FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Peipins, LA Soman, A Berkowitz, Z White, MC AF Peipins, Lucy A. Soman, Ashwini Berkowitz, Zahava White, Mary C. TI The lack of paid sick leave as a barrier to cancer screening and medical care-seeking: results from the National Health Interview Survey SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cancer screening; Pap test; Mammography; FOBT; Colonoscopy; Paid sick leave; Health benefits ID UNITED-STATES; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; MAMMOGRAPHY; DISPARITIES; TRENDS; PLANS; WORK AB Background: Preventive health care services, such as cancer screening can be particularly vulnerable to a lack of paid leave from work since care is not being sought for illness or symptoms. We first describe the prevalence of paid sick leave by broad occupational categories and then examine the association between access to paid sick leave and cancer testing and medical care-seeking in the U.S. workforce. Methods: Data from the 2008 National Health Interview survey were analyzed by using paid sick leave status and other health-related factors to describe the proportion of U.S. workers undergoing mammography, Pap testing, endoscopy, fecal occult blood test (FOBT), and medical-care seeking. Results: More than 48 million individuals (38%) in an estimated U.S. working population of 127 million did not have paid sick leave in 2008. The percentage of workers who underwent mammography, Pap test, endoscopy at recommended intervals, had seen a doctor during the previous 12 months or had at least one visit to a health care provider during the previous 12 months was significantly higher among those with paid sick leave compared with those without sick leave after controlling for sociodemographic and health-care-related factors. Conclusions: Lack of paid sick leave appears to be a potential barrier to obtaining preventive medical care and is a societal benefit that is potentially amenable to change. C1 [Peipins, Lucy A.; Berkowitz, Zahava; White, Mary C.] CDC, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, DCPC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Soman, Ashwini] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Peipins, LA (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, DCPC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LBP6@CDC.GOV RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 12 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 520 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-520 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 000WU UT WOS:000308422100001 PM 22788387 ER PT J AU Xu, JP Davis, CT Christman, MC Rivailler, P Zhong, HZ Donis, RO Lu, GQ AF Xu, Jianpeng Davis, C. Todd Christman, Mary C. Rivailler, Pierre Zhong, Haizhen Donis, Ruben O. Lu, Guoqing TI Evolutionary History and Phylodynamics of Influenza A and B Neuraminidase (NA) Genes Inferred from Large-Scale Sequence Analyses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENT; VIRUS; EMERGENCE; SWINE; DYNAMICS; REASSORTMENT; LINEAGES; ORIGIN; PIGS AB Background: Influenza neuraminidase (NA) is an important surface glycoprotein and plays a vital role in viral replication and drug development. The NA is found in influenza A and B viruses, with nine subtypes classified in influenza A. The complete knowledge of influenza NA evolutionary history and phylodynamics, although critical for the prevention and control of influenza epidemics and pandemics, remains lacking. Methodology/Principal findings: Evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses of influenza NA sequences using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian MCMC methods demonstrated that the divergence of influenza viruses into types A and B occurred earlier than the divergence of influenza A NA subtypes. Twenty-three lineages were identified within influenza A, two lineages were classified within influenza B, and most lineages were specific to host, subtype or geographical location. Interestingly, evolutionary rates vary not only among lineages but also among branches within lineages. The estimated tMRCAs of influenza lineages suggest that the viruses of different lineages emerge several months or even years before their initial detection. The d(N)/d(S) ratios ranged from 0.062 to 0.313 for influenza A lineages, and 0.257 to 0.259 for influenza B lineages. Structural analyses revealed that all positively selected sites are at the surface of the NA protein, with a number of sites found to be important for host antibody and drug binding. Conclusions/Significance: The divergence into influenza type A and B from a putative ancestral NA was followed by the divergence of type A into nine NA subtypes, of which 23 lineages subsequently diverged. This study provides a better understanding of influenza NA lineages and their evolutionary dynamics, which may facilitate early detection of newly emerging influenza viruses and thus improve influenza surveillance. C1 [Xu, Jianpeng; Christman, Mary C.; Lu, Guoqing] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Davis, C. Todd; Rivailler, Pierre; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhong, Haizhen] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. RP Xu, JP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. EM glu3@unomaha.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 LM009985-01A1]; University Committee on Research and Creative Activity (UCRCA), University of Nebraska at Omaha FX This publication was made possible by National Institutes of Health grant numbers R01 LM009985-01A1. The authors also acknowledge continuous funding support from The University Committee on Research and Creative Activity (UCRCA), University of Nebraska at Omaha, for this research program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e38665 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038665 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 973LU UT WOS:000306362400004 PM 22808012 ER PT J AU Branch, A Veguilla, V Gillis, E Reed, C Noland, H Thomas, L Browning, P Balish, A Fry, A Cox, N Katz, JM Hancock, K AF Branch, Alicia Veguilla, Vic Gillis, Eric Reed, Carrie Noland, Heather Thomas, Leilani Browning, Peter Balish, Amanda Fry, Alicia Cox, Nancy Katz, Jacqueline M. Hancock, Kathy TI Antibodies Cross-Reactive to Influenza A (H3N2) Variant Virus and Impact of 2010-11 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine on Cross-Reactive Antibodies-United States (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 237-241, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID SEROLOGIC ASSAYS C1 [Branch, Alicia; Veguilla, Vic; Gillis, Eric; Reed, Carrie; Noland, Heather; Thomas, Leilani; Browning, Peter; Balish, Amanda; Fry, Alicia; Cox, Nancy; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Hancock, Kathy] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hancock, K (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM khancock@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 2 BP 124 EP 126 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971QS UT WOS:000306219500008 ER PT J AU Bogoch, II Gandhi, RT Bibi, Y Dejsuphong, V Brown, CM Enis, D Cotsarelis, G Chernak, E Poretz, D Davidson, W Zhao, H Li, Y Bass, JM Tack, DM AF Bogoch, Isaac I. Gandhi, Rajesh T. Bibi, Yuval Dejsuphong, Voraphat Brown, Catherine M. Enis, David Cotsarelis, George Chernak, Esther Poretz, Donald Davidson, Whitni Zhao, Hui Li, Yu Bass, Jennifer M. Tack, Danielle M. TI Human Orf Virus Infection From Household Exposures-United States, 2009-2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 245-248, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Bass, Jennifer M.] CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bogoch, Isaac I.; Gandhi, Rajesh T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bibi, Yuval] Harvard Vanguard Med Associates, Dept Dermatol, Boston, MA USA. [Dejsuphong, Voraphat] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Int Grad Dermatol Program, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Brown, Catherine M.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Enis, David; Cotsarelis, George] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Chernak, Esther] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Poretz, Donald] Inova Fairfax Hosp, Falls Church, VA USA. [Davidson, Whitni; Zhao, Hui; Li, Yu] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tack, Danielle M.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bass, JM (reprint author), CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jbass@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 2 BP 126 EP 128 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971QS UT WOS:000306219500009 ER PT J AU Sweat, D Valiani, A Griffin, D Springer, D Rath, S Greene, S Behravesh, CB Nguyen, TA Mitchell, J Jackson, BR AF Sweat, David Valiani, Anita Griffin, Denise Springer, Debra Rath, Shadia Greene, Shermalyn Behravesh, Casey Barton Nguyen, Thai-An Mitchell, Jennifer Jackson, Brendan R. TI Notes From the Field: Infections With Salmonella I 4,[5], 12:i:- Linked to Exposure to Feeder Rodents-United States, August 2011-February 2012 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 277, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Jackson, Brendan R.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sweat, David; Valiani, Anita; Griffin, Denise; Springer, Debra; Rath, Shadia; Greene, Shermalyn] CDC, N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Behravesh, Casey Barton; Nguyen, Thai-An; Mitchell, Jennifer] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jackson, BR (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM brjack-son1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 2 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971QS UT WOS:000306219500010 ER PT J AU Dietz, WH Scanlon, KS AF Dietz, William H. Scanlon, Kelley S. TI Eliminating the Use of Partially Hydrogenated Oil in Food Production and Preparation SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANS-FATTY-ACIDS; POPULATION C1 [Dietz, William H.; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Scanlon, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kscanlon@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 308 IS 2 BP 143 EP 144 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.7379 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971QS UT WOS:000306219500026 PM 22782414 ER PT J AU Lu, SE Beckles, GL Crosson, JC Bilik, D Karter, AJ Gerzoff, RB Lin, Y Ross, SV McEwen, LN Waitzfelder, BE Marrero, D Lasser, N Brown, AF AF Lu, Shou-En Beckles, Gloria L. Crosson, Jesse C. Bilik, Dorian Karter, Andrew J. Gerzoff, Robert B. Lin, Yong Ross, Sonja V. McEwen, Laura N. Waitzfelder, Beth E. Marrero, David Lasser, Norman Brown, Arleen F. TI Evaluation of risk equations for prediction of short-term coronary heart disease events in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes: the Translating Research into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study SO BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; TASK-FORCE; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; UNITED-KINGDOM; VALIDATION; FRAMINGHAM; SCORE; ASSOCIATION AB Background: To evaluate the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and Framingham risk equations for predicting short-term risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events among adults with long-standing type 2 diabetes, including those with and without preexisting CHD. Methods: Prospective cohort of U.S. managed care enrollees aged >= 18 years and mean diabetes duration of more than 10 years, participating in the Translating Research into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study, was followed for the first occurrence of CHD events from 2000 to 2003. The UKPDS and Framingham risk equations were evaluated for discriminating power and calibration. Results: A total of 8303 TRIAD participants, were identified to evaluate the UKPDS (n = 5914, 120 events), Framingham-initial (n = 5914, 218 events) and Framingham-secondary (n = 2389, 374 events) risk equations, according to their prior CHD history. All of these equations exhibited low discriminating power with Harrell's c-index <0.65. All except the Framingham-initial equation for women and the Framingham-secondary equation for men had low levels of calibration. After adjsusting for the average values of predictors and event rates in the TRIAD population, the calibration of these equations greatly improved. Conclusions: The UKPDS and Framingham risk equations may be inappropriate for predicting the short-term risk of CHD events in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes, partly due to changes in medications used by patients with diabetes and other improvements in clinical care since the Frmaingham and UKPDS studies were conducted. Refinement of these equations to reflect contemporary CHD profiles, diagnostics and therapies are needed to provide reliable risk estimates to inform effective treatment. C1 [Lu, Shou-En; Lin, Yong] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Beckles, Gloria L.; Gerzoff, Robert B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crosson, Jesse C.; Ross, Sonja V.] UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Div Res, Somerset, NJ USA. [Bilik, Dorian; McEwen, Laura N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med Metab Endocrinol & Diabet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Karter, Andrew J.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Waitzfelder, Beth E.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Waitzfelder, Beth E.] Kaiser Ctr Hlth Res Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Marrero, David] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Lasser, Norman] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Brown, Arleen F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lu, SE (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, 683 Hoes Lane W,RM 220, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM lus2@umdnj.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK081796] NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6823 J9 BMC ENDOCR DISORD JI BMC Endocr. Disord. PD JUL 9 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 12 DI 10.1186/1472-6823-12-12 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 999ZN UT WOS:000308355400001 PM 22776317 ER PT J AU Paul, D Busireddy, A Nagaraja, SB Satyanarayana, S Dewan, PK Nair, SA Sarkar, S Ahmed, QT Sarkar, S Shamrao, SRM Harries, AD Oeltmann, JE AF Paul, Durba Busireddy, Arundhathi Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina Satyanarayana, Srinath Dewan, Puneet Kumar Nair, Sreenivas Achutan Sarkar, Silajit Ahmed, Quazi Toufique Sarkar, Shakuntala Shamrao, Sreenivas Rao Motta Harries, Anthony David Oeltmann, John Ethan TI Factors Associated with Delays in Treatment Initiation after Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Two Districts of India SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Excessive time between diagnosis and initiation of tuberculosis (TB) treatment contributes to ongoing TB transmission and should be minimized. In India, Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) focuses on indicator start of treatment within 7 days of diagnosis for patients with sputum smear-positive PTB for monitoring DOTS implementation. Objectives: To determine length of time between diagnosis and initiation of treatment and factors associated with delays of more than 7 days in smear-positive pulmonary TB. Methods: Using existing programme records such as the TB Register, treatment cards, and the laboratory register, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB registered from July-September 2010 in two districts in India. A random sample of patients with pulmonary TB who experienced treatment delay of more than 7 days was interviewed using structured questionnaire. Results: 2027 of 3411 patients registered with pulmonary TB were smear-positive. 711(35%) patients had >7 days between diagnosis and treatment and 262(13%) had delays >15 days. Mean duration between TB diagnosis and treatment initiation was 8 days (range = 0-128 days). Odds of treatment delay >7 days was 1.8 times more likely among those who had been previously treated (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-2.3) and 1.6 (95% CI 1.3-1.8) times more likely among those diagnosed in health facilities without microscopy centers. The main factors associated with a delay >7 days were: patient reluctance to start a re-treatment regimen, patients seeking second opinions, delay in transportation of drugs to the DOT centers and delay in initial home visits. To conclude, treatment delay >7 days was associated with a number of factors that included history of previous treatment and absence of TB diagnostic services in the local health facility. Decentralized diagnostic facilities and improved referral procedures may reduce such treatment delays. C1 [Paul, Durba; Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina; Dewan, Puneet Kumar; Sarkar, Silajit; Ahmed, Quazi Toufique] WHO, Off WHO Representat India, New Delhi, India. [Busireddy, Arundhathi] Dist TB Off, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Satyanarayana, Srinath; Nair, Sreenivas Achutan] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, SE Asia Off, New Delhi, India. [Sarkar, Shakuntala] Dist TB Ctr, Bardhaman, W Bengal, India. [Harries, Anthony David] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Harries, Anthony David] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Oeltmann, John Ethan] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Paul, D (reprint author), WHO, Off WHO Representat India, New Delhi, India. EM pauld@rntcp.org FU Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds; World Health Organization WHO-India from United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX Funding support was provided by The Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds and by World Health Organization WHO-India from United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funds. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 9 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e39040 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039040 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 973IV UT WOS:000306354700006 PM 22792161 ER PT J AU Dechet, AM Parsons, M Rambaran, M Mohamed-Rambaran, P Florendo-Cumbermack, A Persaud, S Baboolal, S Ari, MD Shadomy, SV Zaki, SR Paddock, CD Clark, TA Harris, L Lyon, D Mintz, ED AF Dechet, Amy M. Parsons, Michele Rambaran, Madan Mohamed-Rambaran, Pheona Florendo-Cumbermack, Anita Persaud, Shamdeo Baboolal, Shirematee Ari, Mary D. Shadomy, Sean V. Zaki, Sherif R. Paddock, Christopher D. Clark, Thomas A. Harris, Lazenia Lyon, Douglas Mintz, Eric D. TI Leptospirosis Outbreak following Severe Flooding: A Rapid Assessment and Mass Prophylaxis Campaign; Guyana, January-February 2005 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; NICARAGUA; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIC; DENGUE; TRIAL AB Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis usually transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with urine from infected animals. Severe flooding can put individuals at greater risk for contracting leptospirosis in endemic areas. Rapid testing for the disease and large-scale interventions are necessary to identify and control infection. We describe a leptospirosis outbreak following severe flooding and a mass chemoprophylaxis campaign in Guyana. Methodology/Principal Findings: From January-March 2005, we collected data on suspected leptospirosis hospitalizations and deaths. Laboratory testing included anti-leptospiral dot enzyme immunoassay (DST), immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and microscopic agglutination testing (MAT). DST testing was conducted for 105 (44%) of 236 patients; 52 (50%) tested positive. Four (57%) paired serum samples tested by MAT were confirmed leptospirosis. Of 34 total deaths attributed to leptospirosis, postmortem samples from 10 (83%) of 12 patients were positive by IHC. Of 201 patients interviewed, 89% reported direct contact with flood waters. A 3-week doxycycline chemoprophylaxis campaign reached over 280,000 people. Conclusions: A confirmed leptospirosis outbreak in Guyana occurred after severe flooding, resulting in a massive chemoprophylaxis campaign to try to limit morbidity and mortality. C1 [Dechet, Amy M.; Parsons, Michele; Ari, Mary D.; Shadomy, Sean V.; Zaki, Sherif R.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Clark, Thomas A.; Harris, Lazenia; Mintz, Eric D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dechet, Amy M.] Portland Providence Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. [Rambaran, Madan; Mohamed-Rambaran, Pheona; Florendo-Cumbermack, Anita] Georgetown Publ Hosp Corp, Georgetown, Guyana. [Persaud, Shamdeo] Minist Hlth, Georgetown, Guyana. [Baboolal, Shirematee] Caribbean Epidemiol Ctr, Port Of Spain, Trinid & Tobago. [Lyon, Douglas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Georgetown, Guyana. [Lyon, Douglas] La Clin Carino, Hood River, OR USA. RP Dechet, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM adechet@gmail.com NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 9 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e39672 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039672 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 973IV UT WOS:000306354700016 PM 22808049 ER PT J AU Francis, D Gasasira, A Kigozi, R Kigozi, S Nasr, S Kamya, MR Dorsey, G AF Francis, Damon Gasasira, Anne Kigozi, Ruth Kigozi, Simon Nasr, Sussann Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant TI Health facility-based malaria surveillance: The effects of age, area of residence and diagnostics on test positivity rates SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION INTENSITY; UGANDA; SITES AB Background: The malaria test positivity rate (TPR) is increasingly used as an indicator of malaria morbidity because TPR is based on laboratory-confirmed cases and is simple to incorporate into existing surveillance systems. However, temporal trends in TPR may reflect changes in factors associated with malaria rather than true changes in malaria morbidity. This study examines the effects of age, area of residence and diagnostic test on TPR at two health facilities in regions of Uganda with differing malaria endemicity. Methods: The analysis included data from diagnostic blood smears performed at health facilities in Walukuba and Aduku between January 2009 and December 2010. The associations between age and time and between age and TPR were evaluated independently to determine the potential for age to confound temporal trends in TPR. Subsequently, differences between observed TPR and TPR adjusted for age were compared to determine if confounding was present. A similar analysis was performed for area of residence. Temporal trends in observed TPR were compared to trends in TPR expected using rapid diagnostic tests, which were modelled based upon sensitivity and specificity in prior studies. Results: Age was independently associated with both TPR and time at both sites. At Aduku, age-adjusted TPR increased relative to observed TPR due to the association between younger age and TPR and the gradual increase in age distribution. At Walukuba, there were no clear differences between observed and age-adjusted TPR. Area of residence was independently associated with both TPR and time at both sites, though there were no clear differences in temporal trends in area of residence-adjusted TPR and observed TPR at either site. Expected TPR with pLDH- and HRP-2-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) was higher than observed TPR at all time points at both sites. Conclusions: Adjusting for potential confounders such as age and area of residence can ensure that temporal trends in TPR due to confounding are not mistakenly ascribed to true changes in malaria morbidity. The potentially large effect of diagnostic test on TPR can be accounted for by calculating and adjusting for the sensitivity and specificity of the test used. C1 [Francis, Damon; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Gasasira, Anne; Kigozi, Ruth; Kigozi, Simon] Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. [Nasr, Sussann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Dorsey, G (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, 1001 Potrero Ave,Bldg 30,Rm 408, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM gdorsey@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU NIH [U19AI089674]; DHHS/CDC [U51CK000117] FX We would like to thank the patients and their families for participation in the study. We would also like to thank the study physicians and other health staff who participated in the patient care and data collection. This study received funding from the NIH (U19AI089674) and DHHS/CDC (U51CK000117). NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 7 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 229 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-229 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 008IJ UT WOS:000308950300001 PM 22770511 ER PT J AU Khan, KM Thompson, AM Blair, SN Sallis, JF Powell, KE Bull, FC Bauman, AE AF Khan, Karim M. Thompson, Angela M. Blair, Steven N. Sallis, James F. Powell, Kenneth E. Bull, Fiona C. Bauman, Adrian E. TI Sport and exercise as contributors to the health of nations SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EDUCATION PROGRAM; INJURY PREVENTION; PARTICIPATION; CARE; DISEASE; FITNESS; YOUTH; COUNTRIES AB Self-reported rates of participation in sport vary by country. In the UK, about 40% of men and women aged 16 years or older participate in at least one sport every week. Although few data exist to assess trends for participation in sport, there is little evidence of change in the past decade among adults. Large cohort studies suggest that such participation in sport is associated with a 20-40% reduction in all-cause mortality compared with non-participation. Randomised trials and crossover clinical studies suggest that playing sport is associated with specific health benefits. Some sports have relatively high injury risk although neuromuscular training programmes can prevent various lower extremity injuries. Clinicians can influence a large number of patients through brief interventions that promote physical activity, and encouragement toward participation in sport for some physically inactive patients qualifies as evidence-based therapy. Exercise might also be considered as a fifth vital sign and should be recorded in patients' electronic medical records and routine histories. C1 [Khan, Karim M.] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Hip Hlth & Mobil, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Khan, Karim M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Family Practice, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Khan, Karim M.] Norwegian Sch Sport Sci, Oslo, Norway. [Thompson, Angela M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Sallis, James F.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Powell, Kenneth E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bull, Fiona C.] Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Bauman, Adrian E.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Khan, KM (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Ctr Hip Hlth & Mobil, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM karim.khan@ubc.ca RI Bull, Fiona/G-4148-2012 NR 52 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 7 PY 2012 VL 380 IS 9836 BP 59 EP 64 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 970GK UT WOS:000306115900034 PM 22770457 ER PT J AU Wang, RJ Wang, F Zhao, JF Qi, M Ning, CS Zhang, LX Xiao, LH AF Wang, Rongjun Wang, Fang Zhao, Jinfeng Qi, Meng Ning, Changshen Zhang, Longxian Xiao, Lihua TI Cryptosporidium spp. in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Henan, China: Molecular characterization and public health significance SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Quail; SSU rRNA; C. baileyi; C. meleagridis ID OSTRICHES STRUTHIO-CAMELUS; GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; JAPANESE-QUAIL; BIRDS; IDENTIFICATION; ANIMALS; OOCYSTS; APICOMPLEXA AB The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was investigated in scale quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) farms in Henan Province, China between September 2006 and August 2007. One thousand eight hundred and eighteen fecal samples from 47 quail farms in five areas were collected for the examination of Cryptosporidium oocysts. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 13.1% (95% Cl 13.1 +/- 1.6%) (29 of 47 farms), with 72-100-day-old quails having the highest prevalence (23.6%, 95% Cl 23.6 +/- 2.6%) (chi(2) = 64.91; rho < 0.01). The highest prevalence was observed in autumn (21.8%, 95% Cl 21.8 +/- 3.1%) and the lowest in winter (chi(2) = 74.83; rho < 0.01). Two hundred and thirty-nine Cryptosporidium-positive samples were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene, and 42 were further analyzed by DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Two Cryptosporidium species were identified. Cryptosporidium baileyi in 237 birds on 29 farms, and potentially zoonotic Cryptosporidium meleagridis in only two birds on two farms. These findings may suggest that quails are not a major source of zoonotic Cryptosporidium in the study area. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Rongjun; Wang, Fang; Zhao, Jinfeng; Qi, Meng; Ning, Changshen; Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2012ZX10004220-001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30871863]; Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare [81100912300] FX This study was supported in part by the Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (No. 2012ZX10004220-001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30871863), and Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare (No. 81100912300) NR 39 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 187 IS 3-4 BP 534 EP 537 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.02.002 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 986EK UT WOS:000307323700026 PM 22377447 ER PT J AU Semenya, AA Tran, TM Meyer, EV Barnwell, JW Galinski, MR AF Semenya, Amma A. Tran, Tuan M. Meyer, Esmeralda Vs Barnwell, John W. Galinski, Mary R. TI Two functional reticulocyte binding-like (RBL) invasion ligands of zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi exhibit differential adhesion to monkey and human erythrocytes SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium knowlesi; Malaria; Erythrocyte; Merozoite; Adhesion; Binding protein; Reticulocyte; Invasion ligand; RBLs ID MALARIA PARASITES; BLOOD-CELLS; FALCIPARUM; VIVAX; MEROZOITES; HOMOLOG; FAMILY; PROTEINS; YOELII; DOMAIN AB Background: Plasmodium knowlesi is a monkey malaria species that is becoming a serious public health concern infecting hundreds and perhaps thousands of humans in Southeast Asia. Invasion of erythrocytes by merozoites entails a cascade of molecular interactions. One step involves the adhesion of Plasmodium reticulocyte binding-like (RBL) proteins. Plasmodium knowlesi merozoites express only two RBL invasion ligands, known as Normocyte Binding Proteins (PkNBPXa and PkNBPXb). Methods: Overlapping N-terminal regions of PkNBPXa and PkNBPXb were expressed in COS7 cells and tested for surface expression and adhesion to rhesus monkey erythrocytes. Subsequent tests to study specific receptor ligand interactions included adhesion to a panel of human and non-human primate erythrocytes, enzymatic treatment, and site directed mutagenesis. Results: An N-terminal cysteine-rich region of PkNBPXb (PkNBPXb-II) exhibited specific adhesion to rhesus monkey erythrocytes. Mutation of four of five cysteines in PkNBPXb-II interfered with its surface expression on COS7 cells, suggesting disulphide bond conformation is critical for intracellular trafficking. Binding of PkNBPXb-II was abolished when rhesus erythrocytes were pre-treated with chymotrypsin, but not trypsin or neuraminidase. PkNBPXb-II also bound other Old World monkey species and gibbon erythrocytes. However, erythrocytes from other primate species including humans did not bind to PkNBPXb-II or native PkNBPXb. Importantly, unlike PkNBPXb, PkNBPXa bound human erythrocytes, and this binding was independent of the Duffy blood group determinant. Conclusions: The data reported here begins to clarify the functional domains of the P. knowlesi RBLs. A binding domain has been identified and characterized in PkNBPXb. Notably, this study demonstrates that unlike PkNBPXb, PkNBPXa can bind to human erythrocytes, suggesting that PkNBPXa may function as a ligand to enable the invasion of P. knowlesi merozoites into human cells. C1 [Semenya, Amma A.; Tran, Tuan M.; Meyer, Esmeralda Vs; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Semenya, Amma A.; Tran, Tuan M.; Meyer, Esmeralda Vs; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Galinski, MR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mary.galinski@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1R01AI247, R21AI094449]; National Center for Research Resources [P51RR000165]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD [P51OD011132] FX This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases to MRG (1R01AI247 and R21AI094449). The Yerkes National Primate Research Center received support from the National Center for Research Resources P51RR000165, and it is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD P51OD011132. Chelsey Goins is acknowledged for her assistance in cloning pknbp gene segments. Stacey Lapp is acknowledged for his assistance on processing P. knowlesi-infected blood from macaques. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 228 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-228 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 993HU UT WOS:000307849300001 PM 22770469 ER PT J AU Coggon, D Ntani, G Palmer, KT Felli, VE Harari, R Barrero, LH Felknor, SA Gimeno, D Cattrell, A Serra, C Bonzini, M Solidaki, E Merisalu, E Habib, RR Sadeghian, F Kadir, M Warnakulasuriya, SSP Matsudaira, K Nyantumbu, B Sim, MR Harcombe, H Cox, K Marziale, MH Sarquis, LM Harari, F Freire, R Harari, N Monroy, MV Quintana, LA Rojas, M Vega, EJS Harris, EC Vargas-Prada, S Martinez, JM Delclos, G Benavides, FG Carugno, M Ferrario, MM Pesatori, AC Chatzi, L Bitsios, P Kogevinas, M Oha, K Sirk, T Sadeghian, A Peiris-John, RJ Sathiakumar, N Wickremasinghe, AR Yoshimura, N Kielkowski, D Kelsall, HL Hoe, VCW Urquhart, DM Derett, S McBride, D Gray, A AF Coggon, David Ntani, Georgia Palmer, Keith T. Felli, Vanda E. Harari, Raul Barrero, Lope H. Felknor, Sarah A. Gimeno, David Cattrell, Anna Serra, Consol Bonzini, Matteo Solidaki, Eleni Merisalu, Eda Habib, Rima R. Sadeghian, Farideh Kadir, Masood Warnakulasuriya, Sudath S. P. Matsudaira, Ko Nyantumbu, Busisiwe Sim, Malcolm R. Harcombe, Helen Cox, Ken Marziale, Maria H. Sarquis, Leila M. Harari, Florencia Freire, Rocio Harari, Natalia Monroy, Magda V. Quintana, Leonardo A. Rojas, Marianela Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar Harris, E. Clare Vargas-Prada, Sergio Martinez, J. Miguel Delclos, George Benavides, Fernando G. Carugno, Michele Ferrario, Marco M. Pesatori, Angela C. Chatzi, Leda Bitsios, Panos Kogevinas, Manolis Oha, Kristel Sirk, Tuuli Sadeghian, Ali Peiris-John, Roshini J. Sathiakumar, Nalini Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha Yoshimura, Noriko Kielkowski, Danuta Kelsall, Helen L. Hoe, Victor C. W. Urquhart, Donna M. Derett, Sarah McBride, David Gray, Andrew TI The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) Study: Methods of Data Collection and Characteristics of Study Sample SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; NEW-ZEALAND NURSES; RISK-FACTORS; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS; NECK PAIN; WORK-RELATEDNESS; POSTAL WORKERS; OFFICE WORKERS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE AB Background: The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study was established to explore the hypothesis that common musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associated disability are importantly influenced by culturally determined health beliefs and expectations. This paper describes the methods of data collection and various characteristics of the study sample. Methods/Principal Findings: A standardised questionnaire covering musculoskeletal symptoms, disability and potential risk factors, was used to collect information from 47 samples of nurses, office workers, and other (mostly manual) workers in 18 countries from six continents. In addition, local investigators provided data on economic aspects of employment for each occupational group. Participation exceeded 80% in 33 of the 47 occupational groups, and after pre-specified exclusions, analysis was based on 12,426 subjects (92 to 1018 per occupational group). As expected, there was high usage of computer keyboards by office workers, while nurses had the highest prevalence of heavy manual lifting in all but one country. There was substantial heterogeneity between occupational groups in economic and psychosocial aspects of work; three-to fivefold variation in awareness of someone outside work with musculoskeletal pain; and more than ten-fold variation in the prevalence of adverse health beliefs about back and arm pain, and in awareness of terms such as "repetitive strain injury" (RSI). Conclusions/Significance: The large differences in psychosocial risk factors (including knowledge and beliefs about MSDs) between occupational groups should allow the study hypothesis to be addressed effectively. C1 [Coggon, David; Ntani, Georgia; Palmer, Keith T.; Cox, Ken; Harris, E. Clare] Univ Southampton, MRC, Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Felli, Vanda E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Harari, Raul; Harari, Florencia; Freire, Rocio; Harari, Natalia] Corp Desarrollo Prod & Medio Ambiente Laboral, IFA Inst Dev Prod & Work Environm, Quito, Ecuador. [Barrero, Lope H.; Monroy, Magda V.; Quintana, Leonardo A.] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Sch Engn, Bogota, Colombia. [Felknor, Sarah A.; Gimeno, David; Vega, Eduardo J. Salazar; Delclos, George] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, SW Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Felknor, Sarah A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cattrell, Anna] Kings Coll London, MRC, Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, Inst Psychiat, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Serra, Consol; Vargas-Prada, Sergio; Martinez, J. Miguel; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.] Pompeu Fabra Univ, Ctr Res Occupat Hlth CiSAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Serra, Consol; Martinez, J. Miguel; Delclos, George; Benavides, Fernando G.] Carlos III Hlth Inst, Biomed Res Networking Ctr Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Granada, Spain. [Serra, Consol] Parc Salut MAR, Dept Occupat Hlth, Barcelona, Spain. [Bonzini, Matteo; Ferrario, Marco M.] Univ Insubria, Epidemiol & Prevent Med Res Ctr, Varese, Italy. [Solidaki, Eleni; Chatzi, Leda] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Dept Social Med, Iraklion, Greece. [Merisalu, Eda] Univ Tartu, Dept Publ Hlth, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Habib, Rima R.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Environm Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon. [Sadeghian, Farideh] Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Fac Hlth, Dept Occupat Hlth, Shahroud, Iran. [Kadir, Masood] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Karachi, Pakistan. [Warnakulasuriya, Sudath S. P.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Fac Med Sci, Dept Med Educ & Hlth Sci, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Matsudaira, Ko] Kanto Rosai Hosp, Clin Res Ctr Occupat Musculoskeletal Disorders, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe; Kielkowski, Danuta] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Nyantumbu, Busisiwe; Kielkowski, Danuta] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Sim, Malcolm R.; Kelsall, Helen L.; Hoe, Victor C. W.; Urquhart, Donna M.] Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Harcombe, Helen; McBride, David; Gray, Andrew] Univ Otago, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Marziale, Maria H.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Sarquis, Leila M.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Rojas, Marianela] Natl Univ Costa Rica, Inst Studies Toxic Subst IRET, Heredia, Costa Rica. [Carugno, Michele; Pesatori, Angela C.] Univ Milan, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Milan, Italy. [Pesatori, Angela C.] Fdn Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Milan, Italy. [Bitsios, Panos] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Iraklion, Greece. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] IMIM Hosp Mar, Res Inst, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Consorcio Invest Biomed Epidemiol & Salud Publ CI, Barcelona, Spain. [Kogevinas, Manolis] Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Athens, Greece. [Oha, Kristel] N Estonia Med Ctr, Tallinn, Estonia. [Sirk, Tuuli] Polva Hosp, Polva, Estonia. [Sadeghian, Ali] Klinikum Leverkusen, Leverkusen, Germany. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Fac Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka. [Peiris-John, Roshini J.] Univ Auckland, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Populat Hlth, Sect Epidemiol & Biostat, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Sathiakumar, Nalini] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha] Univ Kalaniya, Fac Med, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. [Yoshimura, Noriko] Univ Tokyo, Dept Joint Dis Res, Tokyo, Japan. [Hoe, Victor C. W.] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Hoe, Victor C. W.] Univ Otago, Injury Prevent Res Unit, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Coggon, D (reprint author), Univ Southampton, MRC, Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. RI Benavides, Fernando/A-5137-2008; Serra, C/E-6879-2014; harari, florencia/O-3786-2014; Vargas-Prada, S/I-3065-2014; Harari, Raul/E-1241-2015; McBride, David/F-9664-2010; Hoe, VICTOR/B-5190-2010; Gray, Andrew/L-9161-2015; Bonzini, Matteo/K-7540-2016; FELLI, VANDA/H-5942-2012; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017 OI Monroy Silva, Magda Viviana/0000-0002-6185-5999; pesatori, angela/0000-0002-0261-3252; Kelsall, Helen/0000-0003-0664-3376; Marziale, Maria Helena Palucci/0000-0003-2790-3333; Peiris-John, Roshini/0000-0001-7812-2268; Ferrario, Marco M/0000-0003-2741-7124; Benavides, Fernando/0000-0003-0747-2660; Serra, C/0000-0001-8337-8356; harari, florencia/0000-0002-0362-579X; Vargas-Prada, S/0000-0002-0713-5392; Harari, Raul/0000-0002-1829-5316; McBride, David/0000-0001-5531-7687; Hoe, VICTOR/0000-0002-8073-157X; Gray, Andrew/0000-0003-4299-2194; Bonzini, Matteo/0000-0002-6405-7554; FELLI, VANDA/0000-0001-7250-4353; FU UK Medical Research Council; Colombia: United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5D43 TW00 0644-13, 0005919H]; NIH [5D43 TW00 0644-15, 0005919J]; National Institutes of Health and the Fogarty International Center (NIH-FIC) [5 D43 TWO5750]; NHMRC by the Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia; VCWH by the Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia FX Funding for the central coordination of the CUPID study was provided by the UK Medical Research Council (www.mrc.ac.uk). In addition, support for data collection in individual countries was obtained from the following sources: Brazil: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Ecuador: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Colombia: United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) (www.grants.nih.gov) Grant 5D43 TW00 0644-13, sub-award 0005919H; NIH Grant 5D43 TW00 0644-15, sub-award 0005919J; and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (www.javeriana.edu.co). Costa Rica: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Nicaragua: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). UK: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Spain: Spanish Health Research Fund (www.imia.medinfo.org) (FIS 070422), and Epidemiology and Public Health CIBER. Carlos III Institute of Health. Ministry of Science and Innovation. Italy: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria (www.unisubria.eu), Varese, Italy. Greece: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Estonia: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Lebanon: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Iran: Deputy for Training and Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences (www.shmu.ac.ir). Pakistan: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Sri Lanka: International Training and Research in Environmental and Occupational Health (ITREOH) Program of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (Grant number 5 D43 TWO5750 from the National Institutes of Health and the Fogarty International Center (NIH-FIC)) (www.fic.nih.gov/Programs/Pages/environmental-occupational-health.aspx). Japan: University of Tokyo (www.u-tokyo.ac.up/en/. South Africa: Colt Foundation (www.coltfoundation.org.uk) (CF/03/05). Australia: Monash University Strategic Grant Scheme and Monash University Near Miss Grant for NHMRC projects in 2008 (www.monash.edu.au). HLK and DMU were supported by Fellowships from NHMRC, and VCWH by the Ministry of Higher Education in Malaysia. New Zealand: Health Research Council of New Zealand (International Investment Opportunity Fund Grant) (www.hrc.govt.nz). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e39820 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039820 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 974UB UT WOS:000306461800020 PM 22792189 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Grosse, SD Grant, AM Reyes, NL Hooper, WC Atrash, HK AF Tsai, James Grosse, Scott D. Grant, Althea M. Reyes, Nimia L. Hooper, W. Craig Atrash, Hani K. TI Correlates of In-Hospital Deaths among Hospitalizations with Pulmonary Embolism: Findings from the 2001-2008 National Hospital Discharge Survey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CASE-FATALITY RATE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM RISK; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; CARE; PREVENTION AB Background: Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE) are responsible for substantial mortality, morbidity, and impaired health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlates of in-hospital deaths among hospitalizations with a diagnosis of PE in the United States. Methods: By using data from the 2001-2008 National Hospital Discharge Survey, we assessed the correlates of in-hospital deaths among 14,721 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of PE and among subgroups stratified by age, sex, race, days of hospital stay, type of admission, cancer, pneumonia, and fractures. We produced adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals using log-linear multivariate regression models. Results: Regardless of the listing position of diagnostic codes, we observed an increased likelihood of in-hospital death in subgroups of hospitalizations with ages 50 years and older (aRR = 1.82-8.48), less than 7 days of hospital stay (aRR = 1.43-1.57), cancer (aRR = 2.10-2.28), pneumonia (aRR = 1.79-2.20), or fractures (aRR = 2.18) (except for first-listed PE), when compared to the reference groups with ages 1-49 years, 7 days or more of hospital stay, without cancer, pneumonia, or fractures while adjusting for covariates. In addition, we observed an increased likelihood of in-hospital death for first-listed PE in hospitalizations of women, when compared to those of men (aRR = 1.45). Conclusions: The results of this study provide support for identifying, developing, and implementing effective, evidence-based clinical assessment and management strategies to reduce PE-related morbidity and mortality among hospitalized PE patients who may have concurrent health conditions including cancer, pneumonia, and fractures. C1 [Tsai, James; Grosse, Scott D.; Grant, Althea M.; Reyes, Nimia L.; Hooper, W. Craig; Atrash, Hani K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e34048 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0034048 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 974UB UT WOS:000306461800001 PM 22792153 ER PT J AU Goodson, JL Chu, SY Rota, PA Moss, WJ Featherstone, DA Vijayaraghavan, M Thompson, KM Martin, R Reef, S Strebel, PM AF Goodson, James L. Chu, Susan Y. Rota, Paul A. Moss, William J. Featherstone, David A. Vijayaraghavan, Maya Thompson, Kimberly M. Martin, Rebecca Reef, Susan Strebel, Peter M. TI Research priorities for global measles and rubella control and eradication SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles; Rubella; Eradication; Research; Immunization; Vaccines ID OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; VIROLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE; VACCINATION CAMPAIGN; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROGRESS; AFRICA; IMPACT; ELIMINATION AB In 2010, an expert advisory panel convened by the World Health Organization to assess the feasibility of measles eradication concluded that (1) measles can and should be eradicated, (2) eradication by 2020 is feasible if measurable progress is made toward existing 2015 measles mortality reduction targets, (3) measles eradication activities should occur in the context of strengthening routine immunization services, and (4) measles eradication activities should be used to accelerate control and elimination of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The expert advisory panel also emphasized the critical role of research and innovation in any disease control or eradication program. In May 2011, a meeting was held to identify and prioritize research priorities to support measles and rubella/CRS control and potential eradication activities. This summary presents the questions identified by the meeting participants and their relative priority within the following categories: (1) measles epidemiology, (2) vaccine development and alternative vaccine delivery, (3) surveillance and laboratory methods, (4) immunization strategies, (5) mathematical modeling and economic analyses, and (6) rubella/CRS control and elimination. C1 [Goodson, James L.; Chu, Susan Y.; Vijayaraghavan, Maya; Reef, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpes Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moss, William J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Featherstone, David A.; Strebel, Peter M.] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, Newton, MA USA. [Martin, Rebecca] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Immunizat Programme, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGoodson@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding: World Health Organization, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Financial interest: The authors do not have a financial or proprietary interest in a product, method, or material or lack thereof. Conflict of interest statement: None. Previous presentation: None NR 80 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 32 BP 4709 EP 4716 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.058 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 978UJ UT WOS:000306771000001 PM 22549089 ER PT J AU Pajewski, NM Shrestha, S Quinn, CP Parker, SD Wiener, H Aissani, B McKinney, BA Poland, GA Edberg, JC Kimberly, RP Tang, JM Kaslow, RA AF Pajewski, Nicholas M. Shrestha, Sadeep Quinn, Conrad P. Parker, Scott D. Wiener, Howard Aissani, Brahim McKinney, Brett A. Poland, Gregory A. Edberg, Jeffrey C. Kimberly, Robert P. Tang, Jianming Kaslow, Richard A. TI A genome-wide association study of host genetic determinants of the antibody response to Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Anthrax vaccines; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial vaccines; Vaccination; Genome-wide association study ID MISSING HERITABILITY; HUMAN HEIGHT; POPULATION; LOCI; IGG; IMMUNOGENICITY; INFLUENZA; VARIANTS; HUMANS; TRIAL AB Several lines of evidence have supported a host genetic contribution to vaccine response, but genome-wide assessments for specific determinants have been sparse. Here we describe a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of protective antigen-specific antibody (AbPA) responses among 726 European-Americans who received Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) as part of a clinical trial. After quality control, 736,996 SNPs were tested for association with the AbPA response to 3 or 4 AVA vaccinations given over a 6-month period. No SNP achieved the threshold of genome-wide significance (p = 5 x 10(-8)), but suggestive associations (p < 1 x 10(-5)) were observed for SNPs in or near the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), in the promoter region of SPSB1, and adjacent to MEX3C. Multivariable regression modeling suggested that much of the association signal within the MHC corresponded to previously identified HLA DR-DQ haplotypes involving component HLA-DRB1 alleles of *15:01, *01:01, or *01:02. We estimated the proportion of additive genetic variance explained by common SNP variation for the AbPA response after the 6 month vaccination. This analysis indicated a significant, albeit imprecisely estimated, contribution of variation tagged by common polymorphisms (p = 0.032). Future studies will be required to replicate these findings in European Americans and to further elucidate the host genetic factors underlying variable immune response to AVA. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pajewski, Nicholas M.] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat Sci, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Shrestha, Sadeep; Wiener, Howard; Aissani, Brahim; Kaslow, Richard A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Parker, Scott D.; Tang, Jianming; Kaslow, Richard A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [McKinney, Brett A.] Univ Tulsa, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Vaccine Res Grp, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Edberg, Jeffrey C.; Kimberly, Robert P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Pajewski, NM (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat Sci, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Med Ctr Blvd,Wells Fargo Ctr 2136, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM npajewsk@wakehealth.edu OI Tang, Jianming/0000-0003-0137-7486; Kimberly, Robert/0000-0002-5330-3086 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01-AI40068, 272201000023C-0-0-1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Role of the funding source: This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through contracts N01-AI40068 and 272201000023C-0-0-1, and in part by research computing resources acquired and managed by University of Alabama at Birmingham IT Research Computing. Samples used in this study were made available through a clinical trial funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including a supplemental grant to GAP. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, or the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Disclosures: GAP has served as a consultant to Emergent Biosolutions Inc. (Rockville, MD, USA). NR 44 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 32 BP 4778 EP 4784 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.032 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 978UJ UT WOS:000306771000011 PM 22658931 ER PT J AU Graitcer, SB Dube, NL Basurto-Davila, R Smith, PF Ferdinands, J Thompson, M Uzicanin, A Gargiullo, P Chaves, SS Robinson, S Sears, S Tipton, M Monto, AS Mills, D Shay, DK AF Graitcer, Samuel B. Dube, Nancy L. Basurto-Davila, Ricardo Smith, Peter F. Ferdinands, Jill Thompson, Mark Uzicanin, Amra Gargiullo, Paul Chaves, Sandra S. Robinson, Sara Sears, Stephen Tipton, Meredith Monto, Arnold S. Mills, Dora Shay, David K. TI Effects of immunizing school children with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) monovalent vaccine on absenteeism among students and teachers in Maine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Absenteeism; Influenza; Influenza A H1N1 subtype; Schools; Vaccination ID VIRUS INFECTIONS; INDIRECT IMPACT; SCHOOLCHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAK; FAMILIES; EFFICACY; ILLNESS AB The overall and indirect effects of immunizing school children with influenza A (H1N1) 2009 pandemic virus vaccine prior to and during the peak of virus circulation were evaluated on student and teacher school absenteeism. We used records collected from late 2009 through early 2010 from schools in four Maine counties. Mixed logistic regression models were used to estimate the daily association between school-level immunization coverage and absenteeism by level of influenza activity, after adjusting for the proportion of students receiving reduced-cost lunches, student minority status, absences adjacent to weekends and Thanksgiving, rural school location, and the circulation of other respiratory viruses. Increasing student immunization coverage was associated with reduced absenteeism during periods of high influenza activity. For example, as immunization coverage during the peak week of pandemic virus circulation increased from 38% to 69% (the 10th and 90th percentiles of observed coverage, respectively), relative reductions in daily absenteeism among all students, unimmunized students, and teachers were 8.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5, 9.9), 5.7% (95% Cl: 4.2, 7.3), and 8.7% (95% Cl; 1.3, 16), respectively. Increased vaccination coverage among school-aged Maine children had modest overall and indirect effects on student and teacher absenteeism, despite vaccination occurring just prior and during peak pandemic virus circulation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Graitcer, Samuel B.; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dube, Nancy L.] Maine Dept Educ, Augusta, ME USA. [Basurto-Davila, Ricardo] Los Angeles Cty, Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. [Smith, Peter F.; Robinson, Sara; Sears, Stephen; Mills, Dora] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. [Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tipton, Meredith] Tipton Enterprises Inc, Portland, ME 04106 USA. [Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Shay, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SGraitcer@cdc.gov; Nancy.Dube@maine.gov; ribasurto-davila@ph.lacounty.gov; Peter.F.Smith@maine.gov; JFerdinands@cdc.gov; MThompson@cdc.gov; AUzicanin@cdc.gov; PGargiullo@cdc.gov; SDosSantosChaves@cdc.gov; Sara.Robinson@maine.gov; Stephen.Sears@maine.gov; mltipton1@gmail.com; asmonto@umich.edu; doraamills@gmail.com; DShay@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Sanofi-Pasteur; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Maine Center for Disease Control FX Contributors: All authors have made substantial contributions to the conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, drafting and/or critical revision of this article for its intellectual content, and have issued final approval of the version published. Conflicts of interests and disclosures: Arnold S. Monto is principal investigator on an unrestricted grant to the University of Michigan from Sanofi-Pasteur and serves as a consultant to Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline. No other authors have any affiliation, financial agreement, or involvement with a company whose product figures prominently in this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funding: Funding for this work was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Maine Center for Disease Control. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 32 BP 4835 EP 4841 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.008 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 978UJ UT WOS:000306771000019 PM 22609012 ER PT J AU van't Hoog, AH Meme, HK Laserson, KF Agaya, JA Muchiri, BG Githui, WA Odeny, LO Marston, BJ Borgdorff, MW AF van't Hoog, Anna H. Meme, Helen K. Laserson, Kayla F. Agaya, Janet A. Muchiri, Benson G. Githui, Willie A. Odeny, Lazarus O. Marston, Barbara J. Borgdorff, Martien W. TI Screening Strategies for Tuberculosis Prevalence Surveys: The Value of Chest Radiography and Symptoms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS TUBERCULOSIS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; TRIBAL POPULATION; HIV; BURDEN; COMMUNITY; DIAGNOSIS; DISTRICT; PROGRAM; UGANDA AB Background: We conducted a tuberculosis (TB) prevalence survey and evaluated the screening methods used in our survey, to assess if screening in TB prevalence surveys could be simplified, and to assess the accuracy of screening algorithms that may be applicable for active case finding. Methods: All participants with a positive screen on either a symptom questionnaire, chest radiography (CXR) and/or sputum smear microscopy submitted sputum for culture. HIV status was obtained from prevalent cases. We estimated the accuracy of modified screening strategies with bacteriologically confirmed TB as the gold standard, and compared these with other survey reports. We also assessed whether sequential rather than parallel application of symptom, CXR and HIV screening would substantially reduce the number of participants requiring CXR and/or sputum culture. Results: Presence of any abnormality on CXR had 94% (95%CI 88-98) sensitivity (92% in HIV-infected and 100% in HIV-uninfected) and 73% (95%CI 68-77) specificity. Symptom screening combinations had significantly lower sensitivity than CXR except for 'any TB symptom' which had 90% (95%CI 84-95) sensitivity (96% in HIV-infected and 82% in HIV-uninfected) and 32% (95%CI 30-34) specificity. Smear microscopy did not yield additional suspects, thus the combined symptom/CXR screen applied in the survey had 100% (95%CI 97-100) sensitivity. Specificity was 65% (95%CI 61-68). Sequential application of first a symptom screen for 'any symptom', followed by CXR-evaluation and different suspect criteria depending on HIV status would result in the largest reduction of the need for CXR and sputum culture, approximately 36%, but would underestimate prevalence by 11%. Conclusion: CXR screening alone had higher accuracy compared to symptom screening alone. Combined CXR and symptom screening had the highest sensitivity and remains important for suspect identification in TB prevalence surveys in settings where bacteriological sputum examination of all participants is not feasible. C1 [van't Hoog, Anna H.; Laserson, Kayla F.; Agaya, Janet A.; Muchiri, Benson G.; Odeny, Lazarus O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [van't Hoog, Anna H.; Borgdorff, Martien W.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Meme, Helen K.; Githui, Willie A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Resp Dis Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla F.; Marston, Barbara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP van't Hoog, AH (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. EM a.h.vanthoog@amc.uva.nl FU US President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief; United States Agency for International Development through John's Hopkins University; Gates Foundation FX Support provided by The US President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief; www.pepfar.gov, United States Agency for International Development through John's Hopkins University and protocol development was also supported by the Gates Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 6 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e38691 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038691 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 974UB UT WOS:000306461800004 PM 22792158 ER PT J AU Bradman, A Castorina, R Sjodin, A Fenster, L Jones, RS Harley, KG Chevrier, J Holland, NT Eskenazi, B AF Bradman, Asa Castorina, Rosemary Sjoedin, Andreas Fenster, Laura Jones, Richard S. Harley, Kim G. Chevrier, Jonathan Holland, Nina T. Eskenazi, Brenda TI Factors Associated with Serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Levels Among School-Age Children in the CHAMACOS Cohort SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT LATINA WOMEN; IN-HOUSE DUST; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HORMONE DISRUPTION; THYROID-HORMONE; EXPOSURE; CALIFORNIA; DETERMINANTS; POPULATION; MOTHERS AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of flame retardants historically used in textiles, furniture, and electronic products. Recent studies have documented widespread PBDE exposure to humans, with higher levels measured in children than adults. We analyzed 10 tri- to hepta-BDE congener levels in blood collected from 7-year old Mexican-American children living in an agriculture community in California (n = 272). The most frequently detected PBDE congeners in child serum were BDE-47, -99, -100, and -153, all of which were measured in >99% of the children. We used multiple linear regression models to examine associations between child total PBDE levels (ng/g lipid) and determinants of exposure. Factors positively associated with higher PBDE levels in the children were total PBDE levels in maternal serum during pregnancy, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and having no safe places to play in their neighborhood. Child BMI was inversely associated with serum PBDE levels (regression p-values <0.05). Our findings confirm that exposure to the penta-BDE mixture is ongoing, and that Mexican-American children living in California may be experiencing higher PBDE exposure from their environment compared to children sampled from the general U.S. population. Additional research is needed to assess the health impacts of these exposures. C1 [Bradman, Asa; Castorina, Rosemary; Fenster, Laura; Harley, Kim G.; Chevrier, Jonathan; Holland, Nina T.; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, CERCH, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bradman, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, CERCH, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM abradman@berkeley.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU NIEHS [PO1 ES009605, RO1 ES015572]; EPA [RD 83451301] FX This work was supported by PO1 ES009605 and RO1 ES015572 from NIEHS and RD 83451301 from EPA. This paper has not been formally reviewed by the EPA or NIH. The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We gratefully acknowledge the CHAMACOS staff, students, community partners, and, especially, the CHAMACOS participants and their families, without whom this study would not be possible. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 3 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 13 BP 7373 EP 7381 DI 10.1021/es3003487 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 966ZS UT WOS:000305876500063 PM 22668079 ER PT J AU Masanja, IM Selemani, M Amuri, B Kajungu, D Khatib, R Kachur, SP Skarbinski, J AF Masanja, Irene M. Selemani, Majige Amuri, Baraka Kajungu, Dan Khatib, Rashid Kachur, S. Patrick Skarbinski, Jacek TI Increased use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests improves targeting of anti-malarial treatment in rural Tanzania: implications for nationwide rollout of malaria rapid diagnostic tests SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria rapid diagnostic tests; ACT; HDSS; INDEPTH network; Tanzania ID IMPLEMENTATION; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; LEVEL AB Background: The World Health Organization recommends parasitological confirmation of all malaria cases. Tanzania is implementing a phased rollout of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for routine use in all levels of care as one strategy to increase parasitological confirmation of malaria diagnosis. This study was carried out to evaluated artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) prescribing patterns in febrile patients with and without uncomplicated malaria in one pre-RDT implementation and one post-RDT implementation area. Methods: A cross-sectional health facility surveys was conducted during high and low malaria transmission seasons in 2010 in both areas. Clinical information and a reference blood film on all patients presenting for an initial illness consultation were collected. Malaria was defined as a history of fever in the past 48 h and microscopically confirmed parasitaemia. Routine diagnostic testing was defined as RDT or microscopy ordered by the health worker and performed at the health facility as part of the health worker-patient consultation. Correct diagnostic testing was defined as febrile patient tested with RDT or microscopy. Over-testing was defined as a non-febrile patient tested with RDT or microscopy. Correct treatment was defined as patient with malaria prescribed ACT. Over-treatment was defined as patient without malaria prescribed ACT. Results: A total of 1,247 febrile patients (627 from pre-implementation area and 620 from post-implementation area) were included in the analysis. In the post-RDT implementation area, 80.9% (95% CI, 68.2-89.3) of patients with malaria received recommended treatment with ACT compared to 70.3% (95% CI, 54.7-82.2) of patients in the pre-RDT implementation area. Correct treatment was significantly higher in the post-implementation area during high transmission season (85.9% (95% CI, 72.0-93.6) compared to 58.3% (95% CI, 39.4-75.1) in pre-implementation area (p = 0.01). Over-treatment with ACT of patients without malaria was less common in the post-RDT implementation area (20.9%; 95% CI, 14.7-28.8) compared to the pre-RDT implementation area (45.8%; 95% CI, 37.2-54.6) (p < 0.01) in high transmission. The odds of overtreatment was significantly lower in post-RDT area (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR: 95% CI) 0.57(0.36-0.89); and much higher with clinical diagnosis adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.24(1.37-3.67) Conclusion: Implementation of RDTs increased use of RDTs for parasitological confirmation and reduced over-treatment with ACT during high malaria transmission season in one area in Tanzania. Continued monitoring of the national RDT rollout will be needed to assess whether these changes in case management practices will be replicated in other areas and sustained over time. Additional measures (such as refresher trainings, closer supervisions, etc.) may be needed to improve ACT targeting during low transmission seasons. C1 [Masanja, Irene M.; Selemani, Majige; Amuri, Baraka; Khatib, Rashid] Ifakara Hlth Inst, INESS Programme, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Masanja, Irene M.; Selemani, Majige; Amuri, Baraka; Kajungu, Dan; Khatib, Rashid; Kachur, S. Patrick; Skarbinski, Jacek] INDEPTH Network Effectiveness & Safety Studies An, Accra, Ghana. [Masanja, Irene M.] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [Masanja, Irene M.] Univ Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Kachur, S. Patrick; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Masanja, IM (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, INESS Programme, POB 78373, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. EM imasanja@ihi.or.tz RI AMURI, Mbaraka/C-5386-2011 OI AMURI, Mbaraka/0000-0002-8583-9555 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX The authors wish to thank the many investigators, data collectors and field supervisors who contributed to the collection and analyses of these data. In addition, we wish to acknowledge the community members who participated in or otherwise contributed to these studies. This work was conducted as part of the INESS platform, a multi-country consortium funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The findings and conclusions presented in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ifakara Health Institute, or the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 18 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 221 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-11-221 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 019LI UT WOS:000309740700001 PM 22747655 ER PT J AU Chauncey, KM Lopez, MC Sidhu, G Szarowicz, SE Baker, HV Quinn, C Southwick, FS AF Chauncey, Kassidy M. Lopez, M. Cecilia Sidhu, Gurjit Szarowicz, Sarah E. Baker, Henry V. Quinn, Conrad Southwick, Frederick S. TI Bacillus anthracis' lethal toxin induces broad transcriptional responses in human peripheral monocytes SO BMC IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC CELLS; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; COMPONENTS; INCREASES; INFECTION; PATHOLOGY AB Background: Anthrax lethal toxin (LT), produced by the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis, is a highly effective zinc dependent metalloprotease that cleaves the N-terminus of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK or MEKs) and is known to play a role in impairing the host immune system during an inhalation anthrax infection. Here, we present the transcriptional responses of LT treated human monocytes in order to further elucidate the mechanisms of LT inhibition on the host immune system. Results: Western Blot analysis demonstrated cleavage of endogenous MEK1 and MEK3 when human monocytes were treated with 500 ng/mL LT for four hours, proving their susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin. Furthermore, staining with annexin V and propidium iodide revealed that LT treatment did not induce human peripheral monocyte apoptosis or necrosis. Using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Arrays, we identified over 820 probe sets differentially regulated after LT treatment at the p <0.001 significance level, interrupting the normal transduction of over 60 known pathways. As expected, the MAPKK signaling pathway was most drastically affected by LT, but numerous genes outside the well-recognized pathways were also influenced by LT including the IL-18 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor pathway and the IFN alpha signaling pathway. Multiple genes involved in actin regulation, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and cytokine signaling were identified after treatment with anthrax LT. Conclusion: We conclude LT directly targets human peripheral monocytes and causes multiple aberrant gene responses that would be expected to be associated with defects in human monocyte's normal signaling transduction pathways and function. This study provides further insights into the mechanisms associated with the host immune system collapse during an anthrax infection, and suggests that anthrax LT may have additional downstream targets outside the well-known MAPK pathway. C1 [Chauncey, Kassidy M.; Sidhu, Gurjit; Szarowicz, Sarah E.; Southwick, Frederick S.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Lopez, M. Cecilia; Baker, Henry V.] Univ Florida, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, USA, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Quinn, Conrad] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Southwick, FS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM southfs@medicine.ufl.edu OI Baker, Henry/0000-0002-8273-5320 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1AI064891]; University of Florida Open-Access Publishing Fund FX We thank Dr. Lyle Moldawer for his guidance and assistance in the flow cytometry analysis. The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health RO1AI064891. Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open-Access Publishing Fund. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2172 J9 BMC IMMUNOL JI BMC Immunol. PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 33 DI 10.1186/1471-2172-13-33 PG 26 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 024UE UT WOS:000310133700001 PM 22747600 ER PT J AU Kruger, J Trosclair, A Rosenthal, A Babb, S Rodes, R AF Kruger, Judy Trosclair, Angela Rosenthal, Abby Babb, Steve Rodes, Robert TI Physician advice on avoiding secondhand smoke exposure and referrals for smoking cessation services SO TOBACCO INDUCED DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Secondhand smoke; Cessation; Physician; Advice and Referral ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH AB Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes premature death and disease. Eliminating smoking in indoor spaces is the only way to fully protect nonsmokers from SHS exposure, and also contributes to helping smokers quit smoking. Primary health care providers can play an important role in advising nonsmoking patients to avoid SHS exposure, cautioning current smokers against exposing others to SHS, and referring tobacco users to cessation programs. Methods: The purpose of this paper is to examine primary care provider (obstetricians/gynecologists, pediatricians, and general practitioners) advice regarding SHS exposure and referral to cessation programs. Using data from the 2008 DocStyles survey (n = 1,454), we calculated the prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for offering patients advice regarding SHS exposure and referring adults who smoked or used other tobacco products to a cessation program. Results: The current study found that among a convenience sample of primary care providers, 94.9% encouraged parents to take steps to protect children from SHS exposure, 86.1% encouraged smokers to make their homes and cars smoke-free, and 77.4% encouraged nonsmokers to avoid SHS exposure. Approximately 44.0% of primary care providers usually or always referred patients who smoked or used tobacco products to cessation programs such as a quitline, a group cessation class, or one-on-one counseling. Conclusion: Findings from a convenience sample of primary care providers who participated in a web-based survey, suggests that many primary care providers are advising parents to protect children from SHS exposure, encouraging patients who smoke to maintain smoke-free homes and cars, and advising smokers on ways to avoid exposing others to SHS. Healthcare providers are encouraged to advise patients to avoid SHS exposure and to refer patients who use tobacco products to cessation services. C1 [Kruger, Judy; Trosclair, Angela; Rosenthal, Abby; Babb, Steve; Rodes, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kruger, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,M-S-K 50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jkruger@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1617-9625 J9 TOB INDUC DIS JI Tob. Induc. Dis. PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 10 AR 10 DI 10.1186/1617-9625-10-10 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 254WI UT WOS:000327199300001 PM 22748198 ER PT J AU Mack, KA Dellinger, A West, BA AF Mack, Karin A. Dellinger, Ann West, Bethany A. TI Adult opinions about the age at which children can be left home alone, bathe alone, or bike alone: Second Injury Control and Risk Survey (ICARIS-2) SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE injury; prevention; children; supervision; social norms ID UNITED-STATES; SUPERVISION; PREVENTION; SAFETY AB Problem: This study describes adult opinions about child supervision during various activities. Methods: Data come from a survey of U.S. adults. Respondents were asked the minimum age a child could safely: stay home alone; bathe alone; or ride a bike alone. Respondents with children were asked if their child had ever been allowed to: play outside alone; play in a room at home for more than 10 minutes alone; bathe with another child; or bathe alone. Results: The mean age that adults believed a child could be home alone was 13.0years (95% CI=12.9-13.1), bathe alone was 7.5years (95% CI=7.4-7.6), or bike alone was 10.1 years (95% CI= 10.0-10.3). There were significant differences by income, education, and race. Discussion: Assessing adult's understanding of the appropriate age for independent action helps set a context for providing guidance on parental supervision. Guidelines for parents should acknowledge social norms and child development stages. Impact on Industry: Knowledge of social norms can help guide injury prevention messages for parents. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mack, Karin A.; Dellinger, Ann; West, Bethany A.] Ctr Dis Conrol & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mack, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmack@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 3 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2012.06.001 PG 4 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 017ER UT WOS:000309573400010 PM 22974688 ER PT J AU Leite, D Cassiday, PK Tatti, KM Vaz, TMI Tondella, ML AF Leite, Daniela Cassiday, Pamela K. Tatti, Kathleen M. Ibelli Vaz, Tania Mara Tondella, Maria Lucia TI Serotypes and genetic profiles of Bordetella pertussis strains isolated in the city of Sao Paulo, 2006-2008 SO JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA LA English DT Article ID VACCINE; POLYMORPHISMS; DIVERSITY AB Objective: Knowledge of Bordetella pertussis circulating in Latin America is limited. Therefore, the goal of this study was to use pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and serotyping to characterize B. pertussis strains isolated in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This study, conducted between 2006 and 2008, analyzed 652 nasopharyngeal swabs from suspected pertussis cases and contacts, collected from 37 sentinel hospitals in Sao Paulo. Randomized samples of 91 (70%) strains of B. pertussis were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and serotyping. Results: Ninety-seven percent of strains from Sao Paulo were serotyped as Fim3. Fourteen pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles were identified; the most prevalent (57%) is also the most prevalent in the USA. Conclusions:These data, in conjunction with surveillance activities, may impact strategies regarding prevention and control of pertussis in the region, providing useful information for introduction of new vaccination strategies and reduction of risk of transmission to infants less than 6 months of age. C1 [Leite, Daniela; Ibelli Vaz, Tania Mara] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Pertussis Lab, BR-01246902 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Cassiday, Pamela K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tatti, Kathleen M.; Tondella, Maria Lucia] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Leite, D (reprint author), Adolfo Lutz Inst, Ctr Bacteriol, Natl Reference Lab Pertussis, Av Dr Arnaldo 351,90 Andar, BR-01246902 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM dedeleite@gmail.com RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 FU Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health [D43TW006592]; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, University of Pittsburgh [D43TW006592] FX Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, to the University of Pittsburgh (grant D43TW006592).; We thank Kinue Irino and Eliete Calo Romero for reviewing this manuscript and Leyva C. Melo for technical laboratory assistance. This study was supported in part by a grant from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, University of Pittsburgh (grant D43TW006592). NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC BRASIL PEDIATRIA PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA RUA SANTA CLARA 292, RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, CEP 22401-01, BRAZIL SN 0021-7557 J9 J PEDIAT-BRAZIL JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 88 IS 4 BP 357 EP 360 DI 10.2223/JPED.2186 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 000LY UT WOS:000308389000014 PM 22622958 ER PT J AU Nelson, KR Marienau, KJ Barskey, AE Schembri, C AF Nelson, Kailey R. Marienau, Karen J. Barskey, Albert E. Schembri, Christopher TI No evidence of mumps transmission during air travel, United States, November 1, 2006-October 31, 2010 SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mumps; Air travel; In-flight transmission; Transmission risk; Contact tracing ID HIGHLY VACCINATED POPULATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; OUTBREAK; STUDENTS AB Since November 2006, flight-related mumps contact investigations were conducted in the United States only for flights >= 5 h long after an investigation showed minimal risk of mumps transmission on flights <5 h. Because the transmission risk on longer flights had not been evaluated, we investigated whether there was evidence to support the guidelines. We examined data from mumps contact investigations that were initiated by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from November 2006 to October 2010. We also cross-referenced passenger-contact data with data on mumps cases in the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). Twenty-seven cases met inclusion criteria. Of 246 passengers identified as contacts, 166 (67%) were distributed to a US health department for contact tracing. Outcomes were reported for 21 (13%) of those 166 passengers. No secondary cases of mumps among passenger contacts were reported or identified by cross-referencing NNDSS data. The findings suggested that in-flight risk of mumps transmission is not high. Furthermore, these investigations have low yield, are resource intensive, there is no post-exposure prophylaxis, and mumps transmission has not been eliminated in the United States. Therefore, CDC discontinued conducting flight-related mumps contact investigations in May 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Nelson, Kailey R.; Marienau, Karen J.; Schembri, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barskey, Albert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marienau, KJ (reprint author), Suite 2168,7150 Humphrey Dr, Minneapolis, MN 55450 USA. EM kqm5@cdc.gov FU NCHM CDC HHS [5U38HM000414-04] NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 10 IS 4 BP 165 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.06.003 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 007RJ UT WOS:000308905500001 PM 22818340 ER PT J AU Wright, JS Wall, HK Briss, PA Schooley, M AF Wright, Janet S. Wall, Hilary K. Briss, Peter A. Schooley, Michael TI Million Hearts-Where Population Health and Clinical Practice Intersect SO CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES LA English DT Editorial Material DE community; hypercholesterolemia; hypertension; prevention; primary prevention ID VITAL SIGNS PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HYPERTENSION; ASSOCIATION; CHOLESTEROL; PREVENTION; ADULTS C1 [Wright, Janet S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. [Wall, Hilary K.; Briss, Peter A.; Schooley, Michael] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wright, JS (reprint author), Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Innovat, 7500 Secur Blvd,MS WB-06-05, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA. EM Janet.Wright@cms.hhs.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1941-7705 J9 CIRC-CARDIOVASC QUAL JI Circ.-Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes PD JUL PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 589 EP 591 DI 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.966978 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 002PO UT WOS:000308544500028 PM 22811503 ER PT J AU Ball, B Tharp, AT Noonan, RK Valle, LA Hamburger, ME Rosenbluth, B AF Ball, Barbara Tharp, Andra Teten Noonan, Rita K. Valle, Linda Anne Hamburger, Merle E. Rosenbluth, Barri TI Expect Respect Support Groups: Preliminary Evaluation of a Dating Violence Prevention Program for At-Risk Youth SO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN LA English DT Article DE program evaluation; school-based support groups; teen dating violence; violence prevention ID ADOLESCENT GIRLS; PARTNER VIOLENCE; AGGRESSION; VICTIMIZATION; CONFLICT; BEHAVIOR; MODELS AB Expect Respect support groups, a selective prevention strategy, are designed to prevent and reduce dating violence among at-risk middle and high school students. This preliminary, uncontrolled evaluation examined changes in healthy relationship skills and emotionally and physically abusive behaviors in participants' peer and dating relationships. Self-reports (N = 144) showed significant increases in healthy relationship skills from baseline to program completion, whereas levels of victimization and perpetration remained unchanged. A subgroup of students who reported baseline levels of victimization and perpetration with means at least one standard deviation above the group mean reported significantly less victimization and perpetration at program completion. C1 [Ball, Barbara; Rosenbluth, Barri] SafePlace, Austin, TX 78760 USA. [Tharp, Andra Teten; Noonan, Rita K.; Valle, Linda Anne; Hamburger, Merle E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ball, B (reprint author), SafePlace, POB 19454, Austin, TX 78760 USA. EM bball@SafePlace.org NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 18 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-8012 J9 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOM JI Violence Against Women PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 746 EP 762 DI 10.1177/1077801212455188 PG 17 WC Women's Studies SC Women's Studies GA 998HV UT WOS:000308229300003 PM 22872708 ER PT J AU Hwang, KP Wu, FT Banyai, K Wu, HS Yang, DCF Huang, YC Lin, JS Hsiung, CA Huang, JC Jiang, BM Gentsch, JR AF Hwang, Kao-Pin Wu, Fang-Tzy Banyai, Krisztian Wu, Ho-Sheng Yang, Dustin Chen-Fu Huang, Yhu-Chering Lin, Jen-Shiou Hsiung, Chao Agnes Huang, Jason C. Jiang, Baoming Gentsch, Jon R. TI Identification of porcine rotavirus-like genotype P[6] strains in Taiwanese children SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; FULL GENOMIC ANALYSIS; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PROVIDES EVIDENCE; DIVERSITY; ORIGIN; DIARRHEA; HUNGARY AB The molecular characterization of genotype P[6] rotavirus strains collected from children admitted to hospital with acute dehydrating diarrhoea during a 6-year surveillance period in Taiwan is described in this study. In total, three G4P[6] strains, one G5P[6] and one G12P[6] were characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the VP4, VP7, VP6 and NSP4 genes. Whilst all four genes of the single Taiwanese G12P[6] strain clustered with the respective genes of globally common human rotavirus strains, the G4 and G5 strains showed remarkable similarities to porcine rotavirus strains and putative porcine-origin human P[19] strains reported previously from Taiwan. The overall proportion of porcine rotavirus-like strains in Taiwan remains around 1% among hospitalized children; however, the circulation and sporadic transmission of these heterotypic strains from pigs to humans could pose a public-health concern. Therefore, continuation of strain monitoring is needed in the vaccine era to detect any possible vaccine breakthrough events associated with the introduction of such heterologous rotavirus strains. C1 [Wu, Fang-Tzy; Wu, Ho-Sheng; Yang, Dustin Chen-Fu] Ctr Dis Control, Dept Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan. [Hwang, Kao-Pin] China Med Univ, Sch Med, China Med Univ Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Dept Pediat, Taichung, Taiwan. [Wu, Fang-Tzy; Huang, Jason C.] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Lab Sci Med, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Wu, Ho-Sheng] Taipei Med Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Taipei, Taiwan. [Huang, Yhu-Chering] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Chang Gung Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Tao Yuan, Taiwan. [Lin, Jen-Shiou] Changhua Christian Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Changhua, Taiwan. [Hsiung, Chao Agnes] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Zhunan, Taiwan. [Jiang, Baoming; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wu, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Dept Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan. EM bkrota@hotmail.com; wuhs@cdc.gov.tw RI Hsiung, Chao Agnes/E-3994-2010; OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan [DOH98-DC-1005]; National Research Program for Genomic Medicine [94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences (OTKA) [PD76364, K100727, LP2011-010/2011] FX This study was financially supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Execute Yuan, Taiwan (research grant DOH98-DC-1005) and by the National Research Program for Genomic Medicine (supported grants: 94-0324-19-F-01-00-00, 95-0324-19-F01-00-00-00-35, 96-0324-01-F-01). K. B. is funded by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (OTKA, PD76364 and K100727; 'Momentum Program', LP2011-010/2011). NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 61 IS 7 BP 990 EP 997 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.042499-0 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 984QR UT WOS:000307206700015 PM 22466032 ER PT J AU Polson, KA Brogdon, WG Rawlins, SC Chadee, DD AF Polson, Karen A. Brogdon, William G. Rawlins, Samuel C. Chadee, Dave D. TI Impact of environmental temperatures on resistance to organophosphate insecticides in Aedes aegypti from Trinidad SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Culicidae; aedes; mosquito control; insecticide resistance; insecticides, organophosphate; temperature; Trinidad and Tobago ID GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES; DENGUE-FEVER; WEST-INDIES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; MOSQUITOS; POPULATIONS; MECHANISMS AB Objective. To examine the effects of increasing larval rearing temperatures on the resistance status of Trinidadian populations of Aedes aegypti to organophosphate (OP) insecticides. Methods. In 2007-2008, bioassays and biochemical assays were conducted on A. aegypti larvae collected in 2006 from eight geographically distinct areas in Trinidad (Trinidad and Tobago). Larval populations were reared at four temperatures (28 +/- 2 degrees C, 32 degrees C, 34 degrees C, and 36 degrees C) prior to bioassays with OP insecticides (fenthion, malathion, and temephos) and biochemical assays for esterase enzymes. Results. Most larval populations reared at 28 +/- 2 degrees C were susceptible to fenthion (>= 98% mortality) but resistant to malathion and temephos (< 80% mortality). A positive association was found between resistance to OP insecticides and increased activities of alpha- and beta-esterases in larval populations reared at 28 +/- 2 degrees C. Although larval populations reared at higher temperatures showed variations in resistance to OPs, there was a general increase in susceptibility. However, increases or decreases in activity levels of enzymes did not always correspond with an increase or decrease in the proportion of resistant individuals reared at higher temperatures. Conclusions. Although global warming may cause an increase in dengue transmission, based on the current results, the use of insecticides for dengue prevention and control may yet be effective if temperatures increase as projected. C1 [Polson, Karen A.; Chadee, Dave D.] Univ W Indies, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rawlins, Samuel C.] Caribbean Epidemiol Ctr CAREC, Port Of Spain, Trinid & Tobago. RP Chadee, DD (reprint author), Univ W Indies, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. EM chadee@tstt.net.tt NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 23 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD JUL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 991ND UT WOS:000307707400001 PM 22910718 ER PT J AU Li, CY Zeliadt, SB Hall, IJ Smith, JL Ekwueme, DU Moinpour, CM Penson, DF Thompson, IM Keane, TE Ramsey, SD AF Li, Chunyu Zeliadt, Steven B. Hall, Ingrid J. Smith, Judith Lee Ekwueme, Donatus U. Moinpour, Carol M. Penson, David F. Thompson, Ian M. Keane, Thomas E. Ramsey, Scott D. TI Willingness to Pay for Prostate Cancer Treatment among Patients and Their Family Members at 1 Year After Diagnosis SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Article DE family member; patient; prostate cancer; side effect; willingness to pay ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TREATMENT DECISION-MAKING; SEER-MEDICARE DATA; CARE; COSTS; TIME; MEN; SURGERY; COUPLES AB Objectives: To explore an alternative approach to quantifying the burden of side effects at 1 year after treatment for prostate cancer among both patients and their partners. Methods: We analyzed data from 75 couples in the Family and Cancer Therapy Selection study. Paired patients and family members were independently asked about their willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical new treatment that cures prostate cancer without side effects if they could reconsider their treatment decision by indicating the maximum amount they would be willing to pay given 11 separate "bids" ranging from $0 to $1500 per month. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted for patients and family members controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and health status; Spearman correlations were also examined. Results: Among 75 couples analyzed, the income-adjusted mean WTP estimates per month were $400.8 (standard error [SE] $54.3) for patients and $650.2 (SE 72.2) for family members. The WTP between patients and family members was correlated (Pearson rho 0.30; P = 0.01). After adjusting for covariates, the adjusted mean WTP per month was $588.1 (SE 65.77) for patients and $819.4 (SE 74.33) for family members. Wanting to avoid side effects at baseline predicted higher WTP for patients (P = 0.010). Experiencing sexual side effects was predictive of higher WTP for family members (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Fairly high WTP amounts for a hypothetical treatment without side effects suggests that patients and their partners are experiencing important burdens 1 year after treatment. The higher amounts partners are willing to pay and the correlation with sexual side effects suggest that they are perceptive of significant treatment burdens. C1 [Li, Chunyu; Hall, Ingrid J.; Smith, Judith Lee; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zeliadt, Steven B.; Moinpour, Carol M.; Ramsey, Scott D.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Publ Hlth Serv Div, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Zeliadt, Steven B.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. [Penson, David F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Inst Med & Publ Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Thompson, Ian M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Keane, Thomas E.] Med Univ S Carolina, Urol Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Cli11@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers Program, through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center [SIP 25-04 1-U48-DP-000050] FX This study was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number SIP 25-04 1-U48-DP-000050 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers Program, through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center. The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 15 IS 5 BP 716 EP 723 DI 10.1016/j.jval.2012.03.003 PG 8 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 986AH UT WOS:000307311100015 PM 22867781 ER PT J AU Cruz, AR Ramirez, LG Zuluaga, AV Pillay, A Abreu, C Valencia, CA La Vake, C Cervantes, JL Dunham-Ems, S Cartun, R Mavilio, D Radolf, JD Salazar, JC AF Cruz, Adriana R. Ramirez, Lady G. Zuluaga, Ana V. Pillay, Allan Abreu, Christine Valencia, Carlos A. La Vake, Carson Cervantes, Jorge L. Dunham-Ems, Star Cartun, Richard Mavilio, Domenico Radolf, Justin D. Salazar, Juan C. TI Immune Evasion and Recognition of the Syphilis Spirochete in Blood and Skin of Secondary Syphilis Patients: Two Immunologically Distinct Compartments SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI LIPOPROTEINS; OUTER-MEMBRANE ULTRASTRUCTURE; FRACTURE ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; FLOW-CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; HOST-DEFENSE MECHANISMS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; KILLER NK CELLS; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; DENDRITIC CELLS; T-CELLS AB Background: The clinical syndrome associated with secondary syphilis (SS) reflects the propensity of Treponema pallidum (Tp) to escape immune recognition while simultaneously inducing inflammation. Methods: To better understand the duality of immune evasion and immune recognition in human syphilis, herein we used a combination of flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and transcriptional profiling to study the immune response in the blood and skin of 27 HIV(-) SS patients in relation to spirochetal burdens. Ex vivo opsonophagocytosis assays using human syphilitic sera (HSS) were performed to model spirochete-monocyte/macrophage interactions in vivo. Results: Despite the presence of low-level spirochetemia, as well as immunophenotypic changes suggestive of monocyte activation, we did not detect systemic cytokine production. SS subjects had substantial decreases in circulating DCs and in IFN gamma-producing and cytotoxic NK-cells, along with an emergent CD562/CD16+ NK-cell subset in blood. Skin lesions, which had visible Tp by IHC and substantial amounts of Tp-DNA, had large numbers of macrophages (CD68+), a relative increase in CD8+ T-cells over CD4+ T-cells and were enriched for CD56+ NK-cells. Skin lesions contained transcripts for cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha), chemokines (CCL2, CXCL10), macrophage and DC activation markers (CD40, CD86), Fc-mediated phagocytosis receptors (Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma R3), IFN-beta and effector molecules associated with CD8 and NK-cell cytotoxic responses. While HSS promoted uptake of Tp in conjunction with monocyte activation, most spirochetes were not internalized. Conclusions: Our findings support the importance of macrophage driven opsonophagocytosis and cell mediated immunity in treponemal clearance, while suggesting that the balance between phagocytic uptake and evasion is influenced by the relative burdens of bacteria in blood and skin and the presence of Tp subpopulations with differential capacities for binding opsonic antibodies. They also bring to light the extent of the systemic innate and adaptive immunologic abnormalities that define the secondary stage of the disease, which in the skin of patients trends towards a T-cell cytolytic response. C1 [Cruz, Adriana R.; Ramirez, Lady G.; Zuluaga, Ana V.; Valencia, Carlos A.; Salazar, Juan C.] Ctr Internacl Entrenamiento & Invest Med CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. [Pillay, Allan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abreu, Christine] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Clin Res Ctr, Farmington, CT USA. [La Vake, Carson; Cervantes, Jorge L.; Radolf, Justin D.; Salazar, Juan C.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pediat, Farmington, CT USA. [La Vake, Carson; Dunham-Ems, Star; Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Farmington, CT USA. [Cartun, Richard] Hartford Hosp, Dept Pathol, Hartford, CT 06115 USA. [Mavilio, Domenico] Humanitas Clin & Res Ctr, Unit Clin & Expt Immunol, Milan, Italy. [Radolf, Justin D.; Salazar, Juan C.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Immunol, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, Justin D.; Salazar, Juan C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Hartford, CT USA. RP Cruz, AR (reprint author), Ctr Internacl Entrenamiento & Invest Med CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. EM jsalaza@ccmckids.org OI Mavilio, Domenico/0000-0001-6147-0952 FU Public Health Service [K23 AI62439, 5R03TW008023-3, AI-26756]; Connecticut Children's Medical Center's (CCMC) Arrison and Burr Curtis Research Funds; COLCIENCIAS [222940820554, U54 AI-057159] FX This work was supported in part by Public Health Service grants K23 AI62439 (JCS), 5R03TW008023-3 (JCS and AC), AI-26756 (JR), Connecticut Children's Medical Center's (CCMC) Arrison and Burr Curtis Research Funds (JCS), and COLCIENCIAS grants # 222940820554 (AC) and U54 AI-057159 (SDE). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 101 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 7 AR e1717 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001717 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 983ES UT WOS:000307101900011 PM 22816000 ER PT J AU Memish, ZA Fagbo, SF Assiri, AM Rollin, P Zaki, AM Charrel, R Mores, C MacNeil, A AF Memish, Ziad A. Fagbo, Shamsudeen F. Assiri, Abdullah M. Rollin, Pierre Zaki, Ali M. Charrel, Remi Mores, Chris MacNeil, Adam TI Alkhurma Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Proposed Guidelines for Detection, Prevention, and Control in Saudi Arabia SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KYASANUR-FOREST-DISEASE; INFECTION; TICKS; IXODIDAE; PROVINCE; HUMANS; NAJRAN C1 [Memish, Ziad A.; Fagbo, Shamsudeen F.; Assiri, Abdullah M.] Minist Hlth, Publ Hlth Directorate, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Rollin, Pierre; MacNeil, Adam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zaki, Ali M.] Doctor Soliman Fakeeh Hosp, Microbiol Lab, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Charrel, Remi] Fac Med Marseille, Unite Virus Emergents Emergence Pathol Virales UM, F-13385 Marseille, France. [Mores, Chris] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Memish, Ziad A.] Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Memish, ZA (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Publ Hlth Directorate, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. EM zmemish@yahoo.com OI Assiri, Abdullah/0000-0002-5605-2876; Fagbo, Shamsudeen/0000-0003-3448-6136 NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 7 AR e1604 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001604 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 983ES UT WOS:000307101900004 PM 22860139 ER PT J AU Qvarnstrom, Y Schijman, AG Veron, V Aznar, C Steurer, F da Silva, AJ AF Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Schijman, Alejandro G. Veron, Vincent Aznar, Christine Steurer, Francis da Silva, Alexandre J. TI Sensitive and Specific Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in Clinical Specimens Using a Multi-Target Real-Time PCR Approach SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; KINETOPLAST MINICIRCLE DNA; CHRONIC CHAGAS-DISEASE; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; BLOOD-SAMPLES; FOLLOW-UP; REACTION AMPLIFICATION; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION; ASSAY AB Background: The laboratory diagnosis of Chagas disease is challenging because the usefulness of different diagnostic tests will depend on the stage of the disease. Serology is the preferred method for patients in the chronic phase, whereas PCR can be successfully used to diagnose acute and congenital cases. Here we present data using a combination of three TaqMan PCR assays to detect T. cruzi DNA in clinical specimens. Methods/Principal Findings: Included in the analysis were DNA extracted from 320 EDTA blood specimens, 18 heart tissue specimens, 6 umbilical cord blood specimens, 2 skin tissue specimens and 3 CSF specimens. For the blood specimens both whole blood and buffy coat fraction were analyzed. The specimens were from patients living in the USA, with suspected exposure to T. cruzi through organ transplantation, contact with triatomine bugs or laboratory accidents, and from immunosuppressed patients with suspected Chagas disease reactivation. Real-time PCR was successfully used to diagnose acute and Chagas disease reactivation in 20 patients, including one case of organ-transmitted infection and one congenital case. Analysis of buffy coat fractions of EDTA blood led to faster diagnosis in six of these patients compared to whole blood analysis. The three real-time PCR assays produced identical results for 94% of the specimens. The major reason for discrepant results was variable sensitivity among the assays, but two of the real-time PCR assays also produced four false positive results. Conclusions/Significance: These data strongly indicate that at least two PCR assays with different performances should be combined to increase the accuracy. This evaluation also highlights the benefit of extracting DNA from the blood specimen's buffy coat to increase the sensitivity of PCR analysis. C1 [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Steurer, Francis; da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schijman, Alejandro G.] INGEBI CONICET, LabMeCh, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Veron, Vincent; Aznar, Christine] Fac Med H Bastaraud EA 3593, Lab Hosp & Univ CH Andree Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana. RP Qvarnstrom, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM abs8@cdc.gov FU US federal funds FX This study was supported by US federal funds, allocated at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 7 AR e1689 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001689 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 983ES UT WOS:000307101900007 PM 22802973 ER PT J AU Solomon, AW Engels, D Bailey, RL Blake, IM Brooker, S Chen, JX Chen, JH Churcher, TS Drakeley, CJ Edwards, T Fenwick, A French, M Gabrielli, AF Grassly, NC Harding-Esch, EM Holland, MJ Koukounari, A Lammie, PJ Leslie, J Mabey, DC Rhajaoui, M Secor, WE Stothard, JR Wei, H Willingham, AL Zhou, XN Peeling, RW AF Solomon, Anthony W. Engels, Dirk Bailey, Robin L. Blake, Isobel M. Brooker, Simon Chen, Jia-Xu Chen, Jun-Hu Churcher, Thomas S. Drakeley, Chris J. Edwards, Tansy Fenwick, Alan French, Michael Gabrielli, Albis Francesco Grassly, Nicholas C. Harding-Esch, Emma M. Holland, Martin J. Koukounari, Artemis Lammie, Patrick J. Leslie, Jacqueline Mabey, David C. Rhajaoui, Mohamed Secor, W. Evan Stothard, J. Russell Wei, Hu Willingham, A. Lee Zhou, Xiao-Nong Peeling, Rosanna W. TI A Diagnostics Platform for the Integrated Mapping, Monitoring, and Surveillance of Neglected Tropical Diseases: Rationale and Target Product Profiles SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-WORLD; SOUTHERN SUDAN; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; ELIMINATION; HAEMATOBIUM; INFECTIONS; MOROCCO C1 [Solomon, Anthony W.; Bailey, Robin L.; Brooker, Simon; Drakeley, Chris J.; Edwards, Tansy; Harding-Esch, Emma M.; Holland, Martin J.; Mabey, David C.; Peeling, Rosanna W.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Engels, Dirk; Gabrielli, Albis Francesco; Willingham, A. Lee] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Blake, Isobel M.; Churcher, Thomas S.; Fenwick, Alan; French, Michael; Grassly, Nicholas C.; Koukounari, Artemis; Leslie, Jacqueline] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chen, Jia-Xu; Chen, Jun-Hu; Wei, Hu; Zhou, Xiao-Nong] Natl Inst Parasit Dis, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Lammie, Patrick J.; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rhajaoui, Mohamed] Natl Inst Hyg, Rabat, Morocco. [Stothard, J. Russell] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Solomon, AW (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM anthony.solomon@lshtm.ac.uk OI Blake, Isobel/0000-0002-3977-1318; Grassly, Nicholas/0000-0001-6067-4507; Mabey, David/0000-0002-0031-8276; Churcher, Thomas/0000-0002-8442-0525; Solomon, Anthony/0000-0001-7101-6649 FU World Health Organization FX The consultation that laid the foundation for this manuscript was supported by the World Health Organization. The funder had no role in the decision to publish, or in preparation of the manuscript, other than the individual contributions recognised by authorship of the paper. NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 7 AR e1746 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001746 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 983ES UT WOS:000307101900038 PM 22860146 ER PT J AU Reding, KW Carlson, CS Kahsai, O Chen, CC McDavid, A Doody, DR Chen, C Ornelas, I Lowe, K Bernstein, L Weiss, L McDonald, JA Simon, MS Strom, B Marchbanks, PA Burkman, R Spirtas, R Liff, JM Malone, KE AF Reding, Kerryn W. Carlson, Christopher S. Kahsai, Orsalem Chen, Christina C. McDavid, Andrew Doody, David R. Chen, Chu Ornelas, India Lowe, Kimberly Bernstein, Leslie Weiss, Linda McDonald, Jill A. Simon, Michael S. Strom, Brian Marchbanks, Polly A. Burkman, Ronald Spirtas, Robert Liff, Jonathan M. Malone, Kathleen E. TI Examination of ancestral informative markers and self-reported race with tumor characteristics of breast cancer among black and white women SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Tumor characteristics; Ancestry informative markers; Self-reported race ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; REPRODUCTIVE EXPERIENCES; ADMIXTURE SCAN; POPULATIONS; INFERENCE; HEALTH; GENES; RISK AB African American (AA) women have a higher mortality from breast cancer (BC) compared to European American (EA) women. This may be due to the higher proportion of AA women with tumors that are diagnosed at more advanced stages and are characterized as being estrogen receptor negative (ER-)/progesterone receptor negative (PR-). Our study sought to determine whether self-reported race and percent African ancestry were associated with BC tumor characteristics. In a multi-center, population-based case-control study of BC, we determined percent African ancestry using ancestry informative markers (AIM) among women self-reporting race as AA or Black. BC tumor characteristics were associated with self-reported race (including a 30 % reduction in ER+/PR+ tumors [95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-0.9] and a 1.5-fold increased risk of high grade [95 % CI: 1.2-1.9] for AA women compared to EA women). AIMs among AA women were not associated with BC tumor characteristics (AA women with a parts per thousand yen95 % versus < 80 % African ancestry, odds ratio [OR] = 1.0 for ER+/PR+ [95 % CI: 0.6-1.8] and OR = 0.9 for high-grade tumors [95 % CI: 0.6-1.4]). Similar findings were observed for BC stage. While BC subtypes were associated with self-reported race, BC subtypes were not associated with percent African ancestry. These study results suggest that subtle differences in percent African ancestry are less important than the overall presence of African ancestry in relation to BC tumor characteristics. C1 [Reding, Kerryn W.; Carlson, Christopher S.; Kahsai, Orsalem; Chen, Christina C.; McDavid, Andrew; Doody, David R.; Chen, Chu; Malone, Kathleen E.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Reding, Kerryn W.] Univ Washington, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Carlson, Christopher S.; Chen, Christina C.; Malone, Kathleen E.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ornelas, India] Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lowe, Kimberly] Exponent, Seattle, WA USA. [Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Duarte, CA USA. [Weiss, Linda] NCI, Canc Ctr Program, Rockville, MD USA. [McDonald, Jill A.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simon, Michael S.] Wayne State Univ, Karmanos Canc Inst, Dept Oncol, Detroit, MI USA. [Strom, Brian] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Burkman, Ronald] Baystate Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA USA. [Spirtas, Robert] NICHHD, Populat Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Liff, Jonathan M.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Reding, KW (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, 1100 Fairview Ave N,Mail Stop M4-B874, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM kreding@u.washington.edu OI McDavid, Andrew/0000-0002-6581-1213 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Cancer Institute [R03 CA 123584]; Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics Training Grant [2 T32 CA 09168]; NINR [K99 NR 012232] FX The authors would like to thank the study participants for their contribution to this research. The Women's CARE study was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with additional support from the National Cancer Institute, through contracts with Emory University (N01 HD 3-3168), the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (N01 HD 2-3166), Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University (N01 HD 3-3174), the University of Pennsylvania (N01 HD-3-3176), and the University of Southern California (N01 HD 3-3175) and through an intra-agency agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Y01 HD 7022). The research generating the AIMs data was supported by the National Cancer Institute (R03 CA 123584). KWR was supported by the Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics Training Grant (2 T32 CA 09168) and NINR career development grant (K99 NR 012232). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 BP 801 EP 809 DI 10.1007/s10549-012-2099-0 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 978HD UT WOS:000306730500033 PM 22648732 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Wortley, PM AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Wortley, Pascale M. TI INVOLVEMENT OF ENDOCRINOLOGISTS IN THE 2009 TO 2010 H1N1 VACCINATION EFFORT SO ENDOCRINE PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; VIRUS-INFECTION; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS; CALIFORNIA; ATTITUDES; SEASON AB Objective: To assess the level of participation of endocrinologists in the United States in the 2009 to 2010 H1N1 vaccination campaign and explore their perspectives on H1N1 vaccination. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mailed survey of a national sample of 1,991 endocrinologists in June through September 2010. The extent of the response and the survey responses are reported and analyzed. Results: The overall response rate was 59%. The majority of endocrinologists strongly recommended H1N1 vaccine for children, whereas about a third did so for both nonelderly adults and seniors. Just over half (52%) of the responding endocrinologists had agreed to participate in the 2009 to 2010 H1N1 vaccine campaign and received vaccine, in comparison with 73% who offered seasonal influenza vaccine. The supply of H1N1 vaccine was a significant challenge, but otherwise endocrinologists reported few major problems with administration of H1N1 vaccine. Overall, less than half of the respondents thought that they would be "very likely" to provide vaccine in the event of a future influenza pandemic, with a much higher proportion among those endocrinologists who offered seasonal influenza vaccine and H1N1 vaccine. Conclusion: Although the experiences of endocrinologists who provided H1N1 vaccine were generally positive, many did not offer the vaccine and indicated that they are hesitant about providing vaccine during a future influenza pandemic. Approaches to increase their participation in future pandemics in an effort to reach persons at high risk for influenza and its complications, such as those with diabetes, should be further explored. (Endocr Pract. 2012;18:464-471) C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, 300 N Ingalls,Room 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through a cooperative agreement with the Association of Prevention Teaching and Research. Results from this study were presented as a poster at the 45th National Immunization Conference; March 28-31, 2011; Washington, DC. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS PI JACKSONVILLE PA 245 RIVERSIDE AVENUE, STE 200, JACKSONVILLE, FL 32202 USA SN 1530-891X J9 ENDOCR PRACT JI Endocr. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 464 EP 471 DI 10.4158/EP11358.OR PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 981BU UT WOS:000306941300004 PM 22805112 ER PT J AU Holmes, CB Blandford, JM Sangrujee, N Stewart, SR DuBois, A Smith, TR Martin, JC Gavaghan, A Ryan, CA Goosby, EP AF Holmes, Charles B. Blandford, John M. Sangrujee, Nalinee Stewart, Scott R. DuBois, Amy Smith, Tyler R. Martin, Julia C. Gavaghan, Ann Ryan, Caroline A. Goosby, Eric P. TI PEPFAR'S Past And Future Efforts To Cut Costs, Improve Efficiency, And Increase The Impact Of Global HIV Programs SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID PRESIDENTS EMERGENCY PLAN; MALE CIRCUMCISION; AIDS RELIEF; PREVENTION; AFRICA; TRIAL; MEN AB Amid the global economic crisis, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and other organizations have been pressed to do more with constrained resources to meet unmet needs in the worldwide HIV/AIDS pandemic. PEPFAR has approached this challenge through the development of an Impact and Efficiency Acceleration Plan, which includes improving the collection and use of economic and financial data, increasing the efficiency of HIV/AIDS program implementation, and collaborating with governments and multilateral organizations to maximize the impact of the resources provided by the United States. For example, by linking financial data with program outputs, PEPFAR was able to help its implementing partners in Mozambique reduce mean unit expenditures for people receiving antiretroviral treatment by 45 percent, from $265 to $145 per person, between 2009 and 2011. This article describes the plan's elements, provides examples of progress and challenges to its implementation, and assesses the prospects for further improvements in efficiency and impact. C1 [Holmes, Charles B.; DuBois, Amy; Smith, Tyler R.] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Off Res & Sci, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Blandford, John M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Econ Syst & Integrat Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sangrujee, Nalinee] CDC, Hlth Econ & Finance Team, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stewart, Scott R.] US Agcy Int Dev, Hlth Syst Div, Bur Global Hlth, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Sangrujee, Nalinee] CDC, Hlth Econ & Finance Team, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ryan, Caroline A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holmes, CB (reprint author), US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Off Res & Sci, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM HolmesCB@state.gov NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1553 EP 1560 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0562 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 977FR UT WOS:000306642400021 PM 22778345 ER PT J AU Fu, J Gavaghan, A Millett, G Walsh, T AF Fu, Joe Gavaghan, Ann Millett, Gregorio Walsh, Tom TI Replicating PEPFAR's Success: How Interventions Shown To Be Effective Abroad Can Be Applied To The AIDS Epidemic In The US SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SEXUAL ASSAULT; UNITED-STATES; HIV; ADHERENCE; PREVENTION; CITIES; MODEL; CARE; MEN AB The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which began in 2003, initially responded to the global AIDS epidemic by applying lessons learned in treating the disease in the United States to addressing the emergency abroad. As the program expanded, it evolved to support interventions increasingly tailored to local needs in countries receiving PEPFAR assistance. This global experience has created a knowledge base of how to provide HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment services in low-resource settings. It underscored the importance of treatment adherence, family-centered care, and integration of HIV into broader health care delivery systems. Applying these lessons can help US policy makers address existing gaps in HIV care in the United States, where the availability of HIV treatment has at times masked the continued need for testing, early diagnosis, targeted prevention for key populations, and a solid array of social services for people living with HIV/AIDS and their families. This article identifies PEPFAR practices that merit further exploration for adoption in the United States, including strategies to increase adherence to drug treatment regimens and to ensure that HIV services are broadly integrated with other aspects of health care. C1 [Fu, Joe; Gavaghan, Ann; Walsh, Tom] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Millett, Gregorio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fu, J (reprint author), US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. EM FuJKH@state.gov FU US government agencies FX Various authors have professional relationships with the President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) (either as employees of PEPFAR-supported US government agencies or as grantees or contractors). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US government. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1585 EP 1592 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0255 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 977FR UT WOS:000306642400025 PM 22778349 ER PT J AU Perez-Guerra, CL Rodriguez-Acosta, RL Soto-Gomez, E Zielinski-Gutierrez, E Pena-Orellana, M Santiago, LM Rivera, R Cruz, RR Ramirez, V Tomashek, KM Dayan, G AF Perez-Guerra, Carmen L. Rodriguez-Acosta, Rosa L. Soto-Gomez, Eunice Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily Pena-Orellana, Marisol Santiago, Luis M. Rivera, Reinaldo Cruz, R. Rhode Ramirez, Viani Tomashek, Kay M. Dayan, Gustavo TI Assessing the interest to participate in a dengue vaccine efficacy trial among residents of Puerto Rico SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Dengue vaccine; dengue placebo-controlled trials; children vaccine trials; dengue qualitative research; dengue prevention ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PEDIATRIC CLINICAL-RESEARCH; HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN; INFORMED-CONSENT; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; PARENTAL CONSENT; UNITED-STATES; RITONAVIR; CHALLENGES; PREVENTION AB Dengue, endemic in Puerto Rico, is a major public health problem. Vaccines are thought the best means to prevent dengue because vector control alone has been largely ineffective. We implemented qualitative studies in 2006 and 2010 to determine the acceptability of conducting placebo-controlled dengue vaccine efficacy trials in Puerto Rican children. Key informant interviews and focus groups with parents and children were conducted in municipalities with high dengue incidence. We used structured open-ended questions to determine motivators and attitudes regarding vaccine trial participation. Knowledge about dengue risk and prevention, and knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding vaccines and vaccine trials were assessed. Using grounded theory, we conducted content analysis and established categories and sub-categories of participant responses. All participants were knowledgeable about dengue prevention and perceived children as most affected age groups. Participants were aware of vaccines benefits and they thought a vaccine could prevent dengue. However, most would not allow their children to participate in a placebo-controlled vaccine trial. Barriers included lack of trust in new vaccines and vaccine trial procedures; fear of developing dengue or side effects from the vaccine and lack of information about candidate dengue vaccines. Participants thought information, including results of previous trials might overcome barriers to participation. Motivators for participation were altruism, protection from dengue, free medical attention, and compensation for transportation and participation. Parents would consider children participation if accurate vaccine trial information is provided. C1 [Perez-Guerra, Carmen L.; Rodriguez-Acosta, Rosa L.; Soto-Gomez, Eunice; Pena-Orellana, Marisol; Santiago, Luis M.; Rivera, Reinaldo; Cruz, R. Rhode; Ramirez, Viani; Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Zielinski-Gutierrez, Emily] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Pena-Orellana, Marisol] Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Preparedness Publ Hlth, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Ramirez, Viani] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, GVDRS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dayan, Gustavo] Sanofi Pasteur, Clin Dev, Swiftwater, PA USA. RP Perez-Guerra, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. EM cnp8@cdc.gov OI Ramirez Irizarry, Viani/0000-0002-8994-6542 FU Sanofi Pasteur FX We thank Dr. Harold Margolis, Dr. Wellington Sun, Dr. D. Fermin Arguello, and Vera E. Soltero for their comments and editing and Gladys Gonzalez, Miguel Mercado, Olga Lorenzi, Aidsa Rivera and Migdalia Rosario for helping in the recruitment of the parents and children and the coordination of the focus groups. This study was made possible by funding provided by Sanofi Pasteur. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2164-5515 J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 8 IS 7 BP 905 EP 915 DI 10.4161/hv.20056 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 983GL UT WOS:000307107600017 PM 22832259 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Ludeke, CHM Bowers, JC Garrett, N Fischer, M Parsons, MB Bopp, CA DePaola, A AF Jones, Jessica L. Luedeke, Catharina H. M. Bowers, John C. Garrett, Nancy Fischer, Markus Parsons, Michele B. Bopp, Cheryl A. DePaola, Angelo TI Biochemical, Serological, and Virulence Characterization of Clinical and Oyster Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERMOSTABLE DIRECT HEMOLYSIN; GULF-OF-MEXICO; III SECRETION SYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; TRH GENE; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; CYTOTOXICITY AB In this study, 77 clinical and 67 oyster Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from North America were examined for biochemical profiles, serotype, and the presence of potential virulence factors (tdh, trh, and type III secretion system [T3SS] genes). All isolates were positive for oxidase, indole, and glucose fermentation, consistent with previous reports. The isolates represented 35 different serotypes, 9 of which were shared by clinical and oyster isolates. Serotypes associated with pandemic strains (O1:KUT, O1:K25, O3:K6, and O4:K68) were observed for clinical isolates, and 7 (9%) oyster isolates belonged to serotype O1:KUT. Of the clinical isolates, 27% were negative for tdh and trh, while 45% contained both genes. Oyster isolates were preferentially selected for the presence of tdh and/or trh; 34% contained both genes, 42% had trh but not tdh, and 3% had tdh but not trh. All but 1 isolate (143/144) had at least three of the four T3SS1 genes examined. The isolates lacking both tdh and trh contained no T3SS2 alpha or T3SS2 beta genes. All clinical isolates positive for tdh and negative for trh possessed all T3SS2 alpha genes, and all isolates negative for tdh and positive for trh possessed all T3SS2 beta genes. The two oyster isolates containing tdh but not trh possessed all but the vopB2 gene of T3SS2 alpha, as reported previously. In contrast to the findings of previous studies, all strains examined that were positive for both tdh and trh also carried T3SS2 beta genes. This report identifies the serotype as the most distinguishing feature between clinical and oyster isolates. Our findings raise concerns about the reliability of the tdh, trh, and T3SS genes as virulence markers and highlight the need for more-detailed pathogenicity investigations of V. parahaemolyticus. C1 [Jones, Jessica L.; Luedeke, Catharina H. M.; DePaola, Angelo] US FDA, Div Seafood Sci & Technol, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA. [Luedeke, Catharina H. M.; Fischer, Markus] Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, Hamburg, Germany. [Bowers, John C.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Nutr, Div Math, College Pk, MD USA. [Garrett, Nancy; Parsons, Michele B.; Bopp, Cheryl A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), US FDA, Div Seafood Sci & Technol, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA. EM Jessica.Jones@fda.hhs.gov RI Fischer, Markus/G-9477-2012 NR 40 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 BP 2343 EP 2352 DI 10.1128/JCM.00196-12 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 986RB UT WOS:000307360800028 PM 22535979 ER PT J AU Anderson, R Wang, X Briere, EC Katz, LS Cohn, AC Clark, TA Messonnier, NE Mayer, LW AF Anderson, Raydel Wang, Xin Briere, Elizabeth C. Katz, Lee S. Cohn, Amanda C. Clark, Thomas A. Messonnier, Nancy E. Mayer, Leonard W. TI Haemophilus haemolyticus Isolates Causing Clinical Disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE; STRAINS; GENES; ENDOCARDITIS; HEMOPHILUS; PREVENTION; GENETICS; SODC AB We report seven cases of Haemophilus haemolyticus invasive disease detected in the United States, which were previously misidentified as nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. All cases had different symptoms and presentations. Our study suggests that a testing scheme that includes reliable PCR assays and standard microbiological methods should be used in order to improve H. haemolyticus identification. C1 [Anderson, Raydel; Wang, Xin; Briere, Elizabeth C.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect & Resp Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Katz, Lee S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anderson, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect & Resp Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdo7@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 50 IS 7 BP 2462 EP 2465 DI 10.1128/JCM.06575-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 986RB UT WOS:000307360800048 PM 22573587 ER PT J AU Barnighausen, T Salomon, JA Sangrujee, N AF Baernighausen, Till Salomon, Joshua A. Sangrujee, Nalinee TI HIV Treatment as Prevention: Issues in Economic Evaluation SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INTERVENTIONS; AFRICA; SCALE AB Meyer-Rath and Over assert in another article in the July 2012 PLoS Medicine Collection, "Investigating the Impact of Treatment on New HIV Infections'', that economic evaluations of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in currently existing programs and in HIV treatment as prevention (TasP) programs should use cost functions that capture cost dependence on a number of factors, such as scale and scope of delivery, health states, ART regimens, health workers' experience, patients' time on treatment, and the distribution of delivery across public and private sectors. We argue that for particular evaluation purposes (e. g., to establish the social value of TasP) and from particular perspectives (e. g., national health policy makers) less detailed cost functions may be sufficient. We then extend the discussion of economic evaluation of TasP, describing why ART outcomes and costs assessed in currently existing programs are unlikely to be generalizable to TasP programs for several fundamental reasons. First, to achieve frequent, widespread HIV testing and high uptake of ART immediately following an HIV diagnosis, TasP programs will require components that are not present in current ART programs and whose costs are not included in current estimates. Second, the early initiation of ART under TasP will change not only patients' disease courses and treatment experiences-which can affect behaviors that determine clinical treatment success, such as ART adherence and retention-but also quality of life and economic outcomes for HIV-infected individuals. Third, the preventive effects of TasP are likely to alter the composition of the HIV-infected population over time, changing its biological and behavioral characteristics and leading to different costs and outcomes for ART. C1 [Baernighausen, Till; Salomon, Joshua A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Baernighausen, Till] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Mtubatuba, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. [Sangrujee, Nalinee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barnighausen, T (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM tbaernig@hsph.harvard.edu RI Salomon, Joshua/D-3898-2009 OI Salomon, Joshua/0000-0003-3929-5515 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [1R01-HD058482-01]; National Institute of Mental Health [1R01MG083539-01]; World Bank; Wellcome Trust FX TB received funding support from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1R01-HD058482-01), the National Institute of Mental Health (1R01MG083539-01), World Bank, and the Wellcome Trust. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 IS 7 AR e1001263 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001263 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 983GA UT WOS:000307106400019 PM 22802743 ER PT J AU O'Reilly, CE Jaron, P Ochieng, B Nyaguara, A Tate, JE Parsons, MB Bopp, CA Williams, KA Vinje, J Blanton, E Wannemuehler, KA Vulule, J Laserson, KF Breiman, RF Feikin, DR Widdowson, MA Mintz, E AF O'Reilly, Ciara E. Jaron, Peter Ochieng, Benjamin Nyaguara, Amek Tate, Jacqueline E. Parsons, Michele B. Bopp, Cheryl A. Williams, Kara A. Vinje, Jan Blanton, Elizabeth Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Vulule, John Laserson, Kayla F. Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Mintz, Eric TI Risk Factors for Death among Children Less than 5 Years Old Hospitalized with Diarrhea in Rural Western Kenya, 2005-2007: A Cohort Study SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; AFRICAN CHILDREN; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; PCR AB Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on risk factors for mortality are limited. We conducted hospital-based surveillance to characterize the etiology of diarrhea and identify risk factors for death among children hospitalized with diarrhea in rural western Kenya. Methods and Findings: We enrolled all children <5 years old, hospitalized with diarrhea (>= 3 loose stools in 24 hours) at two district hospitals in Nyanza Province, western Kenya. Clinical and demographic information was collected. Stool specimens were tested for bacterial and viral pathogens. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify risk factors for death. From May 23, 2005 to May 22, 2007, 1,146 children <5 years old were enrolled; 107 (9%) children died during hospitalization. Nontyphoidal Salmonella were identified in 10% (118), Campylobacter in 5% (57), and Shigella in 4% (42) of 1,137 stool samples; rotavirus was detected in 19% (196) of 1,021 stool samples. Among stools from children who died, nontyphoidal Salmonella were detected in 22%, Shigella in 11%, rotavirus in 9%, Campylobacter in 5%, and S. Typhi in <1%. In multivariable analysis, infants who died were more likely to have nontyphoidal Salmonella (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.8; 95% CI 3.1-14.9), and children <5 years to have Shigella (aOR = 5.5; 95% CI 2.2-14.0) identified than children who survived. Children who died were less likely to be infected with rotavirus (OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.2-0.8). Further risk factors for death included being malnourished (aOR = 4.2; 95% CI 2.1-8.7); having oral thrush on physical exam (aOR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.4-3.8); having previously sought care at a hospital for the illness (aOR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.2-3.8); and being dehydrated as diagnosed at discharge/death (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.5-4.1). A clinical diagnosis of malaria, and malaria parasites seen on blood smear, were not associated with increased risk of death. This study only captured in-hospital childhood deaths, and likely missed a substantial number of additional deaths that occurred at home. Conclusion: Nontyphoidal Salmonella and Shigella are associated with mortality among rural Kenyan children with diarrhea who access a hospital. Improved prevention and treatment of diarrheal disease is necessary. Enhanced surveillance and simplified laboratory diagnostics in Africa may assist clinicians in appropriately treating potentially fatal diarrheal illness. C1 [O'Reilly, Ciara E.; Parsons, Michele B.; Bopp, Cheryl A.; Blanton, Elizabeth; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Mintz, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jaron, Peter; Ochieng, Benjamin; Nyaguara, Amek; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Williams, Kara A.; Vinje, Jan; Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vulule, John] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla F.; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Reilly, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bwf1@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH); US Agency for International Development; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for the study was provided by the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH). Additional support for the study was provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. From July 2006, salary support for Dr. O'Reilly was provided by the US Agency for International Development through an Inter-Agency Agreement with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 IS 7 AR e1001256 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001256 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 983GA UT WOS:000307106400012 PM 22802736 ER PT J AU Hughes, CM Newman, FK Davidson, WB Olson, VA Smith, SK Holman, RC Yan, LH Frey, SE Belshe, RB Karem, KL Damon, IK AF Hughes, Christine M. Newman, Frances K. Davidson, Whitni B. Olson, Victoria A. Smith, Scott K. Holman, Robert C. Yan, Lihan Frey, Sharon E. Belshe, Robert B. Karem, Kevin L. Damon, Inger K. TI Analysis of Variola and Vaccinia Virus Neutralization Assays for Smallpox Vaccines SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPONSES AB Possible smallpox reemergence drives research for third-generation vaccines that effectively neutralize variola virus. A comparison of neutralization assays using different substrates, variola and vaccinia (Dryvax and modified vaccinia Ankara [MVA]), showed significantly different 90% neutralization titers; Dryvax underestimated while MVA overestimated variola neutralization. Third-generation vaccines may rely upon neutralization as a correlate of protection. C1 [Hughes, Christine M.; Davidson, Whitni B.; Olson, Victoria A.; Smith, Scott K.; Holman, Robert C.; Karem, Kevin L.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newman, Frances K.; Frey, Sharon E.; Belshe, Robert B.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Edward A Doisy Res Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Yan, Lihan] EMMES Corp, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hughes, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Christine.Hughes@cdc.hhs.gov FU National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [N01-AI-25464] FX This study was funded by grant number N01-AI-25464 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1116 EP 1118 DI 10.1128/CVI.00056-12 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 983HP UT WOS:000307110700016 PM 22593237 ER PT J AU Monaghan, AJ MacMillan, K Moore, SM Mead, PS Hayden, MH Eisen, RJ AF Monaghan, Andrew J. MacMillan, Katherine Moore, Sean M. Mead, Paul S. Hayden, Mary H. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI A Regional Climatography of West Nile, Uganda, to Support Human Plague Modeling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EAST-AFRICAN RAINFALL; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; LOW-LEVEL JETS; INDIAN-OCEAN; ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SEASONAL RAINFALL; SHORT RAINS AB The West Nile region in northwestern Uganda is a focal point for human plague, which peaks in boreal autumn and is spread by fleas that travel on rodent hosts. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is collaborating with the National Center for Atmospheric Research to quantitatively address the linkages between climate and human plague in this region. The aim of this paper is to advance knowledge of the climatic conditions required to maintain enzootic cycles and to trigger epizootic cycles and ultimately to target limited surveillance, prevention, and control resources. A hybrid dynamical-statistical downscaling technique was applied to simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) to generate a multiyear 2-km climate dataset for modeling plague in the West Nile region. The resulting dataset resolves the spatial variability and annual cycle of temperature, humidity, and rainfall in West Nile relative to satellite-based and in situ records. Topography exerts a first-order influence on the climatic gradients in West Nile, which lies in a transition zone between the drier East African Plateau and the wetter Congo Basin, and between the unimodal rainfall regimes of the Sahel and the bimodal rainfall regimes characteristic of equatorial East Africa. The results of a companion paper in which the WRF-based climate fields were applied to develop an improved logistic regression model of human plague occurrence in West Nile are summarized, revealing robust positive associations with rainfall at the tails of the rainy season and negative associations with rainfall during a dry spell each summer. C1 [Monaghan, Andrew J.; Moore, Sean M.; Hayden, Mary H.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [MacMillan, Katherine; Moore, Sean M.; Mead, Paul S.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Monaghan, AJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM monaghan@ucar.edu OI Monaghan, Andrew/0000-0002-8170-2359 FU National Science Foundation; CDC; U.S. Agency for International Development FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.; This work was funded by the CDC and the U.S. Agency for International Development through an interagency agreement with the National Science Foundation. Doctor Daniel Steinhoff provided useful comments. Sources and citations for datasets employed in this paper are described within. Special thanks are given to Russell Enscore and Jeff Borchert of CDC, and to the Ugandan Virus Research Institute, for providing in situ weather data from the airfield at Arua. Doctor Kevin Griffith (CDC) provided invaluable insight and assistance in coordinating field work. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1201 EP 1221 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0195.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 978TR UT WOS:000306769200001 ER PT J AU Endres, SM Green, BJ Henneberger, PK Germolec, DR Bledsoe, TA Beezhold, DH London, SJ Alavanja, MC Freeman, LEB Hoppin, JA AF Endres, Stacy M. Green, Brett J. Henneberger, Paul K. Germolec, Dori R. Bledsoe, Toni A. Beezhold, Donald H. London, Stephanie J. Alavanja, Michael C. Freeman, Laura E. Beane Hoppin, Jane A. TI Fungal and atopic sensitization are low among farmers in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Endres, Stacy M.; London, Stephanie J.; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Germolec, Dori R.; Alavanja, Michael C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Toxicol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Endres, Stacy M.; Henneberger, Paul K.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Green, Brett J.; Bledsoe, Toni A.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Endres, SM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES049030-15, Z01 ES049030-12]; NCI NIH HHS [Z01 CP010119, Z01-CP010119]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01 ES000001, Y1-ES-0001, Z01 ES049030] NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.04.018 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 977GN UT WOS:000306644800040 PM 22633325 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Sinsel, EW Gloekler, DS Wimer, BM Zhao, KD An, KN Buczek, FL AF Wu, John Z. Sinsel, Erik W. Gloekler, Daniel S. Wimer, Bryan M. Zhao, Kristin D. An, Kai-Nan Buczek, Frank L. TI Inverse dynamic analysis of the biomechanics of the thumb while pipetting: A case study SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Ergonomics; Thumb; Kinematics; Joint moment; Pipette; Modeling ID MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; HUMAN HAND; WORK AB Thumb-push manual pipettes are commonly used tools in many medical, biological, and chemical laboratories. Epidemiological studies indicate that the use of thumb-push mechanical pipettes is associated with musculoskeletal disorders in the hand. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the kinematics and joint loading of the thumb during pipetting. The time-histories of joint angles and the interface contact force between the thumb and plunger during the pipetting action were determined experimentally, and the joint loadings and joint power in the thumb were calculated via an inverse dynamic approach. The moment, power, and energy absorption in each joint of the thumb during the extraction and dispensing actions were analyzed. The results indicate that the majority of the power is generated in the interphalangeal (IP) and carpometacarpal (CMC) joints for the pipetting action. The analysis method and results in the current study will be helpful in exploring the mechanism for musculoskeletal injuries of the hand associated with pipetting, providing a preliminary foundation for ergonomic design of the pipette. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IPEM. C1 [Wu, John Z.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Zhao, Kristin D.; An, Kai-Nan] Mayo Clin, Biomech Lab, Div Orthoped Res, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2027, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jwu@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP 693 EP 701 DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.09.012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 979MU UT WOS:000306824900003 PM 22015316 ER PT J AU Kreuter, MW Garibay, LB Pfeiffer, DJ Morgan, JC Thomas, M Wilson, KM Pieters, J Szczepaniec, K Scott, A Poor, TJ AF Kreuter, Matthew W. Garibay, Lori B. Pfeiffer, Debbie J. Morgan, Jennifer C. Thomas, Melonie Wilson, Katherine M. Pieters, Jennifer Szczepaniec, Kellie Scott, Amy Poor, Timothy J. TI Small Media and Client Reminders for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Current Use and Gap Areas in CDC's Colorectal Cancer Control Program SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INTERVENTIONS; WOMEN AB Introduction CDC's Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP) funds 25 states and 4 tribal organizations to promote and increase colorectal cancer screening population-wide. The CRCCP grantees must use evidence-based strategies from the Guide to Community Preventive Services, including small media and client reminders. Methods To assess the existing resources and needs to promote colorectal cancer screening, we conducted 2 web-based surveys of CRCCP grantees and their community partners. Survey 1 sought to identify priority populations, the number and quality of existing colorectal cancer resources for different population subgroups, and the types of small media and client reminder they were most interested in using. Survey 2 assessed screening messages that were used in the past or might be used in the future, needs for non-English-language information, and preferences for screening-related terminology. Results In survey 1 (n = 125 from 26 CRCCPs), most respondents (83%) indicated they currently had some information resources for promoting screening but were widely dissatisfied with the quality and number of these resources. They reported the greatest need for resources targeting rural populations (62% of respondents), men (53%), and Hispanics (45%). In survey 2 (n = 57 from 25 CRCCPs), respondents indicated they were most likely to promote colorectal cancer screening using messages that emphasized family (95%), role models (85%), or busy lives (83%), and least likely to use messages based on faith (26%), embarrassment (25%), or fear (22%). Nearly all (85%) indicated a need for resources in languages other than English; 16 different languages were mentioned, most commonly Spanish. Conclusion These findings provide the first picture of CRCCP information resources and interests, and point to specific gaps that must be addressed to help increase screening. C1 [Kreuter, Matthew W.] Washington Univ, Hlth Commun Res Lab, St Louis, MO 63112 USA. [Thomas, Melonie; Wilson, Katherine M.; Pieters, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kreuter, MW (reprint author), Washington Univ, Hlth Commun Res Lab, Campus Box 1009,700 Rosedale Ave, St Louis, MO 63112 USA. EM mkreuter@gwbmail.wustl.edu FU CDC [IU48DP001903]; National Cancer Institute [P50-CA095815] FX This research was supported by grants from the CDC (IU48DP001903) and National Cancer Institute (P50-CA095815). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110317 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110317 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977IO UT WOS:000306650900011 ER PT J AU Kruger, J Shaw, L Kahende, J Frank, E AF Kruger, Judy Shaw, Lauren Kahende, Jennifer Frank, Erica TI Health Care Providers' Advice to Quit Smoking, National Health Interview Survey, 2000, 2005, and 2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INTERVENTIONS; DISPARITIES; PEOPLE AB Although the prevalence of cigarette smoking has declined in the United States, little documentation exists to ascertain which health care providers (HCPs) promote smoking cessation. We used data from the 2000, 2005, and 2010 Cancer Control Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey to examine changes in the number of adults who received smoking cessation advice from their HCP. The percentage of smokers who received cessation advice was 53.3% in 2000, 58.9% in 2005, and 50.7% in 2010. To affect noticeably declining rates, HCPs should increase their efforts to advise smokers to quit. C1 [Kruger, Judy] Epidemiol Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shaw, Lauren; Kahende, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frank, Erica] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Kruger, J (reprint author), Epidemiol Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jkruger@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110340 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110340 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977IO UT WOS:000306650900010 ER PT J AU Tinker, SC Cogswell, ME Hamner, HC Berry, RJ AF Tinker, Sarah C. Cogswell, Mary E. Hamner, Heather C. Berry, Robert J. TI Usual folic acid intakes: a modelling exercise assessing changes in the amount of folic acid in foods and supplements, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2008 SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Folic acid; Fortification; Neural tube defects; Modelling ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; FORTIFICATION; PREVENTION; VITAMIN; FLOUR AB Objective: The USA currently fortifies enriched cereal grain products (ECGP) with folic acid at 140 mu g/100 g. In addition, folic acid can be voluntarily added to ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) up to 400 mu g/serving and it is found in many dietary supplements, most often at a dose of 400 mu g. We sought to model folic acid intake under various fortification and supplementation scenarios. Design: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a population-based cross-sectional survey representative of the non-institutionalized, civilian US population. Information on folic acid intake is collected in two 24 h dietary recalls and survey questions on dietary supplement use, which allows estimation of usual total folic acid intake. We modelled five different levels of folic acid fortification in ECGP, while varying the amounts in RTEC and dietary supplements. Setting: United States. Subjects: US adults (n 14 353) aged >= 19 years; non-pregnant women of child-bearing age (n 4272). Results: The percentage of adults with usual daily folic acid intake above the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 mu g was influenced more by the typical amount in supplements, while the median intake was influenced more by the ECGP fortification level. By manipulating the amount in at least two sources, it was possible to shift the distribution such that more women of childbearing age consumed the recommended intake of 400 mu g of folic acid without increasing the percentage of adults with intake above the tolerable upper intake level. The results varied among population subgroups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that combined strategies are required to meet population recommendations for folic acid intake. C1 [Tinker, Sarah C.; Hamner, Heather C.; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cogswell, Mary E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tinker, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mail Stop E86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zzu9@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The research was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Each author contributed to the development of this work. S.C.T., M.E.C., H.C.H. and R.J.B. designed the research; S.C.T. analysed the data and performed statistical analysis; S.C.T., M.E.C., H.C.H. and R.J.B. wrote the paper. S.C.T. had primary responsibility for final content. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge Alicia Carriquiry for her assistance in using PC-SIDE to estimate usual intake. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1216 EP 1227 DI 10.1017/S1368980012000638 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 976KL UT WOS:000306583400012 PM 22455758 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Brown, JA Kightlinger, L Rosenberg, L Fischer, M AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Brown, Jennifer A. Kightlinger, Lon Rosenberg, Lauren Fischer, Marc CA ArboNET Evaluation Working Grp TI State Health Department Perceived Utility of and Satisfaction with ArboNET, the US National Arboviral Surveillance System SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE AB Objectives. We assessed the perceived utility of data collected through ArboNET, the national arboviral surveillance system, and evaluated state health department user satisfaction with system function. Methods. We used an online assessment tool to collect information about types of arboviral surveillance conducted, user satisfaction with ArboNET's performance, and use of data collected by the system. Representatives of all 53 reporting jurisdictions were asked to complete the assessment during spring 2009. Results. Representatives of 48 (91%) jurisdictions completed the assessment. Two-thirds of respondents were satisfied with ArboNET's overall performance. Most concerns were related to data transmission, particularly the lack of compatibility with the National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS). Users found mosquito (85%), human disease (80%), viremic blood donor (79%), and veterinary disease (75%) surveillance data to be useful. While there was disagreement about the usefulness of avian mortality and sentinel animal surveillance, only 15% of users supported eliminating these categories. Respondents found weekly maps and tables posted on the U.S. Geological Survey (92%) and CDC (88%) websites to be the most useful reports generated from ArboNET data. Although many jurisdictions were willing to report additional clinical or laboratory data, time and resource constraints were considerations. Most respondents (71%) supported review and possible revision of the national case definition for human arboviral disease. Conclusions. As a result of this assessment, CDC and partner organizations have made ArboNET NEDSS-compatible and revised national case definitions for arboviral disease. Alternative data-sharing and reporting options are also being considered. Continued evaluation of ArboNET will help ensure that it continues to be a useful tool for national arboviral disease surveillance. C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Brown, Jennifer A.; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kightlinger, Lon] S Dakota Dept Hlth, Pierre, SD USA. [Kightlinger, Lon; Rosenberg, Lauren] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM frd3@cdc.gov FU CDC [SU38HM000414] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement #SU38HM000414 from CDC to CSTE. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 127 IS 4 BP 383 EP 390 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 976YF UT WOS:000306622600006 PM 22753981 ER PT J AU Begley, E VanHandel, M AF Begley, Elin VanHandel, Michelle TI Provision of Test Results and Posttest Counseling at STD Clinics in 24 Health Departments: US, 2007 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED DISEASE CLINICS; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; HIV PREVENTION; VIRAL LOAD; CLIENTS; CARE; INFECTION; SERVICE; ADULTS; WOMEN AB Objective. We determined the demographic and HIV test characteristics of tests conducted in CDC-funded sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics with provision of test results and posttest counseling. Methods. We used CDC's HIV Counseling and Testing System data from 2007 for the 24 U.S. health departments that reported test-level data from STD clinics. We calculated and analyzed newly identified HIV positivity and the percentage of tests with provision of test results and posttest counseling (provision of posttest counseling), by demographic and HIV-related characteristics. Results. Of 372,757 tests conducted among people without a previous HIV diagnosis by self-report, provision of posttest counseling was documented for 191,582 (51.4%) HIV tests overall and 1,922 (71.2%) newly identified HIV-positive test results. At these STD clinics, provision of posttest counseling varied by HIV serostatus, age, race/ethnicity, test type, and risk category; however, documentation of posttest counseling was missing for more than 20% of tests. The newly identified HIV positivity among all testers was 0.7%. Conclusions. One of the main goals of HIV counseling and testing is to inform people of their HIV status, because knowledge of one's HIV-positive serostatus can result in a reduction in risk behaviors and allow the person to access HIV medical care and treatment. STD clinics offering HIV testing may need to further their emphasis on increasing the proportion of clients who are provided posttest counseling and on improving documentation of this information. C1 [Begley, Elin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Program Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [VanHandel, Michelle] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Program Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [VanHandel, Michelle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Begley, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Program Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eqb5@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 127 IS 4 BP 432 EP 439 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 976YF UT WOS:000306622600011 PM 22753986 ER PT J AU Myles, ZM Buchanan, N King, JB Singh, S White, A Wu, MX Ajani, U AF Myles, Zachary M. Buchanan, Natasha King, Jessica B. Singh, Simple White, Arica Wu, Manxia Ajani, Umed TI Anatomic Distribution of Malignant Melanoma on the Non-Hispanic Black Patient, 1998-2007 SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; RISK-FACTORS; SUN EXPOSURE; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; SKIN-CANCER; SITE DISTRIBUTION; MELANOCYTIC NEVI; SOLAR KERATOSES; BODY SITE; RADIATION AB Objectives: To provide a population-based description of the anatomic distribution of melanoma among non-Hispanic black patients and to explore how characteristics of this distribution relate to the etiologies previously reported for both white and black patients. Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective. Setting: United States, January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2007. Patients: A total of 1439 non-Hispanic black patients with a diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Main Outcome Measures: Proportion of melanoma found per anatomic site (head, face, or neck; trunk; upper limb and shoulder; and the lower limb and hip) by patient sex, age, and region of diagnosis. Results: The most frequent site of melanoma was the lower limb and hip (848 [58.9%]) and trunk (238 [16.5%]). The youngest median age was presented for diagnoses of the trunk (male: 56 years and females: 48 years). Presentation on the lower limb and hip accounted for most diagnoses in both the northern and southern geographic regions (north: 58.2% and south: 59.7%). Conclusions: By increasing knowledge about the burden of this disease within the black population, our findings can be used to improve the early detection of melanoma by both the patient and the provider. C1 [Myles, Zachary M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Myles, ZM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zmyles@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 148 IS 7 BP 797 EP 801 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 974FT UT WOS:000306417100005 PM 22801611 ER PT J AU Scheuner, MT Hilborne, L Brown, J Lubin, IM AF Scheuner, Maren T. Hilborne, Lee Brown, Julie Lubin, Ira M. CA RAND Mol Genetic Test Report Advis TI A Report Template for Molecular Genetic Tests Designed to Improve Communication Between the Clinician and Laboratory SO GENETIC TESTING AND MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article ID CANCER-RISK; MEDICINE; GUIDELINES; PHYSICIANS; ERRORS; EXPERIENCE; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Aim: Errors are most likely to occur during the pre- and postanalytic phases of the genetic testing process, which can contribute to underuse, overuse, and misuse of genetic tests. To mitigate these errors, we created a template for molecular genetic test reports that utilizes the combined features of synoptic reporting and narrative interpretation. Methods: A variation of the Delphi consensus process with an expert panel was used to create a draft report template, which was further informed by focus group discussions with primary care physicians. Results: There was agreement that molecular genetic test reports should present information in groupings that flow in a logical manner, and most participants preferred the following order of presentation: patient and physician information, test performed, test results and interpretation, guidance on next steps, and supplemental information. We define data elements for the report as "required," "optional," "possible," and "not necessary"; provide recommendations regarding the grouping of these data elements; and describe the ideal design of the report template, including the preferred order of the report sections, formatting of data, and length of the report. Discussion: With input from key stakeholders and building upon prior work, we created a template for molecular genetic test reports designed to improve clinical decision making at the point of care. The template design should lead to more effective communication between the laboratory and ordering clinician. Studies are needed to assess the usefulness and effectiveness of molecular genetic test reports generated using this template. C1 [Scheuner, Maren T.] Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Scheuner, Maren T.; Hilborne, Lee; Brown, Julie] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Scheuner, Maren T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hilborne, Lee] Quest Diagnost, Canoga Pk, CA USA. [Hilborne, Lee] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Lubin, Ira M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scheuner, MT (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 500,Room 3218, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM maren.scheuner@va.gov OI Weck, Karen/0000-0002-8516-333X NR 28 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1945-0265 J9 GENET TEST MOL BIOMA JI Genet. Test. Mol. Biomark. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 7 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0328 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 974ZB UT WOS:000306475100021 PM 22731646 ER PT J AU Wang, LP He, XQ Bi, YY Ma, Q AF Wang, Liping He, Xiaoqing Bi, Yongyi Ma, Qiang TI Stem Cell and Benzene-Induced Malignancy and Hematotoxicity SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; THERAPY-RELATED MYELODYSPLASIA; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RISK ASSESSMENT; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; EXPOSED WORKERS; DNA METHYLATION; GENE-EXPRESSION AB The biological effect of benzene on the hematopoietic system has been known for over a century. The rapid advancement in understanding the biology of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in recent years has renewed interest in investigating the role of stem cells in benzene-induced malignancy and bone marrow depression. The interplay between benzene and stem cells is complex involving the stem cell, progenitor, and HSC niche compartments of the bone marrow. In this prospect, benzene metabolites formed through metabolism in the liver and bone marrow cause damage in hematopoietic cells via multiple mechanisms that, in addition to traditionally recognized chromosomal aberration and covalent binding, incorporate oxidative stress, alteration of gene expression, apoptosis, error-prone DNA repair, epigenetic regulation, and disruption of tumor surveillance. However, benzene-exposed individuals exhibit variable susceptibility to benzene effect that arises, in part, from genetic variations in benzene metabolism, DNA repair, genomic stability, and immune function. These new studies of benzene leukemogenesis and hematotoxicity are expected to provide insights into how environmental and occupational chemicals affect stem cells to cause cancer and toxicity, which impact the risk assessment, permissible level, and therapy of benzene exposure. C1 [Wang, Liping; Bi, Yongyi] Wuhan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liping] W Virginia Univ, Sch Pharm, Dept Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Natl Inst Occupat Safety & H, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), Mailstop 3014,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov FU National Nature Science Foundation, China [30571556, 30771784]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA [12927ZJUG] FX This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation, China [Grants 30571556 and 30771784] and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA [12927ZJUG]. NR 137 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1303 EP 1315 DI 10.1021/tx3001169 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 973TE UT WOS:000306381900002 PM 22540379 ER PT J AU Li, Z Romanoff, L Bartell, S Pittman, EN Trinidad, DA McClean, M Webster, TF Sjodin, A AF Li, Zheng Romanoff, Lovisa Bartell, Scott Pittman, Erin N. Trinidad, Debra A. McClean, Michael Webster, Thomas F. Sjoedin, Andreas TI Excretion Profiles and Half-Lives of Ten Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites after Dietary Exposure SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COKE-OVEN WORKERS; OCCUPATIONAL PAH EXPOSURE; BIOLOGICAL INDICATOR; DERMAL ROUTE; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; 1-NAPHTHOL; PYRENE; PLANT; PHENANTHRENE; ELIMINATION AB Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be assessed by biomonitoring of their urinary monohydroxylated metabolites (OH-PAHs). Limited information exists on the human pharmacokinetics of OH-PAHs. This study aimed to investigate the excretion half-life of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR), the most used biomarker for PAR exposure, and 9 other OH-PAHs following a dietary exposure in 9 nonsmoking volunteers with no occupational exposure to PAHs. Each person avoided food with known high PAR-content during the study period, except for a high PAH-containing lunch (barbecued chicken) on the first day. Individual urine samples (n = 217) were collected from 15 h before to 60 h following the dietary exposure. Levels of all OH-PAHs in all subjects increased rapidly by 9-141-fold after the exposure, followed by a decrease consistent with first-order kinetics, and returned to background levels 24-48 h after the exposure. The average time to reach maximal concentration ranged from 3.1 h (1-naphthol) to 5.5 h (1-PYR). Creatinine-adjusted urine concentrations for each metabolite were analyzed using a nonlinear mixed effects model including a term to estimate background exposure. The background-adjusted half-life estimate was 3.9 h for 1-PYR and ranged 2.5-6.1 h for the other 9 OH-PAHs, which in general, were shorter than those previously reported. The maximum concentrations after barbecued chicken consumption were comparable to the levels found in reported occupational settings with known high PAH exposures. It is essential to consider the relatively short half-life, the timing of samples relative to exposures, and the effect of diet when conducting PAH exposure biomonitoring studies. C1 [Li, Zheng; Romanoff, Lovisa; Pittman, Erin N.; Trinidad, Debra A.; Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bartell, Scott] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Stat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Bartell, Scott] Univ Calif Irvine, Program Publ Hlth, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [McClean, Michael; Webster, Thomas F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Sjodin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ASjodin@cdc.gov RI Bartell, Scott/M-8919-2013; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; McClean, Michael/J-2934-2015 OI Bartell, Scott/0000-0001-7797-2906; FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 45 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1452 EP 1461 DI 10.1021/tx300108e PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 973TE UT WOS:000306381900011 PM 22663094 ER PT J AU Barrera, R Bingham, AM Hassan, HK Amador, M Mackay, AJ Unnasch, TR AF Barrera, Roberto Bingham, Andrea M. Hassan, Hassan K. Amador, Manuel Mackay, Andrew J. Unnasch, Thomas R. TI Vertebrate Hosts of Aedes aegypti and Aedes mediovittatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Rural Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Aedes mediovittatus; dengue; vector; vertebrate host ID BLOOD-FEEDING PATTERNS; ALBOPICTUS DIPTERA; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; DENGUE VIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; MOSQUITOS; URBAN; VECTORS; MEALS; THAILAND AB The distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.), the main vector of dengue viruses (DENV) worldwide, overlaps with Aedes (Gymnometopa) mediovittatus (Coquillett), the Caribbean treehole mosquito, in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Ae. mediovittatus is a competent vector of DENV with high rates of vertical DENV transmission in the laboratory. This study determined whether Ae. mediovittatus feeds on humans and compared its feeding patterns with co-occurring Ae. aegypti in two rural communities of Puerto Rico. Adult mosquitoes were captured for three consecutive days every week from July 2009 to May 2010 using BG-Sentinel traps with skin lures that were placed in the front yard of houses in both communities. Three methods were used to identify the 756 bloodmeals obtained in this study: a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for humans and dogs targeting cytochrome b; a PCR targeting the 16S rRNA; and a nested PCR targeting cytochrome b. Ae. mediovittatus fed mostly on humans (45-52%) and dogs (28-32%) but also on cats, cows, horses, rats, pigs, goats, sheep, and chickens. Ae. aegypti fed mostly on humans (76-79%) and dogs (18-21%) but also on cats, horses, and chickens. Our results indicate that Ae. mediovittatus may have a relatively high rate of vector-human contact, which might facilitate virus transmission or harborage in rural areas of Puerto Rico. C1 [Barrera, Roberto; Amador, Manuel; Mackay, Andrew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Bingham, Andrea M.; Hassan, Hassan K.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. RP Barrera, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM rbarrera@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01AI049724] FX We thank the residents of Recio and Providencia for their cooperation and hospitality. We also acknowledge the exceptional field support provided by Belkis Caban, Veronica Acevedo, Gilberto Felix, Juan Medina, Angel Berrios, Jesus Flores, Orlando Gonzalez, Jose Gonzalez, and Luis Riviera. This work was partially supported by a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Project no. R01AI049724) to T.R.U. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 49 IS 4 BP 917 EP 921 DI 10.1603/ME12046 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 971VN UT WOS:000306232500014 PM 22897052 ER PT J AU Brault, AC Fang, Y Dannen, M Anishchenko, M Reisen, WK AF Brault, Aaron C. Fang, Ying Dannen, Maureen Anishchenko, Michael Reisen, William K. TI A Naturally Occurring Mutation Within the Probe-Binding Region Compromises a Molecular-Based West Nile Virus Surveillance Assay for Mosquito Pools (Diptera: Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE surveillance; mosquito pool; qRT-PCR; probe binding region; mutation AB A naturally occurring mutation was detected within the probe binding region targeting the envelope gene sequence of West Nile virus used in real-time polymerase chain reaction assays to test mosquito pools and other samples. A single C -> T transition 6nt from the 5' end of the 16mer in the envelope gene probe-binding region at genomic position 1,194 reduced assay sensitivity. The mutation first was detected in 2009 and persisted at a low prevalence into 2011. The mutation caused a 0.4% false negative error rate during 2011. These data emphasized the importance of confirmational testing and redundancy in surveillance systems relying on highly specific nucleic acid detection platforms. C1 [Brault, Aaron C.; Anishchenko, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Fang, Ying; Dannen, Maureen; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM abrault@cdc.gov FU California Mosquito-borne Surveillance Program; Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California; NIH [AI55607, AI065359] FX This study was supported by the California Mosquito-borne Surveillance Program, districts comprising the Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California, and NIH Grants AI55607 and AI065359. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 49 IS 4 BP 939 EP 941 DI 10.1603/ME11287 PG 3 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 971VN UT WOS:000306232500017 PM 22897055 ER PT J AU Flax, VL Bentley, ME Chasela, CS Kayira, D Hudgens, MG Knight, RJ Soko, A Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, CM Adair, LS AF Flax, Valerie L. Bentley, Margaret E. Chasela, Charles S. Kayira, Dumbani Hudgens, Michael G. Knight, Rodney J. Soko, Alice Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles M. Adair, Linda S. TI Use of Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements by HIV-Infected Malawian Women during Lactation Has No Effect on Infant Growth from 0 to 24 Weeks SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID UNINFECTED CHILDREN BORN; SOUTH-AFRICAN WOMEN; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; FORTIFIED SPREAD; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIAL; MORTALITY; MOTHERS; TRANSMISSION AB The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study evaluated the effect of daily consumption of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) by 2121 lactating, HIV-infected mothers on the growth of their exclusively breast-fed, HIV-uninfected infants from 0 to 24 wk. The study had a 2 x 3 factorial design. Malawian mothers with CD4(+) >= 250 cells/mm(3), hemoglobin >= 70 g/L, and BMI >= 17 kg/m(2) were randomized within 36 h of delivery to receive either no LNS or 140 g/d of LNS to meet lactation energy and protein needs, and mother-infant pairs were assigned to maternal antiretroviral drugs (ARV), infant ARV, or no ARV. Sex-stratified, longitudinal, random effects models were used to estimate the effect of the 6 study arms on infant weight, length, and BMI. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds of growth faltering [decline in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) or length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) >0.67] using the control arm as the reference. Although some differences between study arms emerged with increasing infant age in boys, there were no consistent effects of the maternal supplement across the 3 growth outcomes in longitudinal models. At the ages where differences were observed, the effects on weight and BMI were quite small (<= 200 g and <= 0.4 kg/m(2)) and unlikely to be of clinical importance. Overall, 21 and 340% of infants faltered in WAZ and LAZ, respectively. Maternal supplementation did not reduce the odds of infant weight or length faltering from 0 to 24 wk in any arm. These results indicate that blanket supplementation of HIV-infected lactating women may have little impact on infant growth. J. Nutr. 142: 1350-1356, 2012. C1 [Flax, Valerie L.; Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hudgens, Michael G.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Chasela, Charles S.; Kayira, Dumbani; Soko, Alice] Univ N Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Parktown, South Africa. [Jamieson, Denise J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Flax, VL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM flax@unc.edu OI Flax, Valerie/0000-0003-0200-3355 FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP53107]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; NIH [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06]; Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows Program at Vanderbilt [R24TW007988]; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-Al50410]; Carolina Population Center [NICHD 5 R24 HD050924]; Abbott Laboratories; GlaxoSmithKline; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson Johnson; U.S. Agency for International Development FX Supported by the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09 and SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01), The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP53107), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06), Fogarty International Clinical Research Fellows Program at Vanderbilt (R24TW007988), the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-Al50410), the Carolina Population Center (NICHD 5 R24 HD050924), Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson & Johnson, and the U.S. Agency for International Development. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 142 IS 7 BP 1350 EP 1356 DI 10.3945/jn.111.155598 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 963AP UT WOS:000305592800025 PM 22649265 ER PT J AU Bashir, A Klammer, AA Robins, WP Chin, CS Webster, D Paxinos, E Hsu, D Ashby, M Wang, S Peluso, P Sebra, R Sorenson, J Bullard, J Yen, J Valdovino, M Mollova, E Luong, K Lin, S Lamay, B Joshi, A Rowe, L Frace, M Tarr, CL Turnsek, M Davis, BM Kasarskis, A Mekalanos, JJ Waldor, MK Schadt, EE AF Bashir, Ali Klammer, Aaron A. Robins, William P. Chin, Chen-Shan Webster, Dale Paxinos, Ellen Hsu, David Ashby, Meredith Wang, Susana Peluso, Paul Sebra, Robert Sorenson, Jon Bullard, James Yen, Jackie Valdovino, Marie Mollova, Emilia Luong, Khai Lin, Steven Lamay, Brianna Joshi, Amruta Rowe, Lori Frace, Michael Tarr, Cheryl L. Turnsek, Maryann Davis, Brigid M. Kasarskis, Andrew Mekalanos, John J. Waldor, Matthew K. Schadt, Eric E. TI A hybrid approach for the automated finishing of bacterial genomes SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID READ SEQUENCE DATA; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; STRUCTURAL VARIATION; ORIGIN; GENERATION; INTEGRONS; ASSEMBLER; OUTBREAK; STRAIN; HAITI AB Advances in DNA sequencing technology have improved our ability to characterize most genomic diversity. However, accurate resolution of large structural events is challenging because of the short read lengths of second-generation technologies. Third-generation sequencing technologies, which can yield longer multikilobase reads, have the potential to address limitations associated with genome assembly. Here we combine sequencing data from second- and third-generation DNA sequencing technologies to assemble the two-chromosome genome of a recent Haitian cholera outbreak strain into two nearly finished contigs at >99.9% accuracy. Complex regions with clinically relevant structure were completely resolved. In separate control assemblies on experimental and simulated data for the canonical N16961 cholera reference strain, we obtained 14 scaffolds of greater than 1 kb for the experimental data and 8 scaffolds of greater than 1 kb for the simulated data, which allowed us to correct several errors in contigs assembled from the short-read data alone. This work provides a blueprint for the next generation of rapid microbial identification and full-genome assembly. C1 [Bashir, Ali; Klammer, Aaron A.; Chin, Chen-Shan; Webster, Dale; Paxinos, Ellen; Hsu, David; Ashby, Meredith; Wang, Susana; Peluso, Paul; Sebra, Robert; Sorenson, Jon; Bullard, James; Yen, Jackie; Valdovino, Marie; Mollova, Emilia; Luong, Khai; Lin, Steven; Lamay, Brianna; Joshi, Amruta; Kasarskis, Andrew; Schadt, Eric E.] Pacific Biosci, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Bashir, Ali; Schadt, Eric E.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY USA. [Robins, William P.; Mekalanos, John J.; Waldor, Matthew K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rowe, Lori; Frace, Michael; Tarr, Cheryl L.; Turnsek, Maryann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Davis, Brigid M.; Waldor, Matthew K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Davis, Brigid M.; Waldor, Matthew K.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Schadt, EE (reprint author), Pacific Biosci, Menlo Pk, CA USA. EM eschadt@pacificbiosciences.com FU US National Institutes of Health National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM068851]; NIH [R37 AI-42347]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX This study was supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant R01GM068851 (J.J.M. and W.P.R.), NIH R37 AI-42347 (B.M.D. and M.K.W.) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (B.M.D. and M.K.W.). NR 50 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 21 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 EI 1546-1696 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 30 IS 7 BP 701 EP + DI 10.1038/nbt.2288 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 972QV UT WOS:000306293400029 PM 22750883 ER PT J AU Biello, KB Kershaw, T Nelson, R Hogben, M Ickovics, J Niccolai, L AF Biello, Katie B. Kershaw, Trace Nelson, Robert Hogben, Matthew Ickovics, Jeannette Niccolai, Linda TI Racial Residential Segregation and Rates of Gonorrhea in the United States, 2003-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; HEALTH DISPARITIES; METROPOLITAN-AREAS; SOCIAL CONTEXTS; HIV RISK; ADOLESCENTS AB Objectives. In the United States, Black persons are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including gonorrhea. Individual behaviors do not fully explain these racial disparities. We explored the association of racial residential segregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons and hypothesized that specific dimensions of segregation would be associated with gonorrhea rates. Methods. We used 2003 to 2007 national STI surveillance data and 2000 US Census Bureau data to examine associations of 5 dimensions of racial residential segregation and a composite measure of hypersegregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons in 257 metropolitan statistical areas, overall and by sex and age. We calculated adjusted rate ratios with generalized estimating equations. Results. Isolation and unevenness were significantly associated with gonorrhea rates. Centralization was marginally associated with gonorrhea. Isolation was more strongly associated with gonorrhea among the younger age groups. Concentration, clustering, and hypersegregation were not associated with gonorrhea. Conclusions. Certain dimensions of segregation are important in understanding STI risk among US Black persons. Interventions to reduce sexual risk may need to account for racial residential segregation to maximize effectiveness and reduce existent racial disparities. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1370-1377. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300516) C1 [Biello, Katie B.; Kershaw, Trace; Ickovics, Jeannette; Niccolai, Linda] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Biello, Katie B.; Kershaw, Trace; Ickovics, Jeannette; Niccolai, Linda] Yale Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res AIDS, New Haven, CT USA. [Nelson, Robert; Hogben, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Biello, KB (reprint author), 1340 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kbiello@fenwayhealth.org FU National Institute of Mental Health at the National Institutes of Health [T32MH020031, P30MH062294] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health at the National Institutes of Health (grants T32MH020031 and P30MH062294). NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 102 IS 7 BP 1370 EP 1377 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300516 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 970RU UT WOS:000306150800023 PM 22594733 ER PT J AU Kansagra, SM McGinty, MD Morgenthau, BM Marquez, ML Rosselli-Fraschilla, A Zucker, JR Farley, TA AF Kansagra, Susan M. McGinty, Meghan D. Morgenthau, Beth Maldin Marquez, Monica L. Rosselli-Fraschilla, Annmarie Zucker, Jane R. Farley, Thomas A. TI Cost Comparison of 2 Mass Vaccination Campaigns Against Influenza A H1N1 in New York City SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; SCHOOL; TRIAL AB Objectives. We estimated and compared total costs and costs per dose administered for 2 influenza A 2009 monovalent vaccine campaigns in New York City: an elementary school located campaign targeting enrolled children aged 4 years and older, and a community-based points-of-dispensing campaign for anyone aged 4 years and older. Methods. We determined costs from invoices or we estimated costs. We obtained vaccination data from the Citywide Immunization Registry and reports from the community points of dispensing. Results. The school campaign delivered approximately 202089 vaccines for $17.9 million and $88 per dose. The community campaign delivered 49986 vaccines for $7.6 million and $151 per dose. At projected capacity, the school campaign could have delivered 371 827 doses at $53 each or $13 each when we excluded the value of in-kind resources. The community points of dispensing could have administered 174000 doses at $51 each or $24 each when we excluded the value of in-kind resources. Conclusions. The school campaign delivered vaccines at a lower cost per dose than did the community campaign. Had demand been higher, both campaigns may have delivered vaccine at lower, more comparable cost per dose. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1378-1383. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300363) C1 [Kansagra, Susan M.; McGinty, Meghan D.; Morgenthau, Beth Maldin; Marquez, Monica L.; Rosselli-Fraschilla, Annmarie; Zucker, Jane R.; Farley, Thomas A.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kansagra, SM (reprint author), 42-09 28th St,10-01, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM skansagr@health.nyc.gov FU Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement [5U90TP221298-08]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [CDC-RFA-TP09-902-H1N109]; Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement from the CDC [5U90TP221298-08W1] FX The campaigns described in this study were supported by the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement (grant 5U90TP221298-08) and the Public Health Emergency Response Grant (funding opportunity CDC-RFA-TP09-902-H1N109) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Four of the authors (M. D. M., B. M. M., M. L. M., A. R. F.) are funded by the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement (grant 5U90TP221298-08W1) from the CDC. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 102 IS 7 BP 1378 EP 1383 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300363 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 970RU UT WOS:000306150800024 PM 22676501 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Staples, JE Lehman, JA Fischer, M AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Staples, J. Erin Lehman, Jennifer A. Fischer, Marc TI Medical Risk Factors for Severe West Nile Virus Disease, United States, 2008-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OUTBREAK; COLORADO AB We conducted enhanced surveillance to identify medical risk factors for severe illness (i.e., hospitalization or death) and neuroinvasive disease (i.e., encephalitis or meningitis) among all West Nile virus disease cases reported from selected states from 2008 to 2010. Of the 1,090 case-patients included in the analysis, 708 (65%) case-patients were hospitalized, 641 (59%) case-patients had neuroinvasive disease, and 55 (5%) case-patients died. Chronic renal disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4-12.1), history of cancer (aOR = 3.7; 95% CI = 1.8-7.5), history of alcohol abuse (aOR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.3-6.7), diabetes (aOR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.4-3.4), and hypertension (aOR = 1.5; 95% Cl = 1.1-2.1) were independently associated with severe illness on multivariable analysis. Although the same medical conditions were independently associated with encephalitis, only hypertension was associated with meningitis. The only condition independently associated with death was immune suppression. Prevention messages should be targeted to persons with these conditions. C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Staples, J. Erin; Lehman, Jennifer A.; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM frd3@cdc.gov; auv1@cdc.gov; zjg3@cdc.gov; mxf2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 87 IS 1 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0113 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 970SV UT WOS:000306153500030 PM 22764311 ER PT J AU Steinhardt, L Arguin, P Magill, A AF Steinhardt, Laura Arguin, Paul Magill, Alan TI Malaria Prophylaxis in Latin America: A Controversial Topic Response SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Letter ID TRAVELERS; PRIMAQUINE; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS C1 [Steinhardt, Laura; Arguin, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Magill, Alan] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Steinhardt, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lsteinhardt@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 87 IS 1 BP 192 EP 192 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0193b PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 970SV UT WOS:000306153500033 ER PT J AU Kuempel, ED Geraci, CL Schulte, PA AF Kuempel, Eileen D. Geraci, Charles L. Schulte, Paul A. TI Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Nanomaterials in the Workplace: Translating Research to Practice SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Review DE hazard assessment; nanomaterials; occupational exposure; occupational exposure limit; occupational health; respirable dust; risk assessment; risk management; hazard assessment ID WALLED-CARBON-NANOTUBES; ALVEOLAR-INTERSTITIAL REGION; INSOLUBLE IRIDIUM PARTICLES; ULTRAFINE TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; PULMONARY RESPONSES; SURFACE-AREA; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; SUBCHRONIC INHALATION; MEDICAL-SURVEILLANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB In the last decade since the rise in occupational safety and health (OSH) research focusing on nanomaterials, some progress has been made in generating the health effects and exposure data needed to perform risk assessment and develop risk management guidance. Yet, substantial research gaps remain, as do challenges in the translation of these research findings to OSH guidance and workplace practice. Risk assessment is a process that integrates the hazard, exposure, and doseresponse data to characterize risk in a population (e.g. workers), in order to provide health information needed for risk management decision-making. Thus, the research priorities for risk assessment are those studies that will reduce the uncertainty in the key factors that influence the estimates. Current knowledge of OSH in nanotechnology includes the following: (i) nanomaterials can be measured using standard measurement methods (respirable mass or number concentration), (ii) workplace exposures to nanomaterials can be reduced using engineering controls and personal protective equipment, and (iii) current toxicity testing and risk assessment methods are applicable to nanomaterials. Yet, to ensure protection of workers' health, research is still needed to develop (i) sensitive and quantitative measures of workers' exposure to nanomaterials, (ii) validation methods for exposure controls, and (iii) standardized criteria to categorize hazard data, including better prediction of chronic effects. This article provides a state-of-the-art overview on translating current hazard research data and risk assessment methods for nanomaterials to the development and implementation of effective risk management guidance. C1 [Kuempel, Eileen D.; Geraci, Charles L.; Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kuempel, ED (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ekuempel@cdc.gov NR 110 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 56 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 5 BP 491 EP 505 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mes040 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 970ML UT WOS:000306134200002 PM 22752094 ER PT J AU Van Broekhuizen, P Van Veelen, W Streekstra, WH Schulte, P Reijnders, L AF Van Broekhuizen, Pieter Van Veelen, Wim Streekstra, Willem-Henk Schulte, Paul Reijnders, Lucas TI Exposure Limits for Nanoparticles: Report of an International Workshop on Nano Reference Values SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE derived no-effect levels; nano reference values; occupational exposure limits; precautionary principle; risk management ID NANOMATERIALS; PARTICLES AB This article summarizes the outcome of the discussions at the international workshop on nano reference values (NRVs), which was organized by the Dutch trade unions and employers' organizations and hosted by the Social Economic Council in The Hague in September 2011. It reflects the discussions of 80 international participants representing small- and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), large companies, trade unions, governmental authorities, research institutions, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from many European countries, USA, India, and Brazil. Issues that were discussed concerned the usefulness and acceptability of precaution-based NRVs as a substitute for health-based occupational exposure limits (OELs) and derived no-effect levels (DNELs) for manufactured nanoparticles (NPs). Topics concerned the metrics for measuring NPs, the combined exposure to manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) and process-generated NPs, the use of the precautionary principle, the lack of information about the presence of nanomaterials, and the appropriateness of soft regulation for exposure control. The workshop concluded that the NRV, as an 8-h time-weighted average, is a comprehensible and useful instrument for risk management of professional use of MNMs with a dispersible character. The question remains whether NRVs, as advised for risk management by the Dutch employers' organization and trade unions, should be under soft regulation or that a more binding regulation is preferable. C1 [Van Broekhuizen, Pieter] IVAM UvA BV, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Van Veelen, Wim] FNV, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Streekstra, Willem-Henk] VNO NCW, The Hague, Netherlands. [Schulte, Paul] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Reijnders, Lucas] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Van Broekhuizen, P (reprint author), IVAM UvA BV, Plantage Muidergracht 14, NL-1018 TV Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM pvbroekhuizen@ivam.uva.nl FU Ministry of Social Affairs; UvA Holding BV FX The workshop was held within the frame of the pilot project '"NRVNano Reference Values"', commissioned by the Dutch social partners FNV, CNV, and VNO/NCW with a grant from the Ministry of Social Affairs. Further elaboration of the results was made possible by a grant of the UvA Holding BV. NR 38 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 5 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mes043 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 970ML UT WOS:000306134200004 PM 22752096 ER PT J AU Dahm, MM Evans, DE Schubauer-Berigan, MK Birch, ME Fernback, JE AF Dahm, Matthew M. Evans, Douglas E. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Birch, M. Eileen Fernback, Joseph E. TI Occupational Exposure Assessment in Carbon Nanotube and Nanofiber Primary and Secondary Manufacturers SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE carbon nanofibers; carbon nanotubes; exposure assessment; nanomaterials; nanoparticles ID ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; WORKPLACE; EMISSIONS; AEROSOL; STRATEGIES; PARTICLES AB Research Significance: Toxicological evidence suggests the potential for a wide range of health effects, which could result from exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has proposed a recommended exposure limit (REL) for CNTs/CNFs at the respirable size fraction. The current literature is lacking exposure information, with few studies reporting results for personal breathing zone (PBZ) samples in occupational settings. To address this gap, exposure assessments were conducted at six representative sites identified as CNT/CNF primary or secondary manufacturers. Methods: Personal and area filter-based samples were collected for both the inhalable mass concentration and the respirable mass concentration of elemental carbon (EC) as well as CNT structure count analysis by transmission electron microscopy to assess exposures. When possible, full-shift PBZ samples were collected; area samples were collected on a task-based approach. Results: The vast majority of samples collected in this study were below the proposed REL (7 mu g m(-3)). Two of the three secondary manufacturers' surveyed found concentrations above the proposed REL. None of the samples collected at primary manufacturers were found to be above the REL. Visual and microscopy-based evidence of CNTs/CNFs were found at all sites, with the highest CNT/CNF structure counts being found in samples collected at secondary manufacturing sites. The statistical correlations between the filter-based samples for the mass concentration of EC and CNT structure counts were examined. A general trend was found with a P-value of 0.01 and a corresponding Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.44. Conclusions: CNT/CNF concentrations were above the proposed NIOSH REL for PBZ samples in two secondary manufacturing facilities that use these materials for commercial applications. These samples were collected during dry powder handling processes, such as mixing and weighing, using fairly large quantities of CNTs/CNFs. C1 [Dahm, Matthew M.; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.] Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Evans, Douglas E.; Birch, M. Eileen; Fernback, Joseph E.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Chem Exposure & Monitoring Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Dahm, MM (reprint author), Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Industrywide Studies Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mdahm@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; Dahm, Matthew/I-2131-2012 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; FU NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center FX NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center supplemental funding. NR 37 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 5 BP 542 EP 556 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer110 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 970ML UT WOS:000306134200006 PM 22156567 ER PT J AU Wagner, J Naik-Patel, K Wall, S Harnly, M AF Wagner, Jeff Naik-Patel, Kinnery Wall, Stephen Harnly, Martha TI Measurement of ambient particulate matter concentrations and particle types near agricultural burns using electron microscopy and passive samplers SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PM2.5; PM10; Agricultural burning; Passive samplers; Electron microscopy; Exposure assessment ID AEROSOL SAMPLER; US/MEXICO BORDER; EASTERN WASHINGTON; PM10-2.5; MORTALITY; SMOKE AB Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to obtain ambient PM mass concentrations, elemental size distributions, morphologies, and particle types during four Bermuda grass burn events in Imperial Valley, California. Passive PM samplers were deployed to three to six locations surrounding each burn for durations of 24-120 h. Average PM2.5 and PM10 levels were modestly but significantly higher at locations less than 3.2 km (two miles) from the nearest burn (n = 37). During one monitored burn, higher winds caused an intense ground-level plume to envelop two samplers mounted on telephone poles very close to the field. For this event, 24-h PM2.5 exposures downwind were up to 17 times higher than that measured upwind. Particles were classified into five distinct chemical types consistent with local area sources. Burn-related particle types, primarily submicron carbonaceous particles, contributed 95% of the PM2.5 in the location directly impacted by the ground-level plume, compared to only 12% in the upwind location. Downwind PM10-2.5 particles were enriched in potassium, phosphorus, chlorine, calcium, silicon, and sulfur, consistent with analyses of bulk and partially-burned Bermuda grass. The accuracy and precision of passive sampler PM measurements were all within 4 mu g m(-3), though low median values caused high percent differences for PM2.5. The use of electron microscopy and passive sampling in this study enabled detailed PM characterizations, spatial comparisons, and rapid deployment in often dynamic sampling scenarios. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wagner, Jeff; Wall, Stephen] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Naik-Patel, Kinnery] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Prevent Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Naik-Patel, Kinnery; Harnly, Martha] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. RP Wagner, J (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Mailstop G365-EHLB, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM Jeff.Wagner@cdph.ca.gov; kinnery@gmail.com; Stephen.Wall@cdph.ca.gov; Martha.Harnly@cdph.ca.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency; Border Environment Cooperation Commission's Border US - Mexico Program FX The authors acknowledge the funding of this work by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Border Environment Cooperation Commission's Border 2012 US - Mexico Program. The authors thank Svetlana Smorodinsky from EHIB for conducting the GIS analyses, P.J.E. Quintana and Michael Carey from SDSU for helpful conversations during this study, and Luis Olmedo and field staff from Comite Civico del Valle, Inc. for their assistance with the sampling and site visits. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 54 BP 260 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.067 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 971JQ UT WOS:000306200600031 ER PT J AU Flak, AL Tark, JY Tinker, SC Correa, A Cogswell, ME AF Flak, Audrey L. Tark, Ji Yun Tinker, Sarah C. Correa, Adolfo Cogswell, Mary E. TI Major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and maternal physical activity: A systematic review SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE physical activity; birth defects; systematic review ID CONGENITAL-DEFECTS; LIFE-STYLE; PREGNANCY; EXERCISE; OBESITY; MALFORMATIONS; WORK; PHYSIOTHERAPISTS; INTERVENTION; PREVALENCE AB BACKGROUND We reviewed the published literature to assess the association between maternal periconceptional physical activity and the risk for major, non-chromosomal, birth defects and whether this varies by pre-pregnancy obesity. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Data were abstracted from all articles that met our inclusion criteria and included information on physical activity intensity (mild, moderate, and vigorous) and modality (i.e., standing, lifting, other). We assessed occupational and recreational physical activity separately. The quality of included articles was assessed using the NewcastleOttawa Scale. RESULTS Of 3316 screened articles, 11 were included in this review. Of the four studies that assessed prolonged standing, two reported a positive association with risk for some birth defects; null associations were observed in the other two studies. Associations between heavy lifting or other occupational physical activity exposures and risk for birth defects were inconsistent. A protective association between leisure-time physical activity (i.e., active sports, swimming) and some birth defects (e.g., neural tube defects), was suggested by the results of two studies. Only one study reported assessment of possible effect modification by maternal body mass index (BMI). DISCUSSION Our review suggests that there may be some associations between occupational and leisure-time physical activities and some, major non-chromosomal, birth defects, but relatively limited published research exists on these associations. Further research in this area should include differentiation of birth defects phenotypes, valid assessments of all domains of physical activity, including household and transportation activity, and account for the potential influence of pre-pregnancy BMI. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Flak, Audrey L.; Tark, Ji Yun; Tinker, Sarah C.; Correa, Adolfo; Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Flak, Audrey L.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Flak, Audrey L.; Tark, Ji Yun] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tinker, SC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zzu9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 94 IS 7 BP 521 EP 531 DI 10.1002/bdra.23017 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 971EI UT WOS:000306186100003 PM 22628185 ER PT J AU Plescia, M Richardson, LC Joseph, D AF Plescia, Marcus Richardson, Lisa C. Joseph, Djenaba TI New roles for public health in cancer screening SO CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS LA English DT Editorial Material ID EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; BREAST-CANCER; NATIONAL BREAST C1 [Plescia, Marcus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Joseph, Djenaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Colorectal Canc Control Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Plescia, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NEMS K52, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lfs1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0007-9235 J9 CA-CANCER J CLIN JI CA-Cancer J. Clin. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 62 IS 4 BP 217 EP 219 DI 10.3322/caac.21147 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 970JJ UT WOS:000306123900003 PM 22573193 ER PT J AU Doria-Rose, VP White, MC Klabunde, CN Nadel, MR Richards, TB McNeel, TS Rodriguez, JL Marcus, PM AF Doria-Rose, V. Paul White, Mary C. Klabunde, Carrie N. Nadel, Marion R. Richards, Thomas B. McNeel, Timothy S. Rodriguez, Juan L. Marcus, Pamela M. TI Use of Lung Cancer Screening Tests in the United States: Results from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; FOLLOW-UP; PROJECT; PNEUMOTHORAX; MORTALITY; TRIAL; RISK; OVERDIAGNOSIS AB Background: Before evidence of efficacy, lung cancer screening was being ordered by many physicians. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), which showed a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality among those randomized to receive low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), will likely lead to increased screening use. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of chest X-ray and CT use in the United States using data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Subjects included 15,537 NHIS respondents aged >= 40 years without prior diagnosis of lung cancer. Estimates of the size of the U. S. population by age and smoking status were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression examined predictors of test use adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Twenty-three percent of adults reported chest X-ray in the previous year and 2.5% reported chest X-ray specifically to check for lung cancer; corresponding numbers for chest CT were 7.5% and 1.3%. Older age, black race, male gender, smoking, respiratory disease, personal history of cancer, and having health insurance were associated with test use. Approximately, 8.7 million adults in the United States would be eligible for LDCT screening according to NLST eligibility criteria. Conclusions and Impact: Monitoring of trends in the use of lung screening tests will be vital to assess the impact of NLST and possible changes in lung cancer screening recommendations and insurance coverage in the future. Education of patients by their physicians, and of the general public, may help ensure that screening is used appropriately, in those most likely to benefit. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(7); 1049-59. (C)2012 AACR. C1 [Doria-Rose, V. Paul] NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [White, Mary C.; Nadel, Marion R.; Richards, Thomas B.; Rodriguez, Juan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNeel, Timothy S.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. RP Doria-Rose, VP (reprint author), NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 6130 Execut Blvd,Room 4110,MSC 7344, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM doriarop@mail.nih.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012; OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962; Doria-Rose, Vincent/0000-0002-8802-5143 FU U. S. government FX All authors are federal government employees or contractors, and the National Health Interview Survey and preparation of the manuscript were entirely funded by the U. S. government. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1049 EP 1059 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0343 PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 971NH UT WOS:000306210100007 PM 22573798 ER PT J AU Orjuela, MA Lu, XH Miller, RL Warburton, D Tang, DL Jobanputra, V Hoepner, L Suen, IH Diaz-Carreno, S Li, Z Sjodin, A Perera, FP AF Orjuela, Manuela A. Lu, Xinhua Miller, Rachel L. Warburton, Dorothy Tang, Deliang Jobanputra, Vaidehi Hoepner, Lori Suen, Ida Hui Diaz-Carreno, Silvia Li, Zheng Sjodin, Andreas Perera, Frederica P. TI Urinary Naphthol Metabolites and Chromosomal Aberrations in 5-Year-Old Children SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; CORD BLOOD; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; IN-VITRO; NAPHTHALENE; COHORT; TRANSLOCATIONS; 2-NAPHTHOL; WORKERS AB Background: Exposure to naphthalene, an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)-classified possible carcinogen and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is widespread, though resulting health effects are poorly understood. Metabolites of naphthalene, 1- and 2-naphthol, are measurable in urine and are biomarkers of personal exposure. Chromosomal aberrations, including translocations, are established markers of cancer risk and a biodosimeter of clastogenic exposures. Although prenatal (maternal) PAH exposure predicts chromosomal aberrations in cord blood, few studies have examined chromosomal aberrations in school-age children and none has examined their association with metabolites of specific PAL-Is. Methods: Using Whole Chromosome Paint Fluorescent in situ Hybridization, we documented chromosomal aberrations including translocations, in 113 five-year-old urban minority children and examined their association with concurrent concentrations of PAH metabolites measured in urine. Results: We report that in lymphocytes, the occurrence and frequency of chromosomal aberrations including translocations are associated with levels of urinary 1- and 2-naphthol. When doubling the levels of urinary naphthols, gender-adjusted OR for chromosomal aberrations are 1.63[95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21-2.19] and 1.44(95% CI, 1.02-2.04) for 1- and 2-naphthol, respectively; and for translocations OR = 1.55(95% CI, 1.11-2.17) and 1.92 (95% CI, 1.20-3.08) for 1- and 2-naphthol, respectively. Conclusion: Our results show that markers of exposure to naphthalene in children are associated with translocations in a dose-related manner, and that naphthalene may be a clastogen. Impact: Indoor exposure to elevated levels of naphthalene is prevalent in large regions of the world. This study is the first to present an association between a marker of naphthalene exposure and a precarcinogenic effect in humans. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(7); 1191-202. (C)2012 AACR. C1 [Orjuela, Manuela A.; Miller, Rachel L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Orjuela, Manuela A.; Miller, Rachel L.; Tang, Deliang; Hoepner, Lori; Suen, Ida Hui; Diaz-Carreno, Silvia; Perera, Frederica P.] Columbia Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Warburton, Dorothy; Jobanputra, Vaidehi] Columbia Univ, Dept Genet, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Orjuela, Manuela A.; Miller, Rachel L.; Tang, Deliang; Suen, Ida Hui; Diaz-Carreno, Silvia; Perera, Frederica P.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Li, Zheng; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Orjuela, MA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, 722 W 168th St,Rm 1111, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM mao5@columbia.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; OI Hoepner, Lori/0000-0002-4404-8140 FU NIH US Environmental Protection Agency [(STAR)] [R01ES12732, U01CA159157, 5P01ES09600, R01 ES013163, P50 ES015905, 5RO1ES08977, RO1ES111158, RO1ES012468, P30 ES09089, RD832096, R827027, 8260901, RR00645]; New York Community Trust FX This study is supported by NIH grants R01ES12732, U01CA159157, 5P01ES09600, R01 ES013163, P50 ES015905, 5RO1ES08977, RO1ES111158, RO1ES012468, and P30 ES09089 US Environmental Protection Agency [(STAR) grant RD832096, R827027, 8260901, and RR00645], and the New York Community Trust. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1191 EP 1202 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0214 PG 12 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 971NH UT WOS:000306210100024 PM 22573794 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G Singh, A Duval, B Rickert, R Ayers, S Abbott, J McGlinchey, B Bauer-Turpin, J Haro, J Hise, K Zhao, S Fedorka-Cray, PJ Whichard, J McDermott, PF AF Folster, J. P. Pecic, G. Singh, A. Duval, B. Rickert, R. Ayers, S. Abbott, J. McGlinchey, B. Bauer-Turpin, J. Haro, J. Hise, K. Zhao, S. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Whichard, J. McDermott, P. F. TI Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg Isolated from Food Animals, Retail Meat, and Humans in the United States 2009 SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AMPC BETA-LACTAMASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; PLASMIDS; CMY-2; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POULTRY; STRAINS AB Salmonella enterica is one of the most common causes of foodborne illness in the United States. Although salmonellosis is usually self-limiting, severe infections typically require antimicrobial treatment, and ceftriaxone, an extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC), is commonly used in both adults and children. Surveillance conducted by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) has shown a recent increase in ESC resistance among Salmonella Heidelberg isolated from food animals at slaughter, retail meat, and humans. ESC resistance among Salmonella in the United States is usually mediated by a plasmid-encoded bla(CMY) beta-lactamase. In 2009, we identified 47 ESC-resistant bla(CMY)-positive Heidelberg isolates from humans (n = 18), food animals at slaughter (n = 16), and retail meats (n = 13) associated with a spike in the prevalence of this serovar. Almost 90% (26/29) of the animal and meat isolates were isolated from chicken carcasses or retail chicken meat. We screened NARMS isolates for the presence of bla(CMY), determined whether the gene was plasmid-encoded, examined pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns to assess the genetic diversities of the isolates, and categorized the bla(CMY) plasmids by plasmid incompatibility groups and plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST). All 47 bla(CMY) genes were found to be plasmid encoded. Incompatibility/replicon typing demonstrated that 41 were IncI1 plasmids, 40 of which only conferred bla(CMY)-associated resistance. Six were IncA/C plasmids that carried additional resistance genes. pMLST of the IncI1-bla(CMY) plasmids showed that 27 (65.8%) were sequence type (ST) 12, the most common ST among bla(CMY)-IncI1 plasmids from Heidelberg isolated from humans. Ten plasmids had a new ST profile, ST66, a type very similar to ST12. This work showed that the 2009 increase in ESC resistance among Salmonella Heidelberg was caused mainly by the dissemination of bla(CMY) on IncI1 and IncA/C plasmids in a variety of genetic backgrounds, and is likely not the result of clonal expansion. C1 [Folster, J. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, OID NCEZID DFWED EDLB, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Singh, A.; Ayers, S.; Abbott, J.; Zhao, S.; McDermott, P. F.] US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. [Folster, J. P.; Pecic, G.] IHRC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Duval, B.; Bauer-Turpin, J.; Haro, J.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, OID NCEZID DFWED EDLB, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov FU CDC; USDA; FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine FX We thank the NARMS participating public health laboratories for submitting the isolates, Anne Whitney for DNA sequencing, Alessandra Carattoli for the plasmid incompatibility typing control strains, and Maria Karlsson for her critical review. This work was partially supported by an interagency agreement between CDC, USDA, and the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC, FDA or USDA. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 IS 7 BP 638 EP 645 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1130 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 970AX UT WOS:000306101600010 PM 22755514 ER PT J AU Goddard, KAB Knaus, WA Whitlock, E Lyman, GH Feigelson, HS Schully, SD Ramsey, S Tunis, S Freedman, AN Khoury, MJ Veenstra, DL AF Goddard, Katrina A. B. Knaus, William A. Whitlock, Evelyn Lyman, Gary H. Feigelson, Heather Spencer Schully, Sheri D. Ramsey, Scott Tunis, Sean Freedman, Andrew N. Khoury, Muin J. Veenstra, David L. TI Building the evidence base for decision making in cancer genomic medicine using comparative effectiveness research SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE clinical utility; evidence generation; evidence synthesis; stakeholder ID CLUSTER RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; NEGATIVE BREAST-CANCER; TUMOR GENE-EXPRESSION; PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; RISK; EXPERIENCE; DESIGN; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATIONS AB The clinical utility is uncertain for many cancer genomic applications. Comparative effectiveness research (CER) can provide evidence to clarify this uncertainty. The aim of this study was to identify approaches to help stakeholders make evidence-based decisions and to describe potential challenges and opportunities in using CER to produce evidence-based guidance. We identified general CER approaches for genomic applications through literature review, the authors' experiences, and lessons learned from a recent, seven-site CER initiative in cancer genomic medicine. Case studies illustrate the use of CER approaches. Evidence generation and synthesis approaches used in CER include comparative observational and randomized trials, patient-reported outcomes, decision modeling, and economic analysis. Significant challenges to conducting CER in cancer genomics include the rapid pace of innovation, lack of regulation, and variable definitions and evidence thresholds for clinical and personal utility. Opportunities to capitalize on CER methods in cancer genomics include improvements in the conduct of evidence synthesis, stakeholder engagement, increasing the number of comparative studies, and developing approaches to inform clinical guidelines and research prioritization. CER offers a variety of methodological approaches that can address stakeholders' needs and help ensure an effective translation of genomic discoveries. C1 [Goddard, Katrina A. B.; Whitlock, Evelyn] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Knaus, William A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Lyman, Gary H.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Lyman, Gary H.] Duke Canc Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Feigelson, Heather Spencer] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Schully, Sheri D.; Freedman, Andrew N.; Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ramsey, Scott] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Canc Prevent Res Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Tunis, Sean] Ctr Med Technol Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Veenstra, David L.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharm, Pharmaceut Outcomes Res & Policy Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Goddard, KAB (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. EM katrina.ab.goddard@kpchr.org FU National Institutes of Health [P50HG003374, RC2CA148570, UO1GM092676]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U18GD000005, 5U18-GD000005-02]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act from the National Cancer Institute [UC2 CA148471, RC2 CA148570-01, RC2CA148041-01, UC2CA150911] FX D.L.V. reports serving as a consultant for Medco, Novartis Molecular Diagnostics, and Genentech, and is supported by the following genomics-related research grants: P50HG003374, RC2CA148570, and UO1GM092676 from the National Institutes of Health and U18GD000005 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; This study was supported in part by cooperative agreements funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act from the National Cancer Institute including the CERGEN study (UC2 CA148471 to K.A.B.G., E.W., and H.S.F.), the CANCERGEN study (RC2 CA148570-01 to S.R. and D.L.V.), RC2CA148041-01 (to G. H. L.), Building a Genome Enabled Electronic Medical Record (UC2CA150911 to W.A.K.), and a cooperative agreement funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5U18-GD000005-02 to D.L.V.). NR 72 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 7 BP 633 EP 642 DI 10.1038/gim.2012.16 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 971YB UT WOS:000306241800001 PM 22516979 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M Dotson, WD Schully, SD AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta Dotson, W. David Schully, Sheri D. TI Knowledge integration at the center of genomic medicine SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE evidence-based medicine; genomic medicine; knowledge integration; management; synthesis; translation ID PUBLIC-HEALTH GENOMICS; TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; CANCER; 21ST-CENTURY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; CONTINUUM; BEDSIDE; NETWORK AB Three articles in this issue of Genetics in Medicine describe examples of "knowledge integration," involving methods for generating and synthesizing rapidly emerging information on health-related genomic technologies and engaging stakeholders around the evidence. Knowledge integration, the central process in translating genomic research, involves three closely related, iterative components: knowledge management, knowledge synthesis, and knowledge translation. Knowledge management is the ongoing process of obtaining, organizing, and displaying evolving evidence. For example, horizon scanning and "infoveillance" use emerging technologies to scan databases, registries, publications, and cyberspace for information on genomic applications. Knowledge synthesis is the process of conducting systematic reviews using a priori rules of evidence. For example, methods including meta-analysis, decision analysis, and modeling can be used to combine information from basic, clinical, and population research. Knowledge translation refers to stakeholder engagement and brokering to influence policy, guidelines and recommendations, as well as the research agenda to close knowledge gaps. The ultrarapid production of information requires adequate public and private resources for knowledge integration to support the evidence-based development of genomic medicine. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta; Dotson, W. David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Schully, Sheri D.] NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gwinn, Marta] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov OI Dotson, William David/0000-0002-9606-6594 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 7 BP 643 EP 647 DI 10.1038/gim.2012.43 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 971YB UT WOS:000306241800002 PM 22555656 ER PT J AU Maclennan, CF Ghosh, TS Juliusson, L Vogt, RL Boehmer, TK AF Maclennan, Carol F. Ghosh, Tista S. Juliusson, Lara Vogt, Richard L. Boehmer, Tegan K. TI Derby District Redevelopment in Colorado: Case Study on the Health Impact Assessment Process SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENT; POLICY AB Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a tool that is increasingly utilized in the U.S. to shape policies that may impact the public's health. Domestic examples of HIAs and the process by which they were conducted, however, are rarely documented in the peer-reviewed literature. Through an existing relationship with the planning department in Commerce City Colorado, Tri-County Health Department (TCHD) was able to identify a proposed redevelopment plan as a candidate for an HIA. The HIA focused on potential effects of the proposed redevelopment of Commerce City's historic Derby District on residents' physical activity and nutrition-related behaviors. This article describes the HIA process used by TCHD. Several sources of data were used, including participatory community input on walkability and safety, local health behavior data, and maps of health-influencing environmental characteristics. Using a variety of information sources including community input and local health behavior data can be useful in conducting HIAs and impacting policies. Local health departments should consider cultivating ongoing collaborative partnerships with municipal planning departments and community groups to conduct HIAs and to implement recommendations. C1 [Maclennan, Carol F.; Ghosh, Tista S.; Juliusson, Lara; Vogt, Richard L.] Tricty Hlth Dept, Greenwood Village, CO 80111 USA. [Boehmer, Tegan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ghosh, TS (reprint author), Tricty Hlth Dept, 6162 S Willow Dr,Suite 100, Greenwood Village, CO 80111 USA. EM tghosh@tchd.org FU LiveWell Colorado; NACCHO FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), and the American Planning Association for providing our initial training on conducting HIAs. We would also like to acknowledge both LiveWell Colorado (formerly Thriving Communities) and NACCHO for grants in support of this HIA and for promoting healthy behaviors in Commerce City. Finally, we want to recognize Todd Hockenberry, TCHD GIS specialist, and Gary Sky, TCHD public information officer, for technical assistance with mapping and graphics. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 75 IS 1 BP 8 EP 13 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 970UX UT WOS:000306158900002 PM 22866397 ER PT J AU Antao, VC Horton, DK AF Antao, Vinicius C. Horton, D. Kevin TI The National Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Registry SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PILOT CASE-CONTROL; RISK; OCCUPATION; MORTALITY; TRAUMA; JAPAN C1 [Antao, Vinicius C.] Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Registries Team, Environm Hlth Surveillance Branch, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Antao, VC (reprint author), Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Registries Team, Environm Hlth Surveillance Branch, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM VAntao@cdc.gov RI Antao, Vinicius/B-5395-2013 OI Antao, Vinicius/0000-0002-8201-9973 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 75 IS 1 BP 28 EP 30 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 970UX UT WOS:000306158900006 PM 22866401 ER PT J AU Forbi, JC Purdy, MA Campo, DS Vaughan, G Dimitrova, ZE Ganova-Raeva, LM Xia, GL Khudyakov, YE AF Forbi, Joseph C. Purdy, Michael A. Campo, David S. Vaughan, Gilberto Dimitrova, Zoya E. Ganova-Raeva, Lilia M. Xia, Guo-liang Khudyakov, Yury E. TI Epidemic history of hepatitis C virus infection in two remote communities in Nigeria, West Africa SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RAPID TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; LOW-RISK; GENOTYPES; CAMEROON; PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY; HIV; CLASSIFICATION AB We investigated the molecular epidemiology and population dynamics of HCV infection among indigenes of two semi-isolated communities in North-Central Nigeria. Despite remoteness and isolation, similar to 15% of the population had serological or molecular markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Phylogenetic analysis of the NS5b sequences obtained from 60 HCV-infected residents showed that HCV variants belonged to genotype 1 (n=51; 85%) and genotype 2 (n=9; 15%). All sequences were unique and intermixed in the phylogenetic tree with HCV sequences from people infected from other West African countries. The high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing of the HCV hypervariable region 1 and an empirical threshold error correction algorithm were used to evaluate intra-host heterogeneity of HCV strains of genotype 1 (n=43) and genotype 2 (n=6) from residents of the communities. Analysis revealed a rare detectable intermixing of HCV intrahost variants among residents. Identification of genetically close HCV variants among all known groups of relatives suggests a common intra-familial HCV transmission in the communities. Applying Bayesian coalescent analysis to the NS5b sequences, the most recent common ancestors for genotype 1 and 2 variants were estimated to have existed 675 and 286 years ago, respectively. Bayesian skyline plots suggest that HCV lineages of both genotypes identified in the Nigerian communities experienced epidemic growth for 200-300 years until the mid-20th century. The data suggest a massive introduction of numerous HCV variants to the communities during the 20th century in the background of a dynamic evolutionary history of the hepatitis C epidemic in Nigeria over the past three centuries. C1 [Forbi, Joseph C.; Purdy, Michael A.; Campo, David S.; Vaughan, Gilberto; Dimitrova, Zoya E.; Ganova-Raeva, Lilia M.; Xia, Guo-liang; Khudyakov, Yury E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Forbi, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JForbi@cdc.gov RI Campo, David S./C-5072-2011 OI Campo, David S./0000-0002-8970-3436 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 59 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 93 BP 1410 EP 1421 DI 10.1099/vir.0.042184-0 PN 7 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 973GT UT WOS:000306348900002 PM 22456613 ER PT J AU Harper, M Ashley, K AF Harper, Martin Ashley, Kevin TI Preliminary Studies on the Use of Acid-Soluble Cellulose Acetate Internal Capsules for Workplace Metals Sampling and Analysis SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WALL DEPOSITS; CLOSED-FACE; FILTER; SPECTROMETRY; CASSETTES; DUSTS C1 [Harper, Martin] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ashley, Kevin] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Harper, M (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM zzg7@cdc.org FU CDC/NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) FX We are extremely grateful to the volunteer laboratories for their participation in this study. We would also like to acknowledge Research Triangle Institute (RTI International, Chapel Hill, NC) for spiking the Accu-caps for this research. This work was carried out under the auspices of a CDC/NIOSH National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) exposure assessment project. We would also like to thank NIOSH internal reviewers for their assistance with this manuscript. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 9 IS 7 BP D125 EP D129 DI 10.1080/15459624.2012.691354 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 972RD UT WOS:000306296700001 PM 22702231 ER PT J AU Mainous, AG Knoll, ME Everett, CJ Hulihan, MM Grant, AM Garrison, C Koenig, G Sayers, C Allen, KW AF Mainous, Arch G., III Knoll, Michele E. Everett, Charles J. Hulihan, Mary M. Grant, Althea M. Garrison, Cheryl Koenig, Gerald Sayers, Cynthia Allen, Kelsey W. TI A National Survey of Hemochromatosis Patients SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Health Care Surveys; Hemochromatosis; Hematology ID HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; GENE AB Background: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common genetic disease in the United States, but little is known about the diagnosis from the patient's perspective. The purpose of this study was to characterize the circumstances surrounding the diagnosis of HH and assess treatments and health information needs. Methods: We surveyed US adults aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with HH after 1996. Response rate was 46%, with a total sample size of 979. Respondents were asked about the use of genetic and clinical markers in their diagnosis, current treatments, and health information needs. Results: Results were stratified by age, education, and income status. Total of 90.0% of women and 75.5% of men were genetically tested for HH (P < .01). Approximately half (52.5%) were diagnosed by a gastroenterologist, hematologist, or other specialty physician and half were diagnosed by a primary care provider. Most of the respondents thought their HH had improved with the initial treatment and most patients were still receiving treatment for HH. Patient interest in learning more about specific hemochromatosis topics was generally high. Conclusions: Since the introduction of genetic identification of HH, these tests have been used in the diagnosis of the majority of patients. Primary care physicians may need to be more aware HH and strategies for diagnosis. (J Am Board Fam Med 2012;25:432-436.) C1 [Mainous, Arch G., III; Knoll, Michele E.; Everett, Charles J.; Allen, Kelsey W.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Family Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Hulihan, Mary M.; Grant, Althea M.; Sayers, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garrison, Cheryl; Koenig, Gerald] Iron Disorders Inst, Taylors, SC USA. RP Mainous, AG (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Family Med, 295 Calhoun St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM mainouag@musc.edu OI Mainous, Arch/0000-0002-2535-7685 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [MM1144]; Centers of Disease Control FX Funded in part by cooperative agreement (MM1144) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; As a cooperative agreement, authors Mary M. Hulihan and Althea M. Grant from the Centers of Disease Control helped in all aspects of this study. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 25 IS 4 BP 432 EP 436 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2012.04.110259 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 971GD UT WOS:000306190900007 PM 22773711 ER PT J AU Cramer, EH Slaten, DD Guerreiro, A Robbins, D Ganzon, A AF Cramer, Elaine H. Slaten, Douglas D. Guerreiro, Adriane Robbins, Danisha Ganzon, Andrew TI Management and Control of Varicella on Cruise Ships: A Collaborative Approach to Promoting Public Health SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; PASSENGER BEHAVIORS; FOODBORNE DISEASE; RISK-MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA-B; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; GASTROENTERITIS AB Background In most years varicella is the vaccine-preventable disease most frequently reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by cruise ships. Since 2005, CDC has received numerous isolated case reports of varicella among crew members and has investigated varicella outbreaks aboard vessels sailing into and from US seaports. Methods CDC investigators reviewed electronic varicella case reports from 2005 to 2009 and outbreak reports from 2009 to characterize the response and control efforts implemented by cruise ships in accordance with CDC protocols. Outbreak reports from 2009 were manually reviewed for details of case identification, contact investigations, isolation and restriction of cases and contacts, respectively, and number of contacts administered varicella vaccine post-exposure by cruise lines. Results During 2005 to 2009, cruise ships reported 278 cases of varicella to CDC among predominantly male (80%) crew members, three-quarters of whom were residents of Caribbean countries, Indonesia, the Philippines, or India, and whose median age was 29 years. Cases were more commonly reported during spring and winter months. During 2009, cruise ships reported 94 varicella cases among crew members of which 66 (70%) were associated with 18 reported varicella outbreaks. Outbreak response included isolation of 66 (100%) of 66 cases, restriction of 66 (26%) of 255 crew-contacts, and administration of post-exposure vaccine to 522 close contacts and other susceptible crew members per standard CDC recommendations. Discussion Most cases reported to CDC during 2005 to 2009 were among non-US resident crew members. Overall, cruise lines sailing into North America have the onboard capability to manage varicella cases and outbreaks and appear responsive to CDC recommendations. Cruise lines should continue to implement CDC-recommended response protocols to curtail outbreaks rapidly and should consider whether pre-placement varicella immunity screening and vaccination of crew members is a cost-effective option for their respective fleet operations. C1 [Cramer, Elaine H.; Slaten, Douglas D.; Robbins, Danisha; Ganzon, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Quarantine & Border Hlth Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Guerreiro, Adriane] Florida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Slaten, DD (reprint author), CDC Los Angeles Quarantine Stn, 380 World Way,Box N-19, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. EM dslaten@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 19 IS 4 BP 226 EP 232 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00621.x PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 970NA UT WOS:000306136200005 PM 22776383 ER PT J AU Mitruka, K Felsen, CB Tomianovic, D Inman, B Street, K Yambor, P Reef, SE AF Mitruka, Kiren Felsen, Christina B. Tomianovic, Danitza Inman, Barry Street, Karen Yambor, Phyllis Reef, Susan E. TI Measles, Rubella, and Varicella Among the Crew of a Cruise Ship Sailing From Florida, United States, 2006 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background Cruise ship outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) such as rubella and varicella have been previously associated with introduction and spread among susceptible crew members originating from countries with endemic transmission of these diseases. Methods During February to April 2006, we investigated a cluster of rash illnesses due to measles, rubella, or varicella on a cruise ship sailing from Florida to the Caribbean. Case-finding measures included review of medical logs, active surveillance for rash illness among crew members, and passive surveillance for rash illness in the ship's infirmary lasting two incubation periods from the last case of measles. Passengers with potential exposure to these VPD were notified by letters. All susceptible crew members with potential exposure were administered the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine after informed consent. Results A total of 16 cases were identified only among crew members: 1 rubella, 3 measles (two-generation spread), 11 varicella (three-generation spread), and 1 unknown diagnosis. Of 1,197 crew members evaluated, 4 had proof of immunity to measles and rubella. Based on passive surveillance, no cases were identified among passengers, the majority of whom resided in the United States. Conclusion The international makeup of the population aboard cruise ships combined with their semi-enclosed environment has the potential to facilitate introduction and spread of VPD such as measles, rubella, and varicella onboard and into communities. Cruise lines should ensure crew members have evidence of immunity to these diseases. Passengers should be up to date with all vaccinations, including those that are travel-specific, prior to embarking on cruise travel. C1 [Mitruka, Kiren; Felsen, Christina B.; Tomianovic, Danitza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Inman, Barry; Street, Karen] Florida Dept Hlth, Brevard Cty Hlth Dept, Merritt Isl, FL USA. [Yambor, Phyllis] Bur Immunizat, Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Reef, Susan E.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mitruka, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kmitruka@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 19 IS 4 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00620.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 970NA UT WOS:000306136200006 PM 22776384 ER PT J AU Li, KK Luo, C Wang, DX Jiang, HL Zheng, YG AF Li, Keqin Kathy Luo, Cheng Wang, Dongxia Jiang, Hualiang Zheng, Y. George TI Chemical and biochemical approaches in the study of histone methylation and demethylation SO MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE histone methylation; demethylation; ChIP; mass spectrometry; chemical ligation; inhibitor ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTEIN-ARGININE-METHYLTRANSFERASE; ADENOSYLMETHIONINE-DEPENDENT METHYLTRANSFERASES; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; LYSINE 36-SPECIFIC METHYLTRANSFERASE; CONTINUOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY; ELECTRON-CAPTURE DISSOCIATION; MECHANISM-BASED INACTIVATOR; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS AB Histone methylation represents one of the most critical epigenetic events in DNA function regulation in eukaryotic organisms. Classic molecular biology and genetics tools provide significant knowledge about mechanisms and physiological roles of histone methyltransferases and demethylases in various cellular processes. In addition to this stream line, development and application of chemistry and chemistry-related techniques are increasingly involved in biological study, and offer information otherwise difficult to obtain by standard molecular biology methods. Herein, we review recent achievements and progress in developing and applying chemical and biochemical approaches in the study of histone methylation, including chromatin immunoprecipitation, chemical ligation, mass spectrometry, biochemical methylation and demethylation assays, and inhibitor development. These technological advances allow histone methylation to be studied from genome-wide level to molecular and atomic levels. With ChIP technology, information can be obtained about precise mapping of histone methylation patterns at specific promoters, genes, or other genomic regions. MS is particularly useful in detecting and analyzing methylation marks in histone and nonhistone protein substrates. Chemical approaches that permit site-specific incorporation of methyl groups into histone proteins greatly facilitate the investigation of biological impacts of methylation at individual modification sites. Discovery and design of selective organic inhibitors of histone methyltransferases and demethylases provide chemical probes to interrogate methylation-mediated cellular pathways. Overall, these chemistry-related technological advances have greatly improved our understanding of the biological functions of histone methylation in normal physiology and diseased states, and also are of great potential to translate basic epigenetics research into diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the clinic. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev., 32, No. 4, 815-867, 2012 C1 [Zheng, Y. George] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Li, Keqin Kathy] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Rui Jin Hosp, State Key Lab Med Genom,Shanghai Inst Hematol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Li, Keqin Kathy] US SINO Epigenet Assoc, Norcross, GA USA. [Luo, Cheng; Jiang, Hualiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Mat Med, State Key Lab Drug Res, Drug Discovery & Design Ctr, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China. [Wang, Dongxia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Biol Mass Spectrometry Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zheng, YG (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 4098, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM yzheng@gsu.edu RI Zheng, Yujun/H-9122-2012; Zheng, Yujun/P-8975-2014 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20972174]; Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Program [10410703900]; State Key Program of Basic Research of China [2009CB918502]; National ST Major Project [2009ZX09501-001]; Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Cancer Scientist program; American Heart Association FX Contract grant sponsor: National Natural Science Foundation of China; Contract grant number: 20972174; Contract grant sponsor: Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Program; Contract grant number: 10410703900; Contract grant sponsor: State Key Program of Basic Research of China; Contract grant number: 2009CB918502; Contract grant sponsor: National S&T Major Project; Contract grant number: 2009ZX09501-001; Contract grant sponsors: Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Cancer Scientist program; American Heart Association. NR 295 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0198-6325 J9 MED RES REV JI Med. Res. Rev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 SI SI BP 815 EP 867 DI 10.1002/med.20228 PG 53 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 970OA UT WOS:000306140000006 PM 22777714 ER PT J AU Weiss, SL Haymond, S Ranaivo, HR Wang, DL De Jesus, VR Chace, DH Wainwright, MS AF Weiss, Scott L. Haymond, Shannon Ranaivo, Hantamalala Ralay Wang, Deli De Jesus, Victor R. Chace, Donald H. Wainwright, Mark S. TI Evaluation of asymmetric dimethylarginine, arginine, and carnitine metabolism in pediatric sepsis SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE arginine; carnitine; intensive care units; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; pediatric; sepsis ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; SEPTIC SHOCK; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ADMA; MORTALITY; DISEASE; NO; DIMETHYLAMINOHYDROLASE; DYSFUNCTION AB Objective: Increased plasma concentrations of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, asymmetric dimethylarginine, decreased arginine bioavailability, and mitochondrial dysfunction have been reported in adult sepsis. We studied whether asymmetric dimethylarginine, arginine, and carnitine metabolism (a measure of mitochondrial dysfunction) are altered in pediatric sepsis and whether these are clinically useful biomarkers. Design: Prospective, observational study. Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit at an academic medical center. Patients: Ninety patients <= 18 yrs old, 30 with severe sepsis or septic shock, compared with 30 age-matched febrile and 30 age-matched healthy control subjects. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine and whole blood arginine, citrulline, ornithine, and acylcarnitine: free carnitine ratio were measured daily for septic patients and once for control subjects using tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentration (median; interquartile range mu mol/L) on day 1 was lower in severe sepsis and septic shock (0.38; 0.30-0.56) compared with febrile (0.45; 0.40-0.59) and healthy (0.60; 0.54-0.67) control subjects (p < .001), although decreased asymmetric dimethylarginine was predominantly found in neutropenic patients. Day 1 arginine was lower in septic (10; interquartile range, 7-20 mu mol/L) compared with healthy patients (32; interquartile range, 23-40; p < .001), and the arginine: ornithine ratio was decreased in sepsis, indicating increased arginase activity (an alternative pathway for arginine metabolism). The arginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine and acylcarnitine: free carnitine ratios did not differ between septic and control patients. Asymmetric dimethylarginine was inversely correlated with organ dysfunction by Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction score (r = -0.50, p = .009), interleukin-6 (r = -0.55, p = .01), and interleukin-8 (r = -0.52, p = .03) on admission. Arginine, arginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine, and acylcarnitine: free carnitine were not associated with organ dysfunction or outcomes. Conclusions: Asymmetric dimethylarginine was decreased in pediatric sepsis and was inversely associated with inflammation and organ dysfunction. This suggests that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by asymmetric dimethylarginine accumulation is unlikely to impact sepsis pathophysiology in septic children despite decreased arginine bioavailability. We did not find an association of asymmetric dimethylarginine with altered carnitine metabolism nor were asymmetric dimethylarginine, arginine, and acylcarnitine: free carnitine useful as clinical biomarkers. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2012; 13:e210-e218) C1 [Weiss, Scott L.; Wainwright, Mark S.] Childrens Mem Hosp, NW Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Crit Care, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Ranaivo, Hantamalala Ralay; Wainwright, Mark S.] Childrens Mem Hosp, NW Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Haymond, Shannon] Childrens Mem Hosp, NW Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Wang, Deli] Childrens Mem Res Ctr, Biostat Res Core, Chicago, IL USA. [De Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chace, Donald H.] Ctr Res Educ & Qual, Pediatrix Med Grp, Sunrise, FL USA. Northwestern Univ, Childrens Mem Hosp, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. RP Wainwright, MS (reprint author), Childrens Mem Hosp, NW Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Crit Care, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM m-wainwright@northwestern.edu FU Medical Research Junior Board Foundation; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Colman Family Grant; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [UL1RR025741] FX Financial support was provided by the Medical Research Junior Board Foundation (MSW), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SH), the Colman Family Grant (SW), and by grant UL1RR025741 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1529-7535 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP E210 EP E218 DI 10.1097/PCC.0b013e318238b5cd PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA 970FU UT WOS:000306114300001 PM 22460770 ER PT J AU Bloch, EM Herwaldt, BL Leiby, DA Shaieb, A Herron, RM Chervenak, M Reed, W Hunter, R Ryals, R Hagar, W Xayavong, MV Slemenda, SB Pieniazek, NJ Wilkins, PP Kjemtrup, AM AF Bloch, Evan M. Herwaldt, Barbara L. Leiby, David A. Shaieb, Annette Herron, Ross M. Chervenak, Michael Reed, William Hunter, Robert Ryals, Rosilyn Hagar, Ward Xayavong, Maniphet V. Slemenda, Susan B. Pieniazek, Norman J. Wilkins, Patricia P. Kjemtrup, Anne M. TI The third described case of transfusion-transmitted Babesia duncani SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; WASHINGTON-STATE; MICROTI; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; CALIFORNIA; PARASITE AB BACKGROUND: Almost all of the reported US tick-borne and transfusion-associated Babesia cases have been caused by Babesia microti, which is endemic in the Northeast and upper Midwest. We investigated a case caused by B. duncani (formerly, the WA1-type parasite), in a 59-year-old California resident with sickle cell disease (HbSS) whose only risk factor for infection was receipt of red blood cell transfusions. CASE REPORT: The patient's case was diagnosed in September 2008: intraerythrocytic parasites were noted on a blood smear, after a several-month history of increasing transfusion requirements. Molecular and indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) analyses were negative for B. microti but were positive for B. duncani (IFA titer, 1:1024). The complete 18S ribosomal RNA gene of the parasite was amplified from a blood specimen; the DNA sequence was identical to the sequence for the index WA1 parasite isolated in 1991. The patient's case prompted a transfusion investigation: 34 of 38 pertinent blood donors were evaluated, none of whom tested positive by B. microti IFA. The implicated donora 67-year-old California residenthad a B. duncani titer of 1:4096; B. duncani also was isolated by inoculating jirds (Mongolian gerbils) with a blood specimen from March 2009, more than 10 months after his index donation in April 2008. The patient's case was diagnosed more than 4 months after the implicated transfusion in May 2008. CONCLUSIONS: This patient had the third documented transfusion case caused by B. duncani. His case underscores the fact that babesiosis can be caused by agents not detected by molecular or serologic analyses for B. microti. C1 [Bloch, Evan M.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD USA. Alta Bates Summit Med Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA. Amer Red Cross, Pomona, CA USA. Amer Red Cross, Oakland, CA USA. Cerus Corp, Concord, CA USA. Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Lab Field Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Alameda Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Alameda, CA USA. Childrens Hosp, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Bloch, EM (reprint author), Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Mason Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM ebloch@bloodsystems.org OI Kjemtrup, Anne/0000-0002-5788-7621 NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2012 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1517 EP 1522 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03467.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 972PO UT WOS:000306289500018 PM 22168221 ER PT J AU Severino, LS Auld, DL Baldanzi, M Candido, MJD Chen, G Crosby, W Tan, D He, XH Lakshmamma, P Lavanya, C Machado, OLT Mielke, T Milani, M Miller, TD Morris, JB Morse, SA Navas, AA Soares, DJ Sofiatti, V Wang, ML Zanotto, MD Zieler, H AF Severino, Liv S. Auld, Dick L. Baldanzi, Marco Candido, Magno J. D. Chen, Grace Crosby, William Tan, D. He, Xiaohua Lakshmamma, P. Lavanya, C. Machado, Olga L. T. Mielke, Thomas Milani, Maira Miller, Travis D. Morris, J. B. Morse, Stephen A. Navas, Alejandro A. Soares, Dartanha J. Sofiatti, Valdinei Wang, Ming L. Zanotto, Mauricio D. Zieler, Helge TI A Review on the Challenges for Increased Production of Castor SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID RICINUS-COMMUNIS L.; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; DO-SUL STATE; ALBUMIN STORAGE PROTEINS; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; BEAN CULTIVAR IRIS; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; 2S ALBUMIN; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION AB Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is one of the oldest cultivated crops, but currently it represents only 0.15% of the vegetable oil produced in the world. Castor oil is of continuing importance to the global specialty chemical industry because it is the only commercial source of a hydroxylated fatty acid. Castor also has tremendous future potential as an industrial oilseed crop because of its high seed oil content (more than 480 g kg(-1)), unique fatty acid composition (900 g kg(-1) of ricinoleic acid), potentially high oil yields (1250-2500 L ha(-1)), and ability to be grown under drought and saline conditions. The scientific literature on castor has been generated by a relatively small global community of researchers over the past century. Much of this work was published in dozens of languages in journals that are not easily accessible to the scientific community. This review was conducted to provide a compilation of the most relevant historic research information and define the tremendous future potential of castor. The article was prepared by a group of 22 scientists from 16 institutions and eight countries. Topics discussed in this review include: (i) germplasm, genetics, breeding, biotic stresses, genome sequencing, and biotechnology; (ii) agronomic production practices, diseases, and abiotic stresses; (iii) management and reduction of toxins for the use of castor meal as both an animal feed and an organic fertilizer; (iv) future industrial uses of castor including renewable fuels; (v) world production, consumption, and prices; and (vi) potential and challenges for increased castor production. C1 [Severino, Liv S.; Milani, Maira; Soares, Dartanha J.; Sofiatti, Valdinei] Embrapa Algodao, BR-58428095 Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. [Auld, Dick L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Candido, Magno J. D.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dep Zootecnia, BR-60021970 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Baldanzi, Marco] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Chen, Grace; He, Xiaohua] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Crosby, William] Univ Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Tan, D.] Zibo Acad Agr Sci, Zibo, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Lakshmamma, P.; Lavanya, C.] Directorate Oilseed Res, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Machado, Olga L. T.] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, BR-28013600 Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil. [Mielke, Thomas] Oil World, Hamburg, Germany. [Miller, Travis D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Morris, J. B.; Wang, Ming L.] ARS, USDA, PGRCU, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Morse, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zanotto, Mauricio D.] Univ Estadual Paulista, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Navas, Alejandro A.] Corpo La Selva, Rio Negro, Antioquia, Colombia. [Zieler, Helge] Synthet Genom Inc, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Severino, LS (reprint author), Embrapa Algodao, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 1143, BR-58428095 Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. EM liv@cnpa.embrapa.br RI Milani, Maira/F-9244-2012; Severino, Liv/A-4431-2013; Machado, Olga/G-7461-2012; Candido, Magno /E-2995-2013; Soares, Dartanha/E-3382-2014 OI Severino, Liv/0000-0001-6956-7345; Soares, Dartanha/0000-0002-9415-9316 FU Evogene Ltd.; ACME-HARDESTY Oleochemicals FX To Evogene Ltd. and ACME-HARDESTY Oleochemicals for the support for this publication. To the University Writing Center of Texas Tech University for the English revision. NR 416 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 10 U2 81 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 104 IS 4 BP 853 EP 880 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0210 PG 28 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 968DS UT WOS:000305957800002 ER PT J AU Youngpairoj, AS Alemnji, GA Eno, LT Lyonga, EJ Eloundou, MA Shanmugam, V Mpoudi, EN Folks, TM Kalish, ML Pieniazek, D Fonjungo, PN AF Youngpairoj, Ae S. Alemnji, George A. Eno, Laura T. Lyonga, Esther J. Eloundou, Mbia A. Shanmugam, Vedapuri Mpoudi, Eitel N. Folks, Thomas M. Kalish, Marcia L. Pieniazek, Danuta Fonjungo, Peter N. TI Prevalence of Drug Resistance-Related Polymorphisms in Treatment-Naive Individuals Infected with Nonsubtype B HIV Type 1 in Cameroon SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE MUTATIONS; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; SUBTYPE-B; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CONNECTION DOMAIN; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PATTERNS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Mutations associated with the use of protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors have been mostly mapped for HIV-1 subtype B. The prevalence of these mutations in drug-naive HIV-1 subtype B-infected individuals is low but occurs at high frequencies in treated individuals. To determine the prevalence of treatment-associated mutations in non-B viruses, we analyzed a 1613-bp pol region of specimens collected from 57 HIV-1-infected treatment-naive individuals from Cameroon. Of the 57 HIV-1 sequences, 43 belonged to CRF02-AG, two to CRF11-cpx, six to subtype A, one to subtype D, and five were unclassifiable. Of the 57 PR sequences, 100% contained at least one codon change giving substitutions at positions 10, 11, 16, 20, 33, 36, 60, 62, 64, 69, 77, and 89. These substitutions gave the following prevalence pattern, 36I/L (100%, 57/57) > 89M/I (98%, 56/57) >69K/R (93%, 53/57) >20I/R (89%, 51/57) >16E (16%, 9/57) >64M (12%, 7/57) >10I (11%, 6/57) > 11V (5%, 3/57) = 62V (5%, 3/57) = 77I (5%, 3/57) > 233F/V (4%, 2/57) = 60E (4%), which differed significantly from subtype B at positions 20, 36, 69, and 89. All but one (98%) of the 57 RT sequences (438 amino acid residues) carried substitutions located at codons 39A (7%), 43E (7%), 122E (7%), 312Q (2%), 333E (2%), 335C/D (89%), 356K (89%), 358K (14%), 365I (2%), 371V (81%), 376S (11%), or 399D (4%); the frequency of these substitutions ranged from <0.5% to 4% in RT of subtype B. The high prevalence of minor mutations associated with protease inhibitors (PI) and reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) represents natural polymorphisms. HIV-1 PR and RT sequences from antiretroviral (ARV)-naive HIV-infected persons in Cameroon are important for monitoring the development of resistance to PIs and RTIs as such mutations could lead to treatment failures in individuals undergoing ARV therapy. C1 [Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Shanmugam, Vedapuri; Folks, Thomas M.; Kalish, Marcia L.; Pieniazek, Danuta; Fonjungo, Peter N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alemnji, George A.; Eno, Laura T.; Lyonga, Esther J.; Eloundou, Mbia A.; Mpoudi, Eitel N.] Project IRECAM Invest Retroviruses Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon. RP Fonjungo, PN (reprint author), CDC Ethiopia, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Global AIDS Program, POB 1014,Entoto Rd, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM pfonjungo@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 28 IS 7 BP 675 EP 684 DI 10.1089/aid.2011.0181 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 966BF UT WOS:000305810900007 PM 21923557 ER PT J AU Uddin, SG Marsteller, JA Sexton, JB Will, SE Fox, HE AF Uddin, Sayeedha G. Marsteller, Jill A. Sexton, J. Bryan Will, Susan E. Fox, Harold E. TI Provider Attitudes Toward Clinical Protocols in Obstetrics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL QUALITY LA English DT Article DE obstetrics; provider attitudes; oxytocin; clinical protocols ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; CRITICAL PATHWAY; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; MANAGEMENT; LABOR; OXYTOCIN; IMPROVEMENT; OUTCOMES; IMPACT AB The Johns Hopkins Oxytocin Protocol (JHOP) Survey was distributed to clinical labor and delivery staff to compare obstetrical providers' attitudes toward clinical protocols and the JHOP. Agreement by registered nurses (RNs), physicians in training (PIT), and attending physicians (APs) and certified nurse midwives (CNMs) was assessed with each of 4 attitudinal statements regarding whether clinical protocol and JHOP use result in better practice and are important to ensure patient safety. Odds of agreement with positive statements regarding clinical protocols did not differ significantly among groups. Odds of agreement with JHOP use resulting in better practice also did not differ significantly among provider groups. Odds of agreement with the JHOP being important to ensure patient safety were lower for the AP/CNM group compared with the RN group. Clinical protocol use is generally well received by obstetrical providers; however, differences exist in provider attitudes toward the use of an institutional oxytocin protocol. C1 [Uddin, Sayeedha G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Marsteller, Jill A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sexton, J. Bryan] Duke Univ Hlth Syst, Patient Safety Training & Res Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Will, Susan E.; Fox, Harold E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Uddin, SG (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 3231, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM suddin@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1062-8606 J9 AM J MED QUAL JI Am. J. Med. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 27 IS 4 BP 335 EP 340 DI 10.1177/1062860611422757 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 966KD UT WOS:000305835600010 PM 22275236 ER PT J AU Zheteyeva, YA Moro, PL Tepper, NK Rasmussen, SA Barash, FE Revzina, NV Kissin, D Lewis, PW Yue, X Haber, P Tokars, JI Vellozzi, C Broder, KR AF Zheteyeva, Yenlik A. Moro, Pedro L. Tepper, Naomi K. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Barash, Faith E. Revzina, Natalia V. Kissin, Dmitry Lewis, Paige W. Yue, Xin Haber, Penina Tokars, Jerome I. Vellozzi, Claudia Broder, Karen R. TI Adverse event reports after tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines in pregnant women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acellular pertussis vaccine; adverse events; epidemiology; pregnancy; reduced diphtheria toxoid; surveillance; tetanus toxoid; vaccine safety ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; INFLUENZA VACCINE; FEBRILE SEIZURES; SAFETY; RECOMMENDATIONS; SYSTEM; SIGNAL; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) of pregnant women who received tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap). STUDY DESIGN: We searched VAERS for reports of pregnant women who received Tdap from Jan. 1, 2005, through June 30, 2010. We conducted a clinical review of reports and available medical records. RESULTS: We identified 132 reports of Tdap administered to pregnant women; 55 (42%) described no adverse event (AE). No maternal or infant deaths were reported. The most frequent pregnancy-specific AE was spontaneous abortion in 22 (16.7%) reports. Injection site reactions were the most frequent non-pregnancy-specific AE found in 6 (4.5%) reports. One report with a major congenital anomaly (gastroschisis) was identified. CONCLUSION: During a time when Tdap was not routinely recommended in pregnancy, review of reports to VAERS in pregnant women after Tdap did not identify any concerning patterns in maternal, infant, or fetal outcomes. C1 [Zheteyeva, Yenlik A.; Moro, Pedro L.; Lewis, Paige W.; Yue, Xin; Haber, Penina; Tokars, Jerome I.; Vellozzi, Claudia; Broder, Karen R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zheteyeva, Yenlik A.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tepper, Naomi K.; Kissin, Dmitry] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Revzina, Natalia V.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barash, Faith E.] US FDA, Off Biostat, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Barash, Faith E.] US FDA, Off Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 207 IS 1 AR 59.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.05.006 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 965GJ UT WOS:000305755000023 PM 22727350 ER PT J AU Wu, XC Watson, M Wilson, R Saraiya, M Cleveland, JL Markowitz, L AF Wu, Xiaocheng Watson, Meg Wilson, Reda Saraiya, Mona Cleveland, Jennifer L. Markowitz, Lauri TI Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers - United States, 2004-2008 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID WOMEN C1 [Watson, Meg; Wilson, Reda; Saraiya, Mona] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wu, Xiaocheng] Louisiana Tumor Registry, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Cleveland, Jennifer L.] CDC, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Watson, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eze5@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1945 EP 1949 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04188.x PG 5 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 965TE UT WOS:000305789400035 ER PT J AU Casagrande, SS Burrows, NR Geiss, LS Bainbridge, KE Fradkin, JE Cowie, CC AF Casagrande, Sarah Stark Burrows, Nilka Rios Geiss, Linda S. Bainbridge, Kathleen E. Fradkin, Judith E. Cowie, Catherine C. TI Diabetes Knowledge and Its Relationship With Achieving Treatment Recommendations in a National Sample of People With Type 2 Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID GLYCEMIC CONTROL; SELF-MANAGEMENT; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; EDUCATION; TARGETS; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE-We examined the prevalence of knowledge of A1C, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol (ABC) levels and goals among people with diabetes, its variation by patient characteristics, and whether knowledge was associated with achieving levels of ABC control recommended for the general diabetic population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Data came from 1,233 adults who self-reported diabetes in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants reported their last ABC level and goals specified by their physician (not validated by medical record data). Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. RESULTS-Among participants tested in the past year, 48% stated their last A1C level. Overall, 63% stated their last blood pressure level and 22% stated their last LDL cholesterol level. Knowledge of ABC levels was greatest in non-Hispanic whites, lowest in Mexican Americans, and higher with more education and income (all P <= 0.02). Demographic associations were similar for those reporting physician-specified ABC goals at the American Diabetes Association recommended levels (A1C <7%, blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, and LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dL). Nineteen percent of participants stated that their provider did not specify an A1C goal compared with 47% and 41% for blood pressure and LDL cholesterol goals, respectively. For people who self-reported A1C <7.0%, 83% had an actual A1C <7.0%. Otherwise, participant knowledge was not significantly associated with risk factor control, except for in those who knew their last LDL cholesterol level (P = 0.046 for A1C <7.0%). Results from logistic regression corroborated these findings. CONCLUSIONS-Ample opportunity exists to improve ABC knowledge. Diabetes education should include behavior change components in addition to information on ABC clinical measures. Diabetes Care 35:1556-1565,2012 C1 [Casagrande, Sarah Stark] Social & Sci Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Geiss, Linda S.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bainbridge, Kathleen E.] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Div Sci Programs, Bethesda, MD USA. [Fradkin, Judith E.; Cowie, Catherine C.] NIDDK, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Casagrande, SS (reprint author), Social & Sci Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM scasagrande@s-3.com FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [HHSN267200700001G] FX This work was financially supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (HHSN267200700001G). NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2012 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1556 EP 1565 DI 10.2337/dc11-1943 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 962MJ UT WOS:000305548900027 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP Bullard, KM Gregg, EW Beckles, GL Williams, DE Barker, LE Albright, AL Imperatore, G AF Zhang, Xuanping Bullard, Ku Mckeever Gregg, Edward W. Beckles, Gloria L. Williams, Desmond E. Barker, Lawrence E. Albright, Ann L. Imperatore, Giuseppina TI Access to Health Care and Control of ABCs of Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID INSURANCE-COVERAGE; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; MARITAL-STATUS; ADULTS; OUTCOMES; INCOME AB OBJECTIVE-To examine the relationship between access to health care and diabetes control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2008, we identified 1,221 U.S. adults (age 18-64 years) with self-reported diabetes. Access was measured by current health insurance coverage, number of times health care was received over the past year, and routine place to go for health care. Diabetes control measures included the proportion of people with A1C >9%, blood pressure >= 140/90 mmHg, and non-HDL cholesterol >= 130 mg/dL. RESULTS-An estimated 16.0% of known diabetic adults were uninsured. Diabetes control profiles were worse among uninsured than among insured persons (A1C >9% [34.1 vs. 16.5%, P = 0.0021, blood pressure >= 140190 mmHg [31.8 vs. 22.8%, P<0.05], and non-HDL cholesterol >= 130 mg/dL [67.1 vs. 65.4%, P = 0.71). Compared with insured persons, uninsured persons were more likely to have A1C >9% (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio 2.4 [95% Cl 1.2-4.7]). Compared with those who reported four or more health care visits in the past year, those who reported no health care Visits were more likely to have A1C >9% (5.5 [1.2-26.31) and blood pressure >= 140/90 mmHg (1.9 [1.1-3.4]). CONCLUSIONS-In people with diabetes, lack of health care coverage is associated with poor glycemic control. In addition, low use of health care service is associated with poor glucose and blood pressure control. Diabetes Care 35:1566-1571,2012 C1 [Zhang, Xuanping; Bullard, Ku Mckeever; Gregg, Edward W.; Beckles, Gloria L.; Williams, Desmond E.; Barker, Lawrence E.; Albright, Ann L.; Imperatore, Giuseppina] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zhang, XP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xbz2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2012 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1566 EP 1571 DI 10.2337/dc12-0081 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 962MJ UT WOS:000305548900028 PM 22522664 ER PT J AU Kohl, KS Arthur, RR O'Connor, R Fernandez, J AF Kohl, Katrin S. Arthur, Ray R. O'Connor, Ralph Fernandez, Jose TI Assessment of Public Health Events through International Health Regulations, United States, 2007-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Under the current International Health Regulations, 194 states parties are obligated to report potential public health emergencies of international concern to the World Health Organization (WHO) within 72 hours of becoming aware of an event. During July 2007 December 2011, WHO assessed and posted on a secure web portal 222 events from 105 states parties, including 24 events from the United States. Twelve US events involved human influenza caused by a new virus subtype, including the first report of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, which constitutes the only public health emergency of international concern determined by the WHO director-general to date. Additional US events involved 5 Salmonella spp. outbreaks, botulism, Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections, Guillain-Barre syndrome, contaminated heparin, Lassa fever, an oil spill, and typhoid fever. Rapid information exchange among WHO and member states facilitated by the International Health Regulations leads to better situation awareness of emerging threats and enables a more coordinated and transparent global response. C1 [Kohl, Katrin S.; Arthur, Ray R.; O'Connor, Ralph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fernandez, Jose] Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Kohl, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kkohl@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1047 EP 1053 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120231 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600002 PM 22709566 ER PT J AU Ijaz, K Kasowski, E Arthur, RR Angulo, FJ Dowell, SF AF Ijaz, Kashef Kasowski, Eric Arthur, Ray R. Angulo, Frederick J. Dowell, Scott F. TI International Health Regulations-What Gets Measured Gets Done SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome highlighted the need to detect and control disease outbreaks at their source, as envisioned by the 2005 revised International Health Regulations (IHR). June 2012 marked the initial deadline by which all 194 World Health Organization (WHO) member states agreed to have IHR core capacities fully implemented for limiting the spread of public health emergencies of international concern. Many countries fell short of these implementation goals and requested a 2-year extension. The degree to which achieving IHR compliance will result in global health security is not clear, but what is clear is that progress against the threat of epidemic disease requires a focused approach that can be monitored and measured efficiently. We developed concrete goals and metrics for 4 of the 8 core capacities with other US government partners in consultation with WHO and national collaborators worldwide. The intent is to offer an example of an approach to implementing and monitoring IHR for consideration or adaptation by countries that complements other frameworks and goals of IHR. Without concrete metrics, IHR may waste its considerable promise as an instrument for global health security against public health emergencies. C1 [Ijaz, Kashef] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. WHO, Collaborating Ctr Int Hlth Regulat Implementat Na, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ijaz, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop D68,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kijaz@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1054 EP 1057 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120487 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600003 PM 22709593 ER PT J AU Ostrowsky, B Huang, A Terry, W Anton, D Brunagel, B Traynor, L Abid, S Johnson, G Kacica, M Katz, J Edwards, L Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Uyeki, TM AF Ostrowsky, Belinda Huang, Ada Terry, William Anton, Diane Brunagel, Barbara Traynor, Lorraine Abid, Syed Johnson, Geraldine Kacica, Marilyn Katz, Jacqueline Edwards, Lindsay Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H7N2) Virus Infection in Immunocompromised Adult, New York, USA, 2003 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIVE-BIRD MARKETS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HUMAN ILLNESS; HUMANS; MICE; H5 AB In 2003, infection with low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) virus was identified in an immunocompromised man with fever and community-acquired pneumonia in New York, USA. The patient recovered. Although the source of the virus was not identified, this case indicates the usefulness of virus culture for detecting novel influenza A viruses. C1 [Ostrowsky, Belinda; Huang, Ada; Terry, William] Westchester Cty Dept Hlth, New Rochelle, NY USA. [Anton, Diane; Brunagel, Barbara; Traynor, Lorraine; Abid, Syed] Westchester Cty Dept Labs & Res, Valhalla, NY USA. [Johnson, Geraldine; Kacica, Marilyn] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Katz, Jacqueline; Edwards, Lindsay; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ostrowsky, B (reprint author), Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, 111 E 210 St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM bostrows@montefiore.org NR 15 TC 43 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1128 EP 1131 DI 10.3201/eid1807.111913 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600014 PM 22710273 ER PT J AU Schotthoefer, AM Eisen, RJ Kugeler, KJ Ettestad, P Reynolds, PJ Brown, T Enscore, RE Cheek, J Bueno, R Targhetta, J Montenieri, JA Gage, KL AF Schotthoefer, Anna M. Eisen, Rebecca J. Kugeler, Kiersten J. Ettestad, Paul Reynolds, Pamela J. Brown, Ted Enscore, Russell E. Cheek, James Bueno, Rudy, Jr. Targhetta, Joseph Montenieri, John A. Gage, Kenneth L. TI Changing Socioeconomic Indicators of Human Plague, New Mexico, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Socioeconomic indicators associated with temporal changes in the distribution of human plague cases in New Mexico were investigated for 1976-2007. In the 1980s, cases were more likely in census block groups with poor housing conditions, but by the 2000s, cases were associated with affluent areas concentrated in the Santa Fe-Albuquerque region. C1 [Schotthoefer, Anna M.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Kugeler, Kiersten J.; Enscore, Russell E.; Montenieri, John A.; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Ettestad, Paul; Reynolds, Pamela J.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Brown, Ted] New Mexico Environm Dept, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Cheek, James] Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Bueno, Rudy, Jr.] Harris Cty Publ Hlth & Environm Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Targhetta, Joseph] City Albuquerque Div Environm Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Schotthoefer, AM (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, 1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM schotthoefer.anna@mcrf.mfldclin.edu NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1151 EP 1154 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120121 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600020 PM 22709463 ER PT J AU Meissner, EG Bennett, JE Qvarnstrom, Y da Silva, A Chu, EY Tsokos, M Gea-Banacloche, J AF Meissner, Eric G. Bennett, John E. Qvarnstrom, Yvonne da Silva, Alexandre Chu, Emily Y. Tsokos, Maria Gea-Banacloche, Juan TI Disseminated Microsporidiosis in an Immunosuppressed Patient SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NODULAR CUTANEOUS MICROSPORIDIOSIS; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; AIDS AB We report a case of disseminated microsporidiosis in a patient with multiple myeloma who had received an allogeneic stem cell transplant requiring substantial immunosuppression. The causative organism was identified as Tubulinosema acridophagus, confirming this genus of microsporidia as a novel human pathogen. C1 [Meissner, Eric G.; Bennett, John E.; Chu, Emily Y.; Tsokos, Maria; Gea-Banacloche, Juan] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; da Silva, Alexandre] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Meissner, EG (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Room 11N204, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM eric.meissner@nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Cancer Institute) FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Cancer Institute). NR 8 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1155 EP 1158 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120047 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600021 PM 22709509 ER PT J AU Winston, CA Mitruka, K AF Winston, Carla A. Mitruka, Kiren TI Treatment Duration for Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID ISONIAZID-MONORESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS C1 [Winston, Carla A.; Mitruka, Kiren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winston, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E91, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwinston@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1201 EP 1202 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120261 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600033 PM 22709909 ER PT J AU Lankau, EW Montgomery, JM Tack, DM Obonyo, M Kadivane, S Blanton, JD Arvelo, W Jentes, ES Cohen, NJ Brunette, GW Marano, N Rupprecht, CE AF Lankau, Emily W. Montgomery, Joel M. Tack, Danielle M. Obonyo, Mark Kadivane, Samuel Blanton, Jesse D. Arvelo, Wences Jentes, Emily S. Cohen, Nicole J. Brunette, Gary W. Marano, Nina Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Exposure of US Travelers to Rabid Zebra, Kenya, 2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Lankau, Emily W.; Tack, Danielle M.; Blanton, Jesse D.; Jentes, Emily S.; Cohen, Nicole J.; Brunette, Gary W.; Marano, Nina; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Montgomery, Joel M.; Arvelo, Wences] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Obonyo, Mark; Kadivane, Samuel] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Lankau, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C01, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vij3@cdc.gov RI Lankau, Emily/C-8057-2011 OI Lankau, Emily/0000-0002-7094-7780 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1202 EP 1204 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120081 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600034 PM 22709948 ER PT J AU Date, K Hyde, T Mintz, E Vicari, A Danovaro-Holliday, MC Ruiz-Matus, C Henry, A Andrus, J Dietz, V AF Date, Kashmira Hyde, Terri Mintz, Eric Vicari, Andrea Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina Ruiz-Matus, Cuauhtemoc Henry, Ariel Andrus, Jon Dietz, Vance TI Considerations for Oral Cholera Vaccine Use during Outbreak after Earthquake in Haiti, 2010-2011 Response SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Date, Kashmira; Hyde, Terri; Mintz, Eric; Dietz, Vance] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vicari, Andrea; Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Ruiz-Matus, Cuauhtemoc; Andrus, Jon] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Henry, Ariel] Haitian Minist Populat & Publ Hlth, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Date, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kdate@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1213 EP 1214 DI 10.3201/eid1807.120408 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600040 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Health Threats of All Stripes SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmpl@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1218 EP 1219 DI 10.3201/eid1807.AC1807 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 969CZ UT WOS:000306034600041 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, S Williams, PL Missmer, SA Flaws, JA Berry, KF Calafat, AM Ye, XY Petrozza, JC Wright, D Hauser, R AF Ehrlich, Shelley Williams, Paige L. Missmer, Stacey A. Flaws, Jodi A. Berry, Katharine F. Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Petrozza, John C. Wright, Diane Hauser, Russ TI Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations and Implantation Failure among Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bisphenol A; embryo implantation; fertility; human; reproduction; women ID INTRAUTERINE IMPLANTATION; PREIMPLANTATION EXPOSURE; UTERINE RECEPTIVITY; EARLY-PREGNANCY; ESTROGEN; VARIABILITY; RECEPTOR; MOUSE; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; PREDICTORS AB BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins found in numerous consumer products. In experimental animals, BPA increases embryo implantation failure and reduces litter size. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association of urinary BPA concentrations with implantation failure among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS: We used online solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry to measure urinary BPA concentrations in 137 women in a prospective cohort study among women undergoing IVF at the Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center in Boston, Massachusetts. We used logistic regression to evaluate the association of cycle-specific urinary BPA concentrations with implantation failure, accounting for correlation among multiple IVF cycles in the same woman using generalized estimating equations. Implantation failure was defined as a negative serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin test (beta-hCG < 6 IU/L) 17 days after egg retrieval. RESULTS: Among 137 women undergoing 180 IVF cycles, urinary BPA concentrations had a geometric mean (SD) of 1.53 (2.22) mu g/L. Overall, 42% (n = 75) of the IVF cycles resulted in implantation failure. In adjusted models, there was an increased odds of implantation failure with higher quartiles of urinary BPA concentrations {odds ratio (OR) 1.02 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35, 2.95}, 1.60 (95% CI: 0.70, 3.78), and 2.11 (95% CI: 0.84, 5.31) for quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively, compared with the lowest quartile (p-trend = 0.06). CONCLUSION: There was a positive linear dose response association between BPA urinary concentrations and implantation failure. C1 [Ehrlich, Shelley; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.; Berry, Katharine F.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.; Berry, Katharine F.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Missmer, Stacey A.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Flaws, Jodi A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Petrozza, John C.; Wright, Diane; Hauser, Russ] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Vincent Mem Obstet & Gynecol Serv, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Hauser, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 1,14th Floor, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rhauser@hsph.harvard.edu RI Ehrlich , Shelley/L-6991-2015 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES009718, ES000002]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [OH008578] FX This work was supported by grants ES009718 and ES000002 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and OH008578 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 46 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104307 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300022 PM 22484414 ER PT J AU Helen, G Bernert, JT Hall, DB Sosnoff, CS Xia, Y Balmes, JR Vena, JE Wang, JS Holland, NT Naeher, LP AF St Helen, Gideon Bernert, J. Thomas Hall, Daniel B. Sosnoff, Connie S. Xia, Yang Balmes, John R. Vena, John E. Wang, Jia-Sheng Holland, Nina T. Naeher, Luke P. TI Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Outside of a Bar and a Restaurant and Tobacco Exposure Biomarkers in Nonsmokers SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE NNAL; outdoor secondhand smoke; salivary cotinine; smoking bans; tobacco nitrosamines ID LUNG CARCINOGEN 4-(METHYLNITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; SALIVARY COTININE; PASSIVE SMOKING; URINE COTININE; AIR; NITROSAMINES; METABOLITES; GEORGIA; ATHENS AB BACKGROUND: With an increase in indoor smoking bans, many smokers smoke outside establishments and near their entrances, which has become a public health concern. OBJECTIVES: We characterized the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke (SHS) outside a restaurant and bar in Athens, Georgia, where indoor smoking is banned, using salivary cotinine and urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL). METHODS: In a crossover study, we assigned 28 participants to outdoor patios of a restaurant and a bar and an open-air site with no smokers on three weekend days; participants visited each site once and stayed for 3 hr. We collected saliva and urine samples immediately before and after the visits (post-exposure) and on the following morning and analyzed samples for cotinine and total NNAL, respectively. Regression models were fitted and changes in biomarkers were contrasted between locations. RESULTS: Postexposure and preexposure geometric mean salivary cotinine concentrations differed by 0.115 ng/mL [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.105, 0.126)] and by 0.030 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.028, 0.031) for bar and restaurant visits, respectively. There were no significant post- and preexposure differences in cotinine levels after control site visits, and changes after bar and restaurant site visits were significantly different from changes after control site visits (p < 0.001). Results comparing next-day and preexposure salivary cotinine levels were similar. Next-day creatinine-corrected urinary NNAL concentrations also were higher than preexposure levels following bar and restaurant visits [1.858 pg/mg creatinine higher (95% CI: 0.897, 3.758) and 0.615 pg/mg creatinine higher (95% CI: 0.210, 1.761), respectively], and were significantly different from changes after the control visits (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Salivary cotinine and urinary NNAL increased significantly in nonsmokers after outdoor SHS exposure. Our findings indicate that such exposures may increase risks of health effects associated with tobacco carcinogens. C1 [St Helen, Gideon; Wang, Jia-Sheng; Naeher, Luke P.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bernert, J. Thomas; Sosnoff, Connie S.; Xia, Yang] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Daniel B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Balmes, John R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Vena, John E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Holland, Nina T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Naeher, LP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 206 Environm Hlth Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM LNaeher@uga.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1R21ES017845-01A1]; Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI) FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant 1R21ES017845-01A1).; J.R.B. was funded in part through a grant from the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI) that awards competitive grants through requests for proposals, which can be initiated by the board of trustees of FAMRI. Once funded, FAMRI has no role in the design, conduct, interpretation, or publication of the research. The organization does not gain or lose financially through publication of any article. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP 1010 EP 1016 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104413 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300027 ER PT J AU Stapleton, HM Eagle, S Sjodin, A Webster, TF AF Stapleton, Heather M. Eagle, Sarah Sjoedin, Andreas Webster, Thomas F. TI Serum PBDEs in a North Carolina Toddler Cohort: Associations with Handwipes, House Dust, and Socioeconomic Variables SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE children; exposure; handwipes; house dust; PBDEs ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HORMONE DISRUPTION; NEONATAL EXPOSURE; THYROID-HORMONE; ENVIRONMENT; BEHAVIOR; POPULATION AB BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent, bioaccumulative, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. OBJECTIVES: We used handwipes to estimate exposure to PBDEs in house dust among toddlers and examined sex, age, breast-feeding, race, and parents' education as predictors of serum PBDEs. METHODS: Eighty-three children from 12 to 36 months of age were enrolled in North Carolina between May 2009 and November 2010. Blood, handwipe, and house dust samples were collected and analyzed for PBDEs. A questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data. RESULTS: PBDEs were detected in all serum samples (geometric mean for Sigma pentaBDE in serum was 43.3 ng/g lipid), 98% of the handwipe samples, and 100% of the dust samples. Serum Sigma pentaBDEs were significantly correlated with both handwipe and house dust Sigma pentaBDE levels, but were more strongly associated with handwipe levels (r = 0.57; p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.35; p < 0.01). Multivariate model estimates revealed that handwipe levels, child's sex, child's age, and father's education accounted for 39% of the variation in serum Sigma BDE3 levels (sum of BDEs 47, 99, and 100). In contrast, age, handwipe levels, and breast-feeding duration explained 39% of the variation in serum BDE 153. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that hand-to-mouth activity may be a significant source of exposure to PBDEs. Furthermore, age, socioeconomic status, and breast-feeding were significant predictors of exposure, but associations varied by congener. Specifically, serum Sigma BDE3 was inversely associated with socioeconomic status, whereas serum BDE-153 was positively associated with duration of breast-feeding and mother's education. C1 [Stapleton, Heather M.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, LSRC, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Webster, Thomas F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Stapleton, HM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, LSRC, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM heather.stapleton@duke.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES016099]; [R01 ES015829] FX This study was supported by a research grant to H.M.S. from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, R01 ES016099. T.F.W. is supported in part by R01 ES015829. NR 45 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 9 U2 89 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP 1049 EP 1054 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104802 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300033 PM 22763040 ER PT J AU Rauch, SA Braun, JM Barr, DB Calafat, AM Khoury, J Montesano, MA Yolton, K Lanphear, BP AF Rauch, Stephen A. Braun, Joe M. Barr, Dana Boyd Calafat, Antonia M. Khoury, Jane Montesano, M. Angela Yolton, Kimberly Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticide Metabolites with Gestational Age and Birth Weight SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE birth weight; DAPs; fetal growth; gestational age; OPs; organophosphate; paraoxanase; pesticide; PON; prenatal; toxicity ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SERUM COTININE; PARAOXONASE 1; CHILDHOOD; CHILDREN; PON1; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHLORPYRIFOS; PERFORMANCE AB BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) insecticides, a widely used class of pesticides, may be associated with decreased gestational age and lower birth weight. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in paroxanase (PON1) enzyme genotypes may modify the relationships between OP exposure and perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship of prenatal OP insecticide exposure, measured using urinary dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolite concentrations, With gestational age and birth weight. METHODS: We measured the concentrations of six nonspecific DAP metabolites of OP insecticides in two maternal spot urine samples collected in a prospective birth cohort. We performed multi-variable regression to examine associations between the sum of six DAP concentrations (Sigma DAP) with gestational age and birth weight. We also examined whether these associations differed according to infant PON1(192) and PON1(-108) genotypes. RESULTS: Among 306 mother-infant dyads, a 10-fold increase in Sigma DAP concentrations was associated with a decrease in covariate-adjusted gestational age [-0.5 weeks; 95% confidence interval (Cl): -0.8, 0.1] and birth weight (-151 gt CI: -287, -16); the decrements in birth weight were attenuated after adjusting for gestational age. The relationship between Sigma DAP concentrations and gestational age was stronger for white (-0.7 weeks; CI: -1.1, -0.3) than for black (-0.1 weeks; 95% CI: -0.9, 0.6) newborns. In contrast, there was a greater decrease in birth weight with increasing urinary Sigma DAP concentrations for black (-188 g; CI: -395, 19) than for white (-118 g; CI: -296, 60) newborns. Decrements in birth weight and gestational age associated with Sigma DAP concentrations were greatest among infants with PON1(192QR) and PON-108CT genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal urinary Sigma DAP concentrations were associated with shortened gestation and reduced birth weight in this cohort, but the effects differed by race/ethnicity and PON1(192/108) genotypes. C1 [Rauch, Stephen A.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Braun, Joe M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Montesano, M. Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Jane; Yolton, Kimberly; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Lanphear, BP (reprint author), 3415 Ash St, Vancouver, BC V5Z 3E5, Canada. EM blanphear@sfu.ca RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014; Khoury, Jane/O-2068-2015 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES015517, P01 ES11261, T32 ES007069] FX This work was partially supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01 ES015517, P01 ES11261, T32 ES007069). NR 41 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 37 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP 1055 EP 1060 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104615 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300034 PM 22476135 ER PT J AU Sand, S Portier, CJ Krewski, D AF Sand, Salomon Portier, Christopher J. Krewski, Daniel TI Signal-To-Noise Crossover Dose: Sand et al. Respond SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Letter C1 [Sand, Salomon] Natl Food Adm Toxicol Lab, Risk Benefit Assessment Dept, Uppsala, Sweden. [Portier, Christopher J.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Krewski, Daniel] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Sand, S (reprint author), Natl Food Adm Toxicol Lab, Risk Benefit Assessment Dept, Uppsala, Sweden. EM salomon.sand@slv.se RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010 OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP A264 EP A265 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205212R PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300005 ER PT J AU Dunn, AL Austin, H Soucie, JM AF Dunn, A. L. Austin, H. Soucie, J. Michael CA Haemophilia Surveillance Syst Inve TI Prevalence of malignancies among U.S. male patients with haemophilia: a review of the Haemophilia Surveillance System SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE cancer; haemophilia; leukemia; malignancy; prevalence; surveillance ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; RADIOACTIVE SYNOVIORTHESIS; RADIATION-EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; CANCER-RISKS; DEATH; MORTALITY; THROMBIN; HIV; PROLIFERATION AB . The prevalence of malignancies in US male patients with haemophilia, with or without concomitant viral infections, remains unknown. To estimate the prevalence of malignancy in US male patients with haemophilia. We investigated the prevalence of malignancies among male patients with haemophilia using data from a six-state haemophilia surveillance project. Case patients with malignancies were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes abstracted from hospital records and death certificates during the surveillance period. Cancer prevalence rates were calculated for each year during the surveillance and compared with age- and race-specific prevalence rates among the U.S. male population obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. A total of 7 cases of leukaemia, 23 cases of lymphoma and 56 classifiable solid malignancies were identified among 3510 case patients during a total of 15 330 annual data abstraction collections. The rates of leukaemia, lymphoma and liver cancer among case patients were significantly higher than the rates among U.S. males as judged by prevalence ratios of 3.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47.0] and 2.9 (95% CI = 1.84.6), respectively. In contrast, the prevalence ratio of prostate cancer was lower than expected at 0.49 (95% CI = 0.310.77). Overall the prevalence of most cancers among case patients was similar to that of the U.S. male population. However, patients with haemophilia who have unexplained symptoms should be evaluated for malignancy. C1 [Dunn, A. L.] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Aflac Canc Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dunn, A. L.] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Blood Disorders Serv, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Austin, H.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dunn, AL (reprint author), 2015 Uppergate Dr,4th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM amy.dunn@choa.org NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 532 EP 539 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2011.02731.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 966FY UT WOS:000305824400019 PM 22226155 ER PT J AU Anschuetz, GL Asbel, L Spain, CV Salmon, M Lewis, F Newbern, EC Goldberg, M Johnson, CC AF Anschuetz, Greta L. Asbel, Lenore Spain, C. Victor Salmon, Melinda Lewis, Felicia Newbern, E. Claire Goldberg, Martin Johnson, Caroline C. TI Association Between Enhanced Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Reductions in Sequelae Among Women SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE STD screening; Chlamydia; Pelvic inflammatory disease ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TIME; PREVENTION; STRATEGIES; IMPACT; TRIAL AB Purpose: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) are typically asymptomatic, but, if untreated, can lead to sequelae including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and ectopic pregnancy. The objective was to describe trends of these sequelae in Philadelphia after implementing citywide screening in a high-morbidity population (>6% positivity). Methods: In this ecologic study, which used data from 1996 to 2007, multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the number of annual CT/GC screening tests by gender and the number of women aged 14-30 years hospitalized for PID or ectopic pregnancy. A standardized hospitalization database provided the number of admissions with a discharge diagnosis of PID or ectopic pregnancy. Positive CT/GC laboratory results reported by hospitals and emergency departments (EDs) were used as a proxy for outpatient PID. Results: Between 1996 and 2007, CT/GC screening increased by 188%, whereas declines were noted in hospitalized PID cases (36%, -173 cases), ectopic pregnancy (38%, -119 cases), and ED-diagnosed CT/GC cases (39%, -727 cases). Screening 10,000 females for CT/GC corresponded with 26.1 fewer hospitalized PID cases (95% confidence interval 11.2-41.1), whereas screening 10,000 males corresponded to 10.4 (95% CI: 2.6 - 18.2) fewer cases. Although male screening was not significantly associated with ectopic pregnancy, screening 10,000 females was associated with 28.6 fewer ectopic pregnancies (95% CI: 7.4-49.8). Conclusions: This ecologic analysis found a correlation between large-scale CT/GC screening in a high-morbidity population and reductions in hospitalized PID, ectopic pregnancies, and ED-diagnosed CT/GC. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Anschuetz, Greta L.; Asbel, Lenore; Spain, C. Victor; Salmon, Melinda; Lewis, Felicia; Newbern, E. Claire; Goldberg, Martin; Johnson, Caroline C.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Div Dis Control, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. [Salmon, Melinda; Lewis, Felicia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anschuetz, GL (reprint author), Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Div Dis Control, 500 S Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. EM Greta.Anschuetz@phila.gov FU Comprehensive STD Prevention Systems Projects FX Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council, its agents, and staff have made no representation, guarantee or warranty, expressed or implied, that the data-financial-, patient-, payer-, and physician-specific information-provided to this entity, are error-free, or that the use of the data will avoid differences of opinion or interpretation. Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council, its agents, and staff bear no responsibility or liability for the results of the analysis, which solely represent the work of Philadelphia Department of Public Health. Screening tests were supported by the Comprehensive STD Prevention Systems Projects grant. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 80 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.11.002 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 965YM UT WOS:000305803700013 PM 22727081 ER PT J AU Ayala, C Gillespie, C Cogswell, M Keenan, NL Merritt, R AF Ayala, Carma Gillespie, Cathleen Cogswell, Molly Keenan, Nora L. Merritt, Robert TI Sodium Consumption Among Hypertensive Adults Advised to Reduce Their Intake: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID SELF-REPORTED HYPERTENSION; HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; DIETARY PATTERNS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; US; PREVALENCE AB J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012; 14:447454. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The authors estimated the prevalence of taking action to reduce intake related to actual sodium consumption among 2970 nonpregnant US adults 18 years and older with self-reported hypertension by using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. Adjusted multiple linear regression assessed differences in mean sodium intake by action status. A total of 60.5% of hypertensive adults received advice to reduce sodium intake. Of this group, 83.7% took action to reduce sodium. Action to reduce sodium intake differed significantly by age, race/ethnicity, and use of an antihypertensive. The mean (+/- standard error) sodium intake among hypertensive adults was 3341 +/- 37 mg and differed by sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, and body mass index (P<.05), with the lowest intake among adults aged 65 years and older (2780 +/- 48 mg). Mean intake did not differ significantly by action status either overall or by subgroup except for one age category: among patients 65 years and older, mean intake was significantly lower among those who took action (2715 +/- 63 mg) than among those who did not (3401 +/- 206 mg; P=.0124). Regardless of action, mean intake was well above 1999-2004 recommendations for daily sodium intake and about twice as high as the current recommendation for hypertensive adults (1500 mg). C1 [Ayala, Carma; Gillespie, Cathleen; Cogswell, Molly; Keenan, Nora L.; Merritt, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30093 USA. RP Ayala, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30093 USA. EM cia1@cdc.gov OI Gillespie, Cathleen/0000-0003-1878-1055 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1524-6175 J9 J CLIN HYPERTENS JI J. Clin. Hypertens. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 7 BP 447 EP 454 DI 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00632.x PG 8 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 967GJ UT WOS:000305894400007 PM 22747617 ER PT J AU Pearce, MB Belser, JA Gustin, KM Pappas, C Houser, KV Sun, XJ Maines, TR Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Pearce, Melissa B. Belser, Jessica A. Gustin, Kortney M. Pappas, Claudia Houser, Katherine V. Sun, Xiangjie Maines, Taronna R. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Seasonal Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine Protects against 1918 Spanish Influenza Virus Infection in Ferrets SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID A/DUCK/SINGAPORE/97 H5N3 VACCINE; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SWINE-ORIGIN 2009; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; MF59-ADJUVANTED INFLUENZA; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; YOUNG-CHILDREN; IN-VITRO; A VIRUS; H1N1 AB The influenza virus H1N1 pandemic of 1918 was one of the worst medical catastrophes in human history. Recent studies have demonstrated that the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of the 1918 virus and 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus [A(H1N1)pdm09], the latter now a component of the seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV), share cross-reactive antigenic determinants. In this study, we demonstrate that immunization with the 2010-2011 seasonal TIV induces neutralizing antibodies that cross-react with the reconstructed 1918 pandemic virus in ferrets. TIV-immunized ferrets subsequently challenged with the 1918 virus displayed significant reductions in fever, weight loss, and virus shedding compared to these parameters in nonimmune control ferrets. Seasonal TIV was also effective in protecting against the lung infection and severe lung pathology associated with 1918 virus infection. Our data demonstrate that prior immunization with contemporary TIV provides cross-protection against the 1918 virus in ferrets. These findings suggest that exposure to A(H1N1)pdm09 through immunization may provide protection against the reconstructed 1918 virus which, as a select agent, is considered to pose both biosafety and biosecurity threats. C1 [Pearce, Melissa B.; Belser, Jessica A.; Gustin, Kortney M.; Pappas, Claudia; Houser, Katherine V.; Sun, Xiangjie; Maines, Taronna R.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Houser, Katherine V.] Emory Univ, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Grad Program Immunol & Mol Pathogenesis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 86 IS 13 BP 7118 EP 7125 DI 10.1128/.JVI.00674-12 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 961XA UT WOS:000305501600010 PM 22553323 ER PT J AU Josset, L Belser, JA Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Chang, JH Chang, ST Belisle, SE Tumpey, TM Katze, MG AF Josset, Laurence Belser, Jessica A. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Chang, Jean H. Chang, Stewart T. Belisle, Sarah E. Tumpey, Terrence M. Katze, Michael G. TI Implication of Inflammatory Macrophages, Nuclear Receptors, and Interferon Regulatory Factors in Increased Virulence of Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Influenza A Virus after Host Adaptation SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL-INFECTIONS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; TNF-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; MICE; METABOLISM; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; MECHANISMS AB While pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A viruses were responsible for numerous severe infections in humans, these viruses do not typically cause corresponding severe disease in mammalian models. However, the generation of a virulent 2009 H1N1 virus following serial lung passage in mice has allowed for the modeling of human lung pathology in this species. Genetic determinants of mouse-adapted 2009 H1N1 viral pathogenicity have been identified, but the molecular and signaling characteristics of the host response following infection with this adapted virus have not been described. Here we compared the gene expression response following infection of mice with A/CA/04/2009 (CA/04) or the virulent mouse-adapted strain (MA-CA/04). Microarray analysis revealed that increased pathogenicity of MA-CA/04 was associated with the following: (i) an early and sustained inflammatory and interferon response that could be driven in part by interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) and increased NF-kappa B activation, as well as inhibition of the negative regulator TRIM24, (ii) early and persistent infiltration of immune cells, including inflammatory macrophages, and (iii) the absence of activation of lipid metabolism later in infection, which may be mediated by inhibition of nuclear receptors, including PPARG and HNF1A and -4A, with proinflammatory consequences. Further investigation of these signatures in the host response to other H1N1 viruses of various pathogenicities confirmed their general relevance for virulence of influenza virus and suggested that lung response to MA-CA/04 virus was similar to that following infection with lethal H1n1 r1918 influenza virus. This study links differential activation of IRFs, nuclear receptors, and macrophage infiltration with influenza virulence in vivo. C1 [Josset, Laurence; Chang, Jean H.; Chang, Stewart T.; Belisle, Sarah E.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Belser, Jessica A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Katze, MG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM honey@u.washington.edu RI Josset, Laurence/A-7960-2015 OI Josset, Laurence/0000-0002-7158-1186 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200800060C] FX This project was funded in part by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract HHSN272200800060C (to M.G.K.). NR 57 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 86 IS 13 BP 7192 EP 7206 DI 10.1128/JVI.00563-12 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 961XA UT WOS:000305501600017 PM 22532695 ER PT J AU Ashok, M Berkowitz, Z Hawkins, NA Tangka, F Saraiya, M AF Ashok, Mahima Berkowitz, Zahava Hawkins, Nikki A. Tangka, Florence Saraiya, Mona TI Recency of Pap Testing and Future Testing Plans Among Women Aged 18-64: Analysis of the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CERVICAL-CANCER; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SCREENING GUIDELINES; ADHERENCE; INSURANCE; SMOKING; BREAST AB Background: Cervical cancer incidence has declined as a result of Papanicolaou (Pap) test use. Current guidelines recommend increasing screening intervals for women of average risk. The objective of this study is to examine current screening intervals, factors associated with recency of Pap testing, and future testing plans. Methods: We analyzed data from 2915 female respondents, aged 18-64, using the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a biennial national survey of access and use of cancer information in the United States. We divided time since last Pap test into <= 1 year (n = 1960), > 1 to <= 3 years (n = 512), > 3 years/never had Pap test (n = 443). We performed univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression, using proportional odds model with cumulative logit link. Results: Sixty-five percent of women had their most recent Pap test within 1 year. Most expected to be screened again within 1 year (81%). This expectation was highest among women who were tested within the previous year (90.9%). Having had a test within 1 year was positively associated with age groups 31-45 vs. 46-64 years; with being non-Hispanic black vs. non-Hispanic white; with being a college graduate vs. having less education; with being married, divorced, or separated vs. widowed; with having at least one visit to a healthcare provider in the past year; and with being aware of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Conclusions: Most women currently are tested and anticipate future testing at annual intervals. To implement guidelines, increased communication and systematic or policy changes may be needed to reduce overtesting. C1 [Ashok, Mahima; Berkowitz, Zahava; Hawkins, Nikki A.; Tangka, Florence; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Berkowitz, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zab3@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 705 EP 712 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3562 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 969SP UT WOS:000306078900001 PM 22480224 ER PT J AU Denny, CH Floyd, RL Green, PP Hayes, DK AF Denny, Clark H. Floyd, R. Louise Green, Patricia P. Hayes, Donald K. TI Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Preconception Risk Factors and Preconception Care SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; FREQUENT MENTAL DISTRESS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH OUTCOMES; HEALTH-CARE; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; REPRODUCTIVE-AGE; PRETERM BIRTH AB Objective: At-risk drinking, cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes, and frequent mental distress, as well as their co-occurrence in childbearing aged women, are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study estimated the prevalence of these five risk factors individually and in combination among nonpregnant women aged 18-44 years by demographic and psychosocial characteristics, with a focus on racial and ethnic disparities. Methods: Data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) on nonpregnant women aged 18-44 years (n = 54,612) were used to estimate the prevalences of five risk factors, pairs of co-occurring risk factors, and multiple risk factors for poor pregnancy outcomes. Results: The majority of women had at least one risk factor, and 18.7% had two or more risk factors. Having two or more risk factors was highest among women who were American Indian and Alaska Native (34.4%), had less than a high school education (28.7%), were unable to work (50.1%), were unmarried (23.3%), and reported sometimes, rarely, or never receiving sufficient social and emotional support (32.8%). The most prevalent pair of co-occurring risk factors was at-risk drinking and smoking (5.7%). Conclusions: The high proportion of women of childbearing age with preconception risk factors highlights the need for preconception care. The common occurrence of multiple risk factors suggests the importance of developing screening tools and interventions that address risk factors that can lead to poor pregnancy outcomes. Increased attention should be given to high-risk subgroups. C1 [Denny, Clark H.; Floyd, R. Louise; Green, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Prevent Team, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Denny, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Prevent Team, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdenny@cdc.gov NR 78 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 22 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 720 EP 729 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3259 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 969SP UT WOS:000306078900004 PM 22559934 ER PT J AU Benard, VB Howe, W Royalty, J Helsel, W Kammerer, W Richardson, LC AF Benard, Vicki B. Howe, William Royalty, Janet Helsel, William Kammerer, William Richardson, Lisa C. TI Timeliness of Cervical Cancer Diagnosis and Initiation of Treatment in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FOLLOW-UP; MANAGEMENT; ABNORMALITIES; WOMEN; RECOMMENDATIONS; GUIDELINES; ADHERENCE; CYTOLOGY; PATTERNS AB Objectives: To examine time intervals from cervical cancer screening to diagnosis and treatment initiation among low-income and uninsured women in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) during two consecutive time periods. Methods: We analyzed NBCCEDP data for women with abnormal Pap tests (n = 100,167), from which 1,417 invasive cervical cancers were diagnosed. We examined two time intervals for this study: diagnostic interval (time from abnormal Pap test to the date of definitive diagnosis) and treatment initiation interval (time from definitive diagnosis to treatment initiation) for two time periods: 1996-2002 and 2003-2009. We compared median time intervals for diagnostic and treatment initiation using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Adjusted proportions (predicted marginals) were calculated using logistic regression to examine diagnosis and treatment within program benchmarks (<= 60 days). Results: Median diagnostic intervals decreased overall by 6 days (54 vs. 48 days, p < 0.001). This decrease in the median diagnostic interval was noted for all variables examined. The median treatment initiation intervals remained stable over the two time periods. Conclusions: Women screened by the NBCCEDP receive diagnostic follow-up and initiate treatment within preestablished program guidelines. C1 [Benard, Vicki B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Howe, William; Helsel, William; Kammerer, William] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Benard, VB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdb9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 776 EP 782 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3224 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 969SP UT WOS:000306078900011 PM 22506920 ER PT J AU Patel, MM Glass, R Desai, R Tate, JE Parashar, UD AF Patel, Manish M. Glass, Roger Desai, Rishi Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Fulfilling the promise of rotavirus vaccines: how far have we come since licensure? SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; DIARRHEA-ASSOCIATED HOSPITALIZATIONS; 1ST 2 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DOUBLE-BLIND; GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; SUSTAINED DECLINE; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS AB Rotavirus is the most common cause of fatal and severe childhood diarrhoea worldwide. Two new rotavirus vaccines have shown efficacy against severe rotavirus disease in large clinical trials. Between 2006 and 2010, 27 countries introduced rotavirus vaccination into national immunisation programmes and, subsequently, the burden of severe rotavirus disease in these countries has decreased substantially in both vaccinated and unvaccinated children. Rotavirus vaccination has led to large, sustained declines in childhood deaths from diarrhoea in Brazil and Mexico, which supports estimates that rotavirus was the leading cause of diarrhoeal deaths in these countries. Studies after licensing have provided new insights into these vaccines, such as the duration of protection, relative effectiveness in poor populations, and strain evolution after vaccine introduction. The challenge for policy makers worldwide is to analyse the effect of vaccination in early adopter countries and to assess whether the benefits outweigh the costs and encourage wider dissemination of these vaccines. C1 [Patel, Manish M.; Glass, Roger; Desai, Rishi; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Roger] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov NR 116 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 7 BP 561 EP 570 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 969HC UT WOS:000306045300029 PM 22742639 ER PT J AU Braka, F Asiimwe, D Soud, F Lewis, RF Makumbi, I Gust, D AF Braka, Fiona Asiimwe, Delius Soud, Fatma Lewis, Rosamund F. Makumbi, Issa Gust, Deborah TI A Qualitative Analysis of Vaccine Safety Perceptions and Concerns Among Caretakers in Uganda SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Immunization; Concerns; Misconceptions; Caretakers ID HEALTH-CARE; IMMUNIZATION; ATTITUDES; POLIO; ATTENDANCE; BARRIERS; DISTRICT; CHILDREN; BELIEFS AB Parents and caretakers of young children often have concerns about vaccine safety and adverse events following immunization (AEFI). Little is known about vaccine safety perceptions in Uganda and their influence on parental decision-making about infant immunization. The study objectives were: to identify community sources of information on immunization, vaccine safety and AEFI; determine caretakers' knowledge of immunization; identify community concerns/fears about immunization and AEFI and their influence on caretakers' decisions to vaccinate; and obtain an understanding of knowledge, perceptions, and experience of health care workers (HCWs) and policy administrators on vaccine safety and AEFI. Twelve focus group discussions with 136 caretakers who were very or somewhat concerned about vaccine safety and 25 key informant interviews were conducted in two districts (1 urban and 1 rural) with district authorities and health facility staff as well as national level decision-makers between December and April 2006. Content analysis was used to analyze the results. The main themes identified related to general lack of information among caretakers about immunization, perceived immunization benefits, immunization concerns, and misconceptions. Specific caretaker concerns related to vaccine administration, immunization services and vaccine safety. Experiences with AEFI and concerns about vaccine safety negatively affected caretakers' decisions to vaccinate their children, notably in rural areas. HCWs demonstrated knowledge about AEFI and their management although incidences reported to facilities were rare. Inadequate communication between HCWs and caretakers was noted. Concerns and misconceptions about vaccination still exist among caretakers in Uganda and influence decisions to vaccinate. Effective inter personal communication initiated by HCWs towards caretakers is needed. C1 [Braka, Fiona] WHO, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Braka, Fiona; Lewis, Rosamund F.] WHO, Uganda Country Off, Kampala, Uganda. [Asiimwe, Delius] Makerere Univ, Inst Social Res, Kampala, Uganda. [Soud, Fatma; Gust, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Makumbi, Issa] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP Braka, F (reprint author), WHO, POB 3069, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. EM brakaf@et.afro.who.int NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1045 EP 1052 DI 10.1007/s10995-011-0826-5 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 965ZA UT WOS:000305805100014 PM 21660604 ER PT J AU Green, DR Anderson, BL Burke, MF Griffith, J Schulkin, J AF Green, Donata R. Anderson, Britta L. Burke, Michael F. Griffith, Judith Schulkin, Jay TI Obstetric Providers' Knowledge, Awareness, and Use of CDC's HIV Testing Recommendations and One Test. Two Lives.(TM) SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE One Test. Two Lives.(TM); Prenatal; CDC HIV testing recommendations; HIV prevention materials; Perinatal HIV transmission; ACOG Committee Opinion #418; Communication campaign ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; WOMEN AB This study examined the impact of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) One Test. Two Lives.(TM) (OTTL) campaign on key outcomes related to CDC's revised HIV testing recommendations and the use of the campaign materials. Data from three cross-sectional surveys were used to assess the effect of OTTL on Obstetricians/Gynecologists' (OB/GYN) HIV knowledge and practice. A 2-year combined sample of 500 OB/GYNs completed DocStyles, a Web-based survey for physicians, and 575 American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Fellows completed an ACOG survey. The surveys were similar in focus but did not contain the same items. Data were analyzed using cross-tabulations, chi(2) analyses, and logistic regression. There was a 20% recall of exposure to OTTL with DocStyles and 25% with ACOG. DocStyles respondents reporting having seen OTTL materials were significantly more likely to report awareness of CDC's recommendations [chi(2)(1) = 25.43, P < .001] and include HIV testing as a regular screening test for all patients [chi(2)(1) = 4.98, P < .05]. ACOG respondents not using the materials indicated high levels of willingness to use the materials-63.0 to 71.5%, depending on the material. Of the ACOG sample, 68.1% correctly answered the knowledge items regarding the recommendations. However, a significant relationship between correct knowledge and campaign exposure was not found. Overall, results suggest that OTTL is instrumental in raising awareness and implementation of the testing recommendations and plays an important role in facilitating HIV testing practices with obstetric providers and their patients. C1 [Green, Donata R.; Griffith, Judith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Britta L.; Schulkin, Jay] ACOG, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20090 USA. [Burke, Michael F.] RTI Int, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Green, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-49, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dqg7@cdc.gov; banderson@acog.org; mburke@rti.org; biq3@cdc.gov; jschulkin@acog.org NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1113 EP 1119 DI 10.1007/s10995-011-0839-0 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 965ZA UT WOS:000305805100021 PM 21713400 ER PT J AU Schmidt, ME Haines, J O'Brien, A McDonald, J Price, S Sherry, B Taveras, EM AF Schmidt, Marie Evans Haines, Jess O'Brien, Ashley McDonald, Julia Price, Sarah Sherry, Bettylou Taveras, Elsie M. TI Systematic Review of Effective Strategies for Reducing Screen Time Among Young Children SO OBESITY LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BODY-MASS INDEX; PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; PROMOTE PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OPEN-LOOP FEEDBACK; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR; PRIMARY-CARE; FOLLOW-UP AB Screen-media use among young children is highly prevalent, disproportionately high among children from lower-income families and racial/ethnic minorities, and may have adverse effects on obesity risk. Few systematic reviews have examined early intervention strategies to limit TV or total screen time; none have examined strategies to discourage parents from putting TVs in their children's bedrooms or remove TVs if they are already there. In order to identify strategies to reduce TV viewing or total screen time among children <12 years of age, we conducted a systematic review of seven electronic databases to June 2011, using the terms "intervention" and "television," "media," or "screen time." Peer-reviewed intervention studies that reported frequencies of TV viewing or screen-media use in children under age 12 were eligible for inclusion. We identified 144 studies; 47 met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-nine achieved significant reductions in TV viewing or screen-media use. Studies utilizing electronic TV monitoring devices, contingent feedback systems, and clinic-based counseling were most effective. While studies have reduced screen-media use in children, there are several research gaps, including a relative paucity of studies targeting young children (n = 13) or minorities (n = 14), limited long-term (>6 month) follow-up data (n = 5), and few (n = 4) targeting removing TVs from children's bedrooms. Attention to these issues may help increase the effectiveness of existing strategies for screen time reduction and extend them to different populations. C1 [Schmidt, Marie Evans; O'Brien, Ashley; McDonald, Julia; Price, Sarah; Taveras, Elsie M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Schmidt, Marie Evans; O'Brien, Ashley; McDonald, Julia; Price, Sarah; Taveras, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Schmidt, Marie Evans] Childrens Hosp, Ctr Media & Child Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Haines, Jess] Univ Guelph, Dept Family Relat & Appl Nutr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taveras, Elsie M.] Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Schmidt, ME (reprint author), Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. EM marie.evans@childrens.harvard.edu FU National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (Prevention Research Centers) [1U48DP00194] FX This work was supported by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (Prevention Research Centers Grants, 1U48DP00194). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 105 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 8 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUL PY 2012 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1338 EP 1354 DI 10.1038/oby.2011.348 PG 17 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 966LW UT WOS:000305840200004 PM 22222926 ER PT J AU Robison, SG Groom, H Young, C AF Robison, Steve G. Groom, Holly Young, Collette TI Frequency of Alternative Immunization Schedule Use in a Metropolitan Area SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; immunization schedules; vaccine hesitancy; vaccines ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; PARENTS; VACCINES; MEASLES AB OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have described an increase in parental hesitancy regarding vaccines as well as increases in parental adoption of vaccine schedules that delay or limit receipt of recommended vaccines. This study quantifies potential prevalence and trends in alternative schedule compliance by measuring consistent shot-limiting in a metropolitan area of Oregon. METHODS: Retrospective cohort analysis using the Oregon ALERT Immunization Information System to track children born between 2003 and 2009 in the Portland metropolitan area. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze prevalence trends in consistent shot-limiting during that time period. The 2007-2009 Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine shortage and increased availability of combination vaccines were also examined for their effects on shot-limiting rates. RESULTS: A total of 4502 of 97 711 (4.6%) children met the definition of consistent shot-limiters. The proportion of consistent shot-limiters in the population increased from 2.5% to 9.5% between 2006 and 2009. Compared with those with no or episodic limiting, consistent shot-limiters by 9 months of age had fewer injections (6.4 vs 10.4) but more visits when immunizations were administered (4.2 vs 3.3). However, only a small minority of shot-limiters closely adhered to published alternative schedules. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of children consistently receiving 2 or fewer vaccine injections per visit between birth and age 9 months increased threefold within a 2-year period, suggesting an increase in acceptance of non-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices vaccine schedules in this geographic area. Pediatrics 2012; 130: 32-38 C1 [Robison, Steve G.; Groom, Holly; Young, Collette] Oregon Hlth Author, Oregon Immunizat Program, Portland, OR 97008 USA. [Groom, Holly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Robison, SG (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Author, Oregon Immunizat Program, 800 NE Oregon St,Suite 370, Portland, OR 97008 USA. EM steve.g.robison@state.or.us OI Groom, Holly/0000-0003-2866-9788; Robison, Steve/0000-0002-9068-8499 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [80540/09] FX Funding was provided by Oregon's Sentinel Immunization Grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (80540/09). NR 29 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3154 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 967KH UT WOS:000305905900040 PM 22711719 ER PT J AU Perrine, CG Scanlon, KS Li, RW Odom, E Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Perrine, Cria G. Scanlon, Kelley S. Li, Ruowei Odom, Erika Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Baby-Friendly Hospital Practices and Meeting Exclusive Breastfeeding Intention SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE exclusive breastfeeding; intention; duration; Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative ID 1ST YEAR; DURATION; LACTATION; MOTHERS; RISK; INITIATION AB OBJECTIVE: To describe mothers' exclusive breastfeeding intentions and whether Baby-Friendly hospital practices are associated with achieving these intentions. METHODS: In the 2005-2007 Infant Feeding Practices Study II, women completed a prenatal questionnaire and approximately monthly questionnaires through 12 months. Mothers met their prenatal exclusive breastfeeding intention if their duration after the hospital stay (excluding hospital supplementation) equaled or exceeded their intention. Primary predictor variables included 6 Baby-Friendly hospital practices: breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth, giving only breast milk, rooming in, breastfeeding on demand, no pacifiers, and information on breastfeeding support. RESULTS: Among women who prenatally intended to exclusively breastfeed (n = 1457), more than 85% intended to do so for 3 months or more; however, only 32.4% of mothers achieved their intended exclusive breastfeeding duration. Mothers who were married and multiparous were more likely to achieve their exclusive breastfeeding intention, whereas mothers who were obese, smoked, or had longer intended exclusive breastfeeding duration were less likely to meet their intention. Beginning breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth and not being given supplemental feedings or pacifiers were associated with achieving exclusive breastfeeding intention. After adjustment for all other hospital practices, only not receiving supplemental feedings remained significant (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.8, 3.1). CONCLUSIONS: Two-thirds of mothers who intend to exclusively breastfeed are not meeting their intended duration. Increased Baby-Friendly hospital practices, particularly giving only breast milk in the hospital, may help more mothers achieve their exclusive breastfeeding intentions. Pediatrics 2012; 130: 54-60 C1 [Perrine, Cria G.; Scanlon, Kelley S.; Li, Ruowei; Odom, Erika; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Physcial Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Perrine, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Physcial Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cperrine@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3633 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 967KH UT WOS:000305905900043 PM 22665406 ER PT J AU Chitnis, AS Magill, SS Edwards, JR Chiller, TM Fridkin, SK Lessa, FC AF Chitnis, Amit S. Magill, Shelley S. Edwards, Jonathan R. Chiller, Tom M. Fridkin, Scott K. Lessa, Fernanda C. TI Trends in Candida Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections Among NICUs, 1999-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Candida; central line-associated bloodstream infections; NICU; incidence; health care-associated infection; epidemiology ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INVASIVE FUNGAL-INFECTION; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; FLUCONAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; PRETERM INFANTS; HIGH-RISK; COLONIZATION; PREVENTION; RATES AB OBJECTIVES: To assess trends in incidence of Candida spp. central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in US NICUs, 1999-2009. METHODS: Data from NICUs participating in the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (1999-2004) and National Healthcare Safety Network (2006-2009) were analyzed. Overall and birth weight-specific incidence rates of Candida spp. CLABSIs per 1000 central line-days were calculated. Trends in incidence were assessed by using Poisson regression, and trends in proportion of CLABSIs identified as Candida albicans were assessed by using weighted-linear regression. RESULTS: Overall, 398 NICUs reported 1407 Candida spp. CLABSIs (706 due to C albicans) among 1400 neonates. Of the 1400 neonates, 963 (69%) were <= 1000 g at the time of birth, and 182 (13%) died. From 1999 to 2009, the overall incidence decreased significantly for CLABSIs due to Candida spp. (0.92 vs 0.2), C albicans (0.53 vs 0.09), and non-albicans Candida spp. (0.39 vs 0.1). Birth weight-specific incidence significantly decreased across all birth weight categories for C albicans. For CLABSIs due to non-albicans Candida spp., significant decreases were detected among all birth weight categories, except among neonates 1501 to 2500 g. The proportion of Candida spp. CLABSIs due to C albicans did not significantly change over time, remaining at similar to 50%. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of Candida spp. CLABSIs decreased substantially among NICU patients, regardless of birth weight. Decreases in incidence across all birth weight categories, and not only among neonates <= 1000 g in whom antifungal prophylaxis may be more common, suggest that multiple factors contributed to the declining incidence. Pediatrics 2012;130:e46-e52 C1 [Chitnis, Amit S.; Magill, Shelley S.; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Fridkin, Scott K.; Lessa, Fernanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chitnis, Amit S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chitnis, AS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM achitnis@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP E46 EP E52 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3620 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 967KH UT WOS:000305905900007 PM 22711720 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Goodman, A Contreras, OA DasMahapatra, P Srinivasan, SR Berenson, GS AF Freedman, David S. Goodman, Alyson Contreras, Omar A. DasMahapatra, Pronabesh Srinivasan, Sathanur R. Berenson, Gerald S. TI Secular Trends in BMI and Blood Pressure Among Children and Adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE BMI; children; DBP; hypertension; obesity; SBP; secular trends ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT; US CHILDREN; OBESITY; YOUNG; SIZE; HYPERTENSION; POPULATION; ADIPOSITY AB OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents increased by almost threefold from the 1970s to 2000. We examined whether these secular changes in BMI were accompanied by increases in blood pressure levels. METHODS: A total of 24 092 examinations were conducted among 11 478 children and adolescents (aged 5-17 years) from 1974 to 1993 in the Bogalusa Heart Study (Louisiana). RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity increased from 6% to 17% during this period. In contrast, only small changes were observed in levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and neither mean nor high (based on the 90th percentile from the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents) levels increased over the 20-year period. Within each race-gender group, mean levels of SBP did not change, whereas mean levels of DBP decreased by 2 mmHg (P < .001 for trend). Levels of BMI were positively associated with levels of SBP and DBP within each of the 7 examinations, and controlling for BMI (along with other covariates) indicated that only similar to 60% as many children as expected had high levels of blood pressure in 1993. CONCLUSIONS: Our finding that levels of DBP and SBP among children in this large sample did not increase despite the increases that were seen in obesity indicates that changes in blood pressure levels in a population do not necessarily parallel changes in obesity. Additional study of the potential characteristics that have ameliorated the expected increase in high blood pressure could lead to further reductions in risk. Pediatrics 2012;130:e159-e166 C1 [Freedman, David S.; Goodman, Alyson] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Contreras, Omar A.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Off Infect Dis Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [DasMahapatra, Pronabesh; Srinivasan, Sathanur R.; Berenson, Gerald S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Tulane Ctr Cardiovasc Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), CDC K-26,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dxf1@cdc.gov FU National Institute on Aging [AG-16592]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) FX Supported by National Institute on Aging grant AG-16592. Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NR 43 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP E159 EP E166 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-3302 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 967KH UT WOS:000305905900022 PM 22665416 ER PT J AU Wheeler, M Bailer, AJ AF Wheeler, Matthew Bailer, A. John TI Monotonic Bayesian Semiparametric Benchmark? Dose Analysis SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; benchmark dose estimation; dichotomous response; monotonic dose-response; quantal response models; splines ID MODEL SELECTION; ISOTONIC REGRESSION; SPLINES AB Quantitative risk assessment proceeds by first estimating a dose-response model and then inverting this model to estimate the dose that corresponds to some prespecified level of response. The parametric form of the dose-response model often plays a large role in determining this dose. Consequently, the choice of the proper model is a major source of uncertainty when estimating such endpoints. While methods exist that attempt to incorporate the uncertainty by forming an estimate based upon all models considered, such methods may fail when the true model is on the edge of the space of models considered and cannot be formed from a weighted sum of constituent models. We propose a semiparametric model for dose-response data as well as deriving a dose estimate associated with a particular response. In this model formulation, the only restriction on the model form is that it is monotonic. We use this model to estimate the dose-response curve from a long-term cancer bioassay, as well as compare this to methods currently used to account for model uncertainty. A small simulation study is conducted showing that the method is superior to model averaging when estimating exposure that arises from a quantal-linear dose-response mechanism, and is similar to these methods when investigating nonlinear dose-response patterns. C1 [Wheeler, Matthew; Bailer, A. John] NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bailer, A. John] Miami Univ, Dept Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Wheeler, M (reprint author), NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM MWheeler@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1207 EP 1218 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01786.x PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 968TO UT WOS:000306007900010 PM 22385024 ER PT J AU Clower, JH Hampson, NB Iqbal, S Yip, FY AF Clower, Jacquelyn H. Hampson, Neil B. Iqbal, Shahed Yip, Fuyuen Y. TI Recipients of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning and exposure circumstances SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning is preventable. Severe cases are often referred for hyperbaric oxygen treatment. To guide prevention efforts and treatment practices, this study provides some of the most detailed current information about patients with carbon monoxide poisoning who have been treated at hyperbaric facilities across the United States and the circumstances surrounding their exposures. This study can help improve efforts to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning and enhance treatment practices. Methods: From August 2008 to January 2010, nonidentifiable, patient-level data were reported by 87 hyperbaric facilities in 39 states via an online reporting system. This reporting system was developed collaboratively by the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: Among the 864 patients reported to receive hyperbaric oxygen treatment for unintentional, non-fire-related, carbon monoxide poisoning, most of the patients were white men aged between 18 and 44 years. Only 10% of patients reported the presence of a carbon monoxide alarm at their exposure location, and 75% reported being part of a group exposure. Nineteen patients (2%) reported a prior carbon monoxide exposure. About half (55%) of the patients treated were discharged after treatment; 41% were hospitalized. Conclusions: The findings in this report expand the knowledge about patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. These results suggest that prevention efforts, such as educating the public about using carbon monoxide alarms and targeting the most at-risk populations, may help reduce the number of exposures, the number of persons with chronic cognitive sequelae, and the resulting burden on the health care system. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Clower, Jacquelyn H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cazador Contract Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hampson, Neil B.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Sect Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Iqbal, Shahed; Yip, Fuyuen Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clower, JH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM JClower@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 846 EP 851 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.05.028 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 966BL UT WOS:000305811600003 PM 21855265 ER PT J AU Nilles, EJ Arguin, PM AF Nilles, Eric J. Arguin, Paul M. TI Imported malaria: an update SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SEVERE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX MALARIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; UNITED-STATES; EXCHANGE-TRANSFUSION; NONIMMUNE TRAVELERS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; ADJUNCT THERAPY AB Evidence suggests that imported malaria is a diagnostic challenge with initial misdiagnosis rates of 40% or greater. Given that prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are the only intervention proven to prevent progression to severe malaria and death, these figures are concerning. The purpose of this clinical review is to provide the most up-to-date and practical information on the diagnosis and treatment of imported malaria for the emergency health care provider. We highlight common pitfalls, errors, and mistakes in arriving at the correct diagnosis. We also emphasize the 3 key aspects to avoid progression to severe disease: rapid diagnosis, prompt initiation of treatment, and appropriate choice of antimalarial treatment. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nilles, Eric J.] Univ Iowa, Dept Emergency Med, Roy J & Lucille A Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Nilles, EJ (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Emergency Med, Roy J & Lucille A Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM ericnilles@gmail.com; parguin@cdc.gov OI Nilles, Eric/0000-0001-7044-5257 NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 972 EP 980 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.06.016 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 966BL UT WOS:000305811600023 PM 21908138 ER PT J AU Haaland, RE Evans-Strickfaden, T Holder, A Pau, CP McNicholl, JM Chaikummao, S Chonwattana, W Hart, CE AF Haaland, Richard E. Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy Holder, Angela Pau, Chou-Pong McNicholl, Janet M. Chaikummao, Supraporn Chonwattana, Wannee Hart, Clyde E. TI UC781 Microbicide Gel Retains Anti-HIV Activity in Cervicovaginal Lavage Fluids Collected following Twice-Daily Vaginal Application SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; HIGHLY POTENT; DOUBLE-BLIND; PREVENTION; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; EFFICACY AB The potent nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC781 has been safety tested as a vaginal microbicide gel formulation for prevention of HIV-1 sexual transmission. To investigate whether UC781 retained anti-infective activity following exposure to the female genital tract, we conducted an ex vivo analysis of the UC781 levels and antiviral activity in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluids from 25 Thai women enrolled in a 14-day safety trial of twice-daily vaginal application of two concentrations of the UC781 microbicide gel. CVL samples were collected from women in the 0.1% (n = 5), 0.25% (n = 15), and placebo (n = 5) gel arms following the first application of gel (T-15 min) and 8 to 24 h after the final application (T8-24 h) and separated into cell-free (CVL-s) and pelletable (CVL-p) fractions. As UC781 is highly hydrophobic, there were significantly higher levels of UC781 in the CVL-p samples than in the CVL-s samples for the UC781 gel arms. In T8-24 h CVL-p samples, 2/5 and 13/15 samples collected from the 0.1% and 0.25% UC781 gel arms, respectively, efficiently blocked infection with a >= 4 log(10) 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of a CCR5-tropic CRF01_AE HIV-1 virus stock. Independent of the arm, the 11 CVL-p samples with UC781 levels of >= 5 mu g/CVL sample reduced infectious HIV by a >= 4 log(10) TCID50. Our results suggest that the levels and anti-infective activities of UC781 gel formulations are likely to be associated with a cellular or pelletable component in CVL samples. Therefore, cellular and pelletable fractions should be assayed for drug levels and anti-infective activity in preclinical studies of candidate microbicides. C1 [Haaland, Richard E.; Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy; Holder, Angela; Pau, Chou-Pong; McNicholl, Janet M.; Hart, Clyde E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McNicholl, Janet M.; Chaikummao, Supraporn; Chonwattana, Wannee] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Haaland, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hyw9@cdc.gov FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support for this study was provided by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7 BP 3592 EP 3596 DI 10.1128/AAC.00452-12 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 964DD UT WOS:000305673000018 PM 22508307 ER PT J AU Chigutsa, E Meredith, S Wiesner, L Padayatchi, N Harding, J Moodley, P Mac Kenzie, WR Weiner, M McIlleron, H Kirkpatrick, CMJ AF Chigutsa, Emmanuel Meredith, Sandra Wiesner, Lubbe Padayatchi, Nesri Harding, Joe Moodley, Prashini Mac Kenzie, William R. Weiner, Marc McIlleron, Helen Kirkpatrick, Carl M. J. TI Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Ofloxacin in South African Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL KILLING RATES; AUIC BREAK POINTS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; IN-VITRO; FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE; STERILIZING ACTIVITIES; MOXIFLOXACIN; MODEL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SELECTION AB Despite the important role of fluoroquinolones and the predominant use of ofloxacin for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa, there are limited data on ofloxacin pharmacokinetics in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, no ofloxacin pharmacokinetic data from South African patients, and no direct assessment of the relationship between ofloxacin pharmacokinetics and the MIC of ofloxacin of patient isolates. Our objectives are to describe ofloxacin pharmacokinetics in South African patients being treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and assess the adequacy of ofloxacin drug exposure with respect to the probability of pharmacodynamic target attainment (area under the time curve/MIC ratio of at least 100). Sixty-five patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis were recruited from 2 hospitals in South Africa. We determined the ofloxacin MICs for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from baseline sputum specimens. Patients received daily doses of 800 mg ofloxacin, in addition to other antitubercular drugs. Patients underwent pharmacokinetic sampling at steady state. NONMEM was used for data analysis. The population pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in this study has been adequately described. The probability of target attainment expectation in the study population was 0.45. Doubling the dose to 1,600 mg could increase this to only 0.77. The currently recommended ofloxacin dose appeared inadequate for the majority of this study population. Studies to assess the tolerability of higher doses are warranted. Alternatively, ofloxacin should be replaced with more potent fluoroquinolones. C1 [Chigutsa, Emmanuel; Meredith, Sandra; Wiesner, Lubbe; McIlleron, Helen] Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Padayatchi, Nesri] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Dept Publ Hlth, CAPRISA, TBTC Study Team 30, Durban, South Africa. [Harding, Joe] DP Marais Hosp, Cape Town, South Africa. [Moodley, Prashini] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Coll Hlth Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Mac Kenzie, William R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirkpatrick, Carl M. J.] Monash Univ, Ctr Med Use & Safety, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. RP McIlleron, H (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. EM helen.mcilleron@uct.ac.za RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013; OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339; Kirkpatrick, Carl/0000-0002-5715-1534; McIlleron, Helen/0000-0002-0982-6226 FU Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative (CIDRI) Wellcome Trust Fund [412164]; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium; U.S. Public Health Service through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was made possible through a grant from the Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative (CIDRI) Wellcome Trust Fund (grant 412164).; We thank the TBTC Study 30 team and Rae Taylor for conducting the clinical study. Nesri Padayatchi, William Mac Kenzie, and Marc Weiner were members of the TBTC Study 30 team and received financial support from the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium, which is funded by the U.S. Public Health Service through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We are indebted to Kaloshnee Ganas for assistance with the MIC determination. We thank Kashyap Patel for assistance with the modeling. We also thank the South African National Health Laboratory Service in Greenpoint, Cape Town, for invaluable assistance with identification of patient sputum samples. NR 37 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7 BP 3857 EP 3863 DI 10.1128/AAC.00048-12 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 964DD UT WOS:000305673000052 PM 22564839 ER PT J AU Murphy, LB Sacks, JJ Brady, TJ Hootman, JM Chapman, DP AF Murphy, Louise B. Sacks, Jeffrey J. Brady, Teresa J. Hootman, Jennifer M. Chapman, Daniel P. TI Anxiety and depression among US adults with arthritis: Prevalence and correlates SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IMPACT MEASUREMENT SCALES; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; HEALTH-STATUS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MENTAL-HEALTH; OLDER-ADULTS; PRIMARY-CARE; PAIN; OSTEOARTHRITIS; DISORDERS AB Objective There has been limited characterization of the burden of anxiety and depression, especially the former, among US adults with arthritis in the general population. The study objective was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression among US adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis. Methods The study sample comprised US adults ages =45 years with doctor-diagnosed arthritis (n = 1,793) from the Arthritis Conditions Health Effects Survey (a cross-sectional, population-based, random-digitdialed telephone interview survey). Anxiety and depression were measured using separate and validated subscales of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. Prevalence was estimated for the sample overall and stratified by subgroups. Associations between correlates and each condition were estimated with prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression models. Results Anxiety was more common than depression (31% and 18%, respectively); overall, one-third of respondents reported at least 1 of the 2 conditions. Most (84%) of those with depression also had anxiety. Multivariable logistic regression modeling failed to identify a distinct profile of characteristics of those with anxiety and/or depression. Only half of the respondents with anxiety and/or depression had sought help for their mental health condition in the past year. Conclusion Despite the clinical focus on depression among people with arthritis, anxiety was almost twice as common as depression. Given their high prevalence, their profound impact on quality of life, and the range of effective treatments available, we encourage health care providers to screen all people with arthritis for both anxiety and depression. C1 [Murphy, Louise B.] CDC, Arthrit Program, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sacks, Jeffrey J.] Sue Binder Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Murphy, LB (reprint author), CDC, Arthrit Program, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lmurphy1@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 64 IS 7 BP 968 EP 976 DI 10.1002/acr.21685 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 965BL UT WOS:000305741000004 PM 22550055 ER PT J AU Purser, JL Golightly, YM Feng, QS Helmick, CG Renner, JB Jordan, JM AF Purser, Jama L. Golightly, Yvonne M. Feng, Qiushi Helmick, Charles G. Renner, Jordan B. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Association of slower walking speed with incident knee osteoarthritis-related outcomes SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE-MEASURES; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; USUAL GAIT SPEED; LOWER-EXTREMITY; OLDER-ADULTS; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; JOINT; MUSCLE AB Objective To determine whether slower walking speed was associated with an increased risk of incident hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA)related outcomes. Methods After providing informed consent, community-dwelling participants in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project completed 2 home-based interviews and an additional clinic visit for radiographic and physical evaluation. One thousand eight hundred fifty-eight noninstitutionalized residents ages =45 years living for at least 1 year in 1 of 6 townships in Johnston County, North Carolina, completed the study's questionnaires and clinical examinations at baseline and at followup testing. Walking time was assessed using a manual stopwatch in 2 trials over an 8-foot distance, and walking speed was calculated as the average of both trials. For the hip and knee, we examined 3 outcomes per joint site: radiographic OA (weight-bearing anteroposterior knee radiographs, supine anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of the hip), chronic joint symptoms, and symptomatic OA. Covariates included age, sex, race, education, marital status, body mass index, number of self-reported chronic conditions diagnosed by a health care provider, number of prescriptions, depressive symptoms, self-rated health, number of lower body functional limitations, smoking, and physical activity. Results Faster walking speed was consistently associated with a lower incidence of radiographic (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.790.97) and symptomatic knee OA (adjusted OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.750.95); slower walking speed was associated with a greater incidence of these outcomes across a broad range of different clinical and radiographic OA outcomes. Conclusion Slower walking speed may be a marker for incident knee OA, but other studies must confirm this finding. C1 [Golightly, Yvonne M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Purser, Jama L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Feng, Qiushi; Helmick, Charles G.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Helmick, Charles G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Golightly, YM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, CB 7280,3330 Thurston Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM golight@email.unc.edu RI Feng, Qiushi/A-7483-2012 OI Feng, Qiushi/0000-0002-3572-4442 FU CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S1733, S3486]; Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center [5-P60-AR-30701]; Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [P60-AR49465]; NIH/National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research [5K01HD04953]; Claude D. Pepper Older American's Independence Center [NIAP30AG028716]; Arthritis and Immunology T-32 training grant from the NIH [AR-07416] FX The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project was supported by the CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health (grants S043, S1733, and S3486), the Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center (grant 5-P60-AR-30701), and the Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center (grant P60-AR49465) from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Supported in part by the NIH/National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (grant 5K01HD04953). Dr. Purser's work was supported by the Claude D. Pepper Older American's Independence Center (grant NIAP30AG028716). Dr. Golightly's work was supported by an Arthritis and Immunology T-32 training grant (AR-07416) from the NIH. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 64 IS 7 BP 1028 EP 1035 DI 10.1002/acr.21655 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 965BL UT WOS:000305741000011 PM 22392700 ER PT J AU Diaz, MH Winchell, JM AF Diaz, Maureen H. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae directly from respiratory clinical specimens using a rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction assay SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Real-time PCR; Community-acquired pneumonia ID CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; LEGIONELLA SPP.; PCR; INFECTION AB We developed a rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae directly from respiratory specimens. This procedure provides over 5 times faster results compared to existing methods while maintaining equivalent detection rates for specimens containing limited target organisms. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Diaz, Maureen H.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program (to M.H.D.) administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 73 IS 3 BP 278 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.03.024 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 962LJ UT WOS:000305546300017 PM 22541789 ER PT J AU Parham, F Wise, A Axelrad, DA Guyton, KZ Portier, C Zeise, L Zoeller, RT Woodruff, TJ AF Parham, Fred Wise, Amber Axelrad, Daniel A. Guyton, Kathryn Z. Portier, Christopher Zeise, Lauren Zoeller, R. Thomas Woodruff, Tracey J. TI Adverse effects in risk assessment: Modeling polychlorinated biphenyls and thyroid hormone disruption outcomes in animals and humans SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE (5-10):polychlorinated biphenyls; Thyroid hormones; Adverse health outcomes; Biological perturbations; Risk assessment ID CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; PCB CONGENERS; YOUNG-ADULTS; SERUM; THYROXINE; RATS; ASSOCIATION; METABOLISM AB There is a growing need for quantitative approaches to extrapolate relationships between chemical exposures and early biological perturbations from animals to humans given increasing use of biological assays to evaluate toxicity pathways. We have developed such an approach using polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and thyroid hormone (TH) disruption as a case study. We reviewed and identified experimental animal literature from which we developed a low-dose, linear model of PCB body burdens and decrements in free thyroxine (FT4) and total thyroxine (TT4), accounting for 33 PCB congeners; extrapolated the dose-response from animals to humans; and compared the animal dose-response to the dose-response of PCB body burdens and TH changes from eleven human epidemiological studies. We estimated a range of potencies for PCB congeners (over 4 orders of magnitude), with the strongest for PCB 126. Our approach to developing toxic equivalency models produced relative potencies similar to the toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) from the World Health Organization (WHO). We generally found that the dose-response extrapolated from the animal studies tends to under-predict the dose-response estimated from human epidemiological studies. A quantitative approach to evaluating the relationship between chemical exposures and TH perturbations, based on animal data can be used to assess human health consequences of thyroid toxicity and inform decision-making. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Parham, Fred] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wise, Amber; Woodruff, Tracey J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, San Francisco, CA USA. [Axelrad, Daniel A.] US EPA, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Guyton, Kathryn Z.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Portier, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zeise, Lauren] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA. [Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Woodruff, TJ (reprint author), 1330 Broadway St,Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM woodrufft@obgyn.ucsf.edu RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010 OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279 FU USEPA [EP08h001138]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This project was supported under USEPA contract #EP08h001138 and by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. This paper does not reflect the views of any of the affiliated agencies, including the USEPA, California EPA, or National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 116 BP 74 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.04.003 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 959IR UT WOS:000305306600010 PM 22575326 ER PT J AU Gler, MT Podewils, LJ Munez, N Galipot, M Quelapio, MID Tupasi, TE AF Gler, M. T. Podewils, L. J. Munez, N. Galipot, M. Quelapio, M. I. D. Tupasi, T. E. TI Impact of patient and program factors on default during treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE drug-resistant tuberculosis; treatment adherence; patient incentives; risk factors; program interventions AB SETTING: In the Philippines, programmatic treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) was initiated by the Tropical Disease Foundation in 1999 and transitioned to the National TB Program in 2006. OBJECTIVE: To determine patient and socio-demographic characteristics associated with default, and the impact of patient support measures on default. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of 583 MDR-TB patients treated from 1999 to 2006. RESULTS: A total of 88 (15%) patients defaulted from treatment. The median follow-up time for patients who defaulted was 289 days (range 1-846). In multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex and previous TB treatment, receiving a greater number of treatment drugs vs. (>= 5 2-3 drugs, HR 7.2, 95%CI 3.3-16.0, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with an increased risk of default, while decentralization reduced the risk of default (HR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2-0.7, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Improving access to treatment for MDR-TB through decentralization of care to centers near the patient's residence reduced the risk of default. Further research is needed to evaluate the feasibility, impact and cost-effectiveness of decentralized care models for MDR-TB treatment. C1 [Podewils, L. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gler, M. T.; Munez, N.; Galipot, M.; Quelapio, M. I. D.; Tupasi, T. E.] Trop Dis Fdn, Manila, Philippines. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ipp8@cdc.gov FU Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria FX The authors thank R Guilatco for his assistance with the cleaning and management of the data, and for the valuable input from other participants and colleagues in the Tropical Disease Foundation Centers for Disease Control Philippines operational research workshop. The Tropical Disease Foundation multidrug-resistant tuberculosis program and this study were made possible through the financial support of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 7 BP 955 EP 960 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0502 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 964AQ UT WOS:000305666500020 PM 22584124 ER PT J AU Kilmarx, PH Mermin, J AF Kilmarx, Peter H. Mermin, Jonathan TI Prevention With People With HIV in the United States: The Nexus of HIV Prevention and Treatment SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Editorial Material ID METAANALYSIS; INFECTION; CARE C1 [Kilmarx, Peter H.; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kilmarx, PH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pbk4@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 3 BP 219 EP 220 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182531ba2 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 965YT UT WOS:000305804400010 PM 22433845 ER PT J AU Grant, L Vinje, J Parashar, U Watt, J Reid, R Weatherholtz, R Santosham, M Gentsch, J O'Brien, K AF Grant, Lindsay Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh Watt, James Reid, Raymond Weatherholtz, Robert Santosham, Mathuram Gentsch, Jon O'Brien, Katherine TI Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Other Enteric Viruses Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis in American Indian Infants SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID DIARRHEA-ASSOCIATED HOSPITALIZATIONS; NATURAL ROTAVIRUS INFECTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; WHITE MOUNTAIN APACHES; ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; PROTECTION; ETIOLOGY; VACCINE; QUANTIFICATION AB Objective To investigate the viral etiology, through the use of molecular methods, of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), which is a considerable public health burden in Native American infants. Study design From March 2002 through February 2004, AGE and non-diarrheal stools were collected from Navajo and White Mountain Apache infants who received placebo during a rotavirus vaccine trial. Case (n = 247) and control (n = 344) specimens were tested for enteric adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, and sapovirus with real-time polymerase chain reaction. The odds of AGE were compared with population-averaged logistic regression models. Results In 65% of the cases of AGE (161/247), at least one virus was detected; norovirus (n = 80, 32%) and rotavirus (n = 70, 28%) were the most common. A virus was detected in 38% of control specimens (132/344). Detection of "any virus" was associated with AGE (OR = 3.22; 95% CI, 2.11-4.91), as was detection of norovirus (OR = 2.00; 95% CI, 1.22-3.26) and rotavirus (OR = 2.69; 95% CI, 1.52-4.79). Conclusion This study highlights the significant burden of viral AGE in American Indian infants and identifies pathogen targets for future prevention efforts in this population. (J Pediatr 2012;square:square-square). C1 [Grant, Lindsay; Watt, James; Reid, Raymond; Weatherholtz, Robert; Santosham, Mathuram; O'Brien, Katherine] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Vinje, Jan; Gentsch, Jon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grant, L (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, 621 N Washington St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lgrant@jhsph.edu OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU Merck Co.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded by Merck & Co. and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. M.S. has served as a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline and Merck & Co. J.W., R.R., M.S., K.B., L.G., and R.W. received grant funding from Merck & Co for conduct of the original rotavirus vaccine trial. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Indian Health Service or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 161 IS 1 BP 110 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.12.046 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 965FX UT WOS:000305753700026 PM 22336577 ER PT J AU Mehal, JM Esposito, DH Holman, RC Tate, JE Callinan, LS Parashar, UD AF Mehal, Jason M. Esposito, Douglas H. Holman, Robert C. Tate, Jacqueline E. Callinan, Laura S. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Risk Factors for Diarrhea-associated Infant Mortality in the United States, 2005-2007 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infants; mortality; diarrhea; risk factors; United States ID ROTAVIRUS; CHILDREN; DISEASE; AGE AB Background: Diarrhea-associated deaths among US children increased from the mid-1980s through 2006, particularly among infants. Understanding risk factors for diarrhea-associated death could improve prevention strategies. Methods: Records of singleton infants with diarrhea listed anywhere on the death certificate were selected from the US Linked Birth/Infant Death data for the period, 2005 to 2007; characteristics of these infants were compared with those of infants who survived their first year. Results: During 2005 to 2007, 1087 diarrhea-associated infant deaths were reported; 86% occurred among low birth weight (LBW, <2500 g) infants. Compared with normal birth weight (NBW, >= 2500 g) infants, LBW infants had a greater mortality rate (risk ratio: 91.9, 95% confidence interval: 77.4-109.0) and younger median age at death (7 versus 15 weeks, P < 0.0001). The most common codiagnoses for diarrhea-associated death among LBW and NBW infants were sepsis (26%) and volume depletion (20%), respectively. Among LBW infants, 97% of diarrhea-associated deaths occurred in inpatient settings, whereas 27% of NBW infant deaths occurred in outpatient settings and 5.3% in the decedent's home. Male sex, black race, unmarried status and low 5-minute Apgar score (<7) increased mortality odds among LBW infants whereas, among NBW infants, low 5-minute Apgar score, black race, young maternal age (<25 years) and high birth order (third or more) increased mortality odds. Conclusions: Efforts to reduce diarrhea-associated morality should focus on understanding and improving management of diarrhea in vulnerable LBW infants. For prevention of diarrhea-associated deaths in NBW infants, educating mothers who fit the high-risk profile regarding home hydration therapy and timely access to medical treatment is important. C1 [Mehal, Jason M.; Holman, Robert C.; Callinan, Laura S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Esposito, Douglas H.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Esposito, Douglas H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Work Force & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mehal, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JMehal@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 717 EP 721 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318253a78b PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 964PJ UT WOS:000305708300011 PM 22411052 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Bergmann, MM Boeing, H Li, CY Capewell, S AF Ford, Earl S. Bergmann, Manuela M. Boeing, Heiner Li, Chaoyang Capewell, Simon TI Healthy lifestyle behaviors and all-cause mortality among adults in the United States SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Diet; Exercise; Health behavior; Mortality; Prospective studies; Smoking ID NATIONAL DEATH INDEX; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; COMBINED IMPACT; FOLLOW-UP; WOMEN; MEN; RISK; DIETARY; COHORT AB Objective: To examine the links between three fundamental healthy lifestyle behaviors (not smoking, healthy diet, and adequate physical activity) and all-cause mortality in a national sample of adults in the United States. Method: We used data from 8375 U.S. participants aged >= 20 years of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 who were followed through 2006. Results: During a mean follow-up of 5.7 years, 745 deaths occurred. Compared with their counterparts, the risk for all-cause mortality was reduced by 56% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35%-70%) among adults who were nonsmokers, 47% (95% CI: 36%. 57%) among adults who were physically active, and 26% (95% CI: 4%. 42%) among adults who consumed a healthy diet. Compared with participants who had no healthy behaviors. the risk decreased progressively as the number of healthy behaviors increased. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval were 0.60 (0.38, 0.95). 0.45 (0.30, 0.67), and 0.18 (0.11, 0.29) for 1, 2, and 3 healthy behaviors, respectively. Conclusion: Adults who do not smoke, consume a healthy diet, and engage in sufficient physical activity can substantially reduce their risk for early death. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bergmann, Manuela M.; Boeing, Heiner] German Inst Human Nutr, Dept Epidemiol, Potsdam, Germany. [Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Div Publ Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov; bergmann@dife.de; boeing@dife.de; cli@cdc.gov; capewell@liverpool.ac.uk FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; Medical Research Council [G0900847] NR 36 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.016 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 966TX UT WOS:000305861400004 PM 22564893 ER PT J AU Pronk, NP Krebs-Smith, SM Galuska, DA Liu, BM Kushner, RF Troiano, RP Clauser, SB Ballard-Barbash, R Smith, AW AF Pronk, Nicolaas P. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Galuska, Deborah A. Liu, Benmei Kushner, Robert F. Troiano, Richard P. Clauser, Steven B. Ballard-Barbash, Rachel Smith, Ashley Wilder TI Knowledge of energy balance guidelines and associated clinical care practices: The U.S. National Survey of Energy Balance Related Care among Primary Care Physicians SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Energy balance; Primary care; Guidelines; Physical activity; Nutrition; Body mass index; Knowledge ID WEIGHT-RELATED CARE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PROMOTE; DISEASE; DIET; US AB Objective. To assess primary care physicians' (PCPs) knowledge of energy balance related guidelines and the association with sociodemographic characteristics and clinical care practices. Method. As part of the 2008 U.S. nationally representative National Survey of Energy Balance Related Care among Primary Care Physicians (EB-PCP), 1776 PCPs from four specialties who treated adults (n = 1060) or children and adolescents (n=716) completed surveys on sociodemographic information, knowledge of energy balance guidelines, and clinical care practices. Results. EB-PCP response rate was 64.5%. For PCPs treating children, knowledge of guidelines for healthy BMI percentile, physical activity, and fruit and vegetables intake was 36.5%, 27.0%, and 62.9%, respectively. For PCPs treating adults, knowledge of guidelines for overweight, obesity, physical activity, and fruit and vegetables intake was 81.4%, 81.3%, 70.9%, and 63.5%, respectively. Generally, younger, female physicians were more likely to exhibit correct knowledge. Knowledge of weight-related guidelines was associated with assessment of body mass index (BMI) and use of BMI-for-age growth charts. Conclusion. Knowledge of energy balance guidelines among PCPs treating children is low, among PCPs treating adults it appeared high for overweight and obesity-related clinical guidelines and moderate for physical activity and diet, and was mostly unrelated to clinical practices among all PCPs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pronk, Nicolaas P.] HealthPartners, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Pronk, Nicolaas P.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Pronk, Nicolaas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Krebs-Smith, Susan M.; Liu, Benmei; Troiano, Richard P.; Clauser, Steven B.; Ballard-Barbash, Rachel; Smith, Ashley Wilder] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Galuska, Deborah A.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kushner, Robert F.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Pronk, NP (reprint author), HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425 USA. EM nico.p.pronk@healthpartners.com OI Troiano, Richard/0000-0002-6807-989X FU National Cancer Institute [N02-PC-61301] FX Data collection for this survey was supported by the National Cancer Institute's contract no. N02-PC-61301. We would like to thank the following members of the Department of Health and Human Services' survey development team and outside consultants:; National Cancer Institute: Ashley Wilder Smith, Steven Clauser, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Carrie Klabunde, Susan M. Krebs-Smith, Laurel Borowski, Emily Dowling, Gordon Willis, Richard Troiano, Audie Atienza, Tanya Agurs-Collins, Bill Davis. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 28 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.05.005 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 966TX UT WOS:000305861400005 PM 22609144 ER PT J AU O'Leary, ST Stokley, S Crane, LA Allison, MA Hurley, LP Wortley, P Babbel, CI Beaty, BL Gahm, C Kempe, A AF O'Leary, Sean T. Stokley, Shannon Crane, Lori A. Allison, Mandy A. Hurley, Laura P. Wortley, Pascale Babbel, Christine I. Beaty, Brenda L. Gahm, Claire Kempe, Allison TI Influenza vaccination in the 2009-2010 pandemic season: The experience of primary care physicians SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; H1N1; Immunization ID PERSPECTIVE AB Objectives. Determine among a representative sample of pediatricians (Peds), family medicine (FM), and general internal medicine (GIM) physicians in the 2009-2010 influenza season physicians': 1) practices and experiences with delivery of seasonal and pH1N1 influenza vaccines; and 2) anticipated and experienced barriers. Methods. Two US national surveys administered 7/2009-10/2009 (before pH1N1 distribution) and 3/2010-6/2010 (after pH1N1 distribution) to 416 Peds, 424 FM and 432 GIM. Results. Of respondents who received both surveys, 62% (776/1253) completed both. Overall, 98% reported administering seasonal influenza vaccine and 86% pH1N1, with 70% reporting that working with public health in delivery of pH1N1 was a positive experience. Due to limited supplies of pH1N1, 63% of providers reported prioritizing who received vaccine even within high risk groups. Pre-distribution, 71% perceived that patient/parental safety. concerns about pH1N1 would be a barrier, and post-distribution 72% perceived it had been a barrier. Physician concern about safety decreased, with 44% reporting safety a barrier pre-distribution and 12% post-distribution (p<0.001). Conclusions. In the setting of a pandemic most primary care physicians collaborated with public health in delivery of pH1N1. Physicians faced challenges with patient/parent safety concerns about pH1N1 and supply issues with pH1N1 that required physicians to prioritize who received vaccine. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Leary, Sean T.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Beaty, Brenda L.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [O'Leary, Sean T.; Crane, Lori A.; Allison, Mandy A.; Hurley, Laura P.; Babbel, Christine I.; Beaty, Brenda L.; Gahm, Claire; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Stokley, Shannon; Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allison, Mandy A.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth & Hosp Author, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. RP O'Leary, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Mail Stop F443,13199 E Montview Blvd,Suite 300, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM sean.o'leary@childrenscolorado.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PEP through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC [M-1040-08/08] FX This investigation was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PEP (MM-1040-08/08) through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC. We thank Lynn Olson, PhD, and Karen O'Connor from the Department of Research, AAP, Herbert Young, MD, and Bellinda Schoof, MHA, at the AAFP, and the leaders of the AAP, AAP, and ACP for collaborating in the establishment of the sentinel networks in pediatrics, family medicine, and internal medicine. We also thank all pediatricians, family medicine physicians, and internists in the networks for participating and responding to this survey. We would also like to thank Fran Dong, MS, for assistance with data analysis and Michaela Brtnikova, PhD and Andrea Clinger, BS for assistance with manuscript preparation. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 68 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.014 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 966TX UT WOS:000305861400013 PM 22561030 ER PT J AU Krahn, GL Oullette-Kuntz, H AF Krahn, G. L. Oullette-Kuntz, H. TI Challenges and progress in health surveillance of people with intellectual disabilities: A tale of two countries SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Krahn, G. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM GFK2@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-2633 J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7-8 SI SI BP 750 EP 750 PG 1 WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation GA 960KH UT WOS:000305386000500 ER PT J AU Krahn, GL Ouellette-Kuntz, H Emerson, E Glover, G Cocks, E Rosenwax, L AF Krahn, G. L. Ouellette-Kuntz, H. Emerson, E. Glover, G. Cocks, E. Rosenwax, L. TI Advances in health surveillance among persons with intellectual disabilities SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Krahn, G. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM GFK2@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-2633 J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7-8 SI SI BP 750 EP 750 PG 1 WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation GA 960KH UT WOS:000305386000501 ER PT J AU Sterling, R Miranda, JJ Gilman, RH Cabrera, L Sterling, CR Bern, C Checkley, W AF Sterling, Robie Miranda, J. Jaime Gilman, Robert H. Cabrera, Lilia Sterling, Charles R. Bern, Caryn Checkley, William TI Early anthropometric indices predict short stature and overweight status in a cohort of peruvians in early adolescence SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stunting; obesity; development origins ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CATCH-UP GROWTH; MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ADULT-BLOOD PRESSURE; FAT-FREE MASS; CHILDHOOD GROWTH; FETAL ORIGINS; BIRTH COHORT; WEIGHT-GAIN AB While childhood malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, less well understood is how early childhood growth influences height and body composition later in life. We revisited 152 Peruvian children who participated in a birth cohort study between 1995 and 1998, and obtained anthropometric and bioimpedance measurements 1114 years later. We used multivariable regression models to study the effects of childhood anthropometric indices on height and body composition in early adolescence. Each standard deviation decrease in length-for-age at birth was associated with a decrease in adolescent height-for-age of 0.7 SD in both boys and girls (all P < 0.001) and 9.7 greater odds of stunting (95% CI 3.328.6). Each SD decrease in length-for-age in the first 30 months of life was associated with a decrease in adolescent height-for-age of 0.4 in boys and 0.6 standard deviation in girls (all P < 0.001) and with 5.8 greater odds of stunting (95% CI 2.613.5). The effect of weight gain during early childhood on weight in early adolescence was more complex to understand. Weight-for-length at birth and rate of change in weight-for-length in early childhood were positively associated with age- and sex-adjusted body mass index and a greater risk of being overweight in early adolescence. Linear growth retardation in early childhood is a strong determinant of adolescent stature, indicating that, in developing countries, growth failure in height during early childhood persists through early adolescence. Interventions addressing linear growth retardation in childhood are likely to improve adolescent stature and related-health outcomes in adulthood. Am J Phys Anthropol 148:451461, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bern, Caryn; Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Sterling, Robie; Gilman, Robert H.; Cabrera, Lilia] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Miranda, J. Jaime; Checkley, William] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sterling, Charles R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Program Global Dis Epidemiol & Control, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Checkley, W (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Sch Med, 1830 Monument St,5th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM wcheckl1@jhmi.edu OI Miranda, J. Jaime/0000-0002-4738-5468 FU National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U01-A135894]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health [HHSN268200900033C, K99HL096955]; National Institutes of Health [T35AI065385]; Johns Hopkins University FX Grant sponsor: National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Grant numbers: U01-A135894. Grant sponsor: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health; Grant numbers: HHSN268200900033C, K99HL096955. Grant sponsor: National Institutes of Health; Grant numbers: T35AI065385. Grant sponsor: Johns Hopkins University. NR 75 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 148 IS 3 BP 451 EP 461 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22073 PG 11 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 959QJ UT WOS:000305327600014 PM 22552904 ER PT J AU Adams, EK Markowitz, S Kannan, V Dietz, PM Tong, VT Malarcher, AM AF Adams, E. Kathleen Markowitz, Sara Kannan, Viji Dietz, Patricia M. Tong, Van T. Malarcher, Ann M. TI Reducing Prenatal Smoking The Role of State Policies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE TAXES; PUBLIC-POLICY; ADULT SMOKING; YOUTH SMOKING; YOUNG-ADULTS; PREGNANCY AB Background: Maternal smoking causes adverse health outcomes for both mothers and infants and leads to excess healthcare costs at delivery and beyond. Even with substantial declines over the past decade, around 23% of women enter pregnancy as a smoker and though almost half quit during pregnancy, half or more quitters resume smoking soon after delivery. Purpose: To examine the independent effects of higher cigarette taxes and prices, smokefree policies, and tobacco control spending on maternal smoking prior to, during, and after a pregnancy during a period in which states have made changes in such policies. Methods: Data from pooled cross-sections of women with live births during 2000-2005 in 29 states plus New York City (n = 225,445) were merged with cigarette price data inclusive of federal, state, and local excise taxes, full or partial bans on smoking in public places, and tobacco control spending. Probit regression models using a mixed panel, state fixed effects, and time indicators were used to assess effect of policies on smoking (during 3 months before pregnancy); quitting by last 3 months of pregnancy; and having sustained quitting at the time of completing the postpartum survey. Results: Multivariate analysis indicated that a $1.00 increase in taxes and prices increases third-trimester quits by between 4 and 5 percentage points after controlling for the other policies and covariates. Implementing a full private worksite smoking ban increases quits by the third trimester by an estimated 5 percentage points. Cumulative spending on tobacco control had no effect on pregnancy smoking rates overall. Association of tobacco control policies with maternal smoking varied by age. Conclusions: States can use multiple tobacco control policies to reduce maternal smoking. Combining higher taxes with smokefree policies particularly can be effective. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):34-40) (C) 2012 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Adams, E. Kathleen] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Markowitz, Sara] Emory Univ, Dept Econ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dietz, Patricia M.; Tong, Van T.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Malarcher, Ann M.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kannan, Viji] Univ Rochester, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Coll Med, Rochester, NY USA. RP Adams, EK (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM eadam01@emory.edu OI Tong, Van/0000-0002-3970-1440 FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF); Health Care Financing Initiative (HCFO) [66104] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), Health Care Financing Initiative (HCFO) Grant no. 66104. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the RWJF or the CDC. NR 33 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.02.030 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000005 PM 22704743 ER PT J AU Zhang, XZ Elliott, MN Saaddine, JB Berry, JG Cuccaro, P Tortolero, S Franklin, F Barker, LE Schuster, MA AF Zhang, Xinzhi Elliott, Marc N. Saaddine, Jinan B. Berry, Jay G. Cuccaro, Paula Tortolero, Susan Franklin, Frank Barker, Lawrence E. Schuster, Mark A. TI Unmet Eye Care Needs Among U.S. 5th-Grade Students SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; UNITED-STATES; MENTAL-HEALTH; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; ACCESS; LIFE AB Background: There is substantial evidence of a disparity in access to eye care services among adults in the U.S.; however, little is known about health disparities for children's eye care. Purpose: The goal of the study was to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for 5th-grade students' unmet eye care needs. Methods: Data were collected from 5147 5th-grade students (aged 10-11 years) and their parents and primary caregivers (hereafter "parents") participating in the Healthy Passages study between fall 2004 and summer 2006 (analyzed in 2011). Logistic regression estimated the probability of inability to afford needed eyeglasses and absence of vision insurance coverage. Results: 1794 5th-grade students wore eyeglasses or were told that they need eyeglasses; 13.7% of their parents were unable to afford needed eyeglasses (new prescription or replacement) for their children; 27.4% of their parents reported no vision insurance coverage for eye examinations and eyeglasses. After controlling for confounders, parents without general children's health insurance were more likely to report being unable to afford eyeglasses than those with health insurance (Medicaid, SCHIP, private/other insurance; adjusted percentages: 22.5% vs 10.9%, 9.6%, 12.5%; all p < 0.05). Parents with lower income were more likely to report being unable to afford children's eyeglasses even after controlling for all other factors (17.6% with income <$15,000 vs 2.7% with income >=$70,000; p < 0.001). Conclusions: SES and health insurance status are strongly associated with 5th-grade students' unmet eye care needs. Policies targeting socioeconomically disadvantaged groups and those without insurance may be needed to reduce disparities in access to appropriate eye care. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):55-58) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Zhang, Xinzhi; Saaddine, Jinan B.; Barker, Lawrence E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Elliott, Marc N.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Berry, Jay G.; Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Franklin, Frank] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Cuccaro, Paula; Tortolero, Susan] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Zhang, XZ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM XZhang4@cdc.gov OI Cuccaro, Paula/0000-0002-9551-4789 FU CDC; Prevention Research Centers [U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056] FX The Healthy Passages study is funded by the CDC, Prevention Research Centers (cooperative agreements U48DP000046, U48DP000057, and U48DP000056). The authors thank Tariq Qureshi, MD, for his assistance in data management and consultation. The authors also acknowledge all Healthy Passages investigators and field teams, and express our strong gratitude to study participants in the Birmingham, Houston, and Los Angeles areas. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 55 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.032 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000008 PM 22704746 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA Ballesteros, MF Mack, KA Rudd, RA DeCaro, E Adler, G AF Stevens, Judy A. Ballesteros, Michael F. Mack, Karin A. Rudd, Rose A. DeCaro, Erin Adler, Gerald TI Gender Differences in Seeking Care for Falls in the Aged Medicare Population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OLDER-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVENTION; PREDICTORS; COMMUNITY; INJURIES; HEALTH; HOME AB Background: One third of adults aged >= 65 years fall annually, and women are more likely than men to be treated for fall injuries in hospitals and emergency departments. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine how men and women differed in seeking medical care for falls and in the information about falls they received from healthcare providers. Methods: This study, undertaken in 2010, analyzed population-based data from the 2005 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MBCS), the most recent data available in 2010 from this survey. A sample of 12,052 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged >= 65 years was used to examine male-female differences among 2794 who reported falling in the previous year, sought medical care for falls and/or discussed fall prevention with a healthcare provider. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors associated with falling for men and women. P-values <= 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Nationally, an estimated seven million Medicare beneficiaries (22%) fell in the previous year. Among those who fell, significantly more women than men talked with a healthcare provider about falls and also discussed fall prevention (31.2% [95% CI = 28.8%, 33.6%] vs 24.3% [95% CI = 21.6%, 27.0%]). For both genders, falls were most strongly associated with two or more limitations in activities of daily living and often feeling sad or depressed. Conclusions: Women were significantly more likely than men to report falls, seek medical care, and/or discuss falls and fall prevention with a healthcare provider. Providers should consider asking all older patients about previous falls, especially older male patients who are least likely to seek medical attention or discuss falls with their doctors. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):59-62) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Stevens, Judy A.; Ballesteros, Michael F.; Mack, Karin A.; Rudd, Rose A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeCaro, Erin] Univ Alabama, Dept Anthropol, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Adler, Gerald] Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Off Res Dev & Informat, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jas2@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 FU CDC FX This study was funded by the CDC; data were provided by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. NR 18 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.008 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000009 PM 22704747 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM Storey, E AF Mazurek, Jacek M. Storey, Eileen TI Physician-Patient Communication Regarding Asthma and Work SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; CENTERED COMMUNICATION; HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE; DIAGNOSIS; MANAGEMENT; MICHIGAN; QUALITY; STATES AB Background: Healthy People 2020-specific respiratory diseases objectives seek to increase the proportion of people with current asthma who receive appropriate asthma care. For adults, this includes a discussion of whether asthma is work-related. Purpose: To establish a baseline measure of physician-patient communication regarding asthma and work. Methods: This study used data from 27,157 non-institutionalized U.S. adult respondents of the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (analyzed in 2011). Adults employed at any time in the 12 months prior to the interview with a health-professional diagnosis of current asthma who have been told by a health professional that their asthma was probably work-related or ever discussed the relatedness of asthma and work were identified. Weighted proportions and, using logistic regression analysis, prevalence ORs for factors that may have predicted communication with a health professional regarding an asthma-work relationship were calculated. Results: An estimated 6.6% (95% CI = 5.1%, 8.2%) of employed adults with current asthma have been told that their asthma is work-related. Among those not so informed, 7.4% (95% CI = 5.6%, 9.2%) ever discussed the topic. When responses to both questions were considered, the proportion was 13.5% (95% CI = 11.3%, 15.8%). Employed adults aged >30 years, those reporting adverse asthma outcomes, and those of Hispanic ethnicity had higher odds of having communication with a health professional about the relation between their asthma and their work. Conclusions: One in seven employed adults with asthma report communicating with their health professional about the role of workplace exposures in their asthma. Opportunities to increase this dialogue should be examined. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):72-75) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.; Storey, Eileen] CDC, Div Resp Dis Studies, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), CDC, Div Resp Dis Studies, NIOSH, Mailstop HG 900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM JMazurek1@cdc.gov FU CDC; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Division of Respiratory Disease Studies FX This work was performed and funded by the CDC, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 72 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.021 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000012 PM 22704750 ER PT J CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Updated Recommendations for Client- and Provider-Oriented Interventions to Increase Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Community Preventive Services Task Force SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Community Preventive Services Task Force (Task Force) recommends increasing screening for breast cancer through use of group education, one-on-one education, client reminders, reducing client out-of-pocket costs, and provider assessment and feedback; increasing screening for cervical cancer through use of one-on-one education, client reminders, and provider assessment and feedback; and increasing screening for colorectal cancer through use of one-on-one education, client reminders, reducing structural barriers to screening, and provider assessment and feedback. The Task Force found insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of increasing screening for breast cancer through use of client incentives, mass media, or provider incentives; for cervical cancer screening through use of group education, client incentives, mass media, reducing client out-of-pocket costs, reducing structural barriers, or provider incentives; and for colorectal cancer screening through use of group education, client incentives, mass media, reducing client out-of-pocket costs, or provider incentives. Details of these findings, and some considerations for use, are provided in this article. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):92-96) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine RP Care of Sabatino SA, CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.04.008 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000015 ER PT J AU Sabatino, SA Lawrence, B Elder, R Mercer, SL Wilson, KM DeVinney, B Melillo, S Carvalho, M Taplin, S Bastani, R Rimer, BK Vernon, SW Melvin, CL Taylor, V Fernandez, M Glanz, K AF Sabatino, Susan A. Lawrence, Briana Elder, Randy Mercer, Shawna L. Wilson, Katherine M. DeVinney, Barbara Melillo, Stephanie Carvalho, Michelle Taplin, Stephen Bastani, Roshan Rimer, Barbara K. Vernon, Sally W. Melvin, Cathy Lee Taylor, Vicky Fernandez, Maria Glanz, Karen CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Effectiveness of Interventions to Increase Screening for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancers Nine Updated Systematic Reviews for the Guide to Community Preventive Services SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; TELEPHONE COUNSELING INTERVENTION; HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION; CLIENT-DIRECTED INTERVENTIONS; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICES; OCCULT BLOOD-TEST; MAMMOGRAPHY USE; UNITED-STATES; TAILORED INTERVENTIONS AB Context: Screening reduces mortality from breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. The Guide to Community Preventive Services previously conducted systematic reviews on the effectiveness of 11 interventions to increase screening for these cancers. This article presents results of updated systematic reviews for nine of these interventions. Evidence acquisition: Five databases were searched for studies published during January 2004-October 2008. Studies had to (1) be a primary investigation of one or more intervention category; (2) be conducted in a country with a high-income economy; (3) provide information on at least one cancer screening outcome of interest; and (4) include screening use prior to intervention implementation or a concurrent group unexposed to the intervention category of interest. Forty-five studies were included in the reviews. Evidence synthesis: Recommendations were added for one-on-one education to increase screening with fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and group education to increase mammography screening. Strength of evidence for client reminder interventions to increase FOBT screening was upgraded from sufficient to strong. Previous findings and recommendations for reducing out-of-pocket costs (breast cancer screening); provider assessment and feedback (breast, cervical, and FOBT screening); one-on-one education and client reminders (breast and cervical cancer screening); and reducing structural barriers (breast cancer and FOBT screening) were reaffirmed or unchanged. Evidence remains insufficient to determine effectiveness for the remaining screening tests and intervention categories. Conclusions: Findings indicate new and reaffirmed interventions effective in promoting recommended cancer screening, including colorectal cancer screening. Findings can be used in community and healthcare settings to promote recommended care. Important research gaps also are described. (Am J Prev Med 2012;43(1):97-118) (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Sabatino, Susan A.] Emory Univ, Div Canc PreventionandControl, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Elder, Randy; Mercer, Shawna L.; Wilson, Katherine M.] Emory Univ, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Carvalho, Michelle] Emory Univ, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, CDC, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lawrence, Briana; Vernon, Sally W.; Fernandez, Maria] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Taplin, Stephen] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bastani, Roshan] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Rimer, Barbara K.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Melvin, Cathy Lee] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Taylor, Vicky] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Dept Biobehav Hlth Sci, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Sabatino, SA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Canc PreventionandControl, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SSabatino@cdc.gov FU Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Scholar Award; CPCRN FX The authors acknowledge the invaluable contributions of members and leaders from the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) and logistic support from the Emory Prevention Research Center, cooperative agreement numbers 3-U48-DP-000050- 1 (University of Washington); 3-U48-DP000064 (University of California Los Angeles); 3-U48-DP000059- 01 (University of North Carolina); 3-U48-DP000057 (University of Texas Houston); 1-U48-DP000043-S1 (Emory University); and 3-U48-DP000049 (Morehouse University) from the CDC, Prevention Research Centers Program. In addition to the CPCRNgrant to the Emory Prevention Research Center, KG was supported by a Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Scholar Award. BD was hired by CDC as a contractor to abstract articles for this systematic review. NR 138 TC 122 Z9 122 U1 5 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 43 IS 1 BP 97 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.04.009 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 959VJ UT WOS:000305344000016 PM 22704754 ER PT J AU Walsh, T Warner, L Macaluso, M Frezieres, R Snead, M Wraxall, B AF Walsh, Terri Warner, Lee Macaluso, Maurizio Frezieres, Ron Snead, Margaret Wraxall, Brian TI Prostate-specific antigen as a biomarker of condom failure: comparison of three laboratory assays and self-reported condom use problems in a randomized trial of female condom performance SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Prostate-specific antigen (PSA); PSA Assays; Biomarker; Rocket immuno-electrophoresis (RIE); Chromatographic immunoassay (CIA); Condom failure; Condom self-report; Female condom performance; Quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) ID MALE LATEX CONDOM; CLINICAL-TRIALS; SEMEN EXPOSURE; VAGINAL FLUID; SEX WORKERS; INTERCOURSE; EFFICACY; PREVENTION; PSA AB Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a biomarker for semen exposure, may provide a more objective measure of condom failure than subject self-reports. Methods for measuring PSA vary and their comparability with respect to assessing condom performance has not been adequately evaluated. This study compared results from three different PSA assays of vaginal samples collected by subjects in a randomized clinical trial which compared the performance of female condoms. Study Design: We selected 30 pairs of pre- and post-coital vaginal samples from subjects who reported condom functionality problems or whose original PSA assay was positive. Samples were retested using three different PSA assays [quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay (ETA), rocket immune-electrophoresis (RIE) and chromatographic immunoassay (CIA)]. We compared the proportion of condom uses where the post-coital PSA result indicated semen exposure for each of the three assays. Results: Despite varying levels of sensitivity, the results from all three assays were remarkably consistent. Self-reported condom failures did not correlate well with positive PSA results, suggesting that exclusive reliance on either PSA or user self-report may be inadequate for assessing condom functionality. Conclusion: In combination with user self-report of condom failure, PSA testing provides a reliable, objective marker of condom functionality. Studies based on PSA testing may improve on conventional contraceptive clinical trials by offering a more direct assessment of a condom product's ability to prevent semen exposure. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Frezieres, Ron] Calif Family Hlth Council Inc, VP Res & Evaluat, Los Angeles, CA 90010 USA. [Warner, Lee; Macaluso, Maurizio; Snead, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wraxall, Brian] Serol Res Inst, Richmond, CA 94806 USA. RP Frezieres, R (reprint author), Calif Family Hlth Council Inc, VP Res & Evaluat, Los Angeles, CA 90010 USA. EM frezieresr@cfhc.org RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2012 VL 86 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.018 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 962ZS UT WOS:000305590500010 PM 22386229 ER PT J AU Kulkarni, R Presley, R Lusher, J Shapiro, A Gill, J Manco-Johnson, M Koerper, M Abshire, T Di-Michele, D Hoots, K Mathew, P Nugent, D Geraghty, S Evatt, B Soucie, JM AF Kulkarni, R. Presley, R. Lusher, J. Shapiro, A. Gill, J. Manco-Johnson, M. Koerper, M. Abshire, T. Di-Michele, D. Hoots, K. Mathew, P. Nugent, D. Geraghty, S. Evatt, B. Soucie, J. Michael CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network I TI Complications of hemophilia in children in the first two years of life: A report from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Universal Data Collection (UDC) system SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kulkarni, R.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Presley, R.; Evatt, B.; Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lusher, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Shapiro, A.] Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Gill, J.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Gill, J.; Abshire, T.] Blood Ctr Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Manco-Johnson, M.; Geraghty, S.] Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA. [Manco-Johnson, M.] Hlth Sci Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Koerper, M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Di-Michele, D.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Hoots, K.] Gulf States Haemophilia & Thrombophilia Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Mathew, P.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Nugent, D.] Childrens Hosp Orange Cty, Orange, CA 92668 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 SU 3 SI SI BP 43 EP 43 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 961IJ UT WOS:000305457800202 ER PT J AU Feay, C Woods, A Simmons, G Crawford, J AF Feay, C. Woods, A. Simmons, G. Crawford, J. TI Guidelines for growing: An action plan for parents of children with bleeding disorders SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Feay, C.; Woods, A.; Crawford, J.] Natl Hemophilia Fdn, New York, NY USA. [Simmons, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 SU 3 SI SI BP 63 EP 63 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 961IJ UT WOS:000305457800298 ER PT J AU Lane, H Siddiqi, A Ingram-Rich, R Tobase, P Ward, R AF Lane, H. Siddiqi, A. Ingram-Rich, R. Tobase, P. Ward, R. CA US Hemophilia Treatment Ctr TI Outcomes in Activity, Participation and Body Structure Following Ankle Arthrodesis in Persons with Hemophilia: Analyses Using the Universal Data Collection Surveillance Project SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lane, H.] Primary Childrens Med Ctr, Intermt Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA. [Siddiqi, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ingram-Rich, R.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Hemophilia Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Ward, R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Tobase, P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 SU 3 SI SI BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 961IJ UT WOS:000305457801126 ER PT J AU James, A Miller, C Byams, V Thames, B Philipp, C AF James, A. Miller, C. Byams, V. Thames, B. Philipp, C. TI Low factor VIII is associated with bleeding during early pregnancy SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [James, A.; Thames, B.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Miller, C.; Byams, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Philipp, C.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 SU 3 SI SI BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 961IJ UT WOS:000305457801494 ER PT J AU Holodniy, M Oda, G Schirmer, PL Lucero, CA Khudyakov, YE Xia, GL Lin, YL Valdiserri, R Duncan, WE Davey, VJ Cross, GM AF Holodniy, Mark Oda, Gina Schirmer, Patricia L. Lucero, Cynthia A. Khudyakov, Yury E. Xia, Guoliang Lin, Yulin Valdiserri, Ronald Duncan, William E. Davey, Victoria J. Cross, Gerald M. TI Results from a Large-Scale Epidemiologic Look-Back Investigation of Improperly Reprocessed Endoscopy Equipment SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPY; INFECTION-CONTROL; BRITISH-SOCIETY; WORKING PARTY; DISINFECTION; RISK AB OBJECTIVE. To determine whether improper high-level disinfection practices during endoscopy procedures resulted in bloodborne viral infection transmission. DESIGN. Retrospective cohort study. SETTING. Four Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs). PATIENTS. Veterans who underwent colonoscopy and laryngoscopy (ear, nose, and throat [ENT]) procedures from 2003 to 2009. METHODS. Patients were identified through electronic health record searches and serotested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Newly discovered case patients were linked to a potential source with known identical infection, whose procedure occurred no more than 1 day prior to the case patient's procedure. Viral genetic testing was performed for case/proximate pairs to determine relatedness. RESULTS. Of 10,737 veterans who underwent endoscopy at 4 VAMCs, 9,879 patients agreed to viral testing. Of these, 90 patients were newly diagnosed with 1 or more viral bloodborne pathogens (BBPs). There were no case/proximate pairings found for patients with either HIV or HBV; 24 HCV case/proximate pairings were found, of which 7 case patients and 8 proximate patients had sufficient viral load for further genetic testing. Only 2 of these cases, both of whom underwent laryngoscopy, and their 4 proximates agreed to further testing. None of the 4 remaining proximate patients who underwent colonoscopy agreed to further testing. Mean genetic distance between the 2 case patients and 4 proximate patients ranged from 13.5% to 19.1%. CONCLUSIONS. Our investigation revealed that exposure to improperly reprocessed ENT endoscopes did not result in viral transmission in those patients who had viral genetic analysis performed. Any potential transmission of BBPs from colonoscopy remains unknown. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(7):649-656 C1 [Holodniy, Mark; Oda, Gina; Schirmer, Patricia L.; Lucero, Cynthia A.; Davey, Victoria J.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Holodniy, Mark] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Geog Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Khudyakov, Yury E.; Xia, Guoliang; Lin, Yulin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Valdiserri, Ronald] US Dept HHS, Off HIV AIDS Policy, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Duncan, William E.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Qual & Safety, Washington, DC USA. [Cross, Gerald M.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Patient Care Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Holodniy, M (reprint author), Off Publ Hlth Surveillance & Res, 3801 Miranda Ave 132, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM mark.holodniy@va.gov FU Department of Veterans Affairs FX Financial support. This study was funded by intramural funds from the Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 7 BP 649 EP 656 DI 10.1086/666345 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 955DW UT WOS:000304998300001 PM 22669224 ER PT J AU Fries, J Segre, AM Thomas, G Herman, T Ellingson, K Polgreen, PM AF Fries, Jason Segre, Alberto M. Thomas, Geb Herman, Ted Ellingson, Katherine Polgreen, Philip M. TI Monitoring Hand Hygiene via Human Observers: How Should We Be Sampling? SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; HEALTH-CARE; RUB USE; ALCOHOL; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADHERENCE; DEVICE AB OBJECTIVE. To explore how hand hygiene observer scheduling influences the number of events and unique individuals observed. DESIGN. We deployed a mobile sensor network to capture detailed movement data for 6 categories of healthcare workers over a 2-week period. SETTING. University of Iowa Hospital and Clinic medical intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS. We recorded 33,721 time-stamped healthcare worker entries to and exits from patient rooms and considered each entry or exit to be an opportunity for hand hygiene. Architectural drawings were used to derive 4 optimal line-of-sight placements for observers. We ran simulations for different observer movement schedules, all with a budget of 1 hour of total observation time. We considered observation times of 1-15, 15-30, 30, and 60 minutes per station. We stochastically generated healthcare worker hand hygiene compliance on the basis of all data and recorded the total unit compliance as it would be reported by each simulated observer. RESULTS. Considering a 60-minute total observation period, aggregate simulated observers captured 1.7% of the average total number of opportunities per day at best and 0.5% at worst. The 1-15-minute schedule captures, on average, 16% fewer events than does the 60-minute (ie, static) schedule, but it samples 17% more unique individuals. The 1-15-minute schedule also provides the best estimator of compliance for the duration of the shift, with a mean standard deviation of 17%, compared with 23% for the 60-minute schedule. CONCLUSIONS. Our results show that observations are sensitive to different observers' schedules and suggest the importance of using data-driven approaches to schedule hand hygiene audits. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(7):689-695 C1 [Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Fries, Jason; Segre, Alberto M.; Herman, Ted] Univ Iowa, Dept Comp Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Thomas, Geb] Univ Iowa, Dept Ind & Mech Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Ellingson, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Polgreen, PM (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM philip-polgreen@uiowa.edu RI Segre, Alberto/B-1734-2009 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health [K01 AI75089, R21-AI081164] FX Financial support. This work was supported in part by a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and from the National Institutes of Health (K01 AI75089 and R21-AI081164). NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 7 BP 689 EP 695 DI 10.1086/666346 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 955DW UT WOS:000304998300007 PM 22669230 ER PT J AU Spradling, PR Williams, RE Xing, J Soyemi, K Towers, J AF Spradling, Philip R. Williams, Roxanne E. Xing, Jian Soyemi, Kenneth Towers, Joseph TI Serologic Testing for Protection against Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Students at a Health Sciences University in the United States SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE. To evaluate hepatitis B vaccination coverage and documentation of vaccine-induced immunity. DESIGN. Retrospective cohort analysis. SETTING. Graduate school in the United States with programs in osteopathic medicine, dentistry, and allied health. METHODS. Data collected included demographics, dates of hepatitis B vaccine doses, and postvaccination concentrations of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), with dates. The proportions of students with anti-HBs of 10 IU/L or more by demographics, age at vaccination, interval since completion of the primary series, and response to additional vaccine doses were compared. RESULTS. Of 3,452 students who matriculated during 2004-2009, 2,643 had complete data; 2,481 (93.9%) received 3 primary doses. Most were women (64.6%), US-born (85.6%), and white (63.2%); median age at receipt of the primary series was 14.5 years (interquartile range, 11.6-20.2 years) and at postvaccination testing was 23.2 years (interquartile range, 22.1-24.8 years). Of those who received 3 primary doses, 2,306 (92.9%) had an anti-HBs postvaccination concentration of 10 IU/L or more. Younger age at vaccination and longer time interval from vaccination to anti-HBs testing were associated with a postvaccination concentration of less than 10 IU/L (P < .001 and P = .0185, respectively, Cochran-Armitage test for trend). Almost all students (98.2%) who initially had less than 10 IU/L of anti-HBs, but then received at least 1 additional dose, had a follow-up anti-HBs concentration of 10 IU/L or more. CONCLUSIONS. Almost all students had serologic evidence of protection against hepatitis B virus infection; most were vaccinated as adolescents and were tested more than 10 years after vaccination. Among students with anti-HBs concentrations of less than 10 IU/L, nearly all had 10 IU/L or more after at least 1 additional vaccine dose. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(7):732-736 C1 [Spradling, Philip R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Roxanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Soyemi, Kenneth] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Towers, Joseph] Midwestern Univ, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. RP Spradling, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Mailstop G37,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pspradling@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FX Financial support. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 7 BP 732 EP 736 DI 10.1086/666335 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 955DW UT WOS:000304998300013 PM 22669236 ER PT J AU Wamala, JF Malimbo, M Okot, CL Atai-Omoruto, AD Tenywa, E Miller, JR Balinandi, S Shoemaker, T Oyoo, C Omony, EO Kagirita, A Musenero, MM Makumbi, I Nanyunja, M Lutwama, JJ Downing, R Mbonye, AK AF Wamala, Joseph F. Malimbo, Mugagga Okot, Charles L. Atai-Omoruto, Ann D. Tenywa, Emmanuel Miller, Jeffrey R. Balinandi, Stephen Shoemaker, Trevor Oyoo, Charles Omony, Emmanuel O. Kagirita, Atek Musenero, Monica M. Makumbi, Issa Nanyunja, Miriam Lutwama, Julius J. Downing, Robert Mbonye, Anthony K. TI Epidemiological and laboratory characterization of a yellow fever outbreak in northern Uganda, October 2010-January 2011 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Laboratory; Yellow fever AB Background: In November 2010, following reports of an outbreak of a fatal, febrile, hemorrhagic illness in northern Uganda, the Uganda Ministry of Health established multisector teams to respond to the outbreak. Methods: This was a case-series investigation in which the response teams conducted epidemiological and laboratory investigations on suspect cases. The cases identified were line-listed and a data analysis was undertaken regularly to guide the outbreak response. Results: Overall, 181 cases met the yellow fever (YF) suspected case definition; there were 45 deaths (case fatality rate 24.9%). Only 13 (7.5%) of the suspected YF cases were laboratory confirmed, and molecular sequencing revealed 92% homology to the YF virus strain Couma (Ethiopia), East African genotype. Suspected YF cases had fever (100%) and unexplained bleeding (97.8%), but jaundice was rare (11.6%). The overall attack rate was 13 cases/100 000 population, and the attack rate was higher for males than females and increased with age. The index clusters were linked to economic activities undertaken by males around forests. Conclusions: This was the largest YF outbreak ever reported in Uganda. The wide geographical case dispersion as well as the male and older age preponderance suggests transmission during the outbreak was largely sylvatic and related to occupational activities around forests. (C) 2012 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wamala, Joseph F.; Malimbo, Mugagga; Atai-Omoruto, Ann D.; Kagirita, Atek; Makumbi, Issa; Lutwama, Julius J.; Mbonye, Anthony K.] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Okot, Charles L.; Tenywa, Emmanuel; Nanyunja, Miriam] World Hlth Org Country Off, Kampala, Uganda. [Miller, Jeffrey R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Balinandi, Stephen; Shoemaker, Trevor; Downing, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Oyoo, Charles] Lamwo Dist Hlth Serv, Lamwo, Uganda. [Omony, Emmanuel O.] Agago Dist Hlth Serv, Agago, Uganda. [Musenero, Monica M.] Africa Field Epidemiol Network, Kampala, Uganda. RP Wamala, JF (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Plot 6 Lourdel Rd,POB 7272, Kampala, Uganda. EM j_wamala@yahoo.com FU National Task Force for Epidemic Control FX The outbreak response was funded by the National Task Force for Epidemic Control. The funds were principally drawn from the Government of Uganda budget with support from the health development partners. The corresponding author had full access to the investigation data and had the final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 7 BP E536 EP E542 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.03.004 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 960YM UT WOS:000305429700014 PM 22575876 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Blount, BC Waidyanatha, S Harper, M AF Pleil, Joachim D. Blount, Benjamin C. Waidyanatha, Suramya Harper, Martin TI Establishing exposure science as a distinct scientific discipline SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Waidyanatha, Suramya] Natl Inst Environm Hlth NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 317 EP 319 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.5 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000001 PM 22713533 ER PT J AU Anderson, JL Daniels, RD Fleming, DA Tseng, CY AF Anderson, Jeri L. Daniels, Robert D. Fleming, Donald A. Tseng, Chih-yu TI Exposure assessment for a cohort of workers at a former uranium processing facility SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE uranium; nuclear workers; internal radiation dose; external radiation exposure; radon; thorium ID LUNG-CANCER; RADON EXPOSURE; FRENCH COHORT; MORTALITY; MINERS; RADIATION; RISK; FABRICATION; LEUKEMIA; UPDATE AB Exposure was assessed for a cohort of 6409 workers at a former uranium processing facility as part of a mortality study. Workers at the facility had potential for exposure to a wide variety of radiological and chemical agents including uranium, thorium, radon, external ionizing radiation, acid mists, asbestos, and various solvents. Organ dose from internal exposure to uranium was assessed, along with dose from external ionizing radiation and exposure to radon. Qualitative assessment of exposure to thorium, acid mists, asbestos, coal dust, welding fumes, and other chemicals was also performed. Mean cumulative organ dose from internal uranium exposure ranged from 1.1 mGy (lung) to 6.7 mu Gy (pancreas). Mean cumulative external ionizing radiation dose was 13.4 mGy. Mean cumulative radon exposure was 26 working level months (WLMs). The chemical agents to which the largest numbers of study subjects were exposed were acid mists, machining fluids, and a tributyl phosphate/kerosene mixture used in the refining process. C1 [Anderson, Jeri L.; Daniels, Robert D.; Fleming, Donald A.; Tseng, Chih-yu] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. EM JLAnderson@cdc.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); DOE FX We thank the faculty and students of the Department of Environmental Health of the University of Cincinnati for providing their location codes and radon exposure estimates. Funding for this study was provided through an agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). This study was made possible by the cooperation and support of the DOE and its employees and contractors. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 324 EP 330 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.20 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000003 PM 22534696 ER PT J AU Meeker, JD Calafat, AM Hauser, R AF Meeker, John D. Calafat, Antonia M. Hauser, Russ TI Urinary phthalate metabolites and their biotransformation products: predictors and temporal variability among men and women SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomarker; environment; metabolism ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; DIETHYL PHTHALATE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PREGNANT-WOMEN; HUMAN EXPOSURE; HORMONE LEVELS; HUMANS; HEALTH; REPRODUCIBILITY AB Most epidemiology studies investigating the potential adverse health effects in relation to phthalates measure the urinary concentration of the free plus glucuronidated species of phthalate metabolites (i.e., total concentration) to estimate exposure. However, the free species may represent the biologically relevant dose. In this study, we collected 943 urine samples from 112 men and 157 women and assessed the between-and within-person variability and predictors of (1) the free and total urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites, and (2) the percentage of free phthalate metabolites (a potential phenotypic indicator of individual susceptibility). We also explored the proportion of urinary di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites contributed to by the bioactive mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), considered a possible indicator of susceptibility to phthalate exposure. The percentage of phthalate metabolites present in the free form was less stable over time than the total metabolite concentration, and, therefore, it is not likely a useful indicator of metabolic susceptibility. Thus, the added costs and effort involved in the measurement of free in addition to total metabolite concentrations in large-scale studies may not be justified. Conversely, the proportion of DEHP metabolites contributed to by MEHP was more stable within individuals over time and may be a promising indicator of susceptibility if time of day of sample collection is carefully considered. C1 [Meeker, John D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis & Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Vincent Mem Obstet & Gynecol Serv, Androl Lab, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Vitro Fertilizat Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Meeker, JD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, 6635 SPH Tower,109 S Observ St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM meekerj@umich.edu OI Meeker, John/0000-0001-8357-5085 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P30ES000002, R01ES009718, R01ES018872, P20ES018171, P42ES017198, P30ES017885]; US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [RD83480001] FX This work was supported by grants P30ES000002, R01ES009718, R01ES018872, P20ES018171, P42ES017198, and P30ES017885 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and RD83480001 from the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). We acknowledge Manori Silva, Ella Samandar, and Jim Preau for measuring the urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 376 EP 385 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000010 PM 22354176 ER PT J AU Heltshe, SL Lubin, JH Koutros, S Coble, JB Ji, BT Alavanja, MCR Blair, A Sandler, DP Hines, CJ Thomas, KW Barker, J Andreotti, G Hoppin, JA Freeman, LEB AF Heltshe, Sonya L. Lubin, Jay H. Koutros, Stella Coble, Joseph B. Ji, Bu-Tian Alavanja, Michael C. R. Blair, Aaron Sandler, Dale P. Hines, Cynthia J. Thomas, Kent W. Barker, Joseph Andreotti, Gabriella Hoppin, Jane A. Freeman, Laura E. Beane TI Using multiple imputation to assign pesticide use for non-responders in the follow-up questionnaire in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; cohort studies; missing data; pesticides; precision ID HOT DECK IMPUTATION AB The Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a large prospective cohort, was designed to elucidate associations between pesticide use and other agricultural exposures and health outcomes. The cohort includes 57,310 pesticide applicators who were enrolled between 1993 and 1997 in Iowa and North Carolina. A follow-up questionnaire administered 5 years later was completed by 36,342 (63%) of the original participants. Missing pesticide use information from participants who did not complete the second questionnaire impedes both long-term pesticide exposure estimation and statistical inference of risk for health outcomes. Logistic regression and stratified sampling were used to impute key variables related to the use of specific pesticides for 20,968 applicators who did not complete the second questionnaire. To assess the imputation procedure, a 20% random sample of participants was withheld for comparison. The observed and imputed prevalence of any pesticide use in the holdout dataset were 85.7% and 85.3%, respectively. The distribution of prevalence and days/year of use for specific pesticides were similar across observed and imputed in the holdout sample. When appropriately implemented, multiple imputation can reduce bias and increase precision and can be more valid than other missing data approaches. C1 [Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Heltshe, Sonya L.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Thomas, Kent W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barker, Joseph] Informat Management Syst, Rockville, MD USA. RP Freeman, LEB (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 6120 Execut Blvd,RM 8112,MSC 7240, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM freemala@mail.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health [Z01-CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES049030] FX This work is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (grant number Z01-CP010119); and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health (grant number Z01-ES049030). The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 409 EP 416 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.31 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000014 PM 22569205 ER PT J AU He, XQ Wang, LP Szklarz, G Bi, YY Ma, Q AF He, Xiaoqing Wang, Liping Szklarz, Grazyna Bi, Yongyi Ma, Qiang TI Resveratrol Inhibits Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress and Fibrogenic Response by Activating the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Pathway SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; INDUCED LUNG INJURY; PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; MICE LACKING; EXPRESSION; PROTECTION; RATS; CARCINOGENESIS AB Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an antioxidant-activated transcription factor that recently emerged as a critical regulator of cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory lesions. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural phytoalexin that exhibits multiple therapeutic potentials, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in animals. Paraquat (PQ) is the second most widely used herbicide worldwide, but it selectively accumulates in human lungs to cause oxidative injury and fibrosis with high mortality. Here, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of the fibrogenic response to PQ and its inhibition by Res and Nrf2. PQ dose-dependently caused toxicity in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), resulting in mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and cell death. Res at 10 mu M markedly inhibited PQ toxicity. PQ at 10 mu M stimulated production of inflammatory and profibrogenic factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor beta 1) and induced the transformation of normal human lung fibroblasts (WI38-VA13) to myofibroblasts; both effects were inhibited by Res. Res strongly activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and induced antioxidant response element-dependent cytoprotective genes. On the other hand, knockout or knockdown of Nrf2 markedly increased PQ-induced cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and myofibroblast transformation and abolished protection by Res. The findings demonstrate that Res attenuates PQ-induced reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, and fibrotic reactions by activating Nrf2 signaling. The study reveals a new pathway for molecular intervention against pulmonary oxidative injury and fibrosis. C1 [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Wang, Liping; Szklarz, Grazyna] W Virginia Univ, Sch Pharm, Dept Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wang, Liping; Bi, Yongyi] Wuhan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop 3014,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 49 TC 47 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 342 IS 1 BP 81 EP 90 DI 10.1124/jpet.112.194142 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 960NO UT WOS:000305395400010 PM 22493042 ER PT J AU Magnet, A Galvan, AL Fenoy, S Izquierdo, F Rueda, C Vadillo, CF Perez-Irezabal, J Bandyopadhyay, K Visvesvara, GS da Silva, AJ del Aguila, C AF Magnet, A. Galvan, A. L. Fenoy, S. Izquierdo, F. Rueda, C. Fernandez Vadillo, C. Perez-Irezabal, J. Bandyopadhyay, K. Visvesvara, G. S. da Silva, A. J. del Aguila, C. TI Molecular characterization of Acanthamoeba isolated in water treatment plants and comparison with clinical isolates SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC ACANTHAMOEBA; RIBOSOMAL DNA GENOTYPE; CONTACT-LENS SOLUTION; DRINKING-WATER; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; KERATITIS PATIENTS; CANARY-ISLANDS; BRAIN-TISSUE AB A total of 116 samples (44 clinical specimens and 72 environmental samples) have been analyzed for the presence of Acanthamoeba. The environmental samples (ESs) were collected from four drinking water treatment plants (DWTP, n = 32), seven wastewater treatment plants (n = 28), and six locations of influence (n = 12) on four river basins from the central area of Spain (winter-spring 2008). Water samples were concentrated by using the IDEXX Filta-Max(A (R)) system. Acanthamoeba was identified in 65 of the 72 ESs by culture isolation (90.3%) and 63 by real-time PCR (87.5%), resulting in all sampling points (100%) positive for Acanthamoeba when considering both techniques and all the time period analyzed. Nine of the 44 clinical specimens were positive for Acanthamoeba. Seventeen Acanthamoeba strains (eight from four DWTP and nine from clinical samples) were also established in axenic-PYG medium. Twenty-four of the ESs and the 17 Acanthamoeba sp. strains were genotyped as T4/1, T4/8, and T4/9. The eight strains isolated from the DWTP samples were inoculated in nude mouse to ascertain their potential pathogenicity in this model. Animals that were inoculated died or showed central nervous system symptoms 9 days post-inoculation. Examination of immunofluorescence-stained brain and lung tissue sections showed multiple organisms invading both tissues, and re-isolation of throphozoites was successful in these tissues of all infected animals. For the first time, potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba T4 has been detected in 100% of different types of water samples including tap water and sewage effluents in the central area of Spain suggesting a potential health threat for humans especially for the contact lens wearers. C1 [del Aguila, C.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Madrid 28668, Spain. [Magnet, A.; Galvan, A. L.; Fenoy, S.; Izquierdo, F.; Rueda, C.; Fernandez Vadillo, C.; del Aguila, C.] San Pablo CEU Univ, Parasitol Lab, Madrid, Spain. [Galvan, A. L.] Univ Antioquia, Grp Parasitol, Escuela Microbiol, Medellin, Colombia. [Perez-Irezabal, J.] Hosp Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain. [Bandyopadhyay, K.; da Silva, A. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Visvesvara, G. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP del Aguila, C (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Madrid 28668, Spain. EM cagupue@ceu.es RI Magnet, Angela/G-5325-2013; del Aguila, Carmen/A-6063-2016; Fenoy, Soledad /A-9633-2016 OI Magnet, Angela/0000-0002-8642-4343; del Aguila, Carmen/0000-0003-0063-7899; Fenoy, Soledad /0000-0002-5218-6308 FU Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FISS) [PI061593]; Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo CEU [PC 04/07]; Colciencias [Antioquia University (Colombia)]; Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo CEU FX The authors are indebted to Sergio Llorens for his valuable technical assistance, to Brian Crilly for helpful revision of the manuscript, to Santiago Angulo for their participation on the discussion of the results, and to Francisco J. Carrillo for help in artwork. We would like to thank Canal Isabel II, especially Carmen Gordo and Joseba Inaki Urrutia for their help in designing and carrying out the sampling collection and also for their useful discussion of the results. This work was funded by grant PI061593 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FISS) and by grant PC 04/07 of the Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo CEU. Ana Luz Galvan was supported in Spain by an overseas fellowship from Colciencias [Antioquia University (Colombia)]. Angela Magnet was supported by an undergraduate and a predoctoral fellowship from Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo CEU. NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.1007/s00436-012-2849-2 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 962HE UT WOS:000305532700042 PM 22395660 ER PT J AU Shenson, D Anderson, L Slonim, A Benson, W AF Shenson, Douglas Anderson, Lynda Slonim, Amy Benson, William TI Vaccinations and preventive screening services for older adults: opportunities and challenges in the USA SO PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE clinical preventive services; cancer screening and prevention; vaccinations; surveillance; preventive health services; preventive medicine; elderly; behavioural risk factor surveillance system; medical system; older adults ID HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; CLINICS; PROGRAM; IMPACT AB Vaccinations and disease-screening services occupy an important position within the constellation of interventions designed to prevent, forestall or mitigate illness: they straddle the worlds of clinical medicine and public health. This paper focuses on a set of clinical preventive services that are recommended in the USA for adults aged 65 and older, based on their age and gender. These services include immunisations against influenza and pneumococcal disease, and screening for colorectal and breast cancers. We explore opportunities and challenges to enhance the delivery of these interventions, and describe some recently developed models for integrating prevention efforts based in clinician offices and in communities. We also report on a state-level surveillance measure that assesses whether older adults are 'up to date' on this subset of preventive services. To better protect the health of older Americans and change the projected trajectory of medical costs, expanded delivery of recommended vaccinations and disease screenings is likely to remain a focus for both US medicine and public health. C1 [Shenson, Douglas] Sickness Prevent Achieved Reg Collaborat SPARC, Newton, MA USA. [Shenson, Douglas] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Anderson, Lynda] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Lynda] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Anderson, Lynda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benson, William] Hlth Benefits ABCs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Slonim, Amy] AARP, Washington, DC USA. RP Shenson, D (reprint author), Sickness Prevent Achieved Reg Collaborat SPARC, Newton, MA USA. EM douglas.shenson@yale.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1757-9139 J9 PERSPECT PUBLIC HEAL JI Perspect. Public Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 132 IS 4 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1177/1757913912444850 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 963GF UT WOS:000305607600020 PM 22729006 ER PT J AU Dorkenoo, AM Bronzan, RN Ayena, KD Anthony, G Agbo, YM Sognikin, KSE Dogbe, KS Amza, A Sodahlon, Y Mathieu, E AF Dorkenoo, A. M. Bronzan, R. N. Ayena, K. D. Anthony, G. Agbo, Y. M. Sognikin, K. S. E. Dogbe, K. S. Amza, A. Sodahlon, Y. Mathieu, E. TI Nationwide integrated mapping of three neglected tropical diseases in Togo: countrywide implementation of a novel approach SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE integrated mapping; mass drug administration; neglected tropical diseases; schistosomiasis; soil-transmitted helminthes; trachoma; cartographie integree; administration massive de medicaments; maladies tropicales negligees; schistosomiase; geohelminthiases; trachome; mapeo integrado; administracion masiva de medicacion; enfermedades tropicales desatendidas; esquistosomiasis; helmintos transmitidos por la tierra; tracoma AB Objective To conduct a nationwide integrated neglected tropical disease (NTD) prevalence survey to define the need for public health interventions using an innovative mapping protocol. Methods Two villages were selected in every peripheral health unit in endemic districts: 29 districts for schistosomiasis and STH, 15 of them for trachoma. In each village, 15 children aged 69 years at a randomly selected school were tested. An additional convenience sample of 35 children aged 15 years underwent an eye examination for trachoma. This integrated mapping was followed by a 20-cluster trachoma survey in each district that surpassed the WHO-defined threshold of 10% prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF). Results A total of 1096 villages were surveyed in <6 weeks. The district prevalence of schistosomiasis ranged from 2 to 49% and of STH from 5 to 70%, with prevalence at the village level ranging from 0 to 100% for both diseases. Two districts passed the threshold of 10% for active trachoma, but the cluster survey indicated this was because of misclassification bias and that the real prevalence was <1%. Conclusion Results of this mapping were used by the MoH and partners to plan integrated mass drug administration (MDA). Mass drug administration for trachoma was not implemented as no district passed the threshold requiring public health intervention. C1 [Mathieu, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dorkenoo, A. M.; Ayena, K. D.; Agbo, Y. M.; Sognikin, K. S. E.; Dogbe, K. S.] Minist Hlth, Lome, Togo. [Dorkenoo, A. M.; Ayena, K. D.; Agbo, Y. M.] Univ Lome, Fac Mixte Med & Pharm, Lome, Togo. [Sodahlon, Y.] Mectizan Donat Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mathieu, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov FU RTI/USAID FX This work was possible through generous funding from RTI/USAID. We want to thank the staff from the Ministries of Health and the population who participated in this study. We also thank Caitlin Worrell for assistance with the graphics and Stephanie Lee for assistance with the fieldwork. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 17 IS 7 BP 896 EP 903 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03004.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 962BH UT WOS:000305513700013 PM 22594642 ER PT J AU Wang, HP Moon, S Wang, YH Jiang, BM AF Wang, Houping Moon, Sungsil Wang, Yuhuan Jiang, Baoming TI Multiple virus infection alters rotavirus replication and expression of cytokines and Toll-like receptors in intestinal epithelial cells SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus; Astrovirus; Enterovirus; Interference; Cytokine; Toll-like receptor ID ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; CACO-2 CELLS; KAPPA-B; INTERFERENCE; DIARRHEA; INFANTS; EFFICACY; SAFETY; GENE; INTUSSUSCEPTION AB Two live oral rotavirus vaccines have shown to be effective in protecting young children from severe illness in developed and middle income countries, but their efficacy is significantly lower in low income countries. One of the reasons for this lower efficacy may be mixed virus infection in the gut that is commonly encountered among infants in the developing world. We investigated whether multiple virus infection interferes with rotavirus replication and alters host response by comparing single and mixed enteric virus infections in Caco-2 cells. We observed a dramatic reduction in rotavirus replication and growth in mixed rotavirus, astrovirus and enterovirus infection compared to single rotavirus infection. By contrast, the levels of astrovirus and enterovirus RNA in mixed infection remained unchanged when compared to those of the corresponding single virus infection. We then examined cells with single or multiple virus infections for the expression of 10 cytokine genes and demonstrated elevated expressions for 7 (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17) in dual rotavirus and enterovirus or triple rotavirus, enterovirus and astrovirus-infected cells but only 3 (IFN-beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-8) in dual rotavirus and astrovirus-infected cells. We further observed elevated levels of TLR4, TLR5, TLR7 and TLR9 mRNAs in cells with rotavirus and enterovirus or rotavirus, enterovirus and astrovirus infections when compared to single rotavirus infections. Our data suggest that rotavirus infection is susceptible to interference by other enteric viruses in the gut, which could result in reduced virus replication and contribute to lower immunogenicity and efficacy of oral rotavirus vaccines in low income countries. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wang, Houping; Moon, Sungsil; Wang, Yuhuan; Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 167 IS 1 BP 48 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.04.001 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 961VD UT WOS:000305496700007 PM 22497974 ER PT J AU Tao, Y Tang, K Shi, M Conrardy, C Li, KSM Lau, SKP Anderson, LJ Tong, SX AF Tao, Ying Tang, Kevin Shi, Mang Conrardy, Christina Li, Kenneth S. M. Lau, Susanna K. P. Anderson, Larry J. Tong, Suxiang TI Genomic characterization of seven distinct bat coronaviruses in Kenya SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Coronavirus; Novel; Genome sequence; Bat; Kenya ID RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME-CORONAVIRUS; RECEPTOR-BINDING DOMAIN; CHINESE HORSESHOE BATS; SPIKE GLYCOPROTEIN; AVIAN CORONAVIRUSES; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; RECOMBINATION; VIRUS AB To better understand the genetic diversity and genomic features of 41 coronaviruses (CoVs) identified from Kenya bats in 2006, seven CoVs as representatives of seven different phylogenetic groups identified from partial polymerase gene sequences, were subjected to extensive genomic sequencing. As a result, 15-16 kb nucleotide sequences encoding complete RNA dependent RNA polymerase, spike, envelope, membrane, and nucleocapsid proteins plus other open reading frames (ORFs) were generated. Sequences analysis confirmed that the CoVs from Kenya bats are divergent members of Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus genera. Furthermore, the CoVs BtKY22, BtKY41, and BtKY43 in Alphacoronavirus genus and BtKY24 in Betacoronavirus genus are likely representatives of 4 novel Coy species. BtKY27 and BtKY33 are members of the established bat Coy species in Alphacoronavirus genus and BtKY06 is a member of the established bat CoV species in Betacoronavirus genus. The genome organization of these seven CoVs is similar to other known CoVs from the same groups except for differences in the number of putative ORFs following the N gene. The present results confirm a significant diversity of CoVs circulating in Kenya bats. These Kenya bat CoVs are phylogenetically distant from any previously described human and animal CoVs. However, because of the examples of host switching among CoVs after relatively minor sequence changes in S1 domain of spike protein, a further surveillance in animal reservoirs and understanding the interface between host susceptibility is critical for predicting and preventing the potential threat of bat CoVs to public health. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tao, Ying; Shi, Mang; Conrardy, Christina; Anderson, Larry J.; Tong, Suxiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tang, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Biotechnol Core Facil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Kenneth S. M.; Lau, Susanna K. P.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Microbiol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Tong, SX (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sot1@cdc.gov RI Shi, Mang/D-5118-2013 FU CDC (Atlanta, GA) FX We thank Ivan Kuzmin, Michael Niezgoda, and Charles E. Rupprecht from Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, CDC, Atlanta, GA; Robert F. Breiman from Global Disease Detection Division, CDC-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; and Bernard Agwanda from National Museum, Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya for excellent technical and logistical assistance and field study. The study was supported in part by the Global Disease Detection program of CDC (Atlanta, GA). NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 167 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.04.007 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 961VD UT WOS:000305496700009 PM 22561208 ER PT J AU Parrott, DJ Tharp, AT Swartout, KM Miller, CA Hall, GCN George, WH AF Parrott, Dominic J. Tharp, Andra Teten Swartout, Kevin M. Miller, Cameron A. Hall, Gordon C. Nagayama George, William H. TI Validity for an Integrated Laboratory Analogue of Sexual Aggression and Bystander Intervention SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE sexual aggression; bystander behaviors; alcohol; peer influence ID RAPE MYTH ACCEPTANCE; VIOLENCE PREVENTION; SOCIAL NORMS; DANGEROUS EMERGENCIES; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; WOMEN; PARADIGMS; STUDENTS; PROGRAM AB This study sought to develop and validate an integrated laboratory paradigm of sexual aggression and bystander intervention. Participants were a diverse community sample (54% African American) of heterosexual males (N=156) between 21 and 35 years of age who were recruited to complete the study with a male friend and an ostensibly single, heterosexual female who reported a strong dislike of sexual content in the media. Participants viewed a sexually explicit or nonsexually explicit film clip as part of contrived media rating task and made individual choices of which film clip to show the female confederate. Immediately thereafter, participants were required to reach consensus on a group decision of which film clip to show the female confederate. Subjecting a target to an unwanted experience with a sexual connotation was operationalized as selection of the sexually explicit video, whereas successful bystander intervention was operationalized as the event of one partner individually selecting the sexually explicit video but then selecting the nonsexually explicit video for the group choice. Results demonstrated that a 1-year history of sexual aggression and endorsement of pertinent misogynistic attitudes significantly predicted selection of the sexually-explicit video. In addition, bystander efficacy significantly predicted men's successful prevention of their male peer's intent to show the female confederate a sexually explicit video. Discussion focused on how these data inform future research and bystander intervention programming for sexual aggression. Aggr. Behav. 38:309321, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Parrott, Dominic J.; Swartout, Kevin M.; Miller, Cameron A.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Tharp, Andra Teten] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Gordon C. Nagayama] Univ Oregon, Dept Psychol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [George, William H.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Parrott, DJ (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM parrott@gsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Georgia State University; Centers for Disease Control FX Grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Grant Sponsor: Georgia State University.; This research was supported by a joint grant by the Centers for Disease Control and Georgia State University. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0096-140X J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 38 IS 4 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1002/ab.21429 PG 13 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA 957QP UT WOS:000305178100007 PM 22549741 ER PT J AU Underwood, JM Rim, SH Fairley, TL Tai, E Stewart, SL AF Underwood, J. Michael Rim, Sun Hee Fairley, Temeika L. Tai, Eric Stewart, Sherri L. TI Cervical cancer survivors at increased risk of subsequent tobacco-related malignancies, United States 1992-2008 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Second primary neoplasms; Uterine cervical neoplasms; Epidemiology; Tobacco ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; 2ND CANCERS; SMOKING; PREVALENCE; REGISTRIES; MORTALITY; INFECTION; WOMEN AB Persistent smoking among cancer survivors may increase their risk of subsequent malignancies, including tobacco-related malignancies. Despite these risks, nearly 40 % of women diagnosed with cervical cancer continue to smoke after diagnosis. This study describes the relative risk of developing any subsequent and tobacco-related malignancy among cervical cancer survivors. We examined data from the year 1992 to 2008 in 13 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries. We calculated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and 95 % confidence limits (CLs) for all subsequent and tobacco-related malignancies among cervical cancer survivors. Tobacco-related malignancies were defined according to the 2004 Surgeon General's Report on the Health Consequences of Smoking. For comparison with cervical cancer survivors, SIRs for subsequent malignancies were also calculated for female survivors of breast or colorectal cancers. The SIR of developing a subsequent tobacco-related malignancy was higher among cervical cancer survivors (SIR = 2.2, 95 % CL = 2.0-2.4). Female breast (SIR = 1.1, 95 % CL = 1.0-1.1) and colorectal cancer survivors (1.1, 1.1-1.2) also had an elevated risk. The increased risk of a subsequent tobacco-related malignancy among cervical cancer survivors was greatest in the first 5 years after the initial diagnosis and decreased as time since diagnosis elapsed. Women with cervical cancer have a two-fold increased risk of subsequent tobacco-related malignancies, compared with breast and colorectal cancer survivors. In an effort to decrease their risk of subsequent tobacco-related malignancies, cancer survivors should be targeted for tobacco prevention and cessation services. Special attention should be given to cervical cancer survivors whose risk is almost twice that of breast or colorectal cancer survivors. C1 [Underwood, J. Michael; Rim, Sun Hee; Fairley, Temeika L.; Tai, Eric; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Underwood, J. Michael; Rim, Sun Hee; Fairley, Temeika L.; Tai, Eric; Stewart, Sherri L.] Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Underwood, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmunderwood@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUL PY 2012 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1009 EP 1016 DI 10.1007/s10552-012-9957-2 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 953WW UT WOS:000304905400002 PM 22588679 ER PT J AU Keku, TO Vidal, A Oliver, S Hoyo, C Hall, IJ Omofoye, O McDoom, M Worley, K Galanko, J Sandler, RS Millikan, R AF Keku, Temitope O. Vidal, Adriana Oliver, Shannon Hoyo, Catherine Hall, Ingrid J. Omofoye, Oluwaseun McDoom, Maya Worley, Kendra Galanko, Joseph Sandler, Robert S. Millikan, Robert TI Genetic variants in IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, and adiponectin genes and colon cancer risk in African Americans and Whites SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Insulin; IGF; Polymorphism; Colon cancer; African Americans ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; BINDING PROTEIN-3; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PROSTATE-CANCER; PLASMA-INSULIN; BODY-SIZE; C-PEPTIDE AB Evaluating genetic susceptibility may clarify effects of known environmental factors and also identify individuals at high risk. We evaluated the association of four insulin-related pathway gene polymorphisms in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) (CA) (n) repeat, insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-II) (rs680), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) (rs2854744), and adiponectin (APM1 rs1501299) with colon cancer risk, as well as relationships with circulating IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, and C-peptide in a population-based study. Participants were African Americans (231 cases and 306 controls) and Whites (297 cases, 530 controls). Consenting subjects provided blood specimens and lifestyle/diet information. Genotyping for all genes except IGF-I was performed by the 5'-exonuclease (Taqman) assay. The IGF-I (CA) (n) repeat was assayed by PCR and fragment analysis. Circulating proteins were measured by enzyme immunoassays. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression. The IGF-I (CA) (19) repeat was higher in White controls (50 %) than African American controls (31 %). Whites homozygous for the IGF-I (CA)(19) repeat had a nearly twofold increase in risk of colon cancer (OR = 1.77; 95 % CI = 1.15-2.73), but not African Americans (OR = 0.73, 95 % CI 0.50-1.51). We observed an inverse association between the IGF-II Apa1 A-variant and colon cancer risk (OR = 0.49, 95 % CI 0.28-0.88) in Whites only. Carrying the IGFBP-3 variant alleles was associated with lower IGFBP-3 protein levels, a difference most pronounced in Whites (p-trend < 0.05). These results support an association between insulin pathway-related genes and elevated colon cancer risk in Whites but not in African Americans. C1 [Keku, Temitope O.; Omofoye, Oluwaseun; McDoom, Maya; Galanko, Joseph; Sandler, Robert S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Gastrointestinal Biol & Dis, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Vidal, Adriana; Hoyo, Catherine] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Oliver, Shannon] Johnson Smith Univ, Charlotte, NC USA. [Hall, Ingrid J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Worley, Kendra; Millikan, Robert] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Keku, TO (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Gastrointestinal Biol & Dis, Dept Med, CB 7032,7430-C Med Biomol Res Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM tokeku@med.unc.edu FU National Institutes of Health [K01 CA93654, P30 DK 034987, R01 CA 66635, P50 CA 106991]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) FX This project was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health K01 CA93654, P30 DK 034987 and R01 CA 66635, P50 CA 106991 and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) support for the UNC Program in Minority access to Biomedical Science (PMABs). NR 84 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 EI 1573-7225 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUL PY 2012 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1138 DI 10.1007/s10552-012-9981-2 PG 12 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 953WW UT WOS:000304905400014 PM 22565227 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Garg, S Yu, PA Kim, HJ Patel, A Merlin, T Redd, S Uyeki, TM AF Yu, Yon Garg, Shikha Yu, Patricia A. Kim, Hye-Joo Patel, Anita Merlin, Toby Redd, Stephen Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Peramivir Use for Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Under Emergency Use Authorization, October 2009-June 2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTRAVENOUS PERAMIVIR; VIRUS-INFECTION; A H1N1; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; OSELTAMIVIR AB Background. In response to the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (pH1N1) pandemic, peramivir, an investigational intravenous neuraminidase inhibitor, was made available for treatment of hospitalized patients with pH1N1 in the United States under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) implemented a program to manage peramivir distribution to requesting clinicians under EUA. We describe results of the CDC's peramivir program and 3 related surveys. Methods. We analyzed data on peramivir requests made by clinicians to the CDC through an electronic request system. Three surveys were administered to enhance clinician compliance with adverse event reporting, to conduct product accountability, and to collect data on peramivir-treated patients. Descriptive analyses were performed, and 2-source capture-recapture analysis based on the 3 surveys was used to estimate the number of patients who received peramivir through the EUA. Results. From 23 October 2009 to 23 June 2010, CDC received 1371 clinician requests for peramivir and delivered 2129 five-day adult treatment course equivalents of peramivir to 563 hospitals. Based on survey responses, at least 1274 patients (median age, 43 years; range, 0-92 years; 49% male) received >= 1 doses of peramivir (median duration, 6 days). Capture-recapture analysis yielded estimates for the potential total number of peramivir recipients ranging from 1185 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1076-1293) to 1490 (95% CI, 1321-1659). Conclusions. Approximately 1274 hospitalized patients received peramivir through EUA program during the pH1N1 pandemic. Further analyses are needed to assess the clinical effectiveness of peramivir treatment of hospitalized patients with pH1N1. C1 [Yu, Yon; Yu, Patricia A.; Kim, Hye-Joo] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garg, Shikha; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Anita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Merlin, Toby] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redd, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Director, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yu, Y (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop C-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fkb8@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 8 EP 15 DI 10.1093/cid/cis352 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 956KM UT WOS:000305088500003 PM 22491506 ER PT J AU Loharikar, A Newton, A Rowley, P Wheeler, C Bruno, T Barillas, H Pruckler, J Theobald, L Lance, S Brown, JM Barzilay, EJ Arvelo, W Mintz, E Fagan, R AF Loharikar, Anagha Newton, Anna Rowley, Patricia Wheeler, Charlotte Bruno, Tami Barillas, Haroldo Pruckler, James Theobald, Lisa Lance, Susan Brown, Jeffrey M. Barzilay, Ezra J. Arvelo, Wences Mintz, Eric Fagan, Ryan TI Typhoid Fever Outbreak Associated With Frozen Mamey Pulp Imported From Guatemala to the Western United States, 2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FLORIDA; TRAVEL AB Background. Fifty-four outbreaks of domestically acquired typhoid fever were reported between 1960 and 1999. In 2010, the Southern Nevada Health District detected an outbreak of typhoid fever among persons who had not recently travelled abroad. Methods. We conducted a case-control study to examine the relationship between illness and exposures. A case was defined as illness with the outbreak strain of Salmonella serotype Typhi, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), with onset during 2010. Controls were matched by neighborhood, age, and sex. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were completed using logistic regression. Traceback investigation was completed. Results. We identified 12 cases in 3 states with onset from 15 April 2010 to 4 September 2010. The median age of case patients was 18 years (range, 4-48 years), 8 (67%) were female, and 11 (92%) were Hispanic. Nine (82%) were hospitalized; none died. Consumption of frozen mamey pulp in a fruit shake was reported by 6 of 8 case patients (75%) and none of the 33 controls (matched odds ratio, 33.9; 95% confidence interval, 4.9). Traceback investigations implicated 2 brands of frozen mamey pulp from a single manufacturer in Guatemala, which was also implicated in a 1998-1999 outbreak of typhoid fever in Florida. Conclusions. Reporting of individual cases of typhoid fever and subtyping of isolates by PFGE resulted in rapid detection of an outbreak associated with a ready-to-eat frozen food imported from a typhoid-endemic region. Improvements in food manufacturing practices and monitoring will prevent additional outbreaks. C1 [Loharikar, Anagha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna; Pruckler, James; Theobald, Lisa; Barzilay, Ezra J.; Mintz, Eric; Fagan, Ryan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lance, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Food & Drug Adm Liaison, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowley, Patricia; Bruno, Tami] Nevada Dept Hlth, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Wheeler, Charlotte] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Brown, Jeffrey M.] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. [Barillas, Haroldo] Guatemalan Minist Publ Hlth & Welf, Field Epidemiol Training Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences] Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Int Emerging Infect Program, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Loharikar, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM anagha.loharikar@gmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC employs some of the authors, who were involved in study design and analysis of data, and some of the authors are employed by local and state health departments. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 55 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1093/cid/cis296 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 956KM UT WOS:000305088500010 PM 22423132 ER PT J AU Sonnenberg, A Walker, JT AF Sonnenberg, Amnon Walker, James T. TI Occupational mortality associated with inflammatory bowel disease in the United States 1984-1998 SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Crohn's disease; environmental risk factors; epidemiology; industry; occupation; occupational mortality statistics; proportional mortality ratio; ulcerative colitis ID CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS AB Background: The occurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is shaped by environmental influences. Many such environmental risk factors vary potentially with occupational exposure. We used a large national database to study the occupational variation of mortality associated with CD and UC. Methods: The National Occupational Mortality Surveillance database contains data from the death certificate linked with information about the occupation and industry of each deceased individual. Deaths were grouped by gender, ethnicity, disease type, occupation, and industry. Mortality by occupation and industry were expressed as age-adjusted proportional mortality ratio. Results: A total of 3110 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients were included in the present analysis. IBD mortality was low among blue collar workers and high among white collar workers. It was low among farming occupations, manufacturing occupations, and manual laborers. It was high among secretaries, professionals, sales workers, homemakers, managerial occupations, and teachers. There was a strong correlation between the occupational distribution of CD and UC that applied to men and women alike. The overall distribution among different industries corroborated the patterns observed with respect to the occupational distribution. Conclusions: The correlations between the occupational distribution of CD and UC support the contention that environmental influences shape the occurrence of both diseases. Such influence must vary by occupation and, to a lesser extent, also by industry. It must be similar for both types of IBD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;) C1 [Sonnenberg, Amnon] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. [Sonnenberg, Amnon] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Walker, James T.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Sonnenberg, A (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, P3 GI,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM sonnenbe@ohsu.edu NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1078-0998 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1249 EP 1253 DI 10.1002/ibd.21807 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 956IP UT WOS:000305083600010 PM 21710539 ER PT J AU Krahn, G AF Krahn, G. TI Health disparities and intellectual disabilities: What do we know? What must we do? SO JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Krahn, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM gfk2@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-2633 J9 J INTELL DISABIL RES JI J. Intell. Disabil. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 56 IS 7-8 SI SI BP 655 EP 655 PG 1 WC Education, Special; Genetics & Heredity; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Genetics & Heredity; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Rehabilitation GA 960KH UT WOS:000305386000003 ER PT J AU Desrosiers, TA Lawson, CC Meyer, RE Richardson, DB Daniels, JL Waters, MA van Wijngaarden, E Langlois, PH Romitti, PA Correa, A Olshan, A AF Desrosiers, Tania A. Lawson, Christina C. Meyer, Robert E. Richardson, David B. Daniels, Julie L. Waters, Martha A. van Wijngaarden, Edwin Langlois, Peter H. Romitti, Paul A. Correa, Adolfo Olshan, A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents during early pregnancy and risks of neural tube defects and orofacial clefts SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BIRTH-DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ORAL CLEFTS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; GLYCOL ETHERS; TERATOGENESIS; PREVENTION; MECHANISM; ISSUES AB Objectives Though toxicological experiments demonstrate the teratogenicity of organic solvents in animal models, epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results. Using data from the population-based National Birth Defects Prevention Study, the authors examined the relation between maternal occupational exposure to aromatic solvents, chlorinated solvents and Stoddard solvent during early pregnancy and neural tube defects (NTDs) and orofacial clefts (OFCs). Methods Cases of NTDs (anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocoele) and OFCs (cleft lip +/- cleft palate and cleft palate alone) delivered between 1997 and 2002 were identified by birth defect surveillance registries in eight states; non-malformed control infants were selected using birth certificates or hospital records. Maternal solvent exposure was estimated by industrial hygienist review of self-reported occupational histories in combination with a literature-derived exposure database. ORs and 95% CIs for the association between solvent class and each birth defect group and component phenotype were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, pre-pregnancy body mass index, folic acid supplement use and smoking. Results The prevalence of exposure to any solvent among mothers of NTD cases (n=511), OFC cases (n=1163) and controls (n=2977) was 13.1%, 9.6% and 8.2%, respectively. Exposure to chlorinated solvents was associated with increased odds of NTDs (OR=1.96, CI 1.34 to 2.87), especially spina bifida (OR=2.26, CI 1.44 to 3.53). No solvent class was strongly associated with OFCs in these data. Conclusions The findings suggest that maternal occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents during early pregnancy is positively associated with the prevalence of NTDs in offspring. C1 [Desrosiers, Tania A.; Richardson, David B.; Daniels, Julie L.; Olshan, A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.; Meyer, Robert E.] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, State Ctr Hlth Stat, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Raleigh, NC USA. [Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [van Wijngaarden, Edwin] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Community & Preventat Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Desrosiers, TA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ta_desrosiers@unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CCU422096]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U50CCU422096) and in part by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126). NR 38 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 69 IS 7 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100245 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 958AI UT WOS:000305207900007 PM 22447643 ER PT J AU Bartholomay, P Iser, BPM de Oliveira, PPV dos Santos, TEHH Malta, DC Sobel, J de Moura, L AF Bartholomay, Patricia Moehlecke Iser, Betine Pinto Vasconcelos de Oliveira, Patricia Pereira Herc Holmer dos Santos, Tania Esther Malta, Deborah Carvalho Sobel, Jeremy de Moura, Lenildo TI Epidemiologic investigation of an occupational illness of tobacco harvesters in southern Brazil, a worldwide leader in tobacco production SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GREEN TOBACCO; NICOTINE ABSORPTION; LATINO FARMWORKERS; SICKNESS; EXPOSURE; COTININE; WORKERS; MIGRANT AB Objectives As part of smoking surveillance, the authors conducted an epidemiologic investigation in southern Brazil to identify the occurrence of Green Tobacco Sickness and risk factors for illness and to recommend control and prevention measures. Methods A 1:2 case-control study matched by subjects' smoking habits. The study population was residents of Candelaria, Rio Grande do Sul state, who farm tobacco and provided a urine sample for cotinine measurement by high-performance liquid chromatography. Confirmed cases were persons with compatible clinical presentation (headache, nausea, vomit, dizziness or weakness) and cotinine level >10 ng/ml. Controls were persons without compatible signs or symptoms. The association measure was the matched OR with 95% CIs and p<0.05. Results Of 33 confirmed cases, 64% were men, average age was 33 years (SD +/- 11.8 years) and 57% were landowners. Cases have had similar illness in the past and were likelier to be workers hired by farmers-landowners than controls. Multivariate analysis yielded independent association between these variables and illness, controlled for age and sex. Contact with pesticides and working with wet tobacco leaves were not associated with illness. Conclusions The authors confirmed Green Tobacco Sickness in southern Brazil; the authors recommend investigation of its prevalence in tobacco-growing regions and monitoring of and education about the disease and its prevention by occupational health authorities. C1 [Bartholomay, Patricia] Minist Hlth Brazil, Hlth Surveillance Secretariat, Field Epidemiol Training Program EPISUS, Setor Comercial S, BR-70304000 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Herc Holmer dos Santos, Tania Esther] State Hlth Secretariat, State Ctr Hlth Surveillance, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sobel, Jeremy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bartholomay, P (reprint author), Minist Hlth Brazil, Hlth Surveillance Secretariat, Field Epidemiol Training Program EPISUS, Setor Comercial S, Quadra 4,Bloco A,Edificio Principal,1 Andar, BR-70304000 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM patricia.bartholomay@saude.gov.br RI Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 69 IS 7 BP 514 EP 518 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100307 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 958AI UT WOS:000305207900010 PM 22539658 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Ma, C Feldkamp, ML Munger, RG Olney, RS Botto, LD Shaw, GM Correa, A AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Ma, Chen Feldkamp, Marcia L. Munger, Ronald G. Olney, Richard S. Botto, Lorenzo D. Shaw, Gary M. Correa, Adolfo TI Nutritional Factors and Hypospadias Risks SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypospadias; vegetarian; nutrition; vitamins ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; DIET QUALITY INDEX; ASCORBIC-ACID; CRYPTORCHIDISM; VEGETARIAN; PREGNANCY; ESTRADIOL; SURVIVAL; URETHRA; WOMEN AB Background: We examined whether hypospadias was associated with several aspects of the diet, including intake of animal products, intake of several nutrients and food groups related to a vegetarian diet and oestrogen metabolism, and diet quality. Methods: The study included deliveries from 1997 to 2005 that were part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire during maternal telephone interviews, and two diet quality indices were developed based on existing indices. Analyses included 1250 cases with second- or third-degree hypospadias (urethra opened at the penile shaft, scrotum or perineum) and 3118 male, liveborn, non-malformed controls. All odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals [CI] were estimated from logistic regression models that included several potential confounders, including energy intake. Results: Intake of animal products was not associated with hypospadias; for example, the adjusted OR for any vs. no intake of meat was 1.0 [95% CI 0.6, 1.6]. Frequency of intake of meat or other animal products was also not associated with hypospadias, nor was intake of iron or several nutrients that are potentially related to oestrogen metabolism. Diet quality was also not associated with hypospadias; the OR for diet quality in the highest vs. lowest quartile for the two diet quality indices were 1.0 [95% CI 0.6, 1.6] and 0.9 [95% CI 0.7, 1.1]. Conclusion: This large study does not support an association of a vegetarian diet or worse diet quality with hypospadias. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Botto, Lorenzo D.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Munger, Ronald G.] Utah State Univ, Dept Nutr Dietet & Food Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Olney, Richard S.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, 1265 Welch Rd,Rm X111, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM scarmichael@stanford.edu FU NIH [R03HD058873]; CDC [6U01DD000489]; University of North Carolina [DK56350] FX We thank the California Department of Public Health Maternal Child and Adolescent Health Diviion fsor providing data. This project was partially supported by NIH R03HD058873 and CDC 6U01DD000489. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the California Department of Public Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank the University of North Carolina Epidemiology Core for help with the nutrient database (Grant #DK56350). NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 353 EP 360 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01272.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 956WY UT WOS:000305121500013 PM 22686387 ER PT J AU Atladottir, HO Henriksen, TB Schendel, DE Parner, ET AF Atladottir, Hjordis O. Henriksen, Tine B. Schendel, Diana E. Parner, Erik T. TI Using Maternally Reported Data to Investigate the Association between Early Childhood Infection and Autism Spectrum Disorder: the Importance of Data Source SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autism; infection; questionnaire; hospitalization ID NATIONAL HOSPITAL REGISTER; DANISH; COHORT; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; EPILEPSY; TRENDS AB Background: Childhood infections have been found to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in previous studies using hospital data or medical records to identify infections. We aimed to replicate these findings using maternal reports of childhood infection. Methods: We used the Danish National Birth Cohort consisting of 92 583 live singletons born from 1997 to 2003 in Denmark. ASD diagnoses were retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register, and a total of 945 children from the cohort were diagnosed with ASD. Data were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression. We studied the association between ASD and maternal reports of infectious disease in the child from birth to 19 months. Furthermore, we performed secondary analyses using hospital registers to investigate the association between ASD and hospital contact in general as well as hospital contact for various infections. Results: We did not find a general association between maternal reports of infectious illness and ASD. However, hospital contact for all causes was associated with an increased risk for an ASD diagnosis. Danish children with ASD do not appear to have a general pattern of illness from infection in early life, but do have more contact with medical specialists for infections and other indications compared with the general population. Conculsion: Hospital data should be used cautiously when studying the co-morbidity of ASD; if the increased rate of hospital contact overall for children with ASD is not considered, then misleading interpretations might be made of observed associations between specific diseases and ASD. C1 [Atladottir, Hjordis O.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Aarhus, Denmark. [Parner, Erik T.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, Aarhus, Denmark. [Henriksen, Tine B.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Perinatal Epidemiol Res Unit, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Schendel, Diana E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Atladottir, HO (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Bartholin Alle 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. EM hoa@soci.au.dk FU Aarhus University Research Foundation; Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Familien Hede Nielsens Foundation FX Funding for this specific study was provided by the Aarhus University Research Foundation, the Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation and the Familien Hede Nielsens Foundation. The funding sources did not participate in any part of the performance of the study. The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency and the Danish National Board of Health. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 373 EP 385 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01296.x PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 956WY UT WOS:000305121500015 PM 22686389 ER PT J AU Lopez-Espinosa, MJ Fitz-Simon, N Bloom, MS Calafat, AM Fletcher, T AF Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose Fitz-Simon, Nicola Bloom, Michael S. Calafat, Antonia M. Fletcher, Tony TI Comparison between free serum thyroxine levels, measured by analog and dialysis methods, in the presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorooctanoate; PFOA; Perfluorooctane sulfonate; PFOS; Free thyroxine; FT4; Thyroid hormones ID PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PFOA CONCENTRATIONS; BINDING; EXPOSURE; PROTEINS; RAT; PARAMETERS; PREGNANCY; TOXICITY; ACID AB Results from animal studies have shown that negative associations between serum levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at concentrations much higher than those reported for any exposed population may be due to bias in analog methods used for measuring FT4. We aimed to assess if there is evidence of differences between human FT4 measurements in serum by an analog and a dialysis method due to the presence of PFOS or perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in a population of 50 adults with typical US serum PFOS concentrations but higher PFOA concentrations. Mean analog-dialysis difference was -0.02 (95% Cl = -0.06, 0.02). Regressing the difference between FT4 measurements on either PFOA or PFOS serum concentrations yielded slopes close to zero. The present findings do not indicate any observable bias from the use of the analog with respect to the dialysis method, across the range of PFOS and PFOA concentrations in this population. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose; Fitz-Simon, Nicola; Fletcher, Tony] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Social & Environm Hlth Res, London WC1H 9SH, England. [Bloom, Michael S.] SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 12114 USA. [Bloom, Michael S.] SUNY Albany, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 12114 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Lopez-Espinosa, MJ (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Social & Environm Hlth Res, 15-17 Tavistock Pl, London WC1H 9SH, England. EM maria-jose.lopez@lshtm.ac.uk; nicola.fitz-simon@lshtm.ac.uk; mbloom@albany.ed; aic7@cdc.gov; tony.fletcher@lshtm.ac.uk OI Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose/0000-0003-1202-8740; Bloom, Michael/0000-0002-0028-5494 FU DuPont; plaintiffs FX We thank the participants for their contributions to this study. This work was funded by the C8 Class Action Settlement Agreement (Circuit Court of Wood County, WV, USA) between DuPont and plaintiffs, which resulted from releases of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA, or C8) into drinking water. It is part of the research undertaken by the Court-approved C8 Science Panel established under the same Settlement Agreement. The task of the C8 Science Panel, of which Tony Fletcher is a member, is to undertake research in the Mid-Ohio Valley in order to evaluate the results and other available information to determine if there are any probable links between PFOA exposure and disease. Funds were administered by the Garden City Group (Melville, NY) that reports to the Court. The authors of this manuscript declare that their ability to design, conduct, interpret, or publish research was unimpeded by and fully independent of the court and/or settling parties. The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Ethics Committee approved this study. The involvement of the CDC laboratory was limited and determined not to constitute engagement in human subject research. We acknowledge the technical assistance of Kayoko Kato, Brian Basden and Tao Jia in measuring the serum concentrations of PFOS and PFOA, Amy Beierholm for manuscript editing, and Shu-Ching Chang for comments on the draft manuscript. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 552 EP 555 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.04.002 PG 4 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100014 PM 21530636 ER PT J AU Lewis, DA Chirwa, TF Msimang, VMY Radebe, FM Kamb, ML Firnhaber, CS AF Lewis, David A. Chirwa, Tobias F. Msimang, Veerle M. Y. Radebe, Frans M. Kamb, Mary L. Firnhaber, Cynthia S. TI Urethritis/Cervicitis Pathogen Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors Among Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Patients in South Africa SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PREVENTION STRATEGIES; TRANSMISSION; PEOPLE; HEALTH AB Background: To determine sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence, and patient characteristics associated with detection of urethritis/cervicitis pathogens, among HIV-infected individuals offered voluntary STI screening at a South African HIV treatment center. Methods: Individuals, asymptomatic for genital discharge, were screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections (real-time polymerase chain reaction assay), for syphilis and herpes simplex type 2 (serologically), and for bacterial vaginosis and Candida (microscopy, women only). Patients' most recent CD4 and viral load results were recorded. Demographic, clinical, and behavioral data were collected by nurse-administered questionnaire. Results: Compared with men (n = 551), women (n = 558) were younger (mean age, 35.0 vs. 37.9 years; P < 0.001), reported more STIs in the past year (65.5% vs. 56.5%; P = 0.002), had more urethritis/cervicitis pathogens detected (21.3% vs. 16.4%, P = 0.035), and were less aware of their partner's HIV status (53.1% vs. 62.3%; P = 0.007). The overall prevalence of individual urethritis/cervicitis pathogens was TV (7.6%), MG (6.1%), NG (5.4%), and C. trachomatis (2.1%). Multivariate analysis highlighted 4 significant factors associated with the detection of specific urethritis/cervicitis pathogens, namely female gender (TV, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-4.37), having a regular sexual partner in the past 3 months (NG, aOR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.01-5.08), suboptimal condom use with regular partners (TV, aOR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.25-3.42), and a history of genital warts in the past year (NG, 2.25, 95% CI: 1.26-4.03). Conclusions: Asymptomatic urethritis/cervicitis pathogens were highly prevalent in this population. Few urethritis/cervicitis pathogen-associated patient characteristics were identified, emphasizing the need for affordable STI diagnostics to screen HIV-infected patients. C1 [Lewis, David A.; Msimang, Veerle M. Y.; Radebe, Frans M.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr HIV & STIs, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Lewis, David A.; Firnhaber, Cynthia S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Internal Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Chirwa, Tobias F.] Univ Witwatersrand, Epidemiol & Biostat Div, Sch Publ Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Firnhaber, Cynthia S.] Right Care, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Lewis, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Ctr HIV & STIs, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM davidl@nicd.ac.za FU Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA [U62/CCU022901] FX Supported by PEPFAR funding awarded under Cooperative Agreement Number U62/CCU022901 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Department of Health and Human Services at the CDC and the National Centre for Global AIDS Prevention (NCHSTP). NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 39 IS 7 BP 531 EP 536 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31824cbecc PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 959SR UT WOS:000305333800008 PM 22706215 ER PT J AU Stramer, L Carrick, M Linnen, J Munoz-Jordan, L Hunsperger, E Foster, GA Boucher, C Miller, D Dickson, S Lanteri, C Bentsen, C AF Stramer, L. Carrick, M. Linnen, J. Munoz-Jordan, L. Hunsperger, E. Foster, G. A. Boucher, C. Miller, D. Dickson, S. Lanteri, C. Bentsen, C. TI COMPARING THE YIELD OF DENGUE VIREMIC BLOOD DONATIONS USING NS1 ANTIGEN (AG) AND NUCLEIC ACID TESTING (NAT) SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stramer, L.; Foster, G. A.; Boucher, C.] Amer Red Cross, Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Carrick, M.; Linnen, J.] Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Munoz-Jordan, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Hunsperger, E.] CDC, San Juan, PR USA. [Miller, D.; Dickson, S.] Amer Red Cross, Natl Testing Lab, Charlotte, NC USA. [Lanteri, C.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bentsen, C.] Biorad Labs, Redmond, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 103 SU 1 SI SI BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 960SP UT WOS:000305410601147 ER PT J AU Deverka, PA Schully, SD Ishibe, N Carlson, JJ Freedman, A Goddard, KAB Khoury, MJ Ramsey, SD AF Deverka, Patricia A. Schully, Sheri D. Ishibe, Naoko Carlson, Josh J. Freedman, Andrew Goddard, Katrina A. B. Khoury, Muin J. Ramsey, Scott D. TI Stakeholder assessment of the evidence for cancer genomic tests: insights from three case studies SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE EGFR testing; evidence-based decision making; genomic testing; Lynch syndrome; Oncotype DX; stakeholder engagement ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; AMERICAN SOCIETY; GENE-EXPRESSION; ONCOLOGY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; MEDICINE AB Purpose: Insufficient evidence on the net benefits and harms of genomic tests in real-world settings is a translational barrier for genomic medicine. Understanding stakeholders' assessment of the current evidence base for clinical practice and coverage decisions should be a critical step in influencing research, policy, and practice. Methods: Twenty-two stakeholders participated in a workshop exploring the evidence of genomic tests for clinical and coverage decision making. Stakeholders completed a survey prior to and during the meeting. They also discussed if they would recommend for or against current clinical use of each test. Results: At baseline, the level of confidence in the clinical validity and clinical utility of each test varied, although the group expressed greater confidence for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and Lynch syndrome testing than for Oncotype DX. Following the discussion, survey results reflected even less confidence for Oncotype DX and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation testing, but not for Lynch syndrome testing. The majority of stakeholders would consider clinical use for all three tests, but under the conditions of additional research or a shared clinical decision-making approach. Conclusion: Stakeholder engagement in unbiased settings is necessary to understand various perspectives about evidentiary thresholds in genomic medicine. Participants recommended the use of various methods for evidence generation and synthesis. C1 [Schully, Sheri D.; Ishibe, Naoko; Freedman, Andrew; Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Deverka, Patricia A.] Ctr Med Technol Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. [Carlson, Josh J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Goddard, Katrina A. B.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ramsey, Scott D.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Schully, SD (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM schullys@mail.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute (NCI); CANCER-GEN (Comparative Effectiveness Research in Cancer Genomics) through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act by the NCI, National Institutes of Health [RC2CA138570] FX Funding for the workshop was provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). This study was also supported, in part, by CANCER-GEN (Comparative Effectiveness Research in Cancer Genomics) through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 by the NCI, National Institutes of Health, under agency award no. RC2CA138570 (S.D.R., principal investigator). The authors acknowledge the contributions of Camilla Marie Benedicto, public health advisor, and Kelly Bennett, presidential management fellow, for their roles in planning the meeting. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 7 BP 656 EP 662 DI 10.1038/gim.2012.3 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 971YB UT WOS:000306241800004 PM 22481130 ER PT J AU Walsh, EC Horvath, KJ Fisher, H Courtenay-Quirk, C AF Walsh, Elizabeth C. Horvath, Keith J. Fisher, Holly Courtenay-Quirk, Cari TI The Experiences, Needs, and Internet Use of Women Recently Diagnosed With HIV SO JANAC-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF NURSES IN AIDS CARE LA English DT Article DE adult; attitude to health; female; psychology; HIV infections/diagnosis; HIV infections/psychology; health education; heterosexuality; Internet/utilization; interviews as topic ID UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL SUPPORT; POSITIVE MEN; HIV/AIDS; INDIVIDUALS; STRESS; IMPACT AB Women constitute an increasing proportion of persons diagnosed with HIV in the United States. From September 2007 through June 2008, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 women diagnosed with HIV in the previous 12 months to explore their experiences immediately following their diagnoses. Most women had at least a high school education (90%) and were African American (45%) or Hispanic (15%). Analysis of transcripts showed that: (a) many women were surprised by the diagnosis because they did not fit the profile of people at high risk for HIV, (b) obtaining social support immediately after an HIV diagnosis was a primary need, and (c) HIV had an impact on a woman's role in her family. We concluded that strategies are urgently needed to identify women at risk for HIV in a timely manner, and addressing the unique experiences and needs of women recently diagnosed with HIV is critical to their well-being. Copyright (C) 2012 Association of Nurses in AIDS Care C1 [Walsh, Elizabeth C.; Horvath, Keith J.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Fisher, Holly; Courtenay-Quirk, Cari] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Walsh, EC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5UR6PS000341] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement #5UR6PS000341. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1055-3290 J9 J ASSOC NURSE AIDS C JI J. Assoc. Nurses Aids Care PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 23 IS 4 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.jana.2011.07.004 PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 183NN UT WOS:000321823100008 PM 21924645 ER PT J AU Donado, C Duperly, J Lobelo, F Ramirez, A Montoya, E Cano, N Avila, A Sarmiento, OL Pratt, M AF Donado, Carolina Duperly, John Lobelo, Felipe Ramirez, Andrea Montoya, Eliana Cano, Natalia Avila, Andrea Sarmiento, Olga L. Pratt, Michael TI Prevalence of Risk Factors for Recreational Race-Associated Cardiovascular Events Among Runners in Bogota City SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Donado, Carolina; Duperly, John; Ramirez, Andrea; Montoya, Eliana; Cano, Natalia; Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Lobelo, Felipe; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Avila, Andrea] Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. EM g-donado@uniandes.edu.co NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 1551 BP 345 EP 346 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142901307 ER PT J AU Watson, KB Fulton, JE AF Watson, Kathleen B. Fulton, Janet E. TI Physical Activity Patterns among Youth in the United States SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Watson, Kathleen B.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM kwatson@bcm.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 1680 BP 391 EP 391 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142901436 ER PT J AU Lobelo, F Donado, C Duperly, J Sarmiento, OL Pratt, M Frank, E AF Lobelo, Felipe Donado, Carolina Duperly, John Sarmiento, Olga L. Pratt, Michael Frank, Erica TI Freshman Medical Students' Health and Fitness Levels Influence Their Attitudes Regarding Future Physical Activity Counseling SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lobelo, Felipe; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Donado, Carolina; Duperly, John; Sarmiento, Olga L.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Frank, Erica] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM rlobelo@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 2107 BP 546 EP 546 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142902219 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Carroll, DD McKinght-Leily, L Allen, KD AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Carroll, Dianna D. McKinght-Leily, Lela Allen, Kelli D. TI Physical Activity and Frequent Sleep Insufficiency Among US Adults with Arthritis SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Carroll, Dianna D.; McKinght-Leily, Lela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allen, Kelli D.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. EM jhootman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 2187 BP 576 EP 576 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142902299 ER PT J AU Boehmer, TK AF Boehmer, Tegan K. TI Summary of CDC Workshop on Physical Activity Guidelines and Air Pollution Exposure SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Boehmer, Tegan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM tboehmer@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 2191 BP 577 EP 577 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142902303 ER PT J AU Soares, J Brown, DR Lankford, T Wallace, J Hopkins, D AF Soares, Jesus Brown, David R. Lankford, Tina Wallace, Jana Hopkins, David TI Stand Alone Mass Media Campaigns to Increase Physical Activity: The Community Guide Task Force Conclusion SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Soares, Jesus; Brown, David R.; Lankford, Tina; Wallace, Jana; Hopkins, David] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jsoares@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 MA 2529 BP 693 EP 694 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142902630 ER PT J AU Brewer, L Carson, KA Jones, CP Cooper, LA AF Brewer, LaPrincess Carson, Kathryn A. Jones, Camara P. Cooper, Lisa A. TI THE ASSOCIATION OF RACE CONSCIOUSNESS WITH THE PATIENT-PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP, MEDICATION ADHERENCE, AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN URBAN PRIMARY CARE PATIENTS SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brewer, LaPrincess; Cooper, Lisa A.] Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Carson, Kathryn A.; Cooper, Lisa A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Jones, Camara P.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brewer, LaPrincess] Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 BP S316 EP S316 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142900517 ER PT J AU Hurley, L Crane, L Kennedy, ED O'Leary, ST Beaty, B Stokley, S Allison, MA Brtnikova, M Clinger, A Kempe, A AF Hurley, Laura Crane, Lori Kennedy, Erin D. O'Leary, Sean T. Beaty, Brenda Stokley, Shannon Allison, Mandy A. Brtnikova, Michaela Clinger, Andrea Kempe, Allison TI PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS' CURRENT PRACTICES REGARDING ADULT VACCINATION AND USE OF IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hurley, Laura] Denver Hlth & Hosp Author, Denver, CO USA. [Hurley, Laura; Crane, Lori; O'Leary, Sean T.; Beaty, Brenda; Allison, Mandy A.; Brtnikova, Michaela; Clinger, Andrea; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Kennedy, Erin D.; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allison, Mandy A.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 SU 2 BP S286 EP S287 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V35IG UT WOS:000209142900443 ER PT J AU Sharp, DS Andrew, ME Burchfiel, CM Violanti, JM Wactawski-Wende, J AF Sharp, Dan S. Andrew, Michael E. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Violanti, John M. Wactawski-Wende, Jean TI Body mass index versus dual energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived indexes: Predictors of cardiovascular and diabetic disease risk factors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; WOMEN; MEN; ASSOCIATION; AMERICAN; INDICES; OBESITY; WEIGHT; FAT AB Objectives: The body mass index (BMI), a ratio of weight/height2, dominates estimation of adiposity in population studies. BMI, however, does not distinguish among fat, muscle, or bone mass. Accordingly, its usage to assess and manage obesity in the population is limited. This study compares the use of BMI with direct measures of fat- and lean-mass to predict established cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors: blood pressure, lipids, and glucose. Methods: The entire Buffalo Police Department was the object of recruitment to a baseline study of physiological and psychological stress. Four hundred nine officers constitute the sample for this analysis. Regression methods focusing on explained variance in blood pressure, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and blood glucose compare the use of BMI to that of fat- and lean-mass indexes derived from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Results: DEXA indexes explain 1.6%3.3% (P < 0.05, all risk factors) more variance than BMI. Fat mass drives the association for blood pressure, trunk lean mass for HDL cholesterol, and both for blood glucose. High degrees of multicollinearity complicate interpretation of predictive models jointly containing BMI and DEXA indexes. Conclusions: In police officers, DEXA indexes are better predictors of cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors. However, populations with different distributions of fitness, diet, and health conditions may demonstrate differentfeatures. In contrast to BMI, DEXA-derived measurements suggest avenues to explore metabolic processes, which relate to an index's underlying association with risk and may suggest more effective intervention strategies. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Sharp, Dan S.; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Violanti, John M.; Wactawski-Wende, Jean] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Sharp, DS (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd MS4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM DSharp@cdc.gov FU NIOSH [200-2003-01580] FX Grant sponsor: NIOSH; Contract grant number: 200-2003-01580. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 400 EP 405 DI 10.1002/ajhb.22221 PG 6 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 954ZI UT WOS:000304986300002 PM 22275162 ER PT J AU Kasner, EJ Keralis, JM Mehler, L Beckman, J Bonnar-Prado, J Lee, SJ Diebolt-Brown, B Mulay, P Lackovic, M Waltz, J Schwartz, A Mitchell, Y Moraga-McHaley, S Roisman, R Gergely, R Calvert, GM AF Kasner, Edward J. Keralis, Jessica M. Mehler, Louise Beckman, John Bonnar-Prado, Joanne Lee, Soo-Jeong Diebolt-Brown, Brienne Mulay, Prakash Lackovic, Michelle Waltz, Justin Schwartz, Abby Mitchell, Yvette Moraga-McHaley, Stephanie Roisman, Rachel Gergely, Rita Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Gender differences in acute pesticide-related illnesses and injuries among farmworkers in the United States, 1998-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pesticides; agriculture; farmworker; gender differences; poisoning ID MOLECULAR NONGENETIC BIOMARKERS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; AGRICULTURAL-WORKERS; HELP-SEEKING; FARM-WORKERS; HEALTH; INDUCTION; WOMEN; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Background Farmworkers have a high risk for acute pesticide-related illness and injury, and the rate among female farmworkers is approximately twice as high as that among males. Surveillance data were used to identify reasons for this gender difference. Methods We identified acute pesticide-related illness and injury cases among farmworkers from the Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks (SENSOR)-Pesticides Program and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation. Gender-specific associations with acute pesticide-related illness and injury were assessed using chi-square tests. National Agricultural Workers Survey data were also examined. Results The over-representation of females among farmworker illness and injury cases was confined to females who did not handle pesticides (non-handlers). Female non-handler farmworkers who were affected were more likely to be working on fruit and nut crops, to be exposed to off-target pesticide drift, and to be exposed to fungicides and fumigants compared to males. Conclusions Although there is an increased risk for acute pesticide-related illness and injury among female farmworkers, the absolute number of farmworkers with acute pesticide-related illness and injury is far higher among males than females. Furthermore, farmworkers have little or no control over many of the identified contributing factors that led to illness and injury. Stringent enforcement of existing regulations and enhanced regulatory efforts to protect against off-target drift exposures may have the highest impact in reducing acute pesticide-related illness and injury among farmworkers. Am. J. Ind. Med. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:571583, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Kasner, Edward J.; Keralis, Jessica M.; Lee, Soo-Jeong; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Kasner, Edward J.; Keralis, Jessica M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Publ Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Mehler, Louise] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Dept Pesticide Regulat, Sacramento, CA USA. [Beckman, John; Roisman, Rachel] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Bonnar-Prado, Joanne] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Environm Hlth Safety & Toxicol, Olympia, WA USA. [Diebolt-Brown, Brienne] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Environm & Injury Epidemiol & Toxicol Unit, Austin, TX USA. [Mulay, Prakash] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Lackovic, Michelle] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, New Orleans, LA USA. [Waltz, Justin] Oregon Hlth Author, Off Environm Publ Hlth, Portland, OR USA. [Schwartz, Abby] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Mitchell, Yvette] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Occupat Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Moraga-McHaley, Stephanie] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Gergely, Rita] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA USA. RP Calvert, GM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jac6@cdc.gov OI Keralis, Jessica/0000-0003-3178-180X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U36/CCU300430]; Association of Schools of Public Health; NIOSH; EPA FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Association of Schools of Public Health, or each author's state agency. This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number U36/CCU300430 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Public Health.; Funding to support this study was provided by NIOSH, EPA, and the state agencies that contributed data. We are grateful to Jia Li for providing statistical support, NAWS findings, and CPS estimates. We are also grateful to Daniel Carroll, Rupali Das, Amy Liebman, Marie Haring Sweeney, Sangwoo Tak, and the EPA Office of Pesticide Programs for providing comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 55 IS 7 BP 571 EP 583 DI 10.1002/ajim.22052 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 952SG UT WOS:000304811900001 PM 22495938 ER PT J AU Seltzer, MM Baker, MW Hong, J Maenner, M Greenberg, J Mandel, D AF Seltzer, Marsha Mailick Baker, Mei Wang Hong, Jinkuk Maenner, Matthew Greenberg, Jan Mandel, Daniel TI Prevalence of CGG expansions of the FMR1 gene in a US population-based sample SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE FMR1 premutation and gray zone CGG expansions; prevalence ID FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; TREMOR-ATAXIA-SYNDROME; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; TREMOR/ATAXIA SYNDROME; INTERMEDIATE-SIZE; EXPANDED ALLELES; SYNDROME CARRIER; FULL-MUTATION; NEWBORN MALES; PREMUTATION AB The primary goal of this study was to calculate the prevalence of the premutation of the FMR1 gene and of the gray zone using a population-based sample of older adults in Wisconsin (n?=?6,747 samples screened). Compared with past research, prevalence was relatively high (1 in 151 females and 1 in 468 males for the premutation and 1 in 35 females and 1 in 42 males for the gray zone as defined by 4554 CGG repeats). A secondary study goal was to describe characteristics of individuals found to have the premutation (n?=?30, 7 males and 23 females). We found that premutation carriers had a significantly higher rate of divorce than controls, as well as higher rates of symptoms that might be indicative of fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS; numbness, dizziness/faintness) and fragile X primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI; age at last menstrual period). Although not statistically significant, premutation carriers were twice as likely to have a child with disability. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Seltzer, Marsha Mailick; Baker, Mei Wang; Hong, Jinkuk; Maenner, Matthew; Greenberg, Jan] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Mandel, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Seltzer, MM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM mseltzer@waisman.wisc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of University Centers on Disability; Wisconsin Longitudinal Study [P01 AG021079]; Waisman IDDRC [P30 HD03352] FX Grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of University Centers on Disability; Grant sponsor: Wisconsin Longitudinal Study; Grant number: P01 AG021079; Grant sponsor: Waisman IDDRC Core Grant; Grant number: P30 HD03352. NR 44 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4841 J9 AM J MED GENET B JI Am. J. Med. Genet. B PD JUL PY 2012 VL 159B IS 5 BP 589 EP 597 DI 10.1002/ajmg.b.32065 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry SC Genetics & Heredity; Psychiatry GA 952SJ UT WOS:000304812300013 PM 22619118 ER PT J AU Chittaganpitch, M Supawat, K Olsen, SJ Waicharoen, S Patthamadilok, S Yingyong, T Brammer, L Epperson, SP Akrasewi, P Sawanpanyalert, P AF Chittaganpitch, Malinee Supawat, Krongkaew Olsen, Sonja J. Waicharoen, Sunthareeya Patthamadilok, Sirima Yingyong, Thitipong Brammer, Lynnette Epperson, Scott P. Akrasewi, Passakorn Sawanpanyalert, Pathom TI Influenza viruses in Thailand: 7 years of sentinel surveillance data, 2004-2010 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Influenza; inpatients; outpatients; surveillance; Thailand ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Please cite this paper as: Chittaganpitch et similar to al. (2012) Influenza viruses in Thailand: 7 years of sentinel surveillance data, 20042010. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(4), 276283. Background The re-emergence of avian influenza A (H5N1) in 2004 and the pandemic of influenza A (H1N1) in 2009 highlight the need for routine surveillance systems to monitor influenza viruses, particularly in Southeast Asia where H5N1 is endemic in poultry. In 2004, the Thai National Institute of Health, in collaboration with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, established influenza sentinel surveillance throughout Thailand. Objectives To review routine epidemiologic and virologic surveillance for influenza viruses for public health action. Methods Throat swabs from persons with influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illness were collected at 11 sentinel sites during 20042010. Influenza viruses were identified using the standard protocol for polymerase chain reaction. Viruses were cultured and identified by immunofluorescence assay; strains were identified by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Data were analyzed to describe frequency, seasonality, and distribution of circulating strains. Results Of the 19 457 throat swabs, 3967 (20%) were positive for influenza viruses: 2663 (67%) were influenza A and able to be subtyped [21% H1N1, 25% H3N2, 21% pandemic (pdm) H1N1] and 1304 (33%) were influenza B. During 20092010, the surveillance system detected three waves of pdm H1N1. Influenza annually presents two peaks, a major peak during the rainy season (JuneAugust) and a minor peak in winter (OctoberFebruary). Conclusions These data suggest that MarchApril may be the most appropriate months for seasonal influenza vaccination in Thailand. This system provides a robust profile of the epidemiology of influenza viruses in Thailand and has proven useful for public health planning. C1 [Chittaganpitch, Malinee] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Med Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Olsen, Sonja J.; Brammer, Lynnette; Epperson, Scott P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olsen, Sonja J.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Yingyong, Thitipong; Akrasewi, Passakorn] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. RP Chittaganpitch, M (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Med Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM malinee.c@dmsc.mail.go.th FU Department of Medical Sciences, Thailand Ministry of Public Health; US CDC [5U51IP000345] FX We would like to thank the following for their valuable assistance in this study: the staff of Thai National Influenza Center, National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Science; the staff of Bureau of Epidemiology, Thailand Ministry of Public Health; the staff of Health Center 17, Mae Sot Hospital, Nong Khai Hospital, Pra Pok Klao Hospital, Chiang Saen Hospital, Mae Chan Hospital, Koh Chang Hospital, Koh Samui Hospital, Bangkok Hospital Samui, Hat Yai Hospital, and Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute. We are grateful to WHO Collaborating Centers in Melbourne, Australia and US CDC, Atlanta, USA for providing reagents kits and for their technical assistance, and to Ann Moen, Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US CDC and Ms. Pranee Thawatsupha, Dr. Busarawan Sriwantana and Dr. Natteewan Poonwan from National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences for their valuable advice and technical assistance. This work was supported by funding from the Department of Medical Sciences, Thailand Ministry of Public Health and US CDC (cooperative agreement 5U51IP000345). NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2012 VL 6 IS 4 BP 276 EP 283 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00302.x PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 953WF UT WOS:000304903400007 PM 22074057 ER PT J AU Klevens, J Simon, TR Chen, JR AF Klevens, Joanne Simon, Thomas R. Chen, Jieru TI Are the Perpetrators of Violence One and the Same? Exploring the Co-occurrence of Perpetration of Physical Aggression in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE prevalence; overlap; perpetration; violence ID CHILD-ABUSE; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PARTNER VIOLENCE; FAMILY VIOLENCE; YOUTH VIOLENCE; RISK; MALTREATMENT; ADOLESCENTS; SUICIDE; PREVENTION AB Important gaps exist in our understanding of aggressive behavior and the extent to which aggression involves one or more types of victims. This information is critical for determining the utility of integrated approaches for violence prevention versus continuation of independent efforts for reducing community violence, partner violence, and child maltreatment. To better understand the overlap in aggressive behaviors within the general population, the authors examine the co-occurrence of self-reports of physically striking strangers, acquaintances, intimate partners, and children among a nationally representative sample of 3,024 U.S. adults. The findings from this cross-sectional random digit dial telephone survey show that more than a third of the population reports engaging in at least one form of aggression and that, of these, a third had perpetrated violence against more than one type of victim. The percent of respondents who reported perpetrating violence against more than one type of victim range from 13% (percent of those striking a friend or acquaintance who also struck a child) to 34% (percent of those striking a friend or acquaintance who also struck a stranger). Furthermore, engaging in one type of aggression substantially increases the odds of engaging in another from 1.5 to 4 times. The findings suggest potential value in pursuing both integrated and independent approaches in research and prevention. C1 [Klevens, Joanne; Simon, Thomas R.; Chen, Jieru] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Klevens, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jklevens@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD JUL PY 2012 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1987 EP 2002 DI 10.1177/0886260511431441 PG 16 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 952VX UT WOS:000304822900006 PM 22328658 ER PT J AU Rein, AS Ogden, LL AF Rein, Andrew S. Ogden, Lydia L. TI Public Health: A Best Buy for America SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material DE health spending; prevention; public health funding ID UNITED-STATES; COSTS; PREVENTION; SERVICES; ADULTS; CARE AB Public health has considerable capacity to reduce the drag of health spending on our nation by preventing the leading causes of disease, death, and disability with cost-efficient, population-based interventions and innovative, boundary-spanning approaches that link clinical care and community prevention. Public health is uniquely able to identify the burdens of disease and analyze the best strategies for addressing them. A 3-pronged strategy can help assure the value needed from our public health investments. First, we must center our efforts on prevention. Second, we must optimize our public health investments to achieve the greatest value for our investment. Third, public health must collaborate with traditional and new partners on initiatives and in funding. How we finance public health is critical to maximizing public health's benefits and requires thoughtful analysis of how federal funding affects state and local health agencies' programming and how allocation drives choices and design, among other topics, as discussed in this special issue of the journal. C1 [Rein, Andrew S.; Ogden, Lydia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rein, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjx9@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 299 EP 302 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31825d25dd PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 955GI UT WOS:000305004700006 PM 22635181 ER PT J AU Buehler, JW Bernet, PM Ogden, LL AF Buehler, James W. Bernet, Patrick M. Ogden, Lydia L. TI Resource and Cost Adjustment in the Design of Allocation Funding Formulas in Public Health Programs SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE adjustments; funding; public health ID INCOME INEQUALITY; UNITED-STATES; PREMATURE MORTALITY; POVERTY AB Context: Multiple federal public health programs use funding formulas to allocate funds to states. Objective: To characterize the effects of adjusting formula-based allocations for differences among states in the cost of implementing programs, the potential for generating in-state resources, and income disparities, which might be associated with disease risk. Setting: Fifty US states and the District of Columbia. Intervention: Formula-based funding allocations to states for 4 representative federal public health programs were adjusted using indicators of cost (average salaries), potential within-state revenues (per-capita income, the Federal Medical Assistance Percentage, per-capita aggregate home values), and income disparities (Theil index). Main Outcome: Percentage of allocation shifted by adjustment, the number of states and the percentage of US population living in states with a more than 20% increase or decrease in funding, maximum percentage increase or decrease in funding. Results: Each adjustor had a comparable impact on allocations across the 4 program allocations examined. Approximately 2% to 8% of total allocations were shifted, with adjustments for variations in income disparity and housing values having the least and greatest effects, respectively. The salary cost and per-capita income adjustors were inversely correlated and had offsetting effects on allocations. With the exception of the housing values adjustment, fewer than 10 states had more than 20% increases or decreases in allocations, and less than 10% of the US population lived in such states. Conclusions: Selection of adjustors for formula-based funding allocations should consider the impacts of different adjustments, correlations between adjustors and other data elements in funding formulas, and the relationship of formula inputs to program objectives. C1 [Buehler, James W.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bernet, Patrick M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Management Programs, Coll Business, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Buehler, James W.; Ogden, Lydia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Off Associate Director Policy, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Buehler, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Off Associate Director Policy, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwb2@cdc.gov RI Buehler, James/B-8419-2014 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 323 EP 332 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182431da6 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 955GI UT WOS:000305004700011 PM 22635186 ER PT J AU Buehler, JW Bernet, PM Ogden, LL AF Buehler, James W. Bernet, Patrick M. Ogden, Lydia L. TI Reference Allocations and Use of a Disparity Measure to Inform the Design of Allocation Funding Formulas in Public Health Programs SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE funding formula; Gini Index; population-based allocation; poverty-based allocation ID GINI COEFFICIENT; STANDARD ERROR; UNITED-STATES; RESOURCE AB Funding formulas are commonly used by federal agencies to allocate program funds to states. As one approach to evaluating differences in allocations resulting from alternative formula calculations, we propose the use of a measure derived from the Gini index to summarize differences in allocations relative to 2 referent allocations: one based on equal per-capita funding across states and another based on equal funding per person living in poverty, which we define as the "proportionality of allocation" (PA). These referents reflect underlying values that often shape formula-based allocations for public health programs. The size of state populations serves as a general proxy for the amount of funding needed to support programs across states. While the size of state populations living in poverty is correlated with overall population size, allocations based on states' shares of the national population living in poverty reflect variations in funding need shaped by the association between poverty and multiple adverse health outcomes. The PA measure is a summary of the degree of dispersion in state-specific allocations relative to the referent allocations and provides a quick assessment of the impact of selecting alternative funding formula designs. We illustrate the PA values by adjusting a sample allocation, using various measures of the salary costs and in-state wealth, which might modulate states' needs for federal funding. C1 [Buehler, James W.; Ogden, Lydia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Off Associate Director Policy, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buehler, James W.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bernet, Patrick M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Management Programs, Coll Business, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. RP Buehler, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Off Associate Director Policy, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwb2@cdc.gov RI Buehler, James/B-8419-2014 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 333 EP 338 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182431dc2 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 955GI UT WOS:000305004700012 PM 22635187 ER PT J AU Miramontes, R Winston, CA Haddad, MB Moonan, PK AF Miramontes, Roque Winston, Carla A. Haddad, Maryam B. Moonan, Patrick K. TI Use of Tuberculosis Genotyping for Postoutbreak Monitoring SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE genotype; population surveillance; public health; tuberculosis ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE AB Context: Review of routinely collected tuberculosis genotyping results following a known outbreak is a potential mechanism to examine the effectiveness of outbreak control measures. Objective: To assess differences in characteristics between outbreak and postoutbreak tuberculosis cases. Design: Retrospective. Setting: United States. Participants: All tuberculosis cases identified as a result of >5-person outbreaks investigated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during 2003 to 2007 (original outbreak cases), and subsequent culture-positive tuberculosis cases with matching Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes reported in the same county during 2004 to 2008 (postoutbreak cases). Main Outcome Measure: Proportion of demographic, social, and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis outbreak cases compared to postoutbreak cases. Secondary: Proportion of demographic, social, and clinical characteristics of epidemiologically linked versus nonlinked cases. Results: Six outbreaks with 111 outbreak cases and 110 postoutbreak cases were identified. Differences between outbreak and postoutbreak cases were gender (69% vs 85% male; P < .01), birth origin (3% vs 11% foreign-born; P = .02), disease severity (48% vs 62% sputum smear-positive; P = .04), homelessness (38% vs 51%; P = .05), and injection drug use (4% vs 11%; P = .04). For 5 of the 6 outbreaks, the status of epidemiologic relationships among postoutbreak cases was available (n = 89). The postoutbreak cases with a known epidemiologic link to the original outbreak were in younger persons (aged 39 vs 47 years; P < .01), and a larger proportion reported injection drug use (18% vs 4%; P = .04) or noninjection drug use (44% vs 18%; P < .01) than those without a reported link. Conclusions: Health jurisdictions can utilize genotyping data to monitor and define the characteristics of postoutbreak cases related to the original outbreak. C1 [Miramontes, Roque; Winston, Carla A.; Haddad, Maryam B.; Moonan, Patrick K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miramontes, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmiramontes@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065; Miramontes, Roque/0000-0001-9535-460X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 375 EP 378 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31823680f4 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 955GI UT WOS:000305004700018 PM 22635193 ER PT J AU Gounder, P Del Rosso, P Adelson, S Rivera, C Middleton, K Weiss, D AF Gounder, Prabhu Del Rosso, Paula Adelson, Stephan Rivera, Caroline Middleton, Kathy Weiss, Don TI Using the Internet to Trace Contacts of a Fatal Meningococcemia Case-New York City, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE communicable diseases; contact tracing; Internet AB In August 2010, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) conducted an investigation to identify and provide antibiotic prophylaxis to close contacts of a patient who had died of invasive meningococcal disease. Traditional contact tracing, which relies on interviews with the patient's close associates, identified 3 persons meeting prophylaxis criteria. In addition, DOHMH learned of an Internet site used by the patient to arrange anonymous sexual encounters. By working with the Internet site administrator through a liaison, DOHMH sent notification to 15 additional persons potentially at risk for meningococcal disease; of those, at least 1 met prophylaxis criteria. The Internet has been used previously for partner notification by sexually transmitted disease control programs. This case report illustrates how the Internet can aid contact investigations for other communicable diseases, especially when identifying potential contacts is urgent, patients have died, or contacts are unknown to the patient's associates. C1 [Gounder, Prabhu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Middleton, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EIS Field Assignments Branch, Div Appl Sci & Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Gounder, Prabhu; Del Rosso, Paula; Weiss, Don] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, New York, NY USA. [Rivera, Caroline; Middleton, Kathy] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Sexually Transmitted Dis Treatment & Control, New York, NY USA. RP Gounder, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM iym4@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 379 EP 381 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31823e9569 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 955GI UT WOS:000305004700019 PM 22635194 ER PT J AU Kosoy, M Hayman, DTS Chan, KS AF Kosoy, Michael Hayman, David T. S. Chan, Kung-Sik TI Bartonella bacteria in nature: Where does population variability end and a species start? SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Bartonella; Biological species; Genetic diversity; Host specificity; Microbial species; Population structure of bacteria ID CITRATE SYNTHASE GENE; IV SECRETION SYSTEMS; SP-NOV; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; RATTUS-NORVEGICUS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; SOUTHERN CHINA; SMALL MAMMALS; WILD RODENTS; COMB-NOV AB The application of new molecular approaches has permitted the differentiation of numerous strains belonging to the genus Bartonella and identification of new Bartonella species. However, the molecular typing of these organisms should be coupled with studies aimed at defining the biological properties of the newly described species. The long-history of co-adaptation between bartonellal bacteria and their mammalian hosts and possibly arthropod vectors provides a unique opportunity for applying this information for the sub-genus taxonomy. There can be a varying level of association between the bacteria and their hosts, ranging from animal species to animal genus to animal community. The commonality is that any level of association provides a certain degree of isolation for a given bartonella population that can mimic 'biological isolation'. Such an association defines a specific ecological niche and determines some specific characteristics, including sequence types that can be used as markers for demarcation of bacterial species. Usage of a combination of genetic markers and ecological information can delineate a number of species complexes that might combine several genospecies, named strains, and unique genotypes. The identification of such species complexes can be presented as (1) separate phylogenetic lineages distantly related to other species (e.g. Bartonella bacilhformis); (2) clusters of genetically similar strains associated with a specific mammalian group (e.g. Bartonella elizabethae species complex); and (3) clusters of genetically similar strains that combine a number of ecotypes (e.g. Bartonella vinsonii species complex). (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hayman, David T. S.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Infect Dis Consortium, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England. [Hayman, David T. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hayman, David T. S.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Hayman, David T. S.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Chan, Kung-Sik] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Kosoy, M (reprint author), CDC 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov FU US National Science Foundation [NSF-1021292]; Wellcome Trust; Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF-1021292); the Wellcome Trust; the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; and by the Global Diseases Detection program of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 99 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 894 EP 904 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.03.005 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 948RF UT WOS:000304519600002 PM 22449771 ER PT J AU Pacheco, MA Elango, AP Rahman, AA Fisher, D Collins, WE Barnwell, JW Escalante, AA AF Pacheco, M. Andreina Elango, Alamelu P. Rahman, Abir A. Fisher, David Collins, William E. Barnwell, John W. Escalante, Ananias A. TI Evidence of purifying selection on merozoite surface protein 8 (MSP8) and 10 (MSP10) in Plasmodium spp. SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium; Negative selection; MSP-8; MSP-10; Malaria vaccine antigen; Epidermal growth factor-like domains ID FACTOR-LIKE DOMAIN; MALARIA PARASITES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NATURAL-SELECTION; FALCIPARUM; VIVAX; ERYTHROCYTES; POLYMORPHISM; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN AB Evidence for natural selection, positive or negative, on gene encoding antigens may indicate variation or functional constraints that are immunologically relevant. Most malaria surface antigens with high genetic diversity have been reported to be under positive-diversifying selection. However, antigens with limited genetic variation are usually ignored in terms of the role that natural selection may have in generating such patterns. We investigated orthologous genes encoding two merozoite proteins. MSP8 and MSP10, among several mammalian Plasmodium spp. These antigens, together with MSP1, are among the few MSPs that have two epidermal growth factor-like domains (EGF) at the C-terminal. Those EGF are relatively conserved (low levels of genetic polymorphism) and have been proposed to act as ligands during the invasion of RBCs. We use several evolutionary genetic methods to detect patterns consistent with natural selection acting on MSP8 and MSP10 orthologs in the human parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, as well as closely related malarial species found in non-human primates (NHPs). Overall, these antigens have low polymorphism in the human parasites in comparison with the orthologs from other Plasmodium spp. We found that the MSP10 gene polymorphism in P. falciparum only harbor non-synonymous substitutions, a pattern consistent with a gene under positive selection. Evidence of purifying selection was found on the polymorphism observed in both orthologs from P. cynomolgi, a non-human primate parasite closely related to P. vivax, but it was not conclusive in the human parasite. Yet, using phylogenetic base approaches, we found evidence for purifying selection on both MSP8 and MSP10 in the lineage leading to P. vivax. Such antigens evolving under strong functional constraints could become valuable vaccine candidates. We discuss how comparative approaches could allow detecting patterns consistent with negative selection even when there is low polymorphism in the extant populations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pacheco, M. Andreina] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Biodesign Inst, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Collins, William E.; Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Escalante, AA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Biodesign Inst, Sch Life Sci, POB 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Ananias.Escalante@asu.edu FU National Institute of Health [R01GM80586]; School of Life Sciences at Arizona State University FX AA Escalante is supported by the grant R01GM80586 from the National Institute of Health. AA Rahman was supported by a fellowship from the School of Life Sciences Undergraduate Research program at Arizona State University. We thank the DNA laboratory at the School of Life Sciences for their technical support. NR 44 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 978 EP 986 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.009 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 948RF UT WOS:000304519600010 PM 22414917 ER PT J AU Jewett, A Smith, BD Garfein, RS Cuevas-Mota, J Teshale, EH Weinbaum, CM AF Jewett, A. Smith, B. D. Garfein, R. S. Cuevas-Mota, J. Teshale, E. H. Weinbaum, C. M. TI Field-based performance of three pre-market rapid hepatitis C virus antibody assays in STAHR (Study to Assess Hepatitis C Risk) among young adults who inject drugs in San Diego, CA SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C; Screening; Rapid assays; Sensitivity; Specificity ID UNITED-STATES; OF-CARE; HIV; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; USERS; SURVEILLANCE; OUTREACH; TRIAL; RATES AB Background: Approximately 4.1 million Americans are estimated to have been infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), 45-85% of whom are unaware of their infection. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) account for 55.8% of all persons with HCV antibody (anti-HCV) in the U. S. PWID have limited access to healthcare and are infrequently tested for anti-HCV using conventional laboratory assays. Objective: To evaluate performance characteristics (sensitivity and specificity) of three, pre-market rapid point-of-care tests (one oral fluid and two finger-stick assays) from two manufacturers (Chembio and MedMira) in settings providing services to young adult PWID in San Diego, CA. Study design: Behavioral risk assessment surveys and testing for HCV were conducted among persons who reported injection drug use (IDU) within the past 6 months as part of the Study to Assess Hepatitis C Risk (STAHR) among PWID aged 18-40 years in 2009-2010. Sensitivity and specificity of the rapid anti-HCV assays were evaluated among STAHR participants, using two commonly used testing algorithms. Results: Variability in sensitivity (76.6-97.1%) and specificity (99.0-100.0%) was found across assays. The highest sensitivity achieved for the Chembio finger-stick blood, Chembio oral fluid and MedMira finger-stick blood tests was 97.1%, 85.4% and 80.0% respectively; the highest specificity was 99.0%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively. In multivariate analysis false negative anti-HCV results were associated with female sex for the MedMira blood assay. Conclusions: Sensitive anti-HCV rapid assays are appropriate and feasible for high-prevalence, high-risk populations such as young PWID. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jewett, A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Clinton, TN USA. [Smith, B. D.; Teshale, E. H.; Weinbaum, C. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garfein, R. S.; Cuevas-Mota, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Div Global Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Jewett, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ACJewett@cdc.gov FU Division of Viral Hepatitis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All funding was provided by the Division of Viral Hepatitis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All assays were provided in kind by the manufacturers. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.04.003 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 951JG UT WOS:000304716200003 PM 22560051 ER PT J AU Yen, C Tate, JE Steiner, CA Cortese, MM Patel, MM Parashar, UD AF Yen, Catherine Tate, Jacqueline E. Steiner, Claudia A. Cortese, Margaret M. Patel, Manish M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Trends in Intussusception Hospitalizations Among US Infants Before and After Implementation of the Rotavirus Vaccination Program, 2000-2009 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; DISCHARGE DATA; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; REDUCTION; DIARRHEA; SAFETY; ASSOCIATION; AUSTRALIA AB Background. Although US data have not documented an intussusception risk with current rotavirus vaccines, international data indicate a possible low risk, primarily after the first dose. Methods. Among infants in 26 US states comprising 75% of the birth cohort, we examined age-specific trends in population-level intussusception hospitalization rates before (2000-2005) and after (2007-2009) rotavirus vaccine introduction. Results. Compared with 2000-2005 (35.3 per 100 000), the rate was greater in 2007 (39.0 per 100 000; rate ratio [RR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.18), similar in 2008 (33.4 per 100 000; RR, 0.95; 95% CI,.89-1.01), and lower in 2009 (32.9 per 100 000; RR, 0.93; 95% CI,.87-.99). Among infants aged 8-11 weeks, compared with 2000-2005 (6.9 per 100 000), a small, significant increase was observed in each of 2007 (11.4 per 100 000; RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.08-2.50), 2008 (12.2 per 100 000; RR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.17-2.65), and 2009 (11.0 per 100 000; RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.04-2.44). Conclusions. Following rotavirus vaccine introduction, a small increase in intussusception rates was seen among US infants aged 8-11 weeks, to whom most first doses of vaccine are given; no sustained population-level change in overall rates was observed. C1 [Yen, Catherine; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yen, Catherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Rockville, MD USA. RP Yen, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cyen@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis314 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 948YN UT WOS:000304540200007 PM 22539812 ER PT J AU Hadler, JL Baker, TN Papadouka, V France, AM Zimmerman, C Livingston, KA Zucker, JR AF Hadler, James L. Baker, Tai N. Papadouka, Vikki France, Anne Marie Zimmerman, Christopher Livingston, Kara A. Zucker, Jane R. TI Effectiveness of 1 Dose of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine at Preventing Hospitalization With Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Children Aged 7 Months-9 Years SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION-SYSTEM; ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; UNITED-STATES AB The availability of a well-established immunization registry to provide vaccination information, a school-located vaccination campaign followed by continued 2009 influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) activity, and a requirement to report hospitalized influenza cases provided an opportunity to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) of an initial dose of pH1N1 monovalent vaccine in children aged 7 months-9 years. Seventy-eight case children and 729 date-of-birth-and zipcode-matched controls were studied. The VE of a single vaccine dose in preventing pH1N1 hospitalization >= 14 days after vaccination was 82% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0%-100%; P = .04) in children aged 3-9 years but was zero (-3%; 95% CI, <0%-75%) in children aged 7-35 months. These findings are consistent with those from prelicensure immunogenicity studies and have implications for interpretation of immunogenicity studies and setting priorities for vaccination of young children in future pandemics. Immunization registries can provide a simple, rapid assessment of VE to evaluate and inform vaccination policy. C1 [Hadler, James L.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Gotham Ctr CN28, Queens, NY 11101 USA. [Baker, Tai N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Livingston, Kara A.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hadler, JL (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Gotham Ctr CN28, 42-09 28th St, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM jhadler@health.nyc.gov FU New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Public Health Prevention Service; CDC EIS; Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program; CDC [5U38HM000414]; CDC, NCIRD, Immunization Services Division FX J. L. H., V. P., and C. Z. were supported by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. T. N. B. was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Public Health Prevention Service Program. A. M. F. was supported by the CDC EIS Officer fellowship. K. A. L. was supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the CDC (cooperative agreement 5U38HM000414). J. R. Z. was supported by the CDC, NCIRD, Immunization Services Division. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis306 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 948YN UT WOS:000304540200008 PM 22551808 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Austin, C Nawrocki, J Howland, J Pryde, J Vaid, A Holmes, D Weil, MR Li, Y Wilkins, K Zhao, H Smith, SK Karem, K Reynolds, MG Damon, IK AF McCollum, Andrea M. Austin, Connie Nawrocki, John Howland, Julia Pryde, Julie Vaid, Awais Holmes, David Weil, M. Ryan Li, Yu Wilkins, Kimberly Zhao, Hui Smith, Scott K. Karem, Kevin Reynolds, Mary G. Damon, Inger K. TI Investigation of the First Laboratory-Acquired Human Cowpox Virus Infection in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TIME PCR ASSAYS; GENERALIZED ERUPTION; MONKEYPOX-VIRUS; VACCINIA VIRUS; OUTBREAK; RISKS AB Background. Cowpox virus is an Orthopoxvirus that can cause infections in humans and a variety of animals. Infections occur in Eurasia; infections in humans and animals have not been reported in the United States. This report describes the occurrence of the first known human case of laboratory-acquired cowpox virus infection in the United States and the ensuing investigation. Methods. The patient and laboratory personnel were interviewed, and laboratory activities were reviewed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serologic assays were used to test the patient's specimens. PCR assays were used to test specimens obtained during the investigation. Results. A specimen from the patient's lesion tested positive for cowpox virus DNA. Genome sequencing revealed a recombinant region consistent with a strain of cowpox virus stored in the research laboratory's freezer. Cowpox virus contamination was detected in 6 additional laboratory stocks of viruses. Orthopoxvirus DNA was present in 3 of 20 environmental swabs taken from laboratory surfaces. Conclusions. The handling of contaminated reagents or contact with contaminated surfaces was likely the mode of transmission. Delays in recognition and diagnosis of this infection in a laboratory researcher underscore the importance of a thorough patient history-including occupational information-and laboratory testing in facilitating a prompt investigation and application of control and remediation measures. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Weil, M. Ryan; Li, Yu; Wilkins, Kimberly; Zhao, Hui; Smith, Scott K.; Karem, Kevin; Reynolds, Mary G.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus Team, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol,Natl Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Austin, Connie; Nawrocki, John; Howland, Julia] State Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howland, Julia] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists Appl, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holmes, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Safety Hlth & Environm, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pryde, Julie; Vaid, Awais] Local Publ Hlth Dist, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weil, M. Ryan] Emory Univ, Emory Georgia Res Alliance Genome Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov FU CDC; Georgia Research Alliance; Atlanta Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute FX This work was supported by the CDC. The Emory Genomics Center provided the genome sequencing equipment, which is funded by the Georgia Research Alliance and Atlanta Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 206 IS 1 BP 63 EP 68 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis302 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 948YN UT WOS:000304540200010 PM 22539811 ER PT J AU Pearson, WS Ovalle, F Faul, M Sasser, SM AF Pearson, William S. Ovalle, Fernando, Jr. Faul, Mark Sasser, Scott M. TI A REVIEW OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY TRAUMA CENTER VISITS MEETING PHYSIOLOGIC CRITERIA FROM THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS COMMITTEE ON TRAUMA/CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION FIELD TRIAGE GUIDELINES SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE traumatic brain injury; trauma centers; triage; criteria ID PREHOSPITAL MANAGEMENT; TEAM ACTIVATION; UNITED-STATES; OVERTRIAGE; VALIDATION AB Background. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a serious subset of injuries among persons in the United States, and prehospital care of these injuries can mitigate both the morbidity and the mortality in patients who suffer from these injuries. Guidelines for triage of injured patients have been set forth by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT) in cooperation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These guidelines include physiologic criteria, such as the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate, which should be used in determining triage of an injured patient. Objectives. This study examined the numbers of visits at level I and II trauma centers by patients with a diagnosed TBI to determine the prevalence of those meeting physiologic criteria from the ACS-COT/CDC guidelines and to determine the extent of mortality among this patient population. Methods. The data for this study were taken from the 2007 National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) National Sample Program (NSP). This data set is a nationally representative sample of visits to level I and II trauma centers across the United States and is funded by the American College of Surgeons. Estimates of demographic characteristics, physiologic measures, and death were made for this study population using both chi-square analyses and adjusted logistic regression modeling. Results. The analyses demonstrated that although many people who sustain a TBI and were taken to a level I or II trauma center did not meet the physiologic criteria, those who did meet the physiologic criteria had significantly higher odds of death than those who did not meet the criteria. After controlling for age, gender, race, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and length of stay in the hospital, persons who had a GCS score <= 13 were 17 times more likely to die than TBI patients who had a higher GCS score (odds ratio [OR] 17.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.7-28.3). Other physiologic criteria also demonstrated significant odds of death. Conclusions. These findings support the validity of the ACS-COT/CDC physiologic criteria in this population and stress the importance of prehospital triage of patients with TBI in the hopes of reducing both the morbidity and the mortality resulting from this injury. C1 [Pearson, William S.; Ovalle, Fernando, Jr.; Faul, Mark; Sasser, Scott M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ovalle, Fernando, Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Sasser, Scott M.] Emory Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Pearson, WS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wpearson@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1090-3127 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD JUL-SEP PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 323 EP 328 DI 10.3109/10903127.2012.682701 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 946QD UT WOS:000304367100002 PM 22548387 ER PT J AU Warden, C Cudnik, MT Sasson, C Schwartz, G Semple, H AF Warden, Craig Cudnik, Michael T. Sasson, Comilla Schwartz, Greg Semple, Hugh TI POISSON CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC ARREST INCIDENCE IN COLUMBUS, OHIO SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE cardiac arrest; cluster analysis; geographic information system ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEM; SURVIVAL RATES; RESUSCITATION; GUIDELINES; DISEASE; AREA AB Background. Scarce resources in disease prevention and emergency medical services (EMS) need to be focused on high-risk areas of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Objective. Cluster analysis using geographic information systems (GISs) was used to find these high-risk areas and test potential predictive variables. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort analysis of EMS-treated adults with OHCAs occurring in Columbus, Ohio, from April 1, 2004, through March 31, 2009. The OHCAs were aggregated to census tracts and incidence rates were calculated based on their adult populations. Poisson cluster analysis determined significant clusters of high-risk census tracts. Both census tract-level and case-level characteristics were tested for association with high-risk areas by multivariate logistic regression. Results. A total of 2,037 eligible OHCAs occurred within the city limits during the study period. The mean incidence rate was 0.85 OHCAs/1,000 population/year. There were five significant geographic clusters with 76 high-risk census tracts out of the total of 245 census tracts. In the case-level analysis, being in a high-risk cluster was associated with a slightly younger age (-3 years, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99-1.00), not being white, non-Hispanic (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.64), cardiac arrest occurring at home (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.23-1.71), and not receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.96), but with higher survival to hospital discharge (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.30-2.46). In the census tract-level analysis, high-risk census tracts were also associated with a slightly lower average age (-0.1 years, OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.22) and a lower proportion of white, non-Hispanic patients (-0.298, OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.01-0.19), but also a lower proportion of high-school graduates (-0.184, OR 0.00, 95% CI 0.00-0.00). Conclusions. This analysis identified high-risk census tracts and associated census tract-level and case-level characteristics that can be used to target public education efforts to prevent OHCA and to mitigate its occurrence with CPR and automated external defibrillator training. In addition, EMS resources can be redeployed to minimize response times to these census tracts. C1 [Warden, Craig] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Cudnik, Michael T.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sasson, Comilla] Univ Colorado, Dept Emergency Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Schwartz, Greg] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Semple, Hugh] Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Geog, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. RP Warden, C (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM wardenc@ohsu.edu NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1090-3127 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD JUL-SEP PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 338 EP 346 DI 10.3109/10903127.2012.664244 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 946QD UT WOS:000304367100004 PM 22452650 ER PT J AU Boal, WL Leiss, JK AF Boal, Winifred L. Leiss, Jack K. TI SAFETY CULTURE AND EXPOSURE TO BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS AMONG PARAMEDICS SO PREHOSPITAL EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Letter ID PREVENT BLOOD; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; RATES; RISK C1 [Boal, Winifred L.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Leiss, Jack K.] Cedar Grove Inst Sustainable Communities, Mebane, NC USA. RP Boal, WL (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wboal@cdc.gov; jackl@mcmoss.org NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1090-3127 J9 PREHOSP EMERG CARE JI Prehosp. Emerg. Care PD JUL-SEP PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 418 EP 418 DI 10.3109/10903127.2012.670693 PG 1 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 946QD UT WOS:000304367100016 PM 22490050 ER PT J AU Holtgrave, DR Maulsby, C Wehrmeyer, L Hall, HI AF Holtgrave, David R. Maulsby, Cathy Wehrmeyer, Laura Hall, H. Irene TI Behavioral Factors in Assessing Impact of HIV Treatment as Prevention SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; Behavior; Treatment; Prevention; Unmet needs ID TEST-AND-TREAT; UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; INFECTED PERSONS; RISK BEHAVIOR; VIRAL LOAD; CARE; TRANSMISSION; STRATEGIES AB The recent NIH HPTN 052 study of using HIV treatment to prevent HIV transmission in serostatus discordant heterosexual partnerships has garnered much attention. In subsequent discussions, however, the topic of HIV-related risk behavior has been nearly absent. Here, we identify the critical roles that HIV-related risk behavior plays in determining the unmet needs, optimal targeting, and ultimate impact of treatment as prevention. We describe the size of the population at risk of HIV and three subgroups of persons living with HIV (PLWH) based on awareness of serostatus and risk behavior, and the corresponding HIV transmission rates to seronegative partners. For each of the subgroups of PLWH, we identify which approach is most relevant ("testing and linkage to care," "treatment as prevention," and/or "treatment as clinical care"). We observe that the impact of "treatment as prevention" on HIV incidence will depend heavily on which subgroup of PLWH is targeted for services. C1 [Holtgrave, David R.; Maulsby, Cathy; Wehrmeyer, Laura] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holtgrave, DR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dholtgra@jhsph.edu NR 75 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1085 EP 1091 DI 10.1007/s10461-012-0186-1 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 943ZC UT WOS:000304165900001 PM 22491813 ER PT J AU Henny, KD Crepaz, N Lyles, CM Marshall, KJ Aupont, LW Jacobs, ED Liau, A Rama, S Kay, LS Willis, LA Charania, MR AF Henny, Kirk D. Crepaz, Nicole Lyles, Cynthia M. Marshall, Khiya J. Aupont, Latrina W. Jacobs, Elizabeth D. Liau, Adrian Rama, Sima Kay, Linda S. Willis, Leigh A. Charania, Mahnaz R. TI Efficacy of HIV/STI Behavioral Interventions for Heterosexual African American Men in the United States: A Meta-Analysis SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV intervention; African American; Heterosexual; Meta-analysis; Men ID HIV RISK-REDUCTION; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BLACK-MALE ADOLESCENTS; DRUG-USERS; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; OUTREACH INTERVENTION; PRISON-INMATES; CONDOM USE AB This meta-analysis estimates the overall efficacy of HIV prevention interventions to reduce HIV sexual risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among heterosexual African American men. A comprehensive search of the literature published during 1988-2008 yielded 44 relevant studies. Interventions significantly reduced HIV sexual risk behaviors and STIs. The stratified analysis for HIV sexual risk behaviors indicated that interventions were efficacious for studies specifically targeting African American men and men with incarceration history. In addition, interventions that had provision/referral of medical services, male facilitators, shorter follow-up periods, or emphasized the importance of protecting family and significant others were associated with reductions in HIV sexual risk behaviors. Meta-regression analyses indicated that the most robust intervention component is the provision/referral of medical services. Findings indicate that HIV interventions for heterosexual African American men might be more efficacious if they incorporated a range of health care services rather than HIV/STI-related services alone. C1 [Henny, Kirk D.; Crepaz, Nicole; Lyles, Cynthia M.; Marshall, Khiya J.; Aupont, Latrina W.; Kay, Linda S.; Willis, Leigh A.; Charania, Mahnaz R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jacobs, Elizabeth D.] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Liau, Adrian] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Rama, Sima] Manila Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. RP Henny, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cso5@cdc.gov OI Henny, Kirk/0000-0002-0886-8651 NR 84 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 12 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1092 EP 1114 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-0100-2 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 943ZC UT WOS:000304165900002 PM 22234436 ER PT J AU Qi, CL Kulkarni, P AF Qi, Chaolong Kulkarni, Pramod TI Unipolar charging based, hand-held mobility spectrometer for aerosol size distribution measurement SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticle size distribution; Aerosol mobility spectrometer; Portable aerosol instrumentation; Nanoparticle exposure ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; TOXICITY; MICE AB A hand-held particle size spectrometer for monitoring workplace exposure to aerosols and nanoparticles with 13 channels in the 15-630 nm has been described. The instrument uses electrical mobility-based size classification in which aerosol particles are electrically charged using a unipolar corona charger, followed by classification in a condenser-type disk classifier, and particle counting using a commercial handheld condensation particle counter (CPC; Model 3007,TSI Inc., Shoreview, MN). A unipolar charger was designed to reduce multiple charging of particles which helped extend the measurable size range. The electrical classifier, which served as a low-pass mobility filter, was operated at 2:1 sheath-to-aerosol flow ratio using a single pump inside the CPC An inversion scheme was developed to obtain discrete size distributions from cumulative mobility distributions. The sizing accuracy was also experimentally investigated using DMA-classified, near-monodisperse particles and was found to be in the range 1.4-8.1% below 300 nm, and increased to 13.6% for 500 nm particle. Experimentally measured sizing uncertainties ranged from 78-114%. The counting uncertainties of the instrument were in the range 0.1-10.5% for typical concentration range for ambient and workplace aerosols. Size distributions of test unimodal and bimodal polydisperse aerosols measured using HPSS agreed reasonably well with that from the laboratory scanning mobility spectrometer. HPSS can be useful in many routine monitoring applications, though the measured uncertainties can be large for some applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Qi, Chaolong; Kulkarni, Pramod] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kulkarni, P (reprint author), Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSKulkarni@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 49 BP 32 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2012.02.005 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 937EG UT WOS:000303641200004 ER PT J AU Tai, E Buchanan, N Townsend, J Fairley, T Moore, A Richardson, L AF Tai, Eric Buchanan, Natasha Townsend, Julie Fairley, Temeika Moore, Angela Richardson, Lisa TI HEALTH STATUS OF ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT CANCER SURVIVORS SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tai, Eric; Buchanan, Natasha; Townsend, Julie; Fairley, Temeika; Moore, Angela; Richardson, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD JUL PY 2012 VL 58 IS 7 SI SI BP 1066 EP 1066 PG 1 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 926XC UT WOS:000302864200178 ER PT J AU Schwebel, DC Roth, DL Elliott, MN Chien, AT Mrug, S Shipp, E Dittus, P Zlomke, K Schuster, MA AF Schwebel, David C. Roth, David L. Elliott, Marc N. Chien, Alyna T. Mrug, Sylvie Shipp, Eva Dittus, Patricia Zlomke, Kimberly Schuster, Mark A. TI Marital conflict and fifth-graders' risk for injury SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Injury; Safety; Marital conflict; Fifth graders; Parenting ID UNINTENTIONAL INJURY; MATERNAL DEPRESSION; ADOLESCENT HEALTH; CHILDHOOD INJURY; PREVENTION; BEHAVIOR; CHILDREN; HOME; ADJUSTMENT; CONTEXT AB Background: Injuries are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for American children. Marital conflict has been associated with a range of negative health outcomes, but little is known about how marital conflict may influence risk of injury among children. We hypothesized marital conflict would be related to increased youth injury risk after controlling for relevant demographic and parenting covariates. Methods: A community sample of 3218 fifth-graders recruited from three US locales was utilized. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to predict the frequency of unintentional injuries from marital conflict while adjusting for demographics, parenting factors (nurturance, communication, involvement with youth), and family cohesion. Results: Higher levels of marital conflict were associated with higher rates of injury that required professional medical attention (OR = 1.20.95% CI 1.06, 1.35 per standard deviation). The same association held after inclusion of all covariates in a multivariate ordinal logistic regression model. Conclusions: Parental marital conflict is associated with higher rates of injuries requiring professional medical attention in preadolescent children. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schwebel, David C.; Mrug, Sylvie] Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Roth, David L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Elliott, Marc N.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Chien, Alyna T.; Schuster, Mark A.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chien, Alyna T.; Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shipp, Eva] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Dittus, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zlomke, Kimberly] Univ S Alabama, Dept Psychol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. RP Schwebel, DC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, 1300 Univ Blvd,CH 415, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM schwebel@uab.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U19DP002664, U19DP002665, U19DP002663] NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 47 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2012.01.005 PG 6 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 921WJ UT WOS:000302508500005 PM 22405236 ER PT J AU Jamieson, DJ Chasela, CS Hudgens, MG King, CC Kourtis, AP Kayira, D Hosseinipour, MC Kamwendo, DD Ellington, SR Wiener, JB Fiscus, SA Tegha, G Mofolo, IA Sichali, DS Adair, LS Knight, RJ Martinson, F Kacheche, Z Soko, A Hoffman, I van der Horst, C AF Jamieson, Denise J. Chasela, Charles S. Hudgens, Michael G. King, Caroline C. Kourtis, Athena P. Kayira, Dumbani Hosseinipour, Mina C. Kamwendo, Deborah D. Ellington, Sascha R. Wiener, Jeffrey B. Fiscus, Susan A. Tegha, Gerald Mofolo, Innocent A. Sichali, Dorothy S. Adair, Linda S. Knight, Rodney J. Martinson, Francis Kacheche, Zebrone Soko, Alice Hoffman, Irving van der Horst, Charles CA BAN Study Team TI Maternal and infant antiretroviral regimens to prevent postnatal HIV-1 transmission: 48-week follow-up of the BAN randomised controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; UNINFECTED CHILDREN; INFECTED MOTHERS; DOSE NEVIRAPINE; THERAPY; MALAWI; BORN; PROPHYLAXIS; MORTALITY; UGANDA AB Background In resource-limited settings where no safe alternative to breastfeeding exists, WHO recommends that antiretroviral prophylaxis be given to either HIV-infected mothers or infants throughout breastfeeding. We assessed the effect of 28 weeks of maternal or infant antiretroviral prophylaxis on postnatal HIV infection at 48 weeks. Methods The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) Study was undertaken in Lilongwe, Malawi, between April 21, 2004, and Jan 28, 2010. 2369 HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers with a CD4 count of 250 cells per mu L or more and their newborn babies were randomly assigned with a variable-block design to one of three, 28-week regimens: maternal triple antiretroviral (n=849); daily infant nevirapine (n=852); or control (n=668). Patients and local clinical staff were not masked to treatment allocation, but other study investigators were. All mothers and infants received one dose of nevirapine (mother 200 mg; infant 2 mg/kg) and 7 days of zidovudine (mother 300 mg; infants 2 mg/kg) and lamivudine (mothers 150 mg; infants 4 mg/kg) twice a day. Mothers were advised to wean between 24 weeks and 28 weeks after birth. The primary endpoint was HIV infection by 48 weeks in infants who were not infected at 2 weeks and in all infants randomly assigned with censoring at loss to follow-up. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00164736. Findings 676 mother-infant pairs completed follow-up to 48 weeks or reached an endpoint in the maternal-antiretroviral group, 680 in the infant-nevirapine group, and 542 in the control group. By 32 weeks post partum, 96% of women in the intervention groups and 88% of those in the control group reported no breastfeeding since their 28-week visit. 30 infants in the maternal-antiretroviral group, 25 in the infant-nevirapine group, and 38 in the control group became HIV infected between 2 weeks and 48 weeks of life; 28 (30%) infections occurred after 28 weeks (nine in maternal-antiretroviral, 13 in infant-nevirapine, and six in control groups). The cumulative risk of HIV-1 transmission by 48 weeks was significantly higher in the control group (7%, 95% CI 5-9) than in the maternal-antiretroviral (4%, 3-6; p=0.0273) or the infant-nevirapine (4%, 2-5; p=0.0027) groups. The rate of serious adverse events in infants was significantly higher during 29-48 weeks than during the intervention phase (1.1 [95% CI 1.0-1.2] vs 0.7 [0.7-0.8] per 100 person-weeks; p<0.0001), with increased risk of diarrhoea, malaria, growth faltering, tuberculosis, and death. Nine women died between 2 weeks and 48 weeks post partum (one in maternal-antiretroviral group, two in infant-nevirapine group, six in control group). Interpretation In resource-limited settings where no suitable alternative to breastfeeding is available, antiretroviral prophylaxis given to mothers or infants might decrease HIV transmission. Weaning at 6 months might increase infant morbidity. C1 [Jamieson, Denise J.; King, Caroline C.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Ellington, Sascha R.; Wiener, Jeffrey B.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chasela, Charles S.; Kayira, Dumbani; Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Kamwendo, Deborah D.; Tegha, Gerald; Mofolo, Innocent A.; Sichali, Dorothy S.; Martinson, Francis; Kacheche, Zebrone; Soko, Alice] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Hudgens, Michael G.; Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Fiscus, Susan A.; Adair, Linda S.; Martinson, Francis; Hoffman, Irving; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia Int, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM djj0@cdc.gov OI Sellers, Christopher/0000-0003-4672-8198 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Abbott Laboratories; GlaxoSmithKline; Abbott; Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 TW01039-06, R24 TW007988]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson and Johnson; US Agency for International Development FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; The University of North Carolina received grant support from Abbott Laboratories and GlaxoSmithKline. SAF received free diagnostic kits from Abbott, Roche, Gen-Probe, IQuum, and Perkin-Elmer; and has been a consultant for Alderon and on a scientific advisory board for Abbott, Roche, and Gen-Probe. SAF and MCH have received lecture fees from Abbott. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.; The BAN study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01); the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410); and the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 TW01039-06 and R24 TW007988; the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act). The antiretrovirals used were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action for the Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission programme was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson and Johnson, and the US Agency for International Development. We thank all the women and their infants who agreed to participate in the study. NR 41 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 30 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9835 BP 2449 EP 2458 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60321-3 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 967NV UT WOS:000305915900029 PM 22541418 ER PT J AU Bagamian, KH Douglass, RJ Alvarado, A Kuenzi, AJ Amman, BR Waller, LA Mills, JN AF Bagamian, Karoun H. Douglass, Richard J. Alvarado, Arlene Kuenzi, Amy J. Amman, Brian R. Waller, Lance A. Mills, James N. TI Population Density and Seasonality Effects on Sin Nombre Virus Transmission in North American Deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus) in Outdoor Enclosures SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CREEK CANAL VIRUS; PUUMALA-HANTAVIRUS; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; BANK VOLES; CLETHRIONOMYS-GLAREOLUS; NEPHROPATHIA-EPIDEMICA; DEPENDENT PREVALENCE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; ANTIBODY PREVALENCE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER AB Surveys of wildlife host-pathogen systems often document clear seasonal variation in transmission; conclusions concerning the relationship between host population density and transmission vary. In the field, effects of seasonality and population density on natural disease cycles are challenging to measure independently, but laboratory experiments may poorly reflect what happens in nature. Outdoor manipulative experiments are an alternative that controls for some variables in a relatively natural environment. Using outdoor enclosures, we tested effects of North American deermouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) population density and season on transmission dynamics of Sin Nombre hantavirus. In early summer, mid-summer, late summer, and fall 2007-2008, predetermined numbers of infected and uninfected adult wild deermice were released into enclosures and trapped weekly or bi-weekly. We documented 18 transmission events and observed significant seasonal effects on transmission, wounding frequency, and host breeding condition. Apparent differences in transmission incidence or wounding frequency between high-and low-density treatments were not statistically significant. However, high host density was associated with a lower proportion of males with scrotal testes. Seasonality may have a stronger influence on disease transmission dynamics than host population density, and density effects cannot be considered independent of seasonality. C1 [Bagamian, Karoun H.; Mills, James N.] Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bagamian, Karoun H.; Amman, Brian R.; Mills, James N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Med Ecol Unit, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bagamian, Karoun H.; Douglass, Richard J.; Kuenzi, Amy J.] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Dept Biol, Butte, MT USA. [Alvarado, Arlene] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Inst Educ Opportun, Cfwep Org, Butte, MT USA. [Waller, Lance A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Bagamian, KH (reprint author), Emory Univ, Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM karoun11@gmail.com FU NIH-CDC [R-36]; NIH from the INBRE-BRIN program of the National Center for Research Resources [P20RR16455-06, P20RR16455-07]; CDC Medical Ecology Unit; Viral Special Pathogens Branch; Montana Tech, University of Montana FX This project was funded by the NIH-CDC Public Health Dissertation Research Grant R-36, NIH Grant P20RR16455-06,07 from the INBRE-BRIN program of the National Center for Research Resources, CDC Medical Ecology Unit, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, and Montana Tech, University of Montana. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e37254 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0037254 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 967FO UT WOS:000305892100005 PM 22768034 ER PT J AU Leal, E Casseb, J Hendry, M Busch, MP Diaz, RS AF Leal, Elcio Casseb, Jorge Hendry, Michael Busch, Michael P. Diaz, Ricardo Sobhie TI Relaxation of Adaptive Evolution during the HIV-1 Infection Owing to Reduction of CD4+T Cell Counts SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTION; IN-VIVO; CORECEPTOR USAGE; ENVELOPE; GENE; PHENOTYPE; VARIANTS; TROPISM; NEUTRALIZATION AB Background: The first stages of HIV-1 infection are essential to establish the diversity of virus population within host. It has been suggested that adaptation to host cells and antibody evasion are the leading forces driving HIV evolution at the initial stages of AIDS infection. In order to gain more insights on adaptive HIV-1 evolution, the genetic diversity was evaluated during the infection time in individuals contaminated by the same viral source in an epidemic cluster. Multiple sequences of V3 loop region of the HIV-1 were serially sampled from four individuals: comprising a single blood donor, two blood recipients, and another sexually infected by one of the blood recipients. The diversity of the viral population within each host was analyzed independently in distinct time points during HIV-1 infection. Results: Phylogenetic analysis identified multiple HIV-1 variants transmitted through blood transfusion but the establishing of new infections was initiated by a limited number of viruses. Positive selection (d(N)/d(S)>1) was detected in the viruses within each host in all time points. In the intra-host viruses of the blood donor and of one blood recipient, X4 variants appeared respectively in 1993 and 1989. In both patients X4 variants never reached high frequencies during infection time. The recipient, who X4 variants appeared, developed AIDS but kept narrow and constant immune response against HIV-1 during the infection time. Conclusion: Slowing rates of adaptive evolution and increasing diversity in HIV-1 are consequences of the CD4+ T cells depletion. The dynamic of R5 to X4 shift is not associated with the initial amplitude of humoral immune response or intensity of positive selection. C1 [Leal, Elcio] Fed Univ Para, Inst Biotechnol, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Casseb, Jorge] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Trop Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Hendry, Michael] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Busch, Michael P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. [Diaz, Ricardo Sobhie] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Leal, E (reprint author), Fed Univ Para, Inst Biotechnol, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. EM elcioleal@gmail.br RI Diaz, Ricardo/K-3978-2012; OI Leal, Elcio/0000-0003-3463-0492 FU FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Sao Paulo) [07/52841-8] FX This work was supported by FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Foundation for the Support of Research in the State of Sao Paulo; grant no. 07/52841-8). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e39776 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039776 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 967FO UT WOS:000305892100092 PM 22768122 ER PT J AU Louie, JK Yang, S Yen, C Acosta, M Schechter, R Uyeki, TM AF Louie, Janice K. Yang, Samuel Yen, Cynthia Acosta, Meileen Schechter, Robert Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Use of Intravenous Peramivir for Treatment of Severe Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; A H1N1; CHILDREN; OSELTAMIVIR; CALIFORNIA AB Oral antiviral agents to treat influenza are challenging to administer in the intensive care unit (ICU). We describe 57 critically ill patients treated with the investigational intravenous neuraminidase inhibitor drug peramivir for influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 [pH1N1]. Most received late peramivir treatment following clinical deterioration in the ICU on enterically-administered oseltamivir therapy. The median age was 40 years (range 5 months-81 years). Common clinical complications included pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation (54; 95%), sepsis requiring vasopressor support (34/53; 64%), acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis (19/53; 36%) and secondary bacterial infection (14; 25%). Over half (29; 51%) died. When comparing the 57 peramivir-treated cases with 1627 critically ill cases who did not receive peramivir, peramivir recipients were more likely to be diagnosed with pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.0002) or sepsis (p = <0.0001), require mechanical ventilation (p = <0.0001) or die (p = <0.0001). The high mortality could be due to the pre-existing clinical severity of cases prior to request for peramivir, but also raises questions about peramivir safety and effectiveness in hospitalized and critically ill patients. The use of peramivir merits further study in randomized controlled trials, or by use of methods such as propensity scoring and matching, to assess clinical effectiveness and safety. C1 [Louie, Janice K.; Yang, Samuel; Yen, Cynthia; Acosta, Meileen; Schechter, Robert] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Louie, JK (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM Janice.louie@cdph.ca.gov NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e40261 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0040261 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 967FO UT WOS:000305892100239 PM 22768265 ER PT J AU Kallen, A Guh, A AF Kallen, A. Guh, A. TI United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issue updated guidance for tackling carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT News Item C1 [Kallen, A.; Guh, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kallen, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AKallen@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD JUN 28 PY 2012 VL 17 IS 26 BP 27 EP 27 AR 20207 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 967BE UT WOS:000305880300004 ER PT J AU Malik, S Willby, M Sikes, D Tsodikov, OV Posey, JE AF Malik, Seidu Willby, Melisa Sikes, David Tsodikov, Oleg V. Posey, James E. TI New Insights into Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Functional Genetic Analysis of gyrA and gyrB Mutations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LINE PROBE ASSAY; DNA GYRASE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; OFLOXACIN RESISTANCE; QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; TOPOISOMERASE-IV; CHINA; MOXIFLOXACIN; ETHAMBUTOL; SEQUENCE AB Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are among the most potent second-line drugs used for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB), and resistance to this class of antibiotics is one criterion for defining extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB). Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been associated with modification of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) of gyrA. Recent studies suggest that amino acid substitutions in gyrB may also play a crucial role in resistance, but functional genetic studies of these mutations in M. tuberculosis are lacking. In this study, we examined twenty six mutations in gyrase genes gyrA (seven) and gyrB (nineteen) to determine the clinical relevance and role of these mutations in fluoroquinolone resistance. Transductants or clinical isolates harboring T80A, T80A+A90G, A90G, G247S and A384V gyrA mutations were susceptible to all fluoroquinolones tested. The A74S mutation conferred low-level resistance to moxifloxacin but susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and ofloxacin, and the A74S+D94G double mutation conferred cross resistance to all the fluoroquinolones tested. Functional genetic analysis and structural modeling of gyrB suggest that M330I, V340L, R485C, D500A, D533A, A543T, A543V and T546M mutations are not sufficient to confer resistance as determined by agar proportion. Only three mutations, N538D, E540V and R485C+T539N, conferred resistance to all four fluoroquinolones in at least one genetic background. The D500H and D500N mutations conferred resistance only to levofloxacin and ofloxacin while N538K and E540D consistently conferred resistance to moxifloxacin only. Transductants and clinical isolates harboring T539N, T539P or N538T+T546M mutations exhibited low-level resistance to moxifloxacin only but not consistently. These findings indicate that certain mutations in gyrB confer fluoroquinolone resistance, but the level and pattern of resistance varies among the different mutations. The results from this study provide support for the inclusion of the QRDR of gyrB in molecular assays used to detect fluoroquinolone resistance in M. tuberculosis. C1 [Malik, Seidu; Willby, Melisa; Sikes, David; Posey, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tsodikov, Oleg V.] Univ Michigan, Dept Med Chem, Coll Pharm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Malik, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jposey@cdc.gov FU American Society for Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (ASM/CDC); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX This work was supported by the American Society for Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (ASM/CDC) and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for awarding postdoctoral fellowship to Seidu Malik. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 28 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e39754 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039754 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 966GR UT WOS:000305826400035 PM 22761889 ER PT J AU Lash, RR Carroll, DS Hughes, CM Nakazawa, Y Karem, K Damon, IK Peterson, AT AF Lash, R. Ryan Carroll, Darin S. Hughes, Christine M. Nakazawa, Yoshinori Karem, Kevin Damon, Inger K. Peterson, A. Townsend TI Effects of georeferencing effort on mapping monkeypox case distributions and transmission risk SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; SPATIAL EPIDEMIOLOGIC DATA; POSITIONAL ACCURACY; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; WEST-AFRICA; HEALTH; VIRUS; ZAIRE; DISEASE; CONGO AB Background: Maps of disease occurrences and GIS-based models of disease transmission risk are increasingly common, and both rely on georeferenced diseases data. Automated methods for georeferencing disease data have been widely studied for developed countries with rich sources of geographic referenced data. However, the transferability of these methods to countries without comparable geographic reference data, particularly when working with historical disease data, has not been as widely studied. Historically, precise geographic information about where individual cases occur has been collected and stored verbally, identifying specific locations using place names. Georeferencing historic data is challenging however, because it is difficult to find appropriate geographic reference data to match the place names to. Here, we assess the degree of care and research invested in converting textual descriptions of disease occurrence locations to numerical grid coordinates (latitude and longitude). Specifically, we develop three datasets from the same, original monkeypox disease occurrence data, with varying levels of care and effort: the first based on an automated web-service, the second improving on the first by reference to additional maps and digital gazetteers, and the third improving still more based on extensive consultation of legacy surveillance records that provided considerable additional information about each case. To illustrate the implications of these seemingly subtle improvements in data quality, we develop ecological niche models and predictive maps of monkeypox transmission risk based on each of the three occurrence data sets. Results: We found macrogeographic variations in ecological niche models depending on the type of georeferencing method used. Less-careful georeferencing identified much smaller areas as having potential for monkeypox transmission in the Sahel region, as well as around the rim of the Congo Basin. These results have implications for mapping efforts, as each higher level of georeferencing precision required considerably greater time investment. Conclusions: The importance of careful georeferencing cannot be overlooked, despite it being a time- and labor-intensive process. Investment in archival storage of primary disease-occurrence data is merited, and improved digital gazetteers are needed to support public health mapping activities, particularly in developing countries, where maps and geographic information may be sparse. C1 [Lash, R. Ryan] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carroll, Darin S.; Hughes, Christine M.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Karem, Kevin; Damon, Inger K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Poxvirus Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Lash, RR (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM rlash@cdc.gov RI Lash, R. Ryan/E-4115-2013; OI Peterson, A. Townsend/0000-0003-0243-2379 NR 79 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-072X J9 INT J HEALTH GEOGR JI Int. J. Health Geogr. PD JUN 27 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1476-072X-11-23 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 012FE UT WOS:000309220200001 PM 22738820 ER PT J AU Skums, P Dimitrova, Z Campo, DS Vaughan, G Rossi, L Forbi, JC Yokosawa, J Zelikovsky, A Khudyakov, Y AF Skums, Pavel Dimitrova, Zoya Campo, David S. Vaughan, Gilberto Rossi, Livia Forbi, Joseph C. Yokosawa, Jonny Zelikovsky, Alex Khudyakov, Yury TI Efficient error correction for next-generation sequencing of viral amplicons SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Bioinformatics Research and Applications (ISBRA) CY MAY 27-29, 2011 CL Cent S Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA HO Cent S Univ ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; SHORT READS; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION AB Background: Next-generation sequencing allows the analysis of an unprecedented number of viral sequence variants from infected patients, presenting a novel opportunity for understanding virus evolution, drug resistance and immune escape. However, sequencing in bulk is error prone. Thus, the generated data require error identification and correction. Most error-correction methods to date are not optimized for amplicon analysis and assume that the error rate is randomly distributed. Recent quality assessment of amplicon sequences obtained using 454-sequencing showed that the error rate is strongly linked to the presence and size of homopolymers, position in the sequence and length of the amplicon. All these parameters are strongly sequence specific and should be incorporated into the calibration of error-correction algorithms designed for amplicon sequencing. Results: In this paper, we present two new efficient error correction algorithms optimized for viral amplicons: (i) k-mer-based error correction (KEC) and (ii) empirical frequency threshold (ET). Both were compared to a previously published clustering algorithm (SHORAH), in order to evaluate their relative performance on 24 experimental datasets obtained by 454-sequencing of amplicons with known sequences. All three algorithms show similar accuracy in finding true haplotypes. However, KEC and ET were significantly more efficient than SHORAH in removing false haplotypes and estimating the frequency of true ones. Conclusions: Both algorithms, KEC and ET, are highly suitable for rapid recovery of error-free haplotypes obtained by 454-sequencing of amplicons from heterogeneous viruses. The implementations of the algorithms and data sets used for their testing are available at: http://alan.cs.gsu.edu/NGS/?q=content/pyrosequencing-error-correction-algorithm C1 [Skums, Pavel; Dimitrova, Zoya; Campo, David S.; Vaughan, Gilberto; Rossi, Livia; Forbi, Joseph C.; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yokosawa, Jonny] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Virol Lab, Inst Ciencias Biomed, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Zelikovsky, Alex] Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Skums, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kki8@cdc.gov RI Campo, David S./C-5072-2011; Zelikovsky, Alexander/A-9049-2008 OI Campo, David S./0000-0002-8970-3436; Zelikovsky, Alexander/0000-0003-4424-4691 NR 27 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUN 25 PY 2012 VL 13 SU 10 AR S6 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-13-S10-S6 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 970OB UT WOS:000306140100006 PM 22759430 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Grosse, SD Grant, AM Hooper, WC Atrash, HK AF Tsai, James Grosse, Scott D. Grant, Althea M. Hooper, W. Craig Atrash, Hani K. TI Trends in In-Hospital Deaths Among Hospitalizations With Pulmonary Embolism SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Tsai, James; Grosse, Scott D.; Grant, Althea M.; Hooper, W. Craig; Atrash, Hani K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 25 PY 2012 VL 172 IS 12 BP 960 EP 961 DI 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.198 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 963BD UT WOS:000305594200018 PM 22473671 ER PT J AU Javanbakht, M Stahlman, S Walker, S Gottlieb, S Markowitz, L Liddon, N Plant, A Guerry, S AF Javanbakht, Marjan Stahlman, Shauna Walker, Susan Gottlieb, Sami Markowitz, Lauri Liddon, Nicole Plant, Aaron Guerry, Sarah TI Provider perceptions of barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination in a high-risk community SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HPV; Vaccine; Medical provider; Qualitative research ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; CANCER PREVENTION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; MEXICO BORDER; WOMEN; ATTITUDES; ADOLESCENTS; DELIVERY; PARENTS; US AB Background: Maximizing HPV vaccine uptake among those at highest risk for cervical cancer is critical. We explored healthcare provider perspectives on factors influencing HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in a community with high cervical cancer rates. Methods: From March to May 2009, we conducted in-depth interviews with 21 medical staff providing care to adolescent girls at two clinics in Los Angeles, CA, serving a predominantly Hispanic population with high cervical cancer rates. Interviews were recorded and transcribed data were reviewed for coding and thematic content related to potential barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination. Results: Providers and medical staff overwhelmingly focused on parental beliefs as barriers to HPV vaccination. Perceived parental misconceptions acting as barriers included the belief that adolescents do not need vaccinations and that no-cost vaccine programs like Vaccines for Children are only available for younger children. Perceived parental concerns that the vaccine will promote sexual activity were prevalent, which prompted providers to frame HPV vaccine as a "routine" vaccine. However, the medical staff felt mothers with a friend or relative supportive of HPV vaccination were more likely to request the vaccine. The staff also noted that for Hispanic parents the "preferred" source of information is peers: if the "right people" in the community were supportive of HPV vaccine, parents were more willing to vaccinate. Other barriers included lack of immunization records among immigrant parents and a difficult-to-reach, mobile clientele. Conclusions: Providers noted a number of barriers to HPV vaccination, including some perceived parental misconceptions that could be addressed with education about the need for adolescent vaccines and available free vaccine programs. Because community support appears particularly important to Hispanic parents, the use of promotoras - peer liaisons between health organizations and the community - may increase HPV vaccine uptake in this population. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Javanbakht, Marjan; Stahlman, Shauna] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Walker, Susan; Plant, Aaron; Guerry, Sarah] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Sexually Transmitted Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami; Markowitz, Lauri; Liddon, Nicole] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Javanbakht, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Epidemiol, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM javan@ucla.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Association of Medical Colleges [MM-1006-07/07] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Association of Medical Colleges Cooperative Agreement (MM-1006-07/07). NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 22 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 30 BP 4511 EP 4516 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.062 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 024NY UT WOS:000310117100015 PM 22561142 ER PT J AU Gidudu, JF Walco, GA Taddio, A Zempsky, WT Halperin, SA Calugar, A Gibbs, NA Hennig, R Jovancevic, M Netterlid, E O'Connor, T Oleske, JM Varricchio, F Tsai, TF Seifert, H Schuind, AE AF Gidudu, Jane F. Walco, Gary A. Taddio, Anna Zempsky, William T. Halperin, Scott A. Calugar, Angela Gibbs, Neville A. Hennig, Renald Jovancevic, Milivoj Netterlid, Eva O'Connor, Terri Oleske, James M. Varricchio, Frederick Tsai, Theodore F. Seifert, Harry Schuind, Anne E. CA Brighton Immunization Site Pain TI Immunization site pain: Case definition and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization site pain; Adverse event; Immunization; Guidelines; Case definition ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REDUCING INJECTION PAIN; ADVERSE EVENTS; PEDIATRIC PAIN; SELF-REPORT; 6-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN; BEHAVIORAL MEASURES; VACCINATION; VACCINES C1 [Gidudu, Jane F.; Calugar, Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walco, Gary A.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle Childrens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Taddio, Anna] Univ Toronto, Leslie L Dan Fac Pharm, Div Clin Social & Adm Pharm, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Taddio, Anna] Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Zempsky, William T.] Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Div Pain & Palliat Med, Storrs, CT USA. [Halperin, Scott A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Pediat & Microbiol & Immunol, Canadian Ctr Vaccinol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Gibbs, Neville A.] US FDA, Div Anesthesia Analgesia & Rheumatol Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Hennig, Renald] Scratch GbR, Pharmacovigilance Serv, Butzbach, Germany. [Jovancevic, Milivoj] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [O'Connor, Terri] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Community Hlth Syst Northcent Dist 1, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Oleske, James M.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Pediat, Div Pulm Allergy Immunol & Infect Dis, Newark, NJ USA. [Tsai, Theodore F.] Novartis Vaccines, Cambridge, MA USA. [Seifert, Harry; Schuind, Anne E.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, King Of Prussia, PA USA. RP Gidudu, JF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM contact@brightoncollaboration.org RI Oleske, James/C-1951-2016 OI Oleske, James/0000-0003-2305-5605 NR 92 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 22 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 30 BP 4558 EP 4577 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.085 PG 20 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 024NY UT WOS:000310117100021 PM 22521267 ER PT J AU Kiawi, E McLellan-Lemal, E Mosoko, J Chillag, K Raghunathan, PL AF Kiawi, Emmanuel McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor Mosoko, Jembia Chillag, Kata Raghunathan, Pratima L. TI "Research participants want to feel they are better off than they were before research was introduced to them": engaging cameroonian rural plantation populations in HIV research SO BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS LA English DT Article ID VACCINE TRIALS; WILLINGNESS; COMMUNITIES; INFECTION; MEN; GAY AB Background: During a period of evolving international consensus on how to engage communities in research, facilitators and barriers to participation in HIV prevention research were explored in a rural plantation community in the coastal region of Cameroon. Methods: A formative rapid assessment using structured observations, focus group discussions (FGD), and key informant interviews (KIIs) was conducted with a purposive non-probabilistic sample of plantation workers and their household members. Eligibility criteria included living or working >1 year within the plantation community and age >18 years. Both rapid and in-depth techniques were used to complete thematic analysis. Results: Sixty-five persons participated in the study (6 FGDs and 12 KIIs). Participants viewed malaria and gastrointestinal conditions as more common health concerns than HIV. They identified three factors as contributing to HIV risk: concurrent sexual relationships, sex work, and infrequent condom use. Interviewees perceived that the community would participate in HIV research if it is designed to: (1) improve community welfare, (2) provide comprehensive health services and treatment for illnesses, (3) protect the personal information of participants, especially those who test positive for HIV, (4) provide participant incentives, (5) incorporate community input, and (6) minimize disruptions to "everyday life". Barriers to participation included: (1) fear of HIV testing, (2) mistrust of researchers given possible disrespect or intolerance of plantation community life and lack of concern for communication, (3) time commitment demands, (3) medical care and treatment that would be difficult or costly to access, and (4) life disruptions along with potential requirements for changes in behaviour (i.e., engage in or abstain from alcohol use and sex activities). Conclusions: Consistent with UNAIDS guidelines for good participatory practice in HIV prevention research, study participants placed a high premium on researchers' politeness, trust, respect, communication, tolerance and empathy towards their community. Plantation community members viewed provision of comprehensive health services as an important community benefit likely to enhance HIV research participation. C1 [Kiawi, Emmanuel; Mosoko, Jembia; Raghunathan, Pratima L.] US Embassy, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Kiawi, Emmanuel; Mosoko, Jembia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Mutengene, Cameroon. [McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor; Chillag, Kata; Raghunathan, Pratima L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Raghunathan, Pratima L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Kiawi, E (reprint author), US Embassy, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Cameroon, BP 817, Yaounde, Cameroon. EM EKiawi@cm.cdc.gov OI McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor/0000-0002-1884-9315 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-698X J9 BMC INT HEALTH HUM R JI BMC Int. Health Hum. Rights. PD JUN 22 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 8 DI 10.1186/1472-698X-12-8 PG 12 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 014QY UT WOS:000309392000001 PM 22726937 ER PT J AU Torres, AG Cieza, RJ Rojas-Lopez, M Blumentritt, CA Souza, CS Johnston, RK Strockbine, N Kaper, JB Sbrana, E Popov, VL AF Torres, Alfredo G. Cieza, Roberto J. Rojas-Lopez, Maricarmen Blumentritt, Carla A. Souza, Cristiane S. Johnston, R. Katie Strockbine, Nancy Kaper, James B. Sbrana, Elena Popov, Vsevolod L. TI In vivo bioluminescence imaging of Escherichia coli O104:H4 and role of aerobactin during colonization of a mouse model of infection SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; GENOMIC ANALYSIS; IRON UPTAKE; VIRULENCE; OUTBREAK; STRAINS; EXPRESSION; INTESTINE; PATHOGENS; TRANSPORT AB Background: A major outbreak of bloody diarrhea associated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 occurred early in 2011, to which an unusual number of hemolytic uremic syndrome cases were linked. Due to limited information regarding pathogenesis and/or virulence properties of this particular serotype, we investigated the contribution of the aerobactin iron transport system during in vitro and in vivo conditions. Results: A bioluminescent reporter construct was used to perform real-time monitoring of E. coli O104:H4 in a mouse model of infection. We verified that our reporter strain maintained characteristics and growth kinetics that were similar to those of the wild-type E. coli strain. We found that the intestinal cecum of ICR (CD-1) mice was colonized by O104:H4, with bacteria persisting for up to 7 days after intragastric inoculation. MALDI-TOF analysis of heat-extracted proteins was performed to identify putative surface-exposed virulence determinants. A protein with a high similarity to the aerobactin iron receptor was identified and further demonstrated to be up-regulated in E. coli O104:H4 when grown on MacConkey agar or during iron-depleted conditions. Because the aerobactin iron acquisition system is a key virulence factor in Enterobacteriaceae, an isogenic aerobactin receptor (iutA) mutant was created and its intestinal fitness assessed in the murine model. We demonstrated that the aerobactin mutant was out-competed by the wild-type E. coli O104:H4 during in vivo competition experiments, and the mutant was unable to persist in the cecum. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that bioluminescent imaging is a useful tool to monitor E. coli O104:H4 colonization properties, and the murine model can become a rapid way to evaluate bacterial factors associated with fitness and/or colonization during E. coli O104:H4 infections. C1 [Torres, Alfredo G.; Cieza, Roberto J.; Rojas-Lopez, Maricarmen; Blumentritt, Carla A.; Souza, Cristiane S.; Johnston, R. Katie; Sbrana, Elena] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Torres, Alfredo G.; Popov, Vsevolod L.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Souza, Cristiane S.] Inst Butantan, Bacteriol Lab, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Strockbine, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kaper, James B.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Torres, AG (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM altorres@utmb.edu OI Kaper, James/0000-0003-0715-2907 FU UTMB discretionary funds; NIH/NIAID grant [5U01AI082103] FX The work in the AGT laboratory was supported by UTMB discretionary funds and partially by NIH/NIAID grant 5U01AI082103. The authors would like to thank Dr. Douglas Botkin for technical advice and support. We are grateful to Mardelle Susman for many helpful editorial suggestions on this manuscript. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAID or NIH. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 112 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-12-112 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 004AT UT WOS:000308653200001 PM 22716772 ER PT J AU Shi, GQ He, J Shen, T Fontaine, RE Yang, L Zhou, ZY Gao, H Xu, YF Qin, C Yang, ZL Liu, JK Huang, WL Zeng, G AF Shi, GuoQing He, Jun Shen, Tao Fontaine, Robert E. Yang, Lin Zhou, ZhongYu Gao, Hong Xu, YanFeng Qin, Chuan Yang, ZhuLiang Liu, JiKai Huang, WenLi Zeng, Guang TI Hypoglycemia and Death in Mice Following Experimental Exposure to an Extract of Trogia venenata Mushrooms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Clusters of sudden unexplained death (SUD) in Yunnan Province, China, have been linked to eating Trogia venenata mushrooms. We evaluated the toxic effect of this mushroom on mice. Methods: We prepared extracts of fresh T. venenata and Laccaria vinaceoavellanea mushrooms collected from the environs of a village that had SUD. We randomly allocated mice into treatment groups and administered mushroom extracts at doses ranging from 500 to 3500 mg/kg and water (control) via a gavage needle. We observed mice for mortality for 7 days after a 3500 mg/kg dose and for 24 hours after doses from 500 to 3000 mg/kg. We determined biochemical markers from serum two hours after a 2000 mg/kg dose. Results: Ten mice fed T. venenata extract (3500 mg/kg) died by five hours whereas all control mice (L. vinaceoavellanea extract and water) survived the seven-day observation period. All mice died by five hours after exposure to single doses of T. venenata extract ranging from 1500 to 3000 mg/kg, while the four mice exposed to a 500 mg/kg dose all survived. Mice fed 2000 mg/kg of T. venenata extract developed profound hypoglycemia (median = 0.66 mmol/L) two hours after exposure. Discussion: Hypoglycemia and death within hours of exposure, a pattern unique among mushroom toxicity, characterize T. venenata poisoning. C1 [Shi, GuoQing; Shen, Tao; Fontaine, Robert E.; Zeng, Guang] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [He, Jun; Gao, Hong; Xu, YanFeng; Qin, Chuan] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. [He, Jun; Gao, Hong; Xu, YanFeng; Qin, Chuan] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Lab Anim Sci, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yang, Lin; Huang, WenLi] Yunnan Inst Endem Dis Control & Prevent, Dali, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Zhou, ZhongYu; Yang, ZhuLiang; Liu, JiKai] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, State Key Lab Phytochem & Plant Resources W China, Kunming, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. RP Shi, GQ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM hwenli63@163.com; zeng4605@vip.sina.com FU Ministry of Health, China [200802002]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB522300] FX Funding came from Scientific Research Special Funds (200802002) of the Ministry of Health, China, and National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB522300). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e38712 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038712 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 964KK UT WOS:000305693200021 PM 22745677 ER PT J AU Dobbins, C Marishta, K Kuehnert, P Arbisi, M Darnall, E Conover, C Howland, J Powell, K Althomsons, S Bamrah, S Garrett, D Haddad, M AF Dobbins, Claire Marishta, Kate Kuehnert, Paul Arbisi, Michael Darnall, Elaine Conover, Craig Howland, Julia Powell, Krista Althomsons, Sandy Bamrah, Sapna Garrett, Denise Haddad, Maryam TI Tuberculosis Outbreak Associated With a Homeless Shelter-Kane County, Illinois, 2007-2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 186-189, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Powell, Krista; Althomsons, Sandy; Bamrah, Sapna; Garrett, Denise; Haddad, Maryam] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arbisi, Michael; Darnall, Elaine; Conover, Craig] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. RP Powell, K (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM duf8@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 23 BP 2480 EP 2482 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 960MB UT WOS:000305391400009 ER PT J AU Di Angelantonio, E Gao, P Pennells, L Kaptoge, S Caslake, M Thompson, A Butterworth, AS Sarwar, N Wormser, D Saleheen, D Ballantyne, CM Psaty, BM Sundstrom, J Ridker, PM Nagel, D Gillum, RF Ford, I Ducimetiere, P Kiechl, S Dullaart, RPF Assmann, G D'Agostino, RB Dagenais, GR Cooper, JA Kromhout, D Onat, A Tipping, RW Gomez-de-la-Camara, A Rosengren, A Sutherland, SE Gallacher, J Fowkes, FGR Casiglia, E Hofman, A Salomaa, V Barrett-Connor, E Clarke, R Brunner, E Jukema, JW Simons, LA Sandhu, M Wareham, NJ Khaw, KT Kauhanen, J Salonen, JT Howard, WJ Nordestgaard, BG Wood, AM Thompson, SG Boekholdt, SM Sattar, N Packard, C Gudnason, V Danesh, J AF Di Angelantonio, Emanuele Gao, Pei Pennells, Lisa Kaptoge, Stephen Caslake, Muriel Thompson, Alexander Butterworth, Adam S. Sarwar, Nadeem Wormser, David Saleheen, Danish Ballantyne, Christie M. Psaty, Bruce M. Sundstrom, Johan Ridker, Paul M. Nagel, Dorothea Gillum, Richard F. Ford, Ian Ducimetiere, Pierre Kiechl, Stefan Dullaart, Robin P. F. Assmann, Gerd D'Agostino, Ralph B. Dagenais, Gilles R. Cooper, Jackie A. Kromhout, Daan Onat, Altan Tipping, Robert W. Gomez-de-la-Camara, Agustin Rosengren, Annika Sutherland, Susan E. Gallacher, John Fowkes, F. Gerry R. Casiglia, Edoardo Hofman, Albert Salomaa, Veikko Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth Clarke, Robert Brunner, Eric Jukema, J. Wouter Simons, Leon A. Sandhu, Manjinder Wareham, Nicholas J. Khaw, Kay-Tee Kauhanen, Jussi Salonen, Jukka T. Howard, William J. Nordestgaard, Borge G. Wood, Angela M. Thompson, Simon G. Boekholdt, S. Matthijs Sattar, Naveed Packard, Chris Gudnason, Vilmundur Danesh, John CA Emerging Risk Factors Collaboratio TI Lipid-Related Markers and Cardiovascular Disease Prediction SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; NON-HDL CHOLESTEROL; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; LDL CHOLESTEROL; A-I; RISK; LIPOPROTEIN(A); METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION AB Context The value of assessing various emerging lipid-related markers for prediction of first cardiovascular events is debated. Objective To determine whether adding information on apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I, lipoprotein(a), or lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) to total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) improves cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction. Design, Setting, and Participants Individual records were available for 165 544 participants without baseline CVD in 37 prospective cohorts (calendar years of recruitment: 1968-2007) with up to 15 126 incident fatal or nonfatal CVD outcomes (10 132 CHD and 4994 stroke outcomes) during a median follow-up of 10.4 years (interquartile range, 7.6-14 years). Main Outcome Measures Discrimination of CVD outcomes and reclassification of participants across predicted 10-year risk categories of low (<10%), intermediate (10%-<20%), and high (>= 20%) risk. Results The addition of information on various lipid-related markers to total cholesterol, HDL-C, and other conventional risk factors yielded improvement in the model's discrimination: C-index change, 0.0006 (95% CI, 0.0002-0.0009) for the combination of apolipoprotein B and A-I; 0.0016 (95% CI, 0.0009-0.0023) for lipoprotein(a); and 0.0018 (95% CI, 0.0010-0.0026) for lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) mass. Net reclassification improvements were less than 1% with the addition of each of these markers to risk scores containing conventional risk factors. We estimated that for 100 000 adults aged 40 years or older, 15 436 would be initially classified at intermediate risk using conventional risk factors alone. Additional testing with a combination of apolipoprotein B and A-I would reclassify 1.1%; lipoprotein(a), 4.1%; and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) mass, 2.7% of people to a 20% or higher predicted CVD risk category and, therefore, in need of statin treatment under Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Conclusion In a study of individuals without known CVD, the addition of information on the combination of apolipoprotein B and A-I, lipoprotein(a), or lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) mass to risk scores containing total cholesterol and HDL-C led to slight improvement in CVD prediction. JAMA. 2012; 307(23):2499-2506 www.jama.com C1 [Di Angelantonio, Emanuele; Gao, Pei; Pennells, Lisa; Kaptoge, Stephen; Thompson, Alexander; Butterworth, Adam S.; Sarwar, Nadeem; Wormser, David; Saleheen, Danish; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Thompson, Simon G.; Danesh, John] Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. [Caslake, Muriel] Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Sundstrom, Johan] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Ridker, Paul M.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nagel, Dorothea] LMU, Klinikum Univ Munchen, Munich, Germany. [Gillum, Richard F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. [Ford, Ian] Univ Glasgow, Robertson Ctr Biostat, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Ducimetiere, Pierre] INSERM, F-75654 Paris 13, France. [Kiechl, Stefan] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Neurol, Innsbruck, Austria. [Kiechl, Stefan] Univ Ulm, Dept Internal Med Cardiol 2, Med Ctr, Ulm, Germany. [Dullaart, Robin P. F.] Univ Groningen, Univ Groningen Hosp, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. [D'Agostino, Ralph B.] Boston Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Dagenais, Gilles R.] Inst Univ Cardiol & Pneumolo Quebec, Dept Med, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Cooper, Jackie A.] UCL, Ctr Cardiovasc Genet, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Kromhout, Daan] Wageningen Univ, Div Human Nutr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Onat, Altan] Istanbul Univ, Inst Expt Med Res, Istanbul, Turkey. [Tipping, Robert W.] Merck Res Labs, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Gomez-de-la-Camara, Agustin] Hosp 12 Octubre, Unidad Invest, E-28041 Madrid, Spain. [Rosengren, Annika] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Med, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Sutherland, Susan E.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Gallacher, John] Cardiff Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Fowkes, F. Gerry R.] Univ Edinburgh, Wolfson Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Casiglia, Edoardo] Univ Pavia, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Padua, Italy. [Hofman, Albert] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Salomaa, Veikko] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Epidemiol, Helsinki, Finland. [Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Brunner, Eric] Univ Oxford, Clin Trials Serv Unit, Oxford, England. [Brunner, Eric] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Jukema, J. Wouter] Leiden Univ, Dept Cardiol, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. [Simons, Leon A.] Univ New S Wales, Lipid Res Dept, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia. [Kauhanen, Jussi] Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. [Salonen, Jukka T.] Metab Analyt Serv Inc, Helsinki, Finland. [Howard, William J.] Washington Hosp Ctr, Hlth Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Nordestgaard, Borge G.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Clin Biochem, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Sattar, Naveed] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Packard, Chris] Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. RP Danesh, J (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. EM erfc@medschl.cam.ac.uk RI Kromhout, Daan/A-8566-2014; Sundstrom, Johan/A-6286-2009; Boekholdt, Matthijs/G-7562-2014; Gudnason, Vilmundur/K-6885-2015; OI Sundstrom, Johan/0000-0003-2247-8454; Gudnason, Vilmundur/0000-0001-5696-0084; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele/0000-0001-8776-6719; Benn, Marianne/0000-0002-1701-595X; Kivimaki, Mika/0000-0002-4699-5627; Willeit, Peter/0000-0002-1866-7159; Marmot, Michael/0000-0002-2431-6419 FU British Heart Foundation; European Union; Lead-up Medical Network; Merck Sharp and Dohme; John Wiley Son; Elsevier (France); Medical Research Council; UK National Institute of Health Research; Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; Roche; GlaxoSmithKline; National Institute of Health; Wellcome Trust; Abbott; Amarin; AstraZeneca; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Gentech; Kowa; Merck; Novartis; Sanofi-Synthelabo; Takeda; National Institutes of Health; American Diabetes Association; American Heart Association; Adnexus; Amylin; Esperion; Genetech; Idera Pharma, Kowa; Omthera; Pfizer; Resverlogix; Medtronic; Vascular Bio-genics; ISIS Inc; Genzyme; Else Kroner Fresenius Foundation; Vifor Company; Federal Ministry of Education and Research; Boehringer Ingelheim; Cerenis; BioInvet; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Canadian Institutes Health Research; Heart and Stroke of Canada; Netherlands Prevention Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation; BUPA Foundation; Denka; diaDexus; European Research Council; Evelyn Trust; Fogarty International Centre; UK Biobank FX All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Di Angelantonio reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation and European Union; compensation for consultancy and lecturers from Lead-up Medical Network, Merck Sharp and Dohme, and John Wiley & Sons; support for travel or accommodations from Pfizer; and royalties from Elsevier (France). Dr Gao reported that she has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation and the Medical Research Council. Dr Pennells reported that she has received research funding from the Medical Research Council. Dr Kaptoge reported that he has received research funding from British Heart Foundation, Medical Research Council, UK National Institute of Health Research, and Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. Dr Caslake reported that she has received research funding from Roche and Merck Sharp and Dohme and support for travel and accommodations from Randox Laboratories and Denka Seiken. Dr A. Thompson reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation and Medical Research Council; has been an employee of Roche Products Ltd since September 2011; and has received compensation from GlaxoSmithKline for giving lectures. Dr Sarwar reported that he has been an employee of Pfizer Inc since April 2011. Dr Wormser reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation and Medical Research Council. Dr Saleheen reported that he has received research funding from the National Institute of Health and Wellcome Trust. Dr Ballantyne reported that she has received research funding from Abbott, Amarin, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Gentech, Kowa, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Synthelabo, Takeda, National Institutes of Health, American Diabetes Association, and American Heart Association and compensation for consultancy and for lectures from Abbott, Adnexus, Amarin, Amylin, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Esperion, Genetech, GlaxoSmithKline, Idera Pharma, Kowa, Merck, Novartis, Omthera, Pfizer, Resverlogix, Roche, Sanofi-Synthelabo, and Takeda. Dr Psaty reported that he serves on a data safety and monitoring board for a clinical trial of a device funded by the manufacturer Zoll LieCor and on the Steering Committee for the Yale Open-Data Project funded by Medtronic. Dr Ridker reported that he is listed as a coinventor on patents held by the Brigham and Women's Hospital that relate to the use of inflammatory biomarkers in cardiovascular disease and diabetes that have been licensed to AstraZeneca and Seimens; received research funding from AstraZeneca and Novartis; and compensation for consultancy from Merck, Vascular Bio-genics, ISIS Inc, and Genzyme. Dr Kiechl reported that he has received research funding from the Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Dr Koenig reported that he has received research funding from the Else Kroner Fresenius Foundation, Vifor Company, European Union, Federal Ministry of Education and Research and Boehringer Ingelheim; and compensation for consultancy and lecturers from Roche, Cerenis, Anthera, BioInvet, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Roche, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr Assmann reported that he has received compensation for consultancy and lecturers from Merck Sharp and Dohme, and Residual Risk Reduction Initiative and has served on board for the Residual Risk Reduction Initiative.; Dr Dagenais reported that he has received research funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Canadian Institutes Health Research, and Heart and Stroke of Canada and compensation for expert testimony and lecturers from Abbott and Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr Kromhout reported that he has received research funding from the Netherlands Prevention Foundation. Mr Tipping reported that he is an employee of Merck. Dr Rosengren reported that she has received research funding from the Swedish Research Council and Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. Dr Barrett-Connor reported that she has received research funding from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Clarke reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation. Dr Brunner reported that he has received research funding from the Medical Research Council and British Heart Foundation. Dr Jukema reported that he has received research funding from the European Union. Dr Sandhu reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation. Dr Wareham reported that he has received research funding from the Medical Research Council. Dr Khaw reported that she has received research funding from the UK Medical Research Council and Cancer Research. Dr Howard reported that he has received compensation for consultancy and lecturers from Merck, Abbott, and GlaxoSmithKline. Dr S. G. Thompson reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation. Dr Sattar reported that he has received research funding from Pfizer and has served on the advisory board for Niaspan for Merck Sharp and Dohme. Dr Packard reported that he has received compensation for consultancy and lecturers from AstraZeneca, Roche, and Merck Sharp and Dohme. Dr Danesh reported that he has received research funding from the British Heart Foundation, BUPA Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Denka, diaDexus, European Union, European Research Council, Evelyn Trust, Fogarty International Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Medical Research Council, Merck Sharp and Dohme, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute for Health Research, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Wellcome Trust, and UK Biobank and has served on advisory boards for Merck, Pfizer, and Novartis. All other members of the writing committee declare that they have no conflicts of interest. NR 32 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 20 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 23 BP 2499 EP 2506 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.6571 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 960MB UT WOS:000305391400026 ER PT J AU Gandhi, MP Kumar, AMV Toshniwal, MN Reddy, RHR Oeltmann, JE Nair, SA Satyanarayana, S Dewan, PK Mannan, S AF Gandhi, Mohit Padamchand Kumar, Ajay M. V. Toshniwal, Manoj Nandkishor Reddy, Raveendra H. R. Oeltmann, John E. Nair, Sreenivas Achuthan Satyanarayana, Srinath Dewan, Puneet Kumar Mannan, Shamim TI Sputum Smear Microscopy at Two Months into Continuation-Phase: Should It Be Done in All Patients with Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) of India recommends follow-up sputum smear examination at two months into the continuation phase of treatment. The main intent of this (mid-CP) follow-up is to detect patients not responding to treatment around two-three months earlier than at the end of the treatment. However, the utility of mid-CP follow-up under programmatic conditions has been questioned. We undertook a multi-district study to determine if mid-CP follow-up is able to detect cases of treatment failures early among all types of patients with sputum smear-positive TB. Methodology: We reviewed existing records of patients with sputum smear-positive TB registered under the RNTCP in 43 districts across three states of India during a three month period in 2009. We estimated proportions of patients that could be detected as a case of treatment failure early, and assessed the impact of various policy options on laboratory workload and number needed to test to detect one case of treatment failure early. Results: Of 10055 cases, mid-CP follow-up was done in 6944 (69%) cases. Mid-CP follow-up could benefit 117/8015 (1.5%) new and 206/2040 (10%) previously-treated sputum smear-positive cases by detecting their treatment failure early. Under the current policy, 31 patients had to be tested to detect one case of treatment failure early. All cases of treatment failure would still be detected early if mid-CP follow-up were discontinued for new sputum smear-positive cases who become sputum smear-negative after the intensive-phase of treatment. This would reduce the related laboratory workload by 69% and only 10 patients would need to be tested to detect one case of treatment failure early. Conclusion: Discontinuation of mid-CP follow-up among new sputum smear-positive cases who become sputum smear-negative after completing the intensive-phase of treatment will reduce the laboratory workload without impacting overall early detection of cases of treatment failure. C1 [Gandhi, Mohit Padamchand; Toshniwal, Manoj Nandkishor; Nair, Sreenivas Achuthan; Dewan, Puneet Kumar; Mannan, Shamim] Off World Hlth Org Representat India, New Delhi, India. [Kumar, Ajay M. V.; Satyanarayana, Srinath] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, SE Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. [Reddy, Raveendra H. R.] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Oeltmann, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kumar, Ajay M. V.] Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Cent TB Div, Directorate Gen Hlth Serv, New Delhi, India. RP Gandhi, MP (reprint author), Off World Hlth Org Representat India, New Delhi, India. EM gandhim@tbcindia.nic.in FU Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds; WHO-India from United States Agency for International Development funds FX The study was conducted as a part of the 'TB Operations Research Training Project' aimed to build operational research capacity within the Government of India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Progra. This training project was conceived and implemented jointly by Central TB Division (Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India), The National TB Institute (Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India Bangalore, India), World Health Organization (WHO)(India Country Office), The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (The Union, South-East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India) and United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Division of TB Elimination, Atlanta, United States of America). Funding support was provided in part by The Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds and by WHO-India from United States Agency for International Development funds. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e39296 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039296 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 963VI UT WOS:000305652700064 PM 22723991 ER PT J AU De Cock, KM Jaffe, HW Curran, JW AF De Cock, Kevin M. Jaffe, Harold W. Curran, James W. TI The evolving epidemiology of HIV/AIDS SO AIDS LA English DT Review DE antiretroviral therapy; epidemiology; history; HIV/AIDS; prevention ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; UNITED-STATES; HIV-INFECTION; MALE CIRCUMCISION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RISK-FACTORS AB Following its recognition in 1981, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has evolved to become the greatest challenge in global health, with some 34 million persons living with HIV worldwide. Early epidemiologic studies identified the major transmission routes of the virus before it was discovered, and enabled the implementation of prevention strategies. Although the first identified cases were in MSM in the United States and western Europe, the greatest impact of the epidemic has been in sub-Saharan Africa, where most of the transmission occurs between heterosexuals. Nine countries in southern Africa account for less than 2% of the world's population but now they represent about one third of global HIV infections. Where broadly implemented, HIV screening of donated blood and antiretroviral treatment (ART) of pregnant women have been highly effective in preventing transfusion-associated and perinatally acquired HIV, respectively. Access to sterile equipment has also been a successful intervention for injection drug users. Prevention of sexual transmission has been more difficult. Perhaps the greatest challenge in terms of prevention has been in the global community of MSM in which HIV remains endemic at high prevalence. The most promising interventions are male circumcision for prevention of female-to-male transmission and use of ART to reduce infectiousness, but the extent to which these interventions can be brought to scale will determine their population-level impact. (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [De Cock, Kevin M.; Jaffe, Harold W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Curran, James W.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP De Cock, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent MS D 69, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmd2@cdc.gov NR 123 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 8 U2 59 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1205 EP 1213 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328354622a PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 961NF UT WOS:000305471000009 PM 22706007 ER PT J AU Hughes, HR Crill, WD Chang, GJJ AF Hughes, Holly R. Crill, Wayne D. Chang, Gwong-Jen J. TI Manipulation of immunodominant dengue virus E protein epitopes reduces potential antibody-dependent enhancement SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Dengue virus; Vaccine; Antibody-dependent enhancement; Dengue hemorrhagic fever; Cross-reactive antibody; Immune refocusing ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; FUSION-LOOP ANTIBODY; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DOMAIN-III; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; WEST-NILE; INFECTION; VACCINE AB Background: Dengue viruses (DENV) are the most important arboviruses of humans and cause significant disease. Infection with DENV elicits antibody responses to the envelope glycoprotein, predominantly against immunodominant, cross-reactive, weakly-neutralizing epitopes. These weakly-neutralizing antibodies are implicated in enhancing infection via Fc gamma receptor bearing cells and can lead to increased viral loads that are associated with severe disease. Here we describe results from the development and testing of cross-reactivity reduced DENV-2 DNA vaccine candidates that contain substitutions in immunodominant B cell epitopes of the fusion peptide and domain III of the envelope protein. Results: Cross-reactivity reduced and wild-type vaccine candidates were similarly immunogenic in outbred mice and elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody, however mice immunized with cross-reactivity reduced vaccines produced significantly reduced levels of immunodominant cross-reactive antibodies. Sera from mice immunized with wild-type, fusion peptide-, or domain III-substitution containing vaccines enhanced heterologous DENV infection in vitro, unlike sera from mice immunized with a vaccine containing a combination of both fusion peptide and domain III substitutions. Passive transfer of immune sera from mice immunized with fusion peptide and domain III substitutions also reduced the development of severe DENV disease in AG129 mice when compared to mice receiving wild type immune sera. Conclusions: Reducing cross-reactivity in the envelope glycoprotein of DENV may be an approach to improve the quality of the anti-DENV immune response. C1 [Hughes, Holly R.; Crill, Wayne D.; Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Chang, GJJ (reprint author), US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gxc7@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 18 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 115 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-9-115 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 992XF UT WOS:000307813100001 PM 22709350 ER PT J AU Andon, FT Xiao, LS Song, XF Kisin, ER Murray, AR Shvedova, AA Mathur, S Fadeel, B AF Andon, Fernando Torres Xiao, Lisong Song, Xuefeng Kisin, Elena R. Murray, Ashley R. Shvedova, Anna A. Mathur, Sanjay Fadeel, Bengt TI Carbon-based nanomaterials trigger interleukin-1 beta secretion in human macrophages SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 48th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY JUN 17-20, 2012 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), Molnlycke Hlth Care, Ferring Pharmaceut, AstraZeneca, Agilent Technol C1 [Andon, Fernando Torres; Fadeel, Bengt] Karolinska Inst, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Xiao, Lisong; Song, Xuefeng; Mathur, Sanjay] Univ Cologne, Cologne, Germany. [Kisin, Elena R.; Murray, Ashley R.; Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Kisin, Elena R.; Murray, Ashley R.; Shvedova, Anna A.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RI Torres Andon, Fernando/D-5184-2009 OI Torres Andon, Fernando/0000-0001-9235-1278 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2012 VL 211 SU S BP S203 EP S203 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.729 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 957PB UT WOS:000305173900664 ER PT J AU Kapralov, AA Feng, WJH Andon, FT Chambers, BJ Klein-Seetharaman, J Star, A Shvedova, AA Fadeel, B Kagan, VE AF Kapralov, Alexander A. Feng, Weijong H. Andon, Fernando Torres Chambers, Benedict J. Klein-Seetharaman, Judith Star, Alexander Shvedova, Anna A. Fadeel, Bengt Kagan, Valerian E. TI Biodegradation of carbon nanotubes by eosinophil peroxidase SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 48th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY JUN 17-20, 2012 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), Molnlycke Hlth Care, Ferring Pharmaceut, AstraZeneca, Agilent Technol C1 [Kapralov, Alexander A.; Feng, Weijong H.; Klein-Seetharaman, Judith; Star, Alexander; Kagan, Valerian E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Andon, Fernando Torres; Chambers, Benedict J.; Fadeel, Bengt] Karolinska Inst, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RI Star, Alexander/C-3399-2013; Torres Andon, Fernando/D-5184-2009 OI Torres Andon, Fernando/0000-0001-9235-1278 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2012 VL 211 SU S BP S204 EP S204 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.731 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 957PB UT WOS:000305173900666 ER PT J AU Garbe, PL Callahan, DB Lu, PJ Euler, GL AF Garbe, Paul L. Callahan, David B. Lu, Peng-Jun Euler, Gary L. TI First Things First: Protecting Children with Asthma from Infection with Influenza SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Garbe, Paul L.; Callahan, David B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lu, Peng-Jun; Euler, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garbe, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 185 IS 12 BP I EP II DI 10.1164/rccm.201204-0621ED PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 955VR UT WOS:000305049500001 PM 22707742 ER PT J AU Soyseth, V Johnsen, HL Henneberger, PK Kongerud, J AF Soyseth, Vidar Johnsen, Helle Laier Henneberger, Paul K. Kongerud, Johny TI The Incidence of Work-related Asthma-like Symptoms and Dust Exposure in Norwegian Smelters SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE work-related asthma-like symptoms; incidence; dust exposure ID ALUMINUM POTROOM WORKERS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; FOLLOW-UP; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; IRRITANT GASES; EMPLOYEES; POPULATION; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREVALENCE; PREDICTORS AB Rationale: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among employees in smelters is positively associated with dust exposure. Objectives: To investigate the association between the incidence of work-related asthma-like symptoms (WASTH) and dust exposure. Methods: All the employees were invited to participate in a 5-year longitudinal study. The outcome of WASTH was defined as the combination of dyspnea and wheezing improving on rest days or vacation in an individual who had no asthma previously. Information about smoking and occupational status was obtained from a questionnaire. A job exposure matrix of total dust was developed. Multivariate data analyses were performed using Cox regression. Measurements and Main Results: The total follow-up time of the employees (n = 2,476) was 8,469 years, and the median follow-up time for participants was 4.0 years. During the follow-up, 91 employees developed WASTH, and the corresponding incidence rate for WASTH per 1,000 person-years was 8.9 (7.3-10.9) (95% confidence interval in parentheses). The risk ratio of WASTH increased significantly (P = 0.0001) with dust exposure in the middle and high categories (1.0-2.9 and >= 3.0 mg/m(3)). Stratified analyses showed that the effect of current dust exposure varied with both previous exposure (PE) to dust and fumes (P = 0.006) and airflow limitation (AFL) (P = 0.033). The final analyses showed that the risk ratios for WASTH per 1 mg/m(3) increase in current dust exposure were 1.1 (0.93-1.2), 1.4 (1.1-1.8), 1.6 (1.1-2.3), and 1.9 (1.2-3.0) for the categories (PE+/AFL-), (PE-/AFL-), (PE+/AFL+, and (PE-/AFL+). Conclusions: In conclusion, dust exposure was associated with an increased incidence of WASTH. C1 [Soyseth, Vidar] Univ Oslo, Dept Med, Akershus Univ Hosp, Fac Div, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway. [Soyseth, Vidar; Johnsen, Helle Laier; Kongerud, Johny] Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Med, Campus Akershus Univ Hosp, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway. [Soyseth, Vidar] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway. [Johnsen, Helle Laier] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Henneberger, Paul K.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Kongerud, Johny] Univ Oslo, Rikshosp, Radiumhosp, Fac Div,Dept Resp Med, N-0027 Oslo, Norway. RP Soyseth, V (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Med, Akershus Univ Hosp, Fac Div, N-1478 Lorenskog, Norway. EM vidar.soyseth@medisin.uio.no FU Business and Industry (CNBI); Federation of Norwegian Industries FX Supported by the Business and Industry (CNBI) (V.S., H.L.J., J.K.) and the Federation of Norwegian Industries. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 185 IS 12 BP 1280 EP 1285 DI 10.1164/rccm.201110-1809OC PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 955VR UT WOS:000305049500009 PM 22517789 ER PT J AU Charles, LE Burchfiel, CM Gu, JK Fekedulegn, D Violanti, JM Ma, CC Adjeroh, LC Andrew, ME AF Charles, L. E. Burchfiel, C. M. Gu, J. K. Fekedulegn, D. Violanti, J. M. Ma, C. C. Adjeroh, L. C. Andrew, M. E. TI ASSOCIATIONS OF SHIFT WORK WITH LEPTIN, INSULIN, AND ADIPONECTIN. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Charles, L. E.; Burchfiel, C. M.; Gu, J. K.; Fekedulegn, D.; Violanti, J. M.; Ma, C. C.; Adjeroh, L. C.; Andrew, M. E.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S118 EP S118 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400465 ER PT J AU Dawson, A Tinker, S Jamieson, D Hobbs, C Berry, RJ Anderka, M Keppler-Noreuil, K Lin, A Reefhuis, J AF Dawson, A. Tinker, S. Jamieson, D. Hobbs, C. Berry, R. J. Anderka, M. Keppler-Noreuil, K. Lin, A. Reefhuis, J. TI TWINNING AND BIRTH DEFECTS. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Dawson, A.; Tinker, S.; Jamieson, D.; Hobbs, C.; Berry, R. J.; Anderka, M.; Keppler-Noreuil, K.; Lin, A.; Reefhuis, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400221 ER PT J AU Dobrzynski, L Hines, R AF Dobrzynski, L. Hines, R. TI FINAL ASSESSMENT OF HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010 DIABETES OBJECTIVES AND LOOKING FORWARD TO THE NEXT DECADE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Dobrzynski, L.; Hines, R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S110 EP S110 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400431 ER PT J AU Gurley, L AF Gurley, L. TI METHODOLOGIES FOR MEASURING PROGRESS AND DISPARITIES IN HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Gurley, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HHS, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400278 ER PT J AU Huang, DT Hines, R AF Huang, D. T. Hines, R. TI DISPARITIES IN CANCER SCREENING AND DEATH RATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Huang, D. T.; Hines, R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RI Huang, David/A-5358-2009 OI Huang, David/0000-0002-8860-7469 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S102 EP S102 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400400 ER PT J AU Kancherla, V Braun, KV Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Kancherla, V. Braun, K. Van Naarden Yeargin-Allsopp, M. TI DENTAL CARE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY: METROPOLITAN ATLANTA DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES FOLLOW-UP STUDY. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Kancherla, V.; Braun, K. Van Naarden; Yeargin-Allsopp, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400109 ER PT J AU Li, J Thompson, T Joseph, DA Master, VA AF Li, J. Thompson, T. Joseph, D. A. Master, V. A. TI ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SMOKING STATUS AND FREE, TOTAL, AND PERCENT FREE PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Li, J.; Thompson, T.; Joseph, D. A.; Master, V. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400091 ER PT J AU Pastor, PN Reuben, CA AF Pastor, P. N. Reuben, C. A. TI RACIAL/ETHNIC AND FAMILY INCOME DIFFERENCES IN DIAGNOSED ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) FOR US CHILDREN AGED 7-11, NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY 1999-2010. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Pastor, P. N.; Reuben, C. A.] CDC, NCHS, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400126 ER PT J AU Polen, KND Alverson, CJ Callaghan, W Canfield, M Correa, A Duke, CW Marshall, E Olney, R Reefhuis, J Romitti, P Gilboa, SM AF Polen, K. N. D. Alverson, C. J. Callaghan, W. Canfield, M. Correa, A. Duke, C. W. Marshall, E. Olney, R. Reefhuis, J. Romitti, P. Gilboa, S. M. TI ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PREVIOUS FETAL LOSS AND BIRTH DEFECTS, NATIONAL BIRTH DEFECTS PREVENTION STUDY (NBDPS), 1997-2007. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Polen, K. N. D.; Alverson, C. J.; Callaghan, W.; Canfield, M.; Correa, A.; Duke, C. W.; Marshall, E.; Olney, R.; Reefhuis, J.; Romitti, P.; Gilboa, S. M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400227 ER PT J AU Ryskulova, A Klein, R Hines, R Fulton, J Wargo, J AF Ryskulova, A. Klein, R. Hines, R. Fulton, J. Wargo, J. TI HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OBJECTIVES: CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Ryskulova, A.; Klein, R.; Hines, R.; Fulton, J.; Wargo, J.] CDC, Presidents Council Fitness Sports & Nutr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400086 ER PT J AU Siddiqi, A Oakley, M Soucie, M duTreil, S Beckman, M Kulkarni, R Byams, V AF Siddiqi, A. Oakley, M. Soucie, M. duTreil, S. Beckman, M. Kulkarni, R. Byams, V. TI QUALITY OF LIFE IN MEN WITH HEMOPHILIA. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Siddiqi, A.; Oakley, M.; Soucie, M.; duTreil, S.; Beckman, M.; Kulkarni, R.; Byams, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S124 EP S124 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400487 ER PT J AU Benson, VS Atkin, WS Green, J Nadel, MR Patnick, J Smith, RA Villain, P AF Benson, Victoria S. Atkin, Wendy S. Green, Jane Nadel, Marion R. Patnick, Julietta Smith, Robert A. Villain, Patricia CA Int Colorectal Canc Screening Netw TI Toward standardizing and reporting colorectal cancer screening indicators on an international level: The international colorectal cancer screening network SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE colonoscopy; colorectal cancer screening; fecal occult blood test; flexible sigmoidoscopy; screening evaluation AB The International Colorectal Cancer Screening Network was established in 2003 to promote best practice in the delivery of organized colorectal cancer screening programs. To facilitate evaluation of such programs, we defined a set of universally applicable colorectal cancer screening measures and indicators. To test the feasibility of data collection, we requested data on these variables and basic program characteristics from 26 organized full programs and 9 pilot programs in 24 countries. The size of the target population for each program varied considerably from a few thousand to 36 million. The majority of programs used fecal occult blood tests for primary screening, with more using guaiac than immunochemical tests. There was wide variation in the ability of screening programs to report the requested measures and in the values reported. In general, pilot programs were more likely to provide screening measure values than were full programs. As expected, detection rates for polyps and neoplasia were substantially higher in programs screening with endoscopy than in those using fecal occult blood tests. It is hoped that the screening measures and indicators, once revised in the light of this survey, will be adopted and used by existing programs and those in the early planning stages, allowing international comparison with the goal of improved colorectal cancer screening quality. C1 [Benson, Victoria S.; Green, Jane; Patnick, Julietta; Villain, Patricia] Univ Oxford, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Atkin, Wendy S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Surg & Canc, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Nadel, Marion R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patnick, Julietta] NHS Canc Screening Programmes, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Villain, Patricia] Amer Canc Soc, Dept Canc Control, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Benson, VS (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Richard Doll Bldg,Roosevelt Dr, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. EM vicky.benson@ceu.ox.ac.uk RI Beral, Valerie/B-2979-2013; Zavoral, Miroslav/D-9174-2017; Suchanek, Stepan/E-1143-2017; OI Zavoral, Miroslav/0000-0001-7883-7431; Suchanek, Stepan/0000-0003-3659-0252; Atkin, Wendy/0000-0001-9073-9658; Pignone, Michael/0000-0002-6657-7342; Zorzi, Manuel/0000-0001-6025-5214 FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia FX Grant sponsors: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia NR 4 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 130 IS 12 BP 2961 EP 2973 DI 10.1002/ijc.26310 PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 925XM UT WOS:000302795500026 PM 21792895 ER PT J AU Hong, S Cheng, TY Layre, E Sweet, L Young, DC Posey, JE Butler, WR Moody, DB AF Hong, Sunhee Cheng, Tan-Yun Layre, Emilie Sweet, Lindsay Young, David C. Posey, James E. Butler, W. Ray Moody, D. Branch TI Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; OUTER-MEMBRANE; CELL-WALL; BIOSYNTHESIS; RUGOSUS AB Mycolic acid-producing bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of human and non-human mammals were recently assigned as a distinct genus, Segniliparus, because they diverge from rhodococci and mycobacteria in genetic and chemical features. Using high accuracy mass spectrometry, we determined the chemical composition of 65 homologous mycolic acids in two Segniliparus species and separately analyzed the three subclasses to measure relative chain length, number and stereochemistry of unsaturations and cyclopropyl groups within each class. Whereas mycobacterial mycolate subclasses are distinguished from one another by R groups on the meromycolate chain, Segniliparus species synthesize solely non-oxygenated alpha-mycolates with high levels of cis unsaturation. Unexpectedly Segniliparus alpha-mycolates diverge into three subclasses based on large differences in carbon chain length with one bacterial culture producing mycolates that range from C58 to C100. Both the overall chain length (C100) and the chain length diversity (C42) are larger than previously seen for mycolic acid-producing organisms and provide direct chemical evidence for assignment of Segniliparus as a distinct genus. Yet, electron microscopy shows that the long and diverse mycolates pack into a typical appearing membrane. Therefore, these new and unexpected extremes of mycolic acid chemical structure raise questions about the modes of mycolic acid packing and folding into a membrane. C1 [Hong, Sunhee; Cheng, Tan-Yun; Layre, Emilie; Sweet, Lindsay; Young, David C.; Moody, D. Branch] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol Immunol & Allergy, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hong, Sunhee; Cheng, Tan-Yun; Layre, Emilie; Sweet, Lindsay; Young, David C.; Moody, D. Branch] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Posey, James E.; Butler, W. Ray] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hong, S (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol Immunol & Allergy, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM wrb1@cdc.gov; bmoody@rics.bwh.harvard.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI RO1 071155, AI RO1 049393]; Burroughs Wellcome Fund Program in Translational Research FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants: AI RO1 071155 and AI RO1 049393 and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Program in Translational Research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 14 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e39017 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039017 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959WG UT WOS:000305347800038 PM 22720018 ER PT J AU Fazili, Z Sternberg, MR Pfeiffer, CM AF Fazili, Zia Sternberg, Maya R. Pfeiffer, Christine M. TI Assessing the influence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on folate stability during long-term frozen storage, thawing, and repeated freeze/thawing of whole blood SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Folate vitamers; Freeze/thawing; Hemolysate; Long-term storage; MTHFR genotype; LC-MS/MS ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MICROBIOLOGIC ASSAY; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; COMMON MUTATION; SERUM; RADIOASSAY AB Background: Limited information is available on folate stability, particularly vitamer stability by 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype, during frozen storage, thawing, and repeated freeze/thawing (F/T) of whole blood (WB). Methods: We assessed folate stability after storing undiluted WB for up to 30 mo at -70 degrees C and measuring folate vitamers by LC-MS/MS at 6, 14,20 and 30 mo in samples with C/C and T/T genotype (n = 13 each). We investigated folate stability during 3-h thawing of WB (n = 2 each/genotype) and during repeated F/T of WB (n = 4 each/genotype). Results: We found significant decreases in total folate (TFOL) (median decrease: 8.8% for C/C and 16% for T/T), methyl folate (7.9% for C/C and 10% for T/T), and non-methyl folate (19% for C/C and 24% for T/T) concentrations from 6 to 30 mo WB frozen storage. During thawing of WB at room temperature and repeated F/T, samples with T/T genotype were susceptible to greater folate losses than samples with C/C genotype. Conclusions: Long-term frozen storage of WB resulted in significant folate losses of -10-25% that are clinically unacceptable. Frozen WB should not be exposed to more than 1 h of thawing time and repeated F/T of WB should be avoided. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fazili, Zia; Sternberg, Maya R.; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Pfeiffer, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop F55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CPfeiffer@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD JUN 14 PY 2012 VL 413 IS 11-12 BP 966 EP 972 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2012.02.003 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 932FF UT WOS:000303275100003 PM 22342879 ER PT J AU Ortega-Sanchez, IR Molinari, NAM Fairbrother, G Szilagyi, PG Edwards, KM Griffin, MR Cassedy, A Poehling, KA Bridges, C Staat, MA AF Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. Molinari, Noelle-Angelique M. Fairbrother, Gerry Szilagyi, Peter G. Edwards, Kathryn M. Griffin, Marie R. Cassedy, Amy Poehling, Katherine A. Bridges, Carolyn Staat, Mary Allen TI Indirect, out-of-pocket and medical costs from influenza-related illness in young children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Children; Out-of-pocket cost; Indirect cost ID UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; OUTPATIENT VISITS; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; DAY-CARE; BURDEN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION; DISEASE; IMPACT AB Background: Studies have documented direct medical costs of influenza-related illness in young children, however little is known about the out-of-pocket and indirect costs (e.g., missed work time) incurred by caregivers of children with medically attended influenza. Objective: To determine the indirect, out-of-pocket (OOP), and direct medical costs of laboratory-confirmed medically attended influenza illness among young children. Methods: Using a population-based surveillance network, we evaluated a representative group of children aged <5 years with laboratory-confirmed, medically attended influenza during the 2003-2004 season. Children hospitalized or seen in emergency department (ED) or outpatient settings in surveillance counties with laboratory-confirmed influenza were identified and data were collected from medical records, accounting databases, and follow-up interviews with caregivers. Outcome measures included work time missed, OOP expenses (e.g., over-the-counter medicines, travel expenses), and direct medical costs. Costs were estimated (in 2009 US Dollars) and comparisons were made among children with and without high risk conditions for influenza-related complications. Results: Data were obtained from 67 inpatients, 121 ED patients and 92 outpatients with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Caregivers of hospitalized children missed an average of 73 work hours (estimated cost $1456); caregivers of children seen in the ED and outpatient clinics missed 19 ($383) and 11 work hours ($222), respectively. Average OOP expenses were $178, $125 and $52 for inpatients, ED-patients and outpatients, respectively. OOP and indirect costs were similar between those with and without high risk conditions (p > 0.10). Medical costs totaled $3990 for inpatients and $730 for ED-patients. Conclusions: Out-of-pocket and indirect costs of laboratory-confirmed and medically attended influenza in young children are substantial and support the benefits of vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R.; Molinari, Noelle-Angelique M.; Bridges, Carolyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fairbrother, Gerry; Cassedy, Amy; Staat, Mary Allen] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Griffin, Marie R.; Poehling, Katherine A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Ortega-Sanchez, IR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM IOrtegaSanchez@cdc.gov FU MedImmune; NIH FX MRG reports receiving grant funding from MedImmune. KME receives funding from NIH to conduct influenza vaccines studies. All other authors, no conflict of interest. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 28 BP 4175 EP 4181 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.057 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 965PT UT WOS:000305780400008 PM 22546332 ER PT J AU McLean, H AF McLean, Huong TI Measles-United States, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 253-257, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McLean, H (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hmclean@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 22 BP 2363 EP 2365 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 956UX UT WOS:000305115900008 ER PT J AU Gunn, JP Blair, NA Cogswell, ME Merritt, RK Labarthe, DR Curtis, CJ Fasano, J Neuwelt, AV Popovic, T AF Gunn, Janelle P. Blair, Nicole A. Cogswell, Mary E. Merritt, Robert K. Labarthe, Darwin R. Curtis, Christine J. Fasano, Jeremiah Neuwelt, Amy V. Popovic, Tanja TI CDC Grand Rounds: Dietary Sodium Reduction-Time for Choice (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 89-91, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Gunn, Janelle P.; Blair, Nicole A.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Merritt, Robert K.; Labarthe, Darwin R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Curtis, Christine J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Fasano, Jeremiah] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Neuwelt, Amy V.] CDC, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Popovic, Tanja] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gunn, JP (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jperalez-gunn@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 22 BP 2365 EP 2367 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 956UX UT WOS:000305115900009 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Pirkle, JL AF Vesper, Hubert W. Pirkle, James L. TI Trans-Fatty Acid Levels in White Adults Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Pirkle, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hvesper@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 22 BP 2371 EP 2371 DI 10.1001/jama.2012.5148 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 956UX UT WOS:000305115900016 ER PT J AU Yiin, JH Ruder, AM Stewart, PA Waters, MA Carreon, T Butler, MA Calvert, GM Davis-King, KE Schulte, PA Mandel, JS Morton, RF Reding, DJ Rosenman, KD AF Yiin, James H. Ruder, Avima M. Stewart, Patricia A. Waters, Martha A. Carreon, Tania Butler, Mary Ann Calvert, Geoffrey M. Davis-King, Karen E. Schulte, Paul A. Mandel, Jack S. Morton, Roscoe F. Reding, Douglas J. Rosenman, Kenneth D. CA Brain Canc Collaborative Study Grp TI The upper midwest health study: a case-control study of pesticide applicators and risk of glioma SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pesticides; Glioma; Brain cancer; Upper Midwest; Case-control; Farmers; Applicators; Gardens ID ADULT BRAIN-TUMORS; CANCER-MORTALITY; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PROXY RESPONDENTS; SURROGATE RESPONDENTS; UNITED-STATES; LUNG-CANCER; FARMERS; COHORT; USERS AB Background: An excess incidence of brain cancer in farmers has been noted in several studies. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health developed the Upper Midwest Health Study (UMHS) as a case-control study of intracranial gliomas and pesticide uses among rural residents. Previous studies of UMHS participants, using "ever-never" exposure to farm pesticides and analyzing men and women separately, found no positive association of farm pesticide exposure and glioma risks. The primary objective was to determine if quantitatively estimated exposure of pesticide applicators was associated with an increased risk of glioma in male and female participants. Methods: The study included 798 histologically confirmed primary intracranial glioma cases (45% with proxy respondents) and 1,175 population-based controls, all adult (age 18-80) non-metropolitan residents of Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. The analyses used quantitatively estimated exposure from questionnaire responses evaluated by an experienced industrial hygienist with 25 years of work on farm pesticide analyses. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression modeling were calculated adjusting for frequency-matching variables (10-year age group and sex), and for age and education (a surrogate for socioeconomic status). Analyses were separately conducted with or without proxy respondents. Results: No significant positive associations with glioma were observed with cumulative years or estimated lifetime cumulative exposure of farm pesticide use. There was, a significant inverse association for phenoxy pesticide used on the farm (OR 0.96 per 10 g-years of cumulative exposure, CI 0.93-0.99). No significant findings were observed when proxy respondents were excluded. Non-farm occupational applicators of any pesticide had decreased glioma risk: OR 0.72, CI 0.52-0.99. Similarly, house and garden pesticide applicators had a decreased risk of glioma: OR 0.79, CI 0.66-0.93, with statistically significant inverse associations for use of 2,4-D, arsenates, organophosphates, and phenoxys. Conclusions: These results are consistent with our previous findings for UMHS of reported farm pesticide exposure and support a lack of positive association between pesticides and glioma. C1 [Yiin, James H.; Ruder, Avima M.; Waters, Martha A.; Carreon, Tania; Butler, Mary Ann; Calvert, Geoffrey M.; Davis-King, Karen E.; Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stewart, Patricia A.] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [Mandel, Jack S.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Morton, Roscoe F.] Mercy Fdn, Des Moines, IA USA. [Reding, Douglas J.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI USA. [Rosenman, Kenneth D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Yiin, JH (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jcy5@cdc.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD JUN 12 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 39 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-11-39 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 981UK UT WOS:000306996200001 PM 22691464 ER PT J AU Kim, CY Breiman, RF Cosmas, L Audi, A Aura, B Bigogo, G Njuguna, H Lebo, E Waiboci, L Njenga, MK Feikin, DR Katz, MA AF Kim, Clara Y. Breiman, Robert F. Cosmas, Leonard Audi, Allan Aura, Barrack Bigogo, Godfrey Njuguna, Henry Lebo, Emmaculate Waiboci, Lilian Njenga, M. Kariuki Feikin, Daniel R. Katz, Mark A. TI Secondary Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus among an Urban and Rural Population in Kenya, 2009-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID 1-ADAMANTANAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; FAMILY ENVIRONMENT; OUTBREAK; OSELTAMIVIR; INFECTIONS; RISK AB Background: In Kenya, >1,200 laboratory-confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) cases occurred since June 2009. We used population-based infectious disease surveillance (PBIDS) data to assess household transmission of pH1N1 in urban Nairobi (Kibera) and rural Lwak. Methods: We defined a pH1N1 patient as laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection among PBIDS participants during August 1, 2009-February 5, 2010, in Kibera, or August 1, 2009-January 20, 2010, in Lwak, and a case household as a household with a laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 patient. Community interviewers visited PBIDS-participating households to inquire about illnesses among household members. We randomly selected 4 comparison households per case household matched by number of children aged <5. Comparison households had a household visit 10 days before or after the matched patient symptom onset date. We defined influenza-like illnesses (ILI) as self-reported cough or sore throat, and a self-reported fever <= 8 days after the pH1N1 patient's symptom onset in case households and <= 8 days before selected household visit in comparison households. We used the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to compare proportions of ILIs among case and comparison households, and log binomial-model to compare that of Kibera and Lwak. Results: Among household contacts of patients with confirmed pH1N1 in Kibera, 4.6% had ILI compared with 8.2% in Lwak (risk ratio [RR], 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-0.9). Household contacts of patients were more likely to have ILIs than comparison-household members in both Kibera (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.8) and Lwak (RR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.6-4.3). Overall, ILI was not associated with patient age. However, ILI rates among household contacts were higher among children aged <5 years than persons aged >= 5 years in Lwak, but not Kibera. Conclusions: Substantial pH1N1 household transmission occurred in urban and rural Kenya. Household transmission rates were higher in the rural area. C1 [Kim, Clara Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Clara Y.] Ohio Dept Hlth, State Epidemiol Off, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Breiman, Robert F.; Cosmas, Leonard; Audi, Allan; Aura, Barrack; Bigogo, Godfrey; Njuguna, Henry; Lebo, Emmaculate; Waiboci, Lilian; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Feikin, Daniel R.; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Global Dis Detect Div, Kisumu, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.; Cosmas, Leonard; Audi, Allan; Aura, Barrack; Bigogo, Godfrey; Njuguna, Henry; Lebo, Emmaculate; Waiboci, Lilian; Njenga, M. Kariuki; Feikin, Daniel R.; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kim, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM clara_kim@alumni.upenn.edu NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 11 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e38166 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038166 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TU UT WOS:000305337600017 PM 22701610 ER PT J AU Simons, E Ferrari, M Fricks, J Wannemuehler, K Anand, A Burton, A Strebel, P AF Simons, Emily Ferrari, Matthew Fricks, John Wannemuehler, Kathleen Anand, Abhijeet Burton, Anthony Strebel, Peter TI Assessment of the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal: results from a model of surveillance data SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID CASE-FATALITY RATIO; SYSTEMS; DEATHS AB Background In 2008 all WHO member states endorsed a target of 90% reduction in measles mortality by 2010 over 2000 levels. We developed a model to estimate progress made towards this goal. Methods We constructed a state-space model with population and immunisation coverage estimates and reported surveillance data to estimate annual national measles cases, distributed across age classes. We estimated deaths by applying age-specific and country-specific case-fatality ratios to estimated cases in each age-country class. Findings Estimated global measles mortality decreased 74% from 535 300 deaths (95% CI 347 200-976 400) in 2000 to 139 300 (71 200-447 800) in 2010. Measles mortality was reduced by more than three-quarters in all WHO regions except the WHO southeast Asia region. India accounted for 47% of estimated measles mortality in 2010, and the WHO African region accounted for 36%. Interpretation Despite rapid progress in measles control from 2000 to 2007, delayed implementation of accelerated disease control in India and continued outbreaks in Africa stalled momentum towards the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal. Intensified control measures and renewed political and financial commitment are needed to achieve mortality reduction targets and lay the foundation for future global eradication of measles. C1 [Simons, Emily; Burton, Anthony; Strebel, Peter] WHO, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland. [Ferrari, Matthew; Fricks, John] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Anand, Abhijeet] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Strebel, P (reprint author), WHO, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland. EM strebelp@who.int FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PMS 5U66/IP000161] FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PMS 5U66/IP000161). NR 30 TC 118 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 9 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9832 BP 2173 EP 2178 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60522-4 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 955BA UT WOS:000304990900033 PM 22534001 ER PT J AU McClure, DL Xu, S Weintraub, E Glanz, JM AF McClure, D. L. Xu, S. Weintraub, E. Glanz, J. M. TI An efficient statistical algorithm for a temporal scan statistic applied to vaccine safety analyses SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Temporal scan; Surveillance; Vaccine safety ID SURVEILLANCE; DATALINK AB In the US, the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project, sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducts near-real-time, population-based, active surveillance for vaccine safety. One of the steps in analyzing signals, if there are enough cases, is to apply temporal scan statistics. The purpose is to determine if the cases clustered in time within an overall a priori defined post-vaccination observation interval. We presented a relatively efficient and accurate algorithm for the purely temporal scan statistic as applied to vaccine safety investigations. It only needs SAS/BASE (R) software, and the algorithm is simple enough to be programmed in another software languages. Our present work is focused on incorporating the temporal scan statistic algorithm within our previous approach for finding an optimal risk window for studies of vaccine safety. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McClure, D. L.; Xu, S.; Glanz, J. M.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Weintraub, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glanz, J. M.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Denver, CO USA. RP McClure, DL (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. EM david.l.mcclure@kp.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX We thank Dr. Martin Kulldorff of the Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, for several helpful comments. This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via contract 200-2002-00732 (the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project) with America's Health Insurance Plans. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 8 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 27 BP 3986 EP 3991 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.040 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 963YL UT WOS:000305660800002 PM 22531555 ER PT J AU De Serres, G Pilishvili, T Link-Gelles, R Reingold, A Gershman, K Petit, S Farley, MM Harrison, LH Lynfield, R Bennett, NM Baumbach, J Thomas, A Schaffner, W Beall, B Whitney, C Moore, M AF De Serres, Gaston Pilishvili, Tamara Link-Gelles, Ruth Reingold, Arthur Gershman, Kenneth Petit, Susan Farley, Monica M. Harrison, Lee H. Lynfield, Ruth Bennett, Nancy M. Baumbach, Joan Thomas, Ann Schaffner, William Beall, Bernard Whitney, Cynthia Moore, Matthew TI Use of surveillance data to estimate the effectiveness of the 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in children less than 5 years of age over a 9 year period SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Indirect cohort method; Vaccine effectiveness ID UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; IMMUNIZATION; CORRELATE; EFFICACY; 19A AB Background: Case-control studies evaluating post-licensure effectiveness of conjugate vaccines can be laborious and costly. We applied an indirect cohort method to evaluate the effectiveness of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and compared the results to the effectiveness measured using a standard case-control study conducted during the same time period. Methods: IPD cases among children 2-59 months old were identified through the Active Bacterial Core surveillance system during 2001-2009. We used logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio of vaccination (versus no vaccination) among cases (PCV7-type IPD cases) and non-cases (non-PCV7-type IPD cases), controlling for the presence of underlying conditions. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as one minus the adjusted odds ratio. Results: Among 4225 IPD cases reported during 2001-2009,2680 (63%) had serotype information and vaccine history. Effectiveness of >= 1 dose of PCV7 against PCV7-types was 88% (95% confidence interval (Cl) 78-94%) among children with comorbid conditions and 97% (95% Cl 92-98%) among healthy children. Among healthy children, VE was higher in 2001-2003 (97%, 95% Cl 95-98%) compared to 2004-2009 (81%, 95% Cl 64-90%). The annual estimates of VE in 2004-2009 showed great variability and wide confidence intervals due to the small number of PCV7-type cases. Conclusions: An indirect cohort design using IPD surveillance data confirms the findings of the case-control study and, therefore, appears suitable for estimating PCV7effectiveness. This method would be most useful shortly after vaccine introduction, and less useful in a setting of very high vaccine coverage and fewer vaccine-type cases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pilishvili, Tamara; Link-Gelles, Ruth; Beall, Bernard; Whitney, Cynthia; Moore, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [De Serres, Gaston] Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [De Serres, Gaston] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gershman, Kenneth] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Epidemiol & Emerging Infect Program, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Pilishvili, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpilishvili@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program Network, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Emerging Infections Program Network, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 8 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 27 BP 4067 EP 4072 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.017 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 963YL UT WOS:000305660800015 PM 22525797 ER PT J AU Omosun, YO Blackstock, AJ Gatei, W Hightower, A van Eijk, AM Ayisi, J Otieno, J Lal, RB Steketee, R Nahlen, B ter Kuile, FO Slutsker, L Shi, YP AF Omosun, Yusuf O. Blackstock, Anna J. Gatei, Wangeci Hightower, Allen van Eijk, Anne Maria Ayisi, John Otieno, Juliana Lal, Renu B. Steketee, Richard Nahlen, Bernard ter Kuile, Feiko O. Slutsker, Laurence Shi, Ya Ping TI Differential Association of Gene Content Polymorphisms of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors with Placental Malaria in HIV- and HIV plus Mothers SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FALCIPARUM-INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; NK CELLS; GESTATIONAL-AGE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; WESTERN KENYA; CUTTING EDGE AB Pregnant women have abundant natural killer (NK) cells in their placenta, and NK cell function is regulated by polymorphisms of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). Previous studies report different roles of NK cells in the immune responses to placental malaria (PM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infections. Given these references, the aim of this study was to determine the association between KIR gene content polymorphism and PM infection in pregnant women of known HIV-1 status. Sixteen genes in the KIR family were analyzed in 688 pregnant Kenyan women. Gene content polymorphisms were assessed in relation to PM in HIV-1 negative and HIV-1 positive women, respectively. Results showed that in HIV-1 negative women, the presence of the individual genes KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL3 increased the odds of having PM, and the KIR2DL2/KIR2DL2 homozygotes were associated with protection from PM. However, the reverse relationship was observed in HIV-1 positive women, where the presence of individual KIR2DL3 was associated with protection from PM, and KIR2DL2/KIR2DL2 homozygotes increased the odds for susceptibility to PM. Further analysis of the HIV-1 positive women stratified by CD4 counts showed that this reverse association between KIR genes and PM remained only in the individuals with high CD4 cell counts but not in those with low CD4 cell counts. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibitory KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3, which are alleles of the same locus, play a role in the inverse effects on PM and PM/HIV co-infection and the effect of KIR genes on PM in HIV positive women is dependent on high CD4 cell counts. In addition, analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the PM relevant KIR genes showed strong LD in women without PM regardless of their HIV status while LD was broken in those with PM, indicating possible selection pressure by malaria infection on the KIR genes. C1 [Omosun, Yusuf O.; Blackstock, Anna J.; Gatei, Wangeci; Hightower, Allen; Steketee, Richard; Nahlen, Bernard; Slutsker, Laurence; Shi, Ya Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Omosun, Yusuf O.; Blackstock, Anna J.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [van Eijk, Anne Maria; Ayisi, John] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Otieno, Juliana] Nyanza Prov Gen Hosp, Minist Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya. [van Eijk, Anne Maria; ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Child & Reprod Hlth Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Omosun, YO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yps0@cdc.gov OI Omosun, Yusuf/0000-0003-4759-6254 FU National Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [92129RQ]; American Society for Microbiology (ASM); Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID); Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center FX This study was supported by intramural funding from The National Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Project ID# 92129RQ). Yusuf Omosun was sponsored by American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID) fellowship and The Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e38617 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038617 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TQ UT WOS:000305336800038 PM 22715396 ER PT J AU Murakoshi, F Xiao, LH Matsubara, R Sato, R Kato, Y Sasaki, T Fukuda, Y Tada, C Nakai, Y AF Murakoshi, Fumi Xiao, Lihua Matsubara, Ryuma Sato, Rintaro Kato, Yuuki Sasaki, Takako Fukuda, Yasuhiro Tada, Chika Nakai, Yutaka TI Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in grazing beef cattle in Japan SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Cryptosporidium ryanae; Cryptosporidium bovis; Beef cattle; Grazing system ID DEER-LIKE GENOTYPE; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; COW-CALF OPERATIONS; N. SP APICOMPLEXA; DAIRY-CATTLE; PARVUM OOCYSTS; BOS-TAURUS; 1ST REPORT; PREVALENCE; CALVES AB Cattle are major hosts of Cry ptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidiosis in neonatal calves is associated with retarded growth, weight loss and calf mortality, and zoonotic infections in humans. In many areas, cow-calf glazing system is an important beef cattle rearing method with distinct advantages in terms of cost and the labor required. However, few epidemiologic studies of Cryptosporidium spp. have been conducted in this system, especially using molecular diagnostic tools. To understand the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. in a grazing system, we followed cryptosporidiosis on a grazing farm in Osaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, in northwest Japan for one year. Fecal samples were collected from Japanese Black and Japanese Shorthorn cattle and examined by PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses. Of 113 fecal samples collected in October 2010, 23 (20%) were positive for Cryptosporidium, including 15 samples (13%) having C bovis, 6(5%) having C. ryanae, and 2 (2%) having mixed infections of both species. Additionally, C. bovis or C. ryanae was detected on all other sampling dates involving smaller numbers of animals. The infection rate of C. bovis was significantly different among age groups, and calve-to-calve infection might be the major route of cryptosporidiosis transmission in beef cattle. Interestingly, one animal had C. bovis infection or re-infection for one year. Our results suggest that C. bovis and C. ryanae are distributed in Japan, but might have low level of detection in grazing beef cattle. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Murakoshi, Fumi; Matsubara, Ryuma; Sato, Rintaro; Kato, Yuuki; Sasaki, Takako; Fukuda, Yasuhiro; Tada, Chika; Nakai, Yutaka] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Lab Sustainable Environm Biol, Osaki, Miyagi 9896711, Japan. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Nakai, Y (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Lab Sustainable Environm Biol, 232-3 Yomogita, Osaki, Miyagi 9896711, Japan. EM nakai@bios.tohoku.ac.jp RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Kuribayashi Science Foundation, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX The authors are grateful to field technicians from the Tohoku University for sample collection. We also acknowledge the partial financial support from the Kuribayashi Science Foundation, Japan. This overseas study program was achieved as part of the "International training for construction of sustainable agriculture," funded by the "Institutional Program for Young Researcher Overseas Visits" of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 8 PY 2012 VL 187 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.12.011 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 952NN UT WOS:000304799300019 PM 22265080 ER PT J AU Hendriksen, RS Hyytia-Trees, E Pulsrikarn, C Pornruangwong, S Chaichana, P Svendsen, CA Ahmed, R Mikoleit, M AF Hendriksen, Rene S. Hyytia-Trees, Eija Pulsrikarn, Chaiwat Pornruangwong, Srirat Chaichana, Phattharaporn Svendsen, Christina Aaby Ahmed, Rafiq Mikoleit, Matthew TI Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates recovered from blood and stool specimens in Thailand SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; TANDEM REPEAT ANALYSIS; SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; UNITED-STATES; BACTEREMIA; INFECTIONS; HUMANS AB Background: Bacteremia due to Salmonella spp. is a life-threatening condition and is commonly associated with immune compromise. A 2009 observational study estimated risk factors for the ten most common non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars isolated from Thai patients between 2002-2007. In this study, 60.8% of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates (n = 1517) were recovered from blood specimens and infection with Salmonella serovar Enteritidis was a statistically significant risk factor for bacteremia when compared to other NTS serovars. Based on this information, we characterized a subset of isolates collected in 2008 to determine if specific clones were recovered from blood or stool specimens at a higher rate. Twenty blood isolates and 20 stool isolates were selected for antimicrobial resistance testing (MIC), phage typing, PFGE, and MLVA. Result: Eight antibiogrammes, seven MLVA types, 14 XbaI/BlnI PFGE pattern combinations, and 11 phage types were observed indicating considerable diversity among the 40 isolates characterized. Composite analysis based on PFGE and MLVA data revealed 22 genotypes. Seven of the genotypes containing two or more isolates were from both stool and blood specimens originating from various months and zones. Additionally, those genotypes were all further discriminated by phage type and/or antibiogramme. Ninety percent of the isolates were ciprofloxacin resistant. Conclusions: The increased percentage of bloodstream infections as described in the 2009 observational study could not be attributed to a single clone. Future efforts should focus on assessing the immune status of bacteriaemic patients and identifying prevention and control measures, including attribution studies characterizing non-clinical (animal, food, and environmental) isolates. C1 [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Svendsen, Christina Aaby] Tech Univ Denmark, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Div Bacterial Genom & Epidemiol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Svendsen, Christina Aaby] Tech Univ Denmark, European Union Reference Lab Antimicrobial Resist, Natl Food Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hyytia-Trees, Eija; Mikoleit, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pulsrikarn, Chaiwat; Pornruangwong, Srirat; Chaichana, Phattharaporn] Minist Publ Hlth, WHO Natl Salmonella & Shigella Ctr, Dept Med Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Amphur Muang 11000, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Ahmed, Rafiq] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. RP Hendriksen, RS (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Div Bacterial Genom & Epidemiol, Bldg 204, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM rshe@food.dtu.dk RI Hendriksen, Rene/A-5755-2013 FU World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network FX The authors are grateful to Ashley Sabol (CDC), Derek Ozunko (NML) and Ali Moterassed (NML) for outstanding technical assistance and to Patricia Fields (CDC) and Matthew Gilmour (NML) for providing critical review the manuscript. This work was supported by the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network (www.who.int/gfn). NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUN 6 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 92 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-12-92 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 027NB UT WOS:000310358300001 PM 22672324 ER PT J AU Talbot, HK Coleman, LA Crimin, K Zhu, Y Rock, MT Meece, J Shay, DK Belongia, EA Griffin, MR AF Talbot, H. K. Coleman, L. A. Crimin, K. Zhu, Y. Rock, M. T. Meece, J. Shay, D. K. Belongia, E. A. Griffin, M. R. TI Association between obesity and vulnerability and serologic response to influenza vaccination in older adults SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Obesity; Vulnerability; HAI ID ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ELDERLY-PEOPLE; MORTALITY; SENIORS; CARE; SUPPLEMENTATION; COMMUNITY; FRAILTY AB Background: Serologic response to influenza vaccination declines with age. Few other host factors are known to be associated with serologic response. Our objective was to determine whether obesity and vulnerability independently predicted serologic response to influenza vaccination. Methods: Adults >= 50 years were recruited during the 2008-2009 influenza season. Subjects provided pre- and post-vaccination sera for measuring antibody titers to 2008-2009 vaccine components. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m(2)). Data were collected on vulnerability using the vulnerable elders survey (VES13). Logistic regression evaluated the associations between obesity and vulnerability and the serologic response to vaccination (both seroprotection and seroconversion), adjusting for gender, age, comorbidities, pre-vaccination titer, and site. Results: Mean (+/-standard deviation) age of 415 study subjects was 65 +/- 10 years; 40% were obese. Mean BMI was 29 5.6 kg/m(2); mean VES13 was 1.6 +/- 1.8. The proportions of subjects who seroconverted and had seroprotective titers were 40% and 49%, respectively, for A/Brisbane/59 (H1N1); 73% and 80% for A/Brisbane/10 (H3N2); and 34% and 94% for B/Florida. Modified VES-13 (score 0-10, with 10 being most vulnerable) was not associated with seroprotection against H1N1 or H3N2, and VES-13 was directly associated with seroconversion to H1N1 but not H3N2 or B. Obesity (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2) vs. BMI 18.5-30 kg/m(2)) was not associated with seroprotection for H1N1 or H3N2; obesity was directly associated with seroconversion to H3N2 but not H1N1 or B. Age was inversely associated with seroprotection and seroconversion against H1N1 and with seroconversion to influenza B. Conclusion: Based on this sample of older healthy subjects, there were no consistent relationships between VES 13 or obesity and either seroprotection or seroconversion to three influenza vaccine antigens. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Talbot, H. K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Coleman, L. A.; Meece, J.; Belongia, E. A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Shay, D. K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Talbot, HK (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, A2200 MCN,1161 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM Keipp.talbot@vanderbilt.edu OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU CDC [1 U18 IP000184-01, 5 U18 IP000183-02]; NCRR/NIH [1 UL1 RR024975]; Atlantic Philanthropies (USA) Inc; Infectious Diseases Society of America; John A. Hartford Foundation, Inc.; Association of Specialty Professors; [K23 AI074863-01A1] FX This research was supported by: K23 AI074863-01A1 (PI, Talbot HK), CDC 1 U18 IP000184-01 (PI, Griffin MR), CDC 5 U18 IP000183-02 (PI, Belongia EA), 1 UL1 RR024975 from NCRR/NIH, and the Atlantic Philanthropies (USA) Inc, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the John A. Hartford Foundation, Inc., and the Association of Specialty Professors. NR 29 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 6 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 26 BP 3937 EP 3943 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.071 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 953EP UT WOS:000304850000017 PM 22484350 ER PT J AU Downham, G Jones, E Peterson, P Mourad, MY Lindberg, C Patel, PR Kallen, AJ AF Downham, Gemma Jones, Erin Peterson, Pamela Mourad, M. Yaser Lindberg, Curt Patel, Priti R. Kallen, Alexander J. TI Reducing Bloodstream Infections in an Outpatient Hemodialysis Center-New Jersey, 2008-2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 169-173, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Lindberg, Curt] Billings Clin, Billings, MT USA. [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gemma.downham@atlanticare.org NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 6 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 21 BP 2250 EP 2252 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 952OL UT WOS:000304801700005 ER PT J AU Wang, DX Baudys, J Rees, J Marshall, KM Kalb, SR Parks, BA Nowaczyk, L Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Wang, Dongxia Baudys, Jakub Rees, Jon Marshall, Kristin M. Kalb, Suzanne R. Parks, Bryan A. Nowaczyk, Louis, II Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Subtyping Botulinum Neurotoxins by Sequential Multiple Endoproteases In-Gel Digestion Coupled with Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FOOD SAMPLES; CLOSTRIDIUM; IDENTIFICATION; STRAINS; TOXIN; PROTEOMICS; PCR; A5; DIFFERENTIATION AB Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is one of the most toxic substances known. BoNT is classified into seven distinct serotypes labeled A G. Among individual serotypes, researchers have identified subtypes based on amino acid variability within a serotype and toxin variants with minor amino acid sequence differences within a subtype. BoNT subtype identification is valuable for tracing and tracking bacterial pathogens. A proteomics approach is useful for BoNT subtyping since botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxin and does not require the presence of the bacteria or its DNA. Enzymatic digestion and peptide identification using tandem mass spectrometry determines toxin protein sequences. However, with the conventional one-step digestion method, producing sufficient numbers of detectable peptides to cover the entire protein sequence is difficult, and incomplete sequence coverage results in uncertainty in distinguishing BoNT subtypes and toxin variants because of high sequence similarity. We report here a method of multiple enzymes and sequential in-gel digestion (MESID) to characterize the BoNT protein sequence. Complementary peptide detection from toxin digestions has yielded near-complete sequence coverage for all seven BoNT serotypes. Application of the method to a BoNT-contaminated carrot juice sample resulted in the identification of 98.4% protein sequence which led to a confident determination of the toxin subtype. C1 [Wang, Dongxia; Baudys, Jakub; Rees, Jon; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Parks, Bryan A.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Marshall, Kristin M.; Nowaczyk, Louis, II] US FDA, Inst Food Safety & Hlth, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 11 BP 4652 EP 4658 DI 10.1021/ac3006439 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 952HK UT WOS:000304783100004 PM 22577857 ER PT J AU Bolling, BG Olea-Popelka, FJ Eisen, L Moore, CG Blair, CD AF Bolling, Bethany G. Olea-Popelka, Francisco J. Eisen, Lars Moore, Chester G. Blair, Carol D. TI Transmission dynamics of an insect-specific flavivirus in a naturally infected Culex pipiens laboratory colony and effects of co-infection on vector competence for West Nile virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flaviviridae; Flavivirus; Insect-specific; Culex flavivirus; West Nile virus; Culex pipiens; Vector competence ID AEDES-ALBOPICTUS CELLS; FUSING AGENT VIRUS; LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; KAMITI RIVER VIRUS; DENGUE-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITO POPULATION; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE AB We established a laboratory colony of Culex pipiens mosquitoes from eggs collected in Colorado and discovered that mosquitoes in the colony are naturally infected with Culex flavivirus (CxFV), an insect-specific flavivirus. In this study we examined transmission dynamics of CxFV and effects of persistent CxFV infection on vector competence for West Nile virus (WNV). We found that vertical transmission is the primary mechanism for persistence of CxFV in Cx. pipiens, with venereal transmission potentially playing a minor role. Vector competence experiments indicated possible early suppression of WNV replication by persistent CxFV infection in Cx. pipiens. This is the first description of insect-specific flavivirus transmission dynamics in a naturally infected mosquito colony and the observation of delayed dissemination of superinfecting WNV suggests that the presence of CxFV may impact the intensity of enzootic transmission of WNV and the risk of human exposure to this important pathogen. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bolling, Bethany G.; Eisen, Lars; Moore, Chester G.; Blair, Carol D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Olea-Popelka, Francisco J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bolling, BG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM bethanybolling@gmail.com FU NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01-A1-25489] FX Laboratory assistance was provided by I. Sanchez-Vargas, J. Piper, C. Campbell, K. Reagan and C. Meredith. This research project was supported in part by contract N01-A1-25489 from the NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NR 39 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 427 IS 2 BP 90 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2012.02.016 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 917TQ UT WOS:000302201900003 PM 22425062 ER PT J AU Tang, JL Schoenwald, K Potter, D White, D Sulchek, T AF Tang, Jennifer L. Schoenwald, Kipp Potter, Daniel White, David Sulchek, Todd TI Bifunctional Janus Microparticles with Spatially Segregated Proteins SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES; DELIVERY; SURFACE; CARRIERS; RECEPTOR; DESIGN; DRUG AB We present a fabrication process to create bifunctional microparticles displaying two distinct proteins that are spatially segregated onto the surface hemispheres. Silica and polystyrene microparticles with 2.0, 4.1, and 4.7 mu m diameters are processed with metal deposition to form two chemically distinct and segregated hemispheres. The surface of each hemisphere is then separately derivatized with biological proteins using different chemical conjugation strategies. These bifunctional Janus particles possess biologically relevant, native conformation proteins attached to a biologically unreactive and safe substrate. They also display high densities of each type of protein which may enable a range of capabilities that monofunctional particles cannot, such as improved targeting of drugs and bioimaging agents. C1 [Tang, Jennifer L.; Schoenwald, Kipp; Potter, Daniel; Sulchek, Todd] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [White, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sulchek, T (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM todd.sulchek@me.gatech.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; National Institutes of Health [1R21EB013413-01]; National Science Foundation FX The authors thank the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. 1R21EB013413-01) for support of this research. The authors also thank Candace Derenge and the Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) from the National Science Foundation for support in proof of concept studies. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JUN 3 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 26 BP 10033 EP 10039 DI 10.1021/la3010079 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 966XA UT WOS:000305869500017 PM 22624704 ER PT J AU Bird, BH Nichol, ST AF Bird, Brian H. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Breaking the chain: Rift Valley fever virus control via livestock vaccination SO CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PROTECTS MICE; INACTIVATED VACCINE; LETHAL INFECTION; NSM GENES; SHEEP; KENYA; DISEASE; OUTBREAK; VECTOR AB Rift Valley fever virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen of livestock and humans that causes widespread and devastating outbreaks of severe and often fatal disease throughout Africa and portions of the Arabian Peninsula. Outbreaks can involve tens to hundreds of thousands of human cases, and millions of livestock. The severity of the disease varies by species, but in sheep and cattle 'abortion storms', high neonatal (similar to 70%), and adult mortality (20-30%) are features. Human cases are generally self-limiting, but severe complications such as hepatitis, retinitis, delayed-onset encephalitis, or a hemorrhagic syndrome with a case fatality of 10-20% can occur. There are no commercially available human vaccines. Livestock provide key ecological links between the Aedes sp. mosquito vector and humans. High viremias in livestock lead to spillover of RVFV into other anthrophillic vectors (Culex and Anopheles sp. mosquitoes), and, importantly, close contact with infected animal tissues and fluids or aborted fetal materials from these animals is a major risk factor for severe and lethal human infections. Vaccination programs targeting livestock during non-epidemic periods or as an early countermeasure against nascent outbreaks could therefore eliminate one of the main sources of human infection and limit the overall scope of epidemics. To this end, research groups have recently reported novel next generation RVFV vaccines that are safe for use in pregnant and young animals. Preventing RVFV infection of livestock by vaccination is a key element in breaking the chain of human epidemics, and could lead to control of this significant public health threat. C1 [Bird, Brian H.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bird, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbird1@cdc.gov NR 63 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1879-6257 J9 CURR OPIN VIROL JI Curr. Opin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 3 BP 315 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.017 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 051FY UT WOS:000312112800014 PM 22463980 ER PT J AU Reynolds, MG Carroll, DS Karem, KL AF Reynolds, Mary G. Carroll, Darin S. Karem, Kevin L. TI Factors affecting the likelihood of monkeypox's emergence and spread in the post-smallpox era SO CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; NORTH-AMERICA; WEST-AFRICA; CONGO BASIN; VIRUS; DISEASE; ORTHOPOXVIRUS; VACCINATION; COMPLEMENT; INHIBITOR AB In 1980, the World Health Assembly announced that smallpox had been successfully eradicated as a disease of humans. The disease clinically and immunologically most similar to smallpox is monkeypox, a zoonosis endemic to moist forested regions in West and Central Africa. Smallpox vaccine provided protection against both infections. Monkeypox virus is a less efficient human pathogen than the agent of smallpox, but absent smallpox and the population-wide immunity engendered during eradication efforts, could monkeypox now gain a foothold in human communities? We discuss possible ecologic and epidemiologic limitations that could impede monkeypox's emergence as a significant pathogen of humans, and evaluate whether genetic constrains are sufficient to diminish monkeypox virus' capacity for enhanced specificity as a parasite of humans. C1 [Reynolds, Mary G.; Carroll, Darin S.; Karem, Kevin L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reynolds, MG (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Nzr6@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1879-6257 J9 CURR OPIN VIROL JI Curr. Opin. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 3 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.004 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 051FY UT WOS:000312112800017 PM 22709519 ER PT J AU Peacock, G Moore, C Uyeki, T AF Peacock, Georgina Moore, Cynthia Uyeki, Timothy TI Children With Special Health Care Needs and Preparedness: Experiences From Seasonal Influenza and the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; VIRUS-INFECTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; VACCINE; DEATHS; CALIFORNIA; ILLNESS C1 [Peacock, Georgina; Moore, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Peacock, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E 86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gpeacock@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 91 EP 93 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 019GG UT WOS:000309724900003 PM 22700014 ER PT J AU Zapata, LB Kendrick, JS Jamieson, DJ MacFarlane, K Shealy, K Barfield, WD AF Zapata, Lauren B. Kendrick, Juliette S. Jamieson, Denise J. MacFarlane, Kitty Shealy, Katherine Barfield, Wanda D. TI Prevention of Novel Influenza Infection in Newborns in Hospital Settings: Considerations and Strategies During the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Review DE influenza A virus H1N1 subtype; newborn; cross infection; vertical infectious disease transmission; prevention; and control ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; B VIRUS PNEUMONIA; A H1N1; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PREGNANT-WOMEN; RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; OUTPATIENT VISITS; PRETERM NEONATE; INFANTS; STATES AB During the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, many pregnant women experienced severe illness and some gave birth while ill with suspected or confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza. Because of concerns about possible transmission of this novel virus to immunologically naive newborns, and the absence of definitive studies regarding this risk, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reviewed relevant literature to understand the potential burden of disease and routes of transmission affecting newborns. This report describes the issues considered during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic as CDC developed guidance to protect newborns in hospital settings. Also presented is a framework of protection efforts to prevent novel influenza infection in fetuses/newborns before birth and in hospital settings. Although developed specifically for the pandemic, the framework may be useful during future novel influenza outbreaks. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012; 6: 97-103) C1 [Zapata, Lauren B.; Kendrick, Juliette S.; Jamieson, Denise J.; MacFarlane, Kitty; Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shealy, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zapata, LB (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lzapata@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 97 EP 103 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 019GG UT WOS:000309724900005 PM 22700016 ER PT J AU Kann, L Kinchen, S Modzelski, B Sullivan, M Carr, D Zaza, S Graffunder, C Cetron, M AF Kann, Laura Kinchen, Steve Modzelski, Bill Sullivan, Madeline Carr, Dana Zaza, Stephanie Graffunder, Corinne Cetron, Marty TI ILI-Related School Dismissal Monitoring System: An Overview and Assessment SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE school dismissal; ILI-related; H1N1 AB Objective: This report provides an overview and assessment of the School Dismissal Monitoring System (SDMS) that was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the US Department of Education (ED) to monitor influenza-like illness (ILI)-related school dismissals during the 2009-2010 school year in the United States. Methods: SDMS was developed with considerable consultation with CDC's and ED's partners. Further, each state appointed a single school dismissal monitoring contact, even if that state also had its own school-dismissal monitoring system in place. The SDMS received data from three sources: (1) direct reports submitted through CDC's Web site, (2) state monitoring systems, and (3) media scans and online searches. All cases identified through any of the three data sources were verified. Results: Between August 3, 2009, and December 18, 2009, a total of 812 dismissal events (ie, a single school dismissal or dismissal of all schools in a district) were reported in the United States. These dismissal events had an impact on 1947 schools, approximately 623 616 students, and 40 521 teachers. Conclusions: The SDMS yielded real-time, national summary data that were used widely throughout the US government for situational awareness to assess the impact of CDC guidance and community mitigation efforts and to inform the development of guidance, resources, and tools for schools. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:104-112) C1 [Kann, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance & Evaluat Res Branch, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Modzelski, Bill; Sullivan, Madeline; Carr, Dana] US Dept Educ, Washington, DC USA. RP Kann, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance & Evaluat Res Branch, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LKK1@CDC.GOV NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 104 EP 112 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 019GG UT WOS:000309724900006 PM 22700017 ER PT J AU Brantley, MD Lu, H Barfield, WD Holt, JB Williams, A AF Brantley, Mary D. Lu, Hua Barfield, Wanda D. Holt, James B. Williams, Alcia TI Mapping US Pediatric Hospitals and Subspecialty Critical Care for Public Health Preparedness and Disaster Response, 2008 SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE pediatric critical care; regionalization; dasymetric mapping ID MASS CRITICAL-CARE; INTENSIVE-CARE; GOLDEN HOUR; CHILDREN; REGIONALIZATION; OUTCOMES; INJURY; TELEMEDICINE; COMMUNITY; DELIVERY AB Objective: The objective is to describe by geographic proximity the extent to which the US pediatric population (aged 0-17 years) has access to pediatric and other specialized critical care facilities, and to highlight regional differences in population and critical resource distribution for preparedness planning and utilization during a mass public health disaster. Methods: The analysis focused on pediatric hospitals and pediatric and general medical/surgical hospitals with specialized pediatric critical care capabilities, including pediatric intensive care units (PICU), pediatric cardiac ICUs (PCICU), level I and II trauma and pediatric trauma centers, and general and pediatric burn centers. The proximity analysis uses a geographic information system overlay function: spatial buffers or zones of a defined radius are superimposed on a dasymetric map of the pediatric population. By comparing the population living within the zones to the total population, the proportion of children with access to each type of specialized unit can be estimated. The project was conducted in three steps: preparation of the geospatial layer of the pediatric population using dasymetric mapping methods; preparation of the geospatial layer for each resource zone including the identification, verification, and location of hospital facilities with the target resources; and proximity analysis of the pediatric population within these zones. Results: Nationally, 63.7% of the pediatric population lives within 50 miles of a pediatric hospital; 81.5% lives within 50 miles of a hospital with a PICU; 76.1% lives within 50 miles of a hospital with a PCICU; 80.2% lives within 50 miles of a level I or II trauma center; and 70.8% lives within 50 miles of a burn center. However, state-specific proportions vary from less than 10% to virtually 100%. Restricting the burn and trauma centers to pediatric units only decreases the national proportion to 26.3% for pediatric burn centers and 53.1% for pediatric trauma centers. Conclusions: This geospatial analysis describes the current state of pediatric critical care hospital resources and provides a visual and analytic overview of existing gaps in local pediatric hospital coverage. It also highlights the use of dasymetric mapping as a tool for public health preparedness planning. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:117-125) C1 [Brantley, Mary D.; Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lu, Hua; Holt, James B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williams, Alcia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brantley, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mdb4@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 117 EP 125 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 019GG UT WOS:000309724900008 PM 22700019 ER PT J AU Ervin, RB Dye, BA AF Ervin, R. Bethene Dye, Bruce A. TI Number of natural and prosthetic teeth impact nutrient intakes of older adults in the United States SO GERODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NHANES; nutrients; functional dentition; elderly ID EXAMINATION SURVEY NHANES; ORAL-HEALTH COMPONENT; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; EDENTULOUS PATIENTS; QUALITY-ASSURANCE; VEGETABLE INTAKE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; FOOD AVOIDANCE; US ADULTS; ASSOCIATION AB Objective: To examine the relationship between the number and type of teeth and nutrient intakes in adults, aged 60 years and above, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 using linear regression. Methods: Four discrete dental status groups were created: complete natural dentition (reference group), incomplete natural dentition, complete mixed (natural and restored) dentition and incomplete mixed dentition. We ran both unadjusted and adjusted models, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education and smoking status to examine the effect of these covariates on the association between dentition status and nutrient intakes. Separate models were run for men and women. Results: There were significant associations between dental status and all the examined nutrients for men and for the carotenes and folate for women in the unadjusted model. Only caloric and vitamin C intakes were significant for men, and beta-carotene was significant for women in the adjusted model. For men for kilocalories and women for beta-carotene, those with a complete dentition had higher mean intakes than those with an incomplete dentition, regardless of the tooth type. Among men with an incomplete dentition, those with a mixed dentition had a significantly lower vitamin C intake than those with a natural dentition; there were no significant differences between the natural and mixed complete dentition groups. Conclusions: Demographic and behavioural variables explained many of the differences seen in nutrient intakes. After controlling for these variables, we found that a numeric threshold of teeth (i.e. a functional dentition) influenced some nutrient intakes while the number and type of teeth present affected other nutrient intakes. C1 [Ervin, R. Bethene; Dye, Bruce A.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Examinat Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ervin, RB (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Examinat Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 4420, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM rbe0@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0734-0664 J9 GERODONTOLOGY JI Gerodontology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 29 IS 2 BP E693 EP E702 DI 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00546.x PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 002QK UT WOS:000308547000098 PM 21923863 ER PT J AU Bhuiyan, M Luby, SP Alamgir, NI Homaira, N Al Mamun, A Khan, J Gurley, ES Sturm-Ramirez, K Zaman, RU Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Bhuiyan, M. Luby, S. P. Alamgir, N. Ishrat Homaira, N. Al Mamun, A. Khan, J. Gurley, E. S. Sturm-Ramirez, K. Zaman, R. Uz Widdowson, M. -A. Azziz-Baumgartner, E. TI Costs of severe pneumonia associated with respiratory viruses among children aged < 5 years in four tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh, 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bhuiyan, M.; Homaira, N.; Al Mamun, A.; Khan, J.; Gurley, E. S.; Zaman, R. Uz] Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, S. P.; Sturm-Ramirez, K.; Widdowson, M. -A.; Azziz-Baumgartner, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alamgir, N. Ishrat] BRAC Univ, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E342 EP E342 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.410 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101396 ER PT J AU Sesquen, YC Montero, HAP Gilman, R Yauri, V Angulo, N Velasquez, D Bern, C AF Castro Sesquen, Y. Paico Montero, H. A. Gilman, R. Yauri, V. Angulo, N. Velasquez, D. Bern, C. TI Cardiac remodeling in Cavia porcellus during the acute and chronic phase of experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Castro Sesquen, Y.; Paico Montero, H. A.; Yauri, V.; Angulo, N.; Velasquez, D.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bern, C.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E329 EP E330 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.382 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101368 ER PT J AU Haider, N Rahim, MA Khan, MSU Ahmed, F Paul, SK Rahman, MZ Luby, SP Mikolon, AB AF Haider, N. Rahim, M. A. Khan, M. S. U. Ahmed, F. Paul, S. K. Rahman, M. Z. Luby, S. P. Mikolon, A. B. TI Serological evidence of Hepatitis E Virus in pigs in Bangladesh SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Haider, N.; Khan, M. S. U.; Ahmed, F.; Paul, S. K.; Rahman, M. Z.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rahim, M. A.] Natl Inst Prevent & Social Med, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, S. P.; Mikolon, A. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E451 EP E451 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.644 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101630 ER PT J AU Homaira, N Rahman, M Bresee, J Armstrong, G Widdowson, MA Fry, A Brooks, WA Sturm-Ramirez, K Hossain, K Islam, K Luby, SP Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Homaira, N. Rahman, M. Bresee, J. Armstrong, G. Widdowson, M. -A. Fry, A. Brooks, W. A. Sturm-Ramirez, K. Hossain, K. Islam, K. Luby, S. P. Azziz-Baumgartner, E. TI Risk factors for hospitalization from acute respiratory illness among Bangladesh children aged < 5 years SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Homaira, N.; Hossain, K.; Islam, K.] ICDDR B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rahman, M.] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Bresee, J.; Armstrong, G.; Widdowson, M. -A.; Fry, A.; Sturm-Ramirez, K.; Azziz-Baumgartner, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brooks, W. A.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, S. P.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RI rahman, mustafizur/E-6918-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E198 EP E198 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.774 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101096 ER PT J AU Kamsing, A Nasipaseuth, P Archkhawong, S Southalack, K Theppangna, W Khamphaphongphane, B Phounphenghaek, K Kounnavong, B Phengxay, M Dusan, F AF Kamsing, A. Nasipaseuth, P. Archkhawong, S. Southalack, K. Theppangna, W. Khamphaphongphane, B. Phounphenghaek, K. Kounnavong, B. Phengxay, M. Dusan, F. TI A review of rabies surveillance and response activities in Lao PDR to 2011 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kamsing, A.; Nasipaseuth, P.] Lao Field Epidemiol Training, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Southalack, K.; Khamphaphongphane, B.] Natl Ctr Lab & Epidemiol, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Theppangna, W.] Natl Anim Hlth Ctr, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Phounphenghaek, K.] Natl Immunizat Program, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Kounnavong, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phengxay, M.; Dusan, F.] WHO, Vientiane Capital, Laos. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E454 EP E454 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.649 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353102003 ER PT J AU Linthavong, S Ouandala, V Dusan, F Vongphrachanh, P Kounnavong, B Corwin, A Chanthavisouk, C Winter, C Denny, J AF Linthavong, S. Ouandala, V. Dusan, F. Vongphrachanh, P. Kounnavong, B. Corwin, A. Chanthavisouk, C. Winter, C. Denny, J. TI Anthrax knowledge, attitudes and practice survey - Lao PDR, 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Linthavong, S.; Ouandala, V.] Lao Field Epidemiol Training, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Dusan, F.; Chanthavisouk, C.; Winter, C.; Denny, J.] WHO, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Vongphrachanh, P.] Natl Ctr Lab & Epidemiol, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Kounnavong, B.; Corwin, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E456 EP E456 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.654 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353102008 ER PT J AU Lylianou, D Phousavath, S Vongphrachanh, P Phonekeo, D Corwin, A Khanthamaly, V Winter, C Feldon, K Denny, J AF Lylianou, D. Phousavath, S. Vongphrachanh, P. Phonekeo, D. Corwin, A. Khanthamaly, V. Winter, C. Feldon, K. Denny, J. TI Adverse events following immunization from pandemic influenza A (H1N1) - Laos 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lylianou, D.; Phousavath, S.] Lao Field Epidemiol Training, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Vongphrachanh, P.; Phonekeo, D.] Natl Ctr Lab & Epidemiol, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Corwin, A.; Khanthamaly, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Winter, C.; Feldon, K.; Denny, J.] World Hlth Org, Vientiane Capital, Laos. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E308 EP E309 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.1001 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101323 ER PT J AU McCollum, A Li, Y Wilkins, K Davidson, W Paddock, C Karem, K Reynolds, M Damon, I AF McCollum, A. Li, Y. Wilkins, K. Davidson, W. Paddock, C. Karem, K. Reynolds, M. Damon, I. TI Poxvirus viability and signatures in historical relics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McCollum, A.; Li, Y.; Wilkins, K.; Davidson, W.; Paddock, C.; Karem, K.; Reynolds, M.; Damon, I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E97 EP E97 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.224 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353100209 ER PT J AU Nasreen, S Luby, SP Homaira, N Al Mamun, A Bhuiyan, M Rahman, M Rahman, M Alamgir, ASM Fry, A Olsen, S Streatfield, PK Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Nasreen, S. Luby, S. P. Homaira, N. Al Mamun, A. Bhuiyan, M. Rahman, M. Rahman, M. Alamgir, A. S. M. Fry, A. Olsen, S. Streatfield, P. K. Widdowson, M. -A. Azziz-Baumgartner, E. TI Virus-specific incidence rates of hospitalization for severe acute respiratory infections among children aged < 5 years in rural Bangladesh, 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nasreen, S.; Homaira, N.; Al Mamun, A.; Bhuiyan, M.; Rahman, M.; Streatfield, P. K.] Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, S. P.; Fry, A.; Olsen, S.; Widdowson, M. -A.; Azziz-Baumgartner, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rahman, M.; Alamgir, A. S. M.] IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RI rahman, mustafizur/E-6918-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E12 EP E13 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.034 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353100027 ER PT J AU Pervaiz, A Ghafoor, T Asghar, RJ AF Pervaiz, A. Ghafoor, T. Asghar, R. J. TI Screening of prisoners for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and B (HBV) in Punjab Province, Pakistan, 2009 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pervaiz, A.; Ghafoor, T.] Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Asghar, R. J.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pervaiz, A.] Inspectorate Prisons, Lahore, Pakistan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E359 EP E359 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.449 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101435 ER PT J AU Phommasack, B Vongphrachanh, P Phengxay, M Khamphaphongphane, B Winter, C Denny, J Lewis, H Tsuyuoka, R Corwin, A AF Phommasack, B. Vongphrachanh, P. Phengxay, M. Khamphaphongphane, B. Winter, C. Denny, J. Lewis, H. Tsuyuoka, R. Corwin, A. TI Preparing Lao PDR to manage emerging infectious disease threats through field epidemiology training SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Phommasack, B.] Natl Emerging Infect Dis Coordinat Off, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Vongphrachanh, P.; Khamphaphongphane, B.] Natl Ctr Lab & Epidemiol, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Phengxay, M.; Winter, C.; Denny, J.; Lewis, H.; Tsuyuoka, R.] WHO, Vientiane Capital, Laos. [Corwin, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E143 EP E143 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.323 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353100308 ER PT J AU Rahman, M Alam, M Goswami, D Erdman, DD Luby, SP Brooks, WA AF Rahman, M. Alam, M. Goswami, D. Erdman, D. D. Luby, S. P. Brooks, W. A. TI Genotyping human metapneumovirus in a Bangladeshi urban pediatric population SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rahman, M.; Alam, M.; Goswami, D.; Luby, S. P.; Brooks, W. A.] Int Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Erdman, D. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E104 EP E104 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.241 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353100226 ER PT J AU Saeed, KMI Ansari, J Asghar, RJ Ahadi, J AF Saeed, K. M. I. Ansari, J. Asghar, R. J. Ahadi, J. TI Concurrent brucellosis and Q fever infection: A case control study in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan in 2011 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Saeed, K. M. I.; Ahadi, J.] Afghan Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Ansari, J.] Natl Inst Hlth, Publ Hlth Div, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Asghar, R. J.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E37 EP E37 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.094 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353100080 ER PT J AU Suntarattiwong, P Olsen, S Fernandez, S Keawchana, S Levy, J Dawood, F Punpanich, W Widdowson, MA Gibbons, RV Chotpitayasunondh, T AF Suntarattiwong, P. Olsen, S. Fernandez, S. Keawchana, S. Levy, J. Dawood, F. Punpanich, W. Widdowson, M. -A. Gibbons, R. V. Chotpitayasunondh, T. TI An early report from a pediatric cohort followed for acute respiratory infection in Bangkok, Thailand SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Suntarattiwong, P.; Punpanich, W.; Chotpitayasunondh, T.] Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Olsen, S.; Dawood, F.; Widdowson, M. -A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fernandez, S.; Gibbons, R. V.] US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. [Keawchana, S.; Levy, J.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E207 EP E207 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.792 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101114 ER PT J AU Zhang, T Ding, Y Zhang, J Wang, D Wu, J Jiang, Y Chen, L Feng, Z McFarland, J Steinhoff, M Black, S Zhao, G AF Zhang, T. Ding, Y. Zhang, J. Wang, D. Wu, J. Jiang, Y. Chen, L. Feng, Z. McFarland, J. Steinhoff, M. Black, S. Zhao, G. TI Epidemiology and health utilization of influenza in < 5 years-old children in Suzhou, China SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhang, T.; Wang, D.; Wu, J.; Jiang, Y.; Zhao, G.] Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Ding, Y.] Soochow Univ, Affiliated Children Hosp, Suzhou, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J.; Chen, L.] Suzhou CDC, Suzhou, Peoples R China. [Feng, Z.] China CDC, Beijing, Peoples R China. [McFarland, J.] NCIR, US CDC, OID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steinhoff, M.; Black, S.] Cincinnati Children Hosp, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 SU 1 BP E366 EP E366 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.463 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 999YX UT WOS:000308353101449 ER PT J AU Holtz, TH Thienkrua, W McNicholl, JM Wimonsate, W Chaikummao, S Chonwattana, W Wasinrapee, P Varangrat, A Mock, PA Sirivongrangson, P van Griensven, F AF Holtz, T. H. Thienkrua, W. McNicholl, J. M. Wimonsate, W. Chaikummao, S. Chonwattana, W. Wasinrapee, P. Varangrat, A. Mock, P. A. Sirivongrangson, P. van Griensven, F. TI Prevalence of Treponema pallidum seropositivity and herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in a cohort of men who have sex with men, Bangkok, Thailand, 2006-2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE sexually transmitted infections; Treponema pallidum; syphilis; herpes simplex virus type 2; HSV-2; prevalence; risk factors; men who have sex with men; Thailand ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; RISK-REDUCTION BEHAVIORS; HIV-INFECTION; SECONDARY SYPHILIS; WESTERN-EUROPE; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; UNITED-STATES; HEPATITIS-B; CHINA; EPIDEMIC AB We report prevalence of Treponema pallidum (TP) seropositivity and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection and risk factors associated with their prevalence in a cohort of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bangkok, Thailand. Between April 2006 and March 2010 we enrolled Thai MSM into a cohort study based at the Silom Community Clinic, with baseline behavioural data and laboratory testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Logistic regression was used to analyse risk factors associated with the prevalence of TP seropositivity and HSV-2 infection. From a total of 1544 enrolled men (mean age 26 years) TP, HSV-2 and HIV seropositive rates were 4.4%, 20.7% and 21.6%, respectively. After multivariable analysis, participating in group sex, reporting paying for sex, reporting sex with a casual partner in a park and being HSV-2 seropositive were associated with TP prevalence. Age >= 30 years, having less than a high school education, past use of recreational drugs, meeting casual sexual partners at a public venue (sauna) and TP seropositivity were associated with HSV-2 infection. The significant baseline prevalence of TP seropositivity and HSV-2 infection in this cohort demonstrates the need for screening and treatment of these STIs and targeted prevention interventions in Thai MSM in Bangkok. C1 [Holtz, T. H.; Thienkrua, W.; McNicholl, J. M.; Wimonsate, W.; Chaikummao, S.; Chonwattana, W.; Wasinrapee, P.; Varangrat, A.; Mock, P. A.; van Griensven, F.] Minist Publ Hlth, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Holtz, T. H.; McNicholl, J. M.; van Griensven, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sirivongrangson, P.] Minist Publ Hlth, Bur AIDS TB & STI, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. RP Holtz, TH (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, DDC7 Bldg,4th Floor, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM tholtz@cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors kindly acknowledge the support of the personnel of the Thailand MOPH - US CDC Collaboration and the Silom Community Clinic, particularly Boonyos Raengsakulrach, Punneeporn Wasinrapee, Jaray Tongtoyai, Atitaya Sangiamkittikul and Marcel Curlin. The authors also would like to express their gratitude towards the participants in the study for their time and dedication, as well as to Marcel Curlin for his editorial comments. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 6 BP 424 EP 428 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011256 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 988MC UT WOS:000307494100009 PM 22807537 ER PT J AU Leeman, J Sommers, J Vu, M Jernigan, J Payne, G Thompson, D Heiser, C Farris, R Ammerman, A AF Leeman, Jennifer Sommers, Janice Vu, Maihan Jernigan, Jan Payne, Gayle Thompson, Diane Heiser, Claire Farris, Rosanne Ammerman, Alice TI An Evaluation Framework for Obesity Prevention Policy Interventions SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTS; STRATEGIES; FOOD AB As the emphasis on preventing obesity has grown, so have calls for interventions that extend beyond individual behaviors and address changes in environments and policies. Despite the need for policy action, little is known about policy approaches that are most effective at preventing obesity. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and others are funding the implementation and evaluation of new obesity prevention policies, presenting a distinct opportunity to learn from these practice-based initiatives and build the body of evidence-based approaches. However, contributions from this policy activity are limited by the incomplete and inconsistent evaluation data collected on policy processes and outcomes. We present a framework developed by the CDC-funded Center of Excellence for Training and Research Translation that public health practitioners can use to evaluate policy interventions and identify the practice-based evidence needed to fill the gaps in effective policy approaches to obesity prevention. C1 [Leeman, Jennifer] Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jernigan, Jan; Payne, Gayle; Thompson, Diane; Heiser, Claire; Farris, Rosanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Leeman, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Nursing, Carrington Hall,CB 7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jleeman@email.unc.edu FU CDC [U48 DP000059]; UNC from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [K12 HS019468] FX The work reported in this paper was funded through CDC grant no. U48 DP000059 to the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention at the University of North Carolina (UNC), Chapel Hill. Jennifer Leeman's work on the paper was also supported by the UNC Mentored Career Development Program in Comparative Effectiveness (grant no. K12 HS019468 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 AR 110322 DI 10.5888/pcd9.110322 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 977HY UT WOS:000306648500012 ER PT J AU Pawloski, LC Kirkland, KB Baughman, AL Martin, MD Talbot, EA Messonnier, NE Tondella, ML AF Pawloski, Lucia C. Kirkland, Kathryn B. Baughman, Andrew L. Martin, Monte D. Talbot, Elizabeth A. Messonnier, Nancy E. Tondella, Maria Lucia TI Does Tetanus-Diphtheria-Acellular Pertussis Vaccination Interfere with Serodiagnosis of Pertussis Infection? SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ANTIGEN CONTENT DIPHTHERIA; HEALTH-CARE PERSONNEL; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PREVENTING TETANUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ANTIBODY DECAY; UNITED-STATES AB An anti-pertussis toxin (PT) IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was analytically validated for the diagnosis of pertussis at a cutoff of 94 ELISA units (EU)/ml. Little was known about the performance of this ELISA in the diagnosis of adults recently vaccinated with tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine, which contains PT. The goal of this study was to determine when the assay can be used following Tdap vaccination. A cohort of 102 asymptomatic health care personnel (HCP) vaccinated with Tdap (Adacel; Sanofi Pasteur) were aged 19 to 79 years (median, 47 years) at vaccination. For each HCP, specimens were available for evaluation at 2 to 10 time points (prevaccination to 24 months postvaccination), and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) for the cohort were calculated at each time point. Among 97 HCP who responded to vaccination, a mixed-model analysis with prediction and tolerance intervals was performed to estimate the time at which serodiagnosis can be used following vaccination. The GMCs were 8, 21, and 9 EU/ml at prevaccination and 4 and 12 months postvaccination, respectively. Eight (8%) of the 102 HCP reached antibody titers of >= 94 EU/ml during their peak response, but none had these titers by 6 months postvaccination. The calculated prediction and tolerance intervals were <94 EU/ml by 45 and 75 days postvaccination, respectively. Tdap vaccination 6 months prior to testing did not confound result interpretation. This seroassay remains a valuable diagnostic tool for adult pertussis. C1 [Pawloski, Lucia C.; Baughman, Andrew L.; Martin, Monte D.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Tondella, Maria Lucia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirkland, Kathryn B.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. RP Pawloski, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpawloski@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 875 EP 880 DI 10.1128/CVI.05686-11 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 983HN UT WOS:000307110500007 PM 22539469 ER PT J AU Sullivan, KM Venugopalan, B Jefferds, ME Boy, E Bonilla, J Sandino, I Halleslevens, P AF Sullivan, Kevin M. Venugopalan, Balalakshmi Jefferds, Maria E. Boy, Eric Bonilla, Josefina Sandino, Ivette Halleslevens, Patricia TI Association of elevated alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and the prevalence of anemia in Nicaraguan preschool children SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Acute phase proteins; acute phase response; AGP; anemia; CRP; hemoglobin; inflammation ID IRON-DEFICIENCY; INFLAMMATION; INDICATORS; INFANTS AB Background. Anemia status is frequently assessed in cross-sectional surveys. Recently, the assessment of acute phase proteins (APPs) has become more common, primarily for iron and vitamin A biomarkers. Although the so-called "anemia of infection" has been known for years, the relationship between APPs and anemia has been infrequently presented. Objective. To assess the relationship between elevated alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and the prevalence of anemia among preschool children. Methods. A nationally representative household-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2003-05 in Nicaragua. Blood samples were collected from preschool children 6 to 59.9 months of age and tested for hemoglobin and AGR Data were also obtained on sex, weight, height, use of iron supplements, maternal education, and urban or rural status. Results. Among the 1,420 children assessed, the overall prevalence of anemia was 20.2% and the prevalence of elevated AGP was 24.0%. Children with elevated AGP had an anemia prevalence of 27.9%, compared with 17.8% among those with a normal AGP, for a crude prevalence odds ratio (POR) of 1.8 (p = .010). Accounting for age, maternal educational level, and year of survey using logistic regression, the adjusted POR for the association between elevated AGP and anemia was 1.5 (p = .053). Conclusions. Children in this survey with an elevated AGP had a higher prevalence of anemia, although after controlling for covariates the p-value did not indicate a statistically significant difference (p = .053). It may be helpful to account for APPs, when this information is available, for purposes of comparing anemia prevalence across populations or within a population over time. C1 [Sullivan, Kevin M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sullivan, Kevin M.; Jefferds, Maria E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boy, Eric] Micronutrient Initiat, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Bonilla, Josefina] NicaSalud, Managua, Nicaragua. [Sandino, Ivette] UNICEF, Managua, Nicaragua. [Halleslevens, Patricia] Minist Hlth, Managua, Nicaragua. RP Sullivan, KM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, CNR Room 3051,1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM cdckms@emory.edu FU Nicaraguan Ministry of Health, NicaSalud; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Micronutrient Initiative, Ottawa, Canada; Instituto de Nutricion de Centro America y Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City; UNICEF; US Agency for International Development; SIVIN FX This survey received financial and technical support from the Nicaraguan Ministry of Health, NicaSalud; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; the Micronutrient Initiative, Ottawa, Canada; the Instituto de Nutricion de Centro America y Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City; UNICEF; and the US Agency for International Development. The authors do not have any conflict of interest (financial or other). The authors thank the many organizations and individuals involved in the design, implementation, data collection, and support of SIVIN. The authors also thank those who participated in the survey. In addition, the authors thank Drs. David Thurnham, Ray Yip, and Christine Northrop-Clewes for their insight into the issues surrounding acute phase proteins and micronutrient and anemia status. The findings and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or of the other organizations involved. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 137 EP 141 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 977BW UT WOS:000306632400007 PM 22908695 ER PT J AU Bilukha, O Prudhon, C Moloney, G Hailey, P Doledec, D AF Bilukha, Oleg Prudhon, Claudine Moloney, Grainne Hailey, Peter Doledec, David TI Measuring anthropometric indicators through nutrition surveillance in humanitarian settings: Options, issues, and ways forward SO FOOD AND NUTRITION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Anthropometry; methods; nutrition surveillance; validity ID FOOD AB The technical discourse on nutrition surveillance started decades ago, and the first technical guidelines were proposed in mid-1970s. In spite of this long history, little evidence and consensus exists on the best methods for conducting nutrition surveillance, and on the validity of data produced by these approaches. Multiple nutrition surveillance systems exist in humanitarian settings; however, the validity and usefulness of data produced by these systems are often questionable. In this paper, we outline and define five major methodological approaches to collecting child anthropometric data through surveillance: repeated surveys, community-based sentinel sites, mass screenings, admission data from feeding centers, and data from health clinics. We discuss outstanding methodological and practical challenges with direct implications for quality, validity, and interpretability of collected data and highlight comparative advantages and disadvantages of different methods. We also propose ways forward to building a better evidence base by documenting the strengths and limitations of different approaches, with the eventual goal of achieving consensus on the best ways to collect anthropometric data through surveillance. C1 [Bilukha, Oleg] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30351 USA. [Prudhon, Claudine] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Moloney, Grainne] Food & Agr Org, Food Secur & Nutr Anal Unit Somalia, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hailey, Peter; Doledec, David] UNICEF, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hailey, Peter; Doledec, David] UNICEF, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Bilukha, O (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30351 USA. EM obilukha1@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT NUTRITION FOUNDATION PI BOSTON PA 150 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0379-5721 J9 FOOD NUTR BULL JI Food Nutr. Bull. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 977BW UT WOS:000306632400011 PM 22908699 ER PT J AU Ishida, K Stupp, P Turcios-Ruiz, R William, DB Espinoza, E AF Ishida, Kanako Stupp, Paul Turcios-Ruiz, Reina William, Daniel B. Espinoza, Evelyn TI Ethnic Inequality in Guatemalan Women's Use of Modern Reproductive Health Care SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY-RELATED CARE; CHILD HEALTH; SERVICE INTEGRATION; RURAL GUATEMALA; LATIN-AMERICA; FAMILY; RATES; INDIA AB CONTEXT: Guatemala has some of the poorest reproductive health indices and largest disparities in health in Latin America, particularly between indigenous and ladina women. To reduce these disparities, it is necessary to understand how indigenous women's disadvantages in linguistic, socioeconomic or residential characteristics relate to their underutilization of reproductive health services. METHODS: Logistic regression analyses of a nationally representative sample of women aged 15-49 from the 2008-2009 National Survey of Maternal and Infant Health were used to estimate ethnic disparities in women's use of institutional prenatal care and delivery, and in met demand for modern contraceptives. Using predicted probabilities, we estimated the extent to which these disparities were attributable to a language barrier among indigenous women and to their disadvantage in selected socioeconomic and residential characteristics. RESULTS: The ethnic difference in use of institutional prenatal care was small; however, institutional delivery was far less common among indigenous women than among ladina women (36% vs. 73%), as was met need for modern contraceptives (49% vs. 7296). Not speaking Spanish accounted for the largest portion of these ethnic differentials. Indigenous women's poor education and rural residence made up smaller portions of the ethnic differential in modern contraceptive use than did their economic disadvantage. CONCLUSION: The large proportion of indigenous women who use institutional prenatal care suggests that further integrating the three services may increase their use of institutional delivery and modern contraceptives. Adding speakers of local Mayan languages to the staff of health facilities could also help increase use. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2012, 38(2)99-108, doi:10.1363/3809912 C1 [Ishida, Kanako] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oah Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Espinoza, Evelyn] Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Ishida, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oah Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kishida@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 19 PU ALAN GUTTMACHER INST PI NEW YORK PA 125 MAIDEN LANE, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA SN 1944-0391 J9 INT PERSPECT SEX R H JI Int. Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 2 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1363/3809912 PG 10 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 975SN UT WOS:000306531900005 PM 22832150 ER PT J AU Boffetta, P Winn, DM Ioannidis, JP Thomas, DC Little, J Smith, GD Cogliano, VJ Hecht, SS Seminara, D Vineis, P Khoury, MJ AF Boffetta, Paolo Winn, Deborah M. Ioannidis, John P. Thomas, Duncan C. Little, Julian Smith, George Davey Cogliano, Vincent J. Hecht, Stephen S. Seminara, Daniela Vineis, Paolo Khoury, Muin J. TI Recommendations and proposed guidelines for assessing the cumulative evidence on joint effects of genes and environments on cancer occurrence in humans SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genetics; environment; interactions; evaluations ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; URINARY-BLADDER CANCER; MULTIFACTOR DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION APPROACH; CONTRALATERAL BREAST-CANCER; CASE-PARENT TRIADS; CASE-ONLY DESIGN; BAYESIAN-ANALYSIS; CONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITY; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE AB We propose guidelines to evaluate the cumulative evidence of gene-environment (G x E) interactions in the causation of human cancer. Our approach has its roots in the HuGENet and IARC Monographs evaluation processes for genetic and environmental risk factors, respectively, and can be applied to common chronic diseases other than cancer. We first review issues of definitions of G x E interactions, discovery and modelling methods for G x E interactions, and issues in systematic reviews of evidence for G x E interactions, since these form the foundation for appraising the credibility of evidence in this contentious field. We then propose guidelines that include four steps: (i) score the strength of the evidence for main effects of the (a) environmental exposure and (b) genetic variant; (ii) establish a prior score category and decide on the pattern of interaction to be expected; (iii) score the strength of the evidence for interaction between the environmental exposure and the genetic variant; and (iv) examine the overall plausibility of interaction by combining the prior score and the strength of the evidence and interpret results. We finally apply the scheme to the interaction between NAT2 polymorphism and tobacco smoking in determining bladder cancer risk. C1 [Boffetta, Paolo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Tisch Canc Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Int Prevent Res Inst, Lyon, France. [Winn, Deborah M.; Seminara, Daniela] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ioannidis, John P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P.] Stanford Univ, Dept Stat, Sch Humanities & Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P.] Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Thomas, Duncan C.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Biostat Div, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Smith, George Davey] Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Cogliano, Vincent J.] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Hecht, Stephen S.] Univ Minnesota, Masonic Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Vineis, Paolo] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, MRC HPA Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England. [Vineis, Paolo] HuGeF Fdn, Turin, Italy. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Boffetta, P (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Inst Translat Epidemiol, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM paolo.boffetta@mssm.edu RI Davey Smith, George/A-7407-2013; OI Davey Smith, George/0000-0002-1407-8314; Monsalve, Beatriz Elena/0000-0002-5994-866X; Hecht, Stephen/0000-0001-7228-1356 FU Medical Research Council [G0600705] NR 116 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 3 BP 686 EP 704 DI 10.1093/ije/dys010 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 974FV UT WOS:000306417300018 PM 22596931 ER PT J AU Nandram, B Katzoff, M AF Nandram, Balgobin Katzoff, Myron TI A hierarchical Bayesian nonresponse model for two-way categorical data from small areas with uncertainty about ignorability SO SURVEY METHODOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Metropolis-Hastings sampler; SIR algorithm; Nonignorable nonresponse model; Expansion model ID NONIGNORABLE NONRESPONSE; INFERENCE; PROPORTION AB We study the problem of nonignorable nonresponse in a two dimensional contingency table which can be constructed for each of several small areas when there is both item and unit nonresponse. In general, the provision for both types of nonresponse with small areas introduces significant additional complexity in the estimation of model parameters. For this paper, we conceptualize the full data array for each area to consist of a table for complete data and three supplemental tables for missing row data, missing column data, and missing row and column data. For nonignorable nonresponse, the total cell probabilities are allowed to vary by area, cell and these three types of "missingness". The underlying cell probabilities (i.e., those which would apply if full classification were always possible) for each area are generated from a common distribution and their similarity across the areas is parametrically quantified. Our approach is an extension of the selection approach for nonignorable nonresponse investigated by Nandram and Choi (2002a, b) for binary data; this extension creates additional complexity because of the multivariate nature of the data coupled with the small area structure. As in that earlier work, the extension is an expansion model centered on an ignorable nonresponse model so that the total cell probability is dependent upon which of the categories is the response. Our investigation employs hierarchical Bayesian models and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for posterior inference. The models and methods are illustrated with data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. C1 [Nandram, Balgobin] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Katzoff, Myron] CDC, Off Res & Methodol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Nandram, B (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, 100 Inst Rd, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. EM balnan@wpi.edu; mjk5@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU STATISTICS CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 100 TUNNEYS PASTURE DRIVEWAY, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0T6, CANADA SN 0714-0045 J9 SURV METHODOL JI Surv. Methodol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 1 BP 81 EP 93 PG 13 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA 970ZX UT WOS:000306172400009 ER PT J AU Green, BJ Simpson, RW Dettmann, ME AF Green, Brett J. Simpson, Rod W. Dettmann, Mary E. TI Assessment of airborne Asteraceae pollen in Brisbane, Australia SO AEROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aerobiology; Baccharis; Seasonal; Temperature; Public health AB In the southern hemisphere, the airborne prevalence and seasonal distribution of Asteraceae pollen are poorly characterized. In this study, we assessed the longitudinal distribution of Asteraceae pollen using an historic aerobiological dataset. The influence of weather parameters on pollen derived from Asteraceae species was additionally explored. Asteraceae pollen was collected using a static Burkard 7-day spore trap during a 5-year (June 1994-May 1999) aerometric surveillance program in Brisbane, Australia. Two discrete seasonal intervals were identified each sampling year. The first interval (September and October) consisted of small quantities of unidentifiable Asteraceae pollen. The second interval (March and April) was characterized by the highest concentrations of Asteraceae pollen that were predominantly derived from Baccharis halimifolia. Associations between daily Asteraceae pollen concentrations and temperature were observed during each sampling year. The results of the study demonstrated that pollen derived from B. halimifolia, an invasive weed species introduced in the late nineteenth century, continue to be in the environment of Brisbane. Given the public health burden associated with personal Asteraceae pollen exposure in other geographic locations, future Australian-based clinical studies should characterize the contribution of Asteraceae pollen, in particular B. halimifolia, to allergic sensitization and respiratory morbidity. C1 [Green, Brett J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Simpson, Rod W.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth & Educ, Maroochydore, Qld, Australia. [Dettmann, Mary E.] Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. RP Green, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM dox6@cdc.gov FU Asthma Foundation of Queensland FX This research was made possible by financial support from the Asthma Foundation of Queensland. Special thanks to Dr. Shannon Rutherford, and the staff of the School of Public Health, Griffith University, for their technical assistance, as well as the Department of Environment and the Bureau of Meteorology for providing the meteorological data. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-5965 J9 AEROBIOLOGIA JI Aerobiologia PD JUN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1007/s10453-011-9224-0 PG 7 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 968JV UT WOS:000305977200022 ER PT J AU Kahn, G Fitzwater, S Tate, J Kang, G Ganguly, N Nair, G Steele, D Arora, R Chawla-Sarkar, M Parashar, U Santosham, M AF Kahn, G. Fitzwater, S. Tate, J. Kang, G. Ganguly, N. Nair, G. Steele, D. Arora, R. Chawla-Sarkar, M. Parashar, U. Santosham, M. TI Epidemiology and Prospects for Prevention of Rotavirus Disease in India SO INDIAN PEDIATRICS LA English DT Review DE Epidemiology; Serotype distribution; Rotavirus; Vaccine ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; EASTERN INDIA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; NORTHERN INDIA; NEONATAL INFECTION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; GENOMIC DIVERSITY; HIGH PREVALENCE; BIRTH COHORT AB Context: With rotavirus vaccines now available globally, it will be useful to assemble the available evidence on the epidemiology and burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in India, in order to weigh the urgency of introducing a vaccine to help control rotavirus disease. Evidence Acquisition: We reviewed published studies on rotavirus infection and genotype distribution in India, as well as safety and immunogenicity studies of currently available vaccines. PubMed was searched for papers published after 1990, and several authors who are experts in the field recommended papers of known significance. Results: Rotavirus accounts for close to 40% of hospitalizations for diarrhea in India, with more recent studies showing an increased proportion compared with older studies. There is substantial serotype diversity in India, although there is less intra-country variation than previously thought. Two genotypes, G1P[8] and G2P[4], account for roughly 50% of symptomatic infections in non-neonates. Currently licensed vaccines are safe, and although the efficacy appears lower in developing countries, given the extremely high incidence of diarrhea these could still be cost-effective interventions. Conclusions: The epidemiology and burden of rotavirus diarrhea is fairly well characterized in India. Introducing rotavirus vaccine into the UIP, along with adequate surveillance, should be an important part of efforts to reduce diarrhea mortality, the third leading cause of death among Indian children, and achieve the country's MDG goals. C1 [Kahn, G.; Fitzwater, S.; Santosham, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Tate, J.; Parashar, U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kang, G.] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Ganguly, N.] Translat Hlth Sci & Technol Inst, New Delhi, India. [Nair, G.; Chawla-Sarkar, M.] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Kolkata, India. [Steele, D.] PATH, Rotavirus Vaccine Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Arora, R.] Indian Council Med Res, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, New Delhi, India. RP Santosham, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM msantosh@jhsph.edu NR 68 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0019-6061 EI 0974-7559 J9 INDIAN PEDIATR JI Indian Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 49 IS 6 BP 467 EP 474 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 967SX UT WOS:000305929200009 PM 22796685 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Rollin, PE AF MacNeil, Adam Rollin, Pierre E. TI Ebola and Marburg Hemorrhagic Fevers: Neglected Tropical Diseases? SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Review ID SANS-FRONTIERES INTERVENTION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; RESTON-EBOLAVIRUS; ZAIRE-EBOLAVIRUS; RISK-FACTORS; ANTIBODY PREVALENCE; HOUSEHOLD CONTACTS; NORTHERN UGANDA; CONGO; KIKWIT AB Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) and Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) are rare viral diseases, endemic to central Africa. The overall burden of EHF and MHF is small in comparison to the more common protozoan, helminth, and bacterial diseases typically referred to as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). However, EHF and MHF outbreaks typically occur in resource-limited settings, and many aspects of these outbreaks are a direct consequence of impoverished conditions. We will discuss aspects of EHF and MHF disease, in comparison to the "classic" NTDs, and examine potential ways forward in the prevention and control of EHF and MHF in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as examine the potential for application of novel vaccines or antiviral drugs for prevention or control of EHF and MHF among populations at highest risk for disease. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All funding was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 87 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 66 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 6 AR e1546 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001546 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 967YY UT WOS:000305945300002 PM 22761967 ER PT J AU Kuzmin, IV Shi, M Orciari, LA Yager, PA Velasco-Villa, A Kuzmina, NA Streicker, DG Bergman, DL Rupprecht, CE AF Kuzmin, Ivan V. Shi, Mang Orciari, Lillian A. Yager, Pamela A. Velasco-Villa, Andres Kuzmina, Natalia A. Streicker, Daniel G. Bergman, David L. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Molecular Inferences Suggest Multiple Host Shifts of Rabies Viruses from Bats to Mesocarnivores in Arizona during 2001-2009 SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS; UNITED-STATES; LYSSAVIRUSES; GLYCOPROTEIN; SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; SURVEILLANCE; DIVERSITY AB In nature, rabies virus (RABV; genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae) represents an assemblage of phylogenetic lineages, associated with specific mammalian host species. Although it is generally accepted that RABV evolved originally in bats and further shifted to carnivores, mechanisms of such host shifts are poorly understood, and examples are rarely present in surveillance data. Outbreaks in carnivores caused by a RABV variant, associated with big brown bats, occurred repeatedly during 2001-2009 in the Flagstaff area of Arizona. After each outbreak, extensive control campaigns were undertaken, with no reports of further rabies cases in carnivores for the next several years. However, questions remained whether all outbreaks were caused by a single introduction and further perpetuation of bat RABV in carnivore populations, or each outbreak was caused by an independent introduction of a bat virus. Another question of concern was related to adaptive changes in the RABV genome associated with host shifts. To address these questions, we sequenced and analyzed 66 complete and 20 nearly complete RABV genomes, including those from the Flagstaff area and other similar outbreaks in carnivores, caused by bat RABVs, and representatives of the major RABV lineages circulating in North America and worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that each Flagstaff outbreak was caused by an independent introduction of bat RABV into populations of carnivores. Positive selection analysis confirmed the absence of post-shift changes in RABV genes. In contrast, convergent evolution analysis demonstrated several amino acids in the N, P, G and L proteins, which might be significant for pre-adaptation of bat viruses to cause effective infection in carnivores. The substitution S/T-242 in the viral glycoprotein is of particular merit, as a similar substitution was suggested for pathogenicity of Nishigahara RABV strain. Roles of the amino acid changes, detected in our study, require additional investigations, using reverse genetics and other approaches. C1 [Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Shi, Mang; Orciari, Lillian A.; Yager, Pamela A.; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Kuzmina, Natalia A.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shi, Mang] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Streicker, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bergman, David L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA APHIS, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Kuzmin, IV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ibk3@cdc.gov RI Shi, Mang/D-5118-2013; Bergman, David/C-6874-2015; OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X; Streicker, Daniel/0000-0001-7475-2705 FU US Government FX The study was performed as a part of work of the Rabies Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and was funded by the US Government. No grants or extramural funding were used. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 AR e1002786 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002786 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 968ND UT WOS:000305987800049 PM 22737076 ER PT J AU Morris, AA Ahmed, Y Stoyanova, N Hooper, WC De Staerke, C Gibbons, G Quyyumi, A Vaccarino, V AF Morris, Alanna A. Ahmed, Yusuf Stoyanova, Neli Hooper, William Craig De Staerke, Christine Gibbons, Gary Quyyumi, Arshed Vaccarino, Viola TI The Association Between Depression and Leptin Is Mediated by Adiposity SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE leptin; depression; adiposity; adiponectin ID SERUM ADIPONECTIN; MAJOR DEPRESSION; HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY; OBESITY; ANTIDEPRESSANT; WOMEN; SCHIZOPHRENIA; INFLAMMATION; RESISTANCE; DISORDERS AB Objective: Animal models suggest that impaired leptin production, or leptin resistance despite increased leptin levels, may contribute to depression. The link between leptin and depression could be mediated by obesity, which is more common in depression and increases leptin production. Methods: We administered the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to 537 participants (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age = 51 [9] years; female, 61%) enrolled in the Morehouse and Emory Team up to Eliminate Health Disparities (META-Health) study. Leptin levels were examined as continuous log-transformed values. Results: Participants with moderate to severe depression had higher levels of leptin (median [interquartile range] 37.7 [17.6-64.9] ng/mL) than those with mild depression (22.9 [7.0-57.9] ng/mL) or minimal to no depression (19.8 ng/mL [7.8-39.1], p = .003). Participants with moderate to severe depression had higher body mass index (BMI) than those with mild or minimal depression (mean [SD] = 33 [8] versus 31 [9] versus 29 [7] kg/m(2), p = .001). After multivariate adjustment for age, sex, race, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, blood pressure, lipids, and C-reactive protein, the BDI-II score remained a significant predictor of leptin levels (beta = 0.093, p = .01). Further adjustment for BMI eliminated the association between the BDI-II score and leptin (beta = 0.03, p = .3). Adjusting for waist circumference in place of BMI revealed similar findings. Conclusions: The association between depression and leptin seems to be mediated by increased adiposity in depressed individuals. C1 [Morris, Alanna A.; Ahmed, Yusuf; Quyyumi, Arshed; Vaccarino, Viola] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stoyanova, Neli; Gibbons, Gary] Morehouse Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Hooper, William Craig; De Staerke, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vaccarino, Viola] Emory Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Morris, AA (reprint author), 1364 Clifton Rd,Suite D403B, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM aamorr3@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [1 U01 HL079156-01, 1 U01 HL79214-01]; NIH, National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [M01-RR00039, 5P20RR11104]; NIH [K24HL077506-06] FX This work was supported by funds from National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 1 U01 HL079156-01 (Dr. Quyyumi) and 1 U01 HL79214-01 (Dr. Gibbons); NIH, National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) Grant M01-RR00039 for the Emory General Clinical Research Center and NIH/NCRR 5P20RR11104 for the Morehouse Clinical Research Center; and NIH K24HL077506-06 (Dr. Vaccarino). NR 38 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 74 IS 5 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31824f5de0 PG 6 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 959GB UT WOS:000305299800008 PM 22582314 ER PT J AU Stier, DD Thombley, ML Kohn, MA Jesada, RA AF Stier, Daniel D. Thombley, Melisa L. Kohn, Melvin A. Jesada, Rebecca A. TI The Status of Legal Authority for Injury Prevention Practice in State Health Departments SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 [Stier, Daniel D.] William Mitchell Coll Law, Publ Hlth Law Ctr, Network Publ Hlth Law, Natl Coordinating Ctr, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Thombley, Melisa L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kohn, Melvin A.] Oregon Hlth Author, Salem, OR USA. [Jesada, Rebecca A.] Univ Maryland, Sch Law, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Stier, DD (reprint author), William Mitchell Coll Law, Publ Hlth Law Ctr, Network Publ Hlth Law, Natl Coordinating Ctr, 875 Summit Ave, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. EM Dan.Stier@wmitchell.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 6 BP 1067 EP 1078 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300454 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 951LX UT WOS:000304723200009 PM 22515850 ER PT J AU Goodman, RA Posid, JM Popovic, T AF Goodman, Richard A. Posid, Joseph M. Popovic, Tanja TI Investigations of Selected Historically Important Syndromic Outbreaks: Impact and Lessons Learned for Public Health Preparedness and Response SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; TOXIC-SHOCK SYNDROME; LEGIONNAIRES DISEASE BACTERIUM; HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; KAWASAKI-DISEASE; OIL-SYNDROME; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS; LYME ARTHRITIS C1 [Goodman, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Posid, Joseph M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Popovic, Tanja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Goodman, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-45,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rag4@cdc.gov NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 6 BP 1079 EP 1090 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300426 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 951LX UT WOS:000304723200010 PM 22571706 ER PT J AU Metsch, LR Feaster, DJ Gooden, L Matheson, T Mandler, RN Haynes, L Tross, S Kyle, T Gallup, D Kosinski, AS Douaihy, A Schackman, BR Das, M Lindblad, R Erickson, S Korthuis, PT Martino, S Sorensen, JL Szapocznik, J Walensky, R Branson, B Colfax, GN AF Metsch, Lisa R. Feaster, Daniel J. Gooden, Lauren Matheson, Tim Mandler, Raul N. Haynes, Louise Tross, Susan Kyle, Tiffany Gallup, Dianne Kosinski, Andrzej S. Douaihy, Antoine Schackman, Bruce R. Das, Moupali Lindblad, Robert Erickson, Sarah Korthuis, P. Todd Martino, Steve Sorensen, James L. Szapocznik, Jose Walensky, Rochelle Branson, Bernard Colfax, Grant N. TI Implementing Rapid HIV Testing With or Without Risk-Reduction Counseling in Drug Treatment Centers: Results of a Randomized Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAMS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS; HIV/AIDS; EFFICACY; SERVICES; NETWORK AB Objectives. We examined the effectiveness of risk reduction counseling and the role of on-site HIV testing in drug treatment. Methods. Between January and May 2009, we randomized 1281 HIV-negative (or status unknown) adults who reported no past-year HIV testing to (1) referral for off-site HIV testing, (2) HIV risk-reduction counseling with on-site rapid HIV testing, or (3) verbal information about testing only with on-site rapid HIV testing. Results. We defined 2 primary self-reported outcomes a priori: receipt of HIV test results and unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse episodes at 6-month follow-up. The combined on-site rapid testing participants received more HIV test results than off-site testing referral participants (P<.001; Mantel-Haenszel risk ratio = 4.52; 97.5% confidence interval [CI]= 3.57, 5.72). At 6 months, there were no significant differences in unprotected intercourse episodes between the combined on-site testing arms and the referral arm (P=.39; incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.04; 97.5% CI = 0.95, 1.14) or the 2 on-site testing arms (P=.81; IRR = 1.03; 97.5% CI = 0.84, 1.26). Conclusions. This study demonstrated on-site rapid HIV testing's value in drug treatment centers and found no additional benefit from HIV sexual risk-reduction counseling. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102:1160-1167. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300460) C1 [Metsch, Lisa R.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Matheson, Tim; Das, Moupali; Colfax, Grant N.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Mandler, Raul N.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Haynes, Louise] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Tross, Susan] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Tross, Susan] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Kyle, Tiffany] Ctr Drug Free Living Inc, Orlando, FL USA. [Gallup, Dianne; Kosinski, Andrzej S.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Kosinski, Andrzej S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Douaihy, Antoine] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Douaihy, Antoine] Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Schackman, Bruce R.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Lindblad, Robert] EMMES Corp Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Erickson, Sarah] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Korthuis, P. Todd] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. [Martino, Steve] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Sorensen, James L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Walensky, Rochelle] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Walensky, Rochelle] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Walensky, Rochelle] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Branson, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Metsch, LR (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 1120 NW 14th St,Suite 1019, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM Lmetsch@med.miami.edu RI Feaster, Daniel/I-6079-2013; OI Walensky, Rochelle P./0000-0002-8795-379X; Feaster, Daniel/0000-0002-6172-7460 FU National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network [U10DA013720, U10DA13720-09S, U10DA020036, U10DA15815, U10DA13034, U10DA013038, U10DA013732, U10DA13036, U10DA13727, U10DA015833, HHSN271200522081C, HHSN271200522071C] FX Funding for this study and analysis was provided by the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network under the following cooperative agreements, awards, and contracts: U10DA013720, U10DA13720-09S, U10DA020036, U10DA15815, U10DA13034, U10DA013038, U10DA013732, U10DA13036, U10DA13727, U10DA015833, HHSN271200522081C, and HHSN271200522071C. NR 25 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 6 BP 1160 EP 1167 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300460 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 951LX UT WOS:000304723200022 PM 22515871 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Nakano, M Omae, K Takeuchi, K Chonan, T Xiao, YL Harley, RA Roggli, VL Hebisawa, A Tallaksen, RJ Trapnell, BC Day, GA Saito, R Stanton, ML Suarthana, E Kreiss, K AF Cummings, Kristin J. Nakano, Makiko Omae, Kazuyuki Takeuchi, Koichiro Chonan, Tatsuya Xiao, Yong-long Harley, Russell A. Roggli, Victor L. Hebisawa, Akira Tallaksen, Robert J. Trapnell, Bruce C. Day, Gregory A. Saito, Rena Stanton, Marcia L. Suarthana, Eva Kreiss, Kathleen TI Indium Lung Disease SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY ALVEOLAR PROTEINOSIS; TIN-OXIDE; INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA; PROCESSING FACILITY; INHALATION; WORKERS; GRANULOMAS; PARTICLES; TOXICITY; FIBROSIS AB Background: Reports of pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, and, more recently, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) in indium workers suggested that workplace exposure to indium compounds caused several different lung diseases. Methods: To better understand the pathogenesis and natural history of indium lung disease, a detailed, systematic, multidisciplinary analysis of clinical, histopathologic, radiologic, and epidemiologic data for all reported cases and workplaces was undertaken. Results: Ten men (median age, 35 years) who produced, used, or reclaimed indium compounds were diagnosed with interstitial lung disease 4-13 years after first exposure (n = 7) or PAP 1-2 years after first exposure (n = 3). Common pulmonary histopathologic features in these patients included intraalveolar exudate typical of alveolar proteinosis (n = 9), cholesterol clefts and granulomas (n = 10), and fibrosis (n = 9). Two patients with interstitial lung disease had pneumothoraces. Lung disease progressed following cessation of exposure in most patients and was fatal in two. Radiographic data revealed that two patients with PAP subsequently developed fibrosis and one also developed emphysematous changes. Epidemiologic investigations demonstrated the potential for exposure to respirable particles and an excess of lung abnormalities among coworkers. Conclusions: Occupational exposure to indium compounds was associated with PAP, cholesterol ester crystals and granulomas, pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, and pneumothoraces. The available evidence suggests exposure to indium compounds causes a novel lung disease that may begin with PAP and progress to include fibrosis and emphysema, and, in some cases, premature death. Prospective studies are needed to better define the natural history and prognosis of this emerging lung disease and identify effective prevention strategies. CHEST 2012; 141(6):1512-1521 C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Day, Gregory A.; Saito, Rena; Stanton, Marcia L.; Suarthana, Eva; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Nakano, Makiko; Omae, Kazuyuki] Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan. [Takeuchi, Koichiro] Toyama Rosai Hosp, Occupat Resp Dis Ctr, Toyama, Japan. [Chonan, Tatsuya] Nikko Mem Hosp, Dept Med, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan. [Xiao, Yong-long] Nanjing Univ, Sch Med, Affiliated Drum Tower Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Harley, Russell A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Hebisawa, Akira] Tokyo Natl Hosp 2, Dept Pathol, Tokyo, Japan. [Tallaksen, Robert J.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Trapnell, Bruce C.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Suarthana, Eva] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kcummings@cdc.gov RI Omae, Kazuyuki/L-4270-2013; Nakano, Makiko/L-3795-2013 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health [NIH R01 HL085453] FX This work was supported by intramural funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Dr Trapnell is supported by the National Institutes of Health [Grant NIH R01 HL085453]. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2012 VL 141 IS 6 BP 1512 EP 1521 DI 10.1378/chest.11-1880 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 955RT UT WOS:000305039300025 PM 22207675 ER PT J AU Kim, YC Song, JM Lipatov, AS Choi, SO Lee, JW Donis, RO Compans, RW Kang, SM Prausnitz, MR AF Kim, Yeu-Chun Song, Jae-Min Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Choi, Seong-O Lee, Jeong Woo Donis, Ruben O. Compans, Richard W. Kang, Sang-Moo Prausnitz, Mark R. TI Increased immunogenicity of avian influenza DNA vaccine delivered to the skin using a microneedle patch SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza virus; Microneedle; DNA vaccine; Coating; DNA stability ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; H5N1 VIRUSES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; INTRADERMAL VACCINATION; GENETIC IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; CHALLENGE; ELECTROPORATION; INFECTION; HUMANS AB Effective public health responses to an influenza pandemic require an effective vaccine that can be manufactured and administered to large populations in the shortest possible time. In this study, we evaluated a method for vaccination against avian influenza virus that uses a DNA vaccine for rapid manufacturing and delivered by a microneedle skin patch for simplified administration and increased immunogenicity. We prepared patches containing 700-mu m long microneedles coated with an avian H5 influenza hemagglutinin DNA vaccine from A/Viet Nam/1203/04 influenza virus. The coating DNA dose increased with DNA concentration in the coating solution and the number of dip-coating cycles. Coated DNA was released into the skin tissue by dissolution within minutes. Vaccination of mice using microneedles induced higher levels of antibody responses and hemagglutination inhibition titers, and improved protection against lethal infection with avian influenza as compared to conventional intramuscular delivery of the same dose of the DNA vaccine. Additional analysis showed that the microneedle coating solution containing carboxymethylcellulose and a surfactant may have negatively affected the immunogenicity of the DNA vaccine. Overall, this study shows that DNA vaccine delivery by microneedles can be a promising approach for improved vaccination to mitigate an influenza pandemic. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kang, Sang-Moo] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Inflammat Immun & Infect, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kim, Yeu-Chun] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Kim, Yeu-Chun; Choi, Seong-O; Lee, Jeong Woo; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Song, Jae-Min; Compans, Richard W.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Song, Jae-Min] Sungshin Womens Univ, Dept Global Med Sci, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kang, SM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Inflammat Immun & Infect, Petit Sci Ctr Bldg,100 Piedmont,7th Floor,718, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM skang24@gsu.edu; prausnitz@gatech.edu RI Kim, Yeu Chun/B-3389-2012; Compans, Richard/I-4087-2013 OI Compans, Richard/0000-0003-2360-335X FU NIH [EB006369, AI0680003, AI081385, AI093772]; Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2007-357-C00088] FX This work was supported in part by NIH Grants EB006369 (M.R.P.), AI0680003 (R.W.C.), AI081385 (S.M.K.), and AI093772 (S.M.K.), and Korea Research Foundation Grant KRF-2007-357-C00088 (J.M.S). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. We thank Dr. Vladimir Zarnitsyn for microneedle fabrication, Dr. Fu-shi Quan for discussion of immunization studies, Mr. Dae-goon Yoo for technical help, Dr. Mark Allen for use of his laser microfabrication facilities, and Ms. Donna Bondy for administrative support. M.R.P. serves as a consultant and is an inventor on patents licensed to companies developing microneedle-based products. This potential conflict of interest has been disclosed and is being managed by Georgia Tech and Emory University. NR 59 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0939-6411 J9 EUR J PHARM BIOPHARM JI Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 81 IS 2 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.03.010 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 963AE UT WOS:000305591700001 PM 22504442 ER PT J AU Okoroh, EM Azonobi, IC Grosse, SD Grant, AM Atrash, HK James, AH AF Okoroh, Ekwutosi M. Azonobi, Ijeoma C. Grosse, Scott D. Grant, Althea M. Atrash, Hani K. James, Andra H. TI Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Pregnancy: A Review of Guidelines, 2000-2011 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Review ID POSTPARTUM PERIOD; RISK-FACTORS; THROMBOSIS; PROPHYLAXIS; DISEASE AB Introduction: Pregnant women are four to five times more likely than nonpregnant women to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this review is to provide an overview of guidelines in the literature on VTE risk assessment, screening for thrombophilias, and thromboprophylaxis dissemination among pregnant women. Methods: We performed a review of the published literature to identify evidence-based guidelines published between the years 2000 and 2011. We searched for guidelines from U. S. and international organizations that identified clinically based practice recommendations to healthcare providers on how VTE risk should be assessed, thrombophilias screened, and thromboprophylaxis disseminated among pregnant women. Results: We found nine guidelines that met our requirements for assessing VTE risk and found seven guidelines addressing thrombophilia screening. Seven of the nine agreed that all women should undergo a risk factor assessment for VTE either in early pregnancy or in the preconception period. Seven of the nine agreed that pregnant women with more than one additional VTE risk factor be considered for thromboprophylaxis, and five of the seven groups addressing thrombophilia screening agreed that selected at-risk populations should be considered for thrombophilia screening. Conclusions: There is some agreement between U. S. and international guidelines that women should be assessed for VTE risk during preconception and again in pregnancy. Although there is agreement that the general population of women should not be screened for thrombophilias, no agreement exists as to the clinical subgroups for which screening should be done. C1 [Okoroh, Ekwutosi M.; Azonobi, Ijeoma C.; Grosse, Scott D.; Grant, Althea M.; Atrash, Hani K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [James, Andra H.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Okoroh, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eokoroh@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 611 EP 615 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3600 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 962VK UT WOS:000305575100001 PM 22553908 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Shilkrut, A AF Kuklina, Elena V. Shilkrut, Alexander TI Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: One Step Closer to a Better Understanding SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; PREGNANCY; METAANALYSIS; BIRTH; INTERLEUKIN-6; BMI C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shilkrut, Alexander] New York Med Coll, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Metropolitan Hosp, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 619 EP 620 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.3678 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 962VK UT WOS:000305575100003 PM 22582721 ER PT J AU Iqbal, S Law, HZ Clower, JH Yip, FY Elixhauser, A AF Iqbal, Shahed Law, Huay-Zong Clower, Jacquelyn H. Yip, Fuyuen Y. Elixhauser, Anne TI Hospital burden of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in the United States, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DEATHS AB Background: Unintentional, non-fire-related (UNFR) carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of poisoning in the United States, but the overall hospital burden is unknown. This study presents patient characteristics and the most recent comprehensive national estimates of UNFR CO-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations. Methods: Data from the 2007 Nationwide Inpatient and Emergency Department Sample of the Hospitalization Cost and Utilization Project were analyzed. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists' CO poisoning case definition was used to classify confirmed, probable, and suspected cases. Results: In 2007, more than 230 000 ED visits (772 visits/million) and more than 22 000 hospitalizations (75 stays/million) were related to UNFR CO poisoning. Of these, 21 304 ED visits (71 visits/million) and 2302 hospitalizations (8 stays/million) were confirmed cases of UNFR CO poisoning. Among the confirmed cases, the highest ED visit rates were among persons aged 0 to 17 years (76 visits/million) and 18 to 44 years (87 visits/million); the highest hospitalization rate was among persons aged 85 years or older (18 stays/million). Women visited EDs more frequently than men, but men were more likely to be hospitalized. Patients residing in a nonmetropolitan area and in the northeast and midwest regions of the country had higher ED visit and hospitalization rates. Carbon monoxide exposures occurred mostly (>60%) at home. The hospitalization cost for confirmed CO poisonings was more than $26 million. Conclusion: Unintentional, non-fire-related CO poisonings pose significant economic and health burden; continuous monitoring and surveillance of CO poisoning are needed to guide prevention efforts. Public health programs should emphasize CO alarm use at home as the main prevention strategy. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Iqbal, Shahed; Law, Huay-Zong; Yip, Fuyuen Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Clower, Jacquelyn H.] Cazador, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Elixhauser, Anne] Agency Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Iqbal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM siqbal@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 5 BP 657 EP 664 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.03.003 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 961NR UT WOS:000305472400004 PM 21570230 ER PT J AU Li, CY Balluz, LS Ford, ES Okoro, CA Zhao, GX Pierannunzi, C AF Li, Chaoyang Balluz, Lina S. Ford, Earl S. Okoro, Catherine A. Zhao, Guixiang Pierannunzi, Carol TI A comparison of prevalence estimates for selected health indicators and chronic diseases or conditions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the National Health Interview Survey, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2008 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Prevalence estimate; Health survey; Health indicators; Chronic diseases ID FACE-TO-FACE; NONCOVERAGE BIAS; TELEPHONE SURVEY; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; CONTEXT; BRFSS; MODE AB Objective. To compare the prevalence estimates of selected health indicators and chronic diseases or conditions among three national health surveys in the United States. Methods. Data from adults aged 18 years or older who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 2007 and 2008 (n=807,524), the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in 2007 and 2008 (n=44,262), and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2007 and 2008 (n = 5871) were analyzed. Results. The prevalence estimates of current smoking, obesity, hypertension, and no health insurance were similar across the three surveys, with absolute differences ranging from 0.7% to 3.9% (relative differences: 2.3% to 20.2%). The prevalence estimate of poor or fair health from BRFSS was similar to that from NHANES, but higher than that from NHIS. The prevalence estimates of diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke were similar across the three surveys, with absolute differences ranging from 0.0% to 0.8% (relative differences: 0.2% to 17.1%). Conclusion. While the BRFSS continues to provide invaluable health information at state and local level, it is reassuring to observe consistency in the prevalence estimates of key health indicators of similar caliber between BRFSS and other national surveys. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.; Okoro, Catherine A.; Zhao, Guixiang; Pierannunzi, Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.003 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 960HP UT WOS:000305378900002 PM 22521996 ER PT J AU Pregonero, AF Gomez, LF Parra, DC Cohen, DD Paternina, CMA Lobelo, F AF Florez Pregonero, Alberto Fernando Gomez, Luis Parra, Diana C. Cohen, Daniel D. Arango Paternina, Carlos Mario Lobelo, Felipe TI Time spent traveling in motor vehicles and its association with overweight and abdominal obesity in Colombian adults who do not own a car SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Motor vehicles; Sedentary behaviors; Travel time ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SEDENTARY TIME; SITTING TIME; RISK; MORTALITY AB Objective. This study examined associations between time spent traveling in motor vehicles per week (TSTMV) and BMI and abdominal obesity (AO) among Colombian adults residing in urban areas who do not own car. Method. Secondary data analysis of the 2005 National Nutrition Survey of Colombia was conducted. TSTMV was assessed using the long International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Body composition was measured in 7900 adults. Polytomous and binary logistic regressions were conducted, stratified by gender and adjusted for confounders, including physical activity (PA). Results. Forty-two percent of participants were either overweight or obese according to their BM!, and 22.4% had AO. Males in the middle (10 to 149 min) and highest (>150 min) TSTMV tertiles were more likely to be overweight (POR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.13-2.21 and POR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.12-2.15 respectively, p-trend = 0.012), obese (POR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.43-3.99 and POR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.22-3.08 respectively, p trend = 0.019) and to have AO (POR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.18-2.78 and POR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.18-2.54 respectively, p-trend = 0.009). Associations were not significant in females. Conclusions. TSTMV was positively associated with overweight and AO in adult Colombian males even after adjusting for PA. These findings highlight the potential deleterious health effects of sedentary behaviors such as prolonged traveling time, independently of having met PA recommendations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Florez Pregonero, Alberto] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Fac Educ, Dept Formac, Bogota, Colombia. [Fernando Gomez, Luis] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent & Social, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra, Diana C.; Arango Paternina, Carlos Mario] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO USA. [Cohen, Daniel D.] London Metropolitan Univ, Fac Life Sci, London, England. [Cohen, Daniel D.] Concordia Univ, Ctr Res Human Dev, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Hlth Promot Off, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pregonero, AF (reprint author), Carrera 7,40-62 Edificio,25 Piso 4, Bogota, Colombia. EM floreza@javeriana.edu.co RI lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 402 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.002 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 960HP UT WOS:000305378900006 ER PT J AU Stormo, AR Cooper, CP Hawkins, NA Saraiya, M AF Stormo, Analia Romina Cooper, Crystale Purvis Hawkins, Nikki A. Saraiya, Mona TI Physician characteristics and beliefs associated with use of pelvic examinations in asymptomatic women SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Women's health; Gynecological examination; Preventive health services; Cancer screening; Female contraception; Pelvic examinations; Evidence-based medicine; Ovarian cancer; Physician's practice patterns ID HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; VAGINAL SWABS; CANCER; CARE; INFECTIONS; GUIDELINES; ATTITUDES AB Objective. To examine physicians' beliefs about the pelvic examination and identify physician characteristics associated with routine use of this procedure in the United States. Methods. A total of 1250 United States family/general practitioners, internists, and obstetrician/gynecologists who participated in the 2009 DocStyles survey completed questions on beliefs regarding the utility of routine pelvic examinations for cancer screening. The survey also asked participants how often they performed this procedure as part of a well-woman exam, to screen for ovarian and other gynecologic cancers, to screen for sexually transmitted infections, and as a prerequisite for prescribing hormonal contraception. Results. A total of 68.0% of obstetrician/gynecologists, 39.2% of family/general practitioners, and 18.7% of internists reported routinely performing pelvic examinations for all the purposes examined (<0.001). Adjusted analyses revealed that the factors most strongly associated with use of pelvic examinations for all purposes were being an obstetrician/gynecologist (odds ratio 8.5; 95% confidence interval 5.8-12.6) and believing that this procedure is useful to screen for gynecologic cancers (odds ratio 3.8; 95% confidence interval 2.6-5.5). Conclusion. Misconceptions about the utility of pelvic examinations to screen for gynecologic cancers are common. More effective strategies to change physicians' beliefs regarding the value of performing pelvic examinations in asymptomatic women are needed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Stormo, Analia Romina; Hawkins, Nikki A.; Saraiya, Mona] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Stormo, AR (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM uxr6@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 415 EP 421 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.03.012 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 960HP UT WOS:000305378900009 PM 22484240 ER PT J AU Gustin, KM Belser, JA Katz, JM Tumpey, TM Maines, TR AF Gustin, Kortney M. Belser, Jessica A. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. Maines, Taronna R. TI Innovations in modeling influenza virus infections in the laboratory SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE influenza virus; animal models; bioaerosol; transmission ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM; GUINEA-PIG MODEL; A VIRUS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; H5N1 VIRUS; RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; UNITED-STATES; H1N1 VIRUS AB Respiratory viruses represent one of the most substantial infectious disease burdens to the human population today, and in particular, seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses pose a persistent threat to public health worldwide. In recent years, advances in techniques used in experimental research have provided the means to better understand the mechanisms of pathogenesis and transmission of respiratory viruses, and thus more accurately model these infections in the laboratory. Here, we briefly review the model systems used to study influenza virus infections, and focus particularly on recent advances that have increased our knowledge of these formidable respiratory pathogens. C1 [Gustin, Kortney M.; Belser, Jessica A.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Maines, Taronna R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Maines, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tmaines@cdc.gov NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-842X J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL JI Trends Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 6 BP 275 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.tim.2012.03.006 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 961XJ UT WOS:000305502500004 PM 22520511 ER PT J AU Greene, SK Rett, M Weintraub, ES Li, LL Yin, RH Amato, AA Ho, DT Sheikh, SI Fireman, BH Daley, MF Belongia, EA Jacobsen, SJ Baxter, R Lieu, TA Kulldorff, M Vellozzi, C Lee, GM AF Greene, Sharon K. Rett, Melisa Weintraub, Eric S. Li, Lingling Yin, Ruihua Amato, Anthony A. Ho, Doreen T. Sheikh, Sarah I. Fireman, Bruce H. Daley, Matthew F. Belongia, Edward A. Jacobsen, Steven J. Baxter, Roger Lieu, Tracy A. Kulldorff, Martin Vellozzi, Claudia Lee, Grace M. TI Risk of Confirmed Guillain-Barre Syndrome Following Receipt of Monovalent Inactivated Influenza A (H1N1) and Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, 2009-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Guillain-Barre syndrome; influenza A virus; influenza A virus; H1N1 subtype; influenza vaccines; managed care programs; population surveillance; safety; vaccines ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CASE SERIES; SURVEILLANCE; ASSOCIATION; RECOMMENDATIONS; ORGANIZATION; PREVENTION; ACCURACY AB An increased risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) following administration of the 1976 swine influenza vaccine led to a heightened focus on GBS when monovalent vaccines against a novel influenza A (H1N1) virus of swine origin were introduced in 2009. GBS cases following receipt of monovalent inactivated (MIV) and seasonal trivalent inactivated (TIV) influenza vaccines in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project in 2009-2010 were identified in electronic data and confirmed by medical record review. Within 1-42 days following vaccination, 9 cases were confirmed in MIV recipients (1.48 million doses), and 8 cases were confirmed in TIV-only recipients who did not also receive MIV during 2009-2010 (1.72 million doses). Five cases following MIV and 1 case following TIV-only had an antecedent respiratory infection, a known GBS risk factor; furthermore, unlike TIV, MIV administration was concurrent with heightened influenza activity. In a self-controlled risk interval analysis comparing GBS onset within 1-42 days following MIV with GBS onset 43-127 days following MIV, the risk difference was 5.0 cases per million doses (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 9.5). No statistically significant increased GBS risk was found within 1-42 days following TIV-only vaccination versus 43-84 days following vaccination (risk difference = 1.1 cases per million doses, 95% confidence interval: -3.1, 5.4). Further evaluation to assess GBS risk following both vaccination and respiratory infection is warranted. C1 [Greene, Sharon K.; Rett, Melisa; Li, Lingling; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.; Kulldorff, Martin; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Greene, Sharon K.; Rett, Melisa; Li, Lingling; Yin, Ruihua; Lieu, Tracy A.; Kulldorff, Martin; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Weintraub, Eric S.; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Amato, Anthony A.; Ho, Doreen T.; Sheikh, Sarah I.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fireman, Bruce H.; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Greene, SK (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM sharon_greene@harvardpilgrim.org OI Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993; Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-8174-8533 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732]; Merck Research Laboratories; Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis; GSK; MedImmune; Protein Sciences FX This work was supported by a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; Dr. Jacobsen has received research funding from and served as an unpaid consultant to Merck Research Laboratories. Dr. Baxter has received research grants from Sanofi Pasteur, Novartis, GSK, MedImmune, and Protein Sciences. No other authors have any potential or real conflicts of interest to declare. NR 37 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 175 IS 11 BP 1100 EP 1109 DI 10.1093/aje/kws195 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 956IC UT WOS:000305082300002 PM 22582210 ER PT J AU Wise, ME Viray, M Sejvar, JJ Lewis, P Baughman, AL Connor, W Danila, R Giambrone, GP Hale, C Hogan, BC Meek, JI Murphree, R Oh, JY Reingold, A Tellman, N Conner, SM Singleton, JA Lu, PJ DeStefano, F Fridkin, SK Vellozzi, C Morgan, OW AF Wise, Matthew E. Viray, Melissa Sejvar, James J. Lewis, Paige Baughman, Andrew L. Connor, Walter Danila, Richard Giambrone, Greg P. Hale, Christa Hogan, Brenna C. Meek, James I. Murphree, Rendi Oh, John Y. Reingold, Arthur Tellman, Norisse Conner, Susan M. Singleton, James A. Lu, Peng-Jun DeStefano, Frank Fridkin, Scott K. Vellozzi, Claudia Morgan, Oliver W. TI Guillain-Barre Syndrome During the 2009-2010 H1N1 Influenza Vaccination Campaign: Population-based Surveillance Among 45 Million Americans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Guillain-Barre syndrome; influenza A virus; influenza A virus; H1N1 subtype; influenza vaccines; population surveillance; safety; vaccines ID UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VACCINES; ASSOCIATION; SAFETY; COVERAGE; PROGRAM; SYSTEM AB Because of widespread distribution of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine (pH1N1 vaccine) and the prior association between Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and the 1976 H1N1 influenza vaccine, enhanced surveillance was implemented to estimate the magnitude of any increased GBS risk following administration of pH1N1 vaccine. The authors conducted active, population-based surveillance for incident cases of GBS among 45 million persons residing at 10 Emerging Infections Program sites during October 2009-May 2010; GBS was defined according to published criteria. The authors determined medical and vaccine history for GBS cases through medical record review and patient interviews. The authors used vaccine coverage data to estimate person-time exposed and unexposed to pH1N1 vaccine and calculated age- and sex-adjusted rate ratios comparing GBS incidence in these groups, as well as age- and sex-adjusted numbers of excess GBS cases. The authors received 411 reports of confirmed or probable GBS. The rate of GBS immediately following pH1N1 vaccination was 57% higher than in person-time unexposed to vaccine (adjusted rate ratio = 1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.21), corresponding to 0.74 excess GBS cases per million pH1N1 vaccine doses (95% confidence interval: 0.04, 1.56). This excess risk was much smaller than that observed during the 1976 vaccine campaign and was comparable to some previous seasonal influenza vaccine risk assessments. C1 [Wise, Matthew E.; Viray, Melissa; Lewis, Paige; DeStefano, Frank; Fridkin, Scott K.; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wise, Matthew E.; Hale, Christa; Murphree, Rendi; Oh, John Y.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sejvar, James J.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baughman, Andrew L.; Morgan, Oliver W.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Connor, Walter] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Danila, Richard] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Giambrone, Greg P.] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Hale, Christa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Hogan, Brenna C.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Meek, James I.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Murphree, Rendi] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Oh, John Y.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Portland, OR USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Tellman, Norisse] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tellman, Norisse] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Conner, Susan M.] CDC, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singleton, James A.; Lu, Peng-Jun] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wise, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxx4@cdc.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [KM1 CA156708] NR 38 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 175 IS 11 BP 1110 EP 1119 DI 10.1093/aje/kws196 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 956IC UT WOS:000305082300003 PM 22582209 ER PT J AU Sellers, B Hall, P Cine-Gowdie, S Hays, AL Patel, K Lockhart, SR Franco-Paredes, C AF Sellers, Brenda Hall, Peggy Cine-Gowdie, Stalina Hays, Allison L. Patel, Kalpesh Lockhart, Shawn R. Franco-Paredes, Carlos TI Cryptococcus gattii: An Emerging Fungal Pathogen in the Southeastern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neoformans; Georgia; United States; Meningitis; Encephalitis ID NEOFORMANS; INFECTION AB The authors present a case of severe meningoencephalitis with cryptococcomas and hydrocephalus due to Cryptococcus gattii of the molecular type VGI in an otherwise healthy man native to Southwest Georgia without any history of travel. Clinicians need to be aware of this fungal emerging pathogen in the Southern United States. C1 [Hall, Peggy; Franco-Paredes, Carlos] Phoebe Putney Mem Hosp, Infect Dis & Travel Clin, Albany, GA 31701 USA. [Sellers, Brenda; Hall, Peggy] Phoebe Putney Mem Hosp, Microbiol Lab, Albany, GA 31701 USA. [Cine-Gowdie, Stalina] Phoebe Putney Mem Hosp, Dept Family Med, Albany, GA 31701 USA. [Hays, Allison L.] Phoebe Putney Mem Hosp, Dept Radiol, Albany, GA 31701 USA. [Franco-Paredes, Carlos] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Federico Gomez, Mexico. [Patel, Kalpesh] Albany Neurol, Albany, GA USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Franco-Paredes, C (reprint author), Phoebe Putney Mem Hosp, Infect Dis & Travel Clin, 507 3rd St,Suite 2-3, Albany, GA 31701 USA. EM cfranco@ppmh.org NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 343 IS 6 BP 510 EP 511 DI 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3182464bc7 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 958YQ UT WOS:000305277300017 PM 22314106 ER PT J AU Vaughan, E Tinker, TL Truman, BI Edelson, P Morse, SS AF Vaughan, Elaine Tinker, Tim L. Truman, Benedict I. Edelson, Paul Morse, Stephen S. TI PREDICTING RESPONSE TO REASSURANCES AND UNCERTAINTIES IN BIOTERRORISM COMMUNICATIONS FOR URBAN POPULATIONS IN NEW YORK AND CALIFORNIA SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RISK COMMUNICATION; PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS; SOCIAL VULNERABILITY; TERRORIST INCIDENTS; POSTAL WORKERS; HEALTH-RISK; CRISIS; LESSONS; ATTACKS AB Recent national plans for recovery from bioterrorism acts perpetrated in densely populated urban areas acknowledge the formidable technical and social challenges of consequence management. Effective risk and crisis communication is one priority to strengthen the U.S.'s response and resilience. However, several notable risk events since September 11, 2001, have revealed vulnerabilities in risk/crisis communication strategies and infrastructure of agencies responsible for protecting civilian populations. During recovery from a significant biocontamination event, 2 goals are essential: (1) effective communication of changing risk circumstances and uncertainties related to cleanup, restoration, and reoccupancy; and (2) adequate responsiveness to emerging information needs and priorities of diverse populations in high-threat, vulnerable locations. This telephone survey study explored predictors of public reactions to uncertainty communications and reassurances from leaders related to the remediation stage of an urban-based bioterrorism incident. African American and Hispanic adults (N=320) were randomly sampled from 2 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse geographic areas in New York and California assessed as high threat, high vulnerability for terrorism and other public health emergencies. Results suggest that considerable heterogeneity exists in risk perspectives and information needs within certain sociodemographic groups; that success of risk/crisis communication during recovery is likely to be uneven; that common assumptions about public responsiveness to particular risk communications need further consideration; and that communication effectiveness depends partly on preexisting values and risk perceptions and prior trust in leaders. Needed improvements in communication strategies are possible with recognition of where individuals start as a reference point for reasoning about risk information, and comprehension of how this influences subsequent interpretation of agencies' actions and communications. C1 [Vaughan, Elaine] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Social Ecol, Dept Psychol & Social Behav, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Tinker, Tim L.] Booz Allen & Hamilton Inc, Risk & Crisis Commun Capabil, Rockville, MD USA. [Truman, Benedict I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edelson, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morse, Stephen S.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Vaughan, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Social Ecol, Dept Psychol & Social Behav, 3340 SE2 Bldg, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM evaughan@uci.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; PHS HHS [A1313-21/22] NR 89 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 188 EP 202 DI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0100 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 959DH UT WOS:000305291200006 PM 22582813 ER PT J AU Shapiro, JA Klabunde, CN Thompson, TD Nadel, MR Seeff, LC White, A AF Shapiro, Jean A. Klabunde, Carrie N. Thompson, Trevor D. Nadel, Marion R. Seeff, Laura C. White, Arica TI Patterns of Colorectal Cancer Test Use, Including CT Colonography, in the 2010 National Health Interview Survey SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; SCREENING SIGMOIDOSCOPY; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; POPULATION; VETERANS; CARE; RECOMMENDATION AB Background: Recommended colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests for adults ages 50 to 75 years include home fecal occult blood tests (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy with FOBT, and colonoscopy. A newer test, computed tomographic (CT) colonography, has been recommended by some, but not all, national organizations. Methods: We analyzed 2010 National Health Interview Survey data, including new CT colonography questions, from respondents ages 50 to 75 years (N = 8,952). We (i) assessed prevalence of CRC test use overall, by test type, and by sociodemographic and health care access factors and (ii) assessed reported reasons for not having a CRC test. Results: The age-standardized percentage of respondents reporting FOBT, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy within recommended time intervals was 58.3%[95% confidence interval (Cl), 57.0-59.6]. Colonoscopy was the most commonly reported test [within past 10 years: 54.6% (95% Cl, 53.2-55.9)]. Home FOBT and sigmoidoscopy with FOBT were less frequently used [FOBT within past year: 8.8% (95% CI, 8.1-9.6); sigmoidoscopy within past 5 years with FOBT within past 3 years: 1.3% (95% CI, 1.0-1.6)]. CT colonography was rare: 1.3% (95% CI, 1.0-1.7). Increasing age, education, income, having health care insurance, and having a usual source of health care were associated with higher CRC test use. Test use within recommended time intervals was particularly low among individuals ages 50 to 64 years without health care insurance [21.2% (95% CI, 18.3-24.4)]. The most common reason for nonuse was "no reason or never thought about it." Conclusions: About 40% of Americans ages 50 to 75 years do not meet the recommendations for having CRC screening tests. Impact: Expanded health care coverage and greater awareness of CRC screening are needed to further decrease CRC mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prey; 21(6); 895-904. (C) 2012 AACR. C1 [Shapiro, Jean A.; Thompson, Trevor D.; Nadel, Marion R.; Seeff, Laura C.; White, Arica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Klabunde, Carrie N.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shapiro, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zga9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 895 EP 904 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0192 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 957NK UT WOS:000305169500004 PM 22490320 ER PT J AU Benowitz, NL Renner, CC Lanier, AP Tyndale, RF Hatsukami, DK Lindgren, B Stepanov, I Watson, CH Sosnoff, CS Jacob, P AF Benowitz, Neal L. Renner, Caroline C. Lanier, Anne P. Tyndale, Rachel F. Hatsukami, Dorothy K. Lindgren, Bruce Stepanov, Irina Watson, Clifford H. Sosnoff, Connie S. Jacob, Peyton, III TI Exposure to Nicotine and Carcinogens among Southwestern Alaskan Native Cigarette Smokers and Smokeless Tobacco Users SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN URINE; METABOLITES; COTININE; DEPENDENCE; SAMPLES; CANCER; IQMIK; FORM AB Background: The prevalence of tobacco use, both cigarette smoking and smokeless, including iqmik (homemade smokeless tobacco prepared with dried tobacco leaves mixed with alkaline ash), and of tobacco-related cancer is high in Alaskan Native people (AN). To investigate possible mechanisms of increased cancer risk we studied levels of nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA) in tobacco products and biomarkers of tobacco toxicant exposure in Southwestern AN people. Methods: Participants included 163 cigarette smokers, 76 commercial smokeless tobacco, 20 iqmik, 31 dual cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco, and 110 nontobacco users. Tobacco use history, samples of tobacco products used, and blood and urine samples were collected. Results: Nicotine concentrations were highest in cigarette tobacco and TSNAs highest in commercial smokeless tobacco products. The AN participants smoked on average 7.8 cigarettes per day. Nicotine exposure, assessed by several biomarker measures, was highest in iqmik users, and similar in smokeless tobacco and cigarette smokers. TSNA exposure was highest in smokeless tobacco users, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure was highest in cigarette smokers. Conclusions: Despite smoking fewer cigarettes per day, AN cigarette smokers had similar daily intake of nicotine compared to the general U.S. population. Nicotine exposure was greatest from iqmik, likely related to its high pH due to preparation with ash, suggesting high addiction potential compared to other smokeless tobacco products. TSNA exposure was much higher with smokeless tobacco than other product use, possibly contributing to the high rates of oral cancer. Impact: Our data contribute to an understanding of the high addiction risk of iqmik use and of the cancer-causing potential of various forms of tobacco use among AN people. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(6); 934-42. (C) 2012 AACR. C1 [Benowitz, Neal L.; Jacob, Peyton, III] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Benowitz, Neal L.; Jacob, Peyton, III] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Benowitz, Neal L.; Jacob, Peyton, III] Univ Calif San Francisco, Helen Diller Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Renner, Caroline C.; Lanier, Anne P.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Clin Res Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Tyndale, Rachel F.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tyndale, Rachel F.] Univ Toronto, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tyndale, Rachel F.] Univ Toronto, Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hatsukami, Dorothy K.; Lindgren, Bruce; Stepanov, Irina] Univ Minnesota, Masonic Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Watson, Clifford H.; Sosnoff, Connie S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Benowitz, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Box 1220, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM NBenowitz@MedSFGH.ucsf.edu OI Stepanov, Irina/0000-0001-5140-8944 FU NIDA/NCI NARCH III (Indian Health Service) [U26IHS30001/01]; National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA012353] FX This study was supported NIDA/NCI NARCH III (Indian Health Service Grant) U26IHS30001/01 and National Institute on Drug Abuse grant DA012353. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 934 EP 942 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-1178 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 957NK UT WOS:000305169500008 PM 22490317 ER PT J AU Lupo, PJ Langlois, PH Reefhuis, J Lawson, CC Symanski, E Desrosiers, TA Khodr, ZG Agopian, AJ Waters, MA Duwe, KN Finnell, RH Mitchell, LE Moore, CA Romitti, PA Shaw, GM AF Lupo, Philip J. Langlois, Peter H. Reefhuis, Jennita Lawson, Christina C. Symanski, Elaine Desrosiers, Tania A. Khodr, Zeina G. Agopian, A. J. Waters, Martha A. Duwe, Kara N. Finnell, Richard H. Mitchell, Laura E. Moore, Cynthia A. Romitti, Paul A. Shaw, Gary M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Maternal Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Effects on Gastroschisis among Offspring in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE birth defects; gastroschisis; maternal exposure; occupation; PAHs ID UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; ETIOLOGIC HETEROGENEITY; HUMAN PLACENTA; DNA ADDUCTS; IN-VITRO; RISK; EMBRYOTOXICITY; CANCER; BENZOPYRENE AB BACKGROUND: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs in many occupational settings. There is evidence in animal models that maternal exposure to PAHs during pregnancy is associated with gastroschisis in offspring; however, to our knowledge, no human studies examining this association have been conducted. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to conduct a case-control study assessing the association between estimated maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and gastroschisis in offspring. METHODS: Data from gastroschisis cases and control infants were obtained from the population-based National Birth Defects Prevention Study for the period 1997-2002. Exposure to PAHs was assigned by industrial hygienist consensus, based on self-reported maternal occupational histories from 1 month before conception through the third month of pregnancy. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between estimated occupational PAH exposure and gastroschisis among children whose mothers were employed for at least 1 month during the month before conception through the third month of pregnancy. RESULTS: The prevalence of estimated occupational PAH exposure was 9.0% in case mothers (27 of 299) and 3.6% in control mothers (107 of 2,993). Logistic regression analyses indicated a significant association between occupational PAHs and gastroschisis among mothers >= 20 years of age [odds ratio (OR) = 2.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27, 5.04] after adjusting for maternal body mass index, education, gestational diabetes, and smoking. This association was not seen in mothers < 20 years (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 0.55, 2.33), which is notable because although young maternal age is the strongest known risk factor for gastroschisis, most cases are born to mothers = 20 years. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate an association between occupational exposure to PAHs among mothers who are = 20 years and gastroschisis. These results contribute to a body of evidence that PAHs may be teratogenic. C1 [Lupo, Philip J.; Symanski, Elaine; Khodr, Zeina G.; Agopian, A. J.; Mitchell, Laura E.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Reefhuis, Jennita; Duwe, Kara N.; Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Finnell, Richard H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dell Pediat Res Inst, Dept Nutr Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Lupo, PJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr,RAS 511, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Philip.J.Lupo@uth.tmc.edu OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U01DD000494] FX This study was supported in part through cooperative agreement U01DD000494 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to the Texas Department of State Health Services Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 27 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 910 EP 915 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104305 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700034 PM 22330681 ER PT J AU Spanier, AJ Kahn, RS Kunselman, AR Hornung, R Xu, YY Calafat, AM Lanphear, BP AF Spanier, Adam J. Kahn, Robert S. Kunselman, Allen R. Hornung, Richard Xu, Yingying Calafat, Antonia M. Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A and Child Wheeze from Birth to 3 Years of Age SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bisphenol A; BPA; child; cotinine; prenatal; tobacco; wheeze ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INTERIOR SURFACE MATERIALS; DAY-CARE ATTENDANCE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; US POPULATION; 1ST YEAR; ASTHMA; HOME; RISK; LIFE AB BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is routinely detected in > 90% of Americans, promotes experimental asthma in mice. The association of prenatal BPA exposure and wheeze has not been evaluated in humans. OBJECTIVE:We examined the relationship between prenatal BPA exposure and wheeze in early childhood. METHODS: We measured BPA concentrations in serial maternal urine samples from a prospective birth cohort of 398 mother-infant pairs and assessed parent-reported child wheeze every 6 months for 3 years. We used generalized estimating equations with a logit link to evaluate the association of prenatal urinary BPA concentration with the dichotomous outcome wheeze (wheeze over the previous 6 months). RESULTS: Data were available for 365 children; BPA was detected in 99% of maternal urine samples during pregnancy. In multivariable analysis, a one-unit increase in log-transformed creatinine-standardized mean prenatal urinary BPA concentration was not significantly associated with child wheeze from birth to 3 years of age, but there was an interaction of BPA concentration with time (p = 0.003). Mean prenatal BPA above versus below the median was positively associated with wheeze at 6 months of age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 4.1] but not at 3 years (AOR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3, 1.1). In secondary analyses evaluating associations of each prenatal BPA concentration separately, urinary BPA concentrations measured at 16 weeks gestation were associated with wheeze (AOR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.5), but BPA concentrations at 26 weeks of gestation or at birth were not. CONCLUSIONS: Mean prenatal BPA was associated with increased odds of wheeze in early life, and the effect diminished over time. Evaluating exposure at each prenatal time point demonstrated an association between wheeze from 6 months to 3 years and log-transformed BPA concentration at 16 weeks gestation only. C1 [Spanier, Adam J.] Penn State Univ, Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Spanier, Adam J.; Kunselman, Allen R.] Penn State Univ, Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. [Kahn, Robert S.; Hornung, Richard; Xu, Yingying; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Spanier, AJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Mail Code HS83,500 Univ Dr,POB 850, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM aspanier@hmc.psu.edu FU Flight Attendant Medical Research Foundation [062435_YCSA_Faculty]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1K23ES016304, P01ES11261] FX This work was funded by a Flight Attendant Medical Research Foundation Young Clinical Scientist Award (062435_YCSA_Faculty) to A.J.S., R. S. K., A. R. K., R. H., Y.X., and B. P. L. and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grants 1K23ES016304 and P01ES11261. NR 35 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 26 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 916 EP 920 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104175 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700035 PM 22334053 ER PT J AU Nichols, EK Khatib, IMD Aburto, NJ Sullivan, KM Scanlon, KS Wirth, JP Serdula, MK AF Nichols, E. K. Khatib, I. M. D. Aburto, N. J. Sullivan, K. M. Scanlon, K. S. Wirth, J. P. Serdula, M. K. TI Vitamin D status and determinants of deficiency among non-pregnant Jordanian women of reproductive age SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE vitamin D; deficiency; women; Jordan ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; HYPOVITAMINOSIS-D; CHILDBEARING AGE; HIGH PREVALENCE; SUNNY COUNTRY; LIFE-STYLE; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; HEALTH; POPULATION; AMERICAN AB BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency, a risk factor for osteomalacia and osteoporosis, is a re-emerging health problem globally. While sunlight is an important vitamin D source, previous investigations among women whose culture encourages skin covering have been small, not nationally representative, or both. We investigated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D-3) status and factors associated with deficiency in a nationally representative survey of 2013 Jordanian women of reproductive age in Spring 2010. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We measured 25(OH)D-3 concentrations by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and calculated prevalence ratios for deficiency associated with skin covering and other factors. RESULTS: Results showed 60.3% (95% CI: 57.1-63.4%) deficiency (<12 ng/ml) and 95.7% (95% CI: 94.4-96.8%) insufficiency (<20 ng/ml) among women. Prevalence of deficiency was 1.60 times higher for women who covered with a scarf/hijab (95% CI: 1.06-2.40, P = 0.024) and 1.87 times higher for women who wore full cover, or a niqab (95% CI: 1.20-2.93, P = 0.006), compared with the women who did not wear a scarf/hijab or niqab. Compared with rural women completing at least secondary education, prevalence of deficiency was 1.30 times higher for urban women of the same education level (95% CI: 1.08-1.57, P = 0.006), 1.18 times higher for urban women completing less than secondary education (95% CI: 0.98-1.43, P = 0.09), and 0.66 times lower for rural women completing less than secondary education (95% CI: 0.52-0.84, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency pose significant public health problems in Jordanian women. Prevalence of deficiency is significantly higher among urban women and among women who cover with a scarf/hijab or niqab. C1 [Nichols, E. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khatib, I. M. D.] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Irbid, Jordan. [Sullivan, K. M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wirth, J. P.] Global Alliance Improved Nutr, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Nichols, EK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 2423,MS P08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM igd1@cdc.gov FU Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN); Government of Jordan Ministry of Health FX The current survey was funded through a grant agreement between the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) and the Government of Jordan Ministry of Health and through a Memorandum of Understanding between GAIN and CDC. We especially acknowledge Usha Manadava and Rosemary Schleicher for their laboratory support, and Faruq Zghol, Iyad Hamzeh and Ashraf Mettlaq for helping in the vitamin D laboratory analyses. We would also like to thank Hanan Masa'd, Rawhieh Barham, Aktham Haddadin, Tarek Al-Sanouri, Mohammed Tarawaneh, Bassam Hijawi, and the many individuals who assisted in the completion of the micronutrient survey. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 66 IS 6 BP 751 EP 756 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2012.25 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 956KF UT WOS:000305087800016 PM 22415337 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, M Zhao, SH Luo, Y Li, C Folster, JP Whichard, J Allard, MW Brown, EW McDermott, PF AF Hoffmann, Maria Zhao, Shaohua Luo, Yan Li, Cong Folster, Jason P. Whichard, Jean Allard, Marc W. Brown, Eric W. McDermott, Patrick F. TI Genome Sequences of Five Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg Isolates Associated with a 2011 Multistate Outbreak in the United States SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg has caused numerous outbreaks in humans. Here, we report draft genomes of five isolates of serovar Heidelberg associated with the recent (2011) multistate outbreak linked to ground turkey in the United States. Isolates 2011K-1110 and 2011K-1132 were recovered from humans, while isolates 2011K-1138, 2011K-1224, and 2011K-1225 were recovered from ground turkey. Whole-genome sequence analysis of these isolates provides a tool for studying the short-term evolution of these epidemic clones. C1 [Hoffmann, Maria; Zhao, Shaohua; McDermott, Patrick F.] US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. [Luo, Yan] US FDA, Div Publ Hlth & Biostat, Off Food Def Commun & Emergency Response, Ctr Food Safety & Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Folster, Jason P.; Whichard, Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Cong; Allard, Marc W.; Brown, Eric W.] US FDA, Div Microbiol, Off Regulatory Sci, Ctr Food Safety & Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Hoffmann, M (reprint author), US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. EM maria.hoffman@fda.hhs.gov FU Center for Veterinary Medicine FX This project was supported by an appointment of M.H. to the Research Fellowship Program for the Center for Veterinary Medicine administered by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 12 BP 3274 EP 3275 DI 10.1128/JB.00419-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 954WJ UT WOS:000304978400034 PM 22628505 ER PT J AU Massire, C Gertz, RE Svoboda, P Levert, K Reed, MS Pohl, J Kreft, R Li, F White, N Ranken, R Blyn, LB Ecker, DJ Sampath, R Beall, B AF Massire, Christian Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Svoboda, Pavel Levert, Keith Reed, Matthew S. Pohl, Jan Kreft, Rachel Li, Feng White, Neill Ranken, Ray Blyn, Larry B. Ecker, David J. Sampath, Rangarajan Beall, Bernard TI Concurrent Serotyping and Genotyping of Pneumococci by Use of PCR and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; INVASIVE DISEASE; MULTIPLEX PCR; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; VACCINE; 19A; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN; 6D AB A pneumococcal serotyping/genotyping system (PSGS) was developed based upon targeted PCR, followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and amplicon base composition analysis. Eight multiplex PCRs, 32 targeting serotype-determining capsular biosynthetic loci, and 8 targeting multilocus sequence typing (MLST) loci were employed for each of 229 highly diverse Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. The most powerful aspect of the PSGS system was the identification of capsular serotypes accounting for the majority of invasive and carried pneumococcal strains. Altogether, 45 different serotypes or serogroups were correctly predicted among the 196 resolvable isolates, with only 2 unexpected negative results. All 33 isolates that represented 23 serotypes not included in the PSGS yielded negative serotyping results. A genotyping database was constructed using the base compositions of 65- to 100-bp sections of MLST alleles compiled within http://www.mlst.net. From this database, one or more MLST sequence types (STs) that comprised a PSGS genotype were identified. The end result of more PSGS genotypes (163) than conventional STs actually tested (155) was primarily due to amplification failures of 1 to 3 targets. In many instances, the PSGS genotype could provide resolution of single-and double-locus variants. This molecular serotyping/genotyping scheme is well suited to rapid characterization of large sets of pneumococcal isolates. C1 [Massire, Christian; Kreft, Rachel; Li, Feng; White, Neill; Ranken, Ray; Blyn, Larry B.; Ecker, David J.; Sampath, Rangarajan] Ibis Biosci, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Svoboda, Pavel; Levert, Keith; Reed, Matthew S.; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Massire, C (reprint author), Ibis Biosci, Carlsbad, CA USA. EM cmassire@ibisbio.com; bbeall@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 2018 EP 2025 DI 10.1128/JCM.06735-11 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 956VZ UT WOS:000305119000031 PM 22442313 ER PT J AU Pfaller, MA Espinel-Ingroff, A Canton, E Castanheira, M Cuenca-Estrella, M Diekema, DJ Fothergill, A Fuller, J Ghannoum, M Jones, RN Lockhart, SR Martin-Mazuelos, E Melhem, MSC Ostrosky-Zeichner, L Pappas, P Pelaez, T Peman, J Rex, J Szeszs, MW AF Pfaller, M. A. Espinel-Ingroff, A. Canton, E. Castanheira, M. Cuenca-Estrella, M. Diekema, D. J. Fothergill, A. Fuller, J. Ghannoum, M. Jones, R. N. Lockhart, S. R. Martin-Mazuelos, E. Melhem, M. S. C. Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. Pappas, P. Pelaez, T. Peman, J. Rex, J. Szeszs, M. W. TI Wild-Type MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, and Itraconazole and Candida spp. as Determined by CLSI Broth Microdilution SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITIES; PRIMARY RESISTANCE; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; INTERPRETIVE BREAKPOINTS; UNITED-STATES; FLUCONAZOLE; ALBICANS; 5-FLUOROCYTOSINE AB Clinical breakpoints (CBPs) and epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) have been established for several Candida spp. and the newer triazoles and echinocandins but are not yet available for older antifungal agents, such as amphotericin B, flucytosine, or itraconazole. We determined species-specific ECVs for amphotericin B (AMB), flucytosine (FC) and itraconazole (ITR) for eight Candida spp. (30,221 strains) using isolates from 16 different laboratories in Brazil, Canada, Europe, and the United States, all tested by the CLSI reference microdilution method. The calculated 24- and 48-h ECVs expressed in mu g/ml (and the percentages of isolates that had MICs less than or equal to the ECV) for AMB, FC, and ITR, respectively, were 2 (99.8)/2 (99.2), 0.5 (94.2)/1 (91.4), and 0.12 (95.0)/0.12 (92.9) for C. albicans; 2 (99.6)/2 (98.7), 0.5 (98.0)/0.5 (97.5), and 2 (95.2)/4 (93.5) for C. glabrata; 2 (99.7)/2 (97.3), 0.5 (98.7)/0.5 (97.8), and 05. (99.7)/0.5 (98.5) for C. parapsilosis; 2 (99.8)/2 (99.2), 0.5 (93.0)/1 (90.5), and 0.5 (97.8)/0.5 (93.9) for C. tropicalis; 2 (99.3)/4 (100.0), 32 (99.4)/32 (99.3), and 1 (99.0)/2 (100.0) for C. krusei; 2 (100.0)/4 (100.0), 0.5 (95.3)/1 (92.9), and 0.5 (95.8)/0.5 (98.1) for C. lusitaniae; -/2 (100.0), 0.5 (98.8)/0.5 (97.7), and 0.25 (97.6)/0.25 (96.9) for C. dubliniensis; and 2 (100.0)/2 (100.0), 1 (92.7)/-, and 1 (100.0)/2 (100.0) for C. guilliermondii. In the absence of species-specific CBP values, these wild-type (WT) MIC distributions and ECVs will be useful for monitoring the emergence of reduced susceptibility to these well-established antifungal agents. C1 [Pfaller, M. A.; Castanheira, M.; Jones, R. N.] JMI Labs, N Liberty, IA USA. [Espinel-Ingroff, A.] VCU Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. [Canton, E.] Hosp Univ La Fe, Unidad Microbiol Expt, Valencia, Spain. [Diekema, D. J.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Fothergill, A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Fuller, J.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Ghannoum, M.] Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Lockhart, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin-Mazuelos, E.] Hosp Univ Valme, Seville, Spain. [Melhem, M. S. C.] Reference Ctr, Adolfo Lutz Inst Publ Hlth, Rio Claro, Brazil. [Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Pappas, P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Pelaez, T.] Univ Complutense, Fac Med, Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Peman, J.] Hosp Univ La Fe, Microbiol Serv, Valencia, Spain. [Szeszs, M. W.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Dept Mycol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Pfaller, MA (reprint author), JMI Labs, N Liberty, IA USA. EM michael-pfaller@jmilabs.com RI MELHEM, MARCIA/D-4477-2012; OI MELHEM, MARCIA/0000-0002-1335-8808; Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724; Martin Mazuelos, Estrella/0000-0003-2632-2246; Peman, Javier/0000-0003-3222-5653 FU Achaogen; Aires; American Proficiency Institute (API); Anacor; Astellas; AstraZeneca; Bayer; bioMerieux; Cempra; Cerexa; Cosmo Technologies; Contrafect; Cubist; Daiichi; Dipexium; Enanta; Furiex; GlaxoSmithKline; Johnson Johnson (JJ); LegoChem Biosciences Inc.; Meiji Seika Kaisha; Merck; Nabriva; Novartis; Paratek; Pfizer (Wyeth); PPD Therapeutics; Premier Research Group; Rempex; Rib-X Pharmaceuticals; Seachaid; Shionogi; Shionogi USA; Medicines Co.; Theravance; ThermoFisher; TREK Diagnostics; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Astellas Pharma; Gilead Sciences; Merck Sharp and Dohme; Pfizer; Schering Plough; Soria Melguizo SA; Ferrer International; European Union; ALBAN; Spanish Agency for International Cooperation; Spanish Ministry of Culture and Education; Spanish Health Research Fund; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Ramon Areces Foundation; Mutua Madrile a Foundation; Merck, Astellas; Innovative Biosensors; PurThread Technologies FX M. A. Pfaller, M. Castanheira, and R. N. Jones: JMI Laboratories, Inc., received research and educational grants in 2009 to 2011 from Achaogen, Aires, American Proficiency Institute (API), Anacor, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, bioMerieux, Cempra, Cerexa, Cosmo Technologies, Contrafect, Cubist, Daiichi, Dipexium, Enanta, Furiex, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson (J&J) (Ortho McNeil), LegoChem Biosciences Inc., Meiji Seika Kaisha, Merck, Nabriva, Novartis, Paratek, Pfizer (Wyeth), PPD Therapeutics, Premier Research Group, Rempex, Rib-X Pharmaceuticals, Seachaid, Shionogi, Shionogi USA, the Medicines Co., Theravance, ThermoFisher, TREK Diagnostics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, and other corporations; they are advisors/consultants for Astellas, Cubist, Pfizer, Cempra, Cerexa-Forest, J&J, and Theravance. A. Espinel-Ingroff, A. Fothergill, S. R. Lockhart, E. Martin-Mazuelos, M. S. C. Melhem, M. W. Szeszs, and E. Canton have no conflicts of interest to declare. M. Cuenca-Estrella, in the past 5 years, has received grant support from Astellas Pharma, bioMerieux, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Pfizer, Schering Plough, Soria Melguizo SA, Ferrer International, the European Union, the ALBAN program, the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation, the Spanish Ministry of Culture and Education, the Spanish Health Research Fund, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Ramon Areces Foundation, and the Mutua Madrile a Foundation; he has been an advisor/consultant to the Panamerican Health Organization, Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Pfizer, and Schering Plough; and he has been paid for talks on behalf of Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma and Schering Plough. D. J. Diekema has received research funding from Merck, Astellas, Pfizer, Cerexa, Innovative Biosensors, PurThread Technologies, and bioMerieux. J. Fuller has received educational and research grant support from Astellas, Merck, and Pfizer and has been a consultant and speaker for Pfizer. M. Ghannoum has received grants/contracts, acted as an advisor/consultant, and is on the speakers' bureaus for the following companies: Merck, Pfizer, Novartis, Nova Bay, Astellas, Medicis, and Great Lakes Pharma. L. Ostrosky-Zeichner has recieved grant support from Merck, Pfizer, Astellas, and Associates of Cape Cod; he is also a consultant/speaker for Merck, Pfizer, Astellas, and Viracor. P. Pappas has received research support and is on the advisory boards for Astellas, Merck, and Pfizer. T. Pelaez has received grant support from Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, the Spanish Health Research Fund, and the Mutua Madrile a Foundation. J. Peman, in the past 5 years, has received grant support from Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, and Pfizer; he is also a consultant/speaker for Merck Sharp and Dohme, Pfizer, Astellas, and Gilead Sciences. J. Rex is employed by AstraZeneca. NR 41 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 2040 EP 2046 DI 10.1128/JCM.00248-12 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 956VZ UT WOS:000305119000034 PM 22461672 ER PT J AU Carrington, M Choe, U Ubillos, S Stanek, D Campbell, M Wansbrough, L Lee, P Churchwell, G Rosas, K Zaki, SR Drew, C Paddock, CD DeLeon-Carnes, M Guerra, M Hoffmaster, AR Tiller, RV De, BK AF Carrington, M. Choe, U. Ubillos, S. Stanek, D. Campbell, M. Wansbrough, L. Lee, P. Churchwell, G. Rosas, K. Zaki, S. R. Drew, C. Paddock, C. D. DeLeon-Carnes, M. Guerra, M. Hoffmaster, A. R. Tiller, R. V. De, B. K. TI Fatal Case of Brucellosis Misdiagnosed in Early Stages of Brucella suis Infection in a 46-Year-Old Patient with Marfan Syndrome SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WILD BOARS; OCHROBACTRUM; PATHOGENS; AUSTRALIA; EVOLUTION AB We report a fatal case of Brucella suis endocarditis initially misdiagnosed by automated identification systems as Ochrobactrum anthropi infection in a patient with a history of Marfan syndrome and recreational feral swine hunting. This report emphasizes the need to consider brucellosis as a part of the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness, particularly in patients with known risk of exposure. C1 [Zaki, S. R.; Drew, C.; Paddock, C. D.; DeLeon-Carnes, M.; Guerra, M.; Hoffmaster, A. R.; Tiller, R. V.; De, B. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Carrington, M.; Choe, U.; Ubillos, S.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Stanek, D.; Campbell, M.; Wansbrough, L.] Dept Hlth, Hillsborough Cty, FL USA. [Lee, P.; Churchwell, G.; Rosas, K.] Bur Labs, Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP De, BK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bkd1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 2173 EP 2175 DI 10.1128/JCM.00573-12 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 956VZ UT WOS:000305119000072 PM 22495564 ER PT J AU Wiggins, LD Baio, J Schieve, L Lee, LC Nicholas, J Rice, CE AF Wiggins, Lisa D. Baio, Jon Schieve, Laura Lee, Li-Ching Nicholas, Joyce Rice, Catherine E. TI Retention of Autism Spectrum Diagnoses by Community Professionals: Findings From the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 2000 and 2006 SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE autism; diagnostic stability; screening ID SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; AGE 2; CHILDREN; DISORDERS; INTERVENTION; PREVALENCE; REGRESSION; STABILITY AB Objective: Past research is inconsistent in the stability of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses. The authors therefore sought to examine the proportion of children identified from a population-based surveillance system that had a change in classification from ASD to non-ASD and factors associated with such changes. Methods: Children with a documented age of first ASD diagnosis noted in surveillance records by a community professional (n = 1392) were identified from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. Children were considered to have a change in classification if an ASD was excluded after the age of first recorded ASD diagnosis. Child and surveillance factors were entered into a multivariable regression model to determine factors associated with diagnostic change. Results: Only 4% of our sample had a change in classification from ASD to non-ASD noted in evaluation records. Factors associated with change in classification from ASD to non-ASD were timing of first ASD diagnosis at 30 months or younger, onset other than developmental regression, presence of specific developmental delays, and participation in a special needs classroom other than autism at 8 years of age. Conclusions: Our results found that children with ASDs are likely to retain an ASD diagnosis, which underscores the need for continued services. Children diagnosed at 30 months or younger are more likely to experience a change in classification from ASD to non-ASD than children diagnosed at 31 months or older, suggesting earlier identification of ASD symptoms may be associated with response to intervention efforts or increased likelihood for overdiagnosis. C1 [Wiggins, Lisa D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, NCB DDD CDC, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Lee, Li-Ching] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Nicholas, Joyce] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Wiggins, LD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, NCB DDD CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM lwiggins@cdc.gov RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 FU Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network FX This work was supported by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-206X J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 387 EP 395 DI 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3182560b2f PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics GA 955KV UT WOS:000305018800003 PM 22580734 ER PT J AU Chiou, SS Fan, YC Crill, WD Chang, RY Chang, GJJ AF Chiou, Shyan-Song Fan, Yi-Chin Crill, Wayne D. Chang, Ruey-Yi Chang, Gwong-Jen J. TI Mutation analysis of the cross-reactive epitopes of Japanese encephalitis virus envelope glycoprotein SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; PROTEIN DOMAIN-III; DENGUE 2 VIRUS; WEST-NILE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS; NEUTRALIZING EPITOPES; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB Group and serocomplex cross-reactive epitopes have been identified in the envelope (E) protein of several flaviviruses and have proven critical in vaccine and diagnostic antigen development. Here, we performed site-directed mutagenesis across the E gene of a recombinant expression plasmid that encodes the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) premembrane (prM) and E proteins and produces JEV virus-like particles (VLPs). Mutations were introduced at 1135 and E138 in domain I; W101, G104, G106 and L107 in domain II; and T305, E306, K312, A315, S329, S331, G332 and D389 in domain III. None of the mutant JEV VLPs demonstrated reduced activity to the five JEV type-specific mAbs tested. Substitutions at W101, especially W101G, reduced reactivity dramatically with all of the flavivirus group cross-reactive mAbs. The group and JEV serocomplex cross-reactive mAbs examined recognized five and six different overlapping epitopes, respectively. Among five group cross-reactive epitopes, amino acids located in domains 1, II and III were involved in one, five and three epitopes, respectively. Recognition by six JEV serocomplex cross-reactive mAbs was reduced by amino acid substitutions in domains II and III. These results suggest that amino acid residues located in the fusion loop of E domain II are the most critical for recognition by group cross-reactive mAbs, followed by residues of domains III and I. The amino acid residues of both domains II and III of the E protein were shown to be important in the binding of JEV serocomplex cross-reactive mAbs. C1 [Crill, Wayne D.; Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Chang, Ruey-Yi] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Life Sci, Hualien, Taiwan. [Chang, Ruey-Yi] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Hualien, Taiwan. [Chiou, Shyan-Song; Fan, Yi-Chin] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. RP Chang, GJJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM gxc7@cdc.gov FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 96-2313-B-005-023-MY3] FX This work was partially supported by grants from the National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC 96-2313-B-005-023-MY3). NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 93 BP 1185 EP 1192 DI 10.1099/vir.0.040238-0 PN 6 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 960AR UT WOS:000305360900003 PM 22337639 ER PT J AU Stanev, S Bailer, AJ Straker, JK Mehdizadeh, S Park, RM Li, HJ AF Stanev, Stefan Bailer, A. John Straker, Jane K. Mehdizadeh, Shahla Park, Robert M. Li, Hanjin TI Worker Injuries and Safety Equipment in Ohio Nursing Homes SO JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL NURSING LA English DT Article ID MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; POISSON REGRESSION; INTERVENTIONS AB A survey of Ohio nursing homes was conducted in 2007 to examine whether injury rates were related to facility characteristics and availability of safety equipment. The median rate of injury in the 898 facilities was 5.7 injuries per 100 workers per year. Although 95% of the facilities had written resident lifting policies, only 22% of these were zero-lift policies. Gait transfer belts (99%) and portable total-lift hoists (96%) were common, whereas ceiling-mounted total-lift hoists were rarely reported (7%). In a multivariable analysis, injury rate ratios increased with the proportion of residents using wheelchairs and were lower in smaller facilities. Facilities without a lifting policy had a higher estimated injury rate than facilities without such a policy; however, none of the safety equipment was associated with significant changes in injury rates. More information, such as frequency of use and access to versus availability of equipment, may be needed to better understand the impact of safety equipment on nursing home worker injury rates. C1 [Bailer, A. John] Miami Univ, Dept Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Stanev, Stefan] Nielsen Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Straker, Jane K.; Mehdizadeh, Shahla] Miami Univ, Scripps Gerontol Ctr, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Park, Robert M.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Bailer, AJ (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM baileraj@muohio.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0098-9134 J9 J GERONTOL NURS JI J. Gerontol. Nurs. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 6 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.3928/00989134-20120508-01 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Nursing SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nursing GA 959QM UT WOS:000305327900008 PM 22774234 ER PT J AU Hudson, DL Bullard, KM Neighbors, HW Geronimus, AT Yang, J Jackson, JS AF Hudson, Darrell L. Bullard, Kai M. Neighbors, Harold W. Geronimus, Arline T. Yang, Juan Jackson, James S. TI Are benefits conferred with greater socioeconomic position undermined by racial discrimination among African American men? SO JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH LA English DT Article DE African Americans; Racial discrimination; Socioeconomic position; Depression ID NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; COLLABORATIVE PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY; MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; NON-HISPANIC WHITES; HEALTH DISPARITIES; CHRONIC STRESS; PREVALENCE; BLACKS; RACE; LIFE AB Background: conventional wisdom suggests that increased socioeconomic resources should be related to better health. Considering the body of evidence demonstrating the significant association between racial discrimination and depression, we examined whether exposure to racial discrimination could attenuate the positive effects of increased levels of socioeconomic position (SEP) among African Americans. Specifically, this paper investigated the joint interactive effects of SEP and racial discrimination on the odds of depression among African Americans. Methods: racial discrimination was measured using two measures, major and everyday discrimination. Study objectives were achieved using data from the National Survey of American Life, which included a nationally representative sample of African Americans (n = 3570). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effects of SEP and racial discrimination on the odds of depression. Results: reports of racial discrimination were associated with increased risk of depression among African American men who possessed greater levels of education and income. Among African American men, significant, positive interactions were observed between education and experiences of major discrimination, which were associated with greater odds of depression (P = 0.02). Additionally, there were positive interactions between income and both measures of racial discrimination (income x everyday discrimination, P = 0.013; income x major discrimination, P = 0.02), which were associated with increased odds of depression (P = 0.02). Conclusions: it is possible that experiences of racial discrimination could, in part, diminish the effects of increased SEP among African American men. (C) 2012 WPMH GmbH. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Hudson, Darrell L.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bullard, Kai M.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neighbors, Harold W.; Geronimus, Arline T.; Jackson, James S.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yang, Juan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hudson, DL (reprint author), Washington Univ, Brown Sch, 1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1196, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM dhudson@wustl.edu FU National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [U01-MH577165, R01MH068804-04]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [5R25GM058641-10]; Kellogg Health Scholars Program; University of California, San Francisco, Center on Social Disparities in Health; University of California, San Francisco Health Disparities Working Group FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; grants U01-MH577165; R01MH068804-04), with supplemental support from the Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research at the National Institutes of Health, the University of Michigan, and the Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health funded through the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (5R25GM058641-10). Additional support was provided by the Kellogg Health Scholars Program, the University of California, San Francisco, Center on Social Disparities in Health, and the University of California, San Francisco Health Disparities Working Group. We are also thankful to Dr Nancy Adler and Ms Karen Simpkins for their helpful editorial feedback as well as the anonymous reviewers. NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1875-6867 J9 J MENS HEALTH JI J. Mens Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 2 BP 127 EP 136 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 957LG UT WOS:000305163900012 PM 22707995 ER PT J AU Kitikoon, P Vincent, AL Gauger, PC Schlink, SN Bayles, DO Gramer, MR Darnell, D Webby, RJ Lager, KM Swenson, SL Klimov, A AF Kitikoon, Pravina Vincent, Amy L. Gauger, Phillip C. Schlink, Sarah N. Bayles, Darrell O. Gramer, Marie R. Darnell, Daniel Webby, Richard J. Lager, Kelly M. Swenson, Sabrina L. Klimov, Alexander TI Pathogenicity and Transmission in Pigs of the Novel A(H3N2)v Influenza Virus Isolated from Humans and Characterization of Swine H3N2 Viruses Isolated in 2010-2011 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANDEMIC H1N1 2009; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; REASSORTMENT; ANTIBODY; IDENTIFICATION; HEMAGGLUTININ; ARGENTINA; EMERGENCE AB Swine influenza virus (SIV) H3N2 with triple reassorted internal genes (TRIG) has been enzootic in Unites States since 1998. Transmission of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) virus to pigs in the United States was followed by reassortment with endemic Sly, resulting in reassorted viruses that include novel H3N2 genotypes (rH3N2p). Between July and December 2011, 12 cases of human infections with swine-lineage H3N2 viruses containing the pandemic matrix (pM) gene [A(H3N2)v] were detected. Whole-genome analysis of H3N2 viruses isolated from pigs from 2009 to 2011 sequenced in this study and other available H3N2 sequences showed six different rH3N2p genotypes present in the U.S. swine population since 2009. The presence of the pM gene was a common feature among all rH3N2p genotypes, but no specific genotype appeared to predominate in the swine population. We compared the pathogenic, transmission, genetic, and antigenic properties of a human A(H3N2)v isolate and two swine H3N2 isolates, H3N2-TRIG and rH3N2p. Our in vivo study detected no increased virulence in A(H3N2)v or rH3N2p viruses compared to endemic H3N2-TRIG virus. Antibodies to cluster IV H3N2-TRIG and rH3N2p viruses had reduced cross-reactivity to A(H3N2)v compared to other cluster IV H3N2-TRIG and rH3N2p viruses. Genetic analysis of the hemagglutinin gene indicated that although rH3N2p and A(H3N2)v are related to cluster IV of H3N2-TRIG, some recent rH3N2p isolates appeared to be forming a separate cluster along with the human isolates of A(H3N2)v. Continued monitoring of these H3N2 viruses is necessary to evaluate the evolution and potential loss of population immunity in swine and humans. C1 [Kitikoon, Pravina; Vincent, Amy L.; Gauger, Phillip C.; Schlink, Sarah N.; Lager, Kelly M.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Bayles, Darrell O.] ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Gramer, Marie R.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Darnell, Daniel; Webby, Richard J.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Swenson, Sabrina L.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, APHIS, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Klimov, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-APHIS-VS; DHHS-CDC FX Funding was provided from USDA-ARS, USDA-APHIS-VS, and an interagency agreement with DHHS-CDC. NR 49 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 12 BP 6804 EP 6814 DI 10.1128/JVI.00197-12 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 953SS UT WOS:000304894100039 PM 22491461 ER PT J AU Warnock, DW Park, BJ AF Warnock, D. W. Park, B. J. TI Investigating outbreaks of fungal diseases: Principles and practices SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Warnock, D. W.; Park, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 33 EP 34 PG 2 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800110 ER PT J AU Meyer, W Trilles, L Firacative, C Carriconde, F Aminnejad, M Gilgado, F Ngamskulrungroj, P Escandon, P Lockhart, S Litvintseva, A Cogliati, M Nielsen, K Dromer, F Desnos-Ollivier, M Kwon-Chung, J AF Meyer, W. Trilles, L. Firacative, C. Carriconde, F. Aminnejad, M. Gilgado, F. Ngamskulrungroj, P. Escandon, P. Lockhart, S. Litvintseva, A. Cogliati, M. Nielsen, K. Dromer, F. Desnos-Ollivier, M. Kwon-Chung, J. TI Global molecular population genetic analysis of the Cryptococcus neoformans / C. gattii species complex - steps towards a global MLST database SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Meyer, W.; Trilles, L.; Firacative, C.; Carriconde, F.; Aminnejad, M.; Gilgado, F.; Ngamskulrungroj, P.] Univ Sydney, Westmead Hosp, Mol Mycol Res Lab, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. [Trilles, L.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz FIOCRUZ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Firacative, C.; Escandon, P.] Inst Nacl Salud, Microbiol Grp, Bogota, Colombia. [Ngamskulrungroj, P.; Kwon-Chung, J.] NIAID, NIH, Mol Microbiol Sect, Lab Clin Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lockhart, S.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Litvintseva, A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Cogliati, M.] Univ Milan, Med Mycol Lab, Dip Sanita Pubbl Microbiol Virol, Milan, Italy. [Nielsen, K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Microbiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Dromer, F.; Desnos-Ollivier, M.] Inst Pasteur, French Natl Reference Ctr Mycoses & Antifungals, Mol Mycol Unit, Paris, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 48 EP 48 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800155 ER PT J AU van Diepeningen, AD Geiser, DM Guarro, J Sutton, DA Pearlman, E O'Donnell, K Harak, H Summerell, BA Najafzadeh, MJ Brandt, ME Hennequin, C Tortorano, AM Schroers, HJ Buot, G de Hoog, GS AF van Diepeningen, A. D. Geiser, D. M. Guarro, J. Sutton, D. A. Pearlman, E. O'Donnell, K. Harak, H. Summerell, B. A. Najafzadeh, M. J. Brandt, M. E. Hennequin, C. Tortorano, A. M. Schroers, H. J. Buot, G. de Hoog, G. S. TI Proposal for a new ISHAM working group on clinical Fusarium SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [van Diepeningen, A. D.; de Hoog, G. S.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Geiser, D. M.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Guarro, J.] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Unitat Microbiol, Fac Med, E-43201 Reus, Spain. [Sutton, D. A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Fungus Testing Lab, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Pearlman, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pearlman, E.] Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Cleveland, OH USA. [O'Donnell, K.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. [Harak, H.] Sesto San Giovanni Hosp, Milan, Italy. [Summerell, B. A.] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Najafzadeh, M. J.] Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Ghaem Hosp, Mashhad, Iran. [Brandt, M. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hennequin, C.; Buot, G.] Hop St Antoine, Serv Parasitol Mycol, F-75571 Paris, France. [Tortorano, A. M.] Dipartimento Sanita Pubbl Microbiol Virolo, Milan, Italy. [Schroers, H. J.] Agr Inst Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [de Hoog, G. S.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [de Hoog, G. S.] Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Res Ctr Med Mycol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RI Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800234 ER PT J AU Fanfair, R Benedict, K Etienne, K Bennett, S Bos, J Lo, YC Adebanjo, T Englethaler, D Lockhart, SR Brandt, M Harris, JR Deak, E Turabelidze, G Park, BJ AF Fanfair, R. Benedict, K. Etienne, K. Bennett, S. Bos, J. Lo, Y. C. Adebanjo, T. Englethaler, D. Lockhart, S. R. Brandt, M. Harris, J. R. Deak, E. Turabelidze, G. Park, B. J. TI A large outbreak of necrotizing cutaneous mucormycosis following a tornado, Joplin Missouri, 2011 SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fanfair, R.; Benedict, K.; Etienne, K.; Bennett, S.; Lo, Y. C.; Adebanjo, T.; Lockhart, S. R.; Brandt, M.; Harris, J. R.; Deak, E.; Park, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bos, J.; Lo, Y. C.; Turabelidze, G.] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson, AR USA. [Englethaler, D.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800248 ER PT J AU Patino, AM Roy, M Farley, MM Harrison, LH Stein, B Hollick, R Derado, G Chiller, T Ahlquist, AM Park, BJ AF Patino, A. M. Roy, M. Farley, M. M. Harrison, L. H. Stein, B. Hollick, R. Derado, G. Chiller, T. Ahlquist, A. M. Park, B. J. TI Adding fuel to the fire: Central venous catheter removal and survival among patients with Candidemia - a propensity score analysis using results from population-based surveillance, 2008-2010 SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Patino, A. M.; Roy, M.; Derado, G.; Chiller, T.; Ahlquist, A. M.; Park, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Farley, M. M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, M. M.; Stein, B.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Harrison, L. H.; Hollick, R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800643 ER PT J AU Caceres, DH Tobon, AM Scheel, CM Ahlquist, AM Berbesi, DY Restrepo, A Brandt, ME Chiller, T Gomez, BL AF Caceres, D. H. Tobon, A. M. Scheel, C. M. Ahlquist, A. M. Berbesi, D. Y. Restrepo, A. Brandt, M. E. Chiller, T. Gomez, B. L. TI Clinical and laboratory risk factors associated with the diagnosis of Histoplasmosis: Results from a cohort of AIDS patients from Hospital La Maria in Medellin, Colombia SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caceres, D. H.; Tobon, A. M.; Restrepo, A.; Gomez, B. L.] CIB, Med & Expt Mycol Grp, Medellin, Colombia. [Caceres, D. H.; Berbesi, D. Y.] Univ CES, Sch Med, Medellin, Colombia. [Tobon, A. M.] ESE Hosp La Maria, Medellin, Colombia. [Scheel, C. M.; Ahlquist, A. M.; Brandt, M. E.; Chiller, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gomez, B. L.] Univ Rosario, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Bogota, Colombia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 206 EP 206 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069800647 ER PT J AU Roy, M Samayoa, B Rivera, BE Lima, S Hererra, A Ramirez, F Palacios, JF Scheel, C Ahlquist, A Gomez, BL Chiller, TM Arathoon, E AF Roy, M. Samayoa, B. Rivera, B. E. Lima, S. Hererra, A. Ramirez, F. Palacios, J. F. Scheel, C. Ahlquist, A. Gomez, B. L. Chiller, T. M. Arathoon, E. TI High mortality and co-infection in a prospective cohort of HIV/AIDS patients with histoplasmosis in Guatemala SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Roy, M.; Scheel, C.; Ahlquist, A.; Chiller, T. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samayoa, B.; Rivera, B. E.; Lima, S.; Hererra, A.; Ramirez, F.; Palacios, J. F.; Arathoon, E.] Clin Familiar Luis Angel Garcia Asociac Salud Int, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Gomez, B. L.] CIB, Medellin, Colombia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 234 EP 234 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801078 ER PT J AU Lindsley, MD Hurst, SF Miles, M Beeler, E Hale, C Powers, B Kasuga, T Chang, LS Benedict, K Chiller, T Balajee, SA AF Lindsley, M. D. Hurst, S. F. Miles, M. Beeler, E. Hale, C. Powers, B. Kasuga, T. Chang, L. S. Benedict, K. Chiller, T. Balajee, S. A. TI Histoplasmosis in cats from non-endemic areas: Multi-locus sequence typing from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues reveals a possible new phylogenetic clade SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lindsley, M. D.; Hurst, S. F.; Hale, C.; Chang, L. S.; Benedict, K.; Chiller, T.; Balajee, S. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miles, M.] Anim Emergency & Referral Ctr, Torrance, CA USA. [Beeler, E.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Powers, B.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kasuga, T.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 249 EP 249 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801126 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Smith, RM Mba-Jonas, A Tourdjman, M Schimek, T Fitzgibbons, L DeBess, EE Marsden-Haug, N AF Harris, J. R. Smith, R. M. Mba-Jonas, A. Tourdjman, M. Schimek, T. Fitzgibbons, L. DeBess, E. E. Marsden-Haug, N. TI Factors associated with sites of infections with Cryptococcus gattii in the Pacific Northwest United States SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harris, J. R.; Smith, R. M.; Mba-Jonas, A.; Tourdjman, M.; Schimek, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tourdjman, M.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fitzgibbons, L.; DeBess, E. E.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Marsden-Haug, N.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801128 ER PT J AU Smith, RM Mba-Jonas, A Tourdjman, M DeBess, E Marsden-Haug, N Fitzgibbons, L Schimek, T Harris, J AF Smith, R. M. Mba-Jonas, A. Tourdjman, M. DeBess, E. Marsden-Haug, N. Fitzgibbons, L. Schimek, T. Harris, J. TI Pulmonary cryptococcosis: A common manifestation of Cryptococcus gattii infections in the United States Pacific Northwest outbreak-2004-2011 SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, R. M.; Mba-Jonas, A.; Tourdjman, M.; Schimek, T.; Harris, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tourdjman, M.; DeBess, E.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Marsden-Haug, N.] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Fitzgibbons, L.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 250 EP 251 PG 2 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801129 ER PT J AU Ahlquist, AM Harrison, LH Farley, MM Schaffner, W Beldavs, Z Iqbal, N Bolden, C Hollick, R Stein, B Park, BJ Chiller, T Lockhar, SR AF Ahlquist, A. M. Harrison, L. H. Farley, M. M. Schaffner, W. Beldavs, Z. Iqbal, N. Bolden, C. Hollick, R. Stein, B. Park, B. J. Chiller, T. Lockhar, S. R. TI The emergence of multidrug resistant Candida species: Results from a population-based laboratory surveillance in the United States, 2008-2012 SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ahlquist, A. M.; Iqbal, N.; Bolden, C.; Park, B. J.; Chiller, T.; Lockhar, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harrison, L. H.; Hollick, R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Farley, M. M.; Stein, B.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Farley, M. M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffner, W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Beldavs, Z.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Emerging Infect Program, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 252 EP 252 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801133 ER PT J AU Caceres, DH Scheel, CM Tobon, AM Restrepo, A Brandt, ME Chiller, T Gomez, BL AF Caceres, D. H. Scheel, C. M. Tobon, A. M. Restrepo, A. Brandt, M. E. Chiller, T. Gomez, B. L. TI Technology transfer and evaluation of a novel antigen detection test for improving and expanding capacity to diagnose histoplasmosis in Colombia SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caceres, D. H.; Tobon, A. M.; Restrepo, A.; Gomez, B. L.] CIB, Med & Expt Mycol Grp, Medellin, Colombia. [Caceres, D. H.] Univ CES, Sch Med, Medellin, Colombia. [Scheel, C. M.; Brandt, M. E.; Chiller, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tobon, A. M.] ESE Hosp La Maria, Medellin, Colombia. [Gomez, B. L.] Univ Rosario, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Bogota, Colombia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 281 EP 281 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801224 ER PT J AU Munoz-Cadavid, CO Brandt, M Loparev, V Gonzalez, A Gomez, BL AF Munoz-Cadavid, C. O. Brandt, M. Loparev, V. Gonzalez, A. Gomez, B. L. TI Development of novel molecular assays for the identification of Histoplasma capsulatum: Targeting protein-coding genes and rRNA SO MYCOSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Munoz-Cadavid, C. O.; Gonzalez, A.; Gomez, B. L.] Corp Invest Biol, CIB, Med & Expt Mycol Grp, Medellin, Colombia. [Brandt, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Loparev, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gonzalez, A.] Univ Antioquia, Sch Microbiol, Medellin, Colombia. [Gomez, B. L.] Univ Rosario, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Bogota, Colombia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 SU 4 SI SI BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 956DK UT WOS:000305069801266 ER PT J AU Nett, RJ Kuehnert, MJ Ison, MG Orlowski, JP Fischer, M Staples, JE AF Nett, R. J. Kuehnert, M. J. Ison, M. G. Orlowski, J. P. Fischer, M. Staples, J. E. TI Current practices and evaluation of screening solid organ donors for West Nile virus SO TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE organ transplantation; West Nile virus; donor screening; nucleic acid amplification techniques; evaluation ID TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; NEUROINVASIVE DISEASE; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; WNV INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; RNA; TRANSMISSION; URINE; ENCEPHALITIS; EXPERIENCE AB The first cases of West Nile virus (WNV) transmitted through solid organ transplantation (SOT) were identified in 2002. Subsequently, 5 additional clusters have been reported to public health officials in the United States. Based upon a limited number of known cases, patients who acquire WNV from infected donor organs might be at higher risk for severe neurologic disease and death, compared with patients infected through mosquito bites. In response, some organ procurement organizations (OPOs) have instituted pre-transplant screening of organ donors for WNV infection. We evaluated the current practices, concerns, and challenges related to screening organ donors for WNV in the United States by reviewing the relevant medical literature and interviewing key stakeholders. Screening organ donors for WNV is not required by national policy. In 2008, 11 (19%) of 58 OPOs performed WNV screening using nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT). These OPOs differ in their screening strategies, NAT performed, and logistical challenges. Concerns of delays in receiving NAT results before transplant and potential false-positive results leading to organ wasting are limitations to more widespread screening. Furthermore, it is unknown if WNV screening practices decrease SOT-related morbidity and mortality, or if screening is cost-effective. Additional data are needed to assess and improve transplant outcomes related to WNV. C1 [Nett, R. J.; Fischer, M.; Staples, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Kuehnert, M. J.] CDC, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Div Infect Dis, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Div Organ Transplantat, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Orlowski, J. P.] Ctr Donat & Transplant, Albany, NY USA. RP Staples, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM estaples@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1398-2273 J9 TRANSPL INFECT DIS JI Transpl. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 3 BP 268 EP 277 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00743.x PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation GA 956FY UT WOS:000305076700007 PM 22606990 ER PT J AU Kesmodel, U Bertrand, J Stovring, H Skarpness, B Denny, C Mortensen, E Bakketeig, L Boyle, C Cogswell, M Eriksen, HL Grove, J Kilburn, T Landro, N Skogerbo, A Underbjerg, M Wimberley, T AF Kesmodel, Ulrik Bertrand, Jacquelyn Stovring, Henrik Skarpness, Bradley Denny, Clark Mortensen, Erik Bakketeig, Leiv Boyle, Coleen Cogswell, Mary Eriksen, Hanne-Lise Grove, Jakob Kilburn, Tina Landro, Nils Skogerbo, Ashild Underbjerg, Mette Wimberley, Theresa TI The effect of different alcohol drinking patterns in early to mid-pregnancy on child's intelligence, attention and executive function SO ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kesmodel, Ulrik; Eriksen, Hanne-Lise; Kilburn, Tina; Underbjerg, Mette] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Aarhus, Denmark. [Kesmodel, Ulrik] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Bertrand, Jacquelyn; Denny, Clark; Boyle, Coleen; Cogswell, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stovring, Henrik; Wimberley, Theresa] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Sect Biostat, Aarhus, Denmark. [Skarpness, Bradley] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Mortensen, Erik; Skogerbo, Ashild] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mortensen, Erik] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Healthy Aging, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bakketeig, Leiv] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Grove, Jakob] Aarhus Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Biomed, Aarhus, Denmark. [Grove, Jakob] Aarhus Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr BiRC, Aarhus, Denmark. [Landro, Nils] Univ Oslo, Dept Psychol, Ctr Study Human Cognit, Oslo, Norway. [Underbjerg, Mette] Vejlefjord Rehabil Ctr, Childrens Neuroctr, Vejle, Denmark. RI Stovring, Henrik/I-4683-2012 OI Stovring, Henrik/0000-0002-5821-2351 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-6349 J9 ACTA OBSTET GYN SCAN JI Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 91 SU 159 SI SI BP 26 EP 27 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 954ZT UT WOS:000304987600030 ER PT J AU Bay, B Stovring, H Wimberley, T Denny, C Mortensen, E Kesmodel, U AF Bay, Bjorn Stovring, Henrik Wimberley, Theresa Denny, Clark Mortensen, Erik Kesmodel, Ulrik TI Low to Moderate Alcohol Intake During Pregnancy and Risk of Psychomotor Deficits SO ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bay, Bjorn; Kesmodel, Ulrik] Aarhus Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aarhus, Denmark. [Stovring, Henrik; Wimberley, Theresa] Aarhus Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Aarhus, Denmark. [Denny, Clark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mortensen, Erik] Univ Copenhagen, Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. RI Stovring, Henrik/I-4683-2012 OI Stovring, Henrik/0000-0002-5821-2351 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-6349 J9 ACTA OBSTET GYN SCAN JI Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 91 SU 159 SI SI BP 66 EP 66 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 954ZT UT WOS:000304987600102 ER PT J AU Marchetta, CM Denny, CH Floyd, RL McKnight-Eily, LR Cheal, NE Sniezek, JE AF Marchetta, C. M. Denny, C. H. Floyd, R. L. McKnight-Eily, L. R. Cheal, N. E. Sniezek, J. E. TI ALCOHOL USE AMONG WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE - UNITED STATES, 2006-2010 SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 35th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism (RSA) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Francisco, CA SP Res Soc Alcoholism (RSA) C1 [Marchetta, C. M.; Denny, C. H.; Floyd, R. L.; McKnight-Eily, L. R.; Cheal, N. E.; Sniezek, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2012 VL 36 SU 1 SI SI BP 166A EP 166A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 952QA UT WOS:000304806001213 ER PT J AU Skarbinski, J Mwandama, D Wolkon, A Luka, M Jafali, J Smith, A Mzilahowa, T Gimnig, J Campbell, C Chiphwanya, J Ali, D Mathanga, DP AF Skarbinski, Jacek Mwandama, Dyson Wolkon, Adam Luka, Madalitso Jafali, James Smith, Alison Mzilahowa, Themba Gimnig, John Campbell, Carl Chiphwanya, John Ali, Doreen Mathanga, Don P. TI Impact of Indoor Residual Spraying with Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Malaria Parasitemia and Anemia Prevalence among Children Less than Five Years of Age in an Area of Intense, Year-Round Transmission in Malawi SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES-FUNESTUS DIPTERA; INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; TARGETED VECTOR CONTROL; SOUTH-AFRICA; CONTROL INTERVENTIONS; EQUATORIAL-GUINEA; BED NETS; BURUNDI; MOZAMBIQUE; RESISTANCE AB Little is known about the impact of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in areas with intense malaria transmission such as sub-Saharan Africa. In Malawi, IRS with lambda-cyhalothrin has been applied annually in an area of intense year-long transmission since 2007. We evaluated the impact of IRS on parasitemia and anemia prevalence in children less than five years of age by using a cross-sectional household survey conducted in 2009, six months after the second IRS spray round. We measured malaria parasitemia and anemia (hemoglobin level < 11 g/dL) in 899 children less than five years of age and used binomial regression to assess the impact of IRS by comparing children living in a household sprayed with IRS (direct IRS) with those in a household not sprayed with IRS, but in an IRS area (indirect IRS) and those living in a household not sprayed with IRS and not in an IRS area (no IRS). In the IRS area, 77% of households reported receiving IRS. Adjusting for bed net use, house construction, and socioeconomic status, we found that receiving direct IRS and indirect IRS were significantly associated with a 33% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1-54%) and 46% (95% Cl = 20-64%) reduction in parasitemia and a 21.% (95% Cl = 4-34%) and 30% (95% Cl = 12-45%) reduction in anemia prevalence, respectively. C1 [Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mwandama, Dyson; Luka, Madalitso; Jafali, James; Mzilahowa, Themba; Mathanga, Don P.] Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. Coll Med, Dept Community Hlth, Blantyre, Malawi. Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Global Emerging Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Chiphwanya, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. RP Skarbinski, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jskarbinski@cdc.gov; dmwandama@mac.medcol.mw; aow5@cdc.gov; mluka@mac.medcol.mw; jjafali@gmail.com; alison.smith01@gmail.com; tmzilahowa@mlw.medcol.mw; hzgl@cdc.gov; ccamp@uga.edu; johnchiphwanya@yahoo.co.uk; alidoreen@yahoo.com; dmathang@mac.medcol.mw FU United States President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development [5 U01 CI000189] FX This study was supported by the United States President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5 U01 CI000189) between the CDC and the Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine. The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all of the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 BP 997 EP 1004 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0621 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 952IH UT WOS:000304785700017 PM 22665608 ER PT J AU Troyo, A Alvarez, D Taylor, L Abdalla, G Calderon-Arguedas, O Zambrano, ML Dasch, GA Lindblade, K Hun, L Eremeeva, ME Estevez, A AF Troyo, Adriana Alvarez, Danilo Taylor, Lizeth Abdalla, Gabriela Calderon-Arguedas, Olger Zambrano, Maria L. Dasch, Gregory A. Lindblade, Kim Hun, Laya Eremeeva, Marina E. Estevez, Alejandra TI Short Report: Rickettsia felis in Ctenocephalides felis from Guatemala and Costa Rica SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SPOTTED-FEVER; SAO-PAULO; TYPHUS; INFECTION; BRAZIL; STATE; FLEAS AB Rickettsia felis is an emerging human pathogen associated primarily with the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis. In this study, we investigated the presence of Rickettsia felis in C. felis. from Guatemala and Costa Rica. Ctenocephalides fells were collected directly from dogs and cats, and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for Rickettsia-specific fragments of 17-kDa protein, OmpA, and citrate synthase genes. Rickettsia DNA was detected in 64% (55 of 86) and 58% (47 of 81) of flea pools in Guatemala and Costa Rica, respectively. Sequencing of gltA fragments identified R. felis genotype URRWXCal(2) in samples from both countries, and genotype Rf2125 in Costa Rica. This is the first report of R. felis in Guatemala and of genotype Rf2125 in Costa Rica. The extensive presence of this pathogen in countries of Central America stresses the need for increased awareness and diagnosis. C1 [Troyo, Adriana] Univ Costa Rica, Fac Microbiol, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Trop, Dept Parasitol, San Jose 11501, Costa Rica. Univ Valle Guatemala, Inst Invest, Ctr Estudios Salud, Ciudad De Guatemala, Guatemala. [Lindblade, Kim] Univ Valle Guatemala, CDC Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Ciudad De Guatemala, Guatemala. Univ Costa Rica, Fac Microbiol, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Trop, Dept Microbiol & Inmunol, San Jose 11501, Costa Rica. [Zambrano, Maria L.; Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eremeeva, Marina E.] Georgia So Univ, Jiann Ping Hsu Coll Publ Hlth, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Dis Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Troyo, A (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Fac Microbiol, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Trop, Dept Parasitol, San Jose 11501, Costa Rica. EM adriana.troyo@ucr.ac.cr; dalvarez@ces.uvg.edu.gt; mayra.taylor@ucr.ac.cr; gabdalla@ces.uvg.edu.gt; olger.calderon@ucr.ac.cr; mzambrano@cdc.gov; gdasch@cdc.gov; kil2@cdc.gov; ruchlia.hun@ucr.ac.cr; meremeeva@georgiasouthern.edu; alestevez@yahoo.com RI Troyo, Adriana/H-6506-2016 OI Troyo, Adriana/0000-0001-9513-9969 FU NeTropica [9-N-2008]; Universidad de Costa Rica [803-A8-127]; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [UO1 GH000028] FX This research was supported by NeTropica 9-N-2008, Universidad de Costa Rica 803-A8-127, and Cooperative Agreement No. UO1 GH000028 from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 23 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1054 EP 1056 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0742 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 952IH UT WOS:000304785700027 PM 22665618 ER PT J AU Pepin, KM Eisen, RJ Mead, PS Piesman, J Fish, D Hoen, AG Barbour, AG Hamer, S Diuk-Wasser, MA AF Pepin, Kim M. Eisen, Rebecca J. Mead, Paul S. Piesman, Joseph Fish, Durland Hoen, Anne G. Barbour, Alan G. Hamer, Sarah Diuk-Wasser, Maria A. TI Geographic Variation in the Relationship between Human Lyme Disease Incidence and Density of Infected Host-Seeking Ixodes scapularis Nymphs in the Eastern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-STRICTO; TICK-BORNE DISEASES; CLIMATE-BASED MODEL; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; HEMATOGENOUS DISSEMINATION; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; HUMAN RISK; SURVEILLANCE; PREDICTS; VECTOR AB Prevention and control of Lyme disease is difficult because of the complex biology of the pathogen's (Borrelia burgdorferi) vector (Ixocles scapularis) and multiple reservoir hosts with varying degrees of competence. Cost-effective implementation of tick- and host-targeted control methods requires an understanding of the relationship between pathogen prevalence in nymphs, nymph abundance, and incidence of human cases of Lyme disease. We quantified the relationship between estimated acarological risk and human incidence using county-level human case data and nymphal prevalence data from field-derived estimates in 36 eastern states. The estimated density of infected nymphs (mDIN) was significantly correlated with human incidence (r = 0.69). The relationship was strongest in high-prevalence areas, but it varied by region and state, partly because of the distribution of B. burgdorferi genotypes. More information is needed in several high-prevalence states before DIN can be used for cost-effectiveness analyses. C1 [Pepin, Kim M.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pepin, Kim M.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Mead, Paul S.; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Fish, Durland; Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Hoen, Anne G.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Lebanon, NH USA. [Barbour, Alan G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Barbour, Alan G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Hamer, Sarah] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hamer, Sarah] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX USA. RP Pepin, KM (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, 31 Ctr Dr,MSC 2220, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM uzu2@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; pfm0@cdc.gov; jfp2@cdc.gov; durland.fish@yale.edu; anne.g.hoen@dartmouth.edu; abarbour@uci.edu; shamer@cvm.tamu.edu; maria.diuk@yale.edu OI Barbour, Alan/0000-0002-0719-5248 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases [CI00171-01]; Science and Technology Directorate; US Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease [AI-065359] FX The authors thank Graham Hick ling, Jean Tsao, Uriel Kitron, Edward Walker, Roberto Cortinas, Jonas Bunikis, and Michelle Rowland, who were key collaborators in the data collection and development of the acarological risk map. The authors thank the 80 field assistants who participated in the data collection; Tim Andreadis, Katherine Watkins, Laura Krueger, Jessica Payne, Elizabeth Racz, Kelly Liebman, Liza Lutzker, and David Boozer for tick identification and logistic support; Paul Cislo, Gwenael Vourc'h, and Robert Brinkerhoff for statistical and data analyses support; Carlos Diuk for database support; Forrest Melton, Brad Lobitz, and Andrew Michaelis for technical assistance; and Dennis Grove, Lindsay Rollend, and Russell Barbour for arranging collection permits. This project was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Cooperative Agreement no. CI00171-01. K.M.P. was supported by the Research and Policy in Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate, the US Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. A.G.B. was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease Grant AI-065359. NR 41 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1062 EP 1071 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0630 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 952IH UT WOS:000304785700029 PM 22665620 ER PT J AU Appel, LJ Angell, SY Cobb, LK Limper, HM Nelson, DE Samet, JM Brownson, RC AF Appel, Lawrence J. Angell, Sonia Y. Cobb, Laura K. Limper, Heather M. Nelson, David E. Samet, Jonathan M. Brownson, Ross C. TI Population-Wide Sodium Reduction: The Bumpy Road from Evidence to Policy SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sodium; Salt; Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Cardiovascular Disease; Nutrition; Policy ID NUTRITION-EXAMINATION-SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DIETARY-SODIUM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; SALT INTAKE; MORTALITY; FINLAND AB Elevated blood pressure is a highly prevalent condition that is etiologically related to coronary heart disease and stroke, two of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Excess salt (sodium chloride) intake is a major determinant of elevated blood pressure. In this article, we discuss the scientific rationale for population-wide salt reduction, the types and strength of available evidence, policy-making on dietary salt intake in the United States and other countries, and the role and impact of key stakeholders. We highlight a number of lessons learned, many of which are germane to policy development in other domains. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:417-425. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Appel, Lawrence J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD USA. [Appel, Lawrence J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Appel, Lawrence J.; Cobb, Laura K.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Angell, Sonia Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Limper, Heather M.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Nelson, David E.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Samet, Jonathan M.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. RP Appel, LJ (reprint author), Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Int Hlth, 2024 E Monument St,Suite 2-642, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM lappel@jhmi.edu RI Limper, Heather/J-4941-2016 OI Limper, Heather/0000-0001-9063-3597 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK092950] NR 55 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 417 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.04.003 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 953DE UT WOS:000304846300006 PM 22626000 ER PT J AU Carter-Pokras, OD Offutt-Powell, TN Kaufman, JS Giles, WH Mays, VM AF Carter-Pokras, Olivia D. Offutt-Powell, Tabatha N. Kaufman, Jay S. Giles, Wayne H. Mays, Vickie M. TI Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Health Status Disparities; Healthcare Disparities; Minority Health; Epidemiology; Policy; Socioeconomic Factors ID UNITED-STATES; HOMES PROJECT; HOUSING INTERVENTIONS; WORKER INTERVENTION; SOCIAL DISPARITIES; ASTHMA; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; INEQUALITIES; ENVIRONMENT AB PURPOSE: Epidemiologists have long contributed to policy efforts to address health disparities. Three examples illustrate how epidemiologists have addressed health disparities in the United States and abroad through a "social determinants of health" lens. METHODS: To identify examples of how epidemiologic research has been applied to reduce health disparities, we queried epidemiologists engaged in disparities research in the United States, Canada, and New Zealand, and drew upon the scientific literature. RESULTS: Resulting examples covered a wide range of topic areas. Three areas selected for their contributions to policy were: (1) epidemiology's role in definition and measurement, (2) the study of housing and asthma, and (3) the study of food policy strategies to reduce health disparities. Although epidemiologic research has done much to define and quantify health inequalities, it has generally been less successful at producing evidence that would identify targets for health equity intervention. Epidemiologists have a role to play in measurement and basic surveillance, etiologic research, intervention research, and evaluation research. However, our training and funding sources generally place greatest emphasis on surveillance and etiologic research. CONCLUSIONS: The complexity of health disparities requires better training for epidemiologists to effectively work in multidisciplinary teams. Together we can evaluate contextual and multilevel contributions to disease and study intervention programs to gain better insights into evidenced-based health equity strategies. Ann Epidemiol 2012;22:446-455. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Carter-Pokras, Olivia D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Offutt-Powell, Tabatha N.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Kaufman, Jay S.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mays, Vickie M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Mays, Vickie M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Carter-Pokras, OD (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 2234G SPH Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM opokras@umd.edu OI Kaufman, Jay/0000-0003-1606-401X FU American College of Epidemiology; Washington University in St. Louis (Division of Public Health Sciences); NIH [DA 20826]; CDC [1 U48 DP001929] FX We gratefully acknowledge comments from participants of the April 2011 American College of Epidemiology policy committee meeting in St. Louis, Missouri, as well as suggestions of topics for potential cases from health disparities researchers in response to our queries. We also acknowledge funding support from the American College of Epidemiology and Washington University in St. Louis (Division of Public Health Sciences) for the April 2011 meeting, and from NIH DA 20826 (Mays) and CDC cooperative agreement 1 U48 DP001929 (Carter-Pokras) for participation in preparation of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 446 EP 455 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.04.018 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 953DE UT WOS:000304846300009 PM 22626003 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Iqbal, N Bolden, CB DeBess, EE Marsden-Haug, N Worhle, R Thakur, R Harris, JR AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Iqbal, Naureen Bolden, Carol B. DeBess, Emilio E. Marsden-Haug, Nicola Worhle, Ron Thakur, Rameshwari Harris, Julie R. CA Cryptococcus Gattii PNW Public TI Epidemiologic cutoff values for triazole drugs in Cryptococcus gattii: correlation of molecular type and in vitro susceptibility SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Cryptococcus gattii; Susceptibility; MIC; Epidemiologic cutoff value ID ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SPECIES COMPLEX; NEOFORMANS; FLUCONAZOLE; VORICONAZOLE; AUSTRALIA; EMERGENCE; INFECTION; VARIETIES AB Cryptococcus gattii causes infection in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide but has garnered increased attention since its 1999 emergence in North America. C. gattii can be divided into 4 molecular types that may represent cryptic species. Recent evidence has shown that azole antifungal MIC values differ among these molecular types. We tested a large collection of C. gattii isolates for susceptibility to 4 azole drugs. We found that isolates of molecular type VGII have the highest geometric mean (GM) fluconazole MIC values (8.6 mu g/mL), while isolates of molecular type VG! have the lowest (1.7 mu g/mL). For fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole GM MIC values, VGI < VGIII < VGIV < VGII. The GM MIC values for posaconazole were similarly represented across molecular types, with the exception that VGII < VGIII and VGIV. We used the MIC values to establish preliminary epidemiologic cutoff values for each azole and molecular type of C gattii. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Iqbal, Naureen; Bolden, Carol B.; Harris, Julie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeBess, Emilio E.] Oregon Dept Publ Hlth, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Marsden-Haug, Nicola; Worhle, Ron] Washington State Dept Hlth, Tumwater, WA 98501 USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 73 IS 2 BP 144 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.02.018 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 956PR UT WOS:000305102100007 PM 22494557 ER PT J AU Brown, P Brandel, JP Sato, T Nakamura, Y MacKenzie, J Will, RG Ladogana, A Pocchiari, M Leschek, EW Schonberger, LB AF Brown, Paul Brandel, Jean-Philippe Sato, Takeshi Nakamura, Yosikazu MacKenzie, Jan Will, Robert G. Ladogana, Anna Pocchiari, Maurizio Leschek, Ellen W. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI latrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Final Assessment SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PRNP CODON-129 POLYMORPHISM; GROWTH-HORMONE THERAPY; DURA-MATER GRAFT; POPULATION-DISTRIBUTION; INFECTIVITY; FEATURES; EUROPE; RISK AB The era of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) has nearly closed; only occasional cases with exceptionally long incubation periods are still appearing. The principal sources of these outbreaks are contaminated growth hormone (226 cases) and dura mater grafts (226 cases) derived from human cadavers with undiagnosed CJD infections; a small number of additional cases are caused by neurosurgical instrument contamination, corneal grafts, gonadotrophic hormone, and secondary infection with variant CJD transmitted by transfusion of blood products. No new sources of disease have been identified, and current practices, which combine improved recognition of potentially infected persons with new disinfection methods for fragile surgical instruments and biological products, should continue to minimize the risk for iatrogenic disease until a blood screening test for the detection of preclinical infection is validated for human use. C1 [Brown, Paul] Ctr Energie Atom, Fontenay Aux Roses, France. [Brandel, Jean-Philippe] INSERM, Paris, France. [Sato, Takeshi] Nanohana Clin, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakamura, Yosikazu] Jichi Med Univ, Yakushiji, Japan. [MacKenzie, Jan; Will, Robert G.] Western Gen Hosp, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland. [Ladogana, Anna; Pocchiari, Maurizio] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Leschek, Ellen W.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brown, P (reprint author), 7815 Exeter Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM paulwbrown@comcast.net RI Ladogana, Anna/K-1415-2016 NR 28 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 3 U2 26 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 901 EP 907 DI 10.3201/eid1806.120116 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700001 PM 22607808 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Blanton, JD Holman, RC Callinan, LS Baty, S Phillips, R Callahan, M Levy, C Komatsu, K Sunenshine, R Bergman, DL Rupprecht, CE AF McCollum, Andrea M. Blanton, Jesse D. Holman, Robert C. Callinan, Laura S. Baty, Steven Phillips, Randy Callahan, Michael Levy, Craig Komatsu, Ken Sunenshine, Rebecca Bergman, David L. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Community Survey after Rabies Outbreaks, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; UNITED-STATES; SKUNKS; SURVEILLANCE; WILDLIFE; VACCINE; HEALTH AB Flagstaff, Arizona, USA, experienced notable outbreaks of rabies caused by a bat rabies virus variant in carnivore species in 2001, 2004, 2005, 2008, and 2009. The most recent epizootic involved transmission among skunk and fox populations and human exposures. Multiple, wide-ranging control efforts and health communications outreach were instituted in 2009, including a household survey given to community members. Although the Flagstaff community is knowledgeable about rabies and the ongoing outbreaks in general, gaps in knowledge about routes of exposure and potential hosts remain. Future educational efforts should include messages on the dangers of animal translocation and a focus on veterinarians and physicians as valuable sources for outreach. These results will be useful to communities experiencing rabies outbreaks as well as those at current risk. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Blanton, Jesse D.; Holman, Robert C.; Callinan, Laura S.; Baty, Steven; Sunenshine, Rebecca; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baty, Steven; Levy, Craig; Komatsu, Ken] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Phillips, Randy; Callahan, Michael] Coconino Cty Publ Hlth Serv Dist, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Bergman, David L.] USDA, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov RI Bergman, David/C-6874-2015 OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X FU US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services; CDC FX We thank the community of Flagstaff, Arizona, for participation in this survey. We greatly appreciate the support of this activity by the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services.; Financial support was provided by CDC. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 932 EP 938 DI 10.3201/eid1806.111172 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700005 PM 22607999 ER PT J AU Kirkcaldy, RD Augostini, P Asbel, LE Bernstein, KT Kerani, RP Mettenbrink, CJ Pathela, P Schwebke, JR Secor, WE Workowski, KA Davis, D Braxton, J Weinstock, HS AF Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Augostini, Peter Asbel, Lenore E. Bernstein, Kyle T. Kerani, Roxanne P. Mettenbrink, Christie J. Pathela, Preeti Schwebke, Jane R. Secor, W. Evan Workowski, Kimberly A. Davis, Darlene Braxton, Jim Weinstock, Hillard S. TI Trichomonas vaginalis Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in 6 US Cities, STD Surveillance Network, 2009-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID METRONIDAZOLE; PREVALENCE; TINIDAZOLE; WOMEN; INFECTION; RISK AB Nitroimidazoles (metronidazole and tinidazole) are the only recommended drugs for treating Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and previous samples that assessed resistance of such isolates have been limited in geographic scope. We assessed the prevalence of in vitro aerobic metronidazole and tinidazole resistance among T vaginalis isolates from multiple geographic sites in the United States. Swab specimens were obtained from women who underwent routine pelvic examinations at sexually transmitted disease clinics in 6 US cities. Cultured T vaginalis isolates were tested for nitroimidazole resistance (aerobic minimum lethal concentration [MLC] >= 50 mu g/mL). Of 538 T vaginalis isolates, 23 (4.3%) exhibited low-level in vitro nnetronidazole resistance (minimum lethal concentrations 50-100 mu g/mL). No isolates exhibited moderate- to high-level metronidazole resistance or tinidazole resistance. Results highlight the possibility that reliance on a single class of antimicrobial drugs for treating T vaginalis infections may heighten vulnerability to emergence of resistance. Thus, novel treatment options are needed. C1 [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Augostini, Peter; Secor, W. Evan; Workowski, Kimberly A.; Davis, Darlene; Braxton, Jim; Weinstock, Hillard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Asbel, Lenore E.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Bernstein, Kyle T.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kerani, Roxanne P.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Mettenbrink, Christie J.] Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Denver, CO USA. [Pathela, Preeti] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Schwebke, Jane R.] Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA. [Schwebke, Jane R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Workowski, Kimberly A.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kirkcaldy, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E2, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rkirkcaldy@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS08-865] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PS08-865). NR 19 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 939 EP 943 DI 10.3201/eid1806.111590 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700006 PM 22608054 ER PT J AU Kwon, D Lee, JY Choi, W Choi, JH Chung, YS Lee, NJ Cheong, HM Katz, JM Oh, HB Cho, H Kang, C AF Kwon, Donghyok Lee, Joo-Yeon Choi, Wooyoung Choi, Jang-Hoon Chung, Yoon-Seok Lee, Nam-Joo Cheong, Hyang-Min Katz, Jacqueline M. Oh, Hee-Bok Cho, Haewol Kang, Chun TI Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus Antibodies in Poultry Cullers, South Korea, 2003-2004 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LOW-FREQUENCY; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; CAMBODIA AB Transmission of influenza (H5N1) virus from birds to humans is a serious public health threat. In South Korea, serologic investigation among 2,512 poultry workers exposed during December 2003-March 2004 to poultry with confirmed or suspected influenza (H5N1) virus infection found antibodies in 9. Frequency of bird-to-human transmission was low. C1 [Kwon, Donghyok; Lee, Joo-Yeon; Choi, Wooyoung; Choi, Jang-Hoon; Chung, Yoon-Seok; Lee, Nam-Joo; Cheong, Hyang-Min; Oh, Hee-Bok; Cho, Haewol; Kang, Chun] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Osong, South Korea. [Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kang, C (reprint author), Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Korea Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Infect Dis, Div Influenza Virus, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2 Ro, Cheongwon Gun 363951, Chuncheongbuk D, South Korea. EM ckang@nih.go.kr OI Chung, Yoon-Seok/0000-0003-4562-5533 FU Korea CDC FX This study was supported by a grant from the Korea CDC. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 986 EP 988 DI 10.3201/eid1806.111631 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700018 PM 22607722 ER PT J AU Bai, Y Kosoy, MY Diaz, MH Winchell, J Baggett, H Maloney, SA Boonmar, S Bhengsri, S Sawatwong, P Peruski, LF AF Bai, Ying Kosoy, Michael Y. Diaz, Maureen H. Winchell, Jonas Baggett, Henry Maloney, Susan A. Boonmar, Sumalee Bhengsri, Saithip Sawatwong, Pongpun Peruski, Leonard F. TI Bartonella vinsonii subsp arupensis in Humans, Thailand SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; ENDOCARDITIS; CULTURE; STRAINS AB We identified Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis in pre-enriched blood of 4 patients from Thailand. Nucleotide sequences for transfer-messenger RNA gene, citrate synthase gene, and the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer were identical or closely related to those for the strain that has been considered pathogenic since initially isolated from a human in Wyoming, USA. C1 [Bai, Ying; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Diaz, Maureen H.; Winchell, Jonas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baggett, Henry; Maloney, Susan A.; Boonmar, Sumalee; Bhengsri, Saithip; Sawatwong, Pongpun; Peruski, Leonard F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Bai, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ybai1@cdc.gov FU Center of Global Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project was supported by the Global Disease Detection Program of the Center of Global Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 989 EP 991 DI 10.3201/eid1806.111750 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700019 PM 22607728 ER PT J AU Iverson, SA Chiller, T Beekmann, S Polgreen, PM Harris, J AF Iverson, Sally Ann Chiller, Tom Beekmann, Susan Polgreen, Philip M. Harris, Julie TI Recognition and Diagnosis of Cryptococcus gattii Infections in the United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; DISEASES SOCIETY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; NEOFORMANS; MANAGEMENT; AMERICA; CANADA; HOST C1 [Iverson, Sally Ann] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Chiller, Tom; Harris, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beekmann, Susan; Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Iverson, SA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM siverson@jhsph.edu FU PHS HHS [U50 CCU112346] NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1012 EP 1015 DI 10.3201/eid1806.111228 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700028 PM 22608164 ER PT J AU Schonberger, LB Schonberger, RB AF Schonberger, Lawrence B. Schonberger, Robert B. TI Etymologia: Prion SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schonberger, Robert B.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Schonberger, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lbs1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1030 EP 1031 DI 10.3201/eid1806.120271 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700038 PM 22607731 ER PT J AU Bloom, SA AF Bloom, Sharon A. TI Mayo Clinic Infectious Diseases Board Review SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bloom, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Mailstop E41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sab0@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1033 EP 1033 DI 10.3201/eid1806.120388 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700041 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI I rhyme/To see myself, to set the darkness echoing SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1034 EP 1035 DI 10.3201/eid1806.AC1806 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 951UO UT WOS:000304745700042 ER PT J AU Soto-Quiros, M Avila, L Platts-Mills, TAE Hunt, JF Erdman, DD Carper, H Murphy, DD Odio, S James, HR Patrie, JT Hunt, W O'Rourke, AK Davis, MD Steinke, JW Lu, XY Kennedy, J Heymann, PW AF Soto-Quiros, Manuel Avila, Lydiana Platts-Mills, Thomas A. E. Hunt, John F. Erdman, Dean D. Carper, Holliday Murphy, Deborah D. Odio, Silvia James, Hayley R. Patrie, James T. Hunt, William O'Rourke, Ashli K. Davis, Michael D. Steinke, John W. Lu, Xiaoyan Kennedy, Joshua Heymann, Peter W. TI High titers of IgE antibody to dust mite allergen and risk for wheezing among asthmatic children infected with rhinovirus SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acute asthma; dust mite-specific IgE; emergency department visits; viral respiratory tract infections; rhinovirus strain C; total serum IgE; inhaled allergens; exhaled nitric oxide ID HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS INFECTION; EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RESPIRATORY VIRUSES; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; COSTA-RICA; EXACERBATIONS; SENSITIZATION; PREVALENCE; ADMISSION AB Background: The relevance of allergic sensitization, as judged by titers of serum IgE antibodies, to the risk of an asthma exacerbation caused by rhinovirus is unclear. Objective: We sought to examine the prevalence of rhinovirus infections in relation to the atopic status of children treated for wheezing in Costa Rica, a country with an increased asthma burden. Methods: The children enrolled (n = 287) were 7 through 12 years old. They included 96 with acute wheezing, 65 with stable asthma, and 126 nonasthmatic control subjects. PCR methods, including gene sequencing to identify rhinovirus strains, were used to identify viral pathogens in nasal washes. Results were examined in relation to wheezing, IgE, allergen-specific IgE antibody, and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide levels. Results: Sixty-four percent of wheezing children compared with 13% of children with stable asthma and 13% of nonasthmatic control subjects had positive test results for rhinovirus (P < .001 for both comparisons). Among wheezing subjects, 75% of the rhinoviruses detected were group C strains. High titers of IgE antibodies to dust mite allergen (especially Dermatophagoides species) were common and correlated significantly with total IgE and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide levels. The greatest risk for wheezing was observed among children with titers of IgE antibodies to dust mite of 17.5 IU/mL or greater who tested positive for rhinovirus (odds ratio for wheezing, 31.5; 95% CI, 8.3-108; P < .001). Conclusions: High titers of IgE antibody to dust mite allergen were common and significantly increased the risk for acute wheezing provoked by rhinovirus among asthmatic children. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;129:1499-505.) C1 [Hunt, John F.; Carper, Holliday; Murphy, Deborah D.; Davis, Michael D.; Heymann, Peter W.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Platts-Mills, Thomas A. E.; Hunt, John F.; Carper, Holliday; Murphy, Deborah D.; James, Hayley R.; Patrie, James T.; Hunt, William; O'Rourke, Ashli K.; Davis, Michael D.; Steinke, John W.; Kennedy, Joshua; Heymann, Peter W.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Asthma & Allerg Dis Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Erdman, Dean D.; Lu, Xiaoyan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soto-Quiros, Manuel; Avila, Lydiana; Odio, Silvia] Hosp Nacl Ninos Dr Carlos Saenz Herrera, San Jose, Costa Rica. RP Heymann, PW (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, POB 800386, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM PWH5A@virginia.edu FU Cove Point Foundation; National Institutes of Health [R01 AI020565, U19 AI070364]; University of Virginia Children's Hospital; Phadia/Thermo Fisher; Medtronic; University of Virginia FX Supported by the Cove Point Foundation, National Institutes of Health grants R01 AI020565 and U19 AI070364, and the University of Virginia Children's Hospital Research Fund.; T. A. E. Platts-Mills has consultant arrangements with IBT/Viracor Labs and has received research support and honorarium from Phadia/Thermo Fisher. J. W. Steinke has received payment as a Board Review Course Speaker for the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology; has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and Medtronic; and is the AIR Committee Chair for the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. J. Kennedy has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and the University of Virginia. P. W. Heymann has received research support from the National Institutes of Health, the Cove Point Foundation, and the University of Virginia Children's Hospital. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 34 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP 1499 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.03.040 PG 12 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 952BL UT WOS:000304764600009 PM 22560151 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, B Wortley, P Shefer, A McCauley, MM Gravenstein, S AF Bardenheier, Barbara Wortley, Pascale Shefer, Abigail McCauley, Mary Mason Gravenstein, Stefan TI Racial Inequities in Receipt of Influenza Vaccination Among Nursing Home Residents in the United States, 2008-2009: A Pattern of Low Overall Coverage in Facilities in Which Most Residents are Black SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Immunization; long term care; racial inequities ID CARE; QUALITY AB Objectives: Nationwide among nursing home residents, receipt of the influenza vaccine is 8 to 9 percentage points lower among blacks than among whites. The objective of this study was to determine if the national inequity in vaccination is because of the characteristics of facilities and/or residents. Design: Cross-sectional study with multilevel modeling. Setting and Participants: States in which 1% or more of nursing home residents were black and the difference in influenza vaccination coverage between white and black nursing home residents was 1 percentage point or higher (n = 39 states and the District of Columbia). Data on residents (n = 2,359,321) were obtained from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Service's Minimum Data Set for October 1, 2008, through March 31, 2009. Measurements: Residents' influenza vaccination status (vaccinated, refused vaccine, or not offered vaccination). Results: States with higher overall influenza vaccination coverage among nursing home residents had smaller racial inequities. In nursing homes with higher proportions of black residents, vaccination coverage was lower for both blacks and whites. The most dramatic inequities existed between whites in nursing homes with 0% blacks (L1) and blacks in nursing homes with 50% or more blacks (L5) in states with overall racial inequities of 10 percentage points or more. In these states, more black nursing home residents lived in nursing homes with 50% or more blacks (L5); in general, the same homes with low overall coverage. Conclusion: Inequities in influenza vaccination coverage among nursing home residents are largely because of low vaccination coverage in nursing homes with a high proportion of black residents. Findings indicate that implementation of culturally appropriate interventions to increase vaccination in facilities with larger proportions of black residents may reduce the racial gap in influenza vaccination as well as increase overall state-level vaccination. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Medical Directors Association, Inc. C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shefer, Abigail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McCauley, Mary Mason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Qual Partners Rhode Isl, Providence, RI USA. RP Bardenheier, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Publ Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BBardenheier@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 5 BP 470 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.02.001 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 951XU UT WOS:000304754300011 PM 22420974 ER PT J AU Miller, CH Platt, SJ Rice, AS Kelly, F Soucie, JM AF Miller, C. H. Platt, S. J. Rice, A. S. Kelly, F. Soucie, J. M. CA Hemophilia Inhibitor Res Study Inv TI Validation of Nijmegen-Bethesda assay modifications to allow inhibitor measurement during replacement therapy and facilitate inhibitor surveillance SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE factor IX; factor VIII; inhibitor ID VIII-C INHIBITORS; LABORATORY IDENTIFICATION; COAGULATION; EXPERIENCE; TITER AB Background: As part of a pilot U.S. inhibitor surveillance project initiated at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2006, a centralized inhibitor measurement was instituted. Objective: To validate a modified method for inhibitor measurement suitable for surveillance of treated and untreated patients. Methods/Results: In all, 710 subjects with hemophilia A were enrolled; 122 had a history of inhibitor (HI). Nijmegen-Bethesda assay (NBA) results on 50 split specimens shipped on cold packs and frozen were equivalent (r = 0.998). Because 55% of 228 initial specimens had factor (F) VIII activity (VIII: C) present, a heat treatment step was added. Heating specimens to 56 degrees C for 30 min and centrifuging removed FVIII, as demonstrated by a reduction of VIII: C and FVIII antigen to < 1 U dL(-1) in recently treated patients. Among specimens inhibitor-negative before heating, one of 159 with negative HI and five of 30 with positive HI rose to >= 0.5 Nijmegen-Bethesda units (NBU) after heating. Correlation of heated and unheated inhibitor-positive specimens was 0.94 (P = 0.0001). The modified method had a coefficient of variation (CV) for a 1 NBU positive control of 10.3% and for the negative control of 9.8%. Based on results on 710 enrollment specimens, a positive CDC inhibitor was defined as >= 0.5 NBU. Results were similar when 643 post-enrollment specimens were included. Of 160 enrolled hemophilia B patients, two had HI. All others had NBU <= 0.2 at enrollment. Conclusion: The CDC experience demonstrates that this modified NBA can be standardized to be within acceptable limits for clinical tests and can be used for national surveillance. C1 [Miller, C. H.; Platt, S. J.; Rice, A. S.; Kelly, F.; Soucie, J. M.; Hemophilia Inhibitor Res Study Inv] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmiller2@cdc.gov RI Rice, Andrew/I-7501-2012; OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU CDC Foundation through Pfizer Inc. FX The work was supported by the CDC Foundation through a grant from Pfizer Inc. The authors wish to thank the patients who participated and the study coordinators and administrators at the sites. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1055 EP 1061 DI 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04705.x PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 950PM UT WOS:000304661200107 PM 22435927 ER PT J AU Kay, J Wanzira, H Sandison, T Kakuru, A Bigira, V Kamya, M Homsy, J Tappero, JW Havlir, D Dorsey, G Ruel, T AF Kay, Jenna Wanzira, Humphrey Sandison, Taylor Kakuru, Abel Bigira, Victor Kamya, Moses Homsy, Jaco Tappero, Jordan W. Havlir, Diane Dorsey, Grant Ruel, Theodore TI Virologic Suppression in Nevirapine-Exposed HIV-Infected Infants Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural Uganda SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE HIV; nevirapine; children; treatment; Africa AB We measured virologic suppression among 34 nevirapine (NVP)-exposed HIV-infected children with median age of 8.6 months (range: 3.2-19.9) initiating NVP-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural Uganda. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the cumulative probability of virologic suppression, defined as having two consecutive HIV-1 RNA < 400 copies ml(-1) by 18 months was 56%. In multivariate Cox proportional hazard modeling, the following pre-ART measurements were independently associated with an increased probability of viral suppression: increasing age [hazard ratio (HR) =1.28 per 1 month increase in age, p = 0.002], lower viral load (HR = 3.54 for HIV RNA > 7 50 000 copies ml(-1), p = 0.03) and high CD4% (HR = 6.0 for CD4% > 25, p = 0.003). These results lend additional support to the 2010 World Health Organization recommendations that protease inhibitors be used to treat NVP-exposed children, but that NVP-based ART should be initiated before the decline of CD4% to optimize outcomes in NVP-exposed children when protease inhibitors are not available. C1 [Kay, Jenna; Havlir, Diane; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Wanzira, Humphrey; Kakuru, Abel; Bigira, Victor; Kamya, Moses] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Sandison, Taylor] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kamya, Moses] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Homsy, Jaco] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ruel, Theodore] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Ruel, T (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM ruelt@peds.ucsf.edu FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62P024421]; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health [K23-60459-01A2]; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Clinical Scientist Development Award FX We are grateful to the children, their parents and guardians who participated in the Tororo Child Cohort, as well as the clinical study team and administrative staff. Subjects in this study were enrolled in programs supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and by Cooperative Agreement Number U62P024421 from the Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, and Global AIDS Program. CDC Disclaimer: the findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; This work was also supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health (K23-60459-01A2). Support was also provided by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (GD is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award). NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-6338 J9 J TROP PEDIATRICS JI J. Trop. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 58 IS 3 BP 194 EP 199 DI 10.1093/tropej/fmr071 PG 6 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 952ZG UT WOS:000304834600006 PM 21930666 ER PT J AU Garofalo, R Johnson, AK Kuhns, LM Cotten, C Joseph, H Margolis, A AF Garofalo, Robert Johnson, Amy K. Kuhns, Lisa M. Cotten, Christopher Joseph, Heather Margolis, Andrew TI Life Skills: Evaluation of a Theory-Driven Behavioral HIV Prevention Intervention for Young Transgender Women SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV; Transgender; Youth; Intervention; Adolescent ID YOUTHS; SCALE AB Young transgender women are at increased risk for HIV infection due to factors related to stigma/marginalization and participation in risky sexual behaviors. To date, no HIV prevention interventions have been developed or proven successful with young transgender women. To address this gap, we developed and pilot tested a homegrown intervention "Life Skills," addressing the unique HIV prevention needs of young transgender women aged 16-24 years. Study aims included assessing the feasibility of a small group-based intervention with the study population and examining participant's engagement in HIV-related risk behaviors pre- and 3-months-post-intervention. Fifty-one (N = 51) young transgender women enrolled in the study. Our overall attendance and retention rates demonstrate that small group-based HIV prevention programs for young transgender women are both feasible and acceptable. Trends in outcome measures suggest that participation in the intervention may reduce HIV-related risk behaviors. Further testing of the intervention with a control group is warranted. C1 [Garofalo, Robert; Johnson, Amy K.] Northwestern Univ, Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Garofalo, Robert; Johnson, Amy K.; Kuhns, Lisa M.; Cotten, Christopher] Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Dept Res, Chicago, IL USA. [Cotten, Christopher] Indiana Univ NW, Div Social Work, Gary, IN USA. [Joseph, Heather; Margolis, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garofalo, R (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM rgarofalo@childrensmemorial.org FU CDC [UR6 PS000396] FX This research was support by CDC grant UR6 PS000396 to Robert Garofalo. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 89 IS 3 BP 419 EP 431 DI 10.1007/s11524-011-9638-6 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 953OA UT WOS:000304877300003 PM 22223033 ER PT J AU Karon, JM Wejnert, C AF Karon, John M. Wejnert, Cyprian TI Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Time-Location Sampling Data SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Time-location sampling; HIV; Statistical methods ID YOUNG MEN; SEX; RISK AB Time-location sampling (TLS) is useful for collecting information on a hard-to-reach population (such as men who have sex with men [MSM]) by sampling locations where persons of interest can be found, and then sampling those who attend. These studies have typically been analyzed as a simple random sample (SRS) from the population of interest. If this population is the source population, as we assume here, such an analysis is likely to be biased, because it ignores possible associations between outcomes of interest and frequency of attendance at the locations sampled, and is likely to underestimate the uncertainty in the estimates, as a result of ignoring both the clustering within locations and the variation in the probability of sampling among members of the population who attend sampling locations. We propose that TLS data be analyzed as a two-stage sample survey using a simple weighting procedure based on the inverse of the approximate probability that a person was sampled and using sample survey analysis software to estimate the standard errors of estimates (to account for the effects of clustering within the first stage [locations] and variation in the weights). We use data from the Young Men's Survey Phase II, a study of MSM, to show that, compared with an analysis assuming a SRS, weighting can affect point prevalence estimates and estimates of associations and that weighting and clustering can substantially increase estimates of standard errors. We describe data on location attendance that would yield improved estimates of weights. We comment on the advantages and disadvantages of TLS and respondent-driven sampling. C1 [Karon, John M.] Emergint Corp, Louisville, KY USA. [Wejnert, Cyprian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Karon, JM (reprint author), 2505 Elfego Rd NW, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. EM jkaron@earthlink.net NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 89 IS 3 BP 565 EP 586 DI 10.1007/s11524-012-9676-8 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 953OA UT WOS:000304877300012 PM 22421885 ER PT J AU Klausner, JD Govender, N Oladoyinbo, S Roy, M Chiller, T AF Klausner, Jeffrey D. Govender, Nelesh Oladoyinbo, Samuel Roy, Monika Chiller, Tom TI Preventing AIDS deaths: cryptococcal antigen screening and treatment SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Program Global Hlth, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Govender, Nelesh] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Opportunist Trop Hosp Infect, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Oladoyinbo, Samuel] Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Div Global HIV AIDS, Pretoria, South Africa. [Roy, Monika; Chiller, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klausner, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM jdklausner@mednet.ucla.edu NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 431 EP 432 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70094-4 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 952JR UT WOS:000304789300009 PM 22632183 ER PT J AU Rolando, RFR da Silva, S Peralta, RHS da Silva, AJ Cunha, FD Bello, AR Peralta, JM AF Ribeiro Rolando, Roberta Flavia da Silva, Sidnei Saramago Peralta, Regina Helena da Silva, Alexandre Januario Cunha, Flavia de Souza Bello, Alexandre Ribeiro Peralta, Jose Mauro TI Detection and differentiation of Cryptosporidium by real-time polymerase chain reaction in stool samples from patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; RT-PCR; molecular epidemiology ID HIV-INFECTED PERSONS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SAO-PAULO; PCR ASSAY; PARVUM; CHILDREN; HOMINIS; HUMANS; PREVALENCE; PARASITES AB This study reports the first genetic characterisation of Cryptosporidium isolates in Brazil using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 1,197 faecal specimens from children and 10 specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients were collected between 1999-2010 and screened using microscopy. Forty-eight Cryptosporidium oocyst-positive isolates were identified and analysed using a generic TaqMan assay targeting the 18S rRNA to detect Cryptosporidium species and two other TaqMan assays to identify Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum. The 18S rRNA assay detected Cryptosporidium species in all 48 of the stool specimens. The C. parvum TaqMan assay correctly identified five/48 stool samples, while 37/48 stool specimens were correctly amplified in the C. hominis TaqMan assay. The results obtained in this study support previous findings showing that C. hominis infections are more prevalent than C. parvum infections in Brazil and they demonstrate that the TaqMan RT-PCR procedure is a simple, fast and valuable tool for the detection and differentiation of Cryptosporidium species. C1 [Saramago Peralta, Regina Helena; Cunha, Flavia de Souza] Univ Fed Fluminense, Fac Med, Dept Patol, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. [Ribeiro Rolando, Roberta Flavia; Bello, Alexandre Ribeiro] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [da Silva, Sidnei] Fiocruz MS, Inst Pesquisa Clin Evandro Chagas, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [da Silva, Alexandre Januario] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peralta, Jose Mauro] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Microbiol Paulo de Goes, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. RP Peralta, RHS (reprint author), Univ Fed Fluminense, Fac Med, Dept Patol, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. EM rperalta@vm.uff.br RI Bello, Alexandre/H-1293-2012 OI Bello, Alexandre/0000-0003-1391-9967 FU FAPERJ; SESDC; MS; CNPq FX FAPERJ, SESDC, MS, CNPq NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 EI 1678-8060 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD JUN PY 2012 VL 107 IS 4 BP 476 EP 479 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 953FY UT WOS:000304853500006 PM 22666857 ER PT J AU Ramlal, RT Tembo, M Soko, A Chigwenembe, M Ellington, S Kayira, D King, CC Chasela, C Jamieson, D van der Horst, C Bentley, ME Adair, LS AF Ramlal, Roshan T. Tembo, Martin Soko, Alice Chigwenembe, Maggie Ellington, Sascha Kayira, Dumbani King, Caroline C. Chasela, Charles Jamieson, Denise van der Horst, Charles Bentley, Margaret E. Adair, Linda S. CA BAN Study Team TI Maternal Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Is Associated With Birth Weight Among HIV-Infected Malawians SO NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE nutrition assessment; HIV; proteins; infant, low birth weight ID INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; BODY-COMPOSITION; FUNDAL HEIGHT; FETAL GROWTH; VIRAL LOAD; PREDICTORS; WOMEN; FAT; ANTHROPOMETRY AB The authors examined the relationship of maternal anthropometry to fetal growth and birth weight among 1005 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women in Lilongwe, Malawi, who consented to enrollment in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study (www.thebanstudy.org). Anthropometric assessments of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), arm muscle area (AMA), and arm fat area (AFA) were collected at the baseline visit between 12 and 30 weeks' gestation and in up to 4 follow-up prenatal visits. In longitudinal analysis, fundal height increased monotonically at an estimated rate of 0.92 cm/wk and was positively and negatively associated with AMA and AFA, respectively. These latter relationships varied over weeks of follow-up. Baseline MUAC, AMA, and AFA were positively associated with birth weight (MUAC: 31.84 g/cm(2), 95% confidence interval [CI], 22.18-41.49 [P < .01]; AMA: 6.88 g/cm(2), 95% CI, 2.51-11.26 [P < .01]; AFA: 6.97 g/cm(2), 95% CI, 3.53-10.41 [P < .01]). In addition, MUAC and AMA were both associated with decreased odds for low birth weight (LBW; <2500 g) (MUAC: odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.77-0.94 [P < .01]; AMA: OR = 0.95, 95% CI, 0.91-0.99 [P < .05]). These findings support the use of MUAC as an efficient, cost-effective screening tool for LBW in HIV-infected women, as in HIV-uninfected women. (Nutr Clin Pract. 2012;27:416-421) C1 [Ramlal, Roshan T.; van der Horst, Charles; Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Tembo, Martin; Soko, Alice; Chigwenembe, Maggie; Kayira, Dumbani; Chasela, Charles] UNC Project Lilongwe, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Ellington, Sascha; King, Caroline C.; Jamieson, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ramlal, RT (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM roshan.m.thomas@gmail.com FU National Institutes of Health [R03HD057637] FX This analysis was funded by the National Institutes of Health R03 grant R03HD057637. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0884-5336 J9 NUTR CLIN PRACT JI Nutr. Clin. Pract. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 3 BP 416 EP 421 DI 10.1177/0884533611435991 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 951FO UT WOS:000304706500014 PM 22511656 ER PT J AU Woodhall, D Starr, MC Montgomery, SP Jones, JL Lum, F Read, RW Moorthy, RS AF Woodhall, Dana Starr, Michelle C. Montgomery, Susan P. Jones, Jeffrey L. Lum, Flora Read, Russell W. Moorthy, Ramana S. TI Ocular Toxocariasis: Epidemiologic, Anatomic, and Therapeutic Variations Based on a Survey of Ophthalmic Subspecialists SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY OCT 22-25, 2011 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN; OVA AB Purpose: To assess the current burden of ocular toxocariasis (OT) and to gain knowledge regarding the diagnostic and treatment practices used in the ophthalmologic community in the United States. Design: Web-based, cross-sectional survey. Participants: Subspecialty ophthalmologists who are currently practicing in the United States. Methods: An electronic survey was sent to 3020 ophthalmologic subspecialists belonging to the American Uveitis Society (AUS), the American Society of Retina Specialists (ASRS), or the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) to capture demographic, clinical, diagnostic, and treatment data on patients with OT seen in their practices between September 2009 and September 2010. Main Outcome Measures: The demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical characteristics of each reported patient with OT. Results: A total of 159 patients with OT were reported by 559 respondents (19%). The median patient age was 11.5 years (range, 1-66 years). Seventy-two patients (45%) with OT lived in the Southern region of the United States. Thirty-one (69%) of 45 patients with OT owned a dog or cat. Vision loss was reported in 46 (85%) of 54 patients with OT; 32 (71%) of 45 patients had permanent vision loss, 13 patients (29%) had temporary vision loss, and duration of vision loss was unreported for 1 patient. Of the 32 patients with OT with permanent vision loss, 30 (94%) had a subretinal granulomatous mass/scar, peripheral granuloma with traction bands, or posterior pole granuloma noted on ophthalmologic examination. Subretinal granulomatous mass/scar, vitritis, and scotoma were the most common ophthalmologic signs found on examination of patients with OT. Conclusions: Ocular toxocariasis continues to occur in the United States, where it affects mainly children and causes permanent vision loss in many patients. Healthcare professionals should counsel patients and their family members about prevention strategies in an effort to decrease infection rates and morbidity due to Toxocara. Further improvement of diagnostic and treatment tools is needed to assist ophthalmologists in treating patients with OT. Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article. Ophthalmology 2012;119:1211-1217 (C) 2012 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 [Woodhall, Dana; Starr, Michelle C.; Montgomery, Susan P.; Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Read, Russell W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Ophthalmol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Moorthy, Ramana S.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Eugene & Marilyn Glick Eye Inst, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Lum, F (reprint author), Fdn Amer Acad Ophthalmol, H Dunbar Hoskins Jr MD Ctr Qual Eye Care, 655 Beach St, San Francisco, CA 94109 USA. EM flum@aao.org NR 28 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1211 EP 1217 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.12.013 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 951JP UT WOS:000304717100017 PM 22336630 ER PT J AU Johnson, B Gargiullo, P Murphy, TV Parashar, UD Patel, MM AF Johnson, Brian Gargiullo, Paul Murphy, Trudy V. Parashar, Umesh D. Patel, Manish M. TI Factors Associated With Bowel Resection Among Infants With Intussusception in the United States SO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE LA English DT Article DE intussusception; predictors; severity; surgery; resection ID CHILDREN; PREDICTORS; MANAGEMENT; REDUCTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Intussusception is the most common cause of infant bowel obstruction. Because delays in diagnosis can lead to severe outcomes, differentiating milder cases from those with potentially serious outcomes is important. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with bowel resection among intussusception cases using data from a large nationwide study, which investigated the association between intussusception and Rotashield. Methods: We examined characteristics of 376 intussusception cases not associated with Rotashield use. Cases were confirmed by a radiologic procedure, surgery, or autopsy. Clinical characteristics of infants with and without bowel resection were compared. Results: During the week before hospitalization, 93% of the 376 infants with intussusception had vomiting, 72% reported bloody stool, 63% had hemoccult positive stool, 51% had diarrhea, 43% reported fever, and 14% had documented fever. Surgery was performed on 209 cases (56%). Of these 209 cases, 33% (67/209) required bowel resection. Documented fever on admission significantly increased the risk of bowel resection (odds ratio, adjusted for race and sex, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.0). Among infants with intussusception, the presence of a reported symptom for at least 2 days before hospital admission was also an independent predictor of bowel resection (adjusted odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-4.8). Conclusions: Bowel resection appears to be more likely among intussusception patients with documented fever and symptoms for at least 2 days. However, because resection also occurred among those without fever or prolonged symptoms, severe disease must also be considered in absence of these symptoms. C1 [Johnson, Brian] Highland Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Oakland, CA USA. [Gargiullo, Paul; Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Team, MS-A47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aul3@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-5161 J9 PEDIATR EMERG CARE JI Pediatr. Emerg. Care PD JUN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 6 BP 529 EP 532 DI 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182587d12 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics SC Emergency Medicine; Pediatrics GA 955JP UT WOS:000305014700010 PM 22653458 ER PT J AU Robinson, S Averhoff, F Kiel, J Blaisdell, L Haber, M Sites, A Copeland, D AF Robinson, Sara Averhoff, Francisco Kiel, John Blaisdell, Laura Haber, Michael Sites, Anne Copeland, Daphne TI Pandemic Influenza A in Residential Summer Camps-Maine, 2009 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; Maine; summer camps; pandemic ID H1N1 VIRUS AB Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the preparedness for and response of Maine summer camps to the 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1 (pH1N1). Methods: We conducted a retrospective web-based survey of the Maine Youth Camping Foundation members at the end of the 2009 camping season. The outcome measures were responses to the pandemic including educational efforts, isolation practices and antiviral usages as well as percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed influenza outbreaks among Maine residential summer camps. Results: Of 107 residential camps queried, 91 (85%) responded. Although 43 (47%) of 91 camps reported cases of ILI, and 19 (21%) had outbreaks (ie, 3 or more confirmed cases of pH1N1), no respondents reported closing camps or canceling sessions. Most camps reported that they communicated with campers' families about pH1N1 and implemented control measures, including educating campers and staff about symptoms, isolating ill campers and staff, encouraging increased hand washing and hygiene practices and increasing the availability of hand sanitizers. Of the 43 camps with cases of ILI or laboratory-confirmed pH1N1, 25 (58%) used antiviral medication for treatment, and 18 (42%) used antiviral medications for prophylaxis; antiviral practices varied among camps. Conclusions: Summer camps in Maine were in general well prepared for pH1N1. Most camps followed public health guidance and implemented preventive measures. Many camps experienced ILI and outbreaks during the season, but did not report major disruptions. Camps should review their preparedness and disease control plans annually and public health authorities should keep guidance and recommendations simple and consistent. C1 [Robinson, Sara; Sites, Anne] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME USA. [Averhoff, Francisco; Copeland, Daphne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kiel, John; Haber, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Blaisdell, Laura] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Fayette, ME USA. [Blaisdell, Laura] Camp Winnebago, Fayette, ME USA. RP Robinson, S (reprint author), Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Epidemol Program, 286 Water St,8th Floor, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. EM sara.robinson@maine.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 6 BP 547 EP 550 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31824f8124 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 950SH UT WOS:000304668700003 PM 22414902 ER PT J AU Garg, S Finelli, L Fry, A AF Garg, Shikha Finelli, Lyn Fry, Alicia TI Antiviral Treatment for Children With Influenza What's the Evidence? Reply SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT COMPLICATIONS; UNITED-STATES; OSELTAMIVIR TREATMENT; INFECTION; MORTALITY; DEATHS; TRIAL; RISK C1 [Garg, Shikha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garg, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 6 BP 662 EP 662 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318255daa1 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 950SH UT WOS:000304668700037 ER PT J AU May, AL Kuklina, EV Yoon, PW AF May, Ashleigh L. Kuklina, Elena V. Yoon, Paula W. TI Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among US Adolescents, 1999-2008 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease; obesity; risk factors; adolescent; clustering ID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; BODY-MASS INDEX; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG FINNS; CHILDREN; HYPERTENSION; PREVENTION AB OBJECTIVE: Overweight and obesity during adolescence are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The objective of this study was to examine the recent trends in the prevalence of selected biological CVD risk factors and the prevalence of these risk factors by overweight/obesity status among US adolescents. METHODS: The NHANES is a cross-sectional, stratified, multistage probability sample survey of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population. The study sample included 3383 participants aged 12 to 19 years from the 1999 through 2008 NHANES. RESULTS: Among the US adolescents aged 12 to 19 years, the overall prevalence was 14% for prehypertension/hypertension, 22% for borderline-high/high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 6% for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<35 mg/dL), and 15% for prediabetes/diabetes during the survey period from 1999 to 2008. No significant change in the prevalence of prehypertension/hypertension (17% and 13%) and borderline-high/high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (23% and 19%) was observed from 1999-2000 to 2007-2008, but the prevalence of prediabetes/diabetes increased from 9% to 23%. A consistent dose-response increase in the prevalence of each of these CVD risk factors was observed by weight categories: the estimated 37%, 49%, and 61% of the overweight, obese, and normal-weight adolescents, respectively, had at least 1 of these CVD risk factors during the 1999 through 2008 study period. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this national study indicate that US adolescents carry a substantial burden of CVD risk factors, especially those youth who are overweight or obese. Pediatrics 2012; 129: 1035-1041 C1 [May, Ashleigh L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kuklina, Elena V.; Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP May, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 31 TC 128 Z9 130 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP 1035 EP 1041 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1082 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 951FT UT WOS:000304707000037 PM 22614778 ER PT J AU Bugenske, E Stokley, S Kennedy, A Dorell, C AF Bugenske, Erin Stokley, Shannon Kennedy, Allison Dorell, Christina TI Middle School Vaccination Requirements and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccination; adolescents; middle school vaccine requirements ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; LAWS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ENFORCEMENT; MANDATE; NURSES AB OBJECTIVE: To determine if middle school vaccination requirements are associated with higher coverage for adolescent vaccines. METHODS: School entry requirements for receipt of vaccination for school entry or education of parents for 3 vaccines recommended for adolescents: tetanus/diphtheria-containing (Td) or tetanus/diphtheria/acellular pertussis (TdaP), meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY), and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in place for the 2008-2009 school year were reviewed for the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Vaccination coverage levels for adolescents 13 to 17 years of age by state requirement status and change in coverage from 2008 to 2009 were assessed by using the 2008-2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen. RESULTS: For the 2008-2009 school year, 32 states had requirements for Td/TdaP (14 specifically requiring TdaP) and none required education; 3 states required MenACWY vaccine and 10 others required education; and 1 state required HPV vaccine and 5 required education. Compared with states with no requirements, vaccination requirements were associated with significantly higher coverage for MenACWY (71% vs 53%, P<.001) and Td/TdaP (80% vs 70%, P<.001) vaccines. No association was found between education-only requirements and coverage levels for MenACWY and HPV vaccines. States with new 2008-2009 vaccination requirements (n = 6, P = .04) and states with preexisting vaccination requirements (n = 26, P = .02) for Td/TdaP experienced a significant increase in TdaP coverage over states with no requirements. CONCLUSIONS: Middle school vaccination requirements are associated with higher coverage for Td/TdaP and MenACWY vaccines, whereas education-only requirements do not appear to increase coverage levels for MenACWY or HPV vaccines. The impact on coverage should continue to be monitored as more states adopt requirements. Pediatrics 2012; 129: 1056-1063 C1 [Bugenske, Erin; Stokley, Shannon; Kennedy, Allison; Dorell, Christina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bugenske, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM icw6@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP 1056 EP 1063 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2641 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 951FT UT WOS:000304707000040 PM 22566425 ER PT J AU Kempe, A Barrow, J Stokley, S Saville, A Glazner, JE Suh, C Federico, S Abrams, L Seewald, L Beaty, B Daley, MF Dickinson, LM AF Kempe, Allison Barrow, Jennifer Stokley, Shannon Saville, Alison Glazner, Judith E. Suh, Christina Federico, Steven Abrams, Lisa Seewald, Laura Beaty, Brenda Daley, Matthew F. Dickinson, L. Miriam TI Effectiveness and Cost of Immunization Recall at School-Based Health Centers SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; adolescent immunization; school-based health centers ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; ADOLESCENT IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNDERIMMUNIZED CHILDREN; PRACTICES ACIP; PRIMARY-CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; QUALITY; DISPARITIES AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Effectiveness of recall for immunizations has not been examined in the setting of school-based health centers (SBHCs). We assessed (1) immunization rates achieved with recall among sixth-grade girls (demonstration study); (2) effectiveness of recall among sixth-grade boys (randomized controlled trial [RCT]); and (3) cost of conducting recall in SBHCs. METHODS: During October 2008 through March 2009, in 4 Denver public SBHCs, we conducted (1) a demonstration study among 265 girls needing >= 1 recommended adolescent vaccine and (2) an RCT among 264 boys needing vaccines, with half randomized to recall and half receiving usual care. Immunization rates for recommended adolescent vaccines were assessed 6 months after recall. First dose costs were assessed by direct observation and examining invoices. RESULTS: At the end of the demonstration study, 77% of girls had received >= 1 vaccine and 45% had received all needed adolescent vaccines. Rates of receipt among those needing each of the vaccines were 68% (160/236) for tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, 57% (142/248) for quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and 59% (149/253) for the first human papillomavirus vaccine. At the end of the RCT, 66% of recalled boys had received >= 1 vaccine and 59% had received all study vaccines, compared with 45% and 36%, respectively, of the control group (P < .001). Cost of conducting recall ranged from $1.12 to $6.87 per recalled child immunized. CONCLUSIONS: SBHC-based recall was effective in improving immunization rates for all adolescent vaccines, with effects sizes exceeding those achieved with younger children in practice settings. Pediatrics 2012;129:e1446-e1452 C1 [Kempe, Allison; Suh, Christina; Federico, Steven; Daley, Matthew F.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Family Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Glazner, Judith E.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Beaty, Brenda; Daley, Matthew F.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Barrow, Jennifer; Saville, Alison; Suh, Christina; Seewald, Laura; Beaty, Brenda; Daley, Matthew F.; Dickinson, L. Miriam] Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Federico, Steven; Abrams, Lisa] Denver Hlth, Sch Based Hlth Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Kempe, A (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, 13199 E Montview Blvd,Suite 300, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM allison.kempe@childrenscolorado.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Protection [3U01P000129-02W1] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Protection, grant 3U01P000129-02W1: Evaluation of vaccination reminder/recall systems for adolescent patients. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP E1446 EP E1452 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2921 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 951FT UT WOS:000304707000010 PM 22566414 ER PT J AU Suh, CA Saville, A Daley, MF Glazner, JE Barrow, J Stokley, S Dong, F Beaty, B Dickinson, LM Kempe, A AF Suh, Christina A. Saville, Alison Daley, Matthew F. Glazner, Judith E. Barrow, Jennifer Stokley, Shannon Dong, Fran Beaty, Brenda Dickinson, L. Miriam Kempe, Allison TI Effectiveness and Net Cost of Reminder/Recall for Adolescent Immunizations SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE reminder; recall; adolescents; immunizations ID UNDERIMMUNIZED CHILDREN; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HEALTH-INSURANCE; PRACTICES ACIP; RECALL; RECOMMENDATIONS; COVERAGE; VACCINES; CARE AB OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of reminder/recall (R/R) for immunizing adolescents in private pediatric practices and to describe the associated costs and revenues. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 4 private pediatric practices in metropolitan Denver. In each practice, 400 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years who had not received 1 or more targeted vaccinations (tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis, meningococcal conjugate, or first dose of human papillomavirus vaccine for female patients) were randomly selected and randomized to intervention (2 letters and 2 telephone calls) or control (usual care) groups. Primary outcomes were receipt of >1 targeted vaccines and receipt of all targeted vaccines 6 months postintervention. We calculated net additional revenue for each additional adolescent who received at least 1 targeted vaccine and for those who received all targeted vaccines. RESULTS: Eight hundred adolescents were randomized to the intervention and 800 to the control group. Baseline rates of having already received tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis, meningococcal conjugate, and first dose of human papillomavirus vaccine before R/R ranged from 33% to 54%. Postintervention, the intervention group had significantly higher proportions of receipt of at least 1 targeted vaccine (47.1% vs 34.6%, P < .0001) and receipt of all targeted vaccines (36.2% vs 25.2%, P < .0001) compared with the control group. Three practices had positive net revenues from R/R; 1 showed net losses. CONCLUSIONS: R/R was successful at increasing immunization rates in adolescents and effect sizes were comparable to those in younger children. Practices conducting R/R may benefit financially if they can generate additional well-child care visits and keep supply costs low. Pediatrics 2012;129:e1437-e1445 C1 [Suh, Christina A.; Saville, Alison; Daley, Matthew F.; Barrow, Jennifer; Dong, Fran; Beaty, Brenda; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Suh, Christina A.; Daley, Matthew F.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.; Beaty, Brenda; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Denver, CO USA. [Glazner, Judith E.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Suh, CA (reprint author), 13199 Montview Blvd,Suite 300, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM christina.suh@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U01IP000129-02W1] FX Funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (3U01IP000129-02W1) to the University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP E1437 EP E1445 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1714 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 951FT UT WOS:000304707000009 PM 22566415 ER PT J AU Nichols, EK Nichols, JS Selwyn, BJ Coello-Gomez, C Parkerson, GR Brown, EL Day, RS AF Nichols, Erin K. Nichols, Joseph S. Selwyn, Beatrice J. Coello-Gomez, Carol Parkerson, George R. Brown, Eric L. Day, R. Sue TI Implications of the WHO Child Growth Standards in rural Honduras SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Child health; Nutrition; Global health ID MALNUTRITION; PROGRAMS AB Objective: The present study analysed the impact of using the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards ('the WHO standards') compared with the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference ('the NCHS reference') on the calculated prevalence of chronic malnutrition in children aged 6.0-59.9 months. Design: Anthropometric data were collected as part of a cross-sectional study exploring the association between household environments and nutritional status of children. Z-scores were computed for height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ) using each reference/standard. Results were compared using Bland-Altman plots, percentage agreement, kappa statistics, line graphs and proportion of children in Z-score categories. Setting: The study was conducted in thirteen rural villages within Honduras's department of Intibuca. Subjects: Children aged 6.0-59.9 months were the focus of the analysis, and households with children in this age range served as the sampling unit for the study. Results: The WHO standards yielded lower means for HAZ and higher means for WAZ and WHZ compared with the NCHS reference. The WHO standards and NCHS reference showed good agreement between Z-score categories, except for HAZ among males aged 24.0-35.9 months and WHZ among males aged >24.0 months. Using the WHO standards resulted in higher proportions of stunting (low HAZ) and overweight (high WHZ) and lower proportions of underweight (low WAZ). The degree of difference among these measures varied by age and gender. Conclusions: The choice of growth reference/standard employed in nutritional surveys may have important methodological and policy implications. While ostensibly comparable, data on nutritional indicators derived with different growth references/standards must be interpreted cautiously. C1 [Nichols, Erin K.; Selwyn, Beatrice J.; Brown, Eric L.; Day, R. Sue] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Nichols, Joseph S.; Coello-Gomez, Carol; Parkerson, George R.] Baylor Coll Med, Shoulder Shoulder Fdn, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Nichols, EK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3311 Toledo Rd,MS P08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM igd1@cdc.gov FU University of Texas; University of Texas School of Public Health, Rice University Engineers Without Borders; Baylor College of Medicine Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation FX This work was supported by The University of Texas School of Public Health Student Association Field Activities Award, the laboratory of Eric L. Brown, PhD at The University of Texas School of Public Health, Rice University Engineers Without Borders, and the Baylor College of Medicine Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation. This study was conducted as part of the primary author's doctoral dissertation work. There are no conflicts of interest to report among the other authors. The primary author, E.K.N., served as the principal investigator of the study; J.S.N. contributed to study design, data collection, data management and review of the manuscript; B.J.S., E.L.B. and R.S.D. provided guidance on study design, data analysis and review of the manuscript; G.R.P. provided guidance on study design and review of the manuscript:, as well as serving as a liaison to the community in which the study took place; and C.C.-G. provided guidance on study design and review of the manuscript, assisted with data collection, and served as a community liaison. The authors thank Rosa Contreras from the Baylor College of Medicine Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation and Arturo Gomez for their assistance in coordinating the study. The authors also thank Katie Lopez from the University of Michigan School of Social Work and Rebecca Bryson from The University of Texas School of Public Health for their assistance with data collection and management, and Brian Alva and Jessica Spillane of the US Peace Corps for their assistance with data collection. Finally, the authors are grateful to the citizens of Intibuca for their time and generous hospitality. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 6 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1017/S1368980011003570 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 951TF UT WOS:000304742200010 PM 22251429 ER PT J AU Manger, RP Hertel, NE Burgett, EA Ansari, A AF Manger, R. P. Hertel, N. E. Burgett, E. A. Ansari, A. TI Using handheld plastic scintillator detectors to triage individuals exposed to a radiological dispersal device SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB After a radiological dispersal device (RDD) event, people could become internally contaminated by inhaling dispersed radioactive particles. A rapid method to screen individuals who are internally contaminated is desirable. Such initial screening can help in prompt identification of those who are highly contaminated and in prioritising individuals for further and more definitive evaluation such as laboratory testing. The use of handheld plastic scintillators to rapidly screen those exposed to an RDD with gamma-emitting radionuclides was investigated in this study. The Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code was used to model two commercially available plastic scintillation detectors in conjunction with anthropomorphic phantom models to determine the detector response to inhaled radionuclides. Biokinetic models were used to simulate an inhaled radionuclide and its progression through the anthropomorphic phantoms up to 30 d after intake. The objective of the study was to see if internal contamination levels equivalent to 250 mSv committed effective dose equivalent could be detected using these instruments. Five radionuclides were examined: Co-60, Cs-137, Ir-192, I-131 and Am-241. The results demonstrate that all of the radionuclides except Am-241 could be detected when placing either one of the two plastic scintillator detector systems on the posterior right torso of the contaminated individuals. C1 [Manger, R. P.; Hertel, N. E.; Burgett, E. A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Manger, RP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 545 Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM mangerrp@ornl.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and prevention; TKC Integration Services FX This work was supported in part by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention through contract with TKC Integration Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 150 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1093/rpd/ncr367 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 952ZR UT WOS:000304835900012 PM 22128361 ER PT J AU Sallis, JF McKenzie, TL Beets, MW Beighle, A Erwin, H Lee, S AF Sallis, James F. McKenzie, Thomas L. Beets, Michael W. Beighle, Aaron Erwin, Heather Lee, Sarah TI Physical Education's Role in Public Health: Steps Forward and Backward Over 20 Years and HOPE for the Future SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Article DE childhood obesity; health promotion; physical activity; policy ID SCHOOL GIRLS; MIDDLE; DISSEMINATION; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; CHILDREN; INCREASE; SPARK; TRIAL AB The 1991 paper, "Physical Education's Role in Public Health" described the importance of physical education in addressing public health problems. On its 20th anniversary, this article reviews accomplishments in improving the health impact of physical education and identifies areas lacking progress. Major accomplishments include development of evidence-based programs, documentation of health and academic benefits of physical education, and acceptance of physical education as a public health resource. Additional work is needed to evaluate the uptake of evidence-based programs, improve national surveillance of physical education quantity and quality, establish stronger policies supporting active physical education, and achieve wide acceptance of public health goals within the physical education field. These opportunities constitute an agenda for actualizing the promise of Health-Optimizing Physical Education before the next 20-year anniversary. C1 [Sallis, James F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [McKenzie, Thomas L.] San Diego State Univ, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Beets, Michael W.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Exercise Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Erwin, Heather] Univ Kentucky, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Promot, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Lee, Sarah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sallis, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 3900 5th Ave,Suite 310, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM jsallis@ucsd.edu FU School Specialty, Inc.; The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX James Sallis and Thomas McKenzie receive royalties from SPARK Programs of School Specialty, Inc., which markets SPARK and M-SPAN programs. McKenzie was also a contributor to the CATCH and TAAG physical education programs. James Sallis's contributions were supported in part by Active Living Research, a program of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors thank James R. Morrow, Jr., Michael Metzler, and Hans Nun der Mars for their thoughtful and helpful comments on an earlier draft At the time of this study, the first author was with San Diego State University. Please address correspondence concerning this article to James F. Sallis, Distinguished Professor of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 3900 Fifth Avenue, Suite 310, San Diego, CA 92103. NR 60 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD JUN PY 2012 VL 83 IS 2 BP 125 EP 135 PG 11 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 955WF UT WOS:000305050900001 PM 22808697 ER PT J AU Robinson, BE Galbraith, JS Lund, SM Hamilton, AR Shankle, MD AF Robinson, Beatrice Bean E. Galbraith, Jennifer S. Lund, Sharon M. Hamilton, Autumn R. Shankle, Michael D. TI THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF A COMMUNITY-LEVEL, EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTION FOR HIV-POSITIVE AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN TWO CITIES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; RISK REDUCTION; PREVENTION; IMPLEMENTATION; FIDELITY; LESSONS; POPULATIONS; DIFFUSION; SETTINGS; HIV/AIDS AB We describe the process of adapting a community-level, evidence-based behavioral intervention (EBI), Community PROMISE, for HIV-positive African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Map of the Adaptation Process (MAP) guided the adaptation process for this new target population by two community-based organizations (CBOs) working in partnership with two research organizations. We describe five steps of the MAP, assessment, selection, preparation, pilot, and implementation, and the use of qualitative interviews, field observations, and a cross-sectional survey. We recommend: (1) development of a centralized interactive website, listserv, or other resources where agencies adapting EBIs can share tools, materials, experiences, lessons learned, and best practices; (2) strengthening Funding Opportunity Announcements by funding incrementally in phases linked to the MAP; and (3) research should examine (a) whether EBIs adapted by CBOs remain efficacious and (b) the best "fit" between the cultural and climate characteristics of effective collaborations between community- and research-based organizations. C1 [Robinson, Beatrice Bean E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Program Human Sexual, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Galbraith, Jennifer S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lund, Sharon M.] Global Publ Hlth Innovat Inc, St Paul, MN USA. [Hamilton, Autumn R.] Minnesota State Univ, Mankato, MN USA. [Shankle, Michael D.] HealthHIV, Washington, DC USA. RP Robinson, BE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Program Human Sexual, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, W Bank Off Bldg,1300 S 2nd St,Suite 180, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM brobinson@umphysi-cians.umn.edu FU PHS HHS [U65/CCU523908, U65/CCU123910] NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 3 BP 206 EP 227 PG 22 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 951RF UT WOS:000304737000002 PM 22676461 ER PT J AU Cavanaugh, JS Powell, K Renwick, OJ Davis, KL Hilliard, A Benjamin, C Mitruka, K AF Cavanaugh, Joseph S. Powell, Krista Renwick, Ozzie J. Davis, Kevin L. Hilliard, Aaron Benjamin, Cynthia Mitruka, Kiren TI An Outbreak of Tuberculosis Among Adults With Mental Illness SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; HIV; ILL; PEOPLE; RISK C1 [Cavanaugh, Joseph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. Duval Cty Hlth Dept, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Cavanaugh, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hgi7@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 169 IS 6 BP 569 EP 575 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11081311 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 948PK UT WOS:000304514900006 PM 22684593 ER PT J AU Espinel-Ingroff, A Chowdhary, A Cuenca-Estrella, M Fothergill, A Fuller, J Hagen, F Govender, N Guarro, J Johnson, E Lass-Florl, C Lockhart, SR Martins, MA Meis, JF Melhem, MSC Ostrosky-Zeichner, L Pelaez, T Pfaller, MA Schell, WA Trilles, L Kidd, S Turnidge, J AF Espinel-Ingroff, A. Chowdhary, A. Cuenca-Estrella, M. Fothergill, A. Fuller, J. Hagen, F. Govender, N. Guarro, J. Johnson, E. Lass-Floerl, C. Lockhart, S. R. Martins, M. A. Meis, J. F. Melhem, M. S. C. Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. Pelaez, T. Pfaller, M. A. Schell, W. A. Trilles, L. Kidd, S. Turnidge, J. TI Cryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii Species Complex: an International Study of Wild-Type Susceptibility Endpoint Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Amphotericin B and Flucytosine SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID METHOD M38-A2 DOCUMENT; IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITY; MIC DISTRIBUTIONS; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITIES; ASPERGILLUS SPP.; UNITED-STATES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; CLINICAL IMPACT; MECHANISMS; GENOTYPE AB Clinical breakpoints (CBPs) are not available for the Cryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii species complex. MIC distributions were constructed for the wild type (WT) to establish epidemiologic cutoff values (ECVs) for C. neoformans and C. gattii versus amphotericin B and flucytosine. A total of 3,590 amphotericin B and 3,045 flucytosine CLSI MICs for C. neoformans (including 1,002 VNI isolates and 8 to 39 VNII, VNIII, and VNIV isolates) and 985 and 853 MICs for C. gattii, respectively (including 42 to 259 VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV isolates), were gathered in 9 to 16 (amphotericin B) and 8 to 13 (flucytosine) laboratories (Europe, United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, and South Africa) and aggregated for the analyses. Additionally, 442 amphotericin B and 313 flucytosine MICs measured by using CLSI-YNB medium instead of CLSI-RPMI medium and 237 Etest amphotericin B MICs for C. neoformans were evaluated. CLSI-RPMI ECVs for distributions originating in >= 3 laboratories (with the percentages of isolates for which MICs were less than or equal to ECVs given in parentheses) were as follows: for amphotericin B, 0.5 mu g/ml for C. neoformans VNI (97.2%) and C. gattii VGI and VGIIa (99.2 and 97.5%, respectively) and 1 mu g/ml for C. neoformans (98.5%) and C. gattii nontyped (100%) and VGII (99.2%) isolates; for flucytosine, 4 mu g/ml for C. gattii nontyped (96.4%) and VGI (95.7%) isolates, 8 mu g/ml for VNI (96.6%) isolates, and 16 mu g/ml for C. neoformans nontyped (98.6%) and C. gattii VGII (97.1%) isolates. Other molecular types had apparent variations in MIC distributions, but the number of laboratories contributing data was too low to allow us to ascertain that the differences were due to factors other than assay variation. ECVs may aid in the detection of isolates with acquired resistance mechanisms. C1 [Espinel-Ingroff, A.] VCU Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. [Chowdhary, A.] Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Delhi 110007, India. [Cuenca-Estrella, M.] Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Serv Micol, Pozuelo, Spain. [Fothergill, A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Fuller, J.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Hagen, F.; Meis, J. F.] Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Govender, N.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Guarro, J.] URV, IISPV, Fac Med, Reus, Spain. [Johnson, E.] HPA Mycol Reference Lab, Bristol, Avon, England. [Lass-Floerl, C.] Innsbruck Med Univ, Innsbruck, Austria. [Lockhart, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martins, M. A.; Melhem, M. S. C.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Publ Hlth Reference Ctr, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martins, M. A.; Melhem, M. S. C.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Publ Hlth Reference Ctr, Rio Claro, Brazil. [Meis, J. F.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Pelaez, T.] Univ Complutense, Fac Med, Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Pfaller, M. A.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Schell, W. A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Trilles, L.] Fiocruz MS, Inst Pesquisa Clin Evandro Chagas, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Kidd, S.; Turnidge, J.] Womens & Childrens Hosp, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Turnidge, J.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Espinel-Ingroff, A (reprint author), VCU Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. EM avingrof@vcu.edu RI Kidd, Sarah/A-1731-2009; Meis, Jacques/A-9241-2010; Kidd, Sarah/N-1362-2013; Hagen, Ferry/B-9044-2009; MELHEM, MARCIA/D-4477-2012; OI Kidd, Sarah/0000-0002-5957-4178; Meis, Jacques/0000-0003-3253-6080; Kidd, Sarah/0000-0002-5957-4178; Hagen, Ferry/0000-0002-5622-1916; MELHEM, MARCIA/0000-0002-1335-8808; Chowdhary, Anuradha/0000-0002-2028-7462; Guarro, Josep/0000-0002-7839-7568 NR 51 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3107 EP 3113 DI 10.1128/AAC.06252-11 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 947LZ UT WOS:000304432800044 PM 22391546 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G Rickert, R Taylor, J Zhao, S Fedorka-Cray, PJ Whichard, J McDermott, P AF Folster, Jason P. Pecic, G. Rickert, R. Taylor, J. Zhao, S. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Whichard, J. McDermott, P. TI Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg from a Ground Turkey-Associated Outbreak in the United States in 2011 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID PLASMIDS C1 [Folster, Jason P.; Pecic, G.; Rickert, R.; Taylor, J.; Whichard, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhao, S.; McDermott, P.] US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. [Fedorka-Cray, P. J.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 56 IS 6 BP 3465 EP 3466 DI 10.1128/AAC.00201-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 947LZ UT WOS:000304432800101 PM 22450975 ER PT J AU Litwin, AH Smith, BD Drainoni, ML McKee, D Gifford, AL Koppelman, E Christiansen, CL Weinbaum, CM Southern, WN AF Litwin, Alain H. Smith, Bryce D. Drainoni, Mari-Lynn McKee, Diane Gifford, Allen L. Koppelman, Elisa Christiansen, Cindy L. Weinbaum, Cindy M. Southern, William N. TI Primary care-based interventions are associated with increases in hepatitis C virus testing for patients at risk SO DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Chronic hepatitis C; HCV; Primary care; Public health; Screening ID GENOTYPE 1 INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; SCREENING-PROGRAM; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; PEGINTERFERON; MANAGEMENT; PHYSICIANS; HIV; SEROPREVALENCE; PREVALENCE AB Background: An estimated 3.2 million persons are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the U.S. Effective treatment is available, but approximately 50% of patients are not aware that they are infected. Optimal testing strategies have not been described. Methods: The Hepatitis C Assessment and Testing Project (HepCAT) was a serial cross-sectional evaluation of two community-based interventions designed to increase HCV testing in urban primary care clinics in comparison with a baseline period. The first intervention (risk-based screener) prompted physicians to order HCV tests based on the presence of HCV-related risks. The second intervention (birth cohort) prompted physicians to order HCV tests on all patients born within a high-prevalence birth cohort (1945-1964). The study was conducted at three primary care clinics in the Bronx, New York. Results: Both interventions were associated with an increased proportion of patients tested for HCV from 6.0% at baseline to 13.1% during the risk-based screener period (P<0.001) and 9.9% during the birth cohort period (P<0.001). Conclusions: Two simple clinical reminder interventions were associated with significantly increased HCV testing rates. Our findings suggest that HCV screening programs, using either a risk-based or birth cohort strategy, should be adopted in primary care settings so that HCV-infected patients may benefit from antiviral treatment. (C) 2011 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Litwin, Alain H.; Southern, William N.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Med, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Litwin, Alain H.; Southern, William N.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Southern, William N.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Div Hosp Med, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [McKee, Diane] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Smith, Bryce D.; Weinbaum, Cindy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Gifford, Allen L.; Koppelman, Elisa; Christiansen, Cindy L.] Boston Univ, Hlth Policy & Management Dept, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Gifford, Allen L.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Gen Internal Med Sect, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Gifford, Allen L.; Koppelman, Elisa; Christiansen, Cindy L.] ENRM Vet Adm Hosp, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Hines, IL USA. RP Litwin, AH (reprint author), Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Med, Albert Einstein Coll Med, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM alitwin@montefiore.org OI Christiansen, Cindy/0000-0001-9951-480X FU Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via the AHRQ ACTION initiative; Clinical Investigation Core of the Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center; National Institutes of Health NIH [P30 AI51519]; NIDA [K23 DA022454]; CTSA from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1 RR025750, KL2 RR025749, TL1 RR025748] FX The project was funded by the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via the AHRQ ACTION initiative to Boston University, contract HHSA2902006000012 T0#4. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of AHRQ. The study and investigators were also funded by the Clinical Investigation Core of the Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, funded by the National Institutes of Health NIH P30 AI51519, NIDA K23 DA022454, and the CTSA Grant UL1 RR025750 and KL2 RR025749 and TL1 RR025748 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NR 42 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1590-8658 J9 DIGEST LIVER DIS JI Dig. Liver Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 6 BP 497 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.dld.2011.12.014 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 950DX UT WOS:000304630700010 PM 22342471 ER PT J AU Denniston, MM Klevens, RM McQuillan, GM Jiles, RB AF Denniston, Maxine M. Klevens, R. Monina McQuillan, Geraldine M. Jiles, Ruth B. TI Awareness of infection, knowledge of hepatitis C, and medical follow-up among individuals testing positive for hepatitis C: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008 SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS-INFECTION; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; IDENTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; LIVER; US AB Many persons infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are unknown to the healthcare system because they may be asymptomatic for years, have not been tested for HCV infection, and only seek medical care when they develop liver-related complications. We analyzed data from persons who tested positive for past or current HCV infection during participation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 through 2008. A follow-up survey was conducted 6 months after examination to determine (1) how many participants testing positive for HCV infection were aware of their HCV status before being notified by NHANES, (2) what actions participants took after becoming aware of their first positive test, and (3) participants' knowledge about hepatitis C. Of 30,140 participants tested, 393 (1.3%) had evidence of past or current HCV infection and 170 (43%) could be contacted during the follow-up survey and interviewed. Only 49.7% were aware of their positive HCV infection status before being notified by NHANES, and only 3.7% of these respondents reported that they had first been tested for HCV because they or their doctor thought they were at risk for infection. Overall, 85.4% had heard of hepatitis C; correct responses to questions about hepatitis C were higher among persons 40-59 years of age, white non-Hispanics, and respondents who saw a physician after their first positive HCV test. Eighty percent of respondents indicated they had seen a doctor about their first positive HCV test result. Conclusion: These data indicate that fewer than half of those infected with HCV may be aware of their infection. The findings suggest that more intensive efforts are needed to identify and test persons at risk for HCV infection. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;55:16521661) C1 [Denniston, Maxine M.; Klevens, R. Monina; Jiles, Ruth B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McQuillan, Geraldine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Denniston, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmd1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 17 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 1652 EP 1661 DI 10.1002/hep.25556 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 948VF UT WOS:000304530200003 PM 22213025 ER PT J AU Espinoza, L Hall, HI Hu, XH AF Espinoza, Lorena Hall, H. Irene Hu, Xiaohong TI Diagnoses of HIV Infection Among Hispanics/Latinos in 40 States and Puerto Rico, 2006-2009 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; Hispanic; region ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; FOREIGN-BORN; MEDICAL-CARE; RISK; AIDS; ADULTS; MEXICAN; BEHAVIORS; COMMUNITY AB Background: In the United States, Hispanics are disproportionately affected by HIV infection. However, Hispanic subgroups of varied national origin differ culturally and HIV may impact them differently. Methods: We used information on Hispanics/Latinos diagnosed with HIV during 2006-2009 in 40 states and Puerto Rico, and aged >= 13 years, reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through June 2010, to examine the distribution of disease by selected characteristics, including place of birth and place of residence at diagnosis. We used Poisson regression to calculate the estimated annual percent change in the rate of HIV diagnoses and estimated prevalence ratios of a short HIV-to-AIDS interval (AIDS diagnosis within 12 months of HIV diagnosis). Analyses were adjusted for reporting delays and missing risk factor information. Results: During 2006-2009, HIV infection was diagnosed among 33,498 Hispanics/Latinos. From 2006 to 2009, the annual rate of diagnoses decreased among Hispanics/Latinos [estimated annual percent change = -4.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -6.5 to -2.0) including men (-2.8%; 95% CI = -5.2 to -0.4) and women (-9.8%; 95% CI = -13.2 to -6.3). The rate of HIV diagnosis remained stable by place of birth but decreased among Puerto Ricans (-13.1%; 95% CI = -17.0 to -9.0). Among Hispanics/Latinos, a short HIV-to-AIDS interval was more common in nonurban areas than in urban areas. Discussion: Diagnosis of HIV infection among Hispanics/Latinos decreased and HIV-to-AIDS intervals varied by place of birth and area of residence. To continue to decrease the incidence of HIV infection among Hispanics, prevention programs need to address cultural and regional differences. C1 [Espinoza, Lorena; Hall, H. Irene; Hu, Xiaohong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Espinoza, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lespinoza@cdc.gov FU CDC FX In support of these efforts, the CDC has broadened its expanded HIV testing program to include Hispanics and to fund a variety of programs that direct prevention and treatment services to Hispanic populations. The programs will enhance capacity building assistance services delivered to community-based organizations and community stakeholders providing HIV prevention services, support the development and implementation of effective community-based HIV prevention programs, and build partnerships with leading national Hispanic organizations to help fight the HIV among Hispanics. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 60 IS 2 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31824d9a29 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 947NL UT WOS:000304436600024 PM 22334071 ER PT J AU Kemper, AR Wallace, DK Zhang, XZ Patel, N Crews, JE AF Kemper, Alex R. Wallace, David K. Zhang, Xinzhi Patel, Nita Crews, John E. TI Uncorrected Distance Visual Impairment Among Adolescents in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Purpose: To describe uncorrected distance visual impairment (VI). Methods: We conducted an analysis of the 3,555 adolescents aged 12 through 21 years who participated in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Distance VI was defined as 20/40 or worse in the better-seeing eye. Data were weighted to represent the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Results: Overall, 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.7%-14.1%) had distance VI, which was correctable to 20/30 or better in both eyes in 86.1% (95% CI: 83.6%-89.5%). The prevalence was higher among those who reported not having corrective lenses available (44.3%) compared with those who reported that they did not need them (8.5%) or who had them available (5.2%; p < .001). After adjusting for potential confounders, those who were 12 or 13 years of age had 2.27 (95% CI: 1.32-3.90) greater odds of distance VI than older adolescents, and the odds of distance VI were greater among non-Hispanic blacks (1.66 [95% CI: 1.11-2.48]), Hispanics (1.96 [95% CI: 1.35-2.84]), or other race/ethnicities (2.06 [95% CI: 1.19-3.57]) than among nonHispanic whites. Conclusions: More than 1 in 10 adolescents had uncorrected distance VI. To address this, interventions should address case detection, access to eye care, and adherence with corrective lenses. (C) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Wallace, David K.] Duke Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Zhang, Xinzhi; Crews, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Vis Hlth Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Nita] Prevent Blindness Amer, Chicago, IL USA. RP Kemper, AR (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Duke Clin Res Inst, 2400 Pratt St,Room 0311, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM alex.kemper@duke.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Prevent Blindness America [U58 DP001311] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement number U58 DP001311 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Prevent Blindness America. All individuals who have significantly contributed to the work are listed as authors. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 645 EP 647 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.10.012 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 950SG UT WOS:000304668600018 PM 22626494 ER PT J AU Jacobs, KB Yeager, M Zhou, WY Wacholder, S Wang, ZM Rodriguez-Santiago, B Hutchinson, A Deng, X Liu, CW Horner, MJ Cullen, M Epstein, CG Burdett, L Dean, MC Chatterjee, N Sampson, J Chung, CC Kovaks, J Gapstur, SM Stevens, VL Teras, LT Gaudet, MM Albanes, D Weinstein, SJ Virtamo, J Taylor, PR Freedman, ND Abnet, CC Goldstein, AM Hu, N Yu, K Yuan, JM Liao, LD Ding, T Qiao, YL Gao, YT Koh, WP Xiang, YB Tang, ZZ Fan, JH Aldrich, MC Amos, C Blot, WJ Bock, CH Gillanders, EM Harris, CC Haiman, CA Henderson, BE Kolonel, LN Le Marchand, L McNeill, LH Rybicki, BA Schwartz, AG Signorello, LB Spitz, MR Wiencke, JK Wrensch, M Wu, XF Zanetti, KA Ziegler, RG Figueroa, JD Garcia-Closas, M Malats, N Marenne, G Prokunina-Olsson, L Baris, D Schwenn, M Johnson, A Landi, MT Goldin, L Consonni, D Bertazzi, PA Rotunno, M Rajaraman, P Andersson, U Freeman, LEB Berg, CD Buring, JE Butler, MA Carreon, T Feychting, M Ahlbom, A Gaziano, JM Giles, GG Hallmans, G Hankinson, SE Hartge, P Henriksson, R Inskip, PD Johansen, C Landgren, A McKean-Cowdin, R Michaud, DS Melin, BS Peters, U Ruder, AM Sesso, HD Severi, G Shu, XO Visvanathan, K White, E Wolk, A Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A Zheng, W Silverman, DT Kogevinas, M Gonzalez, JR Villa, O Li, DH Duell, EJ Risch, HA Olson, SH Kooperberg, C Wolpin, BM Jiao, L Hassan, M Wheeler, W Arslan, AA Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB Fuchs, CS Gallinger, S Gross, MD Holly, EA Klein, AP LaCroix, A Mandelson, MT Petersen, G Boutron-Ruault, MC Bracci, PM Canzian, F Chang, K Cotterchio, M Giovannucci, EL Goggins, M Bolton, JAH Jenab, M Khaw, KT Krogh, V Kurtz, RC McWilliams, RR Mendelsohn, JB Rabe, KG Riboli, E Tjonneland, A Tobias, GS Trichopoulos, D Elena, JW Yu, H Amundadottir, L Stolzenberg-Solomon, RZ Kraft, P Schumacher, F Stram, D Savage, SA Mirabello, L Andrulis, IL Wunder, JS Garcia, AP Sierrasesumaga, L Barkauskas, DA Gorlick, RG Purdue, M Chow, WH Moore, LE Schwartz, KL Davis, FG Hsing, AW Berndt, SI Black, A Wentzensen, N Brinton, LA Lissowska, J Peplonska, B McGlynn, KA Cook, MB Graubard, BI Kratz, CP Greene, MH Erickson, RL Hunter, DJ Thomas, G Hoover, RN Real, FX Fraumeni, JF Caporaso, NE Tucker, M Rothman, N Perez-Jurado, LA Chanock, SJ AF Jacobs, Kevin B. Yeager, Meredith Zhou, Weiyin Wacholder, Sholom Wang, Zhaoming Rodriguez-Santiago, Benjamin Hutchinson, Amy Deng, Xiang Liu, Chenwei Horner, Marie-Josephe Cullen, Michael Epstein, Caroline G. Burdett, Laurie Dean, Michael C. Chatterjee, Nilanjan Sampson, Joshua Chung, Charles C. Kovaks, Joseph Gapstur, Susan M. Stevens, Victoria L. Teras, Lauren T. Gaudet, Mia M. Albanes, Demetrius Weinstein, Stephanie J. Virtamo, Jarmo Taylor, Philip R. Freedman, Neal D. Abnet, Christian C. Goldstein, Alisa M. Hu, Nan Yu, Kai Yuan, Jian-Min Liao, Linda Ding, Ti Qiao, You-Lin Gao, Yu-Tang Koh, Woon-Puay Xiang, Yong-Bing Tang, Ze-Zhong Fan, Jin-Hu Aldrich, Melinda C. Amos, Christopher Blot, William J. Bock, Cathryn H. Gillanders, Elizabeth M. Harris, Curtis C. Haiman, Christopher A. Henderson, Brian E. Kolonel, Laurence N. Le Marchand, Loic McNeill, Lorna H. Rybicki, Benjamin A. Schwartz, Ann G. Signorello, Lisa B. Spitz, Margaret R. Wiencke, John K. Wrensch, Margaret Wu, Xifeng Zanetti, Krista A. Ziegler, Regina G. Figueroa, Jonine D. Garcia-Closas, Montserrat Malats, Nuria Marenne, Gaelle Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila Baris, Dalsu Schwenn, Molly Johnson, Alison Landi, Maria Teresa Goldin, Lynn Consonni, Dario Bertazzi, Pier Alberto Rotunno, Melissa Rajaraman, Preetha Andersson, Ulrika Freeman, Laura E. Beane Berg, Christine D. Buring, Julie E. Butler, Mary A. Carreon, Tania Feychting, Maria Ahlbom, Anders Gaziano, J. Michael Giles, Graham G. Hallmans, Goran Hankinson, Susan E. Hartge, Patricia Henriksson, Roger Inskip, Peter D. Johansen, Christoffer Landgren, Annelie McKean-Cowdin, Roberta Michaud, Dominique S. Melin, Beatrice S. Peters, Ulrike Ruder, Avima M. Sesso, Howard D. Severi, Gianluca Shu, Xiao-Ou Visvanathan, Kala White, Emily Wolk, Alicja Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne Zheng, Wei Silverman, Debra T. Kogevinas, Manolis Gonzalez, Juan R. Villa, Olaya Li, Donghui Duell, Eric J. Risch, Harvey A. Olson, Sara H. Kooperberg, Charles Wolpin, Brian M. Jiao, Li Hassan, Manal Wheeler, William Arslan, Alan A. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Fuchs, Charles S. Gallinger, Steven Gross, Myron D. Holly, Elizabeth A. Klein, Alison P. LaCroix, Andrea Mandelson, Margaret T. Petersen, Gloria Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Bracci, Paige M. Canzian, Federico Chang, Kenneth Cotterchio, Michelle Giovannucci, Edward L. Goggins, Michael Bolton, Judith A. Hoffman Jenab, Mazda Khaw, Kay-Tee Krogh, Vittorio Kurtz, Robert C. McWilliams, Robert R. Mendelsohn, Julie B. Rabe, Kari G. Riboli, Elio Tjonneland, Anne Tobias, Geoffrey S. Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Elena, Joanne W. Yu, Herbert Amundadottir, Laufey Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z. Kraft, Peter Schumacher, Fredrick Stram, Daniel Savage, Sharon A. Mirabello, Lisa Andrulis, Irene L. Wunder, Jay S. Patino Garcia, Ana Sierrasesumaga, Luis Barkauskas, Donald A. Gorlick, Richard G. Purdue, Mark Chow, Wong-Ho Moore, Lee E. Schwartz, Kendra L. Davis, Faith G. Hsing, Ann W. Berndt, Sonja I. Black, Amanda Wentzensen, Nicolas Brinton, Louise A. Lissowska, Jolanta Peplonska, Beata McGlynn, Katherine A. Cook, Michael B. Graubard, Barry I. Kratz, Christian P. Greene, Mark H. Erickson, Ralph L. Hunter, David J. Thomas, Gilles Hoover, Robert N. Real, Francisco X. Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr. Caporaso, Neil E. Tucker, Margaret Rothman, Nathaniel Perez-Jurado, Luis A. Chanock, Stephen J. TI Detectable clonal mosaicism and its relationship to aging and cancer SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; GENOMIC IMBALANCES; MAFFUCCI SYNDROME; OLLIER DISEASE; MUTATIONS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ASSOCIATION; ABERRATIONS; MECHANISMS; ANEUPLOIDY AB In an analysis of 31,717 cancer cases and 26,136 cancer-free controls from 13 genome-wide association studies, we observed large chromosomal abnormalities in a subset of clones in DNA obtained from blood or buccal samples. We observed mosaic abnormalities, either aneuploidy or copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity, of > 2 Mb in size in autosomes of 517 individuals (0.89%), with abnormal cell proportions of between 7% and 95%. In cancer-free individuals, frequency increased with age, from 0.23% under 50 years to 1.91% between 75 and 79 years (P = 4.8 x 10(-8)). Mosaic abnormalities were more frequent in individuals with solid tumors (0.97% versus 0.74% in cancer-free individuals; odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; P = 0.016), with stronger association with cases who had DNA collected before diagnosis or treatment (OR = 1.45; P = 0.0005). Detectable mosaicism was also more common in individuals for whom DNA was collected at least 1 year before diagnosis with leukemia compared to cancer-free individuals (OR = 35.4; P = 3.8 x 10(-11)). These findings underscore the time-dependent nature of somatic events in the etiology of cancer and potentially other late-onset diseases. C1 [Jacobs, Kevin B.; Yeager, Meredith; Zhou, Weiyin; Wacholder, Sholom; Wang, Zhaoming; Hutchinson, Amy; Deng, Xiang; Liu, Chenwei; Horner, Marie-Josephe; Cullen, Michael; Epstein, Caroline G.; Burdett, Laurie; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Sampson, Joshua; Chung, Charles C.; Kovaks, Joseph; Albanes, Demetrius; Weinstein, Stephanie J.; Taylor, Philip R.; Freedman, Neal D.; Abnet, Christian C.; Goldstein, Alisa M.; Hu, Nan; Yu, Kai; Liao, Linda; Ziegler, Regina G.; Figueroa, Jonine D.; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat; Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila; Baris, Dalsu; Landi, Maria Teresa; Goldin, Lynn; Rotunno, Melissa; Rajaraman, Preetha; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Hartge, Patricia; Inskip, Peter D.; Landgren, Annelie; Silverman, Debra T.; Mendelsohn, Julie B.; Tobias, Geoffrey S.; Amundadottir, Laufey; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z.; Savage, Sharon A.; Mirabello, Lisa; Purdue, Mark; Chow, Wong-Ho; Moore, Lee E.; Hsing, Ann W.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Black, Amanda; Wentzensen, Nicolas; Brinton, Louise A.; McGlynn, Katherine A.; Cook, Michael B.; Graubard, Barry I.; Kratz, Christian P.; Greene, Mark H.; Hoover, Robert N.; Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.; Caporaso, Neil E.; Tucker, Margaret; Rothman, Nathaniel; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. [Jacobs, Kevin B.; Yeager, Meredith; Zhou, Weiyin; Wang, Zhaoming; Hutchinson, Amy; Deng, Xiang; Liu, Chenwei; Cullen, Michael; Burdett, Laurie] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Rodriguez-Santiago, Benjamin; Villa, Olaya; Real, Francisco X.; Perez-Jurado, Luis A.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain. 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[Jiao, Li] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wheeler, William] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Arslan, Alan A.] NYU, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Arslan, Alan A.] NYU, Dept Environm Med, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Arslan, Alan A.] NYU, Inst Canc, New York, NY USA. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Gallinger, Steven; Andrulis, Irene L.; Wunder, Jay S.] Mt Sinai Hosp, Samuel Lunenfeld Res Inst, Fred A Litwin Ctr Canc Genet, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. [Gross, Myron D.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Holly, Elizabeth A.; Bracci, Paige M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Klein, Alison P.; Goggins, Michael] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mandelson, Margaret T.] Grp Hlth Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA USA. [Petersen, Gloria; Rabe, Kari G.] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Rochester, MN USA. [Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine] Univ Paris Sud, INSERM, Inst Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Canzian, Federico] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Canc Epidemiol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Chang, Kenneth] Univ Calif Irvine, Med Ctr, Comprehens Digest Dis Ctr, Orange, CA USA. [Cotterchio, Michelle] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Giovannucci, Edward L.; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Kraft, Peter; Hunter, David J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Goggins, Michael] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. 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[Schwartz, Kendra L.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI USA. [Davis, Faith G.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. [Lissowska, Jolanta] Inst Oncol, Warsaw, Poland. [Lissowska, Jolanta] Maria Sklodowska Curie Mem Canc Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. [Peplonska, Beata] Nofer Inst Occupat Med, Lodz, Poland. [Kratz, Christian P.] Hannover Med Sch, Klin Padiatr Hematol & Onkol, Zentrum Kinderheilkunde & Jugendmed, D-30623 Hannover, Germany. [Erickson, Ralph L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Thomas, Gilles] Univ Lyon 1, Ctr Leon Berard, F-69365 Lyon, France. [Real, Francisco X.] CNIO, Epithelial Carcinogenesis Grp, Madrid, Spain. RP Chanock, SJ (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. EM chanocks@mail.nih.gov RI Dean, Michael/G-8172-2012; Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012; Boutron Ruault, Marie-Christine/G-3705-2013; Boutron, Marie-Christine/K-8168-2013; Michaud, Dominique/I-5231-2014; Berg , Christine/K-1047-2014; Qiao, You-Lin/B-4139-2012; Patino-Garcia, Ana/I-4299-2012; Peplonska, Beata/F-6004-2010; Aldrich, Melinda/C-7783-2013; Cook, Michael/A-5641-2009; Gallinger, Steven/E-4575-2013; Andrulis, Irene/E-7267-2013; Tucker, Margaret/B-4297-2015; Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015; Abnet, Christian/C-4111-2015; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /F-3871-2015; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine/H-3936-2014; Brinton, Louise/G-7486-2015; Freedman, Neal/B-9741-2015; Malats, Nuria/H-7041-2015; Perez Jurado, Luis Alberto/M-7706-2015; Real Arribas, Francisco/H-5275-2015; Savage, Sharon/B-9747-2015; Krogh, Vittorio/K-2628-2016; Consonni, Dario/K-7943-2016; Amundadottir, Laufey/L-7656-2016; Tobias, Geoffrey/M-4135-2016; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017; bertazzi, pietro alberto/D-5039-2017; OI Dean, Michael/0000-0003-2234-0631; Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664; Qiao, You-Lin/0000-0001-6380-0871; Cook, Michael/0000-0002-0533-7302; Abnet, Christian/0000-0002-3008-7843; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /0000-0003-1033-2650; Brinton, Louise/0000-0003-3853-8562; Freedman, Neal/0000-0003-0074-1098; Malats, Nuria/0000-0003-2538-3784; Real Arribas, Francisco/0000-0001-9501-498X; Savage, Sharon/0000-0001-6006-0740; Krogh, Vittorio/0000-0003-0122-8624; Consonni, Dario/0000-0002-8935-3843; Amundadottir, Laufey/0000-0003-1859-8971; Tobias, Geoffrey/0000-0002-2878-8253; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; bertazzi, pietro alberto/0000-0003-3475-2449; Duell, Eric J/0000-0001-5256-0163; Rodriguez-Santiago, Benjamin/0000-0003-1167-3852; Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila/0000-0002-9622-2091; Liao, Linda/0000-0002-1923-5294; Lissowska, Jolanta/0000-0003-2695-5799; Yuan, Jian-Min/0000-0002-4620-3108; Giles, Graham/0000-0003-4946-9099; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne/0000-0001-9350-1303 FU Intramural Research Program; US National Institutes of Health (NIH), NCI [HHSN261200800001E] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program and by contract number HHSN261200800001E of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), NCI. Support for each contributing study is listed in the Supplementary Note. We thank C. Laurie and B. Weir for constructive discussion and a comparison of methodology and results for the GENEVA study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health or the Maryland Cancer Registry. NR 43 TC 169 Z9 170 U1 2 U2 61 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 44 IS 6 BP 651 EP U68 DI 10.1038/ng.2270 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 949BT UT WOS:000304551100011 PM 22561519 ER PT J AU Kuhn, L Bulterys, M AF Kuhn, Louise Bulterys, Marc TI Does maternal use of tenofovir during pregnancy affect growth of HIV-exposed uninfected infants? SO AIDS LA English DT Editorial Material DE bone; growth; HIV; perinatal; pregnancy; tenofovir ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; INFECTED MOTHERS; VIRUS-INFECTION; RHESUS MACAQUES; HEPATITIS-B; PREVENTION; BONE; ZIDOVUDINE; EMTRICITABINE C1 [Kuhn, Louise] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Kuhn, Louise] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS DGHA, Ctr Global Hlth, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bulterys, Marc] China Off, CDC Global AIDS Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Kuhn, L (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, Coll Phys & Surg, 630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM lk24@columbia.edu NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 9 BP 1167 EP 1169 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283536b5e PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 946PK UT WOS:000304364900013 PM 22592070 ER PT J AU Abel, GA Friese, CR Neville, BA Wilson, KM Hastings, BT Earle, CC Keating, NL Richardson, LC AF Abel, Gregory A. Friese, Christopher R. Neville, Bridget A. Wilson, Katherine M. Hastings, B. Taylor Earle, Craig C. Keating, Nancy L. Richardson, Lisa C. TI Referrals for suspected hematologic malignancy: A survey of primary care physicians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; UNITED-STATES; CANCER; DIAGNOSIS; COMMUNICATION; SYMPTOMS C1 [Abel, Gregory A.; Neville, Bridget A.; Hastings, B. Taylor] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Div Populat Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Abel, Gregory A.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Ctr Leukaemia, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Friese, Christopher R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wilson, Katherine M.; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Earle, Craig C.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. [Keating, Nancy L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Keating, Nancy L.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Abel, GA (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Div Populat Sci, 450 Brookline Ave,Dana 1108, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM gregory_abel@dfci.harvard.edu RI Friese, Christopher/D-2097-2013 OI Friese, Christopher/0000-0002-2281-2056 FU NINR NIH HHS [R00 NR010750] NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 87 IS 6 BP 634 EP 636 DI 10.1002/ajh.23172 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 945CC UT WOS:000304249400014 PM 22473854 ER PT J AU Wright, MO Hebden, JN Allen-Bridson, K Morrell, GC Horan, TC AF Wright, Marc-Oliver Hebden, Joan N. Allen-Bridson, Kathy Morrell, Gloria C. Horan, Teresa C. TI An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network data quality collaboration: A supplement of new case studies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE NHSN; Surveillance AB The rationale for the case study series is presented, along with results of the first 5 American Journal of Infection Control-National Healthcare Safety Network case studies. Although the respondents were correct in their assessments more often than not, opportunities for improvement remain. Ten new case studies with questions are provided. Participants are provided with instructions on how to submit responses for continuing education credit through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Answers with referenced explanations will be provided immediately to those who seek continuing education credit and at a later date via the online journal for those who do not. Copyright (C) 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wright, Marc-Oliver] NorthShore Univ HealthSyst, Dept Infect Control, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Morrell, Gloria C.; Horan, Teresa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, MO (reprint author), NorthShore Univ HealthSyst, Dept Infect Control, 2650 Ridge Ave,Burch 124, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM MWright@northshore.org FU BD FX Publication of this supplement was made possible by an unrestricted educational grant from BD. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 5 SU S BP S32 EP S40 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.03.010 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 946TS UT WOS:000304379500002 PM 22626461 ER PT J AU Levis, DM Harris, S Whitehead, N Moultrie, R Duwe, K Rasmussen, SA AF Levis, Denise M. Harris, Shelly Whitehead, Nedra Moultrie, Rebecca Duwe, Kara Rasmussen, Sonja A. TI Women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about Down syndrome: A qualitative research study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; focus groups; qualitative research; educational materials; knowledge; attitudes; beliefs ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; COMMUNICATION; INFORMATION; TRISOMY-21; CHILDREN; PEOPLE AB Women who are or may become pregnant need up-to-date information about Down syndrome (DS). Asking women about their knowledge, opinions, resources, and information needs on the topic of DS is an important precursor to develop effective strategies for education. We conducted 24 focus groups (N?=?111) in two US cities with women who were recently pregnant (who had a child =3 years old without DS) and women who planned to have a child in the next year. Groups were further segmented by age and race-ethnicity. Questions explored women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about DS; resources used to obtain information about health and DS; and information needs on the topic of DS. All participants reported having some knowledge of DS: facial features, chromosomal condition, and maternal age as a risk factor. Many participants had misconceptions, including the life expectancy for persons with DS, other maternal and paternal risk factors, and the idea that having a child with DS would disrupt their lives. Participants requested stories to help illustrate what life is like for families with DS. Many Hispanic and African American participants said they only saw or knew of Caucasian persons with DS and requested culturally diverse educational materials about DS. Participants said they would seek information on DS from the Internet and from their health care providers. Results suggest that women need tailored materials that contain clinical information about DS as well as information about living with a child with DS. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Levis, Denise M.; Duwe, Kara; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Harris, Shelly; Whitehead, Nedra; Moultrie, Rebecca] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Levis, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM igc1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4825 EI 1552-4833 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD JUN PY 2012 VL 158A IS 6 BP 1355 EP 1362 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.35340 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 943OM UT WOS:000304133700016 PM 22544646 ER PT J AU Gregg, EW Cheng, YLJ Saydah, S Cowie, C Garfield, S Geiss, L Barker, L AF Gregg, Edward W. Cheng, Yiling J. Saydah, Sharon Cowie, Catherine Garfield, Sanford Geiss, Linda Barker, Lawrence TI Trends in Death Rates Among US Adults With and Without Diabetes Between 1997 and 2006 Findings from the National Health Interview Survey SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; POPULATION; MELLITUS; RISK; PREVALENCE; INDIVIDUALS; DECLINE; BURDEN AB OBJECTIVE-To determine whether all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death rates declined between 1997 and 2006, a period of continued advances in treatment approaches and risk factor control, among U.S. adults with and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We compared 3-year death rates of four consecutive nationally representative samples (1997-1998, 1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004) of U.S. adults aged 18 years and older using data from the National Health Interview Surveys linked to National Death Index. RESULTS-Among diabetic adults, the CVD death rate declined by 40% (95% CI 23-54) and all-cause mortality declined by 23% (10-35) between the earliest and latest samples. There was no difference in the rates of decline in mortality between diabetic men and women. The excess CVD mortality rate associated with diabetes (i.e., compared with nondiabetic adults) decreased by 60% (from 5.8 to 2.3 CVD deaths per 1,000) while the excess all-cause mortality rate declined by 44% (from 10.8 to 6.1 deaths per 1,000). CONCLUSIONS-Death rates among both U.S. men and women with diabetes declined substantially between 1997 and 2006, reducing the absolute difference between adults with and without diabetes. These encouraging findings, however, suggest that diabetes prevalence is likely to rise in the future if diabetes incidence is not curtailed. C1 [Gregg, Edward W.; Cheng, Yiling J.; Saydah, Sharon; Geiss, Linda; Barker, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cowie, Catherine; Garfield, Sanford] NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gregg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. EM edg7@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 124 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1252 EP 1257 DI 10.2337/dc11-1162 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 950DY UT WOS:000304631000011 PM 22619288 ER PT J AU Ghosh, S Moonan, PK Cowan, L Grant, J Kammerer, S Navin, TR AF Ghosh, Smita Moonan, Patrick K. Cowan, Lauren Grant, Juliana Kammerer, Steve Navin, Thomas R. TI Tuberculosis Genotyping Information Management System: Enhancing Tuberculosis Surveillance in the United States SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis; Genotyping; Surveillance; Molecular epidemiology ID INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE UNITS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NEW-YORK; TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; CULTURES; CONTACT; COMPLEX; CLUSTER AB Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates (genotyping) can be used by public health programs to more readily identify tuberculosis (TB) transmission. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Tuberculosis Genotyping Service has offered M. tuberculosis genotyping for every culture-confirmed case in the United States since 2004. The TB Genotyping Information Management System (TB GIMS), launched in March 2010, is a secure online database containing genotype results linked with case characteristics from the national TB registry for state and local TB programs to access, manage and analyze these data. As of September 2011, TB GIMS contains genotype results for 89% of all culture-positive TB cases for 2010. Over 400 users can generate local and national reports and maps using TB GIMS. Automated alerts on geospatially concentrated cases with matching genotypes that may represent outbreaks are also generated by TB GIMS. TB genotyping results are available to enhance national TB surveillance and apply genotyping results to conduct TB control activities in the United States. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ghosh, Smita; Moonan, Patrick K.; Cowan, Lauren; Grant, Juliana; Kammerer, Steve; Navin, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kammerer, Steve] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ghosh, S (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sghosh1@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 NR 41 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 SI SI BP 782 EP 788 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.10.013 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 944QP UT WOS:000304219200024 PM 22044522 ER PT J AU Shabbeer, A Cowan, LS Ozcaglar, C Rastogi, N Vandenberg, SL Yener, B Bennett, KP AF Shabbeer, Amina Cowan, Lauren S. Ozcaglar, Cagri Rastogi, Nalin Vandenberg, Scott L. Yener, Buelent Bennett, Kristin P. TI TB-Lineage: An online tool for classification and analysis of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis; Classification; Spoligotype; MIRU-VNTR; Spoligoforest; Lineage ID DISCRIMINATORY POWER; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; SPOLIGOTYPES; POLYMORPHISM; REPRODUCIBILITY; DATABASE AB This paper formulates a set of rules to classify genotypes of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) into major lineages using spoligotypes and MIRU-VNTR results. The rules synthesize prior literature that characterizes lineages by spacer deletions and variations in the number of repeats seen at locus MIRU24 (alias VNTR2687). A tool that efficiently and accurately implements this rule base is now freely available at http://tbinsight.cs.rpi.edu/run_tb_lineage.html. When MIRU24 data is not available, the system utilizes predictions made by a Naive Bayes classifier based on spoligotype data. This website also provides a tool to generate spoligoforests in order to visualize the genetic diversity and relatedness of genotypes and their associated lineages. A detailed analysis of the application of these tools on a dataset collected by the CDC consisting of 3198 distinct spoligotypes and 5430 distinct MIRU-VNTR types from 37,066 clinical isolates is presented. The tools were also tested on four other independent datasets. The accuracy of automated classification using both spoligotypes and MIRU24 is >99%, and using spoligotypes alone is >95%. This online rule-based classification technique in conjunction with genotype visualization provides a practical tool that supports surveillance of TB transmission trends and molecular epidemiological studies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bennett, Kristin P.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Shabbeer, Amina; Ozcaglar, Cagri; Yener, Buelent; Bennett, Kristin P.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Comp Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Cowan, Lauren S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rastogi, Nalin] Inst Pasteur Guadeloupe, Abymes, Guadeloupe. [Vandenberg, Scott L.] Siena Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Loudonville, NY 12211 USA. RP Bennett, KP (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM shabba@cs.rpi.edu; los4@cdc.gov; ozcagc2@cs.rpi.edu; nrastogi@pasteur-guadeloupe.fr; vandenberg@siena.edu; yener@cs.rpi.edu; bennek@rpi.edu OI Rastogi, Nalin/0000-0002-7199-7747 FU NIH [R01LM009731] FX This work was made possible by and with the assistance of Dr. Philip Supply of the Institute Pasteur de Lille. We thank Veronique Hill, David Couvin and Thierry Zozio at Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe and Minoo Aminian and Veronica Ahiati at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute for their helpful suggestions and help with data analysis. This work was supported by NIH R01LM009731. NR 33 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 SI SI BP 789 EP 797 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.010 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 944QP UT WOS:000304219200025 PM 22406225 ER PT J AU Parks, SE Kegler, SR Annest, JL Mercy, JA AF Parks, Sharyn E. Kegler, Scott R. Annest, Joseph L. Mercy, James A. TI Characteristics of fatal abusive head trauma among children in the USA: 2003-2007: an application of the CDC operational case definition to national vital statistics data SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID SHAKEN-BABY-SYNDROME; AGE-RELATED INCIDENCE; BRAIN-INJURY; IMPACT SYNDROME; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CHANGE KNOWLEDGE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SHAKING; UNDERASCERTAINMENT; SURVEILLANCE AB Objective In March of 2008, an expert panel was convened at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop code-based case definitions for abusive head trauma (AHT) in children under 5 years of age based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) nature and cause of injury codes. This study presents the operational case definition and applies it to US death data. Methods National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistics System data on multiple cause-of-death from 2003 to 2007 were examined. Results Inspection of records with at least one ICD-10 injury/disease code and at least one ICD-10 cause code from the AHT case definition resulted in the identification of 780 fatal AHT cases, with 699 classified as definite/presumptive AHT and 81 classified as probable AHT. The fatal AHT rate was highest among children age <1 year with a peak in incidence that occurred at 1-2 months of age. Fatal AHT incidence rates were higher for men than women and were higher for non-Hispanic African-Americans compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Fatal AHT incidence was relatively constant across seasons. Conclusions This report demonstrates that the definition can help to identify population subgroups at higher risk for AHT defined by year and month of death, age, sex and race/ethnicity. This type of definition may be useful for various epidemiological applications including research and surveillance. These activities can in turn inform further development of prevention activities, including educating parents about the dangers of shaking and strategies for managing infant crying. C1 [Parks, Sharyn E.; Kegler, Scott R.; Annest, Joseph L.; Mercy, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Parks, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM svp2@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040128 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 946LS UT WOS:000304353700010 PM 22015935 ER PT J AU Baldwin, G Sleet, D Gilchrist, J Degutis, L AF Baldwin, Grant Sleet, David Gilchrist, Julie Degutis, Linda TI Fulfilling a promise: the national action plan for child injury prevention SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Baldwin, Grant; Sleet, David; Gilchrist, Julie; Degutis, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Baldwin, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gbaldwin@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 207 EP 207 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040402 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 946LS UT WOS:000304353700012 PM 22505635 ER PT J AU Hasselbring, BM Sheppard, ES Krause, DC AF Hasselbring, Benjamin M. Sheppard, Edward S. Krause, Duncan C. TI P65 Truncation Impacts P30 Dynamics during Mycoplasma pneumoniae Gliding SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TERMINAL-ORGANELLE DEVELOPMENT; ATTACHMENT ORGANELLE; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; CYTADHERENCE PROTEINS; TIP STRUCTURE; TRITON SHELL; P1 ADHESIN; MOTILITY; HMW1; IDENTIFICATION AB The cell wall-less prokaryote Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired bronchitis and pneumonia in humans. Colonization is mediated largely by a differentiated terminal organelle, which is also the leading end in gliding motility. Cytadherence-associated proteins P30 and P65 appear to traffic concurrently to the distal end of developing terminal organelles. Here, truncation of P65 due to transposon insertion in the corresponding gene resulted in lower gliding velocity, reduced cytadherence, and decreased steady-state levels of several terminal organelle proteins, including P30. Utilizing fluorescent protein fusions, we followed terminal organelle development over time. New P30 foci appeared at nascent terminal organelles in P65 mutants, as in the wild type. However, with forward cell motility, P30 in the P65 mutants appeared to drag toward the trailing cell pole, where it was released, yielding a fluorescent trail to which truncated P65 colocalized. In contrast, P30 was only rarely observed at the trailing end of gliding wild-type cells. Complementation with the recombinant wild-type P65 allele by transposon delivery restored P65 levels and stabilized P30 localization to the terminal organelle. C1 [Hasselbring, Benjamin M.; Sheppard, Edward S.; Krause, Duncan C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hasselbring, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dkrause@uga.edu FU Public Health Service from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI22362, AI49194] FX This work was supported by Public Health Service research grants AI22362 and AI49194 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to D.C.K. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 11 BP 3000 EP 3007 DI 10.1128/JB.00091-12 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 944TX UT WOS:000304227800023 PM 22544269 ER PT J AU Miller, CW Whitcomb, RC Ansari, A McCurley, C Nemhauser, JB Jones, R AF Miller, Charles W. Whitcomb, Robert C. Ansari, Armin McCurley, Carol Nemhauser, Jeffrey B. Jones, Robert TI Murder by Radiation Poisoning: Implications for Public Health SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PO-210; CONTAMINATION; LONDON AB On November 23, 2006, former Russian military intelligence officer Alexander Litvinenko died in a London hospital. Authorities determined he was deliberately poisoned with the radionuclide Polonium-210 (Po-210). Police subsequently discovered that those involved in this crime had apparently inadvertently spread 210Po over many locations in London. The United Kingdom Health Protection Agency (HPA) contacted many persons who might have been exposed to 210Po and provided voluntary urine testing. Some of those identified as potentially exposed were U.S. citizens, whom the HPA requested that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assist in contacting. CDC also provided health care professionals and state and local public health officials with guidance as to how they might respond should a Litvinenko-like incident occur in the U.S. This guidance has resulted in the identification of a number of lessons that can be useful to public health and medical authorities in planning for radiological dispersion incidents. Eight such lessons are discussed in this article. C1 [Miller, Charles W.; Whitcomb, Robert C.; Ansari, Armin; McCurley, Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Nemhauser, Jeffrey B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Miller, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, MS F58,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CMiller1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 74 IS 10 BP 8 EP 13 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 945RN UT WOS:000304293800002 PM 22708201 ER PT J AU Piesman, J Ben Beard, C AF Piesman, Joseph Ben Beard, C. TI Prevention of Tick-Borne Diseases SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; LYME-DISEASE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; VACCINE; DOXYCYCLINE; RESERVOIRS; IXODIDAE; REMOVAL C1 [Piesman, Joseph; Ben Beard, C.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Piesman, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jfp2@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 74 IS 10 BP 30 EP 32 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 945RN UT WOS:000304293800006 PM 22708205 ER PT J AU Swanson, CA Zimmermann, MB Skeaff, S Pearce, EN Dwyer, JT Trumbo, PR Zehaluk, C Andrews, KW Carriquiry, A Caldwel, KL Egan, SK Long, SE Bailey, RL Sullivan, KM Holden, JM Betz, JM Phinney, KW Brooks, SPJ Johnson, CL Haggans, CJ AF Swanson, Christine A. Zimmermann, Michael B. Skeaff, Sheila Pearce, Elizabeth N. Dwyer, Johanna T. Trumbo, Paula R. Zehaluk, Christina Andrews, Karen W. Carriquiry, Alicia Caldwel, Kathleen L. Egan, S. Kathleen Long, Stephen E. Bailey, Regan Lucas Sullivan, Kevin M. Holden, Joanne M. Betz, Joseph M. Phinney, Karen W. Brooks, Stephen P. J. Johnson, Clifford L. Haggans, Carol J. TI Summary of an NIH Workshop to Identify Research Needs to Improve the Monitoring of Iodine Status in the United States and to Inform the DRI SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID URINARY IODINE; THYROID-FUNCTION; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; IODIZED SALT; BREAST-MILK; NATIONAL-HEALTH; DOUBLE-BLIND; DEFICIENCY; NUTRITION AB The Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the NIH sponsored a workshop on May 12-13, 2011, to bring together representatives from various NIH institutes and centers as a first step in developing an NIH iodine research initiative. The workshop also provided an opportunity to identify research needs that would inform the dietary reference intakes for iodine, which were last revised in 2001. Iodine is required throughout the life cycle, but pregnant women and infants are the populations most at risk of deficiency, because iodine is required for normal brain development and growth. The CDC monitors iodine status of the population on a regular basis, but the status of the most vulnerable populations remains uncertain. The NIH funds very little investigator-initiated research relevant to iodine and human nutrition, but the ODS has worked for several years with a number of other U.S. government agencies to develop many of the resources needed to conduct iodine research of high quality (e.g., validated analytical methods and reference materials for multiple types of samples). Iodine experts, scientists from several U.S. government agencies, and NIH representatives met for 2 d to identify iodine research needs appropriate to the NIH mission. J. Nutr. 142: 1175S-1185S, 2012. C1 [Swanson, Christine A.; Dwyer, Johanna T.; Bailey, Regan Lucas; Betz, Joseph M.; Haggans, Carol J.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zimmermann, Michael B.] ETH, Inst Food & Nutr, Zurich, Switzerland. [Skeaff, Sheila] Univ Otago, Dept Human Nutr, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Pearce, Elizabeth N.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Evans Ctr Interdisciplinary Biomed Res, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Trumbo, Paula R.; Egan, S. Kathleen] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Zehaluk, Christina; Brooks, Stephen P. J.] Hlth Canada, Bur Nutr Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Andrews, Karen W.; Holden, Joanne M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Carriquiry, Alicia] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Caldwel, Kathleen L.; Sullivan, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Long, Stephen E.; Phinney, Karen W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Johnson, Clifford L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Swanson, CA (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 3B01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM swansonc@od.nih.gov RI Zimmermann, Michael/C-3062-2016; OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU NIH Office of Dietary Supplements FX Published in a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. Presented at the Office of Dietary Supplements Iodine Workshop, held in Rockville, Maryland, May 12-13, 2011. The workshop was organized and sponsored by the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or other government agencies. The views expressed in these papers are not necessarily those of the Supplement Coordinator or Guest Editors. The Supplement Coordinator for this supplement was Christine A. Swanson, Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH. Supplement Coordinator disclosures: Christine A. Swanson had no conflicts to disclose. This supplement is the responsibility of the Guest Editor to whom the Editor of The Journal of Nutrition has delegated supervision of both technical conformity to the published regulations of The Journal of Nutrition and general oversight of the scientific merit of each article. The Guest Editor for this supplement was A. Catharine Ross, Guest Editor disclosure: A. Catharine Ross had no conflicts to disclose. Publication costs for this supplement were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This publication must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not attributable to the sponsors or the publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of The Journal of Nutrition. NR 92 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 6 BP 1175S EP 1185S DI 10.3945/jn.111.156448 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 946EY UT WOS:000304335500030 PM 22551802 ER PT J AU Lukacs, SL Schrag, SJ AF Lukacs, Susan L. Schrag, Stephanie J. TI Clinical Sepsis in Neonates and Young Infants, United States, 1988-2006 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID B-STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; EARLY-ONSET SEPSIS; PREVENTION; TRENDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROPHYLAXIS; ERA AB Objective To describe the burden and characteristics of clinical neonatal sepsis in the United States and evaluate incidence rates after the issuance of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) guidelines. Study design This is a cross-sectional study of hospitalizations of infants aged <3 months diagnosed with sepsis from the 1988-2006 National Hospital Discharge Survey. The National Hospital Discharge Survey collects data annually on inpatient discharges from a national probability sample of approximately 500 short-stay hospitals. We examined sepsis hospitalizations, defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes, and compared sepsis hospitalization rates for 2 time periods after the issuance of IAP guidelines (1996-2001 and 2002-2006) with 1988-1995 using national natality data as the population denominator. We used Joinpoint (Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland) regression to assess the average annual percent change (AAPC) in rates. Results Between 1988 and 2006, there were more than 2.5 million sepsis-related hospitalizations in infants aged <3 months (112 000-146 000 annually). In 2006, the sepsis hospitalization rate was 30.8/1000 births. The rate was more than 3 times higher in preterm infants compared with term infants (85.4/1000 preterm births vs 23.1/1000 term births). The AAPC in sepsis hospitalization rate was -3.6% (95% CI, -2.1% to 5.1%) for term infants during 1996-2002 and did not change significantly after issuance of the revised 2002 guidelines. For preterm infants, the AAPC was -1.2% (95% CI, -2.2% to 0.1%) annually from 1988 to 2006. Conclusion Clinical neonatal sepsis declined in the post-IAP era, mirroring trends observed in group B streptococcal early-onset neonatal sepsis surveillance. Preterm infants were affected disproportionately and exhibited a modest but steady decline in sepsis hospitalization rate. (J Pediatr 2012;160:960-5). C1 [Lukacs, Susan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lukacs, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6119, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM slukacs@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 160 IS 6 BP 960 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.12.023 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 946TC UT WOS:000304377300016 PM 22261508 ER PT J AU Fisher, PG Reynolds, P Von Behren, J Carmichael, SL Rasmussen, SA Shaw, GM AF Fisher, Paul Graham Reynolds, Peggy Von Behren, Julie Carmichael, Suzan L. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Shaw, Gary M. TI Cancer in Children with Nonchromosomal Birth Defects SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD-CANCER; CONGENITAL-ABNORMALITIES; RECORD-LINKAGE; MINOR ANOMALIES; RISK; LEUKEMIA; MALFORMATIONS; NEUROBLASTOMA; MALIGNANCIES; PREVALENCE AB Objective To examine whether the incidence of childhood cancer is elevated in children with birth defects but no chromosomal anomalies. Study design We examined cancer risk in a population-based cohort of children with and without major birth defects born between 1988 and 2004, by linking data from the California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, the California Cancer Registry, and birth certificates. Cox proportional hazards models generated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs based on person-years at risk. We compared the risk of childhood cancer in infants born with and without specific types of birth defects, excluding infants with chromosomal anomalies. Results Of the 4869 children in the birth cohort with cancer, 222 had a major birth defect. Although the expected elevation in cancer risk was observed in children with chromosomal birth defects (HR, 12.44; 95% CI, 10.10-15.32), especially for the leukemias (HR, 28.99; 95% CI, 23.07-36.42), children with nonchromosomal birth defects also had an increased risk of cancer (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.33-1.87), but instead for brain tumors, lymphomas, neuroblastoma, and germ cell tumors. Conclusion Children with nonchromosomal birth defects are at increased risk for solid tumors, but not leukemias. Dysregulation of early human development likely plays an important role in the etiology of childhood cancer. (J Pediatr 2012;160:978-83). C1 [Fisher, Paul Graham] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Fisher, Paul Graham; Carmichael, Suzan L.; Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Fisher, Paul Graham] Stanford Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Fisher, Paul Graham] Stanford Univ, Dept Human Biol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Reynolds, Peggy] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Reynolds, Peggy; Von Behren, Julie] Canc Prevent Inst Calif, Berkeley, CA USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fisher, PG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 750 Welch Rd,Suite 317, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM pfisher@stanford.edu FU Association of American Medical Colleges [U36/CCU319276 CFDA 93.283]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U36/CCU319276 CFDA 93.283, MM-1125-09/09, CDC 6U01DD000489] FX Supported by the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant MM-1125-09/09, under Cooperative Agreement U36/CCU319276 CFDA 93.283), and partially supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant CDC 6U01DD000489. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the California Department of Public Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 160 IS 6 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.12.006 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 946TC UT WOS:000304377300019 PM 22244463 ER PT J AU Gorchakov, R Wang, E Leal, G Forrester, NL Plante, K Rossi, SL Partidos, CD Adams, AP Seymour, RL Weger, J Borland, EM Sherman, MB Powers, AM Osorio, JE Weaver, SC AF Gorchakov, Rodion Wang, Eryu Leal, Grace Forrester, Naomi L. Plante, Kenneth Rossi, Shannan L. Partidos, Charalambos D. Adams, A. Paige Seymour, Robert L. Weger, James Borland, Erin M. Sherman, Michael B. Powers, Ann M. Osorio, Jorge E. Weaver, Scott C. TI Attenuation of Chikungunya Virus Vaccine Strain 181/Clone 25 Is Determined by Two Amino Acid Substitutions in the E2 Envelope Glycoprotein SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ROSS RIVER VIRUS; HEPARAN-SULFATE; SINDBIS VIRUS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; VITRO CULTIVATION; INDIAN-OCEAN; MOUSE MODEL; OUTBREAK; MUTATIONS AB Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the mosquito-borne alphavirus that is the etiologic agent of massive outbreaks of arthralgic febrile illness that recently affected millions of people in Africa and Asia. The only CHIKV vaccine that has been tested in humans, strain 181/clone 25, is a live-attenuated derivative of Southeast Asian human isolate strain AF15561. The vaccine was immunogenic in phase I and II clinical trials; however, it induced transient arthralgia in 8% of the vaccinees. There are five amino acid differences between the vaccine and its parent, as well as five synonymous mutations, none of which involves cis-acting genome regions known to be responsible for replication or packaging. To identify the determinants of attenuation, we therefore tested the five nonsynonymous mutations by cloning them individually or in different combinations into infectious clones derived from two wild-type (WT) CHIICV strains, La Reunion and AF15561. Levels of virulence were compared with those of the WT strains and the vaccine strain in two different murine models: infant CD1 and adult A129 mice. An attenuated phenotype indistinguishable from that of the 181/clone 25 vaccine strain was obtained by the simultaneous expression of two E2 glycoprotein substitutions, with intermediate levels of attenuation obtained with the single E2 mutations. The other three amino acid mutations, in nsPl, 6K, and El, did not have a detectable effect on CHIKV virulence. These results indicate that the attenuation of strain 181/clone 25 is mediated by two point mutations, explaining the phenotypic instability observed in human vaccinees and also in our studies. C1 [Gorchakov, Rodion; Wang, Eryu; Leal, Grace; Forrester, Naomi L.; Plante, Kenneth; Rossi, Shannan L.; Adams, A. Paige; Weaver, Scott C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX USA. [Partidos, Charalambos D.; Weger, James; Osorio, Jorge E.] Inviragen Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Borland, Erin M.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sherman, Michael B.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Sealy Ctr Struct Biol & Mol Biophys, Galveston, TX USA. [Osorio, Jorge E.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weaver, SC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX USA. EM sweaver@utmb.edu RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011; OI Weger-Lucarelli, James/0000-0002-9483-1694 FU National Institutes of Health [AI082202]; [5T32AI7526-12]; [5T32AI007536-11]; [5T32AI007536-12] FX This research was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI082202. K.P. was supported by T32 grant 5T32AI7526-12. S.L.R. was supported by T32 grant 5T32AI007536-11. R.L.S. was supported by T32 grant 5T32AI007536-12. NR 56 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 11 BP 6084 EP 6096 DI 10.1128/JVI.06449-11 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 944UM UT WOS:000304229300011 PM 22457519 ER PT J AU Krause, JC Tsibane, T Tumpey, TM Huffman, CJ Albrecht, R Blum, DL Ramos, I Fernandez-Sesma, A Edwards, KM Garcia-Sastre, A Basler, CF Crowe, JE AF Krause, Jens C. Tsibane, Tshidi Tumpey, Terrence M. Huffman, Chelsey J. Albrecht, Randy Blum, David L. Ramos, Irene Fernandez-Sesma, Ana Edwards, Kathryn M. Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Basler, Christopher F. Crowe, James E., Jr. TI Human Monoclonal Antibodies to Pandemic 1957 H2N2 and Pandemic 1968 H3N2 Influenza Viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BINDING; A VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ MOLECULE; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE; H1N1 VIRUS; STRAINS; EPITOPE; SPECIFICITY; SUBTYPE; NEUTRALIZATION AB Investigation of the human antibody response to the 1957 pandemic H2N2 influenza A virus has been largely limited to serologic studies. We generated five influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA)-reactive human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) by hybridoma technology from the peripheral blood of healthy donors who were born between 1950 and 1968. Two MAbs reacted with the pandemic H2N2 virus, two recognized the pandemic H3N2 virus, and remarkably, one reacted with both the pandemic H2N2 and H3N2 viruses. Each of these five naturally occurring MAbs displayed hemagglutination inhibition activity, suggesting specificity for the globular head domain of influenza virus HA. When incubated with virus, MAbs 8F8, 8M2, and 2G1 each elicited H2N2 escape mutations immediately adjacent to the receptor-binding domain on the HA globular head in embryonated chicken eggs. All H2N2-specific MAbs were able to inhibit a 2006 swine H2N3 influenza virus. MAbs 8M2 and 2G1 shared the V(H)1-69 germ line gene, but these antibodies were otherwise not genetically related. Each antibody was able to protect mice in a lethal H2N2 virus challenge. Thus, even 43 years after circulation of H2N2 viruses, these subjects possessed peripheral blood B cells encoding potent inhibiting antibodies specific for a conserved region on the globular head of the pandemic H2 HA. C1 [Krause, Jens C.; Huffman, Chelsey J.; Blum, David L.; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Crowe, James E., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Crowe, James E., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Tsibane, Tshidi; Albrecht, Randy; Ramos, Irene; Fernandez-Sesma, Ana; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo; Basler, Christopher F.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY USA. [Fernandez-Sesma, Ana; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Albrecht, Randy; Fernandez-Sesma, Ana; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Crowe, JE (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM james.crowe@vanderbilt.edu RI Crowe, James/B-5549-2009; OI Crowe, James/0000-0002-0049-1079; Albrecht, Randy/0000-0003-4008-503X; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU NIH [P01 AI058113, R21AI085306]; Vanderbilt CTSA [UL1RR024975]; DOD [HDTRA1-10-1-0067]; CRIP; NIAID [HHSN266200700010C]; Cancer Center Support Grant [CA068485]; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center [DK058404]; Vanderbilt Vision Research Center [EY008126]; [UL1RR029887] FX This work was supported by NIH grants P01 AI058113 and R21AI085306, Vanderbilt CTSA grant UL1RR024975, a pilot project from UL1RR029887 to C.F.B., DOD grant HDTRA1-10-1-0067, and CRIP, an NIAID-funded CEIRS Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis, contract number HHSN266200700010C. The Genome Sciences Resource was supported by the Cancer Center Support Grant (CA068485), the Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center (DK058404), and the Vanderbilt Vision Research Center (EY008126). NR 55 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 11 BP 6334 EP 6340 DI 10.1128/JVI.07158-11 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 944UM UT WOS:000304229300034 PM 22457520 ER PT J AU Akinyi, S Hanssen, E Meyer, EVS Jiang, JL Korir, CC Singh, B Lapp, S Barnwell, JW Tilley, L Galinski, MR AF Akinyi, Sheila Hanssen, Eric Meyer, Esmeralda V. S. Jiang, Jianlin Korir, Cindy C. Singh, Balwan Lapp, Stacey Barnwell, John W. Tilley, Leann Galinski, Mary R. TI A 95 kDa protein of Plasmodium vivax and P. cynomolgi visualized by three-dimensional tomography in the caveola-vesicle complexes (Schuffner's dots) of infected erythrocytes is a member of the PHIST family SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; BLOOD-STAGE PARASITES; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; HOST ERYTHROCYTE; FALCIPARUM; KNOWLESI; ULTRASTRUCTURE; TRANSFECTION; MEMBRANE; IDENTIFICATION AB Plasmodium vivax and P. cynomolgi produce numerous caveolavesicle complex (CVC) structures within the surface of the infected erythrocyte membrane. These contrast with the electron-dense knob protrusions expressed at the surface of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Here we investigate the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of the CVCs and the identity of a predominantly expressed 95 kDa CVC protein. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of immunoprecipitates by monoclonal antibodies from P. cynomolgi extracts identified this protein as a member of the Plasmodium helical interspersed subtelomeric (PHIST) superfamily with a calculated mass of 81 kDa. We named the orthologous proteins PvPHIST/CVC-8195 and PcyPHIST/CVC-8195, analysed their structural features, including a PEXEL motif, repeated sequences and a C-terminal PHIST domain, and show that PHIST/CVC-8195 is most highly expressed in trophozoites. We generated images of CVCs in 3-D using electron tomography (ET), and used immuno-ET to show PHIST/CVC-8195 localizes to the cytoplasmic side of the CVC tubular extensions. Targeted gene disruptions were attempted in vivo. The pcyphist/cvc-8195 gene was not disrupted, but parasites containing episomes with the tgdhfr selection cassette were retrieved by selection with pyrimethamine. This suggests that PHIST/CVC-8195 is essential for survival of these malaria parasites. C1 [Akinyi, Sheila; Meyer, Esmeralda V. S.; Jiang, Jianlin; Korir, Cindy C.; Singh, Balwan; Lapp, Stacey; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hanssen, Eric] Univ Melbourne, Electron Microscopy Unit, Mol Sci & Biotechnol Inst Bio21, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Tilley, Leann] Univ Melbourne, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mol Sci & Biotechnol Inst Bio21, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Hanssen, Eric; Tilley, Leann] Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Coherent Xray Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Galinski, MR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mary.galinski@emory.edu RI Hanssen, Eric/A-7217-2013 OI Hanssen, Eric/0000-0002-4064-1844 FU National Institutes of Health [AI24710, HL0788626]; National Center for Research Resources [P51RR165]; Office of Research [P51OD11132]; Australia Research Council; Australian National Health and Medical Research Council FX This research was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants AI24710 and HL0788626 and the National Center for Research Resources P51RR165 and is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD P51OD11132. The work was also supported by funds from the Australia Research Council and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. NR 57 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 84 IS 5 BP 816 EP 831 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08060.x PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 945UJ UT WOS:000304301500003 PM 22537295 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Tao, G Gift, TL Tun, Y Kamb, ML Wei, X Wang, LM Bulterys, M AF Owusu-Edusei, K. Tao, G. Gift, T. L. Tun, Y. Kamb, M. L. Wei, X. Wang, L. M. Bulterys, M. TI INVESTIGATING THE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INTEGRATED PRENATAL HIV/SYPHILIS SCREENING TO PREVENT ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN CHINA SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Owusu-Edusei, K.; Tao, G.; Gift, T. L.; Tun, Y.; Kamb, M. L.; Wei, X.; Wang, L. M.; Bulterys, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 88 SU 1 BP A68 EP A68 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.177 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 947PK UT WOS:000304441800205 ER PT J AU Torrone, E Weinstock, HS AF Torrone, E. Weinstock, H. S. TI CHLAMYDIA SURVEILLANCE IN THE USA: THE NEED FOR NEW STRATEGIES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Torrone, E.; Weinstock, H. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 88 SU 1 BP A26 EP A27 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.50 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 947PK UT WOS:000304441800078 ER PT J AU Brown, DS Trogdon, J Ekwueme, DU Chamiec-Case, L Tangka, FK Guy, GP Li, C Trivers, KF Rodriguez, JL AF Brown, D. S. Trogdon, J. Ekwueme, D. U. Chamiec-Case, L. Tangka, F. K. Guy, G. P. Li, C. Trivers, K. F. Rodriguez, J. L. TI PREFERENCE-BASED ESTIMATES OF THE HEALTH UTILITY IMPACTS OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN AGES 18-44 IN THE UNITED STATES SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brown, D. S.; Trogdon, J.; Chamiec-Case, L.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ekwueme, D. U.; Tangka, F. K.; Guy, G. P.; Li, C.; Trivers, K. F.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP A225 EP A225 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 947XP UT WOS:000304468201365 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Rim, SH Hall, IJ Thomas, CC Fairley, TL Rodriguez, J White, A AF Ekwueme, D. U. Guy, G. P. Rim, S. H. Hall, I. J. Thomas, C. C. Fairley, T. L. Rodriguez, J. White, A. TI BREAST CANCER MORTALITY RATES BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, YEARS OF POTENTIAL LIFE LOST, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTIVITY LOSSES AMONG WOMEN AGED 20-49 YEARS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1970-2008 SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ekwueme, D. U.; Guy, G. P.; Rim, S. H.; Hall, I. J.; Thomas, C. C.; Fairley, T. L.; Rodriguez, J.; White, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP A11 EP A11 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 947XP UT WOS:000304468200053 ER PT J AU Chapel, TJ AF Chapel, Thomas J. TI Evaluation Purpose and Use: The Core of the CDC Program Evaluation Framework SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EVALUATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chapel, TJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1098-2140 J9 AM J EVAL JI Am. J. Eval. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 286 EP 289 PG 4 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 941BN UT WOS:000303937100013 ER PT J AU Johnson, CJ Hahn, CG Fink, AK German, RR AF Johnson, Christopher J. Hahn, Christine G. Fink, Aliza K. German, Robert R. TI Variability in Cancer Death Certificate Accuracy by Characteristics of Death Certifiers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE death certificate accuracy; coroner; underlying cause of death; cancer registry ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY STATISTICS; MEDICAL EXAMINERS; CORONER SYSTEMS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MESOTHELIOMA; COMPLETION AB Death certificates are the source for mortality statistics and are used to set public health goals. Accurate death certificates are vital in tracking outcomes of cancer. Deaths may be certified by physicians or other medical professionals, coroners, or medical examiners. Idaho is one of 3 states that participated in a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded study to assess the concordance between cancer-specific causes of death and primary cancer site among linked cancer registry/death certificate data. We investigated variability in the accuracy of cancer death certificates by characteristics of death certifiers, including certifier type (physician vs coroner), physician specialty, years of experience as death certifier, and number of deaths certified. This study showed significant differences by certifier type/physician specialty in the accuracy of cancer mortality measured by death certificates. Nonphysician coroners had lower accuracy rates compared with physicians. Although nonphysician coroners certified less than 5% of cancer deaths in Idaho, they were significantly less likely to match the primary site from the cancer registry. Results from this study may be useful in the future training of death certifiers to improve the accuracy of death certificates and cancer mortality statistics. C1 [Johnson, Christopher J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Hahn, Christine G.] Div Publ Hlth, Off Epidemiol Food Protect & Immunizat, Boise, ID USA. [Fink, Aliza K.] ICF Macro, Bethesda, MD USA. [German, Robert R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, CJ (reprint author), Canc Data Registry Idaho, 615 N 7th St, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM cjohnson@teamiha.org FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00574] FX This project was completed by the state cancer registry of Idaho and ICF Macro under contract 200-2002-00574 from the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-7910 J9 AM J FOREN MED PATH JI Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1097/PAF.0b013e318219877e PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal; Pathology SC Legal Medicine; Pathology GA 943BM UT WOS:000304095400009 PM 21490500 ER PT J AU Finkelstein, EA Khavjou, OA Thompson, H Trogdon, JG Pan, LP Sherry, B Dietz, W AF Finkelstein, Eric A. Khavjou, Olga A. Thompson, Hope Trogdon, Justin G. Pan, Liping Sherry, Bettylou Dietz, William TI Obesity and Severe Obesity Forecasts Through 2030 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; ADULTS; EPIDEMIC; COST AB Background: Previous efforts to forecast future trends in obesity applied linear forecasts assuming that the rise in obesity would continue unabated. However, evidence suggests that obesity prevalence may be leveling off. Purpose: This study presents estimates of adult obesity and severe obesity prevalence through 2030 based on nonlinear regression models. The forecasted results are then used to simulate the savings that could be achieved through modestly successful obesity prevention efforts. Methods: The study was conducted in 2009-2010 and used data from the 1990 through 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The analysis sample included nonpregnant adults aged >= 18 years. The individual-level BRFSS variables were supplemented with state-level variables from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the American Chamber of Commerce Research Association, and the Census of Retail Trade. Future obesity and severe obesity prevalence were estimated through regression modeling by projecting trends in explanatory variables expected to influence obesity prevalence. Results: Linear time trend forecasts suggest that by 2030, 51% of the population will be obese. The model estimates a much lower obesity prevalence of 42% and severe obesity prevalence of 11%. If obesity were to remain at 2010 levels, the combined savings in medical expenditures over the next 2 decades would be $549.5 billion. Conclusions: The study estimates a 33% increase in obesity prevalence and a 130% increase in severe obesity prevalence over the next 2 decades. If these forecasts prove accurate, this will further hinder efforts for healthcare cost containment. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 42(6): 563-570) (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc C1 [Khavjou, Olga A.; Thompson, Hope; Trogdon, Justin G.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Finkelstein, Eric A.] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Hlth Serv & Syst Res Program, Singapore, Singapore. [Finkelstein, Eric A.] Duke Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Pan, Liping; Sherry, Bettylou; Dietz, William] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Trogdon, JG (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jtrogdon@rti.org FU CDC [2000-2008-27958] FX This work was funded by the CDC under contract number 2000-2008-27958. Findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC or RTI International. This information is distributed solely for the purpose of pre-dissemination peer review under applicable information quality guidelines. It has not been formally disseminated by the CDC. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. NR 24 TC 281 Z9 283 U1 3 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.026 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 942ZT UT WOS:000304090900003 PM 22608371 ER PT J AU Esser, MB Kanny, D Brewer, RD Naimi, TS AF Esser, Marissa B. Kanny, Dafna Brewer, Robert D. Naimi, Timothy S. TI Binge Drinking Intensity A Comparison of Two Measures SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; US ADULTS; HARMS; RECALL; ONSET; AGE AB Background: Binge drinking (>= 4 drinks for women; >= 5 drinks for men, per occasion) is responsible for more than half of the estimated 80,000 U. S. deaths annually and three-quarters of the $223.5 billion in costs in 2006. Binge drinking prevalence is assessed more commonly than binge drinking intensity (i.e., number of drinks consumed per binge episode). Risk of binge drinking-related harm increases with intensity, and thus it is important to monitor. The largest number of drinks consumed is assessed in health surveys, but its usefulness for assessing binge intensity is unknown. Purpose: To assess the agreement between two potential measures of binge drinking intensity: the largest number of drinks consumed by binge drinkers (maximum-drinks) and the total number of drinks consumed during their most recent binge episode (drinks-per-binge). Methods: Data were analyzed from 7909 adult binge drinkers from 14 states responding to the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) binge drinking module. Mean and median drinks-per-binge from that module were compared to mean and median maximum-drinks. Analyses were conducted in 2010-2011. Results: Mean (8.2) and median (5.9) maximum-drinks were strongly correlated with mean (7.4) and median (5.4) drinks-per-binge (r = 0.57). These measures were also strongly correlated across most sociodemographic and drinking categories overall and within states. Conclusions: The maximum-drinks consumed by binge drinkers is a practical method for assessing binge drinking intensity and thus can be used to plan and evaluate Community Guide-recommended strategies for preventing binge drinking (e. g., increasing the price of alcoholic beverages and regulating alcohol outlet density). (Am J Prev Med 2012; 42(6): 625-629) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Esser, Marissa B.; Kanny, Dafna; Brewer, Robert D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Alcohol Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch,Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Naimi, Timothy S.] Boston Univ, Gen Internal Med Sect, Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Kanny, D (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Alcohol Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch,Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dkanny@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 625 EP 629 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.001 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 942ZT UT WOS:000304090900013 PM 22608381 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, ML Glasgow, RE Kramer, BS AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta L. Glasgow, Russell E. Kramer, Barnett S. TI A Population Approach to Precision Medicine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID GENOMIC MEDICINE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; CANCER; PREVENTION; AGENDA; CARE; OPPORTUNITIES; 21ST-CENTURY; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The term P4 medicine is used to denote an evolving field of medicine that uses systems biology approaches and information technologies to enhance wellness rather than just treat disease. Its four components include predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory medicine. In the current paper, it is argued that in order to fulfill the promise of P4 medicine, a "fifth P" must be integrated-the population perspective-into each of the other four components. A population perspective integrates predictive medicine into the ecologic model of health; applies principles of population screening to preventive medicine; uses evidence-based practice to personalize medicine; and grounds participatory medicine on the three core functions of public health: assessment, policy development, and assurance. Population sciences-including epidemiology; behavioral, social, and communication sciences; and health economics, implementation science, and outcomes research-are needed to show the value of P4 medicine. Balanced strategies that implement both population-and individual-level interventions can best maximize health benefits, minimize harm, and avoid unnecessary healthcare costs. (Am J Prev Med 2012; 42(6): 639-645) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta L.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Glasgow, Russell E.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kramer, Barnett S.] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), CDC, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 64 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 639 EP 645 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.02.012 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 942ZT UT WOS:000304090900015 PM 22608383 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Atrash, HK Odame, I Amendah, D Piel, FB Williams, TN AF Grosse, Scott D. Atrash, Hani K. Odame, Isaac Amendah, Djesika Piel, Frederic B. Williams, Thomas N. TI The Jamaican Historical Experience of the Impact of Educational Interventions on Sickle Cell Disease Child Mortality SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID SURVIVAL; LESSONS; COHORT C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Atrash, Hani K.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Odame, Isaac] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Paediat, Div Haematol Oncol,Fac Med, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Amendah, Djesika] African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Piel, Frederic B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Spatial Ecol & Epidemiol Grp, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Williams, Thomas N.] KEMRI Ctr Geog Med Res Coast, Kilifi, Kenya. [Williams, Thomas N.] INDEPTH Network Demog Surveillance Sites, Accra, Ghana. [Williams, Thomas N.] Univ Oxford, Dept Pediat, Oxford, England. [Williams, Thomas N.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov OI Piel, Frederic B./0000-0001-8131-7728 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; Wellcome Trust [091758, 092654] NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP E101 EP E103 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.005 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 942ZT UT WOS:000304090900002 PM 22608387 ER PT J AU Mainous, AG Weinberg, ED Diaz, VA Johnson, SP Hulihan, MM Grant, AM AF Mainous, Arch G., III Weinberg, Eugene D. Diaz, Vanessa A. Johnson, Sharleen P. Hulihan, Mary M. Grant, Althea M. TI Calcium channel blocker use and serum ferritin in adults with hypertension SO BIOMETALS LA English DT Article DE Calcium channel blockers; Serum ferritin; NHANES ID IRON-OVERLOAD CARDIOMYOPATHY; HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; AMERICAN-COLLEGE; PHYSICIANS; CHELATORS AB Iron overload cardiomyopathy is becoming more prevalent, and early recognition and intervention may alter outcomes. Calcium channels are key transporters of iron under iron-overloaded conditions, and potentially represent a new therapeutic target for iron overload. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Calcium channel blocker (CCB) use and serum ferritin among adults with diagnosed hypertension. We analyzed the nationally representative NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 1999-2002 for adults a parts per thousand yen40 years with diagnosed hypertension. The association between CCBs and serum ferritin was assessed using a t-test and adjusted multiple regressions.The study population included 2143 individuals (representing 37.4 million individuals, 42.0 % males). 12.6 % of the population reported taking CCBs in the last month. Individuals taking CCBs had lower mean serum ferritin (129.3 ng/mL versus 154.5 ng/mL, p = 0.02). After adjusting for age, sex, menopause and hysterectomy status for women, race/ethnicity, and C-reactive protein, mean serum ferritin for individuals taking CCBs was 26.3 ng/mL lower than for those not taking CCBs (p = 0.01). In an adjusted regression, individuals who took CCBs and had a daily vitamin C intake of a parts per thousand yen500 mg had a mean serum ferritin that was 60.1 ng/mL lower than people not taking CCBs and with daily vitamin C < 500 mg (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study found an association between use of CCBs and lower serum ferritin levels in individuals with hypertension. Further studies are needed to assess the possible use of CCBs as non-traditional chelating agents for treatment of iron overload cardiomyopathy. C1 [Mainous, Arch G., III; Diaz, Vanessa A.; Johnson, Sharleen P.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Family Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Weinberg, Eugene D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA. [Hulihan, Mary M.; Grant, Althea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mainous, AG (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Family Med, 295 Calhoun St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM mainouag@musc.edu OI Mainous, Arch/0000-0002-2535-7685 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01DD000754-01] FX Funded in part by cooperative agreement 1U01DD000754-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. As a cooperative agreement, authors Mary M. Hulihan and Althea M. Grant from the Centers of Disease Control helped in all aspects of this study. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0966-0844 J9 BIOMETALS JI Biometals PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 3 BP 563 EP 568 DI 10.1007/s10534-012-9536-8 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 943FF UT WOS:000304105200008 PM 22411599 ER PT J AU Willis, MD Winston, CA Heilig, CM Cain, KP Walter, ND Mac Kenzie, WR AF Willis, Matthew D. Winston, Carla A. Heilig, Charles M. Cain, Kevin P. Walter, Nicholas D. Mac Kenzie, William R. TI Seasonality of Tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; POLYMORPHISMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; WOMEN AB Background. Although seasonal variation in tuberculosis incidence has been described in several recent studies, the mechanism underlying this seasonality remains unknown. Seasonality of tuberculosis disease may indicate the presence of season-specific risk factors that could potentially be controlled if they were better understood. We conducted this study to determine whether tuberculosis is seasonal in the United States and to describe patterns of seasonality in specific populations. Methods. We performed a time series decomposition analysis of tuberculosis cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1993 through 2008. Seasonal amplitude of tuberculosis disease (the difference between the months with the highest and lowest mean case counts), was calculated for the population as a whole and for populations with select demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics. Results. A total of 243 432 laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis cases were reported over a period of 16 years. A mean of 21.4% more cases were diagnosed in March, the peak month, compared with November, the trough month. The magnitude of seasonality did not vary with latitude. The greatest seasonal amplitude was found among children aged < 5 years and in cases associated with disease clusters. Conclusions. Tuberculosis is a seasonal disease in the United States, with a peak in spring and trough in late fall. The latitude independence of seasonality suggests that reduced winter sunlight exposure may not be a strong contributor to tuberculosis risk. Increased seasonality among young children and clustered cases suggests that disease that is the result of recent transmission is more influenced by season than disease resulting from activation of latent infection. C1 [Winston, Carla A.; Heilig, Charles M.; Cain, Kevin P.; Mac Kenzie, William R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Willis, Matthew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walter, Nicholas D.] Univ Colorado, Div Pulm Sci & Crit Care Med, Aurora, CO USA. RP Willis, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E 10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mwillis@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008; Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310; Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339 FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC. No direct funding was received for this study. No funding bodies had any role in the study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions of this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 40 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1553 EP 1560 DI 10.1093/cid/cis235 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942MO UT WOS:000304048400006 PM 22474225 ER PT J AU Noti, JD Lindsley, WG Blachere, FM Cao, G Kashon, ML Thewlis, RE McMillen, CM King, WP Szalajda, JV Beezhold, DH AF Noti, John D. Lindsley, William G. Blachere, Francoise M. Cao, Gang Kashon, Michael L. Thewlis, Robert E. McMillen, Cynthia M. King, William P. Szalajda, Jonathan V. Beezhold, Donald H. TI Detection of Infectious Influenza Virus in Cough Aerosols Generated in a Simulated Patient Examination Room SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; RESPIRATORY VIRUSES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; N95 RESPIRATORS; SURGICAL MASK; A VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION; PERFORMANCE; TEMPERATURE; CONTACT AB Background. The potential for aerosol transmission of infectious influenza virus (ie, in healthcare facilities) is controversial. We constructed a simulated patient examination room that contained coughing and breathing manikins to determine whether coughed influenza was infectious and assessed the effectiveness of an N95 respirator and surgical mask in blocking transmission. Methods. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health aerosol samplers collected size-fractionated aerosols for 60 minutes at the mouth of the breathing manikin, beside the mouth, and at 3 other locations in the room. Total recovered virus was quantitated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and infectivity was determined by the viral plaque assay and an enhanced infectivity assay. Results. Infectious influenza was recovered in all aerosol fractions (5.0% in > 4 mu m aerodynamic diameter, 75.5% in 1-4 mu m, and 19.5% in < 1 mu m; n = 5). Tightly sealing a mask to the face blocked entry of 94.5% of total virus and 94.8% of infectious virus (n = 3). A tightly sealed respirator blocked 99.8% of total virus and 99.6% of infectious virus (n = 3). A poorly fitted respirator blocked 64.5% of total virus and 66.5% of infectious virus (n = 3). A mask documented to be loosely fitting by a PortaCount fit tester, to simulate how masks are worn by healthcare workers, blocked entry of 68.5% of total virus and 56.6% of infectious virus (n = 2). Conclusions. These results support a role for aerosol transmission and represent the first reported laboratory study of the efficacy of masks and respirators in blocking inhalation of influenza in aerosols. The results indicate that a poorly fitted respirator performs no better than a loosely fitting mask. C1 [Noti, John D.] CDC, NIOSH, HELD, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Noti, John D.; Lindsley, William G.; Blachere, Francoise M.; Kashon, Michael L.; Thewlis, Robert E.; McMillen, Cynthia M.; Beezhold, Donald H.] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NIOSH, HELD, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [McMillen, Cynthia M.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [King, William P.; Szalajda, Jonathan V.] CDC, NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Policy & Stand Dev Branch, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Cao, Gang] Shen Zhen Univ Xi Li, Shen Zhen Grad Sch, Harbin Inst Technol, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. RP Noti, JD (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, HELD, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ivr2@cdc.gov OI Lindsley, William/0000-0003-0720-5829 FU NIOSH; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by NIOSH and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1569 EP 1577 DI 10.1093/cid/cis237 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942MO UT WOS:000304048400008 PM 22460981 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Arana, J Cano, M Menschik, D Yue, X Lewis, P Haber, P Martin, D Broder, K AF Moro, Pedro L. Arana, Jorge Cano, Maria Menschik, David Yue, Xin Lewis, Paige Haber, Penina Martin, David Broder, Karen TI Postlicensure Safety Surveillance for High-Dose Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, 1 July 2010-31 December 2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; OCULORESPIRATORY SYNDROME; IMMUNIZATION; RISK; IMMUNOGENICITY; COLLECTION; RECURRENCE; GUIDELINES; TRIAL AB Background. In December 2009, a new high-dose, trivalent, inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV-HD) was licensed for adults aged >= 65 years. We characterized clinical patterns of reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) among older adults who received TIV-HD. Methods. We searched VAERS for reports involving persons aged >= 65 years who received TIV-HD or TIV (standard dose) from 1 July 2010 through 31 December 2010. Medical records were requested for serious reports (ie, those associated with death, hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization, life-threatening illness, or disability). Clinicians reviewed information and assigned a diagnostic category to each report. Empirical Bayesian data mining was used to identify disproportional reporting following TIV-HD in VAERS. Reporting rates were calculated for reports of Guillain-Barre syndrome and anaphylaxis. Results. VAERS received 606 reports after TIV-HD in persons aged >= 65 years (8.2% of reports involved serious events). The number of reports yielded by searches using the terms "ocular hyperemia" and "vomiting" exceeded the data mining threshold; > 80% of these reports were nonserious. Clinical review of serious reports found that a greater proportion involving gastrointestinal events were made after TIV-HD receipt (5 of 51 [9.8%]) than after TIV receipt (1 of 123 [0.8%]). Four persons who received TIV-HD had gastroenteritis, and 1 had multiple gastrointestinal symptoms; all recovered. A higher proportion of cardiac events were noted after receipt of TIV-HD (9 of 51 [17.6%]) than after receipt of TIV (6 of 123 [4.9%]). No concerning clinical pattern was apparent. The reporting rates of Guillain-Barre syndrome and anaphylaxis after TIV-HD receipt were 1.4 and 1.0 reports per million doses distributed, respectively. Conclusions. During the first year after US licensure of TIV-HD, no new serious safety concerns were identified in VAERS. Our analyses suggested a clinically important imbalance between the reported and expected number of gastrointestinal events after TIV-HD receipt. Future studies should assess this potential association. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Arana, Jorge; Cano, Maria; Yue, Xin; Lewis, Paige; Haber, Penina; Broder, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Menschik, David; Martin, David] Food & Drug Adm, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Off Biostatist & Epidemiol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS-D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM psm9@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 11 BP 1608 EP 1614 DI 10.1093/cid/cis256 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942MO UT WOS:000304048400014 PM 22441652 ER PT J AU Ailes, E Scallan, E Berkelman, RL Kleinbaum, DG Tauxe, RV Moe, CL AF Ailes, Elizabeth Scallan, Elaine Berkelman, Ruth L. Kleinbaum, David G. Tauxe, Robert V. Moe, Christine L. TI Do Differences in Risk Factors, Medical Care Seeking, or Medical Practices Explain the Geographic Variation in Campylobacteriosis in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; PATHOGENS; ILLNESS; BURDEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IMMUNITY; DECLINE; CULTURE AB Background. In the United States, considerable geographic variation in the rates of culture-confirmed Campylobacter infection has been consistently observed among sites participating in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Methods. We used data from the FoodNet Population Surveys and a FoodNet case-control study of sporadic infection to examine whether differences in medical care seeking, medical practices, or risk factors contributed to geographic variation in incidence. Results. We found differences across the FoodNet sites in the proportion of persons seeking medical care for an acute campylobacteriosis-like illness (range, 24.9%-43.5%) and in the proportion of ill persons who submitted a stool sample (range, 18.6%-40.7%), but these differences were not statistically significant. We found no evidence of geographic effect modification of previously identified risk factors for campylobacteriosis in the case-control study analysis. The prevalence of some exposures varied among control subjects in the FoodNet sites, including the proportion of controls reporting eating chicken at a commercial eating establishment (18.2%-46.1%); contact with animal stool (8.9%-30.9%); drinking water from a lake, river, or stream (0%-5.1%); and contact with a farm animal (2.1%-12.7%). However, these differences do not fully explain the geographic variation in campylobacteriosis. Conclusions. Future studies that quantify Campylobacter contamination in poultry or variation in host immunity may be useful in identifying sources of this geographic variation in incidence. C1 [Ailes, Elizabeth; Berkelman, Ruth L.; Kleinbaum, David G.; Moe, Christine L.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Moe, Christine L.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ailes, Elizabeth; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ailes, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eailes@cdc.gov RI Moe, Christine/G-6118-2012 FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network," sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S464 EP S471 DI 10.1093/cid/cis050 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900015 PM 22572671 ER PT J AU Chai, SJ White, PL Lathrop, SL Solghan, SM Medus, C McGlinchey, BM Tobin-D'Angelo, M Marcus, R Mahon, BE AF Chai, Shua J. White, Patricia L. Lathrop, Sarah L. Solghan, Suzanne M. Medus, Carlota McGlinchey, Beth M. Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Marcus, Ruthanne Mahon, Barbara E. TI Salmonella enterica Serotype Enteritidis: Increasing Incidence of Domestically Acquired Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; 5 FOODNET SITES; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; EGGS; PATHOGENS; TRENDS AB Background. Salmonella enterica causes an estimated 1 million cases of domestically acquired foodborne illness in humans annually in the United States; Enteritidis (SE) is the most common serotype. Public health authorities, regulatory agencies, food producers, and food processors need accurate information about rates and changes in SE infection to implement and evaluate evidence-based control policies and practices. Methods. We analyzed the incidence of human SE infection during 1996-2009 in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), an active, population-based surveillance system for laboratory-confirmed infections. We compared FoodNet incidence with passively collected data from complementary surveillance systems and with rates of SE isolation from processed chickens and egg products; shell eggs are not routinely tested. We also compared molecular subtyping patterns of SE isolated from humans and chickens. Results. Since the period 1996-1999, the incidence of human SE infection in FoodNet has increased by 44%. This change is mirrored in passive national surveillance data. The greatest relative increases were in young children, older adults, and FoodNet sites in the southern United States. The proportion of patients with SE infection who reported recent international travel has decreased in recent years, whereas the proportion of chickens from which SE was isolated has increased. Similar molecular subtypes of SE are commonly isolated from humans and chickens. Conclusions. Most SE infections in the United States are acquired from domestic sources, and the problem is growing. Chicken and eggs are likely major sources of SE. Continued close attention to surveillance data is needed to monitor the impact of recent regulatory control measures. C1 [Chai, Shua J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [White, Patricia L.] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Omaha, NE USA. [Lathrop, Sarah L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Pathol, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Solghan, Suzanne M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Medus, Carlota] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Acute Dis Invest & Control Sect, St Paul, MN USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marcus, Ruthanne] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Chai, SJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM schai@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network," sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 40 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S488 EP S497 DI 10.1093/cid/cis231 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900018 PM 22572674 ER PT J AU Clogher, P Hurd, S Hoefer, D Hadler, JL Pasutti, L Cosgrove, S Segler, S Tobin-D'Angelo, M Nicholson, C Booth, H Garman, K Mody, RK Gould, LH AF Clogher, Paula Hurd, Sharon Hoefer, Dina Hadler, James L. Pasutti, Lauren Cosgrove, Shaun Segler, Suzanne Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Nicholson, Cindy Booth, Hillary Garman, Katie Mody, Rajal K. Gould, L. Hannah TI Assessment of Physician Knowledge and Practices Concerning Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infection and Enteric Illness, 2009, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PATHOGENS AB Background. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections cause acute diarrheal illness and sometimes life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Escherichia coli O157 is the most common STEC, although the number of reported non-O157 STEC infections is growing with the increased availability and use of enzyme immunoassay testing, which detects the presence of Shiga toxin in stool specimens. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of STEC infection facilitates appropriate therapy and may improve patient outcomes. Methods. We mailed 2400 surveys to physicians in 8 Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites to assess their knowledge and practices regarding STEC testing, treatment, and reporting, and their interpretation of Shiga toxin test results. Results. Of 1102 completed surveys, 955 were included in this analysis. Most (83%) physicians reported often or always ordering a culture of bloody stool specimens; 49% believed that their laboratory routinely tested for STEC O157, and 30% believed that testing for non-O157 STEC was also included in a routine stool culture. Forty-two percent of physicians were aware that STEC, other than O157, can cause HUS, and 34% correctly interpreted a positive Shiga toxin test result. All STEC knowledge-related factors were strongly associated with correct interpretation of a positive Shiga toxin test result. Conclusions. Identification and management of STEC infection depends on laboratories testing for STEC and physicians ordering and correctly interpreting results of Shiga toxin tests. Although overall knowledge of STEC was low, physicians who had more knowledge were more likely to correctly interpret a Shiga toxin test result. Physician knowledge of STEC may be modifiable through educational interventions. C1 [Clogher, Paula; Hurd, Sharon; Hadler, James L.] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Hoefer, Dina] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Mody, Rajal K.; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pasutti, Lauren] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Cosgrove, Shaun] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Segler, Suzanne; Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nicholson, Cindy] New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Booth, Hillary] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Garman, Katie] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Clogher, P (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, 1 Church St,7th Fl, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM paula.clogher@yale.edu FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S446 EP S452 DI 10.1093/cid/cis246 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900012 PM 22572668 ER PT J AU Cronquist, AB Mody, RK Atkinson, R Besser, J D'Angelo, MT Hurd, S Robinson, T Nicholson, C Mahon, BE AF Cronquist, Alicia B. Mody, Rajal K. Atkinson, Robyn Besser, John D'Angelo, Melissa Tobin Hurd, Sharon Robinson, Trisha Nicholson, Cynthia Mahon, Barbara E. TI Impacts of Culture-Independent Diagnostic Practices on Public Health Surveillance for Bacterial Enteric Pathogens SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; FOODBORNE ILLNESS; SALMONELLA; CAMPYLOBACTER; DIARRHEA; ETIOLOGY; BURDEN; ASSAY AB For decades, culture has been the mainstay of diagnostic testing for bacterial enteric pathogens. This paradigm is changing as clinical laboratories adopt culture-independent methods, such as antigen-based tests and nucleic acid-based assays. Public health surveillance for enteric infections addresses 4 interrelated but distinct objectives: case investigation for localized disease control; assessment of disease burden and trends to prioritize and assess impact of population-based control measures; outbreak detection; and microbiologic characterization to improve understanding of pathogens, their virulence mechanisms, and epidemiology. We summarize the challenges and opportunities that culture-independent tests present and suggest strategies, such as validation studies and development of culture-independent tests compatible with subtyping, that could be adopted to ensure that surveillance remains robust. Many of these approaches will require time and resources to implement, but they will be necessary to maintain a strong surveillance system. Public health practitioners must clearly explain the value of surveillance, especially how outbreak detection benefits the public, and collaborate with all stakeholders to develop solutions. C1 [Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol Div, Denver, CO 80426 USA. [Mody, Rajal K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Besser, John; Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [D'Angelo, Melissa Tobin] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Atkinson, Robyn] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Robinson, Trisha] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Nicholson, Cynthia] Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Cronquist, AB (reprint author), Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol Div, 4300 Cherry Creek Dr S, Denver, CO 80426 USA. EM alicia.cronquist@state.co.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This publication was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S432 EP S439 DI 10.1093/cid/cis267 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900010 PM 22572666 ER PT J AU Hale, CR Scallan, E Cronquist, AB Dunn, J Smith, K Robinson, T Lathrop, S Tobin-D'Angelo, M Clogher, P AF Hale, Christa R. Scallan, Elaine Cronquist, Alicia B. Dunn, John Smith, Kirk Robinson, Trisha Lathrop, Sarah Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Clogher, Paula TI Estimates of Enteric Illness Attributable to Contact With Animals and Their Environments in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; CONTAMINATED DRY DOG; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; RISK-FACTORS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; PETTING ZOO; FOODBORNE DISEASES; TURTLE EXPOSURE; FOODNET SITES; DAY CAMP AB Background. Contact with animals and their environment is an important, and often preventable, route of transmission for enteric pathogens. This study estimated the annual burden of illness attributable to animal contact for 7 groups of pathogens: Campylobacter species, Cryptosporidium species, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, STEC non-O157, Listeria monocytogenes, nontyphoidal Salmonella species, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Methods. By using data from the US Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and other sources, we estimated the proportion of illnesses attributable to animal contact for each pathogen and applied those proportions to the estimated annual number of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths among US residents. We established credible intervals (CrIs) for each estimate. Results. We estimated that 14% of all illnesses caused by these 7 groups of pathogens were attributable to animal contact. This estimate translates to 445 213 (90% CrI, 234 197-774 839) illnesses annually for the 7 groups combined. Campylobacter species caused an estimated 187 481 illnesses annually (90% CrI, 66 259-372 359), followed by nontyphoidal Salmonella species (127 155; 90% CrI, 66 502-219 886) and Cryptosporidium species (113 344; 90% CrI, 22 570-299 243). Of an estimated 4933 hospitalizations (90% CrI, 2704-7914), the majority were attributable to nontyphoidal Salmonella (48%), Campylobacter (38%), and Cryptosporidium (8%) species. Nontyphoidal Salmonella (62%), Campylobacter (22%), and Cryptosporidium (9%) were also responsible for the majority of the estimated 76 deaths (90% CrI, 5-211). Conclusions. Animal contact is an important transmission route for multiple major enteric pathogens. Continued efforts are needed to prevent pathogen transmission from animals to humans, including increasing awareness and encouraging hand hygiene. C1 [Hale, Christa R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hale, Christa R.; Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Dunn, John] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Smith, Kirk; Robinson, Trisha] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Lathrop, Sarah] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Clogher, Paula] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. RP Hale, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crhale@cdc.gov FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network," sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 40 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S472 EP S479 DI 10.1093/cid/cis051 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900016 PM 22572672 ER PT J AU Hall, RL Jones, JL Hurd, S Smith, G Mahon, BE Herwaldt, BL AF Hall, Rebecca L. Jones, Jeffrey L. Hurd, Sharon Smith, Glenda Mahon, Barbara E. Herwaldt, Barbara L. TI Population-Based Active Surveillance for Cyclospora Infection-United States, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 1997-2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMPORTED RASPBERRIES; OUTBREAK; CAYETANENSIS AB Background. Cyclosporiasis is an enteric disease caused by the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. Since the mid-1990s, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been notified of cases through various reporting and surveillance mechanisms. Methods. We summarized data regarding laboratory-confirmed cases of Cyclospora infection reported during 1997-2009 via the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), which gradually expanded to include 10 sites (Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oregon, Tennessee, and selected counties in California, Colorado, and New York) that represent approximately 15% of the US population. Since 2004, the number of sites has remained constant and data on the international travel history and outbreak status of cases have been collected. Results. A total of 370 cases were reported, 70.3% (260) of which were in residents of Connecticut (134 [36.2%]) and Georgia (126 [34.1%]), which on average during this 13-year period accounted for 29.0% of the total FoodNet population under surveillance. Positive stool specimens were collected in all months of the year, with a peak in June and July (208 cases [56.2%]). Approximately half (48.6%) of the 185 cases reported during 2004-2009 were associated with international travel, known outbreaks, or both. Conclusions. The reported cases were concentrated in time (spring and summer) and place (2 of 10 sites). The extent to which the geographic concentration reflects higher rates of testing, more sensitive testing methods, or higher exposure/infection rates is unknown. Clinicians should include Cyclospora infection in the differential diagnosis of prolonged or relapsing diarrheal illness and explicitly request stool examinations for this parasite. C1 [Hall, Rebecca L.; Jones, Jeffrey L.; Herwaldt, Barbara L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hall, Rebecca L.] LifeSource Biomed LLC, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Smith, Glenda] New York State Dept Hlth, New York Emerging Infect Program, Geneva, NY USA. [Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Enter Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rhall4@cdc.gov RI Hall, Rebecca/B-9381-2013 OI Hall, Rebecca/0000-0002-7743-630X FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S411 EP S417 DI 10.1093/cid/cis049 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900006 PM 22572662 ER PT J AU Henao, OL Crim, SM Hoekstra, RM AF Henao, Olga L. Crim, Stacy M. Hoekstra, Robert M. TI Calculating a Measure of Overall Change in the Incidence of Selected Laboratory-Confirmed Infections With Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 1996-2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRENDS AB To measure overall change in the incidence of illness, we combined data for infections caused by 6 bacterial pathogens monitored by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network for which > 50% of illnesses are estimated to be transmitted by food. The overall incidence for these pathogens was 23% lower in 2010 than during the period 1996-1998. This estimate provides a summary of changes in incidence of infection for these pathogens. C1 [Henao, Olga L.; Crim, Stacy M.; Hoekstra, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Henao, OL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ohenao@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; US Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This publication was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the US Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S418 EP S420 DI 10.1093/cid/cis244 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900007 PM 22572663 ER PT J AU Hurd, S Patrick, M Hatch, J Clogher, P Wymore, K Cronquist, AB Segler, S Robinson, T Hanna, S Smith, G Fitzgerald, C AF Hurd, Sharon Patrick, Mary Hatch, Julie Clogher, Paula Wymore, Katie Cronquist, Alicia B. Segler, Suzanne Robinson, Trisha Hanna, Samir Smith, Glenda Fitzgerald, Collette TI Clinical Laboratory Practices for the Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites: Baseline Information for Understanding Changes in Surveillance Data SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PATHOGENS; INFECTION; CULTURE AB Background. Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States. Understanding laboratory practices is essential to interpreting incidence and trends in reported campylobacteriosis over time and provides a baseline for evaluating the increasing use of culture-independent diagnostic methods for Campylobacter infection. Methods. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts surveillance for laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter infections. In 2005, FoodNet conducted a survey of clinical laboratories to describe routine practices used for isolation and identification of Campylobacter. A profile was assigned to laboratories based on complete responses to key survey questions that could impact the recovery and isolation of Campylobacter from stool specimens. Results. Of 411 laboratories testing on-site for Campylobacter, 97% used only culture methods. Among those responding to the individual questions, nearly all used transport medium (97%) and incubated at 42 degrees C (94%); however, most deviated from existing guidelines in other areas: 68% held specimens in transport medium at room temperature before plating, 51% used Campy blood agar plate medium, 52% read plates at < 72 hours of incubation, and 14% batched plates before placing them in a microaerobic environment. In all, there were 106 testing algorithms among 214 laboratories with a complete profile; only 16 laboratories were fully adherent to existing guidelines. Conclusions. Although most laboratories used culture-based methods, procedures differed widely and most did not adhere to existing guidelines, likely resulting in underdiagnosis. Given the availability of new culture-independent testing methods, these data highlight a clear need to develop best practice recommendations for Campylobacter infection diagnostic testing. C1 [Hurd, Sharon] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Patrick, Mary; Fitzgerald, Collette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hatch, Julie] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Wymore, Katie] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Segler, Suzanne] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robinson, Trisha] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Hanna, Samir] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Smith, Glenda] New York State Emerging Infect Program, Rochester, NY USA. RP Hurd, S (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, 1 Church St,7th Fl, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM sharon.hurd@yale.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; US Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the US Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S440 EP S445 DI 10.1093/cid/cis245 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900011 PM 22572667 ER PT J AU Kendall, ME Crim, S Fullerton, K Han, PV Cronquist, AB Shiferaw, B Ingram, LA Rounds, J Mintz, ED Mahon, BE AF Kendall, Magdalena E. Crim, Stacy Fullerton, Kathleen Han, Pauline V. Cronquist, Alicia B. Shiferaw, Beletshachew Ingram, L. Amanda Rounds, Joshua Mintz, Eric D. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Travel-Associated Enteric Infections Diagnosed After Return to the United States, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2004-2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL; DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENS; ILLNESS; TRENDS; FEVER AB Background. Approximately 40% of US travelers to less developed countries experience diarrheal illness. Using data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), we describe travel-associated enteric infections during 2004-2009, characterizing the patients, pathogens, and destinations involved. Methods. FoodNet conducts active surveillance at 10 US sites for laboratory-confirmed infections with 9 pathogens transmitted commonly through food. Travel-associated infections are infections diagnosed in the United States but likely acquired abroad based on a pathogen-specific time window between return from international travel to diagnosis. We compare the demographic, clinical, and exposure-related characteristics of travelers with those of nontravelers and estimate the risk of travel-associated infections by destination, using US Department of Commerce data. Results. Of 64 039 enteric infections reported to FoodNet with information about travel, 8270 (13%) were travel associated. The pathogens identified most commonly in travelers were Campylobacter (42%), nontyphoidal Salmonella (32%), and Shigella (13%). The most common travel destinations were Mexico, India, Peru, Dominican Republic, and Jamaica. Most travel-associated infections occurred in travelers returning from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Risk was greatest after travel to Africa (75.9 cases per 100 000 population), followed by Asia (22.7 cases per 100 000), and LAC (20.0 cases per 100 000). Conclusions. The Latin America and Caribbean region accounts for most travel-associated enteric infections diagnosed in the United States, although travel to Africa carries the greatest risk. Although FoodNet surveillance does not cover enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, a common travel-associated infection, this information about other key enteric pathogens can be used by travelers and clinicians in pre- and posttravel consultations. C1 [Kendall, Magdalena E.; Crim, Stacy; Fullerton, Kathleen; Han, Pauline V.; Mintz, Eric D.; Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kendall, Magdalena E.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cronquist, Alicia B.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Rounds, Joshua] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Shiferaw, Beletshachew] Oregon State Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Ingram, L. Amanda] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Kendall, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkendall@cdc.gov FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S480 EP S487 DI 10.1093/cid/cis052 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900017 PM 22572673 ER PT J AU Manikonda, K Palmer, A Wymore, K McMillian, M Nicholson, C Hurd, S Hoefer, D Tobin-D'Angelo, M Cosgrove, S Lyons, C Lathrop, S Hedican, E Patrick, M AF Manikonda, Karunya Palmer, Amanda Wymore, Katie McMillian, Marcy Nicholson, Cynthia Hurd, Sharon Hoefer, Dina Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Cosgrove, Shaun Lyons, Carol Lathrop, Sarah Hedican, Erin Patrick, Mary TI Validating Deaths Reported in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet): Are All Deaths Being Captured? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PATHOGENS AB Accurate information about deaths is important when determining the human health and economic burden of foodborne diseases. We reviewed death certificate data to assess the accuracy of deaths reported to the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Data were highly accurate, and few deaths were missed through active surveillance. C1 [Manikonda, Karunya; Patrick, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Manikonda, Karunya] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Palmer, Amanda] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wymore, Katie] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [McMillian, Marcy] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Hoefer, Dina] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Hurd, Sharon; Lyons, Carol] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Cosgrove, Shaun] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Nicholson, Cynthia; Lathrop, Sarah] New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Hedican, Erin] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. RP Manikonda, K (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmanikonda@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This publication was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network," sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S421 EP S423 DI 10.1093/cid/cis266 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900008 PM 22572664 ER PT J AU Murphree, R Garman, K Phan, Q Everstine, K Gould, LH Jones, TF AF Murphree, Rendi Garman, Katie Quyen Phan Everstine, Karen Gould, L. Hannah Jones, Timothy F. TI Characteristics of Foodborne Disease Outbreak Investigations Conducted by Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites, 2003-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION AB Background. A mean of >= 1000 foodborne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) causing >= 20 000 illnesses are reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) annually. We evaluated characteristics of successful outbreak investigations (ie, those that identified an etiologic agent or food vehicle) in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Methods. FBDOs were defined as the occurrence of >= 2 cases of a similar illness resulting from ingestion of a common food. FBDOs reported to CDC Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System during 2003-2008 with FoodNet supplemental data available were included in the analyses. Results. Data regarding 1200 FBDOs were available. An etiologic agent was confirmed in 715 (60%); a food vehicle was identified in 387 (32%). At least 4 fecal specimens were collected in 425 of 639 outbreaks (67%) with a confirmed etiologic agent and 48 of 232 (21%) without a confirmed etiologic agent (odds ratio [OR], 7.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3-10.9). A food vehicle was identified in 314 (47%) of 671 outbreaks investigated using a case-control or cohort study, compared with only 73 (14%) of 529 outbreaks investigated by using other methods (OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 4.1-7.3). At least 1 barrier affecting the success of the investigation was reported for 655 outbreaks, including too few patients (n = 172; 26%), too few stool specimens (n = 167; 25%), and too few control subjects (n = 152; 23%). Conclusions. Etiologic agent and vehicle are frequently undetermined in FBDOs. Greater emphasis on fecal specimen collection and overcoming barriers to pursuing analytic epidemiologic studies can improve ascertainment of these factors. C1 [Murphree, Rendi; Garman, Katie; Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable Dis Serv, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Murphree, Rendi; Garman, Katie; Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Environm Dis Serv, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Murphree, Rendi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Quyen Phan] Connecticut Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Emerging Infect Program, Hartford, CT USA. [Everstine, Karen] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. RP Jones, TF (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable Dis Serv, 425 5th Ave N,1st Floor,Cordell Hull Bldg, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM tim.f.jones@tn.gov FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network," sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S498 EP S503 DI 10.1093/cid/cis232 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900019 PM 22572675 ER PT J AU Newton, A Kendall, M Vugia, DJ Henao, OL Mahon, BE AF Newton, Anna Kendall, Magdalena Vugia, Duc J. Henao, Olga L. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Increasing Rates of Vibriosis in the United States, 1996-2010: Review of Surveillance Data From 2 Systems SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS; OYSTERS; PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; VULNIFICUS; PATHOGENS AB Background. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention monitors vibriosis through 2 surveillance systems: the nationwide Cholera and Other Vibrio Illness Surveillance (COVIS) system and the 10-state Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). COVIS conducts passive surveillance and FoodNet conducts active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed Vibrio infections. Methods. We summarized Vibrio infections (excluding toxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139) reported to COVIS and FoodNet from 1996 through 2010. For each system, we calculated incidence rates using US Census Bureau population estimates for the surveillance area. Results. From 1996 to 2010, 7700 cases of vibriosis were reported to COVIS and 1519 to FoodNet. Annual incidence of reported vibriosis per 100 000 population increased from 1996 to 2010 in both systems, from 0.09 to 0.28 in COVIS and from 0.15 to 0.42 in FoodNet. The 3 commonly reported Vibrio species were V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. alginolyticus; both surveillance systems showed that the incidence of each increased. In both systems, most hospitalizations and deaths were caused by V. vulnificus infection, and most patients were white men. The number of cases peaked in the summer months. Conclusions. Surveillance data from both COVIS and FoodNet indicate that the incidence of vibriosis increased from 1996 to 2010 overall and for each of the 3 most commonly reported species. Epidemiologic patterns were similar in both systems. Current prevention efforts have failed to prevent increasing rates of vibriosis; more effective efforts will be needed to decrease rates. C1 [Newton, Anna; Kendall, Magdalena; Henao, Olga L.; Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Newton, Anna; Kendall, Magdalena] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn Inc, Decatur, GA USA. [Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Richmond, CA USA. RP Newton, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM aenewton@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; US Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the US Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 14 TC 75 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S391 EP S395 DI 10.1093/cid/cis243 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900003 PM 22572659 ER PT J AU Ong, KL Apostal, M Comstock, N Hurd, S Webb, TH Mickelson, S Scheftel, J Smith, G Shiferaw, B Boothe, E Gould, LH AF Ong, Kanyin L. Apostal, Mirasol Comstock, Nicole Hurd, Sharon Webb, Tameka Hayes Mickelson, Stephanie Scheftel, Joni Smith, Glenda Shiferaw, Beletshachew Boothe, Effie Gould, L. Hannah TI Strategies for Surveillance of Pediatric Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2000-2007 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Background. Postdiarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute kidney failure among US children. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts population-based surveillance of pediatric HUS to measure the incidence of disease and to validate surveillance trends in associated Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 infection. Methods. We report the incidence of pediatric HUS, which is defined as HUS in children < 18 years. We compare the results from provider-based surveillance and hospital discharge data review and examine the impact of different case definitions on the findings of the surveillance system. Results. During 2000-2007, 627 pediatric HUS cases were reported. Fifty-two percent of cases were classified as confirmed (diarrhea, anemia, microangiopathic changes, low platelet count, and acute renal impairment). The average annual crude incidence rate for all reported cases of pediatric HUS was 0.78 per 100 000 children < 18 years. Regardless of the case definition used, the year-to-year pattern of incidence appeared similar. More cases were captured by provider-based surveillance (76%) than by hospital discharge data review (68%); only 49% were identified by both methods. Conclusions. The overall incidence of pediatric HUS was affected by key characteristics of the surveillance system, including the method of ascertainment and the case definitions. However, year-to-year patterns were similar for all methods examined, suggesting that several approaches to HUS surveillance can be used to track trends. C1 [Ong, Kanyin L.; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ong, Kanyin L.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Apostal, Mirasol] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Comstock, Nicole] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Webb, Tameka Hayes] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mickelson, Stephanie] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Scheftel, Joni] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Smith, Glenda] New York Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Shiferaw, Beletshachew] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Portland, OR USA. [Boothe, Effie] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S424 EP S431 DI 10.1093/cid/cis208 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900009 PM 22572665 ER PT J AU Ong, KL Gould, LH Chen, DL Jones, TF Scheftel, J Webb, TH Mody, RK Mahon, BE AF Ong, Kanyin L. Gould, L. Hannah Chen, Daniel L. Jones, Timothy F. Scheftel, Joni Webb, Tameka Hayes Mody, Rajal K. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Changing Epidemiology of Yersinia enterocolitica Infections: Markedly Decreased Rates in Young Black Children, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 1996-2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFANTS AB Background. Yersinia enterocolitica causes an estimated 116 716 illnesses annually in the United States. Black children have historically had the highest rates of infection, with incidence peaking in the winter. Methods. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) conducts active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed Y. enterocolitica infections, defined as the isolation of Y. enterocolitica or unspeciated Yersinia from a human clinical specimen. We calculated the average annual crude incidence rate per 100 000 persons from 1996 through 2009 and described rates by age, race, and geographic site. To account for changes in the FoodNet catchment area, we used a negative binomial model to estimate statistical changes in incidence using the average annual incidence in 1996-1998 as the baseline. Results. From 1996 through 2009, 2085 Y. enterocolitica infections were reported to FoodNet. The average annual crude incidence was 0.5 per 100 000 persons and was highest in blacks (0.9 per 100 000 persons). Over time, the rate in blacks declined from 3.9 to 0.4 per 100 000 persons. Declines among other racial groups were not as pronounced. The largest decline occurred in black children < 5 years old (from 41.5 per 100 000 persons in 1996 to 3.5 per 100 000 persons in 2009). From 2007 through 2009, the highest rate of infection was in Asian children (5.1 per 100 000 persons). Compared with 1996-1998, the incidence in 2009 was 66% (95% confidence interval, 51%-77%) lower among children < 5 years old. Conclusions. Y. enterocolitica infections in FoodNet sites have significantly declined since 1996. These declines were greatest in young black children, the group that initially had the highest incidence, possibly as the result of educational efforts in Georgia. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Scheftel, Joni] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Webb, Tameka Hayes] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov FU Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S385 EP S390 DI 10.1093/cid/cis053 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900002 PM 22572658 ER PT J AU Pouillot, R Hoelzer, K Jackson, KA Henao, OL Silk, BJ AF Pouillot, Regis Hoelzer, Karin Jackson, Kelly A. Henao, Olga L. Silk, Benjamin J. TI Relative Risk of Listeriosis in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites According to Age, Pregnancy, and Ethnicity SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENGLAND; WALES AB Background. Quantitative estimates of the relative risk (RR) of listeriosis among higher-risk populations and a nuanced understanding of the age-specific risks are crucial for risk assessments, targeted interventions, and policy decisions. Method. The RR of invasive listeriosis was evaluated by age, pregnancy status, and ethnicity using 2004-2009 data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Nonparametric logistic regression was used to characterize changes in risk with age and ethnicity. Adjusted RRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated using negative binomial generalized linear models. Results. Among non-pregnancy-associated cases, listeriosis incidence rates increased gradually with age (45-59 years: RR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.3-6.8; > 85 years: RR, 53.8; 95% CI, 37.3-78.9; reference: 15-44 years). The RR was significantly higher for Hispanics than for non-Hispanics (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5). Among women of reproductive age (15-44 years), pregnant women had a markedly higher listeriosis risk (RR, 114.6; 95% CI, 68.9-205.1) than nonpregnant women. The RR was higher for Hispanic than non-Hispanic women, regardless of pregnancy status, and this increased during the study period (2004-2006: RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.3; 2007-2009: RR, 4.8; 95% CI, 3.1-7.1). Conclusions. This study quantifies the increases in risk of listeriosis among older persons, pregnant women, and Hispanics in the United States. Additional research is needed to better describe the independent effects of age on risk while accounting for underlying conditions. These estimates are needed both to optimize risk assessment models and to inform targeted interventions and policy decisions. C1 [Pouillot, Regis; Hoelzer, Karin] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Jackson, Kelly A.; Henao, Olga L.; Silk, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pouillot, R (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM regis.pouillot@fda.hhs.gov RI Pouillot, Regis/E-8103-2010 OI Pouillot, Regis/0000-0002-6107-5212 FU US Department of Energy; US Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported in part by appointments to the Research Participation Program at the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the US Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S405 EP S410 DI 10.1093/cid/cis269 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900005 PM 22572661 ER PT J AU Scallan, E Mahon, BE AF Scallan, Elaine Mahon, Barbara E. TI Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) in 2012: A Foundation for Food Safety in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 [Scallan, Elaine] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scallan, E (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, UCD AMC Bldg 500,Rm W3146,13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM elaine.scallan@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This publication was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S381 EP S384 DI 10.1093/cid/cis257 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900001 PM 22572657 ER PT J AU Shiferaw, B Solghan, S Palmer, A Joyce, K Barzilay, EJ Krueger, A Cieslak, P AF Shiferaw, Beletshachew Solghan, Suzanne Palmer, Amanda Joyce, Kevin Barzilay, Ezra J. Krueger, Amy Cieslak, Paul TI Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Shigella Isolates in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Sites, 2000-2010 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; TRAVELERS; THERAPY; OUTBREAK; ILLNESS; TRENDS AB Background. Treatment of shigellosis with appropriate antimicrobial agents shortens duration of illness and bacterial shedding, but resistance to commonly used agents is increasing. Methods. We describe resistance patterns among Shigella isolates in the United States with use of linked data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS). FoodNet sites send every 20th Shigella isolate to the NARMS laboratory for susceptibility testing. Results. During 2000-2010, the NARMS laboratory tested 1376 Shigella isolates from FoodNet sites. Of 1118 isolates (81%) linked to FoodNet, 826 (74%) were resistant to ampicillin, 649 (58%) to streptomycin, 402 (36%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), 355 (32%) to sulfamethoxazole-sulfisoxazole, 312 (28%) to tetracycline, 19 (2%) to nalidixic acid, and 6 (0.5%) to ciprofloxacin. The proportion of Shigella isolates with resistance to TMP-SMX was 40% among white persons, 58% among Hispanic persons, and 75% among persons with a history of international travel. Resistance to at least TMP-SMX and ampicillin was present in 25% of isolate, and 5% were resistant to ampicillin, TMP-SMX, and chloramphenicol. Overall, 5% of isolates showed multidrug resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole-sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline, including 49 Shigella flexneri (33%) and 3 Shigella sonnei (0.3%) isolates. Male individuals were more likely than female individuals to be infected with a multidrug-resistant strain (7% versus 3%; P < .01). Conclusions. Antimicrobial resistance differed by race, ethnicity, age, travel, and species. Resistance to commonly used antibiotics is high; therefore, it is important to look at the susceptibility pattern before starting treatment. C1 [Shiferaw, Beletshachew; Cieslak, Paul] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Solghan, Suzanne] EIP New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Palmer, Amanda] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Joyce, Kevin; Barzilay, Ezra J.; Krueger, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shiferaw, B (reprint author), Oregon Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St,Ste 772, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM beletshachew.shiferaw@state.or.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S458 EP S463 DI 10.1093/cid/cis230 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900014 PM 22572670 ER PT J AU Shiferaw, B Verrill, L Booth, H Zansky, SM Norton, DM Crim, S Henao, OL AF Shiferaw, Beletshachew Verrill, Linda Booth, Hillary Zansky, Shelley M. Norton, Dawn M. Crim, Stacy Henao, Olga L. TI Sex-Based Differences in Food Consumption: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Population Survey, 2006-2007 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENDER-DIFFERENCES; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; FRUIT; METAANALYSIS; KNOWLEDGE; STUDENTS; BELIEFS AB Background. This analysis used data from the most recent Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) Population Survey (May 2006 through April 2007) to examine differences in the consumption of various types of foods between men and women. Methods. Participants were surveyed by telephone and asked whether or not they had consumed certain foods in the past 7 days, including the following "high-risk" foods commonly associated with foodborne illness: pink hamburger, raw oysters, unpasteurized milk, cheese made from unpasteurized milk, runny eggs, and alfalfa sprouts. Data were weighted to adjust for survey design and to reflect the age and sex distribution of the population under FoodNet surveillance. Results. A total of 14 878 persons >= 18 years were interviewed, of whom 5688 (38%) were men. A higher proportion of men reported eating meat and certain types of poultry than women, whereas a higher proportion of women ate fruits and vegetables. A higher proportion of men than women reported consuming runny eggs (12% versus 8%), pink hamburger (7% versus 4%), and raw oysters (2% versus 0.4%). A higher proportion of women than men ate alfalfa sprouts (3% versus 2%). No differences by sex were observed for consumption of unpasteurized milk or cheese. Conclusions. Data from the FoodNet Population Surveys can be useful in efforts to design targeted interventions regarding consumption of high-risk foods. Moreover, understanding the background rates of food consumption, stratified by sex, may help investigators identify the kinds of foods likely to be associated with outbreaks in which a preponderance of cases occur among members of one sex. C1 [Shiferaw, Beletshachew; Booth, Hillary] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Verrill, Linda] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Norton, Dawn M.] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Crim, Stacy; Henao, Olga L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shiferaw, B (reprint author), Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Off Dis Prevent & Epidemiol, 800 NE Oregon St,Ste 772, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM beletshachew.shiferaw@state.or.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60/CD303019]; Food Safety Office; Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration; Division of Foodborne, Waterborne; Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Public Health Laboratories FX This work was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement U60/CD303019). FoodNet is funded by the Food Safety Office and the Emerging Infections Program of the CDC, the Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and the Food and Drug Administration.; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "Studies From the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network,'' sponsored by the Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 5 BP S453 EP S457 DI 10.1093/cid/cis247 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942NJ UT WOS:000304050900013 PM 22572669 ER PT J AU Haddad, LB Curtis, KM Legardy-Williams, JK Cwiak, C Jamieson, DJ AF Haddad, Lisa B. Curtis, Kathryn M. Legardy-Williams, Jennifer K. Cwiak, Carrie Jamieson, Denise J. TI Contraception for individuals with sickle cell disease: a systematic review of the literature SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Sickle cell anemia; Hormonal; Contraception; Systematic review ID ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; ANEMIA; DEFORMABILITY; OCCLUSION; ACETATE; FIBRINOLYSIS AB Background: Women with sickle cell disease have an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications and need safe, effective contraceptive methods to prevent unintended pregnancy. Study Design: We conducted a systematic review to examine the safety of hormonal and intrauterine contraceptive use among women with sickle cell disease. Results: Eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The evidence was of fair to poor quality and suggested that progestin-only and combined hormonal contraception had no effect on frequency of sickle crises or other adverse events and no effect on hematologic parameters associated with sickle crises. No studies examined the risk of thromboembolism in combined hormonal contraceptive users with sickle cell disease. There was insufficient evidence to comment on the safety of intrauterine contraception. Conclusion: While data are limited, there is no evidence to suggest that hormonal contraceptive use among women with sickle cell disease is associated with an increased risk of clinical complications. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Haddad, Lisa B.; Cwiak, Carrie] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Legardy-Williams, Jennifer K.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Haddad, LB (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM lbhadda@emory.edu NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUN PY 2012 VL 85 IS 6 BP 527 EP 537 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.008 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 944FP UT WOS:000304185000002 PM 22152587 ER PT J AU Anderson, JE Jamieson, DJ Warner, L Kissin, DM Nangia, AK Macaluso, M AF Anderson, John E. Jamieson, Denise J. Warner, Lee Kissin, Dmitry M. Nangia, Ajay K. Macaluso, Maurizio TI Contraceptive sterilization among married adults: national data on who chooses vasectomy and tubal sterilization SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Vasectomy; Tubal sterilization; Tubal ligation; Surgical sterilization ID UNITED-STATES; MEN AB Background: Vasectomy has been found to be a highly cost-effective contraceptive method. For couples, tubal sterilization and vasectomy have the same result, but the two methods are used by different segments of the population. Study design: We conducted an analysis of data from male and female samples of the 2006-2008 National Survey of Family Growth, nationally representative samples of men and women in the United States aged 15-44 years. Results: Among married men, 13.1% reported vasectomies (95% confidence interval 10.4%-16.3%), compared to 21.1% (17.8%-24.9%) of married women who reported tubal sterilizations. Men with higher education and income had greater prevalence of vasectomy than those less educated, while women with lower education and income had the highest prevalence of tubal sterilization. Conclusions: Efforts to promote vasectomy use need to understand the reasons behind these differences. Increasing the availability and use of vasectomy will require education about its benefits. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Anderson, John E.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30304 USA. [Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Nangia, Ajay K.] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. [Macaluso, Maurizio] Childrens Hosp, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Anderson, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30304 USA. EM jeal@cdc.gov RI movahedi, samane/E-4575-2012; Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUN PY 2012 VL 85 IS 6 BP 552 EP 557 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.009 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 944FP UT WOS:000304185000005 PM 22133657 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ AF Hall, Aron J. TI Noroviruses: The Perfect Human Pathogens? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NORWALK VIRUS; GASTROENTERITIS; OUTBREAK; CONTAMINATION; TRANSMISSION; ILLNESS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ajhall@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 11 BP 1622 EP 1624 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis251 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942RV UT WOS:000304065600002 PM 22573872 ER PT J AU Olsen, RJ Laucirica, DR Watkins, ME Feske, ML Garcia-Bustillos, JR Vu, C Cantu, C Shelburne, SA Fittipaldi, N Kumaraswami, M Shea, PR Flores, AR Beres, SB Lovgren, M Tyrrell, GJ Efstratiou, A Low, DE Van Beneden, CA Musser, JM AF Olsen, Randall J. Laucirica, Daniel R. Watkins, M. Ebru Feske, Marsha L. Garcia-Bustillos, Jesus R. Vu, Chau Cantu, Concepcion Shelburne, Samuel A., III Fittipaldi, Nahuel Kumaraswami, Muthiah Shea, Patrick R. Flores, Anthony R. Beres, Stephen B. Lovgren, Maguerite Tyrrell, Gregory J. Efstratiou, Androulla Low, Donald E. Van Beneden, Chris A. Musser, James M. TI Polymorphisms in Regulator of Protease B (RopB) Alter Disease Phenotype and Strain Virulence of Serotype M3 Group A Streptococcus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR CYSTEINE PROTEASE; EXOTOXIN-B; PYOGENES; EXPRESSION; EPIDEMICS; INFECTION; EVOLUTION; POPULATIONS; PROTEINASE; MUTATION AB Whole-genome sequencing of serotype M3 group A streptococci (GAS) from oropharyngeal and invasive infections in Ontario recently showed that the gene encoding regulator of protease B (RopB) is highly polymorphic in this population. To test the hypothesis that ropB is under diversifying selective pressure among all serotype M3 GAS strains, we sequenced this gene in 1178 strains collected from different infection types, geographic regions, and time periods. The results confirmed our hypothesis and discovered a significant association between mutant ropB alleles, decreased activity of its major regulatory target SpeB, and pharyngitis. Additionally, isoallelic strains with ropB polymorphisms were significantly less virulent in a mouse model of necrotizing fasciitis. These studies provide a model strategy for applying whole-genome sequencing followed by deep single-gene sequencing to generate new insight to the rapid evolution and virulence regulation of human pathogens. C1 [Olsen, Randall J.; Laucirica, Daniel R.; Watkins, M. Ebru; Feske, Marsha L.; Garcia-Bustillos, Jesus R.; Vu, Chau; Cantu, Concepcion; Fittipaldi, Nahuel; Kumaraswami, Muthiah; Shea, Patrick R.; Flores, Anthony R.; Beres, Stephen B.; Musser, James M.] Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Res Inst, Ctr Mol & Translat Human Infect Dis Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Feske, Marsha L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Shelburne, Samuel A., III] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Flores, Anthony R.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Vu, Chau] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Paul L Foster Sch Med, El Paso, TX USA. [Van Beneden, Chris A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garcia-Bustillos, Jesus R.] Inst Tecnol & Estudios Super Monterrey, Sch Biotechnol & Hlth, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Lovgren, Maguerite; Tyrrell, Gregory J.] Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Lovgren, Maguerite; Tyrrell, Gregory J.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Low, Donald E.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Efstratiou, Androulla] Ctr Infect, Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. RP Olsen, RJ (reprint author), Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Res Inst, Ctr Mol & Translat Human Infect Dis Res, RIB6-414, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM rjolsen@tmhs.org OI Shea, Patrick/0000-0001-6804-5131 FU American Heart Association [AHA0775045] FX This work was supported in part by the American Heart Association (grant AHA0775045). NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 11 BP 1719 EP 1729 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir825 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942RV UT WOS:000304065600017 PM 22262791 ER PT J AU Lopman, BA Parashar, UD AF Lopman, Ben A. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Indirect Protection and Indirect Measures of Protection From Rotavirus in Adults Reply SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID SURVEILLANCE; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION; CHILDREN C1 [Lopman, Ben A.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 11 BP 1764 EP 1765 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis263 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942RV UT WOS:000304065600023 ER PT J AU Park, S Sherry, B Blanck, HM AF Park, Sohyun Sherry, Bettylou Blanck, Heidi M. TI Characteristics of parents receiving counseling from childs doctor to limit childs sugar drink consumption SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE children; doctor; nutrition counseling; parents; sugar drinks ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SWEETENED BEVERAGES; PRIMARY-CARE; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; HEALTH; NUTRITION; ATTITUDES AB Due to limited information on sugar drink counseling, characteristics of parents who reported ever receiving counseling from a childs doctor to limit a childs sugar drink intake were examined. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a convenient sample of 1570 US parents (aged epsilon 18 years) using the 2009 HealthStyles Survey. The outcome measure was parents with children aged 18 years who reported being told by a childs doctor to limit a childs sugar drink intake. Data were weighted to provide national estimates. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with ever receiving sugar-drink counseling from a childs doctor. Only 23 of parents reported receiving counseling from a childs doctor to limit a childs sugar drink intake. Parental factors significantly associated with receiving this counseling were: being male (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.38; 95 confidence interval (CI) 1.02, 1.86), having an annual household income of $25 000 (versus epsilon$60 000, OR 2.12; 95 CI 1.33, 3.38) and parents who agreed with oenjoying learning about health issues' (versus disagree, OR 2.43; 95 CI 1.36, 4.36). Age, race/ethnicity, education and marital status were not significantly associated with receiving counseling. Few parents reported ever receiving counseling from a childs doctor, and we found a few differences among those reporting sugar drink counseling. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Sherry, Bettylou; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1741-3842 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH-UK JI J. Public Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 2 BP 228 EP 235 DI 10.1093/pubmed/fdr071 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 944JR UT WOS:000304197300010 PM 21946263 ER PT J AU Luis, AD Douglass, RJ Hudson, PJ Mills, JN Bjornstad, ON AF Luis, Angela D. Douglass, Richard J. Hudson, Peter J. Mills, James N. Bjornstad, Ottar N. TI Sin Nombre hantavirus decreases survival of male deer mice SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Sin Nombre virus; Hantavirus; Peromyscus; Critical host density; Mark-capture-recapture; Disease-induced mortality ID MOUSE PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; VIRUS-INFECTION; ELEVATED TESTOSTERONE; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; LONG-TERM; TRANSMISSION; MONTANA; HOST; PARASITES AB How pathogens affect their hosts is a key question in infectious disease ecology, and it can have important influences on the spread and persistence of the pathogen. Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the etiological agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in humans. A better understanding of SNV in its reservoir host, the deer mouse, could lead to improved predictions of the circulation and persistence of the virus in the mouse reservoir, and could help identify the factors that lead to increased human risk of HPS. Using mark-recapture statistical modeling on longitudinal data collected over 15 years, we found a 13.4% decrease in the survival of male deer mice with antibodies to SNV compared to uninfected mice (both male and female). There was also an additive effect of breeding condition, with a 21.3% decrease in survival for infected mice in breeding condition compared to uninfected, non-breeding mice. The data identified that transmission was consistent with density-dependent transmission, implying that there may be a critical host density below which SNV cannot persist. The notion of a critical host density coupled with the previously overlooked disease-induced mortality reported here contribute to a better understanding of why SNV often goes extinct locally and only seems to persist at the metapopulation scale, and why human spillover is episodic and hard to predict. C1 [Luis, Angela D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Luis, Angela D.; Hudson, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Luis, Angela D.; Bjornstad, Ottar N.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Douglass, Richard J.] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Dept Biol, Butte, MT USA. [Mills, James N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathogenesis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bjornstad, Ottar N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Luis, AD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Delivery 1878, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Angela.Luis@colostate.edu RI Bjornstad, Ottar/I-4518-2012 FU Pennsylvania State University; National Institute of Health (NIH) from the INBRE-BRIN [P20RR16455-05]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [US3/CCU813599]; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) of the Science and Technology Directorate (Department of Homeland Security); Fogarty International Center (NIH) FX We thank Dave Cameron and Dana Ranch Inc. and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes at Polson for unlimited access to their properties. S. Carver, K. Hughes, K Coffin, B. Lonner, D. Waltee, R. Van Horn, W. Semmens, and T. Wilson provided valuable assistance in the field. S. Zanto provided serologic testing at the Montana State Department of Public Health and Human Services Laboratory; P. Rollin and A. Comer arranged serologic testing at the Special Pathogens Branch Laboratory, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ADL was supported in part by the Academic Computing Fellowship of the Pennsylvania State University. Financial support was provided by the National Institute of Health (NIH) grant # P20RR16455-05 from the INBRE-BRIN program and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, through cooperative agreement # US3/CCU813599, and the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (Department of Homeland Security) and the Fogarty International Center (NIH). NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2012 VL 169 IS 2 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2219-2 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 943ZJ UT WOS:000304166600014 PM 22218940 ER PT J AU Ridolfo, H Miller, K Maitland, A AF Ridolfo, Heather Miller, Kristen Maitland, Aaron TI Measuring Sexual Identity Using Survey Questionnaires: How Valid Are Our Measures? SO SEXUALITY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Sexual identity; Sexual orientation; Measurement error; Survey data; Cognitive interviewing; Health disparities ID EXPECTATIONS; ORIENTATION; BEHAVIOR AB Patterns of poorer health are observed in numerous groups within the US population. The Healthy People 2020 initiative provides a national framework to improve the health of all people in the USA. One of the four overarching goals of Healthy People 2020 is to achieve healthy equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups including, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people. To achieve this goal for LGBT populations requires that these groups be identified in national health surveys. Sexuality, however, is a complex phenomenon that incorporates numerous, even contradictory, meanings, attitudes, and types of experiences, creating a major challenge in developing a single measure that is both meaningful and comparable across various socio-cultural groups throughout the US population. Without quality data, the picture of LGBT health, as it is portrayed through official statistics, is distorted. We contend that the specific construct of sexual identity (i.e., how individuals identify and conceptualize their own selves) is a key construct necessary for tracking health disparities. In this paper, we assess the validity of sexual identity measures using qualitative data from cognitive interview studies as well as estimates produced from the National Survey of Family Growth and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. C1 [Ridolfo, Heather; Miller, Kristen; Maitland, Aaron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Questionnaire Design Res Lab, Off Res & Methodol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ridolfo, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Questionnaire Design Res Lab, Off Res & Methodol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 3219, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM hridolfo@cdc.gov; ksmiller@cdc.gov; amaitland@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1868-9884 EI 1553-6610 J9 SEX RES SOC POLICY JI Sex. Res. Soc. Policy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 2 BP 113 EP 124 DI 10.1007/s13178-011-0074-x PG 12 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 943IW UT WOS:000304115400003 ER PT J AU Saadatmand, HJ Bernstein, KT McCright, J Gallaread, A Philip, SS Lippman, SA AF Saadatmand, Heva Jasmine Bernstein, Kyle T. McCright, Jacqueline Gallaread, Alonzo Philip, Susan S. Lippman, Sheri A. TI Young Men's Preferences for Sexually Transmitted Disease and Reproductive Health Services in San Francisco, California SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CARE UTILIZATION; INFECTION AB We explored STD (sexually transmitted disease) service preferences among 108 African-American adolescent males recruited from a high-morbidity neighborhood. Participants largely preferred to seek care at traditional STD testing venues (86.5%) rather than non-traditional venues. Additionally, most males preferred receiving STD test results from a clinician (61.1%) rather than online (11.1%) or through email or text message (12.0%). These results highlight the need for continued strengthening of traditional public health clinics to ensure capacity to meet young men's health needs and to improve outreach and access to traditional STD services for young men. C1 [Saadatmand, Heva Jasmine; Bernstein, Kyle T.; McCright, Jacqueline; Gallaread, Alonzo; Philip, Susan S.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, STD Prevent & Control Serv, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Saadatmand, Heva Jasmine] CSTE CDC Appl Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Lippman, Sheri A.] Univ San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Bernstein, KT (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, STD Prevent & Control Serv, 1360 Mission St,Suite 401, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. EM kyle.bernstein@sfdph.org FU UCSF Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS); United States National Institute of Mental Health [P30MH062246] FX Supported by an award from the UCSF Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS) Innovative Grants Program. Funding for CAPS and the Innovative Grants Program is provided by the United States National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH062246). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 6 BP 421 EP 423 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318249d651 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 945CE UT WOS:000304249600004 PM 22592826 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Kent, CK Owusu-Edusei, K Leichliter, JS Aral, SO AF Chesson, Harrell W. Kent, Charlotte K. Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Leichliter, Jami S. Aral, Sevgi O. TI Disparities in Sexually Transmitted Disease Rates Across the "Eight Americas" SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEM; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL DETERMINANTS; GONORRHEA RATES; CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RACIAL DISPARITIES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; SYPHILIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: The purpose of this study was to examine rates of 3 bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs; syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia) in 8 subpopulations (known as the "eight Americas") defined by race and a small number of county-level sociodemographic and geographical characteristics. The eight Americas are (1) Asians and Pacific Islanders in specific counties; (2) Northland low-income rural white; (3) Middle America; (4) Low-income whites in Appalachia and Mississippi Valley; (5) Western Native American; (6) Black middle America; (7) Southern low-income rural black; and (8) High-risk urban black. Methods: A list of the counties comprising each of the eight Americas was obtained from the corresponding author of the original eight Americas project, which examined disparities in mortality rates across the eight Americas. Using county-level STD surveillance data, we calculated syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia rates (new cases per 100,000) for each of the eight Americas. Results: Reported STD rates varied substantially across the eight Americas. STD rates were generally lowest in Americas 1 and 2 and highest in Americas 6, 7, and 8. Conclusions: Although disparities in STDs across the eight Americas are generally similar to the well-established disparities in STDs across race/ethnicity, the grouping of counties into the eight Americas does offer additional insight into disparities in STDs in the United States. The high STD rates we found for black Middle America are consistent with the assertion that sexual networks and social factors are important drivers of racial disparities in STDs. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Kent, Charlotte K.; Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Leichliter, Jami S.; Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hbc7@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 6 BP 458 EP 464 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318248e3eb PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 945CE UT WOS:000304249600011 PM 22592832 ER PT J AU Patel, P Bush, T Mayer, K Milam, J Richardson, J Hammer, J Henry, K Overton, T Conley, L Marks, G Brooks, JT AF Patel, Pragna Bush, Tim Mayer, Kenneth Milam, Joel Richardson, Jean Hammer, John Henry, Keith Overton, Turner Conley, Lois Marks, Gary Brooks, John T. CA SUN Study Investigators TI Routine Brief Risk-Reduction Counseling With Biannual STD Testing Reduces STD Incidence Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in Care SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Background: We evaluated whether routine biannual sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing coupled with brief risk-reduction counseling reduces STD incidence and high-risk behaviors. Methods: The SUN study is a prospective observational HIV cohort study conducted in 4 US cities. At enrollment and every 6 months thereafter, participants completed a behavioral survey and were screened for STDs, and if diagnosed, were treated. Medical providers conducted brief risk-reduction counseling with all patients. Among men who have sex with men (MSM), we examined trends in STD incidence and rates of self-reported risk behaviors before and after exposure to the risk-reduction intervention. The "preintervention" visit was the study visit that was at least 6 months after enrollment STD screening and treatment and at which the participant was first exposed to the intervention. The "postintervention" visit was 12 months later. Results: Among 216 MSM with complete STD and behavioral data, median age was 44.5 years; 77% were non-Hispanic white; 83% were on highly active antiretroviral treatment; 84% had an HIV RNA level <400 copies/mL and the median CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) count was 511 cells/mm(3). Twelve months after first exposure to the risk-reduction intervention, STD incidence declined from 8.8% to 4.2% (P = 0.041). Rates of unprotected receptive or insertive anal intercourse with HIV-positive partners increased (19% to 25%, P = 0.024), but did not change with HIV-negative partners or partners of unknown HIV status (24% to 22%, P = 0.590). Conclusions: STD incidence declined significantly among HIV-infected MSM after implementing frequent, routine STD testing coupled with risk-reduction counseling. These findings support adoption of routine STD screening and risk-reduction counseling for HIV-infected MSM. C1 [Patel, Pragna; Bush, Tim; Conley, Lois; Marks, Gary; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Dept Med, Providence, RI USA. [Mayer, Kenneth] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth] Fenway Hlth, Fenway Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Milam, Joel; Richardson, Jean] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO USA. [Henry, Keith] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, HIV Program, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Overton, Turner] Washington Univ, Dept Infect Dis, St Louis, MO USA. [Overton, Turner] Univ Alabama, Dept Infect Dis, Birmingham, AB, Canada. RP Patel, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plp3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636] FX Supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers: 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 6 BP 470 EP 474 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31824b3110 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 945CE UT WOS:000304249600013 PM 22592834 ER PT J AU Brady, TJ AF Brady, T. J. TI PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY THROUGH MASS MEDIA: A HEALTH COMMUNICATIONS CAMPAIGN PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG PEOPLE WITH ARTHRITIS IN THE UNITED STATES SO ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brady, T. J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-4967 EI 1468-2060 J9 ANN RHEUM DIS JI Ann. Rheum. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 71 SU 3 BP 27 EP 27 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA V31QQ UT WOS:000208898500109 ER PT J AU Gelting, RJ Delea, K Medlin, E AF Gelting, Richard J. Delea, Kristin Medlin, Elizabeth TI A conceptual framework to evaluate the outcomes and impacts of water safety plans SO JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE drinking water; evaluation; impacts; logic model; outcomes; Water Safety Plans ID EPIDEMIC; SUPPLIES AB A Water Safety Plan (WSP) is a preventive, risk management approach to ensure drinking water safety. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines place WSPs within a larger 'framework for safe drinking-water' that links WSPs to health, creating an implicit expectation that implementation of WSPs will safeguard health in areas with acceptable drinking water quality. However, many intervening factors can come between implementation of an individual WSP and ultimate health outcomes. Evaluating the impacts of a WSP, therefore, requires a much broader analysis than simply looking at health improvements. Until recently, little guidance for the monitoring and evaluation of WSPs existed. Drawing examples from existing WSPs in various regions, this paper outlines a conceptual framework for conducting an overall evaluation of the various outcomes and impacts of a WSP. This framework can provide a common basis for implementers to objectively monitor and evaluate the range of outcomes and impacts from WSPs, as well as a common understanding of the time frames within which those results may occur. As implementers understand the various outcomes and impacts of WSPs beyond health, a strong evidence base for the effectiveness of WSPs will develop, further enabling the scaling up of WSP implementation and provision of better quality water. C1 [Gelting, Richard J.; Delea, Kristin; Medlin, Elizabeth] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Water Sanitat & Hyg Team, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gelting, RJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Water Sanitat & Hyg Team, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rgelting@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 2043-9083 J9 J WATER SANIT HYG DE JI J. Wate Sanit. Hyg. Dev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.2166/washdev.2012.079 PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 144TN UT WOS:000318963400006 ER PT J AU Louis, GMB Sundaram, R Schisterman, EF Sweeney, AM Lynch, CD Gore-Langton, RE Chen, Z Kim, S Caldwell, KL Barr, DB AF Louis, Germaine M. Buck Sundaram, Rajeshwari Schisterman, Enrique F. Sweeney, Anne M. Lynch, Courtney D. Gore-Langton, Robert E. Chen, Zhen Kim, Sungduk Caldwell, Kathleen L. Barr, Dana Boyd TI Heavy metals and couple fecundity, the LIFE Study SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Cadmium; Fecundity; Lead; Mercury; Reproduction; Time-to-pregnancy ID SEMEN QUALITY; LEAD; PREGNANCY; SERUM; TIME; FERTILITY; EXPOSURE; CADMIUM; WOMEN; INFERTILITY AB The effect of heavy metals at environmentally relevant concentrations on couple fecundity has received limited study despite ubiquitous exposure. In 2005-2009, couples (n = 501) desiring pregnancy and discontinuing contraception were recruited and asked to complete interviews and to provide blood specimens for the quantification of cadmium (mu g L-1), lead (mu g dL(-1)) and mercury (mu g L-1) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Couples completed daily journals on lifestyle and intercourse along with menstruation and pregnancy testing for women. Couples were followed for 12 months or until pregnant. Fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) were estimated adjusting for age, body mass index, cotinine, and serum lipids in relation to female then male exposures. FORs <1 denote a longer time to pregnancy. In adjusted models, reduced FORs were observed for both female cadmium (0.78; 95% CI 0.63-0.97) and male lead (0.85; 95% CI 0.73-0.98) concentrations. When jointly modeling couples' exposures, only male lead concentration significantly reduced the FOR (0.82; 95% CI 0.68, 0.97), though the FOR remained <1 for female cadmium (0.80; 95% CI 0.64, 1.00). This prospective couple based cohort with longitudinal capture of time to pregnancy is suggestive of cadmium and lead's reproductive toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Louis, Germaine M. Buck; Sundaram, Rajeshwari; Schisterman, Enrique F.; Chen, Zhen; Kim, Sungduk] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Sweeney, Anne M.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, Bryan, TX USA. [Lynch, Courtney D.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gore-Langton, Robert E.] EMMES Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Louis, GMB (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 7805, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM louisg@mail.nih.gov; sundaramr2@mail.nih.gov; schistee@mail.nih.gov; chenzhe@mail.nih.gov; kims2@mail.nih.gov RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; OI Sundaram, Rajeshwari/0000-0002-6918-5002; Schisterman, Enrique/0000-0003-3757-641X; Buck Louis, Germaine/0000-0002-1774-4490 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [N01-HD-3-3355, N01-HD-3-3356, N01-HD-3-3358] FX Supported by the intramural research program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Contracts #N01-HD-3-3355, N01-HD-3-3356 and N01-HD-3-3358). NR 47 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUN PY 2012 VL 87 IS 11 BP 1201 EP 1207 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.017 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 937DW UT WOS:000303640200002 ER PT J AU Stone, ND Lewis, DR Johnson, TM Hartney, T Chandler, D Byrd-Sellers, J McGowan, JE Tenover, FC Jernigan, JA Gaynes, RP AF Stone, Nimalie D. Lewis, Donna R. Johnson, Theodore M., II Hartney, Thomas Chandler, Doris Byrd-Sellers, Johnita McGowan, John E., Jr. Tenover, Fred C. Jernigan, John A. Gaynes, Robert P. CA SE Vet Affairs Long-Term Care TI Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Nasal Carriage in Residents of Veterans Affairs Long-Term Care Facilities: Role of Antimicrobial Exposure and MRSA Acquisition SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; RISK-FACTORS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; COLONIZATION; INFECTION; POPULATION; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVE. To identify risk factors associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquisition in long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. DESIGN. Multicenter, prospective cohort followed over 6 months. SETTING. Three Veterans Affairs (VA) LTCFs. PARTICIPANTS. All current and new residents except those with short stay (<2 weeks). METHODS. MRSA carriage was assessed by serial nares cultures and classified into 3 groups: persistent (all cultures positive), intermittent (at least 1 but not all cultures positive), and noncarrier (no cultures positive). MRSA acquisition was defined by an initial negative culture followed by more than 2 positive cultures with no subsequent negative cultures. Epidemiologic data were collected to identify risk factors, and MRSA isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS. Among 412 residents at 3 LTCFs, overall MRSA prevalence was 58%, with similar distributions of carriage at all 3 facilities: 20% persistent, 39% intermittent, 41% noncarriers. Of 254 residents with an initial negative swab, 25 (10%) acquired MRSA over the 6 months; rates were similar at all 3 LTCFs, with no clusters evident. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that receipt of systemic antimicrobials during the study was the only significant risk factor for MRSA acquisition (odds ratio, 7.8 [95% confidence interval, 2.1-28.6]; P = .002). MRSA strains from acquisitions were related by PFGE to those from a roommate in 9/25 (36%) cases; 6 of these 9 roommate sources were persistent carriers. CONCLUSIONS. MRSA colonization prevalence was high at 3 separate VA LTCFs. MRSA acquisition was strongly associated with antimicrobial exposure. Roommate sources were often persistent carriers, but transmission from roommates accounted for only approximately one-third of MRSA acquisitions. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012; 33(6): 551-557 C1 [Stone, Nimalie D.; Tenover, Fred C.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stone, Nimalie D.; Johnson, Theodore M., II] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lewis, Donna R.; Johnson, Theodore M., II; Byrd-Sellers, Johnita; Gaynes, Robert P.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta Vet Affairs Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Decatur, GA USA. [Lewis, Donna R.; Johnson, Theodore M., II; Byrd-Sellers, Johnita; Gaynes, Robert P.] Birmingham Atlanta Geriatr Res Educ Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. [Lewis, Donna R.; Johnson, Theodore M., II; Byrd-Sellers, Johnita; Gaynes, Robert P.] Birmingham Atlanta Clin Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. [Hartney, Thomas] Augusta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. [Chandler, Doris] Tuscaloosa Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Tuscaloosa, GA USA. [McGowan, John E., Jr.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Stone, ND (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 16,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nstone@cdc.gov RI mcgowan jr, john/G-5404-2011 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion; Southeast Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine/Hartford Foundation; Astra Zeneca; 3M Health Care; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development; Pfizer; Aventis; Vantia FX This research was funded through an unrestricted interagency agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion. N.D.S. received support from the Southeast Center of Excellence in Geriatric Medicine/Hartford Foundation.; J.E.M. reports that he has received funding through unrestricted research grants from Astra Zeneca, 3M Health Care, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, and Pfizer and has served as a consultant for Astra Zeneca, Cadence, Elan, Pfizer, and Trius. T.M.J. reports that he has received research support from Aventis, Pfizer, and Vantia and has served as a consultant with Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, and Ferring. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. All authors submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest, and the conflicts that the editors consider relevant to this article are disclosed here. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 6 BP 551 EP 557 DI 10.1086/665711 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 937NX UT WOS:000303666300003 PM 22561709 ER PT J AU Wen, XJ Balluz, L Town, M AF Wen, Xiao-Jun Balluz, Lina Town, Machell TI Prevalence of HIV Risk Behaviors Between Binge Drinkers and Non-Binge Drinkers Aged 18- to 64-Years in US, 2008 (vol 37, pg 72, 2012) SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Correction C1 [Wen, Xiao-Jun; Balluz, Lina; Town, Machell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wen, XJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tzw4@cdc.gov; lib74@cdc.gov; mpt2@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 37 IS 3 BP 743 EP 743 DI 10.1007/s10900-012-9545-0 PG 1 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 936LB UT WOS:000303590800026 ER PT J AU Geiger, BF Vaid, I Beeson, D Riddle, B AF Geiger, Brian F. Vaid, Isam Beeson, Diane Riddle, Barry TI Implementation of School Policies to Prevent Youth Tobacco Use in Alabama SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE smoking and tobacco; research; health policy ID SMOKE AB BACKGROUND: Public health professionals must monitor the effectiveness of school policies and programs to prevent youth initiation, promote quitting, and eliminate secondhand smoke. This analysis of school tobacco policies was preliminary to release of a state tobacco prevention and control plan for 2010-2015. METHODS: University health educators collaborated with the state health agency to review policies of 33 school systems in 5 Metropolitan Statistical Areas and 9 public health areas. Authors developed a systematic approach of 8 steps useful to rate implementation of school tobacco control and prevention policies and discuss implications for health education program planning. RESULTS: Thirty school policies prohibited possession and use of tobacco by students, faculty and campus visitors, and 26 of 33 specified disciplinary measures following violations. Only 4 public education agencies included 3 of the 6 elements of a model tobacco prevention and control policy as suggested by the state public health agency. None featured all 6 elements. None specified establishing school-community partnerships for tobacco prevention and control. CONCLUSIONS: Preparing smoke-free youth requires implementing and evaluating tobacco education in grades K-12 including use of model guidelines from federal agencies and professional organizations. Determining the focus of existing school tobacco policies is an initial step to encourage adoption of comprehensive policies to reduce youth use of tobacco. Youth health advocates may act together with school administrators and legislators to strengthen policies to be consistent with model guidelines for tobacco prevention and control. C1 [Geiger, Brian F.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham Coll Arts & Sci, Sch Educ, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Geiger, Brian F.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Ctr Educ Accountabil, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Vaid, Isam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WISEWOMAN Program, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Beeson, Diane] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Tobacco Prevent & Control Branch, Montgomery, AL 36130 USA. [Riddle, Barry] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Youth Tobacco Prevent Unit, Tobacco Prevent & Control Branch, Montgomery, AL 36104 USA. RP Geiger, BF (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham Coll Arts & Sci, Sch Educ, Room EB 207,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM bgeiger@uab.edu; Isam.Vaid@cdc.hhs.gov; diane.beeson@adph.state.al.us; Barry.Riddle@adph.state.al.us NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 82 IS 6 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2012.00698.x PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 938JV UT WOS:000303730700004 PM 22568463 ER PT J AU Elliott, L Loomis, D Dement, J Hein, MJ Richardson, D Stayner, L AF Elliott, Leslie Loomis, Dana Dement, John Hein, Misty J. Richardson, David Stayner, Leslie TI Lung cancer mortality in North Carolina and South Carolina chrysotile asbestos textile workers SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; EXPOSURE-RESPONSE; HISTORICAL EXPOSURES; FIBER DIMENSIONS; COHORT MORTALITY; PHASE-CONTRAST; MESOTHELIOMA; MODELS; RISK AB Objectives Studies of workers in two US cohorts of asbestos textile workers exposed to chrysotile (North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC)) found increasing risk of lung cancer mortality with cumulative fibre exposure. However, the risk appeared to increase more steeply in SC, possibly due to differences in study methods. The authors conducted pooled analyses of the cohorts and investigated the exposure-disease relationship using uniform cohort inclusion criteria and statistical methods. Methods Workers were included after 30 days of employment in a production job during qualifying years, and vital status ascertained through 2003 (2001 for SC). Poisson regression was used to estimate the exposure-response relationship between asbestos and lung cancer, using both exponential and linear relative rate models adjusted for age, sex, race, birth cohort and decade of follow-up. Results The cohort included 6136 workers, contributing 218 631 person-years of observation and 3356 deaths. Cumulative exposures at the four study facilities varied considerably. The pooled relative rate for lung cancer, comparing 100 f-yr/ml to 0 f-yr/ml, was 1.11 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.16) for the combined cohort, with different effects in the NC cohort (RR=1.10, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.16) and the SC cohort (RR=1.67, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.93). Conclusions Increased rates of lung cancer were significantly associated with cumulative fibre exposure overall and in both the Carolina asbestos-textile cohorts. Previously reported differences in exposure-response between the cohorts do not appear to be related to inclusion criteria or analytical methods. C1 [Elliott, Leslie; Loomis, Dana] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Omaha, NE USA. [Dement, John] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Occupat & Environm Med, Durham, NC USA. [Hein, Misty J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Richardson, David] Univ N Carolina, UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Stayner, Leslie] Univ Illinois, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. RP Elliott, L (reprint author), 984395 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM leslie.elliott@unmc.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA [R01-OH007803] FX Funding was provided by grant R01-OH007803 from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA. The funding agency had no involvement in the study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 6 BP 385 EP 390 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100229 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 940SH UT WOS:000303912900003 PM 22267448 ER PT J AU Vandenberg, AE Price, AE Friedman, DB Marchman, G Anderson, LA AF Vandenberg, Anna E. Price, Anna E. Friedman, Daniela B. Marchman, Graham Anderson, Lynda A. TI How Do Top Cable News Websites Portray Cognition as an Aging Issue? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Brain; Dementia; Communications media; Internet; Journalism ID OLDER-ADULTS; HEALTH INFORMATION; CIRCULATING MAGAZINES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; WEB SITES; MEDIA; INTERNET; BEHAVIOR; BRAIN AB We examined messages that the websites of the top cable news companies (MSNBC, FOX, and CNN) conveyed about cognition between January 2007 and March 2010. Drawing on agenda-setting theory, this work assessed the frequency, prominence, and attributes of cognitive topics in messages targeting an aging audience. We used quantitative content analysis to examine the frequency and prominence of cognitive topics and cognitive goals, as well as how the cognitive discussions were framed. Chi-square analyses were conducted to compare cognitive health information discussed in news items that did and did not target an "aging audience." Qualitative analysis of the aging audience subgroup was used to further examine age-associated cognitive messages. Within the 229 cognitive items identified, we found significantly more coverage of cognitive functioning and unspecified dementia and significantly less coverage of cognitive disease not dementia, specified dementia, and accidents or injury for the aging audience. Our qualitative analysis of news items aimed at an aging audience documented a focus on maintaining functioning and avoiding decline through various individual lifestyle behaviors. However, contextual information about level of cognition to be maintained, particular cognitive functions targeted, specific norms about cognitive aging, and how cognitive function is determined was lacking. Our research points to a communication gap in the delivery of academic research findings to a lay audience through online journalism. We suggest more clarity by researchers in defining cognitive concepts and measurement of cognitive function for journalistic translation and public consumption. C1 [Vandenberg, Anna E.] Emory Univ, Grad Inst Liberal Arts, Callaway Ctr S415, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vandenberg, Anna E.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vandenberg, Anna E.; Anderson, Lynda A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Aging Program, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Price, Anna E.] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Coll Educ & Hlth Profess, Fairfield, CT 06825 USA. [Friedman, Daniela B.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Marchman, Graham] Furman Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Greenville, SC 29613 USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Promot, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Vandenberg, AE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Grad Inst Liberal Arts, Callaway Ctr S415, 537 Kilgo Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM avanden@emory.edu NR 40 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3 BP 367 EP 382 DI 10.1093/geront/gnr100 PG 16 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 936OM UT WOS:000303599900008 PM 21908804 ER PT J AU Thacker, N Choudhury, P Gargano, LM Weiss, PS Pazol, K Bahl, S Jafari, HS Arora, M Dubey, AP Vashishtha, VM Agarwal, R Kumar, A Orenstein, WA Omer, SB Hughes, JM AF Thacker, Naveen Choudhury, Panna Gargano, Lisa M. Weiss, Paul S. Pazol, Karen Bahl, Sunil Jafari, Hamid S. Arora, Manisha Dubey, A. P. Vashishtha, Vipin M. Agarwal, Rohit Kumar, Amod Orenstein, Walter A. Omer, Saad B. Hughes, James M. TI Comparison of attitudes about polio, polio immunization, and barriers to polio eradication between primary health center physicians and private pediatricians in India SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Polio; Indian Academy of Pediatrics; Primary health centers; India; Eradication ID VACCINE AB Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare attitudes and perceptions of primary health center (PHC) physicians and pediatricians in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar toward polio disease, immunization, and eradication, and to identify barriers to polio eradication. Methods: PHC physicians from blocks with at least one confirmed polio case during January 2006 to June 2009 were selected for an in-person survey. Pediatricians were members of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics and were selected from a national directory of members for telephone or mail survey. Results: A higher percentage of PHC physicians than pediatricians reported that an unvaccinated child was susceptible to polio (82.1% vs. 63.0%, p < 0.0001) and that polio disease was severe in a child aged 15 years (77.7% vs. 62.2%, p < 0.0001). PHC physicians and pediatricians expressed confidence in the protectiveness and safety of oral polio vaccine and cited parents' lack of awareness of the importance of polio eradication as an important barrier to eradication. Strengthening routine immunization efforts was reported as the leading intervention required to eradicate polio. Conclusions: PHC physicians and pediatricians support and have confidence in the success of polio eradication efforts. These findings will be useful for policy-makers involved in the planning of eradication strategies. Providers and parents need to maintain confidence in polio vaccination if polio is to be eradicated. (C) 2012 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gargano, Lisa M.; Weiss, Paul S.; Omer, Saad B.; Hughes, James M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Thacker, Naveen; Choudhury, Panna; Dubey, A. P.; Vashishtha, Vipin M.; Agarwal, Rohit] IAP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Pazol, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bahl, Sunil; Jafari, Hamid S.] WHO, Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi, India. [Arora, Manisha; Kumar, Amod] St Stephens Hosp, Delhi, India. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Gargano, LM (reprint author), Emory Univ, 1462 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lgargan@emory.edu RI Omer, Saad/K-1182-2012; Weiss, Paul/A-2575-2011 OI Omer, Saad/0000-0002-5383-3474; Weiss, Paul/0000-0001-5527-6248 FU National Polio Surveillance Project (NPSP); governments of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [50230] FX We would like to thank our survey participants, Dianne Miller and Ashley Freeman at Emory University for their administrative support, the Executive Board members of IAP, and the staff of St. Stephens Hospital, especially Vipin Gupta. We also thank Surveillance Medical Officers at the National Polio Surveillance Project (NPSP) and the governments of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar for their support of the project. This work was supported by grant #50230 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 6 BP E417 EP E423 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.02.002 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 934JN UT WOS:000303440500002 PM 22464934 ER PT J AU Sengupta, M Decker, SL Harris-Kojetin, L Jones, A AF Sengupta, Manisha Decker, Sandra L. Harris-Kojetin, Lauren Jones, Adrienne TI Racial Differences in Dementia Care Among Nursing Home Residents SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE racial differences; nursing homes; dementia care ID FACILITY CHARACTERISTICS; HEALTH-CARE; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; MEDICAID PAYMENT; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; QUALITY; UNITS; DISPARITIES; HOSPITALIZATION; OUTCOMES AB Objectives: This article aims to describe potential racial differences in dementia care among nursing home residents with dementia. Methods: Using data from the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS) in regression models, the authors examine whether non-Whites are less likely than Whites to receive special dementia care-defined as receiving special dementia care services or being in a dementia special care unit (SCU)-and whether this difference derives from differences in resident or facility characteristics. Results: The authors find that non-Whites are 4.3 percentage points less likely than Whites to receive special dementia care. Discussion: The fact that non-Whites are more likely to rely on Medicaid and less likely to pay out of pocket for nursing home care explains part but not all of the difference. Most of the difference is due to the fact that non-Whites reside in facilities that are less likely to have special dementia care services or dementia care units, particularly for-profit facilities and those in the South. C1 [Sengupta, Manisha] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Long Term Care Stat Branch, Div Hlth Care Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Decker, Sandra L.; Harris-Kojetin, Lauren; Jones, Adrienne] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, CDC, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Sengupta, M (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Long Term Care Stat Branch, Div Hlth Care Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 3429, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM msengupta@cdc.gov RI Long, Lesley/D-5106-2012 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0898-2643 J9 J AGING HEALTH JI J. Aging Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 24 IS 4 BP 711 EP 731 DI 10.1177/0898264311432311 PG 21 WC Gerontology; Health Policy & Services SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 930UG UT WOS:000303166600009 PM 22422757 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Jamieson, DJ AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Influenza and Pregnancy in the United States: Before, During, and After 2009 H1N1 SO CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE influenza; pregnant women; newborns; vaccine; pandemic; 2009 H1N1 ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; A H1N1; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VACCINATION COVERAGE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; POSTPARTUM WOMEN; VIRUS-INFECTION; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Because pregnant women were recognized to be at increased risk for influenza-associated complications, special considerations for this population were included as part of preparedness efforts before the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. We review data available before the pandemic on influenza and its treatment and prevention during pregnancy. We also review pandemic preparedness efforts aimed at pregnant women and how these efforts served as a foundation for recommendations during the pandemic. Data on 2009 H1N1 influenza in pregnant women and their infants are summarized, and the application of these data to recommendations for pregnant women in future influenza seasons and pandemics is discussed. C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, MS A-28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-9201 J9 CLIN OBSTET GYNECOL JI Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 2 BP 487 EP 497 DI 10.1097/GRF.0b013e31824df23e PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 929DX UT WOS:000303042500016 PM 22510632 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Lackritz, EM AF Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Lackritz, Eve M. TI Epidemiology of late and moderate preterm birth SO SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Obstetrics standards; Pregnancy outcome; Premature birth; Prenatal care; Risk factors ID NEAR-TERM INFANTS; UNITED-STATES; GESTATIONAL-AGE; RESPIRATORY MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; DELIVERY; RISK; WEIGHT; OUTCOMES; TRENDS AB Preterm birth affects 12.5% of all births in the USA. Infants of Black mothers are disproportionately affected, with 1.5 times the risk of preterm birth and 3.4 times the risk of preterm-related mortality. The preterm birth rate has increased by 33% in the last 25 years, almost entirely due to the rise in late preterm births (34-36 weeks' gestation). Recently attention has been given to uncovering the often subtle morbidity and mortality risks associated with moderate (32-33 weeks' gestation) and late preterm delivery, including respiratory, infectious, and neurocognitive complications and infant mortality. This section summarizes the epidemiology of moderate and late preterm birth, case definitions, risk factors, recent trends, and the emerging body of knowledge of morbidity and mortality associated with moderate and late preterm birth. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Lackritz, Eve M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Shapiro-Mendoza, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Mailstop K-23,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ayn9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 45 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-165X J9 SEMIN FETAL NEONAT M JI Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 120 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.siny.2012.01.007 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 927FG UT WOS:000302891900002 PM 22264582 ER PT J AU Sinha, SN Rao, MVV Vasudev, K Odetokun, M AF Sinha, Sukesh Narayan Rao, M. Vishnu Vardhana Vasudev, K. Odetokun, Martins TI A liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based method to measure organophosphorous insecticide, herbicide and non-organophosphorous pesticide in grape and apple samples SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Pesticides; Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; Fruit; Organophosphate insecticide; Herbicide; Non-organophosphate pesticide ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DISSOCIATION-ENERGY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ION FORMATION; GC-MS/MS; LC-MS/MS; VEGETABLES; RESIDUES; EXPOSURE; INDIA AB The LC-MS/MS with Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective. Rugged and safe method was used for analysis of eighteen pesticides in fruit samples. This method was found to be accurate (>= 99%), as it possessed limits of detection in the 0.002-0.087 ranges respectively. The coefficients of variations (>= 0.9999) were less than 2% at the low ng g(-1) concentration. Mean recoveries ranged between 97 and 101%, and % RSD were below 5%. The imidacloprid mean concentrations of red grapes (125.124 ng g(-1)) and green grapes (702.030 ng g(-1)) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the grapes. Similarly, the fenitrothion mean concentration of red grapes (143.66 ng g(-1)) and green grapes (51.554 ng g(-1)) differed significantly (p < 0.001) between the fruits. The average concentration of quinalphos was 4.317 and 1.389 ng g(-1) differed significantly (p < 0.01) between the grapes. In apples imidacloprid, quinalphos, triazophos, ethion and acephate were also present. This study may be helpful in developing a regional exposure database and in the facilitation of health risk assessment due to pesticide exposure. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sinha, Sukesh Narayan; Vasudev, K.] Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Nutr Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500007, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Rao, M. Vishnu Vardhana] Natl Inst Nutr, Dept Biostat, Hyderabad 500007, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Odetokun, Martins] CDC, Pesticide Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sinha, SN (reprint author), Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Nutr Hyderabad, Jamai Osmania Po, Hyderabad 500007, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM sukeshnr_sinha@yahoo.com NR 38 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 2 BP 636 EP 646 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.11.031 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 898JZ UT WOS:000300740000032 ER PT J AU Alvar, J Velez, ID Bern, C Herrero, M Desjeux, P Cano, J Jannin, J den Boer, M AF Alvar, Jorge Velez, Ivan D. Bern, Caryn Herrero, Merce Desjeux, Philippe Cano, Jorge Jannin, Jean den Boer, Margriet CA WHO Leishmaniasis Control Team TI Leishmaniasis Worldwide and Global Estimates of Its Incidence SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; PASSIVE CASE DETECTION; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; CUTANEOUS-LEISHMANIASIS; KALA-AZAR; SOUTHERN SUDAN; HEALTH; INDIA; INFECTION; BURDEN AB As part of a World Health Organization-led effort to update the empirical evidence base for the leishmaniases, national experts provided leishmaniasis case data for the last 5 years and information regarding treatment and control in their respective countries and a comprehensive literature review was conducted covering publications on leishmaniasis in 98 countries and three territories (see 'Leishmaniasis Country Profiles Text S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21, S22, S23, S24, S25, S26, S27, S28, S29, S30, S31, S32, S33, S34, S35, S36, S37, S38, S39, S40, S41, S42, S43, S44, S45, S46, S47, S48, S49, S50, S51, S52, S53, S54, S55, S56, S57, S58, S59, S60, S61, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66, S67, S68, S69, S70, S71, S72, S73, S74, S75, S76, S77, S78, S79, S80, S81, S82, S83, S84, S85, S86, S87, S88, S89, S90, S91, S92, S93, S94, S95, S96, S97, S98, S99, S100, S101'). Additional information was collated during meetings conducted at WHO regional level between 2007 and 2011. Two questionnaires regarding epidemiology and drug access were completed by experts and national program managers. Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence ranges were estimated by country and epidemiological region based on reported incidence, underreporting rates if available, and the judgment of national and international experts. Based on these estimates, approximately 0.2 to 0.4 cases and 0.7 to 1.2 million VL and CL cases, respectively, occur each year. More than 90% of global VL cases occur in six countries: India, Bangladesh, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia and Brazil. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is more widely distributed, with about one-third of cases occurring in each of three epidemiological regions, the Americas, the Mediterranean basin, and western Asia from the Middle East to Central Asia. The ten countries with the highest estimated case counts, Afghanistan, Algeria, Colombia, Brazil, Iran, Syria, Ethiopia, North Sudan, Costa Rica and Peru, together account for 70 to 75% of global estimated CL incidence. Mortality data were extremely sparse and generally represent hospital-based deaths only. Using an overall case-fatality rate of 10%, we reach a tentative estimate of 20,000 to 40,000 leishmaniasis deaths per year. Although the information is very poor in a number of countries, this is the first in-depth exercise to better estimate the real impact of leishmaniasis. These data should help to define control strategies and reinforce leishmaniasis advocacy. C1 [Alvar, Jorge; Velez, Ivan D.; Jannin, Jean; den Boer, Margriet] WHO, Leishmaniasis Control Program, Dept Control Neglected Trop Dis HTM NTD IDM, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Velez, Ivan D.] Univ Antioquia, PECET, Medellin, Colombia. [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Herrero, Merce] WHO, Dis Prevent Programme, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Herrero, Merce] WHO, Dis Control Programme, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Desjeux, Philippe] Inst OneWorldHlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cano, Jorge] Inst Salud Carlos III, Natl Ctr Trop Med & Int Hlth, Madrid, Spain. RP Alvar, J (reprint author), WHO, Leishmaniasis Control Program, Dept Control Neglected Trop Dis HTM NTD IDM, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM alvarj@who.int NR 49 TC 1159 Z9 1186 U1 31 U2 180 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e35671 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0035671 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TY UT WOS:000305338500009 PM 22693548 ER PT J AU Gaffga, NH Behravesh, CB Ettestad, PJ Smelser, CB Rhorer, AR Cronquist, AB Comstock, NA Bidol, SA Patel, NJ Gerner-Smidt, P Keene, WE Gomez, TM Hopkins, BA Sotir, MJ Angulo, FJ AF Gaffga, Nicholas H. Behravesh, Casey Barton Ettestad, Paul J. Smelser, Chad B. Rhorer, Andrew R. Cronquist, Alicia B. Comstock, Nicole A. Bidol, Sally A. Patel, Nehal J. Gerner-Smidt, Peter Keene, William E. Gomez, Thomas M. Hopkins, Brett A. Sotir, Mark J. Angulo, Frederick J. TI Outbreak of Salmonellosis Linked to Live Poultry from a Mail-Order Hatchery SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB BACKGROUND Outbreaks of human salmonella infections are increasingly associated with contact with live poultry, but effective control measures are elusive. In 2005, a cluster of human salmonella Montevideo infections with a rare pattern on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (the outbreak strain) was identified by PulseNet, a national subtyping network. METHODS In cooperation with public health and animal health agencies, we conducted multistate investigations involving patient interviews, trace-back investigations, and environmental testing at a mail-order hatchery linked to the outbreak in order to identify the source of infections and prevent additional illnesses. A case was defined as an infection with the outbreak strain between 2004 and 2011. RESULTS From 2004 through 2011, we identified 316 cases in 43 states. The median age of the patient was 4 years. Interviews were completed with 156 patients (or their caretakers) (49%), and 36 of these patients (23%) were hospitalized. Among the 145 patients for whom information was available, 80 (55%) had bloody diarrhea. Information on contact with live young poultry was available for 159 patients, and 122 of these patients (77%) reported having such contact. A mail-order hatchery in the western United States was identified in 81% of the trace-back investigations, and the outbreak strain was isolated from samples collected at the hatchery. After interventions at the hatchery, the number of human infections declined, but transmission continued. CONCLUSIONS We identified a prolonged multistate outbreak of salmonellosis, predominantly affecting young children and associated with contact with live young poultry from a mail-order hatchery. Interventions performed at the hatchery reduced, but did not eliminate, associated human infections, demonstrating the difficulty of eliminating salmonella transmission from live poultry. C1 [Gaffga, Nicholas H.; Behravesh, Casey Barton; Patel, Nehal J.; Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Sotir, Mark J.; Angulo, Frederick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Water Borne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ettestad, Paul J.; Smelser, Chad B.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Rhorer, Andrew R.] Natl Poultry Improvement Plan, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Gomez, Thomas M.] Vet Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Gomez, Thomas M.] Dept Agr, Washington, DC USA. [Cronquist, Alicia B.; Comstock, Nicole A.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Bidol, Sally A.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Keene, William E.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Hopkins, Brett A.] Pfizer Anim Hlth, Overland Pk, KS USA. RP Gaffga, NH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Water Borne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E 02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ngaffga@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 366 IS 22 BP 2065 EP 2073 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 949YE UT WOS:000304613400006 PM 22646629 ER PT J AU Sestak, K Feely, S Fey, B Dufour, J Hargitt, E Alvarez, X Pahar, B Gregoricus, N Vinje, J Farkas, T AF Sestak, Karol Feely, Stephanie Fey, Brittney Dufour, Jason Hargitt, Edwin Alvarez, Xavier Pahar, Bapi Gregoricus, Nicole Vinje, Jan Farkas, Tibor TI Experimental Inoculation of Juvenile Rhesus Macaques with Primate Enteric Caliciviruses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; EPIDEMIC VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HUMAN NOROVIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SECRETING CELLS; UNITED-STATES; HAWAII AGENT; IN-VITRO AB Background: Tissue culture-adapted Tulane virus (TV), a GI.1 rhesus enteric calicivirus (ReCV), and a mixture of GII.2 and GII.4 human norovirus (NoV)-containing stool sample were used to intrastomacheally inoculate juvenile rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in order to evaluate infection caused by these viruses. Methodology & Findings: Two of the three TV-inoculated macaques developed diarrhea, fever, virus-shedding in stools, inflammation of duodenum and 16-fold increase of TV-neutralizing (VN) serum antibodies but no vomiting or viremia. No VN-antibody responses could be detected against a GI.2 ReCV strain FT285, suggesting that TV and FT285 represent different ReCV serotypes. Both NoV-inoculated macaques remained asymptomatic but with demonstrable virus shedding in one animal. Examination of duodenum biopsies of the TV-inoculated macaques showed lymphocytic infiltration of the lamina propria and villous blunting. TV antigen-positive (TV+) cells were detected in the lamina propria. In most of the TV+ cells TV co-localized perinuclearly with calnexin - an endoplasmic reticulum protein. A few CD20+TV+ double-positive B cells were also identified in duodenum. To corroborate the authenticity of CD20+TV+ B cells, in vitro cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy macaques were inoculated with TV. Multicolor flow cytometry confirmed the presence of TV antigen-containing B cells of predominantly CD20+HLA-DR+ phenotype. A 2-log increase of viral RNA by 6 days post inoculation (p<0.05) suggested active TV replication in cultured lymphocytes. Conclusions/Significance: Taken together, our results show that ReCVs represent an alternative cell culture and animal model to study enteric calicivirus replication, pathogenesis and immunity. C1 [Sestak, Karol; Feely, Stephanie; Dufour, Jason; Alvarez, Xavier; Pahar, Bapi] Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. [Sestak, Karol; Dufour, Jason; Alvarez, Xavier; Pahar, Bapi] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Covington, LA USA. [Fey, Brittney; Hargitt, Edwin; Farkas, Tibor] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Farkas, Tibor] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Gregoricus, Nicole; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sestak, K (reprint author), Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Covington, LA 70433 USA. EM ksestak@tulane.edu; tibor.farkas@cchmc.org OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675; Pahar, Bapi/0000-0003-1949-973X FU National Institutes of Health [R21RR024871, P51RR000164, U24RR018111, P01HD013021]; Infectious Disease Scholar Fund of CCHMC FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health R21RR024871, P51RR000164 and U24RR018111 to KS, and P01HD013021 and the Infectious Disease Scholar Fund of CCHMC to TF. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e37973 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0037973 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959YF UT WOS:000305353400064 PM 22666426 ER PT J AU Huffman, MD Capewell, S Ning, HY Shay, CM Ford, ES Lloyd-Jones, DM AF Huffman, Mark D. Capewell, Simon Ning, Hongyan Shay, Christina M. Ford, Earl S. Lloyd-Jones, Donald M. TI Cardiovascular Health Behavior and Health Factor Changes (1988-2008) and Projections to 2020 Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease risk factors; epidemiology; risk factors; trends ID HEART-DISEASE MORTALITY; RISK-FACTOR PROFILE; YOUNG-ADULTS; MIDDLE-AGE; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; US; LIFE AB Background-The American Heart Association's 2020 Strategic Impact Goals target a 20% relative improvement in overall cardiovascular health with the use of 4 health behavior (smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass) and 3 health factor (plasma glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure) metrics. We sought to define current trends and forward projections to 2020 in cardiovascular health. Methods and Results-We included 35 059 cardiovascular disease-free adults (aged >= 20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988-1994 and subsequent 2-year cycles during 1999-2008. We calculated population prevalence of poor, intermediate, and ideal health behaviors and factors and also computed a composite, individual-level Cardiovascular Health Score for all 7 metrics (poor = 0 points; intermediate = 1 point; ideal = 2 points; total range, 0-14 points). Prevalence of current and former smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension declined, whereas prevalence of obesity and dysglycemia increased through 2008. Physical activity levels and low diet quality scores changed minimally. Projections to 2020 suggest that obesity and impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus could increase to affect 43% and 77% of US men and 42% and 53% of US women, respectively. Overall, population-level cardiovascular health is projected to improve by 6% overall by 2020 if current trends continue. Individual-level Cardiovascular Health Score projections to 2020 (men = 7.4 [95% confidence interval, 5.7-9.1]; women = 8.8 [95% confidence interval, 7.6-9.9]) fall well below the level needed to achieve a 20% improvement (men = 9.4; women = 10.1). Conclusions-The American Heart Association 2020 target of improving cardiovascular health by 20% by 2020 will not be reached if current trends continue. (Circulation. 2012; 125: 2595-2602.) C1 [Huffman, Mark D.; Ning, Hongyan; Shay, Christina M.; Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Div Publ Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lloyd-Jones, DM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 680 N Lake Shore Dr,Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM dlj@northwestern.edu OI Shay, Christina/0000-0002-8310-7043; Huffman, Mark/0000-0001-7412-2519 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institiute [5 T32 HL069771-08] FX Drs Huffman and Shay were supported by a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institiute-sponsored cardiovascular epidemiology and prevention training grant during part of this work (5 T32 HL069771-08). All data used in this study were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 93 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 23 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 29 PY 2012 VL 125 IS 21 BP 2595 EP U322 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.070722 PG 23 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 981MQ UT WOS:000306972800016 PM 22547667 ER PT J AU Barr, I Hurt, A Kelso, A Reading, P Ly, S Seng, H Buchy, P Ung, SA Shu, YL Xu, CL Xu, Z Wang, DY Kama, M Singh, P Fujisaki, S Odagiri, T Tashiro, M Archkhawongs, S Khamphaphongphanh, B Vongphrachanh, P Kheong, CC Ismail, N Burmaa, A Darmaa, B Nymadawa, P Grangeon, JP Gourinat, AC Huang, QS Lopez, LD Lopez, JM Olveda, RM Roque, V Jennings, L Kang, C Lin, C Lin, R Tee, WSN Balish, A Corwin, A Kapella, BK Kitsutani, P McFarland, J Moen, A Xu, XY Vu, MPH Long, NL Mai, LQ Le, KHN Nguyen, HA Nguyen, TL Nguyen, TN Asgari, N Dawainavesi, A Denehy, EJ Dominguez, MN Jamsran, M Kasai, T Kool, J Lewis, H Luo, DP Olowokure, B Partridge, J Pavlin, B Samaan, G Singh, H Tsuyuoka, R Vakacegu, A Zhang, WQ AF Barr, Ian Hurt, Aeron Kelso, Anne Reading, Patrick Ly, Sovann Seng, Heng Buchy, Philippe Ung, Sam An Shu, Yuelong Xu, Cuiling Xu, Zhen Wang, Dayan Kama, Mike Singh, Prem Fujisaki, Seiichiro Odagiri, Takato Tashiro, Masato Archkhawongs, Sibounhom Khamphaphongphanh, Bouaphanh Vongphrachanh, Phengta Kheong, Chong Chee Ismail, Norizah Burmaa, Alexanderyn Darmaa, Badarchiin Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn Grangeon, Jean-Paul Gourinat, Ann-Claire Huang, Qiu Sue Lopez, Liza D. Lopez, Juan M. Olveda, Remigio M. Roque, Vito Jennings, Lance Kang, Chun Lin, Cui Lin, Raymond Tee, Wen Sim Nancy Balish, Amanda Corwin, Andrew Kapella, Bryan K. Kitsutani, Paul McFarland, Jeffrey Moen, Ann Xu, Xiyan Vu Mai Phuong Hoang Ngoc Long Long Le Quynh Mai Le Khanh Hang Nguyen Hoang Anh Nguyen Thanh Long Nguyen Thu Ngoc Nguyen Asgari, Nima Dawainavesi, Akanisi Denehy, Emma Jane Dominguez, Maria Nerissa Jamsran, Mendsaikhan Kasai, Takeshi Kool, Jacob Lewis, Hannah Luo, Dapeng Olowokure, Babatunde Partridge, Jeffrey Pavlin, Boris Samaan, Gina Singh, Harpal Tsuyuoka, Reiko Vakacegu, Apaitia Zhang, Wenqing CA Western Pacific Region Global Infl TI Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of Influenza in the Western Pacific Region of the World Health Organization, 2006-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HONG-KONG; COUNTRIES; DYNAMICS; VIRUS AB Background: Influenza causes yearly seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics. Global systems have been established to monitor the evolution and impact of influenza viruses, yet regional analysis of surveillance findings has been limited. This study describes epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza during 2006-2010 in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region. Methodology/Principal Findings: Influenza-like illness (ILI) and influenza virus data were obtained from the 14 countries with National Influenza Centres. Data were obtained directly from countries and from FluNet, the web-based tool of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System. National influenza surveillance and participation in the global system increased over the five years. Peaks in ILI reporting appeared to be coincident with the proportion of influenza positive specimens. Temporal patterns of ILI activity and the proportion of influenza positive specimens were clearly observed in temperate countries: Mongolia, Japan and the Republic of Korea in the northern hemisphere, and Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and New Caledonia (France) in the southern hemisphere. Two annual peaks in activity were observed in China from 2006 through the first quarter of 2009. A temporal pattern was less evident in tropical countries, where influenza activity was observed year-round. Influenza A viruses accounted for the majority of viruses reported between 2006 and 2009, but an equal proportion of influenza A and influenza B viruses was detected in 2010. Conclusions/Significance: Despite differences in surveillance methods and intensity, commonalities in ILI and influenza virus circulation patterns were identified. Patterns suggest that influenza circulation may be dependent on a multitude of factors including seasonality and population movement. Dominant strains in Southeast Asian countries were later detected in other countries. Thus, timely reporting and regional sharing of information about influenza may serve as an early warning, and may assist countries to anticipate the potential severity and burden associated with incoming strains. C1 [Ung, Sam An] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Dept Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Jennings, Lance] Univ Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Kang, Chun] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Seoul, South Korea. [Lin, Cui; Lin, Raymond; Tee, Wen Sim Nancy] Minist Hlth, Singapore, Singapore. [Balish, Amanda; Corwin, Andrew; Kapella, Bryan K.; Kitsutani, Paul; McFarland, Jeffrey; Moen, Ann; Xu, Xiyan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asgari, Nima; Dawainavesi, Akanisi; Denehy, Emma Jane; Dominguez, Maria Nerissa; Jamsran, Mendsaikhan; Kasai, Takeshi; Kool, Jacob; Lewis, Hannah; Luo, Dapeng; Olowokure, Babatunde; Partridge, Jeffrey; Pavlin, Boris; Samaan, Gina; Singh, Harpal; Tsuyuoka, Reiko; Vakacegu, Apaitia; Zhang, Wenqing] WHO, Washington, DC USA. EM partridgej@wpro.who.int OI Reading, Patrick/0000-0002-8860-5308; Barr, Ian/0000-0002-7351-418X; Hurt, Aeron/0000-0003-1826-4314; Kool, Jacob/0000-0002-9605-2918 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 29 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e37568 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0037568 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959WT UT WOS:000305349600020 ER PT J AU Swedin, L Arrighi, R Andersson-Willman, B Murray, A Chen, YY Karlsson, MCI Georen, SK Tkach, AV Shvedova, AA Fadeel, B Barragan, A Scheynius, A AF Swedin, Linda Arrighi, Romanico Andersson-Willman, Britta Murray, Ashley Chen, Yunying Karlsson, Mikael C. I. Georen, Susanna Kumlien Tkach, Alexey V. Shvedova, Anna A. Fadeel, Bengt Barragan, Antonio Scheynius, Annika TI Pulmonary exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes does not affect the early immune response against Toxoplasma gondii SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotubes; Bioluminescence imaging; Inflammation markers; Lung and spleen immunohistology; Dendritic cells; Macrophages; Toxoplasma gondii ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; DENDRITIC CELLS; PARASITE DISSEMINATION; GAMMA-INTERFERON; HOST-RESISTANCE; INFECTION; MICE; CYTOKINES; EVASION; INFLAMMATION AB Background: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) trigger pronounced inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs of mice following administration via pharyngeal aspiration or inhalation. Human exposure to SWCNT in an occupational setting may occur in conjunction with infections and this could yield enhanced or suppressed responses to the offending agent. Here, we studied whether the sequential exposure to SWCNT via pharyngeal aspiration and infection of mice with the ubiquitous intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii would impact on the immune response of the host against the parasite. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were pre-exposed by pharyngeal administration of SWCNT (80 + 80 mu g/mouse) for two consecutive days followed by intravenous injection with either 1x10(3) or 1x10(4) green fluorescence protein and luciferase-expressing T. gondii tachyzoites. The dissemination of T. gondii was monitored by in vivo bioluminescence imaging in real time for 7 days and by plaque formation. The inflammatory response was analysed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and by assessment of morphological changes and immune responses in lung and spleen. Results: There were no differences in parasite distribution between mice only inoculated with T. gondii or those mice pre-exposed for 2 days to SWCNT before parasite inoculum. Lung and spleen histology and inflammation markers in BAL fluid reflected the effects of SWCNT exposure and T. gondii injection, respectively. We also noted that CD11c positive dendritic cells but not F4/80 positive macrophages retained SWCNT in the lungs 9 days after pharyngeal aspiration. However, co-localization of T. gondii with CD11c or F4/80 positive cells could not be observed in lungs or spleen. Pre-exposure to SWCNT did not affect the splenocyte response to T. gondii. Conclusions: Taken together, our data indicate that pre-exposure to SWCNT does not enhance or suppress the early immune response to T. gondii in mice. C1 [Andersson-Willman, Britta; Chen, Yunying; Karlsson, Mikael C. I.; Scheynius, Annika] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Translat Immunol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden. [Swedin, Linda; Fadeel, Bengt] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Div Mol Toxicol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Arrighi, Romanico; Barragan, Antonio] Swedish Inst Communicable Dis Control, Stockholm, Sweden. [Arrighi, Romanico; Barragan, Antonio] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Ctr Infect Med, Stockholm, Sweden. [Murray, Ashley; Tkach, Alexey V.; Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Georen, Susanna Kumlien] Karolinska Inst, Div ENTdis, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Murray, Ashley; Shvedova, Anna A.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Scheynius, A (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Translat Immunol Unit, Stockholm, Sweden. EM annika.scheynius@ki.se RI Barragan, Antonio/P-6278-2015; OI Barragan, Antonio/0000-0001-7746-9964; Kumlien Georen, Susanna/0000-0001-7292-9255 FU European Commission [214281]; NIOSH NTRC [1927ZJHF]; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research; Karolinska Institutet FX This work was supported by the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Commission (EC-FP7-NANOMMUNE-Grant Agreement No. 214281), NIOSH NTRC #1927ZJHF, the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, and Karolinska Institutet. We are grateful to Lisa Sjoberg, and Cecilia Kemi (Karolinska Institutet) for excellent advice and assistance on histological methods and to Prof. Sven-Erik Dahlen (Karolinska Institutet) for valuable comments. The authors are thankful to Joshua Kramer D. V. M at Charter Preclinical Services, Hudson, MA, USA, for pathological examination of hematoxylin and eosin stained lung preparations. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD MAY 23 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 16 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-9-16 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 041TT UT WOS:000311424800001 PM 22621311 ER PT J AU Lima, JC Rodrigues-da-Silva, RN Banic, DM Jiang, JL Singh, B Fabricio-Silva, GM Porto, LCS Meyer, EVS Moreno, A Rodrigues, MM Barnwell, JW Galinski, MR de Oliveira-Ferreira, J AF Lima-Junior, Josue C. Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo N. Banic, Dalma M. Jiang, Jianlin Singh, Balwan Fabricio-Silva, Gustavo M. Porto, Luis C. S. Meyer, Esmeralda V. S. Moreno, Alberto Rodrigues, Mauricio M. Barnwell, John W. Galinski, Mary R. de Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli TI Influence of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles on IgG Antibody Response to the P. vivax MSP-1, MSP-3 alpha and MSP-9 in Individuals from Brazilian Endemic Area SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; HLA CLASS-II; C-TERMINAL REGIONS; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IMMUNOGENIC PROPERTIES; MALARIA PARASITES; FALCIPARUM; VACCINE AB Background: The antibody response generated during malaria infections is of particular interest, since the production of specific IgG antibodies is required for acquisition of clinical immunity. However, variations in antibody responses could result from genetic polymorphism of the HLA class II genes. Given the increasing focus on the development of subunit vaccines, studies of the influence of class II alleles on the immune response in ethnically diverse populations is important, prior to the implementation of vaccine trials. Methods and Findings: In this study, we evaluated the influence of HLA-DRB1* and -DQB1* allelic groups on the naturally acquired humoral response from Brazilian Amazon individuals (n = 276) against P. vivax Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (MSP-1), MSP-3 alpha and MSP-9 recombinant proteins. Our results provide information concerning these three P. vivax antigens, relevant for their role as immunogenic surface proteins and vaccine candidates. Firstly, the studied population was heterogeneous presenting 13 HLA-DRB1* and 5 DQB1* allelic groups with a higher frequency of HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DQB1*03. The proteins studied were broadly immunogenic in a naturally exposed population with high frequency of IgG antibodies against PvMSP1-19 (86.7%), PvMSP-3 (77%) and PvMSP-9 (76%). Moreover, HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DQB1*03 alleles were associated with a higher frequency of IgG immune responses against five out of nine antigens tested, while HLA-DRB1* 01 was associated with a high frequency of non-responders to repetitive regions of PvMSP-9, and the DRB1*16 allelic group with the low frequency of responders to PvMSP3 full length recombinant protein. Conclusions: HLA-DRB1*04 alleles were associated with high frequency of antibody responses to five out of nine recombinant proteins tested in Rondonia State, Brazil. These features could increase the success rate of future clinical trials based on these vaccine candidates. C1 [Lima-Junior, Josue C.; de Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Immunoparasitol, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Lima-Junior, Josue C.; Rodrigues-da-Silva, Rodrigo N.] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Fiocruz, Ctr Technol Dev Hlth CDTS, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Banic, Dalma M.; Meyer, Esmeralda V. S.] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Simulideos & Oncocercose, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Jiang, Jianlin; Singh, Balwan; Meyer, Esmeralda V. S.; Moreno, Alberto; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Fabricio-Silva, Gustavo M.; Porto, Luis C. S.] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Histocompatibil & Cryopreservat Lab, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Rodrigues, Mauricio M.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Ctr Terapia Celular & Mol CTCMol, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Moreno, Alberto; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barnwell, John W.] CDC Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lima, JC (reprint author), Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Immunoparasitol, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM lila@ioc.fiocruz.br RI Rodrigues, Mauricio/B-8512-2012; Vacinas, Inct/J-9431-2013; Lima-Junior, Josue /B-1361-2014; Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli/E-7942-2014; OI Lima-Junior, Josue /0000-0002-5848-404X; Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli/0000-0002-6063-465X; Banic, Dalma Maria/0000-0003-1619-3794 FU Brazilian National Research Council - CNPq/ (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico) Fiocruz; FAPESP (Foundation for Research Support of the State of Sao Paulo) [2009/15132-4]; INCTV-CNPq, (The National Institute for Vaccine Technology) National Institute of Health; Yerkes National Primate Research Center Base [RR00165]; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health; NIH [RO1 AI0555994]; CAPES/Fiocruz FX This work was supported by Brazilian National Research Council - CNPq/PAPES, (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/Programa de Apoio Pesquisa Estrategica em Sade) Fiocruz, FAPESP (Foundation for Research Support of the State of Sao Paulo) 2009/15132-4 and INCTV-CNPq, (The National Institute for Vaccine Technology) National Institute of Health, the Yerkes National Primate Research Center Base Grant # RR00165 awarded by the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health, and NIH Grants # RO1 AI0555994. Josue da Costa Lima Junior was the recipient of a CAPES/Fiocruz Fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 23 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e36419 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0036419 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TH UT WOS:000305335800010 PM 22649493 ER PT J AU Lawaczeck, EW Mead, PS Schriefer, ME Brett, ME McCollum, JT AF Lawaczeck, Elisabeth W. Mead, Paul S. Schriefer, Martin E. Brett, Meghan E. McCollum, Jeffrey T. TI Tickborne Relapsing Fever in a Mother and Newborn Child - Colorado, 2011 (Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION vol 61, pg 174, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Brett, Meghan E.; McCollum, Jeffrey T.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lawaczeck, Elisabeth W.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schriefer, Martin E.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCollum, JT (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmccollum@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 23 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 20 BP 2140 EP 2142 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 945YX UT WOS:000304315200008 ER PT J AU Noell, D Delke, I Hill, WC Yelverton, RW Carden, DL Neal, MH Womack, LS Sappenfield, WM Burch, DL Hernandez, LE Callaghan, WM AF Noell, Dani Delke, Isaac Hill, Washington C. Yelverton, Robert W. Carden, Donna L. Neal, Margaret H. Womack, Lindsay S. Sappenfield, William M. Burch, Deborah L. Hernandez, Leticia E. Callaghan, William M. TI Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality - Florida, 2009-2010 (Reprinted from JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION vol 6, pg 106, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; CARE C1 [Womack, Lindsay S.; Sappenfield, William M.; Burch, Deborah L.; Hernandez, Leticia E.; Callaghan, William M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Florida Dept Health, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Womack, LS (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Florida Dept Health, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lindsay_womack@doh.state.fl.us NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 23 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 20 BP 2142 EP 2144 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 945YX UT WOS:000304315200009 ER PT J AU Thompson, MG Gaglani, MJ Naleway, A Ball, S Henkle, EM Sokolow, LZ Brennan, B Zhou, H Foster, L Black, C Kennedy, ED Bozeman, S Grohskopf, LA Shay, DK AF Thompson, Mark G. Gaglani, Manjusha J. Naleway, Allison Ball, Sarah Henkle, Emily M. Sokolow, Leslie Z. Brennan, Beth Zhou, Hong Foster, Lydia Black, Carla Kennedy, Erin D. Bozeman, Sam Grohskopf, Lisa A. Shay, David K. TI The expected emotional benefits of influenza vaccination strongly affect pre-season intentions and subsequent vaccination among healthcare personnel SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Health care personnel; Health care workers; Influenza vaccination; Attitudes; Emotion ID WORKERS; IMMUNIZATION; ATTITUDES; RISK; BEHAVIOR; RATES; WILLINGNESS; ACCEPT; METAANALYSIS; PERCEPTIONS AB Background: The relative importance of different attitudes in predicting vaccination among healthcare personnel (HCP) is unclear. We hypothesized that HCP who feel at risk without vaccination or say they would regret not getting vaccinated would be more likely to get vaccinated than HCP who do not expect these emotional benefits. Methods: A prospective cohort of 1544 HCP with direct patient care was enrolled from September 18 to December 18, 2010 at Scott & White Healthcare in Texas and Kaiser Permanente Northwest in Oregon and Washington. An Internet-based questionnaire assessed pre-season intention to be vaccinated and included 12 questions on attitudes about vaccination: single-item measures of perceived susceptibility and vaccine effectiveness, 5 items that were summed to form a concerns about vaccine scale, and 5 items summed to form an emotional benefits of vaccination scale. Influenza vaccination status for the 2010-2011 season and for 5 prior seasons was confirmed by medical record extraction. Results: There were significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated HCP on all attitude items; 72% of vaccinated HCP agreed that they "worry less about getting the flu" if vaccinated, compared to only 26% of the unvaccinated (odds ratio = 7.4,95% confidence interval = 5.8-9.5). In a multivariate model, the emotional benefits scale was the strongest predictor of 2010-2011 seasonal influenza vaccination, after adjusting for other attitude measures, prior vaccination history, and pre-season intention to be vaccinated. The predictive value of the emotional benefits scale was strongest for HCP with low pre-season intention to be vaccinated, where HCP vaccine receipt was 15% versus 83% for those with low versus high scores on the emotional benefits scale. Conclusions: The expected emotional benefits of vaccination strongly affect seasonal influenza vaccination among HCP, even after taking into account other attitudes, pre-season intentions, and prior vaccination history. These attitudes are promising targets for future vaccination campaigns. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thompson, Mark G.; Sokolow, Leslie Z.; Zhou, Hong; Foster, Lydia; Grohskopf, Lisa A.; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha J.] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX USA. [Naleway, Allison; Henkle, Emily M.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Ball, Sarah; Brennan, Beth; Bozeman, Sam] ABT Associates Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Sokolow, Leslie Z.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Black, Carla; Kennedy, Erin D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thompson, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isq8@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-F-33396] FX Funding for this study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2010-F-33396 to Abt Associates, Inc.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abt Associates, Inc., Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, or Scott & White Healthcare. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 21 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 24 BP 3557 EP 3565 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.062 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 951SY UT WOS:000304741500010 PM 22475860 ER PT J AU Pretty, IA McGrady, M Zakian, C Ellwood, RP Taylor, A Sharif, MO Iafolla, T Martinez-Mier, EA Srisilapanan, P Korwanich, N Goodwin, M Dye, BA AF Pretty, Iain A. McGrady, Michael Zakian, Christian Ellwood, Roger P. Taylor, Andrew Sharif, Mohammed Owaise Iafolla, Timothy Martinez-Mier, E. Angeles Srisilapanan, Patcharawan Korwanich, Narumanas Goodwin, Michaela Dye, Bruce A. TI Quantitative Light Fluorescence (QLF) and Polarized White Light (PWL) assessments of dental fluorosis in an epidemiological setting SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS; EXAMINATION SURVEY NHANES; ORAL-HEALTH COMPONENT; PHOTOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT; QUALITY-ASSURANCE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; FLUORIDE INTAKE; INDEX; PREVALENCE; AGREEMENT AB Background: To determine if a novel dual camera imaging system employing both polarized white light (PWL) and quantitative light induced fluorescence imaging (QLF) is appropriate for measuring enamel fluorosis in an epidemiological setting. The use of remote and objective scoring systems is of importance in fluorosis assessments due to the potential risk of examiner bias using clinical methods. Methods: Subjects were recruited from a panel previously characterized for fluorosis and caries to ensure a range of fluorosis presentation. A total of 164 children, aged 11 years (+/- 1.3) participated following consent. Each child was examined using the novel imaging system, a traditional digital SLR camera, and clinically using the Dean's and Thylstrup and Fejerskov (TF) Indices on the upper central and lateral incisors. Polarized white light and SLR images were scored for both Dean's and TF indices by raters and fluorescence images were automatically scored using software. Results: Data from 164 children were available with a good distribution of fluorosis severity. The automated software analysis of QLF images demonstrated significant correlations with the clinical examinations for both Dean's and TF index. Agreement (measured by weighted Kappa's) between examiners scoring clinically, from polarized photographs and from SLR images ranged from 0.56 to 0.92. Conclusions: The study suggests that the use of a digital imaging system to capture images for either automated software analysis, or remote assessment by raters is suitable for epidemiological work. The use of recorded images enables study archiving, assessment by multiple examiners, remote assessment and objectivity due to the blinding of subject status. C1 [Pretty, Iain A.; McGrady, Michael; Zakian, Christian; Ellwood, Roger P.; Taylor, Andrew; Goodwin, Michaela] Univ Manchester, Sch Dent, Colgate Palmol Dent Hlth Unit, Manchester M15 6SH, Lancs, England. [Sharif, Mohammed Owaise] Univ Manchester, Sch Dent, Oral Hlth Unit, Manchester M15 6SH, Lancs, England. [Dye, Bruce A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Iafolla, Timothy] Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Martinez-Mier, E. Angeles] Indiana Univ, Sch Dent, Oral Hlth Res Inst, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Srisilapanan, Patcharawan; Korwanich, Narumanas] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Dent, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Pretty, IA (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Dent, Colgate Palmol Dent Hlth Unit, Lloyd St N,Manchester Sci Pk, Manchester M15 6SH, Lancs, England. EM iain.pretty@manchester.ac.uk FU Colgate Palmolive; Colgate Palmolive (UK); CDC/NCHS; NIH/NIDCR FX None of the authors are aware of any competing interests in the production of this manuscript. The University of Manchester Dental Health Unit is co-funded by Colgate Palmolive.; The University of Manchester Dental Health Unit is supported by an unrestricted grant from Colgate Palmolive (UK). IAP is an NIHR (UK) Clinician Scientist. The CDC/NCHS and NIH/NIDCR supported the study under a special project award. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 20 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 366 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-366 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 037CR UT WOS:000311079500001 PM 22607363 ER PT J AU Kimmick, GG Fleming, S Sabatino, SA Wu, XC Hwang, W Wilson, JF Lund, MJB Cress, R Anderson, RT AF Kimmick, Gretchen Genevieve Fleming, Steven Sabatino, Susan A. Wu, Xiao-cheng Hwang, Wenke Wilson, J. Frank Lund, Mary Jo B. Cress, Rosemary Anderson, Roger T. TI Influence of comorbidity on guideline concordant care for breast cancer: Findings from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Program of Cancer Registry (NPCR) patterns of care study. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 48th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology (ASCO) CY JUN 01-06, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol (ASCO) C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC EARB, Atlanta, GA USA. Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Penn State Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Inst Publ Hlth, Oakland, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 15 SU S MA 6052 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 131QQ UT WOS:000318009803815 ER PT J AU Feldman, L Patel, D Ortmann, L Robinson, K Popovic, T AF Feldman, Lindsay Patel, Deesha Ortmann, Leonard Robinson, Kara Popovic, Tanja TI Educating for the future: another important benefit of data sharing SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 [Feldman, Lindsay; Ortmann, Leonard; Popovic, Tanja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patel, Deesha; Robinson, Kara] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Popovic, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TPopovic@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 19 PY 2012 VL 379 IS 9829 BP 1877 EP 1878 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 944IW UT WOS:000304194200026 PM 22608336 ER PT J AU Olson, NA Davidow, AL Winston, CA Chen, MP Gazmararian, JA Katz, DJ AF Olson, Nicole A. Davidow, Amy L. Winston, Carla A. Chen, Michael P. Gazmararian, Julie A. Katz, Dolores J. TI A national study of socioeconomic status and tuberculosis rates by country of birth, United States, 1996-2005 SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID DISPARITIES GEOCODING PROJECT; FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; NEW-YORK-CITY; US-BORN; ADHERENCE; HEALTH; INFECTION; INCENTIVES; RACE/ETHNICITY; TRANSMISSION AB Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in developed countries has historically been associated with poverty and low socioeconomic status (SES). In the past quarter century, TB in the United States has changed from primarily a disease of native-born to primarily a disease of foreign-born persons, who accounted for more than 60% of newly-diagnosed TB cases in 2010. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of SES with rates of TB in U.S.-born and foreign-born persons in the United States, overall and for the five most common foreign countries of origin. Methods: National TB surveillance data for 1996-2005 was linked with ZIP Code-level measures of SES (crowding, unemployment, education, and income) from U. S. Census 2000. ZIP Codes were grouped into quartiles from low SES to high SES and TB rates were calculated for foreign-born and U. S.-born populations in each quartile. Results: TB rates were highest in the quartiles with low SES for both U. S.-born and foreign-born populations. However, while TB rates increased five-fold or more from the two highest to the two lowest SES quartiles among the U. S.-born, they increased only by a factor of 1.3 among the foreign-born. Conclusions: Low SES is only weakly associated with TB among foreign-born persons in the United States. The traditional associations of TB with poverty are not sufficient to explain the epidemiology of TB among foreign-born persons in this country and perhaps in other developed countries. TB outreach and research efforts that focus only on low SES will miss an important segment of the foreign-born population. C1 [Winston, Carla A.; Chen, Michael P.; Katz, Dolores J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olson, Nicole A.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, STD Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Davidow, Amy L.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Prevent Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Gazmararian, Julie A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Katz, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ddk4@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 18 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 365 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-365 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 048YR UT WOS:000311949700001 PM 22607324 ER PT J AU Price, EP Dale, JL Cook, JM Sarovich, DS Seymour, ML Ginther, JL Kaufman, EL Beckstrom-Sternberg, SM Mayo, M Kaestli, M Glass, MB Gee, JE Wuthiekanun, V Warner, JM Baker, A Foster, JT Tan, P Tuanyok, A Limmathurotsakul, D Peacock, SJ Currie, BJ Wagner, DM Keim, P Pearson, T AF Price, Erin P. Dale, Julia L. Cook, James M. Sarovich, Derek S. Seymour, Meagan L. Ginther, Jennifer L. Kaufman, Emily L. Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M. Mayo, Mark Kaestli, Mirjam Glass, Mindy B. Gee, Jay E. Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn Warner, Jeffrey M. Baker, Anthony Foster, Jeffrey T. Tan, Patrick Tuanyok, Apichai Limmathurotsakul, Direk Peacock, Sharon J. Currie, Bart J. Wagner, David M. Keim, Paul Pearson, Talima TI Development and Validation of Burkholderia pseudomallei-Specific Real-Time PCR Assays for Clinical, Environmental or Forensic Detection Applications SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID III SECRETION SYSTEM; CAUSATIVE AGENT; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; MELIOIDOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; MALLEI; THAILANDENSIS; SOIL; DISCRIMINATION AB The bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a rare but serious illness that can be fatal if untreated or misdiagnosed. Species-specific PCR assays provide a technically simple method for differentiating B. pseudomallei from near-neighbor species. However, substantial genetic diversity and high levels of recombination within this species reduce the likelihood that molecular signatures will differentiate all B. pseudomallei from other Burkholderiaceae. Currently available molecular assays for B. pseudomallei detection lack rigorous validation across large in silico datasets and isolate collections to test for specificity, and none have been subjected to stringent quality control criteria (accuracy, precision, selectivity, limit of quantitation (LoQ), limit of detection (LoD), linearity, ruggedness and robustness) to determine their suitability for environmental, clinical or forensic investigations. In this study, we developed two novel B. pseudomallei specific assays, 122018 and 266152, using a dual-probe approach to differentiate B. pseudomallei from B. thailandensis, B. oklahomensis and B. thailandensis-like species; other species failed to amplify. Species specificity was validated across a large DNA panel (> 2,300 samples) comprising Burkholderia spp. and non-Burkholderia bacterial and fungal species of clinical and environmental relevance. Comparison of assay specificity to two previously published B. pseudomallei-specific assays, BurkDiff and TTS1, demonstrated comparable performance of all assays, providing between 99.7 and 100% specificity against our isolate panel. Last, we subjected 122018 and 266152 to rigorous quality control analyses, thus providing quantitative limits of assay performance. Using B. pseudomallei as a model, our study provides a framework for comprehensive quantitative validation of molecular assays and provides additional, highly validated B. pseudomallei assays for the scientific research community. C1 [Price, Erin P.; Dale, Julia L.; Cook, James M.; Sarovich, Derek S.; Seymour, Meagan L.; Ginther, Jennifer L.; Kaufman, Emily L.; Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M.; Foster, Jeffrey T.; Tuanyok, Apichai; Wagner, David M.; Keim, Paul; Pearson, Talima] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Price, Erin P.; Sarovich, Derek S.; Mayo, Mark; Kaestli, Mirjam; Currie, Bart J.] Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Casuarina, NT, Australia. [Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M.; Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Glass, Mindy B.; Gee, Jay E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn; Limmathurotsakul, Direk; Peacock, Sharon J.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. [Warner, Jeffrey M.; Baker, Anthony] James Cook Univ, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Tan, Patrick] Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. [Peacock, Sharon J.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Peacock, Sharon J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. RP Price, EP (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM talima.pearson@nau.edu RI Price, Erin/N-2336-2013; OI Price, Erin/0000-0002-1079-4882; Foster, Jeffrey/0000-0001-8235-8564; Sarovich, Derek/0000-0002-6944-3980 FU United States Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-C-00139]; Wellcome Trust FX This project was funded by the United States Department of Homeland Security (HSHQDC-10-C-00139). DL and VW were supported by the Wellcome Trust. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 18 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e37723 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0037723 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959VG UT WOS:000305343500150 PM 22624061 ER PT J AU Kang, SO Wright, JO Tesorero, RA Lee, H Beall, B Cho, KH AF Kang, Song Ok Wright, Jordan O. Tesorero, Rafael A. Lee, Hyunwoo Beall, Bernard Cho, Kyu Hong TI Thermoregulation of Capsule Production by Streptococcus pyogenes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCUS; HYALURONIC-ACID CAPSULE; VIRULENCE GENE-EXPRESSION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; H-NS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; M-PROTEIN; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL AB The capsule of Streptococcus pyogenes serves as an adhesin as well as an anti-phagocytic factor by binding to CD44 on keratinocytes of the pharyngeal mucosa and the skin, the main entry sites of the pathogen. We discovered that S. pyogenes HSC5 and MGAS315 strains are further thermoregulated for capsule production at a post-transcriptional level in addition to the transcriptional regulation by the CovRS two-component regulatory system. When the transcription of the hasABC capsular biosynthetic locus was de-repressed through mutation of the covRS system, the two strains, which have been used for pathogenesis studies in the laboratory, exhibited markedly increased capsule production at sub-body temperature. Employing transposon mutagenesis, we found that CvfA, a previously identified membrane-associated endoribonuclease, is required for the thermoregulation of capsule synthesis. The mutation of the cvfA gene conferred increased capsule production regardless of temperature. However, the amount of the capsule transcript was not changed by the mutation, indicating that a post-transcriptional regulator mediates between CvfA and thermoregulated capsule production. When we tested naturally occurring invasive mucoid strains, a high percentage (11/53, 21%) of the strains exhibited thermoregulated capsule production. As expected, the mucoid phenotype of these strains at sub-body temperature was due to mutations within the chromosomal covRS genes. Capsule thermoregulation that exhibits high capsule production at lower temperatures that occur on the skin or mucosal surface potentially confers better capability of adhesion and invasion when S. pyogenes penetrates the epithelial surface. C1 [Kang, Song Ok; Wright, Jordan O.; Tesorero, Rafael A.; Cho, Kyu Hong] So Illinois Univ, Dept Microbiol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Lee, Hyunwoo] Univ Illinois, Ctr Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Chicago, IL USA. [Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kang, SO (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM cho@micro.siu.edu FU Scientist Development Grant from the American Heart Association [11SDG7440083] FX This work was supported by Scientist Development Grant 11SDG7440083 from the American Heart Association. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 17 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e37367 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0037367 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959UQ UT WOS:000305341200069 PM 22615992 ER PT J AU Shi, GQ Huang, WL Zhang, J Zhao, H Shen, T Fontaine, RE Yang, L Zhao, S Lu, BL Wang, YB Ma, L Li, ZX Gao, Y Yang, ZL Zeng, G AF Shi, Guo-Qing Huang, Wen-Li Zhang, Jian Zhao, Hong Shen, Tao Fontaine, Robert E. Yang, Lin Zhao, Su Lu, Bu-Lai Wang, Yue-Bing Ma, Lin Li, Zhao-Xiang Gao, Yang Yang, Zhu-Liang Zeng, Guang TI Clusters of Sudden Unexplained Death Associated with the Mushroom, Trogia venenata, in Rural Yunnan Province, China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC LEADS; SYNDROME SURVIVORS; BRUGADA-SYNDROME; MANAGEMENT; POISONINGS; SLEEP AB Introduction: Since the late 1970's, time-space clusters of sudden unexplained death (SUD) in northwest Yunnan, China have alarmed the public and health authorities. From 2006-2009, we initiated enhanced surveillance for SUD to identify a cause, and we warned villagers to avoid eating unfamiliar mushrooms. Methods: We established surveillance for SUD, defined as follows: sudden onset of serious, unexplained physical impairment followed by death in,24 hours. A mild case was onset of any illness in a member of the family or close socially related group of a SUD victim within 1 week of a SUD. We interviewed witnesses of SUD and mild case-persons to identify exposures to potentially toxic substances. We tested blood from mild cases, villagers, and for standard biochemical, enzyme, and electrolyte markers of disease. Results: We identified 33 SUD, a 73% decline from 2002-2005, distributed among 21 villages of 11 counties. We found a previously undescribed mushroom, Trogia venenata, was eaten by 5 of 7 families with SUD clusters compared to 0 of 31 other control-families from the same villages. In T. venenata-exposed persons SUD was characterized by sudden loss of consciousness during normal activities. This mushroom grew nearby 75% of 61 villages that had time-space SUD clusters from 1975 to 2009 compared to 17% of 18 villages with only single SUD (p < 0.001, Fisher's exact test). Discussion: Epidemiologic data has implicated T. venenata as a probable cause of clusters of SUD in northwestern Yunnan Province. Warnings to villagers about eating this mushroom should continue. C1 [Shi, Guo-Qing; Shen, Tao; Fontaine, Robert E.; Lu, Bu-Lai; Gao, Yang; Zeng, Guang] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Huang, Wen-Li; Yang, Lin; Zhao, Su; Wang, Yue-Bing; Ma, Lin; Li, Zhao-Xiang] Yunnan Inst Endem Dis Control & Prevent, Dali, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Hong] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Cardiovasc Inst, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Hong] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Fuwai Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Hong] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yang, Zhu-Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. RP Shi, GQ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM zeng4605@vip.sina.com FU Ministry of Health, China [200802002] FX Funding was from Scientific Research Special Funds (200802002) of Ministry of Health, China. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 17 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e35894 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0035894 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959UQ UT WOS:000305341200003 PM 22615743 ER PT J AU Silk, BJ Sadumah, I Patel, MK Were, V Person, B Harris, J Otieno, R Nygren, B Loo, J Eleveld, A Quick, RE Cohen, AL AF Silk, Benjamin J. Sadumah, Ibrahim Patel, Minal K. Were, Vincent Person, Bobbie Harris, Julie Otieno, Ronald Nygren, Benjamin Loo, Jennifer Eleveld, Alie Quick, Robert E. Cohen, Adam L. TI A strategy to increase adoption of locally-produced, ceramic cookstoves in rural Kenyan households SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID INDOOR AIR-POLLUTION; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; SOLID-FUEL USE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DIARRHEA PREVENTION; DEVELOPING-WORLD; SAFE STORAGE; CHILDREN; HEALTH; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: Exposure to household air pollutants released during cooking has been linked to numerous adverse health outcomes among residents of rural areas in low-income countries. Improved cookstoves are one of few available interventions, but achieving equity in cookstove access has been challenging. Therefore, innovative approaches are needed. To evaluate a project designed to motivate adoption of locally-produced, ceramic cookstoves (upesi jiko) in an impoverished, rural African population, we assessed the perceived benefits of the cookstoves (in monetary and time-savings terms), the rate of cookstove adoption, and the equity of adoption. Methods: The project was conducted in 60 rural Kenyan villages in 2008 and 2009. Baseline (n = 1250) and follow-up (n = 293) surveys and a stove-tracking database were analyzed. Results: At baseline, nearly all respondents used wood (95%) and firepits (99%) for cooking; 98% desired smoke reductions. Households with upesi jiko subsequently spent < 100 Kenyan Shillings/week on firewood more often (40%) than households without upesi jiko (20%) (p = 0.0002). There were no significant differences in the presence of children < 2 years of age in households using upesi jiko (48%) or three-stone stoves (49%) (p = 0.88); children 2-5 years of age were less common in households using upesi jiko versus three-stone stoves (46% and 69%, respectively) (p = 0.0001). Vendors installed 1,124 upesi jiko in 757 multi-family households in 18 months; 68% of these transactions involved incentives for vendors and purchasers. Relatively few (< 10%) upesi jiko were installed in households of women in the youngest age quartile (< 22 years) or among households in the poorest quintile. Conclusions: Our strategy of training of local vendors, appropriate incentives, and product integration effectively accelerated cookstove adoption into a large number of households. The strategy also created opportunities to reinforce health messages and promote cookstoves sales and installation. However, the project's overall success was diminished by inequitable and incomplete adoption by households with the lowest socioeconomic status and young children present. Additional evaluations of similar strategies will be needed to determine whether our strategy can be applied equitably elsewhere, and whether reductions in fuel use, household air pollution, and the incidence of respiratory diseases will follow adoption of improved cookstoves. C1 [Silk, Benjamin J.; Patel, Minal K.; Harris, Julie] Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Silk, Benjamin J.; Loo, Jennifer; Cohen, Adam L.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sadumah, Ibrahim; Were, Vincent; Otieno, Ronald] Nyando Integrated Child Hlth & Educ Project, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [Patel, Minal K.; Person, Bobbie; Harris, Julie; Nygren, Benjamin; Quick, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Eleveld, Alie] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. RP Silk, BJ (reprint author), Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsilk@cdc.gov FU Protection of the Human Environment Program of the World Health Organization [2008/9037/0]; Respiratory Diseases Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; U.S. Agency for International Development; Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) FX We dedicate this work to the memory of our esteemed colleague and friend, Dr. Alfredo Obure (1976-2009). We thank Maureen Akinyi, Sitnah H. Faith, Martha Gembo, Gregory M. Kaudo, Stephen Kola, Pamela Mola, Jacinter Muga, Zacheous Nandi, Erick J. Ochieng, John Ochieng, Peter Ochieng, Jared Odhiambo, Lorraine A. Ogange, Nancy Okutta, Paul Okuta, Rosebella Ouda, Jairus O. Owino, Maurice Owiti, Mercy A. Owuor, Rosemary Owuor, Aloyce O. Rakinyo, and Christine Seje. Reviewers provided substantial feedback that improved the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Protection of the Human Environment Program of the World Health Organization (2008/9037/0), the Respiratory Diseases Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ). NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAY 16 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 359 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-359 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 037CP UT WOS:000311079200001 PM 22591643 ER PT J AU Hausman, LB Kretsinger, K AF Hausman, Leslie B. Kretsinger, Katrina TI Progress Toward Global Polio Eradication-Africa, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 190-194, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Kretsinger, Katrina] WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Hausman, Leslie B.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kretsinger, K (reprint author), WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM kkretsinger@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 16 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 19 BP 2018 EP 2020 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 942MM UT WOS:000304048200007 ER PT J AU Reik, L Abubakar, A Opoka, M Mindra, G Sejvar, J Dowell, SF Navarro-Colorado, C Blanton, C Ratto, J Bunga, S Foltz, J AF Reik, Lul Abubakar, Abdinasir Opoka, Martin Mindra, Godwin Sejvar, James Dowell, Scott F. Navarro-Colorado, Carlos Blanton, Curtis Ratto, Jeffrey Bunga, Sudhir Foltz, Jennifer TI Nodding Syndrome-South Sudan, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 61, pg 52-54, 2012) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Bunga, Sudhir; Foltz, Jennifer] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bunga, S (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbunga@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 16 PY 2012 VL 307 IS 19 BP 2021 EP 2022 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 942MM UT WOS:000304048200008 ER PT J AU Mensah, GA Casper, M Schwartz, G Gebreab, S Williams, I Taylor, H AF Mensah, George A. Casper, Michele Schwartz, Greg Gebreab, Samson Williams, Ishmael Taylor, Herman TI National trends mask important county-level spatio-temporal trends in gender disparities for heart disease mortality, United States, 1970-2006 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress of Cardiology Scientific Sessions CY APR 18-21, 2012 CL Dubai, U ARAB EMIRATES C1 [Mensah, George A.] Pepsico, Global Res & Dev, R&D Nutr, Chicago, IL USA. [Casper, Michele; Schwartz, Greg; Williams, Ishmael] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gebreab, Samson] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Integrat Approaches Hlth Dispar, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Taylor, Herman] Jackson Heart Study, Analysis, Jackson, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 125 IS 19 MA P674 BP E889 EP E890 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 981YQ UT WOS:000307009201420 ER PT J AU Moore, LV Roux, AVD Franco, M AF Moore, Latetia V. Roux, Ana V. Diez Franco, Manuel TI Measuring Availability of Healthy Foods: Agreement Between Directly Measured and Self-reported Data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE food; reproducibility of results; residence characteristics; self report; validity (epidemiology) ID NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ENVIRONMENT; STORES; ASSOCIATIONS; INEQUALITIES; DISPARITIES; PERCEPTION; COMMUNITY; LOCATION AB A major challenge in studies of the impact of the local food environment is the accuracy of measures of healthy food access. The authors assessed agreement between self-reported and directly measured availability of healthful choices within neighborhood food stores and examined the validity of reported availability using directly measured availability as a "gold standard." Reported availability was measured via a phone survey of 1,170 adults in Baltimore, Maryland, in 2004. Directly measured availability was assessed in 226 food stores in 2006 using a modified Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S). Whites, college-educated individuals, and higher income households (>=$50,000) had significantly higher reported and directly measured availability than did blacks, those with less education, and lower income households. Persons in areas with above average directly measured availability reported above average availability 70%-80% of the time (sensitivity = 79.6% for all stores within 1 mile (1.6 km) of participants' homes and 69.6% for the store with the highest availability within 1 mile). Those with below average directly measured availability reported low availability only half the time. With revisions to improve specificity, self-reported measures can be reasonable indicators of healthy food availability and provide feasible proxy measures of directly assessed availability. C1 [Moore, Latetia V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Roux, Ana V. Diez] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Franco, Manuel] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. RP Moore, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lvmoore@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland [R01 HL071759]; Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland FX This work was supported by grant R01 HL071759 (to A. V. D. R.) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, and a 2005 Innovation Grant (to M. F.) from the Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 175 IS 10 BP 1037 EP 1044 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr445 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 944KC UT WOS:000304199000009 PM 22273535 ER PT J AU Desai, R Parashar, UD Lopman, B de Oliveira, LH Clark, AD Sanderson, CFB Tate, JE Matus, CR Andrus, JK Patel, MM AF Desai, Rishi Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Benjamin de Oliveira, Lucia Helena Clark, Andrew D. Sanderson, Colin F. B. Tate, Jacqueline E. Matus, Cuahtemoc Ruiz Andrus, Jon K. Patel, Manish M. TI Potential Intussusception Risk Versus Health Benefits From Rotavirus Vaccination in Latin America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HOSPITAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE; AGED LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; THAN 5 YEARS; DISEASE BURDEN; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; DISCHARGE DATA; HONG-KONG; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS AB Background. With the recent postlicensure identification of an increased risk of intussusception with rotavirus vaccine, the 14 Latin American countries currently using rotavirus vaccine must now weigh the health benefits versus risks to assess whether to continue vaccination. To inform policy considerations, we estimated excess intussusception cases and mortality potentially caused by rotavirus vaccine for each of the 14 countries and compared these estimates to hospitalizations and deaths expected to be averted through vaccination. Methods. We used regional rotavirus disease burden and rotavirus vaccine efficacy data, global natural intussusception and regional rotavirus vaccine-related risk estimates, and country-specific diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussus vaccination coverage rates to estimate rotavirus vaccine coverage rates. We performed a probabilistic sensitivity analysis to account for uncertainty in these parameters. Results. For an aggregate hypothetical birth cohort of 9.5 million infants in these 14 countries, rotavirus vaccine would annually prevent 144 746 (90% confidence interval [CI], 128 821-156 707) hospitalizations and 4124 deaths (90% CI, 3740-4239) due to rotavirus in their first 5 years of life but could cause an additional 172 hospitalizations (90% CI, 126-293) and 10 deaths (90% CI, 6-17) due to intussusception, yielding benefit-risk ratios for hospitalization and death of 841:1 (90% CI, 479:1 to 1142:1) and 395:1 (90% CI, 207:1 to 526:1), respectively. In an uncertainty analysis using 10 000 simulations of our probabilistic parameters, in comparing rotavirus disease averted to intussusception events caused, the hospitalization ratio was never below 100:1, and our death ratio fell below 100:1 only once. Conclusions. The health benefits of vaccination far outweigh the short-term risks and support continued rotavirus vaccination in Latin America. C1 [Desai, Rishi; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Benjamin; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Patel, Manish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Oliveira, Lucia Helena; Matus, Cuahtemoc Ruiz; Andrus, Jon K.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Clark, Andrew D.; Sanderson, Colin F. B.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov OI Sanderson, Colin/0000-0002-4838-6112 NR 72 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1397 EP 1405 DI 10.1093/cid/cis191 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942MW UT WOS:000304049300009 PM 22431803 ER PT J AU Zhou, H Thompson, WW Viboud, CG Ringholz, CM Cheng, PY Steiner, C Abedi, GR Anderson, LJ Brammer, L Shay, DK AF Zhou, Hong Thompson, William W. Viboud, Cecile G. Ringholz, Corinne M. Cheng, Po-Yung Steiner, Claudia Abedi, Glen R. Anderson, Larry J. Brammer, Lynnette Shay, David K. TI Hospitalizations Associated With Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the United States, 1993-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; POPULATION; EPIDEMICS; MORTALITY; BURDEN; IMPACT; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; INFANTS; DISEASE AB Background. Age-specific comparisons of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization rates can inform prevention efforts, including vaccine development plans. Previous US studies have not estimated jointly the burden of these viruses using similar data sources and over many seasons. Methods. We estimated influenza and RSV hospitalizations in 5 age categories (<1, 1-4, 5-49, 50-64, and >= 65 years) with data for 13 states from 1993-1994 through 2007-2008. For each state and age group, we estimated the contribution of influenza and RSV to hospitalizations for respiratory and circulatory disease by using negative binomial regression models that incorporated weekly influenza and RSV surveillance data as covariates. Results. Mean rates of influenza and RSV hospitalizations were 63.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.5-237) and 55.3 (95% CI, 44.4-107) per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The highest hospitalization rates for influenza were among persons aged >= 65 years (309/100 000; 95% CI, 186-1100) and those aged,1 year (151/100 000; 95% CI, 151-660). For RSV, children aged,1 year had the highest hospitalization rate (2350/100 000; 95% CI, 2220-2520) followed by those aged 1-4 years (178/100 000; 95% CI, 155-230). Age-standardized annual rates per 100 000 person-years varied substantially for influenza (33-100) but less for RSV (42-77). Conclusions. Overall US hospitalization rates for influenza and RSV are similar; however, their age-specific burdens differ dramatically. Our estimates are consistent with those from previous studies focusing either on influenza or RSV. Our approach provides robust national comparisons of hospitalizations associated with these 2 viral respiratory pathogens by age group and over time. C1 [Zhou, Hong; Cheng, Po-Yung; Brammer, Lynnette; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Abedi, Glen R.; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thompson, William W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Viboud, Cecile G.; Ringholz, Corinne M.] Natl Inst Hlth, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Steiner, Claudia] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. [Ringholz, Corinne M.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA. RP Shay, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dshay@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Medimmune; Novartis Vaccines; Trellis Bioscience FX This work was supported by internal funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.; Dr. Anderson has received consulting fees from Medimmune and Novartis Vaccines, grants from Trellis Bioscience, and travel expenses from Medimmune. All other authors have no conflicts to report. NR 31 TC 167 Z9 169 U1 2 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1427 EP 1436 DI 10.1093/cid/cis211 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942MW UT WOS:000304049300013 PM 22495079 ER PT J AU Lok, ASF Ward, JW Perrillo, RP McMahon, BJ Liang, TJ AF Lok, Anna S. F. Ward, John W. Perrillo, Robert P. McMahon, Brian J. Liang, T. Jake TI Reactivation of Hepatitis B During Immunosuppressive Therapy: Potentially Fatal Yet Preventable SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIRUS INFECTION; CYTOTOXIC CHEMOTHERAPY; LAMIVUDINE; RECOMMENDATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; RITUXIMAB; DISEASES C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Baylor Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Programs, Anchorage, AK USA. Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Lok, ASF (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 3110G Taubman Ctr,SPC 5368,1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM aslok@umich.edu OI Yang, Shuman/0000-0002-9638-0890 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA DK054500-16] NR 20 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 156 IS 10 BP 743 EP 745 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-156-10-201205150-00013 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 944IQ UT WOS:000304193400020 PM 22586011 ER PT J AU Dharmadhikari, AS Mphahlele, M Stoltz, A Venter, K Mathebula, R Masotla, T Lubbe, W Pagano, M First, M Jensen, PA van der Walt, M Nardell, EA AF Dharmadhikari, Ashwin S. Mphahlele, Matsie Stoltz, Anton Venter, Kobus Mathebula, Rirhandzu Masotla, Thabiso Lubbe, Willem Pagano, Marcell First, Melvin Jensen, Paul A. van der Walt, Martie Nardell, Edward A. TI Surgical Face Masks Worn by Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Impact on Infectivity of Air on a Hospital Ward SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE infection control; multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; transmission; surgical mask ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; DROPLET NUCLEI; TRANSMISSION; EMERGENCY; PERU; LIMA AB Rationale: Drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission in hospitals threatens staff and patient health. Surgical face masks used by patients with tuberculosis (TB) are believed to reduce transmission but have not been rigorously tested. Objectives: We sought to quantify the efficacy of surgical face masks when worn by patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Methods: Over 3 months, 17 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB occupied an MDR-TB ward in South Africa and wore face masks on alternate days. Ward air was exhausted to two identical chambers, each housing 90 pathogen-free guinea pigs that breathed ward air either when patients wore surgical face masks (intervention group) or when patients did not wear masks (control group). Efficacy was based on differences in guinea pig infections in each chamber. Measurements and Main Results: Sixty-nine of 90 control guinea pigs (76.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68-85%) became infected, compared with 36 of 90 intervention guinea pigs (40%; 95% CI, 31-51%), representing a 56% (95% CI, 33-70.5%) decreased risk of TB transmission when patients used masks. Conclusions: Surgical face masks on patients with MDR-TB significantly reduced transmission and offer an adjunct measure for reducing TB transmission from infectious patients. C1 [Dharmadhikari, Ashwin S.; Nardell, Edward A.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med,Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mphahlele, Matsie; Venter, Kobus; Mathebula, Rirhandzu; Masotla, Thabiso; Lubbe, Willem; van der Walt, Martie] S African Med Council, TB Epidemiol & Intervent Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Stoltz, Anton] Univ Pretoria, Div Infect Dis, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Pagano, Marcell] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [First, Melvin] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Jensen, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dharmadhikari, AS (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med,Div Global Hlth Equ, 641 Huntington Ave,Room 3A03, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM adharmadhikari@partners.org FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 40 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 185 IS 10 BP 1104 EP 1109 DI 10.1164/rccm.201107-1190OC PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 936WJ UT WOS:000303620400015 PM 22323300 ER PT J AU Bennett, DE Jordan, MR Bertagnolio, S Hong, SY Ravasi, G McMahon, JH Saadani, A Kelley, KF AF Bennett, Diane E. Jordan, Michael R. Bertagnolio, Silvia Hong, Steven Y. Ravasi, Giovanni McMahon, James H. Saadani, Ahmed Kelley, Karen F. TI HIV Drug Resistance Early Warning Indicators in Cohorts of Individuals Starting Antiretroviral Therapy Between 2004 and 2009: World Health Organization Global Report From 50 Countries SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; CD4 CELL COUNTS; INFECTED ADULTS; TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; CUBIC MILLIMETER; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; ADHERENCE AB The World Health Organization developed a set of human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (HIVDR) early warning indicators (EWIs) to assess antiretroviral therapy clinic and program factors associated with HIVDR. EWIs are monitored by abstracting data routinely recorded in clinical records, and the results enable clinics and program managers to identify problems that should be addressed to minimize preventable emergence of HIVDR in clinic populations. As of June 2011, 50 countries monitored EWIs, covering 131 686 patients initiating antiretroviral treatment between 2004 and 2009 at 2107 clinics. HIVDR prevention is associated with patient care (appropriate prescribing and patient monitoring), patient behavior (adherence), and clinic/program management efforts to reduce treatment interruptions (follow up, retention on first-line ART, procurement and supply management of antiretroviral drugs). EWIs measure these factors and the results have been used to optimize patient and population treatment outcomes. C1 [Jordan, Michael R.; Bertagnolio, Silvia; Saadani, Ahmed; Kelley, Karen F.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Jordan, Michael R.; Hong, Steven Y.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ravasi, Giovanni] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [McMahon, James H.] Alfred Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Bennett, Diane E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bennett, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dib1@cdc.gov FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38180]; Public Health Agency of Canada [6962-15-2008/8360001]; Spanish government [AF/NAM/BBA/701/XU/08]; Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; National Institutes of Health [K23 AI074423-05, L30 AI080268-02]; Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research [P30AI4853] FX EWI monitoring in countries was supported by grants from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (38180), the Public Health Agency of Canada (6962-15-2008/8360001), the Spanish government (AF/NAM/BBA/701/XU/08), the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the National Institutes of Health (K23 AI074423-05 to M. R. J. and L30 AI080268-02 to S. Y. H.), and the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research (P30AI4853 to J. H. M.). NR 48 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 4 BP S280 EP S289 DI 10.1093/cid/cis207 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 933EA UT WOS:000303341300007 PM 22544188 ER PT J AU Bertagnolio, S Rodriguez-Diaz, RA Fuentes-Romero, LL Bennett, DE Viveros-Rogel, M Hart, S Pilon, R Sandstrom, P Soto-Ramirez, LE AF Bertagnolio, Silvia Rodriguez-Diaz, Roberto A. Fuentes-Romero, Luis L. Bennett, Diane E. Viveros-Rogel, Monica Hart, Stephen Pilon, Richard Sandstrom, Paul Soto-Ramirez, Luis E. TI Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance Among Drug-Naive Subjects Recently Infected With HIV in Mexico City: A World Health Organization Survey to Classify Resistance and to Field Test Two Alternative Patient Enrollment Methods SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COUNTRIES; MUTATIONS AB In 2004, the World Health Organization performed a survey to assess transmitted drug resistance in Mexico City among drug-naive persons with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and likely to be recently infected who were attending 3 voluntary counseling and testing sites. A parallel study comparing 2 alternative methods of enrolling survey participant was conducted in 9 voluntary counseling and testing sites in central Mexico. In study arm 1, subject information, consent and blood specimens were obtained during the HIV diagnostic testing visit. In study arm 2, consent and blood specimens were obtained at the return visit, only from those who were HIV infected. This survey classified nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor and nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor transmitted drug resistance as < 5% and 5%-15%, respectively. Arm 2 yielded major advantages in cost and workload, with no evidence of increased sampling bias. C1 [Bertagnolio, Silvia] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Rodriguez-Diaz, Roberto A.; Fuentes-Romero, Luis L.; Viveros-Rogel, Monica; Soto-Ramirez, Luis E.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Infect Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Bennett, Diane E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hart, Stephen] Frontier Sci Fdn, New York, NY USA. [Pilon, Richard; Sandstrom, Paul] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl HIV & Retrovirol Lab, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Soto-Ramirez, LE (reprint author), Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Infect Dis, Head Mol Virol Unit, Colonia Secc 16, Vasco Quiroga 15, Tlalpan Mexico 14000, DF, Mexico. EM lesoto@hotmail.com OI Pilon, Richard/0000-0003-0100-6917 FU World Health Organization; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38180]; European Community [223131] FX This work was supported by the World Health Organization, with the financial contribution of The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Research leading to these results has received partial funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the project "Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug resistance Network (CHAIN)" (grant agreement No. 223131).; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The World Health Organization HIV Drug Resistance Prevention and Assessment Strategy: Global, Regional, and Country Progress," sponsored by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (38180). NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 4 BP S328 EP S333 DI 10.1093/cid/cir938 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 933EA UT WOS:000303341300017 PM 22544198 ER PT J AU Bertagnolio, S Penazzato, M Jordan, MR Persaud, D Mofenson, LM Bennett, DE AF Bertagnolio, Silvia Penazzato, Martina Jordan, Michael R. Persaud, Deborah Mofenson, Lynne M. Bennett, Diane E. CA Pediat HIV ResNet Working Grp TI World Health Organization Generic Protocol to Assess Drug-Resistant HIV Among Children < 18 Months of Age and Newly Diagnosed With HIV in Resource-Limited Countries SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; EARLY INFANT DIAGNOSIS; REDUCES NEVIRAPINE RESISTANCE; SINGLE-DOSE NEVIRAPINE; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; INFECTED INFANTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; IMMUNIZATION CLINICS; SUBTYPE-C AB Increased use of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in pregnant and breastfeeding women will result in fewer children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, among children infected despite prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), a substantial proportion will acquire NNRTI-resistant HIV, potentially compromising response to NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). In countries scaling up PMTCT and pediatric ART programs, it is crucial to assess the proportion of young children with drug-resistant HIV to improve health outcomes and support national and global decision making on optimal selection of pediatric first-line ART. This article summarizes a new World Health Organization surveillance protocol to assess resistance using remnant dried blood spot specimens from a representative sample of children aged < 18 months being tested for early infant diagnosis. C1 [Bertagnolio, Silvia; Jordan, Michael R.] World Hlth Org, HIV Dept, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Penazzato, Martina] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, I-35100 Padua, Italy. [Jordan, Michael R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Persaud, Deborah] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mofenson, Lynne M.] Natl Inst Hlth, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Bennett, Diane E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bertagnolio, S (reprint author), World Hlth Org, HIV Dept, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM bertagnolios@who.int OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38180]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [K23 AI074423-05]; European Community [223131] FX This work was supported by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant 38180) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH K23 AI074423-05 to M. R. J.). The research leading to these results has received part funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the project Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network"-grant agreement no 223131. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 4 BP S254 EP S260 DI 10.1093/cid/cis003 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 933EA UT WOS:000303341300003 PM 22544184 ER PT J AU Duc, NB Hien, BT Wagar, N Tran, HT Le Truong, G Yang, CF Wolfe, MI Nguyen, TH Nguyen, AT AF Duc, Nguyen Bui Hien, Bui Thu Wagar, Nick Tran Hong Tram Le Truong Giang Yang, Chunfu Wolfe, Mitchell I. Nguyen Tran Hien Nguyen Anh Tuan TI Surveillance of Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance Using Matched Plasma and Dried Blood Spot Specimens From Voluntary Counseling and Testing Sites in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2007-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MUTATIONS AB During 2007-2008, surveillance of transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance (TDR) was performed following World Health Organization guidance among clients with newly diagnosed HIV infection attending voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) sites in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. Moderate (5%-15%) TDR to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was observed among VCT clients aged 18-21 years. Follow-up surveillance of TDR in HCMC and other geographic regions of Vietnam is warranted. Data generated will guide the national HIV drug resistance surveillance strategy and support selection of current and future first-line antiretroviral therapy and HIV prevention programs. C1 [Duc, Nguyen Bui; Hien, Bui Thu; Wagar, Nick; Yang, Chunfu; Wolfe, Mitchell I.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tran Hong Tram; Nguyen Tran Hien; Nguyen Anh Tuan] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Le Truong Giang] Ho Chi Minh City AIDS Comm, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Wolfe, Mitchell I.] Thailand MOPH US CDC Collaborat, GAP Asia Reg Program, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Duc, NB (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vif8@cdc.gov RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 FU Emory AIDS International Training and Research Program [NIH/FIC D43 TW01042]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38180]; US President's Emergency Program for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) FX This work was supported by the US President's Emergency Program for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through a cooperative agreement between the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute for Hygiene and Epidemiology (Hanoi, Vietnam). Dr Nguyen Bui Duc received training support from the Emory AIDS International Training and Research Program (NIH/FIC D43 TW01042).; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The World Health Organization HIV Drug Resistance Prevention and Assessment Strategy: Global, Regional, and Country Progress," sponsored by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (38180). NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 4 BP S343 EP S347 DI 10.1093/cid/cir1049 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 933EA UT WOS:000303341300020 PM 22544201 ER PT J AU Dzangare, J Gonese, E Mugurungi, O Shamu, T Apollo, T Bennett, DE Kelley, KF Jordan, MR Chakanyuka, C Cham, F Banda, RM AF Dzangare, J. Gonese, E. Mugurungi, O. Shamu, T. Apollo, T. Bennett, D. E. Kelley, K. F. Jordan, M. R. Chakanyuka, C. Cham, F. Banda, R. M. TI Monitoring of Early Warning Indicators for HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics in Zimbabwe SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Monitoring human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance (HIVDR) early warning indicators (EWIs) can help national antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs to identify clinic factors associated with HIVDR emergence and provide evidence to support national program and clinic-level adjustments, if necessary. World Health Organization-recommended HIVDR EWIs were monitored in Zimbabwe using routinely available data at selected ART clinics between 2007 and 2009. As Zimbabwe's national ART coverage increases, improved ART information systems are required to strengthen routine national ART monitoring and evaluation and facilitate scale-up of HIVDR EWI monitoring. Attention should be paid to minimizing loss to follow-up, supporting adherence, and ensuring clinic-level drug supply continuity. C1 [Dzangare, J.; Mugurungi, O.; Shamu, T.; Apollo, T.] Minist Hlth & Child Welf, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Chakanyuka, C.; Banda, R. M.] World Hlth Org, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Gonese, E.; Bennett, D. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelley, K. F.; Jordan, M. R.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Jordan, M. R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cham, F.] QUALABS Consulting Inc, Hartford, CT USA. RP Banda, RM (reprint author), 123 Zomba St,Area 10,POB 3362, Lilongwe, Malawi. EM richabanda@yahoo.co.uk FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through WHO [52227-GLOBAL]; National Institutes of Health [K23 AI074423-05]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38180] FX This work was supported by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation grant through the WHO (award 52227-GLOBAL); and the National Institutes of Health (K23 AI074423-05 to M. R. J.).; This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The World Health Organization HIV Drug Resistance Prevention and Assessment Strategy: Global, Regional, and Country Progress," sponsored by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (38180). NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2012 VL 54 SU 4 BP S313 EP S316 DI 10.1093/cid/cir1014 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 933EA UT WOS:000303341300013 PM 22544194 ER EF