 billion, for an ICER of $35 700 per QALY saved. Results of Sensitivity Analysis: The ICER of birth-cohort screening was most sensitive to sustained viral response of antiviral therapy, the cost of therapy, the discount rate, and the QALY losses assigned to disease states. Limitation: Empirical data on screening and direct-acting antiviral treatment in real-world clinical settings are scarce. Conclusion: Birth-cohort screening for HCV in primary care settings was cost-effective. C1 [Rein, David B.] Univ Chicago, NORC, Atlanta, GA 30305 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Rein, DB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, NORC, 3520 Piedmont Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30305 USA. EM rein-david@norc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Viral Hepatitis [200-2003-02489-0007] FX By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Viral Hepatitis through contract 200-2003-02489-0007. NR 71 TC 159 Z9 161 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 156 IS 4 BP 263 EP U24 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-156-4-201202210-00378 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896YO UT WOS:000300607600002 PM 22056542 ER PT J AU Ly, KN Xing, J Klevens, RM Jiles, RB Ward, JW Holmberg, SD AF Ly, Kathleen N. Xing, Jian Klevens, R. Monina Jiles, Ruth B. Ward, John W. Holmberg, Scott D. TI The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States Between 1999 and 2007 SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID B-VIRUS INFECTION; LIVER-DISEASE; PREVALENCE; DEATH; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; MORBIDITY; ERA AB Background: The increasing health burden and mortality from hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the United States are underappreciated. Objective: To examine mortality from HBV; HCV; and, for comparison, HIV. Design: Analysis of U.S. multiple-cause mortality data from 1999 to 2007 from the National Center for Health Statistics. Setting: All U.S. states and the District of Columbia. Participants: Approximately 22 million decedents. Measurements: Age-adjusted mortality rates from HBV, HCV, and HIV. Logistic regression analyses of 2007 data generated 4 independent models per outcome (HCV- or HBV-related deaths) that each included 1 of 4 comorbid conditions and all sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Between 1999 and 2007, recorded deaths from HCV increased significantly to 15 106, whereas deaths from HIV declined to 12 734 by 2007. Factors associated with HCV-related deaths included chronic liver disease, HBV co-infection, alcohol-related conditions, minority status, and HIV co-infection. Factors that increased odds of HBV-related death included chronic liver disease, HCV co-infection, Asian or Pacific Islander descent, HIV co-infection, and alcohol-related conditions. Most deaths from HBV and HCV occurred in middle-aged persons. Limitation: A person other than the primary physician of the decedent frequently completed the death certificate, and HCV and HBV often were not detected and thus not reported as causes of death. Conclusion: By 2007, HCV had superseded HIV as a cause of death in the United States, and deaths from HCV and HBV disproportionately occurred in middle-aged persons. To achieve decreases in mortality similar to those seen with HIV requires new policy initiatives to detect patients with chronic hepatitis and link them to care and treatment. C1 [Ly, Kathleen N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ly, KN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kathleenly@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 384 Z9 389 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 21 PY 2012 VL 156 IS 4 BP 271 EP U33 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-156-4-201202210-00004 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 896YO UT WOS:000300607600003 PM 22351712 ER PT J AU Lucchi, NW Poorak, M Oberstaller, J DeBarry, J Srinivasamoorthy, G Goldman, I Xayavong, M da Silva, AJ Peterson, DS Barnwell, JW Kissinger, J Udhayakumar, V AF Lucchi, Naomi W. Poorak, Mitra Oberstaller, Jenna DeBarry, Jeremy Srinivasamoorthy, Ganesh Goldman, Ira Xayavong, Maniphet da Silva, Alexandre J. Peterson, David S. Barnwell, John W. Kissinger, Jessica Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI A New Single-Step PCR Assay for the Detection of the Zoonotic Malaria Parasite Plasmodium knowlesi SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ANOPHELES-LATENS; HUMAN INFECTIONS; HUMANS; DIAGNOSIS; THAILAND; TRANSMISSION; VIETNAM; MACAQUES AB Background: Recent studies in Southeast Asia have demonstrated substantial zoonotic transmission of Plasmodium knowlesi to humans. Microscopically, P. knowlesi exhibits several stage-dependent morphological similarities to P. malariae and P. falciparum. These similarities often lead to misdiagnosis of P. knowlesi as either P. malariae or P. falciparum and PCR-based molecular diagnostic tests are required to accurately detect P. knowlesi in humans. The most commonly used PCR test has been found to give false positive results, especially with a proportion of P. vivax isolates. To address the need for more sensitive and specific diagnostic tests for the accurate diagnosis of P. knowlesi, we report development of a new single-step PCR assay that uses novel genomic targets to accurately detect this infection. Methodology and Significant Findings: We have developed a bioinformatics approach to search the available malaria parasite genome database for the identification of suitable DNA sequences relevant for molecular diagnostic tests. Using this approach, we have identified multi-copy DNA sequences distributed in the P. knowlesi genome. We designed and tested several novel primers specific to new target sequences in a single-tube, non-nested PCR assay and identified one set of primers that accurately detects P. knowlesi. We show that this primer set has 100% specificity for the detection of P. knowlesi using three different strains (Nuri, H, and Hackeri), and one human case of malaria caused by P. knowlesi. This test did not show cross reactivity with any of the four human malaria parasite species including 11 different strains of P. vivax as well as 5 additional species of simian malaria parasites. Conclusions: The new PCR assay based on novel P. knowlesi genomic sequence targets was able to accurately detect P. knowlesi. Additional laboratory and field-based testing of this assay will be necessary to further validate its utility for clinical diagnosis of P. knowlesi. C1 [Lucchi, Naomi W.; Poorak, Mitra; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Lucchi, Naomi W.; Poorak, Mitra; Goldman, Ira; Xayavong, Maniphet; da Silva, Alexandre J.; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oberstaller, Jenna; Kissinger, Jessica] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [DeBarry, Jeremy; Srinivasamoorthy, Ganesh; Peterson, David S.; Kissinger, Jessica] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kissinger, Jessica] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lucchi, NW (reprint author), Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. EM vxu0@cdc.gov OI DeBarry, Jeremy/0000-0001-5718-2675 FU Atlanta Research and Education Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/University of Georgia Collaborative Seed; University of Georgia Research Computing Center; NIH [GM007103, R01 AI068908]; University of Georgia Department of Genetics FX This study was supported by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/University of Georgia Collaborative Seed Grant, the University of Georgia Research Computing Center (a partnership between the Office of the Vice President for Research and the Office of the Chief Information Officer), NIH Training Grant T32 GM007103, an Alton Fellowship awarded through the University of Georgia Department of Genetics and by NIH grant R01 AI068908. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e31848 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0031848 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 926YY UT WOS:000302871500095 PM 22363751 ER PT J AU Koblin, BA Bonner, S Powell, B Metralexis, P Egan, JE Patterson, J Xu, GZ Hoover, DR Goodman, K Chin, J Tieu, HV Spikes, P AF Koblin, Beryl A. Bonner, Sebastian Powell, Borris Metralexis, Peter Egan, James E. Patterson, Jocelyn Xu, Guozhen Hoover, Donald R. Goodman, Krista Chin, John Tieu, Hong V. Spikes, Pilgrim TI A randomized trial of a behavioral intervention for black MSM: the DiSH study SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE behavioral intervention; black/African-American; gay men; HIV ID REDUCE HIV TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; YOUNG MEN; SEX; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB Objective: To test a new behavioral intervention for black MSM in reducing sexual risk and increasing social support and intentions to use condoms. Design: A single-site, unblinded randomized trial in New York City with 3-month follow-up. Methods: Participants (n = 283) reporting at least two sexual partners and unprotected anal intercourse with a man in the past 3 months were enrolled and randomized to a social-cognitive theory-based intervention or control comparison. Men in the intervention group participated in five 2-h group sessions focused on creating a group environment with sexual risk-reduction information and exercises woven into joint meal preparation and sharing activities, while exploring self-efficacy perceptions and outcome expectancies. Intervention (n = 142) and control (n = 141) groups received standard HIV counseling and testing at baseline. Results: No significant differences were found between study arms at 3 months in number of male partners, number of unprotected anal intercourse partners, proportion reporting unprotected sex, number of acts protected by condoms, self-efficacy, condom attitudes, condom intentions, social isolation and psychological distress. In both arms combined, declines from baseline to 3 months were observed in sexual risk behaviors, social isolation and psychological distress, whereas self-efficacy, condom attitudes and condom intentions improved. Conclusion: As the HIV epidemic continues to have a dramatic impact on black MSM in the USA, the urgency to design innovative interventions continues. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health broken vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Koblin, Beryl A.; Xu, Guozhen; Goodman, Krista; Tieu, Hong V.] New York Blood Ctr, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Bonner, Sebastian; Egan, James E.] New York Acad Med, New York, NY USA. [Metralexis, Peter] Educ Alliance, New York, NY USA. [Patterson, Jocelyn; Spikes, Pilgrim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Healthcare Policy & Aging Res, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Stat & Biostat, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Chin, John] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Koblin, BA (reprint author), New York Blood Ctr, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, 310 E 67th St, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM bkoblin@nybloodcenter.org FU New York Blood Center [3UR6PS000437-03W1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3UR6PS000437-03W1] FX This study was supported by a cooperative agreement between the New York Blood Center and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (3UR6PS000437-03W1). NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834f9833 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 894FC UT WOS:000300411500010 PM 22156967 ER PT J AU Gupta, M MacNeil, A Reed, ZD Rollin, PE Spiropoulou, CF AF Gupta, Manisha MacNeil, Adam Reed, Zachary D. Rollin, Pierre E. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Serology and cytokine profiles in patients infected with the newly discovered Bundibugyo ebolavirus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bundibugyo ebolavirus; Cytokines; Hemorrhagic fever ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; VIRUS INFECTION; IL-10; APOPTOSIS; RESPONSES; DISEASE; IGG AB A new species of Ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, was discovered in an outbreak in western Uganda in November 2007. To study the correlation between fatal infection and immune response in Bundibugyo ebolavirus infection, viral antigen, antibodies, and 17 soluble factors important for innate immunity were examined in 44 patient samples. Using Luminex assays, we found that fatal infection was associated with high levels of viral antigen, low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and high levels of immunosuppressor cytokines like IL-10. Also, acute infected patients died in spite of generating high levels of antibodies against the virus. Thus, our results imply that disease severity in these patients is not due to the multi-organ failure and septic shock caused by a flood of inflammatory cytokines, as seen in infections with other Ebolavirus species. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gupta, Manisha; MacNeil, Adam; Reed, Zachary D.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, NCEZID, DHCPP, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Gupta, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, NCEZID, DHCPP, G-14,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM mgupta@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB 20 PY 2012 VL 423 IS 2 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.11.027 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 885TI UT WOS:000299803300002 PM 22197674 ER PT J AU Donato, GM Goldsmith, CS Paddock, CD Eby, JC Gray, MC Hewlett, EL AF Donato, Gina M. Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Paddock, Christopher D. Eby, Joshua C. Gray, Mary C. Hewlett, Erik L. TI Delivery of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin to target cells via outer membrane vesicles SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bordetella; Outer membrane vesicles; Adenylate cyclase toxin; cAMP; Intoxication ID VIRULENCE FACTORS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INTOXICATION; TRANSLOCATION; PATHOGENESIS; ASSOCIATION; CD11B/CD18; SECRETION; HEMOLYSIS AB Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) intoxicates cells by producing intracellular cAMP. B. pertussis outer membrane vesicles (OMV) contain ACT on their surface (OMV-ACT), but the properties of OMV-ACT were previously unknown. We found that B. pertussis in the lung from a fatal pertussis case contains OMV, suggesting an involvement in pathogenesis. OMV-ACT and ACT intoxicate cells with and without the toxin's receptor CD11b/CD18. Intoxication by ACT is blocked by antitoxin and anti-CD11b antibodies, but not by cytochalasin-D; in contrast, OMV-ACT is unaffected by either antibody and blocked by cytochalasin-D. Thus OMV-ACT can deliver ACT by processes distinct from those of ACT alone. (C) 2012 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Donato, Gina M.; Eby, Joshua C.; Gray, Mary C.; Hewlett, Erik L.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Goldsmith, Cynthia S.; Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donato, GM (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 1708 MR 6,345 Crispell Dr,Box 800419, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM gmd2n@virginia.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [AI18000] FX This work was supported by Grant AI18000 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2012 VL 586 IS 4 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.01.032 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 896RQ UT WOS:000300588600029 PM 22289177 ER PT J AU Laguette, N Rahm, N Sobhian, B Chable-Bessia, C Munch, J Snoeck, J Sauter, D Switzer, WM Heneine, W Kirchhoff, F Delsuc, F Telenti, A Benkirane, M AF Laguette, Nadine Rahm, Nadia Sobhian, Bijan Chable-Bessia, Christine Muench, Jan Snoeck, Joke Sauter, Daniel Switzer, William M. Heneine, Walid Kirchhoff, Frank Delsuc, Frederic Telenti, Amalio Benkirane, Monsef TI Evolutionary and Functional Analyses of the Interaction between the Myeloid Restriction Factor SAMHD1 and the Lentiviral Vpx Protein SO CELL HOST & MICROBE LA English DT Article ID AICARDI-GOUTIERES-SYNDROME; DETECTING POSITIVE SELECTION; CODON-SUBSTITUTION MODELS; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; AMINO-ACID SITES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HIV-1 INFECTION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; B30.2(SPRY) DOMAIN AB SAMHD1 has recently been identified as an HIV-1 restriction factor operating in myeloid cells. As a countermeasure, the Vpx accessory protein from HIV-2 and certain lineages of SIV have evolved to antagonize SAMHD1 by inducing its ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation. Here, we show that SAMHD1 experienced strong positive selection episodes during primate evolution that occurred in the Catarrhini ancestral branch prior to the separation between hominoids (gibbons and great apes) and Old World monkeys. The identification of SAMHD1 residues under positive selection led to mapping the Vpx-interaction domain of SAMHD1 to its C-terminal region. Importantly, we found that while SAMHD1 restriction activity toward HIV-1 is evolutionarily maintained, antagonism of SAMHD1 by Vpx is species-specific. The distinct evolutionary signature of SAMHD1 sheds light on the development of its antiviral specificity. C1 [Delsuc, Frederic] Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, Unite Mixte Rech 5554, Ctr Natl Rech Sci,Inst Rech Dev, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Laguette, Nadine; Sobhian, Bijan; Chable-Bessia, Christine; Benkirane, Monsef] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Inst Genet Humaine, Unite Propre Rech 1142, Mol Virol Lab, F-34000 Montpellier, France. [Rahm, Nadia; Snoeck, Joke; Telenti, Amalio] Univ Hosp Ctr, Inst Microbiol, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Rahm, Nadia; Snoeck, Joke; Telenti, Amalio] Univ Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Muench, Jan; Sauter, Daniel; Kirchhoff, Frank] Univ Ulm, Inst Mol Virol, Med Ctr, D-81089 Ulm, Germany. [Snoeck, Joke] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Rega Inst Med Res, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Switzer, William M.; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Delsuc, F (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, Unite Mixte Rech 5554, Ctr Natl Rech Sci,Inst Rech Dev, F-34095 Montpellier, France. EM frederic.delsuc@univ-montp2.fr; amalio.telenti@chuv.ch; bmonsef@igh.cnrs.fr RI Delsuc, Frederic/B-4381-2009 OI Delsuc, Frederic/0000-0002-6501-6287 FU SIDACTION; ERC [250333]; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [1.2.627.07.N.01]; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A_132863/1]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft FX We are grateful to Christine Goff met for critical reading of the manuscript, Sabine Chabalier-Laurent, Xuehua Li, Susanne Engelhart, Raquel Martinez, and Simon Meister for excellent assistance. We are also thankful to the many zoos and primate centers for providing the simian specimens, including the Duke Lemur Center (DLC). N.L. is recipient of SIDACTION fellowship. Work in M.B.'s laboratory was supported by ERC (250333), ANRS, SIDACTION, and FRM "Equipe labellisee FRM" to M.B. J.S. was supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, 1.2.627.07.N.01.). N.R. and A.T. are supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 31003A_132863/1). Work in F.K.'s laboratory was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is contribution ISEM 2012-015 of the Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier. We are grateful to Montpellier RIO Imaging for help with the microscopy analyses. This is DLC publication #1214. NR 60 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 2 U2 14 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1931-3128 J9 CELL HOST MICROBE JI Cell Host Microbe PD FEB 16 PY 2012 VL 11 IS 2 BP 205 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.chom.2012.01.007 PG 13 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 900WP UT WOS:000300922700012 PM 22305291 ER PT J AU Mancuso, JD Mazurek, GH Tribble, D Olsen, C Aronson, NE Geiter, L Goodwin, D Keep, LW AF Mancuso, James D. Mazurek, Gerald H. Tribble, David Olsen, Cara Aronson, Naomi E. Geiter, Lawrence Goodwin, Donald Keep, Lisa W. TI Discordance among Commercially Available Diagnostics for Latent Tuberculosis Infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis screening; interferon-gamma release assays; nontuberculous mycobacteria ID GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS; RISK ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; SKIN-TEST ANTIGENS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; TESTS; PREVALENCE; DISEASE; TB AB Rationale: There is uncertainty regarding how to interpret discordance between tests for latent tuberculosis infection. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess discordance between commercially available tests for latent tuberculosis in a low-prevalence population, including the impact of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparison study among 2,017 military recruits at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, from April to June 2009. Several tests were performed simultaneously with a risk factor questionnaire, including (1) QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test, (2) T-SPOT. TB test, (3) tuberculin skin test, and (4) Battey skin test using purified protein derivative from the Battey bacillus. Measurements and Main Results: In this low-prevalence population, the specificities of the three commercially available diagnostic tests were not significantly different. Of the 88 subjects with a positive test, only 10 (11.4%) were positive to all three tests; 20 (22.7%) were positive to at least two tests. Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination, tuberculosis prevalence in country of birth, and Battey skin test reaction size were associated with tuberculin skin test-positive, IFN-gamma release assay-negative test discordance. Increasing agreement between the three tests was associated with epidemiologic criteria indicating risk of infection and with quantitative test results. Conclusions: For most positive results the three tests identified different people, suggesting that in low-prevalence populations most discordant results are caused by false-positives. False-positive tuberculin skin test reactions associated with reactivity to nontuberculous mycobacteria and bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination may account for a proportion of test discordance observed. C1 [Mancuso, James D.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Prevent Med Residency Program, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mancuso, James D.; Tribble, David; Olsen, Cara; Keep, Lisa W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Aronson, Naomi E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Geiter, Lawrence] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, TB Prod Unit, Rockville, MD USA. [Goodwin, Donald] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Mancuso, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Prevent Med Residency Program, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM james.mancuso@us.army.mil FU Department of Defense through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX Supported by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, a Department of Defense program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the NIH, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Defense, or the Departments of the Army, Navy, or Air Force. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the US Government. The Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (Bethesda, MD) participated in all phases of the study, including design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Oxford Immunotec (Marlborough, MA) performed T-Spot testing (masked) as an in-kind contribution, but played no other role in the design, conduct, collection, management, analysis, interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Laboratory and technical support was also provided by the US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of TB Elimination. NR 45 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 185 IS 4 BP 427 EP 434 DI 10.1164/rccm.201107-1244OC PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 897EY UT WOS:000300629900015 PM 22161162 ER PT J AU Hettick, JM Siegel, PD Green, BJ Liu, J Wisnewski, AV AF Hettick, Justin M. Siegel, Paul D. Green, Brett J. Liu, Jian Wisnewski, Adam V. TI Vapor conjugation of toluene diisocyanate to specific lysines of human albumin SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Toluene diisocyanate; Human serum albumin; Tandem mass spectrometry; Allergy ID HUMAN SERUM-ALBUMIN; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; ISOCYANATE; ANTIBODIES; WORKERS; INTERFACE; ADDUCTS; IGE; ANTIGENICITY AB Exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI), an industrially important crosslinking agent used in the production of polyurethane products, can cause asthma in sensitive workers. Albumin has been identified as a major reaction target for TDI in vivo, and TDI-albumin reaction products have been proposed to serve as exposure biomarkers and to act as asthmagens, yet they remain incompletely characterized. In the current study, we used a multiplexed tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approach to identify the sites of albumin conjugation by TDI vapors, modeling the air/liquid interface of the lung. Vapor phase TDI was found to react with human albumin in a dose-dependent manner, with up to 18 potential sites of conjugation, the most susceptible being Lys351 and the dilysine site Lys413-414. Sites of vapor TDI conjugation to albumin were quantitatively limited compared with those recently described for liquid phase TDI, especially in domains IIA and IIIB of albumin. We hypothesize that the orientation of albumin at the air/liquid interface plays an important role in vapor TDI conjugation and, thus, could influence biological responses to exposure and the development of in vitro assays for exposure and immune sensitivity. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hettick, Justin M.; Siegel, Paul D.; Green, Brett J.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Liu, Jian; Wisnewski, Adam V.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Hettick, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jhettick@cdc.gov RI Hettick, Justin/E-9955-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R42ES018021, R42ES016728] FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The work was supported by funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, R42ES018021 and R42ES016728) to A.V.W. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 421 IS 2 BP 706 EP 711 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2011.12.013 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 895WW UT WOS:000300528400045 PM 22206939 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Pickle, LW Ghosh, K Naishadham, D Portier, K Chen, HS Kim, HJ Zou, ZH Cucinelli, J Kohler, B Edwards, BK King, J Feuer, EJ Jemal, A AF Zhu, Li Pickle, Linda W. Ghosh, Kaushik Naishadham, Deepa Portier, Kenneth Chen, Huann-Sheng Kim, Hyune-Ju Zou, Zhaohui Cucinelli, James Kohler, Betsy Edwards, Brenda K. King, Jessica Feuer, Eric J. Jemal, Ahmedin TI Predicting US- and state-level cancer counts for the current calendar year SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cancer incidence; cancer surveillance; Surveillance; Epidemiology; and End Results (SEER); National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR); spatiotemporal; projection methods ID UNITED-STATES; RATES; MORTALITY; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the spatiotemporal projection models applied by the American Cancer Society to predict the number of new cancer cases. METHODS. Adaptations of a model that has been used since 2007 were evaluated. Modeling is conducted in 3 steps. In step I, ecologic predictors of spatiotemporal variation are used to estimate age-specific incidence counts for every county in the country, providing an estimate even in those areas that are missing data for specific years. Step II adjusts the step I estimates for reporting delays. In step III, the delay-adjusted predictions are projected 4 years ahead to the current calendar year. Adaptations of the original model include updating covariates and evaluating alternative projection methods. Residual analysis and evaluation of 5 temporal projection methods were conducted. RESULTS. The differences between the spatiotemporal model-estimated case counts and the observed case counts for 2007 were < 1%. After delays in reporting of cases were considered, the difference was 2.5% for women and 3.3% for men. Residual analysis indicated no significant pattern that suggested the need for additional covariates. The vector autoregressive model was identified as the best temporal projection method. CONCLUSIONS. The current spatiotemporal prediction model is adequate to provide reasonable estimates of case counts. To project the estimated case counts ahead 4 years, the vector autoregressive model is recommended to be the best temporal projection method for producing estimates closest to the observed case counts. Cancer 2012;118:1100-9. (C) 2012 American Cancer Society. C1 [Zhu, Li; Chen, Huann-Sheng; Edwards, Brenda K.; Feuer, Eric J.] NCI, Surveillance Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pickle, Linda W.] StatNet Consulting LLC, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Ghosh, Kaushik] Univ Nevada, Dept Math Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Portier, Kenneth] Amer Canc Soc, Stat & Evaluat Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Hyune-Ju] Syracuse Univ, Dept Math, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Zou, Zhaohui; Cucinelli, James] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kohler, Betsy] N Amer Assoc Cent Canc Registries, Springfield, IL USA. [King, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), NCI, Surveillance Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM li.zhu@nih.gov RI Chen, Huann-Sheng/D-6328-2013 OI Chen, Huann-Sheng/0000-0002-5905-8050 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HHSN261201100094P, HHSN261201000671P, HHSN261201000509P] FX Dr. Pickle's work is supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) contract HHSN261201100094P. Dr. Ghosh's work is supported by NIH contract HHSN261201000671P. Dr. Kim's work is partially supported by NIH contract HHSN261201000509P. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 118 IS 4 BP 1100 EP 1109 DI 10.1002/cncr.27405 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 886EF UT WOS:000299834300029 PM 22228583 ER PT J AU Campo, DS Dimitrova, Z Yokosawa, J Hoang, D Perez, NO Ramachandran, S Khudyakov, Y AF Campo, David S. Dimitrova, Zoya Yokosawa, Jonny Duc Hoang Perez, Nestor O. Ramachandran, Sumathi Khudyakov, Yury TI Hepatitis C Virus Antigenic Convergence SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HYPERVARIABLE REGION 1; REACTIVE ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CHRONIC INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VARIANTS; PROTEIN; PROGRESSION; VACCINATION AB Vaccine development against hepatitis C virus (HCV) is hindered by poor understanding of factors defining cross-immunoreactivity among heterogeneous epitopes. Using synthetic peptides and mouse immunization as a model, we conducted a quantitative analysis of cross-immunoreactivity among variants of the HCV hypervariable region 1 (HVR1). Analysis of 26,883 immunological reactions among pairs of peptides showed that the distribution of cross-immunoreactivity among HVR1 variants was skewed, with antibodies against a few variants reacting with all tested peptides. The HVR1 cross-immunoreactivity was accurately modeled based on amino acid sequence alone. The tested peptides were mapped in the HVR1 sequence space, which was visualized as a network of 11,319 sequences. The HVR1 variants with a greater network centrality showed a broader cross-immunoreactivity. The entire sequence space is explored by each HCV genotype and subtype. These findings indicate that HVR1 antigenic diversity is extensively convergent and effectively limited, suggesting significant implications for vaccine development. C1 [Campo, David S.; Dimitrova, Zoya; Yokosawa, Jonny; Duc Hoang; Perez, Nestor O.; Ramachandran, Sumathi; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Yokosawa, Jonny] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Virol Lab, Inst Ciencias Biomed, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Duc Hoang] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Perez, Nestor O.] Probiomed SA, Tenancingo, Mexico. RP Campo, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM fyv6@cdc.gov RI Campo, David S./C-5072-2011; Perez, Nestor/O-2998-2013 OI Campo, David S./0000-0002-8970-3436; Perez, Nestor/0000-0002-4043-1097 FU CONACyT Mexico [2004-C01-421] FX Chrys Lynberg for computational support; Yulin Lin for providing HVR1 sequences; Guo-Liang Xia for database management; and Livia Rossi for help in genotyping. NOP was supported by CONACyT Mexico project 2004-C01-421. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 267 DI 10.1038/srep00267 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 896PW UT WOS:000300582800001 PM 22355779 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM Schleiff, PL Henneberger, PK AF Mazurek, Jacek M. Schleiff, Patricia L. Henneberger, Paul K. TI Is Childhood Asthma Associated With Educational Level and Longest-Held Occupation? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE counseling; healthy worker effect; occupational health; vocational guidance ID WORK-RELATED ASTHMA; PHYSICIAN-DIAGNOSED ASTHMA; YOUNG-ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; FOLLOW-UP; ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES; JOB SELECTION; LIFE; ADOLESCENCE; EXPOSURE AB Children with asthma can experience chronic morbidity that may interfere with education and career progression. The authors investigated retrospectively whether a history of childhood asthma is associated with educational level and longest-held occupation, by gender. Cross-sectional analysis included a nationally representative sample of 10,452 adults aged >= 20 years who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2004). Logistic regression was used to assess associations between a childhood-asthma history and educational level, employment, and longest-held occupation. An estimated 6.9% of men and 5.8% of women had a childhood-asthma history. Persons with a childhood-asthma history tended to have a higher educational level than those with no asthma history. Among those who ever worked, and after adjustment for age and race/ethnicity, men with a childhood-asthma history were more likely to work in health-diagnosing occupations, other professional occupations, and as cooks; women with a childhood-asthma history were more likely to work in management-related, entertainment-related, and health service occupations. Compared with those with no asthma history, persons with a childhood-asthma history tended to achieve a higher educational level and, if they worked, were more likely to work in particular occupations. C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Mailstop HG 900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jmazurek1@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 175 IS 4 BP 279 EP 288 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr300 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 888ZC UT WOS:000300042200005 PM 22223711 ER PT J AU LaRocque, RC Rao, SR Lee, J Ansdell, V Yates, JA Schwartz, BS Knouse, M Cahill, J Hagmann, S Vinetz, J Connor, BA Goad, JA Oladele, A Alvarez, S Stauffer, W Walker, P Kozarsky, P Franco-Paredes, C Dismukes, R Rosen, J Hynes, NA Jacquerioz, F McLellan, S Hale, D Sofarelli, T Schoenfeld, D Marano, N Brunette, G Jentes, ES Yanni, E Sotir, MJ Ryan, ET AF LaRocque, Regina C. Rao, Sowmya R. Lee, Jennifer Ansdell, Vernon Yates, Johnnie A. Schwartz, Brian S. Knouse, Mark Cahill, John Hagmann, Stefan Vinetz, Joseph Connor, Bradley A. Goad, Jeffery A. Oladele, Alawode Alvarez, Salvador Stauffer, William Walker, Patricia Kozarsky, Phyllis Franco-Paredes, Carlos Dismukes, Roberta Rosen, Jessica Hynes, Noreen A. Jacquerioz, Frederique McLellan, Susan Hale, DeVon Sofarelli, Theresa Schoenfeld, David Marano, Nina Brunette, Gary Jentes, Emily S. Yanni, Emad Sotir, Mark J. Ryan, Edward T. CA Global TravEpiNet Consortium TI Global TravEpiNet: A National Consortium of Clinics Providing Care to International Travelers-Analysis of Demographic Characteristics, Travel Destinations, and Pretravel Healthcare of High-Risk US International Travelers, 2009-2011 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASES AB Background. International travel poses a risk of destination-specific illness and may contribute to the global spread of infectious diseases. Despite this, little is known about the health characteristics and pretravel healthcare of US international travelers, particularly those at higher risk of travel-associated illness. Methods. We formed a national consortium (Global TravEpiNet) of 18 US clinics registered to administer yellow fever vaccination. We collected data regarding demographic and health characteristics, destinations, purpose of travel, and pretravel healthcare from 13 235 international travelers who sought pretravel consultation at these sites from January 2009 through January 2011. Results. The destinations and itineraries of Global TravEpiNet travelers differed from those of the overall population of US international travelers. The majority of Global TravEpiNet travelers were visiting low-or lower-middle-income countries, and Africa was the most frequently visited region. Seventy-five percent of travelers were visiting malaria-endemic countries, and 38% were visiting countries endemic for yellow fever. Fifty-nine percent of travelers reported >= 1 medical condition. Atovaquone/proguanil was the most commonly prescribed antimalarial drug, and most travelers received an antibiotic for self-treatment of travelers' diarrhea. Hepatitis A and typhoid were the most frequently administered vaccines. Conclusions. Data from Global TravEpiNet provide insight into the characteristics and pretravel healthcare of US international travelers who are at increased risk of travel-associated illness due to itinerary, purpose of travel, or existing medical conditions. Improved understanding of this epidemiologically significant population may help target risk-reduction strategies and interventions to limit the spread of infections related to global travel. C1 [LaRocque, Regina C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Travelers Advice & Immunizat Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.; Schoenfeld, David] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Biostat, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Lee, Jennifer] NW Mem Hosp, Travel & Immunizat Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ansdell, Vernon; Yates, Johnnie A.] Kaiser Permanente Honolulu, Travel Med Clin, Honolulu, HI USA. [Schwartz, Brian S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Travel Med & Immunizat Clin, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Knouse, Mark] Lehigh Valley Hlth Network, Allentown, PA USA. [Cahill, John] St Lukes Roosevelt, Travel & Immunizat Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Hagmann, Stefan] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx Ctr Travel & Int Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Vinetz, Joseph] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Travel Clin, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Connor, Bradley A.] Cornell Univ, New York Ctr Travel & Trop Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Goad, Jeffery A.] Univ So Calif, Int Travel Med Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Oladele, Alawode] DeKalb Cty Board Hlth Travel Serv, Decatur, GA USA. [Alvarez, Salvador] Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Stauffer, William; Walker, Patricia] HealthPartners Travel Med Clin, St Paul, MN USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis; Franco-Paredes, Carlos; Dismukes, Roberta] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rosen, Jessica] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Hynes, Noreen A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Jacquerioz, Frederique; McLellan, Susan] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hale, DeVon; Sofarelli, Theresa] Univ Utah, Int Travel Clin, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Marano, Nina; Brunette, Gary; Jentes, Emily S.; Yanni, Emad; Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP LaRocque, RC (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Travelers Advice & Immunizat Ctr, GRJ 504,55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM rclarocque@partners.org OI Vinetz, Joseph/0000-0001-8344-2004 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U19CI000514, U01CK000175]; Salix Pharmaceuticals; Elsevier Publishing; Novartis Vaccines; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck FX This work was supported by grants from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; U19CI000514 and U01CK000175).; B. A. C. has received grant support from Salix Pharmaceuticals, royalties from Elsevier Publishing, and payment for lectures from Novartis Vaccines, GlaxoSmithKline, and Salix Pharmaceuticals. J. A. G. has received payment for lectures from Merck. P. K. has consulted for Crucell Biologics, has received payment for lectures from GlaxoSmithKline, has received royalties from Elsevier Publishing, and has received an honorarium for the development of educational materials from Sanofi. All other authors report no potential conflicts. NR 19 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 BP 455 EP 462 DI 10.1093/cid/cir839 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 888YM UT WOS:000300040600003 PM 22144534 ER PT J AU Neil, KP Biggerstaff, G MacDonald, JK Trees, E Medus, C Musser, KA Stroika, SG Zink, D Sotir, MJ AF Neil, Karen P. Biggerstaff, Gwen MacDonald, J. Kathryn Trees, Eija Medus, Carlota Musser, Kimberlee A. Stroika, Steven G. Zink, Don Sotir, Mark J. TI A Novel Vehicle for Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Humans: Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 Infections Associated With Consumption of Ready-to-Bake Commercial Prepackaged Cookie Dough-United States, 2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; O157-H7 INFECTIONS; CONTAMINATED CHOCOLATE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; SHIGELLA; EXPOSURE; DIARRHEA; SPINACH; LETTUCE; BARS AB Background. Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) associated with numerous foodborne outbreaks in the United States and is an important cause of bacterial gastrointestinal illness. In May 2009, we investigated a multistate outbreak of E. coli O157: H7 infections. Methods. Outbreak-associated cases were identified using serotyping and molecular subtyping procedures. Traceback investigation and product testing were performed. A matched case-control study was conducted to identify exposures associated with illness using age-, sex-, and state-matched controls. Results. Seventy-seven patients with illnesses during the period 16 March-8 July 2009 were identified from 30 states; 35 were hospitalized, 10 developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and none died. Sixty-six percent of patients were <19 years; 71% were female. In the case-control study, 33 of 35 case patients (94%) consumed ready-to-bake commercial prepackaged cookie dough, compared with 4 of 36 controls (11%) (matched odds ratio = 41.3; P<.001); no other reported exposures were significantly associated with illness. Among case patients consuming cookie dough, 94% reported brand A. Three nonoutbreak STEC strains were isolated from brand A cookie dough. The investigation led to a recall of 3.6 million packages of brand A cookie dough and a product reformulation. Conclusions. This is the first reported STEC outbreak associated with consuming ready-to-bake commercial prepackaged cookie dough. Despite instructions to bake brand A cookie dough before eating, case patients consumed the product uncooked. Manufacturers should consider formulating ready-to-bake commercial prepackaged cookie dough to be as safe as a ready-to-eat product. More effective consumer education about the risks of eating unbaked cookie dough is needed. C1 [Neil, Karen P.; Biggerstaff, Gwen; Trees, Eija; Stroika, Steven G.; Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neil, Karen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MacDonald, J. Kathryn] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Medus, Carlota] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Musser, Kimberlee A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bacteriol Lab, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Zink, Don] US FDA, Off Ctr Director, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Neil, KP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kneil@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 4 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1093/cid/cir831 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 888YM UT WOS:000300040600010 PM 22157169 ER PT J AU Sawyer, MH Hoerger, TJ Murphy, TV Schillie, SF Hu, D Spradling, PR Byrd, KK Xing, J Reilly, ML Tohme, RA Moorman, A Smith, EA Baack, BN Jiles, RB Klevens, M Ward, JW Kahn, HS Zhou, FJ AF Sawyer, Mark H. Hoerger, Thomas J. Murphy, Trudy V. Schillie, Sarah F. Hu, Dale Spradling, Philip R. Byrd, Kathy K. Xing, Jian Reilly, Meredith L. Tohme, Rania A. Moorman, Anne Smith, Emily A. Baack, Brittney N. Jiles, Ruth B. Klevens, Monina Ward, John W. Kahn, Henry S. Zhou, Fangjun TI Use of Hepatitis B Vaccination for Adults With Diabetes Mellitus: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1709-1711, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INFECTION C1 [Murphy, Trudy V.; Schillie, Sarah F.; Hu, Dale; Spradling, Philip R.; Byrd, Kathy K.; Xing, Jian; Reilly, Meredith L.; Tohme, Rania A.; Moorman, Anne; Smith, Emily A.; Baack, Brittney N.; Jiles, Ruth B.; Klevens, Monina; Ward, John W.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sawyer, Mark H.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Sawyer, Mark H.] Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. [Hoerger, Thomas J.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kahn, Henry S.] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhou, Fangjun] CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Murphy, TV (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tvmurphy@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 7 BP 659 EP 662 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 892HY UT WOS:000300278500010 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Cohrs, RJ Nagel, MA Mahalingam, R Schmid, DS Choe, A Gilden, D AF Tsai, Jean Cohrs, Randall J. Nagel, Maria A. Mahalingam, Ravi Schmid, D. Scott Choe, Alexander Gilden, Don TI Reactivation of type 1 herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus in an immunosuppressed patient with acute peripheral facial weakness SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE VZV; HSV; Peripheral facial weakness ID RAMSAY-HUNT-SYNDROME; VZV IGG ANTIBODY; BELLS-PALSY; SINE HERPETE; INFECTION; PREDNISOLONE; CHILDREN; SALIVA; CELLS; CSF AB We describe a 26-year-old man treated with azathioprine for myasthenia gravis who developed acute left-sided peripheral facial weakness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed enhancement in the left geniculate ganglion and in the intracanalicular and tympanic segments of the facial nerve. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum revealed intrathecal synthesis of anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG antibody. Although previous analyses of saliva, blood mononuclear cells, serum antibodies, middle ear fluid, and auricular and geniculate zone skin scrapings have shown that a small but definite proportion of patients with idiopathic peripheral facial palsy ("Bell's palsy") have the Ramsay Hunt syndrome zoster sine herpete (RHS ZSH), this is the first confirmation of RHS ZSH by intrathecal synthesis of anti-VZV IgG antibody. In addition, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 DNA was found in saliva of the patient on 3 consecutive days. Simultaneous reactivation of two alphaherpesviruses (HSV-1 and VZV) in our immunosuppressed patient underscores the need to consider opportunistic infection as a cause of facial weakness. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsai, Jean; Cohrs, Randall J.; Nagel, Maria A.; Mahalingam, Ravi; Choe, Alexander; Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Aurora, CO USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), 12700 E 19th Ave,Mail Stop B182, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM don.gilden@ucdenver.edu FU Public Health Service from National Institutes of Health [AG006127, AG032958] FX This work was supported in part by Public Health Service grants AG006127 and AG032958 from the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank Marina Hoffman for editorial review and Cathy Allen for manuscript preparation. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 313 IS 1-2 BP 193 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2011.08.040 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 888BM UT WOS:000299978800036 PM 21924743 ER PT J AU Branson, BM Stekler, JD AF Branson, Bernard M. Stekler, Joanne D. TI Detection of Acute HIV Infection: We Can't Close the Window SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NUCLEIC-ACID; P24 ANTIGEN; TRANSMISSION; TESTS; RNA C1 [Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stekler, Joanne D.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Branson, BM (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbranson@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 4 BP 521 EP 524 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir793 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 885QU UT WOS:000299795000001 PM 22207652 ER PT J AU Brewoo, JN Kinney, RM Powell, TD Arguello, JJ Silengo, SJ Partidos, CD Huang, CYH Stinchcomb, DT Osorio, JE AF Brewoo, Joseph N. Kinney, Richard M. Powell, Tim D. Arguello, John J. Silengo, Shawn J. Partidos, Charalambos D. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Stinchcomb, Dan T. Osorio, Jorge E. TI Immunogenicity and efficacy of chimeric dengue vaccine (DENVax) formulations in interferon-deficient AG129 mice SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Dengue; Dengue vaccines; DENVax; AG129 mice; Dengue 2 PDK-53 chimeras ID ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; VIRUS-VACCINE; STRAIN 16681; CANDIDATE VACCINE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ADULT VOLUNTEERS; MOUSE MODEL; INFECTION; CLONES AB Formulations of chimeric dengue vaccine (DENVax) viruses containing the pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of serotypes 1-4 expressed in the context of the attenuated DENV-2 PDK-53 genome were tested for safety, immunogenicity and efficacy in interferon receptor knock-out mice (AG129). Monovalent formulations were safe and elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses to the homologous virus and only limited cross-reactivity to other serotypes. A single dose of monovalent DENVax-1, -2, or -3 vaccine provided eighty or greater percent protection against both wild-type (wt) DENV-1 (Mochizuki strain) and DENV-2 (New Guinea C strain) challenge viruses. A single dose of monovalent DENVax-4 also provided complete protection against wt DENV-1 challenge and significantly increased the survival times after challenge with wt DENV-2. In studies using tetravalent mixtures, DENVax ratios were identified that: (i) caused limited viremia, (ii) induced serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies to all four DENV serotypes with different hierarchies, and (iii) conferred full protection against clinical signs of disease following challenge with either wt DENV-1 or DENV-2 viruses. Overall, these data highlight the immunogenic profile of DENVax, a novel candidate tetravalent dengue vaccine and the advantage of sharing a common attenuated genomic backbone among the DENVax monovalent vaccines that confer protection against homologous or heterologous virus challenge. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brewoo, Joseph N.; Powell, Tim D.; Arguello, John J.; Silengo, Shawn J.; Partidos, Charalambos D.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.; Osorio, Jorge E.] Inviragen Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Brewoo, Joseph N.; Powell, Tim D.; Arguello, John J.; Silengo, Shawn J.; Partidos, Charalambos D.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.; Osorio, Jorge E.] Inviragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Kinney, Richard M.; Arguello, John J.; Silengo, Shawn J.; Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Osorio, Jorge E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Osorio, JE (reprint author), Inviragen Inc, Madison, WI USA. EM osorio@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu OI Stinchcomb, Dan/0000-0002-3634-7503 FU NIH [5-U01-AI070443] FX These studies were partially supported by NIH Grant 5-U01-AI070443. We are grateful to Cooper Rosin and Joanna Paykel for technical assistance and Steven Radecki for statistical analysis. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 14 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1513 EP 1520 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.072 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 907EQ UT WOS:000301401000013 PM 22178727 ER PT J AU Chunara, R Chhaya, V Bane, S Mekaru, SR Chan, EH Freifeld, CC Brownstein, JS AF Chunara, Rumi Chhaya, Vina Bane, Sunetra Mekaru, Sumiko R. Chan, Emily H. Freifeld, Clark C. Brownstein, John S. TI Online reporting for malaria surveillance using micro-monetary incentives, in urban India 2010-2011 SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Self-report; Participatory; Incentives; Internet; Surveillance ID GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; BURDEN AB Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the use of novel surveillance tools in a malaria endemic region where prevalence information is limited. Specifically, online reporting for participatory epidemiology was used to gather information about malaria spread directly from the public. Individuals in India were incentivized to self-report their recent experience with malaria by micro-monetary payments. Methods: Self-reports about malaria diagnosis status and related information were solicited online via Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Responders were paid $0.02 to answer survey questions regarding their recent experience with malaria. Timing of the peak volume of weekly self-reported malaria diagnosis in 2010 was compared to other available metrics such as the volume over time of and information about the epidemic from media sources. Distribution of Plasmodium species reports were compared with values from the literature. The study was conducted in summer 2010 during a malaria outbreak in Mumbai and expanded to other cities during summer 2011, and prevalence from self-reports in 2010 and 2011 was contrasted. Results: Distribution of Plasmodium species diagnosis through self-report in 2010 revealed 59% for Plasmodium vivax, which is comparable to literature reports of the burden of P. vivax in India (between 50 and 69%). Self-reported Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis was 19% and during the 2010 outbreak and the estimated burden was between 10 and 15%. Prevalence between 2010 and 2011 via self-reports decreased significantly from 36.9% to 19.54% in Mumbai (p = 0.001), and official reports also confirmed a prevalence decrease in 2011. Conclusions: With careful study design, micro-monetary incentives and online reporting are a rapid way to solicit malaria, and potentially other public health information. This methodology provides a cost-effective way of executing a field study that can act as a complement to traditional public health surveillance methods, offering an opportunity to obtain information about malaria activity, temporal progression, demographics affected or Plasmodium-specific diagnosis at a finer resolution than official reports can provide. The recent adoption of technologies, such as the Internet supports self-reporting mediums, and self-reporting should continue to be studied as it can foster preventative health behaviours. C1 [Chunara, Rumi; Brownstein, John S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chunara, Rumi; Bane, Sunetra; Mekaru, Sumiko R.; Chan, Emily H.; Freifeld, Clark C.; Brownstein, John S.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Emergency Med, Informat Program, Boston, MA USA. [Chhaya, Vina] ASPH CDC Allan Rosenfield Global Hlth Fellowship, Washington, DC USA. [Mekaru, Sumiko R.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. [Freifeld, Clark C.] Boston Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Brownstein, John S.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Chunara, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rumi@alum.mit.edu FU Google.org; National Library of Medicine [5G08LM9776-2, 5R01LM010812-02] FX The authors disclose no conflict of interest related to the manuscript. Financial support for this study was provided by research grants from Google.org and the National Library of Medicine (5G08LM9776-2) and (5R01LM010812-02). NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 13 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 43 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-43 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 909XM UT WOS:000301600400001 PM 22330227 ER PT J AU Edmond, KM Kortsalioudaki, C Scott, S Schrag, SJ Zaidi, AKM Cousens, S Heath, PT AF Edmond, Karen M. Kortsalioudaki, Christina Scott, Susana Schrag, Stephanie J. Zaidi, Anita K. M. Cousens, Simon Heath, Paul T. TI Group B streptococcal disease in infants aged younger than 3 months: systematic review and meta-analysis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS; INTRAPARTUM ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; UNITED-STATES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KOREAN CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION AB Background Despite widespread use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, group B streptococcus remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants in Europe, the Americas, and Australia. However, estimates of disease burden in many countries outside of these regions is not available. We aimed to examine the current global burden of invasive disease and the serotype distribution of group B streptococcus isolates. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Wholis databases for studies on invasive early-onset (day 0-6) and late-onset (day 7-89) group B streptococcal disease. Eligible studies were those that described incidence, deaths, or serotypes. We also reviewed reference lists and contacted experts to seek unpublished data and data missed by our search. Random effects meta-analysis was used to pool data. Findings 74 studies met the inclusion criteria; 56 studies reported incidence, 29 case fatality, and 19 serotype distribution. An additional search for studies that reported serotype distribution from Jan 1, 1980, yielded a total of 38 articles. Only five low-income countries were represented in the review and contributed 5% weight to the meta-analysis. 47 (69%) studies reported use of any intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. Substantial heterogeneity existed between studies. Mean incidence of group B streptococcus in infants aged 0-89 days was 0.53 per 1000 livebirths (95% CI 0.44-0.62) and the mean case fatality ratio was 9.6% (95% CI 7.5-11.8). Incidence of early-onset group B streptococcus (0.43 per 1000 livebirths [95% CI 0.37-0.49]) and case fatality (12.1%, [6.2-18.3]) were two-times higher than late-onset disease. Serotype III (48.9%) was the most frequently identified serotype in all regions with available data followed by serotypes Ia (22.9%), Ib (7.0%), II (6.2%), and V (9.1%). Studies that reported use of any intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis were associated with lower incidence of early-onset group B streptococcus (0.23 per 1000 livebirths [95% CI 0.13-0.59]) than studies in which patients did not use prophylaxis (0.75 per 1000 livebirths [0.58-0.89]). Interpretation More high-quality studies are needed to accurately estimate the global burden of group B streptococcus, especially in low-income countries. A conjugate vaccine incorporating five serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, V) could prevent most global group B streptococcal disease. C1 [Edmond, Karen M.; Scott, Susana; Cousens, Simon] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1 7HT, England. [Heath, Paul T.] Univ London, St Georges Hosp, Child Hlth & Vaccine Inst, London, England. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zaidi, Anita K. M.] Aga Khan Univ, Karachi, Pakistan. RP Edmond, KM (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1 7HT, England. EM karen.edmond@lshtm.ac.uk FU Child Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG); WHO; Novartis vaccines FX Child Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG), WHO.; PTH is an investigator for clinical trials done on behalf of St George's, University of London, London, UK, sponsored by vaccine manufacturers including Novartis vaccines and is a consultant to Novartis on group B streptococcus vaccines. Industry-sourced honoraria for consultancy by PTH are paid to an educational/administrative fund held by St George's, University of London, London, UK. All other authors declare no conflicts of interests. NR 90 TC 169 Z9 180 U1 7 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD FEB 11 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9815 BP 547 EP 556 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61651-6 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 891AO UT WOS:000300188800031 PM 22226047 ER PT J AU Sorensen, SW Sansom, SL Brooks, JT Marks, G Begier, EM Buchacz, K DiNenno, EA Mermin, JH Kilmarx, PH AF Sorensen, Stephen W. Sansom, Stephanie L. Brooks, John T. Marks, Gary Begier, Elizabeth M. Buchacz, Kate DiNenno, Elizabeth A. Mermin, Jonathan H. Kilmarx, Peter H. TI A Mathematical Model of Comprehensive Test-and-Treat Services and HIV Incidence among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; MALE CIRCUMCISION; MEDICAL-CARE; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; ANAL INTERCOURSE; PERSONS AWARE; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION AB Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection and suppression of viral load are potentially powerful interventions for reducing HIV incidence. A test-and-treat strategy may have long-term effects on the epidemic among urban men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States and may achieve the 5-year goals of the 2010 National AIDS Strategy that include: 1) lowering to 25% the annual number of new infections, 2) reducing by 30% the HIV transmission rate, 3) increasing to 90% the proportion of persons living with HIV infection who know their HIV status, 4) increasing to 85% the proportion of newly diagnosed patients linked to clinical care, and 5) increasing by 20% the proportion of HIV-infected MSM with an undetectable HIV RNA viral load. Methods and Findings: We constructed a dynamic compartmental model among MSM in an urban population (based on New York City) that projects new HIV infections over time. We compared the cumulative number of HIV infections in 20 years, assuming current annual testing rate and treatment practices, with new infections after improvements in the annual HIV testing rate, notification of test results, linkage to care, initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral load suppression. We also assessed whether five of the national HIV prevention goals could be met by the year 2015. Over a 20-year period, improvements in test-and-treat practice decreased the cumulative number of new infections by a predicted 39.3% to 69.1% in the urban population based on New York City. Institution of intermediate improvements in services would be predicted to meet at least four of the five goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy by the 2015 target. Conclusions: Improving the five components of a test-and-treat strategy could substantially reduce HIV incidence among urban MSM, and meet most of the five goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. C1 [Sorensen, Stephen W.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Brooks, John T.; Marks, Gary; Buchacz, Kate; DiNenno, Elizabeth A.; Mermin, Jonathan H.; Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Begier, Elizabeth M.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. RP Sansom, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sos9@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 54 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e29098 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0029098 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 924ZX UT WOS:000302730900002 PM 22347994 ER PT J AU Knight, M Berg, C Brocklehurst, P Kramer, M Lewis, G Oats, J Roberts, CL Spong, C Sullivan, E van Roosmalen, J Zwart, J AF Knight, Marian Berg, Cynthia Brocklehurst, Peter Kramer, Michael Lewis, Gwyneth Oats, Jeremy Roberts, Christine L. Spong, Catherine Sullivan, Elizabeth van Roosmalen, Jos Zwart, Joost TI Amniotic fluid embolism incidence, risk factors and outcomes: a review and recommendations SO BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH LA English DT Review ID SEVERE MATERNAL MORBIDITY; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; NETHERLANDS; PREGNANCY; DELIVERY AB Background: Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but severe complication of pregnancy. A recent systematic review highlighted apparent differences in the incidence, with studies estimating the incidence of AFE to be more than three times higher in North America than Europe. The aim of this study was to examine population-based regional or national data from five high-resource countries in order to investigate incidence, risk factors and outcomes of AFE and to investigate whether any variation identified could be ascribed to methodological differences between the studies. Methods: We reviewed available data sources on the incidence of AFE in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the USA. Where information was available, the risk factors and outcomes of AFE were examined. Results: The reported incidence of AFE ranged from 1.9 cases per 100 000 maternities (UK) to 6.1 per 100 000 maternities (Australia). There was a clear distinction between rates estimated using different methodologies. The lowest estimated incidence rates were obtained through validated case identification (range 1.9-2.5 cases per 100 000 maternities); rates obtained from retrospective analysis of population discharge databases were significantly higher (range 5.5-6.1 per 100 000 admissions with delivery diagnosis). Older maternal age and induction of labour were consistently associated with AFE. Conclusions: Recommendation 1: Comparisons of AFE incidence estimates should be restricted to studies using similar methodology. The recommended approaches would be either population-based database studies using additional criteria to exclude false positive cases, or tailored data collection using existing specific population-based systems. Recommendation 2: Comparisons of AFE incidence between and within countries would be facilitated by development of an agreed case definition and an agreed set of criteria to minimise inclusion of false positive cases for database studies. Recommendation 3: Groups conducting detailed population-based studies on AFE should develop an agreed strategy to allow combined analysis of data obtained using consistent methodologies in order to identify potentially modifiable risk factors. Recommendation 4: Future specific studies on AFE should aim to collect information on management and longer-term outcomes for both mothers and infants in order to guide best practice, counselling and service planning. C1 [Knight, Marian; Brocklehurst, Peter; Lewis, Gwyneth] Univ Oxford, Natl Perinatal Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Berg, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kramer, Michael] McGill Univ, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Kramer, Michael] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Fac Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Oats, Jeremy] Consultat Council Obstet & Paediat Mortal & Morbi, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Roberts, Christine L.] Univ Sydney, Royal N Shore Hosp, Kolling Inst Med Res, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Spong, Catherine] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pregnancy & Perinatol Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Sullivan, Elizabeth] Univ New S Wales, Perinatal & Reprod Epidemiol Res Unit, Sch Womens & Childrens Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [van Roosmalen, Jos; Zwart, Joost] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Knight, M (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Natl Perinatal Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. EM marian.knight@npeu.ox.ac.uk RI Knight, Marian/B-6225-2009; OI Knight, Marian/0000-0002-1984-4575; Sullivan, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8718-2753 FU National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford; National Institute for Health Research National Coordinating Centre for Research Capacity Development; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [RP-PG-0608-10038]; NHMRC; McKern Travelling Research Scholarship FX We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Ms Kate Fitzpatrick, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford in preparing UK figures. The workshop was funded by the National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford.; MK was supported by a personal fellowship from the National Institute for Health Research National Coordinating Centre for Research Capacity Development and this paper presents independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme (Programme Grant RP-PG-0608-10038). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.; CR was supported by a NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship and a McKern Travelling Research Scholarship. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2393 J9 BMC PREGNANCY CHILDB JI BMC Pregnancy Childbirth PD FEB 10 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1471-2393-12-7 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 908LP UT WOS:000301492200001 PM 22325370 ER PT J AU Gutman, J Kachur, SP Slutsker, L Nzila, A Mutabingwa, T AF Gutman, Julie Kachur, S. Patrick Slutsker, Laurence Nzila, Alexis Mutabingwa, Theonest TI Combination of probenecid-sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Malaria; Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine; Probenecid; Pregnancy ID ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTER; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEVERE CUTANEOUS REACTIONS; IMMUNE HEMOLYTIC-ANEMIA; IN-VITRO ACTIVITY; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE-DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY; CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS AB The antifolate sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been used in the intermittent prevention of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp). SP is an ideal choice for IPTp, however, as resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to SP increases, data are accumulating that SP may no longer provide benefit in areas of high-level resistance. Probenecid was initially used as an adjunctive therapy to increase the blood concentration of penicillin; it has since been used to augment concentrations of other drugs, including antifolates. The addition of probenecid has been shown to increase the treatment efficacy of SP against malaria, suggesting that the combination of probenecid plus SP may prolong the useful lifespan of SP as an effective agent for IPTp. Here, the literature on the pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, interactions and available data on the use of these drugs in pregnancy is reviewed, and the possible utility of an SP-probenecid combination is discussed. This article concludes by calling for further research into this potentially useful combination. C1 [Gutman, Julie; Kachur, S. Patrick] Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Nzila, Alexis] King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals, Dept Chem, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. [Mutabingwa, Theonest] Hubert Kairuki Mem Univ, Dept Community Med, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Gutman, J (reprint author), Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jgutman@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025008, KL2 rR025009]; Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium (MiP); Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) FX JG was supported in part by PHS Grant UL1 RR025008 and KL2 rR025009 from the Clinical and Translational Science Award program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources and in part by the Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium (MiP), which is funded through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. AN is grateful to King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) for support. NR 95 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 9 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 39 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-39 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 909XH UT WOS:000301599900001 PM 22321288 ER PT J AU Bolan, GA Sparling, PF Wasserheit, JN AF Bolan, Gail A. Sparling, P. Frederick Wasserheit, Judith N. TI The Emerging Threat of Untreatable Gonococcal Infection SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; RESISTANCE C1 [Bolan, Gail A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sparling, P. Frederick] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wasserheit, Judith N.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wasserheit, Judith N.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Wasserheit, Judith N.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bolan, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 6 TC 102 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 10 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 9 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 6 BP 485 EP 487 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GH UT WOS:000299991300002 PM 22316442 ER PT J AU Heininger, U Bachtiar, NS Bahri, P Dana, A Dodoo, A Gidudu, J dos Santos, EM AF Heininger, U. Bachtiar, N. S. Bahri, P. Dana, A. Dodoo, A. Gidudu, J. Matos dos Santos, E. CA CIOMS WHO Working Grp Vaccine TI The concept of vaccination failure SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Vaccination failure; Vaccine failure; AEFI (adverse events following immunization); Definition ID POLIO ERADICATION; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Despite remarkable success of immunization programmes on a global perspective, vaccines are neither 100% efficacious nor 100% effective. Therefore, vaccination failure, i.e. occurrence of a specific disease in an individual despite previous vaccination, may occur. Vaccination failure may be due to actual vaccine failure or failure to vaccinate appropriately. Universally accepted concepts and definitions of vaccination failure are required to assess and compare the benefit of vaccines used in populations. Here we propose general definitions for types of vaccination failure. In the future, these should be complemented by specific definitions for specific vaccines as needed depending on public health considerations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Heininger, U.] Univ Childrens Hosp UKBB, Div Infect Dis & Vaccines, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Bachtiar, N. S.] PT Bio Farma, Bandung, Indonesia. [Bahri, P.] European Med Agcy, London, England. [Dana, A.] Merck & Co Inc, N Wales, PA USA. [Dodoo, A.] Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Ctr Trop Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut, Accra, Ghana. [Gidudu, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Matos dos Santos, E.] Fiocruz MS, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Heininger, U (reprint author), Univ Childrens Hosp UKBB, Div Infect Dis & Vaccines, CH-4005 Basel, Switzerland. EM ulrich.heininger@ukbb.ch NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1265 EP 1268 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.048 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 909LL UT WOS:000301565900005 PM 22197579 ER PT J AU Marvin, MR Steele, M Green, SK Thoroughman, D Sugg, TJ Humbaugh, KE Vaz, LE Burchett, SK Moffitt, K Nielsen, CF Holmberg, SD Drobeniuc, J Khudyakov, Y Kuehnert, MJ Hocevar, SN Mahajan, R AF Marvin, Michael R. Steele, Melissa Green, Sharon K. Thoroughman, Doug Sugg, Tennis J. Humbaugh, Kraig E. Vaz, Louise E. Burchett, Sandra K. Moffitt, Kristin Nielsen, Carrie F. Holmberg, Scott D. Drobeniuc, Jan Khudyakov, Yury Kuehnert, Matthew J. Hocevar, Susan N. Mahajan, Reena TI Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Through Transplanted Organs and Tissue-Kentucky and Massachusetts, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1697, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID TRACEABILITY C1 [Mahajan, Reena] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marvin, Michael R.; Steele, Melissa] Univ Louisville, Jewish Hosp, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Green, Sharon K.] Magoffin Cty Hlth Dept, Salyersville, KY USA. [Thoroughman, Doug; Sugg, Tennis J.; Humbaugh, Kraig E.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. [Vaz, Louise E.; Burchett, Sandra K.; Moffitt, Kristin] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nielsen, Carrie F.; Holmberg, Scott D.; Drobeniuc, Jan; Khudyakov, Yury] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kuehnert, Matthew J.; Hocevar, Susan N.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mahajan, R (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmahajan@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 6 BP 554 EP 557 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GT UT WOS:000299992500008 ER PT J AU Dunne, EF Markowitz, LE Chesson, H Curtis, CR Saraiya, M Gee, J Unger, ER AF Dunne, Eileen F. Markowitz, Lauri E. Chesson, Harrell Curtis, C. Robinette Saraiya, Mona Gee, Julianne Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Recommendations on the Use of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Males-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1705, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Chesson, Harrell] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Curtis, C. Robinette] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Svcs Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Saraiya, Mona] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gee, Julianne] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dunne, EF (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM edunne@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 6 BP 557 EP 559 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GT UT WOS:000299992500009 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Kuiper, HC Mirel, LB Johnson, CL Pirkle, JL AF Vesper, Hubert W. Kuiper, Heather C. Mirel, Lisa B. Johnson, Clifford L. Pirkle, James L. TI Levels of Plasma trans-Fatty Acids in Non-Hispanic White Adults in the United States in 2000 and 2009 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Kuiper, Heather C.; Pirkle, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mirel, Lisa B.; Johnson, Clifford L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hvesper@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 6 BP 562 EP 563 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.112 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GT UT WOS:000299992500014 PM 22318273 ER PT J AU Shui, IM Baggs, J Patel, M Parashar, UD Rett, M Belongia, EA Hambidge, SJ Glanz, JM Klein, NP Weintraub, E AF Shui, Irene M. Baggs, James Patel, Manish Parashar, Umesh D. Rett, Melisa Belongia, Edward A. Hambidge, Simon J. Glanz, Jason M. Klein, Nicola P. Weintraub, Eric TI Risk of Intussusception Following Administration of a Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in US Infants SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ADVERSE EVENTS; SAFETY; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; RECOMMENDATIONS; SURVEILLANCE; PREVENTION AB Context Current rotavirus vaccines were not associated with intussusception in large prelicensure trials. However, recent postlicensure data from international settings suggest the possibility of a low-level elevated risk, primarily in the first week after the first vaccine dose. Objective To examine the risk of intussusception following pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) in US infants. Design, Setting, and Patients This cohort study included infants 4 to 34 weeks of age, enrolled in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) who received RV5 from May 2006-February 2010. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals for the association between intussusception and RV5 by comparing the rates of intussusception in infants who had received RV5 with the rates of intussusception in infants who received other recommended vaccines without concomitant RV5 during the concurrent period and with the expected number of intussusception visits based on background rates assessed prior to US licensure of the RV5 (2001-2005). Main Outcome Measure Intussusception occurring in the 1- to 7-day and 1- to 30-day risk windows following RV5 vaccination. Results During the study period, 786 725 total RV5 doses, which included 309 844 first doses, were administered. We did not observe a statistically significant increased risk of intussusception with RV5 for either comparison group following any dose in either the 1- to 7-day or 1- to 30-day risk window. For the 1- to 30-day window following all RV5 doses, we observed 21 cases of intussusception compared with 20.9 expected cases (SIR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.62-1.54); following dose 1, we observed 7 cases compared with 5.7 expected cases (SIR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.5-2.54). For the 1- to 7-day window following all RV5 doses, we observed 4 cases compared with 4.3 expected cases (SIR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.25-2.36); for dose 1, we observed 1 case compared with 0.8 expected case (SIR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.03-6.75). The upper 95% CI limit of the SIR (6.75) from the historical comparison translates to an upper limit for the attributable risk of 1 intussusception case per 65 287 RV5 dose-1 recipients. Conclusion Among US infants aged 4 to 34 weeks who received RV5, the risk of intussusception was not increased compared with infants who did not receive the rotavirus vaccine. JAMA. 2012;307(6):598-604 C1 [Shui, Irene M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shui, Irene M.; Rett, Melisa] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shui, Irene M.; Rett, Melisa] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Baggs, James; Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh D.; Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.; Glanz, Jason M.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth, Community Hlth Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.; Glanz, Jason M.] Univ Colorado, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] No Calif Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. RP Shui, IM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM ishui@hsph.harvard.edu OI Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); AHIP; MedImmune; Kaiser Colorado Institute for Health Research; Merck; GlaxoSmithKline; Pfizer; Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis; Vaccine Safety Datalink [200-2002-00732] FX All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Shui reports receiving institutional support from America's Health Insurance Plan (AHIP) for writing or reviewing a manuscript and for travel support. Dr Rett reports receiving institutional support for writing or reviewing a manuscript and travel support from AHIP. Dr Belongia reports receiving institutional grant support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and AHIP and pending research support from MedImmune. Dr Hambidge reports receiving institutional grant and travel support from Kaiser Colorado Institute for Health Research-funding for Vaccine Safety Datalink work from the CDC through a cooperative agreement with AHIP and pending institutional support from the CDC for several vaccine safety investigations under the umbrella of the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Dr Glanz reports receiving institutional grant support from the CDC. Dr Klein reports receiving institutional grant support from the CDC and research support for other projects from Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Sanofi Pasteur, and Novartis. No other financial conflicts were reported.; This study was supported in part by the Vaccine Safety Datalink contract (200-2002-00732) with AHIP, funded by the CDC. NR 32 TC 67 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 6 BP 598 EP 604 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.97 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GT UT WOS:000299992500024 PM 22318281 ER PT J AU Cohn, AC Messonnier, NE AF Cohn, Amanda C. Messonnier, Nancy E. TI Inching Toward a Serogroup B Meningococcal Vaccine for Infants SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Cohn, Amanda C.; Messonnier, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cohn, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acohn@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 8 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 6 BP 614 EP 615 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.118 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 888GT UT WOS:000299992500027 PM 22318284 ER PT J AU Rowell, JL Dowling, NF Yu, W Yesupriya, A Zhang, L Gwinn, M AF Rowell, Jessica L. Dowling, Nicole F. Yu, Wei Yesupriya, Ajay Zhang, Lyna Gwinn, Marta TI Trends in Population-Based Studies of Human Genetics in Infectious Diseases SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFLUENZA AB Pathogen genetics is already a mainstay of public health investigation and control efforts; now advances in technology make it possible to investigate the role of human genetic variation in the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To describe trends in this field, we analyzed articles that were published from 2001 through 2010 and indexed by the HuGE Navigator, a curated online database of PubMed abstracts in human genome epidemiology. We extracted the principal findings from all meta-analyses and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with an infectious disease-related outcome. Finally, we compared the representation of diseases in HuGE Navigator with their contributions to morbidity worldwide. We identified 3,730 articles on infectious diseases, including 27 meta-analyses and 23 GWAS. The number published each year increased from 148 in 2001 to 543 in 2010 but remained a small fraction (about 7%) of all studies in human genome epidemiology. Most articles were by authors from developed countries, but the percentage by authors from resource-limited countries increased from 9% to 25% during the period studied. The most commonly studied diseases were HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection, sepsis, and malaria. As genomic research methods become more affordable and accessible, population-based research on infectious diseases will be able to examine the role of variation in human as well as pathogen genomes. This approach offers new opportunities for understanding infectious disease susceptibility, severity, treatment, control, and prevention. C1 [Rowell, Jessica L.; Dowling, Nicole F.; Yu, Wei; Yesupriya, Ajay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Off Epidemiol Surveillance & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhang, Lyna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gwinn, Marta] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rowell, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Off Epidemiol Surveillance & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jlrowel@emory.edu FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX Jessica L Rowell is a fellow funded by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e25431 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025431 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 917MF UT WOS:000302180600001 PM 22347358 ER PT J AU Weiner, B Gomez, J Victor, TC Warren, RM Sloutsky, A Plikaytis, BB Posey, JE van Helden, PD Gey van Pittius, NC Koehrsen, M Sisk, P Stolte, C White, J Gagneux, S Birren, B Hung, D Murray, M Galagan, J AF Weiner, Brian Gomez, James Victor, Thomas C. Warren, Robert M. Sloutsky, Alexander Plikaytis, Bonnie B. Posey, James E. van Helden, Paul D. Gey van Pittius, Nicolass C. Koehrsen, Michael Sisk, Peter Stolte, Christian White, Jared Gagneux, Sebastien Birren, Bruce Hung, Deborah Murray, Megan Galagan, James TI Independent Large Scale Duplications in Multiple M. tuberculosis Lineages Overlapping the Same Genomic Region SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LATERAL GENE-TRANSFER; IS6110-MEDIATED DELETION POLYMORPHISM; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; TUBERCLE-BACILLI; SEQUENCE; STRAINS; AMPLIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; DIVERSITY AB Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of most human tuberculosis, infects one third of the world's population and kills an estimated 1.7 million people a year. With the world-wide emergence of drug resistance, and the finding of more functional genetic diversity than previously expected, there is a renewed interest in understanding the forces driving genome evolution of this important pathogen. Genetic diversity in M. tuberculosis is dominated by single nucleotide polymorphisms and small scale gene deletion, with little or no evidence for large scale genome rearrangements seen in other bacteria. Recently, a single report described a large scale genome duplication that was suggested to be specific to the Beijing lineage. We report here multiple independent large-scale duplications of the same genomic region of M. tuberculosis detected through whole-genome sequencing. The duplications occur in strains belonging to both M. tuberculosis lineage 2 and 4, and are thus not limited to Beijing strains. The duplications occur in both drug-resistant and drug susceptible strains. The duplicated regions also have substantially different boundaries in different strains, indicating different originating duplication events. We further identify a smaller segmental duplication of a different genomic region of a lab strain of H37Rv. The presence of multiple independent duplications of the same genomic region suggests either instability in this region, a selective advantage conferred by the duplication, or both. The identified duplications suggest that large-scale gene duplication may be more common in M. tuberculosis than previously considered. C1 [Weiner, Brian; Gomez, James; Koehrsen, Michael; Sisk, Peter; Stolte, Christian; White, Jared; Birren, Bruce; Hung, Deborah; Galagan, James] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Victor, Thomas C.; Warren, Robert M.; van Helden, Paul D.; Gey van Pittius, Nicolass C.] Univ Stellenbosch, Div Mol Biol & Human Genet, Ctr Excellence TB Res,Natl Res Fdn,Dept Biomed Sc, Med Res Council,Ctr Mol & Cellular Biol,Fac Hlth, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa. [Sloutsky, Alexander] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Policy & Res, Massachusetts Supranat TB Reference Lab, Shrewsbury, MA USA. [Plikaytis, Bonnie B.; Posey, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Lab Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gagneux, Sebastien] Natl Inst Med Res, Med Res Council, London NW7 1AA, England. [Murray, Megan] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Galagan, James] Boston Univ, Dept Biomed Engn & Microbiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Weiner, B (reprint author), Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. EM jgalag@bu.edu RI Gey van Pittius, Nicolaas/D-3434-2015; OI Gey van Pittius, Nicolaas/0000-0002-8807-4105; Galagan, James/0000-0003-0542-3291; Stolte, Christian/0000-0002-8228-4195 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN27220090018C]; Ellison Medical Foundation [ID-SS-0693-04] FX This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No.: HHSN27220090018C; and Ellison Medical Foundation Grant ID-SS-0693-04. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 AR e26038 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026038 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 917MF UT WOS:000302180600002 PM 22347359 ER PT J AU Baldwin, LM Trivers, KF Matthews, B Andrilla, CHA Miller, JW Berry, DL Lishner, DM Goff, BA AF Baldwin, Laura-Mae Trivers, Katrina F. Matthews, Barbara Andrilla, C. Holly A. Miller, Jacqueline W. Berry, Donna L. Lishner, Denise M. Goff, Barbara A. TI Vignette-Based Study of Ovarian Cancer Screening: Do US Physicians Report Adhering to Evidence-Based Recommendations? SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; UNITED-STATES; RISK WOMEN; TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; NATIONAL-SURVEY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; QUALITY; POPULATION; SERVICES AB Background: No professional society or group recommends routine ovarian cancer screening, yet physicians' enthusiasm for several cancer screening tests before benefit has been proven suggests that some women may be exposed to potential harms. Objective: To provide nationally representative estimates of physicians' reported nonadherence to recommendations against ovarian cancer screening. Design: Cross-sectional survey of physicians offering women's primary care. The 12-page questionnaire contained a woman's annual examination vignette and questions about offers or orders for transvaginal ultrasonography (TVU) and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125). Setting: United States. Participants: 3200 physicians randomly sampled equally from the 2008 American Medical Association Physician Masterfile lists of family physicians, general internists, and obstetrician-gynecologists; 61.7% responded. After exclusions, 1088 respondents were included; their responses were weighted to represent the specialty distribution of practicing U. S. physicians nationally. Measurements: Reported nonadherence to screening recommendations (defined as sometimes or almost always ordering screening TVU or CA-125 or both). Results: Twenty-eight percent (95% CI, 24.5% to 32.9%) of physicians reported nonadherence to screening recommendations for women at low risk for ovarian cancer; 65.4% (CI, 61.1% to 69.4%) did so for women at medium risk for ovarian cancer. Six percent (CI, 4.4% to 8.9%) reported routinely ordering or offering ovarian cancer screening for low-risk women, as did 24.0% (CI, 20.5% to 28.0%) for medium-risk women (P <= 0.001). Thirty-three percent believed TVU or CA-125 was an effective screening test. In adjusted analysis, actual and physician-perceived patient risk, patient request for ovarian cancer screening, and physician belief that TVU or CA-125 was an effective screening test were the strongest predictors of physician-reported nonadherence to published recommendations. Limitation: The results are limited by their reliance on survey methods; there may be respondent-nonrespondent bias. Conclusion: One in 3 physicians believed that ovarian cancer screening was effective, despite evidence to the contrary. Substantial proportions of physicians reported routinely offering or ordering ovarian cancer screening, thereby exposing women to the documented risks of these tests. C1 [Baldwin, Laura-Mae] Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Baldwin, LM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Box 354982, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM lmb@uw.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Centers [U48DP001911]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Alliance for Reducing Cancer, Northwest; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48DP001911]; National Cancer Institute FX Grant Support: By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Centers Cooperative Agreement U48DP001911 and through the Alliance for Reducing Cancer, Northwest, funded by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant U48DP001911; V. Taylor, primary investigator) and the National Cancer Institute. NR 58 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 7 PY 2012 VL 156 IS 3 BP 182 EP U46 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00006 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 887XD UT WOS:000299964200002 PM 22312138 ER PT J AU Lopman, B Gastanaduy, P Park, GW Hall, AJ Parashar, UD Vinje, J AF Lopman, Ben Gastanaduy, Paul Park, Geun Woo Hall, Aron J. Parashar, Umesh D. Vinje, Jan TI Environmental transmission of norovirus gastroenteritis SO CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY UNIT; WINTER VOMITING DISEASE; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; MURINE NOROVIRUS; AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; ELEMENTARY-SCHOOL; GII.4 NOROVIRUS; ENTERIC VIRUSES AB The advent of molecular techniques and their increasingly widespread use in public health laboratories and research studies has transformed the understanding of the burden of norovirus. Norovirus is the most common cause of community-acquired diarrheal disease across all ages, the most common cause of outbreaks of gastroenteritis, and the most common cause of foodborne disease in the United States. They are a diverse group of single-stranded RNA viruses that are highly infectious and stable in the environment; both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections are common. Through shedding in feces and vomit, norovirus can be transmitted directly through an array of routes: person-to-person, food or the environment. The relative importance of environmental transmission of virus is yet to be fully quantified but is likely to be substantial and is an important feature that complicates control. C1 [Lopman, Ben; Gastanaduy, Paul; Park, Geun Woo; Hall, Aron J.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gastanaduy, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 NR 76 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 6 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1879-6257 J9 CURR OPIN VIROL JI Curr. Opin. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 2 IS 1 BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.coviro.2011.11.005 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 051FW UT WOS:000312112600014 PM 22440972 ER PT J AU Nichols, P Ussery-Hall, A Griffin-Blake, S Easton, A AF Nichols, Phyllis Ussery-Hall, Ann Griffin-Blake, Shannon Easton, Alyssa TI The Evolution of the Steps Program, 2003-2010: Transforming the Federal Public Health Practice of Chronic Disease Prevention SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RISK BEHAVIOR SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; COMMUNITIES; TRENDS; LAW AB The Steps program, formerly known as Steps to a HealthierUS, was the first Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) program to support a community-based, integrated approach to chronic disease prevention. Steps interventions addressed both diseases and risk factors, focusing on the 3 leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States - tobacco use, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity - and the associated chronic conditions of asthma, diabetes, and obesity. When Steps shifted from interventions focused on individual health-risk behaviors to the implementation of policy, systems, and environmental changes, the program became an integral part of changing the way CDC addressed chronic disease prevention. In this article, we describe the shift in intervention strategies that occurred among Steps communities, the model that was developed as Steps evolved, common interventions implemented before and after the shift in approach, challenges experienced by Steps communities, and CDC programs that were modeled after Steps. C1 [Nichols, Phyllis; Griffin-Blake, Shannon; Easton, Alyssa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ussery-Hall, Ann] Ginn Grp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nichols, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-93, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM PNichols@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110220 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110220 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977HC UT WOS:000306646300003 ER PT J AU Thompson, AW Kobau, R Park, R Grant, D AF Thompson, Alexander W. Kobau, Rosemarie Park, Royce Grant, David TI Epilepsy Care and Mental Health Care for People with Epilepsy: California Health Interview Survey, 2005 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SELF-REPORTED EPILEPSY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; RISK-FACTORS; DEPRESSION; ADULTS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; DISORDERS; SEIZURES AB Introduction Epilepsy, which requires complex care, can be further complicated by comorbid mental illness. Evidence indicates deficiencies exist in the care received for both epilepsy-related care and for mental health care in people with epilepsy. Evidence indicates there are deficiencies in both these areas for people with epilepsy. Our objective was to evaluate treatment gaps in epilepsy and mental health care among California adults with epilepsy and to compare the mental health services and treatment received by people with epilepsy to that of the general population. Methods We conducted multivariate analyses of data from the 2005 California Health Interview Survey (N = 43,020), which included data from 604 adult participants who said they had been told they had epilepsy, to examine comparisons of interest. Results Twenty-seven percent of California adults with epilepsy who had had at least 1 seizure in the past 3 months had not seen a neurologist or epilepsy specialist in the past year. Of respondents with psychological distress and epilepsy, 84% perceived a need for mental health care in the past year, but only 57% had seen a mental health provider during that time. Of respondents without epilepsy but with psychological distress, 77% perceived a need for mental health care in the past year, but only 32% had seen a mental health provider during that time. Conclusion California adults with epilepsy appear to have substantial unmet needs in both epilepsy care and mental health care. Adults with epilepsy and psychological distress appeared to have received more mental health treatment than psychologically distressed adults without epilepsy. Efforts should be made to improve access to quality epilepsy care that includes assessment and treatment of mental health disorders. C1 [Thompson, Alexander W.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Alexander W.] Texas A&M Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Temple, TX USA. [Kobau, Rosemarie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Epilepsy Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Park, Royce; Grant, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Policy Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Thompson, AW (reprint author), Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Behav Hlth Serv, Metropolitan Pk E,1730 Minor Ave,Ste 1400, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM awthomp@uw.edu FU National Research Service Award [T32 MH020021] FX We thank Dr David J. Thurman for his helpful review and thoughtful comments. During part of this project, Dr Thompson was supported by National Research Service Award grant no. T32 MH020021. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110140 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110140 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977HC UT WOS:000306646300013 ER PT J AU Sultana, R Rimi, NA Azad, S Islam, MS Khan, MSU Gurley, ES Nahar, N Luby, SP AF Sultana, Rebeca Rimi, Nadia Ali Azad, Shamim Islam, M. Saiful Khan, M. Salah Uddin Gurley, Emily S. Nahar, Nazmun Luby, Stephen P. TI Bangladeshi backyard poultry raisers' perceptions and practices related to zoonotic transmission of avian influenza SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE backyard raisers; poultry; qualitative research; avian influenza; perception; Bangladesh ID H5N1 INFLUENZA; RISK-FACTORS; CHINESE COMMUNITIES; UNITED-KINGDOM; A H5N1; VIRUS; DUCKS; SARS; ASIA; NETHERLANDS AB Introduction: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus (known as "bird flu") is an important public health concern due to its potential to infect humans and cause a human pandemic. Bangladesh is a high-risk country for an influenza pandemic because of its dense human population, widespread backyard poultry raising, and endemic H5N1 infection in poultry. Understanding poultry raisers' perceived risks and identifying their risk exposures can help to develop interventions to reduce the risk of avian influenza transmission. This paper explores the perception of Bangladeshi backyard poultry raisers regarding poultry sickness and zoonotic disease transmission and relevant practices. Methodology: We conducted a qualitative study using social mapping (n=2), in-depth interviews (n=40), household mapping (n=40) and observation (n=16), in two backyard poultry-raising communities. Results: The poultry raisers recognized various signs of poultry illness but they did not distinguish among diseases using biomedical classifications. They perceived disease transmission from poultry to poultry, but not from poultry to humans. They usually kept sick poultry under the bed. If the poultry did not recover, they were slaughtered and consumed or sold. The poultry raisers had close contact with sick birds while handling and slaughtering poultry. Conclusions: The poultry raisers are unlikely to follow instructions from health authorities to prevent "bird flu" transmission because many of the instructions ask low-income producers to change their existing practices and require time, money, and financial loss. Villagers are more likely to comply with interventions that help to protect their flocks and address their financial interest. C1 [Sultana, Rebeca; Rimi, Nadia Ali; Azad, Shamim; Islam, M. Saiful; Khan, M. Salah Uddin; Gurley, Emily S.; Nahar, Nazmun; Luby, Stephen P.] ICDDR B, CCD, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sultana, R (reprint author), ICDDR B, CCD, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani,GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM rebeca@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the agreement of CoAg [5-U51-CI000298-0505] FX This research study was funded by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the agreement of CoAg Grant 5-U51-CI000298-0505. icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the CDC to its research efforts. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 12 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 156 EP 165 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 967LC UT WOS:000305908300009 PM 22337845 ER PT J AU Schulz, C Calafat, AM Haines, D Becker, K Kolossa-Gehring, M AF Schulz, Christine Calafat, Antonia M. Haines, Douglas Becker, Kerstin Kolossa-Gehring, Marike TI International conference on human biomonitoring, Berlin 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Schulz, Christine; Becker, Kerstin; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike] Fed Environm Agcy, Dessau Rosslau Berlin, Germany. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haines, Douglas] Hlth Canada, Healthy Environm & Consumer Safety Branch, Environm & Radiat Hlth Sci Directorate, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. RP Schulz, C (reprint author), Fed Environm Agcy, Dessau Rosslau Berlin, Germany. EM christine.schulz-ch@uba.de FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 215 IS 2 BP 91 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.11.007 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 931MR UT WOS:000303224500001 PM 22154458 ER PT J AU Calafat, AM AF Calafat, Antonia M. TI The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and human exposure to environmental chemicals SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE NHANES; Human biomonitoring; CDC AB Researchers are increasingly interested in using human biomonitoring - the measurement of chemicals, their metabolites or specific reaction products in biological specimens/body fluids - for investigating exposure to environmental chemicals. General population human biomonitoring programs are useful for investigating human exposure to environmental chemicals and an important tool for integrating environment and health. One of these programs, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted in the United States is designed to collect data on the health and nutritional status of the noninstitutionalized, civilian U.S. population. NHANES includes a physical examination, collecting a detailed medical history, and collecting biological specimens (i.e., blood and urine). These biological specimens can be used to assess exposure to environmental chemicals. NHANES human biomonitoring data can be used to establish reference ranges for selected chemicals, provide exposure data for risk assessment, and monitor exposure trends. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Acalafat@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 215 IS 2 BP 99 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.08.014 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 931MR UT WOS:000303224500007 PM 21937270 ER PT J AU Epstein, MP Jiang, YX Conneely, KN Duncan, R Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Epstein, Michael P. Jiang, Yunxuan Conneely, Karen N. Duncan, Richard Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI A Novel Permutation Strategy to Correct for Population Stratification in Case-Control Studies of Rare Variation SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th Annual Meeting of the International-Genetic-Epidemiology-Society (IGES) CY SEP 18-20, 2011 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Int Genet Epidemiol Soc (IGES) C1 [Epstein, Michael P.; Jiang, Yunxuan; Conneely, Karen N.; Duncan, Richard] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 2 MA 23 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 918JG UT WOS:000302244900028 ER PT J AU Satten, GA Ling, B Epstein, MP Allen, AS AF Satten, Glen A. Ling, Bruce Epstein, Michael P. Allen, Andrew S. TI Adjusting Rare Variant Association Tests for Population Stratification Using the Stratification Score SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th Annual Meeting of the International-Genetic-Epidemiology-Society (IGES) CY SEP 18-20, 2011 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Int Genet Epidemiol Soc (IGES) C1 [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ling, Bruce; Epstein, Michael P.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 2 MA 109 BP 149 EP 149 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 918JG UT WOS:000302244900114 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM Knoeller, GE Moorman, JE AF Mazurek, Jacek M. Knoeller, Gretchen E. Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Effect of current depression on the association of work-related asthma with adverse asthma outcomes: A cross-sectional study using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Asthma; Depression; Occupational health; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MENTAL-DISORDERS; HEALTH; ADULTS; ANXIETY; DISABILITY; PREVALENCE; ILLNESS AB Background: Depression has been associated with a decreased level of asthma control. The aim of our study was to examine associations between health-professional diagnosed work-related asthma (WRA) and current depression and the effect of current depression on the associations of WRA with adverse asthma outcomes. Method: We analyzed data from the 2006 and 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-Back Survey and the Anxiety and Depression Module conducted in 25 states and District of Columbia for ever-employed adults with current asthma. We computed weighted proportions and prevalence ratios adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, current employment status, and smoking status. Survey participants who were ever told by a doctor or other health professional that their asthma was related to any job they ever had were determined to have WRA. Participants with current depression were identified using self-report of depressive symptoms. Results: Of ever-employed adults with current asthma, an estimated 9.1% had WRA and 17.0% had current depression. Persons with WRA were significantly more likely than those with non-WRA to have current depression. Persons with either WRA, current depression, or both WRA and current depression were significantly more likely to have adverse asthma outcomes than persons with asthma and neither condition. The associations with adverse asthma outcomes were stronger when both current depression and WRA were present. Limitations: This is a cross-sectional and hypothesis-generating study. Conclusions: Depression may play an important role in asthma management and should be considered when assessing patients with asthma and, in particular, those with WRA. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.] Ctr Dis Control, NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Mailstop HG 900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM JMazurek1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was performed and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 136 IS 3 BP 1135 EP 1142 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.045 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 915AT UT WOS:000301996000127 PM 22035872 ER PT J AU Uhlenhaut, C Cohen, JI Pavletic, S Illei, G Gea-Banacloche, JC Abu-Asab, M Krogmann, T Gubareva, L McClenahan, S Krause, PR AF Uhlenhaut, C. Cohen, J. I. Pavletic, S. Illei, G. Gea-Banacloche, J. C. Abu-Asab, M. Krogmann, T. Gubareva, L. McClenahan, S. Krause, P. R. TI Use of a novel virus detection assay to identify coronavirus HKU1 in the lungs of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with fatal pneumonia SO TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE viral infections; generic virus detection; virus discovery; immunocompromised; coronavirus; HKU1 ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; INFECTION; CHILDREN; OLD AB A 38-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxemia for several months following immunodepleting autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. She was treated for influenza, which was isolated repeatedly from oropharynx and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids, and later empirically for lupus pneumonitis, but died 6 months after transplant. Autopsy findings failed to show influenza in the lungs or lupus pneumonitis. A novel generic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay using degenerate primers identified human coronavirus (CoV) HKU1 RNA in BAL fluid at autopsy. CoVwas confirmed by virus-specific PCRs of lung tissue at autopsy. Electron microscopy showed viral particles consistent with CoV HKU1 in lung tissue both at autopsy and from aprevious biopsy. Although human CoV HKU1 infection is not usually severe, in highly immunocompromised patients, it can be associated with fatal pneumonia. C1 [Uhlenhaut, C.; McClenahan, S.; Krause, P. R.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Viral Prod, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cohen, J. I.; Krogmann, T.] NIAID, Med Virol Sect, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pavletic, S.; Gea-Banacloche, J. C.] NCI, Expt Transplantat & Immunol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Illei, G.] NIAMSD, Mol Physiol & Therapeut Branch, Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Illei, G.] NIAMSD, Off Clin Director, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Abu-Asab, M.] NCI, Pathol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gubareva, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Krause, PR (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Viral Prod, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM philip.krause@fda.hhs.gov OI Krause, Philip/0000-0002-1045-7536; Abu-Asab, Mones/0000-0002-4047-1232 FU Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the intramural research programs of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, the National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1398-2273 J9 TRANSPL INFECT DIS JI Transpl. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2011.00657.x PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation GA 895MW UT WOS:000300501300012 PM 21749586 ER PT J AU Fang, XM Brown, DS Florence, CS Mercy, JA AF Fang, Xiangming Brown, Derek S. Florence, Curtis S. Mercy, James A. TI The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE Child maltreatment; Economic burden; Lifelong consequences ID HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; SEXUAL-ABUSE; MEDICAL COSTS; CONSEQUENCES; WOMEN; VIOLENCE; NEGLECT; YOUTH; SUBSTANTIATION; SEVERITY AB Objectives: To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 using an incidence-based approach. Methods: This study used the best available secondary data to develop cost per case estimates. For each cost category, the paper used attributable costs whenever possible. For those categories that attributable cost data were not available, costs were estimated as the product of incremental effect of child maltreatment on a specific outcome multiplied by the estimated cost associated with that outcome. The estimate of the aggregate lifetime cost of child maltreatment in 2008 was obtained by multiplying per-victim lifetime cost estimates by the estimated cases of new child maltreatment in 2008. Results: The estimated average lifetime cost per victim of nonfatal child maltreatment is $210,012 in 2010 dollars, including $32,648 in childhood health care costs; $10,530 in adult medical costs; $144,360 in productivity losses; $7,728 in child welfare costs; $6,747 in criminal justice costs; and $7,999 in special education costs. The estimated average lifetime cost per death is $1,272,900, including $14,100 in medical costs and $1,258,800 in productivity losses. The total lifetime economic burden resulting from new cases of fatal and nonfatal child maltreatment in the United States in 2008 is approximately $124 billion. In sensitivity analysis, the total burden is estimated to be as large as $585 billion. Conclusions: Compared with other health problems, the burden of child maltreatment is substantial, indicating the importance of prevention efforts to address the high prevalence of child maltreatment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fang, Xiangming; Florence, Curtis S.; Mercy, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brown, Derek S.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Fang, XM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-63,POB 12194, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RI Brown, Derek/J-3035-2013; Fang, Xiangming/O-1653-2014 OI Brown, Derek/0000-0001-9908-9882; Fang, Xiangming/0000-0001-9922-8977 FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH092312] NR 55 TC 178 Z9 180 U1 9 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2134 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 2 BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.006 PG 10 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA 916MT UT WOS:000302108600010 PM 22300910 ER PT J AU Lobo, ML Xiao, LH Antunes, F Matos, O AF Lobo, Maria Luisa Xiao, Lihua Antunes, Francisco Matos, Olga TI Microsporidia as emerging pathogens and the implication for public health: A 10-year study on HIV-positive and -negative patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human-infecting Microsporidia; Diagnosis; HIV-infected patients; HIV seronegative populations; Risk factors; Molecular epidemiology ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ENTEROCYTOZOON-BIENEUSI MICROSPORIDIA; DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; IN-VITRO CULTURE; INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS; SEPTATA-INTESTINALIS; INFECTED PATIENTS; AIDS PATIENTS AB Despite recent advances in the understanding and diagnosis of emerging microsporidian pathogens, more research is necessary to elucidate their complex epidemiology. In fact, studies that reflect true human-infecting microsporidian prevalence are still inadequate. The present 10-year study was undertaken to examine the occurrence of Microsporidia in 1989 stools, 69 urine and 200 pulmonary specimens from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients using PCR and DNA sequencing. In stools, 12.0% were Microsporidia-positive. Prevalences of 13.9% and 8.5% were observed for HIV+ and HIV- samples, respectively. The percentage of children that were Microsporidia-positive (18.8%) was significantly higher than that of adults (10.2%). In stools, Enterocytozoon bieneusi (6.3%) and Vittaforma-like parasites (6.8%) were identified. Based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of E. bieneusi, Type IV (37.5%), Peru 6 (29.2%), D (12.5%), A (8.3%), C (6.3%) and PtEb 11 (6.3%) genotypes were identified. Microsporidia were detected in 1.5% and 1.0% of urine and pulmonary specimens, respectively. Encephalitozoon intestinalis was detected in urine. In pulmonary specimens, Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Vittaforma-like parasites were identified. An immunosuppressive condition and youth (children) appear to be risk factors for microsporidian infection. Microsporidia seems to have an important impact on public health in Portugal, highlighting the need to implement routine diagnosis. (C) 2012 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lobo, Maria Luisa; Matos, Olga] Univ Nova Lisboa, Grp Protozoarios Oportunistas VIH & Outras Protoz, Unidade Parasitol Med, CMDT,Inst Higiene & Med Trop, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Antunes, Francisco] Univ Lisbon, Clin Univ Doencas Infecciosas, Fac Med, HSM, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Matos, O (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Grp Protozoarios Oportunistas VIH & Outras Protoz, Unidade Parasitol Med, CMDT,Inst Higiene & Med Trop, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. EM omatos@ihmt.unl.pt RI Lobo, Maria/I-3527-2012; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; MATOS, OLGA/J-8859-2012; santos, sofia/I-1637-2012; OI Lobo, Maria/0000-0001-5811-7568; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; MATOS, OLGA/0000-0001-5793-7716; Antunes, Francisco/0000-0001-7932-1154 FU "Associacao para a Investigacao e Desenvolvimento da Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa", Portugal; [SFRH/BD/34674/2007-FCT] FX This work was supported in part by "Associacao para a Investigacao e Desenvolvimento da Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa", Portugal. M.L. Lobo was further supported by a PhD Grant (SFRH/BD/34674/2007-FCT). NR 74 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.12.002 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 912SL UT WOS:000301820000008 PM 22265899 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Tong, X George, MG Bansil, P AF Kuklina, Elena V. Tong, Xin George, Mary G. Bansil, Pooja TI Epidemiology and prevention of stroke: a worldwide perspective SO EXPERT REVIEW OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE anticoagulation therapy; antihypertensive therapy; antiplatelet therapy; risk factors; statins; stroke ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; BLOOD-PRESSURE TARGETS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; RISK-FACTORS; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AB This paper reviews how epidemiological studies during the last 5 years have advanced our knowledge in addressing the global stroke epidemic. The specific objectives were to review the current evidence supporting management of ten major modifiable risk factors for prevention of stroke: hypertension, current smoking, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, atrial fibrillation, excessive alcohol consumption, abnormal lipid profile and psychosocial stress/depression. C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.; Tong, Xin; George, Mary G.; Bansil, Pooja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 103 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1473-7175 J9 EXPERT REV NEUROTHER JI Expert Rev. Neurother. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 199 EP 208 DI 10.1586/ERN.11.99 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 900BF UT WOS:000300860900016 PM 22288675 ER PT J AU Beier, JC Muller, GC Gu, WD Arheart, KL Schlein, Y AF Beier, John C. Mueller, Guenter C. Gu, Weidong Arheart, Kristopher L. Schlein, Yosef TI Attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) methods decimate populations of Anopheles malaria vectors in arid environments regardless of the local availability of favoured sugar-source blossoms SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sugar feeding; Vectorial capacity; Malaria; Attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB); Outdoor mosquito control; Anopheles sergentii ID CULEX-PIPIENS; GAMBIAE; MOSQUITOS; ISRAEL; VEGETATION; AFRICA; NECTAR; PLANTS; MALI AB Background: Attractive toxic sugar bait (ATSB) methods are a new and promising "attract and kill" strategy for mosquito control. Sugar-feeding female and male mosquitoes attracted to ATSB solutions, either sprayed on plants or in bait stations, ingest an incorporated low-risk toxin such as boric acid and are killed. This field study in the arid malaria-free oasis environment of Israel compares how the availability of a primary natural sugar source for Anopheles sergentii mosquitoes: flowering Acacia raddiana trees, affects the efficacy of ATSB methods for mosquito control. Methods: A 47-day field trial was conducted to compare impacts of a single application of ATSB treatment on mosquito densities and age structure in isolated uninhabited sugar-rich and sugar-poor oases relative to an untreated sugar-rich oasis that served as a control. Results: ATSB spraying on patches of non-flowering vegetation around freshwater springs reduced densities of female An. sergentii by 95.2% in the sugar-rich oasis and 98.6% in the sugar-poor oasis; males in both oases were practically eliminated. It reduced daily survival rates of female An. sergentii from 0.77 to 0.35 in the sugar-poor oasis and from 0.85 to 0.51 in the sugar-rich oasis. ATSB treatment reduced the proportion of older more epidemiologically dangerous mosquitoes (three or more gonotrophic cycles) by 100% and 96.7%, respectively, in the sugar-poor and sugar-rich oases. Overall, malaria vectorial capacity was reduced from 11.2 to 0.0 in the sugar-poor oasis and from 79.0 to 0.03 in the sugar-rich oasis. Reduction in vector capacity to negligible levels days after ATSB application in the sugar-poor oasis, but not until after 2 weeks in the sugar-rich oasis, show that natural sugar sources compete with the applied ATSB solutions. Conclusion: While readily available natural sugar sources delay ATSB impact, they do not affect overall outcomes because the high frequency of sugar feeding by mosquitoes has an accumulating effect on the probability they will be attracted to and killed by ATSB methods. Operationally, ATSB methods for malaria vector control are highly effective in arid environments regardless of competitive, highly attractive natural sugar sources in their outdoor environment. C1 [Beier, John C.; Arheart, Kristopher L.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Mueller, Guenter C.; Schlein, Yosef] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, Fac Med, Jerusalem, Israel. [Gu, Weidong] Univ Alabama, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Gu, Weidong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outbreak Surveillance & Analyt Team, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch,Natl Ctr Emerging & Zo, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Beier, JC (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM jbeier@med.miami.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [47302] FX We are grateful to Dr Vasiliy Kravchenko and Dr Edita Revay for assisting with the fieldwork and mosquito dissections, and Dr Amy Junnila and Dr Kravchenko for assistance with statistical analysis. This research was supported by grant number 47302 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 31 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-31 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 909WH UT WOS:000301596200002 PM 22297155 ER PT J AU Newes-Adeyi, G Greece, J Bozeman, S Walker, DK Lewis, F Gidudu, J AF Newes-Adeyi, Gabriella Greece, Jacey Bozeman, Sam Walker, Deborah Klein Lewis, Faith Gidudu, Jane TI Active surveillance for influenza vaccine adverse events: The integrated vaccine surveillance system SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Influenza; Adverse events following immunization; Internet; IVR; CATI; Surveillance ID ELECTRONIC MONITORING-SYSTEM; SAFETY DATALINK PROJECT; REAL-TIME SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; EXPERIENCE AB Objectives: We conducted a pilot study of the Integrated Vaccine Surveillance System (IVSS), a novel active surveillance system for monitoring influenza vaccine adverse events that could be used in mass vaccination settings. Methods: We recruited 605 adult vaccinees from a convenience sample of 12 influenza vaccine clinics conducted by public health departments of two U.S. metropolitan regions. Vaccinees provided daily reports on adverse reactions following immunization (AEFI) using an interactive voice response system (IVR) or the internet for 14 consecutive days following immunization. Followup with nonrespondents was conducted through computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). Data on vaccinee reports were available real-time through a dedicated secure website. Results: 90% (545) of vaccinees made at least one daily report and 49% (299) reported consecutively for the full 14-day period. 58% (315) used internet, 20% (110) IVR, 6% (31) CAT!, and 16% (89) used a combination for daily reports. Of the 545 reporters, 339 (62%) reported one or more AEFI, for a total of 594 AEFIs reported. The majority (505 or 85%) of these AEFIs were mild symptoms. Conclusions: It is feasible to develop a system to obtain real-time data on vaccine adverse events. Vaccinees are willing to provide daily reports for a considerable time post vaccination. Offering multiple modes of reporting encourages high response rates. Study findings on AEFIs showed that the IVSS was able to exhibit the emerging safety profile of the 2008 seasonal influenza vaccine. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Newes-Adeyi, Gabriella] Abt Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Greece, Jacey; Bozeman, Sam; Walker, Deborah Klein] Abt Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lewis, Faith] Abt SRBI, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gidudu, Jane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Newes-Adeyi, G (reprint author), Abt Associates Inc, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800 N, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Gabriella_Newes-Adeyi@abtassoc.com; Jacey_Greece@abtassoc.com; Sam_Bozeman@abtassoc.com; Deborah_Walker@abtassoc.com; f.lewis@srbi.com; jgidudu@cdc.gov OI Greece, Jacey/0000-0003-2044-9270 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [GS-10E-0086K, 200-2008-F-27994] FX This study was supported through contract no. GS-10E-0086K Order no. 200-2008-F-27994 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to Abt Associates Inc. CDC program staff participated in discussions of study design, data analysis, manuscript review, and decision to submit for publication. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1050 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.041 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 901JO UT WOS:000300963400011 PM 22200501 ER PT J AU Leardkamolkarn, V Sirigulpanit, W Chotiwan, N Kumkate, S Huang, CYH AF Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra Sirigulpanit, Wipawan Chotiwan, Nunya Kumkate, Supeecha Huang, Claire Y. -H. TI Development of Dengue type-2 virus replicons expressing GFP reporter gene in study of viral RNA replication SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dengue virus type 2; Subgenomic replicons; DENV/GFP plasmid; 5 ' NCR mutation ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NONCODING REGION; STRAIN 16681; CONSTRUCTION; TRANSLATION; GENOME; CLEAVAGE AB Insertion of green fluorescent protein (GFP) encoding-gene into virus genes has provided a valuable tool for flavivirus research. This study aimed to develop dengue virus (DENV) replicons expressing GFP reporter that would provide a fast in vitro system to analyze functional roles of specific DENV sequences in viral replication. Two classes of recombinant replicon constructs were generated; one was a RNA-launched replicon with a GFP gene directly inserted into a full-length DENV genome (FL-DENV/GFP), and the other consisted of 4 types of DNA-launched DENV subgenomic replicons with GFP replacement at various structural genes ( Delta-DENV/GFP). The FL-DENV/GFP resulted in GFP expression in transfected cells with no viable DENV being recovered from the transfection. The Delta-DENV/GFP constructs with partial structural gene deletion (Delta C-, Delta CprM/M-, Delta prM/M-, or Delta E-) expressed bright and long lasting GFP. The GFP expression intensity in living cells correlated well with the level of RNA replication. Various mutations in the 5'noncoding region of DENV-2 previously shown to be important genetic determinants for virus replication and mouse virulence were incorporated into the 5 different replicon constructs. Characterizations of 29 mutants demonstrated that these replicons can provide a useful platform for a quick and powerful in vitro system to analyze genetic determinants of DENV replication. These constructs can also be useful for development of vectors expressing foreign genes for various researches. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra; Sirigulpanit, Wipawan] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Anat, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Chotiwan, Nunya; Kumkate, Supeecha] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra] Mahidol Univ, Ctr Emerging & Neglected Infect Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Leardkamolkarn, V (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Anat, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM scvlk@mahidol.ac.th; ws8007@yahoo.com; nunya.chotiwan@gmail.com; scskk@mahidol.ac.th; chuang1@cdc.gov FU Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA/BIOTEC); Office of the Higher Education Commission; Mahidol University under the National Research Universities Initiative; Mahidol University under the Faculty of Science, Mahidol University FX This study was funded by Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA/BIOTEC), the Office of the Higher Education Commission and Mahidol University under the National Research Universities Initiative, Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and Faculty of Science, Mahidol University. We thank Dr. Richard M. Kinney, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA for his valuable suggestions in preparation of this manuscript. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 163 IS 2 BP 552 EP 562 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.12.007 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 905XL UT WOS:000301309400018 PM 22197424 ER PT J AU Lang, ES Spaite, DW Oliver, ZJ Gotschall, CS Swor, RA Dawson, DE Hunt, RC AF Lang, Eddy S. Spaite, Daniel W. Oliver, Zoe J. Gotschall, Catherine S. Swor, Robert A. Dawson, Drew E. Hunt, Richard C. TI A National Model for Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating Evidence-based Guidelines for Prehospital Care SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; OF-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES; ADVANCED LIFE-SUPPORT; HEALTH-CARE; AGREE II; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS; PATIENT PREFERENCES; QUALITY; GRADE; RECOMMENDATIONS AB In 2007, the Institute of Medicines (IOMs) Committee on the Future of Emergency Care recommended that a multidisciplinary panel establish a model for developing evidence-based protocols for the treatment of emergency medical systems (EMS) patients. In response, the National EMS Advisory Council (NEMSAC) and the Federal Interagency Committee on EMS (FICEMS) convened a panel of multidisciplinary experts to review current strategies for developing evidence-based guidelines (EBGs) and to propose a model for developing such guidelines for the prehospital milieu. This paper describes the eight-step model endorsed by FICEMS, NEMSAC, and a panel of EMS and evidence-based medicine experts. According to the model, prehospital EBG development would begin with the input of evidence from various external sources. Potential EBG topics would be suggested following a preliminary evidentiary review; those topics with sufficient extant foundational evidence would be selected for development. Next, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology would be used to determine a quality-of-evidence rating and a strength of recommendation related to the patient care guidelines. More specific, contextualized patient care protocols would then be generated and disseminated to the EMS community. After educating EMS professionals using targeted teaching materials, the protocols would be implemented in local EMS systems. Finally, effectiveness and uptake would be measured with integrated quality improvement and outcomes monitoring systems. The constituencies and experts involved in the model development process concluded that the use of such transparent, objective, and scientifically rigorous guidelines could significantly increase the quality of EMS care in the future. C1 [Lang, Eddy S.] Univ Calgary, Dept Emergency Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Spaite, Daniel W.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Arizona Emergency Med Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Oliver, Zoe J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Emergency Med, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Gotschall, Catherine S.; Dawson, Drew E.] Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm US, Off Emergency Med Serv, Washington, DC 20590 USA. [Swor, Robert A.] Oakland Univ, William Beaumont Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Hunt, Richard C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hunt, Richard C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lang, ES (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Emergency Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. EM eddy.lang@albertahealthservices.ca OI Spaite, Daniel/0000-0003-2601-6476; Lang, Eddy/0000-0003-0850-4337 FU National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [DTNH22-07-X-00074] FX Financial support for meetings and conferences was provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Interagency Agreement DTNH22-07-X-00074. NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01281.x PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 888ZY UT WOS:000300044500013 PM 22320372 ER PT J AU Koh, HK Berwick, DM Clancy, CM Baur, C Brach, C Harris, LM Zerhusen, EG AF Koh, Howard K. Berwick, Donald M. Clancy, Carolyn M. Baur, Cynthia Brach, Cindy Harris, Linda M. Zerhusen, Eileen G. TI New Federal Policy Initiatives To Boost Health Literacy Can Help The Nation Move Beyond The Cycle Of Costly 'Crisis Care' SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID PHYSICIAN-PATIENT COMMUNICATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EDUCATION MATERIALS; MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; INTERVENTION; QUALITY; INFORMATION; CONSUMERS AB Health literacy is the capacity to understand basic health information and make appropriate health decisions. Tens of millions of Americans have limited health literacy-a fact that poses major challenges for the delivery of high-quality care. Despite its importance, health literacy has until recently been relegated to the sidelines of health care improvement efforts aimed at increasing access, improving quality, and better managing costs. Recent federal policy initiatives, including the Affordable Care Act of 2010, the Department of Health and Human Services' National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy, and the Plain Writing Act of 2010, have brought health literacy to a tipping point-that is, poised to make the transition from the margins to the mainstream. If public and private organizations make it a priority to become health literate, the nation's health literacy can be advanced to the point at which it will play a major role in improving health care and health for all Americans. C1 [Koh, Howard K.] Dept Hlth & Human Serv HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Clancy, Carolyn M.; Brach, Cindy] AHRQ, Rockville, MD USA. [Baur, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Commun, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harris, Linda M.] HHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Zerhusen, Eileen G.] CMS, Off Commun, Baltimore, MD USA. [Berwick, Donald M.] CMS, Washington, DC USA. [Berwick, Donald M.] CMS, Washington, DC USA. RP Koh, HK (reprint author), Dept Hlth & Human Serv HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM Howard.Koh@HHS.gov FU Intramural AHRQ HHS [HS999999] NR 54 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 24 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 434 EP 443 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.1169 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 894GE UT WOS:000300414300024 PM 22262723 ER PT J AU Muianga, C Rice, C Lentz, T Lockey, J Niemeier, R Succop, P AF Muianga, Custodio Rice, Carol Lentz, Thomas Lockey, James Niemeier, Richard Succop, Paul TI Checklist Model to Improve Work Practices in Small-Scale Demolition Operations with Silica Dust Exposures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE work practices; construction sector; dust exposure controls; Mozambique ID AFRICAN GOLD MINERS; HIV-INFECTION; HEALTH; TUBERCULOSIS; SAFETY AB A systematic approach was developed to review, revise and adapt existing exposure control guidance used in developed countries for use in developing countries. One-page employee and multiple-page supervisor guidance sheets were adapted from existing documents using a logic framework and workers were trained to use the information to improve work practices. Interactive, hands-on training was delivered to 26 workers at five small-scale demolition projects in Maputo City, Mozambique, and evaluated. A pre-and-post walkthrough survey used by trained observers documented work practice changes. Worker feedback indicated that the training was effective and useful. Workers acquired knowledge (84% increase, p < 0.01) and applied the work practice guidance. The difference of proportions between use of work practice components before and after the intervention was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Changes in work practices following training included preplanning, use of wet methods and natural ventilation and end-of-task review. Respirable dust measurements indicated a reduction in exposure following training. Consistency in observer ratings and observations support the reliability and validity of the instruments. This approach demonstrated the short-term benefit of training in changing work practices; follow-up is required to determine the long-term impact on changes in work practices, and to evaluate the need for refresher training. C1 [Muianga, Custodio; Rice, Carol; Lockey, James; Succop, Paul] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Kettering Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Muianga, Custodio] Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Ctr Ind Studies Safety & Environm, Maputo, Mozambique. [Lentz, Thomas; Niemeier, Richard] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Muianga, C (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Kettering Lab, 3223 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM custodio.muianga@gmail.com; ricech@ucmail.uc.edu; tbl7@cdc.gov; lockeyje@ucmail.uc.edu; rwn1@cdc.gov; succoppa@uc.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center [T42/OH008432-03]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [U45ES006184] FX This research was partially supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Pilot Research Project Training Program of the University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center Grant #T42/OH008432-03. Muianga received financial support for doctoral education through a University of Cincinnati Graduate Assistantship and Grant Number U45ES006184 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Preliminary data were collected through the University of Michigan Fogarty International Centre in Occupational and Environmental Health in Southern Africa. The contributions of the faculty and staff at Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique, to facilitate data collection are gratefully acknowledged. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 9 IS 2 BP 343 EP 361 DI 10.3390/ijerph9020343 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 898DE UT WOS:000300714800001 PM 22470296 ER PT J AU Yang, GY Benson, RF Ratcliff, RM Brown, EW Steigerwalt, AG Thacker, WL Daneshvar, MI Morey, RE Saito, A Fields, BS AF Yang, Genyan Benson, Robert F. Ratcliff, Rodney M. Brown, Ellen W. Steigerwalt, Arnold G. Thacker, W. Lanier Daneshvar, Maryam I. Morey, Roger E. Saito, Atsushi Fields, Barry S. TI Legionella nagasakiensis sp nov., isolated from water samples and from a patient with pneumonia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COOLING-TOWER WATER; IDENTIFICATION AB A novel Legionella species was identified based on analysis of 16S rRNA and mip (macrophage infectivity potentiator) gene sequences, cellular fatty acids, isoprenoid quinones, biochemical reactions, antigens and quantitative DNA DNA hybridization. Strain CDC-1796-JAP-E-T was isolated from well water at the Nagasaki Municipal Medical Center, Japan. Two strains, CDC-3041-AUS-E and CDC-3558-AUS-E, were isolated from water samples during an outbreak of legionellosis in South Australia. Strain CDC-5427-OH-H was isolated from a 66-year-old female patient diagnosed with Legionnaires' disease in the US. Cells from these four strains were Gram-negative, non-fluorescent, rod-shaped, and positive for alkaline phosphatase, esterase, leucine arylamidase, catalase, gelatinase, beta-lactamase and tyrosine browning assay. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and mip genes revealed that the four strains formed a distinct cluster within the genus Legionella. The bacteria contained branched-chain fatty acids and quinones that are typical of members of the genus Legionella. Slide agglutination tests demonstrated no cross-reaction with 52 previously described members of the Legionellaceae. DNA DNA hybridization studies indicated that DNAs from the four strains were highly related (78-84 %) but they showed 29% relatedness to Legionella oakridgensis ATCC 33761(T) and less than 10% to strains of other Legionella species tested. These characterizations suggest that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Legionella nagasakiensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CDC-1796-JAP-E-T (=ATCC BAA-1557(T)=JCM 15315(T))" C1 [Yang, Genyan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yang, Genyan; Benson, Robert F.; Brown, Ellen W.; Thacker, W. Lanier; Fields, Barry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ratcliff, Rodney M.] Univ Adelaide, Inst Med & Vet Sci, SA Pathol, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Ratcliff, Rodney M.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Mol & Biomed Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Morey, Roger E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daneshvar, Maryam I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Sci, Policy & Practice Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Saito, Atsushi] Nagasaki Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Nagasaki, Japan. RP Yang, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyang@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 62 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.027193-0 PN 2 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 900BM UT WOS:000300861600004 PM 21398499 ER PT J AU Heymann, PW Erdman, D Soto-Quiros, M Avila, L Carper, HT Murphy, DD Platts-Mills, TAE Kennedy, JL Steinke, JW AF Heymann, P. W. Erdman, D. Soto-Quiros, M. Avila, L. Carper, H. T. Murphy, D. D. Platts-Mills, T. A. E. Kennedy, J. L. Steinke, J. W. TI Strains of Rhinovirus Associated with Asthma in Costa Rican Children SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology (AAAAI) CY MAR 02-06, 2012 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Acad Allergy Asthma & Immunol (AAAAI) C1 [Heymann, P. W.; Carper, H. T.; Murphy, D. D.; Platts-Mills, T. A. E.; Kennedy, J. L.; Steinke, J. W.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Erdman, D.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Soto-Quiros, M.; Avila, L.] Hosp Nacl Ninos Dr Carlos Saenz Herrera, San Jose, Costa Rica. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 SU S BP AB149 EP AB149 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 903QL UT WOS:000301133400562 ER PT J AU Wen, XJ Balluz, L Town, M AF Wen, Xiao-Jun Balluz, Lina Town, Machell TI Prevalence of HIV Risk Behaviors Between Binge Drinkers and Non-Binge Drinkers Aged 18- to 64-Years in US, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Alcohol abuse and sexual risk behaviors; Behavioral risk factor surveillance system; Binge drinking; HIV risk behavior; Prevalence of youth risk behaviors ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTION; ALCOHOL-USE; CONDOM USE; DRINKING; HEALTH; MEN; ADULTS; SEX; ASSOCIATION; CONSUMPTION AB Using data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System on 281,303 adults aged 18-64 years in the United States, we examined the relationship between HIV risk behaviors and binge drinking of alcoholic beverages and the frequency of binge drinking among a subgroup of 41,073 respondents who were acknowledged binge drinkers (bingers), based on reported drinking behavior in the year preceding survey. Our findings show that the weighted prevalence of HIV risk behaviors (including injection drug use, exchange of sex for money/drugs, and anal sex without a condom) among binge bingers [7.0%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 6.4-7.6%] is twice that among nonbingers (2.9%, 95% CI: 2.7-3.0%). The highest prevalence of HIV risk behaviors is among the bingers aged 18-20 years (14%, 95% CI: 11.2-18.2%). After adjusting for covariates, bingers are 1.77 (95% CI: 1.58-2.00) times more likely than nonbingers to report HIV risk behaviors. Risk increases in bingers with the number of episodes. Compared with bingers reporting 1-2 binge episodes in the month proceeding survey, the adjusted odds of reporting HIV risk behaviors among bingers are 1.27 (1.08-1.49), 1.68 (1.35-2.10), 1.67 (1.08-2.57), and 1.70 (1.34-2.16), respectively for bingers with 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, and >= 9 episodes in the same period. Our results suggest that HIV risk behaviors are strongly linked with binge drinking and its frequency. Effective measures to prevent binge drinking are essential to HIV prevention, especially among youth aged 18-20 years. C1 [Wen, Xiao-Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Balluz, Lina; Town, Machell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wen, XJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tzw4@cdc.gov; lib74@cdc.gov; mpt2@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 37 IS 1 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1007/s10900-011-9418-y PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 893PL UT WOS:000300367700011 PM 21643823 ER PT J AU Stachel, AG Bornschlegel, K Balter, S AF Stachel, Anna G. Bornschlegel, Katherine Balter, Sharon TI Characteristics, Services, and Infection Control Practices of New York City Assisted Living Facilities, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE assisted living facility; infection control; bloodborne hepatitis ID VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-B; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; PREVENTION; INFLUENZA AB OBJECTIVES: To describe New York City (NYC) assisted living facility (ALF) characteristics, services offered, and infection control practices and to identify infection control barriers and unmet needs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: ALFs licensed or applying to be licensed in NYC. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy ALFs; 70 of 77 eligible facilities participated (91% participation rate). MEASUREMENTS: Telephone interviewquestions assessed ALF characteristics, services offered, and infection control practices, including glucometry practices. RESULTS: ALFs provided a broad range of services, such as vaccination (90%), assistance with taking medication (75%), bathing and showering (33%), and blood glucose monitoring (90%). Ninety percent of the facilities had nurses on site (directly employed or through a contract agency). Five facilities reported that residents sometimes shared glucometers, and one reported that fingerstick devices were sometimes shared. The majority of facilities wanted educational materials for staff (83%) and residents (77%) on topics including influenza, respiratory illness, norovirus, standard precautions, and general infection control. ALFs had a range of sick leave policies and infection control training requirements. Eighty-nine percent of the facilities reported having designated staff responsible for infection control, although 50% had nonclinical job titles. CONCLUSION: NYC ALFs were varied in terms of nursing services offered, characteristics, and residents' needs; therefore, public health agencies may need to be flexible in their assistance. Public health agencies should consider strengthening relationships with ALFs to identify unmet needs and gaps in services. J Am Geriatr Soc 60: 284-289, 2012. C1 [Stachel, Anna G.; Bornschlegel, Katherine; Balter, Sharon] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Queens, NY 11101 USA. [Stachel, Anna G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stachel, AG (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 2 Gotham Ctr,CN 6-05,42-09 28th St, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM astachel@health.nyc.gov FU CDC [1U38HM000414] FX The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This survey was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and funded by CDC Cooperative Agreement 1U38HM000414. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 60 IS 2 BP 284 EP 289 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03817.x PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 897ST UT WOS:000300677400013 PM 22288553 ER PT J AU Hariri, S Unger, ER Powell, SE Bauer, HM Bennett, NM Bloch, KC Niccolai, LM Schafer, S Markowitz, LE AF Hariri, Susan Unger, Elizabeth R. Powell, Suzanne E. Bauer, Heidi M. Bennett, Nancy M. Bloch, Karen C. Niccolai, Linda M. Schafer, Sean Markowitz, Lauri E. CA HPV-IMPACT Working Grp TI The HPV vaccine impact monitoring project (HPV-IMPACT): assessing early evidence of vaccination impact on HPV-associated cervical cancer precursor lesions SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Human Papillomavirus (HPV); Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); Cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS); Post-licensure vaccine effectiveness; Vaccine impact; Surveillance ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE; METAANALYSIS; BURDEN AB The following paper describes a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and five Emerging Infections Program sites to develop a comprehensive population-based approach to monitoring human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact on cervical cancer precursors and associated HPV genotypes. The process of establishing this novel monitoring system is described, and development details such as enumeration of sources for reporting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 and adenocarcinoma in situ, approaches to case ascertainment, electronic reporting, and HPV typing are outlined. Implementation of a feasible and sustainable surveillance system for HPV-associated cervical precancers will enable evaluation of the direct impact of HPV vaccination. C1 [Hariri, Susan; Powell, Suzanne E.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bauer, Heidi M.] Calif Dept Hlth, STD Control Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Ctr Community Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bloch, Karen C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Bloch, Karen C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Niccolai, Linda M.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Microbial Dis, New Haven, CT USA. [Schafer, Sean] Oregon Dept Human Serv, HIV STD TB Program, Div STD, Portland, OR USA. RP Hariri, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shariri@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD FEB PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 281 EP 288 DI 10.1007/s10552-011-9877-6 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 900MI UT WOS:000300890800009 PM 22108842 ER PT J AU Fink, AK German, RR Heron, M Stewart, SL Johnson, CJ Finch, JL Yin, DX Schaeffer, PE AF Fink, Aliza K. German, Robert R. Heron, Melonie Stewart, Sherri L. Johnson, Christopher J. Finch, Jack L. Yin, Daixin Schaeffer, Philip E. CA Accuracy Canc Mortality Working Gr TI Impact of using multiple causes of death codes to compute site-specific, death certificate-based cancer mortality statistics in the United States SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mortality statistics; Multiple cause of death; Accuracy; Completeness; Cancer registry ID ACCURACY AB Background: Cancer mortality statistics, an important indicator for monitoring cancer burden, are traditionally restricted to instances when cancer is determined to be the underlying cause of death (UCD) based on information recorded on standard certificates of death. This study's objective was to determine the impact of using multiple causes of death codes to compute site-specific cancer mortality statistics. Methods: The state cancer registries of California, Colorado and Idaho provided linked cancer registry and death certificate data for individuals who died between 2002 and 2004, had at least one cancer listed on their death certificate and were diagnosed with cancer between 1993 and 2004. These linked data were used to calculate the site-specific proportion of cancers not selected as the UCD (non-UCD) among all cancer-related deaths (any mention on the death certificate). In addition, the retrospective concordance between the death certificate and the population-based cancer registry, measured as confirmations rates, was calculated for deaths with cancer as the UCD, as a non-UCD, and for any mention. Results: Overall, non-UCD deaths comprised 9.5 percent of total deaths; 11 of the 79 cancer sites had proportions greater than 3 standard deviations from 9.5 percent. The confirmation rates for UCD and for any mention did not differ significantly for any of the cancer sites. Conclusion and impact: The site-specific variation in proportions and rates suggests that for a few cancer sites, death rates might be computed for both UCD and any mention of the cancer site on the death certificate. Nevertheless, this study provides evidence that, in general, restricting to UCD deaths will not under report cancer mortality statistics. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fink, Aliza K.; Schaeffer, Philip E.] ICF Int Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [German, Robert R.; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heron, Melonie] CDC, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Johnson, Christopher J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID USA. [Finch, Jack L.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Colorado Cent Canc Registry, Denver, CO USA. [Yin, Daixin] Calif Canc Registry, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Fink, AK (reprint author), ICF Int Inc, 7315 Wisconsin Ave,400W, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM afink@icfi.com FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at CDC [200-2002-00574] FX This project was conducted by ICF Macro and the state cancer registries of California, Colorado, and Idaho under contract 200-2002-00574 from the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 22 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2011.07.004 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 900ZY UT WOS:000300932600015 PM 21907006 ER PT J AU Secor, WE AF Secor, W. Evan TI Trichomonas vaginalis: treatment questions and challenges SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material DE 5-nitroimidazole; drug resistance; Trichomonas vaginalis; trichomoniasis ID METRONIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; INFECTION; HYDROGENOSOMES; PREVALENT; WOMEN; RISK C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-D65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM was4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 107 EP 109 DI 10.1586/ERI.11.159 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 900VN UT WOS:000300919700001 PM 22339182 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Patel, MM Cortese, MM Lopman, BA Gentsch, JR Fleming, J Steele, AD Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Patel, Manish M. Cortese, Margaret M. Lopman, Benjamin A. Gentsch, Jon R. Fleming, Jessica Steele, A. Duncan Parashar, Umesh D. TI Remaining issues and challenges for rotavirus vaccine in preventing global childhood diarrheal morbidity and mortality SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE diarrhea; rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine ID ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; CHOLERA VACCINE; GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; AFRICAN INFANTS; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; RHESUS-HUMAN; US CHILDREN AB Rotavirus vaccines have had a dramatic impact on morbidity and mortality from diarrhea among children in high- and middle-income countries that have introduced the vaccine into their national immunization programs. Widespread introduction of rotavirus vaccine in developing countries is imminent and their full potential in reducing the global burden from severe childhood diarrhea may soon be realized. The objectives of this paper are to describe the remaining issues and challenges in ensuring the success of the global rotavirus vaccination program and to discuss further research needed to help address them. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish M.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleming, Jessica; Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov NR 83 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD FEB PY 2012 VL 11 IS 2 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1586/ERV.11.184 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 898RE UT WOS:000300758700016 PM 22309669 ER PT J AU Austin-Ketch, TL Violanti, J Fekedulegn, D Andrew, ME Burchfield, CM Hartley, TA AF Austin-Ketch, Tammy L. Violanti, John Fekedulegn, Desta Andrew, Michael E. Burchfield, Cecil M. Hartley, Tara A. TI Addictions and the Criminal Justice System, What Happens on the Other Side? Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Cortisol Measures in a Police Cohort SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIONS NURSING LA English DT Article DE Post-traumatic stress; cortisol; occupation cohort; criminal justice ID PRIMARY-CARE; DISORDER; PTSD; OFFICERS AB The Buffalo Cardio-metabolic Occupational Police Stress study, an occupational cohort study of police officers, was conducted to evaluate physiologic and stress measures in a high-risk occupation where occupational exposure to difficult criminal situations can lead to physiologic and psychological health consequences among those who enforce the law. The chronic exposure to human tragedy may place police officers at special risk for mental health disorders and the potential for misuse of alcohol or drugs. While exact etiologies of post-traumatic stress were not determined by this study, overall post-traumatic stress (PTS) prevalence rates among the police officers was 35%, with 10% of individuals demonstrating severe PTS symptomatology. Waking cortisol measures tended to be higher among officers with more PTS symptomatology, with some gender related differences noted. Given the increase in incarcerations for addictions related offenses over the past 20 years and the chronic exposure to human suffering and tragedy, early recognition of PTS symptoms is essential in making the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress in high-risk occupational cohorts. Providing early entry into treatment and subsequently attempting to eliminate or minimize long-term consequences of post-traumatic stress can have a significant impact on the prevention of long term sequelae of chronic stress, such as the use or misuse of drugs or alcohol. C1 [Austin-Ketch, Tammy L.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Nursing, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Violanti, John] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfield, Cecil M.; Hartley, Tara A.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Austin-Ketch, TL (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Nursing, 3435 Main St,312 Wende Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM tlak@buffalo.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [HELD01B0088] FX Grant Sponsor: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Contract number HELD01B0088. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1088-4602 J9 J ADDICT NURS JI J. Addict. Nurs. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 23 IS 1 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.3109/10884602.2011.645255 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Nursing SC Substance Abuse; Nursing GA 900GH UT WOS:000300874200004 PM 22468657 ER PT J AU Eduard, W Heederik, D Duchaine, C Green, BJ AF Eduard, Wijnand Heederik, Dick Duchaine, Caroline Green, Brett James TI Bioaerosol exposure assessment in the workplace: the past, present and recent advances SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT News Item ID SWINE CONFINEMENT BUILDINGS; REAL-TIME PCR; ENDOTOXIN EXPOSURE; ORGANIC DUSTS; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; SPECIAL-ISSUE; COTTON DUST; HEALTH; DISEASE; CULTURE AB Louis Pasteur described the first measurements of airborne microorganisms in 1861. A century later, the inhalation of spores from thermophilic microorganisms was shown to induce attacks of farmers' lung in patients with this disease, while endotoxins originating from Gram-negative bacteria were identified as causal agents for byssinosis in cotton workers. Further epidemiological and toxicological studies have demonstrated inflammatory, respiratory, and pathogenic effects following exposure to bioaerosols. Exposure assessment is often confounded by the diversity of bioaerosol agents in the environment. Microorganisms represent a highly diverse group that may vary in toxicity. Fungi and bacteria are mainly quantified as broad groups using a variety of viable and nonviable assessment methods. Endotoxins and beta(1 -> 3)-glucans are mainly measured by their activity in the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, enzymes by immuno-chemical methods and mycotoxins by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Few health-based occupational exposure limits (OELs) are available for risk assessment. For endotoxins, a health-based OEL of 90 endotoxin units m(-3) has been proposed in the Netherlands. A criteria document for fungal spores recently proposed a lowest observed effect level of 100 000 spores m(-3) for non-pathogenic and non-mycotoxin producing species based on inflammatory respiratory effects. Recent developments in bioaerosol assessment were presented at the Organic Dust Tromsl Symposium including molecular biological methods for infectious agents and organisms that are difficult to cultivate; studies of submicronic and hyphal fragments from fungi; the effect of biodiversity of microorganisms in asthma studies; and new/improved measurement methods for fungal antigens, enzymes and allergens. Although exposure assessment of bioaerosol agents is complex and limited by the availability of methods and criteria, the field is rapidly evolving. C1 [Eduard, Wijnand] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Eduard, Wijnand] Univ Tromso, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med Biol, NO-9037 Tromso, Norway. [Heederik, Dick] Univ Utrecht, Div Environm Epidemiol, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Duchaine, Caroline] Inst Univ Cardiol & Pneumol Quebec, Ctr Rech, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Duchaine, Caroline] Univ Laval, Biochem Microbiol & Bioinformat Dept, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Green, Brett James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Eduard, W (reprint author), Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Oslo, Norway. EM wijnand.eduard@stami.no; d.heederik@uu.nl; caroline.duchaine@bcm.ulaval.ca; dox6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 56 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 7 U2 43 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 BP 334 EP 339 DI 10.1039/c2em10717a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 885QT UT WOS:000299794900002 PM 22267210 ER PT J AU Ashley, K Shulman, SA Brisson, MJ Howe, AM AF Ashley, Kevin Shulman, Stanley A. Brisson, Michael J. Howe, Alan M. TI Interlaboratory evaluation of trace element determination in workplace air filter samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Modern Principles for Air Monitoring and Biomonitoring (AIRMON) CY JUN 19-23, 2011 CL Loen, NORWAY SP AFA Fdn, Swedish Council Work Life & Social Res, Swedish Res Council, Lund Univ, Med Fac, Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Univ Omea, German Social Accident Insurance(IFA), Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Inst Rech & Securite (INRS), Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Hlth & Safety Lab (HSL), Natl Inst Safety & Hlth (NIOSH), Nord Inst Adv Training Occupat Hlth (NIVA) ID CHEMISTRY; METALS AB Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is becoming more widely used for trace elemental analysis in the occupational hygiene field, and consequently new ICP-MS international standard procedures have been promulgated by ASTM International and ISO. However, there is a dearth of interlaboratory performance data for this analytical methodology. In an effort to fill this data void, an interlaboratory evaluation of ICP-MS for determining trace elements in workplace air samples was conducted, towards fulfillment of method validation requirements for international voluntary consensus standard test methods. The study was performed in accordance with applicable statistical procedures for investigating interlaboratory precision. The evaluation was carried out using certified 37-mm diameter mixed-cellulose ester (MCE) filters that were fortified with 21 elements of concern in occupational hygiene. Elements were spiked at levels ranging from 0.025 to 10 mu g filter(-1), with three different filter loadings denoted "Low", "Medium" and "High". Participating laboratories were recruited from a pool of over fifty invitees; ultimately twenty laboratories from Europe, North America and Asia submitted results. Triplicates of each certified filter with elemental contents at three different levels, plus media blanks spiked with reagent, were conveyed to each volunteer laboratory. Each participant was also provided a copy of the test method which each participant was asked to follow; spiking levels were unknown to the participants. The laboratories were requested to prepare the filters by one of three sample preparation procedures, i.e., hotplate digestion, microwave digestion or hot block extraction, which were described in the test method. Participants were then asked to analyze aliquots of the prepared samples by ICP-MS, and to report their data in units of mu g filter(-1). Most interlaboratory precision estimates were acceptable for medium-and high-level spikes (RSD < 25%), but generally yielded greater uncertainties than were anticipated at the outset of the study. C1 [Ashley, Kevin; Shulman, Stanley A.] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Brisson, Michael J.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Howe, Alan M.] Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton SK19 9JN, Derby, England. [Ashley, Kevin] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Ashley, K (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM KAshley@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 BP 360 EP 367 DI 10.1039/c1em10695c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 885QT UT WOS:000299794900006 PM 22038017 ER PT J AU Oatts, TJ Hicks, CE Adams, AR Brisson, MJ Youmans-McDonald, LD Hoover, MD Ashley, K AF Oatts, Thomas J. Hicks, Cheryl E. Adams, Amy R. Brisson, Michael J. Youmans-McDonald, Linda D. Hoover, Mark D. Ashley, Kevin TI Preparation, certification and interlaboratory analysis of workplace air filters spiked with high-fired beryllium oxide SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Modern Principles for Air Monitoring and Biomonitoring (AIRMON) CY JUN 19-23, 2011 CL Loen, NORWAY SP AFA Fdn, Swedish Council Work Life & Social Res, Swedish Res Council, Lund Univ, Med Fac, Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Univ Omea, German Social Accident Insurance(IFA), Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Inst Rech & Securite (INRS), Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Hlth & Safety Lab (HSL), Natl Inst Safety & Hlth (NIOSH), Nord Inst Adv Training Occupat Hlth (NIVA) ID AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE; TRACE BERYLLIUM; FLUORESCENCE; EXTRACTION; DISEASE; SAMPLES AB Occupational sampling and analysis for multiple elements is generally approached using various approved methods from authoritative government sources such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as well as consensus standards bodies such as ASTM International. The constituents of a sample can exist as unidentified compounds requiring sample preparation to be chosen appropriately, as in the case of beryllium in the form of beryllium oxide (BeO). An interlaboratory study was performed to collect analytical data from volunteer laboratories to examine the effectiveness of methods currently in use for preparation and analysis of samples containing calcined BeO powder. NIST SRM (R) 1877 high-fired BeO powder (1100 to 1200 degrees C calcining temperature; count median primary particle diameter 0.12 mu m) was used to spike air filter media as a representative form of beryllium particulate matter present in workplace sampling that is known to be resistant to dissolution. The BeO powder standard reference material was gravimetrically prepared in a suspension and deposited onto 37 mm mixed cellulose ester air filters at five different levels between 0.5 mu g and 25 mu g of Be (as BeO). Sample sets consisting of five BeO-spiked filters (in duplicate) and two blank filters, for a total of twelve unique air filter samples per set, were submitted as blind samples to each of 27 participating laboratories. Participants were instructed to follow their current process for sample preparation and utilize their normal analytical methods for processing samples containing substances of this nature. Laboratories using more than one sample preparation and analysis method were provided with more than one sample set. Results from 34 data sets ultimately received from the 27 volunteer laboratories were subjected to applicable statistical analyses. The observed performance data show that sample preparations using nitric acid alone, or combinations of nitric and hydrochloric acids, are not effective for complete extraction of Be from the SRM 1877 refractory BeO particulate matter spiked on air filters; but that effective recovery can be achieved by using sample preparation procedures utilizing either sulfuric or hydrofluoric acid, or by using methodologies involving ammonium bifluoride with heating. Laboratories responsible for quantitative determination of Be in workplace samples that may contain high-fired BeO should use quality assurance schemes that include BeO-spiked sampling media, rather than solely media spiked with soluble Be compounds, and should ensure that methods capable of quantitative digestion of Be from the actual material present are used. C1 [Ashley, Kevin] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Oatts, Thomas J.] Analyt Chem Org, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hicks, Cheryl E.; Adams, Amy R.] High Purity Stand, Charleston, SC 29423 USA. [Brisson, Michael J.; Youmans-McDonald, Linda D.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Analyt Labs, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Hoover, Mark D.] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ashley, Kevin] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Ashley, K (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM KAshley@cdc.gov RI Hoover, Mark/I-4201-2012 OI Hoover, Mark/0000-0002-8726-8127 NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 BP 391 EP 401 DI 10.1039/c1em10688k PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 885QT UT WOS:000299794900010 PM 22025111 ER PT J AU Masse, LC Fulton, JE Watson, KB Tortolero, S Kohl, HW Meyers, MC Blair, SN Wong, WW AF Masse, Louise C. Fulton, Janet E. Watson, Kathleen B. Tortolero, Susan Kohl, Harold W., III Meyers, Michael C. Blair, Steven N. Wong, William W. TI Comparing the Validity of 2 Physical Activity Questionnaire Formats in African-American and Hispanic Women SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE questionnaire design; validation study; diary; accelerometer; Doubly Labeled Water methodology ID DOUBLY LABELED WATER; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; ACTIVITY RECALL; MINORITY WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; VALIDATION; RELIABILITY; ADULTS; OLDER; DETERMINANTS AB Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of 2 physical activity questionnaire formats-one that lists activities (Checklist questionnaire) and one that assesses overall activities (Global questionnaire) by domain. Methods: Two questionnaire formats were validated among 260 African-American and Hispanic women (age 40-70) using 3 validation standards: I) accelerometers to validate activities of ambulation; 2) diaries to validate physical activity domains (occupation, household, exercise, yard, family, volunteer/church work, and transportation); and 3) doubly-labeled water to validate physical activity energy expenditure (DLW-PAEE). Results: The proportion of total variance explained by the Checklist questionnaire was 38.4% with diaries, 9.0% with accelerometers, and 6.4% with DLW-PAEE. The Global questionnaire explained 17.6% of the total variance with diaries and about 5% with both accelerometers and with DLW-PAEE. Overall, associations with the 3 validation standards were slightly better with the Checklist questionnaire. However, agreement with DLW-PAEE was poor with both formats and the Checklist format resulted in greater overestimation. Validity results also indicated the Checklist format was better suited to recall household, family, and transportation activities. Conclusions: Overall, the Checklist format had slightly better measurement properties than the Global format. Both questionnaire formats are better suited to rank individuals. C1 [Masse, Louise C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pediat, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Fulton, Janet E.; Watson, Kathleen B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tortolero, Susan] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kohl, Harold W., III] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Meyers, Michael C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Dev, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Wong, William W.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Masse, LC (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Pediat, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U48/CC609653] NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 9 IS 2 BP 237 EP 248 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 901IO UT WOS:000300960800009 PM 22368223 ER PT J AU Allen, KD Chen, JC Callahan, LF Golightly, YM Helmick, CG Renner, JB Schwartz, TA Jordan, JM AF Allen, Kelli D. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan Callahan, Leigh F. Golightly, Yvonne M. Helmick, Charles G. Renner, Jordan B. Schwartz, Todd A. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Racial Differences in Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: Potential Contribution of Occupational and Household Tasks SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OSTEOARTHRITIS; OCCUPATIONS; KNEE ID REPORTED WORK HISTORY; PHYSICAL DEMANDS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; VALIDITY; HIP; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREVALENCE; VALIDATION; PROJECT; EXPOSURES AB Objective. We examined whether occupational and household tasks contributed to differences in pain between African Americans and whites with radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods. Participants from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project self-reported the frequency (often/always vs never/seldom/sometimes) of performing 9 occupational tasks involving lower extremity joint loading at their longest job (N = 868) and current job (N = 273), as well as 8 household tasks ever performed (N = 811) and currently being performed (N = 767). The associations of the numbers of occupational or household tasks with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale were first examined in simple linear regression models. If significantly associated with greater pain, each of these was included in adjusted linear regression models to examine whether the association of race with pain remained statistically significant. Results. African Americans reported significantly greater WOMAC pain scores than whites. Exposures to more occupational tasks at the longest job and the current job were associated with greater WOMAC pain scores (p < 0.01). The association of race with greater pain scores remained statistically significant when controlling for occupational tasks at the longest job, but was reduced by 26% and no longer significant when controlling for the number of current occupational tasks. Exposures to an increasing number of household tasks were associated with lower pain scores and were not further analyzed. Conclusion. Current performance of physically demanding occupational tasks contributed to racial differences in pain severity among individuals with knee OA. Better workplace policies to accommodate OA-related limitations may help to reduce racial differences in pain. (First Release Dec 1 2011; J Rheumatol 2012;39:337-44; doi:10.3899/jrheum.110040) C1 Durham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Durham, NC USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Dept Orthopaed, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Dept Social Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Chapel Hill, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Allen, KD (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, HSR&D 152, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM kelli.allen@duke.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012; Agaliotis, Maria/G-5334-2012; Chen, JC/I-2261-2016 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543; FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S1734, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center [5-P60-AR30701]; NIAMS Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center [5 P60 AR49465-03]; NIAMS [T-32-AR007416] FX Supported by cooperative agreements S043, S1734, and S3486, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center grant 5-P60-AR30701; and NIAMS Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center grant 5 P60 AR49465-03 and NIAMS Arthritis and Immunology Training Grant T-32-AR007416. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 6 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 365 BLOOR ST E, STE 901, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3L4, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 337 EP 344 DI 10.3899/jrheum.110040 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 901ZK UT WOS:000301008200022 PM 22133621 ER PT J AU Montes, F Sarmiento, OL Zarama, R Pratt, M Wang, GJ Jacoby, E Schmid, TL Ramos, M Ruiz, O Vargas, O Michel, G Zieff, SG Valdivia, JA Cavill, N Kahlmeier, S AF Montes, Felipe Sarmiento, Olga L. Zarama, Roberto Pratt, Michael Wang, Guijing Jacoby, Enrique Schmid, Thomas L. Ramos, Mauricio Ruiz, Oscar Vargas, Olga Michel, Gabriel Zieff, Susan G. Alejandro Valdivia, Juan Cavill, Nick Kahlmeier, Sonja TI Do Health Benefits Outweigh the Costs of Mass Recreational Programs? An Economic Analysis of Four Ciclovia Programs SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Ciclovia program; Complex system; Urban organization; Physical activity; Economic assessment; Cost-benefit ratio; Nonmotorized transport; Human behavior; Dynamics of large cities ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS; WALKING; LIFE AB One promising public health intervention for promoting physical activity is the Ciclovia program. The Ciclovia is a regular multisectorial community-based program in which streets are temporarily closed for motorized transport, allowing exclusive access to individuals for recreational activities and physical activity. The objective of this study was to conduct an analysis of the cost-benefit ratios of physical activity of the Ciclovia programs of Bogota and Medellin in Colombia, Guadalajara in M,xico, and San Francisco in the USA. The data of the four programs were obtained from program directors and local surveys. The annual cost per capita of the programs was: US $6.0 for Bogota, US $23.4 for Medellin, US $6.5 for Guadalajara, and US $70.5 for San Francisco. The cost-benefit ratio for health benefit from physical activity was 3.23-4.26 for Bogota, 1.83 for Medellin, 1.02-1.23 for Guadalajara, and 2.32 for San Francisco. For the program of Bogota, the cost-benefit ratio was more sensitive to the prevalence of physically active bicyclists; for Guadalajara, the cost-benefit ratio was more sensitive to user costs; and for the programs of Medellin and San Francisco, the cost-benefit ratios were more sensitive to operational costs. From a public health perspective for promoting physical activity, these Ciclovia programs are cost beneficial. C1 [Montes, Felipe; Zarama, Roberto] Univ Los Andes, Dept Ind Engn, Fac Engn, CeiBA Complex Syst Res Ctr, Bogota, Colombia. [Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Pratt, Michael; Schmid, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Guijing] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jacoby, Enrique] Pan Amer World Hlth Org, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, DPC NC, Washington, DC USA. [Ramos, Mauricio; Ruiz, Oscar] IDRD, Bogota, Colombia. [Vargas, Olga] UMA Planeac, Inst Recreac & Deporte INDER, Medellin, Colombia. [Michel, Gabriel] Consejo Municipal Deporte Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Zieff, Susan G.] San Francisco State Univ, Act Living Lifespan Res Grp, Dept Kinesiol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Alejandro Valdivia, Juan] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Cavill, Nick] Cavill Associates, Mercury Off, Stockport, Cheshire, England. [Kahlmeier, Sonja] Univ Zurich, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Phys Act & Hlth Unit, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Montes, F (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Ind Engn, Fac Engn, CeiBA Complex Syst Res Ctr, Carrera 1Este 19A 40, Bogota, Colombia. EM fel-mont@uniandes.edu.co RI Valdivia, Juan/A-3631-2008; Montes, Felipe/D-4170-2012; Kahlmeier, Sonja/B-8141-2014; OI Valdivia, Juan/0000-0003-3381-9904; Montes, Felipe/0000-0002-9923-4004; Kahlmeier, Sonja/0000-0001-6905-9244; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568; Zarama, Roberto/0000-0002-5018-9783 FU Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Basic and Applied Complexity, CeiBA (Bogota, Colombia), Colciencias [519 2010]; La Universidad de los Andes in Bogota FX The authors of the research would like to acknowledge the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Basic and Applied Complexity, CeiBA (Bogota, Colombia), Colciencias grant 519 2010, and the grant from sustainable mobility research projects by La Universidad de los Andes in Bogota. We also would like to acknowledge Pablo Lemoine and Gina Rojas from El Centro Nacional de Consultoria (Bogota, Colombia); Rocio Gamez of the IDRD of Bogota; Claudia Arango, Claudia Garzon, Fabian Higuita, and Andres Felipe Garcia of the INDER of Medellin, the Municipal Council of Sports of Guadalajara, Livable City of San Francisco for providing the data of the Ciclova programs; and Claudia Guedes, Mi-Sook Kim, Patrick Tierney, and Jackson Wilson of the Active Living Across the Lifespan Research Group of San Francisco State University, California, for the data collection. We would like to thank Maria Luis Latorre, Juan Carlos Mendieta, and Candace Rutt who provided valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Pan American Health Organization. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 89 IS 1 BP 153 EP 170 DI 10.1007/s11524-011-9628-8 PG 18 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 897RO UT WOS:000300673200013 PM 22170324 ER PT J AU Cordovado, SK Hendrix, M Greene, CN Mochal, S Earley, MC Farrell, PM Kharrazi, M Hannon, WH Mueller, PW AF Cordovado, S. K. Hendrix, M. Greene, C. N. Mochal, S. Earley, M. C. Farrell, P. M. Kharrazi, M. Hannon, W. H. Mueller, P. W. TI CFTR mutation analysis and haplotype associations in CF patients SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE Cystic fibrosis; CFTR; Mutation; Newborn screening; Haplotype ID TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; SIMPLE MENDELIAN DISORDERS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; COMPLEX TRAITS; DISEASE; NEWBORN; GENE; CONSEQUENCES; TRYPSINOGEN; PHENOTYPES AB Most newborn screening (NBS) laboratories use second-tier molecular tests for cystic fibrosis (CF) using dried blood spots (DBS). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's NBS Quality Assurance Program offers proficiency testing (PT) in DBS for CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation detection. Extensive molecular characterization on 76 CF patients, family members or screen positive newborns was performed for quality assurance. The coding, regulatory regions and portions of all introns were sequenced and large insertions/deletions were characterized as well as two intronic di-nucleotide microsatellites. For CF patient samples, at least two mutations were identified/verified and four specimens contained three likely CF-associated mutations. Thirty-four sequence variations in 152 chromosomes were identified, five of which were not previously reported. Twenty-seven of these variants were used to predict haplotypes from the major haplotype block defined by HapMap data that spans the promoter through intron 19. Chromosomes containing the F508del (p.Phe508del), G542X (p.Gly542X) and N1303K (p.Asn1303Lys) mutations shared a common haplotype subgroup, consistent with a common ancient European founder. Understanding the haplotype background of CF-associated mutations in the U.S. population provides a framework for future phenotype/genotype studies and will assist in determining a likely cis/trans phase of the mutations without need for parent studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cordovado, S. K.; Hendrix, M.; Greene, C. N.; Mochal, S.; Earley, M. C.; Hannon, W. H.; Mueller, P. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farrell, P. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Kharrazi, M.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. RP Cordovado, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F24, Atlanta, GA USA. EM scordovado@cdc.gov; mhendrix@cdc.gov; cgreene@cdc.gov; sean.t.mochal@emory.edu; mearley@cdc.gov; pmfarrell@wisc.edu; Marty.Kharrazi@cdph.ca.gov; whannon@bellsouth.net; pmueller@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health's Division of Laboratory Sciences; NIH [DK 34108]; CDC FX The authors wish to thank Dr Cedric Le Marechal from Laboratoire de genetique moleculaire et d'histocompatibilite, Genetique moleculaire et genetique epidemiologique, CHU Hopital Morvan in Brest, France for helpful comments and review. Sean Mochal was funded by the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health's Division of Laboratory Sciences, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. Dr. Philip Farrell was supported by NIH grant DK 34108. All work performed was supported by CDC. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 105 IS 2 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.10.013 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 885DI UT WOS:000299758300013 PM 22137130 ER PT J AU Rock, VJ Davis, SP Thorne, SL Caraballo, RS AF Rock, Valerie J. Davis, Shane P. Thorne, Stacy L. Caraballo, Ralph S. TI Menthol Cigarette Use: The Challenge to Improve Measurement and Monitoring Among Adolescent Smokers SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; SMOKING-CESSATION; YOUTH C1 [Rock, Valerie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Rock, VJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vrock@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 2 BP 251 EP 252 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntr190 PG 2 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 885NO UT WOS:000299785900019 ER PT J AU Reynolds, MG Damon, IK AF Reynolds, Mary G. Damon, Inger K. TI Outbreaks of human monkeypox after cessation of smallpox vaccination SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE monkeypox; smallpox vaccine; emerging infectious disease; immune evasion; ecological niche; Congo Basin ID PROTECTS NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; MODIFIED VACCINIA VIRUS; DNA VACCINE; LETHAL MONKEYPOX; CONGO BASIN; AFRICAN STRAINS; NORTH-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; WEST-AFRICAN; RISK-FACTORS AB The recent observation of a surge in human monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) prompts the question of whether cessation of smallpox vaccination is driving the phenomenon, and if so, why is re-emergence not universal throughout the historic geographic range of the virus? Research addressing the virus's mechanisms for immune evasion and induction, as well as that directed at elucidating the genes involved in pathogenesis in different viral lineages (West African vs Congo Basin), provide insights to help explain why emergence appears to be geographically limited. Novel vaccines offer one solution to curtail the spread of this disease. C1 [Reynolds, Mary G.; Damon, Inger K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Damon, IK (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-43, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iad7@cdc.gov NR 74 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-842X J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL JI Trends Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 20 IS 2 BP 80 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.tim.2011.12.001 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 901KK UT WOS:000300965600004 PM 22239910 ER PT J AU Overton, ET Patel, P Mondy, K Bush, T Conley, L Rhame, F Kojic, EM Hammer, J Henry, K Brooks, JT AF Overton, Edgar Turner Patel, Pragna Mondy, Kristin Bush, Tim Conley, Lois Rhame, Frank Kojic, Erna Milunka Hammer, John Henry, Keith Brooks, John T. CA SUN Study Investigators TI Cystatin C and Baseline Renal Function Among HIV-Infected Persons in the SUN Study SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ELDERLY PERSONS; SERUM CONCENTRATION; BODY-COMPOSITION; CREATININE; TENOFOVIR; MARKER AB In the combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, renal dysfunction remains common. The Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy (SUN) (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00146419) is a prospective observational cohort study of HIV-infected adults. At baseline, comprehensive data were collected, including cystatin C and measures of renal function. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with baseline renal dysfunction [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <90 ml/min/1.73 m(2) calculated using the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation] and elevated cystatin C (>1.0 mg/liter) in a cross-sectional analysis. Among 670 subjects with complete data (mean age 41 years, mean CD4 cell count 530 cells/mm(3), 79% prescribed cART), the mean eGFR was 96.8 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Forty percent of subjects had renal dysfunction; 3.3% had chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). Elevated cystatin C was present in 18% of subjects. In multivariate analysis, renal dysfunction was associated with older age, non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, higher body mass index (BMI), hypertension, higher cystatin C levels, and current prescription of ritonavir. Factors associated with elevated cystatin C included hepatitis C coinfection, hypertension, current smoking, older age, current tenofovir use, detectable plasma HIV RNA, and elevated microalbuminuria. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was low in this contemporary HIV cohort. However, mild to moderate renal dysfunction was common despite the widespread use of cART. C1 [Overton, Edgar Turner] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Patel, Pragna; Bush, Tim; Conley, Lois; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mondy, Kristin] Univ Texas Med Branch, Austin Programs, Austin, TX USA. [Rhame, Frank] Abbott NW Hosp, Minneapolis, MN 55407 USA. [Rhame, Frank; Henry, Keith] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Kojic, Erna Milunka] Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO USA. [Henry, Keith] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, HIV Program, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Overton, ET (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, 660 S Euclid Ave,Campus Box 8051, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM toverton@dom.wustl.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636]; Abbott; Gilead; Bavarian Nordic; Glaxo-Smith-Kline; Boehringer Ingelheim; Tibotec; Serono; Centers for Disease Control; NIH (NIAID) FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636. The investigation followed the guidelines of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services regarding protection of human subjects. The study protocol was approved and renewed annually by each participating institutions' ethical review board. All study participants provided written, informed consent.; E.T.O. has served as a consultant, on speakers' bureau, or on an advisory board for the following companies: Gilead, Bristol Myers Squibb, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Tibotec, Merck, Monogram Sciences, and Boehringer Ingelheim. He also has received research support from the following companies: Abbott, Gilead, Bavarian Nordic, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Tibotec. F. R. has served as a consultant, on speakers' bureau, or on an advisory board for the following companies: Gilead, Glaxo-Smith-Kline/ViiV, Tibotec, Merck, and Boehringer Ingelheim. He also has received research support from the following companies: Gilead and Tibotec. K. H. has served as a consultant, on speakers' bureau, or on an advisory board for the following companies: Gilead and Glaxo-Smith-Kline/ViiV. He has received research support from Tibotec, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Serono, Centers for Disease Control, and NIH (NIAID). NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2 BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1089/aid.2011.0018 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 895VS UT WOS:000300525400003 PM 21480819 ER PT J AU Pedersen, DJA Klancnik, M Elms, N Wang, ML Hoffmann, RG Kurup, VP Kelly, KJ AF Pedersen, Deborah J. Accetta Klancnik, Meribeth Elms, Nancy Wang, Mei Lin Hoffmann, Raymond G. Kurup, Viswanath P. Kelly, Kevin J. TI Analysis of available diagnostic tests for latex sensitization in an at-risk population SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; IGE ANTIBODIES; ALLERGY; PREVALENCE; ANTIGEN; SAFETY; ASSAYS; FOOD AB Background: Lack of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved skin testing reagent for latex allergy in the United States requires reliance on patient history and serologic assays for diagnosis. Objective: To determine the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of an FDA-cleared antilatex IgE serology test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with various sources of latex protein antigens in an at-risk but unselected population of health care workers. Methods: Health care workers underwent duplicate latex and serologic testing for latex specific IgE with the CAP assay and ELISA from June 1, 1998, through December 31, 2002. Logistic regression with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined the values, resulting in 98% and 99% specificity for the CAP assay and ELISA, respectively. Results: Results of paired skin and serologic tests were available for 792 participants. Forty duplicate skin test results (5%) were positive. For the CAP assay, sensitivity was 35%; specificity, 98%; positive predictive value, 48.3%; and negative predictive value, 96.6%. ELISA demonstrated similar results. Multivariable logistic regression yielding a 98% or 99% specificity for the various ELISAs demonstrated that the adjusted odds of a positive skin test result significantly increased with positive CAP assay and ELISA results using a powdered glove extract. Conclusions: The performance of the FDA-cleared antilatex IgE serologic test for latex allergy has much lower sensitivity than previously reported. This finding confirms that this serologic test should be used only for patients with a history of latex allergy and not for screening the population with a low prevalence of latex sensitization. (C) 2012 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelly, Kevin J.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, Milwaukee, WI 53266 USA. [Wang, Mei Lin] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Kelly, KJ (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, 9000 W Wisconsin Ave,440, Milwaukee, WI 53266 USA. EM kjkelly@mcw.edu FU National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health [U60/CCU14541] FX This study was sponsored by grant U60/CCU14541 from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 108 IS 2 BP 94 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.anai.2011.11.009 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 898EU UT WOS:000300720000006 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Tsai, J Balluz, LS AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Tsai, James Balluz, Lina S. TI A comparison of depression prevalence estimates measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire with two administration modes: computer-assisted telephone interviewing versus computer-assisted personal interviewing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Depression; Patient Health Questionnaire; Mode of administration; Computer-assisted telephone interviewing; Computer-assisted personal interviewing ID FACE-TO-FACE; FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PRIMARY-CARE; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; CONSEQUENCES; ADULTS; PHQ-9 AB To compare depression prevalence estimates measured by the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) with two administration modes in two national surveys. Data on adults aged 18 years and older who participated in the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (n = 198,678) and those who participated in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (n = 4,800) were analyzed. The crude PHQ-8 depression prevalence estimate using the diagnostic algorithm was higher in BRFSS with computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) (9.16%, SE 0.15) than in NHANES with computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) (6.28%, SE 0.59) (P < 0.001). After adjustment for demographic characteristics, the difference in the prevalence estimates remained (9.68% in BRFSS vs. 6.13% in NHANES, P < 0.001). Similar differences in the depression prevalence estimates using the PHQ-8 cutoff score a parts per thousand yen10 were detected (9.22% in BRFSS vs. 5.15% in NHANES, P < 0.001). Significant differences in the depression prevalence persisted in subgroups stratified by demographic characteristics and major health risk factors and outcomes. The PHQ-8 administered by CATI yielded about 3.5% higher depression prevalence estimate than that by CAPI. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-8556 J9 INT J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Int. J. Public Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 57 IS 1 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1007/s00038-011-0253-9 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896FR UT WOS:000300551400031 PM 21523617 ER PT J AU Choudhary, E Gunzler, D Tu, X Bossarte, RM AF Choudhary, Ekta Gunzler, Douglas Tu, Xin Bossarte, Robert M. TI Epidemiological Characteristics of Male Sexual Assault in a Criminological Database SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE sexual violence; victimization; surveillance; criminal justice; official records ID ADULT MALES; PREVALENCE RATES; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; RISK-FACTORS; MEN; ABUSE; VICTIMIZATION; VIOLENCE; VICTIMS; WOMEN AB Sexual assault among males, compared with females, is understudied, and may also be significantly underreported. Past studies have relied primarily on population-based survey data to estimate the prevalence of sexual assault and associated health outcomes. However, survey-based studies rely primarily on self-reports of victimization and may not accurately estimate the true prevalence of male sexual assault victimization. In order to obtain a detailed assessment of sexual assault among males, criminological databases like the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) may provide an important and unique source of information. The objective of the current study was to use data from the 2001-2005 NIBRS to construct an epidemiological profile of sexual assault among males. Our results suggest that the incidence of sexual assault was higher among young males (less than 19 years of age), with approximately 90% of all cases being reported among members of this age group. Among males of all ages, forcible fondling and sodomy were the most prevalent forms of sexual assault. Results from additional analyses include age- and race-specific rates of male sexual assault, the prevalence and severity of injury, and time trends detailing incidence by time of the day and location of the incident. Our analyses show that sexual assault is experienced by males of all age groups. However, the rate of sexual assault is higher among younger males. Despite some limitations, results from this study suggest that NIBRS data may provide a important complement to survey data for understanding breadth and consequences of male sexual assault. C1 [Choudhary, Ekta; Bossarte, Robert M.] W Virginia Univ, Injury Control Res Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Gunzler, Douglas] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Care Res & Policy, MetroHlth Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Tu, Xin] Univ Rochester, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Biostat Consulting Serv Ctr, Rochester, NY USA. [Bossarte, Robert M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Psychiat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Choudhary, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30346 USA. EM echoudhary@cdc.gov FU NCIPC CDC HHS [5 R49 CE000345] NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD FEB PY 2012 VL 27 IS 3 BP 523 EP 546 DI 10.1177/0886260511421674 PG 24 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 891LY UT WOS:000300219800007 PM 21987510 ER PT J AU Harder, VS Mutiso, VN Khasakhala, LI Burke, HM Ndetei, DM AF Harder, Valerie S. Mutiso, Victoria N. Khasakhala, Lincoln I. Burke, Heather M. Ndetei, David M. TI Multiple traumas, postelection violence, and posttraumatic stress among impoverished Kenyan youth SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID SOMALI ADOLESCENT REFUGEES; UGANDAN CHILD SOLDIERS; MENTAL-HEALTH; AMERICAN EMBASSY; HURRICANE-ANDREW; AGE-CHILDREN; FOLLOW-UP; DISORDER; PTSD; DISASTERS AB Research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among youth has focused on specific subgroups from developed countries. Most of the world's youth and war-like violence, however, is concentrated in developing countries, yet there is limited mental health data within affected countries. This study focused on a random community-based sample of 552 impoverished youth ages 618 within an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, which experienced war-like violence for a month following the contested presidential election of 2007. Six months after the violence ended, 99 (18%) had PTSD according to the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index (Steinberg, Brymer, Decker, & Pynoos, 2004), and an additional 18 (3%) were found to have partial PTSD due to high overall scores. Kenyan psychologists conducted diagnostic interviews and found the positive predictive value of the assessment tool to be 72% in this sample; the confirmed prevalence was 12%. Similar to other studies worldwide, Criterion C (avoidance) was the limiting factor for diagnosing PTSD according to the DSM-IV-TR, and parentchild agreement was at best fair. The number of traumatic experiences was strongly associated with PTSD outcomes. Differences due to age or sex were not found. The findings indicate the need for universal mental health services for trauma-exposed youth and their families in the impoverished informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya. C1 [Harder, Valerie S.] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Harder, Valerie S.; Mutiso, Victoria N.; Khasakhala, Lincoln I.; Ndetei, David M.] Africa Mental Hlth Fdn, Nairobi, Kenya. [Burke, Heather M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ndetei, David M.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Psychiat, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Harder, VS (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, 1 S Prospect St, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM vharder@uvm.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [K01 TW008410] NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 IS 1 BP 64 EP 70 DI 10.1002/jts.21660 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 897VA UT WOS:000300685800010 PM 22354509 ER PT J AU Shieh, WJ Drew, C Lockhart, S Taylor, CA Liu, L Blau, D Paddock, C Gade, L Fanfair, RN Turabelidze, G Park, BJ Brandt, ME Zaki, SR AF Shieh, W-J Drew, C. Lockhart, S. Taylor, C. A. Liu, L. Blau, D. Paddock, C. Gade, L. Fanfair, R. N. Turabelidze, G. Park, B. J. Brandt, M. E. Zaki, S. R. TI Pathologic Studies of Cases with Fungal Soft Tissue Infections after a Tornado-Joplin, Missouri, 2011 SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 101st Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology (USCAP) CY MAR 17-23, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol (USCAP) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 92 SU 1 MA 1625 BP 388A EP 388A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 885SA UT WOS:000299799902137 ER PT J AU Dorell, CG Yankey, D Byrd, KK Murphy, TV AF Dorell, Christina G. Yankey, David Byrd, Kathy K. Murphy, Trudy V. TI Hepatitis A Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescents; hepatitis A; immunizations ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARE; IMMUNIZATION; INSURANCE; VACCINES; OUTBREAK AB OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis A infection causes severe disease among adolescents and adults. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices instituted incremental recommendations for hepatitis A vaccination (HepA) at 2 years of age based on risk (1996), in selected states (1999), and universally at 1 year of age, with vaccination through 18 years of age based on risk or desire for protection (2006). We assessed adolescent HepA coverage in the United States and factors independently associated with vaccination. METHODS: Data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen (n = 20 066) were analyzed to determine >= 1- and >= 2-dose HepA coverage among adolescents 13 to 17 years of age. We used bivariate and multivariable analyses to test associations between HepA initiation and sociodemographic characteristics stratified by state groups: group 1, universal child vaccination since 1999; group 2, consideration for child vaccination since 1999; group 3, universal child vaccination at 1 year of age since 2006. RESULTS: In 2009, national 1-dose HepA coverage among adolescents was 42.0%. Seventy percent of vaccinees completed the 2-dose series. One-dose coverage was 74.3% among group 1 states, 54.0% for group 2 states, and 27.8% for group 3 states. The adjusted prevalence ratios of vaccination initiation were highest for states with a vaccination requirement and for adolescents whose providers recommended HepA. CONCLUSIONS: HepA coverage was low among most adolescents in the United States in 2009 leaving a large population susceptible to hepatitis A infection maturing into adulthood. Pediatrics 2012;129:213-221 C1 [Dorell, Christina G.; Yankey, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Byrd, Kathy K.; Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dorell, CG (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdorell@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2197 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100042 PM 22271690 ER PT J AU Kochanek, KD Kirmeyer, SE Martin, JA Strobino, DM Guyer, B AF Kochanek, Kenneth D. Kirmeyer, Sharon E. Martin, Joyce A. Strobino, Donna M. Guyer, Bernard TI Annual Summary of Vital Statistics: 2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE birth; death; teenaged fertility; infant mortality; low birth weight; mortality; multiple births; cesarean rate; vital statistics; International Classification of Diseases; Tenth Revision; revised certificates ID INFANT-MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES AB The number of births in the United States decreased by 3% between 2008 and 2009 to 4 130 665 births. The general fertility rate also declined 3% to 66.7 per 1000 women. The teenage birth rate fell 6% to 39.1 per 1000. Birth rates also declined for women 20 to 39 years and for all 5-year groups, but the rate for women 40 to 44 years continued to rise. The percentage of all births to unmarried women increased to 41.0% in 2009, up from 40.6% in 2008. In 2009, 32.9% of all births occurred by cesarean delivery, continuing its rise. The 2009 preterm birth rate declined for the third year in a row to 12.18%. The low-birth-weight rate was unchanged in 2009 at 8.16%. Both twin and triplet and higher order birth rates increased. The infant mortality rate was 6.42 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2009. The rate is significantly lower than the rate of 6.61 in 2008. Linked birth and infant death data from 2007 showed that non-Hispanic black infants continued to have much higher mortality rates than non-Hispanic white and Hispanic infants. Life expectancy at birth was 78.2 years in 2009. Crude death rates for children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years decreased by 6.5% between 2008 and 2009. Unintentional injuries and homicide, the first and second leading causes of death jointly accounted for 48.6% of all deaths to children and adolescents in 2009. Pediatrics 2012;129:338-348 C1 [Kochanek, Kenneth D.; Kirmeyer, Sharon E.; Martin, Joyce A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Strobino, Donna M.; Guyer, Bernard] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Kochanek, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kdk2@cdc.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD042854] NR 30 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP 338 EP 348 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3435 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100056 PM 22291121 ER PT J AU Fu, LY Weissman, M McLaren, R Thomas, C Campbell, J Mbafor, J Doshi, U Cora-Bramble, D AF Fu, Linda Y. Weissman, Mark McLaren, Rosie Thomas, Cherie Campbell, Jacquelyn Mbafor, Jacob Doshi, Urvi Cora-Bramble, Denice TI Improving the Quality of Immunization Delivery to an At-Risk Population: A Comprehensive Approach SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunizations; quality improvement; vaccines; pediatric; pediatric outpatient clinics ID AREA VACCINATION COVERAGE; AGED 19-35 MONTHS; CHRONIC CARE MODEL; UNITED-STATES; CHRONIC ILLNESS; CHILDREN; PRESCHOOL; INFANTS AB OBJECTIVE: Immunization quality improvement (QI) interventions are rarely tested as multicomponent interventions within the context of a theoretical framework proven to improve outcomes. Our goal was to study a comprehensive QI program to increase immunization rates for underserved children that relied on recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Task Force on Community Preventive Services and the framework of the Chronic Care Model. METHODS: QI activities occurred from September 2007 to May 2008 at 6 health centers serving a low-income, minority population in Washington, DC. Interventions included family reminders, education, expanding immunization access, reminders and feedback for providers, and coordination of activities with community stakeholders. We determined project effectiveness in improving the 4:3:1:3:3:1:3 vaccination series (4 diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines, 3 poliovirus vaccines, 1 measles-mumps-rubella vaccine, 3 Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines, 3 hepatitis B vaccines, 1 varicella vaccine, and three 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines) compliance. RESULTS: We found a 16% increase in immunization rates overall and a 14% increase in on-time immunization by 24 months of age. Improvement was achieved at all 6 health centers and maintained beyond 18 months. CONCLUSION: We were able to implement a comprehensive immunization QI program that was sustainable over time. Pediatrics 2012; 129:e496-e503 C1 [Fu, Linda Y.; Weissman, Mark; Cora-Bramble, Denice] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Goldberg Ctr Community Pediat Hlth, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Weissman, Mark] DC Partnership Improve Childrens Healthcare Qual, Washington, DC USA. [McLaren, Rosie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [McLaren, Rosie; Thomas, Cherie; Campbell, Jacquelyn; Mbafor, Jacob; Doshi, Urvi] Dist Columbia Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Fu, LY (reprint author), Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Goldberg Ctr Gen & Community Pediat, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM lfu@cnmc.org OI Fu, Linda/0000-0002-5649-5167 FU District of Columbia Department of Health [PO310557]; Pfizer; Sanofi-Pasteur FX This work was supported in part by District of Columbia Department of Health grant PO310557. The Department of Health was involved in study design, conduct, data collection, review, and approval of the manuscript. L.Y.F. had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.; Drs Fu and Cora-Bramble have served on an advisory board to Pfizer on reducing barriers to immunization among special populations. Dr Cora-Bramble has also been a reviewer of Pfizer grants with this same purpose. In addition, for 3 months, our health centers participated in a program sponsored by Sanofi-Pasteur to receive a reduced rate for placing autodialer calls. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP E496 EP E503 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3610 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100030 PM 22232306 ER PT J AU Lin, S Munsie, JPW Herdt-Losavio, ML Druschel, CM Campbell, K Browne, ML Romitti, PA Olney, RS Bell, EM AF Lin, Shao Munsie, Jean Pierre W. Herdt-Losavio, Michele L. Druschel, Charlotte M. Campbell, Kimberly Browne, Marilyn L. Romitti, Paul A. Olney, Richard S. Bell, Erin M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Maternal Asthma Medication Use and the Risk of Selected Birth Defects SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE anti-inflammatory; asthma; birth defects; bronchodilator; medication ID CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; EXACERBATIONS; PREVENTION; SAFETY; COHORT AB OBJECTIVES: Approximately 4% to 12% of pregnant women have asthma; few studies have examined the effects of maternal asthma medication use on birth defects. We examined whether maternal asthma medication use during early pregnancy increased the risk of selected birth defects. METHODS: National Birth Defects Prevention Study data for 2853 infants with 1 or more selected birth defects (diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia, small intestinal atresia, anorectal atresia, neural tube defects, omphalocele, or limb deficiencies) and 6726 unaffected control infants delivered from October 1997 through December 2005 were analyzed. Mothers of cases and controls provided telephone interviews of medication use and additional potential risk factors. Exposure was defined as maternal periconceptional (1 month prior through the third month of pregnancy) asthma medication use (bronchodilator or anti-inflammatory). Associations between maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and individual major birth defects were estimated by using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: No statistically significant associations were observed for maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and most defects studied; however, positive associations were observed between maternal asthma medication use and isolated esophageal atresia (bronchodilator use: aOR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.23, 4.66), isolated anorectal atresia (anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.09, 4.12), and omphalocele ( bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 4.13, 95%CI = 1.43, 11.95). CONCLUSIONS: Positive associations were observed for anorectal atresia, esophageal atresia, and omphalocele and maternal periconceptional asthma medication use, but not for other defects studied. It is possible that observed associations may be chance findings or may be a result of maternal asthma severity and related hypoxia rather than medication use. Pediatrics 2012;129:e317-e324 C1 [Lin, Shao] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Lin, Shao; Herdt-Losavio, Michele L.; Druschel, Charlotte M.; Browne, Marilyn L.; Bell, Erin M.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Educ & Res Therapeut, Iowa City, IA USA. [Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lin, S (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Ctr Environm Hlth, 547 River St,Room 200, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM sxl05@health.state.ny.us OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU223184] FX This study was supported by a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, grant U50/CCU223184. Coding of drug information in the study used the Slone Epidemiology Center Drug Dictionary, under license from the Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP E317 EP E324 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-2660 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100009 PM 22250027 ER PT J AU Mandal, S Tatti, KM Woods-Stout, D Cassiday, PK Faulkner, AE Griffith, MM Jackson, ML Pawloski, LC Wagner, B Barnes, M Cohn, AC Gershman, KA Messonnier, NE Clark, TA Tondella, MLC Martin, SW AF Mandal, Sema Tatti, Kathleen M. Woods-Stout, Denise Cassiday, Pamela K. Faulkner, Amanda E. Griffith, Matthew M. Jackson, Michael L. Pawloski, Lucia C. Wagner, Bari Barnes, Meghan Cohn, Amanda C. Gershman, Ken A. Messonnier, Nancy E. Clark, Thomas A. Tondella, Maria-Lucia C. Martin, Stacey W. TI Pertussis Pseudo-outbreak Linked to Specimens Contaminated by Bordetella pertussis DNA From Clinic Surfaces SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pertussis; cross contamination; disease outbreak; polymerase chain reaction; false positive result; diagnostic errors ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PCR; ADOLESCENTS; DIAGNOSIS; RECOMMENDATIONS; VACCINES; CULTURE; ADULTS AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We investigated a pertussis outbreak characterized by atypical cases, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) alone at a single laboratory, which persisted despite high vaccine coverage and routine control measures. We aimed to determine whether Bordetella pertussis was the causative agent and advise on control interventions. METHODS: We conducted case ascertainment, confirmatory testing for pertussis and other pathogens, and an assessment for possible sources of specimen contamination, including a survey of clinic practices, sampling clinics for B pertussis DNA, and review of laboratory quality indicators. RESULTS: Between November 28, 2008, and September 4, 2009, 125 cases were reported, of which 92 (74%) were PCR positive. Cases occurring after April 2009 (n = 79; 63%) had fewer classic pertussis symptoms (63% vs 98%; P < .01), smaller amounts of B pertussis DNA (mean PCR cycle threshold value: 40.9 vs 33.1; P < .01), and a greater proportion of PCR-positive results (34% vs 6%; P < .01). Cultures and serology for B pertussis were negative. Other common respiratory pathogens were detected. We identified factors that likely resulted in specimen contamination at the point of collection: environmentally present B pertussis DNA in clinics from vaccine, clinic standard specimen collection practices, use of liquid transport medium, and lack of clinically relevant PCR cutoffs. CONCLUSIONS: A summer pertussis pseudo-outbreak, multifactorial in cause, likely occurred. Recommendations beyond standard practice were made to providers on specimen collection and environmental cleaning, and to laboratories on standardizing PCR protocols and reporting results, to minimize false-positive results from contaminated clinical specimens. Pediatrics 2012;129:e424-e430 C1 [Mandal, Sema; Tatti, Kathleen M.; Cassiday, Pamela K.; Faulkner, Amanda E.; Griffith, Matthew M.; Jackson, Michael L.; Pawloski, Lucia C.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Clark, Thomas A.; Tondella, Maria-Lucia C.; Martin, Stacey W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mandal, Sema] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Woods-Stout, Denise; Barnes, Meghan; Gershman, Ken A.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Wagner, Bari] San Juan Basin Hlth Dept, Durango, CO USA. RP Mandal, S (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM smandal1@cdc.gov RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP E424 EP E430 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1710 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100021 PM 22250029 ER PT J AU Mitchell, T Jentes, E Ortega, L Sucosky, MS Jefferies, T Bajcevic, P Parr, V Jones, W Brown, MJ Painter, J AF Mitchell, Tarissa Jentes, Emily Ortega, Luis Sucosky, Marissa Scalia Jefferies, Taran Bajcevic, Predrag Parr, Valentina Jones, Warren Brown, Mary Jean Painter, John TI Lead Poisoning in United States-Bound Refugee Children: Thailand-Burma Border, 2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE lead poisoning; refugees; anemia; environmental exposure ID BLOOD; PREVENTION; MASSACHUSETTS; BEHAVIOR; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: Elevated blood lead levels lead to permanent neurocognitive sequelae in children. Resettled refugee children in the United States are considered at high risk for elevated blood lead levels, but the prevalence of and risk factors for elevated blood lead levels before resettlement have not been described. METHODS: Blood samples from children aged 6 months to 14 years from refugee camps in Thailand were tested for lead and hemoglobin. Sixty-seven children with elevated blood lead levels (venous >= 10 mu g/dL) or undetectable (capillary <3.3 mu g/dL) blood lead levels participated in a case-control study. RESULTS: Of 642 children tested, 33 (5.1%) had elevated blood lead levels. Children aged <2 years had the highest prevalence (14.5%). Among children aged <2 years included in a case-control study, elevated blood lead levels risk factors included hemoglobin <10 g/dL, exposure to car batteries, and taking traditional medicines. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of elevated blood lead levels among tested US-bound Burmese refugee children was higher than the current US prevalence, and was especially high among children,2 years old. Refugee children may arrive in the United States with elevated blood lead levels. A population-specific understanding of preexisting lead exposures can enhance postarrival lead-poisoning prevention efforts, based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for resettled refugee children, and can lead to remediation efforts overseas. Pediatrics 2012;129:e392-e413 C1 [Mitchell, Tarissa; Ortega, Luis; Painter, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Immigrant Refugee & Migrant Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mitchell, Tarissa] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jentes, Emily; Jefferies, Taran] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Travelers Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ortega, Luis] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Immigrant Refugee & Migrant Hlth Program, Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Sucosky, Marissa Scalia; Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Hlth Homes & Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jones, Warren] Int Org Migrat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bajcevic, Predrag; Parr, Valentina] Int Org Migrat, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Mitchell, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Immigrant Refugee & Migrant Hlth Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM TMitchell1@cdc.gov FU WHO FX Dr Jentes receives funding for travel with a WHO working group unrelated to the topic of this manuscript (Yellow Fever-related); the other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP E392 EP E413 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1218 PG 22 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100019 PM 22250021 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Camperlengo, LT Kim, SY Covington, T AF Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Camperlengo, Lena T. Kim, Shin Y. Covington, Theresa TI The Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Case Registry: A Method to Improve Surveillance SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE SIDS; SUID; child death review; surveillance; infant mortality; infant injury ID CLASSIFICATION; SUFFOCATION; TRENDS AB This article describes a multistate population-based surveillance system for monitoring sudden unexpected infant deaths (SUIDs) known as the SUID Case Registry pilot program. The pilot program represents collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Center for Child Death Review (NCCDR), which is funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration. The SUID Case Registry builds on existing child death review system activities and protocols. The objectives of the SUID Case Registry are to collect accurate and consistent population-based data about the circumstances and events associated with SUID cases, to improve the completeness and quality of SUID case investigations, and to use a decision-making algorithm with standardized definitions to categorize SUID cases. States who participate in the pilot program commit to review all SUID cases in their state by using their multidisciplinary state and local child death review teams. These teams request and review data from death scene investigators, medical examiners and coroners, law enforcement, social services, pediatric and obstetric providers, and public health per usual, but as part of the pilot program, supplement their SUID case reviews by discussing additional medical, environmental, and behavioral factors, and entering this data using the NCCDR Web-based Case Reporting System. This new surveillance system aims to improve knowledge of factors surrounding SUID events and improve investigation practices. The surveillance system will allow researchers and program planners to create prevention strategies and interventions, ultimately reducing SUIDs and injury-related infant deaths. Pediatrics 2012;129:e486-e493 C1 [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Kim, Shin Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Camperlengo, Lena T.; Covington, Theresa] Michigan Publ Hlth Inst, Natl Ctr Child Death Review, Okemos, MI USA. RP Shapiro-Mendoza, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-23,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ayn9@cdc.gov FU EGS [09FED907750] FX Ms Covington's agency, the Michigan Public Health Institute, received funds from EGS that originated at the CDC in the amount of $233,076.48 for the period April 1, 2009 to May 31, 2011, to develop and support components of the SUID Case Registry described in the article (reference no. 09FED907750). Dr Shapiro-Mendoza, Ms Camperlengo, and Ms Kim have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP E486 EP E493 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0854 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 893YZ UT WOS:000300395100028 PM 22232303 ER PT J AU Craig, AG Grau, GE Janse, C Kazura, JW Milner, D Barnwell, JW Turner, G Langhorne, J AF Craig, Alister G. Grau, Georges E. Janse, Chris Kazura, James W. Milner, Dan Barnwell, John W. Turner, Gareth Langhorne, Jean CA Hinxton Retreat Meeting Anim Model TI The Role of Animal Models for Research on Severe Malaria SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HUMAN CEREBRAL MALARIA; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; COATNEYI-INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CHONDROITIN-SULFATE-A; PRIMATE MODEL; MICROCIRCULATORY DYSFUNCTION; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; ROSETTE FORMATION; NONHUMAN PRIMATE C1 [Craig, Alister G.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Grau, Georges E.] Univ Sydney, Dept Pathol, Vasc Immunol Unit, Bosch Inst,Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Grau, Georges E.] La Jolla Infect Dis Inst, San Diego, CA USA. [Janse, Chris] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Leiden Malaria Res Grp, Leiden, Netherlands. [Kazura, James W.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Milner, Dan] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Blantyre Malaria Project, Blantyre, Malawi. [Milner, Dan] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turner, Gareth] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Turner, Gareth] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit MORU, Bangkok, Thailand. [Langhorne, Jean] MRC Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, London, England. RP Craig, AG (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM agcraig@liv.ac.uk; jlangho@nimr.mrc.ac.uk RI Riley, Eleanor/C-8960-2013; Grau, Georges/D-7690-2014; OI Riley, Eleanor/0000-0003-3447-3570; Grau, Georges/0000-0002-0442-0462; Craig, Alister/0000-0003-0914-6164 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117584248]; Wellcome Trust [089275, 095507] NR 88 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 4 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 AR e1002401 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002401 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 898GQ UT WOS:000300728100001 PM 22319438 ER PT J AU Corneli, AL Sorenson, JR Bentley, ME Henderson, GE Bowling, JM Nkhoma, J Moses, A Zulu, C Chilima, J Ahmed, Y Heilig, CM Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, C AF Corneli, Amy L. Sorenson, James R. Bentley, Margaret E. Henderson, Gail E. Bowling, J. Michael Nkhoma, Jacqueline Moses, Agnes Zulu, Cynthia Chilima, James Ahmed, Yusuf Heilig, Charles M. Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles CA Breastfeeding Antiretroviral Nutr TI Improving Participant Understanding of Informed Consent in an HIV-Prevention Clinical Trial: A Comparison of Methods SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Informed consent; Evaluation; Comprehension; Africa ID THERAPEUTIC MISCONCEPTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; VACCINE TRIAL; COMPREHENSION; INTERVENTION; INFORMATION; QUALITY; AFRICA; LEVEL; FORMS AB Empirical research on informed consent has shown that study participants often do not fully understand consent information. This study assessed participant understanding of three mock consent approaches describing an HIV-prevention clinical trial in Lilongwe, Malawi prior to trial implementation. Pregnant women (n = 297) were systematically selected from antenatal-care waiting lines and sequentially allocated to receive an enhanced standard consent form (group 1), a context-specific consent form (group 2), or context-specific counseling cards (group 3). Understanding of research concepts and study procedures was assessed immediately postintervention and at 1-week follow-up. At postintervention, participants in groups 2 and 3 understood more about research concepts and study procedures compared with group 1. Group 3 participants also understood more about study procedures compared with group 2. At follow-up, participants in groups 2 and 3 continued to understand more about research concepts and study procedures. Context-specific approaches improved understanding of consent information in this study. C1 [Corneli, Amy L.] FHI, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Corneli, Amy L.; Sorenson, James R.; Bowling, J. Michael] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Henderson, Gail E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Social Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Nkhoma, Jacqueline; Moses, Agnes; Zulu, Cynthia] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Ahmed, Yusuf; Heilig, Charles M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Corneli, AL (reprint author), FHI, 2224 E NC Hwy 54, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM acorneli@fhi.org RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310 FU FIC NIH HHS [2-D43 TW01039-06]; NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000059, U48-DP000059-01]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410, P30-AI50410]; NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD050924] NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 412 EP 421 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9977-z PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 892HW UT WOS:000300278300020 PM 21656146 ER PT J AU Wise, ME Marquez, P Sharapov, U Hathaway, S Katz, K Tolan, S Beaton, A Drobeniuc, J Khudyakov, Y Hu, DJ Perz, J Thompson, ND Bancroft, E AF Wise, Matthew E. Marquez, Patricia Sharapov, Umid Hathaway, Susan Katz, Kenneth Tolan, Scott Beaton, Alina Drobeniuc, Jan Khudyakov, Yury Hu, Dale J. Perz, Joseph Thompson, Nicola D. Bancroft, Elizabeth TI Outbreak of acute hepatitis B virus infections associated with podiatric care at a psychiatric long-term care facility SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Viral hepatitis; Nursing homes; Disease outbreaks; Podiatry ID SEVERE MENTAL-ILLNESS; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; TRANSMISSION; ANTIGEN; PREVALENCE; INSTITUTION; VACCINATION; SETTINGS; MARKERS AB Background: Effective measures exist to prevent health care-associated hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission, yet outbreaks continue to occur. In 2008, the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health identified an outbreak of HBV infections among psychiatric long-term care facility residents. Methods: Residents underwent HBV serologic testing and were classified as acutely infected, chronically infected, susceptible, or immune. Persons residing in the facility during 2008 were enrolled in a retrospective cohort study to identify risk factors for acute HBV infection. We assessed infection control practices at the facility. Results: Nine of 81 residents (11%) enrolled in the cohort study had acute HBV infection. Five of 15 residents (33%) undergoing podiatric care on a single day subsequently developed acute infection (rate ratio, 4.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-15.92). Infection control observations of the consulting podiatrist revealed opportunities for cross-contamination of instruments with blood. Other potential health care and behavioral modes of transmission were identified as well. Residents were offered HBV vaccination, and infection control recommendations were implemented by the podiatrist and facility. Conclusions: Of the multiple potential transmission modes identified, exposure to HBV during podiatry was likely the dominant mode in this outbreak. Long-term care facilities should ensure compliance with infection control standards among staff and consulting health care providers. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Wise, Matthew E.; Perz, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wise, Matthew E.; Katz, Kenneth; Tolan, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marquez, Patricia; Hathaway, Susan; Bancroft, Elizabeth] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sharapov, Umid; Drobeniuc, Jan; Khudyakov, Yury; Hu, Dale J.; Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beaton, Alina] Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Wise, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxx4@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD FEB PY 2012 VL 40 IS 1 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.04.331 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 891CW UT WOS:000300195000005 PM 21835502 ER PT J AU Halkitis, PN Kupprat, SA McCree, DH Simmons, S Jabouin, R Hampton, MC Gillen, S AF Halkitis, Perry N. Kupprat, Sandra A. McCree, Donna Hubbard Simmons, Sara Jabouin, Raynal Hampton, Melvin C. Gillen, Sara TI Evaluation of the Relative Effectiveness of Three HIV Testing Strategies Targeting African-American Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in New York City: Response to Letter from Renaud et al. SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Halkitis, Perry N.; Kupprat, Sandra A.; Simmons, Sara; Hampton, Melvin C.] NYU, Ctr Hlth Ident Behav & Prevent Studies, Steinhardt Sch Culture Educ & Human Dev, New York, NY USA. [McCree, Donna Hubbard] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jabouin, Raynal; Gillen, Sara] Harlem United, New York, NY USA. RP Halkitis, PN (reprint author), NYU, Ctr Hlth Ident Behav & Prevent Studies, Steinhardt Sch Culture Educ & Human Dev, New York, NY USA. EM pnh1@nyu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 144 EP 144 DI 10.1007/s12160-011-9316-7 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 892IQ UT WOS:000300280300016 ER PT J AU Peele, YL D'Angelo, LJ Chandwani, S Abramowitz, S Koenig, L AF Peele, Yolanda L. D'Angelo, Lawrence J. Chandwani, Sulachni Abramowitz, Susan Koenig, Linda TI DETERMINANTS OF HIV SEROSTATUS SELF-DISCLOSURE AMONG ADOLESCENTS PARTICIPATING IN THE ADOLESCENT IMPACT STUDY SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Peele, Yolanda L.; D'Angelo, Lawrence J.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Chandwani, Sulachni; Abramowitz, Susan] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Koenig, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Druid Hills, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 SU S BP S91 EP S92 PG 2 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 891UV UT WOS:000300243000194 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M Rosser, JI Cooper, CP AF Saraiya, Mona Rosser, Joelle I. Cooper, Crystale Purvis TI Cancers That U.S. Physicians Believe the HPV Vaccine Prevents: Findings from a Physician Survey, 2009 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CERVICAL-CANCER; CARE PROVIDERS; WOMEN; US; INFECTION; EFFICACY; BURDEN; QUOTA AB Background: There is strong scientific evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, which protect against two oncogenic HPV types (16 and 18), can prevent cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers in women. In addition, recent research has established that the HPV vaccine can prevent anal cancer and has implied that it may also prevent oropharyngeal cancers. Methods: A 2009 web-based survey of 1500 physicians from four specialties (pediatricians, family practitioners, internists, and obstetrician-gynecologists) explored knowledge about which female cancers the HPV vaccine was effective in preventing. Physician characteristics associated with the belief that the HPV vaccine prevents cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal, and other cancers were examined using logistic regression models. Results: Nearly all respondents (97.8%) identified cervical cancer as being prevented by the HPV vaccine; however, lower awareness that the vaccine prevents vaginal (23.8%), vulvar (27.8%), and anal cancer (28.4%) was found. Physician specialty was the most significant covariate identified, with obstetrician-gynecologists being more likely than other physicians to report that the HPV vaccine protected against vaginal (p < 0.001), vulvar (p < 0.001), and anal (p < 0.001) cancers. Conclusions: Physicians may benefit from educational efforts clarifying which noncervical cancers can be prevented by the HPV vaccine. Education is needed across all medical specialties, but it is particularly important for pediatricians and family practitioners, the physicians most likely to administer the HPV vaccine to young adolescents. C1 [Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rosser, Joelle I.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the Department of Health and Human Services or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3313 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 891TV UT WOS:000300240400001 PM 22216920 ER PT J AU Shieh, WJ Drew, C Lockhart, S Taylor, CA Liu, L Blau, D Paddock, C Gade, L Fanfair, RN Turabelidze, G Park, BJ Brandt, ME Zaki, SR AF Shieh, W-J Drew, C. Lockhart, S. Taylor, C. A. Liu, L. Blau, D. Paddock, C. Gade, L. Fanfair, R. N. Turabelidze, G. Park, B. J. Brandt, M. E. Zaki, S. R. TI Pathologic Studies of Cases with Fungal Soft Tissue Infections after a Tornado - Joplin, Missouri, 2011 SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 101st Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 17-23, 2012 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 SU 2 MA 1625 BP 388A EP 388A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 888EP UT WOS:000299986902137 ER PT J AU Martin, MY Evans, MB Kratt, P Pollack, LA Smith, JL Oster, R Dignan, M Prayor-Patterson, H Andrews, S Hullett, S Pisu, M AF Martin, M. Y. Evans, M. B. Kratt, P. Pollack, L. A. Smith, J. L. Oster, R. Dignan, M. Prayor-Patterson, H. Andrews, S. Hullett, S. Pisu, M. TI Meeting the Information Needs of Lower Income Cancer Survivors: Results of a Randomized Control Trial Evaluating the American Cancer Society's I Can Cope Program SO PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, M. Y.; Evans, M. B.; Kratt, P.; Oster, R.; Andrews, S.; Pisu, M.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Pollack, L. A.; Smith, J. L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dignan, M.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Prayor-Patterson, H.] Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hullett, S.] Cooper Green Hosp, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1057-9249 J9 PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY JI Psycho-Oncol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 SU 1 SI SI BP 69 EP 70 PG 2 WC Oncology; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Oncology; Psychology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 885LP UT WOS:000299780800122 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Spillers, R Evans, T Chiew, K Solt, K Mathis, E Stich, M AF Kim, Y. Spillers, R. Evans, T. Chiew, K. Solt, K. Mathis, E. Stich, M. TI Home Away From Home: Trajectory of Depression and Staying at the Hope Lodge SO PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Y.] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Spillers, R.; Chiew, K.; Solt, K.; Mathis, E.; Stich, M.] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Evans, T.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1057-9249 J9 PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY JI Psycho-Oncol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 SU 1 SI SI BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Oncology; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Oncology; Psychology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 885LP UT WOS:000299780800193 ER PT J AU Pisu, M Holt, C Brown-Galvan, A Fairley, T White, A Smith, JL Hall, I Oster, R Martin, M AF Pisu, M. Holt, C. Brown-Galvan, A. Fairley, T. White, A. Smith, J. L. Hall, I Oster, R. Martin, M. TI Surveillance Instructions and Knowledge Among African American Colorectal Cancer Survivors SO PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pisu, M.; Brown-Galvan, A.; Oster, R.; Martin, M.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Holt, C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fairley, T.; White, A.; Smith, J. L.; Hall, I] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1057-9249 J9 PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY JI Psycho-Oncol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 21 SU 1 SI SI BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Oncology; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Oncology; Psychology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 885LP UT WOS:000299780800213 ER PT J AU Uejio, CK Kemp, A Comrie, AC AF Uejio, Christopher K. Kemp, Alan Comrie, Andrew C. TI Climatic Controls on West Nile Virus and Sindbis Virus Transmission and Outbreaks in South Africa SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Climate; Culex; Sindbis; Time series analysis; West Nile ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; CULEX-UNIVITTATUS DIPTERA; INFECTION; CULICIDAE; TEMPERATURE; MOSQUITOS; RAINFALL; THEOBALD; VECTOR; PRECIPITATION AB The processes influencing the magnitude of West Nile virus (WNV) transmission from 1 year to the next require thorough investigation. The intensity of WNV transmission is related to the dynamics and interactions between the pathogen, vector, vertebrate hosts, and environment. Climatic variability is one process that can influence interannual disease transmission. South Africa has a long WNV and Sindbis virus (SINV) record where consistent climate and disease relationships can be identified. We relate climate conditions to historic mosquito infection rates. Next, we detect similar associations with reported human outbreaks dating back to 1941. Both concurrent summer precipitation and the change in summer precipitation from the previous to the current summer were strongly associated with WNV and SINV transmission and recorded human outbreaks. Each 100 mm interannual summer precipitation change increased WNV infection rates by 0.39 WNV-positive Culex univittatus/1000 tested Cx. univittatus. An improved understanding of biotic and abiotic disease transmission dynamics may help anticipate and mitigate future outbreaks. C1 [Uejio, Christopher K.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Uejio, Christopher K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kemp, Alan] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Special Pathogens Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Comrie, Andrew C.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Uejio, CK (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, FL2 3106-D,3090 Ctr Green Dr, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM uejio@ucar.edu FU University of Arizona; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FX This work was supported by the Climate Assessment for the Southwest project at the University of Arizona, a Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment initiative funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The authors thank Robert Swanepoel, Stephen Yool, Willem van Leeuwen, and the Applied Climate for Environment and Society laboratory members at the University of Arizona for comments on earlier versions of the article. The authors also thank anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the article. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0655 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 892DU UT WOS:000300267700005 PM 21995260 ER PT J AU Recuenco, S Blanton, JD Rupprecht, CE AF Recuenco, Sergio Blanton, Jesse D. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI A Spatial Model to Forecast Raccoon Rabies Emergence SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Poisson regression; Rabies; Raccoon; Spatial epidemiology; Zoonosis ID UNITED-STATES; EPIZOOTIC RABIES; DYNAMICS; VACCINATION; CHALLENGES; LANDSCAPES; VIRUS AB Although raccoons are widely distributed throughout North America, the raccoon rabies virus variant is enzootic only in the eastern United States, based on current surveillance data. This variant of rabies virus is now responsible for >60% of all cases of animal rabies reported in the United States each year. Ongoing national efforts via an oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program are aimed at preventing the spread of raccoon rabies. However, from an epidemiologic perspective, the relative susceptibility of naive geographic localities, adjacent to defined enzootic areas, to support an outbreak, is unknown. In the current study, we tested the ability of a spatial risk model to forecast raccoon rabies spread in presumably rabies-free and enzootic areas. Demographic, environmental, and geographical features of three adjacent states (Ohio, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania), which include distinct raccoon rabies free, as well as enzootic areas, were modeled by using a Poisson Regression Model, which had been developed from previous studies of enzootic raccoon rabies in New York State. We estimated susceptibility to raccoon rabies emergence at the census tract level and compared the results with historical surveillance data. Approximately 70% of the disease-free region had moderate to very high susceptibility, compared with 23% in the enzootic region. Areas of high susceptibility for raccoon rabies lie west of current ORV intervention areas, especially in southern Ohio and western West Virginia. Predicted high susceptibility areas matched historical surveillance data. We discuss model implications to the spatial dynamics and spread of raccoon rabies, and its application for designing more efficient disease control interventions. C1 [Recuenco, Sergio; Blanton, Jesse D.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Recuenco, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fni9@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 126 EP 137 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0053 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 892DU UT WOS:000300267700006 PM 21995266 ER PT J AU Wu, FT Banyai, K Lin, JS Wu, HS Hsiung, CA Huang, YC Hwang, KP Jiang, BM Gentsch, JR AF Wu, Fang-Tzy Banyai, Krisztian Lin, Jen-Shiou Wu, Ho-Sheng Hsiung, Chao Agnes Huang, Yhu-Chering Hwang, Kao-Pin Jiang, Baoming Gentsch, Jon R. TI Putative Canine Origin of Rotavirus Strain Detected in a Child with Diarrhea, Taiwan SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Gastroenteritis; Rotavirus A; Zoonosis ID GENETIC-LINKAGE; VP6; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; LINEAGES; SEGMENTS; PORCINE; NSP4 AB Rotavirus G3P[3] strains have been reported from a variety of species including humans, cats, dogs, monkeys, goats, and cows. Here, we report the characterization of the first human G3P[3] rotavirus from East Asia identified in a 2-year-old child who was treated in a hospital's emergency ward in Taiwan in February 2005. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close genetic relationship between the VP4, VP6, VP7, and NSP4 genes of Taiwanese G3P[3] strain 04-94s51 and an Italian canine strain isolated a decade ago, suggesting a canine origin for the Taiwanese strain. In contrast, the Taiwanese strain was only moderately related to wellcharacterized canine-origin human G3P[3] strains Ro1845 and HCR3, suggesting a distinct origin for the rotavirus strain from Taiwan. C1 [Wu, Fang-Tzy; Wu, Ho-Sheng] Ctr Dis Control, Res & Diagnost Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Wu, Fang-Tzy] Ctr Dis Control, Epidemiol Intelligence Ctr, Dept Hlth, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Lin, Jen-Shiou] Changhua Christian Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Changhua, Taiwan. [Wu, Ho-Sheng] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hsiung, Chao Agnes] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Huang, Yhu-Chering] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Kaohsiung Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Dept Pediat,Chang Gung Mem, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] China Med Univ & Hosp, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Taichung, Taiwan. [Jiang, Baoming; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wu, FT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Res & Diagnost Ctr, 161 Kunyang St, Taipei 115, Taiwan. EM fang@cdc.gov.tw RI Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU National Research Program for Genome Medicine [94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01]; Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan [DOH98-DC-1005]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences [PD76364] FX This study was financially supported in part by research grant of National Research Program for Genome Medicine (supported grant: 94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01) and DOH98-DC-1005 from Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan. Krisztian Banyai was supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Janos Bolyai scholarship; 'Lendulet initiative; OTKA, PD76364). NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 170 EP 173 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0708 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 892DU UT WOS:000300267700013 PM 22022813 ER PT J AU Koumans, EHA Rosen, J van Dyke, MK Zell, E Phares, CR Taylor, A Loft, J Schrag, S AF Koumans, Emilia H. A. Rosen, Jennifer van Dyke, Melissa K. Zell, Elizabeth Phares, Christina R. Taylor, Allan Loft, John Schrag, Stephanie CA ABC & DHAP RTI Teams TI Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of infections during pregnancy: implementation of recommended interventions, United States, 2003-2004 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chlamydia; gonorrhea; group B streptococcus; guidelines; hepatitis B; pregnancy; rubella; screening; syphilis; treatment ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEPATITIS AB OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to describe prenatal screening, positive test rates, and the administration of indicated interventions for hepatitis B, rubella, syphilis, group B streptococcus (GBS), chlamydia, and gonorrhea in the United States using 2 population-based surveys. STUDY DESIGN: Both surveys abstracted demographic, prenatal, and delivery data from a representative sample of delivering women in 10 states. Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design. RESULTS: Among the 7691 and 19,791 women in the 2 studies, screened proportions before delivery were more than 90% for hepatitis B and rubella, 80% for syphilis, 72-85% for GBS, and less than 80% for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Inadequate prenatal care was the strongest factor associated with no screening. Administration of interventions indicated by positive test results was variable but generally low. CONCLUSION: Improved prenatal screening and administration of indicated treatments or interventions, particularly for syphilis, GBS, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, will further protect newborns from infection. C1 [Koumans, Emilia H. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rosen, Jennifer; van Dyke, Melissa K.; Zell, Elizabeth; Phares, Christina R.; Schrag, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taylor, Allan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Loft, John] RTI Int, Chicago, IL USA. RP Koumans, EHA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekoumans@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program; Antimicrobial Resistance Program Office; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention/Research Triangle Institute through FX The Birthnet study was funded through the Emerging Infections Program and the Antimicrobial Resistance Program Office, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The DHAP/RTI study was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention/Research Triangle Institute through a contract to Research Triangle Institute. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 206 IS 2 AR 158.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.08.027 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 886FA UT WOS:000299836800028 PM 22030318 ER PT J AU Whiteman, MK Cox, S Tepper, NK Curtis, KM Jamieson, DJ Penman-Aguilar, A Marchbanks, PA AF Whiteman, Maura K. Cox, Shanna Tepper, Naomi K. Curtis, Kathryn M. Jamieson, Denise J. Penman-Aguilar, Ana Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Postpartum intrauterine device insertion and postpartum tubal sterilization in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intrauterine device; postpartum period; tubal sterilization; United States ID FAILURE; REGRET AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate US rates of postpartum intrauterine device (IUD) insertion and postpartum tubal sterilization. STUDY DESIGN: Data from the 2001-2008 Nationwide Inpatient Sample were used to identify delivery hospitalizations with IUD insertion or tubal sterilization procedure codes. RESULTS: Estimated rates of postpartum IUD insertion and postpartum tubal sterilization were 0.27 and 770.67 per 10,000 deliveries, respectively. Although the rate of IUD insertion was similar across age groups, the rate of tubal sterilization increased with age. Nonetheless, 15% of tubal sterilizations occurred among women who were <= 24 years old. IUD insertion was more likely among women who delivered at teaching hospitals (odds ratio, 3.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.43-6.37); tubal sterilization was more likely among women without private insurance (odds ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.97-2.11). CONCLUSION: Among US postpartum women, IUD insertion occurs considerably less frequently than tubal sterilization, even among younger women for whom poststerilization regret is a concern. C1 [Whiteman, Maura K.; Cox, Shanna; Tepper, Naomi K.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Whiteman, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 206 IS 2 AR 127.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.08.004 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 886FA UT WOS:000299836800015 PM 21963310 ER PT J AU Arrigo, NC Briese, T Calisher, CH Drebot, MA Fljelle, B LeDuc, JW Powers, AM Repik, PM Roehrig, JT Schmaljohn, CS Tesh, RB Weaver, SC AF Arrigo, Nicole C. Briese, Thomas Calisher, Charles H. Drebot, Michael A. Fljelle, Brian LeDuc, James W. Powers, Ann M. Repik, Patricia M. Roehrig, John T. Schmaljohn, Connie S. Tesh, Robert B. Weaver, Scott C. TI Recommendations for Publication of Viral Genetic Data and Sample Access for Novel Viruses and Strains SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DNA POLYMERASE; VIRIONS C1 [LeDuc, James W.; Tesh, Robert B.; Weaver, Scott C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Arrigo, Nicole C.; Briese, Thomas] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Calisher, Charles H.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Drebot, Michael A.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Fljelle, Brian] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Infect Dis & Inflammat Program, Dept Pathol Biol & Mol Genet, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Fljelle, Brian] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Infect Dis & Inflammat Program, Dept Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Powers, Ann M.; Roehrig, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Repik, Patricia M.] NIAID, Virol Branch, Div Microbiol & Infect Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schmaljohn, Connie S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Frederick, MD USA. RP Weaver, SC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM ncarrigo@gmail.com; thomas.briese@columbia.edu; calisher@cybersafe.net; Mike_Drebot@hc-sc.gc.ca; bhjelle@salud.unm.edu; jwleduc@UTMB.EDU; AKP7@cdc.gov; prepik@niaid.nih.gov; trl@CDC.GOV; connie.schmaljohn@us.army.mil; rtesh@utmb.edu; sweaver@utmb.edu RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011; OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 189 EP 191 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0523 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700002 PM 22302845 ER PT J AU Chinkhumba, J Nyanda, M Skarbinski, J Mathanga, DP AF Chinkhumba, Jobiba Nyanda, Monica Skarbinski, Jacek Mathanga, Don P. TI Short Report: Performance of Two Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Febrile Adult Patients with and without Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection in Blantyre, Malawi SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UGANDAN ADULTS; HIV; COHORT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; TRANSMISSION; IMPACT; FEVER; CARE AB The performance of two histidine-rich protein type-2-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) was examined in a rural area with a high prevalence of malaria and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection in 113 and 445 febrile patients >= 15 years of age with and without HIV-1 infection, respectively. Patients were tested for HIV-1 infection by using a standard assay and for Plasmodium falciparum by using two mRDTs and microscopy. When microscopy was used as the gold standard, both mRDTs performed similarly in patients with and without HIV-1 infection: Bioline SD Malaria Antigen P.f, sensitivity 94.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.3-99.3%) versus 97.1% (95% CI: 92.8-99.2%) and specificity 50.6% (95% CI: 39.0-62.2%) versus 47.2% (95% CI: 41.4-53.1%); and ICY diagnostics Malaria Pf, sensitivity 94.4% (95% CI: 81.3-99.3%) versus 97.1% (95% CI: 92.8-99.2%) and specificity 50.6% (95% CI: 39.0-62.2%) versus 50.3% (95% CI: 44.4-56.1%). Infection with HIV-1 does not appear to affect the performance of these histidine-rich protein type-2 (HRP-2)-based mRDTs. C1 [Chinkhumba, Jobiba] Univ Malawi, Malaria Alert Ctr, Coll Med, Blantyre 3, Malawi. [Nyanda, Monica] Lirangwe Hlth Ctr, Blantyre Dist Hlth Off, Blantyre, Malawi. [Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mathanga, Don P.] Univ Malawi, Dept Community Hlth, Coll Med, Blantyre 3, Malawi. RP Chinkhumba, J (reprint author), Univ Malawi, Malaria Alert Ctr, Coll Med, Private Bag 360, Blantyre 3, Malawi. EM jchinkhumba@mac.medcol.mw; nyandamonica@yahoo.com; jskarbinski@cdc.gov; dmathang@mac.medcol.mw FU International Society for Infectious Diseases FX This study was supported by a grant from the International Society for Infectious Diseases to Jobiba Chinkhumba. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 199 EP 202 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0350 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700005 PM 22302848 ER PT J AU Stauffer, WM Painter, J Mamo, B Kaiser, R Weinberg, M Berman, S AF Stauffer, William M. Painter, John Mamo, Blain Kaiser, Robyn Weinberg, Michelle Berman, Stuart TI Short Report: Sexually Transmitted Infections in Newly Arrived Refugees: Is Routine Screening for Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Indicated? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB More than 340 million cases of bacterial and protozoal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur annually. Approximately 70,000 refugees arrive in the United States on a yearly basis. Refugees are a particularly disenfranchised and vulnerable population. The prevalence of Chlamydia and gonorrhea in refugee populations has not been described, and the utility of routine screening is unknown. We performed a descriptive evaluation of 25,779 refugees who completed a screening medical examination in Minnesota during 2003-2010. A total of 18,516 (72%) refugees were tested for at least one STI: 1183 (1.1%) of 17,235 were seropositive for syphilis, 15 (0.6%) of 2,512 were positive for Chlamydia, 5 (0.2%) of 2,403 were positive for gonorrhea, 136 (2.0%) of 6,765 were positive for human immunodeficiency virus, and 6 (0.1%) of 5,873 were positive for multiple STIs. Overall prevalence of Chlamydia (0.6%) and gonorrhea (0.2%) infection was low, which indicated that routine screening may not be indicated. However, further research on this subject is encouraged. C1 [Stauffer, William M.; Kaiser, Robyn] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Painter, John; Weinberg, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mamo, Blain] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stauffer, WM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Infect Dis & Int Hlth, 420 Delaware St SE,Mayo D407,MMC 250, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM stauf005@umn.edu; bzp3@cdc.gov; blain.mamo@state.mn.us; kaise122@umm.edu; mwemberg@cdc.gov; mbl@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 292 EP 295 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0527 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700022 PM 22302865 ER PT J AU Diuk-Wasser, MA Hoen, AG Cislo, P Brinkerhoff, R Hamer, SA Rowland, M Cortinas, R Vourc'h, G Melton, F Hickling, GJ Tsao, JI Bunikis, J Barbour, AG Kitron, U Piesman, J Fish, D AF Diuk-Wasser, Maria A. Hoen, Anne Gatewood Cislo, Paul Brinkerhoff, Robert Hamer, Sarah A. Rowland, Michelle Cortinas, Roberto Vourc'h, Gwenael Melton, Forrest Hickling, Graham J. Tsao, Jean I. Bunikis, Jonas Barbour, Alan G. Kitron, Uriel Piesman, Joseph Fish, Durland TI Human Risk of Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme Disease Agent, in Eastern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; BLACKLEGGED TICK ACARI; CLIMATE-BASED MODEL; ALTITUDINAL GRADIENT; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT SUITABILITY; BORNE DISEASES; ENDEMIC AREA; SENSU-LATO; IXODIDAE AB The geographic pattern of human risk for infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the tick-borne pathogen that causes Lyme disease, was mapped for the eastern United States. The map is based on standardized field sampling in 304 sites of the density of Ixodes scapularis host-seeking nymphs infected with B. burgdorferi, which is closely associated with human infection risk. Risk factors for the presence and density of infected nymphs were used to model a continuous 8 km x 8 km resolution predictive surface of human risk, including confidence intervals for each pixel. Discontinuous Lyme disease risk foci were identified in the Northeast and upper Midwest, with a transitional zone including sites with uninfected I. scapularis populations. Given frequent under- and over-diagnoses of Lyme disease, this map could act as a tool to guide surveillance, control, and prevention efforts and act as a baseline for studies tracking the spread of infection. C1 [Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.; Cislo, Paul] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Microbial Dis, New Haven, CT USA. [Hoen, Anne Gatewood] Dartmouth Med Sch, Lebanon, NH USA. [Brinkerhoff, Robert] Univ Richmond, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Hamer, Sarah A.; Tsao, Jean I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rowland, Michelle] UPMC, Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Cortinas, Roberto] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vourc'h, Gwenael] INRA, St Genes Champanelle, France. [Melton, Forrest] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA USA. [Hickling, Graham J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN USA. [Bunikis, Jonas] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Barbour, Alan G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Kitron, Uriel] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Diuk-Wasser, MA (reprint author), 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM maria.diuk@yale.edu; Anne.G.Hoen@dartmouth.edu; prcislo@juno.com; jbrinker@richmond.edu; hamer@msu.edu; rowlandmr@upmc.edu; rcortinas@unlnotes.unl.edu; gvourch@clermont.inra.fr; Forrest.S.Melton@nasa.gov; ghicklin@utk.edu; tsao@msu.edu; Jonas.BUNIKIS@ec.europa.e; abarbour@uci.edu; ukitron@emory.edu; jfp2@CDC.GOV RI Brinkerhoff, Jory/I-9364-2012; OI Barbour, Alan/0000-0002-0719-5248 FU CDC-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases [CI00171-01] FX This project was funded by CDC-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Cooperative Agreement No. CI00171-01. NR 56 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 7 U2 71 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 320 EP 327 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0395 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700026 PM 22302869 ER PT J AU Bhatnagar, J Blau, DM Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Drew, C Liu, L Jones, T Patel, M Zaki, SR AF Bhatnagar, Julu Blau, Dianna M. Shieh, Wun-Ju Paddock, Christopher D. Drew, Clifton Liu, Lindy Jones, Tara Patel, Mitesh Zaki, Sherif R. TI Molecular Detection and Typing of Dengue Viruses from Archived Tissues of Fatal Cases by RT-PCR and Sequencing: Diagnostic and Epidemiologic Implications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; REAL-TIME; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SEROTYPE; INFECTION; LIVER; DISEASE; ADULTS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AB Diagnosis of dengue virus (DENV) infection in fatal cases is challenging because of the frequent unavailability of blood or fresh tissues. For formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues immunohistochemistry (IHC) can be used however, it may not be as sensitive and serotyping is not possible. The application of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the detection of DENV in FFPE tissues has been very limited. We evaluated FFPE autopsy tissues of 122 patients with suspected DENV infection by flavivirus and DENV RT-PCR, sequencing, and DENV IHC. The DENV was detected in 61(50%) cases by RT-PCR or IHC. The RT-PCR and sequencing detected DENV in 60 (49%) cases (DENV-1 in 16. DENV-2 in 27, DENV-3 in 8, and DENV-4 in 6 cases). No serotype could be identified in three cases. The IHC detected DENV antigens in 50 (40%) cases. The RT-PCR using FFPE tissue improves detection of DENV in fatal cases and provides sequence information useful for typing and epidemiologic studies. C1 [Bhatnagar, Julu; Blau, Dianna M.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Paddock, Christopher D.; Drew, Clifton; Liu, Lindy; Jones, Tara; Patel, Mitesh; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bhatnagar, Julu; Blau, Dianna M.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Paddock, Christopher D.; Drew, Clifton; Liu, Lindy; Jones, Tara; Patel, Mitesh; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bhatnagar, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Bldg 18-SB-105,MS-G32,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JBhatnagar@cdc.gov; DBlau@cdc.gov; WShieh@cdc.gov; CPaddock@cdc.gov; CDrew1@cdc.gov; LLiu1@cdc.gov; TJones5@cdc.gov; MPatel1@cdc.gov; SZaki@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 335 EP 340 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0346 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700028 PM 22302871 ER PT J AU Johansson, MA Arana-Vizcarrondo, N Biggerstaff, BJ Gallagher, N Marano, N Staples, JE AF Johansson, Michael A. Arana-Vizcarrondo, Neysari Biggerstaff, Brad J. Gallagher, Nancy Marano, Nina Staples, J. Erin TI Assessing the Risk of International Spread of Yellow Fever Virus: A Mathematical Analysis of an Urban Outbreak in Asuncion, 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; SAO-PAULO STATE; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; VECTOR COMPETENCE; UNITED-STATES; REPRODUCTION NUMBER; DENGUE-FEVER; BRAZIL; TRANSMISSION; ALBOPICTUS AB Yellow fever virus (YFV), a mosquito-borne virus endemic to tropical Africa and South America, is capable of causing large urban outbreaks of human disease. With the ease of international travel, urban outbreaks could lead to the rapid spread and subsequent transmission of YFV in distant locations. We designed a stochastic metapopulation model with spatiotemporally explicit transmissibility scenarios to simulate the global spread of YFV from a single urban outbreak by infected airline travelers. In simulations of a 2008 outbreak in Asuncion, Paraguay, local outbreaks occurred in 12.8% of simulations and international spread in 2.0%. Using simple probabilistic models, we found that local incidence, travel rates, and basic transmission parameters are sufficient to assess the probability of introduction and autochthonous transmission events. These models could be used to assess the risk of YFV spread during an urban outbreak and identify locations at risk for YFV introduction and subsequent autochthonous transmission. C1 [Johansson, Michael A.; Arana-Vizcarrondo, Neysari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Gallagher, Nancy; Marano, Nina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johansson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM mjohansson@cdc.gov; nnarana@gmail.com; bbiggerstaff@cdc.gov; ngallagher@cdc.gov; nmarano@cdc.gov; estaples@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Preparedness Modeling Initiative FX This work was partly supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Preparedness Modeling Initiative. NR 55 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 349 EP 358 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0432 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700030 PM 22302873 ER PT J AU Hightower, A Kinkade, C Nguku, PM Anyangu, A Mutonga, D Omolo, J Njenga, MK Feikin, DR Schnabel, D Ombok, M Breiman, RF AF Hightower, Allen Kinkade, Carl Nguku, Patrick M. Anyangu, Amwayi Mutonga, David Omolo, Jared Njenga, M. Kariuki Feikin, Daniel R. Schnabel, David Ombok, Maurice Breiman, Robert F. TI Relationship of Climate, Geography, and Geology to the Incidence of Rift Valley Fever in Kenya during the 2006-2007 Outbreak SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; RAINFALL; DIPTERA; AFRICA; VECTOR; EAST AB We estimated Rift Valley fever (RVF) incidence as a function of geological, geographical, and climatological factors during the 2006-2007 RVF epidemic in Kenya. Location information was obtained for 214 of 340 (63%) confirmed and probable RVF cases that occurred during an outbreak from November 1, 2006 to February 28, 2007. Locations with subtypes of solonetz, calcisols, solonchaks, and planosols soil types were highly associated with RVF occurrence during the outbreak period. Increased rainfall and higher greenness measures before the outbreak were associated with increased risk. RVF was more likely to occur on plains, in densely bushed areas, at lower elevations, and in the Somalia acacia ecological zone. Cases occurred in three spatial temporal clusters that differed by the date of associated rainfall, soil type, and land usage. C1 [Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kinkade, Carl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nguku, Patrick M.; Mutonga, David] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Dis Surveillance & Response, Nairobi, Kenya. [Anyangu, Amwayi] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Dept Dis Prevent & Control, FELTP, Nairobi, Kenya. [Omolo, Jared] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Field Epidemiol & Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Njenga, M. Kariuki] Kenya Med Res Inst Headquarters, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schnabel, David] US Army Med Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ombok, Maurice] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Hightower, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Mailstop A06,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM awh1953@gmail.com; mke5@cdc.gov; drnguku@yahoo.com; amwayi2004@yahoo.com; davidmutonga@yahoo.com; jaredom2000@yahoo.com; KNjenga@ke.cdc.gov; dfeikin@jhsph.edu; david.c.schnabel@us.army.mil; mombok@ke.cdc.gov; RBreiman@ke.cdc.gov FU Kenya Medical Research Institute; Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute; GIS Users Group of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Solomon Mpoke, Director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute, John Vulule, Director of the Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute and the GIS Users Group of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for their support of this work. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 2 BP 373 EP 380 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0450 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 886PQ UT WOS:000299866700032 PM 22302875 ER PT J AU Suthar, AB Granich, R Mermin, J Van Rie, A AF Suthar, Amitabh B. Granich, Reuben Mermin, Jonathan Van Rie, Annelies TI Effect of cotrimoxazole on mortality in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Review ID HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; 1ST YEAR; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; UGANDAN ADULTS; COTE-DIVOIRE; SCALE-UP; PROPHYLAXIS; OUTCOMES; COHORT AB Objective To determine whether cotrimoxazole reduces mortality in adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in low- and middle-income countries through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods PubMed and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials and prospective and retrospective cohort studies that compared mortality or morbidity in HIV-infected individuals aged >= 13 years on cotrimoxazole and ART and on ART alone. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess selection, confounding and measurement bias. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's and Begg's tests. Sensitivity analysis was performed because the I-squared statistic indicated substantial heterogeneity in study results, A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Findings Nine studies were included. Begg and Egger P-values for the seven that reported the effect of cotrimoxazole on mortality were 0.29 and 0.49, respectively, suggesting no publication bias. The I-squared statistic was 93.2%, indicating high heterogeneity in study results. The sensitivity analysis showed that neither the follow-up duration nor the percentage of individuals with World Health Organization stage 3 or 4 HIV disease at baseline explained the heterogeneity. The summary estimate of the effect of cotrimoxazole on the incidence rate of death was 0.42 (95% confidence interval: 0.29-0.61). Since most studies followed participants for less than 1 year, it was not possible to determine whether cotrimoxazole can be stopped safely after ART-induced immune reconstitution. Conclusion Cotrimoxazole significantly increased survival in HIV-infected adults on ART. Further research is needed to determine the optimum duration of cotrimoxazole treatment in these patients. C1 [Granich, Reuben] WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Suthar, Amitabh B.; Van Rie, Annelies] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Granich, R (reprint author), WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM granichr@who.int RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; Van Rie, Annelies/C-2082-2017 OI Van Rie, Annelies/0000-0001-7666-3263 NR 53 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 90 IS 2 BP 128 EP 138 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.093260 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 888CU UT WOS:000299982200021 ER PT J AU Johnson, CH Miao, CR Blanchard, EG Caidi, H Radu, GU Harcourt, JL Haynes, LM AF Johnson, Crystal H. Miao, Congrong Blanchard, Elisabeth G. Caidi, Hayat Radu, Gertrud U. Harcourt, Jennifer L. Haynes, Lia M. TI Effect of Chemokine Receptor CX3CR1 Deficiency in a Murine Model of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; G-GLYCOPROTEIN; G-PROTEIN; CHEMOTACTIC RECEPTOR; BALB/C MICE; INBRED MICE; FRACTALKINE; EXPRESSION; CX(3)CR1; IDENTIFICATION AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of serious lower respiratory illness in infants and young children worldwide, making it a high priority for development of strategies for prevention and treatment. RSV can cause repeat infections throughout life, with serious complications in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Previous studies indicate that the RSV G protein binds through a CX3C chemokine motif to the host chemokine receptor, CX3CR1, and modulates the inflammatory immune response. In the current study, we examined the contribution of CX3CR1 to the immune response to RSV infection in mice. CX3CR1-deficient mice showed an impaired innate immune response to RSV infection, characterized by substantially decreased NK1.1(+) natural killer, CD11b(+), and RB6-8C5(+) polymorphonuclear cell trafficking to the lung and reduced IFN gamma production compared with those in wildtype control mice. Leukocytes from CX3CR1-deficient mice were poorly chemotactic toward RSV G protein and CX3CL1. These results substantiate the importance of the RSV G CX3C CX3CR1 interaction in the innate immune response to RSV infection. C1 [Miao, Congrong; Blanchard, Elisabeth G.; Caidi, Hayat; Radu, Gertrud U.; Harcourt, Jennifer L.; Haynes, Lia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Johnson, Crystal H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Sci Resources, Lab Anim Med Residency Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haynes, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM LHaynes@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory Animal Medicine; Research Participation Program at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank Dr Ralph A Tripp (University of Georgia) for his comments and critique and Dr Tamas Nagy (University of Georgia) for his technical assistance with histopathologic evaluation. We also thank Dr Nathaniel Powell (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and Yvonne Reed (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for their assistance in this protocol. This research was supported by program funds provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory Animal Medicine Residency Program. Additional funds were made available to EGB through an appointment to the Research Participation Program at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 62 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 890FH UT WOS:000300130000003 PM 22330646 ER PT J AU Nelson, GE Gershman, KA Swerdlow, DL Beall, BW Moore, MR AF Nelson, George E. Gershman, Kenneth A. Swerdlow, David L. Beall, Bernard W. Moore, Matthew R. TI Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Denver, Colorado, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; DAY-CARE-CENTER; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA-A; CONJUGATE VACCINE; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; SEROTYPE; INFECTION AB Pneumococcal pneumonia was a complication during previous influenza pandemics but was not evident initially during pandemic (H1N1) 2009. During October 2009 in Denver, Colorado, USA, invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 peaked simultaneously, which suggests a link. We compared cases of IPD in October 2009 with cases in February 2009, the most recent peak month of seasonal influenza. During October 2009, we observed 58 IPD cases, which was 3x the average number of IPD cases that usually occur in October in Denver. Patients with IPD in October 2009 were younger and more likely to have chronic lung disease than patients who had IPD in February 2009; a total of 10/47 patients had influenza, and 33/53 patients had influenza-like illness. Thus, approximate to 17% to 62% of cases of IPD may have been associated with pandemic (H1N1) 2009. Pneumococcal disease prevention strategies should be emphasized during future influenza pandemics. C1 [Nelson, George E.; Swerdlow, David L.; Beall, Bernard W.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gershman, Kenneth A.] Colorado Dept Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. RP Nelson, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM igd8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Programs FX This study and ABCs were supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Programs. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.3201/eid1802.110714 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600002 PM 22306234 ER PT J AU Lo, MK Lowe, L Hummel, KB Sazzad, HMS Gurley, ES Hossain, MJ Luby, SP Miller, DM Comer, JA Rollin, PE Bellini, WJ Rota, PA AF Lo, Michael K. Lowe, Luis Hummel, Kimberly B. Sazzad, Hossain M. S. Gurley, Emily S. Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Miller, David M. Comer, James A. Rollin, Pierre E. Bellini, William J. Rota, Paul A. TI Characterization of Nipah Virus from Outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2008-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; MATRIX PROTEIN; TRANSMISSION; DOMAINS; RNA; PARAMYXOVIRUS; REPLICATION; ATTACHMENT; SEQUENCE AB Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis in humans. The initial outbreak of NiV infection occurred in Malaysia and Singapore in 1998-1999; relatively small, sporadic outbreaks among humans have occurred in Bangladesh since 2001. We characterized the complete genomic sequences of identical NiV isolates from 2 patients in 2008 and partial genomic sequences of throat swab samples from 3 patients in 2010, all from Bangladesh. All sequences from patients in Bangladesh comprised a distinct genetic group. However, the detection of 3 genetically distinct sequences from patients in the districts of Faridpur and Gopalganj indicated multiple co-circulating lineages in a localized region over a short time (January-March 2010). Sequence comparisons between the open reading frames of all available NiV genes led us to propose a standardized protocol for genotyping NiV; this protcol provides a simple and accurate way to classify current and future NiV sequences. C1 [Lo, Michael K.; Lowe, Luis; Hummel, Kimberly B.; Miller, David M.; Comer, James A.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sazzad, Hossain M. S.; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Lo, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mko2@cdc.gov RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU American Society for Microbiology; CDC; ICDDR,B; US National Institutes of Health (Bangladesh-NIH/EID) [07-015-0712-52200] FX M.K.L. was supported by an American Society for Microbiology postdoctoral fellowship. Financial support for this research came from CDC core funding, ICDDR,B, and US National Institutes of Health, grant no. 07-015-0712-52200 (Bangladesh-NIH/EID). NR 33 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 248 EP 255 DI 10.3201/eid1802.111492 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600007 PM 22304936 ER PT J AU Storms, AD Gubareva, LV Su, S Wheeling, JT Okomo-Adhiambo, M Pan, CY Reisdorf, E St George, K Myers, R Wotton, JT Robinson, S Leader, B Thompson, M Shannon, M Klimov, A Fry, AM AF Storms, Aaron D. Gubareva, Larisa V. Su, Su Wheeling, John T. Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret Pan, Chao-Yang Reisdorf, Erik St George, Kirsten Myers, Robert Wotton, Jason T. Robinson, Sara Leader, Brandon Thompson, Martha Shannon, Marjorie Klimov, Alexander Fry, Alicia M. CA US Antiviral Resistance TI Oseltamivir-Resistant Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infections, United States, 2010-11 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UPDATE INFLUENZA ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; SUSCEPTIBILITY; WORLDWIDE; SEASON AB During October 2010 July 2011, 1.0% of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 viruses in the United States were oseltamivir resistant, compared with 0.5% during the 2009-10 influenza season., Of resistant viruses from 2010-11 and 2009-10, 26% and 89%, respectively, were from persons exposed to oseltamivir before specimen collection. Findings suggest limited community transmission of oseltamivir-resistant virus. C1 [Storms, Aaron D.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Su, Su; Wheeling, John T.; Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret; Klimov, Alexander; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pan, Chao-Yang] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Reisdorf, Erik] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [St George, Kirsten] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Myers, Robert] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wotton, Jason T.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Robinson, Sara] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Leader, Brandon] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Thompson, Martha] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Shannon, Marjorie] Delaware Hlth & Social Serv, New Castle, DE USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 308 EP 311 DI 10.3201/eid1802.111466 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600019 PM 22305467 ER PT J AU Feng, YY Wang, L Duan, LP Gomez-Puerta, LA Zhang, LX Zhao, XK Hu, JJ Zhang, N Xiao, LH AF Feng, Yaoyu Wang, Lin Duan, Liping Gomez-Puerta, Luis A. Zhang, Longxian Zhao, Xukun Hu, Jingjing Zhang, Nan Xiao, Lihua TI Extended Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis in a Pediatric Hospital, China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; DIARRHEA; TRANSMISSION; PARVUM; CHILDREN AB Four Cryptosporidium spp. and 6 C. hominis subtypes were isolated from 102 of 6,284 patients in 3 pediatric hospitals in People's Republic of China. A cryptosporidiosis outbreak was identified retrospectively. The outbreak lasted >1 year and affected 51.4% of patients in 1 hospital ward, where 2 C. hominis subtypes with different virulence were found C1 [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Wang, Lin; Duan, Liping; Gomez-Puerta, Luis A.; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Gomez-Puerta, Luis/0000-0002-7909-979X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901, 30928019, 81041078]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China [WB0914044]; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31110103901, 30928019 and 81041078); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (WB0914044); open funding projects of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 312 EP 314 DI 10.3201/eid1802.110666 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600020 PM 22305484 ER PT J AU Purdy, MA Dell'Amico, MC Gonzales, JL Segundo, H Tolari, F Mazzei, M Bartoloni, A Khudyakov, YE AF Purdy, Michael A. Dell'Amico, Maria Chiara Luis Gonzales, Jose Segundo, Higinio Tolari, Francesco Mazzei, Maurizio Bartoloni, Alessandro Khudyakov, Yury E. TI Human and Porcine Hepatitis E Viruses, Southeastern Bolivia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION; SWINE C1 [Purdy, Michael A.; Khudyakov, Yury E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dell'Amico, Maria Chiara; Tolari, Francesco; Mazzei, Maurizio] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Luis Gonzales, Jose] Lab Invest & Diagnost Vet, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Segundo, Higinio] Distrito Salud Cordillera, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Bartoloni, Alessandro] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. RP Purdy, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mup3@cdc.gov RI Mazzei, Maurizio/H-5788-2016 OI Mazzei, Maurizio/0000-0003-3797-8320 NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 339 EP 340 DI 10.3201/eid1802.111453 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600029 PM 22305048 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Memory as Medicine SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 BP 363 EP 364 DI 10.3201/eid1802.AC1802 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 889MU UT WOS:000300078600044 ER PT J AU Hess, JJ McDowell, JZ Luber, G AF Hess, Jeremy J. McDowell, Julia Z. Luber, George TI Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Public Health Practice: Using Adaptive Management to Increase Adaptive Capacity and Build Resilience SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE adaptive management; climate change; climate change adaptation; public health; public health administration ID GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; COMPARATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT; EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS; EXTREME HEAT EVENTS; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; IMPACT ASSESSMENT; GRAND CHALLENGES; NATURAL HAZARDS AB BACKGROUND: Climate change is expected to have a range of health impacts, some of which are already apparent. Public health adaptation is imperative, but there has been little discussion of how to increase adaptive capacity and resilience in public health systems. OBJECTIVES: We explored possible explanations for the lack of work on adaptive capacity, outline climate-health challenges that may lie outside public health's coping range, and consider changes in practice that could increase public health's adaptive capacity. METHODS: We conducted a substantive, interdisciplinary literature review focused on climate change adaptation in public health, social learning, and management of socioeconomic systems exhibiting dynamic complexity. DISCUSSION: There are two competing views of how public health should engage climate change adaptation. Perspectives differ on whether climate change will primarily amplify existing hazards, requiring enhancement of existing public health functions, or present categorically distinct threats requiring innovative management strategies. In some contexts, distinctly climate-sensitive health threats may overwhelm public health's adaptive capacity. Addressing these threats will require increased emphasis on institutional learning, innovative management strategies, and new and improved tools. Adaptive management, an iterative framework that embraces uncertainty, uses modeling, and integrates learning, may be a useful approach. We illustrate its application to extreme heat in an urban setting. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing public health capacity will be necessary for certain climate-health threats. Focusing efforts to increase adaptive capacity in specific areas, promoting institutional learning, embracing adaptive management, and developing tools to facilitate these processes are important priorities and can improve the resilience of local public health systems to climate change. C1 [Hess, Jeremy J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Hess, Jeremy J.; McDowell, Julia Z.; Luber, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Climate & Hlth Program, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hess, Jeremy J.; McDowell, Julia Z.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Hess, JJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Steiner Bldg,1st Floor,49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM jhess@emory.edu RI Brooks, Katya/J-4975-2014 NR 163 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 9 U2 76 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103515 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 887GR UT WOS:000299915400017 PM 21997387 ER PT J AU Tellez-Plaza, M Navas-Acien, A Caldwel, KL Menke, A Muntner, P Guallar, E AF Tellez-Plaza, Maria Navas-Acien, Ana Caldwel, Kathleen L. Menke, Andy Muntner, Paul Guallar, Eliseo TI Reduction in Cadmium Exposure in the United States Population, 1988-2008: The Contribution of Declining Smoking Rates SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cadmium; cigarette smoking; determinants; NHANES; trends ID PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; TOBACCO-SMOKE; URINARY CADMIUM; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD CADMIUM; LEAD; CIGARETTE; METALS AB BACKGROUND: Public health policies such as tobacco control, air pollution reduction, and hazardous waste remediation may have reduced cadmium exposure among U.S. adults. However, trends in urine cadmium, a marker of cumulative cadmium exposure, have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES: We estimated the trends in urine cadmium concentrations in U.S. adults using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 1988 to 2008. We also evaluated the impact of changes in the distribution of available cadmium determinants (age, sex, race, education, body mass index, smoking, and occupation) at the population level to explain cadmium trends. METHODS: The study population included 19,759 adults >= 20 years of age with measures of urine cadmium and cadmium determinants. RESULTS: Age-adjusted geometric means of urine cadmium concentrations were 0.36, 0.35, 0.27, 0.27, 0.28, 0.25, and 0.26 mu g/g creatinine in 1988-1.991, 1991-1994, 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, and 2007-2008, respectively. The age, sex, and race/ethnicity-adjusted percent reduction in urine cadmium geometric means comparing 1999-2002 and 2003-2008 with 1988-1994 were 27.8% (95% confidence interval: 22.3%, 32.9%) and 34.3% (29.9%, 38.4%), respectively (p-trend < 0.001), with reductions in all participant subgroups investigated. In never smokers, reductions in serum cotinine accounted for 15.6% of the observed reduction. In ever smokers, changes in smoking cessation, and cumulative and recent dose accounted for 17.1% of the observed reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Urine cadmium concentrations decreased markedly between 1988 and 2008. Declining smoking rates and changes in exposure to tobacco smoke may have played an important role in the decline of urine cadmium concentrations, benefiting both smokers and nonsmokers. Cadmium has been associated to several health outcomes in NHANES 1999-2008. Consequently, despite the observed decline, further reduction in cadmium exposure is needed. C1 [Tellez-Plaza, Maria; Navas-Acien, Ana; Menke, Andy; Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Tellez-Plaza, Maria; Navas-Acien, Ana; Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Tellez-Plaza, Maria; Guallar, Eliseo] Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Dept Epidemiol Imaging & Atherothrombosis, Madrid, Spain. [Tellez-Plaza, Maria; Navas-Acien, Ana; Menke, Andy; Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Caldwel, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Muntner, Paul] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Tellez-Plaza, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room W7513D, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mtellez@jhsph.edu RI Guallar, Eliseo/D-3807-2014; OI Guallar, Eliseo/0000-0002-4471-9565; Tellez-Plaza, Maria/0000-0002-3850-1228 FU National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [R01 HL090863]; National Cancer Institute [R03CA153959]; Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain FX This work was supported by the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (grant R01 HL090863) and the National Cancer Institute (grant R03CA153959). M.T-P. was supported by a Rio Hortega training grant (Funds for Research in Health Sciences, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain). NR 61 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 20 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 204 EP 209 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104020 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 887GR UT WOS:000299915400022 PM 22062584 ER PT J AU Whyatt, RM Liu, XH Rauh, VA Calafat, AM Just, AC Hoepner, L Diaz, D Quinn, J Adibi, J Perera, FP Factor-Litvak, P AF Whyatt, Robin M. Liu, Xinhua Rauh, Virginia A. Calafat, Antonia M. Just, Allan C. Hoepner, Lori Diaz, Diurka Quinn, James Adibi, Jennifer Perera, Frederica P. Factor-Litvak, Pam TI Maternal Prenatal Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Child Mental, Psychomotor, and Behavioral Development at 3 Years of Age SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE behavior; child; mental; phthalates; prenatal; psychomotor ID BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; NEUROBEHAVIORAL TOXICITY; LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE; THYROID-HORMONES; ORAL TOXICITY; MALE RATS; IN-UTERO; SYSTEM AB BACKGROUND: Research suggests that prenatal phthalate exposures affect child executive function and behavior. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations in maternal prenatal urine and mental, motor, and behavioral development in children at 3 years of age. METHODS: Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), and four di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites were measured in a spot urine sample collected from 319 women during the third trimester. When children were 3 years of age, the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) were measured using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II, and behavior problems were assessed by maternal report on the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS: Child PDI scores decreased with increasing log(e) MnBP [estimated adjusted beta-coefficient = -2.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.63, -1.0] and log(e) MiBP (beta = -2.28; 95% CI: -3.90, -0.67); odds of motor delay increased significantly [per log(e) MnBP: estimated adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.44; per log(e) MiBP: adjusted OR =1.82; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.66]. In girls, MDI scores decreased with increasing log(e) MnBP (beta = -2.67; 95% CI: -4.70, -0.65); the child sex difference in odds of mental delay was significant (p = 0.037). The ORs for clinically withdrawn behavior were 2.23 (95% CI: 1.27, 3.92) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.31) per log(e) unit increase in MnBP and MBzP, respectively; for clinically internalizing behaviors, the OR was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.90) per log(e) unit increase in MBzP. Significant child sex differences were seen in associations between MnBP and MBzP and behaviors in internalizing domains (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Certain prenatal phthalate exposures may decrease child mental and motor development and increase internalizing behaviors. C1 [Whyatt, Robin M.; Just, Allan C.; Hoepner, Lori; Diaz, Diurka; Perera, Frederica P.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Liu, Xinhua] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Rauh, Virginia A.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Quinn, James] Columbia Univ, Inst Social & Econ Res & Policy, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Adibi, Jennifer] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Factor-Litvak, Pam] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Whyatt, RM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM rmw5@columbia.edu OI Hoepner, Lori/0000-0002-4404-8140; Just, Allan/0000-0003-4312-5957 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01ES013543, R01ES014393, R01ES08977]; NIEHS/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [P50 ES09600/RD 83214101] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grants R01ES013543, R01ES014393, and R01ES08977 and by NIEHS/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency grant P50 ES09600/RD 83214101. The findings expressed in this article are the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 58 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 6 U2 28 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 290 EP 295 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103705 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 887GR UT WOS:000299915400036 PM 21893441 ER PT J AU Burns, JS Williams, PL Sergeyev, O Korrick, SA Lee, MM Revich, B Altshul, L Del Prato, JT Humblet, O Patterson, DG Turner, WE Starovoytov, M Hauser, R AF Burns, Jane S. Williams, Paige L. Sergeyev, Oleg Korrick, Susan A. Lee, Mary M. Revich, Boris Altshul, Larisa Del Prato, Julie T. Humblet, Olivier Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Turner, Wayman E. Starovoytov, Mikhail Hauser, Russ TI Serum Concentrations of Organochlorine Pesticides and Growth among Russian Boys SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE BMI; children; DDE; environment; epidemiology; HCB; height; hexachlorocyclohexane; organochlorine pesticides ID SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; BLOOD LEAD LEVELS; BODY-MASS INDEX; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DICHLORODIPHENYL-DICHLOROETHYLENE; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; CHLORINATED PESTICIDES; LACTATIONAL EXPOSURE; DIETARY EXPOSURE; WEIGHT AB BACKGROUND: Limited human data suggest an association of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with adverse effects on children's growth. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the associations of OCPs with longitudinally assessed growth among peripubertal boys from a Russian cohort with high environmental OCP levels. METHODS: A cohort of 499 boys enrolled in the Russian Children's Study between 2003 and 2005 at 8-9 years of age were followed prospectively for 4 years. At study entry, 350 boys had serum OCPs measured. Physical examinations were conducted at entry and annually. The longitudinal associations of serum OCPs with annual measurements of body mass index (BMI), height, and height velocity were examined by multivariate mixed-effects regression models for repeated measures, controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among the 350 boys with OCP measurements, median serum hexachlorobenzene (HCB), P-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta HCH), and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) concentrations were 159 ng/g lipid, 168 ng/g lipid, and 287 ng/g lipid, respectively. Age-adjusted BMI and height z-scores generally fell within the normal range per World Health Organization standards at entry and during follow-up. However, in adjusted models, boys with higher serum HCB, beta HCH, and p,p'-DDE had significantly lower mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] BMI z-scores, by -0.84 (-1.23, -0.46), -1.32 (-1.70, -0.95), and -1.37 (-1.75, -0.98), respectively, for the highest versus lowest quintile. In addition, the highest quintile of p,p'-DDE was associated with a significantly lower mean (95% CI) height z-score, by -0.69 (-1.00, -0.39) than that of the lowest quintile. CONCLUSIONS: Serum OCP concentrations measured at 8-9 years of age were associated with reduced growth, particularly reduced BMI, during the peripubertal period, which may affect attainment of optimal adult body mass and height. C1 [Burns, Jane S.; Korrick, Susan A.; Del Prato, Julie T.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Samara State Med Univ, Dept Phys Educ & Hlth, Samara, Russia. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Chapaevsk Med Assoc, Chapaevsk, Russia. [Korrick, Susan A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lee, Mary M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pediat Endocrine Div, Worcester, MA USA. [Lee, Mary M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Pediat Endocrine Div, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Revich, Boris] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forecasting, Dept Environm Hlth, Moscow, Russia. [Altshul, Larisa] Environm Hlth & Engn Inc, Needham, MA USA. [Altshul, Larisa] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Exposure Epidemiol & Risk Program, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Humblet, Olivier] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Immunol & Allergy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.; Turner, Wayman E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Auburn, GA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] Axys Analyt Solut, Sidney, BC, Canada. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] Fluid Management Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] Exponent Inc, Maynard, MA USA. [Hauser, Russ] Russian Inst Nutr, Moscow, Russia. RP Burns, JS (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Dept Environm Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 1,Room 1404E, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jburns@hsph.harvard.edu RI Sergeyev, Oleg/H-8854-2013; OI Sergeyev, Oleg/0000-0002-5745-3348; Lee, Mary/0000-0002-7204-4884 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R82943701]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES014370, ES000002, ES017117] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R82943701) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES014370, ES000002, and ES017117). M.M.L. is a member of the UMass Diabetes and Endocrine Research Center (DK32520). NR 58 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 15 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 120 IS 2 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103743 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 887GR UT WOS:000299915400038 PM 21984531 ER PT J AU Ivy, W Dominguez, KL Rakhmanina, NY Iuliano, AD Danner, SP Borkowf, CB Denson, AP Gaur, AH Mitchell, CD Henderson, SL Paul, ME Barton, T Herbert-Grant, M Hader, SL Garcia, EP Malachowski, JL Nesheim, SR AF Ivy, Wade, III Dominguez, Kenneth L. Rakhmanina, Natella Y. Iuliano, Angela D. Danner, Susan P. Borkowf, Craig B. Denson, Anitra P. Gaur, Aditya H. Mitchell, Charles D. Henderson, Sheryl L. Paul, Mary E. Barton, Theresa Herbert-Grant, Mary Hader, Shannon L. Garcia, Eileen Perez Malachowski, Jessica L. Nesheim, Steven R. TI Premastication as a Route of Pediatric HIV Transmission: Case-Control and Cross-Sectional Investigations SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE human immunodeficiency virus; pediatric; perinatal; premastication; prechewing ID FOOD; INFECTION; CHILDREN; VIRUS; RISK; INFANTS; STATES; BLOOD AB Background: Three cases of pediatric HIV transmission attributed to the feeding practice of premasticating food for children have been reported. The degree of risk that premastication poses for pediatric HIV transmission and the prevalence of this behavior among HIV-infected caregivers is unknown. Methods: During December 2009 to February 2010, we conducted a case-control investigation of late-diagnosed HIV infection in children at 6 HIV clinics using in-person and telephone interviews. A cross-sectional investigation of premastication was conducted in concert with this case-control investigation. Results: We compared 11 case-patients to 35 HIV-exposed controls of similar age. Sixteen (35%) of 46 children were fed premasticated food, 10 (22%) by an HIV-infected caregiver. Twenty-seven percent of case-patients received premasticated food from an HIV-infected caregiver compared with 20% of controls (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 0.3 to 7.1). In the cross-sectional investigation, 48 (31%) of 154 primary caregivers of children aged >= 6 months reported the children received premasticated food from themselves or someone else. The prevalence of premastication decreased with increasing caregiver age and had been used to feed children aged 1-36 months. Conclusions: Premastication, a potential route of HIV transmission to children, was a common practice of caregivers. Public health officials and health care providers should educate the public about the potential risk of disease transmission via premastication. C1 [Ivy, Wade, III; Dominguez, Kenneth L.; Iuliano, Angela D.; Danner, Susan P.; Borkowf, Craig B.; Nesheim, Steven R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rakhmanina, Natella Y.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Denson, Anitra P.; Hader, Shannon L.] HIV AIDS Adm, Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Gaur, Aditya H.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Mitchell, Charles D.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Henderson, Sheryl L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Paul, Mary E.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Barton, Theresa] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Div Gen Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Herbert-Grant, Mary] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Univ Hosp, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Garcia, Eileen Perez] Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. [Malachowski, Jessica L.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Ivy, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ibw4@cdc.gov OI Rakhmanina, Natella/0000-0002-2246-4581 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31823b4554 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 885OX UT WOS:000299789600021 PM 22027873 ER PT J AU Nsanzimana, S Ruton, H Lowrance, DW Cishahayo, S Nyemazi, JP Muhayimpundu, R Karema, C Raghunathan, PL Binagwaho, A Riedel, DJ AF Nsanzimana, Sabin Ruton, Hinda Lowrance, David W. Cishahayo, Shabani Nyemazi, Jean Pierre Muhayimpundu, Ribakare Karema, Corine Raghunathan, Pratima L. Binagwaho, Agnes Riedel, David J. TI Cell Phone-Based and Internet-Based Monitoring and Evaluation of the National Antiretroviral Treatment Program During Rapid Scale-Up in Rwanda: TRACnet, 2004-2010 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE antiretroviral treatment; scale-up; monitoring and evaluation; Rwanda; TRACnet ID COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; THERAPY; OUTCOMES; HIV; MALAWI; MORTALITY; ADULTS; HAITI; AIDS AB Background: Monitoring and evaluation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) scale-up has been challenging in resource-limited settings. We describe an innovative cell-phone-based and internet-based reporting system (TRACnet) utilized in Rwanda. Methods: From January 2004 to June 30, 2010, all health facilities with ART services submitted standardized monthly aggregate reports of key indicators. National cohort data were analyzed to examine trends in characteristics of patients initiating ART and cumulative cohort outcomes. Estimates of HIV-infected patients eligible for ART were obtained from Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (Estimation and Projection Package-Spectrum, 2010). Results: By June 30, 2010, 295 (65%) of 451 health centers, District and referral hospitals provided ART services; of these, 255 (86%) were located outside Kigali, the capital. Cell phone-based and internet-based reporting was used by 253 (86%) and 42 (14%), respectively. As of June 30, 2010, 83,041 patients were alive on ART, 6171 (6%) had died, and 9621 (10%) were lost-to-follow-up. Of those alive on ART, 7111 (8.6%) were children, 50,971 (61.4%) were female, and 1823 (2.2%) were on a second-line regimen. The proportion of all patients initiating ART at World Health Organization clinical stages 3 and 4 declined from 65% in 2005 to 27% in 2010. National ART coverage of eligible patients increased from 13% in 2005 to 79% in 2010. Conclusions: Rwanda has successfully expanded ART access and achieved high national ART coverage among eligible patients. TRACnet captured essential data about the ART program during rapid scale-up. Cell phone-based and internet-based reporting may be useful for monitoring and evaluation of similar public health initiatives in other resource-limited settings. C1 [Riedel, David J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Riedel, David J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Lowrance, David W.; Raghunathan, Pratima L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Binagwaho, Agnes] Minist Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Riedel, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, 725 W Lombard St,N552, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM driedel@ihv.umaryland.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS001847, PS002048]; US Health Resources Services Administration [U51HA00002521] FX Supported by funds from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through Cooperative Agreement Numbers PS001847 and PS002048 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, awarded to Voxiva and TRAC Plus, respectively; and through Grant Number U51HA00002521 from the US Health Resources Services Administration under a subcontract awarded to AIDSRelief/University of Maryland. TRACnet was developed by TRAC Plus with Voxiva, Inc. Support for TRACnet was provided from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and US Health Resources Services Administration through funds from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 59 IS 2 BP E17 EP E23 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31823e2278 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 885OX UT WOS:000299789600002 PM 22067668 ER PT J AU Kennedy, A Stokley, S Curtis, CR Gust, D AF Kennedy, Allison Stokley, Shannon Curtis, C. Robinette Gust, Deborah TI Limited Awareness of Vaccines Recommended for Adolescents and Other Results from Two National Consumer Health Surveys in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CARE; IMMUNIZATIONS; INFORMATION; PARENTS AB Purpose: This study describes the vaccine-related knowledge and attitudes of adolescents aged 11-18 years and parents of adolescents aged 11-18 years. Methods: We analyzed the 2007 HealthStyles and YouthStyles surveys related to vaccine knowledge and attitudes of parents (n = 1,208) and adolescents (n = 1,087). Results: In all, 21% of parents and 11% of adolescents correctly identified the three vaccines recommended at the time of the survey for adolescents. Regarding the hypothetical scenario that minor adolescents should be allowed to consent to vaccination without parental knowledge, 70% of parents and 72% of adolescents disagreed. The majority of parents and adolescents recognized the importance of vaccines in protecting an adolescent's health yet a substantial minority of both groups also reported concerns about vaccine safety. Conclusions: Many parents and adolescents surveyed were not aware of all vaccine recommendations for adolescents and did not support adolescents receiving vaccinations independent of parental knowledge and/or consent. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Kennedy, Allison; Stokley, Shannon; Curtis, C. Robinette; Gust, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kennedy, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM akennedy@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 BP 198 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.04.017 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 889CS UT WOS:000300051700012 PM 22265117 ER PT J AU Taylor, EV Holt, KG Mahon, BE Ayers, T Norton, D Gould, LH AF Taylor, Ethel V. Holt, Kristin G. Mahon, Barbara E. Ayers, Tracy Norton, Dawn Gould, L. Hannah TI Ground Beef Consumption Patterns in the United States, Food Net, 2006 through 2007 SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID FOODBORNE-DISEASE OUTBREAKS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MULTISTATE SURVEY; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; CATTLE; PERCEPTIONS; SALMONELLA; INFECTION; BEHAVIORS AB Infection resulting from foodborne pathogens, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, is often associated with consumption of raw or undercooked ground beef. However, little is known about the frequency of ground beef consumption in the general population. The objective of this study was to describe patterns of self-reported ground beef and pink ground beef consumption using data from the 2006 through 2007 FoodNet Population Survey. From 1 July 2006 until 30 June 2007, residents of 10 FoodNet sites were contacted by telephone and asked about foods consumed within the previous week. The survey included questions regarding consumption of ground beef patties both inside and outside the home, the consumption of pink ground beef patties and other types of ground beef inside the home, and consumption of ground beef outside the home. Of 8,543 survey respondents, 75.3% reported consuming some type of ground beef in the home. Of respondents who ate ground beef patties in the home, 18.0% reported consuming pink ground beef. Consumption of ground beef was reported most frequently among men, persons with incomes from $40,000 to $75,000 per year, and persons with a high school or college education. Ground beef consumption was least often reported in adults >= 65 years of age. Men and persons with a graduate level education most commonly reported eating pink ground beef in the home. Reported consumption of ground beef and pink ground beef did not differ by season. Ground beef is a frequently consumed food item in the United States, and rates of consumption of pink ground beef have changed little since previous studies. The high rate of consumption of beef that has not been cooked sufficiently to kill pathogens makes pasteurization of ground beef an important consideration, especially for those individuals at high risk of complications from foodborne illnesses such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. C1 [Taylor, Ethel V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Taylor, Ethel V.; Mahon, Barbara E.; Ayers, Tracy; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holt, Kristin G.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Norton, Dawn] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. RP Taylor, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM idp4@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 FU NIH HHS [T35 OD010991] NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 75 IS 2 BP 341 EP 346 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-333 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 887YB UT WOS:000299969900016 PM 22289595 ER PT J AU Fujishiro, K Stukovsky, KDH Roux, AD Landsbergis, P Burchfiel, C AF Fujishiro, Kaori Stukovsky, Karen D. Hinckley Roux, Ana Diez Landsbergis, Paul Burchfiel, Cecil TI Occupational Gradients in Smoking Behavior and Exposure to Workplace Environmental Tobacco Smoke SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HEALTH BEHAVIORS; BLUE-COLLAR; DISPARITIES; ADULTS; NICOTINE; WORKERS; IMPACT AB Objective: This study examines associations of occupation with smoking status, amount smoked among current and former smokers (number of cigarettes per day and lifetime cigarette consumption (pack-years)), and workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) independent from income and education. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from a community sample (n = 6355, age range: 45-84) using logistic and multinomial regression. All analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for socio-demographic variables. Results: Male blue-collar and sales/office workers had higher odds of having consumed more than 20 pack-years of cigarettes "than managers/professionals. For both male and female current or former smokers, exposure to workplace ETS was consistently and strongly associated with heavy smoking and greater pack-years. Conclusions: Blue-collar workplaces are associated with intense smoking and ETS exposure. Smoking must be addressed at both the individual and workplace levels especially in blue-collar workplaces. C1 [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Stukovsky, Karen D. Hinckley] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Roux, Ana Diez] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Landsbergis, Paul] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. RP Fujishiro, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfujishiro@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95169] FX The authors thank Dr. Graham Barr for his input during the early stage of developing this manuscript. This research was supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The authors thank the other investigators, the staff and the participants of the MESA study for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating MESA investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.mesa-nhlbi.org. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 54 IS 2 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318244501e PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 891DP UT WOS:000300197000004 PM 22261926 ER PT J AU Mirabelli, MC London, SJ Charles, LE Pompeii, LA Wagenknecht, LE AF Mirabelli, Maria C. London, Stephanie J. Charles, Luenda E. Pompeii, Lisa A. Wagenknecht, Lynne E. TI Occupation and the Prevalence of Respiratory Health Symptoms and Conditions The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; WORK-RELATED ASTHMA; CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS; CLEANING WORKERS; ONSET ASTHMA; POPULATION; EXPOSURE; BURDEN; ADULTS; DUST AB Objectives: To examine associations between occupation and respiratory health in a large, population-based cohort of adults in the United States. Methods: Data from 15,273 participants, aged 45 to 64 years, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study were used to examine associations of current or most recent job held with the prevalence of self-reported chronic cough, chronic bronchitis, wheezing, asthma, and measures of lung function collected by spirometry. Results: Eleven percent of participants reported wheezing and 9% were classified as having airway obstruction. Compared with individuals in managerial and administrative jobs, increased prevalences of respiratory outcomes were observed among participants in selected occupations, including construction and extractive trades (wheezing, prevalence ratio = 1.92, 95% confidence interval = 1.35, 2.73; airway obstruction, prevalence ratio = 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 1.65). Conclusions: Specific occupations are associated with adverse respiratory health. C1 [Mirabelli, Maria C.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Charles, Luenda E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. [Pompeii, Lisa A.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Houston, TX USA. RP Mirabelli, MC (reprint author), Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM mmirabel@wakehealth.edu OI Mirabelli, Maria/0000-0002-3540-0085; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN268201100012C]; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C). Dr. London is supported by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 54 IS 2 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31823e3a52 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 891DP UT WOS:000300197000006 PM 22157701 ER PT J AU Utterback, DF Schnorr, TM Silverstein, BA Spieler, EA Leamon, TB Amick, BC AF Utterback, David F. Schnorr, Teresa M. Silverstein, Barbara A. Spieler, Emily A. Leamon, Tom B. Amick, Benjamin C., III TI Occupational Health and Safety Surveillance and Research Using Workers' Compensation Data SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; WASHINGTON-STATE; UPPER EXTREMITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; UNITED-STATES; DISABILITY CLAIMS; ECONOMIC BURDEN; NEW-ONSET; INJURY AB Objective: Examine uses of US workers' compensation (WC) data for occupational safety and health purposes. Methods: This article is a summary of the proceedings from an invitational workshop held in September 2009 to discuss the use of WC data for occupational safety and health prevention purposes. Results: Workers' compensation data systems, although limited in many ways, contain information such as medical treatments, their costs and outcomes, and disability causes that are unavailable from national occupational surveillance sources. Conclusions: Despite their limitations, WC records are collected in a manner consistent with many occupational health and safety surveillance needs. Reports are available on the use of WC data for surveillance and research purposes such as estimating the frequency, magnitude, severity, and cost of compensated injuries. Inconsistencies in WC data can limit generalization of research results. C1 [Utterback, David F.; Schnorr, Teresa M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Silverstein, Barbara A.] Washington State Dept Labor & Ind, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Spieler, Emily A.] Northeastern Univ, Sch Law, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Leamon, Tom B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Amick, Benjamin C., III] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Utterback, DF (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-12, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dutterback@cdc.gov FU US appropriations FX All funds for this research were from US appropriations to NIOSH. NR 99 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 54 IS 2 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31823c14cb PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 891DP UT WOS:000300197000008 PM 22237033 ER PT J AU Fonjungo, PN Kebede, Y Messele, T Ayana, G Tibesso, G Abebe, A Nkengasong, JN Kenyon, T AF Fonjungo, Peter N. Kebede, Yenew Messele, Tsehaynesh Ayana, Gonfa Tibesso, Gudeta Abebe, Almaz Nkengasong, John N. Kenyon, Thomas TI Laboratory equipment maintenance: A critical bottleneck for strengthening health systems in sub-Saharan Africa? SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY LA English DT Article DE laboratory equipment; maintenance; developing countries ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TRANSMISSION; ACCREDITATION; PREVENTION; QUALITY; CARE AB Properly functioning laboratory equipment is a critical component for strengthening health systems in developing countries. The laboratory can be an entry point to improve population health and care of individuals for targeted diseases - prevention, care, and treatment of TB, HIV/AIDS, and malaria, plus maternal and neonatal health - as well as those lacking specific attention and funding. We review the benefits and persistent challenges associated with sustaining laboratory equipment maintenance. We propose equipment management policies as well as a comprehensive equipment maintenance strategy that would involve equipment manufacturers and strengthen local capacity through pre-service training of biomedical engineers. Strong country leadership and commitment are needed to assure development and sustained implementation of policies and strategies for standardization of equipment, and regulation of its procurement, donation, disposal, and replacement. Journal of Public Health Policy (2012) 33, 34-45. doi:10.1057/jphp.2011.57; published online 10 November 2011 C1 [Fonjungo, Peter N.; Kebede, Yenew; Kenyon, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Ayana, Gonfa] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst, Dept Lab Qual Syst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tibesso, Gudeta] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst, Reg Labs Capac Bldg Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Abebe, Almaz] Ethiopian Hlth & Nutr Res Inst, Communicable & Noncommunicable Dis Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Nkengasong, John N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fonjungo, PN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, POB 1014,Entoto Rd, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM fonjungop@et.cdc.gov; kebedey@et.cdc.gov; tsehaymes@yahoo.com; gonfaayana@yahoo.com; gudetatibesso@yahoo.com; almaz_abe1@yahoo.com; jcn5@cdc.gov; Kenyont@et.cdc.gov RI 李, 涵/B-4995-2012 NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0197-5897 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH POL JI J. Public Health Policy PD FEB PY 2012 VL 33 IS 1 BP 34 EP 45 DI 10.1057/jphp.2011.57 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 887EX UT WOS:000299910800003 PM 22071568 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Bird, BH Lewis, B Johnston, SC McCarthy, S Keeney, A Botto, M Donnelly, G Shamblin, J Albarino, CG Nichol, ST Hensley, LE AF Smith, Darci R. Bird, Brian H. Lewis, Bridget Johnston, Sara C. McCarthy, Sarah Keeney, Ashley Botto, Miriam Donnelly, Ginger Shamblin, Joshua Albarino, Cesar G. Nichol, Stuart T. Hensley, Lisa E. TI Development of a Novel Nonhuman Primate Model for Rift Valley Fever SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MARMOSETS CALLITHRIX-JACCHUS; ENZOOTIC HEPATITIS; INFECTED MARMOSETS; LIVER PATHOLOGY; RHESUS-MONKEYS; VIRUS-STRAINS; SOUTH-AFRICA; PUNTA-TORO; PATHOGENESIS; DISEASE AB Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus (RVFV) can cause severe human disease characterized by either acute-onset hepatitis, delayed-onset encephalitis, retinitis and blindness, or a hemorrhagic syndrome. The existing nonhuman primate (NHP) model for RVF utilizes an intravenous (i.v.) exposure route in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Severe disease in these animals is infrequent, and large cohorts are needed to observe significant morbidity and mortality. To overcome these drawbacks, we evaluated the infectivity and pathogenicity of RVFV in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) by i.v., subcutaneous (s.c.), and intranasal exposure routes to more closely mimic natural exposure. Marmosets were more susceptible to RVFV than rhesus macaques and experienced higher rates of morbidity, mortality, and viremia and marked aberrations in hematological and chemistry values. An overwhelming infection of hepatocytes was a major consequence of infection of marmosets by the i.v. and s.c. exposure routes. Additionally, these animals displayed signs of hemorrhagic manifestations and neurological impairment. Based on our results, the common marmoset model more closely resembles severe human RVF disease and is therefore an ideal model for the evaluation of potential vaccines and therapeutics. C1 [Smith, Darci R.; Lewis, Bridget; Johnston, Sara C.; McCarthy, Sarah; Keeney, Ashley; Botto, Miriam; Donnelly, Ginger; Shamblin, Joshua; Hensley, Lisa E.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Bird, Brian H.; Albarino, Cesar G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM darci.smith1@us.army.mil FU Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-09-00568] FX This project was funded through an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under award number HSHQDC-09-00568. NR 48 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 BP 2109 EP 2120 DI 10.1128/JVI.06190-11 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 886OA UT WOS:000299862500020 PM 22156530 ER PT J AU Callaghan, WM AF Callaghan, William M. TI Overview of Maternal Mortality in the United States SO SEMINARS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE maternal mortality; surveillance systems; vital statistics ID PREGNANCY-RELATED MORTALITY; SEVERE OBSTETRIC MORBIDITY; TRENDS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; DISPARITY AB Although dramatic improvements in pregnancy care and in general population health facilitated a dramatic decline in maternal mortality in the United States during the 20th century, women still die from complications of pregnancy. Moreover, rates appear to have increased during the early 21st century. This overview will provide context for understanding the problem of maternal mortality in the United States by outlining how maternal mortality rates are reported from National Vital Statistics data, and how pregnancy-related mortality ratios are reported from a national surveillance system. Trends and patterns in these deaths as well as emerging issues concerning causes of maternal deaths and the difficulty with interpreting trend data will be discussed. Semin Perinatol 36:2-6 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. RP Callaghan, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. EM wgc0@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0146-0005 J9 SEMIN PERINATOL JI Semin. Perinatol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 2 EP 6 DI 10.1053/j.semperi.2011.09.002 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 886NK UT WOS:000299860900002 PM 22280858 ER PT J AU Berg, CJ AF Berg, Cynthia J. TI From Identification and Review to Action-Maternal Mortality Review in the United States SO SEMINARS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE maternal mortality; audit; surveillance ID PREGNANCY-RELATED MORTALITY; DEATHS AB The maternal mortality review process is an ongoing quality improvement cycle with 5 steps: identification of maternal deaths, collection of medical and other data on the events surrounding the death, review and synthesis of the data to identify potentially alterable factors, the development and implementation of interventions to decrease the risk of future deaths, and evaluation of the results. The most important step is utilization of the data to identify and implement evidence-based actions; without this step, the rest of the work will not have an impact. The review committee ideally is based in the health department of a state (or large city) as a core public health function. This provides stability for the process as well as facilitates implementation of the review committees' recommendations. The review committee should be multidisciplinary, with its members being official representatives of their organizations or departments, again to improve buy-in of the stakeholders. Semin Perinatol 36:7-13 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Berg, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cjb3@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0146-0005 J9 SEMIN PERINATOL JI Semin. Perinatol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1053/j.semperi.2011.09.003 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 886NK UT WOS:000299860900003 PM 22280859 ER PT J AU Ned, RM Yesupriya, A Imperatore, G Smelser, DT Moonesinghe, R Chang, MH Dowling, NF AF Ned, Renee M. Yesupriya, Ajay Imperatore, Giuseppina Smelser, Diane T. Moonesinghe, Ramal Chang, Man-Huei Dowling, Nicole F. TI The ACE I/D Polymorphism in US Adults: Limited Evidence of Association With Hypertension-Related Traits and Sex-Specific Effects by Race/Ethnicity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE ACE; blood pressure; cross-sectional studies; genetic susceptibility; hypertension; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; polymorphism ID ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; GENE VARIANTS; METAANALYSIS; RISK; DELETION; POPULATION; MEDICINE; DISEASES AB BACKGROUND The insertion/deletion (I/D) variant (rs4646994) of the angiotensin l-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is one of the most studied polymorphisms in relation to blood pressure and essential hypertension in humans. The evidence to date, however, on an association of this variant with blood pressure-related outcomes has been inconclusive. METHODS We examined 5,561 participants of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), a population-based and nationally representative survey of the United States, who were 20 years of age and who self-identified as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, or Mexican American. Within each race/ethnicity, we assessed genetic associations of the I/D variant with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and hypertension, as well as genotype-sex interactions, in four genetic models (additive, dominant, recessive, and codominant). RESULTS The frequency of the I/D variant differed significantly by race/ethnicity (P = 0.001). Among non-Hispanic blacks, the D allele was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with increased SBP in additive and dominant covariate-adjusted models and was also associated with increased DBP in dominant models when participants taking ACE inhibitors were excluded from the analyses. No other significant associations were observed in any race/ethnic group. Significant genotype sex interactions were detected among Mexican Americans, for whom positive associations with SBP and hypertension were seen among females, but not males. CONCLUSIONS This study gives limited support for association of the ACE I/D variant with blood pressure and for sex-specific effects among particular race/ethnic groups, though we cannot rule out the role of genetic or environmental interactions. C1 [Ned, Renee M.; Yesupriya, Ajay; Smelser, Diane T.; Chang, Man-Huei; Dowling, Nicole F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smelser, Diane T.] Amer Soc Human Genet Fellow, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ned, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RNed@cdc.gov FU Office of Public Health Genomics at CDC FX This study was made possible through the efforts of the CDC/NCI NHANES III Genomics Working Group and funding by the Office of Public Health Genomics at CDC. Special thanks to Muin J. Khoury, M.D., Ph.D. (Director of the Office of Public Health Genomics) for oversight of the project and leadership of the office. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 25 IS 2 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1038/ajh.2011.182 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 883XG UT WOS:000299667600013 PM 21993364 ER PT J AU Bergen, G Shults, RA Beck, LF Qayad, M AF Bergen, Gwen Shults, Ruth A. Beck, Laurie F. Qayad, Mohamed TI Self-Reported Alcohol-Impaired Driving in the US, 2006 and 2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BINGE DRINKING; UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; CRASHES; ADULTS AB Background: Alcohol-impaired driving caused 10,839 deaths in 2009. Alcohol-impaired driving fatalities as a percentage of all motor vehicle fatalities decreased from 1982 to 1999 but have remained stable since. Understanding characteristics of those who engage in this behavior is critical to achieving future reductions. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate the number of episodes of self-reported alcohol-impaired driving and to explore the related demographic factors and drinking patterns. Methods: Data from the 2006 and 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used in 2010 to produce annualized estimates of alcohol-impaired driving episodes. Logistic regression modeling was used to explore the effects of drinking patterns, seatbelt use, and sociodemographics. Results: The percentage of the population reporting at least one alcohol-impaired driving episode in the past 30 days was 2.2% for 2006 and 2008 combined. The number of annualized episodes of alcohol-impaired driving was 147 million. Annualized episode rates varied across states from 165 to 1242 episodes per 1000 population. Characteristics associated with alcohol-impaired driving differed by gender. The strongest correlate of alcohol-impaired driving was binge drinking, with those reporting binge drinking at least once per month being five to six times as likely to report alcohol-impaired driving when adjusting for all other variables. Conclusions: Understanding who is most likely to report alcohol-impaired driving is important in developing interventions to prevent this behavior. Interventions that are known to be effective, such as sobriety checkpoints and installing ignition interlocks on the vehicles of people convicted of alcohol-impaired driving, should be widely implemented. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 42(2): 142-149) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Bergen, Gwen; Shults, Ruth A.; Beck, Laurie F.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Qayad, Mohamed] CDC, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bergen, G (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gjb8@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 142 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.015 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 879DQ UT WOS:000299310300005 PM 22261210 ER PT J AU Hellinger, WC Rosser, BG Keaveny, AP Zaheer, S Kay, R Pringle, S Stump, K Schlessinger, S Anderson, J Byers, P Frost, BA Kainer, MA Killackey, MT Caruso, AM Balart, LA Hachem, R Turabelidze, G Nielsen, CF AF Hellinger, Walter C. Rosser, Barry G. Keaveny, Andrew P. Zaheer, Saad Kay, Robyn Pringle, Scott Stump, Kevin Schlessinger, Shirley Anderson, Jannifer Byers, Paul Frost, Beth A. Kainer, Marion A. Killackey, Mary T. Caruso, Amanda M. Balart, Luis A. Hachem, Rasmey Turabelidze, George Nielsen, Carrie F. TI Notes From the Field: Transplant-Transmitted Hepatitis B VirusuUnited States, 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Turabelidze, George; Nielsen, Carrie F.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis,Off Publ Hlth Preparedness &, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis,Div High Co, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hellinger, Walter C.; Rosser, Barry G.; Keaveny, Andrew P.] Mayo Clin Florida, Rebecca Alcantara, FL USA. [Pringle, Scott; Stump, Kevin; Schlessinger, Shirley] Barnes Jewish Hosp, Mississippi Organ Recovery Agcy, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Anderson, Jannifer; Byers, Paul] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Killackey, Mary T.; Caruso, Amanda M.; Balart, Luis A.] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Nielsen, CF (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis,Off Publ Hlth Preparedness &, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis,Div High Co, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cnielsen@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 496 EP 496 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03988.x PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 883HP UT WOS:000299625200032 ER PT J AU Porter, KA Cole, SR Eron, JJ Zheng, Y Hughes, MD Lockman, S Poole, C Skinner-Adams, TS Hosseinipour, M Shaffer, D D'Amico, R Sawe, FK Siika, A Stringer, E Currier, JS Chipato, T Salata, R McCarthy, JS Meshnicka, SR AF Porter, Kimberly A. Cole, Stephen R. Eron, Joseph J., Jr. Zheng, Yu Hughes, Michael D. Lockman, Shahin Poole, Charles Skinner-Adams, Tina S. Hosseinipour, Mina Shaffer, Doug D'Amico, Ronald Sawe, Frederick K. Siika, Abraham Stringer, Elizabeth Currier, Judith S. Chipato, Tsungai Salata, Robert McCarthy, James S. Meshnicka, Steven R. TI HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors and Clinical Malaria: a Secondary Analysis of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5208 Study SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS PROTEASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CD4 CELL COUNT; IN-VITRO; ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; RURAL MALAWI; CHILDREN; COHORT AB HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) have antimalarial activity in vitro and in murine models. The potential beneficial effect of HIV-1 PIs on malaria has not been studied in clinical settings. We used data from Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5208 sites where malaria is endemic to compare the incidence of clinically diagnosed malaria among HIV-infected adult women randomized to either lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) or to nevirapine (NVP)-based ART. We calculated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. We conducted a recurrent events analysis that included both first and second clinical malarial episodes and also conducted analyses to assess the sensitivity of results to outcome misclassification. Among the 445 women in this analysis, 137 (31%) received a clinical diagnosis of malaria at least once during follow-up. Of these 137,72 (53%) were randomized to LPV/r-based ART. Assignment to the LPV/r treatment group (n = 226) was not consistent with a large decrease in the hazard of first clinical malarial episode (hazard ratio = 1.11 [0.79 to 1.56]). The results were similar in the recurrent events analysis. Sensitivity analyses indicated the results were robust to reasonable levels of outcome misclassification. In this study, the treatment with LPV/r compared to NVP had no apparent beneficial effect on the incidence of clinical malaria among HIV-infected adult women. Additional research concerning the effects of PI-based therapy on the incidence of malaria diagnosed by more specific criteria and among groups at a higher risk for severe disease is warranted. C1 [Porter, Kimberly A.; Cole, Stephen R.; Poole, Charles; Meshnicka, Steven R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Eron, Joseph J., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Zheng, Yu; Hughes, Michael D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lockman, Shahin] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Skinner-Adams, Tina S.; McCarthy, James S.] Univ Queensland, Queensland Inst Med Res, Herston, Qld, Australia. [Hosseinipour, Mina] Univ N Carolina Project, Kamuzu Cent Hosp, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Shaffer, Doug; Sawe, Frederick K.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Project, Kericho, Kenya. [D'Amico, Ronald] Abbott Labs, Global Med Affairs, New York, NY USA. [Sawe, Frederick K.] Moi Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Eldoret, Kenya. [Stringer, Elizabeth] Univ Alabama, Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Birmingham, AL USA. [Currier, Judith S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CARE Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Chipato, Tsungai] Univ Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Salata, Robert] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Porter, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Alaska State Hlth Dept, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kimberly.porter@alaska.gov; meshnick@unc.edu RI Skinner-Adams, Tina/A-9798-2012 OI Skinner-Adams, Tina/0000-0001-8963-0444 FU National Institutes of Health [5U01AI068636-05, 5U01AI068634-05]; Abbott Laboratories; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1-T32-AI070114-01A1] FX We gratefully acknowledge the AIDS Clinical Trials Group, which is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant 5U01AI068636-05) and especially T. B. Campbell and R. H. Haubrich for technical expertise and helpful review of the manuscript, and we thank the Statistical and Data Management Center for the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (grant 5U01AI068634-05) for use of the data. The NCT number for A5208 is NCT00089505.; This study was supported by Abbott Laboratories and by a National Research Service Award from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant 1-T32-AI070114-01A1 to K.A.P.). Abbott Laboratories provided the lopinavir/ritonavir for A5208. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (BIPI), provided nevirapine for A5208. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 56 IS 2 BP 995 EP 1000 DI 10.1128/AAC.05322-11 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 883TX UT WOS:000299658900054 PM 22123685 ER PT J AU Lee, S Ward, TJ Graves, LM Wolf, LA Sperry, K Siletzky, RM Kathariou, S AF Lee, Sangmi Ward, Todd J. Graves, Lewis M. Wolf, Leslie A. Sperry, Kate Siletzky, Robin M. Kathariou, Sophia TI Atypical Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Strains Harboring a Lineage II-Specific Gene Cassette SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPING ASSAY; EPIDEMIC CLONE-I; PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION; UNITED-STATES; FOOD SAFETY; VIRULENCE; IDENTIFICATION; RECOMBINATION; TOOL; PCR AB Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological agent of listeriosis, a severe food-borne illness. The population of L. monocytogenes is divided into four lineages (I to IV), and serotype 4b in lineage I has been involved in numerous outbreaks. Several serotype 4b epidemic-associated clonal groups (ECI, -II, and -Ia) have been identified. In this study, we characterized a panel of strains of serotype 4b that produced atypical results with a serotype-specific multiplex PCR and possessed the lmo0734 to Imo0739 gene cassette that had been thought to be specific to lineage II. The cassette was harbored in a genomically syntenic locus in these isolates and in lineage II strains. Three distinct clonal groups (groups 1 to 3) were identified among these isolates based on single-nucleotide polymorphism-based multilocus genotyping (MLGT) and DNA hybridization data. Groups 1 and 2 had MLGT haplotypes previously encountered among clinical isolates and were composed of clinical isolates from multiple states in the United States. In contrast, group 3 consisted of clinical and environmental isolates solely from North Carolina and exhibited a novel haplotype. In addition, all group 3 isolates had DNA that was resistant to MboI, suggesting methylation of adenines at GATC sites. Sequence analysis of the lmo0734 to lmo0739 gene cassette from two strains (group 1 and group 3) revealed that the genes were highly conserved (>99% identity). The data suggest relatively recent horizontal gene transfer from lineage II L. monocytogenes into L. monocytogenes serotype 4b and subsequent dissemination among at least three distinct clonal groups of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b, one of which exhibits restrictions in regional distribution. C1 [Lee, Sangmi; Siletzky, Robin M.; Kathariou, Sophia] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ward, Todd J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Graves, Lewis M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolf, Leslie A.; Sperry, Kate] NC Lab Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Kathariou, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sophia_kathariou@ncsu.edu FU USDA [2006-35201-17377]; U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service FX This study was supported by USDA grant 2006-35201-17377 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 78 IS 3 BP 660 EP 667 DI 10.1128/AEM.06378-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 882WI UT WOS:000299594200007 PM 22138999 ER PT J AU Karras, NA Verneris, MR DeFor, TE Sessions, WM Xu, X Klimov, A AF Karras, N. A. Verneris, M. R. DeFor, T. E. Sessions, W. M. Xu, X. Klimov, A. TI DISCERNING POST HSCT IMMUNE RESPONSE TO THE INFLUENZA VACCINE AND METHODS TO IMPROVE VACCINE EFFICACY SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT BMT Tandem Meeting CY FEB 01-05, 2012 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Karras, N. A.; Verneris, M. R.; DeFor, T. E.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Sessions, W. M.; Xu, X.; Klimov, A.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1083-8791 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 2 SU 2 MA 300 BP S317 EP S317 PG 1 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 880HQ UT WOS:000299398600301 ER PT J AU Brahmi, D Steenland, MW Renner, RM Gaffield, ME Curtis, KM AF Brahmi, Dalia Steenland, Maria W. Renner, Regina-Maria Gaffield, Mary E. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Pregnancy outcomes with an IUD in situ: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE IUD; Copper IUD; Levonorgestrel IUD; Pregnancy; Complication; Systematic review ID INTRAUTERINE-DEVICE; EXTRACTION AB Background: While intrauterine devices (IUDs) provide highly effective contraception, pregnancies among IUD users do rarely occur. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the evidence about risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who conceive with an IUD in situ. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, POPLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases from inception through April 2011 for peer-reviewed articles containing evidence related to pregnancy outcomes among women who conceived while using copper (Cu) and levonorgestrel-releasing (LNG) IUDs. Results: Nine articles met our inclusion criteria. Women with retained IUDs were at the greatest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, septic abortion and chorioamnionitis. Cu-IUD removal decreased risks but not to the baseline risk of pregnancies without an IUD. One case series examined the LNG-IUD; when left in situ, 8 in 10 ended in spontaneous abortions. Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by a remaining IUD in situ were at greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Early IUD removal appeared to improve outcomes but did not entirely eliminate risks. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Brahmi, Dalia; Gaffield, Mary E.] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Steenland, Maria W.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Renner, Regina-Maria] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. RP Brahmi, D (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM brahmid@who.int FU Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Anonymous Foundation; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA FX This review was supported by resources from the Department of Reproductive Health and Research at the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an Anonymous Foundation, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD FEB PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.06.010 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 882US UT WOS:000299590000001 PM 22067777 ER PT J AU Xu, X Macaluso, M Ouyang, LJ Kulczycki, A Grosse, SD AF Xu, Xin Macaluso, Maurizio Ouyang, Lijing Kulczycki, Andrzej Grosse, Scott D. TI Revival of the intrauterine device: increased insertions amon US women with employer-sponsored insurance, 2002-2008 SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Intrauterine device; Copper IUD; LNG-IUS; Pattern; Trend; Variation ID UNITED-STATES; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; CONTRACEPTION; LEVONORGESTREL; COST AB Background: Use of the intrauterine device (IUD) in the United States has recently increased. New evidence for women with employer-sponsored health insurance permits analysis of variation and trends in such use. Study Design: A retrospective analysis of annual IUD insertion rates between 2002 and 2008 was conducted by evaluating claims from the MarketScan (R) Commercial Research Databases for US women insured by plans that covered IUD insertions. Estimates were weighted to be nationally representative. Results: IUD insertion rates increased from 1.6/1000 women of reproductive age to 9.8/1000 over 2002-2008 and varied substantially by state. Insertion rates of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) increased from 0.4/1000 to 7.7/1000, whereas the insertion rates of copper T380A IUD (copper IUD) increased from 0.6/1000 to 1.5/1000. IUD insertions, which are most common among women aged 25-34 years, increased at roughly the same rate across all age groups. Conclusions: The sixfold increase in IUD insertion rates between 2002 and 2008 was accompanied by an increase in the share IUD use with the LNG-IUS from 40% to 85%. Substantial geographic and age variations existed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Xu, Xin; Macaluso, Maurizio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ouyang, Lijing; Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kulczycki, Andrzej] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Xu, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xinxu@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 32 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD FEB PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 BP 155 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.06.007 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 882US UT WOS:000299590000005 PM 22067778 ER PT J AU Li, YF Burrows, NR Gregg, EW Albright, A Geiss, LS AF Li, Yanfeng Burrows, Nilka Rios Gregg, Edward W. Albright, Ann Geiss, Linda S. TI Declining Rates of Hospitalization for Nontraumatic Lower-Extremity Amputation in the Diabetic Population Aged 40 Years or Older: US, 1988-2008 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION-EXAMINATION-SURVEY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; DISEASE; TRENDS; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; RISK; CARE; INDIVIDUALS; DISPARITIES AB OBJECTIVE-To assess trends in rates of hospitalization for nontraumatic lower-extremity amputation (NLEA) in U.S. diabetic and nondiabetic populations and disparities in NLEA rates within the diabetic population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We calculated NLEA hospitalization rates, by diabetes status, among persons aged >= 40 years on the basis of National Hospital Discharge Survey data on NLEA procedures and National Health Interview Survey data on diabetes prevalence. We used joinpoint regression to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and to assess trends in rates from 1988 to 2008. RESULTS-The age-adjusted NLEA discharge rate per 1,000 persons among those diagnosed with diabetes and aged >= 40 years decreased from 11.2 in 1996 to 3.9 in 2008 (APC -8.6%; P < 0.01), while rates among persons without diagnosed diabetes changed little. NLEA rates in the diabetic population decreased significantly from 1996 to 2008 in all demographic groups examined (all P < 0.05). Throughout the entire study period, rates of diabetes-related NLEA were higher among persons aged >= 75 years than among those who were younger, higher among men than women, and higher among blacks than whites. CONCLUSIONS-From 1996 to 2008, NLEA discharge rates declined significantly in the U.S. diabetic population. Nevertheless, NLEA continues to be substantially higher in the diabetic population than in the nondiabetic population and disproportionately affects people aged >= 75 years, blacks, and men. Continued efforts are needed to decrease the prevalence of NLEA risk factors and to improve foot care among certain subgroups within the U.S. diabetic population that are at higher risk. C1 [Li, Yanfeng; Burrows, Nilka Rios; Gregg, Edward W.; Albright, Ann; Geiss, Linda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Burrows, NR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM nrios@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD FEB PY 2012 VL 35 IS 2 BP 273 EP 277 DI 10.2337/de11-1360 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 886LN UT WOS:000299856000015 PM 22275440 ER PT J AU Charles, LE Burchfiel, CM Andrew, ME Gu, JK Petrini, MF Butler, KR AF Charles, Luenda E. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Andrew, Michael E. Gu, Ja K. Petrini, Marcy F. Butler, Kenneth R., Jr. TI Pulmonary Function and Left Ventricular Mass in African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study SO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-A JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AND ALLIED TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE left ventricular mass; pulmonary function; cardiovascular disease; African Americans ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; SEX-HORMONES; HYPERTROPHY; DISEASE; HYPERTENSION; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY; HEALTH; RACE; MEN AB Purpose: Impaired pulmonary function has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between pulmonary function and left ventricular (LV) mass. Methods: Participants were African American women (n = 1,069) and men (n = 555) aged 4973 years, from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Mean pulmonary function values at the first (19871989) and second (19901992) examinations were used. Echocardiograms were performed at the third and early in the fourth examinations (19931996). Analysis of covariance and linear regression were used to assess associations. Results: Mean levels of LV mass decreased with increasing quintiles of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) among female never smokers (P = 0.039). Forced vital capacity (FVC) showed stronger associations than FEV1 with LV mass. Among men, LV mass was positively associated with FEV1 among current and never smokers, and with FVC among never smokers. Additional analyses among never smokers revealed significant inverse associations between LV mass and FVC among women with waist-to-hip ratios of >0.85 and those with no history of diabetes. In contrast, significant positive associations between LV mass and FVC were seen among male never smokers with body mass index (BMI) of =24.9 kg/m2, waist-to-hip ratios of =0.95, no history of hypertension or diabetes, and =60 years old. BMI and waist-to-hip ratio significantly modified associations among men. Conclusions: Among never smokers, LV mass and pulmonary function were inversely associated among women and positively associated among men. Further studies are warranted. (Echocardiography 2012;29:131-139) C1 [Charles, Luenda E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Andrew, Michael E.; Gu, Ja K.] NIOSH, HELD, BEB, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Petrini, Marcy F.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Butler, Kenneth R., Jr.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Charles, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, HELD, BEB, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop L-4050,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM lcharles@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN2682011000 05C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN 268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100 010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN26820110001 2C] FX The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (Contract Nos. HHSN2682011000 05C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN 268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100 010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN26820110001 2C). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0742-2822 J9 ECHOCARDIOGR-J CARD JI Echocardiography-J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound Allied Tech. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2011.01550.x PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 883LS UT WOS:000299636200013 PM 22044673 ER PT J AU Alfano-Sobsey, E Sweat, D Hall, A Breedlove, F Rodriguez, R Greene, S Pierce, A Sobsey, M Davies, M Ledford, SL AF Alfano-Sobsey, E. Sweat, D. Hall, A. Breedlove, F. Rodriguez, R. Greene, S. Pierce, A. Sobsey, M. Davies, M. Ledford, S. L. TI Norovirus outbreak associated with undercooked oysters and secondary household transmission SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Food safety; foodborne infections; Norwalk agent and related viruses ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUS; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; SHELLFISH; ILLNESS AB During December 2009, over 200 individuals reported gastrointestinal symptoms after dining at a North Carolina restaurant. An outbreak investigation included a case-control study of restaurant patrons, a secondary household transmission study, environmental assessment of the restaurant facilities and operations, and laboratory analysis of stool and food samples. Illness was primarily associated with consumption of steamed oysters (odds ratio 12, 95% confidence interval 4.8-28) and 20% (8/41 households) reported secondary cases, with a secondary attack rate of 14% among the 70 susceptible household contacts. Norovirus RNA was detected in 3/5 stool specimens from ill patrons; sequencing of RT-PCR products from two of these specimens identified identical genogroup II genotype 12 sequences. Final cooked temperatures of the steamed oysters were generally inadequate to inactivate norovirus, ranging from 21 degrees C to 74 degrees C. Undercooked contaminated oysters pose a similar risk for norovirus illness as raw oysters and household contacts are at risk for secondary infection. C1 [Alfano-Sobsey, E.; Ledford, S. L.] Wake Cty Human Serv, Raleigh, NC 27610 USA. [Sweat, D.; Greene, S.; Davies, M.] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Hall, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breedlove, F.; Pierce, A.] Wake Cty Dept Environm Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Rodriguez, R.; Sobsey, M.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Alfano-Sobsey, E (reprint author), Wake Cty Human Serv, 10 Sunnybrook Rd,Room 301, Raleigh, NC 27610 USA. EM Edie.AlfanoSobsey@wakegov.com NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 140 IS 2 BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1017/S0950268811000665 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 883SM UT WOS:000299655200010 PM 21524343 ER PT J AU Schaffzin, JK Coronado, F Dumas, NB Root, TP Halse, TA Schoonmaker-Bopp, DJ Lurie, MM Nicholas, D Gerzonich, B Johnson, GS Wallace, BJ Musser, KA AF Schaffzin, J. K. Coronado, F. Dumas, N. B. Root, T. P. Halse, T. A. Schoonmaker-Bopp, D. J. Lurie, M. M. Nicholas, D. Gerzonich, B. Johnson, G. S. Wallace, B. J. Musser, K. A. TI Public health approach to detection of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: summary of two outbreaks and laboratory procedures SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community outbreaks; diarrhoea; Escherichia coli; foodborne infections; STEC ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; O157-H7; INFECTIONS; ASSAY AB Routine laboratory testing may not detect non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) reliably. Active clinical, epidemiological, environmental health, and laboratory collaboration probably influence successful detection and study of non-O157 STEC infection. We summarized two outbreak investigations in which such coordinated efforts identified non-O157 STEC disease and led to effective control measures. Outbreak 1 involved illness associated with consuming unpasteurized apple cider from a local orchard. Public health personnel were notified by a local hospital; stool specimens from ill persons contained O111 STEC. Outbreak 2 involved bloody diarrhoea at a correctional facility. Public health personnel were notified by the facility infection control officer; O45 STEC was the implicated agent. These reports highlight the ability of non-O157 STEC to cause outbreaks and demonstrate that a coordinated effort by clinicians, infection-control practitioners, clinical diagnostic laboratorians, and public health personnel can lead to effective identification, investigation, and prevention of non-O157 STEC disease. C1 [Schaffzin, J. K.; Coronado, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off Proposed, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffzin, J. K.; Coronado, F.; Lurie, M. M.; Johnson, G. S.; Wallace, B. J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis Control, Albany, NY USA. [Dumas, N. B.; Root, T. P.; Halse, T. A.; Schoonmaker-Bopp, D. J.; Musser, K. A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Nicholas, D.; Gerzonich, B.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Community Environm Hlth & Food Protect, Albany, NY USA. RP Schaffzin, JK (reprint author), Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Gen & Community Pediat, MLC 2011,3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM joshua.schaffzin@cchmc.org NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 140 IS 2 BP 283 EP 289 DI 10.1017/S0950268811000719 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 883SM UT WOS:000299655200011 PM 21554779 ER PT J AU Stewart, SL Rim, SH Gelb, CA AF Stewart, Sherri L. Rim, Sun Hee Gelb, Cynthia A. TI Physician Knowledge and Awareness of CA-125 as a Screen for Ovarian Cancer in the Asymptomatic, Average-Risk Population SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE CA-125; ovarian cancer; screen ID ELECTIVE OOPHORECTOMY; DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS; WOMEN; DISEASE; SERUM; HYSTERECTOMY; MAMMOGRAPHY; MENOPAUSE; BEHAVIOR; THERAPY AB Effective early detection strategies for ovarian cancer do not exist. Current screening guidelines recommend against routine screening using CA-125 alone or in combination with transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS). In this study, the authors used the 2008 DocStyles survey to measure clinician beliefs about the effectiveness of CA-125 and TVS in the asymptomatic, average-risk population in the United States. To assess the need for provider education, the authors used the 2008 HealthStyles survey to examine public awareness of CA-125. Of 1,250 physician respondents, 40.4% said both CA-125 and TVS were effective screens, and 28.3% said neither was an effective ovarian cancer screen in the asymptomatic, average-risk population. Obstetrician/gynecologists [OB/GYNs] more often had responses consistent with current guidelines: 56.5% of OB/GYNs, compared with 34.4% and 29.8% of family/general practitioners and internists, respectively, said neither CA-125 nor TVS was an effective screen. Almost one third of women surveyed reported having heard of CA-125, and about one tenth said they had the CA-125 test. These findings support the need for additional provider education. Educational efforts should include lack of evidence for, as well as the potential harms of, screening for ovarian cancer with CA-125. C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.; Rim, Sun Hee; Gelb, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stewart, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Sstewart2@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 57 EP 66 DI 10.1177/1090198111407185 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 885LN UT WOS:000299780600007 PM 21680807 ER PT J AU Smith, SE Kurbatova, EV Cavanaugh, JS Cegielski, JP AF Smith, S. E. Kurbatova, E. V. Cavanaugh, J. S. Cegielski, J. P. TI Global isoniazid resistance patterns in rifampin-resistant and rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; rifampin resistance; Xpert (R) MTB/RIF assay AB Following the World Health Organization's endorsement of the Xpert (R) MTB/RIF assay, which rapidly and simultaneously diagnoses tuberculosis (TB) and detects resistance to rifampin (RMP), the question arises to what extent RMP resistance is an adequate marker for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). A retrospective analysis of data from >81 countries and subnational settings demonstrated that >40% of RMP-resistant isolates from new TB cases did not display resistance to isoniazid (INH) in settings with relatively low MDR-TB prevalence (one third of all countries and subnational settings). Results indicated the need for INH susceptibility testing in addition to RMP susceptibility testing. C1 [Smith, S. E.; Kurbatova, E. V.; Cavanaugh, J. S.; Cegielski, J. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cegielski, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd, Ne Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pcegielski@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 203 EP 205 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0445 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 883WQ UT WOS:000299666000012 PM 22136739 ER PT J AU Jereb, JA Privett, TD Pearson, ML AF Jereb, John A. Privett, Thomas D. Pearson, Michele L. TI Tuberculin skin test conversions in hospital housekeepers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Letter ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; RISK C1 [Jereb, John A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Privett, Thomas D.] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Div Communicable Dis, TB Program, Trenton, NJ USA. [Pearson, Michele L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jereb, JA (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Serv & Evaluat Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jxj4@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 279 EP 279 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0566 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 883WQ UT WOS:000299666000027 PM 22236933 ER PT J AU Wiggins, LD Robins, DL Adamson, LB Bakeman, R Henrich, CC AF Wiggins, Lisa D. Robins, Diana L. Adamson, Lauren B. Bakeman, Roger Henrich, Christopher C. TI Support for a Dimensional View of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Toddlers SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs); Early identification; Early diagnosis; Cluster analysis ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; REPETITIVE BEHAVIORS; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; MODIFIED CHECKLIST; CHILDREN; SUBTYPES; INTERESTS; AGREEMENT; SUBGROUPS; DOMAIN AB We examined whether clinically distinct subgroups can be derived from a sample of toddlers (n = 186) who failed the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, received a comprehensive clinical evaluation, and were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Three subgroups emerged from cluster analysis distinguished by (a) social, communication, and intellectual skills and (b) the rate and intensity of repetitive behaviors and abnormal sensory response. Preoccupations, compulsions, and rituals did not distinguish resultant subgroups. These results support a dimensional diagnostic view of ASDs in toddlers since subgroup differences were based on symptom severity rather than different symptom profiles. Results also identify specific types and levels of behavioral deficit relevant to toddler populations. Implications for early diagnosis are discussed. C1 [Wiggins, Lisa D.; Robins, Diana L.; Adamson, Lauren B.; Bakeman, Roger; Henrich, Christopher C.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Wiggins, LD (reprint author), CDC, NCBDDD, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lwiggins@cdc.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD039961] NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0162-3257 J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD JI J. Autism Dev. Disord. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 42 IS 2 BP 191 EP 200 DI 10.1007/s10803-011-1230-0 PG 10 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 881XU UT WOS:000299526100005 PM 21448751 ER PT J AU Tafur, AJ McBane, R Wysokinski, WE Litin, S Daniels, P Slusser, J Hodge, D Beckman, MG Heit, JA AF Tafur, A. J. McBane, R., II Wysokinski, W. E. Litin, S. Daniels, P. Slusser, J. Hodge, D. Beckman, M. G. Heit, J. A. TI Predictors of major bleeding in peri-procedural anticoagulation management SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE anticoagulation; bleeding; low-molecular-weight heparin; surgery; warfarin ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; TERM ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS; BRIDGING THERAPY; PERIPROCEDURAL ANTICOAGULATION; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; WARFARIN THERAPY; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; OUTCOMES; RISK; INTERRUPTION AB . Background: Appropriate periprocedural management for chronically anticoagulated patients requires assessment of patient-specific thrombosis and bleeding risks. However, predictors of post-procedure bleeding are unknown. Objectives: To determine the 3-month cumulative incidence and independent predictors of peri-procedural bleeding in chronically anticoagulated patients requiring temporary warfarin interruption for an invasive procedure. Methods: In a protocol driven, cohort study design, all patients referred to the Mayo Clinic Thrombophilia Center for peri-procedural anticoagulation management (19972007; n = 2182), were followed forward in time to determine the 3-month cumulative incidence of peri-procedural bleeding (KaplanMeier product limit) and potential predictors of bleeding (Cox proportional hazards). Decisions to bridge with low-molecular-weight heparin were based on estimated thromboembolism and bleeding risk. Results: Indications for chronic anticoagulation included venous thromboembolism (38%), atrial fibrillation (30%) and mechanical heart valves (27%). Of these, 1496 (69%) patients received bridging therapy. The 3-month cumulative incidence rates of major and overall bleeding were 2.1% and 5.1%, respectively. Major bleeding occurred more frequently in patients receiving bridging therapy (3% vs. 1%; P = 0.017). Independent predictors (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval) of major bleeding included mitral mechanical heart valve (2.2; 1.14.3), active cancer (1.8; 1.03.1), prior bleeding history (2.6; 1.54.5) and re-initiation of heparin therapy within 24 h after the procedure (1.9; 1.13.4). Conclusion: Factors predisposing to peri-procedural bleeding are primarily patient-specific. Premature heparin re-initiation is an avoidable provider-specific variable to consider. C1 [Tafur, A. J.; McBane, R., II; Wysokinski, W. E.; Litin, S.; Daniels, P.; Heit, J. A.] Mayo Clin, Gonda Vasc Ctr, Thrombophilia Ctr, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Slusser, J.; Hodge, D.] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Div Biomed Stat & Informat, Rochester, MN USA. [Beckman, M. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders MGB, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McBane, R (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Gonda Vasc Ctr, Thrombophilia Ctr, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM mcbane.robert@mayo.edu OI Wysokinski, Waldemar/0000-0002-8119-6206 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [DD00235]; U.S. Public Health Service; Mayo Foundation FX Funded, in part, by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DD00235), U.S. Public Health Service, and by the Mayo Foundation. NR 21 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04572.x PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 885LC UT WOS:000299779500012 PM 22123000 ER PT J AU Estivariz, CF Jafari, H Sutter, RW John, TJ Jain, V Agarwal, A Verma, H Pallansch, MA Singh, AP Guirguis, S Awale, J Burton, A Bahl, S Chatterjee, A Aylward, RB AF Estivariz, Concepcion F. Jafari, Hamid Sutter, Roland W. John, T. Jacob Jain, Vibhor Agarwal, Ashutosh Verma, Harish Pallansch, Mark A. Singh, Ajit P. Guirguis, Sherine Awale, Jitendra Burton, Anthony Bahl, Sunil Chatterjee, Arani Aylward, R. Bruce TI Immunogenicity of supplemental doses of poliovirus vaccine for children aged 6-9 months in Moradabad, India: a community-based, randomised controlled trial SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; POLIOMYELITIS; INFANTS; OMAN AB Background The continued presence of polio in northern India poses challenges to the interruption of wild poliovirus transmission and the management of poliovirus risks in the post-eradication era. We aimed to assess the current immunity profile after routine doses of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and numerous supplemental doses of type-1 monovalent OPV (mOPV1), and compared the effect of five vaccine formulations and dosages on residual immunity gaps. Methods We did a community-based, randomised controlled trial of healthy infants aged 6-9 months at ten sites in Moradabad, India. Serum neutralising antibody was measured before infants were randomly assigned to a study group and given standard-potency or higher-potency mOPV1, intradermal fractional-dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV, GlaxoSmithKline), or intramuscular full-dose IPV from two different manufacturers (GlaxoSmithKline or Panacea). Follow-up sera were taken at days 7 and 28. Our primary endpoint was an increase of more than four times in antibody titres. We did analyses by per-protocol in children with a blood sample available before, and 28 days after, receiving study vaccine (or who completed study procedures). This trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN90744784. Findings Of 1002 children enrolled, 869 (87%) completed study procedures (ie, blood sample available at day 0 and day 28). At baseline, 862 (99%), 625 (72%), and 418 (48%) had detectable antibodies to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In children who were type-1 seropositive, an increase of more than four times in antibody titre was detected 28 days after they were given standard-potency mOPV1 (5/13 [38%]), higher-potency mOPV1 (6/21 [29%]), intradermal IPV (9/16 [56%]), GlaxoSmithKline intramuscular IPV (19/22 [86%]), and Panacea intramuscular IPV (11/13 [85%]). In those who were type-2 seronegative, 42 (100%) of 42 seroconverted after GlaxoSmithKline intramuscular IPV, and 24 (59%) of 41 after intradermal IPV (p<0.0001). 87 (90%) of 97 infants who were type-3 seronegative seroconverted after intramuscular IPV, and 21 (36%) of 49 after intradermal IPV (p<0.0001). Interpretation Supplemental mOPV1 resulted in almost total seroprevalence against poliovirus type 1, which is consistent with recent absence of poliomyelitis cases; whereas seroprevalence against types 2 and 3 was expected for routine vaccination histories. The immunogenicity of IPV produced in India (Panacea) was similar to that of an internationally manufactured IPV (GSK). Intradermal IPV was less immunogenic. C1 [Estivariz, Concepcion F.; Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jafari, Hamid; Verma, Harish; Bahl, Sunil] RK Khanna Stadium, Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi, India. [Sutter, Roland W.; Burton, Anthony; Aylward, R. Bruce] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [John, T. Jacob] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Clin Virol, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Jain, Vibhor] Cent Police Hosp, Natl Polio Surveillance Project, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Singh, Ajit P.; Chatterjee, Arani] Panacea Biotec Ltd, Mohan Coop, New Delhi, India. [Guirguis, Sherine] UNICEF, New Delhi, India. RP Estivariz, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cge3@cdc.gov FU Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), WHO FX Funding Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), WHO. NR 30 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70190-6 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 883SU UT WOS:000299656000021 PM 22071249 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Burton, AH Boschi-Pinto, C Steele, AD Duque, J Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Burton, Anthony H. Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia Steele, A. Duncan Duque, Jazmin Parashar, Umesh D. CA WHO Coordinated Global Rotavirus S TI 2008 estimate of worldwide rotavirus-associated mortality in children younger than 5 years before the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; GASTROENTERITIS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; REDUCTION; INFECTION; EFFICACY; INFANTS; DISEASE; SAFETY AB Background WHO recommends routine use of rotavirus vaccines in all countries, particularly in those with high mortality attributable to diarrhoea! diseases. To establish the burden of life-threatening rotavims disease before the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine, we aimed to update the estimated number of deaths worldwide in children younger than 5 years due to diarrhoea attributable to rotavirus infection. Methods We used PubMed to identify studies of at least 100 children younger than 5 years who had been admitted to hospital with diarrhoea. Additionally, we required the studies to have a data collection midpoint of the year 2000 o later, to be done in full-year increments, and to assesses diarrhoea attributable to rotavirus with EIAs or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We also included data from countries that participated in the WHO-coordinated Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network (consisting of participating member states during 2009) and that met study criteria. For countries that have introduced a rotavirus vaccine into their national immunisation programmes, we excluded data subsequent to the introduction. We classified studies into one of five groups on the basis of region and the level of child mortality in the country in which the study was done. For each group, to obtain estimates of rotavirus-associated mortality, we multiplied the random-effect mean rotavirus detection rate by the 2008 diarrhoea-related mortality figures for countries in that group. We derived the worldwide mortality estimate by summing our regional estimates. Findings Worldwide in 2008, diarrhoea attributable to rotavirus infection resulted in 453 000 deaths (95% C 420 000-494 000) in children younger than 5 years-37% of deaths attributable to diarrhoea and 5% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years. Five countries accounted for more than half of all deaths attributable to rotavirus infection: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan; India alone accounted for 22% of deaths (98 621 deaths). Interpretation Introduction of effective and available rotavirus vaccines could substantially affect worldwide death attributable to diarrhoea. Our new estimates can be used to advocate for rotavirus vaccine introduction and to monitor the effect of vaccination on mortality once introduced. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Duque, Jazmin; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burton, Anthony H.; Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov OI Duque, Jazmin/0000-0003-3484-276X NR 28 TC 556 Z9 594 U1 4 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70253-5 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 883SU UT WOS:000299656000022 PM 22030330 ER PT J AU Johansson, A Batty, M Hayashi, K Al Bar, O Marcozzi, D Memish, ZA AF Johansson, Anders Batty, Michael Hayashi, Konrad Al Bar, Osama Marcozzi, David Memish, Ziad A. TI Mass Gatherings Health 4 Crowd and environmental management during mass gatherings SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AIRLINE TRANSPORTATION; PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS; EPIDEMICS; EVACUATION; SIMULATION; NETWORKS; CITIES; SAFETY; MODELS; SCALE AB Crowds are a feature of large cities, occurring not only at mass gatherings but also at routine events such as the journey to work. To address extreme crowding, various computer models for crowd movement have been developed in the past decade, and we review these and show how they can be used to identify health and safety issues. State-of-the-art models that simulate the spread of epidemics operate on a population level, but the collection of fine-scale data might enable the development of models for epidemics that operate on a microscopic scale, similar to models for crowd movement. We provide an example of such simulations, showing how an individual-based crowd model can mirror aggregate susceptible-infected-recovered models that have been the main models for epidemics so far. C1 [Johansson, Anders; Batty, Michael] UCL, Ctr Adv Spatial Anal, London W1T 4TJ, England. [Johansson, Anders] Univ Bristol, Fac Engn, Bristol, Avon, England. [Hayashi, Konrad] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Preparedness & Response Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Al Bar, Osama] Minist Municipal & Rural Affairs, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. [Marcozzi, David] White House Natl Secur Staff, Washington, DC USA. [Memish, Ziad A.] Minist Hlth, Prevent Med Directorate, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Memish, Ziad A.] Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Johansson, A (reprint author), UCL, Ctr Adv Spatial Anal, 90 Tottenham Court Rd, London W1T 4TJ, England. EM a.johansson@ucl.ac.uk RI Johansson, Anders/C-5551-2009; Batty, Michael/I-5638-2014 FU Economic and Social Research Council GeNESIS [RES-149-25-1078]; ERA-NET Complexity-Net Project at University College London FX AJ is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council GeNESIS (RES-149-25-1078) project and MB is partly funded by the ERA-NET Complexity-Net Project at University College London. We thank Habib Al-Abideen, Salim Al-Bosta, Dirk He thing, and Mehdi Moussaid for valuable discussions and input to this study, and Sonic Chan for providing figure 1A, eCourier for providing GPS trajectory data, and the referees for providing valuable and constructive feedback. The views expressed in tins review are the authors' own and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Government or any of its components. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 150 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70287-0 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 883SU UT WOS:000299656000024 PM 22252150 ER PT J AU Mersereau, PW Layton, CM Smith, LR Kendrick, JS Mitchell, EW Amoozegar, JB Williams, JL AF Mersereau, Patricia W. Layton, Christine M. Smith, Lucia Rojas Kendrick, Juliette S. Mitchell, Elizabeth W. Amoozegar, Jacqueline B. Williams, Jennifer L. TI Prenatal Care Providers and Influenza Prevention and Treatment: Lessons from the Field SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Antiviral medications; H1N1 virus; Influenza vaccine; Pandemic; Pregnancy; Prenatal care providers ID 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; PREGNANT-WOMEN; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; BEHAVIOR AB To better understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of providers regarding influenza infection and vaccination in pregnancy, fourteen focus groups were conducted among 92 providers in Atlanta, GA; Dallas, TX; and Portland, OR in late 2009. NVivo 8.0 was used for analysis. Most providers had no experience with pregnant women severely affected by influenza. Many perceived the 2009 H1N1 pandemic to be limited and mild. Providers knew that pregnant women should receive the 2009 H1N1 vaccine and reported plans to vaccinate more patients than the previous season. Most knew CDC guidelines for antiviral treatment and prophylaxis, but some reported hesitancy with presumptive treatment. Although awareness of influenza's potential to cause severe illness in pregnant women was observed, providers' experience and comfort with influenza prevention and treatment was suboptimal. Sustained efforts to educate prenatal care providers about influenza in pregnancy through trusted channels are critical. C1 [Mersereau, Patricia W.] SciMetrika, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mersereau, Patricia W.] SciMetrika LLC, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Layton, Christine M.; Smith, Lucia Rojas; Amoozegar, Jacqueline B.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kendrick, Juliette S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mersereau, PW (reprint author), SciMetrika, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pgm5@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 479 EP 485 DI 10.1007/s10995-011-0753-5 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 879YJ UT WOS:000299370400024 PM 21350843 ER PT J AU DePasquale, JM Freeman, K Amin, MM Park, S Rivers, S Hopkins, R Cannon, MJ Dy, B Dollard, SC AF DePasquale, John M. Freeman, Karen Amin, Minal M. Park, Sohyun Rivers, Samantha Hopkins, Richard Cannon, Michael J. Dy, Bonifacio Dollard, Sheila C. TI Efficient Linking of Birth Certificate and Newborn Screening Databases for Laboratory Investigation of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Preterm Birth: Florida, 2008 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Record linkage; Newborn screening; DBS; Dried blood spots; Preterm birth; Congenital CMV infection ID DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; PREMATURE-INFANT; HEARING-LOSS; CMV INFECTION; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS; CARE AB The objectives of this study are (1) to design an accurate method for linking newborn screening (NBS) and state birth certificate databases to create a de-identified study database; (2) To assess maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence by measuring CMV IgG in newborn dried blood spots; (3) To assess congenital CMV infection among newborns and possible association with preterm birth. NBS and birth databases were linked and patient records were de-identified. A stratified random sample of records based on gestational age was selected and used to retrieve blood spots from the state NBS laboratory. Serum containing maternal antibodies was eluted from blood spots and tested for the presence of CMV IgG. DNA was extracted from blood spots and tested for the presence of CMV DNA. Analyses were performed with bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Linkage rates and specimen collection exceeded 98% of the total possible yielding a final database with 3,101 newborn blood spots. CMV seroprevalence was 91% among Black mothers, 83% among Hispanic mothers, 59% among White mothers, and decreased with increasing amounts of education. The prevalence of CMV infection in newborns was 0.45% and did not vary significantly by gestational age. Successful methods for database linkage, newborn blood spots collection, and de-identification of records can serve as a model for future congenital exposure surveillance projects. Maternal CMV seroprevalence was strongly associated with race/ethnicity and educational level. Congenital CMV infection rates were lower than those reported by other studies and lacked statistical power to examine associations with preterm birth. C1 [Amin, Minal M.; Park, Sohyun; Cannon, Michael J.; Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DePasquale, John M.] LBJ Trop Med Ctr, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA. [Freeman, Karen; Rivers, Samantha; Hopkins, Richard] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Dy, Bonifacio] Florida Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL 32202 USA. RP Dollard, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Sgd5@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 16 IS 2 BP 486 EP 494 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0740-2 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 879YJ UT WOS:000299370400025 PM 21203810 ER PT J AU Ding, Y Zangwill, KM Hay, JW Allred, NJ Yeh, SH AF Ding, Yao Zangwill, Kenneth M. Hay, Joel W. Allred, Norma J. Yeh, Sylvia H. TI Cost-Benefit Analysis of In-Hospital Influenza Vaccination of Postpartum Women SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PREGNANT-WOMEN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; WORKING ADULTS; INFANTS; HEALTHY; IMPACT; POPULATION; PREVENTION; VACCINES AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the potential economic benefits associated with hospital-based postpartum influenza vaccination. METHODS: We constructed a decision analysis model to estimate the potential cost benefit of this strategy from both a societal perspective and a third-party perspective. We included a hypothetical cohort of 1.47 million U.S. postpartum women, assuming an influenza season beginning September 1 and ending April 30. Probabilities and costs were derived from published literature, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data, and expert recommendations. We used one-way and two-way sensitivity analyses. All cost estimates were inflated to year 2010 U.S. dollars and discounted at a 3% annual discount rate. RESULTS: From the societal perceptive, the expected costs per vaccinated and unvaccinated mother were $328.45 and $341.02 respectively, resulting in an expected net benefit of $12.57 per vaccinated mother. The overall savings in the cohort were predicted to range from $3.69 to $14.75 million, depending on the vaccination coverage rate. This strategy would be cost-beneficial, holding all other variables to the base case, if the annual maternal influenza attack rate is more than 2.8%, influenza vaccine efficacy is more than 47%, or if vaccine acquisition and administration cost per dose are less than $32.78. The strategy would not generate net savings from the third-party perspective. Sensitivity analyses were robust, but disease incidence and vaccine efficacy were important drivers. CONCLUSION: Our model suggests that postpartum influenza vaccination is a cost-beneficial approach for prevention of maternal and infantile influenza from a societal perspective. (Obstet Gynecol 2012;119:306-14) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318242af27 C1 [Hay, Joel W.] Univ So Calif, Leonard Schaeffer Ctr Hlth Policy & Econ, UGW Unit A, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst Harbor UCLA, UCLA Ctr Vaccine Res, Torrance, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hay, JW (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Leonard Schaeffer Ctr Hlth Policy & Econ, UGW Unit A, Univ Pk Campus, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM jhay@usc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [1U01IP000192] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Award 1U01IP000192. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 119 IS 2 BP 306 EP 314 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318242af27 PN 1 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 883AF UT WOS:000299604300016 PM 22270282 ER PT J AU Fan, AZ Li, Y Zhang, XZ Klein, R Mokdad, AH Saaddine, JB Balluz, L AF Fan, Amy Z. Li, Yan Zhang, Xinzhi Klein, Ronald Mokdad, Ali H. Saaddine, Jinan B. Balluz, Lina TI Alcohol Consumption, Drinking Pattern, and Self-Reported Visual Impairment SO OPHTHALMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alcohol consumption; Drinking; Vision acuity; Visual impairment ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; BEAVER DAM EYE; MACULAR DEGENERATION; RISK-FACTORS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; VISION IMPAIRMENT; PREVALENCE; SMOKING; ADULTS AB Purpose: To examine whether alcohol drinking status and drinking pattern are associated with self-reported visual impairment. Methods: We used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based telephone health survey conducted by random-digit dialing among non-institutionalized US adults. The Visual Impairment and Access to Eye Care module was implemented among 42, 713 adults aged 50 years and older in 2005 and 2006. Visual impairment was defined as any degree of difficulty experienced in recognizing a friend across the street or reading print in newspaper, magazine, recipe, menu, or numbers on the telephone with usual correction. Drinking patterns included drinking quantity (drinks per drinking day), frequency (drinking days in the past month), and binge drinking. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, smoking status, Body Mass Index, history of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and eye diseases, current drinking status was not associated with distance and/or near vision impairment. However, drinking more than 1 drink per drinking day (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.09-1.35) and binge drinking (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14-1.53) were associated with visual impairment among current drinkers. Conclusion: Among current drinkers, drinking patterns were significantly associated with near and distance vision impairment. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm whether drinkers who drink beyond drinking guidelines, especially binge drinkers, are at higher risk of visual impairment than those who drink at lower levels. C1 [Fan, Amy Z.; Li, Yan; Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, OSELS, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zhang, Xinzhi; Saaddine, Jinan B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Klein, Ronald] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fan, AZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, OSELS, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM afan@cdc.gov OI Klein, Ronald/0000-0002-4428-6237 NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0928-6586 J9 OPHTHAL EPIDEMIOL JI Ophthalmic Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 19 IS 1 BP 8 EP 15 DI 10.3109/09286586.2011.591037 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 884JH UT WOS:000299700400003 PM 22273354 ER PT J AU Magill, SS Fridkin, SK AF Magill, Shelley S. Fridkin, Scott K. TI Improving Surveillance Definitions for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in an Era of Public Reporting and Performance Measurement SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFECTIONS C1 [Magill, Shelley S.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fridkin, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sfridkin@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP 378 EP 380 DI 10.1093/cid/cir833 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 876SM UT WOS:000299128000016 PM 22247301 ER PT J AU Sawatwong, P Chittaganpitch, M Hall, H Peruski, LF Xu, XY Baggett, HC Fry, AM Erdman, DD Olsen, SJ AF Sawatwong, Pongpun Chittaganpitch, Malinee Hall, Henrietta Peruski, Leonard F. Xu, Xiyan Baggett, Henry C. Fry, Alicia M. Erdman, Dean D. Olsen, Sonja J. TI Serology as an Adjunct to Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for Surveillance of Acute Respiratory Virus Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADULTS C1 [Sawatwong, Pongpun; Peruski, Leonard F.; Baggett, Henry C.; Olsen, Sonja J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chittaganpitch, Malinee] Minist Publ Hlth, NIH, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Hall, Henrietta; Xu, Xiyan; Fry, Alicia M.; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peruski, Leonard F.; Baggett, Henry C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM sco2@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP 445 EP 446 DI 10.1093/cid/cir710 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 876SM UT WOS:000299128000027 PM 22057703 ER PT J AU Flamme, GA Stephenson, MR Deiters, K Tatro, A VanGessel, D Geda, K Wyllys, K McGregor, K AF Flamme, Gregory A. Stephenson, Mark R. Deiters, Kristy Tatro, Amanda VanGessel, Devon Geda, Kyle Wyllys, Krista McGregor, Kara TI Typical noise exposure in daily life SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hearing loss; noise-induced; occupational noise; environmental exposure ID TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHIFT; BEHAVIOR; HEARING; LATENT AB Objective: Identify the distribution of typical noise levels present in daily life and identify factors associated with average sound levels. Design: This was an observational study. Study sample: Participants (N = 286) were 20 to 68 year old men and women, drawn from the general population of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. A total of 73 000 person-hours of noise monitoring were conducted. Results: Median overall daily average levels were 79 and 77 dBLeq(A,8,equiv), with average levels exceeding EPA recommended levels for 70% of participants. Median levels were similar between the hours of 9 a.m. and 9 p.m., and varied little across days of the week. Gender, occupational classification, and history of occupational noise exposure were related to average noise levels, but age, educational attainment, and non-occupational noise exposures were not. Conclusions: A large portion of the general population is exposed to noise levels that could result in long-term adverse effects on hearing. Gender and occupation were most strongly related to exposure, though most participants in this study had occupations that are not conventionally considered noisy. C1 [Flamme, Gregory A.; Deiters, Kristy; Tatro, Amanda; VanGessel, Devon; Geda, Kyle; Wyllys, Krista; McGregor, Kara] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Stephenson, Mark R.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Flamme, GA (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 1903 Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. EM greg.flamme@wmich.edu FU CDC/NIOSH [211-2009-31218] FX The authors thank Chas Pudrith, Lydia Baldwin, and Emma Trabue for their assistance with data collection for this study. We also thank Peter B. Shaw (NIOSH Taft Laboratories, Cincinnati, Ohio) for his many helpful insights regarding data analyses for the current project. This project was supported by CDC/NIOSH contract number 211-2009-31218. Portions of this work were presented at the National Hearing Conservation Association Annual Conference, Mesa, USA, February, 2011. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 SU 1 BP S3 EP S11 DI 10.3109/14992027.2011.635316 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 880DL UT WOS:000299384800002 PM 22264061 ER PT J AU Meinke, DK Morata, TC AF Meinke, Deanna K. Morata, Thais C. TI Awarding and promoting excellence in hearing loss prevention SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hearing loss prevention; hearing conservation; noise-induced hearing loss; occupational health and safety; recognition program ID NOISE EXPOSURE; HEALTH; PROGRAM AB Objective: To describe the rationale and creation of a national award to recognize and promote hearing loss prevention. Design: In 2007, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health partnered with the National Hearing Conservation Association to create the Safe-in-Sound Excellence in Hearing Loss Prevention Award (TM) (www.safeinsound.us). The objectives of this initiative were to recognize organizations that document measurable achievements and to share leading edge information to a broader community. Results: An expert committee developed specific and explicit award evaluation criteria of excellence in hearing loss prevention for organizations in different industrial sectors. The general approach toward award criteria was to incorporate current 'best practices' and familiar benchmarks of hearing loss prevention programs. This approach was reviewed publicly. In addition, mechanisms were identified to measure the impact of the award itself. Interest in the award was recorded through the monitoring of the visitor traffic registered by the award web site and is increasing yearly. Specific values and strategies common across award winners are presented. Conclusion: The Safe-in-Sound Award (TM) has obtained high quality field data; identified practical solutions, disseminated successful strategies to minimize the risk of hearing loss, generated new partnerships, and shared practical solutions with others in the field. C1 [Meinke, Deanna K.] Univ No Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Meinke, DK (reprint author), Univ No Colorado, Campus Box 140, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. EM Deanna.Meinke@unco.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 SU 1 BP S63 EP S70 DI 10.3109/14992027.2011.633569 PG 8 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 880DL UT WOS:000299384800008 PM 22264064 ER PT J AU Murphy, WJ Flamme, GA Meinke, DK Sondergaard, J Finan, DS Lankford, JE Khan, A Vernon, J Stewart, M AF Murphy, William J. Flamme, Gregory A. Meinke, Deanna K. Sondergaard, Jacob Finan, Donald S. Lankford, James E. Khan, Amir Vernon, Julia Stewart, Michael TI Measurement of impulse peak insertion loss for four hearing protection devices in field conditions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hearing protection devices; impulse noise; noise reduction rating; noise-induced hearing loss ID STANDARD LABORATORY PROTOCOL; AUDITORY RISK; NOISE EXPOSURE; ATTENUATION AB Objective: In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed an impulse noise reduction rating (NRR) for hearing protection devices based upon the impulse peak insertion loss (IPIL) methods in the ANSI S12.42-2010 standard. This study tests the ANSI S12.42 methods with a range of hearing protection devices measured in field conditions. Design: The method utilizes an acoustic test fixture and three ranges for impulse levels: 130-134, 148-152, and 166-170 dB peak SPL. For this study, four different models of hearing protectors were tested: Bilsom 707 Impact II electronic earmuff, E.A.R Pod Express, E.A.R Combat Arms version 4, and the Etymotic Research, Inc. Electronic BlastPLG (TM) EB1. Study sample: Five samples of each protector were fitted on the fixture or inserted in the fixture's ear canal five times for each impulse level. Impulses were generated by a 0.223 caliber rifle. Results: The average IPILs increased with peak pressure and ranged between 20 and 38 dB. For some protectors, significant differences were observed across protector examples of the same model, and across insertions. Conclusions: The EPA's proposed methods provide consistent and reproducible results. The proposed impulse NRR rating should utilize the minimum and maximum protection percentiles as determined by the ANSI S12.42-2010 methods. C1 [Murphy, William J.; Khan, Amir; Vernon, Julia] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Flamme, Gregory A.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Meinke, Deanna K.; Finan, Donald S.] Univ No Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Sondergaard, Jacob] GRAS Sound & Vibrat, Twinsburg, OH USA. [Lankford, James E.] No Illinois Univ, Allied Hlth & Commun Disorders Dept, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Stewart, Michael] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wjm4@cdc.gov FU U.S. EPA [DW75921973-01-0] FX The authors acknowledge the contributions of NIOSH student interns Brian Kim and Joseph Echt for their assistance with the data analysis. The authors also acknowledge the contributions of the members of the Acoustical Society of America, Accredited Standards Committee S12 for Noise, Working Group 11 for their diligence in producing the ANSI S12.42-2010 standard. Portions of this work were supported by the U.S. EPA Interagency Agreement DW75921973-01-0. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 51 SU 1 BP S31 EP S42 DI 10.3109/14992027.2011.630330 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 880DL UT WOS:000299384800005 PM 22176308 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Watson, KB Harris, C Barbour, KE AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Watson, Kathleen B. Harris, Carmen Barbour, Kamil E. TI State-Specific Prevalence of No Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Adults With and Without Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1641-1645, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WOMEN C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Arthrit Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Watson, Kathleen B.; Harris, Carmen] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barbour, Kamil E.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hootman, JM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Arthrit Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 5 BP 447 EP 449 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 884SH UT WOS:000299728000010 ER PT J AU Martin, R Jankovic, D Goel, A Mulders, M Dabbagh, A Khetsuriani, N Ogbuanu, I AF Martin, Rebecca Jankovic, Dragan Goel, Ajay Mulders, Mick Dabbagh, Alya Khetsuriani, Nino Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu TI Increased Transmission and Outbreaks of Measles-European Region, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1605-1610, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID ELIMINATION C1 [Khetsuriani, Nino; Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Martin, Rebecca; Jankovic, Dragan; Goel, Ajay; Mulders, Mick] WHO, Reg Off Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Dabbagh, Alya] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Khetsuriani, N (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nkhetsuriani@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 5 BP 450 EP 452 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 884SH UT WOS:000299728000011 ER PT J AU Ogden, CL Carroll, MD Kit, BK Flegal, KM AF Ogden, Cynthia L. Carroll, Margaret D. Kit, Brian K. Flegal, Katherine M. TI Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in Body Mass Index Among US Children and Adolescents, 1999-2010 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; ADIPOSITY; BMI AB Context The prevalence of childhood obesity increased in the 1980s and 1990s but there were no significant changes in prevalence between 1999-2000 and 2007-2008 in the United States. Objectives To present the most recent estimates of obesity prevalence in US children and adolescents for 2009-2010 and to investigate trends in obesity prevalence and body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional analyses of a representative sample (N=4111) of the US child and adolescent population (birth through 19 years of age) with measured heights and weights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of high weight-for-recumbent length (>= 95th percentile on the growth charts) among infants and toddlers from birth to 2 years of age and obesity (BMI >= 95th percentile of the BMI-for-age growth charts) among children and adolescents aged 2 through 19 years. Analyses of trends in obesity by sex and race/ethnicity, and analyses of trends in BMI within sex-specific age groups for 6 survey periods (1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, and 2009-2010) over 12 years. Results In 2009-2010, 9.7% (95% CI, 7.6%-12.3%) of infants and toddlers had a high weight-for-recumbent length and 16.9% (95% CI, 15.4%-18.4%) of children and adolescents from 2 through 19 years of age were obese. There was no difference in obesity prevalence among males (P=.62) or females (P=.65) between 2007-2008 and 2009-2010. However, trend analyses over a 12-year period indicated a significant increase in obesity prevalence between 1999-2000 and 20092010 in males aged 2 through 19 years (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.10) but not in females (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.07) per 2-year survey cycle. There was a significant increase in BMI among adolescent males aged 12 through 19 years (P=.04) but not among any other age group or among females. Conclusion In 2009-2010, the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents was 16.9%; this was not changed compared with 2007-2008. JAMA. 2012;307(5):483-490 Published online January 17, 2012. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.40 C1 [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Kit, Brian K.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ogden, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4414, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cogden@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013 NR 32 TC 148 Z9 164 U1 6 U2 193 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 5 BP 483 EP 490 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.40 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 884SH UT WOS:000299728000029 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Carroll, MD Kit, BK Ogden, CL AF Flegal, Katherine M. Carroll, Margaret D. Kit, Brian K. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID OVERWEIGHT; EPIDEMIC; POPULATION; AMERICANS; HEALTH; FAT AB Context Between 1980 and 1999, the prevalence of adult obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 30) increased in the United States and the distribution of BMI changed. More recent data suggested a slowing or leveling off of these trends. Objective To estimate the prevalence of adult obesity from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and compare adult obesity and the distribution of BMI with data from 1999-2008. Design, Setting, and Participants NHANES includes measured heights and weights for 5926 adult men and women from a nationally representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized US population in 2009-2010 and for 22 847 men and women in 1999-2008. Main Outcome Measures The prevalence of obesity and mean BMI. Results In 2009-2010 the age-adjusted mean BMI was 28.7 (95% CI, 28.3-29.1) for men and also 28.7 (95% CI, 28.4-29.0) for women. Median BMI was 27.8 (inter-quartile range [IQR], 24.7-31.7) for men and 27.3 (IQR, 23.3-32.7) for women. The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 35.5% (95% CI, 31.9%-39.2%) among adult men and 35.8% (95% CI, 34.0%-37.7%) among adult women. Over the 12-year period from 1999 through 2010, obesity showed no significant increase among women overall (age-and race-adjusted annual change in odds ratio [AOR], 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.03; P=.07), but increases were statistically significant for non-Hispanic black women (P=.04) and Mexican American women (P=.046). For men, there was a significant linear trend (AOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06; P<.001) over the 12-year period. For both men and women, the most recent 2 years (2009-2010) did not differ significantly (P=.08 for men and P=.24 for women) from the previous 6 years (20032008). Trends in BMI were similar to obesity trends. Conclusion In 2009-2010, the prevalence of obesity was 35.5% among adult men and 35.8% among adult women, with no significant change compared with 2003-2008. JAMA. 2012;307(5):491-497 Published online January 17, 2012. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.39 C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Kit, Brian K.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4315, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 33 TC 2217 Z9 2254 U1 21 U2 292 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 5 BP 491 EP 497 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.39 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 884SH UT WOS:000299728000030 PM 22253363 ER PT J AU Kim, C Nyoka, R Ahmed, JA Winchell, JM Mitchell, SL Njenga, MK Auko, E Burton, W Breiman, RF Eidex, RB AF Kim, Curi Nyoka, Raymond Ahmed, Jamal A. Winchell, Jonas M. Mitchell, Stephanie L. Njenga, M. Kariuki Auko, Erick Burton, Wagacha Breiman, Robert F. Eidex, Rachel B. TI Epidemiology of Respiratory Infections Caused by Atypical Bacteria in Two Kenyan Refugee Camps SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Refugee health; Atypical bacteria; Atypical pneumonia; PCR ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; CLINICAL-COURSE AB Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella spp. are common causes of atypical pneumonia; however, data about these atypical pathogens are limited in the refugee setting. Paired nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens were collected from patients with respiratory illness presenting to healthcare centers in two refugee camps in Kenya. The specimens were tested for C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, and Legionella spp. as well as eight respiratory viruses. Atypical pathogens were detected in 5.5% of the specimens of which 54% were co-infected with at least one of the eight viruses tested. Patients positive for atypical bacteria co-infected with virus were significantly more likely to have severe acute respiratory illness than patients infected with only atypical bacteria (P = 0.04). While the percentage of atypical pathogens identified was lower than expected, we found a significant relationship between atypical bacterial-viral co-infection and severity of disease in this refugee population. C1 [Nyoka, Raymond; Ahmed, Jamal A.; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Breiman, Robert F.; Eidex, Rachel B.] CDC Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kim, Curi; Winchell, Jonas M.; Mitchell, Stephanie L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Auko, Erick] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Burton, Wagacha] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Eidex, RB (reprint author), CDC Kenya, KEMRI Complex,Mbagathi Rd Mbagathi Way,POB 606-00, Nairobi, Kenya. EM reidex@ke.cdc.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 140 EP 145 DI 10.1007/s10903-011-9494-1 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 876QR UT WOS:000299123200016 PM 21701900 ER PT J AU Blackard, JT Ma, G Welge, JA Martin, CM Sherman, KE Taylor, LE Mayer, KH Jamieson, DJ AF Blackard, Jason T. Ma, Gang Welge, Jeffrey A. Martin, Christina M. Sherman, Kenneth E. Taylor, Lynn E. Mayer, Kenneth H. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Analysis of a non-structural gene reveals evidence of possible hepatitis C virus (HCV) compartmentalization SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on HIV and Hepatitis Co-Infection CY JUN, 2009 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL DE NS5B; HVR1; diversity; quasispecies; extrahepatic replication ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; INTERNAL RIBOSOME ENTRY; QUASI-SPECIES PRESENT; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; FREQUENT COMPARTMENTALIZATION; INTERFERON THERAPY; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTED PATIENTS AB Viral diversity is a hallmark of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, only limited data are available regarding HCV variability in extrahepatic sites, and none have systematically compared diversity in non-structural and structural genomic regions. Therefore, HCV diversity in the NS5B and envelope 1 (E1) hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) genes was evaluated in matched sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 13 HCV-infected women. Multiple clonal sequences were compared to evaluate quasispecies diversity and viral compartmentalization in PBMCs. Genetic distances were higher for E1/HVR1 compared to NS5B in both the sera and PBMCs (P = 0.0511 and 0.0284). Genetic distances were higher in serum NS5B compared to PBMC NS5B (P = 0.0003); however, they were not different when comparing E1/HVR1 in sera to PBMCs. By phylogenetic analysis of NS5B, evidence of possible PBMC compartmentalization was observed for one woman, while statistical methods were consistent with PBMC compartmentalization for six women. Evidence of compartmentalization within a non-structural genomic region may suggest that viral adaptation to a unique extracellular microenvironment(s) may be required for efficient replication and could contribute to HCV persistence. J. Med. Virol. 84:242-252, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Blackard, Jason T.; Ma, Gang; Martin, Christina M.; Sherman, Kenneth E.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Digest Dis, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Welge, Jeffrey A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Welge, Jeffrey A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Taylor, Lynn E.; Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Taylor, Lynn E.; Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blackard, JT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Digest Dis, Dept Internal Med, ML 0595, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM jason.blackard@uc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI42853, P30 AI042853, P30-AI42851, P30 AI042851]; NIDA NIH HHS [R21 DA022148, R21 DA022148-02, R21DA022148-01]; PHS HHS [U64/CCU106795] NR 68 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 84 IS 2 BP 242 EP 252 DI 10.1002/jmv.22269 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 861ZQ UT WOS:000298060000010 PM 22170544 ER PT J AU Trang, NV Luan, LT Kim-Anh, LT Hau, VT Nhung, LT Phasuk, P Setrabutr, O Shirley, H Vinje, J Anh, DD Mason, CJ AF Trang, Nguyen V. Luan, Le T. Kim-Anh, Le T. Hau, Vu T. B. Nhung, Le T. H. Phasuk, Pimmnapar Setrabutr, Orntipa Shirley, Hannah Vinje, Jan Anh, Dang D. Mason, Carl J. TI Detection and molecular characterization of noroviruses and sapoviruses in children admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis in Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE norovirus; sapovirus; children; gastroenteritis; Vietnam ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; CHI-MINH-CITY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS; HUMAN CALICIVIRUSES; ROTAVIRUS DIARRHEA; SOUTH-KOREA; INFANTS; THAILAND AB Noroviruses (NoV) and sapoviruses (SaV) are recognized as important causes of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. In this study, the prevalence and genetic variability of NoV and SaV were determined in hospitalized children < 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 501 fecal specimens collected between November-2007 and October-2008, that previously had been tested for rotavirus (RV), were tested for NoV and SaV by realtime RT-PCR. Positive samples were genotyped by conventional RT-PCR followed by sequencing. GII NoV was detected in 180 (36%) and SaV in 7 (1.4%) of the samples. NoV was detected year-round ranging from 9.5% in April to 81.5% in September among RV negative samples. NoV GII.4 Minerva (2006b) was the dominant genotype (93%) with a few other genotypes detected including GII.3 (4.4%), GII.13 (1.7%), and GII.2 (0.6%) but no GI strains. Only GI and GII SaV strains were detected in this study. No difference in NoV prevalence between age groups was noted. Frequency of vomiting or fever was similar between children with NoV and RV infection, yet, NoV caused diarrhea with longer duration. In conclusion, NoV is the second most frequent cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children in North Vietnam. J. Med. Virol. 84:290-297, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Trang, Nguyen V.; Kim-Anh, Le T.; Hau, Vu T. B.; Nhung, Le T. H.; Anh, Dang D.] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Luan, Le T.] Ctr Res & Prod Vaccines & Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Phasuk, Pimmnapar; Setrabutr, Orntipa; Mason, Carl J.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Shirley, Hannah; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anh, DD (reprint author), Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM ducanhnihe@hn.vnn.vn; carl.mason@afrims.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675; MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 FU Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development [106.99.182.09]; AFRIMS; CDC, Atlanta FX Grant sponsor: The Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (partial; PI Dang Duc Anh); Grant number: 106.99.182.09; Grant sponsor: AFRIMS and CDC, Atlanta. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 84 IS 2 BP 290 EP 297 DI 10.1002/jmv.23185 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 861ZQ UT WOS:000298060000016 PM 22170550 ER PT J AU Duraisamy, R Rota, PA Palani, G Elango, V Sambasivam, M Lowe, L Lopareva, E Ramamurty, N AF Duraisamy, Raja Rota, Paul A. Palani, Gunasekaran Elango, Varalakshmi Sambasivam, Mohana Lowe, Luis Lopareva, Elena Ramamurty, Nalini TI Molecular characterization of wild-type measles viruses in Tamil Nadu, India, during 2005-2006: Relationship of genotype D8 strains from Tamil Nadu to global strains SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE measles virus; measles genotypes; molecular epidemiology; transmission pathways ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; ELIMINATION; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCES; JAPAN AB Molecular characterization of measles viruses is a valuable tool for measuring the effectiveness of measles control and elimination programmes. WHO recommends that virological surveillance be conducted during all phases of measles control to document circulation of indigenous strains and trace future importation. This report describes the genetic characterization of wild type measles viruses from Tamil Nadu, India isolated between January 2005 and January 2006. In the study, 304 suspected measles cases (292 from 56 outbreaks and 12 sporadic cases) were investigated. Blood samples were collected from suspected measles outbreaks and 11 suspected sporadic cases and tested for the presence of measles and rubella specific IgM. Based on serological results, 53 outbreaks were confirmed as measles, 2 as a combination of measles and rubella, and 1 negative for both. Eight sporadic cases were confirmed as measles and one as rubella. Throat swab and urine samples were collected for virus isolation and 28 isolates were obtained. Sequencing and analysis showed that 3 isolates belonged to genotype D4 and 25 to genotype D8. Comparison of the genotype D8 sequences from Tamil Nadu with previously reported genotype D8 sequences from India and abroad showed six distinct clusters with Tamil Nadu strains forming two clusters. This study has established baseline molecular data and is the first report that describes genetic diversity of circulating measles strains in Tamil Nadu, a state in India. D8 has multiple lineages and this has been linked with importation of measles into the USA and UK. J. Med. Virol. 84:348-357, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Duraisamy, Raja; Palani, Gunasekaran; Elango, Varalakshmi; Sambasivam, Mohana; Ramamurty, Nalini] WHO, Natl Reference Lab Measles & Rubella, King Inst Prevent Med, Dept Virol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. [Rota, Paul A.; Lowe, Luis; Lopareva, Elena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Rubella Mumps & Herpes Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Immunizat & Vaccine Dev, World Hlth Org, S E Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. King Inst Prevent Med, Dept Virol, WHO Natl Reference Lab Measles & Rubella, Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Duraisamy, R (reprint author), WHO, Natl Reference Lab Measles & Rubella, King Inst Prevent Med, Dept Virol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. EM raja_king2k@yahoo.com; nalinirama@hotmail.com NR 36 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 84 IS 2 BP 348 EP 357 DI 10.1002/jmv.22244 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 861ZQ UT WOS:000298060000024 PM 22170558 ER PT J AU Park, S Blanck, HM Sherry, B Brener, N O'Toole, T AF Park, Sohyun Blanck, Heidi M. Sherry, Bettylou Brener, Nancy O'Toole, Terrence TI Factors Associated with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among United States High School Students SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION; FOOD-INTAKE; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; DIETARY; YOUTH; PATTERNS; WEIGHT; RISK; VALIDITY AB This cross-sectional study examined associations of demographic characteristics, weight status, availability of school vending machines, and behavioral factors with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, both overall and by type of SSB, among a nationally representative sample of high school students. The 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study data for 11,209 students (grades 9-12) were used. SSB intake was based on intake of 4 nondiet beverages [soda, other (i.e., fruit-flavored drinks, sweetened coffee/tea drinks, or flavored milk), sports drinks, and energy drinks]. Nationwide, 64.9% of high school students drank SSB >= 1 time/d, 35.6% drank SSB >= 2 times/d, and 22.2% drank SSB >= 3 times/d. The most commonly consumed SSB was regular soda. Factors associated with a greater odds for high SSB intake (>= 3 times/d) were male gender [OR = 1.66(95% CI = 1.41,1.95); P < 0.05], being non-Hispanic black [OR = 1.87(95% CI = 1.52, 2.29); P < 0.05], eating at fast-food restaurants 1-2 d/wk or eating there >= 3 d/wk [OR = 1.25 (95% CI = 1.05, 1.50); P < 0.05 and OR = 2.94 (95% CI = 2.31, 3.75); P < 0.05, respectively] and watching television >2 h/d [OR = 1.70 (95% CI = 1.44, 2.01); P < 0.051. Non-Hispanic other/multiracial [OR = 0.67 195% CI = 0.47, 0.951; P < 0.051 and being physically active >= 60 min/d on <5 d/wk were associated with a lower odds for high SSB intake [OR = 0.85 (95% CI = 0.76, 0.95); P < 0.05]. Weight status was not associated with SSB intake. Differences in predictors by type of SSB were small. Our findings of significant associations of high SSB intake with frequent fast-food restaurant use and sedentary behaviors may be used to tailor intervention efforts to reduce SSB intake among high-risk populations. J. Nutr. 142: 306-312, 2012. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Blanck, Heidi M.; Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brener, Nancy; O'Toole, Terrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 142 IS 2 BP 306 EP 312 DI 10.3945/jn.111.148536 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 880LN UT WOS:000299408700016 PM 22223568 ER PT J AU Yamada, S Shinya, K Takada, A Ito, T Suzuki, T Suzuki, Y Le, QM Ebina, M Kasai, N Kida, H Horimoto, T Rivailler, P Chen, LM Donis, RO Kawaoka, Y AF Yamada, Shinya Shinya, Kyoko Takada, Ayato Ito, Toshihiro Suzuki, Takashi Suzuki, Yasuo Le, Quynh Mai Ebina, Masahito Kasai, Noriyuki Kida, Hiroshi Horimoto, Taisuke Rivailler, Pierre Chen, Li Mei Donis, Ruben O. Kawaoka, Yoshihiro TI Adaptation of a Duck Influenza A Virus in Quail SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTININ FUSION PEPTIDE; SIALIC-ACID RECEPTORS; HUMAN AIRWAY; SOUTHEASTERN CHINA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; JAPANESE-QUAIL; HONG-KONG; BINDING; NEURAMINIDASE AB Quail are thought to serve as intermediate hosts of influenza A viruses between aquatic birds and terrestrial birds, such as chickens, due to their high susceptibility to aquatic-bird viruses, which then adapt to replicate efficiently in their new hosts. However, does replication of aquatic-bird influenza viruses in quail similarly result in their efficient replication in humans? Using sialic acid-galactose linkage-specific lectins, we found both avian (sialic acid-alpha 2-3-galactose [Sia alpha 2-3Gal] linkages on sialyloligosaccharides)- and human (Sia alpha 2-6Gal)-type receptors on the tracheal cells of quail, consistent with previous reports. We also passaged a duck H3N2 virus in quail 19 times. Sequence analysis revealed that eight mutations accumulated in hemagglutinin (HA) during these passages. Interestingly, many of the altered HA amino acids found in the adapted virus are present in human seasonal viruses, but not in duck viruses. We also found that stepwise stalk deletion of neuraminidase occurred during passages, resulting in reduced neuraminidase function. Despite some hemagglutinin mutations near the receptor binding pocket, appreciable changes in receptor specificity were not detected. However, reverse-genetics-generated viruses that possessed the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of the quail-passaged virus replicated significantly better than the virus possessing the parent HA and neuraminidase in normal human bronchial epithelial cells, whereas no significant difference in replication between the two viruses was observed in duck cells. Further, the quail-passaged but not the original duck virus replicated in human bronchial epithelial cells. These data indicate that quail can serve as intermediate hosts for aquatic-bird influenza viruses to be transmitted to humans. C1 [Yamada, Shinya; Horimoto, Taisuke; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis, Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Shinya, Kyoko; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Kobe Univ, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Takada, Ayato] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Global Epidemiol, Res Ctr Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Ito, Toshihiro] Tottori Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Vet Publ Hlth, Tottori 680, Japan. [Suzuki, Takashi] Univ Shizuoka, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Biochem, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan. [Suzuki, Yasuo] Chubu Univ, Coll Life & Hlth Sci, Kasugai, Aichi 487, Japan. [Suzuki, Takashi; Suzuki, Yasuo] Univ Shizuoka, Global COE Program Innovat Human Hlth Sci, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan. [Le, Quynh Mai] NIHE, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Ebina, Masahito] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Resp Med, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Kasai, Noriyuki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Inst Anim Experimentat, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Kida, Hiroshi] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Vet Med, Dept Dis Control, Microbiol Lab, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Kida, Hiroshi] Hokkaido Univ, Res Ctr Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Rivailler, Pierre; Chen, Li Mei; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan. RP Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. EM kawaoka@imsu-tokyo.ac.jp RI Kida, Hiroshi/F-7244-2012; Takada, Ayato/A-6679-2012 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM62116]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology; Ministry of Health; ERATO (Japan Science and Technology Agency); Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO); Global Center of Excellence (G-COE) for Education and Research on Signal Transduction (Japan Science and Technology Agency); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Public Health Service FX The glycan microarray was produced for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by using a glycan library generously provided by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics funded by National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant GM62116. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research; by a contract research fund for the Program of Founding Research Centers for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology; by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Health; by ERATO (Japan Science and Technology Agency); and by Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) and the Global Center of Excellence (G-COE) for Education and Research on Signal Transduction (Japan Science and Technology Agency); as well as by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Public Health Service research grants. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 1411 EP 1420 DI 10.1128/JVI.06100-11 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 879CT UT WOS:000299308000013 PM 22090115 ER PT J AU Giles, BM Bissel, SJ Craigo, JK DeAlmeida, DR Wiley, CA Tumpey, TM Ross, TM AF Giles, Brendan M. Bissel, Stephanie J. Craigo, Jodi K. DeAlmeida, Dilhari R. Wiley, Clayton A. Tumpey, Terrence M. Ross, Ted M. TI Elicitation of Anti-1918 Influenza Virus Immunity Early in Life Prevents Morbidity and Lower Levels of Lung Infection by 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus in Aged Mice SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID B-CELL MEMORY; A VIRUS; ADAMANTANE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; PLAQUE ASSAY; IN-VITRO; ANTIBODIES; RESPONSES; VACCINE; HEMAGGLUTININ AB The Spanish influenza virus pandemic of 1918 was responsible for 40 million to 50 million deaths and is antigenically similar to the swine lineage 2009 pandemic influenza virus. Emergence of the 2009 pandemic from swine into humans has raised the possibility that low levels of cross-protective immunity to past shared epitopes could confer protection. In this study, influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) were engineered to express the hemagglutinin (HA) and genes from the 1918 influenza virus to evaluate the duration of cross-protection to the H1N1 pandemic strain by vaccinating young mice (8 to 12 weeks) and then allowing the animals to age to 20 months. This immunity was long lasting, with homologous receptor-blocking antibodies detected throughout the lifespan of vaccinated mice. Furthermore, the 1918 VLPs fully protected aged mice from 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus challenge 16 months after vaccination. Histopathological assessment showed that aged vaccinated mice had significant protection from alveolar infection but less protection of the bronchial tissue than adult vaccinated mice. Additionally, passive transfer of immune serum from aged vaccinated mice resulted in protection from death but not morbidity. This is the first report describing the lifelong duration of cross-reactive immune responses elicited by a 1918 VLP vaccine in a murine model. Importantly, these lifelong immune responses did not result in decreased total viral replication but did prevent infection of the lower respiratory tract. These findings show that immunity acquired early in life can restrict the anatomical location of influenza viral replication, rather than preventing infection, in the aged. C1 [Giles, Brendan M.; Craigo, Jodi K.; DeAlmeida, Dilhari R.; Ross, Ted M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Vaccine Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Giles, Brendan M.; Ross, Ted M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Program Immunol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Bissel, Stephanie J.; Wiley, Clayton A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Div Neuropathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Craigo, Jodi K.; Ross, Ted M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ross, TM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Vaccine Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM tmr15@pitt.edu FU NIH [T32AI060525, U01AI077771, GM083602]; Center for Vaccine Research; Pennsylvania Department of Health FX This work was supported by an NIH training grant award, T32AI060525, to B. M. G., grants U01AI077771 and GM083602 to T. M. R., and the Center for Vaccine Research. In addition, T. M. R. was partially supported by a grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Health. The department specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions. NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 1500 EP 1513 DI 10.1128/JVI.06034-11 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 879CT UT WOS:000299308000020 PM 22130546 ER PT J AU Xu, P Luthra, P Li, Z Fuentes, S D'Andrea, JA Wu, JG Rubin, S Rota, PA He, BA AF Xu, Pei Luthra, Priya Li, Zhuo Fuentes, Sandra D'Andrea, James Alexander Wu, Jianguo Rubin, Steven Rota, Paul A. He, Biao TI The V Protein of Mumps Virus Plays a Critical Role in Pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYSTEINE-RICH DOMAIN; MESSENGER-RNA; PARAMYXOVIRUS SIMIAN-VIRUS-5; INTERFERON-BETA; OUTBREAK; GENE; DEGRADATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB Mumps virus (MuV) causes an acute infection in humans characterized by a wide array of symptoms ranging from relatively mild manifestations, such as parotitis, to more-severe complications, such as meningitis and encephalitis. Widespread mumps vaccination has reduced mumps incidence dramatically; however, outbreaks still occur in vaccinated populations. The V protein of MuV, when expressed in cell culture, blocks interferon (IFN) expression and signaling and interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling. In this work, we generated a recombinant MuV incapable of expressing the V protein (rMuV Delta V). The rescued MuV was derived from a clinical wild-type isolate from a recent outbreak in the United States (MuV(Iowa/US/06), G genotype). Analysis of the virus confirmed the roles of V protein in blocking IFN expression and signaling and IL-6 signaling. We also found that the rMuV(Iowa/US/06)Delta V virus induced high levels of IL-6 expression in vitro, suggesting that V plays a role in reducing IL-6 expression. In vivo, the rMuV(Iowa/US/06)Delta V virus was highly attenuated, indicating that the V protein plays an essential role in viral virulence. C1 [Xu, Pei; Luthra, Priya; Li, Zhuo; Fuentes, Sandra; D'Andrea, James Alexander; He, Biao] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Xu, Pei; Luthra, Priya] Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad, Program Cell & Dev Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wu, Jianguo; He, Biao] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Virol, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Wu, Jianguo; He, Biao] Wuhan Univ, Chinese French Liver Dis Res Inst, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Rubin, Steven] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP He, BA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bhe@uga.edu FU NIH [K02 065795]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30928001] FX This work has been supported by grants from NIH (K02 065795) and National Natural Science Foundation of China Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar-B Plan (No. 30928001 to B.H. and J.W.) NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 86 IS 3 BP 1768 EP 1776 DI 10.1128/JVI.06019-11 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 879CT UT WOS:000299308000043 PM 22090137 ER PT J AU Harris, J Lockhart, S Chiller, T AF Harris, Julie Lockhart, Shawn Chiller, Tom TI Cryptococcus gattii: where do we go from here? SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Cryptococcus gattii; review ID NEOFORMANS VAR. GATTII; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; HIV-ASSOCIATED CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; NORTH-WESTERN INDIA; APPARENTLY IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENTS; FUNGAL PATHOGEN CRYPTOCOCCUS; KOALA PHASCOLARCTOS-CINEREUS; DOLPHIN TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; VANCOUVER-ISLAND OUTBREAK; IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITIES AB Infections caused by the emerging pathogen Cryptococcus gattii are increasing in frequency in North America. During the past decade, interest in the pathogen has continued to grow, not only in North America but also in other areas of the world where infections have recently been documented. This review synthesizes existing data and raises issues that remain to be addressed. C1 [Harris, Julie; Lockhart, Shawn; Chiller, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. RP Harris, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C 09, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. EM ggt5@cdc.gov NR 238 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 EI 1460-2709 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 BP 113 EP 129 DI 10.3109/13693786.2011.607854 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 876FS UT WOS:000299093600001 PM 21939343 ER PT J AU Lott, TJ Frade, JP Lyon, GM Iqbal, N Lockhart, SR AF Lott, Timothy J. Frade, Joao P. Lyon, G. Marshall Iqbal, Naureen Lockhart, Shawn R. TI Bloodstream and non-invasive isolates of Candida glabrata have similar population structures and fluconazole susceptibilities SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candida glabrata; antifungal resistance; population structure; MLST ID MULTICENTER SURVEILLANCE; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; RESISTANCE; HOSPITALS; MECHANISM; REVEALS; TRENDS AB We have compared multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and fluconazole susceptibility profiles of Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates obtained during active, population-based surveillance to those obtained from non-sterile sites of individuals with no evidence of fungal disease (i.e., non-invasive isolates) in the same US city during an overlapping time period. In each of the two populations, different proportions of the same six major sequence types (STs) encompassed 82% of the isolates. One ST was more prevalent in the candidemia population and two other STs were more prevalent in the non-invasive population, but the overall allelic frequencies within the groups suggested little, if any, genotypic diversity between them. Fluconazole susceptibility profiles of isolates from the patients in the two groups were not significantly different and were not associated with a particular sequence type. Our results support the hypothesis that C. glabrata strains causing bloodstream infections are genetically indistinguishable from those normally residing in/on the host, suggesting that relative pathogenicity may be closely tied to commensalism. C1 [Lott, Timothy J.; Frade, Joao P.; Iqbal, Naureen; Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lyon, G. Marshall] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G 11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov FU Merck FX The authors report no conflicts of interest, except for GML who received funding from Merck. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 50 IS 2 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.3109/13693786.2011.592153 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 876FS UT WOS:000299093600003 PM 21838617 ER PT J AU Kincaid, EZ Che, JW York, I Escobar, H Reyes-Vargas, E Delgado, JC Welsh, RM Karow, ML Murphy, AJ Valenzuela, DM Yancopoulos, GD Rock, KL AF Kincaid, Eleanor Z. Che, Jenny W. York, Ian Escobar, Hernando Reyes-Vargas, Eduardo Delgado, Julio C. Welsh, Raymond M. Karow, Margaret L. Murphy, Andrew J. Valenzuela, David M. Yancopoulos, George D. Rock, Kenneth L. TI Mice completely lacking immunoproteasomes show major changes in antigen presentation SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; CLASS-I MOLECULES; T-CELL REPERTOIRE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PROTEASOMES; EXPRESSION; PEPTIDES; EPITOPE; GENERATION AB The importance of immunoproteasomes to antigen presentation has been unclear because animals totally lacking immunoproteasomes had not been available. Having now developed mice lacking the three immunoproteasome catalytic subunits, we found that the dendritic cells of these mice had defects in presenting several major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I epitopes. During viral infection in vivo, the presentation of a majority of MHC class I epitopes was markedly reduced in immunoproteasome-deficient animals compared with wild-type animals, whereas presentation of MHC class II peptides was unaffected. According to mass spectrometry, the repertoire of MHC class I-presented peptides was similar to 50% different from that in wild-type mice, and these differences were sufficient to stimulate robust transplant rejection of wild-type cells in mutant mice. These results indicated that immunoproteasomes were more important in antigen presentation than previously thought. C1 [Kincaid, Eleanor Z.; Che, Jenny W.; Welsh, Raymond M.; Rock, Kenneth L.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [York, Ian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Mol Virol & Vaccine Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Escobar, Hernando; Reyes-Vargas, Eduardo; Delgado, Julio C.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, ARUP Inst Clin & Expt Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Karow, Margaret L.; Murphy, Andrew J.; Valenzuela, David M.; Yancopoulos, George D.] Regeneron Pharmaceut Inc, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA. RP Rock, KL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. EM kenneth.rock@umassmed.edu OI Reyes-Vargas, Eduardo/0000-0003-3984-9274; Murphy, Andrew/0000-0003-4152-4081; York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU University of Massachusetts Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center core resources [DK32520]; US National Institutes of Health [5R01A1020248-29, 5T32A107349-19, T32CA130807-02, R37AI017672, R01AI081675, U01-AI073871] FX We thank J. Monaco (University of Cincinnati) for beta 2i-deficient mice; L. Van Kaer (Vanderbilt University School of Medicine) for beta 1i singly deficient mice; C. Perreault (University of Montreal), with permission from H. J. Fehling (University Clinics Ulm) for beta 5i singly deficient mice; B. J. Fowlkes (US National Institutes of Health) for C57BL/6 H-Y-transgenic mice; N. Shastri (University of California, Berkeley) for11p9z cells; E. Raines (University of Washington) for plasmid pBMN-IRES-Lyt2a; M. Green (University of Massachusetts Medical School) for Phoenix cells and plasmids; Yewdell and Bennick (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health) for H-2Kb exon 8-specific antiserum; F. Cruz and D. Farfan (University of Massachusetts Medical School) for the RF33.70-LUC and 12.64-CD8 alpha CD8 beta-LUC cell lines; D. Palliyaguru for doing many of the in vivo cytotoxicity experiments; and L. Stern and Z. Shen for advice and reagents for optimizing the mass spectrometry. This work was supported by University of Massachusetts Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center core resources (DK32520; K. L. R., member) and by funding from the US National Institutes of Health (5R01A1020248-29 to K. L. R. and E. Z. K., 5T32A107349-19 and T32CA130807-02 to E. Z. K., R37AI017672 and R01AI081675 to R. M. W. and J.W.C., and U01-AI073871 to J.W.C.). NR 30 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1529-2908 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 13 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1038/ni.2203 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 879FL UT WOS:000299315000009 ER PT J AU Dulek, DE Donofrio, PD Sejvar, JJ Edwards, KM AF Dulek, Daniel E. Donofrio, Peter D. Sejvar, James J. Edwards, Kathryn M. TI ENTEROVIRAL MENINGITIS AND CONCURRENT PERIPHERAL MOTOR AXONAL POLYNEUROPATHY SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE enterovirus infections; Guillain-Barre syndrome; influenza vaccines; viral meningitis; axonal polyneuropathy ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; INFECTION AB Enteroviral infections can cause acute flaccid paralysis resulting from anterior myelitis, but the occurrence of axonal polyneuropathy is not well described. We report an 8-year-old boy who presented with symmetric, ascending flaccid paralysis and was diagnosed with concurrent echovirus type 9 viral meningitis. C1 [Dulek, Daniel E.; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Donofrio, Peter D.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Nashville, TN USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dulek, Daniel E.; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Monroe Carell Jr Childrens Hosp Vanderbilt, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Nashville, TN USA. RP Edwards, KM (reprint author), 1161 21st Ave S,CCC 5323MCN, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM kathryn.edwards@vanderbilt.edu OI Dulek, Daniel/0000-0002-1821-6657 FU NIH; CDC; Novartis FX K.M.E. supported by research funding during the past 2 years from the NIH, CDC, and Novartis. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 206 EP 208 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31823a0d6e PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 879GA UT WOS:000299316500026 PM 22016083 ER PT J AU Hsieh, YC Tsao, KC Huang, CG Tong, SX Winchell, JM Huang, YC Shia, SH Lai, SH Lin, TY AF Hsieh, Yu-Chia Tsao, Kuo-Chien Huang, Chung-Guei Tong, Suxiang Winchell, Jonas M. Huang, Yhu-Chering Shia, Shao-Hsuan Lai, Shen-Hao Lin, Tzou-Yien TI LIFE-THREATENING PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY MACROLIDE-RESISTANT MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumonia; macrolide resistant; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; adult respiratory distress syndrome ID PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; INFECTION; CHILDREN; THERAPY; STRAINS; BOY; PCR AB Two siblings had pneumonia caused by macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae as determined by polymerase chain reaction and serology. One of them developed adult respiratory distress syndrome and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. This report highlights the need for studies to evaluate the optimal treatment in severe cases of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae pneumonia. C1 [Hsieh, Yu-Chia; Huang, Yhu-Chering; Shia, Shao-Hsuan; Lai, Shen-Hao; Lin, Tzou-Yien] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp,Dept Pediat, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Tsao, Kuo-Chien; Huang, Chung-Guei] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Tong, Suxiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Huang, YC (reprint author), Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, 5 Fu Hsin St, Kwei Shan Hsiang 333, Taoyuan County, Taiwan. EM ychuang@adm.cgmh.org.tw NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 208 EP 209 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318234597c PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 879GA UT WOS:000299316500027 PM 21941216 ER PT J AU Garg, S Fry, AM Patton, M Fiore, AE Finelli, L AF Garg, Shikha Fry, Alicia M. Patton, Monica Fiore, Anthony E. Finelli, Lyn TI Antiviral Treatment of Influenza in Children SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; antiviral treatment; oseltamivir; children ID A H1N1 VIRUS; LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR OSELTAMIVIR; RESPIRATORY-TRACT COMPLICATIONS; CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN AB Influenza causes substantial morbidity in children in the United States each year. The 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic disproportionately affected the pediatric population and resulted in a substantially increased number of hospitalizations and deaths among children. Early influenza antiviral treatment reduces the duration of illness, frequency of complications, antibiotic use, and health care utilization costs attributable to influenza. A comprehensive strategy to reduce influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths among children should include empiric antiviral treatment for suspected or confirmed influenza of any severity in children who are hospitalized; who have severe, complicated, or progressive illness; or who are at high risk for influenza complications. Here, we summarize data on the burden of influenza among children in the United States, the indications for influenza antiviral treatment among children, the available evidence for influenza antiviral treatment, and antiviral treatment considerations, including resistance and adverse events. C1 [Garg, Shikha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garg, Shikha; Fry, Alicia M.; Patton, Monica; Fiore, Anthony E.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Garg, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM izj7@cdc.gov NR 126 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP E43 EP E51 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31824671ab PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 879GA UT WOS:000299316500002 PM 22252215 ER PT J AU Gargano, LM Thacker, N Choudhury, P Weiss, PS Pazol, K Bahl, S Jafari, HS Arora, M Orenstein, WA Hughes, JM Omer, SB AF Gargano, Lisa M. Thacker, Naveen Choudhury, Panna Weiss, Paul S. Pazol, Karen Bahl, Sunil Jafari, Hamid S. Arora, Manisha Orenstein, Walter A. Hughes, James M. Omer, Saad B. TI Attitudes of Pediatricians and Primary Health Center Physicians in India Concerning Routine Immunization, Barriers to Vaccination, and Missed Opportunities to Vaccinate SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE routine immunization; missed opportunities; India; attitudes; physicians ID POLIO ERADICATION AB Background: India has some of the lowest immunization rates in the world. The objective of this study was to determine the attitudes and practices of pediatricians and physicians working in primary health centers (PHCs) regarding routine immunization and identify correlates of missed opportunities to vaccinate children. We focused on Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, which has faced some of the greatest challenges to achieving high routine immunization coverage. Methods: A sample of pediatricians from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar was selected from the national membership of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics to participate in either a phone or mail survey. For the sampling frame, the PHCs within selected blocks were enumerated to provide a list from which individuals could be randomly sampled. In all, 614 PHCs in Uttar Pradesh and 159 PHCs were selected for in-person surveys. Results: The response rate for pediatricians was 47% (238/505) and 93% for PHC physicians (719/773). The greatest barrier to vaccinating children with routine immunizations, reported by both pediatricians (95.7%) and PHC physicians (95.1%), was parents' lack of awareness of their importance. Correlates of missing an opportunity to vaccinate for PHC physicians included holding other health care workers responsible for vaccination. PHC physicians were 50% to 70% less likely to vaccinate a child themselves if they thought another type of health care worker was responsible. Conclusions: Future interventions to increase vaccination coverage should address parental knowledge about the importance of vaccines. Understanding and addressing factors associated with missed opportunities to vaccinate may help improve vaccine coverage in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. C1 [Gargano, Lisa M.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Hughes, James M.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Thacker, Naveen; Choudhury, Panna] Indian Acad Pediat, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Weiss, Paul S.] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pazol, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bahl, Sunil; Jafari, Hamid S.] WHO, Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi, India. [Arora, Manisha] St Stephens Hosp, Delhi, India. [Omer, Saad B.] Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gargano, LM (reprint author), 1462 Clifton Rd,Room 446, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lgargan@emory.edu RI Omer, Saad/K-1182-2012 OI Omer, Saad/0000-0002-5383-3474 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [50230]; Emory University FX Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: This work was funded by grant 50230 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose.; The authors thank our survey participants, Dianne Miller and Ashley Freeman at Emory University for their administrative support, and Executive Board members of Indian Academy of Pediatric, and St. Stephens Hospital survey team staff including Vipin Gupta. They also thank the National Polio Surveillance Project and the governments of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP E37 EP E42 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182433bb3 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 879GA UT WOS:000299316500001 PM 22252214 ER PT J AU Larson, TC Holiday, DB Antao, VC Thomas, J Pinheiro, G Kapil, V Franzblau, A AF Larson, Theodore C. Holiday, David B. Antao, Vinicius C. Thomas, Jerry Pinheiro, Germania Kapil, Vikas Franzblau, Alfred TI Comparison of Digital with Film Radiographs for the Classification of Pneumoconiotic Pleural Abnormalities SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chest radiographs; pneumoconiosis; digital radiographs; receiver-operating characteristic curves; kappa ID PHOSPHOR COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY; HIGH AGREEMENT; LOW KAPPA; IDENTIFICATION; PARADOXES; ASBESTOS; EXPOSURE; WORKERS; LIBBY AB Rationale and Objectives: Analog film radiographs are typically used to classify pneumoconiosis to allow comparison with standard film radiographs. The aim of this study was to determine if digital radiography is comparable to film for the purpose of classifying pneumoconiotic pleural abnormalities. Materials and Methods: Subjects were 200 asbestos-exposed patients, from whom digital and film chest radiographs were obtained along with chest high-resolution computed tomographic scans. Using a crossover design, radiographs were independently read on two occasions by seven readers, using conventional International Labour Organization standards for film and digitized standards for digital. High-resolution computed tomographic scans were read independently by three readers. Areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves were calculated using high-resolution computed tomographic ratings as the gold standard for disease status. Mixed linear models were fit to estimate the effects of order of presentation, occasion, and modality, treating the seven readers as a random effect. Comparing digital and film radiography for each reader and occasion, crude agreement and agreement beyond chance (kappa) were also calculated. Results: The linear models showed no statistically significant sequence effect for order of presentation (P = .73) or occasion (P = .28). Most important, the difference between modalities was not statistically significant (digital vs film, P = .54). The mean area under the curve for film was 0.736 and increased slightly to 0.741 for digital. Mean crude agreement for the presence of pleural abnormalities consistent with pneumoconiosis across all readers and occasions was 78.3%, while the mean kappa value was 0.49. Conclusions: These results indicate that digital radiography is not statistically different from analog film for the purpose of classifying pneumoconiotic pleural abnormalities, when appropriate standards are used. C1 [Larson, Theodore C.; Antao, Vinicius C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Thomas, Jerry] Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Wichita, KS 67214 USA. [Holiday, David B.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pinheiro, Germania] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kapil, Vikas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Franzblau, Alfred] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Larson, TC (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tlarson@cdc.gov RI Antao, Vinicius/B-5395-2013 OI Antao, Vinicius/0000-0002-8201-9973 FU Fujifilm FX We thank Lee Petsonk, of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and West Virginia University, for encouraging this study at every stage and commenting on study design. We also thank our B and HRCT readers for their dedication, enthusiasm, and good humor: George Delclos, Chip Gilkeson, Jeff Kanne, Jim Lockey, Cris Meyer, Jack Parker, Ken Rosenman, Bob Shepherd, and Paul Stark. For making this project possible through their technical support and consultation, we thank the Clinical Sciences Department at Fujifilm Medical Systems: Gregg Cretella, Steve Hendrickson, Kathy Pitura, and Virginia Wentz. We also thank Brent Michael at NDS Surgical Imaging for the use of the displays used in this study. Image collection was made possible by Brad Black and Kim Rouse at the Center for Asbestos Related Disease, whom we thank for their support and patience. We thank the radiology department at Saint John's Lutheran Hospital in Libby, Montana, for their fine work and collaboration: David Broderick, Brandon Huff, Grant Crawford, Nathan Elliott, Lenn Haas, Betty Textor, Anna Dlask, Frank Lucas, Hannah Huck, Keith Howard, Sherry Fairbrother, and Stephen Becker. For their assistance with collecting reading data, we thank RTI International staff members Debbie Capps, Melissa Hobbes, Paul Pulliam, Adam Sage, and Sara Zuckerbraun; for programming and analysis support, we thank Ellen Bishop and Kat Asman. We mourn the loss of Jud Gurney, who served as a reader for this study, and of George Spahn of Fujifilm, whose support and vision made this study possible. Finally, we thank the Center for Asbestos Related Disease patients for their consideration to participate in this study. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1076-6332 J9 ACAD RADIOL JI Acad. Radiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 131 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.acra.2011.10.002 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 878HC UT WOS:000299245100002 PM 22098943 ER PT J AU Kit, BK Ogden, CL Flegal, KM AF Kit, Brian K. Ogden, Cynthia L. Flegal, Katherine M. TI Prescription Medication Use Among Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Adults, United States, 2005-2008 SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Obesity; Prescriptions ID ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS; BODY-MASS INDEX; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; OLDER-ADULTS; HEALTH; GUIDELINES; IMPACT; COSTS; PREVENTABILITY AB PURPOSE: We sought to describe differences between normal weight, overweight, and obese adults in use of specific prescription medication classes. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of prescription medication use among 9789 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative sample of the United States. RESULTS: In 2005-2008, 56.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 54.6-58.3) of adults used 1+ prescription medication. Approximately one-quarter of adults used a hypertension medication (26.1%; 95% CI, 24.5%-27.8%). The use of hypertension medications increased with increasing weight status (normal weight: 17.2%; 95% CI, 15.6%-18.8%; overweight: 24.5%, 95% CI, 22.6%-26.4%; and obese: 35.1%, 95% CI, 32.8%-37.4%). Similarly, lipid-lowering, analgesic, antidepressant, proton pump inhibitors, thyroid, diabetes, and bronchodilator medication use was greater among obese compared with normal weight adults (each p < .01). Among adults 65+ years, 72% (95% CI, 68.2%-75.8%) of men and 67.7% (95% CI, 64.3%-71.2%) of women used a hypertension medication and a majority of men (51.2%, 95% CI, 48.4%-54%) and 40.3% (95% CI, 36.8%-43.8%) of women used lipid lowering medications; the use of both was greater among obese adults compared to normal weight adults (both p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Obese adults in the United States use several prescription medication classes more frequently, than normal weight adults, including hypertension, lipid-lowering, and diabetes medications. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:112-119. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kit, Brian K.; Ogden, Cynthia L.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kit, Brian K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kit, Brian K.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Kit, BK (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4419, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM igd0@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 112 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.10.010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 876ZE UT WOS:000299145500006 PM 22100542 ER PT J AU Rocheleau, CM Lawson, CC Whelan, EA Rich-Edwards, JW AF Rocheleau, C. M. Lawson, C. C. Whelan, E. A. Rich-Edwards, J. W. TI Shift work and adverse pregnancy outcomes: comments on a recent meta-analysis SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Rocheleau, C. M.; Lawson, C. C.; Whelan, E. A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Rich-Edwards, J. W.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Connors Ctr Womens Hlth & Gender Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rich-Edwards, J. W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Rocheleau, CM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1470-0328 J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY JI BJOG PD FEB PY 2012 VL 119 IS 3 BP 378 EP 378 DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03211.x PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 875MN UT WOS:000299034700021 PM 22239421 ER PT J AU Alymova, IV Portner, A Mishin, VP McCullers, JA Freiden, P Taylor, GL AF Alymova, Irina V. Portner, Allen Mishin, Vasiliy P. McCullers, Jonathan A. Freiden, Pamela Taylor, Garry L. TI Receptor-binding specificity of the human parainfluenza virus type 1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE binding; glycan array; hemagglutinin-neuraminidase; parainfluenza; receptor ID CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE; N-LINKED GLYCAN; INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; SIALIC-ACID; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MEMBRANE-FUSION; SENDAI VIRUS; PROTEIN; SITE; PARAMYXOVIRUS AB The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein is utilized by human parainfluenza viruses for binding to the host cell. By the use of glycan array assays, we demonstrate that, in addition to the first catalytic-binding site, the HN of human parainfluenza virus type 1 has a second site for binding covered by N-linked glycan. Our data suggest that attachment of the first site to sialic acid (SA)-linked receptors triggers exposure of the second site. We found that both sites bind to alpha 2-3-linked SAs with a preference for a sialyl-Lewis(x) motif. Binding to alpha 2-3-linked SAs with a sulfated sialyl-Lewis motif as well as to alpha 2-8-linked SAs was unique for the second binding site. Neither site recognizes alpha 2-6-linked oligosaccharides. C1 [Alymova, Irina V.; Portner, Allen; McCullers, Jonathan A.; Freiden, Pamela] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Mishin, Vasiliy P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD,CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Taylor, Garry L.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Biomol Sci, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, Scotland. RP Alymova, IV (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM irina.alymova@stjude.org RI Taylor, Garry/G-3017-2014 FU Wellcome Trust; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [PO1 A1054955]; American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC); NIGMS [GM62116] FX This work was supported by The Wellcome Trust and in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant PO1 A1054955) and by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC). The glycan analyses were performed by the Protein-Glycan Interaction Core (H) of the CFG, funded by NIGMS (GM62116). NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD FEB PY 2012 VL 22 IS 2 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.1093/glycob/cwr112 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 876GJ UT WOS:000299095300002 PM 21846691 ER PT J AU Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Garcia-Williams, A Hackbarth, AD Zell, B Baker, GR McCannon, CJ Beltrami, EM Jernigan, JA McDonald, LC Goldmann, DA AF Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Garcia-Williams, Amanda Hackbarth, Andrew D. Zell, Bonnie Baker, G. Ross McCannon, C. Joseph Beltrami, Elise M. Jernigan, John A. McDonald, L. Clifford Goldmann, Donald A. TI Evaluation of Organizational Culture among Different Levels of Healthcare Staff Participating in the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's 100,000 Lives Campaign SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATIENT SAFETY; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; PERFORMANCE; BARRIERS AB BACKGROUND. Little is known about how hospital organizational and cultural factors associated with implementation of quality initiatives such as the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's (IHI) 100,000 Lives Campaign differ among levels of healthcare staff. DESIGN. Evaluation of a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology ("trilogic evaluation model"). SETTING. Six hospitals that joined the campaign before June 2006. PARTICIPANTS. Three strata of staff (executive leadership, midlevel, and frontline) at each hospital. RESULTS. Surveys were completed in 2008 by 135 hospital personnel (midlevel, 43.7%; frontline, 38.5%; executive, 17.8%) who also participated in 20 focus groups. Overall, 93% of participants were aware of the IHI campaign in their hospital and perceived that 58% (standard deviation, 22.7%) of improvements in quality at their hospital were a direct result of the campaign. There were significant differences between staff levels on the organizational culture (OC) items, with executive-level staff having higher scores than midlevel and frontline staff. All 20 focus groups perceived that the campaign interventions were sustainable and that data feedback, buy-in, hardwiring (into daily activities), and leadership support were essential to sustainability. CONCLUSIONS. The trilogic model demonstrated that the 3 levels of staff had markedly different perceptions regarding the IHI campaign and OC. A framework in which frontline, midlevel, and leadership staff are simultaneously assessed may be a useful tool for future evaluations of OC and quality initiatives such as the IHI campaign. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(2):135-143 C1 [Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.; Garcia-Williams, Amanda; Zell, Bonnie; Beltrami, Elise M.; Jernigan, John A.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hackbarth, Andrew D.; McCannon, C. Joseph; Goldmann, Donald A.] Inst Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA USA. [Baker, G. Ross] Univ Toronto, Dept Hlth Policy Management & Evaluat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rls7@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1086/663712 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876CS UT WOS:000299085400006 PM 22227982 ER PT J AU Behrens-Muller, B Conway, J Yoder, J Conover, CS AF Behrens-Muller, Brie Conway, Judith Yoder, Jonathan Conover, Craig S. TI Investigation and Control of an Outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans Bacteremia SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; INFECTIONS; UNIT AB OBJECTIVE. To define the extent of an outbreak of Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia, determine the source of the outbreak, and implement control measures. DESIGN. An outbreak investigation, including environmental and infection control assessment, and evaluation of hypotheses using the binomial distribution and case control studies. SETTING. A 50-bed medical surgical unit in a hospital in Illinois during the period January 1-July 15, 2006. INTERVENTIONS. Discontinuation of use of opioid delivery via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) until the source of the outbreak was identified and implementation of new protocols to ensure more rigorous observation of PCA pump cartridge manipulations. RESULTS. Calculations based on the binomial distribution indicated the probability that all 9 patients with A. xylosoxidans bacteremia were PCA pump users by chance alone was < .001. A subsequent case control study identified PCA pump use for administration of morphine as a risk factor for A. xylosoxidans bacteremia (odds ratio, undefined; P < .001). Having a PCA pump cartridge with morphine started by nurse C was significantly associated with becoming a case-patient (odds ratio, 46; 95% confidence interval, 4.0-525.0; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS. We hypothesize that actions related to diversion of morphine by nurse C were the likely cause of the outbreak. An aggressive pain control program involving the use of opioid medication warrants an equally aggressive policy to prevent diversion of medication by staff. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(2):180-184 C1 [Behrens-Muller, Brie; Conway, Judith; Conover, Craig S.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Yoder, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Conover, CS (reprint author), 122 S Michigan Ave,7th Floor, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. EM craig.conover@illinois.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Prevention Service FX This outbreak investigation was supported by an appointment to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Prevention Service Fellowship (to J.Y.). NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 180 EP 184 DI 10.1086/663710 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876CS UT WOS:000299085400012 PM 22227988 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, L Dellinger, A Degutis, L AF Paulozzi, Leonard Dellinger, Ann Degutis, Linda TI Lessons from the past SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY C1 [Paulozzi, Leonard; Dellinger, Ann; Degutis, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Paulozzi, L (reprint author), CDC El Paso Quarantine Stn, 601 Sunland Pk Dr,Suite 200, El Paso, TX 79912 USA. EM lbp4@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 18 IS 1 BP 70 EP 70 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040294 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 879JU UT WOS:000299326300015 PM 22210643 ER PT J AU Winer, RA Qin, XT Harrington, T Moorman, J Zahran, H AF Winer, Rachel A. Qin, Xiaoting Harrington, Theresa Moorman, Jeanne Zahran, Hatice TI Asthma Incidence among Children and Adults: Findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-back Survey-United States, 2006-2008 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Excerpts from the Occupational and Environmental CY NOV, 2010 CL Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, ISRAEL HO Tel Aviv Univ DE asthma; Asthma Call-back Survey; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; epidemiology; incidence; surveillance ID PREVALENCE AB Background. Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition affecting 8.2% of the US population (2009), causes significant societal and economic burden, resulting in missed school/work days, activity limitations, and increased healthcare utilization. Annual asthma prevalence estimates are available from national surveys, but these surveys have not routinely collected asthma incidence data that are important for identifying risk factors and trends in rates of disease onset. The Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS), implemented in 2006, provides detailed asthma data that supplement Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. We analyzed BRFSS and ACBS data to estimate annual asthma incidence and to determine whether these rates differed by age group, sex, and race/ethnicity. Methods. BRFSS and ACBS data from the participating states during 2006-2008 (24 states and District of Columbia [DC] in 2006; 34 states and DC in 2007 and 2008) were analyzed to calculate 12-month incidence rates. Incident cases of asthma were defined as people diagnosed with asthma by a healthcare provider within 12 months prior to survey participation. Results. Estimated asthma incidence among at-risk adults was 3.8/1000, whereas that among at-risk children was 12.5/1000. Incidence among children aged 0-4 years was 23.4/1000,more than five times greater than that among youth aged 12-17 years (4.4/1000). Adult females had 1.8 times greater asthma incidence than adult males (4.9/1000 vs. 2.8/1000, respectively). Incidence among non-Hispanic (NH) White adults was 3.9/1000, among NH non-White adults was 3.2/1000, and among Hispanic adults was 4.0/1000. Conclusions. This is the first successful application of the BRFSS-ACBS during 2006-2008 to estimate asthma incidence rates from participating states and DC. As with known patterns in asthma prevalence, we found that asthma incidence was higher in children than adults, higher in younger children than older children and adolescents, and higher in adult females than adult males. However, we were unable to identify statistically significant differences in asthma incidence among most race/ethnic groups. As additional data on asthma incidence become available from the ACBS, these rates, coupled with ACBS data on symptoms, asthma self-management practices, and healthcare utilization, may help asthma control programs identify risk factors for disease development and target asthma prevention and control measures to populations most affected. C1 [Winer, Rachel A.; Qin, Xiaoting; Harrington, Theresa; Moorman, Jeanne; Zahran, Hatice] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Winer, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-58, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM kbq3@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 11 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD FEB PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.637594 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 875SD UT WOS:000299054100006 PM 22236442 ER PT J AU Zahran, HS Person, CJ Bailey, C Moorman, JE AF Zahran, Hatice S. Person, Cara J. Bailey, Cathy Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Predictors of Asthma Self-Management Education among Children and Adults-2006-2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-back Survey SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Excerpts from the Occupational and Environmental CY NOV, 2010 CL Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, ISRAEL HO Tel Aviv Univ DE active asthma; adults; asthma; asthma education; asthma episodes/attacks; children; self-management ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ADULTS; CARE AB Background. Patient self-management, besides expert care, is necessary to improve health outcomes among persons with asthma. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of persons with asthma likely to receive asthma self-management education. Methods. The 2006 and 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Child and Adult Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) data were analyzed. Binary and multinomial response logistic regression models were used to examine the association between asthma self-management education and explanatory variables. Results. Of the 31,278 persons who ever had asthma, 3953 of the children (75.8%) and 19,723 of the adults (72.8%) were classified as having active asthma. For both children and adults, the three most commonly reported asthma education components were being taught how to use an inhaler (78.6% and 89.8%, respectively); being taught what to do during an asthma episode (86.3% and 74.6%); and to recognize early signs or symptoms of an asthma episode (82.0% and 64.4%). Children and adults who reported routine care visits, hospitalization, and asthma episodes in the past 12 months because of asthma were more likely to report several asthma education components and higher asthma education scores. Children aged 12-17 years were more likely to report having instruction in peak flow meter use (1.3; 1.1-1.6) and inhaler use (1.3; 1.2-1.4), whereas older adults (aged 54-64 years or 65+ years), adults who were not high school (HS) graduates, and smokers were less likely to report having asthma management education than the corresponding comparison groups. Conclusions. Having a routine care visit, being hospitalized, and having an asthma episode were significantly associated with reporting multiple asthma education components, whereas being an older adult, having less than a HS degree, and being a smoker were associated with reporting fewer asthma education components. Asthma control programs should continue to monitor asthma self-management education and promote asthma education to all persons with asthma, especially for older adults, persons with less education, and smokers. C1 [Zahran, Hatice S.; Person, Cara J.; Bailey, Cathy; Moorman, Jeanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zahran, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HZahran@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD FEB PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.644012 PG 9 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 875SD UT WOS:000299054100018 PM 22216949 ER PT J AU Knoeller, GE Mazurek, JM Moorman, JE AF Knoeller, Gretchen E. Mazurek, Jacek M. Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Adults with Work-Related and Non-Work-Related Asthma SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Excerpts from the Occupational and Environmental CY NOV, 2010 CL Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, ISRAEL HO Tel Aviv Univ DE asthma; Asthma Call-back Survey; complementary and alternative medicine; work-related asthma ID CALL-BACK-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; THERAPIES; CARE AB Background. The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among adults with current asthma has been estimated to be 40%. To our knowledge, there is no information on the prevalence of CAM use among individuals with work-related asthma (WRA). Objectives. To examine the associations between WRA, CAM use, and adverse asthma events. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2006-2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-Back Survey from 37 states and the District of Columbia for ever-employed adults with current asthma. We defined WRA as health-professional-diagnosed WRA. We calculated prevalence ratios (PRs) adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, health insurance, and geographic region of residence. Results. Of ever-employed adults with current asthma, an estimated 38.1% used CAM and 8.6% had WRA. An estimated 56.6% of individuals with WRA reported using CAM compared with 27.9% of those with non-WRA (PR = 2.0). People with WRA were more likely than those with non-WRA to have adverse asthma events including an asthma attack in the past month (PR = 1.43), urgent treatment for worsening asthma (PR = 1.74), emergency room visit (PR = 1.95), overnight hospital stay (PR = 2.49), and poorly controlled asthma (PR = 1.27). The associations of WRA with adverse asthma events remained after stratifying for CAM use. Conclusions. Compared with non-WRA, individuals with WRA were more likely to use CAM to control their asthma. However, there was no evidence that the use of CAM modified the association of WRA with adverse asthma events. C1 [Knoeller, Gretchen E.; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Knoeller, GE (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ipb8@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD FEB PY 2012 VL 49 IS 1 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.3109/02770903.2011.637597 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 875SD UT WOS:000299054100019 PM 22126603 ER PT J AU Stebleton, MJ Eggerth, DE AF Stebleton, Michael J. Eggerth, Donald E. TI Returning to Our Roots: Immigrant Populations at Work SO JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE immigrant; social justice; multiculturalism; history; reform; discrimination; returning to our roots; immigrant populations at work ID PUBLIC-POLICY; CAREER; PSYCHOLOGISTS; WELL AB This introductory article to the special issue on immigrants and work provides a historical context of the career development profession. Beginning with Parsons and the early reformers of the 1900s, the authors contend that the field was founded on principles of social justice and multiculturalism with an aim toward societal change. Just as helping professionals assisted the new immigrants of the previous century, there is a need and opportunity to be of service to the immigrants of the 21st century. Unique career-related issues for immigrant clients are discussed. An overview of the six pieces in this volume is briefly described along with common themes. C1 [Stebleton, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Postsecondary Teaching & Learning, Coll Educ & Human Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.] Michigan State Univ, Consortium Multicultural Psychol Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Psychol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Stebleton, MJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Dept Postsecondary Teaching & Learning, Coll Educ & Human Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM steb0004@umn.edu NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0894-8453 J9 J CAREER DEV JI J. Career Dev. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1177/0894845311417131 PG 10 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA 876CC UT WOS:000299083600001 ER PT J AU Eggerth, DE DeLaney, SC Flynn, MA Jacobson, CJ AF Eggerth, Donald E. DeLaney, Sheli C. Flynn, Michael A. Jacobson, C. Jeff TI Work Experiences of Latina Immigrants: A Qualitative Study SO JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Latina/o; immigrant workers; multicultural; work experiences; qualitative research ID WOMENS OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; CONSTRUCTION; FATALITIES; INJURIES AB Almost half of the Latino immigrants working in the United States are women. However, studies concerning the work experiences of Latinas are almost absent in the literature. This article reports the findings from a qualitative study using eight focus groups (n = 53) of Latina immigrant workers. The focus group transcripts were analyzed using the grounded theory approach in which themes emerge from iterative readings of the transcripts by a group of investigators. This study identified themes related to excessive workload, familiar work/unfamiliar hazards, cultural tensions, lack of health care, pregnancy, sexual harassment, and family obligations/expectations. The responses of the Latina workers in this study clearly indicated that they live within a complex web of stressors, both as workers and as women. The increased economic opportunities that come with immigration to the United States are accompanied by many opportunities for exploitation, especially if they are undocumented. It is hoped that the findings of this study will raise awareness regarding these issues and spur further work in this area. C1 [Jacobson, C. Jeff] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Anthropol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Jacobson, C. Jeff] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Family & Community Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.; DeLaney, Sheli C.; Flynn, Michael A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Eggerth, DE (reprint author), CDC NIOSH, Training Res & Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM deggerth@cdc.gov OI Jacobson Jr., C. Jeffrey/0000-0001-7072-5777 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0894-8453 J9 J CAREER DEV JI J. Career Dev. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 13 EP 30 DI 10.1177/0894845311417130 PG 18 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA 876CC UT WOS:000299083600002 PM 26346566 ER PT J AU Eggerth, DE Flynn, MA AF Eggerth, Donald E. Flynn, Michael A. TI Applying the Theory of Work Adjustment to Latino Immigrant Workers: An Exploratory Study SO JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE latino immigrants; person-environment fit; Maslow; psychology of work; qualitative; vocational psychology; theory of work adjustment AB Blustein mapped career decision making onto Maslow's model of motivation and personality and concluded that most models of career development assume opportunities and decision-making latitude that do not exist for many individuals from low income or otherwise disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, Blustein argued that these models may be of limited utility for such individuals. Blustein challenged researchers to reevaluate current career development approaches, particularly those assuming a static world of work, from a perspective allowing for changing circumstances and recognizing career choice can be limited by access to opportunities, personal obligations, and social barriers. This article represents an exploratory effort to determine if the theory of work adjustment (TWA) might meaningfully be used to describe the work experiences of Latino immigrant workers, a group living with severe constraints and having very limited employment opportunities. It is argued that there is significant conceptual convergence betwe\en Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the work reinforcers of TWA. The results of an exploratory, qualitative study with a sample of 10 Latino immigrants are also presented. These immigrants participated in key informant interviews concerning their work experiences both in the United States and in their home countries. The findings support Blustein's contention that such workers will be most focused on basic survival needs and suggest that TWA reinforcers are descriptive of important aspects of how Latino immigrant workers conceptualize their jobs. C1 [Eggerth, Donald E.; Flynn, Michael A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.] Michigan State Univ, Consortium Multicultural Psychol Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Eggerth, DE (reprint author), CDC NIOSH, Training Res & Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM deggerth@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0894-8453 J9 J CAREER DEV JI J. Career Dev. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 1 BP 76 EP 98 DI 10.1177/0894845311417129 PG 23 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA 876CC UT WOS:000299083600005 PM 26345693 ER PT J AU Zhao, GX Ford, ES Li, CY Croft, JB AF Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Croft, Janet B. TI Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among US adults with hypertension: the NHANES linked mortality study SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE all-cause mortality; CVD mortality; epidemiology; hypertension; NHANES; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD-PRESSURE; INCIDENT HYPERTENSION; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CANCER RISK; ASSOCIATIONS AB Objectives: Research suggests that serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are inversely associated with hypertension incidence. This study examined whether concentrations of 25(OH) D are inversely associated with mortality risk among US adults with hypertension. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with mortality data obtained through 2006. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Of 2609 participants with hypertension, 191 died (including 68 CVD deaths) during an average of 3.7-year follow-up. Compared with participants with 25(OH) D concentrations in the highest quartile (>= 29 ng/ml), the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.93 (95% CI 1.06-3.49), 1.32 (95% CI 0.85-2.04), and 1.36 (95% CI 0.84-2.22), respectively (P for trend <0.05), and the hazard ratios for CVD mortality were 3.21 (95% CI 1.14-8.99), 2.42 (95% CI 0.85-6.90), and 2.33 (95% CI 0.88-6.12), respectively (P for trend <0.05), in the first (<17 ng/ml), second (17-<23 ng/ml) and third (23-<29 ng/ml) quartiles of 25(OH)D after adjustment for potential confounding variables. Additionally, concentrations of 25(OH)D as a continuous variable were linearly and inversely associated with the risk of mortality from all causes (P = 0.012) and from CVD (P = 0.010). These relationships were not affected much by adjustment for baseline blood pressure and use of antihypertension medications. Conclusion: Concentrations of 25(OH)D were inversely associated with all-cause and CVD mortality among adults with hypertension in the US. Enhancing vitamin D intake may contribute to a lower risk for premature death. C1 [Zhao, Guixiang; Ford, Earl S.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zhao, GX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fwj4@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 30 IS 2 BP 284 EP 289 DI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834e1f0a PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 877HK UT WOS:000299168200008 PM 22179077 ER PT J AU Hampton, LM Farley, MM Schaffner, W Thomas, A Reingold, A Harrison, LH Lynfield, R Bennett, NM Petit, S Gershman, K Baumbach, J Beall, B Jorgensen, J Glennen, A Zell, ER Moore, M AF Hampton, Lee M. Farley, Monica M. Schaffner, William Thomas, Ann Reingold, Arthur Harrison, Lee H. Lynfield, Ruth Bennett, Nancy M. Petit, Susan Gershman, Kenneth Baumbach, Joan Beall, Bernard Jorgensen, James Glennen, Anita Zell, Elizabeth R. Moore, Matthew TI Prevention of Antibiotic-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae With Conjugate Vaccines SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; PENICILLIN SUSCEPTIBILITY BREAKPOINTS; INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; SEROTYPE 19A; NONVACCINE SEROTYPES; RESISTANCE; INFECTIONS; POPULATION; ERA AB f Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) caused approximately 44 000 US invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) cases in 2008. Antibiotic nonsusceptibility complicates IPD treatment. Using penicillin susceptibility breakpoints adopted in 2008, we evaluated antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD trends in light of the introductions of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in 2000 and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2010. Methods. IPD cases were defined by isolation of pneumococcus from a normally sterile site in individuals residing in Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) areas during 1998-2008. Pneumococci were serotyped and tested for antibiotic susceptibility using broth microdilution. Results. During 1998-2008, ABCs identified 43198 IPD cases. Penicillin-nonsusceptible strains caused 6%-14% of IPD cases, depending on age. Between 1998-1999 and 2008, penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD rates declined 64% for children aged < 5 years (12.1-4.4 cases per 100000), and 45% for adults aged >= 65 (4.8-2.6 cases per 100000). Rates of IPD nonsusceptible to multiple antibiotics mirrored these trends. During 2007-2008, serotypes in PCV13 but not PCV7 caused 78%-97% of penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD, depending on age. Conclusions. Antibiotic-nonsusceptible IPD rates remain below pre-PCV7 rates for children < 5 and adults >= 65 years old. PCV13 vaccines hold promise for further nonsusceptibility reductions. C1 [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.; Beall, Bernard; Zell, Elizabeth R.; Moore, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Glennen, Anita] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, New York, NY USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Gershman, Kenneth] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Jorgensen, James] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hampton, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lhampton@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Programs; Office of Antimicrobial Resistance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Emerging Infections Programs and the Office of Antimicrobial Resistance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infections Programs provided funding but made no other contributions to the design and conduct of this study; the collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or the preparation, review, or approval of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 3 BP 401 EP 411 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir755 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 876HA UT WOS:000299097200009 PM 22158567 ER PT J AU Maines, TR Belser, JA Gustin, KM van Hoeven, N Zeng, H Svitek, N von Messling, V Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Maines, Taronna R. Belser, Jessica A. Gustin, Kortney M. van Hoeven, Neal Zeng, Hui Svitek, Nicholas von Messling, Veronika Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Local Innate Immune Responses and Influenza Virus Transmission and Virulence in Ferrets SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A H5N1 VIRUS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; ALPHA-INTERFERON; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; DISEASE; EXPRESSION; CYTOKINE; INDUCTION; SYMPTOMS AB Host innate immunity is the first line of defense against invading pathogens, including influenza viruses. Ferrets are well recognized as the best model of influenza virus pathogenesis and transmission, but little is known about the innate immune response of ferrets after infection with this virus. The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of localized host responses to influenza virus pathogenicity and transmissibility in this model by measuring the level of messenger RNA expression of 12 cytokines and chemokines in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of ferrets infected with H5N1, H1N1, or H3N2 influenza viruses that exhibit diverse virulence and transmissibility in ferrets. We found a strong temporal correlation between inflammatory mediators and the kinetics and frequency of transmission, clinical signs associated with transmission, peak virus shedding, and virulence. Our findings point to a link between localized innate immunity and influenza virus transmission and disease progression. C1 [Maines, Taronna R.; Belser, Jessica A.; Gustin, Kortney M.; van Hoeven, Neal; Zeng, Hui; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Svitek, Nicholas; von Messling, Veronika] Univ Quebec, INRS Inst Armand Frappier, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 2M3, Canada. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ttumpey@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This work was supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (K. M. G.). NR 43 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 3 BP 474 EP 485 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir768 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 876HA UT WOS:000299097200017 PM 22158704 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Lovegrove, MC AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Lovegrove, Maribeth C. TI The Last Mile: Taking the Final Steps in Preventing Pediatric Pharmaceutical Poisonings SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ORAL PRESCRIPTION DRUGS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MEDICATION OVERDOSES; IMPACT C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.; Lovegrove, Maribeth C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 160 IS 2 BP 190 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.09.020 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 876MU UT WOS:000299112400005 PM 22056349 ER PT J AU Boers, D Portengen, L Turner, WE Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB Heederik, D Vermeulen, R AF Boers, Daisy Portengen, Lutzen Turner, Wayman E. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Heederik, Dick Vermeulen, Roel TI Plasma dioxin levels and cause-specific mortality in an occupational cohort of workers exposed to chlorophenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols and contaminants SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHENOXY HERBICIDES; CANCER-MORTALITY; FOLLOW-UP; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; DISEASE AB Background We recently reported increased risks for all cancers and urinary cancers in workers exposed to chlorophenoxy herbicides using data from the Dutch herbicide cohort study. These risks could not be linked to the qualitative exposure proxies available. Here, we re-investigate exposure-response relationships using a (semi) quantitative measure of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure. Methods Plasma TCDD levels of 187 workers were used to develop a predictive model for TCDD exposure. Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate associations between time-varying TCDD exposure and cause-specific mortality. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the impact of key assumptions in exposure assessment. Results Predicted TCDD levels were associated with mortality from all causes (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.13), ischaemic heart disease (IHD; HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.32) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.74). No relationships were found between TCDD exposure and mortality from all cancers, respiratory or urinary cancers, which were previously linked to qualitative proxies of TCDD exposure in this cohort. Sensitivity analyses showed that results were relatively robust to slight changes in exposure estimation. Conclusions Modelled TCDD exposure does not explain the previously reported increased risks for cancer mortality in this cohort except for a possible association with NHL. A small increase in ischaemic heart disease was observed, however we cannot exclude that this finding was due to residual confounding. Although risk estimates for some of the rarer outcomes were still rather imprecise, we do not expect more precise estimates from longer follow-up of this cohort due to the long time-span since last exposure to TCDD. C1 [Boers, Daisy; Portengen, Lutzen; Heederik, Dick; Vermeulen, Roel] Univ Utrecht, Dept Environm Epidemiol, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Turner, Wayman E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hlth Lab Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Netherlands Ctr Nutr & Hlth, Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Protect RIVM, Ctr Nutr & Hlth, Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Vermeulen, R (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Dept Environm Epidemiol, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, POB 80178, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. EM r.c.h.vermeulen@uu.nl RI Vermeulen, Roel/F-8037-2011 OI Vermeulen, Roel/0000-0003-4082-8163 NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 69 IS 2 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.060426 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 879CQ UT WOS:000299307700006 PM 21810927 ER PT J AU Looker, AC Melton, LJ Borrud, LG Shepherd, JA AF Looker, A. C. Melton, L. J., III Borrud, L. G. Shepherd, J. A. TI Changes in femur neck bone density in US adults between 1988-1994 and 2005-2008: demographic patterns and possible determinants SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bone density; Femoral neck; Gender; Race/ethnicity; Secular trends ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; UNITED-STATES; SECULAR TRENDS; PROXIMAL FEMUR; HIP-FRACTURES; PENCIL-BEAM; DXA-SYSTEMS; OLDER WOMEN; NHANES-III; PREVALENCE AB This analysis compares femur neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) and bone determinants in adults between National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) and NHANES 2005-2008. FNBMD was higher in NHANES 2005-2008 than in NHANES III, but between-survey differences varied by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. The likelihood that FNBMD has improved appears strongest for older white women. Recent data on hip fracture incidence and femur neck osteoporosis suggest that the skeletal status of older US adults has improved since the 1990s, but the explanation for these changes remains uncertain. The present study compares mean FNBMD of adults ages 20 years and older between the third (NHANES III, 1988-1994) and NHANES 2005-2008. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry systems (pencil beam in NHANES III, fan beam in NHANES 2005-2008) were used to measure hip BMD, and several bone determinants are compared between surveys to assess their potential role in explaining observed FNBMD differences. FNBMD was higher overall in NHANES 2005-2008 than in NHANES III, but between-survey differences varied by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Although FNBMD differences in several groups were small enough (a parts per thousand currency sign3%) to be attributable to use of different dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) systems in the two surveys, variability in size and direction of the differences does not support artifactual differences in DXA methodology as the sole explanation. Several FNBMD determinants (body size, smoking, selected bone-active medications, self-reported health status, calcium intake, and caffeine consumption) changed in a bone-improving direction in older adults, but FNBMD in older non-Hispanic white women remained significantly higher in 2005-2008 even after adjusting for DXA methodology or for the selected bone determinants. The likelihood that FNBMD has improved appears strongest for older white women, but the reason for the improvement in this group remains unclear. C1 [Looker, A. C.; Borrud, L. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol, Rochester, MN USA. [Shepherd, J. A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Room 4310,3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ALooker@cdc.gov; melton.j@mayo.edu; LBorrud@cdc.gov; john.shepherd@radiology.ucsf.edu NR 32 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 23 IS 2 BP 771 EP 780 DI 10.1007/s00198-011-1623-0 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 879CC UT WOS:000299306300038 PM 21625885 ER PT J AU Scholes, D Satterwhite, CL Yu, O Fine, D Weinstock, H Berman, S AF Scholes, Delia Satterwhite, Catherine L. Yu, Onchee Fine, David Weinstock, Hillard Berman, Stuart TI Long-Term Trends in Chlamydia trachomatis Infections and Related Outcomes in a US Managed Care Population SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; PUBLIC-HEALTH LABORATORIES; UNITED-STATES; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; WOMEN; TESTS; MEN; PREVALENCE AB Background: Given recent increasing case rates of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, we evaluated trends in chlamydia rates and related health outcomes in women and men aged 15 to 44 years who were enrolled in a Pacific Northwest health plan. Methods: We identified chlamydia, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and male urethritis cases occurring annually during 1997-2007 using computerized health plan databases, calculating rates per 100,000 person-years (py) by gender and 5-year age groups. We also calculated annual chlamydia testing rates. Results: In women, chlamydia testing rates increased by approximately 23% (220 tests per 1000 py in 1997 to 270 tests per 1000 in 2007). Chlamydia diagnosis rates rose from 449 cases/100,000 py in 1997 to 806/100,000 in 2007, a 79% increase (P = 0.01). Increases were greatest during 2005-2007, also the period of major conversion to nucleic acid amplification test. PID rates in this interval declined steadily from 823 cases/100,000 py to 473/100,000 (P < 0.01). Ectopic pregnancy rates remained unchanged. In men, chlamydia testing rates increased nearly 3.5-fold, from 12 to 42 tests per 1000 py. Chlamydia rates for men also rose significantly throughout the study interval (from 91 cases/100,000 py to 218/100,000; P < 0.01) as did urethritis diagnosis rates (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Between 1997 and 2007, annual health plan chlamydia rates increased significantly for both women and men. These trends may be due in part to increased testing rates and increased use of more sensitive tests, but they likely do not explain the increased urethritis rates. During this same interval, we observed steady declines in PID rates, consistent with other national data sources. C1 [Scholes, Delia; Yu, Onchee] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Grp Hlth Cooperat, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Satterwhite, Catherine L.; Weinstock, Hillard; Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fine, David] Cardea Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Scholes, D (reprint author), Grp Hlth Res Inst, Grp Hlth Cooperat, 1730 Minor Ave,Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM scholes.d@ghc.org FU Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX Supported by funds from the Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. NR 29 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31823e3009 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 879EE UT WOS:000299311700001 PM 22249294 ER PT J AU Datta, SD Torrone, E Kruszon-Moran, D Berman, S Johnson, R Satterwhite, CL Papp, J Weinstock, H AF Datta, S. Deblina Torrone, Elizabeth Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Berman, Stuart Johnson, Robert Satterwhite, Catherine L. Papp, John Weinstock, Hillard TI Chlamydia trachomatis Trends in the United States Among Persons 14 to 39 Years of Age, 1999-2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; PROGRAM; WOMEN AB Background: We report the first population-based assessment of national trends in chlamydia prevalence in the United States. Methods: We investigated trends in chlamydia prevalence in representative samples of the US population aged 14 to 39 years using data from five 2-year survey cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2008. Prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported stratified by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Percent change in prevalence over this time period was estimated from regression models. Results: In the 2007-2008 cycle, chlamydia prevalence among participants aged 14 to 39 years was 1.6% (95% CI: 1.1%-2.4%). Prevalence was higher among females (2.2%, 95% CI: 1.4%-3.4%) than males (1.1%, 95% CI: 0.7%-1.7%). Prevalence among non-Hispanic black persons was 6.7% (95% CI: 4.6%-9.9%) and was 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6%-3.8%) among adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. Over the five 2-year cycles, there was an estimated 40% reduction (95% CI: 8%-61%) in prevalence among participants aged 14 to 39 years. Decreases in prevalence were notable in men (53% reduction, 95% CI: 19%-72%), adolescents aged 14 to 19 years (48% reduction, 95% CI: 11%-70%), and adolescent non-Hispanic black persons (45%, reduction, 95% CI: 4%-70%). There was no change in prevalence among females aged 14 to 25 years, the population targeted for routine annual screening. Conclusions: On the basis of population estimates of chlamydia prevalence, the overall chlamydia burden in the United States decreased from 1999 to 2008. However, there remains a need to reduce prevalence in populations most at risk and to reduce racial disparities. C1 [Datta, S. Deblina; Torrone, Elizabeth; Berman, Stuart; Johnson, Robert; Satterwhite, Catherine L.; Papp, John; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Torrone, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Proposed, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Datta, SD (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ddatta@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. CDC researchers are responsible for design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31823e2ff7 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 879EE UT WOS:000299311700003 PM 22249296 ER PT J AU Patel, P Bush, T Mayer, KH Desai, S Henry, K Overton, ET Conley, L Hammer, J Brooks, JT AF Patel, Pragna Bush, Tim Mayer, Kenneth H. Desai, Sheila Henry, Keith Overton, Edgar Turner Conley, Lois Hammer, John Brooks, John T. CA SUN Study Investigators TI Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated With Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Infection in a Contemporary Cohort of HIV-Infected Persons in the United States SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; GENITAL HERPES; TYPE-2; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; THERAPY; MEN; ACQUISITION; PREVENTION; HSV-2 AB Background: We compared the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) seroprevalence in a contemporary HIV cohort with the general US population and determined risk factors for HSV-2 infection among HIV-infected persons. Methods: The Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV and AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy (SUN) Study is a prospective observational cohort of 700 HIV-infected adults enrolled in 4 US cities between 2004 and 2006. At baseline, participants completed a behavioral risk questionnaire and provided specimens for HSV-2 serology. We calculated HSV-2 seroprevalence, standardized by age, gender, and race among HIV-infected persons compared with the general US adult population, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 to 2006. We examined risk factors associated with HSV-2 infection among HIV-infected persons using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among 660 (94%) SUN participants with adequate specimens for HSV-2 serologic testing, 548 (83%) were 20 to 49 years old (median age, 39 years; 77% male; 59% non-Hispanic white; median CD4 count, 470 cells/mm(3); 74% with HIV RNA viral loads <400 copies/mL). HSV-2 seroprevalence was significantly higher among HIV-infected adults (59.7%, 95% confidence interval: 55.8-63.6) compared with the general US population (19.2%, 95% confidence interval: 17.5-21.1). In multivariate analysis, we found that older age, female gender, black non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, being currently unemployed, high-risk anal HPV infection, and longer duration since HIV diagnosis were associated with significantly higher odds of HSV-2 infection. Conclusion: HSV-2 seroprevalence is 3 times as high among HIV-infected adults as in the general US population. Clinicians should be aware that increased risk for HSV-2 infection was distributed broadly among HIV-infected persons and not limited to those with high-risk sexual behaviors. C1 [Patel, Pragna; Bush, Tim; Desai, Sheila; Conley, Lois; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Alpert Sch Med, Providence, RI USA. [Henry, Keith] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Overton, Edgar Turner] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO USA. RP Patel, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plp3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636]; Gilead; GSK; Tibotec; Pfizer FX Supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers: 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636. E.T.O. has served as a consultant or on an advisory board for the following companies: Gilead, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Tibotec, Merck, and Monogram Sciences. K.H. has served on the speaker's bureau for GSK and Gilead, on an advisory board for GSK, Gilead, and Pfizer, and has conducted research sponsored by Gilead, GSK, Tibotec, and Pfizer. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 39 IS 2 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318239d7fd PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 879EE UT WOS:000299311700012 PM 22249305 ER PT J AU Pratt, LA Xu, F McQuillan, GM Robitz, R AF Pratt, L. A. Xu, F. McQuillan, G. M. Robitz, R. TI The association of depression, risky sexual behaviours and herpes simplex virus type 2 in adults in NHANES, 2005-2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN FEMALE ADOLESCENTS; TRANSMITTED INFECTION; BIDIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION; SELF-EFFICACY; UNITED-STATES; SYMPTOMS; DISORDERS; PARTNERS; WOMEN AB Objectives Depression has been linked to risky sexual behaviours in adolescents, but there is little research among adults. The goal of this analysis was to examine the associations between current depression and self-reported risky sexual behaviours in a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20-59 years. The authors also examined the association between depression and infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a biological marker of risky sexual behaviours. Methods The authors used data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Current depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Antibodies to HSV-2 were tested using the enzymatic immunodot assay. The authors used logistic regression to examine the associations controlling for socio-demographic variables. Results Among 5273 adults aged 20-59 years, 7% had depression, 36% reported 10 or more lifetime sex partners, 15% had two or more past-year sex partners and 13% had first sex before 15 years of age. Persons with each of the risky sexual behaviours were more likely to have depression than those without. In stratified analyses, risky sexual behaviours were associated with depression in women but not in men. Among 3940 adults aged 20-49 years, 19% had HSV-2 infection. Persons with HSV-2 infection were more likely to have depression (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.9). Conclusions Risky sexual behaviour is related to current depression in adult women. Healthcare providers should be aware of this association and its potential implications in order to deliver better care for patients with depression or sexually transmitted infections. C1 [Pratt, L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Xu, F.; Robitz, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, G. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Pratt, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6333, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lpratt@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 88 IS 1 BP 40 EP 44 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050138 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 879HD UT WOS:000299319400011 PM 22057015 ER PT J AU Smrtka, MP Thames, B Beckman, M Rajgor, D Gandhi, M James, AH AF Smrtka, Michael P. Thames, Betty Beckman, Michele Rajgor, Dimple Gandhi, Mihir James, Andra H. TI Obesity-related Coagulation Changes in Pregnancy SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; RISK; HEMOSTASIS C1 [Smrtka, Michael P.; Thames, Betty; James, Andra H.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Beckman, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rajgor, Dimple] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Surg Outcomes, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Gandhi, Mihir] Singapore Clin Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore. [Gandhi, Mihir] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Off Clin Sci, Ctr Quantitat Med, Singapore, Singapore. RP Smrtka, MP (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, DUMC Box 3967, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM michael.smrtka@duke.edu RI Rajgor, Dimple/C-7317-2015 OI Rajgor, Dimple/0000-0002-6940-7656 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 129 IS 2 BP 204 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.08.023 PG 3 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 879DZ UT WOS:000299311200017 PM 21906786 ER PT J AU Zhou, YC Steffen, I Montalvo, L Lee, TH Zemel, R Switzer, WM Tang, SH Jia, HW Heneine, W Winkelman, V Tailor, CS Ikeda, Y Simmons, G AF Zhou, Yanchen Steffen, Imke Montalvo, Leilani Lee, Tzong-Hae Zemel, Reeve Switzer, William M. Tang, Shaohua Jia, Hongwei Heneine, Walid Winkelman, Valerie Tailor, Chetankumar S. Ikeda, Yasuhiro Simmons, Graham TI Development and application of a high-throughput microneutralization assay: lack of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus and/or murine leukemia virus detection in blood donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; PCR CONTAMINATION RATHER; PROSTATE-CANCER; INFECTIOUS RETROVIRUS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; XMRV INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; SEQUENCES; ABSENCE; ENTRY AB BACKGROUND: Xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related virus (XMRV) and other related MLVs have been described with chronic fatigue syndrome and certain types of prostate cancer. In addition, prevalence rates as high as 7% have been reported in blood donors, raising the risk of transfusion-related transmission. Several laboratories have utilized microneutralization assays as a surrogate marker for detection of anti-MLV serologic responseswith up to 25% of prostate cancer patients reported to harbor neutralizing antibody responses. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We developed a high-throughput microneutralization assay for research studies on blood donors using retroviral vectors pseudotyped with XMRV-specific envelopes. Infection with these pseudotypes was neutralized by sera from both macaques and mice challenged with XMRV, but not preimmune serum. A total of 354 plasma samples from blood donors in the Reno/Tahoe area were screened for neutralization. RESULTS: A total of 6.5% of donor samples gave moderate neutralization of XMRV, but not control pseudotypes. However, further testing by Western blot revealed no evidence of antibodies against MLVs in any of these samples. Furthermore, no evidence of infectious virus or viral nucleic acid was observed. CONCLUSION: A microneutralization assay was developed for detection of XMRV and can be applied in a high-throughput format for large-scale studies. Although a proportion of blood donors demonstrated the ability to block XMRV envelope-mediated infection, we found no evidence that this inhibition was mediated by specific antibodies elicited by exposure to XMRV or MLV. It is likely that this moderate neutralization is mediated through another, nonspecific mechanism. C1 [Simmons, Graham] Univ Calif San Francisco, Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Creat Testing Solut, Tempe, AZ USA. Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Mayo Clin, Dept Mol Med, Rochester, MN USA. RP Simmons, G (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Masonic Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM gsimmons@bloodsystems.org RI Simmons, Graham/G-3523-2012 OI Simmons, Graham/0000-0002-9615-7023 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [R21, 1R21HL109761] FX This work was partially funded by a R21 grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to GS (1R21HL109761). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their sponsoring institutions. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 2012 VL 52 IS 2 BP 332 EP 342 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03519.x PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 875NO UT WOS:000299038200019 PM 22239212 ER PT J AU Cortes, J Arvelo, W Lopez, B Reyes, L Kerin, T Gautam, R Patel, M Parashar, U Lindblade, KA AF Cortes, Jennifer Arvelo, Wences Lopez, Beatriz Reyes, Lissette Kerin, Tara Gautam, Rashi Patel, Manish Parashar, Umesh Lindblade, Kim A. TI Rotavirus disease burden among children < 5 years of age - Santa Rosa, Guatemala, 2007-2009 SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; incidence; vaccine; epidemiology; Guatemala; Rotavirus; incidence; vaccin; epidemiologie; Guatemala; Rotavirus; incidencia; Vacuna; epidemiologia; Guatemala ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SEASONALITY; DIARRHEA; AMERICA AB Objectives To assess the burden of rotavirus disease in Guatemala, in view of the recent introduction of a national rotavirus vaccination programme. METHODS We examined data from an active, facility-based surveillance system in Santa Rosa, Guatemala, from October 2007 through September 2009 among children < 5 years of age presenting to the hospital or ambulatory clinics with diarrhoea (3 loose stools in 24 h during the last 7 days). Demographic and epidemiological data were collected, and specimens were tested for rotavirus via enzyme immunoassay. Genotyping was performed via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We enrolled 347 hospitalized patients < 5 years of age with diarrhoea and 1215 from ambulatory clinics. Specimens from 275 (79%) hospitalized children and 662 (54%) from ambulatory visits were tested for rotavirus. Rotavirus accounted for 32% of hospitalizations and 9% of ambulatory visits for diarrhoea, resulting in adjusted annual rates of 36 hospitalizations and 372 ambulatory visits per 10 000 children. Ninety-one per cent of hospitalizations and 81% of ambulatory visits for rotavirus diarrhoea occurred in children < 2 years. G1P8 represented 71% and 95% of rotavirus genotypes for 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 rotavirus seasons, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhoea in children < 5 years of age in Santa Rosa, Guatemala, highlighting the potential health benefits of vaccination and the need for continued surveillance to assess impact and effectiveness of the rotavirus vaccination programme in Guatemala. C1 [Cortes, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cortes, Jennifer; Kerin, Tara; Gautam, Rashi; Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arvelo, Wences; Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arvelo, W (reprint author), US Embassy Nairobi, CDC Agcy, 8900 Nairobi Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM warvelo@gt.cdc.gov OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948 FU U.S Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX We would like to thank the Guatemala National Epidemiology Centre, the Health Area of Santa Rosa and the Regional Hospital of Cuilapa for their cooperation. We are grateful to Gerard Lopez, Fredy Munoz and their team of programmers for the development of the Questionnaire Mobile program for data entry on PDAs. The authors would like to thank the following individuals for administrative and scientific support: Isabella Danel, Celia Cordon-Rosales, Stacy Kopka, Jon Gentsch, Aleida Roldan, and Jennifer Gray. We are very thankful for the active participation of the residents of Santa Rosa. This publication was supported in part by the U.S Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD FEB PY 2012 VL 17 IS 2 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02911.x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 876IZ UT WOS:000299102500016 PM 22175547 ER PT J AU Mode, NA O'Connor, MB Conway, GA Hill, RD AF Mode, Nicolle A. O'Connor, Mary B. Conway, George A. Hill, Ryan D. TI A multifaceted public health approach to statewide aviation safety SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE CFIT; controlled flight into terrain; Part 135; effectiveness; accidents ID FLIGHT RULES FLIGHT; PILOT ERROR; GENERAL-AVIATION; ADVERSE WEATHER; ACCIDENTS; CRASHES; ALASKA; RISK; COMMUTER; SURVEILLANCE AB Background During the 1990s, Alaskan pilots had one of the most hazardous occupations in the US. In 2000, a multifaceted public health initiative was launched, focusing on Alaskan air taxi/commuter (AT) operations, including risk factor identification, improved weather information, and the formation of an industry-led safety organization. Methods Effectiveness was assessed by comparing rates of crashes using Poisson regression, comparing trends in annual numbers of crashes, and assessing changes in the number and type of controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) events. Results The greatest improvements were seen in Alaska fatal AT crashes with a 57% decrease in rates between time periods. While the number of AT crashes in the rest of the US steadily declined during 1990-2009, Alaska only showed significant declines after 2000. CFIT crashes declined but remained more deadly than other crashes. Conclusions This coordinated effort was successful in reducing crashes in the Alaskan AT industry. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55: 176-186, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mode, Nicolle A.; O'Connor, Mary B.; Conway, George A.; Hill, Ryan D.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alaska Pacific Reg Off, Anchorage, AK USA. [Mode, Nicolle A.] Nicolle Mode & Associates, Pleasanton, CA USA. RP O'Connor, MB (reprint author), 4230 Univ Dr,Suite 310, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ifr7@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 176 EP 186 DI 10.1002/ajim.21993 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 871JL UT WOS:000298734000009 PM 22170605 ER PT J AU Smith, BD Kalayil, EJ Patel-Larson, A Chen, B Vaughan, M AF Smith, Bryce D. Kalayil, Elizabeth J. Patel-Larson, Alpa Chen, Brenda Vaughan, Marla TI Retaining clients in an outcome monitoring evaluation study: HIV prevention efforts in community settings SO EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS prevention; Evidence-based interventions; Evaluation; Outcome monitoring; Retention strategies ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; RISK-REDUCTION INTERVENTION; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; PATIENT EDUCATION; SEXUAL RISK; YOUNG MEN; PARTICIPANTS; RETENTION; PRISON AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) conducted outcome monitoring studies on evidence-based interventions (EBIs) provided by CDC-funded community-based organizations (CBOs). Critical to the success of outcome monitoring was the ability of CBOs to recruit and retain clients in evaluation studies. Two EBIs, Video Opportunities for Innovative Condom Education and Safer Sex (VOICES/VOCES) and Healthy Relationships, were evaluated using repeated measure studies, which require robust follow-up retention rates to increase the validity and usefulness of the findings. The retention rates were high for both VOICES/VOCES CBOs (95.8% at 30 days and 91.1% at 120 days), and Healthy Relationships CBOs (89.5% at 90 days and 83.5% at 180 days). This paper presents an overview of the retention of clients, challenges to follow-up, and strategies developed by CBOs to achieve high retention rates. These strategies and rates are discussed within the context of the CBOs' target populations and communities. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Smith, Bryce D.; Kalayil, Elizabeth J.; Patel-Larson, Alpa; Chen, Brenda; Vaughan, Marla] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kalayil, Elizabeth J.; Chen, Brenda] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. RP Smith, BD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Mail Stop E-37,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsmith6@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-7189 J9 EVAL PROGRAM PLANN JI Eval. Program Plan. PD FEB PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.06.002 PG 9 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 859QY UT WOS:000297892100003 PM 22054520 ER PT J AU Setse, R Siberry, GK Moss, WJ Gravitt, P Wheeling, T Bohannon, B Dominguez, K AF Setse, Rosanna Siberry, George K. Moss, William J. Gravitt, Patti Wheeling, Travis Bohannon, Beverly Dominguez, Kenneth CA Legacy Consortium TI Cervical Pap Screening Cytological Abnormalities among HIV-Infected Adolescents in the LEGACY Cohort SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cervical Pap screening; HIV infection; Adolescents ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; CANCER-SOCIETY GUIDELINE; RISK-FACTORS; PAPANICOLAOU SMEARS; SEROPOSITIVE WOMEN; NEGATIVE WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORT AB Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cervical Pap screening (CPAP-S), identify factors associated with CPAP-S, and explore risk factors for abnormal cervical cytology in female adolescents with perinatally and behaviorally acquired HIV infection. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: LEGACY is a national observational cohort chart review study of 1478 HIV-infected persons (