FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Perry, GS Patil, SP Presley-Cantrell, LR AF Perry, Geraldine S. Patil, Susheel P. Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R. TI Raising Awareness of Sleep as a Healthy Behavior SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DURATION; CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; STATES C1 [Perry, Geraldine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Patil, Susheel P.] Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Presley-Cantrell, Letitia R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Perry, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gperry@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 130081 DI 10.5888/pcd10.130081 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 285KJ UT WOS:000329392600007 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Parashar, UD AF Payne, Daniel C. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Rapid Advances in Understanding Viral Gastroenteritis from Domestic Surveillance SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Payne, Daniel C.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1189 EP 1189 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130449 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700001 PM 23876284 ER PT J AU De Cock, KM Simone, PM Davison, V Slutsker, L AF De Cock, Kevin M. Simone, Patricia M. Davison, Veronica Slutsker, Laurence TI The New Global Health SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE; MORTALITY; PROGRESS AB Global, health reflects the realities of globalization, including worldwide dissemination of infectious and noninfectious public health risks. Global health architecture is complex and better coordination is needed between multiple organizations. Three overlapping themes determine global health action and prioritization: development, security, and public health. These themes play out against a background of demographic change, socioeconomic development, and urbanization. Infectious diseases remain critical factors, but are no longer the major cause of global illness and death. Traditional indicators of public health, such as maternal and infant mortality rates no longer describe the health status of whole societies; this change highlights the need for investment in vital registration and disease-specific reporting. Noncommunicable diseases, injuries, and mental health will require greater attention from the world in the future. The new global health requires broader engagement by health organizations and all countries for the objectives of health equity, access, and coverage as priorities beyond the Millennium Development Goals are set. C1 [De Cock, Kevin M.; Simone, Patricia M.; Davison, Veronica; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP De Cock, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Unit 8900, Box 360, Nairobi 09831360, Dpo Ae, Kenya. EM kmd2@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 23 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1192 EP 1197 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130121 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700003 PM 23876365 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ Lopman, BA Payne, DC Patel, MM Gastanaduy, PA Vinje, J Parashar, UD AF Hall, Aron J. Lopman, Ben A. Payne, Daniel C. Patel, Manish M. Gastanaduy, Paul A. Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh D. TI Norovirus Disease in the United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; FOODBORNE ILLNESS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENS; GENOGROUP; COMMUNITY; BURDEN; IMPACT AB Although recognized as the leading cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis across all age groups, norovirus has remained poorly characterized with respect to its endemic disease incidence. Use of different methods, including attributable proportion extrapolation, population-based surveillance, and indirect modeling, in several recent studies has considerably improved norovirus disease incidence estimates for the United States. Norovirus causes an average of 570-800 deaths, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations, 400,000 emergency department visits, 1.7-1.9 million outpatient visits, and 19-21 million total illnesses per year. Persons >= 65 years of age are at greatest risk for norovirus-associated death, and children <5 years of age have the highest rates of norovirus-associated medical care visits.. Endemic norovirus disease occurs year round but exhibits a pronounced winter peak and increases by <= 50% during years in which pandemic strains emerge. These findings support continued development and targeting of appropriate interventions, including vaccines, for norovirus disease. C1 [Hall, Aron J.; Lopman, Ben A.; Payne, Daniel C.; Patel, Manish M.; Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ajhall@cdc.gov OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 NR 21 TC 173 Z9 184 U1 6 U2 34 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1198 EP 1205 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130465 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700004 PM 23876403 ER PT J AU Rha, B Burrer, S Park, S Trivedi, T Parashar, UD Lopman, BA AF Rha, Brian Burrer, Sherry Park, Soyoun Trivedi, Tarak Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Benjamin A. TI Emergency Department Visit Data for Rapid Detection and Monitoring of Norovirus Activity, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAKS; ENGLAND; DISEASE; DEATHS; BURDEN; ADULTS; WALES AB Noroviruses are the leading cause of gastroenteritis in the United States, but timely measures of disease are lacking. BioSense, a national-level electronic surveillance system, assigns data on chief complaints (patient symptoms) collected during emergency department (ED) visits to 78 subsyndromes in near real-time. In a series of linear regression models, BioSense visits mapped by chief complaints of diarrhea and nausea/vomiting subsyndromes as a monthly proportion of all visits correlated strongly with reported norovirus outbreaks from 6 states during 2007-2010. Higher correlations were seen for diarrhea (R = 0.828-0.926) than for nausea/vomiting (R = 0.729-0.866) across multiple age groups. Diarrhea ED visit proportions exhibited winter seasonality attributable to norovirus; rotavirus contributed substantially for children <5 years of age. Diarrhea ED visit data estimated the onset, peak, and end of norovirus season within 4 weeks of observed dates and could be reliable, timely indicators of norovirus activity. C1 [Rha, Brian; Burrer, Sherry; Park, Soyoun; Trivedi, Tarak; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Benjamin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Park, Soyoun] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rha, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wif8@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1214 EP 1221 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130483 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700006 PM 23876432 ER PT J AU Leshem, E Wikswo, M Barclay, L Brandt, E Storm, W Salehi, E DeSalvo, T Davis, T Saupe, A Dobbins, G Booth, HA Biggs, C Garman, K Woron, AM Parashar, UD Vinje, J Hall, AJ AF Leshem, Eyal Wikswo, Mary Barclay, Leslie Brandt, Eric Storm, William Salehi, Ellen DeSalvo, Traci Davis, Tim Saupe, Amy Dobbins, Ginette Booth, Hillary A. Biggs, Christianne Garman, Katie Woron, Amy M. Parashar, Umesh D. Vinje, Jan Hall, Aron J. TI Effects and Clinical Significance of GII.4 Sydney Norovirus, United States, 2012-2013 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAKS; GASTROENTERITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOGROUP AB During 2012, global detection of a new norovirus (NoV) strain, GII.4 Sydney, raised concerns about its potential effect in the United States. We analyzed data from NoV outbreaks in 5 states and emergency department visits for gastrointestinal illness in 1 state during the 2012-13 season and compared the data with those of previous seasons. During August 2012 April 2013, a total of 637 NoV outbreaks were reported compared with 536 and 432 in 2011-2012 and 2010-2011 during the same period. The proportion of outbreaks attributed to GII.4 Sydney increased from 8% in September 2012 to 82% in March 2013. The increase in emergency department visits for gastrointestinal illness during the 2012-13 season was similar to that of previous seasons. GII.4 Sydney has become the predominant US NoV outbreak strain during the 2012-13 season, but its emergence did not cause outbreak activity to substantially increase from that of previous seasons. C1 [Leshem, Eyal; Wikswo, Mary; Barclay, Leslie; Parashar, Umesh D.; Vinje, Jan; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brandt, Eric; Storm, William; Salehi, Ellen] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [DeSalvo, Traci] Wisconsin Dept Hlth Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Davis, Tim] Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI USA. [Saupe, Amy; Dobbins, Ginette] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Booth, Hillary A.; Biggs, Christianne] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Garman, Katie; Woron, Amy M.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. RP Leshem, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eleshem@cdc.gov OI Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68003-30395] FX This study was supported in part by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68003-30395 from the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 24 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1231 EP 1238 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130458 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700008 PM 23886013 ER PT J AU Jackson, BR Griffin, PM Cole, D Walsh, KA Chai, SJ AF Jackson, Brendan R. Griffin, Patricia M. Cole, Dana Walsh, Kelly A. Chai, Shua J. TI Outbreak-associated Salmonella enterica Serotypes and Food Commodities, United States, 1998-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; FOODBORNE OUTBREAKS; ENTERITIDIS INFECTIONS; HEIDELBERG INFECTIONS; NEWPORT INFECTIONS; RISK-FACTOR; CONSUMPTION; SITES; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Salmonella enterica infections are transmitted not only by animal-derived foods but also by vegetables, fruits, and other plant products. To clarify links between Salmonella serotypes and specific foods, we examined the diversity and predominance of food commodities implicated in outbreaks of salnnonellosis during 1998-2008. More than 80% of outbreaks caused by serotypes Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Hadar were attributed to eggs or poultry, whereas >50% of outbreaks caused by serotypes Javiana, Litchfield, Mbandaka, Muenchen, Poona, and Senftenberg were attributed to plant commodities. Serotypes Typhimurium and Newport were associated with a wide variety of food commodities. Knowledge about these associations can help guide outbreak investigations and control measures. C1 [Jackson, Brendan R.; Griffin, Patricia M.; Cole, Dana; Walsh, Kelly A.; Chai, Shua J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jackson, BR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM brjackson1@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 3 U2 42 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1239 EP 1244 DI 10.3201/eid1908.121511 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700009 PM 23876503 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Tam, KI Lyde, FC Payne, DC Szilagyi, P Edwards, K Staat, MA Weinberg, GA Hall, CB Chappell, J McNeal, M Gentsch, JR Bowen, MD Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Tam, Ka Ian Lyde, Freda C. Payne, Daniel C. Szilagyi, Peter Edwards, Kathryn Staat, Mary Allen Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Hall, Caroline B. Chappell, James McNeal, Monica Gentsch, Jon R. Bowen, Michael D. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Comparison of 2 Assays for Diagnosing Rotavirus and Evaluating Vaccine Effectiveness in children with Gastroenteritis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TIME RT-PCR; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; SAFETY; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; EFFICACY; DISEASE; SAMPLES; SPAIN AB We compared rotavirus detection rates in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and in healthy controls using enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and semiquantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). We calculated rotavirus vaccine effectiveness using different laboratory-based case definitions to determine which best identified the proportion of disease that was vaccine preventable. Of 648 AGE patients, 158 (24%) were EIA positive, and 157 were also qRT-PCR positive. An additional 65 (10%) were qRT-PCR positive but EIA negative. Of 500 healthy controls, 1 was EIA positive and 24 (5%) were qRT-PCR positive. Rotavirus vaccine was highly effective (84% [95% Cl 71%-91%]) in EIA-positive children but offered no significant protection (14% [95% Cl -105% to 64%]) in EIA-negative children for whom virus was detected by qRT-PCR alone. Children with rotavirus detected by qRT-PCR but not by EIA were not protected by vaccination, suggesting that rotavirus detected by qRT-PCR alone might not be causally associated with AGE in all patients. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Tam, Ka Ian; Lyde, Freda C.; Payne, Daniel C.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Bowen, Michael D.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Szilagyi, Peter; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Edwards, Kathryn; Chappell, James] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Staat, Mary Allen; McNeal, Monica] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rad NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This study was supported by a cooperative agreement from CDC. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1245 EP 1252 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130461 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700010 PM 23876518 ER PT J AU Simmons, K Gambhir, M Leon, J Lopman, B AF Simmons, Kirsten Gambhir, Manoj Leon, Juan Lopman, Ben TI Duration of Immunity to Norovirus Gastroenteritis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION; CHALLENGE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; VOLUNTEERS; SEROPREVALENCE; RESISTANCE AB The duration of immunity to norovirus (NoV) gastroenteritis has been believed to be from 6 months to 2 years. However, several observations are inconsistent with this short period. To gain better estimates of the duration of immunity to NoV, we developed a mathematical model of community NoV transmission. The model was parameterized from the literature and also fit to age-specific incidence data from England and Wales by using maximum likelihood. We developed several scenarios to determine the effect of unknowns regarding transmission and immunity on estimates of the duration of immunity. In the various models, duration of immunity to NoV gastroenteritis was estimated at 4.1 (95% Cl 3.2-5.1) to 8.7 (95% Cl 6.8-11.3) years. Moreover, we calculated that children (<5 years) are much more infectious than older children and adults. If a vaccine can achieve protection for duration of natural immunity indicated by our results, its potential health and economic benefits could be substantial. C1 [Simmons, Kirsten; Leon, Juan; Lopman, Ben] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Simmons, Kirsten; Lopman, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov RI Leon, Juan/E-9674-2012 FU Rollins Practical Experience Program; CDC Foundation; National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [1KI087724]; Emory University Global Health Institute FX Funding for this project was provided by the Rollins Practical Experience Program and the CDC Foundation. In addition, this work was supported by grant 1KI087724 from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and a grant from Emory University Global Health Institute (to J.S.L.). NR 40 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 18 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1260 EP 1267 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130472 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700012 PM 23876612 ER PT J AU Vugia, DJ Tabnak, F Newton, AE Hernandez, M Griffin, PM AF Vugia, Duc J. Tabnak, Farzaneh Newton, Anna E. Hernandez, Michael Griffin, Patricia M. TI Impact of 2003 State Regulation on Raw Oyster-associated Vibrio vulnificus Illnesses and Deaths, California, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTIONS; PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AB US vibriosis rates have increased since 1996, and many Vibrio vulnificus infections are fatal. In April 2003, California implemented a regulation restricting the sale of raw oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico during April 1 October 31, unless they were processed to reduce V. vulnificus to nondetectable levels. We analyzed California cases of V. vulnificus infection before and after the regulation's implementation and compared case data with data from other states. The annual number of reported V. vulnificus infections and deaths in California with patient's sole exposure to raw oysters dropped from 0 to 6 cases and 0 to 5 deaths per year during 1991-2002, before implementation, to 0 during 2003-2010, after implementation (p = 0.0005 for both). In other states, median annual numbers of similar cases and deaths increased slightly after 2002. The data strongly suggest that the 2003 regulation led to a significant reduction in reported raw oyster associated V. vulnificus illnesses and deaths. C1 [Vugia, Duc J.; Tabnak, Farzaneh; Hernandez, Michael] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Vugia, Duc J.; Tabnak, Farzaneh; Hernandez, Michael] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Newton, Anna E.; Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vugia, DJ (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Infect Dis Branch, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM duc.vugia@cdph.ca.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1276 EP 1280 DI 10.3201/eid1908.121861 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700014 PM 23876744 ER PT J AU Xu, CL Havers, F Wang, LJ Chen, T Shi, JH Wang, DY Yang, J Yang, L Widdowson, MA Shu, YL AF Xu, Cuiling Havers, Fiona Wang, Lijie Chen, Tao Shi, Jinghong Wang, Dayan Yang, Jing Yang, Lei Widdowson, Marc-Alain Shu, Yuelong TI Monitoring Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus through National Influenza-like Illness Surveillance, China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS; H5N1 AB In China during March 4-April 28, 2013, avian influenza A(H7N9) virus testing was performed on 20,739 specimens from patients with influenza-like illness in 10 provinces with confirmed human cases: 6 (0.03%) were positive, and increased numbers of unsubtypeable influenza-positive specimens were not seen. Careful monitoring and rapid characterization of influenza A(H7N9) and other influenza viruses remain critical. C1 [Xu, Cuiling; Wang, Lijie; Chen, Tao; Shi, Jinghong; Wang, Dayan; Yang, Jing; Yang, Lei; Shu, Yuelong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Havers, Fiona; Widdowson, Marc-Alain] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shu, YL (reprint author), China CDC, Chinese Natl Influenza Ctr, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM yshu@cnic.org.cn OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Chinese central government FX The Chinese National Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network was supported by the Chinese central government. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1289 EP 1292 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130662 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700017 PM 23879887 ER PT J AU Saupe, AA Kaehler, D Cebelinski, EA Nefzger, B Hall, AJ Smith, KE AF Saupe, Amy A. Kaehler, Dawn Cebelinski, Elizabeth A. Nefzger, Brian Hall, Aron J. Smith, Kirk E. TI Norovirus Surveillance among Callers to Foodborne Illness Complaint Hotline, Minnesota, USA, 2011-2013 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAKS; GASTROENTERITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOGROUP AB Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne disease in the United States. During October 2011 January 2013, we conducted surveillance for norovirus infection in Minnesota among callers to a complaint-based foodborne illness hotline who reported diarrhea or vomiting. Of 241 complainants tested, 127 (52.7%) were positive for norovirus. C1 [Saupe, Amy A.; Kaehler, Dawn; Cebelinski, Elizabeth A.; Nefzger, Brian; Smith, Kirk E.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saupe, AA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 Robert St N,POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM amy.saupe@state.mn.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program [5U50CK000204]; Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) [5U50CK000204]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68003-30395] FX This work was supported in part through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program, Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) (5U50CK000204), and Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68003-30395 from the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1293 EP 1296 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130462 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700018 PM 23876924 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ Wikswo, ME Manikonda, K Roberts, VA Yoder, JS Gould, LH AF Hall, Aron J. Wikswo, Mary E. Manikonda, Karunya Roberts, Virginia A. Yoder, Jonathan S. Gould, L. Hannah TI Acute Gastroenteritis Surveillance through the National Outbreak Reporting System, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WATERBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS AB Implemented in 2009, the National Outbreak Reporting System provides surveillance for acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in the United States resulting from any transmission mode. Data from the first 2 years of surveillance highlight the predominant role of, norovirus. the pathogen-specific transmission pathways and exposure settings identified can help, inform prevention efforts. C1 [Hall, Aron J.; Wikswo, Mary E.; Manikonda, Karunya; Roberts, Virginia A.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ajhall@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 14 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1305 EP 1309 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130482 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700021 PM 23876187 ER PT J AU Leshem, E Barclay, L Wikswo, M Vega, E Gregoricus, N Parashar, UD Vinje, J Hall, AJ AF Leshem, Eyal Barclay, Leslie Wikswo, Mary Vega, Everardo Gregoricus, Nicole Parashar, Umesh D. Vinje, Jan Hall, Aron J. TI Genotype GI.6 Norovirus, United States, 2010-2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB We report an increase in the proportion of genotype GI.6 norovirus outbreaks in the United States from 1.4% in 2010 to 7.7% in 2012 (p<0.001). Compared with non-GI.6 outbreaks, GI.6 outbreaks were characterized by summer seasonality, foodborne transmission, and non-health care settings. C1 [Leshem, Eyal; Barclay, Leslie; Wikswo, Mary; Vega, Everardo; Gregoricus, Nicole; Parashar, Umesh D.; Vinje, Jan; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Leshem, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eleshem@cdc.gov OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675; Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1317 EP 1320 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130445 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700024 PM 23876252 ER PT J AU Weinberg, GA Teel, EN Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Payne, DC Roy, S Foytich, K Parashar, UD Gentsch, JR Bowen, MD AF Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Teel, Elizabeth N. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Payne, Daniel C. Roy, Sunando Foytich, Kimberly Parashar, Umesh D. Gentsch, Jon R. Bowen, Michael D. TI Detection of Novel Rotavirus Strain by Vaccine Postlicensure Surveillance SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; RECOMMENDATIONS; CLASSIFICATION AB Surveillance for rotavirus-associated diarrhea after implementation of rotavirus vaccination can assess vaccine effectiveness and identify disease-associated genotypes. During active vaccine postlicensure surveillance in the United States, we found a novel rotavirus genotype, G14P[24], in a stool sample from a child who had diarrhea. Unusual rotavirus strains may become more prevalent after vaccine implementation. C1 [Weinberg, Geoffrey A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Teel, Elizabeth N.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Payne, Daniel C.; Roy, Sunando; Foytich, Kimberly; Parashar, Umesh D.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Bowen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weinberg, GA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 690, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM geoff_weinberg@urmc.rochester.edu NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1321 EP 1323 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130470 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700025 PM 23876297 ER PT J AU Quaye, O McDonald, S Esona, MD Lyde, FC Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Roy, S Banegas, DJC Quinonez, YM Chinchilla, BL Santiago, FG Lozano, HG Rey-Benito, G de Oliveira, LH Gentsch, JR Bowen, MD AF Quaye, Osbourne McDonald, Sharla Esona, Mathew D. Lyde, Freda C. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Roy, Sunando Castro Banegas, Dina J. Mencos Quinonez, Yolanda Chinchilla, Blanca L. Gomez Santiago, Fabian Garcia Lozano, Herlinda Rey-Benito, Gloria de Oliveira, Lucia H. Gentsch, Jon R. Bowen, Michael D. TI Rotavirus G9P[4] in 3 Countries in Latin America, 2009-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID STRAIN; G9 C1 [Quaye, Osbourne; McDonald, Sharla; Esona, Mathew D.; Lyde, Freda C.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Roy, Sunando; Gentsch, Jon R.; Bowen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Castro Banegas, Dina J.] Nacl Colonia La Campana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Mencos Quinonez, Yolanda; Chinchilla, Blanca L.] Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Social, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Gomez Santiago, Fabian; Garcia Lozano, Herlinda] Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rey-Benito, Gloria; de Oliveira, Lucia H.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Bowen, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkb6@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1332 EP 1333 DI 10.3201/eid1908.130288 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700028 PM 23880646 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Ripped, Shucked, and Scattered SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1354 EP 1355 DI 10.3201/eid1908.AC1908 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268MA UT WOS:000328173700040 PM 23876765 ER PT J AU Jiang, BM Wang, YH Glass, RI AF Jiang, Baoming Wang, Yuhuan Glass, Roger I. TI Does a monovalent inactivated human rotavirus vaccine induce heterotypic immunity? Evidence from animal studies SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; IRV; CDC-9; heat inactivation; heterotypic protection ID INFANTS; INFECTION; MICE AB There is substantial evidence for broad cross-reactive immunity and heterotypic protection among human rotavirus strains in children with natural infection or with monovalent Rotarix vaccination. In this commentary, we addressed this same topic by testing sera of guinea pigs and gnotobiotic piglets that were intramuscularly immunized with an inactivated human rotavirus vaccine and also demonstrated a broad cross-protective immunity among human rotavirus strains. Our findings from a single human strain in animal studies bode well for a low cost and efficacious inactivated vaccine to protect children against rotavirus disease throughout the world. C1 [Jiang, Baoming; Wang, Yuhuan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Forgaty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 BP 1634 EP 1637 DI 10.4161/hv.24958 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 259SY UT WOS:000327547800006 PM 23744507 ER PT J AU Mohanty, S Perella, D Jumaan, A Robinson, D Forke, CM Schmid, DS Renwick, M Mankodi, F Watson, B Fiks, AG AF Mohanty, Salini Perella, Dana Jumaan, Aisha Robinson, Donovan Forke, Christine M. Schmid, D. Scott Renwick, Mia Mankodi, Foram Watson, Barbara Fiks, Alexander G. TI Validity of medical record documented varicella-zoster virus among unvaccinated cohorts SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE varicella; chickenpox; unvaccinated; medical record documentation; immunity ID UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; SEROSURVEY; RECRUITS; HISTORY; MEASLES AB Background: A varicella diagnosis or verification of disease history by any healthcare provider is currently accepted for determining evidence of immunity by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Objective: To examine the accuracy of medical record (MR) documented varicella history as a measure of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunity among unvaccinated individuals born after 1980. We also assessed methods to practically implement ACIP guidelines to verify varicella history using medical records. Study Design: As part of a larger cross-sectional study conducted at three Philadelphia clinics from 2004-2006, we recruited 536 unvaccinated patients aged 5-19 y (birth years: 1985-2001). Varicella history was obtained from three sources: parent/patient interview, any MR documentation (sick and well visits) and MR documentation of a sick visit for varicella. All participants were tested for VZV IgG. For each source and three age groups (5-9, 10-14, 15-19 y old), positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated. Specificity of varicella history was compared between different sources using McNemar's Chi-square. Results: Among participants aged 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 y the PPV for any MR documentation and sick visit diagnosis were 96% and 100%, 92% and 97%, and 99% and 100%, respectively. The specificity for sick visit documentation was higher than any MR documentation and patient/parent recall among all age groups; however, these differences were only statistically significant when comparing sick visit documentation to parent/patient recall for 10-14 y olds. Conclusion: Sick visit documentation of varicella in the MR is an accurate predictor of varicella seropositivity and useful for confirming disease history among unvaccinated persons (birth years: 1985-2001). This method is a practical way to verify varicella history using the ACIP guidelines. C1 [Mohanty, Salini; Perella, Dana; Robinson, Donovan; Renwick, Mia; Mankodi, Foram; Watson, Barbara] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Div Dis Control, Varicella Active Surveillance Project, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Jumaan, Aisha; Schmid, D. Scott] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Forke, Christine M.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia Collaborat Violence Prevent Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Forke, Christine M.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fiks, Alexander G.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Pediat Res Consortium, Ctr Pediat Clin Effectiveness, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fiks, Alexander G.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Policy Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fiks, Alexander G.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Mohanty, S (reprint author), Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Div Dis Control, Varicella Active Surveillance Project, Philadelphia, PA USA. EM salini.mohanty@phila.gov FU Merck and Co., Inc.; manufacturer of Varivax(R); Merck; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U01IP000019]; Craig-Dalsimer Fund; Mary D Ames Chair for Child Advocacy FX In July 2003, before the start of this study, the non-profit foundation of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health, the Fund for Philadelphia, received consulting fees from Merck and Co., Inc., manufacturer of Varivax (R), a live varicella vaccine, for a summary of active varicella surveillance data Ms Perella prepared. The Fund for Philadelphia also has received fees from Merck for Dr Watson's service on the company's speaker's bureau and varicella vaccine advisory board.; The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded this study through cooperative agreement 3U01IP000019 with the Philadelphia Department of Public Health for active varicella surveillance and epidemiological studies. The Craig-Dalsimer Fund and the Mary D Ames Chair for Child Advocacy funded the salary of Ms Forke. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 9 IS 8 BP 1735 EP 1738 DI 10.4161/hv.24849 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 259SY UT WOS:000327547800021 PM 23807363 ER PT J AU Casagrande, SS Fradkin, JE Saydah, SH Rust, KF Cowie, CC AF Casagrande, Sarah Stark Fradkin, Judith E. Saydah, Sharon H. Rust, Keith F. Cowie, Catherine C. TI The Prevalence of Meeting A1C, Blood Pressure, and LDL Goals Among People With Diabetes, 1988-2010 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; CHOLESTEROL; DISEASE; TRENDS; OVERWEIGHT; RACE AB OBJECTIVETo determine the prevalence of people with diabetes who meet hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C), blood pressure (BP), and LDL cholesterol (ABC) recommendations and their current statin use, factors associated with goal achievement, and changes in the proportion achieving goals between 1988 and 2010.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSData were cross-sectional from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 1988-1994, 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2007-2010. Participants were 4,926 adults aged 20 years who self-reported a previous diagnosis of diabetes and completed the household interview and physical examination (n = 1,558 for valid LDL levels). Main outcome measures were A1C, BP, and LDL cholesterol, in accordance with the American Diabetes Association recommendations, and current use of statins.RESULTSIn 2007-2010, 52.5% of people with diabetes achieved A1C <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol), 51.1% achieved BP <130/80 mmHg, 56.2% achieved LDL <100 mg/dL, and 18.8% achieved all three ABCs. These levels of control were significant improvements from 1988 to 1994 (all P < 0.05). Statin use significantly increased between 1988-1994 (4.2%) and 2007-2010 (51.4%, P < 0.01). Compared with non-Hispanic whites, Mexican Americans were less likely to meet A1C and LDL goals (P < 0.03), and non-Hispanic blacks were less likely to meet BP and LDL goals (P < 0.02). Compared with non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans were less likely to meet A1C goals (P < 0.01). Younger individuals were less likely to meet A1C and LDL goals.CONCLUSIONSDespite significant improvement during the past decade, achieving the ABC goals remains suboptimal among adults with diabetes, particularly in some minority groups. Substantial opportunity exists to further improve diabetes control and, thus, to reduce diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. C1 [Casagrande, Sarah Stark] Social & Sci Syst Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Fradkin, Judith E.; Cowie, Catherine C.] Natl Inst Diabet & Digest & Kidney Dis, Div Diabet Endocrinol & Metab Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. [Saydah, Sharon H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rust, Keith F.] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Casagrande, SS (reprint author), Social & Sci Syst Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM scasagrande@s-3.com FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [GS-10F-0381L] FX This work was financially supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (GS-10F-0381L). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 24 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2013 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2271 EP 2279 DI 10.2337/dc12-2258 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 255PP UT WOS:000327252600041 ER PT J AU Bullard, KM Saydah, SH Imperatore, G Cowie, CC Gregg, EW Geiss, LS Cheng, YLJ Rolka, DB Williams, DE Caspersen, CJ AF Bullard, Kai McKeever Saydah, Sharon H. Imperatore, Giuseppina Cowie, Catherine C. Gregg, Edward W. Geiss, Linda S. Cheng, Yiling J. Rolka, Deborah B. Williams, Desmond E. Caspersen, Carl J. TI Secular Changes in US Prediabetes Prevalence Defined by Hemoglobin A(1c) and Fasting Plasma Glucose National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2010 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAM; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; COMMUNITY; DIAGNOSIS; MELLITUS; REDUCTION; TOLERANCE; ADULTS; RISK AB OBJECTIVEUsing a nationally representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. population, we estimated prediabetes prevalence and its changes during 1999-2010.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSData were from 19,182 nonpregnant individuals aged 12 years who participated in the 1999-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. We defined prediabetes as hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) 5.7 to <6.5% (39 to <48 mmol/mol, A1C5.7) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 100 to <126 mg/dL (impaired fasting glucose [IFG]). We estimated the prevalence of prediabetes, A1C5.7, and IFG for 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2007-2010. We calculated estimates age-standardized to the 2000 U.S. census population and used logistic regression to compute estimates adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty-to-income ratio, and BMI. Participants with self-reported diabetes, A1C 6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or FPG 126 mg/dL were included.RESULTSAmong those aged 12 years, age-adjusted prediabetes prevalence increased from 27.4% (95% CI 25.1-29.7) in 1999-2002 to 34.1% (32.5-35.8) in 2007-2010. Among adults aged 18 years, the prevalence increased from 29.2% (26.8-31.8) to 36.2% (34.5-38.0). As single measures among individuals aged 12 years, A1C5.7 prevalence increased from 9.5% (8.4-10.8) to 17.8% (16.6-19.0), a relative increase of 87%, whereas IFG remained stable. These prevalence changes were similar among the total population, across subgroups, and after controlling for covariates.CONCLUSIONSDuring 1999-2010, U.S. prediabetes prevalence increased because of increases in A1C5.7. Continuous monitoring of prediabetes is needed to identify, quantify, and characterize the population of high-risk individuals targeted for ongoing diabetes primary prevention efforts. C1 [Bullard, Kai McKeever; Saydah, Sharon H.; Imperatore, Giuseppina; Gregg, Edward W.; Geiss, Linda S.; Cheng, Yiling J.; Rolka, Deborah B.; Williams, Desmond E.; Caspersen, Carl J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cowie, Catherine C.] Natl Inst Diabet & Digest & Kidney Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Bullard, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hjo1@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2013 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2286 EP 2293 DI 10.2337/dc12-2563 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 255PP UT WOS:000327252600043 PM 23603918 ER PT J AU Montoya, JG Perl, TM AF Montoya, Jose G. Perl, Trish M. TI Untitled SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material AB Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases was launched in 1988. It is part of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of infectious diseases is divided into 11 sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Section Editors for this issue. C1 [Montoya, Jose G.] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Immunocompromised Host Serv Infect Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Montoya, Jose G.] Palo Alto Med Fdn, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Montoya, JG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 EI 1473-6527 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 DI 10.1097/01.qco.0000432217.80303.d0 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 248VL UT WOS:000326733200014 ER PT J AU Georges, A Alterman, T Gabbard, S Grzywacz, JG Shen, R Nakamoto, J Carroll, DJ Muntaner, C AF Georges, A. Alterman, T. Gabbard, S. Grzywacz, J. G. Shen, R. Nakamoto, J. Carroll, D. J. Muntaner, C. TI Depression, Social Factors, and Farmworker Health Care Utilization SO JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE depression; health care utilization; immigrant; Latino farmworkers; mental health ID LATINO FARMWORKERS; SEASONAL FARMWORKERS; MIGRANT FARMWORKERS; CES-D; SERVICES; SYMPTOMS; COSTS; IMMIGRANTS; CALIFORNIA; SLEEPINESS AB PurposeFarmworkers frequently live in rural areas and experience high rates of depressive symptoms. This study examines the association between elevated depressive symptoms and health care utilization among Latino farmworkers. MethodsData were obtained from 2,905 Latino farmworkers interviewed for the National Agricultural Workers Survey. Elevated depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression short-form. A dichotomous health care utilization variable was constructed from self-reported use of health care services in the United States. A categorical measure of provider type was constructed for those reporting use of health care. ResultsOver 50% of farmworkers reported at least 1 health care visit in the United States during the past 2 years; most visits occurred in a private practice. The odds of reporting health care utilization in the United States were 45% higher among farmworkers with elevated depressive symptoms. Type of provider was not associated with depressive symptoms. Women were more likely to seek health care; education and family relationships were associated with health care utilization. ConclusionsLatino farmworkers who live and work in rural areas seek care from private practices or migrant/Community Health Clinics. Farmworkers with elevated depressive symptoms are more likely to access health care. Rural health care providers need to be prepared to recognize, screen, and treat mental health problems among Latino farmworkers. Outreach focused on protecting farmworker mental health may be useful in reducing health care utilization while improving farmworker quality of life. C1 [Georges, A.; Gabbard, S.; Nakamoto, J.] JBS Int Inc, Aguirre Div, Burlingame, CA 94010 USA. [Alterman, T.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Grzywacz, J. G.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Sci, Tulsa, OK USA. [Grzywacz, J. G.] Ctr Family Resilience, Tulsa, OK USA. [Shen, R.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Carroll, D. J.] US Dept Labor, Employment & Training Adm, Washington, DC 20210 USA. [Muntaner, C.] Univ Toronto, Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Georges, A (reprint author), JBS Int Inc, Aguirre Div, 555 Airport Blvd Suite 400, Burlingame, CA 94010 USA. EM ageorges@jbsinternational.com OI Grzywacz, Joseph/0000-0002-2308-7781; Alterman, Toni/0000-0003-1512-4367 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration FX Funding was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and by the US Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration. The paper was reviewed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, nor the US Department of Labor. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0890-765X EI 1748-0361 J9 J RURAL HEALTH JI J. Rural Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 29 SU 1 BP S7 EP S16 DI 10.1111/jrh.12008 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 244KV UT WOS:000326388100002 PM 23944282 ER PT J AU Wethington, H Pan, LP Sherry, B AF Wethington, Holly Pan, Liping Sherry, Bettylou TI The Association of Screen Time, Television in the Bedroom, and Obesity Among School-Aged Youth: 2007 National Survey of Children's Health SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE child and adolescent health; public health; physical fitness and sport; nutrition and diet ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MEDIA USE; SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR; REPORTED HEIGHT; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDHOOD; OVERWEIGHT; WEIGHT AB BACKGROUNDAmong school-aged youth, we sought to identify characteristics associated with (1) exceeding screen time recommendations (ie, television/videos/video games more than 2 hours/weekday), and (2) exceeding screen time recommendations, the presence of a television in the bedroom, and obesity. METHODSUsing 2007 National Survey of Children's Health data, we used multivariable logistic regression to identify sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics associated with excessive screen time among 6 to 11- and 12 to 17-year-olds on a typical weekday. For 12 to 17-year-olds only, we used logistic regression to examine the odds of obesity using the same variables as above, with the addition of screen time. RESULTSOverall, 20.8% of 6 to 11-year-olds and 26.1% of 12 to 17-year-olds had excessive screen time. For both age groups, having a bedroom TV was significantly associated with excessive screen time. For the older age group, the dual scenario of excessive screen time with a bedroom TV had the strongest association with obesity (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.9, 3.2). CONCLUSIONSGiven the similar risk factors for excess screen time and having a TV in the bedroom, a public health challenge exists to design interventions to reduce screen time among school-aged youth. C1 [Wethington, Holly; Pan, Liping; Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wethington, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE Mail Stop K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HWethington@cdc.gov; lmp6@cdc.gov; bls6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 83 IS 8 BP 573 EP 581 DI 10.1111/josh.12067 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 240NE UT WOS:000326102800007 PM 23834609 ER PT J AU Wanderer, JP Leffert, LR Mhyre, JM Kuklina, EV Callaghan, WM Bateman, BT AF Wanderer, Jonathan P. Leffert, Lisa R. Mhyre, Jill M. Kuklina, Elena V. Callaghan, William M. Bateman, Brian T. TI Epidemiology of Obstetric-Related ICU Admissions in Maryland: 1999-2008 SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE critical care; intensive care; maternal health; maternal health services; maternal mortality ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RISK-FACTORS; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES; STATES; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; DELIVERY; TRENDS; HOSPITALIZATIONS AB Objective: To define the prevalence, indications, and temporal trends in obstetric-related ICU admissions. Design: Descriptive analysis of utilization patterns. Setting: All hospitals within the state of Maryland. Patients: All antepartum, delivery, and postpartum patients who were hospitalized between 1999 and 2008. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: We identified 2,927 ICU admissions from 765,598 admissions for antepartum, delivery, or postpartum conditions using appropriate International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes. The overall rate of ICU utilization was 419.1 per 100,000 deliveries, with rates of 162.5, 202.6, and 54.0 per 100,000 deliveries for the antepartum, delivery, and postpartum periods, respectively. The leading diagnoses associated with ICU admission were pregnancy-related hypertensive disease (present in 29.9% of admissions), hemorrhage (18.8%), cardiomyopathy or other cardiac disease (18.3%), genitourinary infection (11.5%), complications from ectopic pregnancies and abortions (10.3%), nongenitourinary infection (10.1%), sepsis (7.1%), cerebrovascular disease (5.8%), and pulmonary embolism (3.7%). We assessed for changes in the most common diagnoses in the ICU population over time and found rising rates of sepsis (10.1 per 100,000 deliveries to 16.6 per 100,000 deliveries, p = 0.003) and trauma (9.2 per 100,000 deliveries to 13.6 per 100,000 deliveries, p = 0.026) with decreasing rates of anesthetic complications (11.3 per 100,000 to 4.7 per 100,000, p = 0.006). The overall frequency of obstetric-related ICU admission and the rates for other indications remained relatively stable. Conclusions: Between 1999 and 2008, 419.1 per 100,000 deliveries in Maryland were complicated by ICU admission. Hospitals providing obstetric services should plan for appropriate critical care management and/or transfer of women with severe morbidities during pregnancy. C1 [Wanderer, Jonathan P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Anesthesia, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Leffert, Lisa R.; Bateman, Brian T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia Crit Care & Pain Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Mhyre, Jill M.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Anesthesiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Washington, DC USA. [Callaghan, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Washington, DC USA. RP Wanderer, JP (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Anesthesia, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM jonathan.p.wanderer@vanderbilt.edu FU Massachusetts General Hospital; National Institute of Health [GM007592]; NY PGA 66th Assembly; NIH FX Supported, in part, by Massachusetts General Hospital departmental and National Institute of Health funds (BTB, grant GM007592).; Dr. Mhyre has received royalties from Chestnut Principles and Practices of Anesthesia, 5th Ed; payment for development of educational presentations from NY PGA 66th Assembly; travel/accommodations from ACOG Maternal Mortality Expert Panel, Joint Commission Panel on High Risk Pregnancy. Dr. Bateman received funding from the NIH. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. NR 32 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 EI 1530-0293 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 8 BP 1844 EP 1852 DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31828a3e24 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 235FH UT WOS:000325701500017 PM 23648568 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Zhou, H Vogt, RF AF De Jesus, Victor R. Zhou, Hui Vogt, Robert F. TI Dried Blood Spot Quality Control Materials for Newborn Screening to Detect Lysosomal Storage Disorders SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 [De Jesus, Victor R.; Zhou, Hui; Vogt, Robert F.] CDC, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP De Jesus, VR (reprint author), CDC, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vdejesus@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 EI 1530-8561 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1275 EP 1276 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2013.209940 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 231EW UT WOS:000325398100022 PM 23723313 ER PT J AU Lukoye, D Adatu, F Musisi, K Kasule, GW Were, W Odeke, R Kalamya, JN Awor, A Date, A Joloba, ML AF Lukoye, Deus Adatu, Francis Musisi, Kenneth Kasule, George William Were, Willy Odeke, Rosemary Kalamya, Julius Namonyo Awor, Ann Date, Anand Joloba, Moses L. TI Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance among New and Previously Treated Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda: Results of the First National Survey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; HIV-INFECTION; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; GLOBAL TRENDS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; COHORT AB Background: Multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) have become major threats to control of tuberculosis globally. The rates of anti-TB drug resistance in Uganda are not known. We conducted a national drug resistance survey to investigate the levels and patterns of resistance to first and second line anti-TB drugs among new and previously treated sputum smear-positive TB cases. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from a nationally representative sample of new and previously treated sputum smear-positive TB patients registered at TB diagnostic centers during December 2009 to February 2011 using a weighted cluster sampling method. Culture and drug susceptibility testing was performed at the national TB reference laboratory. Results: A total of 1537 patients (1397 new and 140 previously treated) were enrolled in the survey from 44 health facilities. HIV test result and complete drug susceptibility testing (DST) results were available for 1524 (96.8%) and 1325 (85.9%) patients, respectively. Of the 1209 isolates from new cases, resistance to any anti-TB drug was 10.3%, 5% were resistant to isoniazid, 1.9% to rifampicin, and 1.4% were multi drug resistant. Among the 116 isolates from previously treated cases, the prevalence of resistance was 25.9%, 23.3%, 12.1% and 12.1% respectively. Of the 1524 patients who had HIV testing 469 (30.7%) tested positive. There was no association between anti-TB drug resistance (including MDR) and HIV infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-TB drug resistance among new patients in Uganda is low relative to WHO estimates. The higher levels of MDR-TB (12.1%) and resistance to any drug (25.3%) among previously treated patients raises concerns about the quality of directly observed therapy (DOT) and adherence to treatment. This calls for strengthening existing TB control measures, especially DOT, routine DST among the previously treated TB patients or periodic drug resistance surveys, to prevent and monitor development and transmission of drug resistant TB. C1 [Lukoye, Deus; Adatu, Francis] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Leprosy Program, Kampala, Uganda. [Joloba, Moses L.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. [Musisi, Kenneth; Kasule, George William; Joloba, Moses L.] Natl TB Reference Lab, Kampala, Uganda. [Were, Willy; Odeke, Rosemary; Kalamya, Julius Namonyo; Awor, Ann; Date, Anand] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Joloba, ML (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. EM Moses.joloba@case.edu OI Joloba, Moses/0000-0002-0334-9983 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Global AIDS Program under President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through, AIDS Information Centre, Uganda FX This survey was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Global AIDS Program under President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through, AIDS Information Centre, Uganda. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 AR e70763 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070763 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 219PB UT WOS:000324518400082 PM 23936467 ER PT J AU Kaiser, BN Kohrt, BA Keys, HM Khoury, NM Brewster, ART AF Kaiser, Bonnie N. Kohrt, Brandon A. Keys, Hunter M. Khoury, Nayla M. Brewster, Aimee-Rika T. TI Strategies for assessing mental health in Haiti: Local instrument development and transcultural translation SO TRANSCULTURAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE depression; function; Haiti; idioms of distress; mental health screening ID BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; PSYCHOSOCIAL DISTRESS; RATING-SCALE; VALIDITY; NEPAL; VALIDATION; STIGMA; WAR; PSYCHIATRY; CULTURE AB The lack of culturally appropriate mental health assessment instruments is a major barrier to screening and evaluating efficacy of interventions. Simple translation of questionnaires produces misleading and inaccurate conclusions. Multiple alternate approaches have been proposed, and this study compared two approaches tested in rural Haiti. First, an established transcultural translation process was used to develop Haitian Kreyl versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). This entailed focus group discussions evaluating comprehensibility, acceptability, relevance, and completeness. Second, qualitative data collection was employed to develop new instruments: the Kreyl Distress Idioms (KDI) and Kreyl Function Assessment (KFA) scales. For the BDI and BAI, some items were found to be nonequivalent due to lack of specificity, interpersonal interpretation, or conceptual nonequivalence. For all screening tools, items were adjusted if they were difficult to endorse or severely stigmatizing, represented somatic experiences of physical illness, or were difficult to understand. After the qualitative development phases, the BDI and BAI were piloted with 31 and 27 adults, respectively, and achieved good reliability. Without these efforts to develop appropriate tools, attempts at screening would have captured a combination of atypical suffering, everyday phenomena, and potential psychotic symptoms. Ultimately, a combination of transculturally adapted and locally developed instruments appropriately identified those in need of care through accounting for locally salient symptoms of distress and their negative sequelae. C1 [Kaiser, Bonnie N.; Keys, Hunter M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kohrt, Brandon A.] Duke Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Khoury, Nayla M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brewster, Aimee-Rika T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Kaiser, BN (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Anthropol, 1557 Dickey Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bfullard@gmail.com NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1363-4615 J9 TRANSCULT PSYCHIATRY JI Transcult. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2013 VL 50 IS 4 BP 532 EP 558 DI 10.1177/1363461513502697 PG 27 WC Anthropology; Psychiatry SC Anthropology; Psychiatry GA 224LB UT WOS:000324885800004 PM 24067540 ER PT J AU Shelton, SR Nelson, CD McLees, AW Mumford, K Thomas, C AF Shelton, Shoshana R. Nelson, Christopher D. McLees, Anita W. Mumford, Karen Thomas, Craig TI Building Performance-Based Accountability With Limited Empirical Evidence: Performance Measurement for Public Health Preparedness SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE performance measures; public health preparedness; national health security; CDC PHEP Cooperative Agreement ID EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEM AB Efforts to respond to performance-based accountability mandates for public health emergency preparedness have been hindered by a weak evidence base linking preparedness activities with response outcomes. We describe an approach to measure development that was successfully implemented in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Emergency Preparedness Cooperative Agreement. The approach leverages insights from process mapping and experts to guide measure selection, and provides mechanisms for reducing performance-irrelevant variation in measurement data. Also, issues are identified that need to be addressed to advance the science of measurement in public health emergency preparedness. C1 [Shelton, Shoshana R.] RAND Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Nelson, Christopher D.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [McLees, Anita W.; Mumford, Karen; Thomas, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shelton, SR (reprint author), RAND Corp, 4570 5th Ave,Ste 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sshelton@rand.org FU Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was funded by the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1017/dmp.2013.20 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 220AD UT WOS:000324552200009 PM 24229520 ER PT J AU Theodoro, RC Scheel, CM Brandt, ME Kasuga, T Bagagli, E AF Theodoro, Raquel Cordeiro Scheel, Christina M. Brandt, Mary E. Kasuga, Takao Bagagli, Eduardo TI PRP8 intein in cryptic species of Histoplasma capsulatum: Evolution and phylogeny SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Histoplasma capsulatum; Latin America; PRP8 intein; Phylogeny ID PARACOCCIDIOIDES-BRASILIENSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MODEL EUKARYOTE; RECOGNITION; PROTEIN; FUNGI; AJELLOMYCETACEAE; SUBSTITUTIONS; NEUROSPORA; SPECIATION AB The PRP8 intein is the most widespread intein among the Kingdom Fungi. This genetic element occurs within the prp8 gene, and is transcribed and translated simultaneously with the gene. After translation, the intein excises itself from the Prp8 protein by an autocatalytic splicing reaction, subsequently joining the N and C terminals of the host protein, which retains its functional conformation. Besides the splicing domain, some PRP8 inteins also have a homing endonuclease (HE) domain which, if functional, makes the intein a mobile element capable of becoming fixed in a population. This work aimed to study (1) The occurrence of this intein in Histoplasma capsulatum isolates (n = 99) belonging to different cryptic species collected in diverse geographical locations, and (2) The functionality of the endonuclease domains of H. capsulatum PRP8 inteins and their phylogenetic relationship among the cryptic species. Our results suggest that the PRP8 intein is fixed in H. capsulatum populations and that an admixture or a probable ancestral polymorphism of the PRP8 intein sequences is responsible for the apparent paraphyletic pattern of the LAmA clade which, in the intein phylogeny, also encompasses sequences from LAmB isolates. The PRP8 intein sequences clearly separate the different cryptic species, and may serve as an additional molecular typing tool, as previously proposed for other fungi genus, such as Oyptococcus and Paracoccidioides. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Theodoro, Raquel Cordeiro] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Scheel, Christina M.; Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kasuga, Takao] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. RP Theodoro, RC (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Ctr Biociencias, Dept Biol Celular & Genet, Ave Senador Salgado Filho S-N,Campus Univ UFRN, BR-59078900 Natal, RN, Brazil. EM grobiobot@yahoo.com.br FU FAPESP [2010/08839-1]; CDC FX We thank John W. Taylor (University of Berkeley, California), Maria Lucia Taylor (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) and Huyen Phan (Roche) for supplying some of the isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum, Yitian Zhou, Joyce Peterson, Lalitha Gade and Eszter Deak, for assistance with fungal cultures and PCR protocols. This work was supported by FAPESP (grant number: 2010/08839-1) and CDC. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 BP 174 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.05.001 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 221LR UT WOS:000324660900022 PM 23665464 ER PT J AU Esona, MD Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Foytich, K Roy, S Banyai, K Armah, GE Steele, AD Volotao, EM Gomez, MM Silva, MFM Gautam, R Quaye, O Tam, KI Forbi, JC Seheri, M Page, N Nyangao, J Ndze, VN Aminu, M Bowen, MD Gentsch, JR AF Esona, M. D. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S. Foytich, K. Roy, S. Banyai, K. Armah, G. E. Steele, A. D. Volotao, E. M. Gomez, M. M. Silva, M. F. M. Gautam, R. Quaye, O. Tam, K. I. Forbi, J. C. Seheri, M. Page, N. Nyangao, J. Ndze, V. N. Aminu, M. Bowen, M. D. Gentsch, J. R. TI Human G9P[8] rotavirus strains circulating in Cameroon, 1999-2000: Genetic relationships with other G9 strains and detection of a new G9 subtype SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus A; Genotype P[8]G9; Genomic phylogenetic analysis; Structural proteins; Non-structural proteins ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; NONSTRUCTURAL GLYCOPROTEIN NSP4; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; VP6 GENES; SEROTYPE; DIVERSITY AB Group A rotaviruses (RV-A) are the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis in children worldwide and genotype G9P[8] is one of the five most common genotypes detected in humans. In order to gain insight into the degree of genetic variability of G9P[8] strains circulating in Cameroon, stool samples were collected during the 1999-2000 rotavirus season in two different geographic regions in Cameroon (Southwest and Western Regions). By RT-PCR, 15 G9P[8] strains (15/89 = 16.8%) were identified whose genomic configurations was subsequently determined by complete or partial gene sequencing. In general, all Cameroonian G9 strains clustered into current globally-spread sublineages of the VP7 gene and displayed 86.6-100% nucleotide identity amongst themselves and 81.2-99.5% nucleotide identity with global G9 strains. The full genome classification of all Cameroonian strains was G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1 but phylogenetic analysis of each gene revealed that the strains were spread across 4 or more distinct lineages. An unusual strain, RVA/Human-wt/CMR/6788/1999/G9P[8], which shared the genomic constellation of other Cameroonian G9P[8] strains, contained a novel G9 subtype which diverged significantly (18.8% nucleotide and 19% amino acid distance) from previously described G9 strains. Nucleotide and amino acid alignments revealed that the 3' end of this gene is highly divergent from other G9 VP7 genes suggesting that it arose through extensive accumulation of point mutations. The results of this study demonstrate that diverse G9 strains circulated in Cameroon during 1999-2000. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Esona, M. D.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S.; Foytich, K.; Roy, S.; Gautam, R.; Quaye, O.; Tam, K. I.; Bowen, M. D.; Gentsch, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. [Armah, G. E.] Univ Ghana, Coll Hlth Sci, Noguchi Mem Res Inst Accra, Legon, Ghana. [Steele, A. D.] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Volotao, E. M.; Gomez, M. M.; Silva, M. F. M.] Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Comparat & Environm Virol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Forbi, J. C.] Innovat Biotech, Virol Lab, Keffi Abuja, Nigeria. [Esona, M. D.; Seheri, M.; Page, N.] Univ Limpopo, Dept Virol, MRC UL Diarrhoeal Pathogens Res Unit, Limpopo, South Africa. [Page, N.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Unit, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Nyangao, J.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Virus Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ndze, V. N.] Univ Yaounde I, Fac Med & Biomed Sci, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Aminu, M.] Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Microbiol, Zaria, Nigeria. RP Esona, MD (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdi4@cdc.gov RI da Silva, Marcelle/D-9809-2015; OI da Silva, Marcelle/0000-0002-4275-9627; Page, Nicola/0000-0001-5845-4417; Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [PD76364] FX We thank the staff of the Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for invaluable assistance and the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. K.B. was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (PD76364). NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 BP 315 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.06.005 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 221LR UT WOS:000324660900039 PM 23770141 ER PT J AU Ayouba, A Duval, L Liegeois, F Ngin, S Ahuka-Mundeke, S Switzer, WM Delaporte, E Ariey, F Peeters, M Nerrienet, E AF Ayouba, Ahidjo Duval, Linda Liegeois, Florian Ngin, Sopheak Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve Switzer, William M. Delaporte, Eric Ariey, Frederic Peeters, Martine Nerrienet, Eric TI Nonhuman primate retroviruses from Cambodia: High simian foamy virus prevalence, identification of divergent STLV-1 strains and no evidence of SIV infection SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Nonhuman primates; Retroviruses; Cambodia; SIV; STLV; SFV ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION; OLD-WORLD PRIMATES; TAI NATIONAL-PARK; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MACACA-ARCTOIDES AB Nonhuman primates (NHPs) carry retroviruses such as simian immunodeficiency viruses (Sly), simian T-cell lymphotropic viruses (STLV) and simian foamy viruses (SFV). Here, we revisited NHPs from Cambodia to assess the prevalence and diversity of these retroviruses using updated viral detection tools. We screened blood from 118 NHPs consisting of six species (Macaca fascicularis (n = 91), Macaca leonine (n = 8), Presbytis cristata (n = 3), Nycticebus coucang (n = 1), Hylobates pileatus (n = 14), and Pongo pygmaeus) (n = 1) by using a Luminex-based multiplex serology assay that allows the detection of all known SIV/HIV and SFV lineages. We also used highly sensitive PCR assays to detect each simian retrovirus group. Positive PCR products were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed to infer evolutionary histories. Fifty-three of 118 (44.9%) NHPs tested positive for SFV by serology and 8/52 (15.4%), all from M. fascicularis, were PCR-confirmed. The 8 novel SFV sequences formed a highly supported distinct lineage within a clade composed of other macaque SFV. We observed no serological or molecular evidence of Sly infection among the 118 NHP samples tested. Four of 118 (3.3%) NHPs were PCR-positive for STLV, including one M. fascicularis, one P. cristata, and two H. pileatus. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the four novel STLV belonged to the PTLV-1 lineage, outside the African radiation of PTLV-1, like all Asian PTLV identified so far. Sequence analysis of the whole STLV-1 genome from a H. pileatus (C578_Hp) revealed a genetic structure characteristic of PTLV. Similarity analysis comparing the STLV-1 (C578_Hp) sequence with prototype PTLVs showed that C578_Hp is closer to PTLV-ls than to all other types across the entire genome. In conclusion, we showed a high frequency of SFV infection but found no evidence of SIV infection in NHPs from Cambodia. We identified for the first time STLV-1 in a P. cristata and in two H. pileatus. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ayouba, Ahidjo; Liegeois, Florian; Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve; Delaporte, Eric; Peeters, Martine] IRD, UM1 233, F-34394 Montpellier 5, France. [Ayouba, Ahidjo; Liegeois, Florian; Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve; Delaporte, Eric; Peeters, Martine] Univ Montpellier I, Montpellier, France. [Duval, Linda] Museum Natl Hist Nat, UMR 7245, APE, F-75231 Paris, France. [Ngin, Sopheak; Ariey, Frederic; Nerrienet, Eric] Inst Pasteur Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ayouba, A (reprint author), IRD, UMI233, 911 Ave Agropolis,BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier 5, France. EM ahidjo.ayouba@ird.fr RI Liegeois, Florian/D-3798-2013 OI Liegeois, Florian/0000-0003-1048-0661 FU Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA, France [ANRS 12125, ANRS 12182, ANRS 12255]; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) FX We are thankful to Hongwei Jia and the Biologics Branch at the CDC for preparing the SFV recombinant Gag proteins. This study was supported by grants from the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA, France (ANRS 12125, ANRS 12182 and ANRS 12255) and the Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD). Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 BP 325 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.04.015 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 221LR UT WOS:000324660900040 PM 23612320 ER PT J AU Suthar, AB Ford, N Bachanas, PJ Wong, VJ Rajan, JS Saltzman, AK Ajose, O Fakoya, AO Granich, RM Negussie, EK Baggaley, RC AF Suthar, Amitabh B. Ford, Nathan Bachanas, Pamela J. Wong, Vincent J. Rajan, Jay S. Saltzman, Alex K. Ajose, Olawale Fakoya, Ade O. Granich, Reuben M. Negussie, Eyerusalem K. Baggaley, Rachel C. TI Towards Universal Voluntary HIV Testing and Counselling: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Community-Based Approaches SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIAL; RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; WESTERN KENYA; CLIENT CHARACTERISTICS; DEMONSTRATION PROJECT; WORKPLACE PROGRAM; HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS AB Background: Effective national and global HIV responses require a significant expansion of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) to expand access to prevention and care. Facility-based HTC, while essential, is unlikely to meet national and global targets on its own. This article systematically reviews the evidence for community-based HTC. Methods and Findings: PubMed was searched on 4 March 2013, clinical trial registries were searched on 3 September 2012, and Embase and the World Health Organization Global Index Medicus were searched on 10 April 2012 for studies including community-based HTC (i.e., HTC outside of health facilities). Randomised controlled trials, and observational studies were eligible if they included a community-based testing approach and reported one or more of the following outcomes: uptake, proportion receiving their first HIV test, CD4 value at diagnosis, linkage to care, HIV positivity rate, HTC coverage, HIV incidence, or cost per person tested (outcomes are defined fully in the text). The following community-based HTC approaches were reviewed: (1) door-to-door testing (systematically offering HTC to homes in a catchment area), (2) mobile testing for the general population (offering HTC via a mobile HTC service), (3) index testing (offering HTC to household members of people with HIV and persons who may have been exposed to HIV), (4) mobile testing for men who have sex with men, (5) mobile testing for people who inject drugs, (6) mobile testing for female sex workers, (7) mobile testing for adolescents, (8) self-testing, (9) workplace HTC, (10) church-based HTC, and (11) school-based HTC. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and the Cochrane Collaboration's "risk of bias'' tool were used to assess the risk of bias in studies with a comparator arm included in pooled estimates. 117 studies, including 864,651 participants completing HTC, met the inclusion criteria. The percentage of people offered community-based HTC who accepted HTC was as follows: index testing, 88% of 12,052 participants; self-testing, 87% of 1,839 participants; mobile testing, 87% of 79,475 participants; door-to-door testing, 80% of 555,267 participants; workplace testing, 67% of 62,406 participants; and school-based testing, 62% of 2,593 participants. Mobile HTC uptake among key populations (men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, female sex workers, and adolescents) ranged from 9% to 100% (among 41,110 participants across studies), with heterogeneity related to how testing was offered. Community-based approaches increased HTC uptake (relative risk [RR] 10.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.27-18.08), the proportion of first-time testers (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.42), and the proportion of participants with CD4 counts above 350 cells/mu l (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16-1.74), and obtained a lower positivity rate (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37-0.96), relative to facility-based approaches. 80% (95% CI 75%-85%) of 5,832 community-based HTC participants obtained a CD4 measurement following HIV diagnosis, and 73% (95% CI 61%-85%) of 527 community-based HTC participants initiated antiretroviral therapy following a CD4 measurement indicating eligibility. The data on linking participants without HIV to prevention services were limited. In low and middle-income countries, the cost per person tested ranged from US$2-US$126. At the population level, community-based HTC increased HTC coverage (RR 7.07, 95% CI 3.52-14.22) and reduced HIV incidence (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73-1.02), although the incidence reduction lacked statistical significance. No studies reported any harm arising as a result of having been tested. Conclusions: Community-based HTC achieved high rates of HTC uptake, reached people with high CD4 counts, and linked people to care. It also obtained a lower HIV positivity rate relative to facility-based approaches. Further research is needed to further improve acceptability of community-based HTC for key populations. HIV programmes should offer community-based HTC linked to prevention and care, in addition to facility-based HTC, to support increased access to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. C1 [Suthar, Amitabh B.; Ford, Nathan; Negussie, Eyerusalem K.; Baggaley, Rachel C.] WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bachanas, Pamela J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, Vincent J.] US Agcy Int Dev, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Rajan, Jay S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Saltzman, Alex K.] Cornell Univ, Sch Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Ajose, Olawale] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Boston, MA USA. [Fakoya, Ade O.] Global Fund Fight AIDS TB & Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. [Granich, Reuben M.] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Suthar, AB (reprint author), WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM amitabh.suthar@gmail.com NR 176 TC 99 Z9 99 U1 9 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 10 IS 8 AR e1001496 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001496 PG 23 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 219SS UT WOS:000324530200003 PM 23966838 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Logan, JE Paulozzi, LJ Zhang, K Jones, CM AF Liu, Ying Logan, Joseph E. Paulozzi, Leonard J. Zhang, Kun Jones, Christopher M. TI Potential Misuse and Inappropriate Prescription Practices Involving Opioid Analgesics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID NONCANCER PAIN; MONITORING PROGRAMS; OVERDOSE; PATTERNS; THERAPY; DEATHS; TRENDS; ABUSE; RISK AB Background: Opioid misuse and abuse are growing concerns among the medical and public health communities. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of indicators for potential opioid misuse in a large, commercially insured adult population. Methods: We adapted existing indicators developed by expert panels to include having overlapping opioid prescriptions, overlapping opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions, long-acting/extended.release (LA/ER) opioids for acute pain, and high daily doses of opioids (>= 100 morphine milligram equivalents).These indicators were assessed among continuously enrolled individuals aged 18-64 years from the 2009 Truven Health Market Scan databases. Analyses were stratified by sex. Results: We identified 3,391,599 eligible enrollees who received at feast 1 opioid prescription. On average, enrollees obtained 3.3 opioid prescriptions, and the average annual days of supply was 47 days. Twice as many enrollees received opioid prescriptions for acute pain as for chronic pain. About a quarter of the enrollees had at least 1 indicator of either potential misuse by patients or inappropriate prescription practices by providers. About 15% of enrollees had high daily doses; 7.8% had opioid overlap; and 7.9% had opioid and benzodiazepine overlap. Among those prescribed LA/ER opioids, 24.3% were treated for acute pain. Overlap indicators were more common among women. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the critical need to develop programs aimed at promoting appropriate use of opioids. Retrospective opioid utilization reviews similar to our analyses can potentially help managed care organizations and healthcare providers improve patient care and reduce the risk of adverse outcomes related to these medications. C1 [Liu, Ying; Logan, Joseph E.; Paulozzi, Leonard J.; Zhang, Kun; Jones, Christopher M.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), 601 Sun Land Pk Dr,Ste 200, El Paso, TX 79912 USA. EM lbp4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX All work for this study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and none of the authors had conflicts of interest. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 15 PU MANAGED CARE & HEALTHCARE COMMUNICATIONS LLC PI PLAINSBORO PA 666 PLAINSBORO RD, STE 300, PLAINSBORO, NJ 08536 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 8 BP 648 EP 658 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 213RG UT WOS:000324075900003 PM 24304213 ER PT J AU Thacker, N Choudhury, P Gargano, LM Weiss, PS Pazol, K Vashishtha, VM Bahl, S Jafari, HS Kumar, A Arora, M Venczel, L Orenstein, WA Omer, SB Hughes, JM AF Thacker, Naveen Choudhury, Panna Gargano, Lisa M. Weiss, Paul S. Pazol, Karen Vashishtha, Vipin M. Bahl, Sunil Jafari, Hamid S. Kumar, Amod Arora, Manisha Venczel, Linda Orenstein, Walter A. Omer, Saad B. Hughes, James M. TI Attitudes and Practices of Auxiliary Nurse Midwives and Accredited Social Health Activists in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar Regarding Polio Immunization in India SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE auxiliary nurse midwives; accredited social health activists; immunization; India; polio ID RESISTANCE; DISTRICTS AB Although India was removed from the list of polio endemic countries in January 2012, maintaining the focus on polio vaccination is critically important to prevent reintroduction of the virus. In 2009-2010, we conducted a study to assess the attitudes and practices of frontline health workers in India regarding polio immunization in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. More than 95% of auxiliary nurse midwives (ANMs) and accredited social health activists (ASHAs) agreed that polio supplementary immunization campaigns helped in increasing acceptance of all vaccines. The majority of ANMs (60-70%) and ASHAs (56-71%) believed that polio immunization activities benefitted or greatly benefitted other activities they were carrying out. Less than 5% of ANMs and ASHAs felt they were very likely to face resistance when promoting or administering polio vaccine. This study provides information that may be useful for programs in other countries for polio eradication and in India for measles elimination. C1 [Thacker, Naveen; Choudhury, Panna; Vashishtha, Vipin M.] IAP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Gargano, Lisa M.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Hughes, James M.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Weiss, Paul S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pazol, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bahl, Sunil; Jafari, Hamid S.] WHO, Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi, India. [Kumar, Amod; Arora, Manisha] St Stephens Hosp, Delhi, India. [Venczel, Linda] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gargano, LM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1462 Clifton Rd NE,Room 446, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lgargan@emory.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [50230] FX This work was support by grant #50230 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-6338 J9 J TROP PEDIATRICS JI J. Trop. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 59 IS 4 BP 266 EP 273 DI 10.1093/tropej/fmt008 PG 8 WC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine SC Pediatrics; Tropical Medicine GA 194XE UT WOS:000322665200003 PM 23436233 ER PT J AU Thompson, D Bhatt, R Watson, K AF Thompson, Debbe Bhatt, Riddhi Watson, Kathy TI Physical Activity Problem-Solving Inventory for Adolescents: Development and Initial Validation SO PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR; PERCEIVED BARRIERS; SCHOOL-STUDENTS; CHILDREN; VALIDITY; PROGRAM; TRENDS; SCALE; YOUTH AB Youth encounter physical activity barriers, often called problems. The purpose of problem solving is to generate solutions to overcome the barriers. Enhancing problem-solving ability may enable youth to be more physically active. Therefore, a method for reliably assessing physical activity problem-solving ability is needed. The purpose of this research was to report the development and initial validation of the physical activity problem-solving inventory for adolescents (PAPSIA). Qualitative and quantitative procedures were used. The social problem-solving inventory for adolescents guided the development of the PAPSIA scale. Youth (14- to 17-year-olds) were recruited using standard procedures, such as distributing flyers in the community and to organizations likely to be attended by adolescents. Cognitive interviews were conducted in person. Adolescents completed pen and paper versions of the questionnaire and/or scales assessing social desirability, self-reported physical activity, and physical activity self-efficacy. An expert panel review, cognitive interviews, and a pilot study (n = 129) established content validity. Construct, concurrent, and predictive validity were also established (n = 520 youth). PAPSIA is a promising measure for assessing youth physical activity problem-solving ability. Future research will assess its validity with objectively measured physical activity. C1 [Thompson, Debbe] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bhatt, Riddhi] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Watson, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thompson, D (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU Bristol Myers/Squibb/Mead Johnson [2533655201]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6001, 58-6250-0-008] FX This research was largely funded by a grant to the first author through internal funding from an award to the Children's Nutrition Research Center from the Bristol Myers/Squibb/Mead Johnson pilot projects grant (2533655201). This work is also a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and was funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement Nos. 58-6250-6001 and 58-6250-0-008. The contents of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0899-8493 J9 PEDIATR EXERC SCI JI Pediatr. Exerc. Sci. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 25 IS 3 BP 448 EP 467 PG 20 WC Pediatrics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Pediatrics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 218RA UT WOS:000324448900012 PM 23877432 ER PT J AU DeStefano, F Price, CS Weintraub, ES AF DeStefano, Frank Price, Cristofer S. Weintraub, Eric S. TI Increasing Exposure to Antibody-Stimulating Proteins and Polysaccharides in Vaccines Is Not Associated with Risk of Autism SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; PARENTS; THIMEROSAL; DISORDER AB Objective To evaluate the association between autism and the level of immunologic stimulation received from vaccines administered during the first 2 years of life. Study design We analyzed data from a case-control study conducted in 3 managed care organizations (MCOs) of 256 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 752 control children matched on birth year, sex, and MCO. In addition to the broader category of ASD, we also evaluated autistic disorder and ASD with regression. ASD diagnoses were validated through standardized in-person evaluations. Exposure to total antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides from vaccines was determined by summing the antigen content of each vaccine received, as obtained from immunization registries and medical records. Potential confounding factors were ascertained from parent interviews and medical charts. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess associations between ASD outcomes and exposure to antigens in selected time periods. Results The aOR (95% CI) of ASD associated with each 25-unit increase in total antigen exposure was 0.999 (0.994-1.003) for cumulative exposure to age 3 months, 0.999 (0.997-1.001) for cumulative exposure to age 7 months, and 0.999 (0.998-1.001) for cumulative exposure to age 2 years. Similarly, no increased risk was found for autistic disorder or ASD with regression. Conclusion In this study of MCO members, increasing exposure to antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides in vaccines during the first 2 years of life was not related to the risk of developing an ASD. C1 [DeStefano, Frank; Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Price, Cristofer S.] ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. RP DeStefano, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fxd1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; AHIP FX Funded by a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP), and by subcontracts from AHIP to Abt Associates, Inc. The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 84 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2 BP 561 EP 567 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.02.001 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198YG UT WOS:000322959500051 PM 23545349 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Chen, AM Bottai, M Caldwell, KL Rogan, WJ AF Cao, Yang Chen, Aimin Bottai, Matteo Caldwell, Kathleen L. Rogan, Walter J. TI The Impact of Succimer Chelation on Blood Cadmium in Children with Background Exposures: A Randomized Trial SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID; CHLORIDE INTOXICATION; AGENTS; TODDLERS; HEALTH AB Succimer lowers blood lead concentrations in children, and the structure of succimer chelates of lead and cadmium are similar. Using blood samples from a randomized trial of succimer for lead poisoning, however, we found that succimer did not lower blood cadmium in children with background exposure. C1 [Cao, Yang; Bottai, Matteo] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Div Epidemiol, Unit Biostat, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. [Chen, Aimin] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rogan, Walter J.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Rogan, WJ (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233,Mail Drop A3-05,Fedex UPS 111 TW Alexan, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rogan@niehs.nih.gov RI Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012; OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160; Cao, Yang/0000-0002-3552-9153 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 163 IS 2 BP 598 EP 600 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.009 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198YG UT WOS:000322959500058 PM 23601497 ER PT J AU Mattran, K Harris, C Jernigan, J Fulton, J AF Mattran, Kelly Harris, Carmen Jernigan, Jan Fulton, Janet TI Evaluating the Awareness, Access, and Use of the State Indicator Report on Physical Activity, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE usability; surveillance; evaluation ID HEALTH AB Background: The State Indicator Report on Physical Activity, 2010 (SIRPA) and accompanying resources provide information for practitioners to promote physical activity. This study evaluated awareness, access, and use of materials among physical activity practitioners. Methods: A Web-based survey assessed awareness, access and use among respondents. The 26-item questionnaire assessed the usability of products developed by the federal government. Response frequencies and 95% confidence intervals were reported. Results: Response rate was 27% (135 of 508). Awareness of material was from e-mail (35.6%) or partner Websites (37.8%). One-third of respondents (33.3%) accessed materials at least once a month, but 39.3% reported no use. The SIRPA (44.4%) and state-specific action guides (34.1%) were used the most. Materials were used to compare state-specific to national data (57.0%) and to present data to the public (41.5%). Most respondents (83%) reported public health partners as a target audience, and 91.8% were likely to share information in the future. Conclusions: SIRPA awareness was primarily through electronic communication, and two-thirds of respondents used the materials. Respondents accessed materials for state comparisons and public distribution. Increasing the use of federal physical activity promotion materials involves considering design and dissemination features related to the needs of practitioners. C1 [Mattran, Kelly; Jernigan, Jan; Fulton, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harris, Carmen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mattran, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 10 IS 6 BP 863 EP 870 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 207UR UT WOS:000323630700012 PM 23074144 ER PT J AU Chapin, MM Rochette, LM Annest, JL Haileyesus, T Conner, KA Smith, GA AF Chapin, Meyli M. Rochette, Lynne M. Annest, Joseph L. Haileyesus, Tadesse Conner, Kristen A. Smith, Gary A. TI Nonfatal Choking on Food Among Children 14 Years or Younger in the United States, 2001-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE aspiration; choking; emergency department; epidemiology; injury prevention; National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program ID AGED 0-14 YEARS; FOREIGN-BODIES; BODY; PREVENTION; AIRWAY AB OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of nonfatal choking on food among US children. METHODS: Using a nationally representative sample, nonfatal pediatric choking-related emergency department (ED) visits involving food for 2001 through 2009 were analyzed by using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program. Narratives abstracted from the medical record were reviewed to identify choking cases and the types of food involved. RESULTS: An estimated 111 914 (95% confidence interval: 83 975-139 854) children ages 0 to 14 years were treated in US hospital EDs from 2001 through 2009 for nonfatal food-related choking, yielding an average of 12 435 children annually and a rate of 20.4 (95% confidence interval: 15.4-25.3) visits per 100 000 population. The mean age of children treated for nonfatal food-related choking was 4.5 years. Children aged <= 1 year accounted for 37.8% of cases, and male children accounted for more than one-half (55.4%) of cases. Of all food types, hard candy was most frequently (15.5% [16 168 cases]) associated with choking, followed by other candy (12.8% [13 324]), meat (12.2% [12 671]), and bone (12.0% [12 496]). Most patients (87.3% [97 509]) were treated and released, but 10.0% (11 218) were hospitalized, and 2.6% (2911) left against medical advice. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first nationally representative study to focus solely on nonfatal pediatric food-related choking treated in US EDs over a multiyear period. Improved surveillance, food labeling and redesign, and public education are strategies that can help reduce pediatric choking on food. C1 [Chapin, Meyli M.; Rochette, Lynne M.; Conner, Kristen A.; Smith, Gary A.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Columbus, OH 43205 USA. [Rochette, Lynne M.] US Army Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. [Annest, Joseph L.; Haileyesus, Tadesse] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Gary A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Smith, Gary A.] Child Injury Prevent Alliance, Columbus, OH USA. RP Smith, GA (reprint author), Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, 700 Childrens Dr, Columbus, OH 43205 USA. EM gary.smith@nationwidechildrens.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1R49CE001172] FX Ms Chapin received support for this research from a scholarship stipend provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant 1R49CE001172). NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP 275 EP 281 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-0260 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198XN UT WOS:000322957300050 PM 23897916 ER PT J AU Shults, RA West, BA Rudd, RA Helmkamp, JC AF Shults, Ruth A. West, Bethany A. Rudd, Rose A. Helmkamp, James C. TI All-Terrain Vehicle-Related Nonfatal Injuries Among Young Riders in the United States, 2001-2010 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE all-terrain vehicles; pediatric injuries; injury prevention; epidemiology; accidents ID USE PATTERNS; CHILDREN; SAFETY; LEGISLATION; PREVENTION; IMPACT; RATES; ATV AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the numbers and rates of all-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related nonfatal injuries among riders aged <= 15 years treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs) in the United States during 2001-2010. METHODS: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program data for 2001-2010 were analyzed. Numbers and rates of injuries were examined by age group, gender, primary body part injured, diagnosis, and hospital admission status. RESULTS: During 2001-2010, an estimated 361 161 ATV riders aged <= 15 years were treated in EDs for ATV-related injuries. The injury rate peaked at 67 per 100 000 children in 2004 and then declined to 42 per 100 000 children by 2010. The annualized injury rate for boys was double that of girls (73 vs 37 per 100 000). Children aged 11 to 15 years accounted for two-thirds of all ED visits and hospitalizations. Fractures accounted for 28% of ED visits and 45% of hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for the decline in ATV-related injuries among young riders are not well understood but might be related to the economic recession of the mid-2000s and decreased sales of new ATVs. Although many states have regulations governing children's use of ATVs, their effectiveness in reducing injuries is unclear. Broader use of known effective safety measures, including prohibiting children aged <= 15 years from riding adult-sized ATVs, always wearing a helmet while riding, not riding on paved roads, and not riding as or carrying a passenger could additionally reduce ATV-related injuries among children. Last, more research to better understand ATV crash dynamics might lead to safer designs for ATVs. C1 [Shults, Ruth A.; West, Bethany A.; Rudd, Rose A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Helmkamp, James C.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Denver, CO USA. RP Shults, RA (reprint author), CDC NCIPC, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rshults@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP 282 EP 289 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-0751 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198XN UT WOS:000322957300051 PM 23821703 ER PT J AU Florence, C Brown, DS Fang, XM Thompson, HF AF Florence, Curtis Brown, Derek S. Fang, Xiangming Thompson, Hope F. TI Health Care Costs Associated With Child Maltreatment: Impact on Medicaid SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE health care costs; expenditures; child abuse; child maltreatment; Medicaid ID UNITED-STATES; ABUSE; PREVENTION; OUTCOMES AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the increased Medicaid expenditures associated with child maltreatment. METHODS: Data on child maltreatment were collected from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a nationally representative sample of cases investigated or assessed by local Child Protective Services agencies between October 1999 and December 2000. Medicaid claims data for 2000 to 2003 were obtained from the Medicaid Analytic Extract (MAX). Children from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being who had Medicaid were matched to the MAX data by Social Security number or birthdate, gender, and zip code. Propensity score matching was used to select a comparison group from the MAX data. Two-part regression models were used to estimate the impact of child maltreatment on expenditures. Data with individual identifiers were obtained under confidentiality agreements with the collecting agencies. RESULTS: Children who were identified as maltreated or as being at risk of maltreatment incurred, on average, Medicaid expenditures that were >$2600 higher per year compared with children not so identified. This finding accounted for similar to 9% of all Medicaid expenditures for children. CONCLUSIONS: Child maltreatment imposes a substantial financial burden on the Medicaid system. These expenses could be partially offset by increased investment in child maltreatment prevention. C1 [Florence, Curtis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brown, Derek S.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO USA. [Thompson, Hope F.] Univ Michigan, Ford Sch, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thompson, Hope F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Econ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Florence, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cflorence@cdc.gov RI Fang, Xiangming/O-1653-2014; Brown, Derek/J-3035-2013 OI Fang, Xiangming/0000-0001-9922-8977; Brown, Derek/0000-0001-9908-9882 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00776T049, 200-2008-F-26463] FX RTI International received support for this study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under contracts 200-2002-00776T049 and 200-2008-F-26463. The findings and conclusions in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or RTI International. The study was reviewed by the institutional review boards of RTI International and the CDC. Dr Brown and Ms Thompson began this study while affiliated with RTI International. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-2212 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198XN UT WOS:000322957300055 PM 23821692 ER PT J AU Breese, C Weinberg, GA Blumkin, AK Edwards, KM Staat, MA Schultz, AF Poehling, KA Szilagyi, PG Griffin, MR Williams, JV Zhu, YW Grijalva, CG Prill, MM Iwane, MK AF Breese, Caroline Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Blumkin, Aaron K. Edwards, Kathryn M. Staat, Mary A. Schultz, Andrew F. Poehling, Katherine A. Szilagyi, Peter G. Griffin, Marie R. Williams, John V. Zhu, Yuwei Grijalva, Carlos G. Prill, Mila M. Iwane, Marika K. TI Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children Less Than 24 Months of Age SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE respiratory syncytial virus; acute respiratory illness ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; INFANTS; POPULATION; INFECTIONS; INFLUENZA; DISEASE; DISPARITIES; PREVENTION AB BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a leading cause of hospitalization among infants. However, estimates of the RSV hospitalization burden have varied, and precision has been limited by the use of age strata grouped in blocks of 6 to >= 12 months. METHODS: We analyzed data from a 5-year, prospective, population-based surveillance for young children who were hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed (reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) RSV acute respiratory illness (ARI) during October through March 2000-2005. The total population at risk was stratified by month of age by birth certificate information to yield hospitalization rates. RESULTS: There were 559 (26%) RSV-infected children among the 2149 enrolled children hospitalized with ARI (85% of all eligible children with ARI). The average RSV hospitalization rate was 5.2 per 1000 children <24 months old. The highest age-specific rate was in infants 1 month old (25.9 per 1000 children). Infants <= 2 months of age, who comprised 44% of RSV-hospitalized children, had a hospitalization rate of 17.9 per 1000 children. Most children (79%) were previously healthy. Very preterm infants (<30 weeks' gestation) accounted for only 3% of RSV cases but had RSV hospitalization rates 3 times that of term infants. CONCLUSIONS: Young infants, especially those who were 1 month old, were at greatest risk of RSV hospitalization. Four-fifths of RSV-hospitalized infants were previously healthy. To substantially reduce the burden of RSV hospitalizations, effective general preventive strategies will be required for all young infants, not just those with risk factors. C1 [Breese, Caroline; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Blumkin, Aaron K.; Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Breese, Caroline; Schultz, Andrew F.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Williams, John V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Griffin, Marie R.; Grijalva, Carlos G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Williams, John V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN USA. [Zhu, Yuwei] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN USA. [Staat, Mary A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Prill, Mila M.; Iwane, Marika K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weinberg, GA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, POB 690,601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM geoff_weinberg@urmc.rochester.edu RI Williams, John/F-6962-2010 OI Williams, John/0000-0001-8377-5175 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U38 CCU217969, U01 IP000017, U38 CCU417958, U01 IP000022, U38 CCU522352, U01 IP000147] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreements U38 CCU217969, U01 IP000017, U38 CCU417958, U01 IP000022, U38 CCU522352, and U01 IP000147). NR 30 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP E341 EP E348 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-0303 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198XN UT WOS:000322957300004 ER PT J AU Stoecker, C Hampton, LM Link-Gelles, R Messonnier, ML Zhou, FJ Moore, MR AF Stoecker, Charles Hampton, Lee M. Link-Gelles, Ruth Messonnier, Mark L. Zhou, Fangjun Moore, Matthew R. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Using 2 vs 3 Primary Doses of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE PCV13; decremental cost effectiveness ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; ROUTINE CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; 3-DOSE PRIMARY SERIES; UNITED-STATES; INFANT SCHEDULE; CHILDREN; PROGRAM; PNEUMONIA; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although effective in preventing pneumococcal disease, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is the most expensive vaccine on the routinely recommended pediatric schedule in the United States. We examined the cost-effectiveness of switching from 4 total doses to 3 total doses by removing the third dose in the primary series in the United States. METHODS: We used a probabilistic model following a single birth cohort of 4.3 million to calculate societal cost savings and increased disease burden from removing the 6-month dose of PCV13. Based on modified estimates of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine from randomized trials and observational studies, we assumed that vaccine effectiveness under the 2 schedules is identical for the first 6 months of life and largely similar after administration of the 12- to 15-month booster dose. RESULTS: Removing the third dose of PCV13 would annually save $500 million (in 2011$) but would also result in an estimated 2.5 additional deaths among inpatients with pneumonia or invasive pneumococcal disease. Such dose removal would also result in 261 000 estimated otitis media and 12 000 estimated pneumonia cases annually. These additional illnesses could be prevented through modest increases in coverage. Overall, societal savings per additional life-year lost would be similar to$6 million. When nonfatal outcomes are also considered, savings would range from $143 000 to $4 million per additional quality adjusted life-year lost, depending on the assumptions used for otitis media. CONCLUSIONS: Sizable societal cost savings and a moderate pneumococcal disease increase could be expected from removing the PCV13 primary series' third dose. C1 [Stoecker, Charles; Hampton, Lee M.; Link-Gelles, Ruth; Messonnier, Mark L.; Zhou, Fangjun; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Stoecker, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cfstoecker@tulane.edu OI Stoecker, Charles/0000-0001-5438-9312 NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP E324 EP E332 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-3350 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 198XN UT WOS:000322957300002 PM 23821695 ER PT J AU Engelman, D Kiang, KR Chosidow, O McCarthy, J Fuller, C Lammie, P Hay, R Steer, A AF Engelman, Daniel Kiang, Karen Chosidow, Olivier McCarthy, James Fuller, Claire Lammie, Patrick Hay, Roderick Steer, Andrew CA Int Alliance Control Scabies TI Toward the Global Control of Human Scabies: Introducing the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ABORIGINAL COMMUNITIES; SKIN DISEASES; IVERMECTIN; MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN; PROGRAM; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; PERMETHRIN; RESISTANCE; AUSTRALIA C1 [Engelman, Daniel; Kiang, Karen; Steer, Andrew] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Int Child Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Chosidow, Olivier] Univ Paris Est Creteil Val de Marne, Hop Henri Mondor, AP HP, Dept Dermatol, Creteil, France. [McCarthy, James] Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia. [Fuller, Claire] Chelsea & Westminster Hosp, London, England. [Lammie, Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hay, Roderick] Int Fdn Dermatol, London, England. [Steer, Andrew] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Engelman, D (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Ctr Int Child Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. EM andrew.steer@rch.org.au OI Engelman, Daniel/0000-0002-4909-1287 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 8 AR e2167 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002167 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 211WE UT WOS:000323941500003 PM 23951369 ER PT J AU Impoinvil, DE Ooi, MH Diggle, PJ Caminade, C Cardosa, MJ Morse, AP Baylis, M Solomon, T AF Impoinvil, Daniel E. Ooi, Mong How Diggle, Peter J. Caminade, Cyril Cardosa, Mary Jane Morse, Andrew P. Baylis, Matthew Solomon, Tom TI The Effect of Vaccination Coverage and Climate on Japanese Encephalitis in Sarawak, Malaysia SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; SALMONELLA-TYPHI CARRIERS; ANTIGEN TECHNOLOGY IVIAT; GENE-EXPRESSION; ENDEMIC AREA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HUMAN INFECTION; VI SEROLOGY; FEVER; VIRULENCE AB Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis across Asia with approximately 70,000 cases a year and 10,000 to 15,000 deaths. Because JE incidence varies widely over time, partly due to inter-annual climate variability effects on mosquito vector abundance, it becomes more complex to assess the effects of a vaccination programme since more or less climatically favourable years could also contribute to a change in incidence post-vaccination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify vaccination effect on confirmed Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases in Sarawak, Malaysia after controlling for climate variability to better understand temporal dynamics of JE virus transmission and control. Methodology/principal findings: Monthly data on serologically confirmed JE cases were acquired from Sibu Hospital in Sarawak from 1997 to 2006. JE vaccine coverage (non-vaccine years vs. vaccine years) and meteorological predictor variables, including temperature, rainfall and the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) were tested for their association with JE cases using Poisson time series analysis and controlling for seasonality and long-term trend. Over the 10-years surveillance period, 133 confirmed JE cases were identified. There was an estimated 61% reduction in JE risk after the introduction of vaccination, when no account is taken of the effects of climate. This reduction is only approximately 45% when the effects of inter-annual variability in climate are controlled for in the model. The Poisson model indicated that rainfall (lag 1-month), minimum temperature (lag 6-months) and SOI (lag 6-months) were positively associated with JE cases. Conclusions/significance: This study provides the first improved estimate of JE reduction through vaccination by taking account of climate inter-annual variability. Our analysis confirms that vaccination has substantially reduced JE risk in Sarawak but this benefit may be overestimated if climate effects are ignored. C1 [Impoinvil, Daniel E.; Diggle, Peter J.; Baylis, Matthew] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Climate & Infect Dis Anim Grp, Neston, Cheshire, England. [Impoinvil, Daniel E.; Solomon, Tom] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Dept Clin Infect Microbiol & Immunol, Brain Infect Grp, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ooi, Mong How] Sibu Hosp, Dept Paediat, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Diggle, Peter J.] Univ Lancaster, Fac Hlth & Med, Lancaster Med Sch, Lancaster, England. [Caminade, Cyril; Morse, Andrew P.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Dept Geog & Planning, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cardosa, Mary Jane] Univ Malaysia Sarawak, Inst Hlth & Community Med, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Baylis, Matthew; Solomon, Tom] Natl Consortium Zoonosis Res, Neston, Cheshire, England. [Solomon, Tom] Walton Ctr NHS Fdn Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. RP Impoinvil, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xda6@cdc.gov OI cyril, caminade/0000-0002-3846-7082; Solomon, Tom/0000-0001-7266-6547; Baylis, Matthew/0000-0003-0335-187X; Diggle, Peter/0000-0003-3521-5020 FU Sarawak Health Department; Wellcome Trust; United Kingdom Medical Research Council; Leverhulme Trust FX This work's original data collection was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (NBD06-05-01-T001)(URL: www.mosti.gov.my/), operational funds of Sarawak Health Department (URL: http://jknsarawak.moh.gov.my/en/), the Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery Research Fund (URL: http://www.thewaltoncentre.nhs.uk/), Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH; Seattle, WA)(www.path.org/), Wellcome Trust Clinical Training Fellowship (awarded to MHO) (www.wellcome.ac.uk/), and a United Kingdom Medical Research Council Senior Clinical Fellowship (awarded to TS) (www.mrc.ac.uk/). The analysis of the study was supported by the Leverhulme Trust Research Leadership Award: "Predicting the effects of climate change on infectious diseases of animals" (awarded to MB) (URL: www.leverhulme.ac.uk/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. The Ministry of Health approved the publication of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 8 AR e2334 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002334 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 211WE UT WOS:000323941500010 PM 23951373 ER PT J AU Samuels, AM Clark, EH Galdos-Cardenas, G Wiegand, RE Ferrufino, L Menacho, S Gil, J Spicer, J Budde, J Levy, MZ Bozo, RW Gilman, RH Bern, C AF Samuels, Aaron M. Clark, Eva H. Galdos-Cardenas, Gerson Wiegand, Ryan E. Ferrufino, Lisbeth Menacho, Silvio Gil, Jose Spicer, Jennifer Budde, Julia Levy, Michael Z. Bozo, Ricardo W. Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn CA Working Grp Chagas Disease Bolivia TI Epidemiology of and Impact of Insecticide Spraying on Chagas Disease in Communities in the Bolivian Chaco SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; TRIATOMA-INFESTANS HEMIPTERA; RURAL NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA; DOMESTIC REINFESTATION; ENDEMIC AREA; RISK-FACTORS; GRAN CHACO; TRANSMISSION; REDUVIIDAE; VECTOR AB Background: Chagas disease control campaigns relying upon residual insecticide spraying have been successful in many Southern American countries. However, in some areas, rapid reinfestation and recrudescence of transmission have occurred. Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the Bolivian Chaco to evaluate prevalence of and risk factors for T. cruzi infection 11 years after two rounds of blanket insecticide application. We used a cubic B-spline model to estimate change in force of infection over time based on age-specific seroprevalence data. Overall T. cruzi seroprevalence was 51.7%. The prevalence was 19.8% among children 2-15, 72.7% among those 15-30 and 97.1% among participants older than 30 years. Based on the model, the estimated annual force of infection was 4.3% over the two years before the first blanket spray in 2000 and fell to 0.4% for 2001-2002. The estimated annual force of infection for 2004-2005, the 2 year period following the second blanket spray, was 4.6%. However, the 95% bootstrap confidence intervals overlap for all of these estimates. In a multivariable model, only sleeping in a structure with cracks in the walls (aOR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.15-4.78), age and village of residence were associated with infection. Conclusions/Significance: As in other areas in the Chaco, we found an extremely high prevalence of Chagas disease. Despite evidence that blanket insecticide application in 2000 may have decreased the force of infection, active transmission is ongoing. Continued spraying vigilance, infestation surveillance, and systematic household improvements are necessary to disrupt and sustain interruption of infection transmission. C1 [Samuels, Aaron M.; Wiegand, Ryan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Clark, Eva H.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Galdos-Cardenas, Gerson; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ferrufino, Lisbeth] Hosp Univ Japones, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Menacho, Silvio] Ctr Salud Mental, Eiti, Gutierrez, Bolivia. [Gil, Jose] Univ Nacl Salta, Inst Invest Enfermedades Trop, Salta, Argentina. [Spicer, Jennifer; Budde, Julia] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Levy, Michael Z.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bozo, Ricardo W.] Hosp Municipal Camiri, Camiri, Bolivia. [Bern, Caryn] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Samuels, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gilmanbob@gmail.com OI Gil, Jose/0000-0003-3994-1265 FU Asociacion Benefica PRISMA; CDC Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria FX This study was supported by discretionary funds awarded to RHG from Asociacion Benefica PRISMA (www.prisma.org.pe). The participation of AMS was supported by the CDC Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria (www.cdc.gov). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 8 AR e2358 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002358 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 211WE UT WOS:000323941500023 PM 23936581 ER PT J AU Seetahal, JFR Velasco-Villa, A Allicock, OM Adesiyun, AA Bissessar, J Amour, K Phillip-Hosein, A Marston, DA McElhinney, LM Shi, M Wharwood, CA Fooks, AR Carrington, CVF AF Seetahal, Janine F. R. Velasco-Villa, Andres Allicock, Orchid M. Adesiyun, Abiodun A. Bissessar, Joseph Amour, Kirk Phillip-Hosein, Annmarie Marston, Denise A. McElhinney, Lorraine M. Shi, Mang Wharwood, Cheryl-Ann Fooks, Anthony R. Carrington, Christine V. F. TI Evolutionary History and Phylogeography of Rabies Viruses Associated with Outbreaks in Trinidad SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; BATS; DIVERSITY; BRAZIL; NUCLEOPROTEIN; LYSSAVIRUSES; SEQUENCES; DYNAMICS AB Bat rabies is an emerging disease of public health significance in the Americas. The Caribbean island of Trinidad experiences periodic outbreaks within the livestock population. We performed molecular characterisation of Trinidad rabies virus (RABV) and used a Bayesian phylogeographic approach to investigate the extent to which outbreaks are a result of in situ evolution versus importation of virus from the nearby South American mainland. Trinidadian RABV sequences were confirmed as bat variant and clustered with Desmodus rotundus (vampire bat) related sequences. They fell into two largely temporally defined lineages designated Trinidad I and II. The Trinidad I lineage which included sequences from 1997-2000 (all but two of which were from the northeast of the island) was most closely related to RABV from Ecuador (2005, 2007), French Guiana (1990) and Venezuela (1993, 1994). Trinidad II comprised sequences from the southwest of the island, which clustered into two groups: Trinidad IIa, which included one sequence each from 2000 and 2007, and Trinidad IIb including all 2010 sequences. The Trinidad II sequences were most closely related to sequences from Brazil (1999, 2004) and Uruguay (2007, 2008). Phylogeographic analyses support three separate RABV introductions from the mainland from which each of the three Trinidadian lineages arose. The estimated dates for the introductions and subsequent lineage expansions suggest periods of in situ evolution within Trinidad following each introduction. These data also indicate co-circulation of Trinidad lineage I and IIa during 2000. In light of these findings and the likely vampire bat origin of Trinidadian RABV, further studies should be conducted to investigate the relationship between RABV spatiotemporal dynamics and vampire bat population ecology, in particular any movement between the mainland and Trinidad. C1 [Seetahal, Janine F. R.; Allicock, Orchid M.; Carrington, Christine V. F.] Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Seetahal, Janine F. R.; Bissessar, Joseph] Minist Food Prod, Vet Diagnost Lab, Champs Fleurs, Trinid & Tobago. [Velasco-Villa, Andres; Shi, Mang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adesiyun, Abiodun A.] Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, Sch Vet Med, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Amour, Kirk; Wharwood, Cheryl-Ann] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Centeno, Trinid & Tobago. [Phillip-Hosein, Annmarie] Penal Demonstrat Stn, Penal, Trinid & Tobago. [Marston, Denise A.; McElhinney, Lorraine M.; Fooks, Anthony R.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Wildlife Zoonoses & Vector Borne Dis Res Grp, Addlestone, Surrey, England. RP Seetahal, JFR (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. EM christine.carrington@sta.uwi.edu RI McElhinney, Lorraine/C-7997-2011; Marston, Denise/D-7993-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Fooks, Anthony/F-5418-2010 OI McElhinney, Lorraine/0000-0002-6022-348X; Marston, Denise/0000-0001-9215-088X; FU University of the West Indies (Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences); UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) [SE423, SE0247]; EU [19 228292] FX This work was supported by grants from the University of the West Indies (Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences), the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA Grants SE423 and SE0247) and by the EU FP7-funded Research Infrastructure Grant European Virus Archive (no. 19 228292). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 44 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 7 IS 8 AR e2365 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002365 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 211WE UT WOS:000323941500030 PM 23991230 ER PT J AU Caldwell, KL Pan, Y Mortensen, ME Makhmudov, A Merrill, L Moye, J AF Caldwell, Kathleen L. Pan, Yi Mortensen, Mary E. Makhmudov, Amir Merrill, Lori Moye, John TI Iodine Status in Pregnant Women in the National Children's Study and in US Women (15-44 Years), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; URINARY IODINE; MILK; AGE AB Background: This report presents iodine data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and from a sample of pregnant women in the National Children's Study (NCS) Vanguard Study. Methods: Urinary iodine (UI) was measured in a one third subsample of NHANES 2005-2006 and 2009-2010 participants and in all 2007-2008 participants age 6 years and older. These measurements are representative of the general U.S. population. UI was also measured in a convenience sample of 501 pregnant women enrolled in the NCS initial Vanguard Study from seven study sites across the United States. Results: NHANES median UI concentration in 2009-2010 (144 mu g/L) was significantly lower than in 2007-2008 (164 mu g/L). Non-Hispanic blacks had the lowest UI concentrations (131 mu g/L) compared with non-Hispanic whites or Hispanics (147 and 148 mu g/L, respectively). The median for all pregnant women in NHANES 2005-2010 was less than adequate (129 mu g/L), while third trimester women had UI concentrations that were adequate (median UI 172 mu g/L). Third trimester women participating in the NCS similarly had an adequate level of iodine intake, with a median UI concentration of 167 mu g/L. Furthermore, NCS median UI concentrations varied by geographic location. Conclusions: Dairy, but not salt, seafood, or grain consumption, was significantly positively associated with median UI concentration in women of childbearing age. Pregnant women in their third trimester in the NHANES 2005-2010 had adequate median UI concentrations, but pregnant women in NHANES who were in their first or second trimesters had median UI concentrations that were less than adequate. Non-Hispanic black pregnant women from both the NHANES 2005-20010 and the NCS consistently had lower UI median concentrations than non-Hispanic whites or Hispanics. C1 [Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Pan, Yi; Mortensen, Mary E.; Makhmudov, Amir] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Merrill, Lori] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Moye, John] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Natl Childrens Study Program Off, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Caldwell, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-18, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM klc7@cdc.gov OI moye, john/0000-0001-9976-8586 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health; NICHD [HHSN275200503414C, HHSN275200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN275200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, HHSN275200503396C]; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This analysis was conducted as part of the National Children's Study, supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and funded, through its appropriation, by the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health. Supported by NICHD Contracts HHSN275200503414C, HHSN275200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN275200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, and HHSN275200503396C. The manuscript was developed by a Writing Team identified by the National Children's Study Publications Committee for the purpose of timely sharing of centrally collected NCS data. In addition, funding for the biospecimen analyses was provided by the National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Children's Study or the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 23 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 927 EP 937 DI 10.1089/thy.2013.0012 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 203RK UT WOS:000323310500004 PM 23488982 ER PT J AU Buscher, A Mugavero, M Westfall, AO Keruly, J Moore, R Drainoni, ML Sullivan, M Wilson, TE Rodriguez, A Metsch, L Gardner, L Marks, G Malitz, F Giordano, TP AF Buscher, April Mugavero, Michael Westfall, Andrew O. Keruly, Jeanne Moore, Richard Drainoni, Mari-Lynn Sullivan, Meg Wilson, Tracey E. Rodriguez, Allan Metsch, Lisa Gardner, Lytt Marks, Gary Malitz, Faye Giordano, Thomas P. TI The Association of Clinical Follow-Up Intervals in HIV-Infected Persons with Viral Suppression on Subsequent Viral Suppression SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; MISSED VISITS; UNITED-STATES; CARE; PREDICTORS; RETENTION; HAART; COST; RISK AB The recommendation for the frequency for routine clinical monitoring of persons with well-controlled HIV infection is based on evidence that relies on observed rather than intended follow-up intervals. We sought to determine if the scheduled follow-up interval is associated with subsequent virologic failure. Participants in this 6-clinic retrospective cohort study had an index clinic visit in 2008 and HIV viral load (VL) <= 400 c/mL. Univariate and multivariate tests evaluated if scheduling the next follow-up appointment at 3, 4, or 6 months predicted VL >400 c/mL at 12 months (VF). Among 2171 participants, 66%, 26%, and 8% were scheduled next follow-up visits at 3, 4, and 6 months, respectively. With missing 12-month VL considered VF, 25%, 25%, and 24% of persons scheduled at 3, 4, and 6 months had VF, respectively (p = 0.95). Excluding persons with missing 12-month VL, 7.1%, 5.7%, and 4.5% had VF, respectively (p = 0.35). Multivariable models yielded nonsignificant odds of VF by scheduled follow-up interval both when missing 12-month VL were considered VF and when persons with missing 12-month VL were excluded. We conclude that clinicians are able to make safe decisions extending follow-up intervals in persons with viral suppression, at least in the short-term. C1 [Buscher, April; Giordano, Thomas P.] Baylor Coll Med, Thomas St Hlth Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buscher, April; Giordano, Thomas P.] Michale E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mugavero, Michael; Westfall, Andrew O.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, UAB Ctr AIDS Res, Birmingham, AL USA. [Mugavero, Michael; Westfall, Andrew O.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, UAB Clin 1917, Birmingham, AL USA. [Keruly, Jeanne; Moore, Richard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] ENRM Mem VA Hosp, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Boston, MA USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Sullivan, Meg] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Wilson, Tracey E.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Rodriguez, Allan; Metsch, Lisa] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. [Gardner, Lytt; Marks, Gary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malitz, Faye] Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Giordano, TP (reprint author), Michale E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tpg@bcm.tmc.edu OI Westfall, Andrew/0000-0002-0468-4695 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2007-23685, 200-2007-23690, 200-2007-23689, 200-2007-23687, 200-2007-23684, 200-2007-23692]; Health Resources and Services Administration; NIH [T32AI07456] FX This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Contracts 200-2007-23685 (Baylor College of Medicine), 200-2007-23690 (Boston Medical Center), 200-2007-23689 (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine), 200-2007-23687 (Research Foundation of the State University of New York, SUNY Downstate Med Center), 200-2007-23684 (University of Alabama-Birmingham), and 200-2007-23692 (University of Miami Miller School of Medicine). The agencies funding the contracts were the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Resources and Services Administration. The funding agencies were involved in all aspects of the study. Dr. Buscher was supported by NIH Grant T32AI07456. Dr. Giordano had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD AUG PY 2013 VL 27 IS 8 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1089/apc.2013.0105 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 207OA UT WOS:000323609700004 PM 23886048 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Maines, TR Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Maines, Taronna R. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Considerations regarding appropriate sample size for conducting ferret transmission experiments SO FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ferret; influenza; transmission ID INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS; MODEL; HA AB Evaluation of: Nishiura H, Yen H-L, Cowling BJ. Sample size considerations for one-to-one animal transmission studies of the influenza A viruses. PLoS ONE 8(1), e55358 (2013). There is an urgent need to model in a laboratory setting the capacity of wild-type influenza viruses to transmit between mammals, to determine the molecular determinants and identify biological properties that confer influenza virus transmissibility, and to explore both pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical methods to inhibit virus transmission. Owing to its close physiologic match to humans, researchers typically utilize the ferret to measure influenza virus transmissibility. Nishiura et al. highlight the dilemma facing researchers utilizing the ferret transmission model: how to provide high-quality data to guide public health efforts, while ensuring the ethical use of animals in limited-size, individual, one-to-one transmission experiments. However, the responsible interpretation of data generated using this model can overcome this potential limitation. A closer examination of previously published studies utilizing this model as it is currently employed reveals that the sample size' of these studies is not always as small as it may appear. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Maines, Taronna R.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0913 J9 FUTURE MICROBIOL JI Future Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 8 IS 8 BP 961 EP 965 DI 10.2217/FMB.13.64 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 202PG UT WOS:000323229800009 PM 23902143 ER PT J AU Onyeabor, OS Iriemenam, N Adekeye, OA Rachel, SA AF Onyeabor, Onyekachi Sunny Iriemenam, Nnaemeka Adekeye, Oluwatoyosi A. Rachel, Sharon A. TI The Effect of Educational Attainment on HIV Testing Among African Americans SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED LA English DT Article DE HIV; testing; education; African American ID UNITED-STATES; PERSONS AWARE; HEALTH-CARE; PREVENTION; RISK; TRANSMISSION; BEHAVIORS; MEN; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE AB A person is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) every nine and half minutes in the United States.(1,2) Moreover, one in five people infected with HIV in the United States does not know their status.(3) While African Americans make up just 14% of the United States population, they constitute 44% of new HIV infections each year in the United States.(4) This study examined the relationship between level of education and HIV testing among African Americans. A sample of 3,254 African American men and women between 18-84 years of age was isolated from the 2008 National Health Interview Survey and analyzed. The results revealed that African Americans with greater educational attainment (high school diploma or greater) are more likely to report having been tested for HIV than those who have not graduated from high school. C1 [Onyeabor, Onyekachi Sunny; Rachel, Sharon A.] Morehouse Sch Med, SHLI, Atlanta Sw, GA 30310 USA. [Iriemenam, Nnaemeka] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Iriemenam, Nnaemeka] Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, Lagos, Nigeria. [Adekeye, Oluwatoyosi A.] Morehouse Sch Med, Natl Ctr Primary Care, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. RP Onyeabor, OS (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, SHLI, 720 Westview Dr, Atlanta Sw, GA 30310 USA. EM sonyeabor@msm.edu NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1049-2089 J9 J HEALTH CARE POOR U JI J. Health Care Poor Underserved PD AUG PY 2013 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1247 EP 1256 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206OR UT WOS:000323532500025 PM 23974395 ER PT J AU Logan, J Liu, Y Paulozzi, L Zhang, K Jones, C AF Logan, Joseph Liu, Ying Paulozzi, Leonard Zhang, Kun Jones, Christopher TI Opioid Prescribing in Emergency Departments The Prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing and Misuse SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE opioid analgesics; emergency department; prescription practices ID CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; DRUG OVERDOSE DEATHS; UNITED-STATES; CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES; ABUSE; ANALGESICS; PATTERNS; GUIDELINES; GENDER; TRENDS AB Objective: Emergency departments (EDs) routinely provide care for patients seeking treatment for painful conditions; however, they are also targeted by people seeking opioid analgesics for nonmedical use. This study determined the prevalence of indicators of potential ED opioid misuse and inappropriate prescription practices by ED providers in a large, commercially insured, adult population. Research Design and Indicators: We analyzed the 2009 Truven Health MarketScan((R)) Research Databases to examine the ED visits of enrollees aged 18-64 years. Indicators used to mark potential inappropriate use included opioid prescriptions overlapping by one week or more; overlapping opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions; high daily doses ( >= 100 morphine milligram equivalents); long-acting/extended-release (LA/ER) opioids for acute pain, and overlapping LA/ER opioids. Analyses were stratified by sex. Results: We identified 400,288 enrollees who received at least one ED opioid prescription. At least one indicator applied to 10.3% of enrollees: 7.7% had high daily doses; 2.0% had opioid overlap; 1.0% had opioid-benzodiazepine overlap. Among LA/ER opioid prescriptions, 21.7% were for acute pain, and 14.6% were overlapping. Females were more likely to have at least one indicator. Conclusions: In some instances, the prescribing of opioid analgesics in EDs might not be optimal in terms of minimizing the risk of their misuse. Guidelines for the cautious use of opioid analgesics in EDs and timely data from prescription drug monitoring programs could help EDs treat patients with pain while reducing the risk of nonmedical use. C1 [Logan, Joseph; Liu, Ying; Paulozzi, Leonard; Zhang, Kun; Jones, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIPC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Logan, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIPC, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa3@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 8 BP 646 EP 653 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e318293c2c0 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 202OX UT WOS:000323228500004 PM 23632597 ER PT J AU Skogerbo, A Kesmodel, US Denny, CH Kjaersgaard, MIS Wimberley, T Landro, NI Mortensen, EL AF Skogerbo, A. Kesmodel, U. S. Denny, C. H. Kjaersgaard, M. I. S. Wimberley, T. Landro, N. I. Mortensen, E. L. TI The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in 5-year-old children: a prospective cohort study on 1628 children SO BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behaviour; binge drinking; low to moderate alcohol consumption; neurodevelopmental effects; prenatal exposures; SDQ; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; DIFFICULTIES QUESTIONNAIRE; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; EXPOSURE; WOMEN; ATTENTION; RISK; INTELLIGENCE; INFORMATION; STRENGTHS AB Objective To examine the effects of low to moderate maternal alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on behaviour in children at the age of 5years. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Neuropsychological testing in four Danish cities, 2003-2008. Population A total of 1628 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Methods Participants were sampled based on maternal alcohol drinking patterns during early pregnancy. When the children were 5years of age the parent and teacher versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were completed by the mothers and a preschool teacher, respectively. The full statistical model included the following potential confounding factors: maternal binge drinking or low to moderate alcohol consumption, respectively; parental education; maternal IQ; prenatal maternal smoking; the child's age at testing; the child's gender; maternal age; parity; maternal marital status; family home environment; postnatal parental smoking; prepregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI); and the child's health status. Main outcome measure Behaviour among children assessed by the SDQ parent and teacher forms. Results Adjusted for all potential confounding factors, no statistically significant associations were observed between maternal low to moderate average weekly alcohol consumption and SDQ behavioural scores (OR1.1, 95%CI 0.5-2.3; OR1.1, 95%CI 0.6-2.1 for the total difficulties scores) or between binge drinking and SDQ behavioural scores (OR1.2, 95%CI 0.8-1.7; OR0.8, 95%CI 0.6-1.2). Conclusion This study observed no consistent effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption or binge drinking in early pregnancy on offspring behaviour at the age of 5years. C1 [Skogerbo, A.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Publ Hlth, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ, Epidemiol Sect, Dept Publ Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark. [Kesmodel, U. S.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Denny, C. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kjaersgaard, M. I. S.; Wimberley, T.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Biostat Sect, Aarhus, Denmark. [Landro, N. I.] Univ Oslo, Dept Psychol, Ctr Study Human Cognit, Oslo, Norway. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Publ Hlth, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Mortensen, E. L.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Hlth Aging, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Skogerbo, A (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Med Psychol Unit, Dept Publ Hlth, Oster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. EM aask@sund.ku.dk FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA FX This study was supported primarily by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 14 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1470-0328 J9 BJOG-INT J OBSTET GY JI BJOG PD AUG PY 2013 VL 120 IS 9 BP 1042 EP 1050 DI 10.1111/1471-0528.12208 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 179AF UT WOS:000321488100029 PM 23837773 ER PT J AU Bombard, JM Farr, SL Dietz, PM Tong, VT Zhang, L Rabius, V AF Bombard, Jennifer M. Farr, Sherry L. Dietz, Patricia M. Tong, Van T. Zhang, Lei Rabius, Vance TI Telephone Smoking Cessation Quitline Use Among Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Female; Pregnancy; Smoking cessation; Telephone counseling ID REPRODUCTIVE AGE; THERAPY; SMOKERS; TRIAL AB To describe characteristics, referrals, service utilization, and self-reported quit rates among pregnant and non-pregnant women enrolled in a smoking cessation quitline. This information can be used to improve strategies to increase pregnant and non-pregnant smokers' use of quitlines. We examined tobacco use characteristics, referral sources, and use of services among 1,718 pregnant and 24,321 non-pregnant women aged 18-44 years enrolled in quitline services in 10 states during 2006-2008. We examined self-reported 30-day quit rates 7 months after enrollment among 246 pregnant and 4,123 non-pregnant women and, within groups, used Chi-square tests to compare quit rates by type of service received. The majority of pregnant and non-pregnant callers, respectively, smoked a parts per thousand yen10 cigarettes per day (62 %; 83 %), had recently attempted to quit (55 %; 58 %), smoked 5 or minutes after waking (59 %; 55 %), and lived with a smoker (63 %; 48 %). Of callers, 24.3 % of pregnant and 36.4 % of non-pregnant women were uninsured. Pregnant callers heard about the quitline most often from a health care provider (50 %) and non-pregnant callers most often through mass media (59 %). Over half of pregnant (52 %) and non-pregnant (57 %) women received self-help materials only, the remainder received counseling. Self-reported quit rates at 7 months after enrollment in the subsample were 26.4 % for pregnant women and 22.6 % for non-pregnant women. Quitlines provide needed services for pregnant and non-pregnant smokers, many of whom are uninsured. Smokers should be encouraged to access counseling services. C1 [Bombard, Jennifer M.; Farr, Sherry L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Tong, Van T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zhang, Lei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rabius, Vance] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Bombard, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbombard@cdc.gov OI Tong, Van/0000-0002-3970-1440 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016672] NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 6 BP 989 EP 995 DI 10.1007/s10995-012-1076-x PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 183AF UT WOS:000321785300002 PM 22798140 ER PT J AU Dietz, PM Rizzo, JH England, LJ Callaghan, WM Vesco, KK Bruce, FC Bulkley, JE Sharma, AJ Hornbrook, MC AF Dietz, Patricia M. Rizzo, Joanne H. England, Lucinda J. Callaghan, William M. Vesco, Kimberly K. Bruce, F. Carol Bulkley, Joanna E. Sharma, Andrea J. Hornbrook, Mark C. TI Health Care Utilization in the First Year of Life among Small- and Large- for-Gestational Age Term Infants SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Low birth weight; Fetal growth restriction; Large for gestational age; Macrosomia; Health care utilization ID PRETERM INFANTS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; RISK AB The objective of the study was to assess if small- and large-for gestational age term infants have greater health care utilization during the first year of life. The sample included 28,215 singleton term infants (37-42 weeks) without major birth defects delivered from 1998 through 2007 and continuously enrolled at Kaiser Permanente Northwest for 12 months after delivery. Birth weight for gestational age was categorized into 3 levels: < 10th percentile (SGA), 10-90th percentile (AGA), > 90th percentile (LGA). Length of delivery hospitalization, re-hospitalizations and sick/emergency room visits were obtained from electronic records. Logistic regression models estimated associations between birth weight category and re-hospitalization. Generalized linear models estimated adjusted mean number of sick/emergency visits. Among term infants, 6.2 % were SGA and 13.9 % were LGA. Of infants born by cesarean section, SGA infants had 2.7 higher odds [95 % 1.9, 3.8] than AGA infants of staying a parts per thousand yen5 nights during the delivery hospitalization; of those born vaginally, SGA infants had 1.5 higher adjusted odds [95 % 1.1, 2.1] of staying a parts per thousand yen4 nights. LGA compared to AGA infants had higher odds of re-hospitalization within 2 weeks of delivery [OR 1.25, 95 % CI 0.99, 1.58] and of a length of stay a parts per thousand yen4 days during that hospitalization [OR 2.6, 95 % CI 1.3, 5.0]. The adjusted mean number of sick/emergency room visits was slightly higher in SGA (7.8) than AGA (7.5) infants (P < .05). Term infants born SGA or LGA had greater health care utilization than their counterparts, although the increase in utilization beyond the initial delivery hospitalization was small. C1 [Dietz, Patricia M.; England, Lucinda J.; Callaghan, William M.; Bruce, F. Carol; Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rizzo, Joanne H.; Vesco, Kimberly K.; Bulkley, Joanna E.; Hornbrook, Mark C.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Dietz, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM PAD8@cdc.gov OI Bulkley, Joanna/0000-0001-8293-2079; Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1016 EP 1024 DI 10.1007/s10995-012-1082-z PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 183AF UT WOS:000321785300005 PM 22855007 ER PT J AU Weintraub, S Bauer, PJ Zelazo, PD Wallner-Allen, K Dikmen, SS Heaton, RK Tulsky, DS Slotkin, J Blitz, DL Carlozzi, NE Havlik, RJ Beaumont, JL Mungas, D Manly, JJ Borosh, BG Nowinski, CJ Gershon, RC AF Weintraub, Sandra Bauer, Patricia J. Zelazo, Philip David Wallner-Allen, Kathleen Dikmen, Sureyya S. Heaton, Robert K. Tulsky, David S. Slotkin, Jerry Blitz, David L. Carlozzi, Noelle E. Havlik, Richard J. Beaumont, Jennifer L. Mungas, Dan Manly, Jennifer J. Borosh, Beth G. Nowinski, Cindy J. Gershon, Richard C. TI I. NIH TOOLBOX COGNITION BATTERY (CB): INTRODUCTION AND PEDIATRIC DATA SO MONOGRAPHS OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST-PERFORMANCE; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; CHILDHOOD; CHILDREN; DISABILITIES; ELDERS; SPEED AB This monograph presents the pediatric portion of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB) of the NIH Toolbox for the Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. The NIH Toolbox is an initiative of the Neuroscience Blueprint, a collaborative framework through which 16 NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, to accelerate discoveries and reduce the burden of nervous system disorders. The CB is one of four modules that measure cognitive, emotional, sensory, and motor health across the lifespan. The CB is unique in its continuity across childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, and old age, and in order to help create a common currency among disparate studies, it is also available at low cost to researchers for use in large-scale longitudinal and epidemiologic studies. This chapter describes the evolution of the CB; methods for selecting cognitive subdomains and instruments; the rationale for test design; and a validation study in children and adolescents, ages 3-15 years. Subsequent chapters feature detailed discussions of each test measure and its psychometric properties (Chapters 2-6), the factor structure of the test battery (Chapter 7), the effects of age and education on composite test scores (Chapter 8), and a final summary and discussion (Chapter 9). As the chapters in this monograph demonstrate, the CB has excellent psychometric properties, and the validation study provided evidence for the increasing differentiation of cognitive abilities with age. C1 [Weintraub, Sandra] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Cognit Neurol & Alzheimers Dis Center, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Zelazo, Philip David] Univ Minnesota, Inst Child Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurosurg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Tulsky, David S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Tulsky, David S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Rehabil Outcomes & Assessment Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Slotkin, Jerry; Blitz, David L.; Beaumont, Jennifer L.; Nowinski, Cindy J.; Gershon, Richard C.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med Social Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Carlozzi, Noelle E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Rehabil Outcomes & Assessment Res, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mungas, Dan] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Manly, Jennifer J.] Columbia Univ, GH Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Manly, Jennifer J.] Columbia Univ, Taub Inst Res Aging & Alzheimers Dis, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Borosh, Beth G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Psychiat, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Weintraub, S (reprint author), Northwestern Feinberg Sch Med, Cognit Neurol & Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. EM sweintraub@northwestern.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010129, R01 AG010220]; NIMH NIH HHS [P30 MH062512] NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0037-976X J9 MONOGR SOC RES CHILD JI Monogr. Soc. Res. Child Dev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 78 IS 4 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1111/mono.12031 PG 15 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 201YE UT WOS:000323178200001 PM 23952199 ER PT J AU Bauer, PJ Dikmen, SS Heaton, RK Mungas, D Slotkin, J Beaumont, JL AF Bauer, Patricia J. Dikmen, Sureyya S. Heaton, Robert K. Mungas, Dan Slotkin, Jerry Beaumont, Jennifer L. TI III. NIH TOOLBOX COGNITION BATTERY (CB): MEASURING EPISODIC MEMORY SO MONOGRAPHS OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL ACCOUNT; DEVELOPMENTAL AMNESIA; DECLARATIVE MEMORY; ACTION SEQUENCES; TEMPORAL-LOBE; HUMAN BRAIN; MATURATION; CHILDHOOD; CORTEX AB One of the most significant domains of cognition is episodic memory, which allows for rapid acquisition and long-term storage of new information. For purposes of the NIH Toolbox, we devised a new test of episodic memory. The nonverbal NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory Test (TPSMT) requires participants to reproduce the order of an arbitrarily ordered sequence of pictures presented on a computer. To adjust for ability, sequence length varies from 6 to 15 pictures. Multiple trials are administered to increase reliability. Pediatric data from the validation study revealed the TPSMT to be sensitive to age-related changes. The task also has high test-retest reliability and promising construct validity. Steps to further increase the sensitivity of the instrument to individual and age-related variability are described. C1 [Bauer, Patricia J.] Emory Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurosurg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] NINDS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Mungas, Dan] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Slotkin, Jerry; Beaumont, Jennifer L.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med Social Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Bauer, PJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Psychol, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM patricia.bauer@emory.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010129, R01 AG010220]; NIMH NIH HHS [P30 MH062512] NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0037-976X J9 MONOGR SOC RES CHILD JI Monogr. Soc. Res. Child Dev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 78 IS 4 BP 34 EP 48 DI 10.1111/mono.12033 PG 15 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 201YE UT WOS:000323178200003 PM 23952201 ER PT J AU Akshoomoff, N Beaumont, JL Bauer, PJ Dikmen, SS Gershon, RC Mungas, D Slotkin, J Tulsky, D Weintraub, S Zelazo, PD Heaton, RK AF Akshoomoff, Natacha Beaumont, Jennifer L. Bauer, Patricia J. Dikmen, Sureyya S. Gershon, Richard C. Mungas, Dan Slotkin, Jerry Tulsky, David Weintraub, Sandra Zelazo, Philip David Heaton, Robert K. TI VIII. NIH TOOLBOX COGNITION BATTERY (CB): COMPOSITE SCORES OF CRYSTALLIZED, FLUID, AND OVERALL COGNITION SO MONOGRAPHS OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID INTELLIGENCE; ABILITIES AB The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB) includes 7 tests covering 6 cognitive abilities. This chapter describes the psychometric characteristics in children ages 3-15 years of a total summary score and composite scores reflecting two major types of cognition: crystallized (more dependent upon past learning experiences) and fluid (capacity for new learning and information processing in novel situations). Both types of cognition are considered important in everyday functioning, but are thought to be differently affected by brain health status throughout life, from early childhood through older adulthood. All three Toolbox composite scores showed excellent test-retest reliability, robust developmental effects across the childhood age range considered here, and strong correlations with established measures of similar abilities. Additional preliminary evidence of validity includes significant associations between all three Toolbox composite scores and maternal reports of children's health status and school performance. C1 [Akshoomoff, Natacha] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Beaumont, Jennifer L.; Gershon, Richard C.; Slotkin, Jerry] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med Social Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bauer, Patricia J.] Emory Univ, Emory Coll Arts & Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurosurg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Univ Washington, Dept Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dikmen, Sureyya S.] NINDS, NIDRR, DoD, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mungas, Dan] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tulsky, David] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Tulsky, David] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Rehabil Outcomes & Assessment Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Weintraub, Sandra] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Cognit Neurol & Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Zelazo, Philip David] Univ Minnesota, Inst Child Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Amer Psychol Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Amer Psychol Assoc, Int Neuropsychol Soc, Washington, DC USA. [Heaton, Robert K.] Amer Psychol Assoc, Clin Neuropsychol Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Heaton, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rheaton@ucsd.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010129, R01 AG010220]; NIMH NIH HHS [P30 MH062512] NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0037-976X J9 MONOGR SOC RES CHILD JI Monogr. Soc. Res. Child Dev. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 78 IS 4 BP 119 EP 132 DI 10.1111/mono.12038 PG 14 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 201YE UT WOS:000323178200008 PM 23952206 ER PT J AU Pickering, LK Walton, LR AF Pickering, Larry K. Walton, L. Reed TI Vaccines in the Pipeline: The Path from Development to Use in the United States SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION AB New vaccines in the United States go through a complex process on their path from development to the domestic market involving an intricate partnership of public and private agencies and organizations. This process includes licensure by the US Food and Drug Administration, the development of recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, and safety oversight post-licensure. This article examines the roles of the US Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as well as certain professional organizations in governing the testing, marketing, and usage of new vaccines. Vaccines currently in development to treat numerous infectious and noninfectious diseases are also examined and compared with frameworks of domestic vaccine development prioritization, past and present, as assessed by the Institute of Medicine. C1 [Pickering, Larry K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pickering, Larry K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Walton, L. Reed] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pickering, LK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A27, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LPickering@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 EI 1938-2359 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Ann. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 8 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.3928/00904481-20130723-08 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 204AY UT WOS:000323338100001 PM 23910027 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Cogswell, ME Ma, C Gonzalez-Feliciano, A Olney, RS Correa, A Shaw, GM AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Cogswell, Mary E. Ma, Chen Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo Olney, Richard S. Correa, Adolfo Shaw, Gary M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Hypospadias and Maternal Intake of Phytoestrogens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth defects; diet; hypospadias; nutrition; phytoestrogen ID FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; PROSTATE-CANCER RISK; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; SOY ISOFLAVONES; ESTROGEN; GENISTEIN; EXPOSURE; CRYPTORCHIDISM AB Experimental data indicate that gestational exposures to estrogenic compounds impact risk of hypospadias. We examined whether risk of hypospadias (i.e., a congenital malformation in which the opening of the penile urethra occurs on the ventral side of the penis) was associated with maternal intake of phytoestrogens, given their potential impact on estrogen metabolism. The analysis included data on mothers of 1,250 hypospadias cases and 3,118 controls who delivered their infants from 1997 to 2005 and participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multistate, population-based, case-control study. After adjustment for several covariates, high intakes of daidzein, genistein, glycetin, secoisolariciresinol, total isoflavones, total lignans, and total phytoestrogens were associated with reduced risks; odds ratios comparing intakes 90th percentile with intakes between the 11th and 89th percentiles ranged from 0.6 to 0.8. For example, the odds ratio for total phytoestrogen intake was 0.7 (95 confidence interval: 0.5, 1.0). This study represents the first large-scale analysis of phytoestrogen intake and hypospadias. The observed associations merit investigation in additional populations before firm conclusions can be reached. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Ma, Chen; Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olney, Richard S.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 1265 Welch Rd,Room X111, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM scarmichael@stanford.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 ES017060, R03 HD058873]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [6U01DD000489, PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001]; Nutrition Epidemiology Core of the University of North Carolina Clinical Nutrition Research Center [DK56350] FX This project was partially supported by grants R01 ES017060 and R03 HD058873 from the National Institutes of Health and by grant 6U01DD000489 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; through cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081, and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study; and by grant DK56350 from the Nutrition Epidemiology Core of the University of North Carolina Clinical Nutrition Research Center. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 3 BP 434 EP 440 DI 10.1093/aje/kws591 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 195WO UT WOS:000322734500012 PM 23752918 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Gonzalez-Feliciano, A Ding, HL Bryan, LN Yankey, D Monsell, EA Greby, SM Euler, GL AF Lu, Peng-jun Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo Ding, Helen Bryan, Leah N. Yankey, David Monsell, Elizabeth A. Greby, Stacie M. Euler, Gary L. TI Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent and seasonal influenza vaccination among adults 25 to 64 years of age with high-risk conditions-United States, 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Influenza vaccine; BRFSS; Multivariable logistic regression; H1N1 vaccination ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE; SELF-REPORT; COVERAGE; ASTHMA; CHILDREN; VALIDITY; A(H1N1); HEALTH; US AB Background: Seasonal influenza vaccination has been routinely recommended for adults with high-risk conditions. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended that persons 25 to 64 years of age with high-risk conditions be one of the initial target groups to receive H1N1 vaccination during the 2009-2010 season. Methods: We used data from the 2009-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Vaccination levels of H1N1 and seasonal influenza vaccination among respondents 25 to 64 years with high-risk conditions were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination. Results: Overall, 24.8% of adults 25 to 64 years of age were identified to have high-risk conditions. Among adults 25 to 64 years of age with high-risk conditions, H1N1 and seasonal vaccination coverage were 26.3% and 47.6%, respectively. Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of H1N1 vaccination were as follows: higher age; Hispanic race/ethnicity; medical insurance; ability to see a doctor if needed; having a primary doctor; a routine checkup in the previous year; not being a current smoker; and having high-risk conditions other than asthma, diabetes, and heart disease. Characteristics independently associated with seasonal influenza vaccination were similar compared with factors associated with H1N1 vaccination. Conclusion: Immunization programs should work with provider organizations to review efforts made to reach adults with high-risk conditions during the recent pandemic and assess how and where they can increase vaccination coverage during future pandemics. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo; Ding, Helen; Bryan, Leah N.; Yankey, David; Monsell, Elizabeth A.; Greby, Stacie M.; Euler, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 8 BP 702 EP 709 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.10.027 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 194NX UT WOS:000322641100010 PM 23419613 ER PT J AU Person, CJ Nadeau, JA Schaffzin, JK Pollock, L Wallace, BJ McNutt, LA Blog, D AF Person, Cara J. Nadeau, Jessica A. Schaffzin, Joshua K. Pollock, Lynn Wallace, Barbara J. McNutt, Louise Ann Blog, Debra TI Influenza immunization coverage of residents and employees of long-term care facilities in New York State, 2000-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccination; Infection control; Vaccination rates ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; WORKERS; PERSONNEL; DEATHS; POLICY AB We describe influenza immunization coverage trends from the New York State (NYS) Department of Health long-term care facility (LTCF) reports. Overall median immunization coverage levels for NYS LTCF residents and employees were 84.0% (range: 81.6%-86.0%) and 37.7% (range: 32.7%-50.0%), respectively. LTCF resident immunization coverage levels in NYS have neared the Healthy People 2020 target of 90% but have not achieved high LTCF employee coverage, suggesting a need for more regulatory interventions. Copyright (C) 2013 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Person, Cara J.; Schaffzin, Joshua K.; Wallace, Barbara J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis Control, Albany, NY USA. [Person, Cara J.] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists Appl Epidemi, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nadeau, Jessica A.; McNutt, Louise Ann] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Pollock, Lynn; Blog, Debra] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Immunizat, Albany, NY USA. RP Person, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, MS F58,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cjperson@live.unc.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 8 BP 743 EP 745 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.025 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 194NX UT WOS:000322641100018 PM 23790670 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Harrison, R Rosenberg, J McLendon, P Boston, E Lindley, MC AF Lee, Soo Jeong Harrison, Robert Rosenberg, Jon McLendon, Patricia Boston, Erica Lindley, Megan C. TI Influenza vaccination among health care personnel in California: 2010-2011 influenza season SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Health care worker; Vaccination surveillance ID DECLINATION STATEMENTS; NURSING-HOMES; UNITED-STATES; WORKERS; RATES; STAFF; FACILITIES; RESIDENTS; HOSPITALS; TRIAL AB Background: Influenza vaccination among health care personnel (HCP) is a key measure to prevent influenza infection and transmission in health care settings. This study described influenza vaccination coverage among employees in various health care settings in California and examined factors associated with HCP influenza vaccination. Methods: This study analyzed data from 111 facilities recruited through statewide invitation. Data on facility characteristics, vaccination programs, and vaccination receipt within and outside facilities were collected using Web-based questionnaires. Employees were defined as all persons in the facility payroll system regardless of patient contact. Facility-level employee vaccination coverage was calculated for 91 facilities. Results: The mean employee influenza vaccination coverage was 60.7% overall: 64.0% for acute care hospitals (n = 30), 54.7% for long-term care facilities (n = 22), 59.4% for ambulatory surgery centers (n = 8), 58.6% for dialysis centers (n = 25), and 77.2% for physician practices (n = 6). Vaccination promotion methods such as risk-benefit education, personal reminders, and vaccination data tracking and feedback were significantly associated with increased vaccination coverage. Conclusion: The study findings suggest some variations in HCP vaccination coverage by type of health care setting as well as substantial challenges in reaching the Healthy People 2020 goal of 90%. Health care facilities need to use comprehensive promotion methods to improve HCP influenza vaccinations. Copyright (C) 2013 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Soo Jeong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Harrison, Robert; Boston, Erica] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Occupat Hlth Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Rosenberg, Jon; McLendon, Patricia] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Healthcare Associated Infect Program, Richmond, CA USA. [Lindley, Megan C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Dept Community Hlth Syst, 2 Koret Way,Suite N-505, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Soo-Jeong.Lee@nursing.ucsf.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement (salary support to S.J.L.). NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2013 VL 41 IS 8 BP E65 EP E71 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.10.014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 194NX UT WOS:000322641100001 PM 23394860 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Yi, SH Booth, S Bren, V Downham, G Hess, S Kelley, K Lincoln, M Morrissette, K Lindberg, C Jernigan, JA Kallen, AJ AF Patel, Priti R. Yi, Sarah H. Booth, Stephanie Bren, Virginia Downham, Gemma Hess, Sally Kelley, Karen Lincoln, Mary Morrissette, Kathy Lindberg, Curt Jernigan, John A. Kallen, Alexander J. TI Bloodstream Infection Rates in Outpatient Hemodialysis Facilities Participating in a Collaborative Prevention Effort: A Quality Improvement Report SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Dialysis; infection control; bacteremia; quality improvement; catheter-related infections; vascular access devices ID VASCULAR ACCESS INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; SURVEILLANCE; EXPERIENCE; CENTERS AB Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) cause substantial morbidity in hemodialysis patients. In 2009, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sponsored a collaborative project to prevent BSIs in outpatient hemodialysis facilities. We sought to assess the impact of a set of interventions on BSI and access-related BSI rates in participating facilities using data reported to the CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). Study Design: Quality improvement project. Setting & Participants: Patients in 17 outpatient hemodialysis facilities that volunteered to participate. Quality Improvement Plan: Facilities reported monthly event and denominator data to NHSN, received guidance from the CDC, and implemented an evidence-based intervention package that included chlorhexidine use for catheter exit-site care, staff training and competency assessments focused on catheter care and aseptic technique, hand hygiene and vascular access care audits, and feedback of infection and adherence rates to staff. Outcomes: Crude and modeled BSI and access-related BSI rates. Measurements: Up to 12 months of preintervention (January 2009 through December 2009) and 15 months of intervention period (January 2010 through March 2011) data from participating centers were analyzed. Segmented regression analysis was used to assess changes in BSI and access-related BSI rates during the preintervention and intervention periods. Results: Most (65%) participating facilities were hospital based. Pooled mean BSI and access-related BSI rates were 1.09 and 0.73 events per 100 patient-months during the preintervention period and 0.89 and 0.42 events per 100 patient-months during the intervention period, respectively. Modeled rates decreased 32% (P = 0.01) for BSIs and 54% (P < 0.001) for access-related BSIs at the start of the intervention period. Limitations: Participating facilities were not representative of all outpatient hemodialysis centers nationally. There was no control arm to this quality improvement project. Conclusions: Facilities participating in a collaborative successfully decreased their BSI and access-related BSI rates. The decreased rates appeared to be maintained in the intervention period. These findings suggest that improved implementation of recommended practices can reduce BSIs in hemodialysis centers. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Yi, Sarah H.; Jernigan, John A.; Kallen, Alexander J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Booth, Stephanie; Kelley, Karen] Portage Hlth Dialysis Ctr, Hancock, MI USA. [Bren, Virginia] Altru Hlth Syst, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Downham, Gemma] AtlantiCare Reg Med Ctr, Atlantic City, NJ USA. [Hess, Sally] Fletcher Allen Hlth Care, Burlington, VT USA. [Lincoln, Mary] Mercy Dialysis Ctr, Clinton, IA USA. [Morrissette, Kathy] Maine Gen Med Ctr, Waterville, ME USA. [Lindberg, Curt] Billings Clin, Billings, MT USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ppatel@cdc.gov FU US CDC FX The collaborative project described in this article was funded by the US CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. No external sources of funding were used to support this work. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 62 IS 2 BP 322 EP 330 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.03.011 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 196OK UT WOS:000322784700019 PM 23676763 ER PT J AU Bahnfleth, WP Fisk, WJ Burroughs, HEB Persily, A Martin, SB Stanke, D Li, YG AF Bahnfleth, William P. Fisk, William J. Burroughs, H. E. Barney Persily, Andrew Martin, Stephen B. Stanke, Dennis Li, Yuguo TI Shaping the Next Indoor Air Quality SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Fisk, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Persily, Andrew] NIST, Div Energy & Environm, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Martin, Stephen B.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Field Studies Branch, Washington, DC USA. [Li, Yuguo] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 55 IS 8 BP 50 EP + PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 202DH UT WOS:000323193200015 ER PT J AU Boncy, J Rossignol, E Dahourou, G Hast, M Buteau, J Stanislas, M Moffett, D Bopp, C Balajee, SA AF Boncy, Jacques Rossignol, Emmanuel Dahourou, Georges Hast, Marisa Buteau, Josiane Stanislas, Magalie Moffett, Daphne Bopp, Cheryl Balajee, S. Arunmozhi TI Performance and utility of a rapid diagnostic test for cholera: notes from Haiti SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Cholera; RDT; Crystal VC ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; ENVIRONMENT; OUTBREAK; O1 AB The present study details work done at the National Public Health Laboratory in Haiti (LNSP), comparing the results of a cholera rapid diagnostic test (RDT) with culture-based methods. As of October 21, 2011, 644 specimens were tested by both RDT and culture-based method at the LNSP. The sensitivity and specificity of ROT were 95% and 80%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 89% and negative predictive value of 91%. In resource-limited settings, the RDT has good utility and should be considered as part of the laboratory testing algorithm. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Boncy, Jacques; Rossignol, Emmanuel; Buteau, Josiane; Stanislas, Magalie] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Dahourou, Georges] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Hast, Marisa; Moffett, Daphne; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bopp, Cheryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Water & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. EM fir3@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 76 IS 4 BP 521 EP 523 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.03.010 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 195FK UT WOS:000322687500025 PM 23886437 ER PT J AU Semaan, S Leinhos, M Neumann, MS AF Semaan, Salaam Leinhos, Mary Neumann, Mary Spink TI Public health strategies for prevention and control of HSV-2 in persons who use drugs in the United States SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Review DE HIV; HSV-2; Herpes; Persons who use drugs; Public health; Sexually transmitted infections ID SIMPLEX-VIRUS TYPE-2; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; NEW-YORK-CITY; SYRINGE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS; GENITAL HERPES; HARM REDUCTION; HIV PREVENTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MALE CIRCUMCISION; SOCIAL NETWORKS AB Background: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) affects HIV acquisition, transmission, and disease progression. Effective medications for genital herpes and for HIV/AIDS exist. Parenteral transmission of HIV among persons who inject drugs is decreasing. Reducing sexual transmission of HIV and HSV-2 among persons who use drugs (PWUD; i.e., heroin, cocaine, "speedball", crack, methamphetamine through injection or non-injection) necessitates relevant services. Methods: We reviewed HSV-2 sero-epidemiology and HSV-2/HIV associations in U.S.-based studies with PWUD and the general literature on HSV-2 prevention and treatment published between 1995 and 2012. We used the 6-factor Kass framework to assess relevant HSV-2 public health strategies and services in terms of their goals and effectiveness; identification of, and minimization of burdens and concerns; fair implementation; and fair balancing of benefits, burdens, and concerns. Results: Eleven studies provided HSV-2 serologic test results. High HSV-2 sero-prevalence (range across studies 38-75%) and higher sero-prevalence in HIV-infected PWUD (97-100% in females; 61-74% in males) were reported. Public health strategies for HSV-2 prevention and control in PWUD can include screening or testing; knowledge of HSV-2 status and partner disclosure; education, counseling, and psychosocial risk-reduction interventions; treatment for genital herpes; and HIV antiretroviral medications for HSV-2/HIV co-infected PWUD. Conclusions: HSV-2 sero-prevalence is high among PWUD, necessitating research on development and implementation of science-based public health interventions for HSV-2 infection and HSV-2/HIV co-infections, including research on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of such interventions, to inform development and implementation of services for PWUD. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leinhos, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Extramural Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neumann, Mary Spink] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Semaan, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssemaan@cdc.gov NR 143 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 131 IS 3 BP 182 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.013 PG 16 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 197MP UT WOS:000322855600002 PM 23647730 ER PT J AU Palomaki, GE Melillo, S Marrone, M Douglas, MP AF Palomaki, Glenn E. Melillo, Stephanie Marrone, Michael Douglas, Michael P. TI Use of genomic panels to determine risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the general population: a targeted evidence-based review SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE clinical utility; clinical validity; evidence-based review; genomic panels; type 2 diabetes ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; PREVENTION PROGRAM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; PREDICTION; RECLASSIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; PROGRESSION; VARIANTS AB This evidence review addresses whether type 2 diabetes genomic risk panels improve health outcomes (e.g., reduce rates of developing type 2 diabetes) in low-or high-risk adults; two clinical scenarios promulgated by commercial companies offering such testing. Evidence for the analytic validity of available genomic profiles was inadequate. Clinical validity ranged from inadequate to convincing for 30 variants identified on five type 2 diabetes genomic panels and by genome-wide association studies. Eight common variants were identified for general population use; evidence credibility based on published criteria was strong for two variants, moderate for two variants, and weak for four variants. TCF7L2 had the largest per-allele odds ratio of 1.39 (95% confidence interval 1.33-1.46). Models combining the best four, best eight, and all 30 variants used summary effect sizes, reported genotype frequencies, and assumed independent effects. Areas under the curve were 0.547, 0.551, and 0.570, respectively. In high-risk populations, per-allele odds ratios for TCF7L2 alone were similar to those of the general population. TCF7L2, in combination with other variants, yielded minimal improvement in risk reclassification. Evidence on TCF7L2 clinical validity was adequate. Three studies addressed the clinical utility of intervention effectiveness, stratified by TCF7L2 geno-type; none found significant interactions. Clinical utility evidence was inadequate. In addition to analytic validity and clinical utility knowledge gaps, additional gaps were identified regarding how to inform, produce, and evaluate models combining multiple variants. C1 [Palomaki, Glenn E.] Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI USA. [Melillo, Stephanie; Marrone, Michael; Douglas, Michael P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Melillo, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marrone, Michael; Douglas, Michael P.] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marrone, Michael] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Palomaki, GE (reprint author), Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Providence, RI USA. EM gpalomaki@ipmms.org FU Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2003-01396-0128]; McKing Consulting Corporation FX Funding for this report was provided by the Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through a contract (200-2003-01396-0128) with McKing Consulting Corporation. We thank the Genomic Applications in Practice and Prevention Working Group members of the Technical Evaluation Panel, Margaret Piper, PhD, MPH (Blue Cross/Blue Shield Association), Doug Campos-Outcalt, MD, MPA (University of Arizona College of Medicine), Theodore Ganiats, MD (University of California, San Diego), and Nancy L. Fisher, RN, MD, MPH (Washington State Health Care Authority) who provided guidance and comments on drafts of this article. We also thank the reviewers of the manuscript, including Jose Florez (Massachusetts General Hospital), Catherine McKeon (NIH-NIDDK), and Laura Scott (University of Michigan). NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 600 EP 611 DI 10.1038/gim.2013.8 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 195NM UT WOS:000322709800002 PM 23492876 ER PT J AU Lynch, JA Khoury, MJ Borzecki, A Cromwell, J Hayman, LL Ponte, PR Miller, GA Lathan, CS AF Lynch, Julie A. Khoury, Muin J. Borzecki, Ann Cromwell, Jerry Hayman, Laura L. Ponte, Pat Reid Miller, Glenn A. Lathan, Christopher S. TI Utilization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) testing in the United States: a case study of T3 translational research SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE dissemination and implementation; EGFR assay; equity in access; lung cancer genomics; T3 translation ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; MUTATIONS; GEFITINIB; GENOMICS; FREQUENCY; MEDICINE; SURGERY; RISK; CARE AB Purpose: We examined hospital use of the epidermal growth factor receptor assay in patients with lung cancer in the United States. Our goal was to inform the development of a model to predict phase 3 translation of guideline-directed molecular diagnostic tests. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Using logistic regression, we analyzed the association between hospitals' institutional and regional characteristics and the likelihood that an epidermal growth factor receptor assay would be ordered. Results: Significant institutional predictors included affiliation with an academic medical center (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.83), participation in a National Cancer Institute clinical research cooperative group (odds ratio, 2.06, 1.66-2.55), and availability of positron emission tomography scan (odds ratio, 1.44, 1.07-1.94) and cardiothoracic surgery (odds ratio, 1.90, 1.52-2.37) services. Significant regional predictors included metropolitan county (odds ratio, 2.08, 1.48-2.91), population with above-average education (odds ratio, 1.46, 1.09-1.96), and population with above-average income (odds ratio, 1.46, 1.04-2.05). Distance from a National Cancer Institute cancer center was a negative predictor (odds ratio, 0.996, 0.995-0.998), with a 34% decrease in likelihood for every 100 miles. Conclusion: In 2010, only 12% of US acute-care hospitals ordered the epidermal growth factor receptor assay, suggesting that most patients with lung cancer did not have access to this test. This case study illustrated the need for: (i) increased dissemination and implementation research, and (ii) interventions to improve adoption of guideline-directed molecular diagnostic tests by community hospitals. C1 [Lynch, Julie A.] Univ Massachusetts, Vet Hlth Adm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Lynch, Julie A.; Ponte, Pat Reid; Lathan, Christopher S.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Off Publ Hlth Genom, CDC, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lynch, Julie A.; Borzecki, Ann] Vet Hlth Adm, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. [Cromwell, Jerry; Hayman, Laura L.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Cromwell, Jerry] Res Triangle Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Miller, Glenn A.] Genzyme Genet, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Lynch, JA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Vet Hlth Adm, Harbor Campusol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM Julie.Lynch@va.gov FU Center for Health Quality, Outcomes and Economic Research, a Veterans Administration Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence; Department of Education GAANN [P200A060243]; National Institute of Health [DFCI/UMB U54 CA156734-01]; Susan G. Komen Foundation; Lynch Foundation FX J.A.L. has received funding from the Center for Health Quality, Outcomes and Economic Research, a Veterans Administration Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence; Department of Education GAANN #P200A060243; National Institute of Health DFCI/UMB U54 CA156734-01, Susan G. Komen Foundation, and the Lynch Foundation. Methodology and preliminary results were previously presented as a poster at the 10th International Congress on Targeted Anticancer Therapies, Amsterdam, 8-10 March 2012 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 630 EP 638 DI 10.1038/gim.2013.5 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 195NM UT WOS:000322709800006 PM 23448725 ER PT J AU Kushnir, CL Fleury, AC Couch, J Hill, MC Spirtos, NM AF Kushnir, Christina L. Fleury, Aimee C. Couch, James Hill, Michael C. Spirtos, Nick M. TI Evaluation of exposures to healthcare personnel from cisplatin during a mock demonstration of intra-operative intraperitoneal chemotherapy administration SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Intraperitoneal chemotherapy; Advanced ovarian cancer; Cisplatin; Healthcare safety; Optimal cytoreductive surgery; Personal protective equipment ID STAGE-III OVARIAN; GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; CANCER; PACLITAXEL; TRIAL; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CARBOPLATIN; INTERGROUP AB Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the United States. In 2006, the National Cancer Institute released an announcement supporting the use of intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer. It remains unanswered how many cycles of IP chemotherapy are required to maintain a survival advantage. There may be a benefit with as few as three IP cycles and possibly as few as one IP chemotherapy cycle. Objective. In preparation for a clinical trial in which chemotherapy would be administered intraoperatively, the question of exposure to healthcare personnel arose, therefore, the purpose of this study was to perform an evaluation of healthcare personnel exposure to cisplatin during a mock demonstration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy administration. Materials and methods. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Women's Cancer Center of Nevada, and the staff of the University Medical Center, Las Vegas, participated in this mock demonstration. Employees wore personal protective equipment recommended by NIOSH. Wipe, area, and breathing zone air samples were taken from the pharmacy and operating room, and during sterilization of equipment. Results. All samples were negative for cisplatin, except for one surface wipe from the floor of the operating room (OR) after the mock procedure. Upon sanitization of the OR, no cisplatin was detected on the floor. Conclusion. This was the first study evaluating the exposure of healthcare personnel to the administration of cisplatin intra-operatively. NIOSH endorsed this practice so long as the employees adhere to using the recommended personal protective equipment. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kushnir, Christina L.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Kelly Gynecol Oncol Serv, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Fleury, Aimee C.; Spirtos, Nick M.] Womens Canc Ctr Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89109 USA. [Couch, James] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hill, Michael C.] Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Kushnir, CL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Kelly Gynecol Oncol Serv, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 600 North Wolfe St,Phipps 281, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM kushnir22@live.com NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 130 IS 2 BP 350 EP 353 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.467 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 191KD UT WOS:000322410900019 PM 23648469 ER PT J AU Crume, TL Andrews, JS D'Agostino, RB Pettitt, DJ Mayer-Davis, EJ Law, JR Dolan, L Lawrence, JM Saydah, S Greenbaum, C Rodriguez, BL Dabelea, D AF Crume, Tessa L. Andrews, Jeanette S. D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr. Pettitt, David J. Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. Law, Jennifer R. Dolan, Lawrence Lawrence, Jean M. Saydah, Sharon Greenbaum, Carla Rodriguez, Beatriz L. Dabelea, Dana CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp TI The influence of exposure to maternal diabetes in utero on the rate of decline in beta-cell function among youth with diabetes SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE beta-cell function; childhood type 2 diabetes; diabetes during pregnancy; fasting C-peptide; fetal exposure to diabetes; fetal overnutrition; gestational diabetes; type 1 diabetes ID ANTI-CD3 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INSULIN-SECRETION; C-PEPTIDE; INTRAUTERINE EXPOSURE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ORAL INSULIN; ONSET; MELLITUS; MOTHERS; ADOLESCENTS AB We explored the influence of exposure to maternal diabetes in utero on beta cell decline measured by fasting C-peptide (FCP) among 1079 youth <20 years with diabetes, including 941 with type 1 and 138 with type 2 diabetes. Youths exposed to maternal diabetes had FCP levels that were 17% lower among youth with type 2 diabetes [95% confidence interval (CI): -34%, +6%] and 15% higher among youth with type 1 diabetes (95% CI: -14%, +55%) than their unexposed counterparts, although differences were not statistically significant (p=0.13 and p=0.35, respectively). Exposure to maternal diabetes was not associated with FCP decline in youth with type 2 (p=0.16) or type 1 diabetes (p=0.90); nor was the effect of in utero exposure on FCP modified by diabetes type. Findings suggest that exposure to maternal diabetes in utero may not be an important determinant of short-term beta-cell function decline in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. C1 [Crume, Tessa L.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Andrews, Jeanette S.; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Pettitt, David J.] Sansum Diabet Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.; Law, Jennifer R.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.; Law, Jennifer R.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dolan, Lawrence] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Dolan, Lawrence] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Lawrence, Jean M.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Saydah, Sharon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Greenbaum, Carla] Virginia Mason, Benaroya Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Rodriguez, Beatriz L.] Kaukini Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Dabelea, Dana] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Crume, TL (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 13001 East 17th Ave,Box B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Tessa.Crume@ucdenver.edu RI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/C-4060-2017 OI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/0000-0002-3550-8395 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [00097, DP-05-069, DP-10-001]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases FX SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA numbers 00097, DP-05-069, and DP-10-001) and supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0334-018X J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 7-8 BP 721 EP 727 DI 10.1515/jpem-2012-0385 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 200FA UT WOS:000323052000019 PM 23645121 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Gordon, TP AF Gust, Deborah Anne Gordon, Thomas P. TI Late diagnosis of Cushing's disease in a child: what lessons can be learned? SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE cortisol; Cushing's disease; symptoms AB We present a case of late diagnosis of an adolescent female with Cushing's disease or excess glucocorticoid secretion due to the presence of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secreting tumor on the pituitary. Her main complaints at first presentation in 2008 were short stature and weight gain. Although these are the main criteria for testing for Cushing's syndrome outlined by the 2008 Endocrine Society guidelines, they were not enough to lead to a timely diagnosis. The reasons may include the endocrinologists believing that additional more common symptoms needed to be present to test for Cushing's syndrome. Consequently, the guidelines were not followed leading to placing the child on growth hormone (GH) with no further evaluation until well after 1 year of minimal growth. While Cushing's syndrome is rare in children and hard to diagnose, a more collaborative effort among pediatricians, endocrinologists, radiologists, surgeons, as well as parents, is required to diagnose and help cure children with this disease. C1 [Gust, Deborah Anne] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gordon, Thomas P.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), 1503 Hartman Dr, Lilburn, GA 30047 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0334-018X J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 7-8 BP 753 EP 756 DI 10.1515/jpem-2012-0043 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 200FA UT WOS:000323052000024 PM 23612592 ER PT J AU Rossen, LM Curriero, FC Cooley-Strickland, M Pollack, KM AF Rossen, Lauren M. Curriero, Frank C. Cooley-Strickland, Michele Pollack, Keshia M. TI Food Availability en Route to School and Anthropometric Change in Urban Children SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Healthy food; Weight; Body weight changes; Adiposity; Abdominal; Youth; Food environment; Anthropometry; Overweight ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BMI Z-SCORE; NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS; FOLLOW-UP; ADOLESCENTS; ENVIRONMENTS; ADIPOSITY; STORES AB This study examined food availability along children's paths to and from elementary school, and associations with change in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference over 1 year. Secondary data from 319 children aged 8-13 years from the "Multiple Opportunities to Reach Excellence" Project was used. Child anthropometry and demographic variables were obtained at baseline (2007) and 1 year follow-up. Food outlet locations (n = 1,410) were obtained from the Baltimore City Health Department and validated by ground-truthing. Secondary data on healthy food availability within select food stores in Baltimore City in 2007 were obtained via a validated food environment assessment measure, the Nutrition Environments Measures Study. Multilevel models were used to examine associations between availability of healthy food and number of various food outlets along paths to school and child anthropometric change over 1 year. Controlling for individual-, neighborhood-, and school-level characteristics, results indicated that higher healthy food availability within a 100 m buffer of paths to school was associated with 0.15 kg/m(2) lower BMI gain (p = 0.015) and 0.47 cm smaller waist circumference gain (p = 0.037) over 1 year. Although prior research has illuminated the importance of healthy food choices within school and home environments, the current study suggests that exposure to the food environment along paths to school should be further explored in relation to child health outcomes. C1 [Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Curriero, Frank C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Curriero, Frank C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Cooley-Strickland, Michele] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Cooley-Strickland, Michele] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Culture & Hlth, Dept Psychiat, NPI Semel Inst Neurosci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Rossen, Lauren M.; Pollack, Keshia M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Rossen, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6114, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lrossen@cdc.gov FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01 DA018318]; Active Living Research, a national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; Baltimore City Public School System FX We would like to thank Sara Bleich for her comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. The authors also acknowledge the support and cooperation of the Baltimore City Public School System and our partner schools, students, parents, teachers, and administrators. Support and funding for the MORE Project comes from a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse to M. Cooley (1R01 DA018318). This work was also funded in part by a grant from Active Living Research, a national program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to K. Pollack. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 EI 1468-2869 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 653 EP 666 DI 10.1007/s11524-012-9785-4 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 195VB UT WOS:000322730600006 PM 23392564 ER PT J AU Raiford, JL Seth, P Braxton, ND DiClemente, RJ AF Raiford, Jerris Laverne Seth, Puja Braxton, Nikia D. DiClemente, Ralph J. TI Interpersonal- and Community-Level Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration among African American Men SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE African-American; Intimate partner violence; Conflict resolution; Neighborhood; Community violence ID CONFLICT-RESOLUTION; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; DATING VIOLENCE; HISPANIC COUPLES; SEXUAL-BEHAVIORS; PHYSICAL ABUSE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; HIV RISK AB Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with adverse physical, psychoemotional, and sexual health, and African American women are at higher risk for experiencing IPV. Considering African American women predominantly have African American male partners, it is essential to identify factors associated with IPV perpetration among African American men. The present study examined attitudes toward IPV, ineffective couple conflict resolution, exposure to neighborhood violence, and the interplay of these factors as predictors of IPV perpetration. A community sample of 80 single, heterosexual, African American men between 18 and 29 years completed measures assessing sociodemographics, attitudes towards IPV, perceived ineffective couple conflict resolution, exposure to neighborhood violence, and IPV perpetration during the past 3 months. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses, with age, education, and public assistance as covariates, were conducted on 65 men who reported being in a main relationship. Couple conflict resolution and exposure to neighborhood violence moderated the relation between attitudes supporting IPV and IPV perpetration. Among men who reported high ineffective couple conflict resolution and high exposure to neighborhood violence, IPV perpetration increased as attitudes supporting IPV increased. The findings indicated that interpersonal- and community-level factors interact with individual level factors to increase the risk of recent IPV perpetration among African American men. While IPV prevention should include individual-level interventions that focus on skills building, these findings also highlight the importance of couple-, community-, and structural-level interventions. C1 [Raiford, Jerris Laverne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Seth, Puja; Braxton, Nikia D.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Seth, Puja; Braxton, Nikia D.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Ctr AIDS Res, Social & Behav Sci Core, Atlanta, GA USA. [Seth, Puja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Raiford, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jraiford@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 784 EP 795 DI 10.1007/s11524-012-9717-3 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 195VB UT WOS:000322730600016 PM 22711168 ER PT J AU Stewart, SL Lakhani, N Brown, PM Larkin, OA Moore, AR Hayes, NS AF Stewart, Sherri L. Lakhani, Naheed Brown, Phaeydra M. Larkin, O. Ann Moore, Angela R. Hayes, Nikki S. TI Gynecologic Cancer Prevention and Control in the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program: Progress, Current Activities, and Future Directions SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; OVARIAN-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION COVERAGE; FAMILIES; SURVIVAL; BURDEN; BREAST; VULVAR; WOMEN AB Gynecologic cancer confers a large burden among women in the United States. Several evidence-based interventions are available to reduce the incidence, morbidity, and mortality from these cancers. The National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) is uniquely positioned to implement these interventions in the US population. This review discusses progress and future directions for the NCCCP in preventing and controlling gynecologic cancer. C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.; Brown, Phaeydra M.; Larkin, O. Ann; Moore, Angela R.; Hayes, Nikki S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lakhani, Naheed] Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Macon, GA 31207 USA. RP Stewart, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sstewart2@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 8 BP 651 EP 657 DI 10.1089/jwh.2013.4465 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 196KT UT WOS:000322774400001 PM 23865787 ER PT J AU Ko, JY Dietz, PM Conrey, EJ Rodgers, LE Shellhaas, C Farr, SL Robbins, CL AF Ko, Jean Y. Dietz, Patricia M. Conrey, Elizabeth J. Rodgers, Loren E. Shellhaas, Cynthia Farr, Sherry L. Robbins, Cheryl L. TI Strategies Associated with Higher Postpartum Glucose Tolerance Screening Rates for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID WOMEN; PREGNANCY; HISTORY; RISK; OPPORTUNITIES AB Background: Most women with histories of gestational diabetes mellitus do not receive a postpartum screening test for type 2 diabetes, even though they are at increased risk. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with high rates of postpartum glucose screening. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis assessed characteristics associated with postpartum diabetes screening for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-affected pregnancies self-reported by randomly sampled licensed obstetricians/gynecologists (OBs/GYNs) in Ohio in 2010. Results: Responses were received from 306 OBs/GYNs (56.5% response rate), among whom 69.9% reported frequently (always/most of the time) screening women with GDM-affected pregnancies for abnormal glucose tolerance at the postpartum visit. Compared to infrequent screeners, OBs/GYNs who frequently screen for postpartum glucose tolerance were statistically (p < 0.05) more likely to have a clinical protocol addressing postpartum testing (67.2% vs. 26.7%), an electronic reminder system for providers (10.8% vs. 2.2%) and provide reminders to patients (16.4% vs. 4.4%). Frequent screeners were more likely to use recommended fasting blood glucose or 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (61.8% vs. 34.6%, p < 0.001) than infrequent screeners. Conclusions: Strategies associated with higher postpartum glucose screening for GDM patients included clinical protocols for postpartum testing, electronic medical records to alert providers of the need for testing, and reminders to patients. C1 [Ko, Jean Y.; Rodgers, Loren E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ko, Jean Y.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Conrey, Elizabeth J.; Farr, Sherry L.; Robbins, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Conrey, Elizabeth J.; Rodgers, Loren E.; Shellhaas, Cynthia] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. RP Ko, JY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JeanKo@cdc.gov RI Shellhaas, Cynthia/E-4077-2011 FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors would like to thank the following individuals for their contributions to this study: Ryan Kofran, MSSA, CNM, Case Western University; Andrew Wapner, DO, Ohio Department of Health; Norma Ryan, PhD, RN, Ohio Department of Health; Amy Dunn, RN, Ohio Department of Health; Gwen Stacey, RD, Ohio Department of Health; Thomas Joyce, MA, Ohio Department of Health; Karen Foster, Ohio Department of Health; and Jessica Londeree, Ohio Department of Health. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 8 BP 681 EP 686 DI 10.1089/jwh.2012.4092 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 196KT UT WOS:000322774400006 PM 23789581 ER PT J AU Barile, JP Reeve, BB Smith, AW Zack, MM Mitchell, SA Kobau, R Cella, DF Luncheon, C Thompson, WW AF Barile, John P. Reeve, Bryce B. Smith, Ashley Wilder Zack, Matthew M. Mitchell, Sandra A. Kobau, Rosemarie Cella, David F. Luncheon, Cecily Thompson, William W. TI Monitoring population health for Healthy People 2020: evaluation of the NIH PROMISA (R) Global Health, CDC Healthy Days, and satisfaction with life instruments SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Health-related quality of life; Well-being; Measurement invariance; Structural equation modeling; Population health; Healthy People 2020 ID TESTING MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE; CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; FIT INDEXES; DISABILITY; SCALE; ADULTS AB Healthy People 2020 identified health-related quality of life and well-being (WB) as indicators of population health for the next decade. This study examined the measurement properties of the NIH PROMISA (R) Global Health Scale, the CDC Healthy Days items, and associations with the Satisfaction with Life Scale. A total of 4,184 adults completed the Porter Novelli's HealthStyles mailed survey. Physical and mental health (9 items from PROMIS Global Scale and 3 items from CDC Healthy days measure), and 4 WB factor items were tested for measurement equivalence using multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis. The CDC items accounted for similar variance as the PROMIS items on physical and mental health factors; both factors were moderately correlated with WB. Measurement invariance was supported across gender and age; the magnitude of some factor loadings differed between those with and without a chronic medical condition. The PROMIS, CDC, and WB items all performed well. The PROMIS items captured a broad range of functioning across the entire continuum of physical and mental health, while the CDC items appear appropriate for assessing burden of disease for chronic conditions and are brief and easily interpretable. All three measures under study appear to be appropriate measures for monitoring several aspects of the Healthy People 2020 goals and objectives. C1 [Barile, John P.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Reeve, Bryce B.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Reeve, Bryce B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Smith, Ashley Wilder; Mitchell, Sandra A.] NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zack, Matthew M.; Kobau, Rosemarie; Luncheon, Cecily; Thompson, William W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30331 USA. [Cella, David F.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med Social Sci, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Barile, JP (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Psychol, 2530 Dole St,Sakamaki Hall C404, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM Barile@Hawaii.edu RI Barile, John/F-9456-2015 OI Barile, John/0000-0003-4098-0640 FU National Institutes of Health [U54AR057951-02] FX Barile and Luncheon were supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. Cella was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health to the PROMIS Statistical Center (U54AR057951-02). We would like to thank Adam Burns and Bill Pollard of Porter Novelli for reviewing drafts of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1201 EP 1211 DI 10.1007/s11136-012-0246-z PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 195XA UT WOS:000322735700004 PM 23404737 ER PT J AU Kalb, SR Barr, JR AF Kalb, Suzanne R. Barr, John R. TI Mass spectrometric identification and differentiation of botulinum neurotoxins through toxin proteomics SO REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; mass spectrometry; protein toxins; proteomics ID LASER-DESORPTION IONIZATION; INFANT BOTULISM; ENDOPEP-MS; STRAIN IDENTIFICATION; SEROTYPE-A; SNAP-25; CLEAVES; DIVERSITY; ANTIBODY; JAPAN AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause the disease botulism, which can be lethal if untreated. There are seven known serotypes of BoNT, A-G, defined by their response to antisera. Many serotypes are distinguished into differing subtypes based on amino acid sequence and immunogenic properties, and some subtypes are further differentiated into toxin variants. Toxin characterization is important as different types of BoNT can respond differently to medical countermeasures for botulism, and characterization of the toxin can aid in epidemiologic and forensic investigations. Proteomic techniques have been established to determine the serotype, subtype, or toxin variant of BoNT. These techniques involve digestion of the toxin into peptides, tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis of the peptides, and database searching to identify the BoNT protein. These techniques demonstrate the capability to detect BoNT and its neurotoxin-associated proteins, and differentiate the toxin from other toxins that are up to 99.9% identical in some cases. This differentiation can be accomplished from toxins present in a complex matrix such as stool, food, or bacterial cultures and no DNA is required. C1 [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0793-0135 J9 REV ANAL CHEM JI Rev. Anal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 32 IS 3 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1515/revac-2013-0013 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 200AV UT WOS:000323039000002 PM 26316676 ER PT J AU Yoo, N Bernstein, J Caldwell, C Dong, C Drobeniuc, J Kamili, S Landry, ML AF Yoo, N. Bernstein, J. Caldwell, C. Dong, C. Drobeniuc, J. Kamili, S. Landry, M. L. TI Hepatitis E virus infection in a liver transplant recipient: delayed diagnosis due to variable performance of serologic assays SO TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Letter DE hepatitis E virus; liver transplant; diagnosis; PCR; viral hepatitis C1 [Yoo, N.; Bernstein, J.; Landry, M. L.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Yoo, N.; Bernstein, J.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Caldwell, C.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Dong, C.; Drobeniuc, J.; Kamili, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hepatitis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Landry, ML (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, POB 208035, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM marie.landry@yale.edu NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1398-2273 J9 TRANSPL INFECT DIS JI Transpl. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP E166 EP E168 DI 10.1111/tid.12096 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation GA 188UR UT WOS:000322220900009 PM 23701647 ER PT J AU Biggs, HM Galloway, RL Bui, DM Morrissey, AB Maro, VP Crump, JA AF Biggs, Holly M. Galloway, Renee L. Bui, Duy M. Morrissey, Annie B. Maro, Venance P. Crump, John A. TI Leptospirosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection Among Febrile Inpatients in Northern Tanzania SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; Leptospirosis; northern Tanzania ID INVASIVE BACTERIAL; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; REFERENCE VALUES; HIV; PATIENT; SEPSIS; DEFINITIONS; GUIDELINES; CHILDREN; ADULTS AB Background: Leptospirosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prevalent in many areas, including northern Tanzania, yet little is known about their interaction. Methods: We enrolled febrile inpatients at two hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania, over 1 year and performed HIV antibody testing and the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for leptospirosis. Confirmed leptospirosis was defined as four-fold rise in MAT titer between acute and convalescent serum samples, and probable leptospirosis was defined as any reciprocal MAT titer >= 800. Results: Confirmed or probable leptospirosis was found in 70 (8.4%) of 831 participants with at least one serum sample tested. At total of 823 (99.0%) of 831 participants had HIV testing performed, and 203 (24.7%) were HIV infected. Among HIV-infected participants, 9 (4.4%) of 203 had confirmed or probable leptospirosis, whereas among HIV-uninfected participants 61 (9.8%) of 620 had leptospirosis. Leptospirosis was less prevalent among HIV-infected as compared to HIV-uninfected participants [ odds ratio (OR) 0.43, p = 0.019]. Among those with leptospirosis, HIV-infected patients more commonly presented with features of severe sepsis syndrome than HIV-uninfected patients, but differences were not statistically significant. Among HIV-infected patients, severe immunosuppression was not significantly different between those with and without leptospirosis (p = 0.476). Among HIV-infected adolescents and adults, median CD4 percent and median CD4 count were higher among those with leptospirosis as compared to those with other etiologies of febrile illness, but differences in CD4 count did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.015 and p = 0.089, respectively). Conclusions: Among febrile inpatients in northern Tanzania, leptospirosis was not more prevalent among HIV-infected patients. Although some indicators of leptospirosis severity were more common among HIV-infected patients, a statistically significant difference was not demonstrated. Among HIV-infected patients, those with leptospirosis were not more immunosuppressed relative to those with other etiologies of febrile illness. C1 [Biggs, Holly M.; Morrissey, Annie B.; Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Galloway, Renee L.; Bui, Duy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Maro, Venance P.] Kilimanjaro Christian Med Ctr, Moshi, Tanzania. [Maro, Venance P.] Tumaini Univ, Kilimanjaro Christian Med Coll, Moshi, Tanzania. [Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Crump, JA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM john.crump@duke.edu FU International Studies on AIDS Associated Co-infections (ISAAC) award, a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01 AI062563]; US National Institutes of Health as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program [R01TW009237]; UK Economic and Social Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Duke University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH [2P30 AI064518]; NIH Fogarty International Center AIDS International Training and Research Program [D43 PA-03-018]; Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites [U01 AI069484]; NIAID [AI007392] FX This research was supported by an International Studies on AIDS Associated Co-infections (ISAAC) award, a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded program (U01 AI062563). This work was funded in part by US National Institutes of Health grant R01TW009237 as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic and Social Research Council and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. This publication was made possible with help from the Duke University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program (2P30 AI064518). Authors received support from the NIH Fogarty International Center AIDS International Training and Research Program D43 PA-03-018 (J.A.C., V. P. M.), the Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites U01 AI069484 (J.A.C., V. P. M.), and NIAID-AI007392 (H. M. B.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 572 EP 580 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1205 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 199AZ UT WOS:000322967800006 PM 23663165 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Durazo-Arvizu, RA Cannel, R Green, R Pfeiffer, CM Sempos, CT Carriquiry, A Yetley, EA AF Bailey, Regan L. Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A. Cannel, Ralph Green, Ralph Pfeiffer, Christine M. Sempos, Christopher T. Carriquiry, Alicia Yetley, Elizabeth A. TI Modeling a methylmalonic acid-derived change point for serum vitamin B-12 for adults in NHANES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEYS; LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; DEFICIENCY; HOLOTRANSCOBALAMIN; COBALAMIN; HOMOCYSTEINE; DETERMINANTS; POPULATION; BIOMARKERS AB Background: No consensus exists about which cutoff point should be applied for serum vitamin B-12 (SB-12) concentrations to define vitamin B-12 status in population-based research. Objective: The study's aim was to identify whether a change point exists at which the relation between plasma methylmalonic acid (MMA) and SB-12 changes slope to differentiate between inadequate and adequate vitamin B-12 status by using various statistical models. Design: We used data on adults (>= 19 y; n = 12,683) from NHANES 1999-2004-a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. We evaluated 6 piece-wise polynomial and exponential decay models that used different control levels for known covariates. Results: The MMA-defined change point for SB-12 varied depending on the statistical model used. A linear-splines model was determined to best fit the data, as determined by the approximate permutation test; 3 slopes relating SB-12 and MMA and resulting in 2 change points and 3 subgroups were shown. The first group (SB-12 <126 pmol/L) was small and had the highest MMA concentration (median: 281 nmol/L; 95% CI: 245, 366 nmol/L; n = 157, 1.2%); many in this group could be considered at high risk of severe deficiency because combined abnormalities of MMA and homocysteine were very frequent and the concentrations themselves were significantly higher. The highest SB-12 group (SB-12 >287 pmol/L; n = 8569, 67.6%) likely had adequate vitamin B-12 status (median MMA: 120 nmol/L; 95% CI: 119, 125 nmol/L). The vitamin B-12 status of the sizable intermediate group (n = 3957, 33%) was difficult to interpret. Conclusions: The 3 distinct slopes for the relation between SB-12 and MMA challenges the conventional use of one cutoff point for classifying vitamin B-12 status. In epidemiologic research, the use of one cutoff point would fail to separate the small, severely deficient group from the intermediate group that has neither normal nor clearly deficient vitamin B-12 concentrations (ie, unknown vitamin B-12 status). This intermediate group requires further characterization. C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Sempos, Christopher T.; Yetley, Elizabeth A.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A.] Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Cannel, Ralph] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Cannel, Ralph] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Green, Ralph] UC Davis Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sacramento, CA USA. [Carriquiry, Alicia] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bailey, RL (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,2B03, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM baileyr@mail.nih.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 98 IS 2 BP 460 EP 467 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.061234 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 189SA UT WOS:000322287400027 PM 23803883 ER PT J AU MacDonald, LA Waters, TR Napolitano, PG Goddard, DE Ryan, MA Nielsen, P Hudock, SD AF MacDonald, Leslie A. Waters, Thomas R. Napolitano, Peter G. Goddard, Donald E. Ryan, Margaret A. Nielsen, Peter Hudock, Stephen D. TI Clinical guidelines for occupational lifting in pregnancy: evidence summary and provisional recommendations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE lifting; occupational hazard; pregnancy; recommendations ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CRUCIATE LIGAMENT LAXITY; PELVIC GIRDLE PAIN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; WORK LOAD; LUMBOPELVIC PAIN; UNITED-STATES; JOINT LAXITY; BIRTH-WEIGHT AB Empirically based lifting criteria established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to reduce the risk of overexertion injuries in the general US working population were evaluated for application to pregnant workers. This report proposes criteria to guide decisions by medical providers about permissible weights for lifting tasks performed at work over the course of an uncomplicated pregnancy. Our evaluation included an extensive review of the literature linking occupational lifting to maternal and fetal health. Although it has been 29 years since the American Medical Association's Council on Scientific Affairs published its report on the Effects of Pregnancy on Work Performance, these guidelines continue to influence clinical decisions and workplace policies. Provisional clinical guidelines derived from the NIOSH lifting criteria that account for recent evidence for maternal and fetal health are presented and aim to improve the standard of care for pregnant workers. C1 [MacDonald, Leslie A.; Waters, Thomas R.; Hudock, Stephen D.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Napolitano, Peter G.; Nielsen, Peter] Madigan Healthcare Syst, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Tacoma, WA USA. [Goddard, Donald E.] Army Inst Publ Hlth, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Naval Hosp Camp, Pendleton, CA USA. [Ryan, Margaret A.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP MacDonald, LA (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI MacDonald, Leslie/D-2201-2014; OI MacDonald, Leslie/0000-0003-3967-534X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 78 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 18 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 209 IS 2 BP 80 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.047 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 194UA UT WOS:000322657000005 PM 23467051 ER PT J AU Chai, SJ Tan, F Ji, YC Wei, XM Li, RC Frost, M AF Chai, Shua J. Tan, Feng Ji, Yongcai Wei, Xiaomin Li, Richun Frost, Melinda TI Community-Level Text Messaging for 2009 H1N1 Prevention in China SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MOBILE PHONE; BEHAVIOR-CHANGE; HAND HYGIENE; PRIMARY-CARE; WEIGHT-LOSS; FOLLOW-UP; INTERVENTIONS; SYSTEM; HEALTH AB Background: Although patients worldwide increasingly are using mobile phone text messaging (SMS) for clinical care, quality data are sparse on the community-level effectiveness of SMS to prevent and control disease. Purpose: To determine SMS effectiveness in improving 2009 H1N1 knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and self-reported outcomes and to assess community SMS acceptability. Methods: A program evaluation of Shanghai, China's SMS system using a single-blinded, randomized-controlled method was conducted in 2010 and results were analyzed in 2010-2011. Randomly selected community residents who agreed to participate were assigned to receive 3 weeks of either 2009 H1N1 prevention and control or tobacco-cessation messages. Assessments were made of 2009 H1N1 knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and self-reported influenza-like illness before and after sending messages to participants. Acceptability of SMS also was assessed. Results: Of 1992 respondents, those receiving 2009 H1N1 messages had higher scores measuring 2009 H1N1 knowledge (4.2% higher) and desired attitudes (9.4% higher) (p < 0.001); 1.77 times greater odds of new 2009 H1N1 vaccination (p < 0.001); and 0.12 times smaller odds of reporting influenza-like illness (p<0.001) than those receiving tobacco messages. More than 95% of participants found the SMS program useful and trustworthy; nearly 90% would use it again. Conclusions: SMS can improve self-reported uptake of short-term behaviors, such as vaccination, that can result in long-term prevention and control of disease. SMS can improve knowledge and influence attitudes about infection prevention and control and self-reported health outcomes. In Shanghai, health-based SMS is acceptable to users. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Chai, Shua J.; Frost, Melinda] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tan, Feng; Ji, Yongcai] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Richun; Frost, Melinda] China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Re Emergin, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wei, Xiaomin] Shanghai Hlth Educ Inst, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Chai, SJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-93, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM schai@cdc.gov RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Beijing, China FX All funding for the study was provided by the China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Beijing, China (a cooperative agreement between the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China and the DHHS). NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 45 IS 2 BP 190 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.03.014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 187FO UT WOS:000322102500008 PM 23867026 ER PT J AU Seem, DL Lee, I Umscheid, CA Kuehnert, MJ AF Seem, D. L. Lee, I. Umscheid, C. A. Kuehnert, M. J. TI Excerpt From PHS Guideline for Reducing HIV, HBV and HCV Transmission Through Organ Transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Donor screening; guidelines; HBV transmission risk; HCV transmission risk; HIV transmission risk; infectious disease transmission; organ donation; organ transplant recipients; organ transplantation; recipient testing ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; B-VIRUS; DONOR; GRADE; RECOMMENDATIONS; INFECTION; QUALITY AB The intent of the PHS guideline is to improve organ transplant recipient outcomes by reducing the risk of unexpected HIV, HBV and HCV transmission, while preserving the availability of high-quality organs. An evidence-based approach was used to identify the most relevant studies and reports on which to formulate the recommendations. This excerpt from the guideline comprises (1) the executive summary; (2) 12 criteria for assessment of risk factors for recent HIV, HBV and HCV infection; (3) 34 recommendations on risk assessment (screening) of living and deceased donors; testing of living and deceased donors; informed consent discussion with transplant candidates; testing of recipients pre-and posttransplant; collection and/or storage of donor and recipient specimens; and tracking and reporting of HIV, HBV and HCV; and (4) 20 recommendations for further study. For the PHS guideline in its entirety, including the background, methodology and primary evidence underlying the recommendations, refer to the source document in Public Health Reports, accessible at http://www.publichealthreports.org/issuecontents.cfm? Volume = 128& Issue = 4. For more in-depth information on the evidence base, including tables of all study-level data, refer to Solid Organ Transplantation and the Probability of Transmitting HIV, HBV or HCV: A Systematic Review to Support an Evidence-Based Guideline, accessible at http://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/12164/. C1 [Seem, D. L.; Kuehnert, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lee, I.; Umscheid, C. A.] Univ Penn, Hlth Syst Ctr Evidence Based Practice, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Seem, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dseem@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX I.L. and C. U. received funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to support the guideline development process. I. L. was employed by the University of Pennsylvania during guideline development and by Merck during guideline revision. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 1953 EP 1962 DI 10.1111/ajt.12386 PG 10 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 190HM UT WOS:000322330000007 PM 23890284 ER PT J AU Jernigan, D AF Jernigan, Daniel TI Emergence of Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus Causing Severe Human Illness-China, February-April 2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material AB A new severe avian infl uenza virus (H7N9) has been reported in China. C1 [Jernigan, Daniel] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Reemerging, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Jernigan, Daniel] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jernigan, Daniel] USDA, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. RP Jernigan, D (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, China US Collaborat Program Emerging & Reemerging, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM djernigan@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 2216 EP 2221 DI 10.1111/ajt.12420 PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 190HM UT WOS:000322330000037 ER PT J AU Farrar, JJ Hien, TT Horstick, O Hung, NT Jaenisch, T Junghanns, T Kroeger, A Laksono, IS Lum, L Martinez, E Simmons, CP Tami, A Tomashek, KM Wills, BA AF Farrar, Jeremy J. Hien, Tran T. Horstick, Olaf Hung, Nguyen T. Jaenisch, Thomas Junghanns, Thomas Kroeger, Axel Laksono, Ida S. Lum, Lucy Martinez, Eric Simmons, Cameron P. Tami, Adriana Tomashek, Kay M. Wills, Bridget A. TI Dogma in Classifying Dengue Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ORGANIZATION CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS INFECTION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; VASCULAR LEAKAGE; CASE DEFINITIONS; SEVERITY; PATHOGENESIS; CHILDREN; THAILAND C1 [Farrar, Jeremy J.] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hosp Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. WHO, Special Programme Res & Training Trop Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Heidelberg, Germany. Childrens Hosp Number 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Sect Clin Trop Med, Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. Gadjah Mada Univ, Dept Paediat, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Dr Sardjito Teaching Hosp, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Paediat, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Inst Med Trop Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba. Univ Carabobo, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med Parasitol, Valencia, Spain. Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Med Microbiol, Mol Virol Sect, Groningen, Netherlands. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. RP Farrar, JJ (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hosp Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. EM jfarrar@oucru.org OI Kroeger, Axel/0000-0001-8438-2904; Simmons, Cameron P./0000-0002-9039-7392; Farrar, Jeremy/0000-0002-2700-623X FU Wellcome Trust [089276] NR 36 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0157 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 195DS UT WOS:000322683100003 PM 23926138 ER PT J AU Duggal, NK D'Anton, M Xiang, J Seiferth, R Day, J Nasci, R Brault, AC AF Duggal, Nisha K. D'Anton, Mary Xiang, Jeannie Seiferth, Robyn Day, Joanne Nasci, Roger Brault, Aaron C. TI Sequence Analyses of 2012 West Nile Virus Isolates from Texas Fail to Associate Viral Genetic Factors with Outbreak Magnitude SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; ARBOVIRAL DISEASES; COMPLETE GENOME; AMERICAN CROWS; GENOTYPE; TEMPERATURE; MOSQUITOS AB In 2012, Texas experienced the largest outbreak of human West Nile encephalitis (WNE) since the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) in 2002. Despite the large number of WNV infections, data indicated the rate of reported WNE among human cases was no higher than in previous years. To determine whether the increase in WNV human cases could have been caused by viral genetic changes, the complete genomes of 17 isolates made from mosquito pools in Dallas and Montgomery Counties in 2012 were sequenced. The 2012 Texas isolates were found to be composed of two distinct clades, both circulating in Dallas and Montgomery Counties despite a 5-fold higher disease incidence in the former. Although minor genetic differences existed between Dallas and Montgomery WNV populations, there was weak support for population subdivision or adaptive changes. On the basis of these data, alternative explanations for increased WNV disease incidence in 2012 are proposed. C1 [Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. State Hlth Serv, Texas Dept, Austin, TX USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM acbraultl@mac.com FU APHL Emerging Infectious Disease postdoctoral fellowship FX N.K.D. was supported by an APHL Emerging Infectious Disease postdoctoral fellowship. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 205 EP 210 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0140 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 195DS UT WOS:000322683100005 PM 23817333 ER PT J AU Baker, KK Sow, SO Kotloff, KL Nataro, JP Farag, TH Tamboura, B Doumbia, M Sanogo, D Diarra, D O'Reilly, CE Mintz, E Panchalingam, S Wu, YK Blackwelder, WC Levine, MM AF Baker, Kelly K. Sow, Samba O. Kotloff, Karen L. Nataro, James P. Farag, Tamer H. Tamboura, Boubou Doumbia, Mama Sanogo, Doh Diarra, Drissa O'Reilly, Ciara E. Mintz, Eric Panchalingam, Sandra Wu, Yukun Blackwelder, William C. Levine, Myron M. TI Quality of Piped and Stored Water in Households with Children Under Five Years of Age Enrolled in the Mali Site of the Global Enteric Multi-Center Study (GEMS) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POINT-OF-USE; DRINKING-WATER; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SAFE STORAGE; DIARRHEA PREVENTION; SHIGELLA-SONNEI; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; SANITATION; COMMUNITY AB Water, sanitation, and hygiene information was collected during a matched case-control study of moderate and severe diarrhea (MSD) among 4,096 children < 5 years of age in Bamako, Mali. Primary use of piped water (conditional odds ratio [cOR] = 0.45; 0.34-0.62), continuous water access (cOR = 0.30; 0.20-0.43), fetching water daily (cOR = 0.77; 0.63-0.96), and breastfeeding (cOR = 0.65; 0.49-0.88) significantly reduced the likelihood of MSD. Fetching water in > 30 minutes (cOR = 2.56; 1.55-4.23) was associated with MSD. Piped tap water and courier-delivered water contained high (> 2 mg/L) concentrations of free residual chlorine and no detectable Escherichia coli. However, many households stored water overnight, resulting in inadequate free residual chlorine (< 0.2 mg/L) for preventing microbial contamination. Coliforms and E. coli were detected in 48% and 8% of stored household water samples, respectively. Although most of Bamako's population enjoys access to an improved water source, water quality is often compromised during household storage. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Ctr Natl Appui Lutte Malad, Ctr Dev Vaccins Mali CVD Mali, Bamako, Mali. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baker, KK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, 685 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM kkbaker@emory.edu; ssow@medicine.umaryland.edu; kkotloff@medicine.umaryland.edu; jpn2r@virginia.edu; tfarag@medicine.umaryland.edu; btambour@medicine.umaryland.edu; mamanieledk@yahoo.fr; sanogodoh@yahoo.fr; dridia@yahoo.fr; bwf1@cdc.gov; edm1@cdc.gov; spanchal@medicine.umaryland.edu; ywu@medicine.umaryland.edu; wblackwelder@medicine.umaryland.edu; mlevine@medicine.umaryland.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [38874] FX This work was supported by grant no. 38874 from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (M. M. Levine, Principal Investigator). NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0256 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 195DS UT WOS:000322683100007 PM 23836570 ER PT J AU Islam, S Kenah, E Bhuiyan, MAA Rahman, KM Goodhew, B Ghalib, CM Zahid, MM Ozaki, M Rahman, MW Haque, R Luby, SP Maguire, JH Martin, D Bern, C AF Islam, Shamim Kenah, Eben Bhuiyan, Mohammed Ashraful Alam Rahman, Kazi Mizanur Goodhew, Brook Ghalib, Chowdhury Mohammad Zahid, M. M. Ozaki, Masayo Rahman, M. W. Haque, Rashidul Luby, Stephen P. Maguire, James H. Martin, Diana Bern, Caryn TI Clinical and Immunological Aspects of Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; CYTOKINE PROFILES; AMPHOTERICIN-B; EASTERN SUDAN; IN-VIVO; MILTEFOSINE; INFECTION; INDIA; PKDL; ACTIVATION AB We conducted active surveillance for kala-azar and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in a population of 24,814 individuals. Between 2002 and 2010, 1,002 kala-azar and 185 PKDL cases occurred. Median PKDL patient age was 12 years; 9% had no antecedent kala-azar. Cases per 10,000 person-years peaked at 90 for kala-azar (2005) and 28 for PKDL (2007). Cumulative PKDL incidence among kala-azar patients was 17% by 5 years. Kala-azar patients younger than 15 years were more likely than older patients to develop PKDL; no other risk factors were identified. The most common lesions were hypopigmented macules. Of 98 untreated PKDL patients, 48 (49%) patients had resolution, with median time of 19 months. Kala-azar patients showed elevated interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), and interleukin 10 (IL-10). Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and MMP9/tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) ratio were significantly higher in PKDL patients than in other groups. PKDL is frequent in Bangladesh and poses a challenge to the current visceral leishmaniasis elimination initiative in the Indian subcontinent. C1 [Islam, Shamim] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Kenah, Eben] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Bhuiyan, Mohammed Ashraful Alam; Rahman, Kazi Mizanur; Ghalib, Chowdhury Mohammad; Zahid, M. M.; Rahman, M. W.; Haque, Rashidul] Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Goodhew, Brook; Martin, Diana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ozaki, Masayo] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Maguire, James H.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bern, Caryn] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, 50 Beale St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM sizuba@yahoo.com; ekenah@ufl.edu; aabhuiyan@icddrb.org; mizan@icddrb.org; isd6@cdc.gov; kutshit@yahoo.com; zahid@icddrb.org; masayo.ozaki@gmail.com; mwrahman@gmail.com; rhaque@icddrb.org; sluby@stanford.edu; JMaguire@partners.org; hzx3@cdc.gov; Caryn.Bern2@UCSF.EDU OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU US Agency for International Development/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Interagency Agreement [OGH06-006]; National Institutes of Health [F32GM085945] FX This study was supported by US Agency for International Development/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Interagency Agreement OGH06-006. E.K.'s participation was funded by National Institutes of Health Grant F32GM085945. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0711 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 195DS UT WOS:000322683100026 PM 23817330 ER PT J AU Mende, K Galloway, RL Becker, SJ Beckius, ML Murray, CK Hospenthal, DR AF Mende, Katrin Galloway, Renee L. Becker, Sara J. Beckius, Miriam L. Murray, Clinton K. Hospenthal, Duane R. TI Interlaboratory Agreement of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Identification of Leptospira Serovars SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB Leptospirosis may be caused by > 250 Leptospira serovars. Serovar classification is a complex task that most laboratories cannot perform. We assessed the interlaboratory reproducibility of a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) identification technique developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Blinded exchange of 93 Leptospiraceae strains occurred between San Antonio Military Medical Center (SAMMC) and the CDC. PFGE was performed and gel images were analyzed and compared with patterns present in each laboratory's database (CDC database: > 800 strain patterns; SAMMC database: > 300 strain patterns). Overall, 93.7% (74 of 79) of strains present in each receiving laboratory's database were correctly identified. Five isolates were misidentified, and two isolates did not match serovar PFGE patterns in the receiving laboratory's database. Patterns for these seven isolates were identical between laboratories; four serovars represented misidentified reference strains. The PFGE methodology studied showed excellent interlaboratory reproducibility, enabling standardization and data sharing between laboratories. C1 San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Wright Patterson Med Ctr, Dept Med, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), 326 Royal Oaks Dr, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA. EM drhospenthal@gmail.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 2 BP 380 EP 384 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0768 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 195DS UT WOS:000322683100034 PM 23817329 ER PT J AU Adam, BW Chafin, DL de Jesus, VR AF Adam, Barbara W. Chafin, Dana L. de Jesus, Victor R. TI Stabilities of hemoglobins A and S in dried blood spots stored under controlled conditions SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Newborn screening; Sickle cell disease; Hemoglobin S; Hemoglobin A; Dried blood spots; Hemoglobin stability; Storage temperature; Storage humidity AB Objective: We aimed to measure separately the contributions of heat and humidity to changes in levels of hemoglobins A and S in dried-blood-spot (DBS) samples. Design and methods: We stored paired sets of DBSs at 37 degrees C for predetermined intervals in low-humidity and high-humidity environments. Hemoglobin A and S levels of all samples in each complete set were measured in a single high performance liquid chromatography run. Results: During the one-month storage intervals, both hemoglobin species lost about 35% of initial levels in low-humidity storage and almost all of initial levels in high-humidity storage. Conclusions: Minimizing both humidity and temperature in the transportation and storage environments of DBS samples is essential to maintaining the integrity of the hemoglobin tetramer molecules. (C) 2013 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Adam, Barbara W.; Chafin, Dana L.; de Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Adam, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Mailstop F-43,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BAdam@cdc.gov FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention; U.S. Department of Energy FX Co-author D.L. Chafin was funded by the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1089 EP 1092 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.05.043 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 191PK UT WOS:000322424900023 PM 23701845 ER PT J AU Whiteman, M Tepper, N Kottke, M Goedken, P Marchbanks, P Curtis, K AF Whiteman, M. Tepper, N. Kottke, M. Goedken, P. Marchbanks, P. Curtis, K. TI USE OF A CHECKLIST TO RULE OUT PREGNANCY IN TEENS SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Whiteman, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD AUG PY 2013 VL 88 IS 2 BP 317 EP 317 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 196BM UT WOS:000322748400098 ER PT J AU Zahran, HS Bailey, C AF Zahran, Hatice S. Bailey, Cathy TI Factors Associated with Asthma Prevalence among Racial and Ethnic Groups-United States, 2009-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE adults; asthma prevalence; current asthma; demographic characteristics; low income; predictors of asthma; race/ethnicity ID ADULTS AB Background. Although the causes of asthma are poorly understood, multiple factors (e. g., genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, and lifestyle) have been implicated in the development and exacerbation of the disease, Objectives. To identify the potential predictive factors of current asthma and to assess if the predictive ability of some factors differs by race and ethnicity, Methods. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2009-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to estimate asthma prevalence and to examine the potential predictive factors for asthma (sex, age, educational attainment, household income, obesity, smoking, physical activity, and health insurance) by race and ethnicity, Results. Of the 869,519 adult respondents in the survey, 8.6% reported having asthma. Asthma prevalence for all race/ethnic group was significantly higher among adults with a household income of <$ 15,000 (13.3%; adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] of 1.9) than those with income of >= $ 75,000 (6.8%). The prevalence was also higher among obese adults (11.6%; aPR = 1.5) than non-obese (7.3%), current and former smokers (10.5%; aPR = 1.2 and 8.8%; 1.2) than non-smokers (7.8%), and adults with health insurance (8.6%; aPR = 1.3) than adults without it (7.8%). However, the prevalence was lower among adults aged 65+(7.8; aPR = 0.7) than adults aged 18-34 (9.3%) and among adults who reported having leisure time physical activity (7.8%; aPR = 0.8) than adults who did not report it (10.7%). When examined among the racial/ethnic groups, these associations were observed among whites and blacks but not for the other four racial/ethnic groups, Conclusions. Predictive factors for asthma vary among the racial/ethnic groups. Identifying race/ethnicity-specific modifiable environmental and host-related factors (mold, pollens, house dust mites, cockroaches, animal allergens, other pollutants, education, income, obesity, smoking, physical activity, and health insurance status) can be important in developing targeted interventions to reduce the health and economic impact of asthma among the disproportionately affected segments of the United States population. C1 [Zahran, Hatice S.; Bailey, Cathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zahran, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HZahran@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD AUG PY 2013 VL 50 IS 6 BP 583 EP 589 DI 10.3109/02770903.2013.794238 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA 186HG UT WOS:000322032100008 PM 23574278 ER PT J AU Wang, CY Cogswell, ME Loria, CM Chen, TC Pfeiffer, CM Swanson, CA Caldwell, KL Perrine, CG Carriquiry, AL Liu, K Sempos, CT Gillespie, CD Burt, VL AF Wang, Chia-Yih Cogswell, Mary E. Loria, Catherine M. Chen, Te-Ching Pfeiffer, Christine M. Swanson, Christine A. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Perrine, Cria G. Carriquiry, Alicia L. Liu, Kiang Sempos, Christopher T. Gillespie, Cathleen D. Burt, Vicki L. TI Urinary Excretion of Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride, but Not Iodine, Varies by Timing of Collection in a 24-Hour Calibration Study SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; SALT INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Because of the logistic complexity, excessive respondent burden, and high cost of conducting 24-h urine collections in a national survey, alternative strategies to monitor sodium intake at the population level need to be evaluated. We conducted a calibration study to assess the ability to characterize sodium intake from timed-spot urine samples calibrated to a 24-h urine collection. In this report, we described the overall design and basic results of the study. Adults aged 18-39 y were recruited to collect urine for a 24-h period, placing each void in a separate container. Four timed-spot specimens (morning, afternoon, evening, and overnight) and the 24-h collection were analyzed for sodium, potassium, chloride, creatinine, and iodine. Of 481 eligible persons, 407 (54% female, 48% black) completed a 24-h urine collection. A subsample (n = 133) collected a second 24-h urine 4-11 d later. Mean sodium excretion was 3.54 +/- 1.51 g/d for males and 3.09 +/- 1.26 g/d for females. Sensitivity analysis excluding those who did not meet the expected creatinine excretion criterion showed the same results. Day-to-day variability for sodium, potassium, chloride, and iodine was observed among those collecting two 24-h urine samples (CV = 16-29% for 24-h urine samples and 21-41% for timed-spot specimens). Among all race-gender groups, overnight specimens had larger volumes (P < 0.01) and lower sodium (P < 0.01 to P = 0.26), potassium (P < 0.01), and chloride (P < 0.01) concentrations compared with other timed-spot urine samples, although the differences were not always significant. Urine creatinine and iodine concentrations did not differ by the timing of collection. The observed day-to-day and diurnal variations in sodium excretion illustrate the importance of accounting for these factors when developing calibration equations from this study. C1 [Wang, Chia-Yih; Chen, Te-Ching; Burt, Vicki L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Cogswell, Mary E.; Gillespie, Cathleen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perrine, Cria G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Loria, Catherine M.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Swanson, Christine A.; Sempos, Christopher T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Carriquiry, Alicia L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Liu, Kiang] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. EM cwang@cdc.gov FU U.S. government FX Supported by the U.S. government. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC, the NIH, or any other entity of the U.S. government. NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 143 IS 8 BP 1276 EP 1282 DI 10.3945/jn.113.175927 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 190NU UT WOS:000322348300012 PM 23761643 ER PT J AU Sun, XJ Jayaraman, A Maniprasad, P Raman, R Houser, KV Pappas, C Zeng, H Sasisekharan, R Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Sun, Xiangjie Jayaraman, Akila Maniprasad, Pavithra Raman, Rahul Houser, Katherine V. Pappas, Claudia Zeng, Hui Sasisekharan, Ram Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI N-Linked Glycosylation of the Hemagglutinin Protein Influences Virulence and Antigenicity of the 1918 Pandemic and Seasonal H1N1 Influenza A Viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INNATE IMMUNE-SYSTEM; RECEPTOR-BINDING; SITES; SPECIFICITY; CLEAVAGE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PATHOGENICITY; REQUIREMENTS; GLYCOPROTEIN AB The hemagglutinin (HA) protein is a major virulence determinant for the 1918 pandemic influenza virus; however, it encodes no known virulence-associated determinants. In comparison to seasonal influenza viruses of lesser virulence, the 1918 H1N1 virus has fewer glycosylation sequons on the HA globular head region. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we found that a 1918 HA recombinant virus, of high virulence, could be significantly attenuated in mice by adding two additional glycosylation sites (asparagine [Asn] 71 and Asn 286) on the side of the HA head. The 1918 HA recombinant virus was further attenuated by introducing two additional glycosylation sites on the top of the HA head at Asn 142 and Asn 172. In a reciprocal experimental approach, deletion of HA glycosylation sites (Asn 142 and Asn 177, but not Asn 71 and Asn 104) from a seasonal influenza H1N1 virus, A/Solomon Islands/2006 (SI/06), led to increased virulence in mice. The addition of glycosylation sites to 1918 HA and removal of glycosylation sites from SI/06 HA imposed constraints on the theoretical structure surrounding the glycan receptor binding sites, which in turn led to distinct glycan receptor binding properties. The modification of glycosylation sites for the 1918 and SI/06 viruses also caused changes in viral antigenicity based on cross-reactive hemagglutinin inhibition antibody titers with antisera from mice infected with wild-type or glycan mutant viruses. These results demonstrate that glycosylation patterns of the 1918 and seasonal H1N1 viruses directly contribute to differences in virulence and are partially responsible for their distinct antigenicity. C1 [Sun, Xiangjie; Houser, Katherine V.; Pappas, Claudia; Zeng, Hui; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunol & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Houser, Katherine V.] Emory Univ, Grad Program Immunol & Mol Pathogenesis, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jayaraman, Akila; Maniprasad, Pavithra; Raman, Rahul; Sasisekharan, Ram] MIT, Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Singapore MIT Alliance Res & Technol, Dept Biol Engn,Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunol & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [R37GM057073-13]; National Research Foundation FX This work was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health (R37GM057073-13) and the National Research Foundation-supported Interdisciplinary Research Group in Infectious Diseases of SMART (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology). NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 15 BP 8756 EP 8766 DI 10.1128/JVI.00593-13 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 180JO UT WOS:000321590200043 PM 23740978 ER PT J AU Massud, I Aung, W Martin, A Bachman, S Mitchell, J Aubert, R Tsegaye, TS Kersh, E Pau, CP Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Massud, Ivana Aung, Wutyi Martin, Amy Bachman, Shanon Mitchell, James Aubert, Rachael Tsegaye, Theodros Solomon Kersh, Ellen Pau, Chou-Pong Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Lack of Prophylactic Efficacy of Oral Maraviroc in Macaques despite High Drug Concentrations in Rectal Tissues SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; HIV PRECLINICAL INTERVENTIONS; CCR5 ANTAGONIST MARAVIROC; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR5; VAGINAL SHIV CHALLENGE; RHESUS MACAQUES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; DENDRITIC CELLS; TRANSMISSION AB Maraviroc (MVC) is a potent CCR5 coreceptor antagonist that is in clinical testing for daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. We used a macaque model consisting of weekly SHIV162p3 exposures to evaluate the efficacy of oral MVC in preventing rectal SHIV transmission. MVC dosing was informed by the pharmacokinetic profile seen in blood and rectal tissues and consisted of a human-equivalent dose given 24 h before virus exposure, followed by a booster postexposure dose. In rectal secretions, MVC peaked at 24 h (10,242 ng/ml) with concentrations at 48 h that were about 40 times those required to block SHIV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. Median MVC concentrations in rectal tissues at 24 h (1,404 ng/g) were 30 and 10 times those achieved in vaginal or lymphoid tissues, respectively. MVC significantly reduced macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta-induced CCR5 internalization in rectal mononuclear cells, an indication of efficient binding to CCR5 in rectal lymphocytes. The half-life of CCR5-bound MVC in PBMCs was 2.6 days. Despite this favorable profile, 5/6 treated macaques were infected during five rectal SHIV exposures as were 3/4 controls. MVC treatment was associated with a significant increase in the percentage of CD3(+)/CCR5(+) cells in blood. We show that high and durable MVC concentrations in rectal tissues are not sufficient to prevent SHIV infection in macaques. The increases in CD3(+)/CCR5(+) cells seen during MVC treatment point to unique immunological effects of CCR5 inhibition by MVC. The implications of these immunological effects on PrEP with MVC require further evaluation. C1 [Massud, Ivana; Aung, Wutyi; Martin, Amy; Bachman, Shanon; Mitchell, James; Aubert, Rachael; Tsegaye, Theodros Solomon; Kersh, Ellen; Pau, Chou-Pong; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggarcia-lerma@cdc.gov OI Tsegaye, Theodros Solomon/0000-0002-1573-4600 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y1-Al-0681-02]; National Institutes of Health [Y1-Al-0681-02] FX This study was partially supported by Interagency Agreement Y1-Al-0681-02 between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 16 BP 8952 EP 8961 DI 10.1128/JVI.01204-13 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 193CS UT WOS:000322535600013 PM 23740994 ER PT J AU Lauck, M Sibley, SD Lara, J Purdy, MA Khudyakov, Y Hyeroba, D Tumukunde, A Weny, G Switzer, WM Chapman, CA Hughes, AL Friedrich, TC O'Connor, DH Goldberg, TL AF Lauck, Michael Sibley, Samuel D. Lara, James Purdy, Michael A. Khudyakov, Yury Hyeroba, David Tumukunde, Alex Weny, Geoffrey Switzer, William M. Chapman, Colin A. Hughes, Austin L. Friedrich, Thomas C. O'Connor, David H. Goldberg, Tony L. TI A Novel Hepacivirus with an Unusually Long and Intrinsically Disordered NS5A Protein in a Wild Old World Primate SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; B TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN; FUNCTION PREDICTION; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; CODING REGION; NS3 PROTEASE; I-TASSER; IDENTIFICATION; DOMAIN AB GB virus B (GBV-B; family Flaviviridae, genus Hepacivirus) has been studied in New World primates as a model for human hepatitis C virus infection, but the distribution of GBV-B and its relatives in nature has remained obscure. Here, we report the discovery of a novel and highly divergent GBV-B-like virus in an Old World monkey, the black-and-white colobus (Colobus guereza), in Uganda. The new virus, guereza hepacivirus (GHV), clusters phylogenetically with GBV-B and recently described hepaciviruses infecting African bats and North American rodents, and it shows evidence of ancient recombination with these other hepaciviruses. Direct sequencing of reverse-transcribed RNA from blood plasma from three of nine colobus monkeys yielded near-complete GHV genomes, comprising two distinct viral variants. The viruses contain an exceptionally long nonstructural 5A (NS5A) gene, approximately half of which codes for a protein with no discernible homology to known proteins. Computational structure-based analyses indicate that the amino terminus of the GHV NS5A protein may serve a zinc-binding function, similar to the NS5A of other viruses within the family Flaviviridae. However, the 521-amino-acid carboxy terminus is intrinsically disordered, reflecting an unusual degree of structural plasticity and polyfunctionality. These findings shed new light on the natural history and evolution of the hepaciviruses and on the extent of structural variation within the Flaviviridae. C1 [Lauck, Michael; O'Connor, David H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. [Sibley, Samuel D.; Friedrich, Thomas C.; Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lara, James; Purdy, Michael A.; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hyeroba, David; Tumukunde, Alex; Weny, Geoffrey; Goldberg, Tony L.] Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, Dept Anthropol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, Sch Environm, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hughes, Austin L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Friedrich, Thomas C.; O'Connor, David H.; Goldberg, Tony L.] Wisconsin Natl Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Goldberg, TL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM tgoldberg@vetmed.wisc.edu OI Sibley, Samuel/0000-0002-6754-3187; o'connor, david/0000-0003-2139-470X; Friedrich, Thomas/0000-0001-9831-6895 FU NIH as part of the NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program [TW009237]; UK Economic and Social Research Council [P51OD011106, P51RR000167]; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Wisconsin Partnership Program through the Wisconsin Center for Infectious Disease (WisCID) FX This work was funded by NIH grant TW009237 as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic and Social Research Council, through grants P51OD011106 and P51RR000167 to the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, and by the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Wisconsin Partnership Program through the Wisconsin Center for Infectious Disease (WisCID). NR 73 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 87 IS 16 BP 8971 EP 8981 DI 10.1128/JVI.00888-13 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 193CS UT WOS:000322535600015 PM 23740998 ER PT J AU Matteelli, A Schlagenhauf, P Carvalho, ACC Weld, L Davis, XM Wilder-Smith, A Barnett, ED Parola, P Pandey, P Han, P Castelli, F AF Matteelli, Alberto Schlagenhauf, Patricia Carvalho, Anna C. C. Weld, Leisa Davis, Xiaohong M. Wilder-Smith, Annelies Barnett, Elizabeth D. Parola, Philippe Pandey, Prativa Han, Pauline Castelli, Francesco TI Acute HIV infection at travel clinics reply SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Matteelli, Alberto; Carvalho, Anna C. C.; Castelli, Francesco] Univ Brescia, Inst Infect & Trop Dis, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. [Schlagenhauf, Patricia] Univ Zurich, WHO Collaborating Ctr Travel Med, Zurich, Switzerland. [Davis, Xiaohong M.; Han, Pauline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilder-Smith, Annelies] Nanyang Technol Univ, Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Wilder-Smith, Annelies] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Baden Wurttemberg, Germany. [Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Parola, Philippe] Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Hosp Inst Infect & Trop Dis, Marseille, France. [Parola, Philippe] Assistance Publ Hop Marseille, Marseille, France. [Pandey, Prativa] CIWEC Clin Travel Med Ctr, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Matteelli, A (reprint author), Univ Brescia, Inst Infect & Trop Dis, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. EM matteelli@med.unibs.it RI Wilder-Smith, Annelies/F-8751-2015; Matteelli, Alberto/M-8784-2015 OI Matteelli, Alberto/0000-0001-5109-9248 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 8 BP 651 EP 652 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70180-4 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 189VN UT WOS:000322296500010 PM 23886325 ER PT J AU Guarner, J Liu, L Bhatnagar, J Jones, T Patel, M DeLeon-Carnes, M Zaki, SR AF Guarner, Jeannette Liu, Lindy Bhatnagar, Julu Jones, Tara Patel, Mitesh DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene Zaki, Sherif R. TI Neutrophilic bacterial meningitis: pathology and etiologic diagnosis of fatal cases SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial meningitis; diagnosis; etiology ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MOLECULAR ASSAYS; INFECTIONS; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; PATHOGENESIS; TISSUE AB The frequency of fatalities due to acute bacterial meningitis has decreased significantly due to vaccinations, early diagnoses, and treatments. We studied brain tissues of patients with fatal neutrophilic meningitis referred to the Centers for Disease Control for etiologic diagnosis from 2000-2009 to highlight aspects of the disease that may be preventable or treatable. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from records. Of 117 cases in the database with a diagnosis of meningitis or meningoencephalitis, 39 had neutrophilic inflammation in the meninges. Inflammatory cells infiltrated the superficial cortex in 16 of 39 (41%) cases. Bacteria were found using Gram and bacterial silver stains in 72% of cases, immunohistochemistry in 69% (including two cases where the meningococcus was found outside the meninges), and PCR in 74%. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the cause of the meningitis in 14 patients and Neisseria meningitidis in 9. In addition, Streptococcus spp. were found to be the cause in six cases, while Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Fusobacterium were the cause of one case each. There were six cases in which no specific etiological agent could be determined. The mean age of the patients with S. pneumoniae was 39 years (range 0-65), with N. meningitidis was 19 years (range 7-51), whereas that for all others was 31 years (range 0-68). In summary, our study shows that S. pneumoniae continues to be the most frequent cause of fatal neutrophilic bacterial meningitis followed by N. meningitidis, both vaccine preventable diseases. C1 [Guarner, Jeannette] Emory Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Liu, Lindy; Bhatnagar, Julu; Jones, Tara; Patel, Mitesh; DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guarner, J (reprint author), Emory Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 1364 Clifton Rd NE,Room F149B, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jguarne@emory.edu RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1076 EP 1085 DI 10.1038/modpathol.2013.30 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 193PV UT WOS:000322573800007 PM 23558577 ER PT J AU King, BA Dube, SR Tynan, MA AF King, Brian A. Dube, Shanta R. Tynan, Michael A. TI Attitudes Toward Smoke-Free Workplaces, Restaurants, and Bars, Casinos, and Clubs Among US Adults: Findings From the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; FREE POLICIES; LEGISLATION; SUPPORT AB Introduction: An increasing number of U.S. states and communities have implemented smoke-free policies prohibiting smoking in all indoor workplaces and public areas. Public attitudes toward smoke-free environments are an evidenced-based, key indicator for the successful implementation and enforcement of smoke-free policies. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey, a landline and cell phone survey of adults aged years old residing in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The overall proportion of respondents who reported that smoking should "never be allowed" in workplaces, restaurants, and bars/casinos/clubs was calculated, both nationally and by state. National estimates were also calculated by sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, annual household income, sexual orientation, and smoking status. Results: Nationally, 81.6% of U.S. adults think workplaces should be smoke-free (state range: 68.6% [Kentucky] to 89.1% [California]); 74.9% think restaurants should be smoke-free (state range: 59.5% [Missouri] to 84.6% [California]); 50.0% think bars/casinos/clubs should be smoke-free (state range: 32.3% [Nevada] to 61.3% [Maine]); and 47.5% think workplaces, restaurants, and bars/casinos/clubs should be smoke-free (state range: 30.3% [Nevada] to 58.8% [Maine]). Regardless of venue type, women, older individuals, non-Hispanic Asians, individuals with higher education and income, and nonsmokers were the most likely to think these environments should be smoke-free. Conclusions: A majority of U.S. adults think workplaces and restaurants should be smoke-free, while half think bars, casinos, and clubs should be smoke-free. Continued efforts are needed to educate the public about the dangers of secondhand smoke and the benefits of smoke-free indoor environments. C1 [King, Brian A.; Dube, Shanta R.; Tynan, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [King, Brian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1464 EP 1470 DI 10.1093/ntr/nts342 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187CF UT WOS:000322093700017 PM 23296211 ER PT J AU Hofstetter, AM Vargas, CY Kennedy, A Kitayama, K Stockwell, MS AF Hofstetter, Annika M. Vargas, Celibell Y. Kennedy, Allison Kitayama, Ken Stockwell, Melissa S. TI Parental and provider preferences and concerns regarding text message reminder/recall for early childhood vaccinations SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Children; Text message; Reminder/recall ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION REMINDERS; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE; RECALL; NOTIFICATIONS; INTERVENTIONS; TECHNOLOGIES; POPULATION; ATTENDANCE AB Objective: To assess parental, provider, and medical staff opinions about text message reminder/recall for early childhood vaccination. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and March 2011 among 200 parents of 6-59 month-old children, 26 providers, and 20 medical staff at four academically-affiliated pediatric practices in New York City with text messaging experience. Survey questions addressed interest in, preferences for, and concerns/barriers related to vaccine-related text message reminder/recall. Results: Parents were primarily Latino, Spanish-speaking, and had a high school education or less. Most parents owned a text message-enabled cell phone (89%) and used text messaging services (97%). While 84% had never received health-related text messages, 88% were comfortable receiving them. Nearly all parents reported interest in receiving reminder/recall text messages, many endorsing them over phone calls and/or letters. Preferences included personalization, interactivity, and multiple messages. While 25% of parents had no concerns, 38% were concerned about incorrect numbers; only 6% worried about cost. Providers and staff were also supportive of vaccine-related text messages. Their biggest concerns were correct cell phone numbers, appointment availability, and increased call volume. Conclusion: Text message reminder/recall for early childhood vaccination was widely supported. Important barriers were identified that should be addressed to maximize their effectiveness. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hofstetter, Annika M.; Vargas, Celibell Y.; Kitayama, Ken; Stockwell, Melissa S.] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Child & Adolescent Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Hofstetter, Annika M.; Stockwell, Melissa S.] Morgan Stanley Childrens Hosp New York Presbyteri, New York, NY USA. [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stockwell, Melissa S.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Populat & Family Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Stockwell, MS (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pediat, Div Child & Adolescent Hlth, 622 W 168th St,VC 402, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM mss2112@columbia.edu RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01IP000313] FX We would like to thank New York-Presbyterian Hospital Ambulatory Care Network as well as the families, providers, and medical staff who participated in this study. This study was supported by the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01IP000313). NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 57 IS 2 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.04.007 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 191LE UT WOS:000322413700002 PM 23624252 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Perry, GS Chapman, DP Croft, JB AF Wheaton, Anne G. Perry, Geraldine S. Chapman, Daniel P. Croft, Janet B. TI Self-Reported Sleep Duration and Weight-Control Strategies Among US High School Students SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE Adolescence; sleep; weight management ID ANOREXIA-NERVOSA; EATING-DISORDERS; ANXIETY DISORDERS; ADOLESCENT SLEEP; BULIMIA-NERVOSA; RISK BEHAVIORS; DISTURBANCE; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Study Objective: To determine if self-reported sleep duration was associated with weight-control behaviors among US high school students. Design: National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Setting: United States, 2007. Participants: US high school students (N = 12,087). Measurements: Students were asked if they had engaged in several weight-control behaviors during the 30 days before the survey to lose or maintain weight. Self-reported sleep duration categories included very short (= 5 h), short (6 or 7 h), referent moderate (8 or 9 h), and long (= 10 h). Sex-specific logistic regression analyses with race/ethnicity, grade, and body mass index category as covariates were conducted using SUDAAN to account for complex study design. Results: Approximately half the students reported short sleep duration (51.8% of males and 54.3% of females), whereas very short sleep durations were reported by another 14.8% of males and 16.9% of females. Among males, very short sleepers were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely than moderate sleepers to report dieting (36.3% versus 26.1%), fasting (14.2% versus 4.3%), and purging (4.3% versus 1.1%) to lose or maintain weight during the 30 days before the survey. Among females, the respective very short, short, and moderate sleepers varied (P < 0.05) in dieting (59.9%, 55.0%, and 47.5% respectively), fasting (28.3%, 15.2%, and 10.3%, respectively), and taking diet pills (13.3%, 6.8%, and 4.3%, respectively). Prevalence of purging was significantly higher only for very short sleepers (12.3%, 6.0%, and 3.9%, respectively). Conclusion: Self-reported short sleep duration was associated with dieting and three unhealthy weight-control behaviors in this population. If our findings are confirmed, intervention studies should be conducted to examine the effect of educational interventions. C1 [Wheaton, Anne G.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AWheaton@cdc.gov FU Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [3U50CD300860] FX Dr. Wheaton was supported through a cooperative agreement between the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), award number 3U50CD300860. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Parts of this manuscript were presented at the American Public Health Association's 138th Annual Meeting and Exposition in Denver, CO on November 10, 2010. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1139 EP 1145 DI 10.5665/sleep.2872 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 193RF UT WOS:000322578500007 PM 23904673 ER PT J AU Koonin, L Baeza, S Cropley, J Simone, K Bogdan, G AF Koonin, Lisa Baeza, Salvador Cropley, Joe Simone, Karen Bogdan, Gregory TI Planning for a coordinated network of nurse triage lines during an influenza pandemic: Critical role for poison control centers SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Public health; Poison center; Pandemic influenza response C1 [Bogdan, Gregory] Denver Hlth, Rocky Mt Poison & Drug Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Koonin, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baeza, Salvador] West Texas Reg Poison Ctr, El Paso, TX USA. [Cropley, Joe] Washington Poison Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Simone, Karen] MaineHealth, Northern New England Poison Ctr, Portland, ME USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 MA 269 BP 697 EP 697 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 188PH UT WOS:000322204400279 ER PT J AU Law, R Schauben, J Watkins, S Stanbury, M Simms, E Miller, K Mulay, P Schier, J AF Law, Royal Schauben, Jay Watkins, Sharon Stanbury, Martha Simms, Erin Miller, Kimberly Mulay, Prakash Schier, Joshua TI Perspectives on collaboration between poison centers and health departments SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Poison center; Public health; Collaboration C1 [Law, Royal; Schier, Joshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamble, GA USA. [Schauben, Jay] Amer Assoc Poison Control Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. [Simms, Erin; Miller, Kimberly] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 MA 270 BP 697 EP 698 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 188PH UT WOS:000322204400280 ER PT J AU Pomerleau, AC Law, RK Bronstein, AC Chang, AS AF Pomerleau, Adam C. Law, Royal K. Bronstein, Alvin C. Chang, Arthur S. TI Syndromic surveillance for acute radiation syndrome using the National Poison Data System: findings over a one-year period SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Radiation; Surveillance; Public health C1 [Pomerleau, Adam C.; Law, Royal K.; Chang, Arthur S.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bronstein, Alvin C.] Amer Assoc Poison Control Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 MA 301 BP 711 EP 712 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 188PH UT WOS:000322204400311 ER PT J AU Ludwig, A Sato, K Schirmer, P Maniar, A Lucero-Obusan, C Fleming, C Ryono, R Oda, G Winters, M Holodniy, M AF Ludwig, A. Sato, K. Schirmer, P. Maniar, A. Lucero-Obusan, C. Fleming, C. Ryono, R. Oda, G. Winters, M. Holodniy, M. TI Concurrent outbreaks with co-infection of norovirus and Clostridium difficile in a long-term-care facility SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Clostridium difficile; Norwalk agent and related viruses; outbreaks ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; GASTROENTERITIS AB We describe an outbreak of simultaneous Clostridium difficile and norovirus infections in a long-term-care facility. Thirty patients experienced acute gastroenteritis, and four had co-infection with identical C. difficile 027 and genotype II.4 New Orleans norovirus strains. Co-occurring infection requires improved understanding of risk factors, clinical impact, and testing strategies. C1 [Ludwig, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ludwig, A.; Schirmer, P.; Lucero-Obusan, C.; Ryono, R.; Oda, G.; Winters, M.; Holodniy, M.] Vet Hlth Adm, Off Publ Hlth, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Sato, K.] Vet Affairs Northern Calif Hlth Syst, Qual Improvement Dept, Sacramento, CA USA. [Maniar, A.] Vet Affairs Northern Calif Hlth Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Sacramento, CA USA. [Maniar, A.] Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Fleming, C.] Vet Affairs Northern Calif Hlth Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Sacramento, CA USA. [Holodniy, M.] Stanford Univ, Div Infect Dis & Geog Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Ludwig, A (reprint author), Vet Hlth Adm, Off Publ Hlth, 3801 Miranda Ave 132, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM Alison.Ludwig@va.gov FU Department of Veterans Affairs FX The authors thank the patients and staff of the Community Living Center, Jane Inaura, NP, of Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System and the infection control staff who greatly assisted with the investigation. This investigation was supported by intramural funding from the Department of Veterans Affairs. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Veterans Affairs, Health and Human Services or the U.S. Government nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 141 IS 8 BP 1598 EP 1603 DI 10.1017/S0950268813000241 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 182RZ UT WOS:000321763100004 PM 23433360 ER PT J AU Freitas, FTM Souza, LRO Azziz-Baumgartner, E Cheng, PY Zhou, H Widdowson, MA Shay, DK Oliveira, WK Araujo, WN AF Freitas, F. T. M. Souza, L. R. O. Azziz-Baumgartner, E. Cheng, P. Y. Zhou, H. Widdowson, M. A. Shay, D. K. Oliveira, W. K. Araujo, W. N. TI Influenza-associated excess mortality in southern Brazil, 1980-2008 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Brazil; epidemiology; influenza ID CHRONIC LUNG-DISEASE; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; PNEUMONIA; EPIDEMICS; DEATHS; VACCINATION; IMPACT; TROPICS; AGE AB In order to estimate influenza-associated excess mortality in southern Brazil, we applied Serfling regression models to monthly mortality data from 1980 to 2008 for pneumonia/influenza- and respiratory/circulatory-coded deaths for all ages and for those aged >= 60 years. According to viral data, 73.5% of influenza viruses were detected between April and August in southern Brazil. There was no clear influenza season for northern Brazil. In southern Brazil, influenza-associated excess mortality was 1.4/100000 for all ages and 9.2/100000 person-years for persons aged >= 60 years using underlying pneumonia/influenza-coded deaths and 10.0/100000 for all ages and 86.6/100000 person-years for persons aged >= 60 years using underlying respiratory/circulatory-coded deaths. Influenza-associated excess mortality rates for southern Brazil are similar to those published for other countries. Our data support the need for continued influenza surveillance to guide vaccination campaigns to age groups most affected by this virus in Brazil. C1 [Freitas, F. T. M.; Souza, L. R. O.; Oliveira, W. K.; Araujo, W. N.] Minist Hlth, Hlth Surveillance Secretariat, BR-70304000 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Azziz-Baumgartner, E.; Cheng, P. Y.; Zhou, H.; Widdowson, M. A.; Shay, D. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Freitas, FTM (reprint author), Minist Saude, Unidade Doenc Resp & Imunopreviniveis, Setor Comercial Sul, Quadra 4,Bloco A,2 Andar, BR-70304000 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM felipe.freitas@saude.gov.br OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933; Araujo, Wildo/0000-0002-6856-4094; Oliveira, Wanderson/0000-0002-9662-1930 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 141 IS 8 BP 1731 EP 1740 DI 10.1017/S0950268812002221 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 182RZ UT WOS:000321763100019 PM 23040669 ER PT J AU Oramasionwu, GE Heilig, CM Udomsantisuk, N Kimerling, ME Eng, B Nguyen, HD Thai, S Keo, C McCarthy, KD Varma, JK Cain, KP AF Oramasionwu, G. E. Heilig, C. M. Udomsantisuk, N. Kimerling, M. E. Eng, B. Nguyen, H. D. Thai, S. Keo, C. McCarthy, K. D. Varma, J. K. Cain, K. P. TI The utility of stool cultures for diagnosing tuberculosis in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; HIV; diagnostic tests; routine; bacteriological techniques; South-East Asia ID XPERT MTB/RIF TEST; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CHRONIC DIARRHEA; HIV; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; SPECIMENS; ACCURACY; PCR AB BACKGROUND: Delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) increases mortality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether stool culture improves the diagnosis of TB in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). DESIGN: We analysed cross-sectional data of TB diagnosis in PLHIV in Cambodia, Thailand and Viet Nam. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between positive stool culture and TB, and to calculate the incremental yield of stool culture. RESULTS: A total of 1693 PLHIV were enrolled with a stool culture result. Of 228 PLHIV with culture-confirmed TB from any site, 101 (44%) had a positive stool culture; of these, 91 (90%) had pulmonary TB (PTB). After adjusting for confounding factors, a positive stool culture was associated with smear-negative (odds ratio [OR] 26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12-58), moderately smear-positive (OR 60, 95 %CI 23-159) and highly smear-positive (OR 179, 95%CI 59-546) PTB compared with no PTB. No statistically significant association existed with extra-pulmonary TB compared with no extra-pulmonary TB (OR 2, 95%CI 1-5). The incremental yield of one stool culture above two sputum cultures (5%, 95% CI 3-8) was comparable to an additional sputum culture (7%, 95 %CI 4-11). CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the PLHIV with TB had a positive stool culture that was strongly associated with PTB. Stool cultures may be used to diagnose TB in PLHIV. C1 [Oramasionwu, G. E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heilig, C. M.; McCarthy, K. D.; Cain, K. P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Udomsantisuk, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kimerling, M. E.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, TB Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Eng, B.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battambang Off, Battambang, Cambodia. [Nguyen, H. D.] Pham Ngoc Thach Hosp TB & Lung Dis, TB & Lung Dis Dept, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Thai, S.] Sihanouk Hosp Ctr HOPE, Dept Infect Dis, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Keo, C.] Battambang Prov Referral Hosp, TB Lab, Battambang, Cambodia. [Varma, J. K.] New York Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Dis Control, New York, NY USA. RP Oramasionwu, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyo8@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310 FU US Agency for International Development FX This study was supported by a grant from the US Agency for International Development. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1023 EP 1028 DI 10.5588/ijtld.13.0061 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 187FM UT WOS:000322102300007 PM 23827025 ER PT J AU Pettygrove, S Pinborough-Zimmerman, J Meaney, FJ Braun, KV Nicholas, J Miller, L Miller, J Rice, C AF Pettygrove, Sydney Pinborough-Zimmerman, Judith Meaney, F. John Braun, Kim Van Naarden Nicholas, Joyce Miller, Lisa Miller, Judith Rice, Catherine TI Predictors of Ascertainment of Autism Spectrum Disorders Across Nine US Communities SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Autism spectrum disorders; Education; Epidemiology; Surveillance; Methods; Intellectual disability ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; METROPOLITAN-AREA; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; ACCESS; DISPARITIES; SURVEILLANCE AB Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) prevalence estimates derived from a single data source under-identify children and provide a biased profile of case characteristics. We analyzed characteristics of 1,919 children with ASD identified by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. Cases ascertained only at education sources were compared to those identified at health sources. 38 % were education-only. These were older at their earliest evaluation (54.5 vs. 42.0 months, p < 0.001) and earliest ASD diagnosis (62 vs. 53 months, p < 0.001). More lived in census blocks with lower adult education (p < 0.001). Lower educational attainment of adults in census blocks of residence of education-only cases suggests disparities in access to clinical services with the schools providing crucial services to many families. C1 [Pettygrove, Sydney] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pinborough-Zimmerman, Judith] Univ Utah, Dept Psychiat, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Meaney, F. John] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Rice, Catherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dev Disabil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nicholas, Joyce] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Communicable Dis Epidemiol Program, Denver, CO USA. [Miller, Judith] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Pettygrove, S (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sydneyp@u.arizona.edu RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 FU NCBDD CDC HHS [UR3/DD000078]; PHS HHS [UR3/CCU523235] NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0162-3257 J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD JI J. Autism Dev. Disord. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1867 EP 1879 DI 10.1007/s10803-012-1732-4 PG 13 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 185KK UT WOS:000321966300011 PM 23239097 ER PT J AU Marsh, AA Finger, EC Fowler, KA Adalio, CJ Jurkowitz, ITN Schechter, JC Pine, DS Decety, J Blair, RJR AF Marsh, Abigail A. Finger, Elizabeth C. Fowler, Katherine A. Adalio, Christopher J. Jurkowitz, Ilana T. N. Schechter, Julia C. Pine, Daniel S. Decety, Jean Blair, R. J. R. TI Empathic responsiveness in amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex in youths with psychopathic traits SO JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Psychopathy; adolescents; empathy; pain; amygdala; conduct disorder ID CALLOUS-UNEMOTIONAL TRAITS; ONSET CONDUCT DISORDER; COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE PERSPECTIVE; VENTROMEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; CHILDREN; PAIN; FEAR AB Background: Psychopathic traits are associated with increases in antisocial behaviors such as aggression and are characterized by reduced empathy for others' distress. This suggests that psychopathic traits may also impair empathic pain sensitivity. However, whether psychopathic traits affect responses to the pain of others versus the self has not been previously assessed. Method: We used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural activation in 14 adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder and psychopathic traits, as well as 21 healthy controls matched on age, gender, and intelligence. Activation in structures associated with empathic pain perception was assessed as adolescents viewed photographs of pain-inducing injuries. Adolescents imagined either that the body in each photograph was their own or that it belonged to another person. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed using random-effects analysis of variance. Results: Youths with psychopathic traits showed reduced activity within regions associated with empathic pain as the depicted pain increased. These regions included rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum (putamen), and amygdala. Reductions in amygdala activity particularly occurred when the injury was perceived as occurring to another. Empathic pain responses within both amygdala and rostral anterior cingulate cortex were negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathic traits as indexed by PCL: YV scores. Conclusions: Youths with psychopathic traits show less responsiveness in regions implicated in the affective response to another's pain as the perceived intensity of this pain increases. Moreover, this reduced responsiveness appears to predict symptom severity. C1 [Marsh, Abigail A.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Finger, Elizabeth C.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Clin Neurol Sci, London, ON, Canada. [Fowler, Katherine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adalio, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jurkowitz, Ilana T. N.; Schechter, Julia C.; Pine, Daniel S.; Blair, R. J. R.] NIMH, Mood & Anxiety Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Decety, Jean] Univ Chicago, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Decety, Jean] Univ Chicago, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Marsh, AA (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Psychol, 37th & O St NW,WGR 302-A, Washington, DC 20057 USA. EM aam72@georgetown.edu RI Finger, Elizabeth/B-6453-2015 FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH:NIMH; NICHD [R03HD 06 4906] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH:NIMH and the NICHD (R03HD 06 4906). The authors thank Ken Towbin, Andy Speer, and Steven Sinclair for their assistance with this research. Data included in this manuscript were presented at the 2012 meeting of the Social & Affective Neuroscience Society. NR 51 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 7 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-9630 J9 J CHILD PSYCHOL PSYC JI J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2013 VL 54 IS 8 BP 900 EP 910 DI 10.1111/jcpp.12063 PG 11 WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 185LY UT WOS:000321970700010 PM 23488588 ER PT J AU Atkinson, R Maguire, H Gerner-Smidt, P AF Atkinson, Robyn Maguire, Hugh Gerner-Smidt, Peter TI A Challenge and an Opportunity To Improve Patient Management and Public Health Surveillance for Food-Borne Infections through Culture-Independent Diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Atkinson, Robyn] Utah Unified State Lab, Taylorsville, UT USA. [Maguire, Hugh] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Lab Serv Div, Denver, CO USA. [Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Atkinson, R (reprint author), Utah Unified State Lab, Taylorsville, UT USA. EM rmatkinson@utah.gov NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 8 BP 2479 EP 2482 DI 10.1128/JCM.00253-13 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 185FO UT WOS:000321951800003 PM 23515538 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Pham, CD Gade, L Iqbal, N Scheel, CM Cleveland, AA Whitney, AM Noble-Wang, J Chiller, TM Park, BJ Litvintseva, AP Brandt, ME AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Pham, Cau D. Gade, Lalitha Iqbal, Naureen Scheel, Christina M. Cleveland, Angela A. Whitney, Anne M. Noble-Wang, Judith Chiller, Tom M. Park, Benjamin J. Litvintseva, Anastasia P. Brandt, Mary E. TI Preliminary Laboratory Report of Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone Injections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDURAL STEROID INJECTIONS; CHRONIC LOW-BACK; ASPERGILLUS MENINGITIS; EXSEROHILUM-ROSTRATUM; UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; SRI-LANKA; IDENTIFICATION; DNA; BACTERIA AB In September 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) initiated an outbreak investigation of fungal infections linked to injection of contaminated methylprednisolone acetate (MPA). Between 2 October 2012 and 14 February 2013, the CDC laboratory received 799 fungal isolates or human specimens, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), synovial fluid, and abscess tissue, from 469 case patients in 19 states. A novel broad-range PCR assay and DNA sequencing were used to evaluate these specimens. Although Aspergillus fumigatus was recovered from the index case, Exserohilum rostratum was the primary pathogen in this outbreak and was also confirmed from unopened MPA vials. Exserohilum rostratum was detected or confirmed in 191 specimens or isolates from 150 case patients, primarily from Michigan (n = 67 patients), Tennessee (n = 26), Virginia (n = 20), and Indiana (n = 16). Positive specimens from Michigan were primarily abscess tissues, while positive specimens from Tennessee, Virginia, and Indiana were primarily CSF. E. rostratum antifungal susceptibility MIC50 and MIC90 values were determined for voriconazole (1 and 2 mu g/ml, respectively), itraconazole (0.5 and 1 mu g/ml), posaconazole (0.5 and 1 mu g/ml), isavuconazole (4 and 4 mu g/ml), and amphotericin B (0.25 and 0.5 mu g/ml). Thirteen other mold species were identified among case patients, and four other fungal genera were isolated from the implicated MPA vials. The clinical significance of these other fungal species remains under investigation. The laboratory response provided significant support to case confirmation, enabled linkage between clinical isolates and injected vials of MPA, and described significant features of the fungal agents involved in this large multistate outbreak. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Pham, Cau D.; Gade, Lalitha; Iqbal, Naureen; Scheel, Christina M.; Cleveland, Angela A.; Chiller, Tom M.; Park, Benjamin J.; Litvintseva, Anastasia P.; Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Whitney, Anne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Noble-Wang, Judith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin & Environm Microbiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 8 BP 2654 EP 2661 DI 10.1128/JCM.01000-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 185FO UT WOS:000321951800026 PM 23761142 ER PT J AU Bell, TR Molinari, NM Blumensaadt, S Selent, MU Arbisi, M Shah, N Christiansen, D Philen, R Puesta, B Jones, J Lee, D Vang, A Cohen, NJ AF Bell, Teal R. Molinari, NoelleAngelique M. Blumensaadt, Sena Selent, Monica U. Arbisi, Michael Shah, Neha Christiansen, Demian Philen, Rossanne Puesta, Benjamin Jones, Joshua Lee, Deborah Vang, Arnold Cohen, Nicole J. TI Impact of Port of Entry Referrals on Initiation of Follow-Up Evaluations for Immigrants with Suspected Tuberculosis: Illinois SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Evaluation; Tuberculosis; Referral; Immigrants ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; REFUGEES; COUNTY; CALIFORNIA AB US-bound immigrants with suspected non-infectious TB are encouraged to be medically re-evaluated after arrival in the United States. We evaluated the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's immigrant referral process, designed to facilitate timely post-arrival evaluations. Over 1,200 immigrants with suspected TB arriving during October 1, 2008-September 30, 2010 were identified. In 2011, differences in days to evaluation initiation were assessed by referral type using survival analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Among those receiving any referral, median time to post-arrival evaluation was significantly lower compared with immigrants receiving no referral (16 vs. 69 days, respectively; p < 0.0001). After adjusting for the covariates, immigrants receiving any referral initiated follow-up at 4 times the rate (adjusted hazard ratio = 4.0; p < 0.0001) of those receiving no referral. Implementing a referral system at US ports of entry will improve timeliness and increase the proportion of immigrants initiating domestic evaluation. C1 [Bell, Teal R.; Molinari, NoelleAngelique M.; Blumensaadt, Sena; Selent, Monica U.; Shah, Neha; Philen, Rossanne; Puesta, Benjamin; Lee, Deborah; Vang, Arnold; Cohen, Nicole J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bell, Teal R.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arbisi, Michael] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Christiansen, Demian] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Control Unit, Chicago, IL USA. [Jones, Joshua] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Program, Chicago, IL USA. RP Cohen, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop C-01, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kby5@cdc.gov; ncohen@cdc.gov FU NCHM CDC HHS [5U38HM000414] NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 673 EP 679 DI 10.1007/s10903-013-9779-7 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 175OW UT WOS:000321241100002 PM 23393046 ER PT J AU Harris-Adamson, C Eisen, EA Dale, AM Evanoff, B Hegmann, KT Thiese, MS Kapellusch, JM Garg, A Burt, S Bao, S Silverstein, B Gerr, F Merlino, L Rempel, D AF Harris-Adamson, Carisa Eisen, Ellen A. Dale, Ann Marie Evanoff, Bradley Hegmann, Kurt T. Thiese, Matthew S. Kapellusch, Jay M. Garg, Arun Burt, Susan Bao, Stephen Silverstein, Barbara Gerr, Fred Merlino, Linda Rempel, David TI Personal and workplace psychosocial risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome: a pooled study cohort SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; GENERAL-POPULATION; OCCUPATIONAL COHORT; WASHINGTON-STATE; WORK; PREVALENCE; INDUSTRIAL; SYMPTOMS; DISEASE AB Background Between 2001 and 2010, six research groups conducted coordinated multiyear, prospective studies of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) incidence in US workers from various industries and collected detailed subject-level exposure information with follow-up symptom, physical examination, electrophysiological measures and job changes. Objective This analysis of the pooled cohort examined the incidence of dominant-hand CTS in relation to demographic characteristics and estimated associations with occupational psychosocial factors and years worked, adjusting for confounding by personal risk factors. Methods 3515 participants, without baseline CTS, were followed-up to 7years. Case criteria included symptoms and an electrodiagnostic study consistent with CTS. Adjusted HRs were estimated in Cox proportional hazard models. Workplace biomechanical factors were collected but not evaluated in this analysis. Results Women were at elevated risk for CTS (HR=1.30; 95% CI 0.98 to 1.72), and the incidence of CTS increased linearly with both age and body mass index (BMI) over most of the observed range. High job strain increased risk (HR=1.86; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.14), and social support was protective (HR=0.54; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.95). There was an inverse relationship with years worked among recent hires with the highest incidence in the first 3.5years of work (HR=3.08; 95% CI 1.55 to 6.12). Conclusions Personal factors associated with an increased risk of developing CTS were BMI, age and being a woman. Workplace risk factors were high job strain, while social support was protective. The inverse relationship between CTS incidence and years worked among recent hires suggests the presence of a healthy worker survivor effect in the cohort. C1 [Harris-Adamson, Carisa; Eisen, Ellen A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Harris-Adamson, Carisa] Samuel Merritt Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Dale, Ann Marie; Evanoff, Bradley] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Med Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Hegmann, Kurt T.; Thiese, Matthew S.] Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Rocky Mt Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Kapellusch, Jay M.] Univ Wisconsin, Occupat Sci & Technol Dept, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Garg, Arun] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Ergon, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Burt, Susan] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bao, Stephen; Silverstein, Barbara] Washington State Dept Labor & Ind, Safety & Hlth Assessment & Res Prevent SHARP Prog, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. [Gerr, Fred; Merlino, Linda] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Rempel, David] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Rempel, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Harris-Adamson, C (reprint author), Samuel Merritt Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, 450 30th St Suite 3708, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. EM charrisadamson@samuelmerritt.edu; david.rempel@ucsf.edu RI Dale, Ann Marie/P-1382-2014; OI Dale, Ann Marie/0000-0002-5624-8967; Burt, Susan/0000-0002-4353-9773; Evanoff, Bradley A./0000-0003-0085-333X; Thiese, Matthew/0000-0003-4505-2907 FU Center for Disease Control/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R01OH009712] FX This study was supported by research funding from the Center for Disease Control/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (R01OH009712). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 20 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 70 IS 8 BP 529 EP 537 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101365 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187JR UT WOS:000322114400003 PM 23645610 ER PT J AU Fujishiro, K Diez-Roux, AV Landsbergis, PA Jenny, NS Seeman, T AF Fujishiro, Kaori Diez-Roux, Ana V. Landsbergis, Paul A. Jenny, Nancy Swords Seeman, Teresa TI Current employment status, occupational category, occupational hazard exposure and job stress in relation to telomere length: the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID O-ASTERISK-NET; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIFE STRESS; OLDER MEN; HEALTH; MORTALITY; WORK; CANCER; ASSOCIATION AB Objective Telomere length has been proposed as a biomarker of cell senescence, which is associated with a wide array of adverse health outcomes. While work is a major determinant of health, few studies have investigated the association of telomere length with various dimensions of occupation. Accelerated cellular aging could be a common pathway linking occupational exposure to several health outcomes. Methods Leukocyte telomere length was assessed using quantitative PCR in a community-based sample of 981 individuals (age: 45-84years). Questionnaires were used to collect information on current employment status, current or main occupation before retirement and job strain. The Occupational Resource Network (O*NET) database was linked to the questionnaire data to create five exposure measures: physical activity on the job, physical hazard exposure, interpersonal stressors, job control and job demands. Linear regression was used to estimate associations of occupational characteristics with telomere lengths after adjustment for age, sex, race, socioeconomic position and several behavioural risk factors. Results There were no mean differences in telomere lengths across current employment status, occupational category, job strain categories or levels of most O*NET exposure measures. There was also no evidence that being in lower status occupational categories or being exposed to higher levels of adverse physical or psychosocial exposures accelerated the association between age and telomere shortening. Conclusions Cellular aging as reflected by shorter telomeres does not appear to be an important pathway linking occupation to various health outcomes. C1 [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Diez-Roux, Ana V.] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Landsbergis, Paul A.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Jenny, Nancy Swords] Univ Vermont, Dept Pathol, Colchester, VT USA. [Seeman, Teresa] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Fujishiro, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfujishiro@cdc.gov FU National Heart [R01-HL-101161, N01-HC-95169, N01-HC-95159]; Blood Institute [UL1-RR-024156, UL1-RR-025005]; National Center for Research Resources FX This research was supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95169, and R01-HL-101161 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and by grants UL1-RR-024156 and UL1-RR-025005 from the National Center for Research Resources. NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 30 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 70 IS 8 BP 552 EP 560 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-101296 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187JR UT WOS:000322114400006 PM 23686115 ER PT J AU Burt, S Deddens, JA Crombie, K Jin, Y Wurzelbacher, S Ramsey, J AF Burt, Susan Deddens, James A. Crombie, Ken Jin, Yan Wurzelbacher, Steve Ramsey, Jessica TI A prospective study of carpal tunnel syndrome: workplace and individual risk factors SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HAND ACTIVITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; WORK; OCCUPATION; EXPOSURE; INDEX; FORCE; WRIST; CTS AB Objectives To quantify the risk for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) from workplace physical factors, particularly hand activity level and forceful exertion, while taking into account individual factors including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and pre-existing medical conditions. Methods Three healthcare and manufacturing workplaces were selected for inclusion on the basis of range of exposure to hand activity level and forceful exertion represented by their jobs. Each study participant's job tasks were observed and evaluated onsite and videotaped for further analysis, including frequency and duration of exertion and postural deviation. Individual health assessment entailed electrodiagnostic testing of median and ulnar nerves, physical examination and questionnaires at baseline with annual follow-up for 2years. Results The incidence of dominant hand CTS during the study was 5.11 per 100 person-years (29 cases). Adjusted HRs for dominant hand CTS were as follows: working with forceful exertion 20% but <60% of the time: 2.83 (1.18, 6.79) and 60% of the time vs <20%: 19.57 (5.96, 64.24), BMI 30kg/m(2) (obesity): 3.19 (1.28, 7.98). The American Conference for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for hand activity level also predicted CTS, HR=1.40 (1.11, 1.78) for each unit increase in the TLV ratio, controlling for obesity and job strain. Conclusions Workplace and individual risk factors both contribute to the risk for CTS. Time spent in forceful exertion can be a greater risk for CTS than obesity if the job exposure is high. Preventive workplace efforts should target forceful exertions. C1 [Burt, Susan; Deddens, James A.; Jin, Yan; Wurzelbacher, Steve] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Crombie, Ken] USDA, FSIS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramsey, Jessica] NIOSH, DSHEFS HETAB, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Burt, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sburt@cdc.gov OI Burt, Susan/0000-0002-4353-9773 FU Centers for Disease Control; National Institute for Occupational Safety; Health National Occupational Research Agenda I research program FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Occupational Research Agenda I research program in 2000. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 16 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 70 IS 8 BP 568 EP 574 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-101287 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187JR UT WOS:000322114400008 PM 23788614 ER PT J AU Okal, J Geibel, S Muraguri, N Musyoki, H Tun, W Broz, D Kuria, D Kim, A Oluoch, T Raymond, HF AF Okal, Jerry Geibel, Scott Muraguri, Nicolas Musyoki, Helgar Tun, Waimar Broz, Dita Kuria, David Kim, Andrea Oluoch, Tom Raymond, H. Fisher TI Estimates of the size of key populations at risk for HIV infection: men who have sex with men, female sex workers and injecting drug users in Nairobi, Kenya SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article DE Africa; Developing World; Epidemiology (General); HIV AB Objectives Size estimates of populations at higher risk for HIV infection are needed to help policy makers understand the scope of the epidemic and allocate appropriate resources. Population size estimates of men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and intravenous drug users (IDU) are few or non-existent in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods We integrated three population size estimation methods into a behavioural surveillance survey among MSM, FSW and IDU in Nairobi during 2010-2011. These methods included the multiplier method, Wisdom of the Crowds' and an approach that drew on published literature. The median of the three estimates was hypothesised to be the most plausible size estimate with the other results forming the upper and lower plausible bounds. Data were shared with community representatives and stakeholders to finalise best' point estimates and plausible bounds based on the data collected in Nairobi, a priori expectations from the global literature and stakeholder input. Results We estimate there are approximately 11042 MSM with a plausible range of 10000-22222, 29494 FSW with a plausible range of 10000-54467 FSW and approximately 6107 IDU and plausibly 5031-10937 IDU living in Nairobi. Conclusions We employed multiple methods and used a wide range of data sources to estimate the size of three hidden populations in Nairobi, Kenya. These estimates may be useful to advocate for and to plan, implement and evaluate HIV prevention and care programmes for MSM, FSW and IDU. Surveillance activities should consider integrating population size estimation in their protocols. C1 [Okal, Jerry; Geibel, Scott] Populat Council, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muraguri, Nicolas; Musyoki, Helgar] Natl AIDS & STD Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Tun, Waimar] Populat Council, Washington, DC USA. [Broz, Dita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kuria, David] Gay & Lesbian Coalit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kim, Andrea; Oluoch, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Raymond, H. Fisher] HIV AIDS Stat & Epidemiol, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. RP Raymond, HF (reprint author), HIV AIDS Stat & Epidemiol, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM hfisher.raymond@sfdph.org OI Oluoch, Tom/0000-0001-9621-5900 FU National HIV and STI Control Programme (NASCOP); National AIDS Control Council; University of Manitoba's Sex Worker Outreach Programme (SWOP); Liverpool Voluntary Counseling and Testing; Gay and Lesbian Coalition of Kenya (GALCK); Nairobi Outreach Services Trust (NOSET); Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC); Casino STI Clinic; PEPFAR through CDC and through the Population Council's cooperative agreement of Award [5U62PS224506] FX The authors thank the National HIV and STI Control Programme (NASCOP), the National AIDS Control Council, the University of Manitoba's Sex Worker Outreach Programme (SWOP), Liverpool Voluntary Counseling and Testing, the Gay and Lesbian Coalition of Kenya (GALCK), Nairobi Outreach Services Trust (NOSET), the Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Casino STI Clinic and the participants for sharing their service data and other respective supportive roles in the successful completion of this research. We also thank NOSET. This study was funded by PEPFAR through CDC and through the Population Council's cooperative agreement of Award No. 5U62PS224506. The contents and opinions expressed herein are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 5 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 15 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 5 BP 366 EP 371 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051071 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 187KL UT WOS:000322116900008 PM 23761166 ER PT J AU Torrone, EA Satterwhite, CL Scholes, D Yu, OC Berman, S Peterman, TA AF Torrone, Elizabeth A. Satterwhite, Catherine L. Scholes, Delia Yu, Onchee Berman, Stuart Peterman, Thomas A. TI Estimating chlamydia re-infection rates: an empirical example SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia Infection; Surveillance; Bacterial Infection ID INFECTION; PROGRAM AB Objective Chlamydia re-infection data are used to inform and evaluate chlamydia control programmes. We quantitatively investigated the effect of denominator selection on estimating re-infection rates and trends. Methods Using data on women aged 15-44years enrolled in Group Health Cooperative (GH), a Pacific Northwest health plan, annual chlamydia re-infection rates from 1998 to 2006 were calculated. Three different denominators were compared using person-years contributed by: (1) all women; (2) women with a prior documented chlamydial infection regardless of whether they were retested; and (3) women with a prior chlamydial infection who were retested within 14months. Results From 1998 to 2006, among all women 15-44years enrolled in GH, re-infection rates increased from 64 to 149 cases per 100000 person-years. Among women with a prior infection, rates decreased from 10857 to 8782 cases per 100000 person-years. Among women with a prior infection who were retested, rates increased from 29374 to 42475 cases per 100000 person-years. Conclusions Using the same dataset, we demonstrate that it is possible to tell three different stories about the magnitude of rates and trends in chlamydia re-infection among women by using different denominators. All of these strategies have limitations, but restricting the denominator to women with a prior infection who are retested may best represent the population at-risk for re-infection. Still, rates do not account for additional factors influencing the number of re-infections diagnosed, including screening coverage and changes in test technology. Caution is needed in examining and comparing re-infection data. C1 [Torrone, Elizabeth A.; Satterwhite, Catherine L.; Peterman, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Torrone, Elizabeth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Sci, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Scholes, Delia; Yu, Onchee] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Torrone, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,M-S E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM igf0@cdc.gov FU Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX This work was supported by funds from the Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 89 IS 5 BP 388 EP 390 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050970 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 187KL UT WOS:000322116900016 PM 23644175 ER PT J AU Hattemer, A Hauser, A Diaz, M Scheetz, M Shah, N Allen, JP Porhomayon, J El-Solh, AA AF Hattemer, Angela Hauser, Alan Diaz, Maureen Scheetz, Marc Shah, Nirav Allen, Jonathan P. Porhomayon, Jahan El-Solh, Ali A. TI Bacterial and Clinical Characteristics of Health Care- and Community-Acquired Bloodstream Infections Due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; III PROTEIN SECRETION; RISK-FACTORS; ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY; ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY; BACTEREMIA; MORTALITY; IMPACT; RESISTANCE; OUTCOMES AB Health care-associated infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection, have been linked to delays in appropriate antibiotic therapy and an increased mortality rate. The objective of this study was to evaluate intrinsic virulence, bacterial resistance, and clinical outcomes of health care-associated bloodstream infections (HCABSIs) in comparison with those of community-acquired bloodstream infections (CABSIs) caused by P. aeruginosa. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study of consecutive P. aeruginosa bacteremia patients at two university-affiliated hospitals. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected. Microbiologic analyses included in vitro susceptibility profiles and type III secretory (TTS) phenotypes. Sixty CABSI and 90 HCABSI episodes were analyzed. Patients with HCABSIs had more organ dysfunction at the time of bacteremia (P = 0.05) and were more likely to have been exposed to antimicrobial therapy (P < 0.001) than those with CABSIs. Ninety-two percent of the carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa infections were characterized as HCABSIs. The 30-day mortality rate for CABSIs was 26% versus 36% for HCABSIs (P = 0.38). The sequential organ failure assessment score at the time of bacteremia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 1.3) and the TTS phenotype (HR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.9) were found to be independent predictors of the 30-day mortality rate. No mortality rate difference was observed between CABSIs and HCABSIs caused by P. aeruginosa. Severity of illness and expression of TTS proteins were the strongest predictors of the 30-day mortality rate due to P. aeruginosa bacteremia. Future P. aeruginosa bacteremia trials designed to neutralize TTS proteins are warranted. C1 [Hattemer, Angela; Porhomayon, Jahan; El-Solh, Ali A.] Vet Affairs Western New York Healthcare Syst, Buffalo, NY USA. [Hattemer, Angela; El-Solh, Ali A.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Med, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Hauser, Alan; Scheetz, Marc; Allen, Jonathan P.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Diaz, Maureen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Nirav] Univ Chicago, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Porhomayon, Jahan; El-Solh, Ali A.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP El-Solh, AA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Western New York Healthcare Syst, Buffalo, NY USA. EM solh@buffalo.edu RI Scheetz, Marc/P-3630-2015 OI Scheetz, Marc/0000-0002-1091-6130 FU NIH [R01AI053674] FX The study was partially supported by NIH R01AI053674 (A.R.H.). NR 46 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 57 IS 8 BP 3969 EP 3975 DI 10.1128/AAC.02467-12 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 182RO UT WOS:000321761800065 PM 23733476 ER PT J AU Seeff, LC Rohan, EA AF Seeff, Laura C. Rohan, Elizabeth A. TI Lessons learned from the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; fecal occult blood testing; colonoscopy; cancer screening programs; colorectal cancer prevention ID UNITED-STATES AB This report briefly summarizes 13 articles in this dedicated supplement to Cancer documenting the full implementation and evaluation of CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP). The supplement includes 3 articles that describe clinical and quality outcomes; 2 articles that describe programmatic and clinical costs; 3 that were based on a multiple case study, using qualitative methods to describe the overall implementation experience of this initiative; and 4 articles written by and about individual program sites. The comprehensive, multi-methods evaluation conducted alongside the program produced many important lessons regarding the design, start-up, and implementation of colorectal cancer screening in this high-need population, and paved the way for the CDC to establish a larger, population-based colorectal cancer control initiative, broadly aligned with expectations of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act through its population-based emphasis on using a health systems approach to increase colorectal cancer screening. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2817-9. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. This introduction includes a brief overview of each article in this supplement and summarizes all components of the evaluation (ie, clinical, cost, and a qualitative case study) of the implementation period of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program. The multimethod design and interdisciplinary nature of the program evaluation are highlighted. C1 [Seeff, Laura C.; Rohan, Elizabeth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Seeff, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lseeff@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2817 EP 2819 DI 10.1002/cncr.28165 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700001 PM 23868475 ER PT J AU Seeff, LC Royalty, J Helsel, WE Kammerer, WG Boehm, JE Dwyer, DM Howe, WR Joseph, D Lane, DS Laughlin, M Leypoldt, M Marroulis, SC Mattingly, CA Nadel, MR Phillips-Angeles, E Rockwell, TJ Ryerson, AB Tangka, FKL AF Seeff, Laura C. Royalty, Janet Helsel, William E. Kammerer, William G. Boehm, Jennifer E. Dwyer, Diane M. Howe, William R., Jr. Joseph, Djenaba Lane, Dorothy S. Laughlin, Melinda Leypoldt, Melissa Marroulis, Steven C. Mattingly, Cynthia A. Nadel, Marion R. Phillips-Angeles, Ellen Rockwell, Tanner J. Ryerson, A. Blythe Tangka, Florence K. L. TI Clinical outcomes from the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; colonoscopy; fecal occult blood testing; cancer screening programs; colorectal cancer prevention ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; UNITED-STATES; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; ENDOSCOPIC CAPACITY; COLONOSCOPY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; INTERVENTIONS; SURVEILLANCE AB BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among US men and women. Screening rates have been slow to increase, and disparities in screening remain. METHODS To address the disparity in screening for this high burden but largely preventable disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) designed and established a 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) in 2005 for low-income, under-insured or uninsured men and women aged 50 to 64 years in 5 participating US program sites. In this report, the authors describe the design of the CRCSDP and the overall clinical findings and screening test performance characteristics, including the positive fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) rate; the rates of polyp, adenoma, and cancer detection with FOBTs and colonoscopies; and the positive predicative value for polyps, adenomas, and cancers. RESULTS In total, 5233 individuals at average risk and increased risk were screened for colorectal cancer across all 5 sites, including 44% who underwent screening FOBT and 56% who underwent screening colonoscopy. Overall, 77% of all individuals screened were women. The FOBT positivity rate was 10%. Results from all screening or diagnostic colonoscopies indicated that 75% had negative results and required a repeat screening colonoscopy in 10 years, 16% had low-risk adenomas and required surveillance colonoscopy in 5 to 10 years, 8% had high-risk adenomas and required surveillance colonoscopy in 3 years, and 0.6% had invasive cancers. CONCLUSIONS This report documents the successes and challenges in implementing the CDC's CRCSDP and describes the clinical outcomes of this 4-year initiative, the patterns in program uptake and test choice, and the comparative test performance characteristics of FOBT versus colonoscopy. Patterns in final outcomes from the follow-up of positive screening tests were consistent with national registry data. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2820-33. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention designed and established a 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) in 2005 for low-income, under-insured or uninsured men and women aged 50 to 64 years in 5 participating US program sites. This report documents the successful implementation of the CRCSDP and describes the clinical outcomes of this 4-year initiative, patterns in program uptake and test choice, challenges in implementation of fecal occult blood test screening programs, and comparative test performance characteristics of fecal occult blood testing versus colonoscopy. C1 [Seeff, Laura C.; Royalty, Janet; Boehm, Jennifer E.; Joseph, Djenaba; Nadel, Marion R.; Ryerson, A. Blythe; Tangka, Florence K. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Helsel, William E.; Kammerer, William G.; Howe, William R., Jr.; Marroulis, Steven C.; Mattingly, Cynthia A.; Rockwell, Tanner J.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Dwyer, Diane M.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lane, Dorothy S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Laughlin, Melinda] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Leypoldt, Melissa] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. [Phillips-Angeles, Ellen] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. RP Seeff, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Comprehens Canc Control Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lseeff@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2820 EP 2833 DI 10.1002/cncr.28163 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700002 PM 23868476 ER PT J AU Nadel, MR Royalty, J Shapiro, JA Joseph, D Seeff, LC Lane, DS Dwyer, DM AF Nadel, Marion R. Royalty, Janet Shapiro, Jean A. Joseph, Djenaba Seeff, Laura C. Lane, Dorothy S. Dwyer, Diane M. TI Assessing screening quality in the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal neoplasms; mass screening; colonoscopy; fecal occult blood; quality indicators; health care ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; SOCIETY-TASK-FORCE; SURVEILLANCE COLONOSCOPY; CONSENSUS UPDATE; NATIONAL-SURVEY; POLYPECTOMY; PHYSICIANS; RECOMMENDATIONS; INDICATORS; GUIDELINES AB BACKGROUND Gaps in screening quality in community practice have been well documented. The authors examined recommended indicators of screening quality in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP), which provided colorectal cancer screening and diagnostic services between 2005 and 2009 for asymptomatic, low-income, underinsured, or uninsured individuals at 5 sites around the United States. METHODS For each client screened in the CRCSDP, a standardized set of colorectal cancer clinical data elements was collected. Data regarding client age, screening history, risk level, screening test indication, results, and recommendation for the next test were analyzed. For colonoscopies, data were analyzed regarding whether the cecum was reached, bowel preparation was adequate, and identified lesions were completely removed. RESULTS Overall, 53% of the fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) (2295 tests) distributed were completed and returned. At the 2 sites with adequate numbers of FOBTs, 77% and 97%, respectively, of clients with positive results received follow-up colonoscopies. Site-specific cecal intubation rates ranged from 90% to 98%. Adenoma detection rates were 32% for men and 21% for women. For approximately one-third of colonoscopies, the recommended interval to the next test was shorter than recommended by national guidelines. At some sites, endoscopists failed to report on the adequacy of bowel preparation and completeness of polyp removal. CONCLUSIONS Cecal intubation rates and adenoma detection rates met recommended levels. The authors identified the need for improvements in the follow-up of positive FOBTs, documentation of important elements in colonoscopy reports, and recommendations for rescreening or surveillance intervals after colonoscopy. Monitoring quality indicators is important to improve screening quality. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2834-41. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. Examination of the quality of screening provided in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program indicated that cecal intubation rates and adenoma detection rates met recommended levels. The authors identified the need for improvement in the follow-up of positive fecal occult blood tests, documentation of important elements in colonoscopy reports, and recommendations for rescreening or surveillance intervals after colonoscopy. C1 [Nadel, Marion R.; Royalty, Janet; Shapiro, Jean A.; Joseph, Djenaba; Seeff, Laura C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lane, Dorothy S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Dwyer, Diane M.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Nadel, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mrn1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2834 EP 2841 DI 10.1002/cncr.28164 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700003 PM 23868477 ER PT J AU Castro, G Azrak, MF Seeff, LC Royalty, J AF Castro, Georgina Azrak, M. Fuad Seeff, Laura C. Royalty, Janet TI Outpatient Colonoscopy Complications in the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program A Prospective Analysis SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE complications; colonoscopy; screening; colorectal cancer; perforation ID SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; PERFORATIONS; POPULATION; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; ENDOSCOPY; OUTCOMES; ADULTS AB BACKGROUND To the authors's knowledge, there are few published prospective cohort studies of colonoscopy complications in patients at average risk for colorectal cancer who received colorectal cancer screening from a community-based program. In this article, the authors report the rate of colonoscopy complications in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP), which provided colorectal cancer screening to a medically underserved population aged 50 years to 64 years for screening, diagnostic follow-up after positive stool blood tests, and surveillance purposes. METHODS Clinical data were collected prospectively from 5 community-based colorectal cancer screening programs. Complications were identified by reviewing the standardized clinical data and medical complication reporting forms submitted by the programs to the CDC. Serious complications were defined as conditions or symptoms that resulted in hospital admission within 30 days after the procedure, including perforation, gastrointestinal bleeding requiring or not requiring blood transfusion, cardiopulmonary events, postpolypectomy syndrome, excessive abdominal pain, or death. RESULTS A total of 3215 individuals underwent 3355 colonoscopies. Of these, 89% of the colonoscopies were conducted for screening, 9% were conducted for diagnostic follow-up, and 2% were conducted for surveillance purposes. The mean age of the individuals was 55.9 years. Eight individuals experienced serious complications, for an incidence of 2.38 per 1000 colonoscopies. Three patients experienced bowel perforations that required surgery, 1 patient was hospitalized for postpolypectomy bleeding, 3 patients experienced cardiopulmonary events, and 1 patient visited the emergency room for excessive abdominal pain and underwent surgery for an identified colorectal mass. No deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS In the CDC's CRCSDP, in which a total of 3215 individuals underwent 3355 colonoscopies, the overall incidence of serious complications from colonoscopy was found to be low. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2849-54. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. This article reports the rate of complications from colonoscopy in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program. The overall incidence of serious complications from colonoscopy was 2.38 per 1000 procedures. C1 [Castro, Georgina; Seeff, Laura C.; Royalty, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Azrak, M. Fuad] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Castro, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Gcastro@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2849 EP 2854 DI 10.1002/cncr.28159 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700005 PM 23868479 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S Tangka, FKL Hoover, S Beebe, MC DeGroff, A Royalty, J Seeff, LC AF Subramanian, Sujha Tangka, Florence K. L. Hoover, Sonja Beebe, Maggie C. DeGroff, Amy Royalty, Janet Seeff, Laura C. TI Costs of planning and implementing the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer; cancer screening programs; clinical costs; nonclinical costs; cost assessment ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; DATCAP AB BACKGROUND The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) initiated the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) to explore the feasibility of establishing a large-scale colorectal cancer screening program for underserved populations in the United States. The authors of the current report provide a detailed description of the total program costs (clinical and nonclinical) incurred during both the start-up and service delivery (screening) phases of the 4-year program. METHODS Tailored cost questionnaires were completed by staff at the 5 CRCSDP sites. Cost data were collected for clinical services and nonclinical programmatic activities (program management, data collection, and tracking, etc). In-kind contributions also were measured and were assigned monetary values. RESULTS Nearly $11.3 million was expended by the 5 sites over 4 years, and 71% was provided by the CDC. The proportion of funding spent on clinical service delivery and service delivery/patient support comprised the largest proportion of cost during the implementation phase (years 2-4). The per-person nonclinical cost comprised a substantial portion of total costs for all sites. The cost per person screened varied across the 5 sites and by screening method. Overall, economies of scale were observed, with lower costs resulting from larger numbers of individuals screened. CONCLUSIONS Programs incur substantial variable costs related to clinical services and semivariable costs related to nonclinical services. Therefore, programs that serve large populations are likely to achieve a lower cost per person. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2855-62. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. This report provides a detailed description of the total program (clinical and nonclinical) costs incurred during both the start-up and service delivery (screening) phases of the 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program implemented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. C1 [Subramanian, Sujha; Hoover, Sonja; Beebe, Maggie C.] RTI Int, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Tangka, Florence K. L.; DeGroff, Amy; Royalty, Janet; Seeff, Laura C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Subramanian, S (reprint author), RTI Int, 1440 Main St,Suite 310, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. EM ssubramanian@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030, 200-2002-00575] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. Funding for the economic evaluation was also provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Contract No. 200-2002-00575, Task order 009). NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2855 EP 2862 DI 10.1002/cncr.28158 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700006 PM 23868480 ER PT J AU Tangka, FKL Subramanian, S Beebe, MC Hoover, S Royalty, J Seeff, LC AF Tangka, Florence K. L. Subramanian, Sujha Beebe, Maggie C. Hoover, Sonja Royalty, Janet Seeff, Laura C. TI Clinical costs of colorectal cancer screening in 5 federally funded demonstration programs SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE clinical cost; cost assessment; colorectal cancer; cancer screening program; colorectal cancer ID UNITED-STATES AB BACKGROUND The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiated the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) to explore the feasibility of establishing a large-scale colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program for underserved populations in the United States. The authors of this report assessed the clinical costs incurred at each of the 5 participating sites during the demonstration period. METHODS By using data on payments to providers by each of the 5 CRCSDP sites, the authors estimated costs for specific clinical services and overall clinical costs for each of the 2 CRC screening methods used by the sites: colonoscopy and fecal occult blood test (FOBT). RESULTS Among CRCSDP clients who were at average risk for CRC and for whom complete cost data were available, 2131 were screened by FOBT, and 1888 were screened by colonoscopy. The total average clinical cost per individual screened by FOBT (including costs for screening, diagnosis, initial surveillance, office visits, and associated clinical services averaged across all individuals who received screening FOBT) ranged from $48 in Nebraska to $149 in Greater Seattle. This compared with an average clinical cost per individual for all services related to the colonoscopy screening ranging from $654 in St. Louis to $1600 in Baltimore City. CONCLUSIONS Variations in how sites contracted with providers and in the services provided through CRCSDP affected the cost of clinical services and the complexity of collecting cost data. Health officials may find these data useful in program planning and budgeting. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2863-9. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. By using data on payments to providers from each of the 5 Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) sites, the authors estimate costs for specific clinical services and overall clinical costs for each of the 2 colorectal cancer screening methods used: colonoscopy and fecal occult blood test. The results indicate that variations in how sites contracted with providers and in the services provided through the CRCSDP affected the cost of clinical services and the complexity of collecting cost data. C1 [Tangka, Florence K. L.; Royalty, Janet; Seeff, Laura C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Subramanian, Sujha; Beebe, Maggie C.; Hoover, Sonja] RTI Int, Waltham, MA USA. RP Tangka, FKL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ftangka@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030, 200-2002-00575] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. Support for this article was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Contract No. 200-2002-00575, Task Order 009). NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2863 EP 2869 DI 10.1002/cncr.28154 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700007 PM 23868481 ER PT J AU Rohan, EA Boehm, JE DeGroff, A Glover-Kudon, R Preissle, J AF Rohan, Elizabeth A. Boehm, Jennifer E. DeGroff, Amy Glover-Kudon, Rebecca Preissle, Judith TI Implementing the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program: Wisdom from the field SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; program evaluation; qualitative evaluation; interdisciplinary communication; early detection of cancer; cancer screening tests; collaboration; taboo; program implementation ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COMMUNITY-HEALTH-CENTER; TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; COLONOSCOPY; INTERVENTION; PERCEPTIONS; DISPARITIES; AMERICANS; BARRIERS AB BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer, as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women in the United States, represents an important area for public health intervention. Although colorectal cancer screening can prevent cancer and detect disease early when treatment is most effective, few organized public health screening programs have been implemented and evaluated. From 2005 to 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded 5 sites to participate in the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP), which was designed to reach medically underserved populations. METHODS The authors conducted a longitudinal, multiple case study to analyze program implementation processes. Qualitative methods included interviews with 100 stakeholders, 125 observations, and review of 19 documents. Data were analyzed within and across cases. RESULTS Several themes related to CRCSDP implementation emerged from the cross-case analysis: the complexity of colorectal cancer screening, the need for teamwork and collaboration, integration of the program into existing systems, the ability of programs to use wisdom at the local level, and the influence of social norms. Although these themes were explored independently from 1 another, interaction across themes was evident. CONCLUSIONS Colorectal cancer screening is clinically complex, and its screening methods are not well accepted by the general public; both of these circumstances have implications for program implementation. Using patient navigation, engaging in transdisciplinary teamwork, assimilating new programs into existing clinical settings, and deferring to local-level wisdom together helped to address complexity and enhance program implementation. In addition, public health efforts must confront negative social norms around colorectal cancer screening. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2870-83. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. Findings from this qualitative, multiple case study evaluation of program implementation processes highlight the following themes: the complexity of colorectal cancer screening, teamwork and collaboration, integration of the program into existing systems, the ability of programs to use wisdom at the local level, and the influence of social norms. Implications include using patient navigation, engaging in transdisciplinary teamwork, assimilating new programs into existing clinical settings, and deferring to local-level wisdom to help address complexity and enhance program implementation; public health efforts must confront negative social norms around colorectal cancer screening. C1 [Rohan, Elizabeth A.; Boehm, Jennifer E.; DeGroff, Amy; Glover-Kudon, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glover-Kudon, Rebecca] Univ Georgia, Univ Hlth Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Preissle, Judith] Univ Georgia, Qualitat Res Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Rohan, EA (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM erohan@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number RFA AA030. NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2870 EP 2883 DI 10.1002/cncr.28162 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700008 PM 23868482 ER PT J AU Boehm, JE Rohan, EA Preissle, J DeGroff, A Glover-Kudon, R AF Boehm, Jennifer E. Rohan, Elizabeth A. Preissle, Judith DeGroff, Amy Glover-Kudon, Rebecca TI Recruiting Patients into the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program Strategies and Challenges Across 5 Sites SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; program evaluation; qualitative evaluation; program implementation; patient recruitment ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE; GENERAL-POPULATION; HELP-SEEKING; HEALTH-CARE; SAFETY-NET; PREVENTION; BARRIERS; INTERVENTIONS AB BACKGROUND In 2005, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded 5 sites as part of the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) to provide colorectal cancer screening to low-income, uninsured, and underinsured individuals. Funded sites experienced unexpected challenges in recruiting patients for services. METHODS The authors conducted a longitudinal, qualitative case study of all 5 sites to document program implementation, including recruitment. Data were collected during 3 periods over the 4-year program and included interviews, document review, and observations. After coding and analyzing the data, themes were identified and triangulated across the research team. Patterns were confirmed through member checking, further validating the analytic interpretation. RESULTS During early implementation, patient enrollment was low at 4 of the 5 CRCSDP sites. Evaluators found 3 primary challenges to patient recruitment: overreliance on in-reach to National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program patients, difficulty keeping colorectal cancer screening and the program a priority among staff at partnering primary care clinics responsible for patient recruitment, and a lack of public knowledge about the need for colorectal cancer screening among patients. To address these challenges, site staff expanded partnerships with additional primary care networks for greater reach, enhanced technical support to primary care providers to ensure more consistent patient enrollment, and developed tailored outreach and education. CONCLUSIONS Removing financial barriers to colorectal cancer screening was necessary but not sufficient to reach the priority population. To optimize colorectal cancer screening, public health practitioners must work closely with the health care sector to implement evidence-based, comprehensive strategies across individual, environmental, and systems levels of society. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2914-25. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. Despite removing financial barriers to colorectal cancer screening, sites funded for the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) found unexpected challenges in recruiting patients for their services and altered their strategies to patient recruitment by adopting more comprehensive approaches. To optimize colorectal cancer screening, public health practitioners must work closely with the health care sector to implement evidence-based, comprehensive strategies across individual, environmental, and systems levels. C1 [Boehm, Jennifer E.; Rohan, Elizabeth A.; DeGroff, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Preissle, Judith] Univ Georgia, Qualitat Res Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Glover-Kudon, Rebecca] Univ Georgia, Univ Hlth Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Boehm, JE (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-52, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JBoehm@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number: RFA AA030. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2914 EP 2925 DI 10.1002/cncr.28161 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700012 PM 23868486 ER PT J AU Glover-Kudon, R DeGroff, A Rohan, EA Preissle, J Boehm, JE AF Glover-Kudon, Rebecca DeGroff, Amy Rohan, Elizabeth A. Preissle, Judith Boehm, Jennifer E. TI Developmental Milestones Across the Programmatic Life Cycle Implementing the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; program implementation; program evaluation; program development; qualitative methods; multiple case study; technical assistance ID HEALTH-PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; SUSTAINABILITY; PREVENTION AB BACKGROUND In 2005 through 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded 5 sites to implement a colorectal cancer screening program for uninsured, low-income populations. These 5 sites composed a demonstration project intended to explore the feasibility of establishing a national colorectal cancer screening program through various service delivery models. METHODS A longitudinal, multiple case study was conducted to understand and document program implementation processes. Using metaphor as a qualitative analytic technique, evaluators identified stages of maturation across the programmatic life cycle. RESULTS Analysis rendered a working theory of program development during screening implementation. In early stages, program staff built relationships with CDC and local partners around screening readiness, faced real-world challenges putting program policies into practice, revised initial program designs, and developed new professional skills. Midterm implementation was defined by establishing program cohesiveness and expanding programmatic reach. In later stages of implementation, staff focused on sustainability and formal program closeout, which prompted reflection about personal and programmatic accomplishments. CONCLUSIONS Demonstration sites evolved through common developmental stages during screening implementation. Findings elucidate ways to target technical assistance to more efficiently move programs along their maturation trajectory. In practical terms, the time and cost associated with guiding a program to maturity may be potentially shortened to maximize return on investment for both organizations and clients receiving service benefits. Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2926-39. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. In a longitudinal qualitative evaluation of 5 sites that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded to provide colorectal cancer screening programs for uninsured, low-income populations, a developmental model was discovered to represent the programs' maturation over time. Demonstration sites evolved through common stages during screening implementation, suggesting key areas of technical assistance to more efficiently move programs along their maturation trajectory. C1 [Glover-Kudon, Rebecca] Univ Georgia, Univ Hlth Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Glover-Kudon, Rebecca; DeGroff, Amy; Rohan, Elizabeth A.; Boehm, Jennifer E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Preissle, Judith] Univ Georgia, Qualitat Res Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Glover-Kudon, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Program Serv Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Bldg 107,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RGloverKudon@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity RFA AA030. NR 85 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2926 EP 2939 DI 10.1002/cncr.28166 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700013 PM 23868487 ER PT J AU Seeff, LC DeGroff, A Joseph, DA Royalty, J Tangka, FKL Nadel, MR Plescia, M AF Seeff, Laura C. DeGroff, Amy Joseph, Djenaba A. Royalty, Janet Tangka, Florence K. L. Nadel, Marion R. Plescia, Marcus TI Moving forward: Using the experience of the CDCs' Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program to guide future colorectal cancer programming efforts SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; colonoscopy ID ENDOSCOPIC CAPACITY; CT COLONOGRAPHY; COLONOSCOPY; POPULATION; QUALITY; IMPLEMENTATION AB BACKGROUND The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established and supported a 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) from 2005 to 2009 for low-income, under- or uninsured men and women aged 50-64 at 5 sites in the United States. METHODS A multiple methods evaluation was conducted including 1) a longitudinal, comparative case study of program implementation, 2) the collection and analysis of client-level screening and diagnostic services outcome data, and 3) the collection and analysis of program- and patient-level cost data. RESULTS Several themes emerged from the results reported in the series of articles in this Supplement. These included the benefit of building on an existing infrastructure, strengths and weakness of both the 2 most frequently used screening tests (colonoscopy and fecal occult blood tests), variability in costs of maintaining this screening program, and the importance of measuring the quality of screening tests. Population-level evaluation questions could not be answered because of the small size of the participating population and the limited time frame of the evaluation. The comprehensive evaluation of the program determined overall feasibility of this effort. CONCLUSIONS Critical lessons learned through the implementation and evaluation of the CDC's CRCSDP led to the development of a larger population-based program, the CDC's Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP). Cancer 2013;119(15 suppl):2940-6. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) supported a 4-year Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) from 2005 to 2009 for low-income, under- or uninsured men and women aged 50-64 at 5 participating US sites. A multiple methods evaluation was conducted in conjunction with program implementation including 1) a longitudinal, multiple case study of program implementation; 2) analysis of client-level screening and diagnostic services outcome data; and 3) a cost study. Several themes emerged from the series of articles in this supplement including the benefit of building on an existing infrastructure, strengths and weaknesses the 2 most frequently used screening tests (colonoscopy and fecal occult blood tests), costs of the screening tests used in this program, and the continued importance of measuring the quality of screening tests. Critical lessons were learned through the implementation and evaluation of the CDC's CRCSDP, which informed the development of a larger follow-up population-based program. C1 [Seeff, Laura C.; DeGroff, Amy; Joseph, Djenaba A.; Royalty, Janet; Tangka, Florence K. L.; Nadel, Marion R.; Plescia, Marcus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Seeff, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Comprehens Canc Control Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lseeff@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [RFA AA030] FX The Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program evaluated in this supplement was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding Opportunity Number: RFA AA030. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 119 SU 15 SI SI BP 2940 EP 2946 DI 10.1002/cncr.28155 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185NU UT WOS:000321976700014 PM 23868488 ER PT J AU Haines, J O'Brien, A McDonald, J Goldman, RE Evans-Schmidt, M Price, S King, S Sherry, B Taveras, EM AF Haines, Jess O'Brien, Ashley McDonald, Julia Goldman, Roberta E. Evans-Schmidt, Marie Price, Sarah King, Stacy Sherry, Bettylou Taveras, Elsie M. TI Television Viewing and Televisions in Bedrooms: Perceptions of Racial/Ethnic Minority Parents of Young Children SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Television; Children; Qualitative methods ID QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; OVERWEIGHT RISK; SCREEN TIME; PRESCHOOLERS; CHILDHOOD; BEHAVIORS AB Understanding parents' perceptions of their young children's viewing behaviors and environments is critical to the development of effective television reduction interventions. To explore parents' attitudes, perceptions, and experiences regarding their children's television viewing and the use of televisions in their children's bedrooms, we conducted focus groups with 74 racial/ethnic minority parents of children aged birth to 5 years. We analyzed transcripts of the focus group discussions using immersion-crystallization. Over 50 % of parents reported that their children watch more than 2 h of television per day and 64 % reported that their children have a television in their bedrooms. In general, parents were unconcerned about the amount of television their children watched. However, parents did express concern about the content of their children's viewing. Discussion of potential harmful effects of television viewing focused mainly on the impact television viewing may have on children's behavior and academic outcomes and only rarely on a concern about weight. Most parents were unaware of adverse consequences associated with children having a television in their bedroom and many reported that having a television in their child's bedroom helped keep their child occupied. To effectively engage parents of young children, television reduction interventions should include messages that address parents' key concerns regarding their children's viewing and should provide parents with alternative activities to keep children occupied. C1 [Haines, Jess] Univ Guelph, Dept Family Relat & Appl Nutr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [O'Brien, Ashley; McDonald, Julia; Price, Sarah; Taveras, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [O'Brien, Ashley; McDonald, Julia; Price, Sarah; Taveras, Elsie M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Boston, MA USA. [Goldman, Roberta E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Goldman, Roberta E.] Brown Univ, Dept Family Med, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Evans-Schmidt, Marie] Childrens Hosp Boston, Ctr Media & Child Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [King, Stacy] Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Cambridge, MA USA. [Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haines, J (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Family Relat & Appl Nutr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM jhaines@uoguelph.ca NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1062-1024 J9 J CHILD FAM STUD JI J. Child Fam. Stud. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 22 IS 6 BP 749 EP 756 DI 10.1007/s10826-012-9629-6 PG 8 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry SC Family Studies; Psychology; Psychiatry GA 182UN UT WOS:000321770300001 ER PT J AU Yoon, C Subramanian, A Chi, A Crothers, K Meshnick, SR Taylor, SM Beard, CB Jarlsberg, LG Lawrence, GG Avery, M Swartzman, A Fong, S Roth, B Huang, L AF Yoon, Christina Subramanian, Anuradha Chi, Amy Crothers, Kristina Meshnick, Steven R. Taylor, Steve M. Beard, Charles B. Jarlsberg, Leah G. Lawrence, Gena G. Avery, Melissa Swartzman, Alexandra Fong, Serena Roth, Brenna Huang, Laurence CA Int HIV-Associated Opportunistic TI Dihydropteroate synthase mutations in Pneumocystis pneumonia: impact of applying different definitions of prophylaxis, mortality endpoints and mutant in a single cohort SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neumocystis jirovecii; PCP; dihydropteroate synthase; DHPS; DHPS mutant ID AIDS PATIENTS; CARINII-PNEUMONIA; GENE-MUTATIONS; RESISTANCE; JIROVECI; SULFA; GENOTYPES; SEQUENCE AB Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene mutations are well-reported. Although sulfa prophylaxis generally is associated with DHPS mutant infection, whether mutant infection is associated with poorer clinical outcomes is less clear. The differing definitions of sulfa prophylaxis and the different mortality endpoints used in these studies may be one explanation for the conflicting study results. Applying different definitions of prophylaxis, mortality endpoints and DHPS mutant to 301 HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia, we demonstrate that prophylaxis, irrespective of definition, increased the risk of infection with pure mutant (any prophylaxis: AOR 4.00, 95% CI: 1.83-8.76, P < 0.001) but not mixed genotypes (any prophylaxis: AOR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.26-2.36, P = 0.65). However, infection with mutant DHPS, irrespective of definition, was not associated with increased mortality (all-cause or PCP death) at the three time-intervals examined (all P > 0.05). Future studies should standardize key variables associated with DHPS mutant infection as well as examine DHPS mutant subtypes (pure mutant vs. mixed infections) - perhaps even individual DHPS mutant genotypes - so that data can be pooled to better address this issue. C1 [Yoon, Christina; Subramanian, Anuradha; Chi, Amy; Taylor, Steve M.; Jarlsberg, Leah G.; Swartzman, Alexandra; Fong, Serena; Roth, Brenna; Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Crothers, Kristina] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Meshnick, Steven R.; Taylor, Steve M.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Beard, Charles B.; Lawrence, Gena G.; Avery, Melissa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yoon, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Ward 84,995 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM christina.yoon@ucsf.edu OI Crothers, Kristina/0000-0001-9702-0371 FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes at the National Institutes of Health [K24 HL097713, R01 HL 090335, R01 HL090335-02S109, T32 HL007185] FX This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes at the National Institutes of Health, [K24 HL097713, R01 HL 090335, R01 HL090335-02S109 all three to LH] and [T32 HL007185 to CY]. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 51 IS 6 BP 568 EP 575 DI 10.3109/13693786.2013.770604 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 183CG UT WOS:000321790600002 PM 23470037 ER PT J AU Ali, O Aseffa, A Bedru, A Lemma, T Moti, T Worku, A Xabher, HG Yamuah, L Boukary, RM Collard, JM Dano, ID Habiboulaye, I Issaka, B Jusot, JF Ousmane, S Rabe, I Clark, T Mayer, L Gami, JP Gamougam, K Kodbesse, B Naibei, N Ngadoua, C Mbainadji, L Moto, DD Narbe, M Toralta, J Berthe, A Keita, M Diallo, K Onwuchekwa, U Sow, SO Tamboura, B Traore, A Toure, A Amodu, M Beida, O Gadzama, G Omotara, B Sambo, Z Yahya, S Chandramohan, D Greenwood, B Hassan-King, M Manigart, O Nascimento, M Stuart, J Woukeu, A Bai, XL Borrow, R Findlow, H Avalo, S Bassene, H Diallo, A Dieng, M Doucoure, S Gomis, JF Ndiaye, A Sokhna, C Trape, JF Akalifa, B Forgor, A Hodgson, A Osei, I Quaye, S Williams, J Wontuo, P Basta, N Irving, T Trotter, C Bennett, J Dieng, M Hill, D Harrison, O Rebbetts, L Maiden, M Tekletsion, Y Watkins, E AF Ali, Oumer Aseffa (PI), Abraham Bedru, Ahmed Lemma, Tsehaynesh Moti, Tesfaye Worku, Alemayehu Xabher, Haimanot Guebre Yamuah, Lawrence Boukary, Rahamatou Moustapha Collard (PI), Jean-Marc Dano, Ibrahim Dan Habiboulaye, Ibrahim Issaka, Bassira Jusot, Jean-Francois Ousmane, Sani Rabe, Issoufa Clark, Tom Mayer, Leonard Gami, Jean Pierre Gamougam, Kadidja Kodbesse, Boulotigam Naibei, Nathan Ngadoua, Cyriaque Mbainadji, Lodoum Moto (PI), Daugla Doumagoum Narbe, Maxime Toralta, Jacques Berthe, Abdoulaye Keita, Mahamadou Diallo, Kanny Onwuchekwa, Uma Sow (PI), Samba O. Tamboura, Boubou Traore, Awa Toure, Alou Amodu, Mary Beida, Omeiza Gadzama, Galadima Omotara (PI), Babatunji Sambo, Zailani Yahya, Shuaibu Chandramohan, Daniel Greenwood, Brian Hassan-King, Musa Manigart, Olivier Nascimento, Maria Stuart, James Woukeu, Arouna Bai, Xilian Borrow, Ray Findlow, Helen Avalo, Serge Bassene, Hubert Diallo (PI), Aldiouma Dieng, Marietou Doucoure, Souleymane Gomis, Jules Francois Ndiaye, Assane Sokhna, Cheikh Trape, Jean Francois Akalifa, Bugri Forgor, Abudulai Hodgson (PI), Abrahan Osei, Isaac Quaye, Stephen Williams, John Wontuo, Peter Basta, Nicole Irving, Thomas Trotter, Caroline Bennett, Julia Dieng, Marietou Hill, Dorothea Harrison, Odile Rebbetts, Lisa Maiden, Martin Tekletsion, Yenenesh Watkins, Eleanor CA MenAfriCar Consortium African Partners Northern Partners TI Meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Africa; MenAfriCar; meningococcal carriage; meningococcal vaccines; meningococcus; Neisseria meningitidis ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; BURKINA-FASO; SEROGROUP-A; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANTIBODY; IMPACT AB A meningococcal serogroup A polysaccharide/tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT) (MenAfriVac) is being deployed in countries of the African meningitis belt. Experience with other polysaccharide/protein conjugate vaccines has shown that an important part of their success has been their ability to prevent the acquisition of pharyngeal carriage and hence to stop transmission and induce herd immunity. If PsA-TT is to achieve the goal of preventing epidemics, it must be able to prevent the acquisition of pharyngeal carriage as well as invasive meningococcal disease and whether PsA-TT can prevent pharyngeal carriage needs to be determined. To address this issue, a consortium (the African Meningococcal Carriage (MenAfriCar) consortium) was established in 2009 to investigate the pattern of meningococcal carriage in countries of the African meningitis belt prior to and after the introduction of PsA-TT. This article describes how the consortium was established, its objectives and the standardised field and laboratory methods that were used to achieve these objectives. The experience of the MenAfriCar consortium will help in planning future studies on the epidemiology of meningococcal carriage in countries of the African meningitis belt and elsewhere. C1 [Ali, Oumer; Aseffa (PI), Abraham; Bedru, Ahmed; Lemma, Tsehaynesh; Moti, Tesfaye; Worku, Alemayehu; Xabher, Haimanot Guebre; Yamuah, Lawrence; MenAfriCar Consortium; African Partners; Northern Partners] Armauer Hansen Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Boukary, Rahamatou Moustapha; Collard (PI), Jean-Marc; Dano, Ibrahim Dan; Habiboulaye, Ibrahim; Issaka, Bassira; Jusot, Jean-Francois; Ousmane, Sani; Rabe, Issoufa] Ctr Rech Med & Sanit CERMES, Niamey, Niger. [Berthe, Abdoulaye; Keita, Mahamadou; Diallo, Kanny; Onwuchekwa, Uma; Sow (PI), Samba O.; Tamboura, Boubou; Traore, Awa; Toure, Alou] CVD, Bamako, Mali. [Avalo, Serge; Bassene, Hubert; Diallo (PI), Aldiouma; Dieng, Marietou; Doucoure, Souleymane; Gomis, Jules Francois; Ndiaye, Assane; Sokhna, Cheikh; Trape, Jean Francois] IRD, Dakar, Senegal. [Jusot, Jean-Francois; Ousmane, Sani; Rabe, Issoufa; Clark, Tom; Mayer, Leonard; Gami, Jean Pierre; Gamougam, Kadidja; Kodbesse, Boulotigam; Naibei, Nathan; Ngadoua, Cyriaque; Mbainadji, Lodoum; Moto (PI), Daugla Doumagoum; Narbe, Maxime; Toralta, Jacques] CSSI, Ndjamena, Chad. [Akalifa, Bugri; Forgor, Abudulai; Hodgson (PI), Abrahan; Osei, Isaac; Quaye, Stephen; Williams, John; Wontuo, Peter] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Amodu, Mary; Beida, Omeiza; Gadzama, Galadima; Omotara (PI), Babatunji; Sambo, Zailani; Yahya, Shuaibu] Univ Maiduguri, Dept Community Med, Maiduguri, Nigeria. AMP, Paris, France. Ctr Dis Control, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bai, Xilian; Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Helen] Hlth Protect Agcy, Vaccine Evaluat Unit, Manchester, Lancs, England. Inst Pasteur, Unite Infect Bacteriennes Invas, Paris, France. IMTSSA, Marseille, France. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. Norwegian Publ Hlth Inst, Oslo, Norway. PATH Meningitis Vaccine Project, Ferney, France. Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Clark, Tom; Mayer, Leonard] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chandramohan, Daniel; Greenwood, Brian; Hassan-King, Musa; Manigart, Olivier; Nascimento, Maria; Stuart, James; Woukeu, Arouna] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Infect Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Basta, Nicole] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Basta, Nicole] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Irving, Thomas; Trotter, Caroline] Univ Bristol, Sch Social & Community Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Ali, Oumer; Bennett, Julia; Dieng, Marietou; Hill, Dorothea; Harrison, Odile; Rebbetts, Lisa; Maiden, Martin; Tekletsion, Yenenesh; Watkins, Eleanor] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. RP Greenwood, B (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM brian.greenwood@lshtm.ac.uk RI Trotter, Caroline/H-5077-2013; Aseffa, Abraham/J-3248-2016; Maiden, Martin/C-5055-2014; OI Aseffa, Abraham/0000-0002-8028-1150; Maiden, Martin/0000-0001-6321-5138; Ibrahim, Dan Dano/0000-0003-3281-2452; Trotter, Caroline/0000-0003-4000-2708 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Wellcome Trust FX The authors thank members of the MenAfriCar Advisory Committee (Fred Binka, Mamoudou Djingarey, Robert Heyderman, Marie-Paule Kieny, Marie-Pierre Preziosi, David Stephens and Marcel Tanner [chairman]) for their sound advice and support and the following who provided clinical monitoring: Richard Nare (Chad), Frank Baiden (Ghana), Workeabeba Taye (Ethiopia), Haoua Amadou (Niger and Mali) and Pierre Ndiaye (Senegal). The authors also thank the following who contributed to the establishment of the MenAfriCar consortium and to its activities in various ways: Eric Bertherat and William Perea (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland), Dominique Caugant (NIPH, Oslo, Norway), Mamoudou Djingarey (WHO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso), Rana Hajjeh and Nancy Messonnier (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia), Marc LaForce (PATH, Seattle, USA), Judith Mueller (EHESP, Rennes, France), Pierre Nicolas (IMTSSA, Marseilles, France), Gerd Pluschke (STPI, Basle, Switzerland) and Muhamed-KheirTaha (Institut Pasteur, Paris, France). The work of the consortium across Africa would not have been possible without the strong logistic support provided by members of the MenAfriCar secretariat in London - Amit Bhasin, Elizabeth Huntley, Karen Thurley, Karen Slater and Lyanne Wylde. Studies conducted in each country received full support from the national health and local authorities, and this is gratefully acknowledged. Many staff contributed to the MenAfriCar surveys, and without their full support, these large surveys would not have been possible. Finally, we thank the tens of thousands of participants who agreed to join the carriage studies. The work of the MenAfriCar consortium is supported by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 18 IS 8 BP 968 EP 978 DI 10.1111/tmi.12125 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 179FB UT WOS:000321504000008 ER PT J AU Baum, NL Cardozo, BL Pat-Horenczyk, R Ziv, Y Blanton, C Reza, A Weltman, A Brom, D AF Baum, Naomi L. Cardozo, Barbara Lopes Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth Ziv, Yuval Blanton, Curtis Reza, Avid Weltman, Alon Brom, Danny TI Training Teachers to Build Resilience in Children in the Aftermath of War: A Cluster Randomized Trial SO CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM LA English DT Article DE Resilience; School-based; Trauma; Interventions; Children; War ID MENTAL-HEALTH INTERVENTION; PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTION; FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT; RECURRENT TERRORISM; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION; SYMPTOMS; PROGRAM; TRAUMA; DISTRESS AB There is growing interest in school-based interventions for building resilience in children facing trauma and adversity. Recent studies focus on teacher training as an effective way to enhance resilience in their students, and emphasize the need for additional evidence-based practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term resilience-building teacher intervention on reducing post-traumatic distress in students in the context of exposure to recurrent rocket attacks in Israel. A quasi-experimental, cluster randomized design employing intervention and wait-list control groups was implemented with students from grades four-six (N = 563) in four schools in Acre in the aftermath of the Second Lebanon War. We assessed the students' trauma exposure, posttraumatic symptoms and anxiety before and after the intervention or the wait-list condition. There was a significantly (p < 0.001) greater decrease of posttraumatic symptoms and anxiety levels among the students whose teachers participated in the intervention group as compared to students whose teachers were in the wait-list control group. A multiple regression model showed that this greater decrease in posttraumatic symptoms and anxiety levels was statistically significant after controlling for demographic variables, trauma exposure and past trauma history. The results of this study show that the training of teachers alone in building resilience can effectively lower post-traumatic distress and anxiety in their students. The empowerment of teachers and by building upon their expertise and experience are crucial for creating sustainability in school-based interventions. C1 [Baum, Naomi L.; Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth; Ziv, Yuval; Weltman, Alon; Brom, Danny] Herzog Hosp, Israel Ctr Treatment Psychotrauma, Jerusalem, Israel. [Cardozo, Barbara Lopes; Blanton, Curtis; Reza, Avid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Int Emergency & Refugee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth; Brom, Danny] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Baum, NL (reprint author), Herzog Hosp, Israel Ctr Treatment Psychotrauma, Jerusalem, Israel. EM nbaum@herzoghospital.org NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1053-1890 J9 CHILD YOUTH CARE FOR JI Child Youth Care Forum PD AUG PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 SI SI BP 339 EP 350 DI 10.1007/s10566-013-9202-5 PG 12 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 180DB UT WOS:000321572000005 ER PT J AU Mandal, S Wu, HM MacNeil, JR Machesky, K Garcia, J Plikaytis, BD Quinn, K King, L Schmink, SE Wang, X Mayer, LW Clark, TA Gaskell, JR Messonnier, NE DiOrio, M Cohn, AC AF Mandal, Sema Wu, Henry M. MacNeil, Jessica R. Machesky, Kimberly Garcia, Jocelyn Plikaytis, Brian D. Quinn, Kim King, Larry Schmink, Susanna E. Wang, Xin Mayer, Leonard W. Clark, Thomas A. Gaskell, James R. Messonnier, Nancy E. DiOrio, Mary Cohn, Amanda C. TI Prolonged University Outbreak of Meningococcal Disease Associated With a Serogroup B Strain Rarely Seen in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE meningococcal disease; serogroup B; outbreak; university; risk factors ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; VACCINE; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. College students living in residential halls are at increased risk of meningococcal disease. Unlike that for serogroups prevented by quadrivalent meningococcal vaccines, public health response to outbreaks of serogroup B meningococcal disease is limited by lack of a US licensed vaccine. Methods. In March 2010, we investigated a prolonged outbreak of serogroup B disease associated with a university. In addition to case ascertainment, molecular typing of isolates was performed to characterize the outbreak. We conducted a matched case-control study to examine risk factors for serogroup B disease. Five controls per case, matched by college year, were randomly selected. Participants completed a risk factor questionnaire. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Results. Between January 2008 and November 2010, we identified 13 meningococcal disease cases (7 confirmed, 4 probable, and 2 suspected) involving 10 university students and 3 university-linked persons. One student died. Ten cases were determined to be serogroup B. Isolates from 6 confirmed cases had an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern and belonged to sequence type 269, clonal complex 269. Factors significantly associated with disease were Greek society membership (matched odds ratio [mOR], 15.0; P = .03), >1 kissing partner (mOR, 13.66; P = .03), and attending bars (mOR, 8.06; P = .04). Conclusions. The outbreak was associated with a novel serogroup B strain (CC269) and risk factors were indicative of increased social mixing. Control measures were appropriate but limited by lack of vaccine. Understanding serogroup B transmission in college and other settings will help inform use of serogroup B vaccines currently under consideration for licensure. C1 [Mandal, Sema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mandal, Sema; Wu, Henry M.; MacNeil, Jessica R.; Garcia, Jocelyn; Schmink, Susanna E.; Wang, Xin; Mayer, Leonard W.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Cohn, Amanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Machesky, Kimberly; Quinn, Kim; DiOrio, Mary] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Garcia, Jocelyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Elect Program, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Plikaytis, Brian D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [King, Larry] Ohio Dept Hlth Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH USA. [Gaskell, James R.] Athens City Cty Hlth Dept, Athens, OH USA. RP Mandal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM smandal1@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 344 EP 348 DI 10.1093/cid/cit243 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 182IA UT WOS:000321733700004 PM 23595832 ER PT J AU Bennett, SD Walsh, KA Gould, LH AF Bennett, Sarah D. Walsh, Kelly A. Gould, L. Hannah TI Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Caused by Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, and Staphylococcus aureus-United States, 1998-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE disease outbreaks; bacterial toxins; Bacillus cereus; Clostridium perfringens; Staphylococcus aureus ID INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA; ILLNESS; BURDEN AB From 1998 to 2008, 1229 foodborne outbreaks caused by Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, and Staphylococcus aureus were reported in the United States; 39% were reported with a confirmed etiology. Vomiting was commonly reported in B. cereus (median, 75% of cases) and S. aureus outbreaks (median, 87%), but rarely in C. perfringens outbreaks (median, 9%). Meat or poultry dishes were commonly implicated in C. perfringens (63%) and S. aureus (55%) outbreaks, and rice dishes were commonly implicated in B. cereus outbreaks (50%). Errors in food processing and preparation were commonly reported (93%), regardless of etiology; contamination by a food worker was only common in S. aureus outbreaks (55%). Public health interventions should focus on these commonly reported errors to reduce the occurrence of outbreaks caused by B. cereus, C. perfringens, and S. aureus in the United States. C1 [Bennett, Sarah D.; Walsh, Kelly A.; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bennett, Sarah D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walsh, Kelly A.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bennett, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 16 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 53 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 425 EP 433 DI 10.1093/cid/cit244 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 182IA UT WOS:000321733700018 PM 23592829 ER PT J AU See, I Iwamoto, M Allen-Bridson, K Horan, T Magill, SS Thompson, ND AF See, Isaac Iwamoto, Martha Allen-Bridson, Kathy Horan, Teresa Magill, Shelley S. Thompson, Nicola D. TI Mucosal Barrier Injury Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infection: Results from a Field Test of a New National Healthcare Safety Network Definition SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE DEFINITION; NEUTROPENIA; HEMATOLOGY; TIME AB OBJECTIVE. To assess challenges to implementation of a new National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance definition, mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (MBI-LCBI). DESIGN. Multicenter field test. SETTING. Selected locations of acute care hospitals participating in NHSN central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance. METHODS. Hospital staff augmented their CLABSI surveillance for 2 months to incorporate MBI-LCBI: a primary bloodstream infection due to a selected group of organisms in patients with either neutropenia or an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant with gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease or diarrhea. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff reviewed submitted data to verify whether CLABSIs met MBI-LCBI criteria and summarized the descriptive epidemiology of cases reported. RESULTS. Eight cancer, 2 pediatric, and 28 general acute care hospitals including 193 inpatient units (49% oncology/bone marrow transplant [BMT], 21% adult ward, 20% adult critical care, 6% pediatric, 4% step-down) conducted field testing. Among 906 positive blood cultures reviewed, 282 CLABSIs were identified. Of the 103 CLABSIs that also met MBI-LCBI criteria, 100 (97%) were reported from oncology/BMT locations. Agreement between hospital staff and CDC classification of reported CLABSIs as meeting the MBI-LCBI definition was high (90%; kappa = 0.82). Most MBI-LCBIs (91%) occurred in patients meeting neutropenia criteria. Some hospitals indicated that their laboratories' methods of reporting cell counts prevented application of neutropenia criteria; revised neutropenia criteria were created using data from field testing. CONCLUSIONS. Hospital staff applied the MBI-LCBI definition accurately. Field testing informed modifications for the January 2013 implementation of MBI-LCBI in the NHSN. C1 [See, Isaac; Iwamoto, Martha; Allen-Bridson, Kathy; Horan, Teresa; Magill, Shelley S.; Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [See, Isaac] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP See, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isee@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported through a cooperative agreement with the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 34 IS 8 BP 769 EP 776 DI 10.1086/671281 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 180RT UT WOS:000321613900001 PM 23838215 ER PT J AU Swaminathan, M Sharma, S Blash, SP Patel, G Banach, DB Phillips, M LaBombardi, V Anderson, KF Kitchel, B Srinivasan, A Calfee, DP AF Swaminathan, Mahesh Sharma, Saarika Blash, Stephanie Poliansky Patel, Gopi Banach, David B. Phillips, Michael LaBombardi, Vincent Anderson, Karen F. Kitchel, Brandon Srinivasan, Arjun Calfee, David P. TI Prevalence and Risk Factors for Acquisition of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the Setting of Endemicity SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; NEW-YORK-CITY; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; COLONIZATION PRESSURE; SURVEILLANCE CULTURES; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; ANTIMICROBIALS AB OBJECTIVE. To describe the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) carriage and acquisition among hospitalized patients in an area of CRE endemicity. DESIGN. Cohort study with a nested case-control study. SETTING. Two acute care, academic hospitals in New York City. PARTICIPANTS. All patients admitted to 7 study units, including intensive care, medical-surgical, and acute rehabilitation units. METHOD. Perianal samples were collected from patients at admission and weekly thereafter to detect asymptomatic gastrointestinal carriage of CRE. A nested case-control study was performed to identify factors associated with CRE acquisition. Case patients were those who acquired CRE during a single hospitalization. Control subjects had no microbiologic evidence of CRE and at least 1 negative surveillance sample. Clinical data were abstracted from the medical record. RESULTS. The prevalence of CRE in the study population was 5.4% (306 of 5,676 patients), and 104 patients met the case definition of acquisition during a single hospital stay. Mechanical ventilation (odds ratio [OR], 11.5), pulmonary disease (OR, 5.2), days of antibiotic therapy (OR, 1.04), and CRE colonization pressure (OR, 1.15) were independently associated with CRE acquisition. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis identified 87% of tested Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates as sharing related patterns (greater than 78% similarity), which suggests clonal transmission within and between the study hospitals. CONCLUSIONS. Critical illness and underlying medical conditions, CRE colonization pressure, and antimicrobial exposure are important risk factors for CRE acquisition. Adherence to infection control practices and antimicrobial stewardship appear to be critical components of a CRE control program. C1 [Swaminathan, Mahesh; Blash, Stephanie Poliansky; Patel, Gopi; Banach, David B.; Calfee, David P.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Sharma, Saarika; Phillips, Michael] NYU, Dept Med, Langone Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [LaBombardi, Vincent] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY USA. [Anderson, Karen F.; Kitchel, Brandon; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Calfee, David P.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Calfee, DP (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, 525 East 68th St,Box 265, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM dpc9003@med.cornell.edu OI Phillips, Michael/0000-0003-1040-9080 FU Association of American Medical Colleges; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [MM-1085-09/09]; New York State Department of Health Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program FX This study was funded by the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement MM-1085-09/09 to D.P.C.). Salary support for M.S. was provided by the New York State Department of Health Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program. NR 27 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 16 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 34 IS 8 BP 809 EP 817 DI 10.1086/671270 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 180RT UT WOS:000321613900007 PM 23838221 ER PT J AU Simon, AE Pastor, PN Avila, RM Blumberg, SJ AF Simon, Alan E. Pastor, Patricia N. Avila, Rosa M. Blumberg, Stephen J. TI Socioeconomic disadvantage and developmental delay among US children aged 18months to 5years SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE CHILD HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SOCIAL FACTORS IN; PUBLIC HEALTH ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; PARENTS CONCERNS; PREVALENCE; RISK; CARE; IDENTIFICATION; FAMILIES; SERVICES; QUALITY; INFANTS AB Background Few studies have examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors and a population-based measure of developmental delay in US children. We identify sociodemographic factors associated with unlikely, probable and possible developmental delay in preschool US children using nationally representative data. Methods All children aged 18months to 5years in the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health were categorised into three groups based on the likelihood of developmental delay (unlikely delay, possible delay and probable delay) using a modified survey version of the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regressions were used to assess relations between sociodemographic variables and risk of developmental delay. Results Children had increased odds of probable delay (compared with unlikely delay) if they were older (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.41/additional year above the youngest age group (18months-2years), p<0.001), male (aOR=1.55, p<0.001), low birth weight (aOR=2.08, p<0.001), non-Hispanic black (aOR=1.50, p<0.01) or Hispanic in a non-English-speaking household (aOR=2.53, p<0.001) versus non-Hispanic white, had lower household income (aOR=1.33 for each decreasing category of poverty level, p<0.001), or received >10h/week of care at another family's home (aOR=1.71, p<0.05). Only four characteristics (being older, male, low birth weight and Hispanic living in a non-English-speaking household) were associated with increased odds of possible delay compared with unlikely delay. Conclusions Multiple factors, including demographic characteristics and indicators of social disadvantage, distinguish children with probable developmental delay from those unlikely to have developmental delay. Fewer factors identify children with possible delay. C1 [Simon, Alan E.; Pastor, Patricia N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Avila, Rosa M.; Blumberg, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Simon, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 6122, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM fpa8@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD AUG PY 2013 VL 67 IS 8 BP 689 EP 695 DI 10.1136/jech-2013-202610 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 176WN UT WOS:000321337200011 PM 23709661 ER PT J AU Hariri, S Warner, L AF Hariri, Susan Warner, Lee TI Condom Use and Human Papillomavirus in Men SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE condoms; human papillomavirus; HPV infection; HPV persistence ID CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; USE PROMOTES REGRESSION; FEMALE-SEX-WORKERS; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-WOMEN; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; COHORT; PERSISTENCE; CHLAMYDIA C1 [Hariri, Susan; Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hariri, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shariri@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 208 IS 3 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit193 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 178PB UT WOS:000321458800001 PM 23644282 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Hariri, S Lin, C Dunne, EF Steinau, M McQuillan, G Unger, ER AF Markowitz, Lauri E. Hariri, Susan Lin, Carol Dunne, Eileen F. Steinau, Martin McQuillan, Geraldine Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Reduction in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence Among Young Women Following HPV Vaccine Introduction in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003-2010 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus; vaccine effectiveness; HPV vaccine; vaccine impact; prevalence ID AGED 16-26 YEARS; PARTICLE VACCINE; CERVICAL-CANCER; INFECTION; DISEASE; EFFICACY; ADOLESCENTS; FEMALES; IMPACT; PROGRAM AB Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was introduced into the routine immunization schedule in the United States in late 2006 for females aged 11 or 12 years, with catch-up vaccination recommended for those aged 13-26 years. In 2010, 3-dose vaccine coverage was only 32% among 13-17 year-olds. Reduction in the prevalence of HPV types targeted by the quadrivalent vaccine (HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18) will be one of the first measures of vaccine impact. Methods. We analyzed HPV prevalence data from the vaccine era (2007-2010) and the prevaccine era (2003-2006) that were collected during National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. HPV prevalence was determined by the Linear Array HPV Assay in cervicovaginal swab samples from females aged 14-59 years; 4150 provided samples in 2003-2006, and 4253 provided samples in 2007-2010. Results. Among females aged 14-19 years, the vaccine-type HPV prevalence (HPV-6, -11, -16, or -18) decreased from 11.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.2-14.4) in 2003-2006 to 5.1% (95% CI, 3.8-6.6) in 2007-2010, a decline of 56% (95% CI, 38-69). Among other age groups, the prevalence did not differ significantly between the 2 time periods (P > .05). The vaccine effectiveness of at least 1 dose was 82% (95% CI, 53-93). Conclusions. Within 4 years of vaccine introduction, the vaccine-type HPV prevalence decreased among females aged 14-19 years despite low vaccine uptake. The estimated vaccine effectiveness was high. C1 [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Hariri, Susan; Lin, Carol; Dunne, Eileen F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steinau, Martin; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, Geraldine] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, and the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 186 Z9 190 U1 8 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 208 IS 3 BP 385 EP 393 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit192 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 178PB UT WOS:000321458800004 PM 23785124 ER PT J AU Cong, ME Mitchell, J Sweeney, E Bachman, S Hanson, DL Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Cong, Mian-er Mitchell, James Sweeney, Elizabeth Bachman, Shanon Hanson, Debra L. Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Prophylactic Efficacy of Oral Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Combination Therapy Against a Tenofovir-Resistant Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Containing the K65R Mutation in Macaques SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Preexposure prophylaxis; HIV-1 drug resistance; tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; emtricitabine ID HIV-1 DRUG-RESISTANCE; INTERMITTENT PROPHYLAXIS; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; INFECTION; TRUVADA AB Daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) is a novel strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus infection. We investigated in macaques whether FTC/TDF prevents transmission of a tenofovir-resistant simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) containing the K65R mutation. Six macaques received weekly a dose of FTC/TDF 3 days before rectal SHIV exposures and a second dose 2 hours after. Six untreated animals were controls. Animals were exposed rectally to escalating virus doses weekly for up to 28 weeks. PrEP significantly delayed infection with SHIVK65R (P = .028), although 4 of 6 FTC/TDF-treated macaques were infected at the end of the challenges. These findings highlight the need to closely monitor PrEP efficacy in areas with prevalent K65R. C1 [Cong, Mian-er; Mitchell, James; Sweeney, Elizabeth; Bachman, Shanon; Hanson, Debra L.; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, MS G45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ggarcia-lerma@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); CDC [Y1-AI-0681-02]; National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-0681-02] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and an interagency agreement between the CDC and the National Institutes of Health (Y1-AI-0681-02). NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 208 IS 3 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit189 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 178PB UT WOS:000321458800013 PM 23633402 ER PT J AU Duncan, C Savage, K Williams, M Dickerson, B Kondas, AV Fitzpatrick, KA Guerrero, JL Spraker, T Kersh, GJ AF Duncan, C. Savage, K. Williams, M. Dickerson, B. Kondas, A. V. Fitzpatrick, K. A. Guerrero, J. L. Spraker, T. Kersh, G. J. TI Multiple Strains of Coxiella burnetii are Present in the Environment of St. Paul Island, Alaska SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Coxiella burnetii; environment; Alaska; marine mammals ID SEAL CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; Q-FEVER; INFECTION; DNA AB In 2010, Coxiella burnetii was identified at a high prevalence in the placentas of Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) collected at a single rookery on St. Paul Island Alaska; an area of the United States where the agent was not known to be present. As contamination was hypothesized as a potential cause of false positives, but nothing was known about environmental C.burnetii in the region, an environmental survey was conducted to look for the prevalence and distribution of the organism on the island. While environmental prevalence was low, two strains of the organism were identified using PCR targeting the COM1 and IS1111 genes. The two strains are consistent with the organism that has been increasingly identified in marine mammals as well as a strain type more commonly found in terrestrial environments and associated with disease in humans and terrestrial animals. Further work is needed to elucidate information regarding the ecology of this organism in this region, particularly in association with the coastal environment. C1 [Duncan, C.; Spraker, T.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Savage, K.; Williams, M.; Guerrero, J. L.] Alaska Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK USA. [Savage, K.; Williams, M.; Guerrero, J. L.] Alaska Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Dickerson, B.] Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Kondas, A. V.; Fitzpatrick, K. A.; Kersh, G. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, 300 West Drake, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Sincere thanks to individuals who helped collect placental and environmental samples for use in this study: Dr. Wendi Roe, Sophie Peirszalowski, Kirsten Dullen and Dustin Carl. All tissue samples were collected under authority of U.S. Marine Mammal Permit No. 782-1708 issued to the National Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle. A. V. K. was supported by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1865-1674 J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 60 IS 4 BP 345 EP 350 DI 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2012.01353.x PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 178KT UT WOS:000321447500007 PM 22747976 ER PT J AU Ng, E Vanderloo, SE Geiss, L Johnson, JA AF Ng, Edward Vanderloo, Saskia E. Geiss, Linda Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Concordance Between Self-Report and a Survey-Based Algorithm for Classification of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Using the 2011 Population-Based Survey on Living With Chronic Diseases in Canada (SLCDC)-Diabetes Component SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE Surveillance; survey; type 1 diabetes; type 2 diabetes ID ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ALGORITHM; VALIDATION; AGREEMENT; HEALTH; BURDEN AB Objective: There are 2 major forms of diabetes mellitus: types 1 and 2. A major limitation of most current population-based diabetes surveillance systems is the classification of diabetes types. Our objective was to examine the concordance of self-reported diabetes type with a previously developed classification algorithm, using a nationally representative survey sample. Methods: Self-reported data were available from 2 544 adults with self-reported diabetes, aged >= 20 years and older, who responded to the diabetes component of the 2011 Survey of Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada. We examined the concordance of self-reported diabetes type with an algorithm based on self-reported, but objective, respondent characteristics, such as age of diagnosis and treatment patterns. Concordance was measured using kappa coefficients. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were calculated using the algorithm as the reference "standard." Results: Approximately 11% of the estimated population did not self-report diabetes type; almost all of these respondents would be classified as having type 2 diabetes by the algorithm. Of those self-reporting diabetes type, we found moderate overall agreement between the algorithm and self-reported type (kappa, 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.53). Perfect agreement was noted in the youngest age group (kappa, 1.0; 95% CI, 1.0-1.0) but agreement was poor for the oldest age group (kappa, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.20). Conclusions: An algorithm based on self-reported, objective characteristics related to diabetes diagnosis and treatment patterns may have the potential to overcome limitations of simple self-report diabetes type for the classification of diabetes type in older adults. (C) 2013 Canadian Diabetes Association C1 [Ng, Edward] STAT Canada, Hlth Anal Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0T6, Canada. [Vanderloo, Saskia E.] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Geiss, Linda] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Ng, E (reprint author), STAT Canada, 24R,RH Coats Bldg,100 Tunneys Pasture Drway, Ottawa, ON K1A 0T6, Canada. EM edward.ng@statcan.gc.ca NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1499-2671 J9 CAN J DIABETES JI Can. J. Diabetes PD AUG PY 2013 VL 37 IS 4 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.05.007 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AL8VI UT WOS:000339417400009 PM 24070889 ER PT J AU Albarino, CG Shoemaker, T Khristova, ML Wamala, JF Muyembe, JJ Balinandi, S Tumusiime, A Campbell, S Cannon, D Gibbons, A Bergeron, E Bird, B Dodd, K Spiropoulou, C Erickson, BR Guerrero, L Knust, B Nichol, ST Rollin, PE Stroher, U AF Albarino, C. G. Shoemaker, T. Khristova, M. L. Wamala, J. F. Muyembe, J. J. Balinandi, S. Tumusiime, A. Campbell, S. Cannon, D. Gibbons, A. Bergeron, E. Bird, B. Dodd, K. Spiropoulou, C. Erickson, B. R. Guerrero, L. Knust, B. Nichol, S. T. Rollin, P. E. Stroeher, U. TI Genomic analysis of filoviruses associated with four viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2012 SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Filoviridae; Bundibugyo virus; Sudan virus; Marburg virus; Ebola virus ID EBOLA; VIRUS; BAT AB In 2012, an unprecedented number of four distinct, partially overlapping filovirus-associated viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks were detected in equatorial Africa. Analysis of complete virus genome sequences confirmed the reemergence of Sudan virus and Marburg virus in Uganda, and the first emergence of Bundibugyo virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Albarino, C. G.; Khristova, M. L.; Campbell, S.; Cannon, D.; Gibbons, A.; Bergeron, E.; Bird, B.; Dodd, K.; Spiropoulou, C.; Erickson, B. R.; Guerrero, L.; Knust, B.; Nichol, S. T.; Rollin, P. E.; Stroeher, U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Shoemaker, T.; Balinandi, S.; Tumusiime, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Wamala, J. F.] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Muyembe, J. J.] Inst Natl Rech Biomed, Kinshasa, Congo. RP Stroher, U (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ixy8@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 49 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD AUG 1 PY 2013 VL 442 IS 2 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.04.014 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 173IM UT WOS:000321072600001 PM 23711383 ER PT J AU Ndze, VN Papp, H Achidi, EA Gonsu, KH Laszlo, B Farkas, S Kisfali, P Melegh, B Esona, MD Bowen, MD Banyai, K Gentsch, JR Odama, AMT AF Ndze, Valentine N. Papp, Hajnalka Achidi, Eric A. Gonsu, Kamga H. Laszlo, Brigitta Farkas, Szilvia Kisfali, Peter Melegh, Bela Esona, Mathew D. Bowen, Michael D. Banyai, K. Gentsch, Jon R. Odama, Abena M. T. TI One Year Survey of Human Rotavirus Strains Suggests the Emergence of Genotype G12 in Cameroon SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE genotype; surveillance; RT-PCR ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; VACCINATION PROGRAMS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN INFANTS; DIVERSITY; DIARRHEA; CHILDREN AB In this study the emergence of rotavirus A genotype G12 in children <5 years of age is reported from Cameroon during 2010/2011. A total of 135 human stool samples were P and G genotyped by reverse transcriptase PCR. Six different rotavirus VP7 genotypes were detected, including G1, G2, G3, G8, G9, and G12 in combinations with P[4], P[6] and P[8] VP4 genotypes. Genotype G12 predominated in combination with P[8] (54.1%) and P[6] (10.4%) genotypes followed by G1P[6] (8.2%), G3P[6] (6.7%), G2P[4] (5.9%), G8P[6] (3.7%), G2P[6] (0.7%), G3P[8] (0.7%), and G9P[8] (0.7%). Genotype P[6] strains in combination with various G-types represented a substantial proportion (N=44, 32.6%) of the genotyped strains. Partially typed strains included G12P[NT] (2.2%); G3P[NT] (0.7%); G(NT)P[6] (1.5%); and G(NT)P[8] (0.7%). Mixed infections were found in five specimens (3.7%) in several combinations including G1+G12P[6], G2+G3P[6]+P[8], G3+G8P[6], G3+G12P[6]+P[8], and G12P[6]+P[8]. The approximately 10% relative frequency of G12P[6] strains detected in this study suggests that this strain is emerging in Cameroon and should be monitored carefully as rotavirus vaccine is implemented in this country, as it shares neither G- nor P-type specificity with strains in the RotaTeq (R) and Rotarix (R) vaccines. These findings are consistent with other recent reports of the global spread and increasing epidemiologic importance of G12 and P[6] strains. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Ndze, Valentine N.; Gonsu, Kamga H.; Odama, Abena M. T.] Univ Yaounde I, Fac Med & Biomed Sci, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Papp, Hajnalka; Laszlo, Brigitta; Farkas, Szilvia; Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary. [Achidi, Eric A.] Univ Buea, Fac Hlth Sci, Buea, Cameroon. [Kisfali, Peter; Melegh, Bela] Univ Pecs Pecs, Sch Med, Dept Med Genet, Budapest, Hungary. [Esona, Mathew D.; Bowen, Michael D.; Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Banyai, K (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Agr Res Ctr, Hungaria Krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary. EM bkrota@hotmail.com OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [OTKA, K100727] FX Grant sponsor: Hungarian Scientific Research Fund; Grant number: OTKA, K100727. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD AUG PY 2013 VL 85 IS 8 BP 1485 EP 1490 DI 10.1002/jmv.23603 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 164IX UT WOS:000320403800025 PM 23765785 ER PT J AU Podewils, LJ Gler, MTS Quelapio, MI Chen, MP AF Podewils, Laura Jean Gler, Maria Tarcela S. Imelda Quelapio, Maria Chen, Michael P. TI Patterns of Treatment Interruption among Patients with Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR TB) and Association with Interim and Final Treatment Outcomes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; ADHERENCE; DEFAULT AB Background: The reasons that patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) miss treatment are multi-factorial and complex. Identifying patterns of treatment interruption that predict poor outcomes can be used to target program activities aiming to improve treatment adherence. Objective: To characterize patterns of treatment interruption among MDR TB patients and determine the association between patterns and treatment outcomes. Methods: Retrospective analysis of MDR TB patients. A treatment interruption was defined as any time that a patient missed a prescribed dose of treatment for at least 1 day but for a period of less than 2 consecutive months. Patients were characterized by the number, length and variability of interruptions, variability of time between interruptions, and percent of missed doses. Final treatment outcome was dichotomized as a successful (cured or completed) or poor outcome (defaulted, failed, or died). Risk ratios were calculated to determine the association between characteristics of treatment interruption and treatment outcomes. All analyses were conducted in 6 month treatment intervals. Results: Only 7.0% of 583 patients completed treatment without interruption. Of the remaining 542 patients, the median time to the first interruption was 2K months (70 days). In multivariate analysis, patients who had longer interruptions with sporadic variability during the 6-12 month or the 12-18 month treatment period had a significantly increased risk for poor outcomes compared to patients who had short, regular interruptions (RRadj 4.37, 95% CI 1.2-15.8; = 0.03 and RRadj 3.38, 95% CI 1.6-7.1; p = 0.001, respectively). In addition, missing 10% or more of the prescribed doses during any 6 month period in the initial 18 months of therapy significantly increased the risk for poor outcomes (RRadj range 1.55-2.35; p-value range 0.01-0.005). Conclusion: Patients that miss more consecutive days of treatment with sporadic interruption patterns or a greater proportion of treatment are at an increased risk for poor treatment outcomes. C1 [Podewils, Laura Jean; Chen, Michael P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gler, Maria Tarcela S.; Imelda Quelapio, Maria] Trop Dis Fdn, Manila, Philippines. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov FU Global Fund FX The project was supported by the Global Fund grant to the Tropical Disease Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 29 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e70064 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070064 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 204MP UT WOS:000323369700126 PM 23922904 ER PT J AU Tsai, J Abe, K Boulet, SL Beckman, MG Hooper, WC Grant, AM AF Tsai, James Abe, Karon Boulet, Sheree L. Beckman, Michele G. Hooper, W. Craig Grant, Althea M. TI Predictive Accuracy of 29-Comorbidity Index for In-Hospital Deaths in US Adult Hospitalizations with a Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMORBIDITY MEASURES; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; RISK-FACTORS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE; MORTALITY; DISEASE; PROPHYLAXIS; VALIDATION; OUTCOMES AB Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant source of mortality and morbidity worldwide. By analyzing data of the 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), we evaluated the predictive accuracy of the AHRQ's 29-comorbidity index with in-hospital death among US adult hospitalizations with a diagnosis of VTE. Methods: We assessed the case-fatality and prevalence of comorbidities among a sample of 153,518 adult hospitalizations with a diagnosis of VTE that comprised 87,605 DVTs and 65,913 PEs (with and without DVT). We estimated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals with multivariable logistic regression models by using comorbidities as predictors and status of in-hospital death as an outcome variable. We assessed the c-statistics for the predictive accuracy of the logistic regression models. Results: In 2010, approximately 41,944 in-hospital deaths (20,212 with DVT and 21,732 with PE) occurred among 770,137 hospitalizations with a diagnosis of VTE. When compared separately to hospitalizations with VTE, DVT, or PE that had no corresponding comorbidities, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, coagulopathy, liver disease, lymphoma, fluid and electrolyte disorders, metastatic cancer, other neurological disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, pulmonary circulation disorders, renal failure, solid tumor without metastasis, and weight loss were positively and independently associated with 10% - 125% increased likelihoods of in-hospital death. The c-statistic values ranged from 0.776 to 0.802. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that comorbidity was associated independently with risk of death among hospitalizations with VTE and among hospitalizations with DVT or PE. The AHRQ 29-comorbidity index provides acceptable to excellent predictive accuracy for in-hospital deaths among adult hospitalizations with VTE and among those with DVT or PE. C1 [Tsai, James; Beckman, Michele G.; Hooper, W. Craig; Grant, Althea M.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abe, Karon] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tsai, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jxt9@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e70061 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070061 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 197GU UT WOS:000322838900137 PM 23922902 ER PT J AU Thomson, K Dvorzak, JL Lagu, J Laku, R Dineen, B Schilperoord, M Muita, M Gikunju, S Waiboci, L Fields, B Teshale, E Gerbi, G Cookson, S Handzel, T Shiferaw, M Clarke, K AF Thomson, Kerry Dvorzak, Jose Luis Lagu, John Laku, Richard Dineen, Brendan Schilperoord, Marian Muita, Martin Gikunju, Stella Waiboci, Lilian Fields, Barry Teshale, Eyasu Gerbi, Gemechu Cookson, Susan Handzel, Tom Shiferaw, Miriam Clarke, Kevin TI Investigation of Hepatitis E Outbreak Among Refugees - Upper Nile, South Sudan, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID E VIRUS C1 [Cookson, Susan; Handzel, Tom; Shiferaw, Miriam; Clarke, Kevin] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Clarke, K (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kclarke1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 26 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 29 BP 581 EP 586 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 190DG UT WOS:000322317800001 ER PT J AU Stokley, S Curtis, CR Jeyarajah, J Harrington, T Gee, J Markowitz, L AF Stokley, Shannon Curtis, C. Robinette Jeyarajah, Jenny Harrington, Theresa Gee, Julianne Markowitz, Lauri TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescent Girls, 2007-2012, and Postlicensure Vaccine Safety Monitoring, 2006-2013-United States SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID GENITAL WARTS; WOMEN; SURVEILLANCE; PHYSICIANS; PREVALENCE; PROGRAM C1 [Markowitz, Lauri] CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sstokley@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 26 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 29 BP 591 EP 595 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 190DG UT WOS:000322317800004 ER PT J AU Moon, S Wang, YH Edens, C Gentsch, JR Prausnitz, MR Jiang, BM AF Moon, Sungsil Wang, Yuhuan Edens, Chris Gentsch, Jon R. Prausnitz, Mark R. Jiang, Baoming TI Dose sparing and enhanced immunogenicity of inactivated rotavirus vaccine administered by skin vaccination using a microneedle patch SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus; IRV; Microneedle; Skin immunization ID CHILDREN; SAFETY; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTION; EFFICACY; DIARRHEA; VIRUS; CELLS; MICE; DELIVERY AB Skin immunization is effective against a number of infectious diseases, including smallpox and tuberculosis, but is difficult to administer. Here, we assessed the use of an easy-to-administer microneedle (MN) patch for skin vaccination using an inactivated rotavirus vaccine (IRV) in mice. Female inbred BALB/c mice in groups of six were immunized once in the skin using MN coated with 5 mu g or 0.5 mu g of inactivated rotavirus antigen or by intramuscular (IM) injection with 5 mu g or 0.5 mu g of the same antigen, bled at 0 and 10 days, and exsanguinated at 28 days. Rotavirus-specific IgG titers increased over time in sera of mice immunized with IRV using MN or IM injection. However, titers of IgG and neutralizing activity were generally higher in MN immunized mice than in IM immunized mice; the titers in mice that received 0.5 mu g of antigen with MN were comparable or higher than those that received 5 mu g of antigen IM, indicating dose sparing. None of the mice receiving negative-control, antigen-free MN had any IgG titers. In addition, MN immunization was at least as effective as IM administration in inducing a memory response of dendritic cells in the spleen. Our findings demonstrate that MN delivery can reduce the IRV dose needed to mount a robust immune response compared to IM injection and holds promise as a strategy for developing a safer and more effective rotavirus vaccine for use among children throughout the world. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moon, Sungsil; Wang, Yuhuan; Gentsch, Jon R.; Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edens, Chris; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Tech, Wallace Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edens, Chris; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov OI Edens, William/0000-0002-7563-6201 FU U.S. National Institutes of Health FX We thank Charles Humphrey for performing electron micrograph analysis of rotavirus particles and John Zhang for helping perform statistical analysis of data. This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Conflict of interest: S.M., Y.W., C.E., J.R.G and B.J. have no conflict of interest. M.R.P. is an inventor of patents that have been licensed to companies developing MN-based products, is a paid advisor to companies developing MN-based products and is a founder/shareholder of companies developing MN-based products. This potential conflict of interest has been disclosed and is overseen by Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 25 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 34 SI SI BP 3396 EP 3402 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.027 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 195FS UT WOS:000322688300003 PM 23174199 ER PT J AU Edens, C Collins, ML Ayers, J Rota, PA Prausnitz, MR AF Edens, Chris Collins, Marcus L. Ayers, Jessica Rota, Paul A. Prausnitz, Mark R. TI Measles vaccination using a microneedle patch SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles vaccination; Microneedle patch; Vaccine stability; Cotton rat ID VIRUS VACCINE; ANIMAL-MODELS; IMMUNIZATION; DELIVERY; SKIN; FORMULATIONS; ARRAYS; RATS; MICE AB Measles vaccination programs would benefit from delivery methods that decrease cost, simplify logistics, and increase safety. Conventional subcutaneous injection is limited by the need for skilled healthcare professionals to reconstitute and administer injections, and by the need for safe needle handling and disposal to reduce the risk of disease transmission through needle re-use and needlestick injury. Microneedles are micron-scale, solid needles coated with a dry formulation of vaccine that dissolves in the skin within minutes after patch application. By avoiding the use of hypodermic needles, vaccination using a microneedle patch could be carried out by minimally trained personnel with reduced risk of blood-borne disease transmission. The goal of this study was to evaluate measles vaccination using a microneedle patch to address some of the limitations of subcutaneous injection. Viability of vaccine virus dried onto a microneedle patch was stabilized by incorporation of the sugar, trehalose, and loss of viral titer was less than 1 log(10)(TCID50) after storage for at least 30 days at room temperature. Microneedle patches were then used to immunize cotton rats with the Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine strain. Vaccination using microneedles at doses equaling the standard human dose or one-fifth the human dose generated neutralizing antibody levels equivalent to those of a subcutaneous immunization at the same dose. These results show that measles vaccine can be stabilized on microneedles and that vaccine efficiently reconstitutes in vivo to generate a neutralizing antibody response equivalent to that generated by subcutaneous injection. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Edens, Chris; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Tech, Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Edens, Chris; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Emory Univ, Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Collins, Marcus L.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ayers, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anim Res Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Prausnitz, MR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM par1@cdc.gov; prausnitz@gatech.edu OI Edens, William/0000-0002-7563-6201 FU Georgia Research Alliance; National Institutes of Health FX The authors would like to thank Vladimir Zarnitsyn for designing and building the system used to coat the needles and giving support during its use; Samir Patel and Mark Papania for helpful discussions, James Norman for help with statistical analysis and Donna Bondy for administrative support. This work was supported in part by grants from the Georgia Research Alliance and the National Institutes of Health. Mark Prausnitz is an inventor on patents and has a significant financial interest in a company that is developing microneedle-based products. This potential conflict of interest has been disclosed and is being managed by Georgia Tech and Emory University. NR 55 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 25 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 34 SI SI BP 3403 EP 3409 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.062 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 195FS UT WOS:000322688300004 PM 23044406 ER PT J AU Zelner, JL Lopman, BA Hall, AJ Ballesteros, S Grenfell, BT AF Zelner, Jonathan L. Lopman, Benjamin A. Hall, Aron J. Ballesteros, Sebastien Grenfell, Bryan T. TI Linking Time-Varying Symptomatology and Intensity of Infectiousness to Patterns of Norovirus Transmission SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Norovirus (NoV) transmission may be impacted by changes in symptom intensity. Sudden onset of vomiting, which may cause an initial period of hyper-infectiousness, often marks the beginning of symptoms. This is often followed by: a 1-3 day period of milder symptoms, environmental contamination following vomiting, and post-symptomatic shedding that may result in transmission at progressively lower rates. Existing models have not included time-varying infectiousness, though representing these features could add utility to models of NoV transmission. Methods: We address this by comparing the fit of three models (Models 1-3) of NoV infection to household transmission data from a 2009 point-source outbreak of GII. 12 norovirus in North Carolina. Model 1 is an SEIR compartmental model, modified to allow Gamma-distributed sojourn times in the latent and infectious classes, where symptomatic cases are uniformly infectious over time. Model 2 assumes infectiousness decays exponentially as a function of time since onset, while Model 3 is discontinuous, with a spike concentrating 50% of transmissibility at onset. We use Bayesian data augmentation techniques to estimate transmission parameters for each model, and compare their goodness of fit using qualitative and quantitative model comparison. We also assess the robustness of our findings to asymptomatic infections. Results: We find that Model 3 (initial spike in shedding) best explains the household transmission data, using both quantitative and qualitative model comparisons. We also show that these results are robust to the presence of asymptomatic infections. Conclusions: Explicitly representing explosive NoV infectiousness at onset should be considered when developing models and interventions to interrupt and prevent outbreaks of norovirus in the community. The methods presented here are generally applicable to the transmission of pathogens that exhibit large variation in transmissibility over an infection. C1 [Zelner, Jonathan L.; Ballesteros, Sebastien; Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lopman, Benjamin A.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zelner, Jonathan L.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Zelner, JL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jzelner@princeton.edu FU Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX J. Zelner and B. Grenfell were supported by the RAPIDD program of the Science & Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. B Grenfell and S. Ballesteros were supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 24 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68413 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068413 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 188BY UT WOS:000322167900011 PM 23894302 ER PT J AU Vora, NM Basavaraju, SV Feldman, KA Paddock, CD Orciari, L Gitterman, S Griese, S Wallace, RM Said, M Blau, DM Selvaggi, G Velasco-Villa, A Ritter, J Yager, P Kresch, A Niezgoda, M Blanton, J Stosor, V Falta, EM Lyon, GM Zembower, T Kuzmina, N Rohatgi, PK Recuenco, S Zaki, S Damon, I Franka, R Kuehnert, MJ AF Vora, Neil M. Basavaraju, Sridhar V. Feldman, Katherine A. Paddock, Christopher D. Orciari, Lillian Gitterman, Steven Griese, Stephanie Wallace, Ryan M. Said, Maria Blau, Dianna M. Selvaggi, Gennaro Velasco-Villa, Andres Ritter, Jana Yager, Pamela Kresch, Agnes Niezgoda, Mike Blanton, Jesse Stosor, Valentina Falta, Edward M. Lyon, G. Marshall, III Zembower, Teresa Kuzmina, Natalia Rohatgi, Prashant K. Recuenco, Sergio Zaki, Sherif Damon, Inger Franka, Richard Kuehnert, Matthew J. CA Transplant-Associated Rabies Virus TI Raccoon Rabies Virus Variant Transmission Through Solid Organ Transplantation SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; NORTH-AMERICA; BAT RABIES AB IMPORTANCE The rabies virus causes a fatal encephalitis and can be transmitted through tissue or organ transplantation. In February 2013, a kidney recipient with no reported exposures to potentially rabid animals died from rabies 18 months after transplantation. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether organ transplantation was the source of rabies virus exposure in the kidney recipient, and to evaluate for and prevent rabies in other transplant recipients from the same donor. DESIGN Organ donor and all transplant recipient medical records were reviewed. Laboratory tests to detect rabies virus-specific binding antibodies, rabies virus neutralizing antibodies, and rabies virus antigens were conducted on available specimens, including serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissues from the donor and the recipients. Viral ribonucleic acid was extracted from tissues and amplified for nucleoprotein gene sequencing for phylogenetic comparisons. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Determination of whether the donor died from undiagnosed rabies and whether other organ recipients developed rabies. RESULTS In retrospect, the donor's clinical presentation (which began with vomiting and upper extremity paresthesias and progressed to fever, seizures, dysphagia, autonomic dysfunction, and brain death) was consistent with rabies. Rabies virus antigen was detected in archived autopsy brain tissue collected from the donor. The rabies viruses infecting the donor and the deceased kidney recipient were consistent with the raccoon rabies virus variant and were more than 99.9% identical across the entire N gene (1349/1350 nucleotides), thus confirming organ transplantation as the route of transmission. The 3 other organ recipients remained asymptomatic, with rabies virus neutralizing antibodies detected in their serum after completion of postexposure prophylaxis (range, 0.3-40.8 IU/mL). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Unlike the 2 previous clusters of rabies virus transmission through solid organ transplantation, there was a long incubation period in the recipient who developed rabies, and survival of 3 other recipients without pretransplant rabies vaccination. Rabies should be considered in patients with acute progressive encephalitis of unexplained etiology, especially for potential organ donors. A standard evaluation of potential donors who meet screening criteria for infectious encephalitis should be considered, and risks and benefits for recipients of organs from these donors should be evaluated. C1 [Vora, Neil M.; Orciari, Lillian; Wallace, Ryan M.; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Yager, Pamela; Niezgoda, Mike; Blanton, Jesse; Kuzmina, Natalia; Recuenco, Sergio; Damon, Inger; Franka, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vora, Neil M.; Griese, Stephanie; Wallace, Ryan M.; Said, Maria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Basavaraju, Sridhar V.; Kuehnert, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feldman, Katherine A.; Said, Maria] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.; Blau, Dianna M.; Ritter, Jana; Zaki, Sherif] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gitterman, Steven; Kresch, Agnes; Rohatgi, Prashant K.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20422 USA. [Gitterman, Steven; Kresch, Agnes; Rohatgi, Prashant K.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA. [Griese, Stephanie] North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Selvaggi, Gennaro] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami Transplant Inst, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Stosor, Valentina; Zembower, Teresa] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Falta, Edward M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lyon, G. Marshall, III] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgk8@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; North Carolina Division of Public Health; Florida Department of Health FX This investigation was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, North Carolina Division of Public Health, and Florida Department of Health and funded as part of routine infectious disease outbreak investigation activities. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 24 PY 2013 VL 310 IS 4 BP 398 EP 407 DI 10.1001/jama.2013.7986 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 187LV UT WOS:000322121500017 PM 23917290 ER PT J AU Hall, HI Frazier, EL Rhodes, P Holtgrave, DR Furlow-Parmley, C Tang, T Gray, KM Cohen, SM Mermin, J Skarbinski, J AF Hall, H. Irene Frazier, Emma L. Rhodes, Philip Holtgrave, David R. Furlow-Parmley, Carolyn Tang, Tian Gray, Kristen Mahle Cohen, Stacy M. Mermin, Jonathan Skarbinski, Jacek TI Differences in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care and Treatment Among Subpopulations in the United States SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOCIETY-USA PANEL; HIV-INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; MEDICAL-CARE; RETENTION; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATION; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; ADULTS AB IMPORTANCE Early diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, prompt linkage to and sustained care, and antiretroviral therapy are associated with reduced individual morbidity, mortality, and transmission of the virus. However, levels of these indicators may differ among population groups with HIV. Disparities in care and treatment may contribute to the higher incidence rates among groups with higher prevalence of HIV. OBJECTIVE To examine differences between groups of persons living with HIV by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and transmission category at essential steps in the continuum of care. DESIGN AND SETTING We obtained data from the National HIV Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the number of persons living with HIV who are aware and unaware of their infection using back-calculation models. We calculated the percentage of persons linked to care within 3 months of diagnosis on the basis of CD4 level and viral load test results. We estimated the percentages of persons retained in care, prescribed antiretroviral therapy, and with viral suppression using data from the Medical Monitoring Project, a surveillance system of persons receiving HIV care in select areas representative of all such persons in the United States. PARTICIPANTS All HIV-infected persons in the United States. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Percentage of persons living with HIV who are aware of their infection, linked to care, retained in care, receiving antiretroviral therapy, and achieving viral suppression. RESULTS Of the estimated 1 148 200 persons living with HIV in 2009 in the United States, 81.9% had been diagnosed, 65.8% were linked to care, 36.7% were retained in care, 32.7% were prescribed antiretroviral therapy, and 25.3% had a suppressed viral load (<= 200 copies/mL). Overall, 857 276 persons with HIV had not achieved viral suppression, including 74.8% of male, 79.0% of black, 73.9% of Hispanic/Latino, and 70.3% of white persons. The percentage of blacks in each step of the continuum was lower than that for whites, but these differences were not statistically significant. Among persons with HIV who were 13 to 24 years of age, only 40.5% had received a diagnosis and 30.6% were linked to care. Persons aged 25 to 34, 35 to 44, and 45 to 54 years were all significantly less likely to achieve viral suppression than were persons aged 55 to 64 years. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Significant age disparities exist at each step of the continuum of care. Additional efforts are needed to ensure that all persons with HIV receive a diagnosis and optimal care to reduce morbidity, mortality, disparities in care and treatment, and ultimately HIV transmission. Ensuring that people stay in care and receive treatment will increase the proportion of HIV-infected individuals who achieve and maintain a suppressed viral load. C1 [Hall, H. Irene; Frazier, Emma L.; Rhodes, Philip; Furlow-Parmley, Carolyn; Gray, Kristen Mahle; Cohen, Stacy M.; Mermin, Jonathan; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. [Tang, Tian] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hall, HI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ixh1@cdc.gov FU CDC FX The CDC provides funds to all states and the District of Columbia to conduct the HIV surveillance used in this study and to selected areas to conduct the MMP and provides technical assistance to all funded areas. NR 30 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 2168-6106 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD JUL 22 PY 2013 VL 173 IS 14 BP 1337 EP 1344 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.6841 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 214TX UT WOS:000324160100014 PM 23780395 ER PT J AU Chitnis, AS Holzbauer, SM Belflower, RM Winston, LG Bamberg, WM Lyons, C Farley, MM Dumyati, GK Wilson, LE Beldavs, ZG Dunn, JR Gould, LH MacCannell, DR Gerding, DN McDonald, LC Lessa, FC AF Chitnis, Amit S. Holzbauer, Stacy M. Belflower, Ruth M. Winston, Lisa G. Bamberg, Wendy M. Lyons, Carol Farley, Monica M. Dumyati, Ghinwa K. Wilson, Lucy E. Beldavs, Zintars G. Dunn, John R. Gould, L. Hannah MacCannell, Duncan R. Gerding, Dale N. McDonald, L. Clifford Lessa, Fernanda C. TI Epidemiology of Community-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection, 2009 Through 2011 SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; NATIONAL TRENDS; RISK; DIARRHEA; MEAT; COLONIZATION; CHILDREN; DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE AB IMPORTANCE Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been increasingly reported among healthy individuals in the community. Recent data suggest that community-associated CDI represents one-third of all C difficile cases. The epidemiology and potential sources of C difficile in the community are not fully understood. OBJECTIVES To determine epidemiological and clinical characteristics of community-associated CDI and to explore potential sources of C difficile acquisition in the community. DESIGN AND SETTING Active population-based and laboratory-based CDI surveillance in 8 US states. PARTICIPANTS Medical records were reviewed and interviews performed to assess outpatient, household, and food exposures among patients with community-associated CDI (ie, toxin or molecular assay positive for C difficile and no overnight stay in a health care facility within 12 weeks). Molecular characterization of C difficile isolates was performed. Outpatient health care exposure in the prior 12 weeks among patients with community-associated CDI was a priori categorized into the following 3 levels: no exposure, low-level exposure (ie, outpatient visit with physician or dentist), or high-level exposure (ie, surgery, dialysis, emergency or urgent care visit, inpatient care with no overnight stay, or health care personnel with direct patient care). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of outpatient health care exposure among patients with community-associated CDI and identification of potential sources of C difficile by level of outpatient health care exposure. RESULTS Of 984 patients with community-associated CDI, 353 (35.9%) did not receive antibiotics, 177 (18.0%) had no outpatient health care exposure, and 400 (40.7%) had low-level outpatient health care exposure. Thirty-one percent of patients without antibiotic exposure received proton pump inhibitors. Patients having CDI with no or low-level outpatient health care exposure were more likely to be exposed to infants younger than 1 year (P = .04) and to household members with active CDI (P = .05) compared with those having high-level outpatient health care exposure. No association between food exposure or animal exposure and level of outpatient health care exposure was observed. North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (NAP) 1 was the most common (21.7%) strain isolated; NAP7 and NAP8 were uncommon (6.7%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Most patients with community-associated CDI had recent outpatient health care exposure, and up to 36% would not be prevented by reduction of antibiotic use only. Our data support evaluation of additional strategies, including further examination of C difficile transmission in outpatient and household settings and reduction of proton pump inhibitor use. C1 [Chitnis, Amit S.; Belflower, Ruth M.; MacCannell, Duncan R.; McDonald, L. Clifford; Lessa, Fernanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chitnis, Amit S.] Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Career Epidemiol Field Off Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Belflower, Ruth M.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Winston, Lisa G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, San Francisco Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bamberg, Wendy M.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Lyons, Carol] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa K.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Wilson, Lucy E.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Beldavs, Zintars G.] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Dunn, John R.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Loyola Univ, Chicago Stritch Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Hines Vet Affairs Hosp, Hines, IL USA. RP Lessa, FC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM flessa@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CK000201, U50CK000194, U50CK000195, U50CK000196, U50CK000203, U50CK000204, U50CK000199, U50CK000198] FX This work was funded by the Emerging Infections Program Cooperative Agreement between study sites and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the following grants: U50CK000201 (California), U50CK000194 (Colorado), U50CK000195 (Connecticut), U50CK000196 (Georgia), U50CK000203 (Maryland), U50CK000204 (Minnesota), U50CK000199 (New York), and U50CK000198 (Tennessee). NR 43 TC 110 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 2168-6106 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD JUL 22 PY 2013 VL 173 IS 14 BP 1359 EP 1367 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.7056 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 214TX UT WOS:000324160100019 PM 23780507 ER PT J AU Jiang, J Jiang, BM Parashar, U Nguyen, T Bines, J Patel, MM AF Jiang, James Jiang, Baoming Parashar, Umesh Trang Nguyen Bines, Julie Patel, Manish M. TI Childhood Intussusception: A Literature Review SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION PROGRAM; US INFANTS; INTESTINAL INTUSSUSCEPTION; RETROSPECTIVE SURVEILLANCE; PEDIATRIC INTUSSUSCEPTION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRY; ENEMA REDUCTION; DISCHARGE DATA; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS AB Background: Postlicensure data has identified a causal link between rotavirus vaccines and intussusception in some settings. As rotavirus vaccines are introduced globally, monitoring intussusception will be crucial for ensuring safety of the vaccine programs. Methods: To obtain updated information on background rates and clinical management of intussusception, we reviewed studies of intussusception in children <18 years of age published since 2002. We assessed the incidence of intussusception by month of life among children <1 year of age, seasonality, method of diagnosis, treatment, and case-fatality. Findings: We identified 82 studies from North America, Asia, Europe, Oceania, Africa, Eastern Mediterranean, and Central & South America that reported a total of 44,454 intussusception events. The mean incidence of intussusception was 74 per 100,000 (range: 9-328) among children <1 year of age, with peak incidence among infants 5-7 months of age. No seasonal patterns were observed. A radiographic modality was used to diagnose intussusception in over 95% of the cases in all regions except Africa where clinical findings or surgery were used in 65% of the cases. Surgical rates were substantially higher in Africa (77%) and Central and South America (86%) compared to other regions (13-29%). Case-fatality also was higher in Africa (9%) compared to other regions (<1%). The primary limitation of this review relates to the heterogeneity in intussusception surveillance across different regions. Conclusion: This review of the intussusception literature from the past decade provides pertinent information that should facilitate implementation of intussusception surveillance for monitoring the postlicensure safety of rotavirus vaccines. C1 [Jiang, James; Jiang, Baoming; Parashar, Umesh; Patel, Manish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Trang Nguyen] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Bines, Julie] Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Royal Childrens Hosp, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov NR 98 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 22 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68482 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068482 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 187PW UT WOS:000322132100018 PM 23894308 ER PT J AU Garfield, R AF Garfield, Richard TI Health professionals in Syria SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Garfield, R (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM garfier@gmail.com NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 382 IS 9888 BP 205 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61507-X PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 193FL UT WOS:000322543700023 PM 23830558 ER PT J AU Kotloff, KL Nataro, JP Blackwelder, WC Nasrin, D Farag, TH Panchalingam, S Wu, Y Sow, SO Sur, D Breiman, RF Faruque, ASG Zaidi, AKM Saha, D Alonso, PL Tamboura, B Sanogo, D Onwuchekwa, U Manna, B Ramamurthy, T Kanungo, S Ochieng, JB Omore, R Oundo, JO Hossain, A Das, SK Ahmed, S Qureshi, S Quadri, F Adegbola, RA Antonio, M Hossain, MJ Akinsola, A Mandomando, I Nhampossa, T Acacio, S Biswas, K O'Reilly, CE Mintz, ED Berkeley, LY Muhsen, K Sommerfelt, H Robins-Browne, RM Levine, MM AF Kotloff, Karen L. Nataro, James P. Blackwelder, William C. Nasrin, Dilruba Farag, Tamer H. Panchalingam, Sandra Wu, Yukun Sow, Samba O. Sur, Dipika Breiman, Robert F. Faruque, Abu S. G. Zaidi, Anita K. M. Saha, Debasish Alonso, Pedro L. Tamboura, Boubou Sanogo, Doh Onwuchekwa, Uma Manna, Byomkesh Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan Kanungo, Suman Ochieng, John B. Omore, Richard Oundo, Joseph O. Hossain, Anowar Das, Sumon K. Ahmed, Shahnawaz Qureshi, Shahida Quadri, Farheen Adegbola, Richard A. Antonio, Martin Hossain, M. Jahangir Akinsola, Adebayo Mandomando, Inacio Nhampossa, Tacilta Acacio, Sozinho Biswas, Kousick O'Reilly, Ciara E. Mintz, Eric D. Berkeley, Lynette Y. Muhsen, Khitam Sommerfelt, Halvor Robins-Browne, Roy M. Levine, Myron M. TI Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; ATTRIBUTABLE RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CASE/CONTROL; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; PERFORMANCE; POPULATION AB Background Diarrhoeal diseases cause illness and death among children younger than 5 years in low-income countries. We designed the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) to identify the aetiology and population-based burden of paediatric diarrhoeal disease in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia. Methods The GEMS is a 3-year, prospective, age-stratified, matched case-control study of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea in children aged 0-59 months residing in censused populations at four sites in Africa and three in Asia. We recruited children with moderate-to-severe diarrhoea seeking care at health centres along with one to three randomly selected matched community control children without diarrhoea. From patients with moderate-to-severe diarrhoea and controls, we obtained clinical and epidemiological data, anthropometric measure ments, and a faecal sample to identify enteropathogens at enrolment; one follow-up home visit was made about 60 days later to ascertain vital status, clinical outcome, and interval growth. Findings We enrolled 9439 children with moderate-to-severe diarrhoea and 13 129 control children without diarrhoea. By analysing adjusted population attributable fractions, most attributable cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea were due to four pathogens: rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli producing heat-stable toxin (ST-ETEC; with or without co-expression of heat-labile enterotoxin), and Shigella. Other pathogens were important in selected sites (eg, Aeromonas, Vibrio cholerae O1, Campylobacter jejuni). Odds of dying during follow-up were 8.5-fold higher in patients with moderate-to-severe diarrhoea than in controls (odd ratio 8.5, 95% CI 5.8-12.5, p<0.0001); most deaths (167 [87.9%]) occurred during the first 2 years of life. Pathogens associated with increased risk of case death were ST-ETEC (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9; 0.99-3.5) and typical enteropathogenic E coli (HR 2.6; 1.6-4.1) in infants aged 0-11 months, and Cryptosporidium (HR 2.3; 1.3-4.3) in toddlers aged 12-23 months. Interpretation Interventions targeting five pathogens (rotavirus, Shigella, ST-ETEC, Cryptosporidium, typical enteropathogenic E coli) can substantially reduce the burden of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea. New methods and accelerated implementation of existing interventions (rotavirus vaccine and zinc) are needed to prevent disease and improve outcomes. C1 [Kotloff, Karen L.; Nataro, James P.; Blackwelder, William C.; Nasrin, Dilruba; Farag, Tamer H.; Panchalingam, Sandra; Wu, Yukun; Berkeley, Lynette Y.; Muhsen, Khitam; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kotloff, Karen L.; Nataro, James P.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kotloff, Karen L.; Nataro, James P.; Blackwelder, William C.; Nasrin, Dilruba; Farag, Tamer H.; Panchalingam, Sandra; Wu, Yukun; Muhsen, Khitam; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Nataro, James P.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Sow, Samba O.; Tamboura, Boubou; Sanogo, Doh; Onwuchekwa, Uma] Ctr Dev Vaccins, Bamako, Mali. [Sur, Dipika; Manna, Byomkesh; Ramamurthy, Thandavarayan; Kanungo, Suman] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Kolkata, India. [Breiman, Robert F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Off, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Faruque, Abu S. G.; Hossain, Anowar; Das, Sumon K.; Ahmed, Shahnawaz] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Zaidi, Anita K. M.; Qureshi, Shahida; Quadri, Farheen] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Saha, Debasish; Adegbola, Richard A.; Antonio, Martin; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Akinsola, Adebayo] Med Res Council UK Unit, Fajara, Gambia. [Alonso, Pedro L.; Mandomando, Inacio; Nhampossa, Tacilta; Acacio, Sozinho] Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Maputo, Mozambique. [Alonso, Pedro L.] Hosp Clin Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, Barcelona, Spain. [Ochieng, John B.; Omore, Richard; Oundo, Joseph O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent KEMRI CDC, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Adegbola, Richard A.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Global Med Affairs, Wavre, Belgium. [Akinsola, Adebayo] Daffodils Pediat & Family Med, Tucker, GA USA. [Mandomando, Inacio; Nhampossa, Tacilta; Acacio, Sozinho] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Biswas, Kousick] US Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr, Perry Point, MD USA. [O'Reilly, Ciara E.; Mintz, Eric D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Berkeley, Lynette Y.] Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Off Antimicrobial Prod, Div Antiinfect Prod, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sommerfelt, Halvor] Univ Bergen, Ctr Int Hlth, Bergen, Norway. [Sommerfelt, Halvor] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis Control, Oslo, Norway. [Robins-Browne, Roy M.] Univ Melbourne, Royal Childrens Hosp, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. RP Kotloff, KL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM kkotloff@medicine.umaryland.edu OI Robins-Browne, Roy/0000-0001-9179-7884 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 36 TC 604 Z9 616 U1 16 U2 135 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 382 IS 9888 BP 209 EP 222 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60844-2 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 193FL UT WOS:000322543700031 PM 23680352 ER PT J AU Tretyakova, I Pearce, MB Florese, R Tumpey, TM Pushko, P AF Tretyakova, Irina Pearce, Melissa B. Florese, Ruth Tumpey, Terrence M. Pushko, Peter TI Intranasal vaccination with H5, H7 and H9 hemagglutinins co-localized in a virus-like particle protects ferrets from multiple avian influenza viruses SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Virus-like particle; VLP; Vaccine; Trivalent; Avian influenza ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; IN-VITRO; INFECTION; VACCINES; RESPONSES; CELLS; MICE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; REPLICATION; ANTIBODIES AB Avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 viruses top the World Health Organization's (WHO) list of subtypes with the greatest pandemic potential. Here we describe a recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) that co-localizes hemagglutinin (HA) proteins derived from H5N1, H7N2, and H9N2 viruses as an experimental vaccine against these viruses. A baculovirus vector was configured to co-express the H5, H7, and H9 genes from A/Viet Nam/1203/2004 (H5N1), A/New York/107/2003 (H7N2) and A/Hong Kong/33982/2009 (H9N2) viruses, respectively, as well as neuraminidase (NA) and matrix (M1) genes from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) virus. Co-expression of these genes in Sf9 cells resulted in production of triple-subtype VLPs containing HA molecules derived from the three influenza viruses. The triple-subtype VLPs exhibited hemagglutination and neuraminidase activities and morphologically resembled influenza virions. Intranasal vaccination of ferrets with the VLPs resulted in induction of serum antibody responses and efficient protection against experimental challenges with H5N1, H7N2, and H9N2 viruses. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tretyakova, Irina; Florese, Ruth; Pushko, Peter] Medigen Inc, Frederick, MD USA. [Pearce, Melissa B.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pushko, P (reprint author), Medigen Inc, 4539 Metropolitan Court, Frederick, MD USA. EM ppushko@medigen-usa.com FU USDA NIFA [2011-33610-30433] FX We thank Rachmat Hidajat and Jason Hearn for their contributions. This project was supported in part by Grant no. 2011-33610-30433 from the USDA NIFA. RF is currently at GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 20 PY 2013 VL 442 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.03.027 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 168DW UT WOS:000320686900009 PM 23618102 ER PT J AU Harvey, K Esposito, DH Han, P Kozarsky, P Freedman, DO Plier, DA Sotir, MJ AF Harvey, Kira Esposito, Douglas H. Han, Pauline Kozarsky, Phyllis Freedman, David O. Plier, D. Adam Sotir, Mark J. TI Surveillance for Travel-Related Disease - GeoSentinel Surveillance System, United States, 1997-2011 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID ILL RETURNED TRAVELERS; AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; VISITING FRIENDS; HEALTH-PROBLEMS; RELATIVES; MEDICINE; NETWORK; MALARIA; DENGUE AB Problem/Condition: In 2012, the number of international tourist arrivals worldwide was projected to reach a new high of 1 billion arrivals, a 48% increase from 674 million arrivals in 2000. International travel also is increasing among U.S. residents. In 2009, U.S. residents made approximately 61 million trips outside the country, a 5% increase from 1999. Travel-related morbidity can occur during or after travel. Worldwide, 8% of travelers from industrialized to developing countries report becoming ill enough to seek health care during or after travel. Travelers have contributed to the global spread of infectious diseases, including novel and emerging pathogens. Therefore, surveillance of travel-related morbidity is an essential component of global public health surveillance and will be of greater importance as international travel increases worldwide. Reporting Period: September 1997-December 2011. Description of System: GeoSentinel is a clinic-based global surveillance system that tracks infectious diseases and other adverse health outcomes in returned travelers, foreign visitors, and immigrants. GeoSentinel comprises 54 travel/tropical medicine clinics worldwide that electronically submit demographic, travel, and clinical diagnosis data for all patients evaluated for an illness or other health condition that is presumed to be related to international travel. Clinical information is collected by physicians with expertise or experience in travel/tropical medicine. Data collected at all sites are entered electronically into a database, which is housed at and maintained by CDC. The GeoSentinel network membership program comprises 235 additional clinics in 40 countries on six continents. Although these network members do not report surveillance data systematically, they can report unusual or concerning diagnoses in travelers and might be asked to perform enhanced surveillance in response to specific health events or concerns. Results: During September 1997-December 2011, data were collected on 141,789 patients with confirmed or probable travelrelated diagnoses. Of these, 23,006 (16%) patients were evaluated in the United States, 10,032 (44%) of whom were evaluated after returning from travel outside of the United States (i.e., after-travel patients). Of the 10,032 after-travel patients, 4,977 (50%) were female, 4,856 (48%) were male, and 199 (2%) did not report sex; the median age was 34 years. Most were evaluated in outpatient settings (84%), were born in the United States (76%), and reported current U. S. residence (99%). The most common reasons for travel were tourism (38%), missionary/volunteer/research/aid work (24%), visiting friends and relatives (17%), and business (15%). The most common regions of exposure were Sub-Saharan Africa (23%), Central America (15%), and South America (12%). Fewer than half (44%) reported having had a pretravel visit with a health-care provider. Of the 13,059 diagnoses among the 10,032 after-travel patients, the most common diagnoses were acute unspecified diarrhea (8%), acute bacterial diarrhea (5%), postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (5%), giardiasis (3%), and chronic unknown diarrhea (3%). The most common diagnostic groupings were acute diarrhea (22%), nondiarrheal gastrointestinal (15%), febrile/systemic illness (14%), and dermatologic (12%). Among 1,802 patients with febrile/systemic illness diagnoses, the most common diagnosis was Plasmodium falciparum malaria (19%). The rapid communication component of the GeoSentinel network has allowed prompt responses to important health events affecting travelers; during 2010 and 2011, the notification capability of the GeoSentinel network was used in the identification and public health response to East African trypanosomiasis in Eastern Zambia and North Central Zimbabwe, P. vivax malaria in Greece, and muscular sarcocystosis on Tioman Island, Malaysia. Interpretation: The GeoSentinel Global Surveillance System is the largest repository of provider-based data on travel-related illness. Among ill travelers evaluated in U.S. GeoSentinel sites after returning from international travel, gastrointestinal diagnoses were most frequent, suggesting that U.S. travelers might be exposed to unsafe food and water while traveling internationally. The most common febrile/systemic diagnosis was P. falciparum malaria, suggesting that some U.S. travelers to malarial areas are not receiving or using proper malaria chemoprophylaxis or mosquito-bite avoidance measures. The finding that fewer than half of all patients reported having made a pretravel visit with a health-care provider indicates that a substantial portion of U.S. travelers might not be following CDC travelers' health recommendations for international travel. Public Health Action: GeoSentinel surveillance data have helped researchers define an evidence base for travel medicine that has informed travelers' health guidelines and the medical evaluation of ill international travelers. These data suggest that persons traveling internationally from the United States to developing countries remain at risk for illness. Health-care providers should help prepare travelers properly for safe travel and provide destination-specific medical evaluation of returning ill travelers. Training for health-care providers should focus on preventing and treating a variety of travel-related conditions, particularly traveler's diarrhea and malaria. C1 [Harvey, Kira; Esposito, Douglas H.; Han, Pauline; Kozarsky, Phyllis; Sotir, Mark J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Freedman, David O.; Plier, D. Adam] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Harvey, K (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jii3@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 11 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 3 BP 1 EP 23 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 242JG UT WOS:000326235500001 PM 23863769 ER PT J AU Agarwal, A McMorrow, M Onyango, P Otieno, K Odero, C Williamson, J Kariuki, S Kachur, SP Slutsker, L Desai, M AF Agarwal, Aarti McMorrow, Meredith Onyango, Peter Otieno, Kephas Odero, Christopher Williamson, John Kariuki, Simon Kachur, Stephen Patrick Slutsker, Laurence Desai, Meghna TI A randomized trial of artemether-lumefantrine and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children in western Kenya SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG RESISTANCE; COMBINATION THERAPY; EFFICACY; TRANSMISSION; AFRICA; POLICY AB Background: Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) was adopted as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Kenya in 2006. Monitoring drug efficacy at regular intervals is essential to prevent unnecessary morbidity and mortality. The efficacy of AL and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) were evaluated for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children aged six to 59 months in western Kenya. Methods: From October 2010 to August 2011, children with fever or history of fever with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum mono-infection were enrolled in an in vivo efficacy trial in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The children were randomized to treatment with a three-day course of AL or DP and efficacy outcomes were measured at 28 and 42 days after treatment initiation. Results: A total of 137 children were enrolled in each treatment arm. There were no early treatment failures and all children except one had cleared parasites by day 3. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-uncorrected adequate clinical and parasitological response rate (ACPR) was 61% in the AL arm and 83% in the DP arm at day 28 (p = 0.001). PCR-corrected ACPR at day 28 was 97% in the AL group and 99% in the DP group, and it was 96% in both arms at day 42. Conclusions: AL and DP remain efficacious for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children in western Kenya. The longer half-life of piperaquine relative to lumefantrine may provide a prophylactic effect, accounting for the lower rate of re-infection in the first 28 days after treatment in the DP arm. C1 [Agarwal, Aarti; Slutsker, Laurence; Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Onyango, Peter; Otieno, Kephas; Odero, Christopher; Williamson, John; Kariuki, Simon; Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control Prevent Res & Publ Hlth Collabora, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Agarwal, Aarti; McMorrow, Meredith; Kachur, Stephen Patrick] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Agarwal, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. EM aartiagarwal@hotmail.com FU KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration FX Support for this study was provided by the KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration and this manuscript was approved by the Director of KEMRI. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 254 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-254 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 188OD UT WOS:000322201400003 PM 23870627 ER PT J AU Sears, D Kigozi, R Mpimbaza, A Kakeeto, S Sserwanga, A Staedke, SG Chang, M Kapella, BK Rubahika, D Kamya, MR Dorsey, G AF Sears, David Kigozi, Ruth Mpimbaza, Arthur Kakeeto, Stella Sserwanga, Asadu Staedke, Sarah G. Chang, Michelle Kapella, Bryan K. Rubahika, Denis Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant TI Anti-malarial prescription practices among outpatients with laboratory-confirmed malaria in the setting of a health facility-based sentinel site surveillance system in Uganda SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Treatment; Outpatient; Anti-malarial; Artemisinin-based combination therapy; Plasmodium falciparum; Artemether-lumefantrine; Prescription; Case management ID UNCOMPLICATED FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; ARTEMISININ-COMBINATION THERAPY; LUMEFANTRINE TREATMENT POLICY; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; CASE-MANAGEMENT; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; PEDIATRIC MALARIA; ZAMBIA AB Background: Most African countries have adopted artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. The World Health Organization now recommends limiting anti-malarial treatment to those with a positive malaria test result. Limited data exist on how these policies have affected ACT prescription practices. Methods: Data were collected from all outpatients presenting to six public health facilities in Uganda as part of a sentinel site malaria surveillance programme. Training in case management, encouragement of laboratory-based diagnosis of malaria, and regular feedback were provided. Data for this report include patients with laboratory confirmed malaria who were prescribed anti-malarial therapy over a two-year period. Patient visits were analysed in two groups: those considered ACT candidates (defined as uncomplicated malaria with no referral for admission in patients >= 4 months of age and >= 5 kg in weight) and those who may not have been ACT candidates. Associations between variables of interest and failure to prescribe ACT to patients who were ACT candidates were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: A total of 51,355 patient visits were included in the analysis and 46,265 (90.1%) were classified as ACT candidates. In the ACT candidate group, 94.5% were correctly prescribed ACT. Artemether-lumefantrine made up 97.3% of ACT prescribed. There were significant differences across the sites in the proportion of patients for whom there was a failure to prescribe ACT, ranging from 3.0-9.3%. Young children and woman of childbearing age had higher odds of failure to receive an ACT prescription. Among patients who may not have been ACT candidates, the proportion prescribed quinine versus ACT differed based on if the patient had severe malaria or was referred for admission (93.4% vs 6.5%) or was below age or weight cutoffs for ACT (41.4% vs 57.2%). Conclusions: High rates of compliance with recommended ACT use can be achieved in resource-limited settings. The unique health facility-based malaria surveillance system operating at these clinical sites may provide a framework for improving appropriate ACT use at other sites in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Sears, David; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kigozi, Ruth; Mpimbaza, Arthur; Kakeeto, Stella; Sserwanga, Asadu; Kamya, Moses R.] Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. [Mpimbaza, Arthur] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Child Hlth & Dev Ctr, Kampala, Uganda. [Staedke, Sarah G.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Chang, Michelle; Kapella, Bryan K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rubahika, Denis] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Sears, D (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, 1001 Potrero Ave,SFGH Bldg 30,Room 3300,Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM david.sears@ucsf.edu FU President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development [1U51CK000117] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration (IDRC) for administrative and technical support, as well as the hard-working clinicians and staff members at the six sentinel sites described here. This publication was made possible through support provided by the President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with CDC (1U51CK000117). The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 252 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-252 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 188OD UT WOS:000322201400001 PM 23870515 ER PT J AU Chang, MH Athar, H Yoon, PW Molla, MT Truman, BI Moonesinghe, R AF Chang, Man-Huei Athar, Heba Yoon, Paula W. Molla, Michael T. Truman, Benedict I. Moonesinghe, Ramal TI State-Specific Healthy Life Expectancy at Age 65 Years - United States, 2007-2009 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Chang, Man-Huei; Athar, Heba; Yoon, Paula W.] CDC, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Molla, Michael T.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Truman, Benedict I.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] CDC, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chang, MH (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdc9@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 28 BP 561 EP 566 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GX UT WOS:000322181900001 ER PT J AU Taulung, LA Masao, C Palik, H Samo, M Barrow, L Pretrick, M Nilles, EJ Kool, J Aure, F Simmons, R Moore, F Pyke, A Taylor, C Cao-Lormeau, VM Sharp, TM Chen, TH AF Taulung, Livinston A. Masao, Carolee Palik, Hibson Samo, Marcus Barrow, Lisa Pretrick, Moses Nilles, Eric J. Kool, Jacob Aure, Fred Simmons, Russell Moore, Frederick Pyke, Alyssa Taylor, Carmel Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai Sharp, Tyler M. Chen, Tai-Ho TI Dengue Outbreak - Federated States of Micronesia, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS C1 [Nilles, Eric J.; Kool, Jacob] WHO, Div Pacific Tech Support, Suva, Fiji. [Aure, Fred] Res Inst Trop Med, Muntinlupa, Philippines. [Simmons, Russell; Moore, Frederick; Pyke, Alyssa; Taylor, Carmel] Queensland Hlth Forens & Sci Svcs, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Cao-Lormeau, Van-Mai] Inst Louis Malarde, Papeete, Fr Polynesia. [Sharp, Tyler M.] Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Chen, Tai-Ho] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Nilles, EJ (reprint author), WHO, Div Pacific Tech Support, Suva, Fiji. EM nillese@who.int OI Nilles, Eric/0000-0001-7044-5257 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 28 BP 570 EP 573 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GX UT WOS:000322181900003 ER PT J AU Marin, M Bialek, SR Seward, JF AF Marin, Mona Bialek, Stephanie R. Seward, Jane F. TI Updated Recommendations for Use of VariZIG - United States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ZOSTER IMMUNE GLOBULIN; VARICELLA; PREVENTION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; EFFICACY; CHILDREN C1 [Marin, Mona; Bialek, Stephanie R.; Seward, Jane F.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marin, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmarin@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 19 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 28 BP 574 EP 576 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GX UT WOS:000322181900004 ER PT J AU Geretti, AM Fox, Z Johnson, JA Booth, C Lipscomb, J Stuyver, LJ Tachedjian, G Baxter, J Touloumi, G Lehmann, C Owen, A Phillips, A AF Geretti, Anna Maria Fox, Zoe Johnson, Jeffrey A. Booth, Clare Lipscomb, Jonathan Stuyver, Lieven J. Tachedjian, Gilda Baxter, John Touloumi, Giota Lehmann, Clara Owen, Andrew Phillips, Andrew CA INSIGHT Strategies Management Anti TI Sensitive Assessment of the Virologic Outcomes of Stopping and Restarting Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE MUTATIONS; PLASMA PHARMACOKINETICS; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; HIV; EFAVIRENZ; VARIANTS; REGIMEN; INTERRUPTION; ASSOCIATION; NEVIRAPINE AB Background: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant mutants have been shown to emerge after interruption of suppressive NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) using routine testing. The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of resistance by sensitive testing and correlate the detection of resistance with NNRTI concentrations after treatment interruption and virologic responses after treatment resumption. Methods: Resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) and NNRTI concentrations were studied in plasma from 132 patients who interrupted suppressive ART within SMART. RAMs were detected by Sanger sequencing, allele-specific PCR, and ultra-deep sequencing. NNRTI concentrations were measured by sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Four weeks after NNRTI interruption, 19/31 (61.3%) and 34/39 (87.2%) patients showed measurable nevirapine (>0.25 ng/ml) or efavirenz (>5 ng/ml) concentrations, respectively. Median eight weeks after interruption, 22/131 (16.8%) patients showed >= 1 NNRTI-RAM, including eight patients with NNRTI-RAMs detected only by sensitive testing. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of NNRTI-RAM detection was 7.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52, 38.30; p = 0.01) with nevirapine or efavirenz concentrations above vs. below the median measured in the study population. Staggered interruption, whereby nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) were continued for median nine days after NNRTI interruption, did not prevent NNRTI-RAMs, but increased detection of NRTI-RAMs (OR 4.25; 95% CI 1.02, 17.77; p = 0.03). After restarting NNRTI-based ART (n = 90), virologic suppression rates <400 copies/ml were 8/13 (61.5%) with NNRTI-RAMs, 7/11 (63.6%) with NRTI-RAMs only, and 51/59 (86.4%) without RAMs. The ORs of re-suppression were 0.18 (95% CI 0.03, 0.89) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.03, 1.15) for patients with NNRTI-RAMs or NRTI-RAMs only respectively vs. those without RAMs (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Detection of resistant mutants in the rebound viremia after interruption of efavirenz-or nevirapine-based ART affects outcomes once these drugs are restarted. Further studies are needed to determine RAM persistence in untreated patients and impact on newer NNRTIs. C1 [Geretti, Anna Maria] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Fox, Zoe] UCL, Inst Neurol, London, England. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Lipscomb, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Booth, Clare] Royal Free London NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Virol, London, England. [Stuyver, Lieven J.] Janssen Diagnost BVBA, Beerse, Belgium. [Tachedjian, Gilda] Burnet Inst, Tachedjian Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Baxter, John] Cooper Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Camden, NJ USA. [Touloumi, Giota] Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Stat, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. [Lehmann, Clara] Univ Cologne, Dept Internal Med, D-50931 Cologne, Germany. [Owen, Andrew] Univ Liverpool, Dept Mol & Clin Pharmacol, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Phillips, Andrew] UCL, Inst Epidemiol & Hlth, London, England. RP Geretti, AM (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. EM geretti@liverpool.ac.uk RI Phillips, Andrew/B-4427-2008; OI Phillips, Andrew/0000-0003-2384-4807; Tachedjian, Gilda/0000-0002-7733-7037; Owen, Andrew/0000-0002-9819-7651 FU NIH [U01-AI068641, U01-AI046362, U01-AI042170]; British HIV Association FX SMART funding sources include NIH Grants U01-AI068641, U01-AI046362, and U01-AI042170 (www.nih.gov). This sub-study study was supported by a British HIV Association (www.bhiva.org) Research Award (AMG). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e69266 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069266 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 214PM UT WOS:000324146200069 PM 23874928 ER PT J AU Ali, MK Bullard, KM Gregg, EW AF Ali, Mohammed K. Bullard, Kai McKeever Gregg, Edward W. TI Achievement of Goals in US Diabetes Care, 1999-2010 SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Ali, Mohammed K.; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ali, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 18 PY 2013 VL 369 IS 3 BP 287 EP 288 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185DQ UT WOS:000321945800029 PM 23863067 ER PT J AU Smith, TG Ellison, JA Ma, XY Kuzmina, N Carson, WC Rupprecht, CE AF Smith, Todd G. Ellison, James A. Ma, Xiaoyue Kuzmina, Natalia Carson, William C. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI An electrochemiluminescence assay for analysis of rabies virus glycoprotein content in rabies vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus; Vaccine; Glycoprotein; Electrochemiluminescent assay; Antigenicity; Immunogenicity ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; POTENCY; ANTIGEN; ELISA; MANUFACTURE; INVITRO AB Vaccine potency testing is necessary to evaluate the immunogenicity of inactivated rabies virus (RABV) vaccine preparations before human or veterinary application. Currently, the NIH test is recommended by the WHO expert committee to evaluate RABV vaccine potency. However, numerous disadvantages are inherent concerning cost, number of animals and biosafety requirements. As such, several in vitro methods have been proposed for the evaluation of vaccines based on RABV glycoprotein (G) quality and quantity, which is expected to correlate with vaccine potency. In this study an antigen-capture electrochemiluminescent (ECL) assay was developed utilizing anti-RABV G monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to quantify RABV G. One MAb 2-21-14 was specific for a conformational epitope so that only immunogenic, natively folded G was captured in the assay. MAb 2-21-14 or a second MAb (62-80-6) that binds a linear epitope was used for detection of RABV G. Vaccine efficacy was also assessed in vivo using pre-exposure vaccination of mice. Purified native RABV G induced a RABV neutralizing antibody (rVNA) response with a geometric mean titer of 4.2 IU/ml and protected 100% of immunized mice against RABV challenge, while an experimental vaccine with a lower quality and quantity of G induced a rVNA titer < 0.05 IU/ml and protected <50% of immunized mice. These preliminary results support the hypothesis that in vivo immunogenicity may be predicted from the in vitro measurement of RABV G using an ECL assay. Based upon these results, the ECL assay may have utility in replacement of the NIH test. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Smith, Todd G.; Ellison, James A.; Ma, Xiaoyue; Kuzmina, Natalia; Carson, William C.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Smith, TG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tgsmith1@cdc.gov OI Ellison, James/0000-0003-4492-4857 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX We thank Franhofer (R) and Medicago (R) for providing the experimental vaccines. We thank J. Blanton, D.B. Green, L. Greenberg, F. Jackson, M. Niezgoda, M.O. Osinubi, S.T. Taylor, A. Wadhwa, and X. Wu for assistance. This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 18 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 33 BP 3333 EP 3338 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.081 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 187FF UT WOS:000322101600005 PM 23742991 ER PT J AU Myers, JE El-Sadr, WM Zerbe, A Branson, BM AF Myers, Julie E. El-Sadr, Wafaa M. Zerbe, Allison Branson, Bernard M. TI Rapid HIV self-testing: long in coming but opportunities beckon SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE diagnostic test approval; harm reduction; HIV antibodies; HIV seropositivity; point of care systems; risk behavior; sexual partners ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; FOLLOW-UP; INFECTION; HOME; MEN; SEX; PREVENTION; SEROCONVERSION AB The recent approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration of a rapid HIV self-test marks a significant milestone in the evolution of HIV testing approaches. With nearly one in five people living with HIV in the United States still undiagnosed and an even higher proportion unaware of their infection globally, this decision reflects a new willingness to offer diverse options to get tested for HIV. Rapid self-testing offers several distinct opportunities to improve testing among those with undiagnosed HIV: to encourage testing among those who might not otherwise be tested, to increase the frequency of testing among persons at highest risk for new infection, and to facilitate mutual HIV testing with sex partners. To date, the path to regulatory approval has been long but instructive. The studies and clinical trials required for regulatory approval in the United States provide insight into the performance and potential implications of HIV self-tests as they become available for sale directly to consumers. Although some persistent reservations about self-testing for HIV remain, including the window period' of the current test kit, its cost, and its effectiveness for facilitating entry to medical care, others have been dispelled. Self-testing in resource-constrained settings is also promising, including self-testing of health professionals. At present, although the impact has yet to be determined, availability of this new option might offer potential opportunities to improve HIV diagnosis and facilitate both treatment and prevention. (C) 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Myers, Julie E.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Myers, Julie E.] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [El-Sadr, Wafaa M.; Zerbe, Allison] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY USA. [Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Myers, JE (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur HIV AIDS Prevent & Control, New York, NY 11101 USA. EM jmyers@health.nyc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [T32AI049821-09]; HIV Prevention Trials Network [UM1 AI068619, CIRCA 5U01AI069466-06] FX The authors acknowledge support from the National Institutes of Health (T32AI049821-09 Training Grant to J.E.M.) and the HIV Prevention Trials Network (UM1 AI068619 and CIRCA 5U01AI069466-06).; J.E.M. received support from the National Institutes of Health (T32AI049821-09 Training Grant). W. M. E. received support from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (UM1 AI068619 and CIRCA 5U01AI069466-06). NR 79 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1687 EP 1695 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835fd7a0 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 250HL UT WOS:000326841200001 PM 23807269 ER PT J AU Unemori, P Leslie, KS Hunt, PW Sinclair, E Epling, L Mitsuyasu, R Effros, RB Dock, J Dollard, SG Deeks, SG Martin, JN Maurer, TA AF Unemori, Patrick Leslie, Kieron S. Hunt, Peter W. Sinclair, Elizabeth Epling, Lorrie Mitsuyasu, Ronald Effros, Rita B. Dock, Jeffrey Dollard, Sheila G. Deeks, Steven G. Martin, Jeffrey N. Maurer, Toby A. TI Immunosenescence is associated with presence of Kaposi's sarcoma in antiretroviral treated HIV infection SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE aging; CCR5; CD28; CD57; immunosenescence; Kaposi's sarcoma; senescence ID TELOMERASE ACTIVITY; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; UNITED-STATES; CELLS; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; SENESCENCE; TRANSMISSION; INDIVIDUALS; BINDING; CANCER AB Objective:Some antiretroviral treated HIV-infected patients develop Kaposi's sarcoma despite long-term suppression of HIV replication. These Kaposi's sarcoma lesions are consistent with Kaposi's sarcoma observed in the elderly uninfected population ('classical Kaposi's sarcoma'). We investigated potential mechanisms for this phenomenon, focusing on measures of immune activation and T-cell senescence.Design:We compared markers of immunosenescence, naive T cells, activation, and inflammation in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from antiretroviral-treated participants with new-onset Kaposi's sarcoma (cases, n=19) and from treated individuals without Kaposi's sarcoma (controls, n=47).Results:There was increased frequency of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells with an immunosenescence phenotype (CD57(+) and CD28(-)) in cases vs. controls (CD4(+)T cells: CD57(+) 7.4 vs. 3.7%, P=0.025; CD28(-) 9.1 vs. 4.8%, P=0.025; CD8(+) T cells: CD57(+) 41.5 vs. 27.7%, P=0.003; CD28(-) 60.5 vs. 51.3%, P=0.041). Cases had lower proportions of naive T cells (CD27(+)CD28(+)CD45RA(+)) in CD4(+) (23.0 vs. 32.2%, P=0.023) and CD8(+) (11.3 vs. 20.7%, P<0.001) T-cell compartments. CCR5 was more highly expressed in CD4(+) (16.3 vs. 11.0%, P=0.025), and CD8(+) (43.1 vs. 28.3%, P<0.001) T-cell compartments in cases vs. controls. There was no difference in telomere length or telomerase activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, or in T-cell expression of activation markers (HLADR(+)CD38(+)).Conclusion:Among antiretroviral-treated patients, increased frequencies of T cells with an immunosenescence phenotype and lower frequencies of naive T cells were associated with presence of Kaposi's sarcoma among effectively treated patients. These data suggest that certain immunologic perturbations -including those associated with aging - might be causally associated with development of Kaposi's sarcoma. C1 [Unemori, Patrick; Leslie, Kieron S.; Maurer, Toby A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hunt, Peter W.; Deeks, Steven G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sinclair, Elizabeth; Epling, Lorrie] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Res, Core Immunol Lab, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Mitsuyasu, Ronald; Effros, Rita B.; Dock, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Dollard, Sheila G.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, Jeffrey N.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Unemori, P (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Ward 92,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM Patrick_unemori@yahoo.com FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [UL1RR024131]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap for Medical Research; UCSF-GIVI Center for AIDS Research [P30AI027763]; Penn Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program [P30 AI 045008]; UCLA Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program [AI 28697]; NIAID [RO1 AI087145, K24AI069994]; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies [P30 MH62246]; CFAR Network of Integrated Systems [R24 AI067039] FX Funding is provided by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR, Grant Number UL1RR024131), a component of National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap for Medical Research, the UCSF-GIVI Center for AIDS Research (P30AI027763), the Penn Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program (P30 AI 045008), and UCLA Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program (AI 28697).; The SCOPE cohort was also supported by the NIAID (RO1 AI087145, K24AI069994), the Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (P30 MH62246), and the CFAR Network of Integrated Systems (R24 AI067039). NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1735 EP 1742 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283601144 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 250HL UT WOS:000326841200006 PM 23435301 ER PT J AU King, BA Dube, SR Babb, SD AF King, Brian A. Dube, Shanta R. Babb, Stephen D. TI Perceptions about the harm of secondhand smoke exposure among US middle and high school students: findings from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey SO TOBACCO INDUCED DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Tobacco; Tobacco smoke pollution; Adolescent; Perception; Risk; Students ID UNITED-STATES; ATTITUDES; LAWS AB Background: Increased knowledge of the harmful effects of SHS is an evidence-based key indicator for eliminating nonsmokers' exposure to SHS. This study assessed the prevalence and predictors of perceptions about the harm of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among U.S. middle and high school students. Findings: Data were obtained from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative school-based survey of U. S. students in grades 6-12. Respondents who reported that they thought breathing smoke from other people's cigarettes or other tobacco products causes "some" or "a lot" of harm were considered to have the perception that SHS is harmful. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of the perception that SHS is harmful. Predictors included sex, race/ethnicity, school grade level, current tobacco use, and whether the respondent currently lived with a tobacco user. Overall, 75.4% of students perceived SHS exposure as harmful. The adjusted odds of perceiving SHS exposure as harmful were higher among non-Hispanic Asians than among non-Hispanic whites, and among students in 10th-12th grades than among students in 8th grade. Adjusted odds were lower among boys than among girls, among non-Hispanic blacks than among non-Hispanic whites, among students living with a tobacco user than among those not, and among those who use combustible tobacco only or both combustible and non-combustible tobacco than among those who use no tobacco. Conclusions: Most middle and high school students perceive SHS exposure as harmful, but efforts are needed to increase the prevalence of this perception in certain subpopulations, particularly tobacco users. C1 [King, Brian A.; Dube, Shanta R.; Babb, Stephen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1617-9625 J9 TOB INDUC DIS JI Tob. Induc. Dis. PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 11 AR 16 DI 10.1186/1617-9625-11-16 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 254YM UT WOS:000327206000001 PM 23867000 ER PT J AU Kuklenyik, P Baker, SE Bishop, AM Morales, P Calafat, AM AF Kuklenyik, Peter Baker, Samuel E. Bishop, Amanda M. Morales-A, Pilar Calafat, Antonia M. TI On-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution-tandem mass spectrometry approach to quantify N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and oxidative metabolites in urine SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE DEET; N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide; HPLC; Mass spectrometry; On-line SPE; Column switching ID INSECT REPELLENT DEET; HPLC-MS/MS METHOD; RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE; ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOLS; DERMAL APPLICATION; HUMAN PLASMA; PERMETHRIN; QUANTIFICATION; ABSORPTION AB Human exposure to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) occurs because of the widespread use of DEET as an active ingredient in insect repellents. However, information on the extent of such exposure is rather limited. Therefore, we developed a fast on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method to measure in urine the concentrations of DEET and two of its oxidative metabolites: N, N-diethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide and 3-(diethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (DCBA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of DEET and its select metabolites in human urine. After enzymatic hydrolysis of the conjugated species in 0.1 mL of urine, the target analytes were retained and pre-concentrated on a monolithic column, separated from each other and from other urinary biomolecules on a reversed-phase analytical column, and detected by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in positive ion mode. The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 ng mL(-1) to 1.0 ng mL(-1), depending on the analyte. Accuracy ranged between 90.4 and 104.9%, and precision ranged between 5.5 and 13.1% RSD, depending on the analyte and the concentration. We tested the usefulness of this method by analyzing 75 urine samples collected anonymously in the Southeastern United States in June 2012 from adults with no known exposure to DEET. Thirty eight samples (51%) tested positive for at least one of the analytes. We detected DCBA most frequently and at the highest concentrations. Our results suggest that this method can be used for the analysis of a large number of samples for epidemiological studies to assess human exposure to DEET. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kuklenyik, Peter; Baker, Samuel E.; Bishop, Amanda M.; Morales-A, Pilar; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aic7@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 787 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.055 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 179CZ UT WOS:000321497400034 PM 23830449 ER PT J AU Ostroff, SM AF Ostroff, Stephen M. TI West Nile Virus Too Important to Forget SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEW-YORK-CITY C1 [Ostroff, Stephen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ostroff, Stephen M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. RP Ostroff, SM (reprint author), 310 Autumn Chase, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. EM sostroff@verizon.net NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 310 IS 3 BP 267 EP 268 DI 10.1001/jama.2013.8041 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 183RU UT WOS:000321835700012 PM 23860984 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Brault, AC Nasci, RS AF Petersen, Lyle R. Brault, Aaron C. Nasci, Roger S. TI West Nile Virus: Review of the Literature SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; NEW-YORK; ARBOVIRUS TRANSMISSION; FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES; FLACCID PARALYSIS; INFECTION; DISEASE; FEVER AB IMPORTANCE Since its introduction in North America in 1999, West Nile virus has produced the 3 largest arboviral neuroinvasive disease outbreaks ever recorded in the United States. OBJECTIVE To review the ecology, virology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, prevention, and control of West Nile virus, with an emphasis on North America. EVIDENCE REVIEW PubMed electronic database was searched through February 5, 2013. United States national surveillance data were gathered from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FINDINGS West Nile virus is now endemic throughout the contiguous United States, with 16 196 human neuroinvasive disease cases and 1549 deaths reported since 1999. More than 780 000 illnesses have likely occurred. To date, incidence is highest in the Midwest from mid-July to early September. West Nile fever develops in approximately 25% of those infected, varies greatly in clinical severity, and symptoms may be prolonged. Neuroinvasive disease (meningitis, encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis) develops in less than 1% but carries a fatality rate of approximately 10%. Encephalitis has a highly variable clinical course but often is associated with considerable long-term morbidity. Approximately two-thirds of those with paralysis remain with significant weakness in affected limbs. Diagnosis usually rests on detection of IgM antibody in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment is supportive; no licensed human vaccine exists. Prevention uses an integrated pest management approach, which focuses on surveillance, elimination of mosquito breeding sites, and larval and adult mosquito management using pesticides to keep mosquito populations low. During outbreaks or impending outbreaks, emphasis shifts to aggressive adult mosquito control to reduce the abundance of infected, biting mosquitoes. Pesticide exposure and adverse human health events following adult mosquito control operations for West Nile virus appear negligible. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In North America, West Nile virus has and will remain a formidable clinical and public health problem for years to come. C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.; Brault, Aaron C.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, US Publ Hlth Serv,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 77 TC 112 Z9 113 U1 6 U2 99 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 17 PY 2013 VL 310 IS 3 BP 308 EP 315 DI 10.1001/jama.2013.8042 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 183RU UT WOS:000321835700018 PM 23860989 ER PT J AU Ault, TR Deser, C Newman, M Emile-Geay, J AF Ault, T. R. Deser, C. Newman, M. Emile-Geay, J. TI Characterizing decadal to centennial variability in the equatorial Pacific during the last millennium SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ENSO; decadal variability; tropical Pacific; linear inverse model; paleoclimate; last millennium ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; PAST MILLENNIUM; EL-NINO; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; SST VARIABILITY; NORTH PACIFIC; PART I; MODEL; ENSO AB The magnitude of sea surface temperature variability in the NINO3.4 region of the equatorial Pacific on decadal and longer timescales is assessed in observational data, state-of-the-art (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5) climate model simulations, and a new ensemble of paleoclimate reconstructions. On decadal to multidecadal timescales, variability in these records is consistent with the null hypothesis that it arises from "multivariate red noise" (a multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process) generated from a linear inverse model of tropical ocean-atmosphere dynamics. On centennial and longer timescales, both a last millennium simulation performed using the Community Climate System Model 4 (CCSM4) and the paleoclimate reconstructions have variability that is significantly stronger than the null hypothesis. However, the time series of the model and the reconstruction do not agree with each other. In the model, variability primarily reflects a thermodynamic response to reconstructed solar and volcanic activity, whereas in the reconstruction, variability arises from either internal climate processes, forced responses that differ from those in CCSM4, or nonclimatic proxy processes that are not yet understood. These findings imply that the response of the tropical Pacific to future forcings may be even more uncertain than portrayed by state-of-the-art models because there are potentially important sources of century-scale variability that these models do not simulate. C1 [Ault, T. R.; Deser, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Newman, M.] NOAA, ESRL, PSD, Boulder, CO USA. [Newman, M.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, CDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Emile-Geay, J.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Ault, TR (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM ault@ucar.edu RI Emile-Geay, Julien/B-1102-2010; Newman, Matthew /F-8336-2010 OI Emile-Geay, Julien/0000-0001-5920-4751; Newman, Matthew /0000-0001-5348-2312 FU NCAR/ASP Fellowship; NOAA CVP; National Science Foundation FX We thank Julia E. Cole and Bette Otto-Bliesner for insights and comments. Work was partly supported by an NCAR/ASP Fellowship (to T. Ault) and NOAA CVP (M. Newman). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 40 IS 13 BP 3450 EP 3456 DI 10.1002/grl.50647 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 244NQ UT WOS:000326396600040 ER PT J AU Desai, M Phillips-Howard, PA Odhiambo, FO Katana, A Ouma, P Hamel, MJ Omoto, J Macharia, S van Eijk, A Ogwang, S Slutsker, L Laserson, KF AF Desai, Meghna Phillips-Howard, Penelope A. Odhiambo, Frank O. Katana, Abraham Ouma, Peter Hamel, Mary J. Omoto, Jackton Macharia, Sheila van Eijk, Annemieke Ogwang, Sheila Slutsker, Laurence Laserson, Kayla F. TI An Analysis of Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the KEMRI/CDC Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Western Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; TREATED BED NETS; MATERNAL MORTALITY; VERBAL AUTOPSY; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; INDUCED-ABORTION; ADULT DEATHS; MALARIA; CARE; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: Pregnancy-related (PR) deaths are often a result of direct obstetric complications occurring at childbirth. Methods and Findings: To estimate the burden of and characterize risk factors for PR mortality, we evaluated deaths that occurred between 2003 and 2008 among women of childbearing age (15 to 49 years) using Health and Demographic Surveillance System data in rural western Kenya. WHO ICD definition of PR mortality was used: "the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the cause of death''. In addition, symptoms and events at the time of death were examined using the WHO verbal autopsy methodology. Deaths were categorized as either (i) directly PR: main cause of death was ascribed as obstetric, or (ii) indirectly PR: main cause of death was non-obstetric. Of 3,223 deaths in women 15 to 49 years, 249 (7.7%) were PR. One-third (34%) of these were due to direct obstetric causes, predominantly postpartum hemorrhage, abortion complications and puerperal sepsis. Two-thirds were indirect; three-quarters were attributable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS), malaria and tuberculosis. Significantly more women who died in lower socio-economic groups sought care from traditional birth attendants (p = 0.034), while less impoverished women were more likely to seek hospital care (p = 0.001). The PR mortality ratio over the six years was 740 (95% CI 651-838) per 100,000 live births, with no evidence of reduction over time (chi(2) linear trend = 1.07; p = 0.3). Conclusions: These data supplement current scanty information on the relationship between infectious diseases and poor maternal outcomes in Africa. They indicate low uptake of maternal health interventions in women dying during pregnancy and postpartum, suggesting improved access to and increased uptake of skilled obstetric care, as well as preventive measures against HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis among all women of childbearing age may help to reduce pregnancy-related mortality. C1 [Desai, Meghna; Katana, Abraham; Ouma, Peter] KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Malaria Branch, Kisumu, Kenya. [Desai, Meghna; Hamel, Mary J.; Slutsker, Laurence; Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.; van Eijk, Annemieke] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Odhiambo, Frank O.; Ogwang, Sheila; Laserson, Kayla F.] KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Hlth & Demog Surveillance Syst Branch, Kisumu, Kenya. [Omoto, Jackton] Minist Hlth, Siaya Dist Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Siaya, Kenya. [Macharia, Sheila] US Agcy Int Dev, Off Populat & Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Desai, M (reprint author), KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Malaria Branch, Kisumu, Kenya. EM mdesai@ke.cdc.gov OI Phillips-Howard, Penelope A/0000-0003-1018-116X FU US Presidents Malaria Initiative (PMI); The President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); The Gates Foundation; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP); UK Department for International Development; US Agency for International Development, US government collaboration on the Global Health Initiative FX HDSS and field staff funding support is acknowledged through individual grants, mainly through The US Presidents Malaria Initiative (PMI), The President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), The Gates Foundation, The European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP), and the UK Department for International Development, and through base support from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Partial funding for this analysis came from the US Agency for International Development as part of the US government collaboration on the Global Health Initiative. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 16 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68733 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068733 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 186SF UT WOS:000322064300066 PM 23874741 ER PT J AU Wills, AB Smith, SC Anshebo, GY Graves, PM Endeshaw, T Shargie, EB Damte, M Gebre, T Mosher, AW Patterson, AE Tesema, YB Richards, FO Emerson, PM AF Wills, Aprielle B. Smith, Stephen C. Anshebo, Gedeon Y. Graves, Patricia M. Endeshaw, Tekola Shargie, Estifanos B. Damte, Mesele Gebre, Teshome Mosher, Aryc W. Patterson, Amy E. Tesema, Yohannes B. Richards, Frank O., Jr. Emerson, Paul M. TI Physical durability of PermaNet 2.0 long-lasting insecticidal nets over three to 32 months of use in Ethiopia SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TREATED NETS; EXPERIMENTAL HUT; MOSQUITO NET; TANZANIA; BEDNETS; UGANDA AB Background: Ethiopia scaled up net distribution markedly starting in 2006. Information on expected net life under field conditions (physical durability and persistence of insecticidal activity) is needed to improve planning for net replacement. Standardization of physical durability assessment methods is lacking. Methods: Permanet (R) 2.0 long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs), available for distribution in early 2007, were collected from households at three time intervals. The number, size and location of holes were recorded for 189 nets used for three to six months from nine sites (2007) and 220 nets used for 14 to 20 months from 11 sites (2008). In 2009, a "finger/fist" sizing method classified holes in 200 nets used for 26 to 32 months from ten sites into small (<2 cm), medium (> = 2 to < = 10 cm) and large (>10 cm) sizes. A proportionate hole index based on both hole number and area was derived from these size classifications. Results: After three to six months, 54.5% (95% CI 47.1-61.7%) of 189 LLINs had at least one hole 0.5 cm (in the longest axis) or larger; mean holes per net was 4.4 (SD 8.4), median was 1.0 (Inter Quartile Range [IQR] 0-5) and median size was 1 cm (IQR 1-2). At 14 to 20 months, 85.5% (95% CI 80.1-89.8%) of 220 nets had at least one hole with mean 29.1 (SD 50.1) and median 12 (IQR 3-36.5) holes per net, and median size of 1 cm (IQR 1-2). At 26 to 32 months, 92.5% of 200 nets had at least one hole with a mean of 62.2 (SD 205.4) and median of 23 (IQR 6-55.5) holes per net. The mean hole index was 24.3, 169.1 and 352.8 at the three time periods respectively. Repairs were rarely observed. The majority of holes were in the lower half of the net walls. The proportion of nets in 'poor' condition (hole index >300) increased from 0% at three to six months to 30% at 26 to 32 months. Conclusions: Net damage began quickly: more than half the nets had holes by three to six months of use, with 40% of holes being larger than 2 cm. Holes continued to accumulate until 92.5% of nets had holes by 26 to 32 months of use. An almost complete lack of repairs shows the need for promoting proper use of nets and repairs, to increase LLIN longevity. Using the hole index, almost one third of the nets were classed as unusable and ineffective after two and a half years of potential use. C1 [Wills, Aprielle B.; Graves, Patricia M.; Mosher, Aryc W.; Patterson, Amy E.; Richards, Frank O., Jr.; Emerson, Paul M.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Smith, Stephen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anshebo, Gedeon Y.; Endeshaw, Tekola; Shargie, Estifanos B.; Damte, Mesele; Gebre, Teshome] Carter Ctr, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Tesema, Yohannes B.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Graves, Patricia M.] James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med & Rehabil Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia. RP Graves, PM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM pgraves.work@gmail.com RI Graves, Patricia/J-8691-2014 OI Graves, Patricia/0000-0002-5215-3901 FU Carter Center FX Funding for these studies was provided by The Carter Center. We are grateful to Mulat Zerihun, Ambae Areru and Tesfaye Getachew for assistance with net collections in the field. Hole assessment at CDC was assisted by Uday Joshi. Thanks to John Gimnig for discussions on net hole assessment. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 242 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-242 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 194UY UT WOS:000322659400001 PM 23855778 ER PT J AU Njau, JD Stephenson, R Menon, M Kachur, SP McFarland, DA AF Njau, Joseph D. Stephenson, Rob Menon, Manoj Kachur, S. Patrick McFarland, Deborah A. TI Exploring the impact of targeted distribution of free bed nets on households bed net ownership, socio-economic disparities and childhood malaria infection rates: analysis of national malaria survey data from three sub-Saharan Africa countries SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEYS; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; RURAL TANZANIA; WESTERN KENYA; PROBIT MODELS; HEALTH; COVERAGE; EQUITY AB Background: The last decade has witnessed increased funding for malaria control. Malaria experts have used the opportunity to advocate for rollout of such interventions as free bed nets. A free bed net distribution strategy is seen as the quickest way to improve coverage of effective malaria control tools especially among poorest communities. Evidence to support this claim is however, sparse. This study explored the effectiveness of targeted free bed net distribution strategy in achieving equity in terms of ownership and use of bed nets and also reduction of malaria prevalence among children under-five years of age. Methods: National malaria indicator survey (MIS) data from Angola, Tanzania and Uganda was used in the analysis. Hierarchical multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyse the relationship between variables of interest. Outcome variables were defined as: childhood test-confirmed malaria infections, household ownership of any mosquito net and children's use of any mosquito nets. Marginal effects of having free bed net distribution on households with different wealth status were calculated. Results: Angolan children from wealthier households were 6.4 percentage points less likely to be parasitaemic than those in poorest households, whereas those from Tanzania and Uganda were less likely to test malaria positive by 7 and 11.6 percentage points respectively (p < 0.001). The study estimates and present results on the marginal effects based on the impact of free bed net distribution on children's malaria status given their socio-economic background. Poorest households were less likely to own a net by 21.4% in Tanzania, and 2.8% in Uganda, whereas both poorer and wealthier Angolan households almost achieved parity in bed net ownership (p < 0.001). Wealthier households had a higher margin of using nets than poorest people in both Tanzania and Uganda by 11.4% and 3.9% respectively. However, the poorest household in Angola had a 6.1% net use advantage over children in wealthier households (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This is the first study to use nationally representative data to explore inequalities in bed net ownership and related consequences on childhood malaria infection rates across different countries. While targeted distribution of free bed nets improved overall bed net ownership, it did not overcome ownership inequalities as measured by household socioeconomic status. Use of bed nets was disproportionately lower among poorest children, except for Angola where bed net use was higher among poorest households when compared to children in wealthier households. The study highlights the need for malaria control world governing bodies and policy makers to continue working on finding appropriate strategies to improve access to effective malaria control tools especially by the poorest who often times bears the brunt of malaria burden than their wealthier counterparts. C1 [Njau, Joseph D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stephenson, Rob; McFarland, Deborah A.] Emory Univ, RSPH, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Menon, Manoj] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Med Oncol, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Njau, Joseph D.; Kachur, S. Patrick] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Njau, JD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 1518 Clifton Rd 16NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jdnjau@emory.edu FU Emory University through the Rollins School of Public Health (RSPH); Emory's Laney Graduate School; USA's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Division of Parasitic Disease and Malaria Branch FX This work was part of JDN's doctoral thesis. JDN is particularly grateful to Emory University through the Rollins School of Public Health (RSPH) for the prestigious Foege Fellowship which fully supported the first two years (2008-2010) of his doctoral studies at Emory. JDN is also grateful to Emory's Laney Graduate School and the USA's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Division of Parasitic Disease and Malaria Branch, which jointly continued to provide partial scholarship for the remainder of his studies. Furthermore, JDN would like to thank Drs David Howard and Walter Burnett the respective former and current Directors for Graduate Studies (DGS) at the Department of Health Policy and Management for their invaluable support and encouragement to complete this work. Finally, we would like to thank the PMI country teams in Angola, Tanzania and Uganda for providing us with details of malaria control programmes in their respective countries. We take full responsibility for any inadvertent errors found in this work and none of the institutions or individuals mentioned in this article should be held accountable. NR 95 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 245 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-245 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 188NZ UT WOS:000322201000001 PM 23855893 ER PT J AU Baxter, R Bakshi, N Fireman, B Lewis, E Ray, P Vellozzi, C Klein, NP AF Baxter, Roger Bakshi, Nandini Fireman, Bruce Lewis, Edwin Ray, Paula Vellozzi, Claudia Klein, Nicola P. TI Lack of Association of Guillain-Barre Syndrome With Vaccinations SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Guillaine-Barre syndrome; vaccine; immunizations; influenza; safety ID INFLUENZA-A H1N1; SAFETY DATALINK PROJECT; VACCINE SAFETY; UNITED-KINGDOM; IMMUNIZATION; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Background. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute polyradiculoneuropathy, thought to be an autoimmune process. Although cases of GBS have been reported following a wide range of vaccines, a clear association has only been established with the 1976 H1N1 inactivated influenza vaccine. Methods. We identified hospitalized GBS cases from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) from 1995 through 2006. The medical record of each suspected case was neurologist-reviewed according to the Brighton Collaboration GBS case definition; only confirmed cases were included in the analyses, and cases of Miller Fisher syndrome were excluded. Using a case-centered design, we compared the odds of vaccination in the 6 and 10 weeks prior to onset of GBS to the odds of vaccination during the same time intervals in all vaccinated individuals in the entire KPNC population. Results. We confirmed 415 incident cases of GBS (including Brighton levels 1, 2, and 3) during the study period (>30 million person-years). Incidence peaked during the winter months. The odds ratio of influenza vaccination within a 6-week interval prior to GBS, compared with the prior 9 months, was 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], .4-3.1). The risk in the 6-week interval compared to the prior 12 months for tetanus diphtheria combination, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide, and for all vaccines combined was 1.4 (95% CI, .3-4.5), 0.7 (95% CI, .1-2.9), and 1.3 (95% CI, .8-2.3), respectively. Conclusions. In this large retrospective study, we did not find evidence of an increased risk of GBS following vaccinations of any kind, including influenza vaccination. C1 [Baxter, Roger; Fireman, Bruce; Lewis, Edwin; Ray, Paula; Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Bakshi, Nandini] Permanente Med Grp Inc, Oakland, CA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baxter, R (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16B, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM roger.baxter@kp.org FU America's Health Insurance Plans under CDC, as a part of the Vaccine Safety Datalink [200-2002-00732] FX This work was supported by a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the CDC, as a part of the Vaccine Safety Datalink. NR 41 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 2 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1093/cid/cit222 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173AY UT WOS:000321051600006 PM 23580737 ER PT J AU Holmberg, SD Lu, M Rupp, LB Lamerato, LE Moorman, AC Vijayadeva, V Boscarino, JA Henkle, EM Gordon, SC AF Holmberg, Scott D. Lu, Mei Rupp, Loralee B. Lamerato, Lois E. Moorman, Anne C. Vijayadeva, Vinutha Boscarino, Joseph A. Henkle, Emily M. Gordon, Stuart C. CA Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study TI Noninvasive Serum Fibrosis Markers for Screening and Staging Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients in a Large US Cohort SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis C virus; chronic hepatitis; clinical staging ID PLATELET RATIO INDEX; LIVER FIBROSIS; TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY; NATURAL-HISTORY; HCV INFECTION; BIOPSY; PROGRESSION; ACCURACY; CARE; PREVALENCE AB Background. Liver biopsy remains critical for staging liver disease in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons, but is a bottleneck to evaluation, follow-up, and treatment of HCV. Our analysis sought to validate APRI (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]-to-platelet ratio index) and FIB-4, an index from serum fibrosis markers (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], AST, and platelets plus patient age) to stage liver disease. Methods. Biopsy results from HCV patients in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study were mapped to an F0-F4 equivalent scale; APRI and FIB-4 scores at the time of biopsy were then mapped to the same scale. Results. We identified 2372 liver biopsies from HCV-infected patients with contemporaneous laboratory values for imputing APRI and FIB-4. Fibrosis stage distributions by the equivalent biopsy scale were 267 (11%) F0; 555 (23%) F1; 648 (27%) F2; 394 (17%) F3; and 508 (21%) F4. Mean APRI and FIB-4 values significantly increased with successive fibrosis levels (P < .05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis distinguishing severe (F3-F4) from mild-to-moderate fibrosis (F0-F2) were 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], .78-.82) for APRI and 0.83 (95% CI, .81-.85) for FIB-4. There was a significant difference between the AUROCs of FIB-4 and APRI (P < .001); 88% of persons who had a FIB-4 score >= 2.0 were at stage F2 or higher. Conclusions. In a large observational cohort, FIB-4 was good at differentiating 5 stages of chronic HCV infection. It can be useful in screening patients who need biopsy and therapy, for monitoring patients with less advanced disease, and for longitudinal studies. C1 [Holmberg, Scott D.; Moorman, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lu, Mei; Gordon, Stuart C.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Data Coordinating Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Rupp, Loralee B.; Lamerato, Lois E.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Detroit, MI USA. [Vijayadeva, Vinutha] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Honolulu, HI USA. [Boscarino, Joseph A.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Danville, PA USA. [Henkle, Emily M.] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res Northwest, Portland, OR USA. RP Holmberg, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdh1@cdc.gov FU CDC Foundation; Abbott Laboratories; Genentech; Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson Johnson; Vertex Pharmaceuticals FX CHeCS is funded by the CDC Foundation, which received unrestricted grants from Abbott Laboratories; Genentech, a member of the Roche Group; Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson; and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. NR 31 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 2 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1093/cid/cit245 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173AY UT WOS:000321051600013 PM 23592832 ER PT J AU Longenberger, AH Palumbo, AJ Chu, AK Moll, ME Weltman, A Ostroff, SM AF Longenberger, Allison H. Palumbo, Aimee J. Chu, Alvina K. Moll, Maria E. Weltman, Andre Ostroff, Stephen M. TI Campylobacter jejuni Infections Associated With Unpasteurized Milk-Multiple States, 2012 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Campylobacter jejuni; dairy products; disease outbreaks; foodborne diseases ID UNITED STATES AB In 2012, a multistate outbreak of Campylobacter infections associated with unpasteurized milk resulted in 148 illnesses. A dairy with a Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture unpasteurized milk permit and minimal deficiencies identified during inspection was the outbreak source, demonstrating the ongoing hazards of unpasteurized dairy products. C1 [Longenberger, Allison H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Longenberger, Allison H.; Palumbo, Aimee J.; Moll, Maria E.; Weltman, Andre; Ostroff, Stephen M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. [Chu, Alvina K.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Longenberger, AH (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Room 933 Hlth & Welf Bldg,625 Forster St, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. EM alongenber@pa.gov NR 9 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 2 BP 263 EP 266 DI 10.1093/cid/cit231 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173AY UT WOS:000321051600016 PM 23575199 ER PT J AU Biggerstaff, M Reed, C Epperson, S Jhung, MA Gambhir, M Bresee, JS Jernigan, DB Swerdlow, DL Finelli, L AF Biggerstaff, Matthew Reed, Carrie Epperson, Scott Jhung, Michael A. Gambhir, Manoj Bresee, Joseph S. Jernigan, Daniel B. Swerdlow, David L. Finelli, Lyn TI Estimates of the Number of Human Infections With Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus, United States, August 2011-April 2012 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; influenza A(H3N2) variant; prevalence ID A H3N2 VIRUS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; H1N1; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; ILLNESS; BURDEN AB Methods. To account for this underascertainment, we adapted a multiplier model created at the beginning of the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic to estimate the true burden of H3N2v illness. Data to inform each of these parameters came from the literature and from special projects conducted during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the 2010-2011 influenza season. The multipliers were calculated as the simple inverses of the proportions at each step, and we accounted for variability and uncertainty in model parameters by using a probabilistic or Monte Carlo approach. Results. We estimate that the median multiplier for children was 200 (90% range, 115-369) and for adults was 255 (90% range, 152-479) and that 2055 (90% range, 1187-3800) illnesses from H3N2v virus infections may have occurred from August 2011 to April 2012, suggesting that the new virus was more widespread than previously thought. Conclusions. Illness from this variant influenza virus was more frequent than previously thought. Continued surveillance is needed to ensure timely detection and response to H3N2v virus infections. C1 [Biggerstaff, Matthew; Reed, Carrie; Epperson, Scott; Jhung, Michael A.; Bresee, Joseph S.; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jernigan, Daniel B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Biggerstaff, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mbiggerstaff@cdc.gov FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2) v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave, July 2011-April 2012," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S12 EP S15 DI 10.1093/cid/cit273 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100003 PM 23794726 ER PT J AU Epperson, S Jhung, M Richards, S Quinlisk, P Ball, L Moll, M Boulton, R Haddy, L Biggerstaff, M Brammer, L Trock, S Burns, E Gomez, T Wong, KK Katz, J Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Bresee, JS Jernigan, DB Cox, N Finelli, L AF Epperson, Scott Jhung, Michael Richards, Shawn Quinlisk, Patricia Ball, Lauren Moll, Maria Boulton, Rachelle Haddy, Loretta Biggerstaff, Matthew Brammer, Lynnette Trock, Susan Burns, Erin Gomez, Thomas Wong, Karen K. Katz, Jackie Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander Bresee, Joseph S. Jernigan, Daniel B. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn CA Influenza A H3N2 V TI Human Infections With Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus in the United States, 2011-2012 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; surveillance; public health ID JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1976; A H3N2 VIRUS; SWINE-INFLUENZA; 2 CHILDREN; FORT-DIX; TRANSMISSION; H1N1; WISCONSIN; OUTBREAK; PIGS AB Methods. A case was defined as a person with laboratory-confirmed H3N2v virus infection. Cases and contacts were interviewed to determine exposure to swine and other animals and to assess potential person-to-person transmission. Results. Median age of cases was 4 years, and 12 of 13 (92%) were children. Pig exposure was identified in 7 (54%) cases. Six of 7 cases with swine exposure (86%) touched pigs, and 1 (14%) was close to pigs without known direct contact. Six cases had no swine exposure, including 2 clusters of suspected person-to-person transmission. All cases had fever; 12 (92%) had respiratory symptoms, and 3 (23%) were hospitalized for influenza. All 13 cases recovered. Conclusions. H3N2v virus infections were identified at a high rate from August 2011 to April 2012, and cases without swine exposure were identified in influenza-like illness outbreaks, indicating that limited person-to-person transmission likely occurred. Variant influenza viruses rarely result in sustained person-to-person transmission; however, the potential for this H3N2v virus to transmit efficiently is of concern. With minimal preexisting immunity in children and the limited cross-protective effect from seasonal influenza vaccine, the majority of children are susceptible to infection with this novel influenza virus. C1 [Epperson, Scott; Jhung, Michael; Biggerstaff, Matthew; Brammer, Lynnette; Trock, Susan; Burns, Erin; Katz, Jackie; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander; Bresee, Joseph S.; Jernigan, Daniel B.; Cox, Nancy; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Richards, Shawn] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Quinlisk, Patricia] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Ball, Lauren] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, GA USA. [Moll, Maria] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Boulton, Rachelle] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Haddy, Loretta] West Virginia Bur Publ Hlth, Charleston, WV USA. [Gomez, Thomas] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, Karen K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Epperson, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sepperson@cdc.gov FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2) v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave, July 2011-April 2012," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S4 EP S11 DI 10.1093/cid/cit272 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100002 PM 23794729 ER PT J AU Finelli, L Swerdlow, DL AF Finelli, Lyn Swerdlow, David L. TI The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2)v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; modeling; variant influenza; influenza A (H3N2)v; epidemiology ID UNITED-STATES; H3N2 VIRUS; SWINE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PIGS C1 [Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Swerdlow, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mailstop A-27,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dswerdlow@cdc.gov FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention FX This article was published as part of a supplement entitled "The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2) v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave, July 2011- April 2012," sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1093/cid/cit324 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100001 PM 23794725 ER PT J AU Gambhir, M Swerdlow, DL Finelli, L Van Kerkhove, MD Biggerstaff, M Cauchemez, S Ferguson, NM AF Gambhir, Manoj Swerdlow, David L. Finelli, Lyn Van Kerkhove, Maria D. Biggerstaff, Matthew Cauchemez, Simon Ferguson, Neil M. TI Multiple Contributory Factors to the Age Distribution of Disease Cases: A Modeling Study in the Context of Influenza A(H3N2v) SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE novel influenza; emerging infection; modeling; zoonosis ID CROSS-REACTIVE ANTIBODY; UNITED-STATES; A H1N1; VARIANT VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIC; CHILDREN; VACCINE; ADULTS AB Methods. We construct a mathematical transmission model of influenza transmission that allows for external zoonotic exposure to infection and show how exposure and susceptibility-related factors contribute to the observed case distribution. Results and Conclusions. Age-dependent susceptibility to infection strongly influences epidemic dynamics. The result is that the risk of an outbreak in a highly susceptible age group may be substantially higher than in an older age group with less susceptibility, but exposure-related factors must also be accounted for when interpreting case data. C1 [Gambhir, Manoj; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Modeling Unit, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj; Van Kerkhove, Maria D.; Cauchemez, Simon; Ferguson, Neil M.] Imperial Coll London, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London, England. [Finelli, Lyn; Biggerstaff, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gambhir, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A27,Bldg 24 Roybal Campus,1600 Clifton R, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vjr9@cdc.gov RI Ferguson, Neil/B-8578-2008 OI Ferguson, Neil/0000-0002-1154-8093 FU UK Medical Research Council; National Institutes of Health; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; European Union; US federal government FX This work was supported by funding from the UK Medical Research Council, the National Institutes of Health, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the European Union, and the US federal government. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S23 EP S27 DI 10.1093/cid/cit298 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100005 PM 23794728 ER PT J AU Wong, KK Gambhir, M Finelli, L Swerdlow, DL Ostroff, S Reed, C AF Wong, Karen K. Gambhir, Manoj Finelli, Lyn Swerdlow, David L. Ostroff, Stephen Reed, Carrie TI Transmissibility of Variant Influenza From Swine to Humans: A Modeling Approach SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza virus; swine; variant influenza; transmission ID A VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; VACCINE; PIGS AB Methods. We developed a model of H3N2v transmission among swine and humans and fit it to data from a cohort of 100 agricultural club members reporting swine contact to estimate transmissibility. A sensitivity analysis was performed varying H3N2v prevalence in the club cohort. Using the best-fit transmission probability, we simulated the number of swine-acquired infections among all fair attendees. Results. We estimated the best-fit probability of swine-to-human H3N2v transmission per minute of swine contact. Applying this probability to 14 910 people with swine contact at the fair, we estimate that there were 80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 40-133) H3N2v infections among persons aged < 20 years and 58 (95% CI, 29-96) H3N2v infections among person aged >= 20 years. Conclusions. Using early data from investigation of a new virus with unclear transmission properties, we estimated the transmissibility of H3N2v from swine to humans and the burden of H3N2v among fair attendees. Although the risk of H3N2v virus infection is small for fair attendees with minimal swine contact, large populations attend agricultural events each year, and human cases will likely occur when infected swine are present. C1 [Wong, Karen K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj] Imperial Coll London, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London, England. [Finelli, Lyn; Reed, Carrie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ostroff, Stephen] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. RP Wong, KK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vij4@cdc.gov FU CDC; Pennsylvania Department of Health FX This work was supported by the CDC and the Pennsylvania Department of Health. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 57 SU 1 BP S16 EP S22 DI 10.1093/cid/cit303 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 173BD UT WOS:000321052100004 PM 23794727 ER PT J AU Frencher, JT Ryan-Pasyeur, BK Huang, D Wang, RC McMullen, PD Letvin, NL Collins, WE Freitag, NE Malkovsky, M Chen, CY Shen, L Chen, ZW AF Frencher, James T. Ryan-Pasyeur, Bridgett K. Huang, Dan Wang, Ri Cheng McMullen, Phillip D. Letvin, Norman L. Collins, William E. Freitag, Nancy E. Malkovsky, Miroslav Chen, Crystal Y. Shen, Ling Chen, Zheng W. TI SHIV Antigen Immunization Alters Patterns of Immune Responses to SHIV/Malaria Coinfection and Protects against Life-Threatening SHIV-Related Malaria SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE co-infection; HIV; AIDS; immunology; malaria; T cell; vaccination ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; V-GAMMA-2V-DELTA-2 T-CELLS; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS BCG; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; HIV-1 INFECTION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PLASMODIUM-YOELII; VIRAL REPLICATION; PRFA-ASTERISK; VACCINE AB Whether vaccination against a virus can protect against more virulent coinfection with the virus and additional pathogen(s) remains poorly characterized. Overlapping endemicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria suggests that HIV/malaria coinfection frequently complicates acute and chronic HIV infection. Here we showed that vaccination of macaques with recombinant Listeria delta actA prfA* expressing simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) gag and env elicited Gag- and Env-specific T-cell responses, and protected against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria after SHIV/Plasmodium fragile coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization reduced peak viremia, resisted SHIV/malaria-induced lymphoid destruction, and blunted coinfection-accelerated decline of CD4(+) T-cell counts after SHIV/malaria coinfection. SHIV antigen immunization also weakened coinfection-driven overreactive proinflammatory interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) responses and led to developing T helper cell 17/22 (Th17/Th22) responses after SHIV/malaria coinfection. The findings suggest that vaccination against AIDS virus can alter patterns of immune responses to the SHIV/malaria coinfection and protect against life-threatening SHIV-related malaria. C1 [Frencher, James T.; Ryan-Pasyeur, Bridgett K.; Huang, Dan; Wang, Ri Cheng; McMullen, Phillip D.; Freitag, Nancy E.; Chen, Crystal Y.; Chen, Zheng W.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Frencher, James T.; Ryan-Pasyeur, Bridgett K.; Huang, Dan; Wang, Ri Cheng; Chen, Zheng W.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Ctr Primate Biomed Res, Chicago, IL USA. [Letvin, Norman L.; Shen, Ling] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Collins, William E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malkovsky, Miroslav] UW Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. RP Chen, ZW (reprint author), 835 S Wolcott Ave,MC790, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM zchen@uic.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 HL64560, U01AI070426, R01 RR13601] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH grants R01 HL64560, U01AI070426, R01 RR13601; all to Z. W. C.). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 208 IS 2 BP 260 EP 270 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit151 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 170NF UT WOS:000320858500014 PM 23568175 ER PT J AU Patel, M Glass, RI Jiang, BM Santosham, M Lopman, B Parashar, U AF Patel, Manish Glass, Roger I. Jiang, Baoming Santosham, Mathuram Lopman, Ben Parashar, Umesh TI A Systematic Review of Anti-Rotavirus Serum IgA Antibody Titer as a Potential Correlate of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE rotavirus; vaccines; diarrhea; efficacy; antibody; immunity; protection ID 1ST 2 YEARS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; DOUBLE-BLIND; AFRICAN INFANTS; RHESUS ROTAVIRUS; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; CHILDREN; RIX4414 AB Background. Identifying an immunological correlate of protection for rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix [RV1] and RotaTeq [RV5]) would substantially facilitate testing of interventions for improving efficacy in developing countries and evaluating additional candidate rotavirus vaccines. Methods. We accessed PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify immunogenicity and efficacy trials for RV1 and RV5 to correlate anti-rotavirus serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody titers vs efficacy in regions stratified by all-cause under-5 mortality rates (u5MR). We established a cutoff point for IgA geometric mean concentration or titer (GMC) that predicted lower efficacy and calculated pooled vaccine efficacy among countries with high vs low IgA titers. Findings. We observed an inverse correlation between u5MR and IgA titers for RV1 (r(2) = 0.72; P < .001 and RV5 (r(2) = 0.66; P < .001) and between efficacy and IgA titers for both vaccines (r(2) = 0.56; P = .005). Postimmunization anti-rotavirus IgA GMC < 90 were associated with decline in vaccine efficacy. Efficacy during first 2 years of life was significantly lower among countries with IgA GMC < 90 (44%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30-55) compared to countries with GMC > 90 (85%; 95% CI, 82-88). Interpretation. We observed a significant correlation between IgA titers and rotavirus vaccine efficacy and hypothesize that a critical level of IgA antibody titer is associated with a sufficient level of sustained protection after rotavirus vaccination. C1 [Patel, Manish; Jiang, Baoming; Lopman, Ben; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth Baltimore, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov FU Merck; GSK Pharmaceuticals FX M. S. served on scientific advisory boards and given lectures sponsored by Merck and GSK Pharmaceuticals. NR 50 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2013 VL 208 IS 2 BP 284 EP 294 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit166 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 170NF UT WOS:000320858500017 PM 23596320 ER PT J AU LaHaye, NL Harilal, SS Diwakar, PK Hassanein, A Kulkarni, P AF LaHaye, N. L. Harilal, S. S. Diwakar, P. K. Hassanein, A. Kulkarni, P. TI The effect of ultrafast laser wavelength on ablation properties and implications on sample introduction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ICP-MS MEASUREMENTS; COULOMB EXPLOSION; IONIZATION; FRACTIONATION; PULSES; GLASS; NM; MICROANALYSIS; GEOCHRONOLOGY; IRRADIATION AB We investigated the role of femtosecond (fs) laser wavelength on laser ablation (LA) and its relation to laser generated aerosol counts and particle distribution, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) signal intensity, detection limits, and elemental fractionation. Four different NIST standard reference materials (610, 613, 615, and 616) were ablated using 400 nm and 800 nm fs laser pulses to study the effect of wavelength on laser ablation rate, accuracy, precision, and fractionation. Our results show that the detection limits are lower for 400 nm laser excitation than 800 nm laser excitation at lower laser energies but approximately equal at higher energies. Ablation threshold was also found to be lower for 400 nm than 800 nm laser excitation. Particle size distributions are very similar for 400 nm and 800 nm wavelengths; however, they differ significantly in counts at similar laser fluence levels. This study concludes that 400 nm LA is more beneficial for sample introduction in ICP-MS, particularly when lower laser energies are to be used for ablation. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [LaHaye, N. L.; Harilal, S. S.; Diwakar, P. K.; Hassanein, A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, Ctr Mat Extreme Environm, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kulkarni, P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP LaHaye, NL (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, Ctr Mat Extreme Environm, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Diwakar, Prasoon/E-8689-2010; Harilal, Sivanandan/B-5438-2014; OI Harilal, Sivanandan/0000-0003-2266-7976; LaHaye, Nicole/0000-0001-5047-8078 FU U.S. Department of Energy, office of National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-NA0000463] FX This work was partially supported by U.S. Department of Energy, office of National Nuclear Security Administration under Award No. DE-NA0000463. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 14 PY 2013 VL 114 IS 2 AR 023103 DI 10.1063/1.4812491 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 182RM UT WOS:000321761600003 ER PT J AU Gerloff, NA Jones, J Simpson, N Balish, A ElBadry, MA Baghat, V Rusev, I de Mattos, CC de Mattos, CA Zonkle, LEA Kis, Z Davis, CT Yingst, S Cornelius, C Soliman, A Mohareb, E Klimov, A Donis, RO AF Gerloff, Nancy A. Jones, Joyce Simpson, Natosha Balish, Amanda ElBadry, Maha Adel Baghat, Verina Rusev, Ivan de Mattos, Cecilia C. de Mattos, Carlos A. Zonkle, Luay Elsayed Ahmed Kis, Zoltan Davis, C. Todd Yingst, Sam Cornelius, Claire Soliman, Atef Mohareb, Emad Klimov, Alexander Donis, Ruben O. TI A High Diversity of Eurasian Lineage Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza A Viruses Circulate among Wild Birds Sampled in Egypt SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTININ SUBTYPE; MOLECULAR-BASIS; AQUATIC BIRDS; H5N1; PROTEIN; EVOLUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; RESISTANCE; INFECTION AB Surveillance for influenza A viruses in wild birds has increased substantially as part of efforts to control the global movement of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. Studies conducted in Egypt from 2003 to 2007 to monitor birds for H5N1 identified multiple subtypes of low pathogenicity avian influenza A viruses isolated primarily from migratory waterfowl collected in the Nile Delta. Phylogenetic analysis of 28 viral genomes was performed to estimate their nearest ancestors and identify possible reassortants. Migratory flyway patterns were included in the analysis to assess gene flow between overlapping flyways. Overall, the viruses were most closely related to Eurasian, African and/or Central Asian lineage low pathogenicity viruses and belonged to 15 different subtypes. A subset of the internal genes seemed to originate from specific flyways (Black Sea-Mediterranean, East African-West Asian). The remaining genes were derived from a mixture of viruses broadly distributed across as many as 4 different flyways suggesting the importance of the Nile Delta for virus dispersal. Molecular clock date estimates suggested that the time to the nearest common ancestor of all viruses analyzed ranged from 5 to 10 years, indicating frequent genetic exchange with viruses sampled elsewhere. The intersection of multiple migratory bird flyways and the resulting diversity of influenza virus gene lineages in the Nile Delta create conditions favoring reassortment, as evident from the gene constellations identified by this study. In conclusion, we present for the first time a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of full genome sequences from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses circulating in Egypt, underscoring the significance of the region for viral reassortment and the potential emergence of novel avian influenza A viruses, as well as representing a highly diverse influenza A virus gene pool that merits continued monitoring. C1 [Gerloff, Nancy A.; Jones, Joyce; Simpson, Natosha; Balish, Amanda; Kis, Zoltan; Davis, C. Todd; Klimov, Alexander; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kis, Zoltan] Natl Ctr Epidemiol, Budapest, Hungary. [ElBadry, Maha Adel; Baghat, Verina; de Mattos, Cecilia C.; de Mattos, Carlos A.; Yingst, Sam; Cornelius, Claire; Soliman, Atef; Mohareb, Emad] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Viral & Zoonot Dis Res Program, Cairo, Egypt. [Rusev, Ivan] Antiplague Inst, Odessa, Ukraine. [Zonkle, Luay Elsayed Ahmed] Minist Environm, Cairo, Egypt. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. EM rvd6@cdc.gov RI Gerloff, Nancy/C-8955-2015 OI Gerloff, Nancy/0000-0001-5696-8318 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68522 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068522 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182CS UT WOS:000321718700033 PM 23874653 ER PT J AU David-Ferdon, C Dahlberg, LL Kegler, SR AF David-Ferdon, Corinne Dahlberg, Linda L. Kegler, Scott R. TI Homicide Rates Among Persons Aged 10-24 Years - United States, 1981-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [David-Ferdon, Corinne; Dahlberg, Linda L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kegler, Scott R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP David-Ferdon, C (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cferdon@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 27 BP 545 EP 548 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GU UT WOS:000322181500001 ER PT J AU Wright, DW Kellermann, A McGuire, LC Chen, B Popovic, T AF Wright, David W. Kellermann, Arthur McGuire, Lisa C. Chen, Bin Popovic, Tanja TI CDC Grand Rounds: Reducing Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HEAD-INJURY; GUIDELINES C1 [Wright, David W.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kellermann, Arthur] RAND Corp, RAND Hlth, Santa Monica, CA USA. [McGuire, Lisa C.] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lmcguire@cdc.gov RI Wright, David/F-1209-2013 OI Wright, David/0000-0002-7145-9105 NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 27 BP 549 EP 552 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GU UT WOS:000322181500002 ER PT J AU Grinnell, M Provo, G Marsden-Haug, N Stigi, KA DeBess, E Kissler, B Crarey, E Tate, H Pringle, J Grass, J Folster, J Williams, I Gieraltowski, L Laufer, AS AF Grinnell, Margaret Provo, Ginger Marsden-Haug, Nicola Stigi, Kathleen A. DeBess, Emilio Kissler, Bonnie Crarey, Emily Tate, Heather Pringle, Jeshua Grass, Julian Folster, Jason Williams, Ian Gieraltowski, Laura Laufer, Alison S. TI Outbreak of Salmonella Heidelberg Infections Linked to a Single Poultry Producer-13 States, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Kissler, Bonnie] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Washington, DC USA. [Laufer, Alison S.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Laufer, AS (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alaufer@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 12 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 27 BP 553 EP 556 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GU UT WOS:000322181500003 ER PT J AU Njau, JD Kabanywanyi, AM Goodman, CA MacArthur, JR Kapella, BK Gimnig, JE Kahigwa, E Bloland, PB Abdulla, SM Kachur, SP AF Njau, Joseph D. Kabanywanyi, Abdulnoor M. Goodman, Catherine A. MacArthur, John R. Kapella, Bryan K. Gimnig, John E. Kahigwa, Elizeus Bloland, Peter B. Abdulla, Salim M. Kachur, S. Patrick TI Adverse drug events resulting from use of drugs with sulphonamide-containing anti-malarials and artemisinin-based ingredients: findings on incidence and household costs from three districts with routine demographic surveillance systems in rural Tanzania SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Anti-malarial; Adverse drug reactions; Household costs; ACT; Sulphonamide; Tanzania ID SEVERE CUTANEOUS REACTIONS; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COMBINATION THERAPY; SOUTH-AFRICA; ANTIMALARIAL; PHARMACOVIGILANCE; IMPACT; NEUROTOXICITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Background: Anti-malarial regimens containing sulphonamide or artemisinin ingredients are widely used in malaria-endemic countries. However, evidence of the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) to these drugs is limited, especially in Africa, and there is a complete absence of information on the economic burden such ADR place on patients. This study aimed to document ADR incidence and associated household costs in three high malaria transmission districts in rural Tanzania covered by demographic surveillance systems. Methods: Active and passive surveillance methods were used to identify ADR from sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and artemisinin (AS) use. ADR were identified by trained clinicians at health facilities (passive surveillance) and through cross-sectional household surveys (active surveillance). Potential cases were followed up at home, where a complete history and physical examination was undertaken, and household cost data collected. Patients were classified as having 'possible' or 'probable' ADR by a physician. Results: A total of 95 suspected ADR were identified during a two-year period, of which 79 were traced, and 67 reported use of SP and/or AS prior to ADR onset. Thirty-four cases were classified as 'probable' and 33 as 'possible' ADRs. Most (53) cases were associated with SP monotherapy, 13 with the AS/SP combination (available in one of the two areas only), and one with AS monotherapy. Annual ADR incidence per 100,000 exposures was estimated based on 'probable' ADR only at 5.6 for AS/SP in combination, and 25.0 and 11.6 for SP monotherapy. Median ADR treatment costs per episode ranged from US$2.23 for those making a single provider visit to US$146.93 for patients with four visits. Seventy-three per cent of patients used out-of-pocket funds or sold part of their farm harvests to pay for treatment, and 19% borrowed money. Conclusion: Both passive and active surveillance methods proved feasible methods for anti-malarial ADR surveillance, with active surveillance being an important complement to facility-based surveillance, given the widespread practice of self-medication. Household costs associated with ADR treatment were high and potentially catastrophic. Efforts should be made to both improve pharmacovigilance across Africa and to identify strategies to reduce the economic burden endured by households suffering from ADR. C1 [Njau, Joseph D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Njau, Joseph D.; Kabanywanyi, Abdulnoor M.; Abdulla, Salim M.] IHI, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Goodman, Catherine A.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [MacArthur, John R.; Kapella, Bryan K.; Gimnig, John E.; Bloland, Peter B.; Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kahigwa, Elizeus] SDC, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Njau, JD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jdnjau@emory.edu FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; USAID; CDC; U.S. Agency for International Development; Wellcome Trust FX The authors are grateful to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and USAID for funding this study. CG is a member of the LSHTM Malaria Centre.; The Interdisciplinary Monitoring Project for Antimalarial Combination Therapy in Tanzania (IMPACT-Tz) is a collaborative implementation research platform resting on: Ifakara Health Institute, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare including its National Malaria Control Programme, the Tanzania Essential Health Interventions Project and the Council Health Management Teams of Kilombero, Rufiji, and Ulanga Districts. Financial support for IMPACT-Tz comes primarily from CDC, the U.S. Agency for International Development and the Wellcome Trust. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 236 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-236 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 182WJ UT WOS:000321775200001 PM 23844934 ER PT J AU Wing, R Bolin, P Brancati, FL Bray, GA Clark, JM Coday, M Crow, RS Curtis, JM Egan, CM Espeland, MA Evans, M Foreyt, JP Ghazarian, S Gregg, EW Harrison, B Hazuda, HP Hill, JO Horton, ES Hubbard, V Jakicic, JM Jeffery, RW Johnson, KC Kahn, SE Kitabchi, AE Knowler, WC Lewis, CE Maschak-Carey, BJ Montez, MG Murillo, A Nathan, DM Patricio, J Peters, A Pi-Sunyer, X Pownall, H Reboussin, D Regensteiner, JG Rickman, AD Ryan, DH Safford, M Wadden, TA Wagenknecht, LE West, DS Williamson, DF Yanovski, SZ AF Wing, Rena Bolin, Paula Brancati, Frederick L. Bray, George A. Clark, Jeanne M. Coday, Mace Crow, Richard S. Curtis, Jeffrey M. Egan, Caitlin M. Espeland, Mark A. Evans, Mary Foreyt, John P. Ghazarian, Siran Gregg, Edward W. Harrison, Barbara Hazuda, Helen P. Hill, James O. Horton, Edward S. Hubbard, Van S. Jakicic, John M. Jeffery, Robert W. Johnson, Karen C. Kahn, Steven E. Kitabchi, Abbas E. Knowler, William C. Lewis, Cora E. Maschak-Carey, Barbara J. Montez, Maria G. Murillo, Anne Nathan, David M. Patricio, Jennifer Peters, Anne Pi-Sunyer, Xavier Pownall, Henry Reboussin, David Regensteiner, Judith G. Rickman, Amy D. Ryan, Donna H. Safford, Monika Wadden, Thomas A. Wagenknecht, Lynne E. West, Delia S. Williamson, David F. Yanovski, Susan Z. CA Look AHEAD Res Grp TI Cardiovascular Effects of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOOK-AHEAD ACTION; WEIGHT-LOSS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; OBESE ADULTS; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; HEALTH; INDIVIDUALS; MELLITUS; PROGRAM AB Background Weight loss is recommended for overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes on the basis of short-term studies, but long-term effects on cardiovascular disease remain unknown. We examined whether an intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss would decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among such patients. Methods In 16 study centers in the United States, we randomly assigned 5145 overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes to participate in an intensive lifestyle intervention that promoted weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased physical activity (intervention group) or to receive diabetes support and education (control group). The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for angina during a maximum follow-up of 13.5 years. Results The trial was stopped early on the basis of a futility analysis when the median follow- up was 9.6 years. Weight loss was greater in the intervention group than in the control group throughout the study (8.6% vs. 0.7% at 1 year; 6.0% vs. 3.5% at study end). The intensive lifestyle intervention also produced greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin and greater initial improvements in fitness and all cardiovascular risk factors, except for low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The primary outcome occurred in 403 patients in the intervention group and in 418 in the control group (1.83 and 1.92 events per 100 person-years, respectively; hazard ratio in the intervention group, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.83 to 1.09; P = 0.51). Conclusions An intensive lifestyle intervention focusing on weight loss did not reduce the rate of cardiovascular events in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. C1 [Wing, Rena; Curtis, Jeffrey M.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Weight Control & Diabet Res Ctr, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Bolin, Paula; Evans, Mary; Harrison, Barbara; Hubbard, Van S.] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brancati, Frederick L.; Clark, Jeanne M.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bray, George A.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Coday, Mace; Johnson, Karen C.; Kitabchi, Abbas E.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Crow, Richard S.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Curtis, Jeffrey M.] NIDDK, NIH, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Egan, Caitlin M.] Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Espeland, Mark A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biostat Sci, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ghazarian, Siran; Peters, Anne] Roybal Comprehens Hlth Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hazuda, Helen P.; Montez, Maria G.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Hill, James O.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Aurora, CO USA. [Horton, Edward S.] Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Jakicic, John M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Hlth & Phys Act, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jeffery, Robert W.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Kahn, Steven E.; Murillo, Anne] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Knowler, William C.] NIDDK, NIH, Southwest Amer Indian Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Lewis, Cora E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Maschak-Carey, Barbara J.] Univ Penn, Weight & Eating Disorder Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Nathan, David M.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Patricio, Jennifer] St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Dept Med, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Pi-Sunyer, Xavier] St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Dept Med, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Pownall, Henry] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reboussin, David] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Regensteiner, Judith G.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Womens Hlth Res, Aurora, CO USA. [Rickman, Amy D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Hlth & Phys Act, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Ryan, Donna H.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Safford, Monika] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Wadden, Thomas A.] Univ Penn, Weight & Eating Disorder Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wagenknecht, Lynne E.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [West, Delia S.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Williamson, David F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yanovski, Susan Z.] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Wing, R (reprint author), Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Weight Control & Diabet Res Ctr, 196 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM rwing@lifespan.org OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); Department of Health and Human Services agencies; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, DK56992]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Nursing Research; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; NIH Office of Research on Women's Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Research Center [M01RR02719]; Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01066]; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center [M01RR00051]; Clinical Nutrition Research Unit [P30 DK48520]; University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center [M01RR0021140]; University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center [M01RR000056]; Clinical Translational Research Center; Clinical and Translational Science Award [UL1 RR 024153]; NIH [DK 046204]; VA Puget Sound Health Care System Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs; Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center [M01RR01346]; FedEx; Health Management Resources; Johnson Johnson; Nestle HealthCare Nutrition; Hoffmann-La Roche; Abbott Nutrition; Unilever North America FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other Department of Health and Human Services agencies through cooperative agreements with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) (DK57136, DK57149, DK56990, DK57177, DK57171, DK57151, DK57182, DK57131, DK57002, DK57078, DK57154, DK57178, DK57219, DK57008, DK57135, and DK56992). Additional funding was provided by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institute of Nursing Research; the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health; and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Indian Health Service (IHS) provided personnel, medical oversight, and use of facilities. Additional support was provided by the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Bayview General Clinical Research Center (M01RR02719); the Massachusetts General Hospital Mallinckrodt General Clinical Research Center and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01066); the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center General Clinical Research Center (M01RR00051) and Clinical Nutrition Research Unit (P30 DK48520); the University of Tennessee at Memphis General Clinical Research Center (M01RR0021140); the University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center(M01RR000056) and Clinical Translational Research Center (funded by a Clinical and Translational Science Award [UL1 RR 024153] and an NIH grant [DK 046204]); the VA Puget Sound Health Care System Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs; and the Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center (M01RR01346); and by FedEx, Health Management Resources, Johnson & Johnson, Nestle HealthCare Nutrition, Hoffmann-La Roche, Abbott Nutrition, and Unilever North America. NR 28 TC 578 Z9 589 U1 10 U2 102 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 369 IS 2 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1212914 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 180BH UT WOS:000321567300010 ER PT J AU Griffin, MR Zhu, YW Moore, MR Whitney, CG Grijalva, CG AF Griffin, Marie R. Zhu, Yuwei Moore, Matthew R. Whitney, Cynthia G. Grijalva, Carlos G. TI US Hospitalizations for Pneumonia after a Decade of Pneumococcal Vaccination SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; HIV-INFECTED ADULTS; CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; DISEASE; TRENDS; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND The introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the U. S. childhood immunization schedule in 2000 has substantially reduced the incidence of vaccine-serotype invasive pneumococcal disease in young children and in unvaccinated older children and adults. By 2004, hospitalizations associated with pneumonia from any cause had also declined markedly among young children. Because of concerns about increases in disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes, we wanted to determine whether the reduction in pneumonia-related hospitalizations among young children had been sustained through 2009 and whether such hospitalizations in older age groups had also declined. METHODS We estimated annual rates of hospitalization for pneumonia from any cause using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. The reason for hospitalization was classified as pneumonia if pneumonia was the first listed diagnosis or if it was listed after a first diagnosis of sepsis, meningitis, or empyema. Average annual rates of pneumonia-related hospitalizations from 1997 through 1999 (before the introduction of PCV7) and from 2007 through 2009 (well after its introduction) were used to estimate annual declines in hospitalizations due to pneumonia. RESULTS The annual rate of hospitalization for pneumonia among children younger than 2 years of age declined by 551.1 per 100,000 children (95% confidence interval [CI], 445.1 to 657.1), which translates to 47,000 fewer hospitalizations annually than expected on the basis of the rates before PCV7 was introduced. The rate for adults 85 years of age or older declined by 1300.8 per 100,000 (95% CI, 984.0 to 1617.6), which translates to 73,000 fewer hospitalizations annually. For the three age groups of 18 to 39 years, 65 to 74 years, and 75 to 84 years, the annual rate of hospitalization for pneumonia declined by 8.4 per 100,000 (95% CI, 0.6 to 16.2), 85.3 per 100,000 (95% CI, 7.0 to 163.6), and 359.8 per 100,000 (95% CI, 199.6 to 520.0), respectively. Overall, we estimated an age-adjusted annual reduction of 54.8 per 100,000 (95% CI, 41.0 to 68.5), or 168,000 fewer hospitalizations for pneumonia annually. CONCLUSIONS Declines in hospitalizations for childhood pneumonia were sustained during the decade after the introduction of PCV7. Substantial reductions in hospitalizations for pneumonia among adults were also observed. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) C1 [Griffin, Marie R.; Grijalva, Carlos G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Zhu, Yuwei] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.; Grijalva, Carlos G.] Vet Affairs Tennessee Valley Hlth Care Syst, Midsouth Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Moore, Matthew R.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Griffin, MR (reprint author), Village Vanderbilt, Dept Prevent Med, Suite 2600,1500 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM marie.griffin@vanderbilt.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [11-IPA1110211, 12-IPA1210402]; Thrasher Research Fund [02832-9]; Glaxo-SmithKline; Pfizer FX Supported in part by grants from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (11-IPA1110211, to Dr. Griffin, and 12-IPA1210402, to Dr. Grijalva) and the Thrasher Research Fund (02832-9, to Dr. Grijalva).; Dr. Grijalva reports receiving consulting fees from Glaxo-SmithKline and grant support through his institution from Pfizer; and Dr. Griffin, grant support through her institution from Pfizer. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. NR 37 TC 173 Z9 177 U1 1 U2 22 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 369 IS 2 BP 155 EP 163 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1209165 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 180BH UT WOS:000321567300011 PM 23841730 ER PT J AU Al Busaidy, S Al-Gohary, A Ampofo, WK Bekshin, Z Cerkaoui, I Claes, F Cox, NJ Cracknell, W Cui, L Paiva, TM de Wit, M Diep, LDT Donabedian, A Donis, R Dormitzer, PR Eichelberger, M El Kholy, N Engelhardt, O Engelmann, HB Eropkin, MY Fasce, R Fontaine, L Ghadakchi, HF Ghedin, E Giovanni, MY Golding, H da Silva, HC Gysin, R Hamilton, K Hauge, SH Hay, A Huang, S Hungnes, O Ibrahim, SSS Immamura, T Inglis, SC Kadjo, H Katz, J Kawaoka, Y Kelso, A Khan, MI Kilander, A Klimov, A Kreij, K Kusmiaty, D Linde, A Liu, MT Lupulescu, E Mai, LQ Martinez, VR McCauley, J Meyer, Q Modi, R Mohammadi, AA Mokhtari-Azad, T Mol, E Music, T Nelson, K Neuhaus, E Neumeier, ER Niang, MN Odagiri, T Peiris, M Pohlmann, A Popow-Kraupp, T Trilar, KP Rabadan, R Rambaut, A Robertson, JS Rolls, C Sampurno, OD Savy, V Sawanpanyaltert, P Schmid, G Schweiger, B Shapira, S Shinde, V Shu, Y Siqueira, M Smith, D Spiro, D Stevens, J Takizawa, K Tashiro, M Taylor, B Thomas, Y Tsai, T Van der Werf, S Venter, M Waddell, AL Wan, XF Wang, D Webby, R Weir, JP Wentworth, D Wickramasinghe, G Ye, ZP Zambon, M Ziegler, T AF Al Busaidy, Suleiman Al-Gohary, Amany Ampofo, William K. Bekshin, Zhandarbek Cerkaoui, Imad Claes, Filip Cox, Nancy J. Cracknell, William Cui, Lin de Paiva, Terezinha Maria de Wit, Marel Lan Do Thi Diep Donabedian, Armen Donis, Ruben Dormitzer, Philip R. Eichelberger, Maryna El Kholy, Nagwa Engelhardt, Othmar Engelmann, Hans B. Eropkin, Mikhail Yurievich Fasce, Rodrigo Fontaine, Laurent Ghadakchi, Hadi Famil Ghedin, Elodie Giovanni, Maria Y. Golding, Hana da Silva, Hugo Comes Gysin, Rene Hamilton, Keith Hauge, Siri Helene Hay, Alan Huang, Sue Hungnes, Olav Ibrahim, Sally Saber Said Immamura, Tomohiko Inglis, Stephen C. Kadjo, Herve Katz, Jacqueline Kawaoka, Yoshihiro Kelso, Anne Khan, Mohammed Ilyas Kilander, Anette Klimov, Alexander Kreij, Karl Kusmiaty, Dede Linde, Annika Liu, Ming-Tsan Lupulescu, Emilia Mai, Le Quynh Martinez, Virginia Ramirez McCauley, John Meyer, Quinton Modi, Rajiv Mohammadi, Ali A. Mokhtari-Azad, Talat Mol, Els Music, Tamara Nelson, Karen Neuhaus, Elizabeth Neumeier, Elisabeth R. Niang, Mbayame Ndiaye Odagiri, Takato Peiris, Malik Pohlmann, Anne Popow-Kraupp, Therese Trilar, Katharina Prosenc Rabadan, Raul Rambaut, Andrew Robertson, James S. Rolls, Chris Sampurno, Ondri Dwi Savy, Vilma Sawanpanyaltert, Pathom Schmid, George Schweiger, Brunhilde Shapira, Sagi Shinde, Vivek Shu, Yuelong Siqueira, Marilda Smith, Derek Spiro, David Stevens, James Takizawa, Kazuyuki Tashiro, Masato Taylor, Beverly Thomas, Yves Tsai, Theodore Van der Werf, Sylvie Venter, Marietjie Waddell, Anthony L. Wan, Xiufeng Wang, Dayan Webby, Richard Weir, Jerry P. Wentworth, David Wickramasinghe, Geethani Ye, Zhiping Zambon, Maria Ziegler, Thedi TI Strengthening the influenza vaccine virus selection and development process Outcome of the 2nd WHO Informal Consultation for Improving Influenza Vaccine Virus Selection held at the Centre International de Conferences (CICG) Geneva, Switzerland, 7 to 9 December 2011 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article ID MIXED INFECTION; NEURAMINIDASE; H1N1; TRANSMISSION; EVOLUTION; ANTIBODY; A(H3N2); FERRETS C1 [Al Busaidy, Suleiman] Natl Influenza Ctr, Muscat, Oman. [Al-Gohary, Amany] Natl Influenza Ctr, Cairo, Egypt. [Ampofo, William K.] Natl Influenza Ctr, Accra, Ghana. [Bekshin, Zhandarbek] Minist Hlth, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Cerkaoui, Imad] Natl Influenza Ctr, Rabat, Morocco. [Claes, Filip] OFFLU, Rome, Italy. [Cox, Nancy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cracknell, William] CSL Biotherapies, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Cui, Lin] Natl Influenza Ctr, Singapore, Singapore. [de Paiva, Terezinha Maria] Natl Influenza Ctr, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Wit, Marel] Abbott Biol, Weesp, Netherlands. [Lan Do Thi Diep] Natl Inst Control Vaccines & Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Donabedian, Armen] BARDA, Washington, DC USA. [Donis, Ruben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dormitzer, Philip R.] Novartis Vaccines & Diagnost, Cambridge, MA USA. [Eichelberger, Maryna] US FDA, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [El Kholy, Nagwa] Natl Influenza Ctr, Cairo, Egypt. [Engelmann, Hans B.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Dresden, Germany. [Eropkin, Mikhail Yurievich] Natl Influenza Ctr, St Petersburg, Russia. [Fasce, Rodrigo] Natl Influenza Ctr, Santiago, Chile. [Fontaine, Laurent] Sanofi Pasteur, Val De Reuil, France. [Ghadakchi, Hadi Famil] Razi Vaccine & Serum Res Inst, Karaj, Iran. [Ghedin, Elodie] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Giovanni, Maria Y.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Golding, Hana] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [da Silva, Hugo Comes] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Wavre, Belgium. [Gysin, Rene] Swissmedic, Bern, Switzerland. [Hamilton, Keith] OFFLU, Paris, France. [Hauge, Siri Helene] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Hay, Alan] Natl Inst Med Res, London NW7 1AA, England. [Huang, Sue] Natl Influenza Ctr, Upper Hutt, New Zealand. [Hungnes, Olav] Natl Influenza Ctr, Oslo, Norway. [Ibrahim, Sally Saber Said] CAPA, Cairo, Egypt. [Immamura, Tomohiko] Denka Seiken Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. [Kadjo, Herve] Natl Influenza Ctr, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Katz, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Kelso, Anne] VIDRL, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Khan, Mohammed Ilyas] Hamad Med Coorporat, Doha, Qatar. [Kilander, Anette] Natl Influenza Ctr, Oslo, Norway. [Klimov, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kreij, Karl] Crucell Switzerland AG, Bern, Switzerland. [Kusmiaty, Dede] NADFC, Jakarta, Pusat, Indonesia. [Linde, Annika] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Solna, Sweden. [Lupulescu, Emilia] Natl Influenza Ctr, Bucharest, Romania. [Mai, Le Quynh] Natl Influenza Ctr, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Martinez, Virginia Ramirez] Fed Commiss Protect Sanit Risks, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [McCauley, John] NIMR, London, England. [Meyer, Quinton] SA Natl Control Lab Biol Prod, Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Modi, Rajiv] Cadila Pharmaceut Ltd, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India. [Mohammadi, Ali A.] Global Hlth & Secur Consultants, Geneva, Switzerland. [Mokhtari-Azad, Talat] Natl Influenza Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Mol, Els] Abbott Biol, Weesp, Netherlands. [Music, Tamara] IFPMA, Geneva, Switzerland. [Nelson, Karen] Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Neuhaus, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Neumeier, Elisabeth R.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Dresden, Germany. [Niang, Mbayame Ndiaye] Natl Influenza Ctr, Dakar, Senegal. [Odagiri, Takato] NIID, Tokyo, Japan. [Peiris, Malik] Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Adm, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Pohlmann, Anne] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany. [Popow-Kraupp, Therese] Natl Influenza Ctr, Vienna, Austria. [Trilar, Katharina Prosenc] Natl Influenza Ctr, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Rabadan, Raul] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. [Rambaut, Andrew] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rolls, Chris] TGA, Symonston, Australia. [Sampurno, Ondri Dwi] Natl Influenza Ctr, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Savy, Vilma] Natl Influenza Ctr, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Sawanpanyaltert, Pathom] Natl Influenza Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Schmid, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Schweiger, Brunhilde] Natl Influenza Ctr, Berlin, Germany. [Shapira, Sagi] Joint Ctr Syst Biol, New York, NY USA. [Shapira, Sagi] Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New York, NY USA. [Shinde, Vivek] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Wavre, Belgium. [Shu, Yuelong] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Siqueira, Marilda] Natl Influenza Ctr, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Smith, Derek] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [Spiro, David] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Takizawa, Kazuyuki] Denka Seiken Co Ltd, Niigata, Japan. [Tashiro, Masato] NIID, Tokyo, Japan. [Taylor, Beverly] Novartis Pharma SA, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Thomas, Yves] Natl Influenza Ctr, Geneva, Switzerland. [Tsai, Theodore] Novartis Vaccines Cambridge, Cambridge, MA USA. [Van der Werf, Sylvie] Natl Influenza Ctr, Paris, France. [Venter, Marietjie] Natl Influenza Ctr, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Wan, Xiufeng] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wang, Dayan] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Webby, Richard] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Weir, Jerry P.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Wentworth, David] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Wickramasinghe, Geethani] Natl Influenza Ctr, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Ye, Zhiping] CBER, Bethesda, MD USA. [Zambon, Maria] Natl Influenza Ctr, London, England. [Ziegler, Thedi] Natl Influenza Ctr, Helsinki, Finland. RP Al Busaidy, S (reprint author), Natl Influenza Ctr, Muscat, Oman. RI Venter, Marietjie/P-9604-2016; Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Razi /A-3892-2017 OI Venter, Marietjie/0000-0003-2696-824X; NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 32 BP 3209 EP 3221 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.049 PG 13 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 179RE UT WOS:000321538200002 ER PT J AU Gessner, BD Brooks, WA Neuzil, KM Vernet, G Bright, RA Tam, JS Bresee, J Monto, AS AF Gessner, Bradford D. Brooks, W. Abdullah Neuzil, Kathleen M. Vernet, Guy Bright, Rick A. Tam, John S. Bresee, Joseph Monto, Arnold S. TI Vaccines as a tool to estimate the burden of severe influenza in children of low-resourced areas (November 30-December 1, 2012, Les Pensieres, Veyrier-du-Lac, France) SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Clinical trial; Conference report; Disease burden; Immunization; Influenza; Vaccine ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; PNEUMONIA ETIOLOGY RESEARCH; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HEALTH PROJECT; DISEASE BURDEN; VIRAL ETIOLOGY AB There is an increasing focus on influenza in low-resourced areas as a vaccine-preventable cause of severe lower respiratory disease in young children, especially among those under two years of age. The extent of the disease burden is unclear: current etiologic studies may underestimate the impact of influenza if recognized or unrecognized infection occurs some time before severe disease manifestations prompt specimen collection for diagnosis. Because of various methodological challenges, a vaccine probe approach was used to estimate vaccine preventable disease incidence (VPDI) for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b, particularly for pneumonia outcomes among young children. A similar approach could be used to determine VPDI for influenza. A highly effective vaccine would facilitate this approach; however, with appropriate design, a less than ideal vaccine also could be used to estimate VPDI. Because influenza vaccine efficacy against severe disease may be greater than against all symptomatic influenza disease, a vaccine probe approach could provide a better measure than etiologic studies of the public health utility of influenza vaccine. The first 6 months of life is a time of particularly increased influenza risk among young children, and an age group for which current vaccines are not approved. Previous studies have found that maternal influenza immunization can reduce acute respiratory infection in the infant during this vulnerable period. Additional randomized, controlled trials are currently underway using a vaccine probe approach to estimate VPDI among mothers and their infants following maternal influenza immunization. The World Health Organization now identifies pregnant women as the highest priority target group for influenza vaccination. Should countries implement this strategy, infants age 6-23 months likely would remain at increased risk; vaccine probe approaches could quantify the public health benefit of immunizing this group. C1 [Gessner, Bradford D.] AMP, Paris, France. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Div Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Vernet, Guy] Fdn Merieux, Lyon, France. [Bright, Rick A.] US Dept HHS, Off Secretary, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, BARDA, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Tam, John S.] World Hlth Org, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, Initiat Vaccine Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bresee, Joseph] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Gessner, BD (reprint author), AMP, Paris, France. EM bgessner@aamp.org FU Sanofi-Pasteur; Crucell; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck; Novartis Vaccines; Pfizer FX B.D. Gessner works for Agence de Medecine Preventive (AMP) which receives unrestricted support from Sanofi-Pasteur and grant-specific support from Crucell, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis Vaccines, Pfizer and Sanofi-Pasteur. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 11 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 32 BP 3222 EP 3228 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.017 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 179RE UT WOS:000321538200003 PM 23707161 ER PT J AU Farrell, M Sebeny, P Klena, JD DeMattos, C Pimentel, G Turner, M Joseph, A Espiritu, J Zumwalt, J Dueger, E AF Farrell, Margaret Sebeny, Peter Klena, John D. DeMattos, Cecilia Pimentel, Guillermo Turner, Mark Joseph, Antony Espiritu, Jennifer Zumwalt, John Dueger, Erica TI Influenza Risk Management: Lessons Learned from an A(H1N1) pdm09 Outbreak Investigation in an Operational Military Setting SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRUSES AB Background: At the onset of an influenza pandemic, when the severity of a novel strain is still undetermined and there is a threat of introduction into a new environment, e. g., via the deployment of military troops, sensitive screening criteria and conservative isolation practices are generally recommended. Objectives: In response to elevated rates of influenza-like illness among U. S. military base camps in Kuwait, U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 partnered with local U. S. Army medical units to conduct an A(H1N1) pdm09 outbreak investigation. Patients/Methods: Initial clinical data and nasal specimens were collected via the existent passive surveillance system and active surveillance was conducted using a modified version of the World Health Organization/U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention influenza-like illness case definition [fever (T > 100.5 degrees F/38 degrees C) in addition to cough and/or sore throat in the previous 72 hours] as the screening criteria. Samples were tested via real-time reverse-transcription PCR and sequenced for comparison to global A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses from the same time period. Results: The screening criteria used in Kuwait proved insensitive, capturing only 16% of A(H1N1) pdm09-positive individuals. While still not ideal, using cough as the sole screening criteria would have increased sensitivity to 73%. Conclusions: The results of and lessons learned from this outbreak investigation suggest that pandemic influenza risk management should be a dynamic process (as information becomes available regarding true attack rates and associated mortality, screening and isolation criteria should be re-evaluated and revised as appropriate), and that military operational environments present unique challenges to influenza surveillance. C1 [Farrell, Margaret; Dueger, Erica] US Amer Naval Med Res Unit, Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Cairo, Egypt. [Sebeny, Peter; Klena, John D.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Clin Trials & Mil Studies Dept, Cairo, Egypt. [DeMattos, Cecilia] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [DeMattos, Cecilia; Pimentel, Guillermo] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Viral & Zoonot Dis Res Program, Cairo, Egypt. [Turner, Mark] Naval Hosp Bremerton, Bremerton, WA USA. [Joseph, Antony] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Navy Environm & Preventat Med Unit, San Diego, CA USA. [Espiritu, Jennifer] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zumwalt, John] Navy Hosp Jacksonville, Naval Air Stn Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Dueger, Erica] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farrell, M (reprint author), US Amer Naval Med Res Unit, Global Dis Detect & Response Program, Cairo, Egypt. EM marleefar@gmail.com OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526 FU Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS); CDC Global Disease Detection and Response Program (GDDRP) FX This work was supported by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (GEIS, http://www.afhsc.mil/geis) and the CDC Global Disease Detection and Response Program (GDDRP, http://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/gdder/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 10 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e68639 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068639 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182SU UT WOS:000321765300058 PM 23874699 ER PT J AU Lopman, B Vicuna, Y Salazar, F Broncano, N Esona, MD Sandoval, C Gregoricus, N Bowen, MD Payne, D Vaca, M Chico, M Parashar, U Cooper, PJ AF Lopman, Ben Vicuna, Yosselin Salazar, Fabian Broncano, Nely Esona, Matthew D. Sandoval, Carlos Gregoricus, Nicole Bowen, Michael D. Payne, Daniel Vaca, Martiza Chico, Martha Parashar, Umesh Cooper, Philip J. TI Household Transmission of Rotavirus in a Community with Rotavirus Vaccination in Quininde, Ecuador SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TIME RT-PCR; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; DISEASE; REDUCTION; INFECTION; EFFICACY; SAMPLES; SAFETY; STATES AB Background: We studied the transmission of rotavirus infection in households in peri-urban Ecuador in the vaccination era. Methods: Stool samples were collected from household contacts of child rotavirus cases, diarrhea controls and healthy controls following presentation of the index child to health facilities. Rotavirus infection status of contacts was determined by RT-qPCR. We examined factors associated with transmissibility (index-case characteristics) and susceptibility (householdcontact characteristics). Results: Amongst cases, diarrhea controls and healthy control household contacts, infection attack rates (iAR) were 55%, 8% and 2%, (n = 137, 130, 137) respectively. iARs were higher from index cases with vomiting, and amongst siblings. Disease ARs were higher when the index child was,18 months and had vomiting, with household contact,10 years and those sharing a room with the index case being more susceptible. We found no evidence of asymptomatic infections leading to disease transmission. Conclusion: Transmission rates of rotavirus are high in households with an infected child, while background infections are rare. We have identified factors associated with transmission (vomiting/young age of index case) and susceptibility (young age/sharing a room/being a sibling of the index case). Vaccination may lead to indirect benefits by averting episodes or reducing symptoms in vaccinees. C1 [Lopman, Ben; Esona, Matthew D.; Gregoricus, Nicole; Bowen, Michael D.; Payne, Daniel; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Vicuna, Yosselin; Cooper, Philip J.] Fdn Ecuatoriana Invest Salud, Quininde, Esmeraldas Prov, Ecuador. [Vicuna, Yosselin; Salazar, Fabian; Broncano, Nely; Sandoval, Carlos; Vaca, Martiza; Chico, Martha; Cooper, Philip J.] Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador. [Cooper, Philip J.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Parasitol, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding was provided by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e67763 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067763 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182JD UT WOS:000321736900020 PM 23874443 ER PT J AU Xu, WQ Stadler, CK Gorman, K Jensen, N Kim, D Zheng, HQ Tang, SH Switzer, WM Pye, GW Eiden, MV AF Xu, Wenqin Stadler, Cynthia K. Gorman, Kristen Jensen, Nathaniel Kim, David Zheng, HaoQiang Tang, Shaohua Switzer, William M. Pye, Geoffrey W. Eiden, Maribeth V. TI An exogenous retrovirus isolated from koalas with malignant neoplasias in a US zoo SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID APE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CELL-LINE; IDENTIFICATION; RECEPTOR; TRANSMISSION; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS; PROTEIN AB Leukemia and lymphoma account for more than 60% of deaths in captive koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in northeastern Australia. Although the endogenizing gammaretrovirus koala endogenous retrovirus (KoRV) was isolated from these koalas, KoRV has not been definitively associated with leukemogenesis. We performed KoRV screening in koalas from the San Diego Zoo, maintained for more than 45 y with very limited outbreeding, and the Los Angeles Zoo, maintained by continuously assimilating captive-born Australian koalas. San Diego Zoo koalas are currently free of malignant neoplasias and were infected with only endogenous KoRV, which we now term subtype "KoRV-A," whereas Los Angeles Zoo koalas with lymphomas/leukemias are infected in addition to KoRV-A by a unique KoRV we term subtype "KoRV-B." KoRV-B is most divergent in the envelope protein and uses a host receptor distinct from KoRV-A. KoRV-B also has duplicated enhancer regions in the LTR associated with increased pathology in gammaretroviruses. Whereas KoRV-A uses the sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 1 (PiT1) as a receptor, KoRV-B employs a different receptor, the thiamine transporter 1 (THTR1), to infect cells. KoRV-B is transmitted from dam to offspring through de novo infection, rather than via genetic inheritance like KoRV-A. Detection of KoRV-B in native Australian koalas should provide a history, and a mode for remediation, of leukemia/lymphoma currently endemic in this population. C1 [Xu, Wenqin; Gorman, Kristen; Jensen, Nathaniel; Kim, David; Eiden, Maribeth V.] Natl Inst Mental Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Lab Cellular & Mol Regulat, Sect Directed Gene Transfer, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Stadler, Cynthia K.] Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Zheng, HaoQiang; Tang, Shaohua; Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Eiden, MV (reprint author), Natl Inst Mental Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Lab Cellular & Mol Regulat, Sect Directed Gene Transfer, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM eidenm@mail.nih.gov FU National Institute of Mental Health FX We thank Dr. Robin Weiss and Dr. Laura Levy for helpful comments; James Nagle and Deborah Kauffman (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke sequencing facility, National Institutes of Health) for sequencing; Jill Russ, Mickeyas Alemayehu, Joseph Tran, and Laura Li for expert technical assistance; and Dr. Michael M. Garner (Northwest ZooPath) for providing tissue samples. This work was supported by National Institute of Mental Health intramural funding. NR 21 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 46 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 28 BP 11547 EP 11552 DI 10.1073/pnas.1304704110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 183OT UT WOS:000321827000077 PM 23798387 ER PT J AU He, KY Qi, Q Chan, CB Xiao, G Liu, X Tucker-Burden, C Wang, LY Mao, H Lu, X McDonald, FE Luo, HB Fan, QW Weiss, WA Sun, SY Brat, DJ Ye, KQ AF He, Kunyan Qi, Qi Chan, Chi-Bun Xiao, Ge Liu, Xia Tucker-Burden, Carol Wang, Liya Mao, Hui Lu, Xiang McDonald, Frank E. Luo, Hongbo Fan, Qi-Wen Weiss, William A. Sun, Shi-Yong Brat, Daniel J. Ye, Keqiang TI Blockade of Glioma Proliferation Through Allosteric Inhibition of JAK2 SO SCIENCE SIGNALING LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; SIGNALING PATHWAY; TYROSINE KINASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA; TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS; VEGF EXPRESSION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CANCER-CELLS; PHASE-I AB The gene that encodes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed or mutated in human cancers, including glioblastoma. However, the efficacy of EGFR-targeted small-molecule inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies in glioblastomas that also have mutation or deletion of the gene encoding phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) has been modest. We found that EGFR signaling was blocked by a small molecule (G5-7) that selectively inhibited Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-mediated phosphorylation and activation of EGFR and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) by binding to JAK2, thereby decreasing the activity of downstream signaling by mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and inducing cell cycle arrest. G5-7 inhibited the proliferation of PTEN-deficient glioblastoma cell lines harboring a constitutively active variant of EGFR (U87MG/EGFRvIII) and human glioblastoma explant neurosphere cultures, but the drug only weakly inhibited the proliferation of either glioblastoma cell lines that were wild type for EGFR and stably transfected with PTEN (U87MG/PTEN) or normal neural progenitor cells and astrocytes. Additionally, G5-7 reduced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and endothelial cell migration and induced apoptosis in glioblastoma xenografts, thereby suppressing glioblastoma growth in vivo. Furthermore, G5-7 was more potent than EGFR or JAK2 inhibitors that interfere with either ligand or adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) binding at impeding glioblastoma cell proliferation, demonstrating that this allosteric JAK2 inhibitor may be an effective clinical strategy. C1 [He, Kunyan; Qi, Qi; Chan, Chi-Bun; Liu, Xia; Tucker-Burden, Carol; Brat, Daniel J.; Ye, Keqiang] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Xiao, Ge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wang, Liya; Mao, Hui] Emory Univ, Ctr Syst Imaging, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lu, Xiang; McDonald, Frank E.] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Luo, Hongbo] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Luo, Hongbo] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fan, Qi-Wen; Weiss, William A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sun, Shi-Yong] Emory Univ, Winship Canc Inst, Dep Hematol & Med Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ye, KQ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kye@emory.edu RI Qi, Qi/J-3508-2013; OI Qi, Qi/0000-0003-4460-0713; Weiss, William/0000-0003-2230-9132 FU NIH [RO1CA127119]; Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation; Department of Chemistry, Emory University FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH (RO1CA127119) to K.Y., the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation to Q.-W.F. and W. A. W., and unrestricted funding from the Department of Chemistry, Emory University to X.L. and F.E.M. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1945-0877 J9 SCI SIGNAL JI Sci. Signal. PD JUL 9 PY 2013 VL 6 IS 283 AR ra55 DI 10.1126/scisignal.2003900 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 179ZX UT WOS:000321563400002 PM 23838182 ER PT J AU Kerkhoff, AD Gupta, A Samandari, T Lawn, SD AF Kerkhoff, Andrew D. Gupta, Ankur Samandari, Taraz Lawn, Stephen D. TI The proportions of people living with HIV in low and middle-income countries who test tuberculin skin test positive using either a 5 mm or a 10 mm cut-off: a systematic review SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE HIV; Tuberculin skin test; TST; Tuberculosis; CD4 ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; GAMMA RELEASE ASSAY; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; SUBCLINICAL TUBERCULOSIS; ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS; SOUTHERN IRAN; PREVALENCE; REACTIVITY; ADULTS AB Background: A positive tuberculin skin test (TST) is often defined by skin induration of >= 10 mm in people who are HIV-seronegative. However, to increase sensitivity for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the context of impaired immune function, a revised cut-off of >= 5 mm is used for people living with HIV infection. The incremental proportion of patients who are included by this revised definition and the association between this proportion and CD4+ cell count are unknown. Methods: The literature was systematically reviewed to determine the proportion of people living with HIV (PLWH) without evidence of active tuberculosis in low and middle-income countries who tested TST-positive using cut-offs of >= 5 mm and >= 10 mm of induration. The difference in the proportion testing TST-positive using the two cut-off sizes was calculated for all eligible studies and was stratified by geographical region and CD4+ cell count. Results: A total of 32 studies identified meeting criteria were identified, providing data on 10,971 PLWH from sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Americas. The median proportion of PLWH testing TST-positive using a cut-off of >= 5 mm was 26.8% (IQR, 19.8-46.1%; range, 2.5-81.0%). Using a cut-off of >= 10 mm, the median proportion of PLWH testing TST-positive was 19.6% (IQR, 13.7-36.8%; range 0-52.1%). The median difference in the proportion of PLWH testing TST-positive using the two cut-offs was 6.0% (IQR, 3.4-10.1%; range, 0-37.6%). Among those with CD4+ cell counts of < 200, 200-499 and >= 500 cells/mu L, the proportion of positive tests defined by the >= 5 mm cut-off that were between 5.0 and 9.9 mm in diameter was similar (12.5%, 12.9% and 10.5%, respectively). Conclusions: There is a small incremental yield in the proportion of PLWH who test TST-positive when using an induration cut-off size of >= 5 mm compared to >= 10 mm. This proportion was similar across the range of CD4+ cell strata, supporting the current standardization of this cut-off at all levels of immunodeficiency. C1 [Kerkhoff, Andrew D.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Kerkhoff, Andrew D.; Lawn, Stephen D.] Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, Desmond Tutu HIV Ctr, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Gupta, Ankur; Lawn, Stephen D.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kerkhoff, AD (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM andrewkerkhoff@gmail.com FU Wellcome Trust, London, UK FX SDL is funded by the Wellcome Trust, London, UK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 8 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 307 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-13-307 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 184EE UT WOS:000321869800001 PM 23834892 ER PT J AU Chai, E Choi, E Guitierrez, C Hochman, M Johnkutty, S Kamel, W Mekles, T Zarnegar, R Ackelsberg, J Baiter, S Lee, EH Li, L Ramos, A Rodriguez, T Weiss, D Yung, J Zhao, BY Davis, SW Egan, C Hannett, GE Rao, A Toprani, A Sreenivasan, N AF Chai, Edward Choi, Eugene Guitierrez, Cristina Hochman, Melvin Johnkutty, Suja Kamel, Wael Mekles, Todd Zarnegar, Reza Ackelsberg, Joel Baiter, Sharon Lee, Ellen H. Li, Lan Ramos, Angel Rodriguez, Teresa Weiss, Don Yung, Janette Zhao, Benyang Davis, Stephen W. Egan, Christina Hannett, George E. Rao, Agam Toprani, Amita Sreenivasan, Nandini TI Botulism Associated with Home-Fermented Tofu in Two Chinese Immigrants - New York City, March-April 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID FOODBORNE BOTULISM; UNITED-STATES C1 [Chai, Edward; Choi, Eugene; Guitierrez, Cristina; Hochman, Melvin; Johnkutty, Suja; Kamel, Wael; Mekles, Todd; Zarnegar, Reza] New York Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Ackelsberg, Joel; Baiter, Sharon; Lee, Ellen H.; Li, Lan; Ramos, Angel; Rodriguez, Teresa; Weiss, Don; Yung, Janette; Zhao, Benyang] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Davis, Stephen W.; Egan, Christina; Hannett, George E.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Toprani, Amita; Sreenivasan, Nandini] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Toprani, A (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM atoprani@health.nyc.gov; vii2@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 26 BP 529 EP 532 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187UT UT WOS:000322147700001 ER PT J AU Cochran, J Geltman, PL Ellis, H Brown, C Anderton, S Montour, J Vargas, M Komatsu, K Senseman, C Cardozo, BL Sivilli, TI Blanton, C Shetty, S Taylor, E Lankau, E Ao, T AF Cochran, Jennifer Geltman, Paul L. Ellis, Heidi Brown, Cheryl Anderton, Stephanie Montour, Jessica Vargas, Monica Komatsu, Kenneth Senseman, Carrie Cardozo, Barbara Lopes Sivilli, Teresa I. Blanton, Curtis Shetty, Sharmila Taylor, Eboni Lankau, Emily Trong Ao TI Suicide and Suicidal Ideation Among Bhutanese Refugees - United States, 2009-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID TORTURE C1 [Cochran, Jennifer; Geltman, Paul L.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Refugee Hlth Tech Assistance Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ellis, Heidi] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Ellis, Heidi] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brown, Cheryl; Anderton, Stephanie] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Vargas, Monica] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taylor, Eboni; Lankau, Emily; Trong Ao] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ao, T (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM trongao@cdc.gov RI Lankau, Emily/C-8057-2011 OI Lankau, Emily/0000-0002-7094-7780 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 26 BP 533 EP 536 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187UT UT WOS:000322147700002 ER PT J AU Mack, KA Jones, CM Paulozzi, L AF Mack, Karin A. Jones, Christopher M. Paulozzi, Leonard TI Vital Signs: Overdoses of Prescription Opioid Pain Relievers and Other Drugs Among Women - United States, 1999-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID NONMEDICAL USE; NONCANCER PAIN; GENDER; THERAPY; ABUSE; SEX AB Background: Overdose deaths have increased steadily over the past decade. This report describes drug-related deaths and emergency department (ED) visits among women. Methods: CDC analyzed rates of fatal drug overdoses and drug misuse- or abuse-related ED visits among women using data from the National Vital Statistics System (1999-2010) and the Drug Abuse Warning Network (2004-2010). Results: In 2010, a total of 15,323 deaths among women were attributed to drug overdose, a rate of 9.8 per 100,000 population. Deaths from opioid pain relievers (OPRs) increased fivefold between. 1999 and 2010 for women; OPR deaths among men increased 3.6 times. In 2010, there were 943,365 ED visits by women for drug misuse or abuse. The highest ED visit rates were for cocaine or heroin (147.2 per 100,000 population), benzodiazepines (134.6), and OPR (129.6). ED visits related to misuse or abuse of OPR among women more than doubled between 2004 and 2010. Conclusions: Although more men die from drug overdoses than women, the percentage increase in deaths since 1999 is greater among women. More women have died each year from drug overdoses than from motor vehicle-related injuries since 2007. Deaths and ED visits related to OPR continue to increase among women. The prominent involvement of psychotherapeutic drugs, such as benzodiazepines, among overdoses provides insight for prevention opportunities. C1 [Mack, Karin A.; Jones, Christopher M.; Paulozzi, Leonard] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mack, KA (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmack@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 NR 19 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 26 BP 537 EP 542 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187UT UT WOS:000322147700003 ER PT J AU Roehrig, JT Butrapet, S Liss, NM Bennett, SL Luy, BE Childers, T Boroughs, KL Stovall, JL Calvert, AE Blair, CD Huang, CYH AF Roehrig, John T. Butrapet, Siritorn Liss, Nathan M. Bennett, Susan L. Luy, Betty E. Childers, Thomas Boroughs, Karen L. Stovall, Janae L. Calvert, Amanda E. Blair, Carol D. Huang, Claire Y-H TI Mutation of the dengue virus type 2 envelope protein heparan sulfate binding sites or the domain III lateral ridge blocks replication in Vero cells prior to membrane fusion SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dengue virus; Flavivirus; Envelope protein; Attachment; Heparan sulfate; Mutagenesis ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NEUTRALIZING EPITOPE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DENDRITIC CELLS; MOSQUITO CELLS; LINKED GLYCANS; INSECT CELLS; PRM PROTEIN AB Using an infectious cDNA clone we engineered seven mutations in the putative heparan sulfate- and receptor-binding motifs of the envelope protein of dengue virus serotype 2, strain 16681. Four mutant viruses, KK122/123EE, E202K, G304K, and KKK305/307/310EEE, were recovered following transfection of C6/36 cells. A fifth mutant, KK291/295EE, was recovered from C6/36 cells with a compensatory E295V mutation. All mutants grew in and mediated fusion of virus-infected C6/36 cells, but three of the mutants, KK122/123EE, E202K, G304K, did not grow in Vero cells without further modification. Two Vero cell lethal mutants, KK291/295EV and KKK307/307/310EEE, failed to replicate in DC-SIGN-transformed Raji cells and did not react with monoclonal antibodies known to block DENV attachment to Vero cells. Additionally, both mutants were unable to initiate negative-strand vRNA synthesis in Vero cells by 72 h post-infection, suggesting that the replication block occurred prior to virus-mediated membrane fusion. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Roehrig, John T.; Butrapet, Siritorn; Liss, Nathan M.; Luy, Betty E.; Childers, Thomas; Boroughs, Karen L.; Stovall, Janae L.; Calvert, Amanda E.; Huang, Claire Y-H] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bennett, Susan L.; Blair, Carol D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Roehrig, JT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jtr1@cdc.gov OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 FU Center for Disease Control; Center for Prevention; Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative [PDVI TR-159A] FX We thank Ms. Mellisa Bushey, Ms. Kelley Moss, and Mr. Shawn Silengo for their technical assistance in various experiments, and Ted Pierson for the Raji cells. This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and a grant from the Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative (PDVI TR-159A). NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUL 5 PY 2013 VL 441 IS 2 BP 114 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.03.011 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 155XD UT WOS:000319782800003 PM 23571092 ER PT J AU Drahos, J Wu, MX Anderson, WF Trivers, KF King, J Rosenberg, PS Eheman, C Cook, MB AF Drahos, Jennifer Wu, Manxia Anderson, William F. Trivers, Katrina F. King, Jessica Rosenberg, Philip S. Eheman, Christie Cook, Michael B. TI Regional Variations in Esophageal Cancer Rates by Census Region in the United States, 1999-2008 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HISTOLOGY DIFFERENCES; OVERLAPPING REGIONS; NATIONAL PROGRAM; COMPARING TRENDS; GASTRIC CARDIA; SEER PROGRAM; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; COMPLETENESS; CARCINOMAS AB Background: Assessment of cancer incidence trends within the U.S. have mostly relied upon Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data, with implicit inference that such is representative of the general population. However, many cancer policy decisions are based at a more granular level. To help inform such, analyses of regional cancer incidence data are needed. Leveraging the unique resource of National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR)-SEER, we assessed whether regional rates and trends of esophageal cancer significantly deviated from national estimates. Methods: From NPCR-SEER, we extracted cancer case counts and populations for whites aged 45-84 years by calendar year, histology, sex, and census region for the period 1999-2008. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs), annual percent changes (APCs), and male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Results: This analysis included 65,823 esophageal adenocarcinomas and 27,094 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed during 778 million person-years. We observed significant geographic variability in incidence rates and trends, especially for esophageal adenocarcinomas in males: ASRs were highest in the Northeast (17.7 per 100,000) and Midwest (18.1). Both were significantly higher than the national estimate (16.0). In addition, the Northeast APC was 62% higher than the national estimate (3.19% vs. 1.97%). Lastly, IRRs remained fairly constant across calendar time, despite changes in incidence rates. Conclusion: Significant regional variations in esophageal cancer incidence trends exist in the U.S. Stable IRRs may indicate the predominant factors affecting incidence rates are similar in men and women. C1 [Drahos, Jennifer; Anderson, William F.; Rosenberg, Philip S.; Cook, Michael B.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Drahos, Jennifer] NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Canc Prevent Div, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wu, Manxia; Trivers, Katrina F.; King, Jessica; Eheman, Christie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Drahos, J (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jennifer.drahos@nih.gov RI Cook, Michael/A-5641-2009 OI Cook, Michael/0000-0002-0533-7302 FU Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health and Department of Health and Human Services [CA00350] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health and Department of Health and Human Services (CA00350). There are no financial disclosures from any of the authors. The funders have no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 4 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e67913 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067913 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 204FO UT WOS:000323350700058 PM 23861830 ER PT J AU Muniz, CP Troncoso, LL Moreira, MA Soares, EA Pissinatti, A Bonvicino, CR Seuanez, HN Sharma, B Jia, HW Shankar, A Switzer, WM Santos, AF Soares, MA AF Muniz, Claudia P. Troncoso, Lian L. Moreira, Miguel A. Soares, Esmeralda A. Pissinatti, Alcides Bonvicino, Cibele R. Seuanez, Hector N. Sharma, Bechan Jia, Hongwei Shankar, Anupama Switzer, William M. Santos, Andre F. Soares, Marcelo A. TI Identification and Characterization of Highly Divergent Simian Foamy Viruses in a Wide Range of New World Primates from Brazil SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; INFECTION; HUMANS; PREVALENCE; EVOLUTION; MONKEYS; AIDS AB Foamy viruses naturally infect a wide range of mammals, including Old World (OWP) and New World primates (NWP), which are collectively called simian foamy viruses (SFV). While NWP species in Central and South America are highly diverse, only SFV from captive marmoset, spider monkey, and squirrel monkey have been genetically characterized and the molecular epidemiology of SFV infection in NWPs remains unknown. We tested a large collection of genomic DNA (n = 332) comprising 14 genera of NWP species for the presence of SFV polymerase (pol) sequences using generic PCR primers. Further molecular characterization of positive samples was carried out by LTR-gag and larger pol sequence analysis. We identified novel SFVs infecting nine NWP genera. Prevalence rates varied between 14-30% in different species for which at least 10 specimens were tested. High SFV genetic diversity among NWP up to 50% in LTR-gag and 40% in pol was revealed by intragenus and intrafamilial comparisons. Two different SFV strains infecting two captive yellow-breasted capuchins did not group in species-specific lineages but rather clustered with SFVs from marmoset and spider monkeys, indicating independent cross-species transmission events. We describe the first SFV epidemiology study of NWP, and the first evidence of SFV infection in wild NWPs. We also document a wide distribution of distinct SFVs in 14 NWP genera, including two novel co-speciating SFVs in capuchins and howler monkeys, suggestive of an ancient evolutionary history in NWPs for at least 28 million years. A high SFV genetic diversity was seen among NWP, yet these viruses seem able to jump between NWP species and even genera. Our results raise concerns for the risk of zoonotic transmission of NWP SFV to humans as these primates are regularly hunted for food or kept as pets in forest regions of South America. C1 [Muniz, Claudia P.; Troncoso, Lian L.; Seuanez, Hector N.; Santos, Andre F.; Soares, Marcelo A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Genet, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Moreira, Miguel A.; Soares, Esmeralda A.; Bonvicino, Cibele R.; Seuanez, Hector N.; Soares, Marcelo A.] Inst Nacl Canc, Programa Genet, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pissinatti, Alcides] Ctr Primatol Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Bonvicino, Cibele R.] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Sharma, Bechan] Univ Allahabad, Dept Biochem, Allahabad 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Jia, Hongwei; Shankar, Anupama; Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Soares, MA (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Genet, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM masoares@biologia.ufrj.br RI Bonvicino, Cibele /O-3390-2014; Santos, Andre/I-5734-2016 FU Instituto Nacional de Cancer; Brazilian Research Council (CNPq) [563766/2008-5]; Rio de Janeiro State Science Foundation [E-26/102.858/2008] FX This work was supported by intramural grants of the Instituto Nacional de Cancer, by the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq) grant # 563766/2008-5 (MAS), and by the Rio de Janeiro State Science Foundation grant # E-26/102.858/2008 (MAS). CRM was recipient of a Masters Student scholarship by CNPq while conducting this study. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 3 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 7 AR e67568 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067568 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 182HT UT WOS:000321733000081 PM 23844033 ER PT J AU Maulsby, C Millett, G Lindsey, K Kelley, R Johnson, K Montoya, D Holtgrave, D AF Maulsby, Cathy Millett, Greg Lindsey, Kali Kelley, Robin Johnson, Kim Montoya, Daniel Holtgrave, David TI A systematic review of HIV interventions for black men who have sex with men (MSM) SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Black men who have sex with men; HIV; Implementation research; Implementation science; Evaluation ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; RISK-REDUCTION INTERVENTION; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; CARE; DISPARITIES; PROJECT; METAANALYSIS; OUTREACH AB Background: Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened by HIV/AIDS. Despite this burden there has been a shortage of research on HIV interventions for black MSM. This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on interventions for black MSM to identify effective HIV prevention intervention strategies for black MSM. Methods: We searched 3 databases: Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify peer-reviewed articles and used the following search terms: African American or black; MSM or men who have sex with men and women (MSMW); HIV; program or intervention; and evaluation or intervention science or implementation research. We included research articles that assessed interventions for black men who have sex with men. We included studies that used an experimental, quasi-experimental, or pre-post test design as well as formative research studies. We also searched the CDC and NIH websites to identify planned and on-going intervention studies. We identified a total of 23 studies to include in the review. Results: We identified 12 completed studies of interventions for black MSM. Eight of these 12 interventions aimed to reduce HIV risk behaviors and 5 found a significant reduction in HIV risk behavior over time. We identified 4 health service intervention studies for young black MSM. Conclusions: Behavior change interventions are effective at reducing HIV risk behaviors among black MSM. However, relying only on behavioral interventions that aim to reduce HIV risk behavior will most likely not have a population-level effect on HIV infection among black MSM. There is a compelling and urgent need to develop and test comprehensive HIV testing, linkage to care, retention in care and adherence interventions for black MSM. C1 [Maulsby, Cathy; Holtgrave, David] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Millett, Greg] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lindsey, Kali; Kelley, Robin; Johnson, Kim; Montoya, Daniel] Natl Minor AIDS Council, Washington, DC 20009 USA. RP Maulsby, C (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cmaulsby@jhsph.edu FU National Minority AIDS Council (NMAC) FX We would like to acknowledge Dr. David Malebranche for contributing important intellectual content and critical review for this manuscript. This study was supported by contracts to The Johns Hopkins University from the National Minority AIDS Council (NMAC) (http://www.nmac.org/). NMAC had no role in study design, data collection or analysis. NMAC reviewed the interpretation of the data and provided suggested edits to a draft of the manuscript. Edits were accepted at the sole discretion of JHU. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 625 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-625 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 182YB UT WOS:000321779600001 PM 23819660 ER PT J AU Clark, A Jauregui, B Griffiths, U Janusz, CB Bolanos-Sierra, B Hajjeh, R Andrus, JK Sanderson, C AF Clark, Andrew Jauregui, Barbara Griffiths, Ulla Janusz, Cara B. Bolanos-Sierra, Brenda Hajjeh, Rana Andrus, Jon K. Sanderson, Colin TI TRIVAC decision-support model for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b, pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Health economics; Cost-effectiveness; New vaccines; Decision; Support models ID CHILDREN; DISEASE; DIARRHEA AB The TRIVAC decision support model has been used widely in Latin America and other regions to help national teams evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and rotavirus vaccine (RV). We describe the structure and functioning of this model, and identify the parameters with the greatest influence on the results. The TRIVAC model is a spreadsheet software program that calculates incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and other indicators for three childhood vaccines (Hib, PCV and RV) utilising parameters such as demography, disease burden, vaccine costs, vaccine coverage, vaccine efficacy, health service utilisation and costs. There is a good deal of uncertainty about the local values of many of the parameters that have most influence on the cost-effectiveness of these new vaccines. Cost-effectiveness models can be used to explore the implications of different values of these parameters. However, for such models to be seen as relevant and helpful by decision-makers, they need to be transparent, flexible, easy to use, and embedded in a process which is owned and led by national teams. In this paper the key drivers of cost-effectiveness in the model are identified by one-way sensitivity analyses, run for each vaccine in 147 countries. The data used are mainly from standard international sources and the published literature. The primary indicator was the discounted cost per Disability Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) averted, from a government perspective, over a 20-year period (2013-2032). For all three vaccines, the ICER was most sensitive to changes in relative coverage (the coverage of the children who would have become diseased or, more importantly, died if the population had not been vaccinated, as a % of overall national coverage) and the herd effect multiplier. Other influential parameters for all three vaccines were: the incidence and case fatality of disease, the baseline trend in disease mortality in the absence of vaccination, vaccine efficacy, vaccine price and the % decline in vaccine price per year. Important vaccine-specific parameters included the cost of Hib meningitis sequelae, PCV serotype coverage and the rotavirus gastro-enteritis (RVGE) admission rate. While vaccine efficacy, herd effects, disease mortality and vaccine price are commonly cited as important drivers of cost-effectiveness, this analysis highlights the potentially important influence of relative coverage, a parameter rarely considered in models of vaccine impact and cost-effectiveness. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Clark, Andrew; Griffiths, Ulla; Bolanos-Sierra, Brenda; Sanderson, Colin] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1H 9SH, England. [Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Clark, A (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Publ Hlth & Policy, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, 15-17 Tavistock Pl, London WC1H 9SH, England. EM andrew.clark@lshtm.ac.uk OI Sanderson, Colin/0000-0002-4838-6112 FU PAHOs ProVac Initiative; GAVIs Hib Initiative FX PAHOs ProVac Initiative and GAVIs Hib Initiative. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 31 SU 3 BP C19 EP C29 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.045 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176QC UT WOS:000321318200008 PM 23777686 ER PT J AU Hyde, TB Andrus, JK Dietz, VJ Andrus, JK Hyde, TB Lee, CE Widdowson, MA Verani, JR Friedman, C Azziz-Baumgartner, E Lopez, AS Jumaan, A Dietz, VJ AF Hyde, Terri B. Andrus, Jon K. Dietz, Vance J. Andrus, Jon K. Hyde, Terri B. Lee, Carla E. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Verani, Jennifer R. Friedman, Cindy Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Lopez, Adriana S. Jumaan, Aisha Dietz, Vance J. CA Integrated All-VPD Surveillance TI Critical issues in implementing a national integrated all-vaccine preventable disease surveillance system SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Surveillance; Vaccine preventable disease; GFIMS AB In 2007, the World Health Organization published the Global Framework for Immunization Monitoring and Surveillance (GFIMS) outlining measures to enhance national surveillance for vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs). The GFIMS emphasized that VPD surveillance should be integrated and placed in a 'unified framework' building upon the strengths of existing surveillance systems to prevent duplication of activities common to all surveillance systems and to minimize human resource and supply expenditures. Unfortunately, there was little experience in actually developing integrated VPD surveillance. We describe the process of developing operational guidance for ministries of health to implement such an integrated surveillance system for multiple VPDs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hyde, Terri B.; Dietz, Vance J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Andrus, Jon K.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Comprehens Family Immunizat Project, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Hyde, TB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM thyde@cdc.gov; andrusjo@paho.org; vdietz@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 31 SU 3 BP C94 EP C98 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.034 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176QC UT WOS:000321318200017 PM 23777699 ER PT J AU Picon, T Alonso, L Gabarrot, GG Speranza, N Casas, M Arrieta, F Camou, T Rosa, R De Oliveira, LH Verani, JR AF Picon, Teresa Alonso, Lucia Garcia Gabarrot, Gabriela Speranza, Noelia Casas, Mariana Arrieta, Fernando Camou, Teresa Rosa, Raquel De Oliveira, Lucia Helena Verani, Jennifer Rabke TI Effectiveness of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against vaccine-type invasive disease among children in Uruguay: An evaluation using existing data SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Pneumococcal infections; Pneumococcal vaccines; Uruguay ID PNEUMONIA; PREVENTION; EFFICACY; TRIAL; IMMUNOGENICITY; FORMULATIONS; METAANALYSIS; SCHEDULE; INFANTS; PROGRAM AB The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced into the routine immunization program in Uruguay in March 2008 with a 2-dose primary series (given at 2 and 4 months) plus a booster (at 12 months) and a catch-up campaign (two doses given at 15 and 17 months). We used a case control methodology and existing laboratory surveillance and immunization registry data from Uruguay to evaluate PCV7 effectiveness against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (VT-IPD). Cases of VT-IPD (with pneumococcus obtained from a normally sterile site) were identified through the National Reference Laboratory. Age- and neighborhood-matched controls were obtained through a national immunization registry in which all children are enrolled at birth regardless of vaccine receipt; all eligible controls were included. Immunization status of cases and controls was assessed through the immunization registry, and conditional logistic regression was used to calculate PCV7 effectiveness. Between April 2008 and February 2010,44 cases of VT-IPD among children <5 years were identified; 43 (98%) of those children were located in the registry. Among located case patients, 7 (16.3%) were age-eligible to have received at least one dose of PCV7. A total of 637 matched controls were included. Vaccine effectiveness was 91.3% (95% CI: 46.4, 98.6) for >= 1 PCV7 doses and 94.8% (95% Cl: 43.1, 99.5) for >= 2 PCV7 doses. Using existing data we demonstrated high effectiveness of PCV7 against VT-IPD in Uruguay a middle-income country using a 2-dose primary series plus a booster dose and a limited catch-up campaign. These data also highlight the utility of surveillance and high-quality immunization registries for evaluating the effectiveness of vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Picon, Teresa; Speranza, Noelia] Minist Publ Hlth, Immunizat Unit, Div Epidemiol, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Alonso, Lucia; Rosa, Raquel] Minist Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Garcia Gabarrot, Gabriela; Camou, Teresa] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Reference Lab, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Casas, Mariana] Minist Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Surveillance Dept, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Arrieta, Fernando] Honorary Commiss Fight TB & Other Prevalent Dis, Immunizat Dept, Montevideo, Uruguay. [De Oliveira, Lucia Helena] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Verani, Jennifer Rabke] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Verani, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jverani@cdc.gov OI Camou, Teresa/0000-0002-9304-5683 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 31 SU 3 BP C109 EP C113 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.01.059 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176QC UT WOS:000321318200019 PM 23777683 ER PT J AU Toscano, CM Vijayaraghavan, M Salazar-Bolanos, HM Bolanos-Acuna, HM Ruiz-Gonzalez, AI Barrantes-Solis, T Fernandez-Vargas, I Panero, MS de Oliveira, LH Hyde, TB AF Toscano, C. M. Vijayaraghavan, M. Salazar-Bolanos, H. M. Bolanos-Acuna, H. M. Ruiz-Gonzalez, A. I. Barrantes-Solis, T. Fernandez-Vargas, I. Panero, M. S. de Oliveira, L. H. Hyde, T. B. CA iVPD Working Team TI Cost analysis of an integrated vaccine-preventable disease surveillance system in Costa Rica SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Cost studies; Vaccine preventable disease surveillance; Integrated surveillance; Program costs AB Introduction: Following World Health Organization recommendations set forth in the Global Framework for Immunization Monitoring and Surveillance, Costa Rica in 2009 became the first country to implement integrated vaccine-preventable disease (iVPD) surveillance, with support from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). As surveillance for diseases prevented by new vaccines is integrated into existing surveillance systems, these systems could cost more than routine surveillance for VPDs targeted by the Expanded Program on Immunization. Objectives: We estimate the costs associated with establishing and subsequently operating the iVPD surveillance system at a pilot site in Costa Rica. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on costs incurred by the institutions supporting iVPD surveillance during the preparatory (January 2007 through August 2009) and implementation (September 2009 through August 2010) phases of the iVPD surveillance project in Costa Rica. These data were used to estimate costs for personnel, meetings, infrastructure, office equipment and supplies, transportation, and laboratory facilities. Costs incurred by each of the collaborating institutions were also estimated. Results: During the preparatory phase, the estimated total cost was 128,000 U.S. dollars (US$), including 64% for personnel costs. The preparatory phase was supported by CDC and PAHO. The estimated cost for 1 year of implementation was US$ 420,000, including 58% for personnel costs, 28% for laboratory costs, and 14% for meeting, infrastructure, office, and transportation costs combined. The national reference laboratory and the PAHO Costa Rica office incurred 64% of total costs, and other local institutions supporting iVPD surveillance incurred the remaining 36%. Conclusions: Countries planning to implement iVPD surveillance will require adequate investments in human resources, laboratories, data management, reporting, and investigation. Our findings will be valuable for decision makers and donors planning and implementing similar strategies in other countries. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Toscano, C. M.] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Vijayaraghavan, M.; Hyde, T. B.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salazar-Bolanos, H. M.] Costa Rica Minist Hlth, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Bolanos-Acuna, H. M.; Ruiz-Gonzalez, A. I.] Inst Costarricense Invest & Ensenanza Nutr & Salu, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Barrantes-Solis, T.] Hosp San Vincente de Paul, Heredia, Costa Rica. [Fernandez-Vargas, I.] Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Panero, M. S.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Costa Rica Country Off, San Jose, Costa Rica. [de Oliveira, L. H.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Comprehens Family Immunizat Project, Washington, DC USA. RP Toscano, CM (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM ctoscano@terra.com.br OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 31 SU 3 BP C88 EP C93 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.036 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176QC UT WOS:000321318200016 PM 23777698 ER PT J AU Whitney, CG Parashar, UD AF Whitney, Cynthia G. Parashar, Umesh D. TI What do policy makers need to know? Lessons from the decision to add pneumococcal conjugate and rotavirus vaccines to the US immunization program SO VACCINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CHILDREN; EFFICACY; INFANTS; SAFETY; GASTROENTERITIS; VACCINATION C1 [Whitney, Cynthia G.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Whitney, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwhitney@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 2 PY 2013 VL 31 SU 3 BP C6 EP C7 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.051 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176QC UT WOS:000321318200004 PM 23777693 ER PT J AU Han, PKJ Kobrin, S Breen, N Joseph, DA Li, J Frosch, DL Klabunde, CN AF Han, Paul K. J. Kobrin, Sarah Breen, Nancy Joseph, Djenaba A. Li, Jun Frosch, Dominick L. Klabunde, Carrie N. TI National Evidence on the Use of Shared Decision Making in Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening SO ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE prostate-specific antigen; mass screening; decision making ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; INFORMED DECISIONS; UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORTS; CANCER; MEN AB PURPOSE Recent clinical practice guidelines on prostate cancer screening using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test (PSA screening) have recommended that clinicians practice shared decision making-a process involving clinician-patient discussion of the pros, cons, and uncertainties of screening. We undertook a study to determine the prevalence of shared decision making in both PSA screening and nonscreening, as well as patient characteristics associated with shared decision making. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 3,427 men aged 50 to 74 years participating in the 2010 National Health Interview Survey responded to questions on the extent of shared decision making (past physician-patient discussion of advantages, disadvantages, and scientific uncertainty associated with PSA screening), PSA screening intensity (tests in past 5 years), and sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. RESULTS Nearly two-thirds (64.3%) of men reported no past physician-patient discussion of advantages, disadvantages, or scientific uncertainty (no shared decision making); 27.8% reported discussion of 1 to 2 elements only (partial shared decision making); 8.0% reported discussion of all 3 elements (full shared decision making). Nearly one-half (44.2%) reported no PSA screening, 27.8% reported low-intensity (less-than-annual) screening, and 25.1% reported high-intensity (nearly annual) screening. Absence of shared decision making was more prevalent in men who were not screened; 88% (95% CI, 86.2%-90.1%) of nonscreened men reported no shared decision making compared with 39% (95% CI, 35.0%-43.3%) of men undergoing high-intensity screening. Extent of shared decision making was associated with black race, Hispanic ethnicity, higher education, health insurance, and physician recommendation. Screening intensity was associated with older age, higher education, usual source of medical care, and physician recommendation, as well as with partial vs no or full shared decision making. CONCLUSIONS Most US men report little shared decision making in PSA screening, and the lack of shared decision making is more prevalent in nonscreened than in screened men. Screening intensity is greatest with partial shared decision making, and different elements of shared decision making are associated with distinct patient characteristics. Shared decision making needs to be improved in decisions for and against PSA screening. C1 [Han, Paul K. J.] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Portland, ME 04101 USA. [Han, Paul K. J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kobrin, Sarah] Natl Canc Inst, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Behav Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Breen, Nancy; Klabunde, Carrie N.] Natl Canc Inst, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Joseph, Djenaba A.; Li, Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frosch, Dominick L.] Palo Alto Med Fdn, Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. [Frosch, Dominick L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Han, PKJ (reprint author), Maine Med Ctr, Ctr Outcomes Res & Evaluat, 509 Forest Ave, Portland, ME 04101 USA. EM hanp@mmc.org OI Han, Paul/0000-0003-0165-1940 NR 55 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 10 PU ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, LEAWOOD, KS 66211-2672 USA SN 1544-1709 EI 1544-1717 J9 ANN FAM MED JI Ann. Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 11 IS 4 BP 306 EP 314 DI 10.1370/afm.1539 PG 9 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AI3XH UT WOS:000336798500003 PM 23835816 ER PT J AU Violanti, JM Fekedulegn, D Andrew, ME Charles, LE Hartley, TA Vila, B Burchfiel, CM AF Violanti, John M. Fekedulegn, Desta Andrew, Michael E. Charles, Luenda E. Hartley, Tara A. Vila, Bryan Burchfiel, Cecil M. TI Shift work and long-term injury among police officers SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE accident prevention; atypical work hour; law enforcement; occupational injury; work history ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; SAFETY AB Objective Our previous work has suggested that the incidence of any occurrence of injury leave among police officers is higher on night shifts. In this study, we extended our inquiry to determine whether the incidence of long-term injury leave varies across shifts. Methods Police officers (N=419) from an urban department were included in the analysis. Daily payroll work history data from 1994-2010 was collected. Injury leave duration was examined ranging from >= 1->= 90 days. Poisson regression models were used to compute incidence rates (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) of long-term injury. Results Cumulative incidence of injury for different durations of leave defined as >= 1, >= 5, >= 10, >= 15, >= 30, and >= 90 days were 61.3%, 45.4%, 39.9%, 33.9%, 26.5%, and 9.6% respectively. Age-and gender adjusted IRR of long-term injury (>= 90 days) for night versus day shifts was IRR 3.12, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.35-7.21 and IRR 2.21, 95% CI 1.04-4.68, for night versus afternoon shifts. Among all durations examined, the largest IRR was for injury >= 90 days, night versus day shifts (IRR 3.12, 95% CI 1.35-7.21). Conclusions Night shift work was significantly associated with long-term injury among police officers after adjustment for age and gender. Although type of injury was not available, it is possible that variation in injury type across shifts might account for some of this association. C1 [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.; Charles, Luenda E.; Hartley, Tara A.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Vila, Bryan] Washington State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice & Criminol, Spokane, WA USA. [Vila, Bryan] Washington State Univ, Sleep & Performance Res Ctr, Spokane, WA USA. RP Violanti, JM (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM violanti@buffalo.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [200-2003-01580]; National Institute of Justice (NIJ) [NIJ 2005-FS-BX-0004] FX The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (contract 200-2003-01580) and the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) (grant number: NIJ 2005-FS-BX-0004) supported this study. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH PI HELSINKI PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 0355-3140 EI 1795-990X J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4 BP 361 EP 368 DI 10.5271/sjweh.3342 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AD0IA UT WOS:000332916500006 PM 23503596 ER PT J AU Skjeldestad, FE Grosse, SD Okoroh, E Braekkan, SK Cannegieter, SC Naess, IA Krokstad, S Hansen, JB AF Skjeldestad, F. E. Grosse, S. D. Okoroh, E. Braekkan, S. K. Cannegieter, S. C. Naess, I. A. Krokstad, S. Hansen, J. B. TI Venous thromboembolism and subsequent receipt of disability pension - a population-based prospective cohort study SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Skjeldestad, F. E.; Braekkan, S. K.; Hansen, J. B.] Univ Tromso, Tromso, Norway. [Grosse, S. D.; Okoroh, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cannegieter, S. C.] Leiden Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Leiden, Netherlands. [Naess, I. A.] Univ Trondheim Hosp, Trondheim, Norway. [Krokstad, S.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Levanger, Norway. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 EI 1538-7836 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 11 SU 2 SI SI BP 442 EP 443 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB5MV UT WOS:000331833602337 ER PT J AU Walsh, C Miller, CH Soucie, M AF Walsh, C. Miller, C. H. Soucie, M. TI Increased mortality risk in US Hemophilia A inhibitor patients SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walsh, C.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Miller, C. H.; Soucie, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 EI 1538-7836 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 11 SU 2 SI SI BP 475 EP 476 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB5MV UT WOS:000331833602415 ER PT J AU Lewis, DA Suchindran, S Beckman, MG Heit, JA Moll, S Philipp, CS Kenney, K De Staercke, C Pyle, M Ortel, TL AF Lewis, D. A. Suchindran, S. Beckman, M. G. Heit, J. A. Moll, S. Philipp, C. S. Kenney, K. De Staercke, C. Pyle, M. Ortel, T. L. TI Whole blood gene expression profiles to distinguish venous thromboembolism phenotypes SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lewis, D. A.; Suchindran, S.; Ortel, T. L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Beckman, M. G.; Kenney, K.; De Staercke, C.; Pyle, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heit, J. A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Moll, S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Philipp, C. S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 EI 1538-7836 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 11 SU 2 SI SI BP 750 EP 751 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB5MV UT WOS:000331833603463 ER PT J AU Bathija, S Walton, SM Lau, DT Galanter, WL Schumock, GT Nutescu, E AF Bathija, S. Walton, S. M. Lau, D. T. Galanter, W. L. Schumock, G. T. Nutescu, E. TI Patient outcomes with anticoagulation therapy after hip and knee replacement: comparison of two models of care SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walton, S. M.; Galanter, W. L.; Schumock, G. T.; Nutescu, E.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Lau, D. T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 EI 1538-7836 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 11 SU 2 SI SI BP 827 EP 827 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AB5MV UT WOS:000331833603648 ER PT J AU Cegielski, JP Griffith, DE McGaha, PK Wolfgang, M Robinson, CB Clark, PA Hassell, WL Robison, VA Walker, KP Wallace, C AF Cegielski, J. Peter Griffith, David E. McGaha, Paul K. Wolfgang, Melanie Robinson, Celia B. Clark, Patricia A. Hassell, Willis L. Robison, Valerie A. Walker, Kerfoot P., Jr. Wallace, Charles TI Eliminating Tuberculosis One Neighborhood at a Time SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; HOSPITALIZATION; HEALTH AB Objectives. We evaluated a strategy for preventing tuberculosis (TB) in communities most affected by it. Methods. In 1996, we mapped reported TB cases (1985-1995) and positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reactors (1993-1995) in Smith County, Texas. We delineated the 2 largest, densest clusters, identifying 2 highest-incidence neighborhoods (180 square blocks, 3153 residents). After extensive community preparation, trained health care workers went door-to-door offering TST to all residents unless contraindicated. TST-positive individuals were escorted to a mobile clinic for radiography, clinical evaluation, and isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT) as indicated. To assess long-term impact, we mapped all TB cases in Smith County during the equivalent time period after the project. Results. Of 2258 eligible individuals, 1291 (57.1%) were tested, 229 (17.7%) were TST positive, and 147 were treated. From 1996 to 2006, there were no TB cases in either project neighborhood, in contrast with the preintervention decade and the continued occurrence of TB in the rest of Smith County. Conclusions. Targeting high-incidence neighborhoods for active, community-based screening and IPT may hasten TB elimination in the United States. C1 [Cegielski, J. Peter; Wolfgang, Melanie; Robison, Valerie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Griffith, David E.; Clark, Patricia A.; Hassell, Willis L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Tyler, TX USA. [McGaha, Paul K.; Robinson, Celia B.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Tyler, TX USA. [Walker, Kerfoot P., Jr.] Smith Cty Publ Hlth Dist, Tyler, TX USA. [Wallace, Charles] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. RP Cegielski, JP (reprint author), CDC, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pcegielski@cdc.gov FU Tuberculosis Innovative Demonstration Project Grant from the Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin FX This project was supported by a Tuberculosis Innovative Demonstration Project Grant from the Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 103 IS 7 BP 1292 EP 1300 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300781 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA3FP UT WOS:000330978600036 PM 23078465 ER PT J AU Durham, MD Buchacz, K Richardson, J Yang, D Wood, K Yangco, B Brooks, JT AF Durham, Marcus D. Buchacz, Kate Richardson, Jim Yang, DerShung Wood, Kathy Yangco, Bienvenido Brooks, John T. CA HOPS Investigators TI Sexual Risk Behavior and Viremia Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the HIV Outpatient Study, United States, 2007-2010 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; risk behavior; unprotected sex; viremia; TACASI ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; POSITIVE INDIVIDUALS; TRANSMISSION RISK; INFECTED PERSONS; UNSAFE SEX; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; COHORT; RATES; CARE AB Background: Recent US data on unsafe sexual behaviors among viremic HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) are limited. Method: Using data abstracted from medical records of the participants in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) and a supplemental behavioral survey, we assessed the frequency of high-risk sexual practices among HIV-infected MSM in care and examined the factors associated with risky sexual practices. We also compared the frequency of unprotected anal sex (UAS) with HIV-negative or unknown serostatus partners among viremic (HIV viral load >= 400 copies per milliliter) vs virologically suppressed (HIV viral load <400 copies per milliliter) MSM. Results: Among 902 HIV-infected MSM surveyed, 704 (78%) reported having sex in the past 6 months, of whom 54% reported UAS (37% insertive, 42% receptive) and 40% UAS with a male partner who was HIV-negative or of unknown serostatus (24% insertive, 31% receptive). In multivariable regression with an outcome of engaging in any UAS with a male partner who was HIV-negative or of unknown serostatus, MSM aged <50 years, who reported injection drug use risk, had >= 2 sex partners, and who disclosed their HIV status to some but not to all of their sex partners were more likely to report this practice. Among MSM who reported any UAS, 15% were viremic; frequency of the UAS did not differ between viremic and virologically suppressed MSM. Conclusions: The high frequency of UAS with HIV-negative or unknown-status partners among HIV-infected MSM in care suggests the need for targeted prevention strategies for this population. C1 [Durham, Marcus D.; Buchacz, Kate; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richardson, Jim; Wood, Kathy] Cerner Corp, Infect Dis Insights Populat Hlth Res, Vienna, VA USA. [Yang, DerShung] BrightOutcome, Buffalo Grove, IL USA. [Yangco, Bienvenido] Infect Dis Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA. RP Durham, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mvd8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797, 200-2011-41872] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract nos. 200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797, and 200-2011-41872). NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 3 BP 372 EP 378 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 300FB UT WOS:000330448700026 PM 23422850 ER PT J AU Adimora, AA Ramirez, C Auerbach, JD Aral, SO Hodder, S Wingood, G El-Sadr, W Bukusi, EA AF Adimora, Adaora A. Ramirez, Catalina Auerbach, Judith D. Aral, Sevgi O. Hodder, Sally Wingood, Gina El-Sadr, Wafaa Bukusi, Elizabeth A. CA HIV Prevention Trials Network Wom TI Preventing HIV Infection in Women SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; prevention; women ID FEMALE SEX WORKERS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; INNATE IMMUNITY; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; SOUTH-AFRICA; CONDOM USE; DRUG-USE AB Although the number of new infections has declined recently, women still constitute almost half of the world's 34 million people with HIV infection, and HIV remains the leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Prevention research has made considerable progress during the past few years in addressing the biological, behavioral, and social factors that influence women's vulnerability to HIV infection. Nevertheless, substantial work still must be performed to implement scientific advancements and to resolve many questions that remain. This article highlights some of the recent advances and persistent gaps in HIV prevention research for women and outlines key research and policy priorities. C1 [Adimora, Adaora A.; Ramirez, Catalina] UNC Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Adimora, Adaora A.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Auerbach, Judith D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hodder, Sally] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Wingood, Gina] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [El-Sadr, Wafaa] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Adimora, AA (reprint author), Div Infect Dis, CB 7030,130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM adimora@med.unc.edu FU HIV Prevention Trials Network [UM1 AI068619] FX J.D.A.: has received money as consultant from San Francisco AIDS Foundation, AIDS United, NIH Office of AIDS Research, and Gilead Sciences and has received payment as a speaker from the Columbia University and the University of North Carolina. S. H.: spouse in on the board of directors of Becton Dickson; has received payment as a consultant from Gleiad Sciences, Britol-Myers Squibb, Janssen Therapeutics and Merck; has grants/grants pending with Gilead, Janssen, BMS, and Viiv GSK; through spouse has stock options with Merck and Becton Dickson. C. R.: institution has grants/grants pending with National Institutes of Health. Supported by the HIV Prevention Trials Network through the following award: UM1 AI068619. NR 78 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 63 SU 2 BP S168 EP S173 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 300JD UT WOS:000330459300011 PM 23764631 ER PT J AU Branson, BM Viall, A Marum, E AF Branson, Bernard M. Viall, Abigail Marum, Elizabeth TI Expanding HIV Testing: Back to the Future SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; HIV antibody tests; HIV diagnosis; HIV prevention; policy ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; PREGNANT-WOMEN; HUMAN-RIGHTS; HIGH-RISK; SCALE-UP; INFECTION AB The value of HIV testing has grown in parallel with the development of increasingly effective HIV treatment. Evidence for the substantial reductions in transmission when persons receive antiretroviral therapy creates a new impetus to increase testing and early diagnosis. Models of treatment as prevention-dubbed "test and treat"-give reason for optimism that control and elimination of HIV may now be within reach. This will be possible only with widespread testing, prompt and accurate diagnosis, and universal access to immediate antiviral therapy. Many successful approaches for scaling up testing were pioneered in resource-limited countries before they were adopted by countries in the developed world. The future of HIV testing is changing. Lessons learned from other case-finding initiatives can help chart the course for comparable HIV testing endeavors. C1 [Branson, Bernard M.; Viall, Abigail] Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marum, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Branson, BM (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailsto D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BBranson@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 63 SU 2 BP S117 EP S121 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 300JD UT WOS:000330459300002 PM 23764622 ER PT J AU Justman, J Goldberg, A Reed, J Bock, N Njeuhmeli, E Thomas, AG AF Justman, Jessica Goldberg, Allison Reed, Jason Bock, Naomi Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Thomas, Anne Goldzier TI Adult Male Circumcision: Reflections on Successes and Challenges SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE male circumcision; global scale-up; diffusion of innovation models ID HIV PREVENTION; TRIAL; INFECTION; RISK; MEN AB Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is a cost-effective HIV-prevention intervention that reduces the risk of HIV acquisition in men by 60%. Although some countries are successfully scaling up VMMC, not all are doing this. When VMMC scale-up experiences are viewed in the context of models for the diffusion of innovation, some important themes emerge. Successful VMMC programs have in common locally led campaigns, a cultural tolerance of VMMC, strong political leadership and coordination, and adequate human and material resources. Challenges with VMMC scale-up have been marked by less flexible implementation models that seek a full-integration of VMMC services at public medical facilities and by struggles to achieve geographic parity in access to care. Innovation diffusion models, especially the endogenous technology model, and multiple levels of influence on diffusion-individual males and their sex partners, communities, and health systems-remind us that the adoption of a prevention intervention, such as VMMC, is expected to start out slowly and, as information spreads, gradually speed up. In addition, the diffusion models suggest that customizing approaches to different populations is likely to accelerate VMMC scale-up and help achieve a long-term, sustainable impact on the HIV epidemic. C1 [Justman, Jessica] Columbia Univ, ICAP Columbia, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Justman, Jessica; Goldberg, Allison] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Reed, Jason] Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. [Bock, Naomi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Global Hlth Bur, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Thomas, Anne Goldzier] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Justman, J (reprint author), ICAP Columbia, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 West 168th St,Room 1315, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM jj2158@columbia.edu NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 63 SU 2 BP S140 EP S143 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 300JD UT WOS:000330459300006 PM 23764626 ER PT J AU Mikulski, MA Gerke, AK Lourens, S Czeczok, T Sprince, NL Laney, AS Fuortes, LJ AF Mikulski, Marek A. Gerke, Alicia K. Lourens, Spencer Czeczok, Thomas Sprince, Nancy L. Laney, Anthony S. Fuortes, Laurence J. TI Agreement Between Fixed-Ratio and Lower Limit of Normal Spirometry Interpretation Protocols Decreases With Age Is There a Need for a New GOLD Standard? SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LUNG-FUNCTION; REFERENCE VALUES; RELATIVE WEIGHT; FUNCTION TESTS; RISK; OBESITY; SMOKING; ADULTS; COMPLICATIONS; DIAGNOSIS AB Objectives: To assess concordance between the fixed 70% ratio cutoff point with the fixed percent predicted values (Fixed-ratio) and the lower limit of normal (LLN) algorithms in interpreting spirometry results in an older population. Methods: Spirometries were interpreted using Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reference equations for 2319 workers. Results: The Fixed-ratio algorithm characterized 34.5% (n = 801) results as abnormal, compared with 29.7% (n = 689) by the LLN. There were almost twice as many obstructive and mixed airways spirometries identified under the Fixed-ratio compared to LLN. Rates of restrictive pattern physiology were virtually the same under each algorithm. Overall agreement between the algorithms decreased with age from "almost perfect" for those younger than 60 years to "substantial" for those older than 80 years. Conclusions: This study found age-related discordance between two algorithms possibly related to the lack of reference equations and standards for individuals older than 80 years. C1 [Mikulski, Marek A.; Sprince, Nancy L.; Fuortes, Laurence J.] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Gerke, Alicia K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lourens, Spencer] Univ Iowa, Dept Biostat, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Czeczok, Thomas] Univ Iowa, Roy J & Lucille Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Laney, Anthony S.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Mikulski, MA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, 2213 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM marek-mikulski@uiowa.edu FU DOE [DE-FC01-06EH06020] FX The study was funded by DOE Award No. DE-FC01-06EH06020. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 55 IS 7 BP 802 EP 808 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31828b22cc PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 300ET UT WOS:000330447900013 PM 23787569 ER PT J AU Wang, ML Beeckman-Wagner, LA Wolfe, AL Syamlal, G Petsonk, EL AF Wang, Mei Lin Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann Wolfe, Anita L. Syamlal, Girija Petsonk, Edward L. TI Lung-Function Impairment Among US Underground Coal Miners, 2005 to 2009 Geographic Patterns and Association With Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE MASSIVE FIBROSIS; PREVALENCE RATE RATIOS; CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA; UNITED-STATES; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; CHEST RADIOGRAPHS; FEV1; DECLINES; DUST AB Objective: To investigate contemporary geographic distributions of lung-function impairment and radiographic evidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and their associations. Methods: From 2005 to 2009, 6373 underground coal miners completed a health survey, including spirometry testing and chest radiography. Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis were determined by NIOSH B readers, using the International Labour Office classification. Prevalences of CWP and spirometry less than lower normal limits were mapped by county, and their association assessed. Results: The prevalences of abnormal spirometry results and CWP were 13.1% and 4.0%, respectively. Counties with elevated prevalences for both the outcomes were located in contiguous areas of southeastern Kentucky, western Virginia, southern West Virginia, and eastern Pennsylvania. Prevalence of abnormal spirometry results increases with increasing category of simple CWP and progressive massive fibrosis. Conclusions: Abnormal spirometry in coal miners is associated with CWP; these two health outcomes have similar geographic distributions. C1 [Wang, Mei Lin; Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann; Wolfe, Anita L.; Syamlal, Girija; Petsonk, Edward L.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Wang, ML (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop H-G900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM mlw4@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Funded by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 55 IS 7 BP 846 EP 850 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31828dc985 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 300ET UT WOS:000330447900019 PM 23787575 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Haynes, A Payne, DC Cortese, MM Lopman, BA Patel, MM Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Haynes, Amber Payne, Daniel C. Cortese, Margaret M. Lopman, Benjamin A. Patel, Manish M. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Trends in National Rotavirus Activity Before and After Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine into the National Immunization Program in the United States, 2000 to 2012 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine ID US CHILDREN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; REDUCTION; GASTROENTERITIS; SEASONALITY; DIARRHEA; DECLINE AB Background: Rotavirus vaccine introduction in the United States in 2006 led to substantial declines in rotavirus detections during 2007 to 2010. To further evaluate the long-term impact of the vaccine program, we assessed trends in rotavirus testing and detection in the 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012 seasons compared with prevaccine seasons from 2000 to 2006. Methods: We examined data from July 2000 to June 2012 from 50 to 70 laboratories reporting to the National Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Surveillance System to compare rotavirus season timing and peak activity in the pre-and postvaccine introduction eras. To assess trends in rotavirus testing and detection, we restricted the analyses to 25 laboratories that consistently reported for >= 26 weeks for each season from 2000 to 2012. Results: The threshold for the start of the rotavirus season was never achieved nationally during the 2011 to 2012 season, and the 2010 to 2011 season was 8 weeks shorter in duration than the prevaccine baseline. During these seasons, nationally, the number of positive rotavirus tests declined 74%-90% compared with the prevaccine baseline and the total number of tests performed annually declined 28%-36%. The annual proportion positive at the 25 consistently reporting laboratories remained below 10% in both seasons compared with a prevaccine baseline median of 26%. A pattern of biennial increases in rotavirus activity emerged during the 5 postvaccine seasons from 2007 to 2012, but activity remained substantially below prevaccine levels. Conclusions: A substantial and sustained decline in rotavirus activity below the prevaccine baseline was observed in all 5 postvaccine introduction years, affirming the long-term health benefits of the US rotavirus vaccination program. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Haynes, Amber; Payne, Daniel C.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 32 IS 7 BP 741 EP 744 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31828d639c PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 300QO UT WOS:000330478800016 PM 23426425 ER PT J AU Vaccarino, V Kondwani, KA Kelley, ME Murrah, NV Boyd, L Ahmed, Y Meng, YX Gibbons, GH Hooper, WC De Staercke, C Quyyumi, AA AF Vaccarino, Viola Kondwani, Kofi A. Kelley, Mary E. Murrah, Nancy V. Boyd, Linda Ahmed, Yusuf Meng, Yuan X. Gibbons, Gary H. Hooper, W. Craig De Staercke, Christine Quyyumi, Arshed A. TI Effect of Meditation on Endothelial Function in Black Americans With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Trial SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Endothelium; stress; metabolic syndrome; obesity ID AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; MENTAL STRESS; WHITE ADULTS; TRANSCENDENTAL-MEDITATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK AB Objectives: Psychological stress may play a role in metabolic syndrome. A consequence of metabolic syndrome is endothelial dysfunction, which is also influenced by psychological stress. We sought to compare the effect of consciously resting meditation (CRM), a sound based meditation, with a control intervention of health education (HE) on endothelial function in the setting of metabolic syndrome. Methods: Sixty-eight black Americans with metabolic syndrome risk factors (age, 30-65 years) were randomized to either CRM (n = 33) or HE (n = 35); interventions were matched for frequency and duration of sessions and lasted 12 months. Endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Arterial elasticity, metabolic risk factors, and psychosocial and behavioral variables were secondary end points. Results: Although flow-mediated dilation improved in the CRM group for 12 months, this increase was not significantly higher than that in the HE group (p = .51 for the interaction between group and time). Non-endothelium-dependent dilation and arterial elasticity did not change in either group. Most metabolic syndrome risk factors showed beneficial trends in the CRM group only. A risk factor score counting the number of metabolic syndrome components decreased in the CRM group only (p = .049 for the interaction between treatment group and time). Conclusions: Among black Americans with metabolic syndrome risk factors, CRM, did not improve endothelial function significantly more than a control intervention of HE. CRM resulted in favorable trends in metabolic syndrome risk factors, which were examined as secondary outcomes. C1 [Vaccarino, Viola; Murrah, Nancy V.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kelley, Mary E.] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vaccarino, Viola; Ahmed, Yusuf; Quyyumi, Arshed A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kondwani, Kofi A.; Boyd, Linda; Meng, Yuan X.; Gibbons, Gary H.] Morehouse Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Hooper, W. Craig; De Staercke, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr, Div Hereditary Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vaccarino, V (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Room 3011, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM viola.vaccarino@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01 HL079156, U01 HL79214]; NIH/National Center for Research Resources [M01-RR00039, 5P20RR11104]; NIH [K24HL077506] FX This study was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute U01 HL079156 and U01 HL79214; NIH/National Center for Research Resources Grant M01-RR00039 for the Emory General Clinical Research Center; NIH/National Center for Research Resources 5P20RR11104 for the Morehouse Clinical Research Center; and NIH K24HL077506. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 EI 1534-7796 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 75 IS 6 BP 591 EP 599 DI 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31829ac4f4 PG 9 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 300MS UT WOS:000330468600010 PM 23788695 ER PT J AU Kulshreshtha, A Vaccarino, V Judd, SE Howard, VJ McClellan, WM Muntner, P Hong, YL Safford, MM Goyal, A Cushman, M AF Kulshreshtha, Ambar Vaccarino, Viola Judd, Suzanne E. Howard, Virginia J. McClellan, William M. Muntner, Paul Hong, Yuling Safford, Monika M. Goyal, Abhinav Cushman, Mary TI Life's Simple 7 and Risk of Incident Stroke The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE racial differences; risk factors; stroke ID IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEYS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; US ADULTS; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATIONS; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE AB Background and Purpose-The American Heart Association developed Life's Simple 7 (LS7) as a metric defining cardiovascular health. We investigated the association between LS7 and incident stroke in black and white Americans. Methods-The Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) is a national population-based cohort of 30 239 blacks and whites, aged >= 45 years, sampled from the US population from 2003 to 2007. Data were collected by telephone, self-administered questionnaires, and an in-home examination. Incident strokes were identified through biannual participant contact followed by adjudication of medical records. Levels of the LS7 components (blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, and diet) were each coded as poor (0 point), intermediate (1 point), or ideal (2 points) health. An overall LS7 score was categorized as inadequate (0-4), average (5-9), or optimum (10-14) cardiovascular health. Results-Among 22 914 subjects with LS7 data and no previous cardiovascular disease, there were 432 incident strokes over 4.9 years of follow-up. After adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, and region of residence, each better health category of the LS7 score was associated with a 25% lower risk of stroke (hazard ratios, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.90). The association was similar for blacks and whites (interaction P value=0.55). A 1-point higher LS7 score was associated with an 8% lower risk of stroke (hazard ratios, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-0.95). Conclusions-In both blacks and whites, better cardiovascular health, on the basis of the LS7 score, is associated with lower risk of stroke, and a small difference in scores was an important stroke determinant. C1 [Kulshreshtha, Ambar; Vaccarino, Viola; McClellan, William M.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Goyal, Abhinav] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Judd, Suzanne E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Howard, Virginia J.; Muntner, Paul] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Safford, Monika M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Safford, Monika M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cushman, Mary] Univ Vermont, Dept Med, Burlington, VT USA. RP Cushman, M (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Med, 208 S Pk Dr, Colchester, VT 05446 USA. EM mary.cushman@uvm.edu FU National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Service [U01 NS041588] FX REGARDS is supported by a cooperative agreement U01 NS041588 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Service. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NINDS or the NIH or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A full list of participating REGARDS investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.regardsstudy.org. NR 22 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 EI 1524-4628 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD JUL PY 2013 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1909 EP + DI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.000352 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 301JB UT WOS:000330527500031 PM 23743971 ER PT J AU Introcaso, CE Xu, FJ Kilmarx, PH Zaidi, A Markowitz, LE AF Introcaso, Camille E. Xu, Fujie Kilmarx, Peter H. Zaidi, Akbar Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Prevalence of Circumcision Among Men and Boys Aged 14 to 59 Years in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005-2010 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTION; POLICY STATEMENT; RISK; PREVENTION; TRIAL; SURVEILLANCE; METAANALYSIS; NEWBORN; CANCER; HERPES AB Background: In 2009, an estimated 3590 new heterosexually acquired HIV infections occurred in males in the United States. Three randomized controlled trials demonstrated that male circumcision decreased a man's risk for HIV acquisition through heterosexual sex. We describe circumcision prevalence in US males and determine circumcision prevalence among males potentially at increased risk for heterosexually acquired HIV infection. Methods: We estimated circumcision prevalence among men and boys aged 14 to 59 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2005-2010. We defined men and boys with 2 or more female partners in the last year as potentially at increased risk for heterosexually acquired HIV infection. Results: Estimated circumcision prevalence was 80.5%. Prevalence varied significantly by year of birth, race/ethnicity, health insurance type, and family income. Circumcision prevalence among men and boys reporting 2 or more female partners in the last year was 80.4%, which corresponded to an estimated 3.5 million uncircumcised men and boys potentially at increased risk for heterosexually acquired HIV infection. Of these men and boys, 48.3% lacked health insurance. Conclusions: Circumcision prevalence in the United States differs by demographic group, and half of uncircumcised men and boys potentially at increased risk for heterosexually acquired HIV are uninsured. These data could inform recommendations and cost analyses concerning circumcision in the United States. C1 [Introcaso, Camille E.; Zaidi, Akbar; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kilmarx, Peter H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Introcaso, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Corp Sq Bldg 10,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vie4@cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 40 IS 7 BP 521 EP 525 DI 10.1097/01.OLQ.0000430797.56499.0d PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 297FC UT WOS:000330240000001 PM 23965763 ER PT J AU Buhi, ER Klinkenberger, N McFarlane, M Kachur, R Daley, EM Baldwin, J Blunt, HD Hughes, S Wheldon, CW Rietmeijer, C AF Buhi, Eric R. Klinkenberger, Natalie McFarlane, Mary Kachur, Rachel Daley, Ellen M. Baldwin, Julie Blunt, Heather D. Hughes, Shana Wheldon, Christopher W. Rietmeijer, Cornelis TI Evaluating the Internet as a Sexually Transmitted Disease Risk Environment for Teens: Findings From the Communication, Health, and Teens Study SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SITUATIONAL DISINHIBITION; SEX PARTNERS; YOUNG MEN; HIV-RISK; SEEK SEX; INFECTIONS; BEHAVIORS; ONLINE; WOMEN; PREVALENCE AB Background: Few studies have examined the association between sexual health risks and online sex-seeking among teenagers. The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between meeting sex partners online and a range of sexual risk behaviors and outcomes among adolescents. Methods: Participants aged 13 to 19 years were recruited from a publicly funded teen clinic in Florida. After obtaining informed consent/assent, 273 participants completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview that included questions on demographics, sexual behavior, sexually transmitted disease (STD) history, and online sex-seeking behaviors and experiences. Participants also provided urine samples for chlamydia and gonorrhea testing. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to identify the association between having an online sex partner and sexual behaviors/outcomes. Results: After adjusting for significant bivariate correlates, teens reporting online sex partners were more likely to be male, be multiracial, have a history of same-sex sexual activity, report a higher number of vaginal sex partners, and report a lower age at first vaginal sex. However, teens with online sex partners were no more likely to have ever had an STD or a current biological STD. Conclusions: This study is one of the first to correlate biological STD results to online sexual partnering data in a youth population. Although meeting a sex partner online was not associated with past or current STDs, it was associated with other sexual risk behaviors. Future research is needed to examine the complex nature of online sexual partnering among adolescents and to develop intervention approaches. C1 [Buhi, Eric R.; Daley, Ellen M.; Baldwin, Julie; Blunt, Heather D.; Wheldon, Christopher W.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Klinkenberger, Natalie] Phys Peace, Norfolk, VA USA. [McFarlane, Mary; Kachur, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hughes, Shana] Univ S Florida, Coll Arts & Sci, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Rietmeijer, Cornelis] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Buhi, ER (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, 13201 Bruce B Downs Blvd,MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM ebuhi@health.usf.edu RI Buhi, Eric/C-5106-2011 FU American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association Developmental Award FX Supported by an American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association Developmental Award. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 40 IS 7 BP 528 EP 533 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31829413f7 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 297FC UT WOS:000330240000003 PM 23965765 ER PT J AU Camenga, DR Dunne, EF Desai, MM Gee, J Markowitz, LE DeSiliva, A Klein, NP AF Camenga, Deepa R. Dunne, Eileen F. Desai, Mayur M. Gee, Julianne Markowitz, Lauri E. DeSiliva, Ajit Klein, Nicola P. TI Incidence of Genital Warts in Adolescents and Young Adults in an Integrated Health Care Delivery System in the United States Before Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Recommendations SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HPV VACCINATION; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; IMPACT; WOMEN; MEN; DURATION; EFFICACY; ILLNESS AB Background: Information on genital wart incidence in adolescents and young adults before human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is important for understanding the impact of the vaccine on the epidemiology of this early outcome of HPV infection. Methods: The study population included 11- to 29-year-old enrollees of Northern California Kaiser Permanente between July 1, 2000, and July 1, 2005, before the availability of the HPV vaccine. We identified genital warts with an algorithm combining genital wart-specific International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes (078.10, 078.11, and 078.19) with physician-recorded anatomic locations. We calculated sex-and age-specific incidence rates of genital warts and described the specific anatomic location of presentation, as well as recurrences of genital warts. Results: We identified 1,682 cases of genital warts among 181,264 individuals. The incidence rate was highest among women (6.3/1000 person-years) and men (2.9/1000 person-years) aged 20 to 24 years old. Among women (n = 96,792), 63.4% of the 1240 incident genital wart cases occurred on the vulva and 21.1% on the cervix. Among men (n = 84,472), 91.6% of the 442 incident genital wart cases did not have a specific anatomic location recorded. Most people with an incident genital wart diagnosis (87.2%) did not have a recurrence during the observation period. Conclusions: Our study found that the incidence of genital warts was highest among persons aged 20 to 24 years using a unique method to identify the location of the wart. Information on incidence of genital warts before vaccine use provides baseline data that can be used to measure HPV vaccine impact. C1 [Camenga, Deepa R.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Desai, Mayur M.] Yale Univ, Dept Chron Dis Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Desai, Mayur M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Robert Wood Johnson Fdn Clin Scholars Program, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gee, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeSiliva, Ajit; Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. RP Camenga, DR (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, POB 208064, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM deepa.camenga@yale.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through America's Health Insurance Plans [200-2002-00732]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through America's Health Insurance Plans (Contract No. 200-2002-00732) and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 40 IS 7 BP 534 EP 538 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182953ce0 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 297FC UT WOS:000330240000004 PM 23965766 ER PT J AU Murray, EL Samuel, MC Brodsky, J Akiba, CF King, C Li, M Wollesen, M Gonzales, PE Watt, JP Bolan, G AF Murray, Erin L. Samuel, Michael C. Brodsky, Jennifer Akiba, Christopher F. King, Courtney Li, Michael Wollesen, Miriam Gonzales, Patricia E. Watt, James P. Bolan, Gail TI Neisseria gonorrhoeae Outbreak: Unintended Consequences of Electronic Medical Records and Using an Out-of-State Laboratory-California, July 2009-February 2010 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Twenty of 37 gonorrhea cases identified during an outbreak were diagnosed at one health care organization that used an out-of-state laboratory. The results were transmitted into electronic medical records without provider notification. Delays in treatment and reporting were identified. Systems should be implemented to ensure provider notification of electronic laboratory results. C1 [Murray, Erin L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murray, Erin L.; Samuel, Michael C.; Brodsky, Jennifer; Akiba, Christopher F.; King, Courtney; Li, Michael; Wollesen, Miriam; Gonzales, Patricia E.; Bolan, Gail] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sexually Transmitted Dis Control Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Watt, James P.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. RP Murray, EL (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Immunizat Branch, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM Erin.Murray@cdph.ca.gov FU California Department of Public Health FX Supported by the California Department of Public Health. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 40 IS 7 BP 556 EP 558 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182927c8c PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 297FC UT WOS:000330240000008 PM 23965770 ER PT J AU Cui, WJ Zack, MM AF Cui, Wanjun Zack, Matthew M. TI Trends in Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adolescents in the United States, 2001-2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures are often used to track changes in population health, mostly among adults. Prompted by the recent US recession, we assessed trends in adolescent HRQOL by using cross-sectional data from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adolescents' self-rated health and reported mental health declined significantly, especially among those in low-income families, but their physical health and activity limitation did not change. Because these HRQOL declines occurred at the end of the decade and especially among adolescents from low-income families, we conclude that these declines are consistent with recession effects and warrant further study. C1 [Cui, Wanjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cui, WJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wtd9@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship program FX The project was undertaken while Dr Cui was under contract with CDC through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship program. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 120334 DI 10.5888/pcd10.1203346 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 285KF UT WOS:000329392200003 ER PT J AU Monroe, JA Thomas, C AF Monroe, Judith A. Thomas, Craig TI Improving Public Health Agency and System Performance: Fortification for Promoting Population Health and Wellness SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Monroe, Judith A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Thomas, Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Performance Improvement, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Thomas, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Performance Improvement, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, 1825 Century Ctr MS E70, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cht2@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 130202 DI 10.5888/pcd10.130202 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 285KF UT WOS:000329392200014 ER PT J AU Will, JC Valderrama, AL Yoon, PW AF Will, Julie C. Valderrama, Amy L. Yoon, Paula W. TI Preventable Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits for Angina, United States, 1995-2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; GUIDELINES; UPDATE; TRENDS; RATES AB Introduction Preventable hospitalizations for angina have been decreasing since the late 1980s most likely because of changes in guidance, physician coding practices, and reimbursement. We asked whether this national decline has continued and whether preventable emergency department visits for angina show a similar decline. Methods We used National Hospital Discharge Survey data from 1995 through 2010 and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data from 1995 through 2009 to study preventable hospitalizations and emergency department visits, respectively. We calculated both crude and standardized rates for these visits according to technical specifications published by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, which uses population estimates from the US Census Bureau as the denominator for the rates. Results Crude hospitalization rates for angina declined from 1995-1998 to 2007-2010 for men and women in all 3 age groups (18-44, 45-64, and >= 65) and age- and sex-standardized rates declined in a linear fashion (P = .02). Crude rates for preventable emergency department visits for angina declined for men and women aged 65 or older from 1995-1998 to 2007-2009. Age- and sex-standardized rates for these visits showed a linear decline (P = .05). Conclusion We extend previous research by showing that preventable hospitalization rates for angina have continued to decline beyond the time studied previously. We also show that emergency department visits for the same condition have also declined during the past 15 years. Although these declines are probably due to changes in diagnostic practices in the hospitals and emergency departments, more studies are needed to fully understand the reasons behind this phenomenon. C1 [Will, Julie C.; Valderrama, Amy L.; Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Will, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jxw6@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 10 AR UNSP 120322 DI 10.5888/pcd10.120322 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 285KF UT WOS:000329392200018 ER PT J AU Tack, DM Karem, KL Montgomery, JR Collins, L Bryant-Genevier, MG Tiernan, R Cano, M Lewis, P Engler, RJM Damon, IK Reynolds, MG AF Tack, Danielle M. Karem, Kevin L. Montgomery, Jay R. Collins, Limone Bryant-Genevier, Marthe G. Tiernan, Rosemary Cano, Maria Lewis, Paige Engler, Renata J. M. Damon, Inger K. Reynolds, Mary G. TI Unintentional transfer of vaccinia virus associated with smallpox vaccines ACAM2000 (R) compared with Dryvax (R) SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd National Immunisation Conference for Health Care Workers (NIC) CY DEC 07, 2012 CL Manchester, ENGLAND DE smallpox vaccine; adverse events; autoinoculation; contact vaccinia; vaccinia virus; Orthopoxvirus ID UNITED-STATES 1963; CONTACT TRANSMISSION; OCULAR VACCINIA; NAIVE ADULTS; VACCINATION; COMPLICATIONS; SAFETY; INOCULATION; INFECTION; MONKEYPOX AB Background: Routine vaccination against smallpox (variola) ceased in the US in 1976. However, in 2002 limited coverage for military personnel and some healthcare workers was reinstituted. In March 2008, ACAM2000 (R) replaced Dryvax (R) as the vaccine used in the United States against smallpox. Unintentional transfer of vaccinia virus from a vaccination site by autoinoculation or contact transmission, can have significant public health implications. We summarize unintentional virus transfer AEs associated with ACAM2000 (R) since March 2008 and compare with Dryvax (R). Results: We identified 309 reports for ACAM2000 (R) with skin or ocular involvement, of which 93 were autoinoculation cases and 20 were contact transmission cases. The rate for reported cases of autoinoculation was 20.6 per 100,000 vaccinations and for contact transmission was 4.4 per 100,000 vaccinations. Eighteen contact transmission cases could be attributed to contact during a sporting activity (45%) or intimate contact (45%). Of the 113 unintentional transfer cases, 6 met the case definition for ocular vaccinia. The most common locations for all autoinoculation and contact cases were arm/elbow/shoulder (35/113; 31%) and face (24/113; 21%). Methods: We reviewed 753 reports associated with smallpox in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System and CDC Poxvirus consultation log, reported from March 2008 to August 2010. Reports were classified into categories based upon standard case definitions. Conclusion: Overall, unintentional transfer events for ACAM2000 (R) and Dryvax (R) are similar. We recommend continued efforts to prevent transfer events and continuing education for healthcare providers focused on recognition of vaccinia lesions, proper sample collection, and laboratory testing to confirm diagnosis. C1 [Tack, Danielle M.; Karem, Kevin L.; Damon, Inger K.; Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tack, Danielle M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montgomery, Jay R.; Collins, Limone; Engler, Renata J. M.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, Bethesda, MD USA. [Bryant-Genevier, Marthe G.; Tiernan, Rosemary] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Cano, Maria; Lewis, Paige] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reynolds, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nzr6@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1489 EP 1496 DI 10.4161/hv.24319 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 273YR UT WOS:000328572700024 PM 23571177 ER PT J AU Kalman, LV Lubin, IM Barker, S du Sart, D Elles, R Grody, WW Pazzagli, M Richards, S Schrijver, I Zehnbauer, B AF Kalman, Lisa V. Lubin, Ira M. Barker, Shannon du Sart, Desiree Elles, Rob Grody, Wayne W. Pazzagli, Mario Richards, Sue Schrijver, Iris Zehnbauer, Barbara TI Current Landscape and New Paradigms of Proficiency Testing and External Quality Assessment for Molecular Genetics SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID REAL-TIME PCR; ASSESSMENT SCHEME; CALIBRATION VERIFICATION; LABORATORY PERFORMANCE; 5-YEAR SURVEY; GENOMIC DNA; X-SYNDROME; ASSURANCE; EXPERIENCE; PROGRAM AB Context.-Participation in proficiency testing (PT) or external quality assessment (EQA) programs allows the assessment and comparison of test performance among different clinical laboratories and technologies. In addition to the approximately 2300 tests for individual genetic disorders, recent advances in technology have enabled the development of clinical tests that quickly and economically analyze the entire human genome. New PT/EQA approaches are needed to ensure the continued quality of these complex tests. Objectives.-To review the availability and scope of PT/EQA for molecular genetic testing for inherited conditions in Europe, Australasia, and the United States; to evaluate the successes and demonstrated value of available PT/EQA programs; and to examine the challenges to the provision of comprehensive PT/EQA posed by new laboratory practices and methodologies. Data Sources.-The available literature on this topic was reviewed and supplemented with personal experiences of several PT/EQA providers. Conclusions.-Proficiency testing/EQA schemes are available for common genetic disorders tested in many clinical laboratories but are not available for most genetic tests offered by only one or a few laboratories. Provision of broad, method-based PT schemes, such as DNA sequencing, would allow assessment of many tests for which formal PT is not currently available. Participation in PT/EQA improves the quality of testing by identifying inaccuracies that laboratories can trace to errors in their testing processes. Areas of research and development to ensure that PT/EQA programs can meet the needs of new and evolving genetic tests and technologies are identified and discussed. C1 [Kalman, Lisa V.; Lubin, Ira M.; Barker, Shannon; Zehnbauer, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barker, Shannon] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [du Sart, Desiree] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Victorian Clin Genet Serv, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Elles, Rob] St Marys Hosp, Manchester Acad Hlth Sci Ctr, Manchester M13 0JH, Lancs, England. [Grody, Wayne W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Grody, Wayne W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Grody, Wayne W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Pazzagli, Mario] Univ Florence, Dept Clin Physiopathol, Florence, Italy. [Richards, Sue] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Schrijver, Iris] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Schrijver, Iris] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Kalman, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LKalman@cdc.gov OI Pazzagli, Mario/0000-0003-3673-691X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 68 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 EI 1543-2165 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 137 IS 7 BP 983 EP 998 DI 10.5858/arpa.2012-0311-RA PG 16 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 269QT UT WOS:000328257700018 PM 23808472 ER PT J AU Katz, LS Petkau, A Beaulaurier, J Tyler, S Antonova, ES Turnsek, MA Guo, Y Wang, S Paxinos, EE Orata, F Gladney, LM Stroika, S Folster, JP Rowe, L Freeman, MM Knox, N Frace, M Boncy, J Graham, M Hammer, BK Boucher, Y Bashir, A Hanage, WP Van Domselaar, G Tarr, CL AF Katz, Lee S. Petkau, Aaron Beaulaurier, John Tyler, Shaun Antonova, Elena S. Turnsek, Maryann A. Guo, Yan Wang, Susana Paxinos, Ellen E. Orata, Fabini Gladney, Lori M. Stroika, Steven Folster, Jason P. Rowe, Lori Freeman, Molly M. Knox, Natalie Frace, Mike Boncy, Jacques Graham, Morag Hammer, Brian K. Boucher, Yan Bashir, Ali Hanage, William P. Van Domselaar, Gary Tarr, Cheryl L. TI Evolutionary Dynamics of Vibrio cholerae O1 following a Single-Source Introduction to Haiti SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID MOLECULE SEQUENCING READS; EL-TOR BIOTYPE; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NATURAL COMPETENCE; GENE-TRANSFER; STRAIN; OUTBREAK; TOXIN; ALGORITHMS AB Prior to the epidemic that emerged in Haiti in October of 2010, cholera had not been documented in this country. After its introduction, a strain of Vibrio cholerae O1 spread rapidly throughout Haiti, where it caused over 600,000 cases of disease and >7,500 deaths in the first two years of the epidemic. We applied whole-genome sequencing to a temporal series of V. cholerae isolates from Haiti to gain insight into the mode and tempo of evolution in this isolated population of V. cholerae O1. Phylogenetic and Bayesian analyses supported the hypothesis that all isolates in the sample set diverged from a common ancestor within a time frame that is consistent with epidemiological observations. A pangenome analysis showed nearly homogeneous genomic content, with no evidence of gene acquisition among Haiti isolates. Nine nearly closed genomes assembled from continuous-long-read data showed evidence of genome rearrangements and supported the observation of no gene acquisition among isolates. Thus, intrinsic mutational processes can account for virtually all of the observed genetic polymorphism, with no demonstrable contribution from horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Consistent with this, the 12 Haiti isolates tested by laboratory HGT assays were severely impaired for transformation, although unlike previously characterized noncompetent V. cholerae isolates, each expressed hapR and possessed a functional quorum-sensing system. Continued monitoring of V. cholerae in Haiti will illuminate the processes influencing the origin and fate of genome variants, which will facilitate interpretation of genetic variation in future epidemics. IMPORTANCE Vibrio cholerae is the cause of substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, with over three million cases of disease each year. An understanding of the mode and rate of evolutionary change is critical for proper interpretation of genome sequence data and attribution of outbreak sources. The Haiti epidemic provides an unprecedented opportunity to study an isolated, single-source outbreak of Vibrio cholerae O1 over an established time frame. By using multiple approaches to assay genetic variation, we found no evidence that the Haiti strain has acquired any genes by horizontal gene transfer, an observation that led us to discover that it is also poorly transformable. We have found no evidence that environmental strains have played a role in the evolution of the outbreak strain. C1 [Katz, Lee S.; Turnsek, Maryann A.; Gladney, Lori M.; Stroika, Steven; Folster, Jason P.; Rowe, Lori; Freeman, Molly M.; Frace, Mike; Tarr, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Petkau, Aaron; Tyler, Shaun; Knox, Natalie; Graham, Morag; Van Domselaar, Gary] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Beaulaurier, John; Bashir, Ali] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY USA. [Antonova, Elena S.; Hammer, Brian K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Guo, Yan; Wang, Susana; Paxinos, Ellen E.] Pacific Biosci, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Orata, Fabini; Boucher, Yan] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Boncy, Jacques] Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Hanage, William P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Tarr, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ctarr@cdc.gov OI /0000-0002-6814-5869 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [U54GM088558]; Canadian Institutes for Advanced Research (CIfAR) Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity; National Science Foundation [MCB-1149925] FX W. P. H. was supported by grant U54GM088558 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Y.B. and F.O. were supported by the Canadian Institutes for Advanced Research (CIfAR) Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity. B. K. H. and E. S. A. were supported by the National Science Foundation (MCB-1149925). NR 44 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 4 IS 4 AR e00398-13 DI 10.1128/mBio.00398-13 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 250UK UT WOS:000326881100027 ER PT J AU Simeone, RM Rasmussen, SA Mei, JV Dollard, SC Frias, JL Shaw, GM Canfield, MA Meyer, RE Jones, JL Lorey, F Honein, MA AF Simeone, Regina M. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Mei, Joanne V. Dollard, Sheila C. Frias, Jaime L. Shaw, Gary M. Canfield, Mark A. Meyer, Robert E. Jones, Jeffrey L. Lorey, Fred Honein, Margaret A. TI A Pilot Study Using Residual Newborn Dried Blood Spots to Assess the Potential Role of Cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii in the Etiology of Congenital Hydrocephalus SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE newborn dried blood spots; hydrocephalus; congenital infections; cytomegalovirus; Toxoplasma gondii ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; FILTER-PAPER; INFECTION; DNA; PREGNANCY; DIAGNOSIS; STORAGE; CMV; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB BackgroundCongenital hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. Prenatal infections are risk factors for some birth defects. This pilot study investigated whether residual dried blood spots (DBS) could be used to assess infections as risk factors for birth defects by examining the associations between prenatal infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) with congenital hydrocephalus. MethodsCase-infants with hydrocephalus (N=410) were identified among live-born infants using birth defects surveillance systems in California, North Carolina, and Texas. Control-infants without birth defects were randomly selected from the same geographic areas and time periods as case-infants (N=448). We tested residual DBS from case- and control-infants for T. gondii immunoglobulin M and CMV DNA. When possible, we calculated crude odds ratios (cORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). ResultsEvidence for prenatal T. gondii infection was more common among case-infants (1.2%) than control-infants (0%; p=0.11), and evidence for prenatal CMV infection was higher among case-infants (1.5%) than control-infants (0.7%; cOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 0.48, 13.99). ConclusionsPrenatal infections with T. gondii and CMV occurred more often among infants with congenital hydrocephalus than control-infants, although differences were not statistically significant. This pilot study highlighted some challenges in using DBS to examine associations between certain infections and birth defects, particularly related to reduced sensitivity and specimen storage conditions. Further study with increased numbers of specimens and higher quality specimens should be considered to understand better the contribution of these infections to the occurrence of congenital hydrocephalus. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:431-436, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Simeone, Regina M.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Frias, Jaime L.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Simeone, Regina M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Mei, Joanne V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Frias, Jaime L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Meyer, Robert E.] North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, State Ctr Hlth Stat, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Raleigh, NC USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lorey, Fred] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Genet Dis Branch, Richmond, CA USA. RP Simeone, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rsimeone@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [6U01DD000489] FX Supported by a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant (6U01DD000489). This research (RS) was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 97 IS 7 BP 431 EP 436 DI 10.1002/bdra.23138 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 244OC UT WOS:000326397800001 PM 23716471 ER PT J AU Lind, JN Tinker, SC Broussard, CS Reefhuis, J Carmichael, SL Honein, MA Olney, RS Parker, SE Werler, MM AF Lind, Jennifer N. Tinker, Sarah C. Broussard, Cheryl S. Reefhuis, Jennita Carmichael, Suzan L. Honein, Margaret A. Olney, Richard S. Parker, Samantha E. Werler, Martha M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Maternal medication and herbal use and risk for hypospadias: data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2007 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE medication; herbal; pregnancy; hypospadias; birth defects; drug safety; pharmacoepidemiology ID OVER-THE-COUNTER; CLOMIPHENE CITRATE; EARLY-PREGNANCY; WEIGHT; DYSMORPHOLOGY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; VENLAFAXINE; POPULATION; INDUCTION AB Purpose To investigate associations between maternal use of common medications and herbals during early pregnancy and risk for hypospadias in male infants. Methods We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multi-site, population-based, case-control study. We analyzed data from 1537 infants with second-degree or third-degree isolated hypospadias and 4314 live-born male control infants without major birth defects, with estimated dates of delivery from 1997 to 2007. Exposure was reported use of prescription or over-the-counter medications or herbal products, from 1month before to 4months after conception. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, pre-pregnancy body mass index, previous live births, maternal subfertility, study site, and year. Results We assessed 64 medication and 24 herbal components. Maternal uses of most components were not associated with an increased risk of hypospadias. A new associations was observed for venlafaxine (aOR 2.4; 95%CI 1.0, 6.0) [Correction made here after initial online publication.]. The previously reported association for clomiphene citrate was confirmed (aOR 1.9; 95%CI 1.2, 3.0). Numbers were relatively small for exposure to other specific patterns of fertility agents, but elevated aORs were observed for the most common of them. Conclusions Overall, findings were reassuring that hypospadias is not associated with most medication components examined in this analysis. New associations will need to be confirmed in other studies. Increased risks for hypospadias associated with various fertility agents raise the possibility of confounding by underlying subfertility. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lind, Jennifer N.; Tinker, Sarah C.; Broussard, Cheryl S.; Reefhuis, Jennita; Honein, Margaret A.; Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Carmichael, Suzan L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Parker, Samantha E.; Werler, Martha M.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Tinker, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mail Stop E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zzu9@cdc.gov OI Werler, Martha/0000-0003-3392-6814; /0000-0002-7193-077X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001]; NIH [RO1 ES017060] FX This work was supported through cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081, and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Support was also received from NIH RO1 ES017060. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 22 IS 7 BP 783 EP 793 DI 10.1002/pds.3448 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 237KF UT WOS:000325867800013 PM 23620412 ER PT J AU Hwang, SS Barfield, WD Smith, RA Morrow, B Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Prince, CB Smith, VC McCormick, MC AF Hwang, Sunah S. Barfield, Wanda D. Smith, Ruben A. Morrow, Brian Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Prince, Cheryl B. Smith, Vincent C. McCormick, Marie C. TI Discharge Timing, Outpatient Follow-up, and Home Care of Late-Preterm and Early-Term Infants SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE late-preterm infant; early-term infant; discharge; outpatient follow-up; breastfeeding; maternal smoking; SIDS ID UNITED-STATES; RISK; OUTCOMES; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NEWBORNS; DELIVERY; AGE; PERIOD; DEATH AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the timing of hospital discharge, time to outpatient follow-up, and home care practices (breastfeeding initiation and continuation, tobacco smoke exposure, supine sleep position) for late-preterm (LPT; 34 0/7-36 6/7 weeks) and earlyterm (ET; 37 0/7-38/6/7 weeks) infants with term infants. METHODS: We analyzed 2000-2008 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. chi(2) Analyses were used to measure differences in maternal and infant characteristics, hospital discharge, outpatient care, and home care among LPT, ET, and term infants. We calculated adjusted risk ratios for the risk of adverse care outcomes among LPT and ET infants compared with term infants. RESULTS: In the adjusted analysis, LPT infants were less likely to be discharged early compared with term infants, whereas there was no difference for ET infants (odds ratio [OR; 95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.65 [0.54-0.79]; 0.95 [0.88-1.02]). LPT and ET infants were more likely to have timely outpatient follow-up (1.07 [1.06-1.08]; 1.02 [1.02-1.03]), more likely to experience maternal tobacco smoke exposure (1.09 [1.05-1.14]; 1.08 [1.06-1.11]), less likely to be initially breastfed (0.95 [0.94-0.97]; 0.98 [0.97-0.98]), less likely to be breastfed for >= 10 weeks (0.88 [0.86-0.90]; 0.94 [0.93-0.96]), and less likely to be placed in a supine sleep position (0.95 [0.93-0.97]; 0.97 [0.96-0.98]). CONCLUSIONS: Given that LPT and ET infants bear an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, greater efforts are needed to ensure safe and healthy posthospitalization and home care practices for these vulnerable infants. C1 [Hwang, Sunah S.; Smith, Vincent C.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Newborn Med, Boston, MA USA. [Hwang, Sunah S.] South Shore Hosp, Div Neonatol, Weymouth, MA 02190 USA. [Hwang, Sunah S.; Smith, Vincent C.; McCormick, Marie C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barfield, Wanda D.; Smith, Ruben A.; Morrow, Brian; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Prince, Cheryl B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Vincent C.; McCormick, Marie C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [McCormick, Marie C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Hwang, SS (reprint author), South Shore Hosp, Div Neonatol, 55 Fogg Rd, Weymouth, MA 02190 USA. EM sunah.hwang@childrens.harvard.edu OI McCormmick, Marie/0000-0002-3938-1707 NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 132 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-3892 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 197HW UT WOS:000322841900051 PM 23733794 ER PT J AU Cortese, MM Immergluck, LC Held, M Jain, S Chan, T Grizas, AP Khizer, S Barrett, C Quaye, O Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Gautam, R Bowen, MD Moore, J Tate, JE Parashar, UD Vazquez, M AF Cortese, Margaret M. Immergluck, Lilly Cheng Held, Melissa Jain, Shabnam Chan, Trisha Grizas, Alexandra P. Khizer, Saadia Barrett, Carol Quaye, Osbourne Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Gautam, Rashi Bowen, Michael D. Moore, Jessica Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. Vazquez, Marietta TI Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; vaccine effectiveness; rotavirus; immunization; gastroenteritis; diarrhea ID IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTING HOSPITALIZATION; RISK-FACTORS; US CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; INFANTS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB OBJECTIVE: Previous US evaluations have not assessed monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1, a G1P[8] human rotavirus strain) effectiveness, because of its later introduction (2008). Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose RV1 and 3-dose pentavalent vaccine (RV5) series against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care. METHODS: Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to 1 of 5 hospitals (3 in Georgia, 2 in Connecticut) with diarrhea of <= 10 days' duration during January through June 2010 or 2011, and were born after RV1 introduction. Stools were collected; immunization records were obtained from providers and state electronic immunization information system (IIS). Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigen-positive) were compared with 2 control groups: children testing rotavirus negative and children selected from IIS. RESULTS: Overall, 165 rotavirus-case subjects and 428 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Using the rotavirus-negative controls, RV1 VE was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80 to 95) and RV5 VE was 92% (CI 75 to 97) among children aged >= 8 months. The RV1 VE against G2P[4] disease was high (94%, CI 78 to 98), as was that against G1P[8] disease (89%, CI 70 to 96). RV1 effectiveness was sustained among children aged 12 through 23 months (VE 91%; CI 75 to 96). VE point estimates using IIS controls were similar to those using rotavirus-negative controls. CONCLUSIONS: RV1 and RV5 were both highly effective against severe rotavirus disease. RV1 conferred sustained protection during the first 2 years of life and demonstrated high effectiveness against G2P[4] (heterotypic) disease. C1 [Cortese, Margaret M.; Quaye, Osbourne; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Gautam, Rashi; Bowen, Michael D.; Moore, Jessica; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Jain, Shabnam; Khizer, Saadia] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng; Chan, Trisha] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Held, Melissa; Barrett, Carol] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Hartford, CT USA. [Jain, Shabnam] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grizas, Alexandra P.; Vazquez, Marietta] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Cortese, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcortese@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program [U01CI0000307-05, U0I000312]; National Center for Advancing Translations Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Research and Education Career Development Program [8R25MD007589-10] FX This work was funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program Grants U01CI0000307-05 and U0I000312. Dr Immergluck received general funding support from the National Center for Advancing Translations Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Research and Education Career Development Program, Grant 8R25MD007589-10. NR 29 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 132 IS 1 BP E25 EP E33 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-3804 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 197HW UT WOS:000322841900004 PM 23776114 ER PT J AU Mathes, EF Oza, V Frieden, IJ Cordoro, KM Yagi, S Howard, R Kristal, L Ginocchio, CC Schaffer, J Maguiness, S Bayliss, S Lara-Corrales, I Garcia-Romero, MT Kelly, D Salas, M Oberste, MS Nix, WA Glaser, C Antaya, R AF Mathes, Erin F. Oza, Vikash Frieden, Ilona J. Cordoro, Kelly M. Yagi, Shigeo Howard, Renee Kristal, Leonard Ginocchio, Christine C. Schaffer, Julie Maguiness, Sheilagh Bayliss, Susan Lara-Corrales, Irene Garcia-Romero, Maria Teresa Kelly, Dan Salas, Maria Oberste, M. Steven Nix, W. Allan Glaser, Carol Antaya, Richard TI "Eczema Coxsackium" and Unusual Cutaneous Findings in an Enterovirus Outbreak SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE hand; foot; and mouth disease; coxsackievirus; atopic dermatitis; exanthem ID MOUTH-DISEASE OUTBREAK; NAIL MATRIX ARREST; HAND-FOOT; VIRAL EXANTHEMS; 71 INFECTION; A6; ONYCHOMADESIS; CHILDREN; TAIWAN; CIRCULATION AB OBJECTIVE: To characterize the atypical cutaneous presentations in the coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6)-associated North American enterovirus outbreak of 2011-2012. METHODS: We performed a retrospective case series of pediatric patients who presented with atypical cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) from July 2011 to June 2012 at 7 academic pediatric dermatology centers. Patients were included if they tested positive for CVA6 or if they met clinical criteria for atypical HFMD (an enanthem or exanthem characteristic of HFMD with unusual morphology or extent of cutaneous findings). We collected demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical data including history of skin conditions, morphology and extent of exanthem, systemic symptoms, and diagnostic test results. RESULTS: Eighty patients were included in this study (median age 1.5 years, range 4 months-16 years). Seventeen patients were CVA6-positive, and 63 met clinical inclusion criteria. Ninety-nine percent of patients exhibited a vesiculobullous and erosive eruption; 61% of patients had rash involving >10% body surface area. The exanthem had a perioral, extremity, and truncal distribution in addition to involving classic HFMD areas such as palms, soles, and buttocks. In 55% of patients, the eruption was accentuated in areas of eczematous dermatitis, termed "eczema coxsackium." Other morphologies included Gianotti-Crosti-like (37%), petechial/purpuric (17%) eruptions, and delayed onychomadesis and palm and sole desquamation. There were no patients with serious systemic complications. CONCLUSIONS: The CVA6-associated enterovirus outbreak was responsible for an exanthem potentially more widespread, severe, and varied than classic HFMD that could be confused with bullous impetigo, eczema herpeticum, vasculitis, and primary immunobullous disease. C1 [Mathes, Erin F.; Oza, Vikash; Frieden, Ilona J.; Cordoro, Kelly M.; Howard, Renee] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Mathes, Erin F.; Frieden, Ilona J.; Cordoro, Kelly M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Yagi, Shigeo; Salas, Maria] Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Kristal, Leonard] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Dermatol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Yagi, Shigeo; Ginocchio, Christine C.; Glaser, Carol] North Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst Labs, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, New York, NY USA. [Schaffer, Julie] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY USA. [Schaffer, Julie] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Maguiness, Sheilagh] Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Pediatr Dermatol, Boston, MA USA. [Bayliss, Susan] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Dermatol, St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. [Bayliss, Susan] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat, St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. [Bayliss, Susan] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Garcia-Romero, Maria Teresa] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Pediat, Div Dermatol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Lara-Corrales, Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Antaya, Richard] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Mathes, EF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Dermatol, 1701 Divisadero St,Box 0316, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM mathese@derm.ucsf.edu OI garcia-romero, maria teresa/0000-0002-1408-8109; Frieden, Ilona/0000-0001-7305-5940 FU National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through University of California, San Francisco-Clinical and Transitional Science Institute [UL1 TR000004] FX The data analysis for this publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through University of California, San Francisco-Clinical and Transitional Science Institute grant UL1 TR000004. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. No additional external funding was secured for this study. NR 38 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 132 IS 1 BP E149 EP E157 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-3175 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 197HW UT WOS:000322841900019 PM 23776120 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Mendoza, C Kotelchuck, M Barfield, W Davin, CA Diop, H Silver, M Manning, SE AF Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie Kotelchuck, Milton Barfield, Wanda Davin, Carol A. Diop, Hafsatou Silver, Michael Manning, Susan E. TI Enrollment in Early Intervention Programs Among Infants Born Late Preterm, Early Term, and Term SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE late preterm; early intervention; developmental outcomes; developmental disabilities; prematurity; gestational age; postnatal development; follow-up studies ID POSTNATAL GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; GESTATIONAL-AGE; UNITED-STATES; PREMATURE-INFANTS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; OUTCOMES; MORTALITY; RISK; MORBIDITY; RATES AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of and characteristics associated with early intervention (EI) program enrollment among infants born late preterm (34-36 weeks' gestation), early term (37-38 weeks' gestation), and term (39-41 weeks' gestation). METHODS: A Massachusetts cohort of 554 974 singleton infants born during 1998 through 2005 and survived the neonatal period was followed until the third birthday of each infant. Data came from the Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal Data System that linked birth certificates, birth hospital discharge reports, death certificates, and EI program enrollment records. We calculated prevalence and adjusted risk ratios to compare differences and understand associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of EI program enrollment increased with each decreasing week of gestation before 41 weeks (late preterm [23.5%], early term [14.9%], and term [11.9%]. In adjusted analyses, the strongest predictors of EI enrollment (adjusted risk ratio >= 1.20) for all gestational age groups were male gender, having a congenital anomaly, and having mothers who were >= 40 years old, nonhigh school graduates, and recipients of public insurance. CONCLUSIONS: Infants born late preterm and early term have higher prevalence of EI program services enrollment than infants born at term, and may benefit from more frequent monitoring for developmental delays or disabilities. C1 [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie; Barfield, Wanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Davin, Carol A.; Diop, Hafsatou; Silver, Michael; Manning, Susan E.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Kotelchuck, Milton] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Kotelchuck, Milton] MassGen Hosp Children, Boston, MA USA. RP Shapiro-Mendoza, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, MS K-23,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ayn9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2009-31671] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 200-2009-31671, "Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal Data System (PELL)." NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2013 VL 132 IS 1 BP E61 EP E69 DI 10.1542/peds.2012-3121 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 197HW UT WOS:000322841900008 PM 23796745 ER PT J AU Coulibaly, D Nzussouo, NT Kadjo, HA Traore, Y Ekra, DK Cherif, D Kouassi, PD N'gattia, AK Dagnan, SN AF Coulibaly, Daouda Nzussouo, Ndahwouh Talla Kadjo, Herve A. Traore, Youssouf Ekra, Daniel K. Cherif, Djibril Kouassi, Paquin D. N'gattia, Anderson K. Dagnan, Simplice N. TI Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) in Cote d'Ivoire: health-care providers' knowledge of influenza and attitudes towards vaccination SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE health-care providers; influenza; pandemic vaccination ID WORKERS; ACCEPTANCE; PHASE; A/H1N1; IMPACT AB Introduction: During the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic (pH1N1), different methods were promoted to reduce the spread of influenza, including respiratory etiquette and vaccination. To identify knowledge gaps about influenza and to plan the vaccination campaign against the pandemic in Cote d'Ivoire, a survey was conducted among health-care providers (HCPs) to assess their knowledge about influenza and their willingness to be vaccinated. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was performed in the city of Abidjan on 16-18 February 2010, in the three university teaching hospitals, a randomly selected general hospital, and two randomly selected private clinics. In face-to-face interviews, 383 health-care professionals were asked questions about their knowledge of influenza, means of influenza prevention, and their willingness to be vaccinated. Data analysis, both univariate and multivariate, was performed using SPSS. Results: Willingness to be vaccinated against pH1N1 was 80% (n = 284), and 83% of the HCPs would recommend the vaccine to others. The respiratory mode of transmission of influenza was known by 85% (n = 295) of the participants and 50% (n = 174) believed that seasonal influenza virus and pH1N1 virus were different. In a multivariate model, the factors significantly associated with willingness to receive pH1N1vaccine were fear of pH1N1 disease (OR = 2.1; IC = 1.02-4.35), having only a high school education (OR = 8.28; IC = 2.04-33.60), and feeling at risk to contract pH1N1 (OR = 11.43; IC = 4.77-27.38). Conclusion: The willingness to be vaccinated against influenza A (H1N1) by health professionals is real. C1 [Coulibaly, Daouda; Traore, Youssouf; Ekra, Daniel K.; Cherif, Djibril; Kouassi, Paquin D.; N'gattia, Anderson K.; Dagnan, Simplice N.] Inst Natl Hyg Publ, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Nzussouo, Ndahwouh Talla] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kadjo, Herve A.] Inst Pasteur, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. RP Coulibaly, D (reprint author), Inst Natl Hyg Publ, BP V14, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. EM daocoul@yahoo.fr FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U51/IP000154-02]; Ministry of Health of Cote d'Ivoire [1U51/IP000154-02] FX The study was supported by the project "surveillance and response to avian and pandemic influenza by national health authorities outside the United States - Cooperative Agreement Number 1U51/IP000154-02" following the cooperative agreement between the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Ministry of Health of Cote d'Ivoire. The authors would also like to thank the U. S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (NAMRU-3), all participants of this study. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 7 BP 499 EP 506 DI 10.3855/jidc.2771 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 219VF UT WOS:000324538300001 PM 23857383 ER PT J AU Sempos, CT Durazo-Arvizu, RA Dawson-Hughes, B Yetley, EA Looker, AC Schleicher, RL Cao, GC Burt, V Kramer, H Bailey, RL Dwyer, JT Zhang, XL Gahche, J Coates, PM Picciano, MF AF Sempos, Christopher T. Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A. Dawson-Hughes, Bess Yetley, Elizabeth A. Looker, Anne C. Schleicher, Rosemary L. Cao, Guichan Burt, Vicki Kramer, Holly Bailey, Regan L. Dwyer, Johanna T. Zhang, Xinli Gahche, Jaime Coates, Paul M. Picciano, Mary Frances TI Is There a Reverse J-Shaped Association Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and All-Cause Mortality? Results from the U.S. Nationally Representative NHANES SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE MORTALITY; VITAMIN-D; GENERAL-POPULATION; SERUM CREATININE; OLDER MEN; RISK; ADULTS; COMMUNITY; HEALTH; CANCER AB Context: A reverse J-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration and all-cause mortality was suggested in a 9-year follow-up (1991-2000) analysis of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). Objective: Our objective was to repeat the analyses with 6 years additional follow-up to evaluate whether the association persists through 15 years of follow-up. Participants: The study included 15 099 participants aged >= 20 years with 3784 deaths. Main Outcome Measure: Relative risk (RR) of death from all causes was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and season using 2 Poisson regression approaches: traditional categorical and cubic splines. Results were given for 9 25(OH) D levels: <20, 20 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 74, 75 to 99 (reference), 100 to 119, and >= 120 nmol/L. Results: The reverse J-shaped association became stronger with longer follow-up and was not affected by excluding deaths within the first 3 years of follow-up. Similar results were found from both statistical approaches for levels <20 through 119 nmol/L. Adjusted RR (95% confidence interval [CI]) estimates for all levels <60 nmol/L were significantly >1 compared with the reference group. The nadir of risk was 81 nmol/L (95% CI, 73-90 nmol/L). For 25(OH)D >= 120 nmol/L, results (RR, 95% CI) were slightly different using traditional categorical (1.5, 1.02-2.3) and cubic splines approaches (1.2, 0.9-1.4). The association appeared in men, women, adults ages 20 to 64 years, and non-Hispanic whites but was weaker in older adults. The study was too small to evaluate the association in non-Hispanic black and Mexican-American adults. Conclusions: A reverse J-shaped association between serum 25(OH)D and all-cause mortality appears to be real. It is uncertain whether the association is causal. C1 [Sempos, Christopher T.; Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Schleicher, Rosemary L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.; Coates, Paul M.; Picciano, Mary Frances] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A.; Cao, Guichan; Kramer, Holly] Loyola Univ Chicago Stritch, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Epidemiol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Dawson-Hughes, Bess] Tufts Univ, Bone Metab Lab, Jean Mayer S Dept Agr Human Nutr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Looker, Anne C.; Burt, Vicki; Zhang, Xinli; Gahche, Jaime] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Schleicher, Rosemary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sempos, CT (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 3B01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM semposch@mail.nih.gov OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769; Kramer, Holly/0000-0002-6374-837X FU National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AG10353]; Office of Dietary Supplements administrative supplement to NIH [5R37 HL045508-17] FX This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grant AG10353) and by an Office of Dietary Supplements administrative supplement to NIH Grant 5R37 HL045508-17. NR 44 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 98 IS 7 BP 3001 EP 3009 DI 10.1210/jc.2013-1333 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 196MV UT WOS:000322780600067 PM 23666975 ER PT J AU Pearson, WS King, DE Richards, C AF Pearson, William S. King, Dana E. Richards, Chesley TI Capitated Payments to Primary Care Providers and the Delivery of Patient Education SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Capitation Fee; Delivery of Health Care; Patient Education; Primary Health Care ID PHYSICIAN-PAYMENT; PERFORMANCE; HEALTH AB Introduction: Patient education is a critical component of the patient-centered medical home and is a powerful and effective tool in chronic disease management. However, little is known about the effect of practice payment on rates of patient education during office encounters. Methods: For this study we took data from the 2009 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. This was a cross-sectional analysis of patient visits to primary care providers to determine whether practice payment in the form of capitated payments is associated within patient education being included more frequently during office visits compared with other payment methods. Results: In a sample size of 9863 visits in which capitation status was available and the provider was the patient's primary care provider, the weighted percentages of visits including patient education were measured as a percentages of education (95% confidence intervals): <25% capitation, 42.7% (38.3-47.3); 26% to 50% capitation, 37.6% (23.5-54.2); 51% to 75% capitation, 38.4% (28.1-49.8); >75% capitation, 74.0% (52.2-88.1). In an adjusted logistic model controlling for new patients (yes/no), number of chronic conditions, number of medications managed, number of previous visits within the year, and age and sex of the patients, the odds of receiving education were reported as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): <25% capitation, 1.00 (1.00-1.00); 26% to 50% capitation, 0.77 (0.38-1.58); 51% to 75% capitation, 0.81 (0.53-1.25); and >75% capitation, 3.38 (1.23-9.30). Conclusions: Patients are more likely to receive education if their primary care providers receive primarily capitated payment. This association is generally important for health policymakers constructing payment strategies for patient populations who would most benefit from interventions that incorporate or depend on patient education, such as populations requiring management of chronic diseases. C1 [Pearson, William S.; Richards, Chesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pearson, William S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Hlth Serv Policy & Management, Columbia, SC USA. [King, Dana E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Family Med, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Pearson, WS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Off Associate Director Policy, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Wpearson@cdc.gov OI King, Dana/0000-0001-5494-3467 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 350 EP 355 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2013.04.120301 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 216PM UT WOS:000324296000002 PM 23833148 ER PT J AU Li, J Berkowitz, Z Richards, TB Richardson, LC AF Li, Jun Berkowitz, Zahava Richards, Thomas B. Richardson, Lisa C. TI Shared Decision Making in Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing With Men Older Than 70 Years SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Aged; Prostate Cancer; Prostate-specific Antigen; Screening; Shared Decision Making ID PHYSICIAN-PATIENT DISCUSSIONS; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; CANCER; MORTALITY; UPDATE; TRENDS AB Background: Little is known about how shared decision making (SDM) is being carried out between older men and their health care providers. Our study aimed to describe the use of SDM key elements and assess their associations with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing among older men. Methods: We conducted descriptive and logistic regression modeling analyses using the 2005 and 2010 National Health Interview Survey data. Results: Age-specific prevalence of PSA testing was similar in 2005 and 2010. In 2010, 44.1% of men aged >= 70 years had PSA testing. Only 27.2% (95% confidence interval, 22.2-32.9) of them reported having discussions about both advantages and disadvantages of testing. Multiple regression analyses showed that PSA-based screening was positively associated with discussions of advantages only (P < .001) and with discussions of both advantages and disadvantages (P < .001) compared with no discussion. Discussion of scientific uncertainties was not associated with PSA testing. Conclusions: Efforts are needed to increase physicians' awareness of and adherence to PSA-based screening recommendations. Given that discussions of both advantages and disadvantages increased the uptake of PSA testing and discussion of scientific uncertainties has no effect, additional research about the nature, context, and extent of SDM and about patients' knowledge, values, and preferences regarding PSA-based screening is warranted. C1 [Li, Jun; Berkowitz, Zahava; Richards, Thomas B.; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mail Stop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 401 EP 408 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2013.04.120267 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 216PM UT WOS:000324296000009 PM 23833155 ER PT J AU Cohn, AC Harrison, LH AF Cohn, Amanda C. Harrison, Lee H. TI Meningococcal Vaccines: Current Issues and Future Strategies SO DRUGS LA English DT Review ID C CONJUGATE VACCINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SERUM BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP-B; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; UNITED-STATES; GLYCOCONJUGATE VACCINE; BURKINA-FASO; ANTIBODY PERSISTENCE; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY AB Since the introduction of the first meningococcal conjugate vaccines in 1999, remarkable progress has been made in reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by meningococcal disease. Currently, varying meningococcal conjugate vaccines provide protection against serogroups A, C, Y, and W meningococcal disease. A large impact has been seen after vaccine introduction, particularly in the UK after vaccinating all 1-17 year olds. The introduction of serogroup A conjugate vaccine in the meningitis belt has the potential to control epidemics of disease that disproportionately affect this area of the world. Issues remain that require continued vigilance with disease surveillance and frequent reassessment of vaccine strategies. These issues include duration of protection, potential increases in non-vaccine serogroups, and vaccine safety and potential interference with other routine vaccines. Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines are protein-based vaccines, with the first approved in early 2013. Understanding the potential impact of serogroup B vaccines is critical to developing future meningococcal vaccination strategies. C1 [Cohn, Amanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Harrison, LH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM acohn@cdc.gov; lharriso@edc.pitt.edu FU Sanofi Pasteur; Novartis Vaccines FX Dr. Cohn has no conflicts of interest and has received no funding for the writing of this manuscript. Dr. Harrison has received research support and lecture fees from Sanofi Pasteur; lecture fees from Novartis Vaccines; and has served as a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis Vaccines, Sanofi Pasteur, and Pfizer. Dr. Harrison's financial relationships with industry were terminated before he became a voting member of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in July 2012. NR 72 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU ADIS INT LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 1311, NEW ZEALAND SN 0012-6667 J9 DRUGS JI Drugs PD JUL PY 2013 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1147 EP 1155 DI 10.1007/s40265-013-0079-2 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 185HI UT WOS:000321957700002 PM 23839656 ER PT J AU Bachanas, P Medley, A Pals, S Kidder, D Antelman, G Benech, I DeLuca, N Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, H Muhenje, O Cherutich, P Kariuki, P Katuta, F Bukuku, M AF Bachanas, Pamela Medley, Amy Pals, Sherri Kidder, Daniel Antelman, Gretchen Benech, Irene DeLuca, Nickolas Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet Muhenje, Odylia Cherutich, Peter Kariuki, Pauline Katuta, Frieda Bukuku, May CA PwP Study Group TI Disclosure, Knowledge of Partner Status, and Condom Use Among HIV-Positive Patients Attending Clinical Care in Tanzania, Kenya, and Namibia SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DISCORDANT COUPLES; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; RURAL UGANDA; SOUTH-AFRICA; WOMEN; TRANSMISSION AB We describe the frequency of and factors associated with disclosure, knowledge of partner's HIV status, and consistent condom use among 3538 HIV-positive patients attending eighteen HIV care and treatment clinics in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania. Overall, 42% of patients were male, and 64% were on antiretroviral treatment. The majority (80%) had disclosed their HIV status to their partners, 64% knew their partner's HIV status, and 77% reported consistent condom use. Of those who knew their partner's status, 18% reported their partner was HIV negative. Compared to men, women were significantly less likely to report disclosing their HIV status to their sex partner(s), to knowing their partner's HIV status, and to using condoms consistently with HIV-negative partners. Other factors negatively associated with consistent condom use include nondisclosure, alcohol use, reporting a casual sex partner, and desiring a pregnancy. Health care providers should target additional risk reduction counseling and support services to patients who report these characteristics. C1 [Bachanas, Pamela; Medley, Amy; Pals, Sherri; Kidder, Daniel] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Antelman, Gretchen; Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet] Columbia Univ, ICAP Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Benech, Irene] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [DeLuca, Nickolas] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Windhoek, Namibia. [Muhenje, Odylia] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Cherutich, Peter] Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS STD Control Programme NASCOP, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kariuki, Pauline] Columbia Univ, ICAP Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Katuta, Frieda] Minist Hlth & Social Serv, HIV Prevent, Windhoek, Namibia. [Bukuku, May] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, HIV Prevent, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. RP Bachanas, P (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM pbachanas@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors express their gratitude for the extraordinary efforts of the study interviewers, program coordinators, and data management staff in the three countries without whom this study could not have taken place. The authors would also like to thank the Ministries of Health in Kenya, Tanzania, and Namibia, as well as ICAP and CDC staff in these three countries for all the support they provided to this project. The authors are also grateful to Jan Moore for her insightful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Finally, the authors would like to thank all of the health care providers, lay counselors, and clinic patients that participated in this study for their willingness to share their experiences with us. This work received funding support from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 52 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD JUL PY 2013 VL 27 IS 7 BP 425 EP 435 DI 10.1089/apc.2012.0388 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 207NU UT WOS:000323609100008 PM 23829332 ER PT J AU Visser, SN Danielson, ML Bitsko, RH Perou, R Blumberg, SJ AF Visser, Susanna N. Danielson, Melissa L. Bitsko, Rebecca H. Perou, Ruth Blumberg, Stephen J. TI Convergent Validity of Parent-Reported Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis: A Cross-Study Comparison SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter ID CHILDREN C1 [Visser, Susanna N.; Danielson, Melissa L.; Bitsko, Rebecca H.; Perou, Ruth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blumberg, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Visser, SN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mailstop E-88,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM svisser@cdc.gov OI Danielson, Melissa/0000-0001-9461-0341 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 2168-6203 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 167 IS 7 BP 674 EP 675 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2364 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 206UV UT WOS:000323550200021 PM 23700143 ER PT J AU Crump, JA Morrissey, AB Nicholson, WL Massung, RF Stoddard, RA Galloway, RL Ooi, EE Maro, VP Saganda, W Kinabo, GD Muiruri, C Bartlett, JA AF Crump, John A. Morrissey, Anne B. Nicholson, William L. Massung, Robert F. Stoddard, Robyn A. Galloway, Renee L. Ooi, Eng Eong Maro, Venance P. Saganda, Wilbrod Kinabo, Grace D. Muiruri, Charles Bartlett, John A. TI Etiology of Severe Non-malaria Febrile Illness in Northern Tanzania: A Prospective Cohort Study SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; INVASIVE BACTERIAL; AFRICAN COUNTRIES; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; GLOBAL BURDEN; TYPHOID-FEVER; HEALTH-CARE; PCR ASSAY; RT-PCR AB Introduction: The syndrome of fever is a commonly presenting complaint among persons seeking healthcare in low-resource areas, yet the public health community has not approached fever in a comprehensive manner. In many areas, malaria is over-diagnosed, and patients without malaria have poor outcomes. Methods and Findings: We prospectively studied a cohort of 870 pediatric and adult febrile admissions to two hospitals in northern Tanzania over the period of one year using conventional standard diagnostic tests to establish fever etiology. Malaria was the clinical diagnosis for 528 (60.7%), but was the actual cause of fever in only 14 (1.6%). By contrast, bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal bloodstream infections accounted for 85 (9.8%), 14 (1.6%), and 25 (2.9%) febrile admissions, respectively. Acute bacterial zoonoses were identified among 118 (26.2%) of febrile admissions; 16 (13.6%) had brucellosis, 40 (33.9%) leptospirosis, 24 (20.3%) had Q fever, 36 (30.5%) had spotted fever group rickettsioses, and 2 (1.8%) had typhus group rickettsioses. In addition, 55 (7.9%) participants had a confirmed acute arbovirus infection, all due to chikungunya. No patient had a bacterial zoonosis or an arbovirus infection included in the admission differential diagnosis. Conclusions: Malaria was uncommon and over-diagnosed, whereas invasive infections were underappreciated. Bacterial zoonoses and arbovirus infections were highly prevalent yet overlooked. An integrated approach to the syndrome of fever in resource-limited areas is needed to improve patient outcomes and to rationally target disease control efforts. C1 [Crump, John A.; Morrissey, Anne B.; Muiruri, Charles; Bartlett, John A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Crump, John A.; Muiruri, Charles; Bartlett, John A.] Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Crump, John A.; Maro, Venance P.; Kinabo, Grace D.; Bartlett, John A.] Kilimanjaro Christian Med Ctr, Moshi, Tanzania. [Crump, John A.; Maro, Venance P.; Kinabo, Grace D.; Bartlett, John A.] Tumaini Univ, Kilimanjaro Christian Med Coll, Moshi, Tanzania. [Crump, John A.] Univ Otago, Ctr Int Hlth, Dunedin Sch Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Nicholson, William L.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stoddard, Robyn A.; Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ooi, Eng Eong] Duke Natl Univ Singapore, Grad Sch Med, Emerging Infect Dis Signature Res Program, Singapore, Singapore. [Saganda, Wilbrod] Mawenzi Reg Hosp, Moshi, Tanzania. RP Crump, JA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM john.crump@duke.edu OI Ooi, Eng Eong/0000-0002-0520-1544 FU International Studies on AIDS Associated Co-infections (ISAAC) award, a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01 AI062563]; NIH; AIDS International Training and Research Program [D43 PA-03-018]; Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites [U01 AI069484]; Duke Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI 64518]; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology [U01 AI067854]; NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program; UK Economic and Social Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [R01TW009237] FX This research was supported by an International Studies on AIDS Associated Co-infections (ISAAC) award, a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded program (U01 AI062563). Investigator support was received from NIH awards ISAAC (JAC ABM VPM GDK CM JAB); AIDS International Training and Research Program (D43 PA-03-018 to JAC VPM GDK CM JAB); the Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites (U01 AI069484 to JAC VPM GDK CM JAB); the Duke Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI 64518 to JAB); the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (U01 AI067854 to JAC, JAB); and the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic and Social Research Council and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (R01TW009237 to JAC, VPM, WS, CM). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 7 AR e2324 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002324 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 190EJ UT WOS:000322321500035 PM 23875053 ER PT J AU Pauvolid-Correa, A Kenney, JL Couto-Lima, D Campos, ZMS Schatzmayr, HG Nogueira, RMR Brault, AC Komar, N AF Pauvolid-Correa, Alex Kenney, Joan L. Couto-Lima, Dinair Campos, Zilca M. S. Schatzmayr, Hermann G. Nogueira, Rita M. R. Brault, Aaron C. Komar, Nicholas TI Ilheus Virus Isolation in the Pantanal, West-Central Brazil SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; REGION; CULICIDAE; ARBOVIRUS; TRANSMISSION; FLAVIVIRUS; HORSES AB The wetlands of the Brazilian Pantanal host large concentrations of diverse wildlife species and hematophagous arthropods, conditions that favor the circulation of zoonotic arboviruses. A recent study from the Nhecolandia sub-region of Pantanal reported serological evidence of various flaviviruses, including West Nile virus and Ilheus virus (ILHV). According to the age of seropositive horses, at least three flaviviruses, including ILHV, circulated in the Brazilian Pantanal between 2005 and 2009. To extend this study, we collected 3,234 adult mosquitoes of 16 species during 2009 and 2010 in the same sub-region. Mosquito pool homogenates were assayed for infectious virus on C6/36 and Vero cell monolayers and also tested for flaviviral RNA by a group-specific real-time RT-PCR. One pool containing 50 non-engorged female specimens of Aedes scapularis tested positive for ILHV by culture and for ILHV RNA by real-time RT-PCR, indicating a minimum infection rate of 2.5 per 1000. Full-length genomic sequence exhibited 95% identity to the only full genome sequence available for ILHV. The present data confirm the circulation of ILHV in the Brazilian Pantanal. C1 [Pauvolid-Correa, Alex; Couto-Lima, Dinair; Schatzmayr, Hermann G.; Nogueira, Rita M. R.] Minist Saude, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Flavivirus, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pauvolid-Correa, Alex; Kenney, Joan L.; Brault, Aaron C.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Campos, Zilca M. S.] Embrapa Pantanal, Corumba, MS, Brazil. RP Pauvolid-Correa, A (reprint author), Minist Saude, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Flavivirus, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM pauvolid@ioc.fiocruz.br; nkomar@cdc.gov FU ASM; CNPq; CDC; Fulbright; CAPES; FAPERJ; FIOCRUZ FX Funding was provided by ASM, CNPq, CDC, Fulbright, CAPES, FAPERJ and FIOCRUZ. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 7 AR e2318 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002318 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 190EJ UT WOS:000322321500032 PM 23875051 ER PT J AU Santiago, GA Vergne, E Quiles, Y Cosme, J Vazquez, J Medina, JF Medina, F Colon, C Margolis, H Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Santiago, Gilberto A. Vergne, Edgardo Quiles, Yashira Cosme, Joan Vazquez, Jesus Medina, Juan F. Medina, Freddy Colon, Candimar Margolis, Harold Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI Analytical and Clinical Performance of the CDC Real Time RT-PCR Assay for Detection and Typing of Dengue Virus SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NS1 ANTIGEN-DETECTION; TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER; PUERTO-RICO; UNITED-STATES; NUCLEIC-ACID; KEY-WEST; DIAGNOSIS; SEROTYPE AB Dengue is an acute illness caused by the positive-strand RNA dengue virus (DENV). There are four genetically distinct DENVs (DENV-1-4) that cause disease in tropical and subtropical countries. Most patients are viremic when they present with symptoms; therefore, RT-PCR has been increasingly used in dengue diagnosis. The CDC DENV-1-4 RT-PCR Assay has been developed as an in-vitro diagnostic platform and was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for detection of dengue in patients with signs or symptoms of mild or severe dengue. The primers and probes of this test have been designed to detect currently circulating strains of DENV-1-4 from around the world at comparable sensitivity. In a retrospective study with 102 dengue cases confirmed by IgM anti-DENV seroconversion in the convalescent sample, the RTPCR Assay detected DENV RNA in 98.04% of the paired acute samples. Using sequencing as a positive indicator, the RT-PCR Assay had a 97.92% positive agreement in 86 suspected dengue patients with a single acute serum sample. After extensive validations, the RT-PCR Assay performance was highly reproducible when evaluated across three independent testing sites, did not produce false positive results for etiologic agents of other febrile illnesses, and was not affected by pathological levels of potentially interfering biomolecules. These results indicate that the CDC DENV-1-4 RT-PCR Assay provides a reliable diagnostic platform capable for confirming dengue in suspected cases. C1 [Santiago, Gilberto A.; Vergne, Edgardo; Quiles, Yashira; Cosme, Joan; Vazquez, Jesus; Medina, Juan F.; Medina, Freddy; Colon, Candimar; Margolis, Harold; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. RP Santiago, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. EM JMunoz@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention agency budget for the Division of Vector-Borne Diseases; Dengue Branch FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention agency budget for the Division of Vector-Borne Diseases and the Dengue Branch. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 7 AR e2311 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002311 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 190EJ UT WOS:000322321500025 PM 23875046 ER PT J AU Basile, KC Hall, JE Walters, ML AF Basile, Kathleen C. Hall, Jeffrey E. Walters, Mikel L. TI Expanding Resource Theory and Feminist-Informed Theory to Explain Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration by Court-Ordered Men SO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN LA English DT Article DE feminist theory; intimate partner violence; perpetration; resource theory ID OF-ORIGIN VIOLENCE; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; RISK-FACTORS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; FAMILY VIOLENCE; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; PHYSICAL ABUSE; DATING RELATIONSHIPS; AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR; WIFE ABUSE AB This study tested resource and feminist-informed theories to explain physical, sexual, psychological, and stalking intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated by court-mandated men. Data were obtained from 340 men arrested for physical assault of a partner before their court-ordered treatment. Using path analysis, findings provided partial support for each model. Ineffective arguing and substance-use problems were moderators of resources and perpetration. Dominance mediated early exposures and perpetration in the feminist-informed model. In both models, predictors of stalking were different than those for other types of perpetration. Future studies should replicate this research and determine the utility of combining models. C1 [Basile, Kathleen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Basile, Kathleen C.; Hall, Jeffrey E.; Walters, Mikel L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Basile, KC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop F64,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kbasile@cdc.gov NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 19 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-8012 J9 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOM JI Violence Against Women PD JUL PY 2013 VL 19 IS 7 BP 848 EP 880 DI 10.1177/1077801213497105 PG 33 WC Women's Studies SC Women's Studies GA 202DT UT WOS:000323194400004 PM 23955930 ER PT J AU May, FJ Clark, DC Pham, K Diviney, SM Williams, DT Field, EJ Kuno, G Chang, GJ Cheah, WY Setoh, YX Prow, NA Hobson-Peters, J Hall, RA AF May, Fiona J. Clark, David C. Pham, Kim Diviney, Sinead M. Williams, David T. Field, Emma J. Kuno, Goro Chang, Gwong-Jen Cheah, Wai Yuen Setoh, Yin X. Prow, Natalie A. Hobson-Peters, Jody Hall, Roy A. TI Genetic divergence among members of the Kokobera group of flaviviruses supports their separation into distinct species SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; CAPE-YORK PENINSULA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CROSS-NEUTRALIZATION; ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS; BORNE FLAVIVIRUSES; NORTH QUEENSLAND; AUSTRALIA; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The Kokobera virus group comprises mosquito-borne flaviviruses that cluster together phylogenetically. These viruses are unique to Australia and Papua New Guinea, and have been associated with a mild polyarticular disease in humans. Recent isolation of genetically diverse viruses within this group has prompted analysis of their genetic and phenotypic relationships. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete ORF, the envelope gene or the NS5/3' untranslated region supported the separation of the group into distinct species: Kokobera virus (KOKV), Stratford virus, New Mapoon virus, MK7979 and TS5273. Virulence studies in 3-week-old mice also provided the first evidence that a member of the KOKV group (MK7979) was neuroinvasive after intraperitoneal inoculation. In this context, our recent detection of KOKV group-specific antibodies in horses in the field suggests that these viruses should be considered in the epidemiology of flavivirus encephalitis in Australia. C1 [May, Fiona J.; Clark, David C.; Pham, Kim; Field, Emma J.; Cheah, Wai Yuen; Setoh, Yin X.; Prow, Natalie A.; Hobson-Peters, Jody; Hall, Roy A.] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Australian Infect Dis Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Diviney, Sinead M.; Williams, David T.] Curtin Univ, Sch Biomed Sci, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Kuno, Goro; Chang, Gwong-Jen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Hall, RA (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Australian Infect Dis Res Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM roy.hall@uq.edu.au RI Diviney, Sinead/H-8903-2013; Setoh, Yin Xiang/K-4503-2012; Williams, David/H-6750-2013 OI Setoh, Yin Xiang/0000-0002-1683-3555; NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 94 BP 1462 EP 1467 DI 10.1099/vir.0.049940-0 PN 7 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 197MS UT WOS:000322855900003 PM 23426358 ER PT J AU Bosch, SA Musgrave, K Wong, D AF Bosch, Stacey A. Musgrave, Karl Wong, David TI ZOONOTIC DISEASE RISK AND PREVENTION PRACTICES AMONG BIOLOGISTS AND OTHER WILDLIFE WORKERS-RESULTS FROM A NATIONAL SURVEY, US NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, 2009 SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Occupational health; personal protective equipment; risk reduction behavior; zoonoses ID INFECTION-CONTROL AB In 2007, a National Park Service (NPS) biologist died from pneumonic plague after unprotected exposure to an infected mountain lion. This incident increased awareness of occupational zoonotic disease transmission and prompted an assessment of employees who handle wildlife. During April June 2(09, we conducted a national online survey of NPS biologists and other wildlife workers to assess in the preceding 12 mo: 1) potential work-related zoonotic disease exposures; 2) protective practices, including use of personal protective equipment (PPE); and 3) barriers and facilitators to PPE use. Summary protective measure scores were calculated and compared with sociodemographic and work-related factors. Surveys were completed by 238 employees from 131 parks in all NPS regions. Seventy-one percent were biologists or technicians, 16% natural resource specialists or managers, and 13% had other job titles. Among a majority of respondents, interactions with animals were infrequent and occurred approximately several times per year as follows: handling live (39%), sick (43%), or dead animals (46%), and drawing blood from animals (42%). The most frequently reported protective measures used were hand hygiene and gloves. Commonly agreed-upon measures that would facilitate PPE use included having PPE stocked and readily available (92%) and having specific PPE kits for use during necropsies (91%) and in remote field settings (91%). Significantly higher summary protective measure scores were found if respondents had either read or reviewed "NPS safe work practices for employees handling wildlife" with their supervisor, had zoonotic disease safety or PPE use included in their employee performance appraisal plans, or had conducted a job-hazard analysis for handling wildlife. Ninety (38%) respondents reported receiving zoonotic disease training. Our findings support the development and implementation of workplace interventions to increase zoonotic disease awareness and promote a culture of prevention among wildlife professionals C1 [Bosch, Stacey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bosch, Stacey A.; Musgrave, Karl] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Cheyenne, WY 82002 USA. [Wong, David] Natl Pk Serv, Off Publ Hlth, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Bosch, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbosch@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 49 IS 3 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.7589/2012-06-173 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 183FA UT WOS:000321798500001 PM 23778595 ER PT J AU Kading, RC Borland, EM Cranfield, M Powers, AM AF Kading, Rebekah C. Borland, Erin M. Cranfield, Mike Powers, Ann M. TI PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES TO ALPHAVIRUSES AND FLAVIVIRUSES IN FREE-RANGING GAME ANIMALS AND NONHUMAN PRIMATES IN THE GREATER CONGO BASIN SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Arbovirus; Congo basin; emerging viruses; primates; surveillance; wildlife ID RIFT-VALLEY-FEVER; WEST-NILE; SEROLOGICAL SURVEY; DISEASE EMERGENCE; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS; OUTBREAK; AFRICA; SURVEILLANCE; WILDLIFE; SENEGAL AB Vector-borne and zoonotic pathogens have comprised a significant proportion of the emerging infectious diseases in humans in recent decades. The role of many wildlife species as reservoirs for arthropod-borne viral pathogens is poorly understood. We investigated the exposure history of various African wildlife species from the Congo basin to mosquito-borne flaviviruses and alphaviruses by testing archived serum samples. Sera from 24 African forest buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus), 34 African elephants (Loxodonta africana), 40 duikers (Cephalophus and Philantomba spp.), 25 mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), 32 mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), five Grauer's gorillas (Gorilla beringei graueri), two L'Hoest's monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti), two golden monkeys (Cercopithecus kandti), and three chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) sampled between 1991 and 2009 were tested for antibodies against chikungunya virus (CHIKV), o'nyong-nyong virus (ONNV), West Nile virus (WNV), dengue 2 virus (DENV-2), and yellow fever virus (YFV) by plaque reduction neutralization test. Specific neutralizing antibodies against ONNV were found in African forest buffalo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Gabon, duikers in the DRC, and mandrills in Gabon, providing novel evidence of enzootic circulation of ONNV in these countries. African forest buffalo in the DRC and Gabon also demonstrated evidence of exposure to CHIKV, WNV, and DENV-2, while mandrills in Gabon were antibody positive for CHIKV, DENV-2, WNV, and YFV. All of the elephants tested had a strong neutralizing antibody response to WNV. We also document results from a survey of gorillas for arboviruses, of which 4/32 (13%) had antibody to an alphavirus or flavivirus. Overall, our results demonstrate a high prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against multiple arboviruses in wildlife in equatorial Africa. C1 [Kading, Rebekah C.; Borland, Erin M.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Cranfield, Mike] Maryland Zoo Baltimore, Mt Gorilla Vet Project, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA. RP Kading, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Arbovirus Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM fxk7@cdc.gov RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X FU United States Agency for International Development Emerging Pandemic Threats Program; U.S. CDC FX We thank Kristine Smith, Ken Cameron, and William Karesh of the Wildlife Conservation Society for coordinating sample shipments to the U.S. CDC. Ellen Bronson and Jennifer Sohl provided negative control wildlife sera from the Maryland Zoo in Baltimore. The mountain and eastern gorilla blood samples were obtained from the protected area authorities in the three countries: L'Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature, the Rwanda Development Board, and the Uganda Wildlife Authority. Jean Felix Kinani, Head Field Veterinarian for Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project provided field data on the mountain gorillas The map was generated by Katherine MacMillan of the CDC. This project was funded by an Interagency Agreement between the United States Agency for International Development Emerging Pandemic Threats Program and the U.S. CDC. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 49 IS 3 BP 587 EP 599 DI 10.7589/2012-08-212 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 183FA UT WOS:000321798500014 PM 23778608 ER PT J AU Crabtree, MB Kading, RC Mutebi, JP Lutwama, JJ Miller, BR AF Crabtree, Mary B. Kading, Rebekah C. Mutebi, John-Paul Lutwama, Julius J. Miller, Barry R. TI IDENTIFICATION OF HOST BLOOD FROM ENGORGED MOSQUITOES COLLECTED IN WESTERN UGANDA USING CYTOCHROME OXIDASE I GENE SEQUENCES SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Arbovirus; blood meal identification; COI; cytochrome oxidase I; mosquito ID RIFT-VALLEY-FEVER; FEEDING PATTERNS; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; CULICINE MOSQUITOS; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; AFRICAN BUFFALO; KISUMU AREA; B GENE; VIRUS AB Emerging infectious disease events are frequently caused by. arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) that are maintained in a zoonotic cycle between arthropod vectors and vertebrate wildlife species, with spillover to humans, in areas where human and wildlife populations interface. The greater Congo basin region, including Uganda, has historically been a hot spot for emergence of known and novel arboviruses. Surveillance of arthropod vectors is a critical activity in monitoring and predicting outbreaks of arboviral disease, and identification of blood meals in engorged arthropods collected during surveillance efforts provides insight into the ecology of arboviruses and their vectors. As part of an ongoing arbovirus surveillance project we analyzed blood meals from engorged mosquitoes collected at five sites in western Uganda November 2008 June 2010. We extracted DNA from the dissected and triturated abdomens of engorged mosquito specimens. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced to identify the source of the mosquito host blood. Blood meals were analyzed from 533 engorged mosquito specimens; 440 of these blood meals were successfully identified from 33 mosquito species. Species identifications were made for 285 of the 440 identified specimens with the remainder identified to genus, family, or order. When combined with published arbovirus isolation and serologic survey data, our results suggest possible vector-reservoir relationships for several arboviruses, including Rift Valley fever virus and West Nile virus. C1 [Crabtree, Mary B.; Kading, Rebekah C.; Mutebi, John-Paul; Miller, Barry R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lutwama, Julius J.] Uganda Virus Res Inst UVRI, Dept Arbovirol, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Crabtree, MB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mcrabtree@cdc.gov RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X FU United States Agency for International Development, Emerging Pandemic Threats Program; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project was funded by an Interagency Agreement between the United States Agency for International Development, Emerging Pandemic Threats Program, and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The map was generated by Katherine MacMillan, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado. The authors thank the Uganda Wildlife Authority for allowing this study to be conducted in Uganda national parks. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 49 IS 3 BP 611 EP 626 DI 10.7589/2012-08-213 PG 16 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 183FA UT WOS:000321798500016 PM 23778610 ER PT J AU Donald, RGK Flint, M Kalyan, N Johnson, E Witko, SE Kotash, C Zhao, P Megati, S Yurgelonis, I Lee, PK Matsuka, YV Severina, E Deatly, A Sidhu, M Jansen, KU Minton, NP Anderson, AS AF Donald, Robert G. K. Flint, Mike Kalyan, Narender Johnson, Erik Witko, Susan E. Kotash, Cheryl Zhao, Ping Megati, Shakuntala Yurgelonis, Irina Lee, Phillip Kwok Matsuka, Yury V. Severina, Elena Deatly, Anne Sidhu, Mini Jansen, Kathrin U. Minton, Nigel P. Anderson, Annaliesa S. TI A novel approach to generate a recombinant toxoid vaccine against Clostridium difficile SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TOXIN-B; PORE FORMATION; FIDAXOMICIN; INFECTION; HAMSTERS; CLEAVAGE; CLOSTRON; INSIGHTS; SYSTEM AB The Clostridium difficile toxins A and B are primarily responsible for symptoms of C. difficile associated disease and are prime targets for vaccine development. We describe a plasmid-based system for the production of genetically modified toxins in a non-sporulating strain of C. difficile that lacks the toxin genes tcdA and tcdB. TcdA and TcdB mutations targeting established glucosyltransferase cytotoxicity determinants were introduced into recombinant plasmids and episomally expressed toxin mutants purified from C. difficile transformants. TcdA and TcdB mutants lacking glucosyltransferase and autoproteolytic processing activities were similar to 10 000-fold less toxic to cultured human IMR-90 cells than corresponding recombinant or native toxins. However, both mutants retained residual cytotoxicity that could be prevented by preincubating the antigens with specific antibodies or by formalin treatment. Such non-toxic formalin-treated mutant antigens were immunogenic and protective in a hamster model of infection. The remaining toxicity of untreated TcdA and TcdB mutant antigens was associated with cellular swelling, a phenotype consistent with pore-induced membrane leakage. TcdB substitution mutations previously shown to block vesicular pore formation and toxin translocation substantially reduced residual toxicity. We discuss the implications of these results for the development of a C. difficile toxoid vaccine. C1 [Donald, Robert G. K.; Kalyan, Narender; Johnson, Erik; Witko, Susan E.; Kotash, Cheryl; Zhao, Ping; Megati, Shakuntala; Yurgelonis, Irina; Lee, Phillip Kwok; Matsuka, Yury V.; Severina, Elena; Deatly, Anne; Sidhu, Mini; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Anderson, Annaliesa S.] Pfizer Vaccine Res, Pearl River, NY 10654 USA. [Flint, Mike] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Minton, Nigel P.] Univ Nottingham, NIHR Biomed Res Unit GI Dis, Clostridia Res Grp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Donald, RGK (reprint author), Pfizer Vaccine Res, Pearl River, NY 10654 USA. EM robert.donald@pfizer.com OI Flint, Michael/0000-0002-5373-787X FU Pfizer Inc.; Pfizer FX We would like to thank Pfizer colleagues Jason Lotvin and Pam Fink for fermentations, Mann-Jy Chen for ELISAs, Stan Mullen for technical support, Justin Moran for protein purification, and Deanne Illenberger, Jennifer Obregon and Vidia Roopchand for the hamster study. We would also like to thank Pfizer colleagues Paul Liberator and Bruce Green for review of the manuscript. The research reported in this study was funded by Pfizer Inc. Nigel Minton is an employee of the University of Nottingham, which received financial support from Pfizer in connection with research conducted and reported in this manuscript. Mike Flint, formerly employed by Pfizer, now works for the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. The remaining contributors are Pfizer employees and as such may own Pfizer stock. NR 38 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JUL PY 2013 VL 159 BP 1254 EP 1266 DI 10.1099/mic.0.066712-0 PN 7 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 197MQ UT WOS:000322855700004 PM 23629868 ER PT J AU Okoroh, EM Hooper, WC Boulet, SL AF Okoroh, Ekwutosi M. Hooper, W. Craig Boulet, Sheree L. TI Do oral contraceptive pills really protect against venous thromboembolism, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome patients? Prescription bias or not? Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Okoroh, Ekwutosi M.; Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Boulet, Sheree L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Okoroh, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Eokoroh@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 209 IS 1 BP 74 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.034 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 181XL UT WOS:000321703700032 PM 23462509 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Croft, JB Mannino, DM Wheaton, AG Zhang, XY Giles, WH AF Ford, Earl S. Croft, Janet B. Mannino, David M. Wheaton, Anne G. Zhang, Xingyou Giles, Wayne H. TI COPD Surveillance-United States, 1999-2011 SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; COMORBIDITIES; MORTALITY; ADULTS; IMPACT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; SMOKING AB This report updates surveillance results for COPD in the United States. For 1999 to 2011, data from national data systems for adults aged 25 years were analyzed. In 2011, 6.5% of adults (approximately 13.7 million) reported having been diagnosed with COPD. From 1999 to 2011, the overall age-adjusted prevalence of having been diagnosed with COPD declined (P = .019). In 2010, there were 10.3 million (494.8 per 10,000) physician office visits, 1.5 million (72.0 per 10,000) ED visits, and 699,000 (32.2 per 10,000) hospital discharges for COPD. From 1999 to 2010, no significant overall trends were noted for physician office visits and ED visits; however, the age-adjusted hospital discharge rate for COPD declined significantly (P = .001). In 2010 there were 312,654 (11.2 per 1,000) Medicare hospital discharge claims submitted for COPD. Medicare claims (1999-2010) declined overall (P = .045), among men (P = .022) and among enrollees aged 65 to 74 years (P = .033). There were 133,575 deaths (63.1 per 100,000) from COPD in 2010. The overall age-adjusted death rate for COPD did not change during 1999 to 2010 (P = .163). Death rates (1999-2010) increased among adults aged 45 to 54 years (P < .001) and among American Indian/Alaska Natives (P = .008) but declined among those aged 55 to 64 years (P = .002) and 65 to 74 years (P < .001), Hispanics (P = .038), Asian/Pacific Islanders (P < .001), and men (P = .001). Geographic clustering of prevalence, Medicare hospitalizations, and deaths were observed. Declines in the age-adjusted prevalence, death rate in men, and hospitalizations for COPD since 1999 suggest progress in the prevention of COPD in the United States. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Croft, Janet B.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Zhang, Xingyou; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mannino, David M.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Prevent Med & Environm Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828 FU GlaxoSmithKline; Novartis AG; Pfizer, Inc; AstraZeneca; Forest Laboratories, Inc; Creative Educational Concepts FX The authors have reported to CHEST the following conflicts of interest: Dr Mannino has received honoraria/consulting fees and served on speaker bureaus for GlaxoSmithKline; Novartis AG; Pfizer, Inc; AstraZeneca; Forest Laboratories, Inc; and Creative Educational Concepts. Furthermore, he has received royalties from UptoDate, Inc. Drs Ford, Croft, Wheaton, Zhang, and Giles have reported that no potential conflicts of interest exist with any companies/organizations whose products or services may be discussed in this article. NR 36 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 2013 VL 144 IS 1 BP 284 EP 305 DI 10.1378/chest.13-0809 PG 22 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 180OW UT WOS:000321605500041 PM 23619732 ER PT J AU Johnson, MG Lindsey, PH Harvey, CF Bradley, KK AF Johnson, Matthew G. Lindsey, Phillip H. Harvey, Charles F. Bradley, Kristy K. TI Recognizing Laboratory Cross-Contamination Two False-Positive Cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Oklahoma, 2011 SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID CONSEQUENCES AB Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolation from clinical specimens is the standard for TB diagnosis. Positive MTB cultures are rarely questioned, but false-positive culture rates range from 2% to 4%. In December 2011, two smear-negative, culture-positive TB cases were reported to the Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) in people without TB signs or symptoms. OSDH TB control officers interviewed physicians and laboratory personnel, reviewed patient charts, traced epidemiologic links, and performed microbiologic studies to determine if these were true TB cases. Both specimens were found to have been processed on the same day, at the same laboratory, under the same hood, and by the same technician sequentially after a strongly smear-positive TB specimen. No epidemiologic links were identified among the three patients. Spoligotyping and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit typing of the three specimens were identical. Only liquid media grew MTB in the two questionable specimens. A laboratory splash incident was suspected, whereby all three liquid media sample lids were open during inoculation rather than being opened one at a time, causing cross-contamination. Also, the two specimens were incubated for 2-3 weeks longer than standard protocol before MTB growth was observed. Patient 1 was not treated for TB because her physician doubted the culture result. Patient 2, an organ transplant recipient, began four-drug anti-TB therapy, and an investigation was initiated for transplant-associated TB. Adherence to strict laboratory techniques and recognizing the possibility of false-positive MTB cultures, especially when inconsistent with clinical data, are essential in preventing erroneous TB diagnoses. C1 [Johnson, Matthew G.; Lindsey, Phillip H.; Harvey, Charles F.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Acute Dis Serv, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Johnson, Matthew G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bradley, Kristy K.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Off State Epidemiologist, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Johnson, MG (reprint author), 1000 NE 10th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73117 USA. EM mgjohnson33@gmail.com NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 2013 VL 144 IS 1 BP 319 EP 322 DI 10.1378/chest.12-2294 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 180OW UT WOS:000321605500043 PM 23880680 ER PT J AU Fang, YR Zhang, LJ Tu, CY Ye, DQ Fontaine, R Ma, HL Hao, JH Fu, LJ Ying, XJ Chen, QF Wang, Y Liu, HH Zhu, BP AF Fang, Yirong Zhang, Lijie Tu, Chunyu Ye, Dongqing Fontaine, Robert Ma, Huilai Hao, Jiahu Fu, Lijun Ying, Xijun Chen, Qifeng Wang, Yong Liu, Huihui Zhu, Bao-Ping TI Outbreak of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Chinese High School, 2009-2010 SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; outbreak; students; tuberculosis ID LATENT TUBERCULOSIS AB Background: In February 2009, a high school student was diagnosed with sputum-smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). One year later, 2 other students in the same grade developed sputum-smear positive TB. Methods: We used tuberculin skin testing (TST), chest radiography, sputum smear, and symptomatology for case identification. We defined latent TB infection (LTBI) as a TST induration of 15 mm or larger, probable TB as a chest radiograph indicative of TB plus productive cough/hemoptysis for at least 2 weeks or TST induration of 15 mm or larger, and confirmed TB as 2 or more positive sputum smears or 1 positive sputum smear plus a chest radiograph indicative of TB. Results: Of students in the same grade as the primary case-student, 26% (122/476) had LTBI and 4.8% (23/476) had probable/confirmed TB. Of teachers, 43% (18/42) had LTBI and none had probable/confirmed TB. Sharing a classroom with the primary case-student increased risk for LTBI (rate ratio = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.9-3.4) and probable/confirmed TB (rate ratio = 17, 95% CI: 7.8-39). Of students with LTBI in February 2009 who refused prophylaxis, 50% (11/22) had probable/confirmed TB in April 2010. Conclusions: This TB outbreak was likely started by delayed diagnosis of TB in the case-student and was facilitated by lack of post-exposure chemoprophylaxis. Post-exposure prophylaxis is strongly recommended for all TST-positive students. C1 [Fang, Yirong; Ye, Dongqing; Hao, Jiahu] Anhui Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Hefei 230032, Peoples R China. [Fang, Yirong; Tu, Chunyu; Fu, Lijun; Chen, Qifeng] Shaoxing Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Infect Dis, Shaoxing, Peoples R China. [Fang, Yirong; Zhang, Lijie; Fontaine, Robert; Ma, Huilai; Liu, Huihui; Zhu, Bao-Ping] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ying, Xijun; Wang, Yong] Shenzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Infect Dis, Shenzhou, Peoples R China. RP Ye, DQ (reprint author), Anhui Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 81 Meishan Rd, Hefei 230032, Peoples R China. EM ydq@ahmu.edu.cn NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU JAPAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI TOKYO PA C/O UNIBO PRESS, HONGO MT BLDG 4F, 7-2-2 HONGO, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN SN 0917-5040 J9 J EPIDEMIOL JI J. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 307 EP 312 DI 10.2188/jea.JE20120216 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 185SW UT WOS:000321991600011 PM 23774287 ER PT J AU Hopkins, DR Ruiz-Tiben, E Weiss, A Withers, PC Eberhard, ML Roy, SL AF Hopkins, Donald R. Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto Weiss, Adam Withers, P. Craig, Jr. Eberhard, Mark L. Roy, Sharon L. TI Dracunculiasis Eradication: And Now, South Sudan SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB This report summarizes the status of the global Dracunculiasis Eradication Program as of the end of 2012. Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) has been eliminated from 17 of 21 countries where it was endemic in 1986, when an estimated 3.5 million cases occurred worldwide. Only 542 cases were reported from four countries in 2012, and 103 villages still had indigenous transmission. Most remaining cases were reported from the new Republic of South Sudan, whereas Chad, Ethiopia, and Mali each reported 10 cases or less. Political instability and insecurity in Mali may become the main obstacles to interrupting dracunculiasis transmission forever. C1 [Hopkins, Donald R.; Withers, P. Craig, Jr.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Hlth Programs, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto; Weiss, Adam] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Guinea Worm Eradicat Program, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roy, Sharon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hopkins, DR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Hlth Programs, 453 Freedom Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM sdsulli@emory.edu; eruizti@emory.edu; adam.j.weiss@emory.edu; cwither@emory.edu; mle1@cdc.gov; str2@cdc.gov FU Next Generation Fund of the Hugh J. Andersen Foundation; Apple Computer, Inc.; Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development; Atlanta Woman's Club; BASF Corporation; Canadian International Development Agency; Chevron Corporation; Children's Investment Fund Foundation UK; Crawford Family Foundation; Delta Medical Supplies; Edgar O. Dixon Charitable Trust; Elfenworks Foundation; First Congregational Church; Foundation Source; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; General Electric Company; Girl Scouts of America Brownie Troop 861; Global Aviation Holdings; Global Health Education Consortium, Inc.; Google, Inc.; Robert and Shirley Harris Family Foundation; Harris myCFO Foundation; Conrad N. Hilton Foundation; John C. and Karyl Kay Hughes Foundation; John P. Hussman Foundation, Inc.; Johns Hopkins University; Johnson Johnson; Kendeda Fund; Leslie Family Foundation; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; McKenna Foundation; Mid-Continent University; Monsanto Company; Mount Pleasant Lutheran Church; National Democratic Institute for International Affairs; OPEC Fund for International Development; Roman Catholic Diocese of Joliet; Government of Saudi Arabia; Saudi Fund for Development; J. V. Schiro Zavela Foundation; Shod LLC; Stahl Family Foundation; St. Thomas Aquinas Parish; Sultanate of Oman FX During 2008-2012, The Carter Center's work to eradicate Guinea worm disease has been made possible by financial and in-kind contributions from the Next Generation Fund of the Hugh J. Andersen Foundation; Apple Computer, Inc.; Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development; Atlanta Woman's Club; BASF Corporation; Canadian International Development Agency; Chevron Corporation; Children's Investment Fund Foundation UK; Crawford Family Foundation; Delta Medical Supplies; Edgar O. Dixon Charitable Trust; Elfenworks Foundation; First Congregational Church; Foundation Source; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; General Electric Company; Girl Scouts of America Brownie Troop 861; Global Aviation Holdings; Global Health Education Consortium, Inc.; Google, Inc.; Robert and Shirley Harris Family Foundation; Harris myCFO Foundation; Conrad N. Hilton Foundation; John C. and Karyl Kay Hughes Foundation; John P. Hussman Foundation, Inc.; Johns Hopkins University; Johnson & Johnson; Kendeda Fund; Leslie Family Foundation; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; McKenna Foundation; Mid-Continent University; Monsanto Company; Mount Pleasant Lutheran Church; National Democratic Institute for International Affairs; OPEC Fund for International Development; Roman Catholic Diocese of Joliet; Government of Saudi Arabia; Saudi Fund for Development; J. V. Schiro Zavela Foundation; Shod LLC; Stahl Family Foundation; St. Thomas Aquinas Parish; Sultanate of Oman; His Highness General Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, in honor of His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed, President of the United Arab Emirates; UNICEF; United Kingdom Department for International Development; US Agency for International Development; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United Nations World Food Programme; Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program; Vestergaard Frandsen; Women's Leadership Foundation; YKK Corporation; and many generous individuals. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 5 EP 10 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0090 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600003 PM 23843492 ER PT J AU Weil, GJ Curtis, KC Fakoli, L Fischer, K Gankpala, L Lammie, PJ Majewski, AC Pelletreau, S Won, KY Bolay, FK Fischer, PU AF Weil, Gary J. Curtis, Kurt C. Fakoli, Lawrence Fischer, Kerstin Gankpala, Lincoln Lammie, Patrick J. Majewski, Andrew C. Pelletreau, Sonia Won, Kimberly Y. Bolay, Fatorma K. Fischer, Peter U. TI Laboratory and Field Evaluation of a New Rapid Test for Detecting Wuchereria bancrofti Antigen in Human Blood SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; CIRCULATING ANTIGEN; DIAGNOSTIC-TOOLS; DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE; ALBENDAZOLE; PREVALENCE; PROGRAMS AB Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) guidelines call for using filarial antigen testing to identify endemic areas that require mass drug administration (MDA) and for post-MDA surveillance. We compared a new filarial antigen test (the Alere Filariasis Test Strip) with the reference BinaxNOW Filariasis card test that has been used by the GPELF for more than 10 years. Laboratory testing of 227 archived serum or plasma samples showed that the two tests had similar high rates of sensitivity and specificity and > 99% agreement. However, the test strip detected 26.5% more people with filarial antigenemia (124/503 versus 98/503) and had better test result stability than the card test in a field study conducted in a filariasis-endemic area in Liberia. Based on its increased sensitivity and other practical advantages, we believe that the test strip represents a major step forward that will be welcomed by the GPELF and the filariasis research community. C1 [Weil, Gary J.; Curtis, Kurt C.; Fischer, Kerstin; Majewski, Andrew C.; Fischer, Peter U.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Fakoli, Lawrence; Gankpala, Lincoln; Bolay, Fatorma K.] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, Charlesville, Margibi Cty, Liberia. [Lammie, Patrick J.; Pelletreau, Sonia; Won, Kimberly Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weil, GJ (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM Gweil@DOM.wustl.edu; kcurtis@dom.wustl.edu; lawfako2008@yahoo.com; kefische@dom.wustl.edu; lincolngankpala@yahoo.com; pjl1@cdc.gov; amajewsk@dom.wustl.edu; ikh8@cdc.gov; kfw7@cdc.gov; director.libr@gmail.com; pufische@dom.wustl.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0089 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600004 PM 23690552 ER PT J AU Mathieu, E Dorkenoo, AM Datagni, M Cantey, PT Morgah, K Harvey, K Ziperstein, J Drexler, N Chapleau, G Sodahlon, Y AF Mathieu, Els Dorkenoo, Ameyo M. Datagni, Michael Cantey, Paul T. Morgah, Kodjo Harvey, Kira Ziperstein, Joshua Drexler, Naomi Chapleau, Gina Sodahlon, Yao TI It is Possible: Availability of Lymphedema Case Management in each Health Facility in Togo. Program Description, Evaluation, and Lessons Learned SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ADENOLYMPHANGITIS; EFFICACY; ILLNESS; BURDEN; INDIA; WOMEN AB Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a vector-borne parasitic disease that can clinically manifest as disabling lymphedema. Although the LF elimination program aims to reduce disability and to interrupt transmission, there has been a scarcity of disease morbidity management programs, particularly on a national scale. This report describes the implementation of the first nationwide LF lymphedema management program. The program, which was initiated in Togo in 2007, focuses on patient behavioral change. Its goal is two-fold: to achieve a sustainable program on a national-scale, and to serve as a model for other countries. The program has five major components: 1) train at least one health staff in lymphedema care in each health facility in Togo; 2) inform people with a swollen leg that care is available at their dispensary; 3) train patients on self-care; 4) provide a support system to motivate patients to continue self-care by training community health workers or family members and providing in home follow-up; and 5) integrate lymphedema management into the curriculum for medical staff. The program achieved the inclusion of lymphedema management in the routine healthcare package. The evaluation after three years estimated that 79% of persons with a swollen leg in Togo were enrolled in the program. The adherence rate to the proposed World Health Organization treatment of washing, exercise, and leg elevation was more than 70% after three years of the program, resulting in a stabilization of the lymphedema stage and a slight decrease in reported acute attacks among program participants. Health staff and patients consider the program successful in reaching and educating the patients. After the external funding ended, the morbidity management program is maintained through routine Ministry of Health activities. C1 [Mathieu, Els; Cantey, Paul T.; Harvey, Kira; Ziperstein, Joshua; Drexler, Naomi; Chapleau, Gina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dorkenoo, Ameyo M.; Datagni, Michael; Morgah, Kodjo] Minist Hlth, Lome, Togo. [Ziperstein, Joshua; Chapleau, Gina] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sodahlon, Yao] Mectizan Donat Program, Decatur, GA USA. RP Mathieu, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov; monicadork@yahoo.fr; michael.datagni@yahoo.fr; pcantey@cdc.gov; morgah@yahoo.fr; kaharvey@cdc.gov; joshzip@gmail.com; isj3@cdc.gov; gina.chapleau@emory.edu; ysodahlon@taskforce.org FU U. S. Agency for International Development; IMA World Health FX This study was supported by the U. S. Agency for International Development and IMA World Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0453 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600005 PM 23690550 ER PT J AU Muok, EMO Simiyu, EW Ochola, EA Ng'ang'a, ZW Secor, WE Karanja, DMS Mwinzi, PNM AF Muok, Erick M. O. Simiyu, Elses W. Ochola, Elizabeth A. Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W. Secor, W. Evan Karanja, Diana M. S. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. TI Short Report: Association Between CD4(+) T-Lymphocyte Counts and Fecal Excretion of Schistosoma mansoni Eggs in Patients Coinfected with S. mansoni and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Before and After Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN KENYA; INFECTION AB Previously, we have shown that persons with human immunodeficiency virus I (HIV-1) infection and reduced CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts excrete significantly fewer Schistosoma mansoni eggs than HIV-1-negative persons with similar intensities of schistosome infections. To determine how antiretroviral therapy (ART) might affect egg excretion, we conducted a study of HIV+ adults living in an area highly endemic for S. mansoni as they began an ART program. Fecal egg excretion and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts were evaluated at enrollment as well as 2 and 4 weeks after initiation of ART. Fourteen individuals who were Kato-Katz-negative at enrollment subsequently started excreting S. mansoni eggs accompanied by a significant increase in CD4(+) T lymphocytes (P = 0.004). Study participants who were S. mansoni egg-positive at enrollment and received both praziquantel and ART also showed significantly increased CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts compared with baseline (P < 0.0001). Our data support a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes in S. mansoni egg excretion. C1 [Muok, Erick M. O.; Ochola, Elizabeth A.; Karanja, Diana M. S.; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Simiyu, Elses W.] Maseno Univ, Dept Zool, Maseno, Kenya. [Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Hlth Sci, Nairobi, Kenya. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EMuok@kemricdc.org; elsessim@yahoo.com; EAkinyi@kemricdc.org; zipnganga@gmail.com; was4@cdc.gov; DKaranja@kemricdc.org; PMwinzi@kemricdc.org FU European and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership Senior Fellowship FX This research was supported by an European and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership Senior Fellowship awarded to P.N.M.M. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 42 EP 45 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0045 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600008 PM 23669231 ER PT J AU Lin, A Arnold, BF Afreen, S Goto, R Huda, TMN Haque, R Raqib, R Unicomb, L Ahmed, T Colford, JM Luby, SP AF Lin, Audrie Arnold, Benjamin F. Afreen, Sadia Goto, Rie Huda, Tarique Mohammad Nurul Haque, Rashidul Raqib, Rubhana Unicomb, Leanne Ahmed, Tahmeed Colford, John M., Jr. Luby, Stephen P. TI Household Environmental Conditions Are Associated with Enteropathy and Impaired Growth in Rural Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY; ANTHELMINTIC TREATMENT; TROPICAL ENTEROPATHY; CHILD UNDERNUTRITION; BIOCHEMICAL STATUS; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; CAUSAL INFERENCE; GAMBIAN INFANTS; WATER; DIARRHEA AB We assessed the relationship of fecal environmental contamination and environmental enteropathy. We compared markers of environmental enteropathy, parasite burden, and growth in 119 Bangladeshi children (<= 48 months of age) across rural Bangladesh living in different levels of household environmental cleanliness defined by objective indicators of water quality and sanitary and hand-washing infrastructure. Adjusted for potential confounding characteristics, children from clean households had 0.54 SDs (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06, 1.01) higher height-for-age z scores (HAZs), 0.32 SDs (95% CI = -0.72, 0.08) lower lactulose:mannitol (L:M) ratios in urine, and 0.24 SDs (95% CI = -0.63, 0.16) lower immunoglobulin G endotoxin core antibody (IgG EndoCAb) titers than children from contaminated households. After adjusting for age and sex, a 1-unit increase in the In L:M was associated with a 0.33 SDs decrease in HAZ (95% CI = -0.62, -0.05). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that environmental contamination causes growth faltering mediated through environmental enteropathy. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lin, Audrie; Arnold, Benjamin F.; Colford, John M., Jr.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Afreen, Sadia; Huda, Tarique Mohammad Nurul; Haque, Rashidul; Raqib, Rubhana; Unicomb, Leanne; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Goto, Rie] Univ Cambridge, Div Biol Anthropol, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Cambridge, England. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lin, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, 50 Univ Hall,7360, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM audrielin@berkeley.edu; benarnold@berkeley.edu; afreen@icddrb.org; rg277@cam.ac.uk; n_huda@icddrb.org; rhaque@icddrb.org; rubhana@icddrb.org; leanne@icddrb.org; tahmeed@icddrb.org; jcolford@berkeley.edu; sluby@icddrb.org OI Raqib, Rubhana/0000-0002-8116-4511 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPPGD759]; National Science Foundation; Stanford Graduate Fellowship; Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Education and Research (Spectrum); Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United Nations Children's Fund FX This research was financially supported by Global Development Grant OPPGD759 from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (to the University of California at Berkeley; A.L., B.F.A., S.A., L.U., J.M.C., and S.P.L.); a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (to A.L.); a Stanford Graduate Fellowship (to A.L.); the Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Education and Research (Spectrum) and the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health (A.L.); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.L.); and United Nations Children's Fund (S.L.) NR 37 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 130 EP 137 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0629 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600022 PM 23629931 ER PT J AU Akinbo, FO Okaka, CE Omoregie, R Adamu, H Xiao, LH AF Akinbo, Frederick O. Okaka, Christopher E. Omoregie, Richard Adamu, Haileeyesus Xiao, Lihua TI Unusual Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotypes and Cryptosporidium hominis Subtypes in HIV-Infected Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIOSIS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NIGERIA; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; AUSTRALIA; CHILDREN; SEQUENCE; DIARRHEA; ANIMALS AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons are commonly infected with Cryptosporidium species and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in both developed and developing countries, particularly patients with CD4+ cell counts below 200 cells/mu L; 285 HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were enrolled in this study, and both stool and blood specimens were collected from participants. The stool specimens were analyzed and typed for E. bieneusi and Cryptosporidium spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. CD4 count was analyzed using flow cytometry. E. bieneusi and Cryptosporidium were detected in 18 (6.3%) and 4 (1.4%) patients, respectively. The E. bieneusi detected mostly belonged to a new genotype group that, thus far, has only been found in a few humans: genotype Nig4 in 2 patients and two new genotypes related to Nig4 in 12 patients. The Cryptosporidium detected included C. hominis (two patients), C. parvum (one patient), and C. felis (one patient), with the two C. hominis infections belonging to an unusual subtype family. Additional studies are required to determine whether some E. bieneusi genotypes and C. hominis subtypes are more prevalent in HIV patients on HAART. C1 Univ Benin, Dept Med Lab Sci, Benin, Nigeria. Univ Benin, Dept Anim & Environm Biol, Benin, Nigeria. [Omoregie, Richard] Univ Benin, Teaching Hosp, Sch Med Lab Sci, Benin, Nigeria. [Adamu, Haileeyesus; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Akinbo, Frederick O.] Univ Benin, Dept Med Lab Sci, Sch Basic Sci, Benin, Nigeria. [Okaka, Christopher E.] Univ Benin, Fac Life Sci, Dept Anim & Environm Biol, Benin, Nigeria. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fgbengang@yahoo.com; drceokaka@yahoo.com; richyomos@yahoo.com; haile27@ymail.com; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Adamu, Haileeyesus/0000-0003-2998-5977 NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 BP 157 EP 161 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0635 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BG UT WOS:000321939600026 PM 23629938 ER PT J AU Nelms, BM Macedo, PA Kothera, L Savage, HM Reisen, WK AF Nelms, Brittany M. Macedo, Paula A. Kothera, Linda Savage, Harry M. Reisen, William K. TI Overwintering Biology of Culex (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes in the Sacramento Valley of California SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diapause; quiescence; West Nile virus; degree-day; molestus ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; PIPIENS COMPLEX MOSQUITOS; NEW-YORK-CITY; TARSALIS DIPTERA; ANAUTOGENOUS POPULATIONS; NATURAL POPULATIONS; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; KERN COUNTY; QUINQUEFASCIATUS DIPTERA; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION AB At temperate latitudes, Culex (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes typically overwinter as adult females in reproductive arrest and also may serve as reservoir hosts for arboviruses when cold temperatures arrest viral replication. To evaluate their role in the persistence of West Nile virus (WNV) in the Sacramento Valley of California, the induction and termination of diapause were investigated for members of the Culex pipiens (L.) complex, Culex tarsalis Coquillett, and Culex stigmatosoma Dyar under field, seminatural, and experimental conditions. All Culex spp. remained vagile throughout winter, enabling the collection of 3,174 females and 1,706 males from diverse habitats during the winters of 2010-2012. Overwintering strategies included both quiescence and diapause. In addition, Cx. pipiens form molestus Forskal females remained reproductively active in both underground and aboveground habitats. Some blood-fed, gravid, and parous Cx. tarsalis and Cx. pipiens complex females were collected throughout the winter period. Under both field and experimental conditions, Cx. tarsalis and Cx. stigmatosoma females exposed to autumnal conditions arrested primary follicular maturation at previtellogenic stage I, with primary to secondary follicular ratios < 1.5 (indicative of a hormonally induced diapause). In contrast, most Cx. pipiens complex females did not enter reproductive diapause and ovarian follicles matured to >= stage I-II (host-seeking arrest) or were found in various stages of degeneration. Diapause was initiated in the majority of Cx. tarsalis and Cx. stigmatosoma females by mid-late October and was terminated after the winter solstice, but host-seeking seemed limited by temperature. An accrual of 97.52 +/- 30.7 and 162.85 +/- 79.3 degree-days after the winter solstice was estimated to be necessary for diapause termination in Cx. tarsalis under field and seminatural conditions, respectively. An increase in the proportion of blood-fed Culex females in resting collections occurred concurrently with diapause termination in field populations based on ovarian morphometrics. WNV RNA was detected in one pool of 18 males and in a single blood-fed female Cx. tarsalis collected during winter. Therefore, both vertically and horizontally infected Culex females may persist through winter and possibly transmit WNV after diapause termination in late winter or early spring in the Sacramento Valley of California. C1 [Nelms, Brittany M.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Nelms, Brittany M.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Macedo, Paula A.] Sacramento Yolo Mosquito & Vector Control Dist, Elk Grove, CA 95624 USA. [Kothera, Linda; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Reisen, WK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wkreisen@ucdavis.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [RO1 AI 55607]; Sacramento-Yolo MVCD; NIH fellowship from the Training Program in Biology of Disease Vectors [T32 AI074550] FX We thank David Brown, the Tauzer Family, and Susan Maggy for allowing and assisting with mosquito collections from their property; and John Albright from the Shasta Mosquito and Vector Control District for collecting and sending mosquitoes. We also thank Randy Burkhalter and Marcia Reed of the Sacramento-Yolo Mosquito and Vector Control District for assisting with identification of field sites and for mosquito collection. Daily temperature data were provided by Andrew Michaelis and Forrest Melton from the Ecological Forecasting Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, and Bborie Park from the Center for Vectorborne Diseases. This research was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Grant RO1 AI 55607 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, funds provided by the Sacramento-Yolo MVCD, and by an , grant NIH fellowship from the Training Program in Biology of Disease Vectors T32 AI074550. NR 61 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 36 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 50 IS 4 BP 773 EP 790 DI 10.1603/ME12280 PG 18 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 184NI UT WOS:000321897300013 PM 23926775 ER PT J AU Gustin, KM Katz, JM Tumpey, TM Maines, TR AF Gustin, Kortney M. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. Maines, Taronna R. TI Comparison of the Levels of Infectious Virus in Respirable Aerosols Exhaled by Ferrets Infected with Influenza Viruses Exhibiting Diverse Transmissibility Phenotypes SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS; MODEL; PATHOGENESIS; H5N1; EXPOSURE AB Influenza viruses pose a major public health burden to communities around the world by causing respiratory infections that can be highly contagious and spread rapidly through the population. Despite extensive research on influenza viruses, the modes of transmission occurring most often among humans are not entirely clear. Contributing to this knowledge gap is the lack of an understanding of the levels of infectious virus present in respirable aerosols exhaled from infected hosts. Here, we used the ferret model to evaluate aerosol shedding patterns and measure the amount of infectious virus present in exhaled respirable aerosols. By comparing these parameters among a panel of human and avian influenza viruses exhibiting diverse respiratory droplet transmission efficiencies, we are able to report that ferrets infected by highly transmissible influenza viruses exhale a greater number of aerosol particles and more infectious virus within respirable aerosols than ferrets infected by influenza viruses that do not readily transmit. Our findings improve our understanding of the ferret transmission model and provide support for the potential for influenza virus aerosol transmission. C1 [Gustin, Kortney M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Maines, Taronna R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Maines, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tmaines@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX K. M. Gustin is supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 87 IS 14 BP 7864 EP 7873 DI 10.1128/JVI.00719-13 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 172PX UT WOS:000321017700008 PM 23658443 ER PT J AU Patel, PR AF Patel, Priti R. TI Understanding & Preventing Infectious Complications in Dialysis Introduction SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pgp0@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 375 EP 375 DI 10.1111/sdi.12118 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200003 PM 23859186 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Cannon, M Srinivasan, A AF Gupta, Neil Cannon, Marjory Srinivasan, Arjun CA Working Grp Fed Steering Comm TI National Agenda for Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections in Dialysis Centers SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; OUTPATIENT HEMODIALYSIS CENTER; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK AB Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. To coordinate HAI prevention efforts, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services established the National Action Plan to Prevent Healthcare Associated Infections in End-Stage Renal Disease Facilities. This comprehensive plan prioritizes HAI prevention practices and 5-year evaluation targets based on the burden of disease, level of scientific evidence, and anticipated impact from the recommended intervention. As such, the Plan focuses primarily on interventions to reduce vascular access-related complications and infections with hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus. Over the last decade, there have been several efforts to expand HAI surveillance and prevention efforts, including coordination of HAI reporting metrics across multiple national agencies, changes in financial incentives by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), and federal funding for expansion of state-based HAI prevention programs. As a result, a paradigm shift in HAI prevention has developed. Public health officials have assumed greater responsibility in reducing the burden of HAIs and healthcare providers have become more involved in HAI prevention. Since the Plan was initially drafted, several collaborative efforts in dialysis facilities have reported a reduction in HAIs through implementation of these interventions. These early successes highlight the potential impact of coordinated action to combat HAIs in dialysis settings and this National Action Plan provides evidence-based strategies on how best to achieve this. C1 [Gupta, Neil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gupta, Neil; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cannon, Marjory] Ctr Medicare Serv, Qual Improvement Grp Ctr Clin Stand & Qual, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cannon, Marjory] Ctr Medicaid Serv, Qual Improvement Grp Ctr Clin Stand & Qual, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM NGupta1@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 376 EP 383 DI 10.1111/sdi.12091 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200004 PM 23682791 ER PT J AU Wise, ME Lovell, C AF Wise, Matthew E. Lovell, Chris TI Public Health Surveillance in the Dialysis Setting: Opportunities and Challenges for Using Electronic Health Records SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; SURGICAL SITE INFECTION; AUTOMATED SURVEILLANCE; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES; CENTRAL-LINE; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; SYSTEM; HEMODIALYSIS; BACTEREMIA AB The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has conducted public health surveillance for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in dialysis facilities since the 1970s, evolving from facility-level surveys to patient-level surveillance systems. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recently implemented incentives for all end-stage renal disease (ESRD) facilities to monitor and report patient-level quality indicators to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) in accordance with the NHSN Dialysis Event Protocol. These CMS incentives have led to a rapid increase in dialysis facility NHSN enrollment during 2012. Ongoing challenges to HAI surveillance in this setting include variability in the surveillance process, assurance of data quality, and staff time and resource requirements. Use of existing electronic health records (EHR), especially in conjunction with detection algorithms, has increasingly been shown to produce valid and reliable estimates of HAI frequency in acute care hospitals. Given the large number of dialysis facilities that are now beginning to conduct surveillance using NHSN, the typical lack of dedicated infection prevention personnel in those facilities, and the widespread use of EHR in large dialysis provider organizations, the use of EHR will probably become a cornerstone of surveillance in these settings. Implemented properly, the use of EHR to support public health surveillance has enormous potential to focus and strengthen infection prevention activities in dialysis facilities. Systematic, ongoing validation efforts will be vital to ensure that reported data are accurate, permit valid comparisons of facility performance, and effectively support improved outcomes for dialysis patients. C1 [Wise, Matthew E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lovell, Chris] Dialysis Clin Inc, Nashville, TN USA. RP Wise, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outbreak Response & Prevent Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxx4@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 399 EP 406 DI 10.1111/sdi.12098 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200006 PM 23721477 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ AF Kallen, Alexander J. TI Identifying and Classifying Bloodstream Infections Among Hemodialysis Patients SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID CATHETER-RELATED BACTEREMIA; COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; INSERTED INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS; CULTURE CONTAMINATION RATES; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; CLINICAL UTILITY; PERIPHERAL VENIPUNCTURE; INTRAVASCULAR CATHETERS; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS AB Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a prominent clinical problem in patients undergoing hemodialysis. These infections appear to be more common among patients who have a central line as their dialysis access and can be associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Accurately diagnosing BSIs clearly influences patient management, but is also an important part of an infection prevention program; particularly as facility BSI rates are becoming a recognized quality measure for which dialysis facilities might be held accountable. Blood cultures remain the gold standard for diagnosing BSIs and a number of practices can affect the sensitivity and specificity of this important laboratory test. Optimizing the collection of blood cultures can assist providers with interpretation of positive blood cultures and can help minimize the impact of false-positive and false-negative cultures. This review will describe differences between BSI definitions, examine the use of blood cultures to identify these infections including the use of recommended best practices to maximize culture yield, and highlight characteristics that can assist in the clinical interpretation of positive blood cultures. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ffp0@cdc.gov NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 EI 1525-139X J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 407 EP 415 DI 10.1111/sdi.12092 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200007 PM 23594181 ER PT J AU Coulliette, AD Arduino, MJ AF Coulliette, Angela D. Arduino, Matthew J. TI Hemodialysis and Water Quality SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAPURE DIALYSIS FLUID; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTEREMIA; LONG-TERM HEMODIALYSIS; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; PYROGENIC REACTIONS; MICROBIAL-CONTAMINATION; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; CLINICAL-USEFULNESS; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM AB Over 383,900 individuals in the U.S. undergo maintenance hemodialysis that exposes them to water, primarily in the form of dialysate. The quality of water and associated dialysis solutions have been implicated in adverse patient outcomes and is therefore critical. The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation has published both standards and recommended practices that address both water and the dialyzing solutions. Some of these recommendations have been adopted into Federal Regulations by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services as part of the Conditions for Coverage, which includes limits on specific contaminants within water used for dialysis, dialysate, and substitution fluids. Chemical, bacterial, and endotoxin contaminants are health threats to dialysis patients, as shown by the continued episodic nature of outbreaks since the 1960s causing at least 592 cases and 16 deaths in the U.S. The importance of the dialysis water distribution system, current standards and recommendations, acceptable monitoring methods, a review of chemical, bacterial, and endotoxin outbreaks, and infection control programs are discussed. C1 [Coulliette, Angela D.; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. RP Coulliette, AD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM acoulliette@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 107 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 427 EP 438 DI 10.1111/sdi.12113 PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200009 PM 23859187 ER PT J AU Mbaeyi, C Thompson, ND AF Mbaeyi, Chukwuma Thompson, Nicola D. TI Hepatitis C Virus Screening and Management of Seroconversions in Hemodialysis Facilities SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; UNITED-STATES; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; CONTAMINATION; DIALYSIS; SURVEILLANCE; PRECAUTIONS AB Over the past two decades, healthcare-associated exposure has increasingly been proved to be a means of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission, especially in hemodialysis facilities. The prevalence of HCV among hemodialysis patients is known to be several times greater than that of the general population of the United States, and chronic HCV infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality among these patients. During 2008-2011, HCV infection outbreaks were identified in multiple US hemodialysis facilities, resulting in at least 46 new HCV infections among hemodialysis patients. These outbreaks, linked to infection control breaches, also highlight the failure of some facilities to follow established guidelines for routine HCV antibody (anti-HCV) screening and response to new HCV infection among hemodialysis patients. Current national guidelines recommend screening of hemodialysis patients for anti-HCV on facility admission and, for susceptible patients, on a semiannual basis. Here, we seek to underscore the importance of compliance with national recommendations for anti-HCV screening of hemodialysis patients and actions to be taken in the event of possible HCV transmission within a hemodialysis facility. These include general steps to ensure that: hemodialysis patients are routinely screened for anti-HCV to facilitate early detection of new infections; newly infected patients are informed of the change in their HCV status and undergo clinical evaluation; and public health officials are notified of new HCV infections in a timely manner. We then focus on the need to assess infection control practices at the facility, with particular attention given to safe handling of injectable medications, hand hygiene and disinfection practices. In the absence of a vaccine, routine screening and adherence to standard infection control practices will remain the key strategies for preventing HCV transmission in hemodialysis units. C1 [Mbaeyi, Chukwuma] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mbaeyi, Chukwuma; Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mbaeyi, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmbaeyi@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 BP 439 EP 446 DI 10.1111/sdi.12097 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 184LV UT WOS:000321892200010 PM 23859188 ER PT J AU Bogart, LM Cowgill, BO Sharma, AJ Uyeda, K Sticklor, LA Alijewicz, KE Schuster, MA AF Bogart, Laura M. Cowgill, Burton O. Sharma, Andrea J. Uyeda, Kimberly Sticklor, Laurel A. Alijewicz, Katie E. Schuster, Mark A. TI Parental and Home Environmental Facilitators of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Overweight and Obese Latino Youth SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent; beverage; Hispanic American; obesity ID SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; WEIGHT; FRUIT; RISK; ASSOCIATIONS; VEGETABLES AB OBJECTIVE: To explore parental and home environmental facilitators of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and water consumption among obese/overweight Latino youth. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 55 overweight/obese Latino youth aged 10 to 18 and 55 parents, recruited from school-based clinics and a school in one West Coast district. All youth consumed SSBs regularly and lived in a home where SSBs were available. We used qualitative methods to examine key themes around beliefs about SSBs and water, facilitators of SSB and water consumption, and barriers to reducing SSB consumption. RESULTS: A few parents and youth believed that sports drinks are healthy. Although nearly all thought that water is healthy, most parents and about half of youth thought that tap water is unsafe. About half of parent-child dyads had discordant beliefs regarding their perceptions of tap water. About half of parents believed that homemade culturally relevant drinks (eg, aguas frescas), which typically contain sugar, fruit, and water, were healthy because of their "natural" ingredients. Participants cited home availability as a key factor in SSB consumption. About half of parents set no rules about SSB consumption at home. Among those with rules, most parent-child pairs differed on their beliefs about the content of the rules, and youth reported few consequences for breaking rules. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity programs for Latino youth should address misconceptions around water and should discuss culturally relevant drinks and sports drinks as potential sources of weight gain. Health care providers can help parents set appropriate rules by educating about the risks of keeping SSBs at home. C1 [Bogart, Laura M.; Schuster, Mark A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bogart, Laura M.; Sticklor, Laurel A.; Alijewicz, Katie E.; Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cowgill, Burton O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Uyeda, Kimberly] Los Angeles Unified Sch Dist, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Bogart, LM (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM laura.bogart@childrens.harvard.edu OI Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48 DP000883 SIP]; [R24 MD001648] FX Supported by grant U48 DP000883 SIP (PI, Bogart) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The preparation of this article was partially supported by R24 MD001648 (PI, Schuster). We are grateful to Sara Johnson-Cardona, Venus Reyes, Nichole Schneider, and Guadalupe Mota for conducting interviews, Elizabeth Schink for helping with the data analysis, and the LAUSD clinics and staff for their support. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 348 EP 355 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 186QG UT WOS:000322058600011 PM 23680295 ER PT J AU Omore, R O'Reilly, CE Williamson, J Moke, F Were, V Farag, TH Van Eijk, AM Kotloff, KL Levine, MM Obor, D Odhiambo, F Vulule, J Laserson, KF Mintz, ED Breiman, RF AF Omore, Richard O'Reilly, Clara E. Williamson, John Moke, Fenny Were, Vincent Farag, Tamer H. Van Eijk, Anna Maria Kotloff, Karen L. Levine, Myron M. Obor, David Odhiambo, Frank Vulule, John Laserson, Kayla F. Mintz, Eric D. Breiman, Robert F. TI Health Care-Seeking Behavior During Childhood Diarrheal Illness: Results of Health Care Utilization and Attitudes Surveys of Caretakers in Western Kenya, 2007-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL ENTERIC MULTICENTER; ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY; DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BACTERIAL DIARRHEA; CASE-MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY; TRANSMISSION; REDUCTIONS; GEMS AB We interviewed caretakers of 1,043 children < 5 years old in a baseline cross-sectional survey (April to May 2007) and > 20,000 children on five separate subsequent occasions (May of 2009 to December 31, 2010) to assess healthcare seeking patterns for diarrhea. Diarrhea prevalence during the preceding 2 weeks ranged from 26% at baseline to 4-11% during 2009-2010. Caretakers were less likely to seek healthcare outside the home for infants (versus older children) with diarrhea (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.33, confidence interval [CI] = 0.12-0.87). Caretakers of children with reduced food intake (aOR = 3.42, CI = 1.37-8.53) and sunken eyes during their diarrheal episode were more likely to seek care outside home (aOR = 4.76, CI = 1.13-8.89). Caretakers with formal education were more likely to provide oral rehydration solution (aOR = 3.01, CI = 1.41-6.42) and visit a healthcare facility (aOR = 3.32, CI = 1.56-7.07). Studies calculating diarrheal incidence and healthcare seeking should account for seasonal trends. Improving caretakers' knowledge of home management could prevent severe diarrhea. C1 [Omore, Richard; Williamson, John; Moke, Fenny; Were, Vincent; Obor, David; Odhiambo, Frank; Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [O'Reilly, Clara E.; Mintz, Eric D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodbome Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farag, Tamer H.; Kotloff, Karen L.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Van Eijk, Anna Maria] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Breiman, RF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM romore@kemricdc.org; jwilliamson@ke.cdc.gov; fmoke@kemricdc.org; vwere@kemricdc.org; tfarag@medicine.umaryland.edu; amvaneijk@yahoo.com; Kkotloff@medicine.umaryland.edu; mlevine@medicine.umaryland.edu; dobor@kemricdc.org; fodhiambo@ke.cdc.gov; jvulule@kisian.mimcom.net; Klaserson@ke.cdc.gov; edml@cdc.gov; rfbreiman@emory.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development, Baltimore, MD FX This study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development, Baltimore, MD (M.M.L., Principle Investigator). NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 IS 1 SU S BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0755 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 185BH UT WOS:000321939700005 PM 23629929 ER PT J AU Grajewski, B Pinkerton, LE AF Grajewski, Barbara Pinkerton, Lynne E. TI Exposure Assessment at 30 000 Feet: Challenges and Future Directions SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE cosmic radiation; exposure assessment; flight crew; skin cancer; ultraviolet radiation ID COSMIC-RADIATION; AIRLINE PILOTS; CANCER INCIDENCE; CABIN ATTENDANTS; COHORT; CREW; MORTALITY AB Few studies of cancer mortality and incidence among flight crew have included a detailed assessment of both occupational exposures and lifestyle factors that may influence the risk of cancer. In this issue, Kojo et al. (Risk factors for skin cancer among Finnish airline cabin crew. Ann Occup. Hyg 2013; 57: 695-704) evaluated the relative contributions of ultraviolet and cosmic radiation to the incidence of skin cancer in Finnish flight attendants. This is a useful contribution, yet the reason flight crew members have an increased risk of skin cancer compared with the general population remains unclear. Good policy decisions for flight crew will depend on continued and emerging effective collaborations to increase study power and improve exposure assessment in future flight crew health studies. Improving the assessment of occupational exposures and non-occupational factors will cost additional time and effort, which are well spent if the role of exposures can be clarified in larger studies. C1 [Grajewski, Barbara; Pinkerton, Lynne E.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Grajewski, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM bag2@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 57 IS 6 BP 692 EP 694 DI 10.1093/annhyg/met039 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 190KL UT WOS:000322338600002 PM 23818455 ER PT J AU Niederkrotenthaler, T Xu, LK Parks, SE Sugerman, DE AF Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Xu, Likang Parks, Sharyn E. Sugerman, David E. TI Descriptive factors of abusive head trauma in young children-United States, 2000-2009 SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE Abusive head trauma; Child abuse; Baby shaking; Intracranial trauma; Prevention; Infants; United States ID SHAKEN-BABY-SYNDROME; BRAIN-INJURY; PHYSICAL ABUSE; HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; CHANGE KNOWLEDGE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INFANTS; MECHANISMS; PREVENTION; FRACTURES AB Objective: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of severe injury in maltreated children in the United States. There is little research from nationally representative datasets available to characterize young children who had AHT compared to non-abusive head trauma (NAHT). Methods: Using the recent CDC AHT case definition, we performed a retrospective analysis of 2000, 2003, 2006 and 2009 hospitalization data using the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Logistic regression was used to compare AHT to NAHT patients <2 years of age. Socio-demographic data and indicators of socioeconomic status (i.e., insurance status and household income), presence of chronic conditions, injury severity (i.e., length of hospital stay and vital status), hospital specialization (i.e., hospital type), hospital region, and season of admission were used as independent variables. Results: A weighted sample of 7,603 ART and 25,339 NAHT patients was identified. National rates for AHT were 39.8 per 100,000 population for children <1 year and 6.8 per 100,000 population for children 1 year old. Compared to NAHT, children with AHT were more often <1 year of age (adjusted odds ratio [a012] = 2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.35-3.01), male (aOR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.20), enrolled in Medicaid (aOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 2.49-3.11), hospitalized longer (aOR = 8.26; 95% CI: 7.24-9.43), died during hospitalization (aOR = 5.12; 95% CI: 4.01-6.53), and seen at children's hospitals (aOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.63-2.38) and hospitals outside the Northeast [aOR = 2.65 (95% CI: 2.10-3.33) for the Midwest, 1.90 (95% CI: 1.52-2.38) for the South and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.45-2.57) for the West, respectively]. Conclusions: The results confirm that injuries from AHT are more severe and more often lethal than other head injuries. Socioeconomically disadvantaged families with children <1 year are an important focus for primary prevention. The associations of AHT, compared to NAHT with hospital type and hospital region warrant further investigation. Referral or reporting patterns, or true differences in the incidence may contribute to the identified associations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci,Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas; Sugerman, David E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NCIPC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas; Xu, Likang; Sugerman, David E.] Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NCIPC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Parks, Sharyn E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NCIPC, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Niederkrotenthaler, T (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Publ Hlth, Dept Gen Practice & Family Med, Wahringerstr 13a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. OI Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas/0000-0001-9550-628X NR 53 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2134 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 37 IS 7 BP 446 EP 455 DI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.02.002 PG 10 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA 185BV UT WOS:000321941100003 PM 23535075 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Botelho, JC Tai, SSC Van Uytfanghe, K Thienpont, LM AF Vesper, Hubert W. Botelho, Julianne Cook Tai, Susan S. -C. Van Uytfanghe, Katleen Thienpont, Linda M. TI Isotopic Abundance Yields Bias in the Assessment of Testosterone in a New Reference Method Procedure Reply SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN SERUM C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Botelho, Julianne Cook] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tai, Susan S. -C.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Van Uytfanghe, Katleen; Thienpont, Linda M.] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Analyt Chem Lab, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hvesper@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 59 IS 7 BP 1130 EP 1131 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2013.205856 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 179VK UT WOS:000321549400023 PM 23971088 ER PT J AU Serdula, MK Lundeen, E Nichols, EK Imanalieva, C Minbaev, M Mamyrbaeva, T Timmer, A Aburto, NJ AF Serdula, M. K. Lundeen, E. Nichols, E. K. Imanalieva, C. Minbaev, M. Mamyrbaeva, T. Timmer, A. Aburto, N. J. CA Kyrgyz Republic Working Grp TI Effects of a large-scale micronutrient powder and young child feeding education program on the micronutrient status of children 6-24 months of age in the Kyrgyz Republic SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE anemia; iron deficiency; micronutrients; dietary supplements; child preschool; powders ID RETINOL-BINDING-PROTEIN; VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY; HOME FORTIFICATION; IRON-DEFICIENCY; ANEMIA; SPRINKLES; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; NUTRITION; EFFICACY AB BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To combat iron and other micronutrient deficiencies, the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic launched a regional Infant and Young Child Nutrition (IYCN) program in 2009, which included promotion of home fortification with micronutrient powder (MNP) containing iron (12.5 mg elemental iron), vitamin A (300 mu g) and other micronutrients. Every 2 months children aged 6-24 months were provided 30 sachets to be taken on a flexible schedule. The objective was to assess biochemical indicators of iron and vitamin A status among children aged 6-24 months at the baseline and follow-up surveys. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cross-sectional representative cluster surveys were conducted in 2008 (n = 571 children) and 2010 (n = 541). Data collected included measurement of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), retinol-binding protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha(1)-glycoprotein acid (AGP). RESULTS: Among all children, declines were observed in the prevalence of: anemia, 50.6% versus 43.8% (P = 0.05); total iron deficiency (either low ferritin or high sTfR), 77.3% versus 63.7% (P < 0.01); and iron deficiency anemia, 45.5% versus 33.4% (P<0.01). Among children without inflammation as measured by CRP and AGP, similar declines were observed, but only declines in total iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia reached statistical significance. Among all children and those without inflammation, the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency remained the same. CONCLUSIONS: One year after the introduction of home fortification with MNP, within a larger IYCN program, the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia declined, but vitamin A deficiency remained unchanged. C1 [Serdula, M. K.; Aburto, N. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lundeen, E.] Swiss Red Cross, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. [Lundeen, E.] Emory Univ, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nichols, E. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Imanalieva, C.; Minbaev, M.] United Nations Childrens Fund UNICEF, Kyrgyz Republ Country Off, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. [Mamyrbaeva, T.] Kyrgyz Republ Minist Hlth, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. [Timmer, A.] UNICEF, New York, NY USA. RP Serdula, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mks1@cdc.gov FU Central and Eastern Europe/Commonwealth of Independent States UNICEF regional office; Swiss Red Cross FX Both surveys were administered under a cooperative agreement between UNICEF and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The surveys were carried out with support from the Central and Eastern Europe/Commonwealth of Independent States UNICEF regional office and the Swiss Red Cross. The collaborating partners included the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic (MOH), the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic (NSC), the Talas Oblast Regional Statistics Department and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)-Kyrgyz Republic country office. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 67 IS 7 BP 703 EP 707 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2013.67 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 179RU UT WOS:000321539800004 PM 23531779 ER PT J AU Miller, CH Rice, AS Boylan, B Shapiro, AD Lentz, SR Wicklund, BM Kelly, FM Soucie, JM AF Miller, C. H. Rice, A. S. Boylan, B. Shapiro, A. D. Lentz, S. R. Wicklund, B. M. Kelly, F. M. Soucie, J. M. CA Hemophilia Inhibitor Res Study TI Comparison of clot-based, chromogenic and fluorescence assays for measurement of factor VIII inhibitors in the US Hemophilia Inhibitor Research Study SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE factor VIII; factor VIII inhibitor; hemophilia A; immunology and fluorescence immunoassay ID A PATIENTS; BETHESDA ASSAY; LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS; ANTIBODIES; PLASMA; FVIII AB Background Detection and validation of inhibitors (antibodies) to hemophilia treatment products are important for clinical care, evaluation of product safety and assessment of population trends. Methods Centralized monitoring for factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors was conducted for patients in the Hemophilia Inhibitor Research Study using a previously reported modified Nijmegen-Bethesda clotting assay (NBA), a chromogenic Bethesda assay (CBA) and a novel fluorescence immunoassay (FLI). Results NBA and CBA were performed on 1005 specimens and FLI on 272 specimens. CBA was negative on 880/883 specimens (99.7%) with Nijmegen-Bethesda units (NBU) <0.5 and positive on 42/42 specimens (100%) with NBU 2.0 and 43/80 specimens (53.8%) with NBU 0.5-1.9. Among specimens with positive NBA and negative CBA, 58.1% were FLI negative, 12.9% had evidence of lupus anticoagulant, and 35.5% had non-time-dependent inhibition. CBA and FLI were positive on 72.4% and 100% of 1.0-1.9 NBU specimens and 43.1% and 50.0% of 0.5-0.9 NBU specimens. FLI detected antibodies in 98.0% of CBA-positive and 81.6% of NBA-positive specimens (P=0.004). Among 21 new inhibitors detected by NBA, five (23.8%) with 0.7-1.3 NBU did not react in CBA or FLI. Among previously positive patients with 0.5-1.9 NBU, 7/25 (28%) were not CBA or FLI positive. FLI was positive on 36/169 NBU-negative specimens (21.3%). Conclusions FVIII specificity could not be demonstrated by CBA or FLI for 26% of inhibitors of 0.5-1.9 NBU; such results must be interpreted with caution. Low titer inhibitors detected in clot-based assays should always be repeated, with consideration given to evaluating their reactivity with FVIII using more specific assays. C1 [Miller, C. H.; Rice, A. S.; Boylan, B.; Kelly, F. M.; Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shapiro, A. D.] Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Lentz, S. R.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Wicklund, B. M.] Kansas City Reg Hemophilia Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Miller, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmiller2@cdc.gov OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU CDC Foundation through Pfizer Pharmaceuticals; CDC Foundation through Baxter Healthcare FX The work was supported by the CDC Foundation through grants from Pfizer Pharmaceuticals and Baxter Healthcare. The authors wish to thank the patients who participated and the study coordinators and administrators at the sites. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1300 EP 1309 DI 10.1111/jth.12259 PG 10 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 182SD UT WOS:000321763500011 PM 23601690 ER PT J AU Mneimneh, AS Boulet, SL Sunderam, S Zhang, YJ Jamieson, DJ Crawford, S McKane, P Copeland, G Mersol-Barg, M Grigorescu, V Cohen, B Steele, J Sappenfield, W Diop, H Kirby, RS Kissin, DM AF Mneimneh, Allison S. Boulet, Sheree L. Sunderam, Saswati Zhang, Yujia Jamieson, Denise J. Crawford, Sara McKane, Patricia Copeland, Glenn Mersol-Barg, Michael Grigorescu, Violanda Cohen, Bruce Steele, JoAnn Sappenfield, William Diop, Hafsatou Kirby, Russell S. Kissin, Dmitry M. CA States Monitoring Art SMART Collab TI States Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (SMART) Collaborative: Data Collection, Linkage, Dissemination, and Use SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; INSURANCE MANDATES; PERINATAL OUTCOMES; BIRTH-DEFECTS; INFERTILITY TREATMENTS; PRETERM BIRTH; CANCER-RISK; MASSACHUSETTS; METAANALYSIS; CHILDREN AB Assisted reproductive technology (ART) refers to fertility treatments in which both eggs and sperm are handled outside the body. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) oversees the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), which collects data on all ART procedures performed in the United States. The NASS, while a comprehensive source of data on ART patient demographics and clinical procedures, includes limited information on outcomes related to women's and children's health. To examine ART-related health outcomes, CDC and three states (Massachusetts, Florida, and Michigan) established the States Monitoring ART (SMART) Collaborative to evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes of ART and improve state-based ART surveillance. To date, NASS data have been linked with states' vital records, disease registries, and hospital discharge data with a linkage rate of 90.2%. The probabilistic linkage methodology used in the SMART Collaborative has been validated and found to be both accurate and efficient. A wide breadth of applied research within the Collaborative is planned or ongoing, including examinations of the impact of insurance mandates on ART use as well as the relationships between ART and birth defects and cancer, among others. The SMART Collaborative is working to improve state-based ART surveillance by developing state surveillance plans, establishing partnerships, and conducting data analyses. The SMART Collaborative has been instrumental in creating linked datasets and strengthening epidemiologic and research capacity for improving maternal and infant health programs and evaluating the public health impact of ART. C1 [Mneimneh, Allison S.; Boulet, Sheree L.; Sunderam, Saswati; Zhang, Yujia; Jamieson, Denise J.; Crawford, Sara; Grigorescu, Violanda; Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McKane, Patricia; Copeland, Glenn] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Mersol-Barg, Michael] Ctr Reprod Med & Surg, Birmingham, MI USA. [Cohen, Bruce; Diop, Hafsatou] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Steele, JoAnn] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Sappenfield, William; Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. RP Mneimneh, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fgg8@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 22 IS 7 BP 571 EP 577 DI 10.1089/jwh.2013.4452 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 180UI UT WOS:000321623800001 PM 23829183 ER PT J AU Kersh, GJ Priestley, R Massung, RF AF Kersh, Gilbert J. Priestley, Rachael Massung, Robert F. TI Stability of Coxiella burnetii in stored human blood SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID Q-FEVER; INFECTION AB BackgroundCoxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular organism, is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever. The seroprevalence rate for Q fever in the United States is 3.1%, suggesting a high number of infections each year. However, fewer than 200 cases of Q fever are reported to the CDC annually. This discrepancy is likely the result of underutilized diagnostics and a high percentage (>50%) of asymptomatic infections. The detection of C.burnetii in patient blood during the first 2 to 3 weeks of infection raises the possibility that the organism could be present in donated human blood. The purpose of this study was to determine if extracellular C.burnetii would be stable in blood under normal storage conditions. Study Design and MethodsDonated human blood was separated into whole blood, leukoreduced whole blood, red blood cells, and plasma. Each component was spiked with purified, extracellular C.burnetii strain Nine Mile Phase 1, and the viability and infectivity of the organisms were tested weekly. ResultsC.burnetii did not decrease in viability or the ability to infect cells after storage in any of the blood products, even after 6 weeks of storage at 1 to 6 degrees C. ConclusionsExtracellular C.burnetii can survive and remain infectious in donated blood products. C1 [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Priestley, Rachael; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, GJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkersh@cdc.gov FU Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority FX This work was supported by funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2013 VL 53 IS 7 BP 1493 EP 1496 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03912.x PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 180RI UT WOS:000321612400018 PM 23034070 ER PT J AU Kit, BK Fakhouri, THI Park, S Nielsen, SJ Ogden, CL AF Kit, Brian K. Fakhouri, Tala H. I. Park, Sohyun Nielsen, Samara Joy Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among youth and adults in the United States: 1999-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; DENTAL-CARIES; US ADULTS; HEALTH; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; METAANALYSIS; NUTRITION; DRINKS AB Background: Reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is a recommended strategy to promote optimal health. Objective: The objective was to describe trends in SSB consumption among youth and adults in the United States. Design: We analyzed energy intake from SSBs among 22,367 youth aged 2-19 y and 29,133 adults aged >= 20 y who participated in a 24-h dietary recall as part of NHANES, a nationally representative sample of the US population with a cross-sectional design, between 1999 and 2010. SSBs included soda, fruit drinks, sports and energy drinks, sweetened coffee and tea, and other sweetened beverages. Patterns of SSB consumption, including location of consumption and meal occasion associated with consumption, were also examined. Results: In 2009-2010, youth consumed a mean (+/- SE) of 155 +/- 7 kcal/d from SSBs, and adults consumed an age-adjusted mean (+/- SE) of 151 +/- 5 kcal/d from SSBs-a decrease from 1999 to 2000 of 68 kcal/d and 45 kcal/d, respectively (P-trend < 0.001 for each). In 2009-2010, SSBs contributed 8.0% +/- 0.4% and 6.9% +/- 0.2% of daily energy intake among youth and adults, respectively, which reflected a decrease compared with 1999-2000 (P-trend < 0.001 for both). Decreases in SSB consumption, both in the home and away from home and also with both meals and snacks, occurred over the 12-y study duration (P-trend < 0.01 for each). Conclusion: A decrease in SSB consumption among youth and adults in the United States was observed between 1999 and 2010. C1 [Kit, Brian K.; Fakhouri, Tala H. I.; Nielsen, Samara Joy; Ogden, Cynthia L.] CDC, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Kit, Brian K.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Fakhouri, Tala H. I.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Park, Sohyun] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kit, BK (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4419, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM igd0@cdc.gov OI Nielsen, Samara Joy/0000-0002-5777-6542 NR 34 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 51 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 98 IS 1 BP 180 EP 188 DI 10.3945/ajcn.112.057943 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 171EZ UT WOS:000320909200022 PM 23676424 ER PT J AU Pavkov, ME Knowler, WC Hanson, RL Williams, DE Lemley, KV Myers, BD Nelson, RG AF Pavkov, Meda E. Knowler, William C. Hanson, Robert L. Williams, Desmond E. Lemley, Kevin V. Myers, Bryan D. Nelson, Robert G. TI Comparison of Serum Cystatin C, Serum Creatinine, Measured GFR, and Estimated GFR to Assess the Risk of Kidney Failure in American Indians With Diabetic Nephropathy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Glomerular filtration rate; serum cystatin C; end-stage renal disease; type 2 diabetes ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; BODY-SURFACE AREA; TNF RECEPTORS 1; RENAL-FUNCTION; PREDICT ESRD; PIMA-INDIANS; ALL-CAUSE; DISEASE; MARKERS; METAANALYSIS AB Background: We compared values of baseline serum cystatin C (SCysC), serum creatinine (SCr), and measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) for predicting end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated albuminuria. Study Design: Observational longitudinal study. Setting & Participants: Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes and elevated albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR >= 30 mg/g). Predictors: Baseline SCysC, SCr, and mGFR. Outcomes & Measurements: Individuals were followed up from their first examination with diabetes and ACR >= 30 mg/g until December 2010, onset of ESRD, or death, whichever came first. Incidence rates adjusted for age and sex were computed by Mantel-Haenszel stratification. The abilities of SCysC, SCr, and mGFR values to predict ESRD were compared with receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Of 234 Pima Indians with a mean age of 42.8 years who were followed up for a median of 10.7 (range, 0.6-21.3) years, 68 (29%) developed ESRD. The incidence of ESRD was significantly higher in patients in the lowest versus highest tertile of 1/SCysC (incidence rate ratio, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.31-4.50). By contrast, mGFR and 1/SCr had J-shaped associations with ESRD. In unadjusted analyses, 1/SCysC had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC; 0.719 +/- 0.035) and mGFR had the lowest (0.585 +/- 0.042; P < 0.001); the AUROC for 1/SCr was intermediate (0.672 +/- 0.040; P = 0.1 and P = 0.03 vs 1/SCysC and mGFR, respectively). In analyses adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, height, weight, hemoglobin A(1c) level, and ACR, 1/SCysC had the highest AUROC (0.845 +/- 0.026). Models with mGFR or 1/SCr alone had similar AUROCs (P = 0.9) and both were lower than the model with 1/SCysC alone (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Limitations: The predictive values of the filtration markers are limited to the extent that their precision is based on a single measurement. Conclusions: SCysC level was a better predictor of ESRD than mGFR or SCr level in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes and elevated albuminuria. Am J Kidney Dis. 62(1):33-41. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Pavkov, Meda E.; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Knowler, William C.; Hanson, Robert L.; Nelson, Robert G.] NIDDK, NIH, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Lemley, Kevin V.] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Nephrol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Myers, Bryan D.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Nelson, RG (reprint author), NIH, 1550 East Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. EM rnelson@nih.gov RI Hanson, Robert/O-3238-2015 OI Hanson, Robert/0000-0002-4252-7068 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [09-FED-907651]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [09-FED-907651]; NIDDK FX This work was supported by an Interagency Agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK; 09-FED-907651) and by the Intramural Research Program of the NIDDK. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 62 IS 1 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.11.044 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 167RZ UT WOS:000320653000011 PM 23347458 ER PT J AU Nayak, AP Green, BJ Sussman, G Berlin, N Lata, H Chandra, S ElSohly, MA Hettick, JM Beezhold, DH AF Nayak, Ajay P. Green, Brett J. Sussman, Gordon Berlin, Noam Lata, Hemant Chandra, Suman ElSohly, Mahmoud A. Hettick, Justin M. Beezhold, Donald H. TI Characterization of Cannabis sativa allergens SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; CONTACT URTICARIA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; FOOD ALLERGENS; MARIJUANA; IDENTIFICATION; IGE AB Background: Allergic sensitization to Cannabis sativa is rarely reported, but the increasing consumption of marijuana has resulted in an increase in the number of individuals who become sensitized. To date, little is known about the causal allergens associated with C sativa. Objective: To characterize marijuana allergens in different components of the C sativa plant using serum IgE from marijuana sensitized patients. Methods: Serum samples from 23 patients with a positive skin prick test result to a crude C sativa extract were evaluated. IgE reactivity was variable between patients and C sativa extracts. IgE reactivity to C sativa proteins in Western blots was heterogeneous and ranged from 10 to 70 kDa. Putative allergens derived from 2-dimensional gels were identified. Results: Prominent IgE reactive bands included a 23-kDa oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 and a 50-kDa protein identified to be the photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Additional proteins were identified in the proteomic analysis, including those from adenosine triphosphate synthase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and luminal binding protein (heat shock protein 70), suggesting these proteins are potential allergens. Deglycosylation studies helped refine protein allergen identification and demonstrated significant IgE antibodies against plant oligosaccharides that could help explain cross-reactivity. Conclusion: Identification and characterization of allergens from C sativa may be helpful in further understanding allergic sensitization to this plant species. (C) 2013 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nayak, Ajay P.; Green, Brett J.; Hettick, Justin M.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Sussman, Gordon] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Berlin, Noam] Gordon Sussman Clinical Allergy Res Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Lata, Hemant; Chandra, Suman; ElSohly, Mahmoud A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Product Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Beezhold, DH (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM zec1@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [12-NS12-10]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [N01DA-10-7773] FX This study was supported in part by interagency agreement 12-NS12-10 with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in part by National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, contract N01DA-10-7773. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1 BP 32 EP U56 DI 10.1016/j.anai.2013.04.018 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 183NT UT WOS:000321823800008 PM 23806457 ER PT J AU Theis, KA Murphy, L Hootman, JM Wilkie, R AF Theis, K. A. Murphy, L. Hootman, J. M. Wilkie, R. TI Social Participation Restriction Among US Adults With Arthritis: A Population-Based Study Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OLDER-ADULTS; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; ACTIVITY LIMITATION; OUTCOME MEASURES; PAIN; DEPRESSION; EXERCISE AB ObjectiveTo examine arthritis impact among US adults with self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework (including the impairments, activity limitations, environmental, and personal factors domains and social participation restriction [SPR] as the outcome) overall and among those with and without SPR, and to identify the correlates of SPR. MethodsCross-sectional 2009 National Health Interview Survey data were analyzed to examine the distribution of the ICF domain components. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated to identify the correlates of SPR. Analyses using SAS, version 9.2 survey procedures accounted for the complex sample design. ResultsSPR prevalence was 11% of adults with arthritis (5.7 million). After initial multivariable adjustment by ICF domain, serious psychological distress (impairments domain; PR 2.5 [95% CI 2.0-3.2]), 5 medical office visits (environmental domain; PR 3.4 [95% CI 2.5-4.4]), and physical inactivity (personal domain; PR 4.8 [95% CI 3.6-6.4]) were most strongly associated with SPR. A combined measure (key limitations [walking, standing, or carrying]; PR 31.2 [95% CI 22.3-43.5]) represented the activity limitations domain. After final multivariable adjustment incorporating all ICF domains simultaneously, the strongest associations with SPR were key limitations (PR 24.3 [95% CI 16.8-35.1]), 9 hours of sleep (PR 1.6 [95% CI 1.3-2.0]), and income-to-poverty ratio <2.00 and severe joint pain (PR 1.4 [95% CI 1.2-1.6] for both). ConclusionSPR affects 1 of 9 adults with arthritis. This study is the first to use the ICF framework in a population-based sample to identify specific functional activities, pain, sleep, and other areas as priorities for intervention to reduce negative arthritis impacts on disability, including SPR. Increased use of existing clinical and public health interventions is warranted. C1 [Theis, K. A.; Murphy, L.; Hootman, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wilkie, R.] Keele Univ, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. RP Theis, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktheis@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 65 IS 7 BP 1059 EP 1069 DI 10.1002/acr.21977 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 174VF UT WOS:000321184000007 PM 23401463 ER PT J AU de Souz, MDM Widdowson, MA Alencar, AP Gawryszewski, VP Aziz-Baumgartner, E Palekar, R Breese, J Cheng, PY Barbos, J Cabrer, AM Olea, A Flores, AB Shay, DK Mounts, A Oliva, OP AF Marinho de Souz, Maria de Fatima Widdowson, Marc-Alain Alencar, Airlane P. Gawryszewski, Vilma P. Aziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Palekar, Rakhee Breese, Joseph Cheng, Po-Yung Barbos, Jarbas Cabrer, Ana M. Olea, Andrea Flores, Arturo B. Shay, David K. Mounts, Anthony Oliva, Otavio P. TI Trends in mortality from respiratory disease in Latin America since 1998 and the impact of the 2009 influenza pandemic SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; DEATHS; BURDEN; MEXICO AB Objective To determine trends in mortality from respiratory disease in several areas of Latin America between 1998 and 2009. Methods The numbers of deaths attributed to respiratory disease between 1998 and 2009 were extracted from mortality data from Argentina, southern Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico and Paraguay. Robust linear models were then fitted to the rates of mortality from respiratory disease recorded between 2003 and 2009. Findings Between 1998 and 2008, rates of mortality from respiratory disease gradually decreased in all age groups in most of the study areas. Among children younger than 5 years, for example, the annual rates of such mortality - across all seven study areas - fell from 56.9 deaths per 100 000 in 1998 to 26.6 deaths per 100 000 in 2008. Over this period, rates of mortality from respiratory disease were generally highest among adults older than 65 years and lowest among individuals aged 5 to 49 years. In 2009, mortality from respiratory disease was either similar to that recorded in 2008 or showed an increase - significant increases were-seen among children younger than 5 years in Paraguay, among those aged 5 to 49 years in southern Brazil, Mexico and Paraguay and among adults aged 50 to 64 years in Mexico and Paraguay. Conclusion In much of Latin America, mortality from respiratory disease gradually fell between 1998 and 2008. However, this downward trend came to a halt in 2009, probably as a result of the (H1N1) 2009 pandemic. C1 [Marinho de Souz, Maria de Fatima; Gawryszewski, Vilma P.; Oliva, Otavio P.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Aziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Palekar, Rakhee; Breese, Joseph; Cheng, Po-Yung; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alencar, Airlane P.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Math & Stat, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Barbos, Jarbas] Minist Hlth, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Cabrer, Ana M.] Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Olea, Andrea] Minist Hlth Santiago, Santiago, Chile. [Flores, Arturo B.] Minist Hlth, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Mounts, Anthony] WHO, Global Influenza Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP de Souz, MDM (reprint author), Pan Amer Hlth Org, 525 23rd St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM mfmsouza@gmail.com RI Alencar, Airlane/D-9196-2016; OI Alencar, Airlane/0000-0002-0779-0426; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 91 IS 7 BP 525 EP 532 DI 10.2471/BLT.12.116871 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 184IX UT WOS:000321884400013 ER PT J AU Sarfaty, M Doroshenk, M Hotz, J Brooks, D Hayashi, S Davis, TC Joseph, D Stevens, D Weaver, DL Potter, MB Wender, R AF Sarfaty, Mona Doroshenk, Mary Hotz, James Brooks, Durado Hayashi, Seiji Davis, Terry C. Joseph, Djenaba Stevens, David Weaver, Donald L. Potter, Michael B. Wender, Richard TI Strategies for expanding colorectal cancer screening at community health centers SO CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer screening; community health centers; strategies or strategic planning; public health; quality; quality improvement; Patient Centered Medical Home ID FECAL OCCULT BLOOD; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PATIENT NAVIGATION; FOLLOW-UP; TREATMENT SERVICES; MEDICAL HOME; COLONOSCOPY; CARE; DISPARITIES; PHYSICIAN AB Community health centers are uniquely positioned to address disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening as they have addressed other disparities. In 2012, the federal Health Resources and Services Administration, which is the funding agency for the health center program, added a requirement that health centers report CRC screening rates as a standard performance measure. These annually reported, publically available data are a major strategic opportunity to improve screening rates for CRC. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act enacted provisions to expand the capacity of the federal health center program. The recent report of the Institute of Medicine on integrating public health and primary care included an entire section devoted to CRC screening as a target for joint work. These developments make this the ideal time to integrate lifesaving CRC screening into the preventive care already offered by health centers. This article offers 5 strategies that address the challenges health centers face in increasing CRC screening rates. The first 2 strategies focus on improving the processes of primary care. The third emphasizes working productively with other medical providers and institutions. The fourth strategy is about aligning leadership. The final strategy is focused on using tools that have been derived from models that work. CA Cancer J Clin 2013;63:221-231. ((c))2013 American Cancer Society, Inc. C1 [Sarfaty, Mona; Wender, Richard] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Doroshenk, Mary] Natl Colorectal Canc Roundtable, Washington, DC USA. [Hotz, James] Canc Coalit South Georgia, Albany, GA USA. [Brooks, Durado] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hayashi, Seiji] Bur Primary Hlth Care, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. [Davis, Terry C.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Joseph, Djenaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Colorectal Canc Control Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stevens, David] Natl Assoc Community Hlth Ctr, Qual Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Weaver, Donald L.] Natl Assoc Community Hlth Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Potter, Michael B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Sarfaty, M (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, 833 Chestnut St,Suite 301, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. EM mona.sarfaty@jefferson.edu FU National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable FX Supported by the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable. Dr. Hotz has received support for travel from the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable for a one-day meeting in Washington, DC. The views expressed in this publication are solely the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Health Resources and Services Administration, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nor does mention of the department or agency names imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 68 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0007-9235 J9 CA-CANCER J CLIN JI CA-Cancer J. Clin. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 63 IS 4 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.3322/caac.21191 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 174YA UT WOS:000321192700003 PM 23818334 ER PT J AU Mili, FD Hooper, WC Lally, C Austin, H AF Mili, Fatima D. Hooper, W. Craig Lally, Cathy Austin, Harland TI Family History of Myocardial Infarction Is a Risk Factor for Venous Thromboembolism Among Whites But Not Among Blacks SO CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE comorbid condition; epidemiology; ethnicity; family history; myocardial infarction; venous thrombosis ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ATTRIBUTABLE RISK; LOGISTIC-MODELS; THROMBOSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COHORT AB In addition to potentially sharing common pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, venous and arterial thromboses might have overlapping risk factors. To evaluate the family history of myocardial infarction (MI) as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) among whites and blacks, we analyze data from the Genetic Attributes and Thrombosis Epidemiology (GATE) study. Results indicate that the association between VTE and a family history of MI is statistically significant only among whites (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.8), particularly when they have diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.2-8.0). Among blacks, the association between VTE and a family history of MI is not statistically significant (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 0.89-1.5) either among those with diabetes or those without diabetes. We conclude that a family history of MI is a risk factor for VTE among certain populations stratified by race and comorbid conditions. C1 [Mili, Fatima D.; Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lally, Cathy; Austin, Harland] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Mili, FD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mail Stop D-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fmili@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1076-0296 J9 CLIN APPL THROMB-HEM JI Clin. Appl. Thromb.-Hemost. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 410 EP 417 DI 10.1177/1076029612448419 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 176ME UT WOS:000321308000009 PM 22696590 ER PT J AU Chen, YY Lin, JW Fan, YC Tu, WC Chang, GJJ Chiou, SS AF Chen, Yi-Ying Lin, Jen-Wei Fan, Yi-Chin Tu, Wu-Chun Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Chiou, Shyan-Song TI First detection of the Africa/Caribbean/Latin American subtype of Culex flavivirus in Asian country, Taiwan SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Culex flavivirus; Insect-only flavivirus; Culex mosquitoes ID WEST NILE VIRUS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; INSECT-SPECIFIC FLAVIVIRUS; NATURAL MOSQUITO POPULATION; PIPIENS DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; DENGUE-4 VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION; RNA; COINFECTION AB Culex flavivirus (CxFV), a member of the genus flavivirus, is a novel insect-specific flaviviruses that can be divided into two subtypes, the cytopathic Asia/U.S. and the noncytopathic Africa/Caribbean/Latin American subtypes. The CxFV circulates in several Asian countries, and here we conducted the first study investigating CxFV in Taiwan. A total of 14,016 mosquitoes were collected between 2010 and 2012 and 3.4% (6/179) of the pools were CxFV-positive. The phylogenetic analyses indicate that the Taiwan isolates are closely related to the Africa/Caribbean/Latin American subtype, but form an independent cluster. In the cytology experiments, the CxFV Taiwan isolate infected only mosquito cells and caused cell-cell fusion that might be associated with a unique glycine residue at position 117 within the envelope protein, which is shared with the cytopathic effect-causing Asia/US subtype. This study marks the first time the Africa/Caribbean/Latin American subtype of CxFV has been identified in an Asian country and grouped into a novel cluster. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Yi-Ying; Lin, Jen-Wei; Fan, Yi-Chin; Chiou, Shyan-Song] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Tu, Wu-Chun] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Entomol, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Chiou, SS (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. EM sschiou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 98-2313-B-005-014-MY3, NSC 99-2321-B-005-008-MY3] FX We thank Nicole Trainor for providing an excellent assistance with English editing during the preparation of this manuscript. This work was partially supported by grants from National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC 98-2313-B-005-014-MY3 and NSC 99-2321-B-005-008-MY3). NR 32 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 36 IS 4 BP 387 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.02.001 PG 10 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 178BW UT WOS:000321420100005 PM 23466196 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, B Correa, A Kahn, HS Kirtland, K Geiss, L AF Bardenheier, Barbara Correa, Adolfo Kahn, Henry S. Kirtland, Karen Geiss, Linda TI Response to Comment on: Bardenheier et al. Variation in Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Hospital Discharges for Obstetric Delivery Across 23 States in the United States. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1209-1214 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Letter C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara; Kahn, Henry S.; Kirtland, Karen; Geiss, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Bardenheier, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bfb7@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2013 VL 36 IS 7 BP E103 EP E103 DI 10.2337/dc13-0138 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 178UK UT WOS:000321472700063 PM 23801805 ER PT J AU Ganatra, RB McKenna, JJ Bramley, AM Skarbinski, J Fry, AM Finelli, L Jain, S AF Ganatra, Rahul B. McKenna, John J. Bramley, Anna M. Skarbinski, Jacek Fry, Alicia M. Finelli, Lyn Jain, Seema CA 2009 Pandemic Influenza A H1N1 TI Adults With Diabetes Hospitalized With Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1)pdm 09-US 2009 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION C1 [Ganatra, Rahul B.; McKenna, John J.; Bramley, Anna M.; Skarbinski, Jacek; Fry, Alicia M.; Finelli, Lyn; Jain, Seema; 2009 Pandemic Influenza A H1N1] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ganatra, RB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rahul-ganatra@fsm.northwestern.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2013 VL 36 IS 7 BP E94 EP E94 DI 10.2337/dc13-0005 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 178UK UT WOS:000321472700057 PM 23801817 ER PT J AU Migliori, GB Sotgiu, G Gandhi, NR Falzon, D DeRiemer, K Centis, R Hollm-Delgado, MG Palmero, D Perez-Guzman, C Vargas, MH D'Ambrosio, L Spanevello, A Bauer, M Chan, ED Schaaf, HS Keshavjee, S Holtz, TH Menzies, D AF Migliori, Giovanni Battista Sotgiu, Giovanni Gandhi, Neel R. Falzon, Dennis DeRiemer, Kathryn Centis, Rosella Hollm-Delgado, Maria-Graciela Palmero, Domingo Perez-Guzman, Carlos Vargas, Mario H. D'Ambrosio, Lia Spanevello, Antonio Bauer, Melissa Chan, Edward D. Schaaf, H. Simon Keshavjee, Salmaan Holtz, Timothy H. Menzies, Dick CA Collaborative Grp Meta-Anal TI Drug resistance beyond extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: individual patient data meta-analysis SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; EUROPEAN-UNION; XDR-TB; BACILLI; CHEMOTHERAPY; MANAGEMENT; EMERGENCE; REGIMENS; EFFICACY AB The broadest pattern of tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance for which a consensus definition exists is extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB. It is not known if additional drug resistance portends worsened patient outcomes. This study compares treatment outcomes of XDR-TB patients with and without additional resistance in order to explore the need for a new definition. Individual patient data on XDR-TB outcomes were included in a meta-analysis comparing outcomes between XDR alone and three nonmutually exclusive XDR-TB patient groups: XDR plus resistance to all the second-line injectables (sli) and capreomycin and kanamycin/amikacin (XDR+2sli) XDR plus resistance to second-line injectables and to more than one group 4 drug, i.e. ethionamide/protionamide, cydoserine/terizidone or para-aminosalicylic acid (XDR+sliG4) and XDR+sliG4 plus resistance to ethambutol and/or pyrazinamide (XDR+sliG4EZ). Of 405 XDR-TB cases, 301 were XDR alone, 68 XDR+2sli, 48 XDR+sliG4 and 42 XDR+sliG4EZ. In multivariate analysis, the odds of cure were significantly lower in XDR+2sli (adjusted OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8) compared to XDR alone, while odds of failure and death were higher in all XDR patients with additional resistance (adjusted OR 2.6-2.8). Patients with additional resistance beyond XDR-TB showed poorer outcomes. Limitations in availability, accuracy and reproducibility of current drug susceptibility testing methods preclude the adoption of a useful definition beyond the one currently used for XDR-TB. C1 [Migliori, Giovanni Battista; Centis, Rosella; D'Ambrosio, Lia] World Hlth Org, Collaborating Ctr TB & Lung Dis, Fdn S Maugeri, Care & Res Inst, Tradate, Italy. [Sotgiu, Giovanni] Univ Sassari, Epidemiol & Med Stat Unit, Dept Biomed Sci, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Spanevello, Antonio] Univ Insubria, Varese, Italy. [Spanevello, Antonio] Fdn S Maugeri, Care & Res Inst, Div Pneumol, Tradate, Italy. [Gandhi, Neel R.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Gandhi, Neel R.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Gandhi, Neel R.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [DeRiemer, Kathryn] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chan, Edward D.] Denver Vet Affair Med Ctr, Dept Pulm, Denver, CO USA. [Chan, Edward D.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Keshavjee, Salmaan] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA USA. [Holtz, Timothy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Falzon, Dennis] World Hlth Org, Stop TB Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Hollm-Delgado, Maria-Graciela; Bauer, Melissa] McGill Univ, Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Palmero, Domingo] Hosp FJ Muniz, Pulmonol Div, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Perez-Guzman, Carlos] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Inst Serv Salud Estado Aguascalientes, Unidad Med Ambulatoria Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico. [Vargas, Mario H.] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Vargas, Mario H.] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Med Res Unit Resp Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Schaaf, H. Simon] Univ Stellenbosch, Desmond Tutu TB Ctr, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-7505 Tygerberg, South Africa. RP Menzies, D (reprint author), Montreal Chest Inst, Resp Epidemiol Unit, Room K1-24,3650 St Urbain, Montreal, PQ H2X 2P4, Canada. EM Dick.Menzies@McGill.ca RI ROBERT, Jerome/C-3993-2011; OI ROBERT, Jerome/0000-0002-9380-0570; Cox, Helen/0000-0002-6538-7192; DeRiemer, Kathryn/0000-0002-8375-7505; Vargas, Mario H./0000-0002-8420-980X; tabarsi, payam/0000-0002-8932-5420; Migliori, Giovanni Battista/0000-0002-2597-574X; SOTGIU, Giovanni/0000-0002-1600-4474; Hollm-Delgado, Maria-Graciela/0000-0003-1067-8520 FU Stop TB Department of the World Health Organization through USAID; State of California from the Centers for Disease Control Cooperative Agreement Funds; Mexico (Veracruz) from the Mexican Secretariat of Health; National Institutes of Health of the United States [A135969, K01TW000001]; Wellcome Trust [176W009]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute [55000632]; Mexican Council of Science and Technology [SEP 2004-001-47499, FOSSIS 2005-2 (14475), 87332]; South Africa from the South African Medical Research Council; Fonds de Recherche en Sante de Quebec; European Community [FP7-223681]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation FX Funding for this study was provided, in part, by the Stop TB Department of the World Health Organization, through a grant from USAID. Funding for data gathering at participating centres was provided in: the State of California from the Centers for Disease Control Cooperative Agreement Funds; Mexico (Veracruz) from the Mexican Secretariat of Health, the National Institutes of Health of the United States (A135969 and K01TW000001), the Wellcome Trust (176W009), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (55000632), and the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (SEP 2004-001-47499, FOSSIS 2005-2 (14475), (87332)) South Africa from the South African Medical Research Council funding. M. Bauer and D. Menzies were supported by salary awards from the Fonds de Recherche en Sante de Quebec; G.B. Migliori and R. Centis receive support from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP712007-2013) under grant agreement FP7-223681; L. Shah was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Canada Graduate Scholarship) and N. Gandhi received a Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award. NR 40 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 18 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 442 GLOSSOP RD, SHEFFIELD S10 2PX, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 42 IS 1 BP 169 EP 179 DI 10.1183/09031936.00136312 PG 11 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 180OB UT WOS:000321603400020 PM 23060633 ER PT J AU Yard, EE Daniel, JH Lewis, LS Rybak, ME Paliakov, EM Kim, AA Montgomery, JM Bunnell, R Abudo, MU Akhwale, W Breiman, RF Sharif, SK AF Yard, Ellen E. Daniel, Johnni H. Lewis, Lauren S. Rybak, Michael E. Paliakov, Ekaterina M. Kim, Andrea A. Montgomery, Joel M. Bunnell, Rebecca Abudo, Mamo Umuro Akhwale, Willis Breiman, Robert F. Sharif, Shahnaaz K. TI Human aflatoxin exposure in Kenya, 2007: a cross-sectional study SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; epidemiology; Kenya; liver cancer; maize; serosurvey ID HEPATITIS-B INFECTION; WEST-AFRICA; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; ALBUMIN ADDUCTS; GROWTH; BENIN; GHANAIANS AB Aflatoxins contaminate approximately 25% of agricultural products worldwide. They can cause liver failure and liver cancer. Kenya has experienced multiple aflatoxicosis outbreaks in recent years, often resulting in fatalities. However, the full extent of aflatoxin exposure in Kenya has been unknown. Our objective was to quantify aflatoxin exposure across Kenya. We analysed aflatoxin levels in serum specimens from the 2007 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey - a nationally representative, cross-sectional serosurvey. KAIS collected 15,853 blood specimens. Of the 3180 human immunodeficiency virus-negative specimens with1mL sera, we randomly selected 600 specimens stratified by province and sex. We analysed serum specimens for aflatoxin albumin adducts by using isotope dilution MS/MS to quantify aflatoxin B1-lysine, and normalised with serum albumin. Aflatoxin concentrations were then compared by demographic, socioeconomic and geographic characteristics. We detected serum aflatoxin B1-lysine in 78% of serum specimens (range = 1000 repeats). We did not identify or establish Coriell cell Lines in the premutation range (35 to 49 repeats). These samples are publicly available for quality control, proficiency testing, test development, and research and should help improve the accuracy of DM1 testing. C1 [Kalman, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tarleton, Jack; Hitch, Monica] Mission Hosp, Fullerton Genet Lab, Asheville, NC USA. [Hegde, Madhuri; Hjelm, Nick] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA USA. [Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth; Zhou, Lili] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Neurol Sci & Biochem, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Hilbert, James E.; Luebbe, Elizabeth A.; Moxley, Richard T., III] Univ Rochester, Dept Neurol, Rochester, NY USA. [Toji, Lorraine] Coriell Inst Med Res, Camden, NJ USA. RP Kalman, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lkalman@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [U54-NS048843, N01-AR-5-2274, NO1-AR-0-2250] FX The National Registry is supported through the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center grant U54-NS048843 and NIH contracts N01-AR-5-2274 and NO1-AR-0-2250 to R.T.M.). NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 518 EP 525 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.03.008 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 176PO UT WOS:000321316800009 PM 23680132 ER PT J AU Perrine, CG Sullivan, KM Flores, R Caldwell, KL Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Perrine, Cria G. Sullivan, Kevin M. Flores, Rafael Caldwell, Kathleen L. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Intakes of Dairy Products and Dietary Supplements Are Positively Associated with Iodine Status among US Children SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; NUTRITION; DEFICIENCY; TRENDS; WOMEN; FOOD; AGE AB Although pregnant women and some groups of reproductive-age women in the US may be at risk of iodine deficiency, data also suggest that iodine intake among many U.S. children may be above requirements. Our objective was to describe the association of iodine sources with iodine status among children. We analyzed 2007-2010 NHANES data of urine iodine concentration (UIC) spot tests for children aged 6-12 y (n = 1553) and used WHO criteria for iodine status (median UIC: 100-199 mu g/L = adequate; 200-299 mu g/L = above requirements; >= 300 mu g/L = excess). The overall median UIC was above requirements for children aged 6-12 y [211 mu g/L (95% Cl: 194, 228 mu g/ L)]. Median UIC increased by quartile of previous day dairy intake, ranging from adequate in the lowest quartile [157 mu g/L (95% Cl: 141, 170 mu g/L)] to above requirements in the highest quartile [278 mu g/L (95% Cl: 252, 336 mu g/L)]. Median UIC was 303 mu g/L (95% Cl: 238, 345 mu g/L) among the 17% of children who had taken a dietary supplement containing iodine the previous day, compared with 198 mu g/L (95% Cl: 182, 214 mu g/L) among those who had not. In adjusted regression analyses, recent dairy intake and recent supplement use were significantly positively associated with UIC levels, whereas recent grain intake was negatively associated. Adding salt to food at the table was not associated with UIC. Iodine-containing supplements are likely not needed by most schoolchildren in the US because dietary iodine intake is adequate in this age group. C1 [Perrine, Cria G.; Sullivan, Kevin M.; Flores, Rafael; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perrine, Cria G.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] US Publ Hlth Serv Commissioned Corps, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sullivan, Kevin M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Perrine, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007734] NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 143 IS 7 BP 1155 EP 1160 DI 10.3945/jn.113.176289 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 170ZT UT WOS:000320894800020 PM 23700343 ER PT J AU Widen, EM Bentley, ME Kayira, D Chasela, CS Jamieson, DJ Tembo, M Soko, A Kourtis, AP Flax, VL Ellington, SR van der Horst, CM Adair, LS AF Widen, Elizabeth M. Bentley, Margaret E. Kayira, Dumbani Chasela, Charles S. Jamieson, Denise J. Tembo, Martin Soko, Alice Kourtis, Athena P. Flax, Valerie L. Ellington, Sascha R. van der Horst, Charles M. Adair, Linda S. CA BAN Study Team TI Maternal Weight Loss during Exclusive Breastfeeding Is Associated with Reduced Weight and Length Gain in Daughters of HIV-Infected Malawian Women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MARGINALLY NOURISHED MOTHERS; BODY-COMPOSITION CHANGES; LACTATIONAL CAPACITY; INFANT GROWTH; MILK; NUTRITION; TRANSMISSION; TRIAL; BAN; LILONGWE AB Maternal weight loss during exclusive breastfeeding may influence the growth of exclusively breast-fed infants through impaired quality or quantity of breast milk. This study evaluated how maternal weight loss from 2 to 24 wk postpartum was related to infant weight and length gain in 1309 lactating HIV-infected mothers and their exclusively breast-fed infants. Malawian mother-infant pairs in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study were randomized with a 2 x 3 factorial design to a 2-arm nutritional intervention with a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), meeting nutritional needs of lactation, or no LNS and a 3-arm antiretroviral (ARV) intervention (maternal, infant, or no ARV regimen). Linear regression models were used to relate maternal weight loss (weight loss vs. no weight loss) to infant weight and length gain from birth to 24 mo, stratifying by gender and controlling for maternal BMI at 2 wk (mean +/- SD: 23.2 +/- 3.0 kg/m(2)) and interacting maternal BMI with weight loss. In adjusted models, compared with daughters of women who did not lose weight, length and weight gain were lower in daughters whose mothers had a lower BMI at 2 wk postpartum coupled with the weight loss. For example, among mothers with an initial BMI of 18 kg/m(2), daughters of those who lost weight gained less weight [beta = -0.29 kg (95% CI: -0.53, -0.06)] and length [beta = -0.88 cm (95% CI: -1.52, -0.23)] from birth to 24 wk than daughters of those who gained weight. Though effects were only observed in girls, suggesting possible gender differences in suckling and feeding behavior, these findings indicate that maternal weight loss with low energy reserves represents a risk factor for poor infant growth outcomes. C1 [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Flax, Valerie L.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Flax, Valerie L.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Tembo, Martin; Soko, Alice] Univ North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Parktown, South Africa. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Ellington, Sascha R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Widen, EM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM ew2435@columbia.edu OI Flax, Valerie/0000-0003-0200-3355 FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC) [2-D43 Tw01039-06, R24 Tw00798]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; UNICEF; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson Johnson; U.S. Agency for International Development; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP53107] FX Supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), and the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 and R24 Tw00798; the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act) to The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) Study. The antiretrovirals used in the BAN Study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, UNICEF, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson & Johnson, and the U.S. Agency for International Development. The Malawi Mothers and Infants project was supported by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (grant no. OPP53107). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 143 IS 7 BP 1168 EP 1175 DI 10.3945/jn.112.171751 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 170ZT UT WOS:000320894800022 PM 23700341 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Ogden, CL Blanck, HM Borrud, LG Dietz, WH AF Freedman, David S. Ogden, Cynthia L. Blanck, Heidi M. Borrud, Lori G. Dietz, William H. TI The Abilities of Body Mass Index and Skinfold Thicknesses to Identify Children with Low or Elevated Levels of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Determined Body Fatness SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; FAT-FREE MASS; 4-COMPARTMENT MODEL; 4-COMPONENT MODEL; CRITERION METHODS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; REFERENCE CURVES; WHITE-CHILDREN; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS AB Objective To examine the accuracies of body mass index (BMI) and skinfold thicknesses in classifying the body fatness of 7365 8- to 19-year-old subjects in a national sample. Study design We used percent body fat determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (PBFDXA) between 1999 and 2004. Categories of PBFDXA and the skinfold sum (triceps plus subscapular) were constructed so that that numbers of children in each category were similar to the number in each of 5 BMI categories based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Results Approximately 75% of the children and adolescents who had a BMI-for-age >= 95th percentile (considered obese) had elevated body fatness, but PBFDXA levels were more variable at lower BMIs. For example, only 41% of the boys who had a BMI < 25th percentile, had a similarly low PBFDXA. The use of the skinfold sum, rather than BMI, slightly improved the identification of elevated levels of body fatness among boys (P = .03), but not among girls (P > .10). A low sum of the triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses was a better indicator of low PBFDXA than was a low BMI, but differences were smaller among children with greater levels of body fatness. Among girls who had a PBFDXA above the median, for example, BMI and the skinfold sum were correlated similarly (r = 0.77-0.79) with body fatness. Conclusions Both BMI and skinfold thicknesses are fairly accurate in identifying children who have excess body fatness. In contrast, if the goal is to identify children who have low body fatness, skinfold thicknesses would be preferred. C1 [Freedman, David S.; Blanck, Heidi M.; Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Borrud, Lori G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), CDC K-26,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dxf1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 52 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 160 EP U560 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.12.093 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 179BZ UT WOS:000321494000034 PM 23410599 ER PT J AU Lurie, N Khan, AS AF Lurie, Nicole Khan, Ali S. TI Ensuring the Health Security of America's Children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID MASS CRITICAL-CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS C1 [Lurie, Nicole] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Khan, Ali S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC USA. RP Lurie, N (reprint author), 200 Independence Ave SW,638G, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM Nicole.Lurie@hhs.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 274 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.01.035 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 179BZ UT WOS:000321494000054 PM 23485032 ER PT J AU Berry, RJ AF Berry, Robert J. TI Maternal prenatal folic acid supplementation is associated with a reduction in development of autistic disorder SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHILDREN; PREGNANCY; DELAY C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Berry, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 BP 303 EP 304 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 179BZ UT WOS:000321494000068 PM 23796343 ER PT J AU Jones, BC Miller, DB O'Callaghan, JP Lu, L Unger, EL Alam, G Williams, RW AF Jones, Byron C. Miller, Diane B. O'Callaghan, James P. Lu, Lu Unger, Erica L. Alam, Gelareh Williams, Robert W. TI Systems analysis of genetic variation in MPTP neurotoxicity in mice SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BXD; Recombinant inbred strains; Multivariate analysis; Iron; GFAP; Dopamine ID FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; IRON-DEFICIENCY; BRAIN IRON; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LOCI AB We analyzed genetic variation in severity of neuronal damage using the known dopaminergic neurotoxicant, MPTP, as a prototypical chemical denervation agent. Male mice from ten members of the BXD family of recombinant inbred strains received 12.5 mg/kg MPTP s.c. (vs. saline) and 48 h later brains were taken for multiple related biochemical analyses. Striatal dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, DOPAC and HVA, and serotonin and its metabolite, 5-HIAAA, were analyzed by HPLC. DA turnover was assessed using DOPAC/DA and HVA/DA ratios. Striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), glial fibrilary acidic protein (GFAP), and iron content in ventral midbrain were quantified. All dopamine measures, as well as TH and GFAP, demonstrated wide, genotype-dependent differences in response to MPTP. Serotonin was largely unaffected. Principal components analysis (PC) on difference values, saline minus MPTP, for DA, DOPAC, HVA, and TH, yielded a dominant principal component. The PC trait residuals for each genotype were compared against complementary expression data for striatum of the same strains. Three transcripts representing Mtap2, Lancl 1, and Kansl1l were highly correlated with the PC, as was the difference score, MPTP minus saline for GFAP. This systems approach to the study of environmental neurotoxicants holds promise to define individual genetic differences that contribute to variability in susceptibility to risk factors for diseases such as Parkinson's disease. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Byron C.; Alam, Gelareh] Penn State Univ, Dept Biobehav Hlth, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Miller, Diane B.; O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Lu, Lu; Williams, Robert W.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Unger, Erica L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Jones, BC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biobehav Hlth, 315 E HHD Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM bcj1@psu.edu RI O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013; Miller, Diane/O-2927-2013; OI Jones, Byron/0000-0002-4985-6729; Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447 FU UTHSC; NIOSH; Penn State University; NIAAA Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism [U01 AA016662, U01 AA013499]; UTHSC Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics FX Internal funds from UTHSC, NIOSH and Penn State University. NIAAA Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism (U01 AA016662, U01 AA013499) and the UTHSC Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUL PY 2013 VL 37 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.03.010 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 177ZH UT WOS:000321413400004 PM 23558233 ER PT J AU Mervish, NA Gardiner, EW Galvez, MP Kushi, LH Windham, GC Biro, FM Pinney, SM Rybak, ME Teitelbaum, SL Wolff, MS AF Mervish, Nancy A. Gardiner, Eliza W. Galvez, Maida P. Kushi, Larry H. Windham, Gayle C. Biro, Frank M. Pinney, Susan M. Rybak, Michael E. Teitelbaum, Susan L. Wolff, Mary S. CA BCERP TI Dietary flavonol intake is associated with age of puberty in a longitudinal cohort of girls SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Longitudinal study; Phytoestrogen; Puberty; Lignans; Flavonols; Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYTOESTROGEN INTAKE; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; ISOFLAVONOID PHYTOESTROGENS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PHYTO-ESTROGENS; UNITED-STATES; LONG-ISLAND; EARLY-LIFE AB Lignans and flavonols are dietary phytoestrogens found at high concentrations in the Western Diet. They have potential to influence the timing of puberty. We hypothesized that greater consumption of these 2 phytoestrogens would be related to later age at pubertal onset among girls. Pubertal assessment and 24-hour diet recall data were available for 1178 girls, ages 6 to 8 years (mean 7.3 years) in the Breast Cancer and Environment Research Project Puberty Study. Lignan and fiavonol intakes were mainly derived from fruit and vegetable consumption. Average consumption was 6.5 mg/d for flavonols and 0.6 mg/d for lignans. Highest flavonol consumption (>5 mg/d) was associated with later breast development (adjusted hazards ratio [HR]: 0.74, 95% CI: [0.61-0.91]) compared to 2 to 5 mg/d (adjusted HR: 0.84, 95% CI: [0.70-1.0) and <2 mg/d (referent group; P-trend = .006). Flavonol intake was not associated with pubic hair development. Lignan intake was not associated with either breast or pubic hair development. Dietary intake was only weakly correlated with urinary enterolactone, a biomarker for lignans (R-s = 0.13). Consistent with biologic properties of phytoestrogens that indicate hormonal activity, their consumption may be associated with reproductive end points, even in childhood. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mervish, Nancy A.; Gardiner, Eliza W.; Galvez, Maida P.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Kushi, Larry H.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Biro, Frank M.; Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Biro, Frank M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Rybak, Michael E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mervish, NA (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM nancy.mervish@mssm.edu OI Kushi, Lawrence/0000-0001-9136-1175; Rybak, Michael/0000-0003-1650-8581 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, P01ES009584]; National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Translational Science Activities [UL1RR029887]; Avon Foundation FX This publication was made possible by BCERP award numbers U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, and P01ES009584 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Center for Translational Science Activities-UL1RR029887. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS or NCI, the National Institutes of Health, the CDC, or the California Department of Public Health. We also gratefully acknowledge support of the Avon Foundation for this research and our collaborators at the 3 medical centers involved in this research including Jessica Guiterrez, Kathleen McGovern, and Barbara Brenner (MSSM); Gayle Greenberg, Bob Bornschein (Cincinnati); Robert Hiatt, Louise Greenspan, Julie Deardorff (Kaiser Permanente). NR 72 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 33 IS 7 BP 534 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.04.005 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 184IC UT WOS:000321882300003 PM 23827127 ER PT J AU Dewji, S Hertel, N Ansari, A AF Dewji, S. Hertel, N. Ansari, A. TI Assessing internal contamination after the detonation of a radiological dispersion device using a 22-inch sodium iodide detector SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB The detonation of a radiological dispersion device may result in a situation where individuals inhale radioactive materials and require rapid assessment of internal contamination. The feasibility of using a 22-inch sodium-iodide detector to determine the committed effective dose to an individual following acute inhalation of gamma-emitting radionuclides was investigated. Experimental configurations of point sources with a polymethyl methacrylate slab phantom were used to validate Monte Carlo simulations. The validated detector model was used to simulate the responses for four detector positions on six different anthropomorphic phantoms. The nuclides examined included Am-241, Co-60, Cs-137, I-131 and Ir-192. Biokinetic modelling was employed to determine the distributed activity in the body as a function of post-inhalation time. The simulation and biokinetic data were used to determine time-dependent count-rate values at optimal detector locations on the body for each radionuclide corresponding to a target committed effective dose (E50) value of 250 mSv. C1 [Dewji, S.; Hertel, N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dewji, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM shaheen.dewji@gatech.edu RI Dewji, Shaheen/J-6634-2016 OI Dewji, Shaheen/0000-0002-3699-5877 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Radiation Studies Branch through TKCIS FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Radiation Studies Branch through TKCIS. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 155 IS 3 BP 300 EP 316 DI 10.1093/rpd/nct014 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 173DB UT WOS:000321057200006 PM 23436621 ER PT J AU Switzer, WM Shankar, A Trimble, SR Thompson, AA Giardina, PJ Cohen, AR Coates, TD Vichinsky, E Neufeld, EJ Boudreaux, JM Heneine, W AF Switzer, William M. Shankar, Anupama Trimble, Sean R. Thompson, Alexis A. Giardina, Patricia J. Cohen, Alan R. Coates, Thomas D. Vichinsky, Elliott Neufeld, Ellis J. Boudreaux, Jeanne M. Heneine, Walid TI Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection Among US Thalassemia Patients SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HTLV; TRANSFUSION; PREVALENCE; RISK AB Thalassemia is an inherited genetic disorder requiring multiple transfusions to treat anemia caused by low hemoglobin levels. Thus, thalassemia patients are at risk for infection with blood-borne pathogens, including human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) that are transmitted by transfusion of cellular blood products. Here, we examined the prevalence of HTLV among 234 U.S. thalassemia patients using sera collected in 2008. Sera were tested for antibodies to HTLV-1/2 using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and a confirmatory western blot (WB) that differentiates between HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Demographic information and clinical information were collected at study enrollment, including HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) status. Three patients (1.3%) were WB positive; two were HTLV-1 and one could not be serotyped as HTLV-1/2. All three HTLV-positive persons were HIV-1 negative and one was HCV seropositive. The HTLV seroprevalence was higher than that of HIV-1 (0.85%) and lower than HCV (18.8%) in this population. All three patients (ages 26-46 years) were diagnosed with beta-thalassemia shortly after birth and have since been receiving multiple transfusions annually. Two of the HTLV-positive patients confirmed receiving transfusions before HTLV blood screening was implemented in 1988. We identified a substantial HTLV-1 seroprevalence in U.S. thalassemia patients that is much greater than that seen in blood donors. Our findings highlight the importance of HTLV testing of patients with thalassemia and other diseases requiring multiple transfusions, especially in recipients of unscreened transfusions. In addition, appropriate counseling and follow-up of HTLV-infected patients are warranted. C1 [Switzer, William M.; Shankar, Anupama; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Trimble, Sean R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thompson, Alexis A.] Ann & Robert H Lurie Childrens Hosp Chicago, Chicago, IL USA. [Giardina, Patricia J.] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Cohen, Alan R.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Coates, Thomas D.] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Vichinsky, Elliott] Childrens Hosp Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. [Neufeld, Ellis J.] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Boudreaux, Jeanne M.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov OI Coates, Thomas/0000-0001-9878-6029 FU NCBDD CDC HHS [U01 DD000308] NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1006 EP 1009 DI 10.1089/aid.2012.0382 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 163ZP UT WOS:000320378300004 PM 23409829 ER PT J AU Butler, K Morgan, JS Hanson, DL Adams, D Garcia-Lerma, JG Heneine, W Ellenberger, D Hendry, RM McNicholl, J Johnson, WE Kersh, EN AF Butler, Katherine Morgan, Jennifer S. Hanson, Debra L. Adams, Debra Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo Heneine, Walid Ellenberger, Dennis Hendry, R. Michael McNicholl, Janet Johnson, Welkin E. Kersh, Ellen N. TI Susceptibility to Repeated, Low-Dose, Rectal SHIVSF162P3 Challenge Is Independent of TRIM5 Genotype in Rhesus Macaques SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; INTRARECTAL CHALLENGE; RESTRICTION FACTOR; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SHIV INFECTION; TRIM5-ALPHA; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; REPLICATION; ACQUISITION; PROTECTION AB Infections following repeated, low-dose (RLD), mucal S(H)IV exposures of macaques are used to model sexual HIV exposures for biomedical prevention testing. Different susceptibilities among animals can complicate study designs. In rhesus macaques, TRIM5 alleles Q, CypA, and TFP are resistance factors for infection with some S(H) IV strains, but not for SIVmac239 due to its capsid properties. SIVmac239-derived SHIVSF162P3 has been demonstrated to reproducibly infect mucosally in vaginal and rectal RLD models. To further test the suitability of SHIVSF162P3 for RLD models, we studied the influence of the TRIM5 genotype on susceptibility to rectal RLD infection and on plasma viremia by analyzing 43 male Indian rhesus macaques from control arms of completed studies. The median number of exposures required for infection was three (Q/Q, n = 4) (TRIM5 alleles, number of macaques, respectively), four (Q/CypA, n = 7), three (TFP/Q, n = 15), three (TFP/TFP, n = 15), and two (TFP/CypA, n = 2); TRIM5(CypA/CypA) was not represented in our study. Median peak viremia (log(10) viral copies/ml) in infected animals was 7.4 (Q/Q, n = 4), 7.2 (Q/CypA, n = 6), 7.3 (TFP/Q, n = 13), 7.1 (TFP/TFP, n = 15), and 6.5 (TFP/CypA; n = 2). Neither susceptibility nor peak viremia was significantly different (log rank test, Kruskal-Wallis test, respectively). Rhesus macaques' susceptibility to RLD SHIVSF162P3 is independent of the TRIM5 TFP, CypA, and Q alleles, with the limitation that the power to detect any impact of CypA/CypA and TFP/CypA genotypes was nonexistent or low, due to absence or infrequency, respectively. The finding that TRIM5 alleles do not restrict mucosal infection or ensuing replication rates suggests that SHIVSF162P3 is indeed suitable for RLD experimentation. C1 [Butler, Katherine; Hanson, Debra L.; Adams, Debra; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo; Heneine, Walid; Ellenberger, Dennis; Hendry, R. Michael; McNicholl, Janet; Kersh, Ellen N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morgan, Jennifer S.; Johnson, Welkin E.] Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Boston, MA USA. RP Kersh, EN (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM egk6@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI083118, AI095092]; CDC; [Y1-AI-0681-02] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and partially supported by Interagency Agreement Y1-AI-0681-02 between the CDC and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This work was also partially supported by grants AI083118 and AI095092 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We would like to thank the veterinarians and animal technicians who performed the studies from which samples were obtained retrospectively. We would also like to thank past members of our research team for residual specimens that were used for this study. All authors critically reviewed this manuscript. E.N.K. thanks Gil Kersh for his support. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1091 EP 1094 DI 10.1089/aid.2012.0383 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 163ZP UT WOS:000320378300017 PM 23461569 ER PT J AU Trivedi, TK Desai, R Hall, AJ Patel, M Parashar, UD Lopman, BA AF Trivedi, Tarak K. Desai, Rishi Hall, Aron J. Patel, Manish Parashar, Umesh D. Lopman, Benjamin A. TI Clinical characteristics of norovirus-associated deaths: A systematic literature review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Norovirus; Death; Mortality ID OUTBREAKS AB Although deaths are often reported in the context of norovirus outbreaks, clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of the decedents prior to death are not well established. Through a literature review of published reports of deaths associated with norovirus infection, we identified and summarized 158 norovirus-associated deaths in 12 countries from 1988 to 2011. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Trivedi, Tarak K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Trivedi, Tarak K.; Desai, Rishi; Hall, Aron J.; Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Benjamin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Trivedi, TK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ttrivedi@cdc.gov OI Trivedi, Tarak/0000-0003-3357-9525 NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 16 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL PY 2013 VL 41 IS 7 BP 654 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.08.002 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 172ZI UT WOS:000321046300019 PM 23266383 ER PT J AU Hasan, A Le, M Pasko, J Ravin, KA Clauss, H Hasz, R Hunt, EA Bosserman, E McAuliffe, I Montgomery, SP Kuehnert, MJ Hocevar, SN Abanyie, F AF Hasan, Anjum Le, Marie Pasko, Jessica Ravin, Karen A. Clauss, Heather Hasz, Richard Hunt, Elizabeth A. Bosserman, Elizabeth McAuliffe, Isabel Montgomery, Susan P. Kuehnert, Matthew J. Hocevar, Susan N. Abanyie, Francisca TI Transmission of Strongyloides stercoralis Through Transplantation of Solid Organs-Pennsylvania, 2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Clauss, Heather] Temple Univ Hosp & Med Sch, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. [Hunt, Elizabeth A.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Abanyie, Francisca] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Abanyie, F (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM why6@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1923 EP 1925 DI 10.1111/ajt.12359 PG 3 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 171LD UT WOS:000320928800037 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Boom, JA Staat, MA Edwards, KM Szilagyi, PG Klein, EJ Selvarangan, R Azimi, PH Harrison, C Moffatt, M Johnston, SH Sahni, LC Baker, CJ Rench, MA Donauer, S McNeal, M Chappell, J Weinberg, GA Tasslimi, A Tate, JE Wikswo, M Curns, AT Sulemana, I Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Esona, MD Bowen, MD Gentsch, JR Parashar, UD AF Payne, Daniel C. Boom, Julie A. Staat, Mary Allen Edwards, Kathryn M. Szilagyi, Peter G. Klein, Eileen J. Selvarangan, Rangaraj Azimi, Parvin H. Harrison, Christopher Moffatt, Mary Johnston, Samantha H. Sahni, Leila C. Baker, Carol J. Rench, Marcia A. Donauer, Stephanie McNeal, Monica Chappell, James Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Tasslimi, Azadeh Tate, Jacqueline E. Wikswo, Mary Curns, Aaron T. Sulemana, Iddrisu Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Esona, Mathew D. Bowen, Michael D. Gentsch, Jon R. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Effectiveness of Pentavalent and Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccines in Concurrent Use Among US Children < 5 Years of Age, 2009-2011 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; vaccine; RotaTeq; New Vaccine Surveillance Network ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; 1ST 2 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; GASTROENTERITIS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION; EFFICACY; INFANTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) for RotaTeq (RV5; 3 doses) and Rotarix (RV1; 2 doses) at reducing rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) inpatient and emergency department (ED) visits in US children. Methods. We enrolled children <5 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE symptoms from November 2009-June 2010 and from November 2010-June 2011 at 7 medical institutions. Fecal specimens were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and genotyped. Vaccination among laboratory-confirmed rotavirus cases was compared with rotavirus-negative AGE controls. Regression models calculated VE estimates for each vaccine, age, ethnicity, genotype, and clinical setting. Results. RV5-specific analyses included 359 rotavirus cases and 1811 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV1-specific analyses included 60 rotavirus cases and 155 rotavirus-negative AGE controls. RV5 and RV1 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78%-88%) and 70% (95% CI, 39%-86%) effective, respectively, against rotavirus-associated ED visits and hospitalizations combined. By clinical setting, RV5 VE against ED and inpatient rotavirus-associated visits was 81% (95% CI, 70%-84%) and 86% (95% CI, 74%-91%), respectively. RV1 was 78% (95% CI, 46%-91%) effective against ED rotavirus disease; study power was insufficient to evaluate inpatient RV1 VE. No waning of immunity was evident during the first 4 years of life for RV5, nor during the first 2 years of life for RV1. RV5 provided genotype-specific protection against each of the predominant strains (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G12P[8]), while RV1 VE was statistically significant for the most common genotype, G3P[8]. Conclusions. Both RV5 and RV1 significantly protected against medically attended rotavirus gastroenteritis in this real-world assessment. C1 [Payne, Daniel C.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Wikswo, Mary; Curns, Aaron T.; Sulemana, Iddrisu; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Esona, Mathew D.; Bowen, Michael D.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boom, Julie A.; Sahni, Leila C.; Baker, Carol J.; Rench, Marcia A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Ctr Vaccine Awareness & Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Boom, Julie A.; Sahni, Leila C.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Immunizat Project, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Boom, Julie A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Staat, Mary Allen; Donauer, Stephanie; McNeal, Monica] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Klein, Eileen J.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Washington, DC USA. [Selvarangan, Rangaraj; Harrison, Christopher; Moffatt, Mary] Childrens Mercy Hosp & Clin, Kansas City, MO USA. [Azimi, Parvin H.; Johnston, Samantha H.] Childrens Hosp Res Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Baker, Carol J.; Rench, Marcia A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chappell, James] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Tasslimi, Azadeh] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was funded by a cooperative agreement by the CDC. NR 26 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1093/cid/cit164 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 171JU UT WOS:000320923700005 PM 23487388 ER PT J AU Kapelusznik, L Varela, D Montgomery, SP Shah, AN Steurer, FJ Rubinstein, D Caplivski, D Pinney, SP Turker, D Factor, SH AF Kapelusznik, Luciano Varela, Deborah Montgomery, Susan P. Shah, Arti N. Steurer, Francis J. Rubinstein, David Caplivski, Daniel Pinney, Sean P. Turker, Dana Factor, Stephanie H. TI Chagas Disease in Latin American Immigrants With Dilated Cardiomyopathy in New York City SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Chagas disease; Trypanosoma cruzi; cardiomyopathy; United States ID HEART-DISEASE; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; TRANSPLANTATION; TRIAL AB Chagas disease-associated cardiomyopathy is clinically similar to other causes of cardiomyopathy and, therefore, the diagnosis can be easily overlooked. We found a 13% point prevalence of Chagas disease in a sample of New York City immigrants with dilated cardiomyopathy. C1 [Kapelusznik, Luciano] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Varela, Deborah; Caplivski, Daniel; Turker, Dana; Factor, Stephanie H.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Pinney, Sean P.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Cardiol, New York, NY USA. [Shah, Arti N.; Rubinstein, David] Elmhurst Hosp Ctr, Div Cardiol, New York, NY USA. [Montgomery, Susan P.; Steurer, Francis J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kapelusznik, L (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, 725 W Lombard St,N-151, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM lkapelusznik@ihv.umaryland.edu FU Mount Sinai School of Medicine FX This work was supported by a Mount Sinai School of Medicine Global Health grant. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP E7 EP E10 DI 10.1093/cid/cit199 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 171JU UT WOS:000320923700002 PM 23537911 ER PT J AU Swilaiman, SS O'Gorman, CM Balajee, SA Dyer, PS AF Swilaiman, Sameira S. O'Gorman, Celine M. Balajee, S. Arunmozhi Dyer, Paul S. TI Discovery of a Sexual Cycle in Aspergillus lentulus, a Close Relative of A. fumigatus SO EUKARYOTIC CELL LA English DT Article ID MATING-TYPE LOCI; SECTION FUMIGATI; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; POLYPHASIC TAXONOMY; REPRODUCTION; NEOSARTORYA; RECOMBINATION; EVOLUTION; REMOVAL; IDENTIFICATION AB Aspergillus lentulus was described in 2005 as a new species within the A. fumigatus sensu lato complex. It is an opportunistic human pathogen causing invasive aspergillosis with high mortality rates, and it has been isolated from clinical and environmental sources. The species is morphologically nearly identical to A. fumigatus sensu stricto, and this similarity has resulted in their frequent misidentification. Comparative studies show that A. lentulus has some distinguishing growth features and decreased in vitro susceptibility to several antifungal agents, including amphotericin B and caspofungin. Similar to the once-presumed-asexual A. fumigatus, it has only been known to reproduce mitotically. However, we now show that A. lentulus has a heterothallic sexual breeding system. A PCR-based mating-type diagnostic detected isolates of either the MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 genotype, and examination of 26 worldwide clinical and environmental isolates revealed similar ratios of the two mating types (38% versus 62%, respectively). MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorph regions were analyzed, revealing the presence of characteristic alpha and high-mobility-group (HMG) domain genes, together with other more unusual features such as a MAT1-2-4 gene. We then demonstrated that A. lentulus possesses a functional sexual cycle with mature cleistothecia, containing heat-resistant ascospores, being produced after 3 weeks of incubation. Recombination was confirmed using molecular markers. However, isolates of A. lentulus failed to cross with highly fertile strains of A. fumigatus, demonstrating reproductive isolation between these sibling species. The discovery of the A. lentulus sexual stage has significant implications for the management of drug resistance and control of invasive aspergillosis associated with this emerging fungal pathogen. C1 [Swilaiman, Sameira S.; O'Gorman, Celine M.; Dyer, Paul S.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biol, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dyer, PS (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Biol, Univ Pk, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. EM Paul.Dyer@nottingham.ac.uk RI O'Gorman, Celine/E-7732-2010 OI O'Gorman, Celine/0000-0001-9618-8981 FU Government of Iraq; Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom) FX S.S.S. was supported by a Government of Iraq PhD scholarship. C.M.O. and P.S.D. are funded by The Wellcome Trust (United Kingdom). NR 71 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1535-9778 J9 EUKARYOT CELL JI Eukaryot. Cell PD JUL PY 2013 VL 12 IS 7 BP 962 EP 969 DI 10.1128/EC.00040-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA 171LI UT WOS:000320929500002 PM 23650087 ER PT J AU Lawler, TS Stanfill, SB Zhang, LQ Ashley, DL Watson, CH AF Lawler, Tameka S. Stanfill, Stephen B. Zhang, Liqin Ashley, David L. Watson, Clifford H. TI Chemical characterization of domestic oral tobacco products: Total nicotine, pH, unprotonated nicotine and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oral tobacco; Smokeless tobacco; Nicotine; Unprotonated Nicotine; pH; Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines ID SMOKELESS TOBACCO; MOIST SNUFF; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SURVEILLANCE AB In the United States, moist snuff has been studied more widely than other distinct categories of oral tobacco. In this study, we measured pH, moisture, nicotine (total and unprotonated), and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) for other established (twist, loose leaf, plug, and dry snuff without pouch) and emerging oral tobacco products (dry snuff pouch, US-made snus, and dissolvable tobacco). Among the seven product categories, product pH ranged from 4.7 to 7.9, and total nicotine concentration spanned from 3.9 to 40.1 mg/g. The most readily absorbable form of nicotine (unprotonated nicotine) varied more than 350-fold, ranging from 0.01 to 3.7 mg/g. While the highest total nicotine concentrations were observed in twist products, snus and dissolvable tobacco had the highest unprotonated nicotine levels. Among all products, total TSNA concentrations ranged from 313 to 76,500 ng/g with dry snuff having the highest total TSNA concentrations. This study demonstrates the diversity among oral tobacco products and highlights the potential of these products to deliver a wide range of nicotine and carcinogenic TSNAs. Characterizing the chemical content of these products may be helpful in further understanding the risk of marketing these products to oral tobacco users and smokers as an alternative and discrete form of tobacco. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lawler, Tameka S.; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Zhang, Liqin; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ashley, David L.] Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Food & Drug Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Lawler, TS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tlawler@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. All research was supported by internal funds of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 50 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 57 BP 380 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.011 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 165QL UT WOS:000320498300047 PM 23517910 ER PT J AU Click, ES Winston, CA Oeltmann, JE Moonan, PK Mac Kenzie, WR AF Click, E. S. Winston, C. A. Oeltmann, J. E. Moonan, P. K. Mac Kenzie, W. R. TI Association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage and time to sputum culture conversion SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE treatment; drug tolerance; molecular epidemiology ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; SMEAR CONVERSION; CLASSIFICATION; COMPLEX; STRAIN; DIVERSITY; RELAPSE AB SETTING: Mycobacterium tuberculosis comprises four principal genetic lineages: one evolutionarily ancestral (Indo-Oceanic) and three modern. Whether response to tuberculosis (TB) treatment differs among the lineages is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between M. tuberculosis lineage and time to sputum culture conversion in response to standard first-line drug therapy. DESIGN: We conducted an exploratory retrospective cohort analysis of time to sputum culture conversion among pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases reported in the United States from 2004 to 2007. RESULTS: The analysis included 13 170 PTB cases with no documented resistance to first-line drugs who received a standard four-drug treatment regimen. Among cases with baseline positive sputum smear results, relative to cases with Euro-American lineage, cases with Indo-Oceanic lineage had higher adjusted hazards of sputum culture conversion (aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.20-1.45), whereas cases with East-African-Indian or East-Asian lineage did not differ (aHR 1.05, 95 % CI 0.88-1.25 and aHR 0.99, 95% CI 0.91-1.07, respectively). Among cases with baseline negative sputum smear results, time to sputum culture conversion did not differ by lineage. CONCLUSION: Although these results are exploratory, they suggest that the eradication of viable bacteria may occur sooner among cases with Indo-Oceanic lineage than among those with one of the three modern lineages. Prospective studies of time to sputum culture conversion by lineage are required. C1 [Click, E. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Click, E. S.; Winston, C. A.; Oeltmann, J. E.; Moonan, P. K.; Mac Kenzie, W. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Click, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eoc9@cdc.gov RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013; Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339; Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). No direct funding was received for this study. The authors were personally salaried by the CDC (although no specific salary was set aside or given for the writing of this article). No funding bodies had any role in the study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 17 IS 7 BP 878 EP 884 DI 10.5588/ijtld.12.0732 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 170DM UT WOS:000320830200005 PM 23743308 ER PT J AU Hertz, MF Donato, I Wright, J AF Hertz, Marci Feldman Donato, Ingrid Wright, James TI Bullying and Suicide: A Public Health Approach SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; SCHOOL; INTERVENTIONS; ASSOCIATION; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; CHILDHOOD; BEHAVIORS; VIOLENCE; COHORT C1 [Hertz, Marci Feldman] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Donato, Ingrid; Wright, James] Substance Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Ctr Mental Hlth Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hertz, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 53 IS 1 SU S BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.05.002 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 169GJ UT WOS:000320767500001 PM 23790194 ER PT J AU Karch, DL Logan, J McDaniel, DD Floyd, CF Vagi, KJ AF Karch, Debra L. Logan, J. McDaniel, Dawn D. Floyd, C. Faye Vagi, Kevin J. TI Precipitating Circumstances of Suicide Among Youth Aged 10-17 Years by Sex: Data From the National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 States, 2005-2008 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Suicide; National Violent Death Reporting System; Youth suicide; Suicide circumstances; Suicide epidemiology; Suicide prevention ID ADOLESCENT SUICIDE; SURVEILLANCE AB We examined the circumstances that precipitated suicide among 1,046 youth aged 10-17 years in 16 U. S. states from 2005 to 2008. The majority of deaths were among male subjects (75.2%), non-Hispanic whites (69.3%), those aged 16-17 years (58.1%), those who died by hanging/strangulation/suffocation (50.2%) and those who died in a house or an apartment (82.5%). Relationship problems, recent crises, mental health problems, and intimate partner and school problems were the most common precipitating factors and many differed by sex. School problems were reported for 25% of decedents, of which 30.3% were a drop in grades and 12.4% were bullying related. Prevention strategies directed toward relationship-building, problem-solving, and increasing access to treatment may be beneficial for this population. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Karch, Debra L.; Logan, J.; McDaniel, Dawn D.; Floyd, C. Faye; Vagi, Kevin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Karch, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway Northeast,Mailstop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DKarch@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The opinions or views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 9 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 53 IS 1 SU S BP S51 EP S53 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.06.028 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 169GJ UT WOS:000320767500009 PM 23790202 ER PT J AU Liu, P Herzegh, O Fernandez, M Hooper, S Shu, W Sobolik, J Porter, R Spivey, N Moe, C AF Liu, P. Herzegh, O. Fernandez, M. Hooper, S. Shu, W. Sobolik, J. Porter, R. Spivey, N. Moe, C. TI Assessment of human adenovirus removal by qPCR in an advanced water reclamation plant in Georgia, USA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA sequencing; human adenoviruses; real-time PCR; ultrafiltration; wastewater treatment ID MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; COMPARATIVE INACTIVATION; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; UV-LIGHT; PCR; VIRUSES; CHILDREN; OUTBREAK; BACTERIA; ENTEROVIRUSES AB Aims To assess human adenoviruses (HAdVs) removal in an advanced wastewater treatment facility and compare two parallel tertiary treatment methods for the removal of HAdVs. Methods and Results Tangential flow ultrafiltration was used to concentrate the water samples, and HAdVs were precipitated by polyethylene glycol. HAdVs were detected only by TaqMan real-time PCR, and HAdV genotype was determined by DNA sequence. HAdVs were detected in 100% of primary clarification influent, secondary clarification effluent and granular media (GM) filtration effluent samples but only in 31 center dot 2% of membrane filtration (MF) effluent and 41 center dot 7% of final effluent (FE) samples, respectively. The average HAdVs loads were significantly reduced along the treatments but HAdVs were still present in FE. Comparison of two parallel treatments (GM vs MF) showed that MF was technically superior to GM for the removal of HAdVs. Conclusions These findings indicate that adenoviruses are not completely removed by treatment processes. MF is a better treatment for removal of adenoviruses than GM filtration. Because only qPCR was used, the results only indicate the removal of adenovirus DNA and not the infectivity of viruses. Significance and Impact of the Study Presence of HAdVs in FE by qPCR suggests a potential public health risk from exposure to the treated wastewater and using the FE for recreational or water reuse purposes should be cautious. C1 [Liu, P.; Fernandez, M.; Sobolik, J.; Moe, C.] Emory Univ, Ctr Global Safe Water, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Herzegh, O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hooper, S.] CitiLogics, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shu, W.] Third Mil Med Univ, Sch Prevent Med, Dept Environm Hyg, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Porter, R.; Spivey, N.] F Wayne Hill Water Resources Ctr, Lawrenceville, GA USA. RP Moe, C (reprint author), Emory Univ, Ctr Global Safe Water, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM clmoe@emory.edu FU Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources FX Funding for this project was provided by the Gwinnett County Department of Water Resources. The authors are grateful for the assistance provided by the staff of the F. Wayne Hill Water Resources Center in Gwinnett County, Georgia, USA. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 310 EP 318 DI 10.1111/jam.12237 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 162PX UT WOS:000320278600032 PM 23617931 ER PT J AU Shariat, N Kirchner, MK Sandt, CH Trees, E Barrangou, R Dudley, EG AF Shariat, Nikki Kirchner, Margaret K. Sandt, Carol H. Trees, Eija Barrangou, Rodolphe Dudley, Edward G. TI Subtyping of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport Outbreak Isolates by CRISPR-MVLST and Determination of the Relationship between CRISPR-MVLST and PFGE Results SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; MULTILOCUS VARIABLE-NUMBER; REAL-TIME PCR; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; STRAIN DIFFERENTIATION; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE GENES; UNITED-STATES AB Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport (S. Newport) is the third most prevalent cause of food-borne salmonellosis. Rapid, efficient, and accurate methods for identification are required to track specific strains of S. Newport during outbreaks. By exploiting the hypervariable nature of virulence genes and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), we previously developed a sequence-based subtyping approach, designated CRISPR-multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (CRISPR-MVLST). To demonstrate the applicability of this approach, we analyzed a broad set of S. Newport isolates collected over a 5-year period by using CRISPR-MVLST and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Among 84 isolates, we defined 38 S. Newport sequence types (NSTs), all of which were novel compared to our previous analyses, and 62 different PFGE patterns. Our data suggest that both subtyping approaches have high discriminatory abilities (>0.95) with a potential for clustering cases with common exposures. Importantly, we found that isolates from closely related NSTs were often similar by PFGE profile as well, further corroborating the applicability of CRISPR-MVLST. In the first full application of CRISPR-MVLST, we analyzed isolates from a recent S. Newport outbreak. In this blinded study, we confirmed the utility of CRISPR-MVLST and were able to distinguish the 10 outbreak isolates, as defined by PFGE and epidemiological data, from a collection of 20 S. Newport isolates. Together, our data show that CRISPR-MVLST could be a complementary approach to PFGE subtyping for S. Newport. C1 [Shariat, Nikki; Kirchner, Margaret K.; Barrangou, Rodolphe; Dudley, Edward G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sandt, Carol H.] Penn Dept Hlth, Div Clin Microbiol, Bur Labs, Exton, PA USA. [Trees, Eija] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barrangou, Rodolphe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Dudley, EG (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM egd100@psu.edu RI Barrangou, Rodolphe/I-2878-2014 OI Barrangou, Rodolphe/0000-0002-0648-3504 FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-11-1-0442] FX This study was supported by a U.S. Army Research Office grant to E.G.D. (W911NF-11-1-0442). NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 BP 2328 EP 2336 DI 10.1128/JCM.00608-13 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 166YB UT WOS:000320595800045 PM 23678062 ER PT J AU Menezes, APD Reis, JN Ternes, YM Andrade, AL Pimenta, FC Carvalho, MD Beall, B AF Menezes, Ana Paula de O. Reis, Joice Neves Ternes, Yves Mauro Andrade, Ana Lucia Pimenta, Fabiana C. Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Beall, Bernard TI Update of Pneumococcal PCR Serotyping Assay for Detection of a Commonly Occurring Type 19F wzy Variant in Brazil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SEQUENTIAL MULTIPLEX PCR; CAPSULAR SEROTYPES C1 [Menezes, Ana Paula de O.; Reis, Joice Neves] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Ctr Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Reis, Joice Neves] Univ Fed Bahia, Fac Farm, BR-41170290 Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Ternes, Yves Mauro; Andrade, Ana Lucia] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Pimenta, Fabiana C.; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov RI Andrade, Ana Lucia/L-5751-2013; Reis, Joice/H-9227-2013 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW TW00919, TW 007303, R01 TW007303, D43 TW000919] NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 BP 2470 EP 2471 DI 10.1128/JCM.00743-13 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 166YB UT WOS:000320595800079 PM 23658255 ER PT J AU Ratzan, SC AF Ratzan, Scott C. TI "They Say" the Next Big Pandemic Is Near: Are We Prepared? SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ratzan, Scott C.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Board Sci Counselors, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 7 BP 757 EP 759 DI 10.1080/10810730.2013.809300 PG 3 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 168FN UT WOS:000320691200001 PM 23786289 ER PT J AU Mermin, J Granich, R AF Mermin, Jonathan Granich, Reuben TI Economics of monitoring antiretroviral therapy SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIV; ROUTINE; TRIAL C1 [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Granich, Reuben] United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Sci Act Div, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Mermin, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jhm7@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 13 IS 7 BP 560 EP 561 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70105-1 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 172UN UT WOS:000321030500002 PM 23602085 ER PT J AU Loyse, A Thangaraj, H Easterbrook, P Ford, N Roy, M Chiller, T Govender, N Harrison, TS Bicanic, T AF Loyse, Angela Thangaraj, Harry Easterbrook, Philippa Ford, Nathan Roy, Monika Chiller, Tom Govender, Nelesh Harrison, Thomas S. Bicanic, Tihana TI Cryptococcal meningitis: improving access to essential antifungal medicines in resource-poor countries SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DOSE FLUCONAZOLE; LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EARLY FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; FLUCYTOSINE; AIDS AB Cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of adult meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa, and contributes up to 20% of AIDS-related mortality in low-income and middle-income countries every year. Antifungal treatment for cryptococcal meningitis relies on three old, off-patent antifungal drugs: amphotericin B deoxycholate, flucytosine, and fluconazole. Widely accepted treatment guidelines recommend amphotericin B and flucytosine as first-line induction treatment for cryptococcal meningitis. However, flucytosine is unavailable in Africa and most of Asia, and safe amphotericin B administration requires patient hospitalisation and careful laboratory monitoring to identify and treat common side-effects. Therefore, fluconazole monotherapy is widely used in low-income and middle-income countries for induction therapy, but treatment is associated with significantly increased rates of mortality. We review the antifungal drugs used to treat cryptococcal meningitis with respect to clinical effectiveness and access issues specific to low-income and middle-income countries. Each drug poses unique access challenges: amphotericin B through cost, toxic effects, and insufficiently coordinated distribution; flucytosine through cost and scarcity of registration; and fluconazole through challenges in maintenance of local stocks-eg, sustainability of donations or insufficient generic supplies. We advocate ten steps that need to be taken to improve access to safe and effective antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. C1 [Loyse, Angela; Harrison, Thomas S.; Bicanic, Tihana] St Georges Univ London, Cryptococcal Meningitis Grp, Res Ctr Infect & Immun, Div Clin Sci, London, England. [Thangaraj, Harry] St Georges Univ London, Access Pharmaceut Project, Res Ctr Infect & Immun, Div Clin Sci, London, England. [Easterbrook, Philippa] World Hlth Org, HIV Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Ford, Nathan] Univ Cape Town, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Ford, Nathan] Univ Cape Town, Ctr Infect Dis Epidemiol & Res, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Roy, Monika; Chiller, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Govender, Nelesh] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Loyse, A (reprint author), Univ London St Georges Hosp, Cryptococcal Meningitis Grp, Res Ctr Infect & Immun, Sch Med,Div Clin Sci, London SW17 ORE, England. EM angelaloyse@hotmail.com FU European Union [FP7 Health 241839]; Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship [WT 089966] FX HT is funded by a European Union grant (FP7 Health 241839). TB is funded by a Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship (WT 089966). The findings and conclusions of this personal view are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The use of product names in this manuscript does not imply their endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 81 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 13 IS 7 BP 629 EP 637 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70078-1 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 172UN UT WOS:000321030500023 PM 23735626 ER PT J AU Williams, SK Schotthoefer, AM Montenieri, JA Holmes, JL Vetter, SM Gage, KL Bearden, SW AF Williams, Shanna K. Schotthoefer, Anna M. Montenieri, John A. Holmes, Jennifer L. Vetter, Sara M. Gage, Kenneth L. Bearden, Scott W. TI Effects of Low-Temperature Flea Maintenance on the Transmission of Yersinia pestis by Oropsylla montana SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; Oropsylla montana; Low-temperature transmission; Plague ID EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; XENOPSYLLA-CHEOPIS SIPHONAPTERA; STORAGE HMS(+) PHENOTYPE; PLAGUE EPIZOOTICS; DEPENDENT VARIATIONS; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; BIOFILM FORMATION; UNBLOCKED FLEAS; UNITED-STATES; PRAIRIE DOGS AB Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is primarily a rodent-associated, flea-borne zoonosis maintained in sylvatic foci throughout western North America. Transmission to humans is mediated most commonly by the flea vector Oropsylla montana and occurs predominantly in the southwestern United States. With few exceptions, previous studies showed O. montana to be an inefficient vector at transmitting Y. pestis at ambient temperatures, particularly when such fleas were fed on susceptible hosts more than a few days after ingesting an infectious blood meal. We examined whether holding fleas at subambient temperatures affected the transmissibility of Y. pestis by this vector. An infectious blood meal containing a virulent Y. pestis strain (CO96-3188) was given to colony-reared O. montana fleas. Potentially infected fleas were maintained at different temperatures (6 degrees C, 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, or 23 degrees C). Transmission efficiencies were tested by allowing up to 15 infectious fleas to feed on each of 7 naive CD-1 mice on days 1-4, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 postinfection (p.i.). Mice were monitored for signs of infection for 21 days after exposure to infectious fleas. Fleas held at 6 degrees C, 10 degrees C, and 15 degrees C were able to effectively transmit at every time point p.i. The percentage of transmission to naive mice by fleas maintained at low temperatures (46.0% at 6 degrees C, 71.4% at 10 degrees C, 66.7% at 15 degrees C) was higher than for fleas maintained at 23 degrees C (25.4%) and indicates that O. montana fleas efficiently transmit Y. pestis at low temperatures. Moreover, pooled percent per flea transmission efficiencies for flea cohorts maintained at temperatures of 10 degrees C and 15 degrees C (8.67% and 7.87%, respectively) showed a statistically significant difference in the pooled percent per flea transmission efficiency from fleas maintained at 23 degrees C (1.94%). This is the first comprehensive study to demonstrate efficient transmission of Y. pestis by O. montana fleas maintained at temperatures as low as 6 degrees C. Our findings further contribute to the understanding of plague ecology in temperate climates by providing support for the hypothesis that Y. pestis is able to overwinter within the flea gut and potentially cause infection during the following transmission season. The findings also might hold implications for explaining the focality of plague in tropical regions. C1 [Williams, Shanna K.; Schotthoefer, Anna M.; Montenieri, John A.; Holmes, Jennifer L.; Vetter, Sara M.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Bearden, Scott W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Bearden, SW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM zyv3@cdc.gov NR 63 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 29 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 13 IS 7 BP 468 EP 478 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1017 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 175QA UT WOS:000321244700006 PM 23590319 ER PT J AU Streicker, DG Franka, R Jackson, FR Rupprecht, CE AF Streicker, Daniel G. Franka, Richard Jackson, Felix R. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Anthropogenic Roost Switching and Rabies Virus Dynamics in House-Roosting Big Brown Bats SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Lyssavirus; Chiroptera; Eptesicus; Anthropogenic; Radiotelemetry; Urban disease dynamics ID EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; UNITED-STATES; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; COLONIES; COLORADO; BEHAVIOR AB Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) are the most commonly encountered rabid bat in North America and represent an important source of wildlife rabies epizootics. Urban and suburban colonies of E. fuscus are often evicted from their roosts in houses, with poorly understood consequences for bat dispersal, population dynamics, and rabies virus transmission. We combined radiotelemetry and mark-recapture of E. fuscus with enhanced surveillance to understand the frequency of rabies virus exposure in house-roosting bats and to assess the potential for behavioral responses of eviction to exacerbate viral transmission. Serology demonstrated the circulation of rabies virus in nearly all sites, with an overall seroprevalence of 12%, but no bats were excreting rabies virus at the time of capture. Bats that were excluded from roosts relocated to houses < 1 km from the original roost. However, behavioral responses to eviction differed, with bats switching repeatedly among new roosts in 1 site, but fusing with a neighboring colony in another. These findings confirm the circulation of rabies virus in E. fuscus that live in close contact with humans and companion animals, suggest mechanisms through which anthropogenic disturbance of bats might influence pathogen transmission, and highlight simple strategies to balance conservation and public health priorities. C1 [Streicker, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Streicker, Daniel G.; Franka, Richard; Jackson, Felix R.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Streicker, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dstrike@uga.edu OI Streicker, Daniel/0000-0001-7475-2705 FU CDC-APHL Emerging Infectious Diseases Training Fellowship FX For helpful discussions on the manuscript we thank Julie Rushmore, Jamie Winternitz, and 2 anonymous reviewers. We thank Josh Self, Jesse Blanton, and other members of the CDC Rabies Program for assistance in capturing and sampling bats, and Tom O'Shea for providing PIT tags and a scanner. We thank the homeowners in each of our sites for allowing us access to their homes. D. S. was supported by a CDC-APHL Emerging Infectious Diseases Training Fellowship. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 41 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 13 IS 7 BP 498 EP 504 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1113 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 175QA UT WOS:000321244700009 PM 23590325 ER PT J AU Nelson, TF Xuan, ZM Babor, TF Brewer, RD Chaloupka, FJ Gruenewald, PJ Holder, H Klitzner, M Mosher, JF Ramirez, RL Reynolds, R Toomey, TL Churchill, V Naimi, TS AF Nelson, Toben F. Xuan, Ziming Babor, Thomas F. Brewer, Robert D. Chaloupka, Frank J. Gruenewald, Paul J. Holder, Harold Klitzner, Michael Mosher, James F. Ramirez, Rebecca L. Reynolds, Robert Toomey, Traci L. Churchill, Victoria Naimi, Timothy S. TI Efficacy and the Strength of Evidence of U.S. Alcohol Control Policies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; BINGE DRINKING; FATAL CRASHES; DELPHI METHOD; CONSUMPTION; PATTERNS; ADULTS; HEALTH; YOUTH; PRICE AB Background: Public policy can limit alcohol consumption and its associated harm, but no direct comparison of the relative efficacy of alcohol control policies exists for the U.S. Purpose: To identify alcohol control policies and develop quantitative ratings of their efficacy and strength of evidence. Methods: In 2010, a Delphi panel of ten U.S. alcohol policy experts identified and rated the efficacy of alcohol control policies for reducing binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving among both the general population and youth, and the strength of evidence informing the efficacy of each policy. The policies were nominated on the basis of scientific evidence and potential for public health impact. Analysis was conducted in 2010-2012. Results: Panelists identified and rated 47 policies. Policies limiting price received the highest ratings, with alcohol taxes receiving the highest ratings for all four outcomes. Highly rated policies for reducing binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving in the general population also were rated highly among youth, although several policies were rated more highly for youth compared with the general population. Policy efficacy ratings for the general population and youth were positively correlated for reducing both binge drinking (r=0.50) and alcohol-impaired driving (r=0.45). The correlation between efficacy ratings for reducing binge drinking and alcohol-impaired driving was strong for the general population (r=0.88) and for youth (r=0.85). Efficacy ratings were positively correlated with strength-of-evidence ratings. Conclusions: Comparative policy ratings can help characterize the alcohol policy environment, inform policy discussions, and identify future research needs. C1 [Nelson, Toben F.; Toomey, Traci L.] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Xuan, Ziming; Churchill, Victoria; Naimi, Timothy S.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Naimi, Timothy S.] Boston Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Boston, MA USA. [Babor, Thomas F.] Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Dept Community Med & Hlth Care, Farmington, CT USA. [Brewer, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Alcohol Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chaloupka, Frank J.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Gruenewald, Paul J.; Holder, Harold] Prevent Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA. [Mosher, James F.] Alcohol Policy Consultat, Felton, CA USA. [Klitzner, Michael] CDM Grp, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ramirez, Rebecca L.; Reynolds, Robert] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. RP Nelson, TF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, 1300 South 2 St,Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM tfnelson@umn.edu OI Xuan, Ziming/0000-0001-6139-4785; Nelson, Toben/0000-0001-9934-7546 FU National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [R01 AA018377] FX This work was funded by a grant from the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01 AA018377; T. Naimi, PI). The content of this manuscript does not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism or the NIH. NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.03.008 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 170CO UT WOS:000320827500003 PM 23790985 ER PT J AU Chou, CF Cotch, MF Vitale, S Zhang, XZ Klein, R Friedman, DS Klein, BEK Saaddine, JB AF Chou, Chiu-Fang Cotch, Mary Frances Vitale, Susan Zhang, Xinzhi Klein, Ronald Friedman, David S. Klein, Barbara E. K. Saaddine, Jinan B. TI Age-Related Eye Diseases and Visual Impairment Among U.S. Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ANGELES LATINO EYE; BLUE MOUNTAINS EYE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNDERCORRECTED REFRACTIVE ERRORS; UNITED-STATES; MACULAR DEGENERATION; SOCIOECONOMIC-FACTORS; VISION IMPAIRMENT; OLDER POPULATION; RISK INDICATORS AB Background: Visual impairment is a common health-related disability in the U.S. The association between clinical measurements of age-related eye diseases and visual impairment in data from a national survey has not been reported. Purpose: To examine common eye conditions and other correlates associated with visual impairment in the U.S. Methods: Data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 5222 Americans aged >= 40 years were analyzed in 2012 for visual impairment (presenting distance visual acuity worse than 20/40 in the better-seeing eye), and visual impairment not due to refractive error (distance visual acuity worse than 20/40 after refraction). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were assessed from retinal fundus images; glaucoma was assessed from two successive frequency-doubling tests and a cup-to-disc ratio measurement. Results: Prevalence of visual impairment and of visual impairment not due to refractive error was 7.5% (95% CI=6.9%, 8.1%) and 2.0% (1.7%, 2.3%), respectively. The prevalence of visual impairment not due to refractive error was significantly higher among people with AMD (2.2%) compared to those without AMD (0.8%), or with DR (3.5%) compared to those without DR (1.2%). Independent predictive factors of visual impairment not due to refractive error were AMD (OR=4.52, 95% CI=2.50, 8.17); increasing age (OR=1.09 per year, 95% CI=1.06, 1.13); and less than a high school education (OR=2.99, 95% CI=1.18, 7.55). Conclusions: Visual impairment is a public health problem in the U.S. Visual impairment in two thirds of adults could be eliminated with refractive correction. Screening of the older population may identify adults at increased risk of visual impairment due to eye diseases. C1 [Chou, Chiu-Fang; Zhang, Xinzhi; Saaddine, Jinan B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cotch, Mary Frances; Vitale, Susan] NIH, NEI, Div Epidemiol & Clin Applicat, Bethesda, MD USA. [Friedman, David S.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klein, Ronald; Klein, Barbara E. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USA. RP Chou, CF (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CChou@cdc.gov OI Cotch, Mary Frances/0000-0002-2046-4350; Klein, Ronald/0000-0002-4428-6237 FU National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC; Division of Diabetes Translation, CDC [05FED47304]; National Eye Institute, NIH [ZIAEY000402] FX This study was supported by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), CDC. Funding for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) retinal and frequency-doubling technology component was provided by the Intra Agency Agreement 05FED47304 from the Division of Diabetes Translation, CDC. Funding for the vision component was provided by the National Eye Institute, NIH, Intramural Research Program award ZIAEY000402. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 29 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.02.018 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 170CO UT WOS:000320827500004 PM 23790986 ER PT J AU McCarthy, NL Weintraub, E Vellozzi, C Duffy, J Gee, J Donahue, JG Jackson, ML Lee, GM Glanz, J Baxter, R Lugg, MM Naleway, A Omer, SB Nakasato, C Vazquez-Benitez, G De Stefano, F AF McCarthy, Natalie L. Weintraub, Eric Vellozzi, Claudia Duffy, Jonathan Gee, Julianne Donahue, James G. Jackson, Michael L. Lee, Grace M. Glanz, Jason Baxter, Roger Lugg, Marlene M. Naleway, Allison Omer, Saad B. Nakasato, Cynthia Vazquez-Benitez, Gabriela De Stefano, Frank TI Mortality Rates and Cause-of-Death Patterns in a Vaccinated Population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FATAL ADVERSE EVENTS; INFLUENZA VACCINE; SAFETY; IMMUNIZATION; H1N1; RISK; ASSOCIATION; INFORMATION; DATALINK AB Background: Determining the baseline mortality rate in a vaccinated population is necessary to be able to identify any unusual increases in deaths following vaccine administration. Background rates are particularly useful during mass immunization campaigns and in the evaluation of new vaccines. Purpose: Provide background mortality rates and describe causes of death following vaccination in the Vaccine Safety Data link (VSD). Methods: Analyses were conducted in 2012. Mortality rates were calculated at 0-1 day, 0-7 days, 0-30 days, and 0-60 days following vaccination for deaths' occurring between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2008. Analyses were stratified by age and gender. Causes of death were examined, and findings were compared to National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) data. Results: Among 13,033,274 vaccinated people, 15,455 deaths occurred between 0 and 60 days following vaccination. The mortality rate within 60 days of a vaccination visit was 442.5 deaths per 100,000 person-years. Rates were highest in the group aged >= 85 years, and increased from the 0-1-day to the 0-60-day interval following vaccination. Eleven of the 15 leading causes of death in the VSD and NCHS overlap in both systems, and the top four causes of death were the same in both systems. Conclusions: VSD mortality rates demonstrate a healthy vaccinee effect, with rates lowest in the days immediately following vaccination, most apparent in the older age groups. The VSD mortality rate is lower than that in the general U.S. population, and the causes of death are similar. C1 [McCarthy, Natalie L.; Weintraub, Eric; Vellozzi, Claudia; Duffy, Jonathan; Gee, Julianne; De Stefano, Frank] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA USA. [Donahue, James G.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Jackson, Michael L.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Glanz, Jason] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Lugg, Marlene M.] Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, CA USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR USA. [Nakasato, Cynthia] Kaiser Permanente, Ctr Hlth Res Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Vazquez-Benitez, Gabriela] Hlth Partners Inst Educ & Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP McCarthy, NL (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyz7@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643 FU Vaccine Safety Data link contract; CDC; Sanofi Pasteur; GSK; Merck; Novartis; Pfizer FX This study was supported by the Vaccine Safety Data link contract with America's Health Insurance Plans, funded by the CDC. Roger Baxter receives research grants from Sanofi Pasteur, GSK, Merck, Novartis, and Pfizer. This study was supported by the Vaccine Safety Data link contract with America's Health Insurance Plans, funded by the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.02.020 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 170CO UT WOS:000320827500011 PM 23790993 ER PT J AU Hekman, KA Grigorescu, VI Cameron, LL Miller, CE Smith, RA AF Hekman, Kimberly A. Grigorescu, Violanda I. Cameron, Lorraine L. Miller, Corinne E. Smith, Ruben A. TI Neonatal Withdrawal Syndrome, Michigan, 2000-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTHY TERM NEWBORNS; ABSTINENCE SYNDROME; DRUG-WITHDRAWAL; HOSPITAL STAY; PREVALENCE; MANAGEMENT; PREGNANCY; DISCHARGE; EXPOSURE AB Background: Neonatal withdrawal syndrome, which is associated most frequently with opioid use in pregnancy, is an emerging public health concern, with recent studies documenting an increase in the rate of U.S. infants diagnosed. Purpose: This study examined neonatal withdrawal syndrome diagnosis among Michigan infants from 2000 to 2009 and hospital length of stay (LOS) between infants with and without the syndrome for a subset of years (2006-2009). Methods: Michigan live birth records from 2000 to 2009 were linked with hospital discharge data to identify infants with neonatal withdrawal syndrome. Linked data were restricted to infants born between 2006 and 2009 to examine the difference in hospital LOS between infants with and without the syndrome. Multivariable regression models were constructed to examine the adjusted impact of syndrome diagnosis on infant LOS and fit using negative binomial distribution. Data were analyzed from July 2011 to February 2012. Results: From 2000 to 2009, the overall birth rate of infants with neonatal withdrawal syndrome increased from 41.2 to 289.0 per 100,000 live births (p < 0.0001). Among infants born from 2006 to 2009, the average hospital LOS for those with the syndrome was between 1.36 (95% CI=1.24, 1.49) and 5.75 (95% CI=5.41, 6.10) times longer than for infants without it. Conclusions: Diagnosis of neonatal withdrawal syndrome increased significantly in Michigan with infants who had the syndrome requiring a significantly longer LOS compared to those without it. C1 [Hekman, Kimberly A.; Cameron, Lorraine L.; Miller, Corinne E.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Bur Dis Control Prevent & Epidemiol, Lansing, MI USA. [Grigorescu, Violanda I.; Smith, Ruben A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Appl Sci Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hekman, KA (reprint author), 201 Townsend St,4th Floor, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. EM hekman.kim@gmail.com FU CDC [5U38HM000414] FX This study was led by an appointee to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the CDC Cooperative Agreement 5U38HM000414. Live birth certificate records were provided by the Division for Vital Records and Health Statistics (DVRHS) of the Michigan Department of Community Health. The hospital discharge records were made available through an agreement with the Michigan Health and Hospital Association. Thu Le, from DVRHS, assisted with data linkages and data file preparation. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 113 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.02.019 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 170CO UT WOS:000320827500014 PM 23790996 ER PT J AU Sood, SL Cuker, A Wang, C Metjian, AD Chiang, EY Soucie, JM Konkle, BA AF Sood, S. L. Cuker, A. Wang, C. Metjian, A. D. Chiang, E. Y. Soucie, J. M. Konkle, B. A. CA HTCN Study Investigators TI Similarity in joint function limitation in Type 3 von Willebrand's disease and moderate haemophilia A SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE arthropathy; factor VIII; joint range of motion; moderate haemophilia A; von Willebrand factor; von Willebrand's disease ID NETWORK VWD PN; VONWILLEBRANDS DISEASE; PROPHYLAXIS; COMPLICATIONS; ARTHROPATHY; DIAGNOSIS; RANGE AB Type 3 von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is a rare bleeding diathesis with complete or near complete deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and low factor VIII (FVIII) levels. In contrast, only FVIII is decreased in haemophilia A (HA). Both disorders are complicated by arthropathy. The purpose of this study was to further clarify the roles of FVIII and VWF: Antigen (VWF:Ag) in joint range of motion (ROM) loss over time. We compared joint ROM loss and other bleeding manifestations in 100 Type 3 VWD subjects (FVIII<5%) and 1814 moderate HA subjects (FVIII 1-5%) within the U.S. Universal Data Collection (UDC) database. High rates of bleeding were reported at baseline. During follow-up, moderate HA patients reported a joint (46% vs. 34%, P<0.0001) or muscle bleed (27% vs. 16%, P<0.0001) in a higher proportion of visits than VWD patients. Other bleeds, including mucosal, were reported in a greater proportion of visits among patients with Type 3 VWD than among those with HA (49% vs. 32%, P<0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed no difference in joint ROM loss over time in the Type 3 VWD vs. moderate HA populations. A higher FVIII level was protective in both VWD and HA (P<0.001). Our findings support the hypothesis of primacy of the FVIII level in determining risk of joint haemorrhage, and may help target therapy in Type 3 VWD and moderate HA to prevent joint disability. C1 [Sood, S. L.] Univ Michigan, Div Hematol Oncol, Sch Med, Hemophilia & Coagulat Disorders Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cuker, A.; Chiang, E. Y.] Univ Penn, Div Hematol Oncol, Penn Comprehens Hemophilia & Thrombosis Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wang, C.; Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Metjian, A. D.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Div Hematol, Durham, NC USA. [Konkle, B. A.] Puget Sound Blood Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Konkle, B. A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sood, SL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Hematol Oncol, C351A Med Inn Bldg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM sumisood@med.umich.edu RI Kerlin, Bryce/E-3369-2011 OI Kerlin, Bryce/0000-0002-1756-8271 FU NHLBI [K12HL087064, T32HL07971-08]; HTRS Mentored Research Award; CDC [U27/CCU318053] FX This work was supported by NHLBI K12HL087064 (to SLS) and T32HL07971-08 (to AC), HTRS Mentored Research Award (to ADM), and by Cooperative Agreement #U27/CCU318053 from the CDC (to BAK). NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 595 EP 601 DI 10.1111/hae.12119 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 166KA UT WOS:000320552100033 PM 23534856 ER PT J AU Weinberg, GA Schnabel, KC Erdman, DD Prill, MM Iwane, MK Shelley, LM Whitaker, BL Szilagyi, PG Hall, CB AF Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Schnabel, Kenneth C. Erdman, Dean D. Prill, Mila M. Iwane, Marika K. Shelley, Lynne M. Whitaker, Brett L. Szilagyi, Peter G. Hall, Caroline B. TI Field evaluation of TaqMan Array Card (TAC) for the simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Viral diagnostics; Respiratory viruses; Acute respiratory infection ID CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PCR ASSAY; PATHOGENS; PANEL; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAK; CAPTURE AB Background: Multipathogen reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) platforms have proven useful in surveillance for acute respiratory illness (ARI) and study of respiratory outbreaks of unknown etiology. The TaqMan (R) Array Card (TAC, Life Technologies (TM)), can simultaneously test 7 clinical specimens for up to 21 individual pathogens (depending on arrangement of controls and use of duplicate wells) by arrayed singleplex RT-qPCR on a single assay card, using minimal amounts of clinical specimens. A previous study described the development of TAC for the detection of respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens; the assay was evaluated against well-characterized analytical materials and a limited collection of human clinical specimens. Objectives: We wished to compare TAC assay performance against standard individual RT-qPCR assays for respiratory viral detection, focusing on 10 viruses (adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, human parainfluenza viruses 1-4, influenza viruses A and B, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus) from a larger collection of human specimens. Study design: We used specimens from 942 children with ARI enrolled systematically in a population-based, ARI surveillance study (New Vaccine Surveillance Network, NVSN). Results: Compared with standard individual RT-qPCR assays, the sensitivity of TAC for the targeted viruses ranged from 54% to 95% (54%, 56%, and 75% for adenovirus, human parainfluenza viruses-1 and -2, respectively, and 82%-95% for the other viruses). Assay specificity was 99%, and coefficients of variation for virus controls ranged from 1.5% to 4.5%. Conclusion: The TAC assay should prove useful for multipathogen studies and rapid outbreak response. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Schnabel, Kenneth C.; Shelley, Lynne M.; Szilagyi, Peter G.; Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Erdman, Dean D.; Prill, Mila M.; Iwane, Marika K.; Whitaker, Brett L.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Weinberg, GA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, 601 Elmwood Ave Box 690, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM geoff_weinberg@urmc.rochester.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U01-IP-000017]; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response; Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) FX Supported in part through cooperative agreement U01-IP-000017 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); and by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) for advanced product development through Pandemic Influenza Diagnostic funding. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 57 IS 3 BP 254 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.03.016 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 166XL UT WOS:000320593300013 PM 23608639 ER PT J AU Gold, EB Blount, BC Rasor, MO Lee, JS Alwis, U Srivastav, A Kim, K AF Gold, Ellen B. Blount, Benjamin C. Rasor, Marianne O'Neill Lee, Jennifer S. Alwis, Udeni Srivastav, Anup Kim, Kyoungmi TI Thyroid hormones and thyroid disease in relation to perchlorate dose and residence near a superfund site SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thyroid disease; thyroid function; perchlorate; environmental epidemiology ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; AMMONIUM-PERCHLORATE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; DRINKING-WATER; LONG-TERM; EXPOSURE; POPULATION; WOMEN; THIOCYANATE AB Perchlorate is a widely occurring contaminant, which can competitively inhibit iodide uptake and thus thyroid hormone production. The health effects of chronic low dose perchlorate exposure are largely unknown. In a community-based study, we compared thyroid function and disease in women with differing likelihoods of prior and current perchlorate exposure. Residential blocks were randomly selected from areas: (1) with potential perchlorate exposure via drinking water; (2) with potential exposure to environmental contaminants; and (3) neighboring but without such exposures. Eligibility included having lived in the area for >= 6 months and aged 20-50 years during 1988-1996 (during documented drinking water well contamination). We interviewed 814 women and collected blood samples (assayed for thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine) from 431 interviewed women. Daily urine samples were assayed for perchlorate and iodide for 178 premenopausal women with blood samples. We performed multivariable regression analyses comparing thyroid function and disease by residential area and by urinary perchlorate dose adjusted for urinary iodide levels. Residential location and current perchlorate dose were not associated with thyroid function or disease. No persistent effect of perchlorate on thyroid function or disease was found several years after contaminated wells were capped. C1 [Gold, Ellen B.; Rasor, Marianne O'Neill; Kim, Kyoungmi] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.; Alwis, Udeni] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Jennifer S.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Srivastav, Anup] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat & Reprod Hlth, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gold, EB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ebgold@ucdavis.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES004699, 5P30ES005707]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2007-M-19584] FX This project was supported by Grant Numbers P42ES004699 and 5P30ES005707 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and contract 200-2007-M-19584 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not represent the official views of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.90 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 166VG UT WOS:000320586200010 PM 22968349 ER PT J AU Esswein, EJ Breitenstein, M Snawder, J Kiefer, M Sieber, WK AF Esswein, Eric J. Breitenstein, Michael Snawder, John Kiefer, Max Sieber, W. Karl TI Occupational Exposures to Respirable Crystalline Silica During Hydraulic Fracturing SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE completions operations; crystalline silica; hydraulic fracturing; oil and gas extraction; sand ID UNITED-STATES; LUNG-CANCER; GOLD MINERS; WORKERS; FOUNDRY AB This report describes a previously uncharacterized occupational health hazard: work crew exposures to respirable crystalline silica during hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing involves high pressure injection of large volumes of water and sand, and smaller quantities of well treatment chemicals, into a gas or oil well to fracture shale or other rock formations, allowing more efficient recovery of hydrocarbons from a petroleum-bearing reservoir. Crystalline silica (frac sand) is commonly used as a proppant to hold open cracks and fissures created by hydraulic pressure. Each stage of the process requires hundreds of thousands of pounds of quartz-containing sand; millions of pounds may be needed for all zones of a well. Mechanical handling of frac sand creates respirable crystalline silica dust, a potential exposure hazard for workers. Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health collected 111 personal breathing zone samples at 11 sites in five states to evaluate worker exposures to respirable crystalline silica during hydraulic fracturing. At each of the 11 sites, full-shift samples exceeded occupational health criteria (e.g., the Occupational Safety and Health Administration calculated permissible exposure limit, the NIOSH recommended exposure limit, or the ACGIH threshold limit value), in some cases, by 10 or more times the occupational health criteria. Based on these evaluations, an occupational health hazard was determined to exist for workplace exposures to crystalline silica. Seven points of dust generation were identified, including sand handling machinery and dust generated from the work site itself. Recommendations to control exposures include product substitution (when feasible), engineering controls or modifications to sand handling machinery, administrative controls, and use of personal protective equipment. To our knowledge, this represents the first systematic study of work crew exposures to crystalline silica during hydraulic fracturing. Companies that conduct hydraulic fracturing using silica sand should evaluate their operations to determine the potential for worker exposure to respirable crystalline silica and implement controls as necessary to protect workers. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene for the following free supplemental resource: a file containing controls and recommendations to limit worker exposures to respirable crystalline silica at hydraulic fracturing work sites.] C1 [Esswein, Eric J.; Kiefer, Max] NIOSH, Western States Off, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Breitenstein, Michael; Snawder, John] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Sieber, W. Karl] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Esswein, EJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Western States Off, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25226, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM eje1@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 7 U2 104 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUL 1 PY 2013 VL 10 IS 7 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.788352 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 163TU UT WOS:000320360600004 PM 23679563 ER PT J AU Clark, AD Griffiths, UK Abbas, SS Rao, KD Privor-Dumm, L Hajjeh, R Johnson, H Sanderson, C Santosham, M AF Clark, Andrew D. Griffiths, Ulla K. Abbas, Syed Shahid Rao, Krishna D. Privor-Dumm, Lois Hajjeh, Rana Johnson, Hope Sanderson, Colin Santosham, Mathuram TI Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccination in India SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; PNEUMONIA; METAANALYSIS; INFECTIONS; MORTALITY; COUNTRIES; VACCINES; SEQUELAE; TRIAL AB Objective To estimate the potential health impact and cost-effectiveness of nationwide Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination in India. Study design A decision support model was used, bringing together estimates of demography, epidemiology, Hib vaccine effectiveness, Hib vaccine costs, and health care costs. Scenarios favorable and unfavorable to the vaccine were evaluated. State-level analyses indicate where the vaccine might have the greatest impact and value. Results Between 2012 and 2031, Hib conjugate vaccination is estimated to prevent over 200 000 child deaths (similar to 1% of deaths in children <5 years of age) in India at an incremental cost of US$127 million per year. From a government perspective, state-level cost-effectiveness ranged from US$192 to US$1033 per discounted disability adjusted life years averted. With the inclusion of household health care costs, cost-effectiveness ranged from US$155-US$939 per discounted disability adjusted life year averted. These values are below the World Health Organization thresholds for cost effectiveness of public health interventions. Conclusions Hib conjugate vaccination is a cost-effective intervention in all States of India. This conclusion does not alter with plausible changes in key parameters. Although investment in Hib conjugate vaccination would significantly increase the cost of the Universal Immunization Program, about 15% of the incremental cost would be offset by health care cost savings. Efforts should be made to expedite the nationwide introduction of Hib conjugate vaccination in India. C1 [Clark, Andrew D.; Griffiths, Ulla K.; Sanderson, Colin] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, London WC1H 9SH, England. [Abbas, Syed Shahid; Rao, Krishna D.] Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India. [Privor-Dumm, Lois; Johnson, Hope; Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hajjeh, Rana] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Clark, AD (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, 15-17 Tavistock Pl, London WC1H 9SH, England. EM andrew.clark@lshtm.ac.uk RI Abbas, Syed/A-4806-2012; OI Abbas, Syed/0000-0003-1964-5303; Sanderson, Colin/0000-0002-4838-6112 FU Hib Initiative; GAVI Alliance; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck; Pfizer FX Supported by the Hib Initiative and funded by the GAVI Alliance.; M.S. has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Pfizer (previously Wyeth Lederle Vaccines) and has served on the scientific advisory boards of GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Pfizer and received honoraria for these activities. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest, real or perceived. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S60 EP S72 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.032 PG 13 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700011 PM 23773596 ER PT J AU Griffiths, UK Clark, A Hajjeh, R AF Griffiths, Ulla Kou Clark, Andrew Hajjeh, Rana TI Cost-Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Regional Analysis and Assessment of Major Determinants SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID GAVI-ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; BENEFIT-ANALYSIS; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION; CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; DISEASE BURDEN; OXFORD REGION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN AB Objectives To estimate the cost-effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine in low- and middle-income countries and identify the model variables, which are most important for the result. Study design A static decision tree model was developed to predict incremental costs and health impacts. Estimates were generated for 4 country groups: countries eligible for funding by the GAVI Alliance in Africa and Asia, lower middle-income countries, and upper middle-income countries. Values, including disease incidence, case fatality rates, and treatment costs, were based on international country estimates and the scientific literature. Results From the societal perspective, it is estimated that the probability of Hib conjugate vaccine cost saving is 34%-53% in Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization eligible African and Asian countries, respectively. In middle-income countries, costs per discounted disability adjusted life year averted are between US$37 and US$733. Variation in vaccine prices and risks of meningitis sequelae and mortality explain most of the difference in results. For all country groups, disease incidence cause the largest part of the uncertainty in the result. Conclusions Hib conjugate vaccine is cost saving or highly cost-effective in low- and middle-income settings. This conclusion is especially influenced by the recent decline in Hib conjugate vaccine prices and new data revealing the high costs of lost productivity associated with meningitis sequelae. C1 [Griffiths, Ulla Kou; Clark, Andrew] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, London WC1H 9SH, England. [Hajjeh, Rana] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Griffiths, UK (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Global Hlth & Dev, 15-17 Tavistock Pl, London WC1H 9SH, England. EM ulla.griffiths@lshtm.ac.uk FU GAVI Hib Initiative; GAVI Alliance FX Supported by the GAVI Hib Initiative and funded by the GAVI Alliance. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 105 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S50 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.031 PG 19 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700010 PM 23773595 ER PT J AU Hajjeh, R Mulholland, K Schuchat, A Santosham, M AF Hajjeh, Rana Mulholland, Kim Schuchat, Anne Santosham, Mathuram TI Progress towards Demonstrating the Impact of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccines Globally SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIB DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN C1 [Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mulholland, Kim] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London WC1, England. [Schuchat, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hajjeh, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RHajjeh@CDC.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.022 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700001 PM 23773587 ER PT J AU Khowaja, AR Mohiuddin, S Cohen, AL Khalid, A Mehmood, U Naqvi, F Asad, N Pardhan, K Mulholland, K Hajjeh, R Zaidi, AKM Shafqat, S AF Khowaja, Asif Raza Mohiuddin, Syed Cohen, Adam L. Khalid, Ahmed Mehmood, Usma Naqvi, Farnaz Asad, Nargis Pardhan, Khatidja Mulholland, Kim Hajjeh, Rana Zaidi, Anita K. M. Shafqat, Saad CA Pakistan Hib Vaccine Study Grp TI Mortality and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children Aged < 5 Years in Pakistan SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; SEQUELAE; CHILDHOOD; METAANALYSIS; IMPAIRMENT; BANGLADESH; RESISTANCE; DIAGNOSIS; COST AB Objective Significant neurodevelopmental sequelae are known to occur after acute bacterial meningitis (ABM). This study determined the burden of such sequelae in Pakistani children aged <5 years to guide policies for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and pneumococcal vaccination. Study design Cases of ABM were recruited from hospital-based surveillance and assigned to 1 of 3 etiologic groups (Hib, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or unknown etiology). Two age-matched controls were recruited for each case. Six months after enrollment, each case underwent neurologic history and examination, neurodevelopmental evaluation, and neurophysiological hearing test. Controls were assessed in parallel. Results Of 188 cases, 64 (34%) died. Mortality among subgroups were 7 (27%), 14 (28%), and 43 (39%) for Hib, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and unknown etiology, respectively. Eighty cases and 160 controls completed the assessments. Sequelae among cases included developmental delay (37%), motor deficit (31%), hearing impairment (18.5%), epilepsy (14%), and vision impairment (14%). Sequelae were higher after pneumococcal meningitis (19, 73%) compared with Hib meningitis (8, 53%). Compared with controls, cases were at significantly higher risk for all sequelae (P<.0001). Conclusions ABM causes a substantial long-term burden of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Hib and pneumococcal vaccines are very effective interventions to prevent meningitis and its disabling sequelae. C1 [Khowaja, Asif Raza; Mohiuddin, Syed; Khalid, Ahmed; Mehmood, Usma; Pardhan, Khatidja; Zaidi, Anita K. M.] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Cohen, Adam L.; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Naqvi, Farnaz] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Asad, Nargis] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Psychiat, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Mulholland, Kim] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London WC1, England. [Shafqat, Saad] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Med, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. RP Shafqat, S (reprint author), Aga Khan Univ, Fac Off Bldg, Dept Med, Neurol Sect, Stadium Rd,POB 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. EM saad.shafqat@aku.edu FU GAVI Alliance; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, USA [ID43 TW0075 85-01] FX Supported by the GAVI Hib Initiative and funded by the GAVI Alliance to Johns Hopkins University, with a sub-grant to Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. A. R. K. received partial training support from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, USA (ID43 TW0075 85-01). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S86 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.035 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700014 PM 23773600 ER PT J AU Khowaja, AR Mohiuddin, S Cohen, AL Mirza, W Nadeem, N Zuberi, T Salam, B Mubarak, F Rizvi, B Husen, Y Pardhan, K Khan, KMA Raza, SJ Zuberi, HK Mustafa, S Sheikh, SH Nizamani, A Lohana, H Mulholland, K Zell, E Hajjeh, R Bosan, A Zaidi, AKM AF Khowaja, Asif Raza Mohiuddin, Syed Cohen, Adam L. Mirza, Waseem Nadeem, Naila Zuberi, Talha Salam, Basit Mubarak, Fatima Rizvi, Bano Husen, Yousuf Pardhan, Khatidja Khan, Khalid Mehmood A. Raza, Syed Jamal Zuberi, Hassan Khalid Mustafa, Sultan Sheikh, Salma H. Nizamani, Akbar Lohana, Heermani Mulholland, Kim Zell, Elizabeth Hajjeh, Rana Bosan, Altaf Zaidi, Anita K. M. CA Pakistan Hib Vaccine Study Grp TI Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine on Radiologically-Confirmed Pneumonia in Young Children in Pakistan SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; DISEASE; HEALTH; MENINGITIS; MORTALITY; ETIOLOGY; EFFICACY; BURDEN AB Objective The effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in preventing severe pneumonia in Asian children has been questioned, and many large Asian countries yet to introduce Hib conjugate vaccine in immunization programs. The primary objective of this study was to assess Hib conjugate vaccine effectiveness (VE) on radiologically-confirmed pneumonia in children born after introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine in Pakistan. Study design A matched case-control study enrolled cases of radiologically-confirmed pneumonia in several hospitals serving low-income populations during 2009-2011. Cases were matched by age and season with 3 hospital and 5 neighborhood controls. Pneumonia was diagnosed using standardized World Health Organization criteria for chest radiograph interpretation. Matched OR were estimated for VE. Results A total of 1027 children with radiologically-confirmed pneumonia were enrolled; 975 cases, 2925 hospital controls, and 4875 neighborhood controls were analyzed. The coverage for 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-hepatitis B-Hib conjugate vaccine was 13.7%, 18%, and 22.7% in cases, hospital controls and neighborhood controls, respectively. Estimated Hib VE for radiologically-confirmed pneumonia was 62% with 3 doses of vaccine using hospital controls and 70% using neighborhood controls. Conclusions Hib conjugate vaccine prevented a significant fraction of radiologically-confirmed pneumonia in children in Pakistan. Maximizing impact on child survival needs improved immunization coverage. C1 [Khowaja, Asif Raza; Mohiuddin, Syed; Rizvi, Bano; Pardhan, Khatidja; Lohana, Heermani; Zaidi, Anita K. M.] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Cohen, Adam L.; Zell, Elizabeth; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mirza, Waseem; Nadeem, Naila; Zuberi, Talha; Salam, Basit; Mubarak, Fatima; Husen, Yousuf] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Radiol, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Zuberi, Hassan Khalid] Sindh Govt Children Hosp, Nazimabad, Pakistan. [Mustafa, Sultan] Abbasi Shaheed Hosp, Karachi, Pakistan. [Sheikh, Salma H.; Nizamani, Akbar] Liaqual Univ Med Hlth Sci Hosp, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, Pakistan. [Mulholland, Kim] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Bosan, Altaf] Minist Hlth, Fed Expanded Program Immunizat, Islamabad, Pakistan. RP Zaidi, AKM (reprint author), Aga Khan Univ, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Stadium Rd,POB 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. EM anita.zaidi@aku.edu FU GAVI Hib Initiative; GAVI Alliance; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, USA [ID43 TW0075 85-01] FX Supported by the GAVI Hib Initiative, and funded by the GAVI Alliance to Johns Hopkins University, with a sub-grant to Aga Khan University, Karachi Pakistan. A. R. K. received partial training support from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, USA (ID43 TW0075 85-01). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S79 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.034 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700013 PM 23773598 ER PT J AU Pilishvili, T Chernyshova, L Bondarenko, A Lapiy, F Sychova, I Cohen, A Flannery, B Hajjeh, R AF Pilishvili, Tamara Chernyshova, Liudmyla Bondarenko, Anastasia Lapiy, Fedir Sychova, Irina Cohen, Adam Flannery, Brendan Hajjeh, Rana TI Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine Introduction against Radiologically-Confirmed Hospitalized Pneumonia in Young Children in Ukraine SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; HIB DISEASE; MENINGITIS; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; BURDEN AB Objective Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine was included into the national vaccination schedule of Ukraine in 2006. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of Hib conjugate vaccine against radiologically-confirmed hospitalized pneumonia in children. Study design Children <2 years old with radiologically confirmed pneumonia admitted to 11 participating hospitals in Kiev and Dnepropetrovsk between April 2007 and June 2009 were included in a case-control evaluation. Four controls were matched to each case by date of birth (within 14 days) and outpatient clinic. We estimated ORs for vaccination and vaccine effectiveness ((1 - OR)*100%) using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for comorbid conditions and contraindications for vaccination. Results We enrolled 188 case-children and 735 controls. Median age was 16 months (range 4-24 months). Fifty-one percent of cases and 67% of controls received >= 1 doses of Hib conjugate vaccine; 26% of cases and 37% of controls received >= 3 doses. The effectiveness of >= 1 dose Hib conjugate vaccine was estimated at 45% (95% CI 18%-63%). Conclusions Our study showed that Hib infections are important causes of hospitalized radiologically confirmed pneumonia in young children in Ukraine. C1 [Pilishvili, Tamara; Cohen, Adam; Flannery, Brendan; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chernyshova, Liudmyla; Bondarenko, Anastasia; Lapiy, Fedir] Natl Med Acad Postgrad Training, Kiev, Ukraine. [Sychova, Irina] Reg Hosp, Dnepropetrovsk, Ukraine. RP Pilishvili, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpilishvili@cdc.gov OI Чернышова, Людмила/0000-0002-6989-612X FU WHO Regional Office for Europe; Hib Initiative FX This program evaluation was a collaboration between the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, WHO, and the GAVI Hib Initiative. Financially supported by the WHO Regional Office for Europe with funds provided by the Hib Initiative. Technical support was provided by WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S12 EP S18 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.025 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700004 PM 23773588 ER PT J AU Scott, S Altanseseg, D Sodbayer, D Nymadawa, P Bulgan, D Mendsaikhan, J Watt, JP Slack, MPE Carvalho, MG Hajjeh, R Edmond, KM AF Scott, Susana Altanseseg, Dorjpurev Sodbayer, Demberelsuren Nymadawa, Pagvajav Bulgan, Davaadash Mendsaikhan, Jamsran Watt, James P. Slack, Mary P. E. Carvalho, Maria G. Hajjeh, Rana Edmond, Karen M. TI Impact of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine in Mongolia: Prospective Population-Based Surveillance, 2002-2010 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; HIB DISEASE; ELIMINATION AB Objectives Bacterial meningitis is associated with high mortality and long-term complications. This study assessed the impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine on childhood bacterial meningitis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Study design Prospective, active, population-based surveillance for suspected meningitis in children aged 2-59 months was conducted (February 2002-January 2011) in 6 hospitals. Clinical data, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid were collected. The impact of Hib conjugate vaccine was assessed by comparing Hib and all cause meningitis data in the 3 years preceding pentavalent conjugate vaccine implementation (2002-2004) with 3 years postimplementation (2008-2010). Results Five hundred eleven cases of suspected meningitis were identified from 2002-2011. Pentavalent conjugate vaccine coverage in December 2005 in Ulaanbaatar city was 97%. The proportion of suspected cases confirmed as Hib meningitis decreased from 25% (50/201) in the prevaccination era to 2% (4/193) in the postvaccination era (P < .0001). The annual incidence of Hib decreased from 28 cases per 100 000 children in 2002-2005 to 2 per 100 000 in 2008-2010 (P < .0001). Conclusions This article demonstrates the marked impact of Hib conjugate vaccine introduction on meningitis in Mongolia. It is important to sustain this surveillance system to monitor the long-term impact of Hib conjugate vaccine, as well as other interventions such as pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines. C1 [Scott, Susana; Edmond, Karen M.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Sodbayer, Demberelsuren; Mendsaikhan, Jamsran] WHO, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Watt, James P.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Slack, Mary P. E.] Publ Hlth England, Reference Microbiol Serv, Resp & Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Uni, London, England. [Carvalho, Maria G.; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edmond, Karen M.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Pediat & Child Hlth, Crawley, Australia. RP Scott, S (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM susana.scott@lshtm.ac.uk NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S8 EP S11 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.024 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700003 PM 23773599 ER PT J AU Sigauque, B Vubil, D Sozinho, A Quinto, L Morais, L Sacoor, C Carvalho, MG Verani, JR Alonso, PL Roca, A AF Sigauque, Betuel Vubil, Delfino Sozinho, Acacio Quinto, Llorenc Morais, Luis Sacoor, Charfudin Carvalho, Maria G. Verani, Jennifer R. Alonso, Pedro L. Roca, Anna TI Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease among Children in Rural Mozambique: Impact of Vaccine Introduction SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACUTE BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; SOUTH-AFRICA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IMMUNIZATION; PREVALENCE; AREA; ETIOLOGY AB Objective Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine has dramatically reduced invasive Hib disease worldwide. Yet, data on protection against pneumonia and among children with HIV are limited. We evaluated the impact of Hib conjugate vaccine introduction in 2009 in a rural, high-HIV prevalence area in Mozambique. Study design From 2006-2011, we conducted hospital-based surveillance for invasive Hib disease and clinical pneumonia (classified as severe and very severe) among children <5 years of age. Incidences calculated using population denominators were compared between baseline (2006-2008) and post-Hib conjugate vaccine (2010-2011) periods. Surveillance data for radiologically-confirmed pneumonia among children <2 years of age in 2011 were compared with baseline data from 2004-2006. Results Among 50 cases of invasive Hib disease, 5 occurred after Hib conjugate vaccine introduction; 1 case-patient was age-eligible for Hib conjugate vaccine (and had received 3 doses). Four post-Hib conjugate vaccine case-patients (including Hib conjugate vaccine failure) had HIV. Among children <1 and <5 years of age, significant reductions occurred in rates of invasive Hib disease (91% and 85%, respectively) and very severe pneumonia (29% and 34%, respectively). Radiologically-confirmed pneumonia incidence fell significantly (33%) in children <2 years of age. Severe pneumonia incidence did not decline. Conclusions We demonstrate important reductions in invasive disease and pneumonia following Hib conjugate vaccine introduction in a high-HIV area. Continued surveillance is needed to monitor long-term Hib conjugate vaccine effects, particularly among children with HIV. C1 [Sigauque, Betuel; Vubil, Delfino; Sozinho, Acacio; Morais, Luis; Sacoor, Charfudin; Alonso, Pedro L.; Roca, Anna] Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Manhica, Maputo, Mozambique. [Sigauque, Betuel; Sozinho, Acacio] Minist Saude, Inst Nacl Saude, Maputo, Mozambique. [Quinto, Llorenc; Alonso, Pedro L.; Roca, Anna] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Carvalho, Maria G.; Verani, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sigauque, B (reprint author), Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Rd 12,POB 1929, Manhica, Maputo, Mozambique. EM betuel.sigauque@manhica.net FU GAVI Alliance [90022369]; Spanish Agency for the International Cooperation and Development FX Supported by the GAVI Alliance funded GAVI Hib Initiative (90022369) and partially supported by the Spanish Agency for the International Cooperation and Development. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsors as well as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S19 EP S24 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.026 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700005 PM 23773589 ER PT J AU Sultana, NK Saha, SK Al-Emran, HM Modak, JK Sharker, MAY El-Arifeen, S Cohen, AL Baqui, AH Luby, SP AF Sultana, Nadira K. Saha, Samir K. Al-Emran, Hassan M. Modak, Joyanta K. Sharker, M. A. Yushuf El-Arifeen, Shams Cohen, Adam L. Baqui, Abdullah H. Luby, Stephen P. TI Impact of Introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine into Childhood Immunization on Meningitis in Bangladeshi Infants SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HONG-KONG; CHILDREN; BURDEN; DISEASE; COUNTRIES; ASIA AB Objectives Some Asian countries have been reluctant to adopt Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccination because of uncertainty over disease burden. We assessed the impact of introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization in Bangladesh on purulent and laboratory-confirmed H influenzae meningitis. Study design Within a well-defined catchment area around 2 surveillance hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we compared the incidence of Hib meningitis confirmed by culture, latex agglutination, and polymerase chain reaction assay among infants 1 year before and 1 year after introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine. We adjusted the incidence rate for the proportion of children who sought care at the surveillance hospitals. Results Among infants, the incidence of confirmed Hib meningitis decreased from 92-16 cases per 100 000 within 1 year of vaccine introduction (vaccine preventable incidence = 76; 95% CI 18, 135 per 100 000). The incidence of purulent meningitis decreased from 1659-1159 per 100 000 (vaccine preventable incidence = 500; 95% CI: 203, 799 per 100 000). During the same time period, there was no significant difference in the incidence of meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Conclusions Introduction of conjugate Hib conjugate vaccine into Bangladesh Expanded Program on Immunization markedly reduced the burden of Hib and purulent meningitis. C1 [Sultana, Nadira K.; Sharker, M. A. Yushuf; El-Arifeen, Shams; Luby, Stephen P.] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Saha, Samir K.; Al-Emran, Hassan M.; Modak, Joyanta K.] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Cohen, Adam L.; Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baqui, Abdullah H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Luby, SP (reprint author), Stanford Univ, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM sluby@stanford.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the GAVI Hib Initiative at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health [GR-00580] FX Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the GAVI Hib Initiative (GR-00580) at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S73 EP S78 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.033 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700012 PM 23773597 ER PT J AU Teleb, N Pilishvili, T Van Beneden, C Ghoneim, A Amjad, K Mostafa, A Estighamati, AR Smeo, MN Barkia, A ElKhatib, M Mujaly, A Ashmony, H Jassim, KA Hajjeh, RA AF Teleb, Nadia Pilishvili, Tamara Van Beneden, Chris Ghoneim, Amani Amjad, Khawaja Mostafa, Amani Estighamati, Abdul Reza Smeo, Mohamed Najib Barkia, Abdelaziz ElKhatib, Mutaz Mujaly, Abdellatif Ashmony, Hossam Jassim, Kifah Ahmed Hajjeh, Rana A. TI Bacterial Meningitis Surveillance in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005-2010: Successes and Challenges of a Regional Network SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; DISEASE; AFRICA AB Objective To describe epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region countries and assist in introduction of new bacterial vaccines. Study design A laboratory-based sentinel surveillance was established in 2004, and up to 10 countries joined the network until 2010. Personnel at participating hospitals and national public health laboratories received training in surveillance and laboratory methods and used standard clinical and laboratory-confirmed case definitions. Results Over 22 000 suspected cases of meningitis were reported among children <= 5 years old and >6600 among children >5 years old. In children <= 5 years old, 921 of 13 125 probable cases (7.0%) were culture-confirmed. The most commonly isolated pathogens were S pneumoniae (27% of confirmed cases), N meningitidis (22%), and H influenzae (10%). Among culture-confirmed case-patients with known outcome, case-fatality rate was 7.0% and 12.2% among children <= 5 years old and those >5 years old, respectively. Declining numbers of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis cases within 2 years post-Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine introduction were observed in Pakistan. Conclusions Bacterial meningitis continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Surveillance networks for bacterial meningitis ensure that all sites are using standardized methodologies. Surveillance data are useful to monitor impact of various interventions including vaccines, but maintaining data quality requires consistent reporting and regular technical support. C1 [Teleb, Nadia; Ashmony, Hossam] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Pilishvili, Tamara; Van Beneden, Chris; Hajjeh, Rana A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ghoneim, Amani] Minist Hlth Cairo, Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Cairo, Egypt. [Amjad, Khawaja] Mayo Hosp, Lahore, Pakistan. [Mostafa, Amani] Minist Hlth Sudan, Expanded Program Immunizat, Khartoum, Sudan. [Estighamati, Abdul Reza] Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Tehran, Iran. [Smeo, Mohamed Najib] Natl Ctr Communicable Dis Control, Zliten, Libya. [Barkia, Abdelaziz] Minist Hlth, Rabat, Morocco. [ElKhatib, Mutaz] Minist Hlth, Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Damascus, Syria. [Mujaly, Abdellatif] Elyemen El Swedy Hosp, Taizi, Yemen. [Jassim, Kifah Ahmed] Minist Hlth, Baghdad, Iraq. RP Hajjeh, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RHajjeh@CDC.gov FU World Health Organization; GAVI Hib Initiative; Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan consortiums; GAVI Alliance FX Funded by the World Health Organization, the GAVI Hib Initiative, and Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan consortiums, funded by the GAVI Alliance. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S25 EP S31 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.03.027 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 167RW UT WOS:000320652700006 PM 23773590 ER PT J AU Murillo, W Veras, N Prosperi, M de Rivera, IL Paz-Bailey, G Morales-Miranda, S Juarez, SI Yang, CF DeVos, J Marin, JP Mild, M Albert, J Salemi, M AF Murillo, Wendy Veras, Nazle Prosperi, Mattia Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Morales-Miranda, Sonia Juarez, Sandra I. Yang, Chunfu DeVos, Joshua Pablo Marin, Jose Mild, Mattias Albert, Jan Salemi, Marco TI A Single Early Introduction of HIV-1 Subtype B into Central America Accounts for Most Current Cases SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; RISK BEHAVIORS; SEX WORKERS; SURVEILLANCE; TYPE-1; MUTATIONS; MEN AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants show considerable geographical separation across the world, but there is limited information from Central America. We provide the first detailed investigation of the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in six Central American countries. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on 625 HIV-1 pol gene sequences collected between 2002 and 2010 in Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Belize. Published sequences from neighboring countries (n = 57) and the rest of the world (n = 740) were included as controls. Maximum likelihood methods were used to explore phylogenetic relationships. Bayesian coalescence-based methods were used to time HIV-1 introductions. Nearly all (98.9%) Central American sequences were of subtype B. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 437 (70%) sequences clustered within five significantly supported monophyletic clades formed essentially by Central American sequences. One clade contained 386 (62%) sequences from all six countries; the other four clades were smaller and more country specific, suggesting discrete subepidemics. The existence of one large well-supported Central American clade provides evidence that a single introduction of HIV-1 subtype B in Central America accounts for most current cases. An introduction during the early phase of the HIV-1 pandemic may explain its epidemiological success. Moreover, the smaller clades suggest a subsequent regional spread related to specific transmission networks within each country. C1 [Murillo, Wendy; Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette] Natl Autonomous Univ Honduras, Dept Microbiol, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Murillo, Wendy; Mild, Mattias; Albert, Jan] Karolinska Inst, Dept Microbiol Cell & Tumor Biol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Veras, Nazle; Prosperi, Mattia; Salemi, Marco] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Dept Pathol Immunol & Lab Med, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. [Paz-Bailey, Gabriela; Morales-Miranda, Sonia] Del Valle Univ Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Juarez, Sandra I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Yang, Chunfu; DeVos, Joshua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pablo Marin, Jose] San Juan de Dios Hosp, Mol Biol Lab, Costa Rican Social Secur, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Mild, Mattias] Swedish Inst Communicable Dis Control, Stockholm, Sweden. [Albert, Jan] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Salemi, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Dept Pathol Immunol & Lab Med, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. EM salemi@pathology.ufl.edu RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 FU Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida); National Autonomous University of Honduras; Network for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases in Central America (NeTropica) [06-R-2010]; Swedish Medical Research Council; European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under Chain grant [223131]; European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) EuroCoord grant [260694] FX This study was funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) on behalf of a bilateral collaboration with the National Autonomous University of Honduras, the Network for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases in Central America (NeTropica) under project no. 06-R-2010, and the Swedish Medical Research Council. The research leading to these results also received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Chain grant agreement no. 223131 and EuroCoord grant agreement no. 260694. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 87 IS 13 BP 7463 EP 7470 DI 10.1128/JVI.01602-12 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 160JT UT WOS:000320116500023 PM 23616665 ER PT J AU Smith, DB Purdy, MA Simmonds, P AF Smith, Donald B. Purdy, Michael A. Simmonds, Peter TI Genetic Variability and the Classification of Hepatitis E Virus (vol 87, pg 4161, 2013) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Smith, Donald B.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immunol Infect & Evolut, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Smith, DB (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immunol Infect & Evolut, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 87 IS 13 BP 7787 EP 7787 DI 10.1128/JVI.01092-13 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 160JT UT WOS:000320116500055 ER PT J AU Moreira, C Santos, R Moreira, P Lobelo, F Ruiz, JR Vale, S Santos, PC Abreu, S Mota, J AF Moreira, C. Santos, R. Moreira, P. Lobelo, F. Ruiz, J. R. Vale, S. Santos, P. C. Abreu, S. Mota, J. TI Cardiorespiratory fitness is negatively associated with metabolic risk factors independently of the adherence to a healthy dietary pattern SO NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Metabolic syndrome; Diet; Adolescents ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN; YOUTH; SAMPLE; WOMEN; MODEL; MEN AB Background and aim: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and diet have been involved as significant factors towards the prevention of cardio-metabolic diseases. This study aimed to assess the impact of the combined associations of CRF and adherence to the Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEADiet) on the clustering of metabolic risk factors in adolescents. Methods and Results: A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 468 adolescents aged 15-18, from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, waits circumference and height. HOMA, TC/HDL-C ratio and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was constructed by summing the Z scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had >= 1SD of this score. CRF was measured with the 20 m-Shuttle-Run-Test. Adherence to SEADiet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, unfit adolescents with low adherence to SEADiet had the highest odds of having MRS (OR = 9.4; 95% CI: 2.6-33.3) followed by the unfit ones with high adherence to the SEADiet (OR = 6.6; 95% CI: 1.9-22.5) when compared to those who were fit and had higher adherence to SEADiet. Conclusions: Unfit adolescents showed higher odds of having high MRS, regardless of the adherence to SEADiet suggesting that high CRF may overcome the deleterious effects of low adherence to a healthy dietary pattern in adolescents. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moreira, C.; Santos, R.; Moreira, P.; Vale, S.; Santos, P. C.; Abreu, S.; Mota, J.] Univ Porto, Fac Sport, Res Ctr Phys Act Hlth & Leisure, P-4200450 Oporto, Portugal. [Moreira, P.] Univ Porto, Fac Nutr & Food Sci, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Lobelo, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ruiz, J. R.] NOVUM Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Unit Prevent Nutr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Ruiz, J. R.] Univ Granada, Sch Sport Sci, Dept Phys Act & Sports, Granada, Spain. [Santos, P. C.] IPP, Sch Hlth Technol Porto, Dept Physiotherapy, Oporto, Portugal. RP Moreira, C (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Sport, Res Ctr Phys Act Hlth & Leisure, Rua Dr Placido Costa 91, P-4200450 Oporto, Portugal. EM carla_m_moreira@sapo.pt RI mota, jorge/B-2980-2013; Moreira, Pedro/K-5456-2012; Abreu, Sandra/L-7547-2013; Santos, Paula Clara/L-8273-2013; Vale, Susana/L-8367-2013; Santos, Rute/A-6401-2012; RUIZ, JONATAN/M-1338-2015; OI Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193; Vale, Susana/0000-0002-1703-9361; mota, jorge/0000-0001-7571-9181; Moreira, Pedro/0000-0002-7035-7799; Santos, Rute/0000-0002-7604-5753; RUIZ, JONATAN/0000-0002-7548-7138; Abreu, Sandra/0000-0002-6722-1575; Santos, Paula Clara/0000-0003-3548-700X; Moreira, Carla/0000-0003-1039-6320 FU FCT-MCTES [BD/44422/2008, BPD/65180/2009, BSAB/1025/2010, PTDC/DES/098309/2008]; Azorean Government; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [RYC-2010-05957] FX Supported by grants from the FCT-MCTES: BD/44422/2008; BPD/65180/2009; BSAB/1025/2010, PTDC/DES/098309/2008, the Azorean Government, and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC-2010-05957). NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0939-4753 J9 NUTR METAB CARDIOVAS JI Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 23 IS 7 BP 670 EP 676 DI 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.01.011 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 167QF UT WOS:000320646100012 PM 22484148 ER PT J AU Gletsu-Miller, N Kahn, HS Gasevic, D Liang, Z Frediani, JK Torres, WE Ziegler, TR Phillips, LS Lin, E AF Gletsu-Miller, Nana Kahn, Henry S. Gasevic, Danijela Liang, Zhe Frediani, Jennifer K. Torres, William E. Ziegler, Thomas R. Phillips, Lawrence S. Lin, Edward TI Sagittal Abdominal Diameter and Visceral Adiposity Correlates of Beta-Cell Function and Dysglycemia in Severely Obese Women SO OBESITY SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Type 2 diabetes; Waist circumference; Anthropometry; Intra-abdominal fat; Insulin resistance; Sagittal abdominal diameter ID INSULIN-RESISTANCE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE; WEIGHT-LOSS; ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; INTRAABDOMINAL FAT; BARIATRIC SURGERY; PANCREATIC FAT; REGIONAL FAT; IRAS FAMILY AB In the context of increasing obesity prevalence, the relationship between large visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volumes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. In a clinical sample of severely obese women (mean body mass index [BMI], 46 kg/m(2)) with fasting normoglycemia (n = 40) or dysglycemia (impaired fasting glucose + diabetes; n = 20), we sought to determine the usefulness of anthropometric correlates of VAT and associations with dysglycemia. VAT volume was estimated using multi-slice computer tomography; anthropometric surrogates included sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), waist circumference (WC) and BMI. Insulin sensitivity (Si), and beta-cell dysfunction, measured by insulin secretion (AIRg) and the disposition index (DI), were determined by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Compared to fasting normoglycemic women, individuals with dysglycemia had greater VAT (P < 0.001) and SAD (P = 0.04), but BMI, total adiposity and Si were similar. VAT was inversely associated with AIRg and DI after controlling for ancestry, Si, and total adiposity (standardized beta, -0.32 and -0.34, both P < 0.05). In addition, SAD (beta = 0.41, P = 0.02) was found to be a better estimate of VAT volume than WC (beta = 0.32, P = 0.08) after controlling for covariates. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that VAT volume, followed by SAD, outperformed WC and BMI in identifying dysglycemic participants. Increasing VAT is associated with beta-cell dysfunction and dysglycemia in very obese women. In the presence of severe obesity, SAD is a simple surrogate of VAT, and an indicator of glucose dysregulation. C1 [Gletsu-Miller, Nana] Purdue Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kahn, Henry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gasevic, Danijela] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biomed Physiol & Kinesiol, Vancouver, BC V6B 5K3, Canada. [Liang, Zhe; Lin, Edward] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Frediani, Jennifer K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Torres, William E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ziegler, Thomas R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Phillips, Lawrence S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gletsu-Miller, N (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, 700 W State St,Stone Hall,Room 202, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ngletsum@purdue.edu; hsk1@cdc.gov; dga4@sfu.ca; zliang2@emory.edu; jfredia@emory.edu; William.Torres@emoryhealthcare.org; tzieg01@emory.edu; lawrence.phillips@emory.edu; elin2@emory.edu OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 FU National Institute of Health [R03 DK067167, R21 DK 075745, K24 RR023356, DK066204]; General Clinical Research Center [M01 RR00039]; Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute [UL1 RR025008]; Veterans' Association HSRD [SHP 08-144, IIR 07-138] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Health grants R03 DK067167 and R21 DK 075745 (to NGM), K24 RR023356 (to TRZ), DK066204 (to LSP), General Clinical Research Center Grant M01 RR00039 and the Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute grant UL1 RR025008 and the Veterans' Association HSR&D awards SHP 08-144 and IIR 07-138 (to LSP). This paper was submitted in part at the Scientific Sessions of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting 2010. We thank all the study participants. Adeola T. Ayeni, MD, Emory University Department of Medicine, assisted with clinical research coordination of the study participants. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0960-8923 J9 OBES SURG JI Obes. Surg. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 23 IS 7 BP 874 EP 881 DI 10.1007/s11695-013-0874-6 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 157GU UT WOS:000319884900003 PM 23408092 ER PT J AU Peipins, LA Graham, S Young, R Lewis, B Flanagan, B AF Peipins, Lucy A. Graham, Shannon Young, Randall Lewis, Brian Flanagan, Barry TI Racial disparities in travel time to radiotherapy facilities in the Atlanta metropolitan area SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer treatment; Geographic disparities; Radiation therapy; Geographic information systems; Healthcare access ID BREAST-CONSERVING SURGERY; RADIATION-THERAPY FACILITIES; 20-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; CANCER PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; MASTECTOMY; DISTANCE; WOMEN; TRIAL; LUMPECTOMY AB Low-income women with breast cancer who rely on public transportation may have difficulty in completing recommended radiation therapy due to inadequate access to radiation facilities. Using a geographic information system (GIS) and network analysis we quantified spatial accessibility to radiation treatment facilities in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. We built a transportation network model that included all bus and rail routes and stops, system transfers and walk and wait times experienced by public transportation system travelers. We also built a private transportation network to model travel times by automobile. We calculated travel times to radiation therapy facilities via public and private transportation from a population-weighted center of each census tract located within the study area. We broadly grouped the tracts by low, medium and high household access to a private vehicle and by race. Facility service areas were created using the network model to map the extent of areal coverage at specified travel times (30, 45 and 60 min) for both public and private modes of transportation. The median public transportation travel time to the nearest radiotherapy facility was 56 min vs. approximately 8 min by private vehicle. We found that majority black census tracts had longer public transportation travel times than white tracts across all categories of vehicle access and that 39% of women in the study area had longer than I h of public transportation travel time to the nearest facility. In addition, service area analyses identified locations where the travel time barriers are the greatest. Spatial inaccessibility, especially for women who must use public transportation, is one of the barriers they face in receiving optimal treatment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Peipins, Lucy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Graham, Shannon; Young, Randall] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Geospatial Res Anal & Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lewis, Brian; Flanagan, Barry] Hewlett Packard Enterprises, Palo Alto, GA USA. RP Peipins, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lbp6@cdc.gov FU Susan G. Komen for the Cure through the CDC Foundation; Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Susan G. Komen for the Cure through the CDC Foundation. Support for this study was also given by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.04.018 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 171ED UT WOS:000320907000005 PM 23726213 ER PT J AU King, BA Mirza, SA Babb, SD AF King, Brian A. Mirza, Sara A. Babb, Stephen D. CA GATS Collaborating Grp TI A cross-country comparison of secondhand smoke exposure among adults: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID STUDENT SURVEY GHPSS; FREE LEGISLATION; SECTIONAL SURVEY; 2ND-HAND SMOKE; FREE HOMES; IMPLEMENTATION; SCOTLAND AB Objective Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from burning tobacco products causes disease and premature death among non-smoking adults and children. The objective of this study was to determine the nature, extent and demographic correlates of SHS exposure among adults in low-and middle-income countries with a high burden of tobacco use. Methods Data were obtained from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), a nationally representative household survey of individuals 15 years of age or older. Interviews were conducted during 2008-2010 in Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Vietnam. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and correlates of SHS exposure in homes, workplaces, government buildings, restaurants, public transportation and healthcare facilities. Results Exposure to SHS in the home ranged from 17.3% (Mexico) to 73.1% (Vietnam). Among those who work in an indoor area outside the home, SHS exposure in the workplace ranged from 16.5% (Uruguay) to 63.3% (China). Exposure to SHS ranged from 6.9% (Uruguay) to 72.7% (Egypt) in government buildings, 4.4% (Uruguay) to 88.5% (China) in restaurants, 5.4% (Uruguay) to 79.6% (Egypt) on public transportation, and 3.8% (Uruguay) to 49.2% (Egypt) in healthcare facilities. Conclusions A large proportion of adults living in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to SHS in their homes, workplaces, and other public places. Countries can enact and enforce legislation requiring 100% smoke-free public places and workplaces, and can also conduct educational initiatives to reduce SHS exposure in homes. C1 [King, Brian A.; Mirza, Sara A.; Babb, Stephen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [King, Brian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov RI Andreeva, Tatiana/G-6306-2010 OI Andreeva, Tatiana/0000-0001-5663-6225 FU Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS); Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in China; Brazilian Ministry of Health in Brazil; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India FX Funding for the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) was provided by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a programme of Bloomberg Philanthropies. GATS was cofunded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in China, by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in Brazil, and by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India. Technical assistance was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), WHO, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and RTI International. Programme support was provided by the CDC Foundation. The authors had full access to all the data in the study and final responsibility to submit the report for publication. NR 25 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 20 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD JUL PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 AR e5 DI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050582 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 161AR UT WOS:000320163000001 PM 23019273 ER PT J AU Liau, A Crepaz, N Lyles, CM Higa, DH Mullins, MM DeLuca, J Petters, S Marks, G AF Liau, Adrian Crepaz, Nicole Lyles, Cynthia M. Higa, Darrel H. Mullins, Mary M. DeLuca, Julia Petters, Sarah Marks, Gary CA HIV AIDS Prevention Res Synth PRS TI Interventions to Promote Linkage to and Utilization of HIV Medical Care Among HIV-diagnosed Persons: A Qualitative Systematic Review, 1996-2011 SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE HIV care utilization; Linkage to care; Retention in care; HIV/AIDS; People living with HIV; Qualitative systematic review ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HEALTH-CARE; CASE-MANAGEMENT; INFECTED PERSONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SERVICE UTILIZATION; RETENTION; OUTREACH; ACCESS AB This qualitative systematic review examined interventions that promote linkage to or utilization of HIV care among HIV-diagnosed persons in the United States. We conducted automated searches of electronic databases (i.e., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL) and manual searches of journals, reference lists, and listservs. Fourteen studies from 19 published reports between 1996 and 2011 met our inclusion criteria. We developed a three-tier approach, based on strength of study design, to evaluate 6 findings on linkage to care and 18 findings on HIV care utilization. Our review identified similar strategies for the two outcomes, including active coordinator's role in helping with linking to or utilizing HIV care; offering information and education about HIV care; providing motivational or strengths-based counseling; accompanying clients to medical appointments and helping with appointment coordination. The interventions focused almost exclusively on individual-level factors. More research is recommended to examine interventions that address system and structural barriers. C1 [Liau, Adrian; Crepaz, Nicole; Lyles, Cynthia M.; Higa, Darrel H.; Mullins, Mary M.; DeLuca, Julia; Petters, Sarah] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marks, Gary] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crepaz, N (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ncrepaz@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1941 EP 1962 DI 10.1007/s10461-013-0435-y PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 158RS UT WOS:000319990900003 PM 23456593 ER PT J AU Meader, N Semaan, S Halton, M Bhatti, H Chan, M Llewellyn, A Des Jarlais, DC AF Meader, Nicholas Semaan, Salaam Halton, Marie Bhatti, Henna Chan, Melissa Llewellyn, Alexis Des Jarlais, Don C. TI An International Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Multisession Psychosocial Interventions Compared with Educational or Minimal Interventions on the HIV Sex Risk Behaviors of People Who Use Drugs SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE HIV/AIDS prevention; People who use drugs; Harm reduction; Meta-analysis; Sexual risk behavior ID NEW-YORK-CITY; PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; INJECT DRUGS; REDUCTION; HETEROGENEITY; TRANSMISSION; EFFICACY; OUTCOMES AB This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the effectiveness of multisession psychosocial interventions compared with educational interventions and minimal interventions in reducing sexual risk in people who use drugs (51 studies; 19,209 participants). We conducted comprehensive searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsychINFO 1998-2012). Outcomes (unprotected sex, condom use, or a composite outcome) were extracted by two authors and synthesised using meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore heterogeneity. Multisession psychosocial interventions had modest additional benefits compared to educational interventions (K = 46; OR 0.86; 95 % CI 0.77, 0.96), and large positive effects compared to minimal interventions (K = 7; OR 0.60; 95 % CI 0.46, 0.78). Comparison with previous meta-analyses suggested limited progress in recent years in developing more effective interventions. Multisession psychosocial and educational interventions provided similar modest sexual risk reduction justifying offering educational interventions in settings with limited exposure to sexual risk reduction interventions, messages, and resources. C1 [Meader, Nicholas; Llewellyn, Alexis] Univ York, Ctr Reviews & Disseminat, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halton, Marie; Bhatti, Henna] Royal Coll Psychiatrists, Natl Collaborating Ctr Mental Hlth, Res Unit, London SW1X 8PG, England. [Chan, Melissa] Univ Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Des Jarlais, Don C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chem Dependency Inst, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Meader, N (reprint author), Univ York, Ctr Reviews & Disseminat, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM nick.meader@york.ac.uk FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 083035] NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1963 EP 1978 DI 10.1007/s10461-012-0403-y PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 158RS UT WOS:000319990900004 PM 23386132 ER PT J AU Sharp, DS Andrew, ME Fekedulegn, DB Burchfiel, CM Violanti, JM Wactawski-Wende, J Miller, DB AF Sharp, Dan S. Andrew, Michael E. Fekedulegn, Desta B. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Violanti, John M. Wactawski-Wende, Jean Miller, Diane B. TI The cortisol response in policemen: Intraindividual variation, not concentration level, predicts truncal obesity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADRENAL AXIS ACTIVITY; BODY-MASS INDEX; SALIVARY CORTISOL; VISCERAL OBESITY; CHRONIC STRESS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ABDOMINAL OBESITY; MEN; FOOD; DISORDERS AB Objectives Chronic stress, characteristic of police work, affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis' control of cortisol production. Capacity to vary cortisol may be the appropriate measurement to interpret associations with chronic diseases, including obesity, best measured by variability within a person, not central tendency. Methods On each of 217 policemen, 18 saliva specimens were obtained for cortisol. Statistical models examined the associations of within-subjects (W-S) cortisol standard deviation (SD) and W-S cortisol mean with waist circumference and four body composition indexes: BMI, and three derived from DEXA: fat-mass, and trunk and extremities lean-mass. Explained variance and the functional nature of associations are reported. Results Associations of anthropometrics with W-S cortisol mean were not statistically significant at P<0.05; all associations with W-S cortisol SD were significant. The association of trunk lean mass index (LMIt) with W-S cortisol SD dominated all models. Associations of W-S cortisol SD with other indexes vanished when models contained LMIt ; when any other index was included in models predicting LMIt, associations with W-S cortisol SD remained significant. The functional association between LMIt and W-S cortisol SD is progressively hockey stick, monotonic increasing, and flattens at joint high values. Conclusions Results support inferences that LMIt measures visceral adiposity and W-S cortisol variability appears to be an appropriate construct to measure in association with visceral adiposity. The hockey stick character of the association is consistent with other investigations suggesting obesity is associated with less W-S cortisol variation; however, the monotonic increase and flattening of association at increasing W-ScortisolSD values suggests a more complex association, potentially interpretable by allostasis models of causation. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 25:499-507, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Sharp, Dan S.; Andrew, Michael E.; Fekedulegn, Desta B.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Violanti, John M.; Wactawski-Wende, Jean] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, TMBB, CDC, HELD,TMBB, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Sharp, DS (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd MS4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM DSharp@cdc.gov RI Miller, Diane/O-2927-2013 FU NIOSH [200-2003-01580] FX Contract grant sponsor: NIOSH; Contract grant number: 200-2003-01580. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-0533 EI 1520-6300 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 25 IS 4 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.1002/ajhb.22397 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 167WE UT WOS:000320665300007 PM 23606277 ER PT J AU Bowman, JD Ray, TK Park, RM AF Bowman, Joseph D. Ray, Tapas K. Park, Robert M. TI Possible Health Benefits From Reducing Occupational Magnetic Fields SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE risk assessment; EMF; brain cancer; leukemia; DALY ID ELECTRIC UTILITY WORKERS; NESTED CASE-CONTROL; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; BRAIN CANCER; GLOBAL BURDEN; EXPOSURE; LEUKEMIA; RISKS; TUMORS; MORTALITY AB Background Magnetic fields (MF) from AC electricity are a Possible Human Carcinogen, based on limited epidemiologic evidence from exposures far below occupational health limits. Methods To help formulate government guidance on occupational MF, the cancer cases prevented and the monetary benefits accruing to society by reducing workplace exposures were determined. Life-table methods produced Disability Adjusted Life Years, which were converted to monetary values. Results Adjusted for probabilities of causality, the expected increase in a worker's disability-free life are 0.04 year (2 weeks) from a 1microtesla (mu T) MF reduction in average worklife exposure, which is equivalent to $5,100/worker/mu T in year 2010 U.S. dollars (95% confidence interval $1,000-$9,000/worker/mu T). Where nine electrosteel workers had 13.8 mu T exposures, for example, moving them to ambient MFs would provide $600,000 in benefits to society (uncertainty interval $0-$1,000,000). Conclusions When combined with the costs of controls, this analysis provides guidance for precautionary recommendations for managing occupational MF exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:791-805, 2013. Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bowman, Joseph D.] NIOSH, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Ray, Tapas K.] NIOSH, Org Sci & Human Factors Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Park, Robert M.] NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Bowman, JD (reprint author), Mailstop R-5,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jbowman@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 56 IS 7 BP 791 EP 805 DI 10.1002/ajim.22129 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 165GM UT WOS:000320471400007 PM 23129537 ER PT J AU Ferdinands, JM Gargiullo, P Haber, M Moore, M Belongia, EA Shay, DK AF Ferdinands, Jill M. Gargiullo, Paul Haber, Michael Moore, Matthew Belongia, Edward A. Shay, David K. TI Inactivated Influenza Vaccines for Prevention of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The Limits of Using Nonspecific Outcomes in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ELDERLY-PEOPLE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; EFFICACY; RISK; HOSPITALIZATIONS; MORTALITY; PREPAREDNESS; METAANALYSIS AB Background: One to 4 million cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) occur annually in the United States, resulting in 600,000 hospitalizations and 45,000 deaths. Influenza infection facilitates secondary bacterial infections, and influenza vaccination may prevent CAP directly by preventing influenza pneumonia or indirectly by preventing secondary bacterial CAP. Methods: We investigated how influenza vaccination could affect incidence of CAP using deterministic probability and stochastic simulation models. The models included likely influential factors, including vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza, rates of influenza in the unvaccinated, vaccination coverage, and the relative risk (RR) of pneumonia, given influenza infection. To estimate effectiveness of influenza vaccine against CAP, we assumed mean VE against influenza of 55% and vaccine coverage of 38%. Results: Given our baseline parameters, influenza vaccine had a mean effectiveness against CAP of 7% (95% confidence interval = 0-25%). Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against CAP increased as its effectiveness against influenza increased, as RR of pneumonia after influenza infection increased, and as rates of influenza among unvaccinated persons increased. Conclusions: No matter how effective vaccine may be in preventing influenza infection, it is only modestly effective at preventing CAP. Because of the large annual burden of CAP, a vaccine that is only moderately effective in preventing influenza infection has the potential to prevent a substantial number of CAP cases. This modeling approach may be useful for planning influenza vaccine-probe studies and evaluating the effectiveness of other interventions targeted against infections that manifest in nonspecific outcomes. C1 [Ferdinands, Jill M.; Gargiullo, Paul; Moore, Matthew; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ferdinands, Jill M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haber, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. RP Ferdinands, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JFerdinands@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU MedImmune; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX E.A.B. receives research support from MedImmune. Funding was provided to E. A. B. by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No other authors declare conflicts of interest. Internal funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention supported this work. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 2013 VL 24 IS 4 BP 530 EP 537 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182953065 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 162ZU UT WOS:000320305900008 PM 23732734 ER PT J AU Fitz-Simon, N Fletcher, T Luster, MI Steenland, K Calafat, AM Kato, K Armstrong, B AF Fitz-Simon, Nicola Fletcher, Tony Luster, Michael I. Steenland, Kyle Calafat, Antonia M. Kato, Kayoko Armstrong, Ben TI Reductions in Serum Lipids with a 4-year Decline in Serum Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; FLUOROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION WORKERS; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; PFOA CONCENTRATIONS; LIVER-ENZYMES; PPAR-GAMMA; CHOLESTEROL; EXPOSURE; PARAMETERS AB Background: Several epidemiological cross-sectional studies have found positive associations between serum concentrations of lipids and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, or C8). A longitudinal study should be less susceptible to biases from uncontrolled confounding or reverse causality. Methods: We investigated the association between within-individual changes in serum PFOA and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and changes in serum lipid levels (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides) over a 4.4-year period. The study population consisted of 560 adults living in parts of Ohio and West Virginia where public drinking water had been contaminated with PFOA. They had participated in a cross-sectional study in 2005-2006, and were followed up in 2010, by which time exposure to PFOA had been substantially reduced. Results: Overall serum concentrations of PFOA and PFOS fell by half from initial geometric means of 74.8 and 18.5 ng/mL, respectively, with little corresponding change in LDL cholesterol (mean increase 1.8%, standard deviation 26.6%). However, there was a tendency for people with greater declines in serum PFOA or PFOS to have greater LDL decrease. For a person whose serum PFOA fell by half, the predicted fall in LDL cholesterol was 3.6% (95% confidence interval = 1.5-5.7%). The association with a decline in PFOS was even stronger, with a 5% decrease in LDL (2.5-7.4%). Conclusions: Our findings from this longitudinal study support previous evidence from cross-sectional studies of positive associations between PFOA and PFOS in serum and LDL cholesterol. C1 [Fitz-Simon, Nicola; Fletcher, Tony; Armstrong, Ben] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Social & Environm Hlth Res, London, England. [Luster, Michael I.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV USA. [Steenland, Kyle] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Pub Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Kato, Kayoko] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fitz-Simon, N (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Chelsea & Westminster Hosp, 4th Floor,369 Fulham Rd, London SW10 9NH, England. EM n.fitz-simon@imperial.ac.uk FU C8 Class Action Settlement Agreement FX Supported by The C8 Class Action Settlement Agreement. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 32 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 2013 VL 24 IS 4 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31829443ee PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 162ZU UT WOS:000320305900013 PM 23685825 ER PT J AU Ganguly, J Low, LY Kamal, N Saile, E Forsberg, LS Gutierrez-Sanchez, G Hoffmaster, AR Liddington, R Quinn, CP Carlson, RW Kannenberg, EL AF Ganguly, Jhuma Low, Lieh Y. Kamal, Nazia Saile, Elke Forsberg, L. Scott Gutierrez-Sanchez, Gerardo Hoffmaster, Alex R. Liddington, Robert Quinn, Conrad P. Carlson, Russell W. Kannenberg, Elmar L. TI The secondary cell wall polysaccharide of Bacillus anthracis provides the specific binding ligand for the C-terminal cell wall-binding domain of two phage endolysins, PlyL and PlyG SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; bacteriophage; endolysin; polysaccharide; secondary cell wall polymer ID GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; HIGH-AFFINITY; GAMMA-PHAGE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; LAYER PROTEINS; SURFACE; ACID; IDENTIFICATION; RECOGNITION; STRAINS AB Endolysins are bacteriophage enzymes that lyse their bacterial host for phage progeny release. They commonly contain an N-terminal catalytic domain that hydrolyzes bacterial peptidoglycan (PG) and a C-terminal cell wall-binding domain (CBD) that confers enzyme localization to the PG substrate. Two endolysins, phage lysin L (PlyL) and phage lysin G (PlyG), are specific for Bacillus anthracis. To date, the cell wall ligands for their C-terminal CBD have not been identified. We recently described structures for a number of secondary cell wall polysaccharides (SCWPs) from B. anthracis and B. cereus strains. They are covalently bound to the PG and are comprised of a -ManNAc-GlcNAc-HexNAc- backbone with various galactosyl or glucosyl substitutions. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed that the endolysins PlyL and PlyG bind to the SCWP from B. anthracis (SCWPBa) with high affinity (i.e. in the mu M range with dissociation constants ranging from 0.81 x 10(-6) to 7.51 x 10(-6) M). In addition, the PlyL and PlyG SCWPBa binding sites reside with their C-terminal domains. The dissociation constants for the interactions of these endolysins and their derived C-terminal domains with the SCWPBa were in the range reported for other protein-carbohydrate interactions. Our findings show that the SCWPBa is the ligand that confers PlyL and PlyG lysin binding and localization to the PG. PlyL and PlyG also bound the SCWP from B. cereus G9241 with comparable affinities to SCWPBa. No detectable binding was found to the SCWPs from B. cereus ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 10987 and ATCC 14579, thus demonstrating specificity of lysin binding to SCWPs. C1 [Ganguly, Jhuma; Forsberg, L. Scott; Gutierrez-Sanchez, Gerardo; Carlson, Russell W.; Kannenberg, Elmar L.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Low, Lieh Y.] Shire HGT Inc, Lexington, MA USA. [Kamal, Nazia; Saile, Elke; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Liddington, Robert] Sanford Burnham Med Res Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Kannenberg, EL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM elmark@ccrc.uga.edu FU National Institute of Health [R21 AI076753]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER20097]; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF) FX This work was supported in part by National Institute of Health (R21 AI076753 to RWC). The Complex Carbohydrate Research Center was supported in part by Department of Energy (DE-FG02-09ER20097).; NK was funded through the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF). NR 52 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD JUL PY 2013 VL 23 IS 7 BP 820 EP 832 DI 10.1093/glycob/cwt019 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 160MS UT WOS:000320124400006 PM 23493680 ER PT J AU Patel, SN Marks, G Gardner, L Golin, CE Shinde, S O' Daniels, C Wilson, TE Quinlivan, EB Banderas, JW AF Patel, Shilpa N. Marks, Gary Gardner, Lytt Golin, Carol E. Shinde, Sanjyot O' Daniels, Christine Wilson, Tracey E. Quinlivan, E. Byrd Banderas, Julie W. TI Brief training of HIV medical providers increases their frequency of delivering prevention counselling to patients at risk of transmitting HIV to others SO HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV medical providers; prevention counselling; prevention with positives ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CARE PROVIDERS; POSITIVE STEPS; UNITED-STATES; IMPLEMENTATION; INTERVENTION; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE AB Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether brief training of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) medical providers increased the frequency with which they routinely delivered prevention counselling to patients, and whether patient characteristics were associated with receipt of that counselling. Design: Longitudinal. Setting: Seven HIV clinics in the United States. Method: Medical providers received training to deliver counselling to their HIV-positive patients. The evaluation was conducted with a longitudinal cohort (N = 729) of patients at baseline (before providers received training) and at six and 12 months after the intervention was initiated. Participants reported on receipt of routine counselling (at more than half of their primary care visits) about safer sex, disclosing HIV infection to sex partners, and alcohol/drug use. Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE) methods assessed changes in receipt of counselling over time. Results: The percentage of participants reporting routine safer-sex counselling increased significantly across time (b = 0.12, standard error [SE] = 0.04; p = 0.004), as did receipt of routine counselling about disclosing their HIV infection to sex partners (b = 0.21, SE = 0.05; p < 0.001). The trend was not significant for counselling about alcohol or drug use. Sub-group analysis indicated that the upward trend in routine safer-sex counselling was significant for men who have sex with men (MSM), for participants who had more than one sexual partner in the past three months, and for those who had a CD4 count of > 500cells/mm(3). Conclusion: Brief training increased the frequency with which HIV medical providers routinely delivered prevention counselling to their patients at risk of transmitting HIV to others. C1 [Patel, Shilpa N.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Marks, Gary; Gardner, Lytt; Shinde, Sanjyot; O' Daniels, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Golin, Carol E.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Golin, Carol E.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Gillings Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Shinde, Sanjyot] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA USA. [O' Daniels, Christine] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Tracey E.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Quinlivan, E. Byrd] Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Banderas, Julie W.] Univ Missouri Kansas City, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Patel, SN (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM snpate5@emory.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0017-8969 J9 HEALTH EDUC J JI Health Educ. J. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 72 IS 4 BP 431 EP 442 DI 10.1177/0017896912446740 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 165RI UT WOS:000320500700006 ER PT J AU Ovsyannikova, IG Pankratz, VS Vierkant, RA Pajewski, NM Quinn, CP Kaslow, RA Jacobson, RM Poland, GA AF Ovsyannikova, Inna G. Pankratz, V. Shane Vierkant, Robert A. Pajewski, Nicholas M. Quinn, Conrad P. Kaslow, Richard A. Jacobson, Robert M. Poland, Gregory A. TI Human Leukocyte Antigens and Cellular Immune Responses to Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; HETEROZYGOTE ADVANTAGE; RUBELLA VACCINATION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; VIRUS-INFECTION; MEASLES-VACCINE; T-CELLS; HLA; IMMUNOGENICITY; HOMOZYGOSITY AB Interindividual variations in vaccine-induced immune responses are in part due to host genetic polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and other gene families. This study examined associations between HLA genotypes, haplotypes, and homozygosity and protective antigen (PA)-specific cellular immune responses in healthy subjects following immunization with Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA). While limited associations were observed between individual HLA alleles or haplotypes and variable lymphocyte proliferative (LP) responses to AVA, analyses of homozygosity supported the hypothesis of a "heterozygote advantage." Individuals who were homozygous for any HLA locus demonstrated significantly lower PA-specific LP than subjects who were heterozygous at all eight loci (median stimulation indices [SI], 1.84 versus 2.95, P = 0.009). Similarly, we found that class I (HLA-A) and class II (HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1) homozygosity was significantly associated with an overall decrease in LP compared with heterozygosity at those three loci. Specifically, individuals who were homozygous at these loci had significantly lower PA-specific LP than subjects heterozygous for HLA-A (median SI, 1.48 versus 2.13, P = 0.005), HLA-DQA1 (median SI, 1.75 versus 2.11, P = 0.007), and HLA-DQB1 (median SI, 1.48 versus 2.13, P = 0.002) loci, respectively. Finally, homozygosity at an increasing number (>= 4) of HLA loci was significantly correlated with a reduction in LP response (P < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner. Additional studies are needed to reproduce these findings and determine whether HLA-heterozygous individuals generate stronger cellular immune response to other virulence factors (Bacillus anthracis LF and EF) than HLA-homozygous subjects. C1 [Ovsyannikova, Inna G.; Jacobson, Robert M.; Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Vaccine Res Grp, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Jacobson, Robert M.; Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Pankratz, V. Shane; Vierkant, Robert A.] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Rochester, MN USA. [Ovsyannikova, Inna G.; Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Program Translat Immunovirol & Biodef, Rochester, MN USA. [Pajewski, Nicholas M.] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaslow, Richard A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, GA USA. RP Poland, GA (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Vaccine Res Grp, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM poland.gregory@mayo.edu OI Jacobson, Robert/0000-0002-6355-8752 FU CDC Anthrax Vaccine Research Program (AVRP); DHHS CDC [200-2000-10065]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01-AI40068] FX This study was funded by the CDC Anthrax Vaccine Research Program (AVRP), DHHS CDC Contract no. 200-2000-10065 and 200-2000-10065. R. A. K. was supported in part by contract N01-AI40068 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 81 IS 7 BP 2584 EP 2591 DI 10.1128/IAI.00269-13 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 163AI UT WOS:000320307300031 PM 23649091 ER PT J AU Balish, A Garten, R Klimov, A Villanueva, J AF Balish, Amanda Garten, Rebecca Klimov, Alexander Villanueva, Julie TI Analytical detection of influenza A(H3N2)v and other A variant viruses from the USA by rapid influenza diagnostic tests SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE H3N2v; influenza A variant; rapid influenza diagnostic test ID A H1N1 VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; HUMANS; INFECTION AB Please cite this paper as: Balish etal. (2012) Analytical detection of influenza A(H3N2)v and other A variant viruses from the USA by rapid influenza diagnostic tests. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(4), 491-496. Background The performance of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) that detect influenza viral nucleoprotein (NP) antigen has been reported to be variable. Recent human infections with variant influenza A viruses that are circulating in pigs prompted the investigation of the analytical reactivity of RIDTs with these variant viruses. Objectives To determine analytical reactivity of seven FDA-cleared RIDTs with influenza A variant viruses in comparison with the reactivity with recently circulating seasonal influenza A viruses. Methods Tenfold serial dilutions of cell culture-grown seasonal and variant influenza A viruses were prepared and tested in duplicate with seven RIDTs. Results All RIDTs evaluated in this study detected the seasonal influenza A(H3N2) virus, although detection limits varied among assays. All but one examined RIDT identified the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. However, only four of seven RIDTs detected all influenza A(H3N2)v, A(H1N2)v, and A(H1N1)v viruses. Reduced sensitivity of RIDTs to variant influenza viruses may be due to amino acid differences between the NP proteins of seasonal viruses and the NP proteins from viruses circulating in pigs. Conclusions Clinicians should be aware of the limitations of RIDTs to detect influenza A variant viruses. Specimens from patients with influenza-like illness in whom H3N2v is suspected should be sent to public health laboratories for additional diagnostic testing. C1 [Balish, Amanda; Garten, Rebecca; Klimov, Alexander; Villanueva, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Villanueva, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-G-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jvillanueva@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 491 EP 496 DI 10.1111/irv.12017 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 162PP UT WOS:000320277800001 PM 22984843 ER PT J AU Bali, NK Ashraf, M Ahmad, F Khan, UH Widdowson, MA Lal, RB Koul, PA AF Bali, Nargis K. Ashraf, M. Ahmad, Feroze Khan, Umar H. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Lal, Renu B. Koul, Parvaiz A. TI Knowledge, attitude, and practices about the seasonal influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Srinagar, India SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Healthcare workers; influenza; occupational hazard; vaccination ID NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; IMMUNIZATION AB Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) universally have a poor uptake of influenza vaccination. However, no data are available from India. Objective To explore knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with influenza vaccination in HCWs in a temperate climate area in northern India. Patients and Methods A self-administered questionnaire was offered to all HCWs in three major hospitals of Srinagar and information sought on motivations, perceptions, preferences and practices regarding influenza vaccination. Results Of the 1750 questionnaires received, 1421 (81%) were returned. Only 62 (4 center dot 4%) HCWs had ever received influenza vaccination even as 1348 (95%) believed that influenza poses adverse potential consequences for themselves or their contacts; 1144 (81%) were aware of a vaccine against influenza and 830 (58%) of its local availability. Reasons cited by 1359 participants for not being vaccinated included ignorance about vaccine availability (435; 32%), skepticism about efficacy (248; 18%), busy schedule (166; 12%), fear of side effects (70; 4%), and a perception of not being-at-risk (82; 6%). Sixty-one percent (865) believed that vaccine programs are motivated by profit. Eighty-eight percent opined for mandatory vaccination for HCWs caring for the high-risk patients, as a part of employee health program'. Most of the participants intended to get vaccinated in the current year even as 684 (48%) held that vaccines could cause unknown illness and 444 (31%) believed their adverse effects to be underreported. Conclusion Influenza vaccination coverage among HCWs is dismally low in Srinagar; poor knowledge of vaccine availability and misperceptions about vaccine effectiveness, fear of adverse effects and obliviousness to being-at-risk being important barriers. Multifaceted, adaptable measures need to be invoked urgently to increase the coverage. C1 [Bali, Nargis K.; Ashraf, M.; Ahmad, Feroze; Khan, Umar H.; Koul, Parvaiz A.] Sheri Kashmir Inst Med Sci, Srinagar, Kashmir, India. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Koul, PA (reprint author), Sheri Kashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar 190011, Jammu & Kashmir, India. EM parvaizk@gmail.com OI Koul, Parvaiz/0000-0002-1700-9285; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 540 EP 545 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00416.x PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 162PP UT WOS:000320277800007 PM 22862774 ER PT J AU Rowe, AK AF Rowe, Alexander K. TI The effect of performance indicator category on estimates of intervention effectiveness SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE child health; developing country; health services research; methods; quality improvement; systematic reviews ID CHILDHOOD ILLNESS GUIDELINES; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT; CARE; STRATEGY AB A challenge for systematic reviews on improving health worker performance is that included studies often use different performance indicators, and the validity of comparing interventions with different indicators is unclear. One potential solution is to adjust comparisons by indicator category, with categories based on steps of the case-management process that can be easily recognized (assessment of symptoms, treatment etc.) and that might require different levels of effort to bring about improvements. However, this approach would only be useful if intervention effect sizes varied by indicator category. To explore this approach, studies were analyzed that evaluated the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. Performance indicators were grouped into four categories: patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment and counseling. An effect size of IMCI was calculated for each indicator. Linear regression modeling was used to test for differences among the mean effect sizes of the indicator categories. Six studies were included, with data from 3136 ill child consultations. Mean effect sizes for 63 assessment indicators, 12 diagnosis indicators, 31 treatment indicators and 34 counseling indicators were 50.9 percentage-points (-points), 44.7, 36.5 and 46.6-points, respectively. After adjusting for baseline indicator value, compared with the assessment mean effect size, the diagnosis mean was 7.3-points lower (P 0.23), the treatment mean was 15.2-points lower (P 0.0004) and the counseling mean was 12.9-points lower (P 0.0027). Adjusting the results of systematic reviews for indicator category and baseline indicator value might be useful for improving the validity of intervention comparisons. C1 [Rowe, Alexander K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rowe, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A06,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM axr9@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1353-4505 J9 INT J QUAL HEALTH C JI Int. J. Qual. Health Care PD JUL PY 2013 VL 25 IS 3 BP 331 EP 339 DI 10.1093/intqhc/mzt030 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 160MN UT WOS:000320123800016 PM 23575873 ER PT J AU Zotti, ME Williams, AM Robertson, M Horney, J Hsia, J AF Zotti, Marianne E. Williams, Amy M. Robertson, McKaylee Horney, Jennifer Hsia, Jason TI Post-Disaster Reproductive Health Outcomes SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Disaster; Birth outcomes; Low birth weight; Preterm birth; Fertility ID WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; BIRTH OUTCOMES; HURRICANE-KATRINA; CENTER DISASTER; PREGNANCY; WOMEN; EXPOSURE; ATTACKS; WEIGHT; IMPACT AB We examined methodological issues in studies of disaster-related effects on reproductive health outcomes and fertility among women of reproductive age and infants in the United States (US). We conducted a systematic literature review of 1,635 articles and reports published in peer-reviewed journals or by the government from January 1981 through December 2010. We classified the studies using three exposure types: (1) physical exposure to toxicants; (2) psychological trauma; and (3) general exposure to disaster. Fifteen articles met our inclusion criteria concerning research focus and design. Overall studies pertained to eight different disasters, with most (n = 6) focused on the World Trade Center attack. Only one study examined pregnancy loss, i.e., occurrence of spontaneous abortions post-disaster. Most studies focused on associations between disaster and adverse birth outcomes, but two studies pertained only to post-disaster fertility while another two examined it in addition to adverse birth outcomes. In most studies disaster-affected populations were assumed to have experienced psychological trauma, but exposure to trauma was measured in only four studies. Furthermore, effects of both physical exposure to toxicants and psychological trauma on disaster-affected populations were examined in only one study. Effects on birth outcomes were not consistently demonstrated, and study methodologies varied widely. Even so, these studies suggest an association between disasters and reproductive health and highlight the need for further studies to clarify associations. We postulate that post-disaster surveillance among pregnant women could improve our understanding of effects of disaster on the reproductive health of US pregnant women. C1 [Zotti, Marianne E.; Williams, Amy M.; Robertson, McKaylee; Hsia, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Horney, Jennifer] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Publ Hlth Preparedness, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Zotti, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mbz1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 17 IS 5 BP 783 EP 796 DI 10.1007/s10995-012-1068-x PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 163FK UT WOS:000320321100003 PM 22752348 ER PT J AU Hearn, BA Renner, CC Ding, YS Vaughan-Watson, C Stanfill, SB Zhang, LQ Polzin, GM Ashley, DL Watson, CH AF Hearn, Bryan A. Renner, Caroline C. Ding, Yan S. Vaughan-Watson, Christina Stanfill, Stephen B. Zhang, Liqin Polzin, Gregory M. Ashley, David L. Watson, Clifford H. TI Chemical Analysis of Alaskan Iqmik Smokeless Tobacco SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MAINSTREAM CIGARETTE-SMOKE; MOIST SNUFF; NATIVES; NITROSAMINES; NICOTINE; FORM AB Iqmik, a form of smokeless tobacco (ST), is traditionally used by Cupik and Yupik Eskimo people of western Alaska. Iqmik is sometimes incorrectly considered to be a healthier alternative to smoking because its ingredients are perceived as natural. Our chemical characterization of iqmik shows that iqmik is not a safe alternative to smoking or other ST use. We measured nicotine and pH levels of tobacco and ash used to prepare iqmik. We also characterized levels of toxins which are known to be present in ST including tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using chromatographic separations coupled with isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Nicotine content in the iqmik tobacco was very high, ranging from 35 to 43mg/g, with a mean of 39mg/g. The pH of the iqmik tobaccoash mixture was 11, an extremely high level compared with most ST products. High levels of PAHs were seen in the fire-cured tobacco samples with a benzo[a]pyrene level of 87ng/g. Average TSNA levels in the tobacco were 34, 2,700, and 340ng/g for 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), respectively. Iqmik contains high levels of the more easily absorbed unionized nicotine as well as known carcinogenic TSNAs and PAHs. The perception that iqmik is less hazardous than other tobacco products due to the use of natural ingredients is not warranted. This chemical characterization of iqmik gives a better understanding of the risk of possible adverse health effects of its use. C1 [Hearn, Bryan A.; Ding, Yan S.; Vaughan-Watson, Christina; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Zhang, Liqin; Polzin, Gregory M.; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Renner, Caroline C.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Ashley, David L.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Hearn, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bhearn@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1283 EP 1288 DI 10.1093/ntr/nts270 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 165EG UT WOS:000320465300013 PM 23288872 ER PT J AU King, BA Babb, SD Tynan, MA Gerzoff, RB AF King, Brian A. Babb, Stephen D. Tynan, Michael A. Gerzoff, Robert B. TI National and State Estimates of Secondhand Smoke Infiltration Among U.S. Multiunit Housing Residents SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FREE POLICIES; APARTMENT BUILDINGS; EXPERIENCES; ATTITUDES AB Introduction: Multiunit housing (MUH) residents are susceptible to secondhand smoke (SHS), which can infiltrate smoke-free living units from nearby units and shared areas where smoking is permitted. This study assessed the prevalence and characteristics of MUH residency in the United States, and the extent of SHS infiltration in this environment at both the national and state levels. Methods: National and state estimates of MUH residency were obtained from the 2009 American Community Survey. Assessed MUH residency characteristics included sex, age, race/ethnicity, and poverty status. Estimates of smoke-free home rule prevalence were obtained from the 2006-2007 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The number of MUH residents who have experienced SHS infiltration was determined by multiplying the estimated number of MUH residents with smoke-free homes by the range of self-reported SHS infiltration (44%-46.2%) from peer-reviewed studies of MUH residents. Results: One-quarter of U. S. residents (25.8%, 79.2 million) live in MUH (state range: 10.1% in West Virginia to 51.7% in New York). Nationally, 47.6% of MUH residents are male, 53.3% are aged 25-64 years, 48.0% are non-Hispanic White, and 24.4% live below the poverty level. Among MUH residents with smoke-free home rules (62.7 million), an estimated 27.6-28.9 million have experienced SHS infiltration (state range: 26,000-27,000 in Wyoming to 4.6-4.9 million in California). Conclusions: A considerable number of Americans reside in MUH and many of these individuals experience SHS infiltration in their homes. Prohibiting smoking in MUH would help protect MUH residents from involuntary SHS exposure. C1 [King, Brian A.; Babb, Stephen D.; Tynan, Michael A.; Gerzoff, Robert B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [King, Brian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1316 EP 1321 DI 10.1093/ntr/nts254 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 165EG UT WOS:000320465300018 PM 23248030 ER PT J AU Tong, F Gross, AD Dolan, MC Coats, JR AF Tong, Fan Gross, Aaron D. Dolan, Marc C. Coats, Joel R. TI The phenolic monoterpenoid carvacrol inhibits the binding of nicotine to the housefly nicotinic acetylcholine receptor SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE monoterpenoid; carvacrol; nAChR; nicotine; neonicotinoid ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY; AMERICAN COCKROACH; ACARI IXODIDAE; GABA RECEPTOR; THYMOL; FLY; COMPONENTS AB Background The phenolic monoterpenoid carvacrol, which is found in many plant essential oils (thyme, oregano and Alaska yellow cedar), is highly active against pest arthropods, but its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Here, carvacrol is shown to bind in a membrane preparation containing insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). [14C]-Nicotine binding assays with Musca domestica (housefly) nAChRs were used in this study to demonstrate carvacrol's binding to nAChRs, thereby acting as a modulator of the receptors. Results Carvacrol showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of [14C]-nicotine binding in a membrane preparation of housefly heads containing nAChRs, with IC50 = 1.4 M, in a non-competitive pattern. Binding studies with neonicotinoid insecticides revealed that imidacloprid and thiamethoxam did not inhibit the binding of [14C]-nicotine, while dinotefuran, from the guanidine subclass of neonicotinoids, inhibited nicotine binding like carvacrol. Conclusions Carvacrol binds to housefly nAChRs at a binding site distinct from nicotine and acetylcholine, and the nAChRs are a possible target of carvacrol for its insecticidal activity.(c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Tong, Fan; Gross, Aaron D.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Toxicol Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tong, Fan] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Neurotoxicol Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dolan, Marc C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Coats, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Toxicol Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcoats@iastate.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [00HCVHCC-2008-59267]; Iowa Agriculture Experiment Station [5075] FX This study was supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Contract No. 00HCVHCC-2008-59267, and the Iowa Agriculture Experiment Station, Project No. 5075. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 69 IS 7 BP 775 EP 780 DI 10.1002/ps.3443 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 163LH UT WOS:000320337200001 PM 23255497 ER PT J AU Sultana, R Mondal, UK Rimi, NA Unicomb, L Winch, PJ Nahar, N Luby, SP AF Sultana, Rebeca Mondal, Utpal K. Rimi, Nadia Ali Unicomb, Leanne Winch, Peter J. Nahar, Nazmun Luby, Stephen P. TI An improved tool for household faeces management in rural Bangladeshi communities SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE child sanitation; faeces management; hardware; diarrhoeal disease; qualitative research; Bangladesh ID DOMESTIC HYGIENE; DEFECATION PRACTICES; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; BURKINA-FASO; SHANTY-TOWN; BEHAVIOR; DISPOSAL; SANITATION; RISK AB Objective To explore child defecation and faeces management practices in rural Bangladesh with the aim to redesign and pilot a tool to facilitate removal and disposal of faeces. Methods We conducted six group discussions, six short interviews and three observations of practices and designed the new tool. We piloted the new tool and elicited feedback through two in-depth interviews and two observations. Results Until three years of age, a child commonly defecates in the courtyard and occasionally inside the house. A heavy digging hoe was commonly used to remove child faeces. Mothers preferred a redesigned mini-hoe' and found it easier to use for removal and disposal of liquid faeces. Conclusions Promoting modified local tools may contribute to improving environmental sanitation and health. C1 [Sultana, Rebeca; Mondal, Utpal K.; Rimi, Nadia Ali; Unicomb, Leanne; Nahar, Nazmun; Luby, Stephen P.] ICDDR B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Winch, Peter J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sultana, R (reprint author), ICDDR B, Ctr Communicable Dis, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM rebeca@icddrb.org OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX We are indebted to our study participants for their time and invaluable information. We thank Md. Shamim Azad for his contribution in data collection. We are thankful to Syed Latif Hossain, CEO of Aura Communications for his contribution in the photography. We also thank Dorothy Southern for her guidance in writing the manuscript and Andrea Mikolon for reviewing the manuscript. This study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to its research efforts. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JUL PY 2013 VL 18 IS 7 BP 854 EP 860 DI 10.1111/tmi.12103 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 163KR UT WOS:000320335400009 PM 23557125 ER PT J AU Hasin, DS Aharonovich, E O'Leary, A Greenstein, E Pavlicova, M Arunajadai, S Waxman, R Wainberg, M Helzer, J Johnston, B AF Hasin, Deborah S. Aharonovich, Efrat O'Leary, Ann Greenstein, Eliana Pavlicova, Martina Arunajadai, Srikesh Waxman, Rachel Wainberg, Milton Helzer, John Johnston, Barbara TI Reducing heavy drinking in HIV primary care: a randomized trial of brief intervention, with and without technological enhancement SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article DE Alcohol dependence; brief intervention; drinking; HIV; interactive voice response; IVR; motivational interviewing; primary care; randomized trial; technology ID INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE; ALCOHOL-USE DISORDER; INTERVIEW SCHEDULE AUDADIS; DRUG MODULES; REDUCTION SUPPORT; INFECTED PATIENTS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; MOBILE PHONES; MISSING DATA; RELIABILITY AB Aims In HIV-infected individuals, heavy drinking compromises survival. In HIV primary care, the efficacy of brief motivational interviewing (MI) to reduce drinking is unknown, alcohol-dependent patients may need greater intervention and resources are limited. Using interactive voice response (IVR) technology, HealthCall was designed to enhance MI via daily patient self-monitoring calls to an automated telephone system with personalized feedback. We tested the efficacy of MI-only and MI+HealthCall for drinking reduction among HIV primary care patients. Design Parallel random assignment to control (n=88), MI-only (n=82) or MI+HealthCall (n=88). Counselors provided advice/education (control) or MI (MI-only or MI+HealthCall) at baseline. At 30 and 60 days (end-of-treatment), counselors briefly discussed drinking with patients, using HealthCall graphs with MI+HealthCall patients. Setting Large urban HIV primary care clinic. Participants Patients consuming 4 drinks at least once in prior 30 days. Measurements Using time-line follow-back, primary outcome was number of drinks per drinking day, last 30 days. Findings End-of-treatment number of drinks per drinking day (NumDD) means were 4.75, 3.94 and 3.58 in control, MI-only and MI+HealthCall, respectively (overall model 2, d.f.=9.11,2, P=0.01). For contrasts of NumDD, P=0.01 for MI+HealthCall versus control; P=0.07 for MI-only versus control; and P=0.24 for MI+HealthCall versus MI-only. Secondary analysis indicated no intervention effects on NumDD among non-alcohol-dependent patients. However, for contrasts of NumDD among alcohol-dependent patients, P<0.01 for MI+HealthCall versus control; P=0.09 for MI-only versus control; and P=0.03 for MI+HealthCall versus MI-only. By 12-month follow-up, although NumDD remained lower among alcohol-dependent patients in MI+HealthCall than others, effects were no longer significant. Conclusions For alcohol-dependent HIV patients, enhancing MI with HealthCall may offer additional benefit, without extensive additional staff involvement. C1 [Hasin, Deborah S.; Aharonovich, Efrat; Wainberg, Milton] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. [Hasin, Deborah S.; Aharonovich, Efrat; Greenstein, Eliana; Waxman, Rachel; Wainberg, Milton] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pavlicova, Martina; Arunajadai, Srikesh] Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA. [Helzer, John] Univ Vermont, Dept Psychiat, Burlington, VT USA. [Johnston, Barbara] Mt Sinai Hosp, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Johnston, Barbara] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Hasin, DS (reprint author), 1051 Riverside Dr 123, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM dsh2@columbia.edu RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU New York State Psychiatric Institute; [R01AA014323]; [K05AA014223] FX D.S.H. conceived the study and obtained the funding. D. S. H., E. A. and A.O.L. designed the study, with assistance from M. W. E. A. acquired the data. M. P., S. A. and E. G. analyzed the data, which were interpreted by D. S. H., E. A., A.O.L., M. W., M. P. and S. A. D. H., E. A., R. W. and E. G. drafted the manuscript. All authors approved the final version. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This study was supported by R01AA014323, K05AA014223 and the New York State Psychiatric Institute. NR 42 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0965-2140 EI 1360-0443 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD JUL PY 2013 VL 108 IS 7 BP 1230 EP 1240 DI 10.1111/add.12127 PG 11 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 160LG UT WOS:000320120400013 PM 23432593 ER PT J AU Favoretto, SR de Mattos, CC de Mattos, CA Campos, ACA Sacramento, DRV Durigon, EL AF Favoretto, S. R. de Mattos, C. C. de Mattos, C. A. Campos, A. C. A. Sacramento, D. R. V. Durigon, E. L. TI The emergence of wildlife species as a source of human rabies infection in Brazil SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Host (in infections); molecular biology; rabies (human); virus infection; zoonoses ID GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; SAO-PAULO; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; HEMATOPHAGOUS BATS; LATIN-AMERICA; VAMPIRE BATS; VIRUS; STATE; AFRICA; CEARA AB Forty-five human rabies virus isolates from a wide geographical area of Brazil were characterized using an anti-nucleoprotein monoclonal antibody panel and by partial nucleotide sequencing analysis of the nucleoprotein gene. Three major antigenic groups related to the antigenic variants maintained in domestic dogs, vampire bats and marmosets were identified. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the viruses from dog-related cases segregated into four sister clades: three associated with dog-endemic cycles in Brazil and one with the crab-eating fox cycle in the northeastern region of the country. The vampire bat-and marmoset-related viruses formed two independent groups. The topology of these clades was conserved when these samples were compared to virus representatives of the currently reported rabies endemic cycles in the Americas. These results indicated the presence of multiple endemic transmission cycles maintained in four different reservoirs, domestic dogs, crab-eating foxes, vampire bats and marmosets, which are being transmitted directly to humans and should be considered as a high-risk for rabies infection. C1 [Favoretto, S. R.] Inst Pasteur Sao Paulo, BR-01311000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Favoretto, S. R.; Campos, A. C. A.; Sacramento, D. R. V.; Durigon, E. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Mattos, C. C.; de Mattos, C. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sacramento, D. R. V.] Genom Mol Engn Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Favoretto, SR (reprint author), Inst Pasteur Sao Paulo, Av Paulista 393 Paraiso, BR-01311000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM srfavoretto@usp.br OI Durigon, Edison/0000-0003-4898-6553 NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 48 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 141 IS 7 SI SI BP 1552 EP 1561 DI 10.1017/S0950268813000198 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 159GX UT WOS:000320035000023 PM 23433340 ER PT J AU Gaur, AH Miller, MR Gao, CL Rosenberg, C Morrell, GC Coffin, SE Huskins, WC AF Gaur, Aditya H. Miller, Marlene R. Gao, Cuilan Rosenberg, Carol Morrell, Gloria C. Coffin, Susan E. Huskins, W. Charles TI Evaluating Application of the National Healthcare Safety Network Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection Surveillance Definition: A Survey of Pediatric Intensive Care and Hematology/Oncology Units SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; PREVENTION; QUALITY; RATES AB OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the application of the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) definition in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and pediatric hematology/oncology units (PHOUs) participating in a multicenter quality improvement collaborative to reduce CLABSIs; to identify sources of variability in the application of the definition. DESIGN. Online survey using 18 standardized case scenarios. Each described a positive blood culture in a patient and required a yes-or-no answer to the question "Is this a CLABSI?" NHSN staff responses were the reference standard. SETTING. Sixty-five US PICUs and PHOUs. PARTICIPANTS. Staff who routinely adjudicate CLABSIs using NHSN definitions. RESULTS. Sixty responses were received from 58 (89%) of 65 institutions; 78% of respondents were infection preventionists, infection control officers, or infectious disease physicians. Responses matched those of NHSN staff for 78% of questions. The mean (SE) percentage of concurring answers did not differ for scenarios evaluating application of 1 of the 3 criteria ("known pathogen," 78% [1.7%]; "skin contaminant, >1 year of age," 76% [SE, 2.5%]; "skin contaminant, <= 1 year of age," 81% [3.8%]; P = .3). The mean percentage of concurring answers was lower for scenarios requiring respondents to determine whether a CLABSI was present or incubating on admission (64% [4.6%]; P = .017) or to distinguish between primary and secondary bacteremia (65% [2.5%]; P = .021). CONCLUSIONS. The accuracy of application of the CLABSI definition was suboptimal. Efforts to reduce variability in identifying CLABSIs that are present or incubating on admission and in distinguishing primary from secondary bloodstream infection are needed. C1 [Gaur, Aditya H.; Gao, Cuilan] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Miller, Marlene R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Miller, Marlene R.; Rosenberg, Carol] Childrens Hosp Assoc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Morrell, Gloria C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coffin, Susan E.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Huskins, W. Charles] Mayo Clin, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Rochester, MN USA. RP Gaur, AH (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, MS 600,262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM aditya.gaur@stjude.org OI Huskins, W. Charles/0000-0002-9989-175X FU Children's Hospital Association Hematology-Oncology Quality Transformation Collaborative; Children's Hospital Association for serving as a faculty member of its Quality Transformation Network PICU CLABSI Collaborative; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [R18HS019590]; American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC) FX This work was supported by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R18HS019590) and the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC). The funding sources had no role or input into the design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.; A.H.G., M.R.M., and C.R. report that they receive funding support for their contribution to the Children's Hospital Association Hematology-Oncology Quality Transformation Collaborative. W.C.H. reports that he receives consulting fees from the Children's Hospital Association for serving as a faculty member of its Quality Transformation Network PICU CLABSI Collaborative. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. All authors submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest, and the conflicts that the editors consider relevant to this article are disclosed here. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 34 IS 7 BP 663 EP 670 DI 10.1086/671005 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 158LX UT WOS:000319974000002 PM 23739069 ER PT J AU Larson, E Behta, M Cohen, B Jia, HM Furuya, EY Ross, B Chaudhry, R Vawdrey, DK Ellingson, K AF Larson, Elaine Behta, Maryam Cohen, Bevin Jia, Haomiao Furuya, E. Yoko Ross, Barbara Chaudhry, Rohit Vawdrey, David K. Ellingson, Katherine TI Impact of Electronic Surveillance on Isolation Practices SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS; ALERTS; SYSTEM AB OBJECTIVE. To assess the impact of an electronic surveillance system on isolation practices and rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). DESIGN. A pre-post test intervention. SETTING. Inpatient units (except psychiatry and labor and delivery) in 4 New York City hospitals. PATIENTS. All patients for whom isolation precautions were indicated, May 2009-December 2011. METHODS. Trained observers assessed isolation sign postings, availability of isolation carts, and staff use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Infection rates were obtained from the infection control department. Regression analyses were used to examine the association between the surveillance system, infection prevention practices, and MRSA infection rates. RESULTS. A total of 54,159 isolation days and 7,628 staff opportunities for donning PPE were observed over a 31-month period. Odds of having an appropriate sign posted were significantly higher after intervention than before intervention (odds ratio [OR], 1.10 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.01-1.20]). Relative to baseline, postintervention sign posting improved significantly for airborne and droplet precautions but not for contact precautions. Sign posting improved for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (OR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.23-1.86];), Clostridium P = .0001 difficile (OR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.27-2.02]; P = .00005), and Acinetobacter baumannii (OR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.21-1.64]; P = .00001) precautions but not for MRSA precautions (OR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.89-1.39]; P = .36). Staff and visitor adherence to PPE remained low throughout the study but improved from 29.1% to 37.0% after the intervention (OR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.01-1.29]). MRSA infection rates were not significantly different after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS. An electronic surveillance system resulted in small but statistically significant improvements in isolation practices but no reductions in infection rates over the short term. Such innovations likely require considerable uptake time. C1 [Larson, Elaine; Cohen, Bevin; Jia, Haomiao] Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Behta, Maryam] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Furuya, E. Yoko] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. [Ross, Barbara] NewYork Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY USA. [Chaudhry, Rohit; Vawdrey, David K.] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, New York, NY USA. [Ellingson, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Larson, E (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, 630 West 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM ell23@columbia.edu FU Association for Prevention Training and Research; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 U50 CD3000-860-21] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement with the Association for Prevention Training and Research and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5 U50 CD3000-860-21). NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 34 IS 7 BP 694 EP 699 DI 10.1086/671001 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 158LX UT WOS:000319974000006 PM 23739073 ER PT J AU Sena, AC Moorman, A Njord, L Williams, RE Colborn, J Khudyakov, Y Drobenuic, J Xia, GL Wood, H Moore, Z AF Sena, Arlene C. Moorman, Anne Njord, Levi Williams, Roxanne E. Colborn, James Khudyakov, Yury Drobenuic, Jan Xia, Guo-Liang Wood, Hattie Moore, Zack TI Acute Hepatitis B Outbreaks in 2 Skilled Nursing Facilities and Possible Sources of Transmission: North Carolina, 2009-2010 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES; TERM-CARE FACILITIES; VIRUS-INFECTION; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; RESIDENTS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB OBJECTIVE. Acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections have been reported in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), primarily associated with infection control breaks during assisted blood glucose monitoring. We investigated HBV outbreaks that occurred in separate skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) to determine factors associated with transmission. DESIGN. Outbreak investigation with case-control studies. SETTING. Two SNFs (facilities A and B) in Durham, North Carolina, during 2009-2010. PATIENTS. Residents with acute HBV infection and controls randomly selected from HBV-susceptible residents during the outbreak period. METHODS. After initial cases were identified, screening was offered to all residents, with repeat testing 3 months later for HBV-susceptible residents. Molecular testing was performed to assess viral relatedness. Infection control practices were observed. Case-control studies were conducted to evaluate associations between exposures and acute HBV infection in each facility. RESULTS. Six acute HBV cases were identified in each SNF. Viral phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of HBV relatedness within, but not between, facilities. No evaluated exposures were significantly associated with acute HBV infection in facility A; those associated with infection in facility B (all odds ratios >20) included injections, hospital or emergency room visits, and daily blood glucose monitoring. Observations revealed absence of trained infection control staff at facility A and suboptimal hand hygiene practices during blood glucose monitoring and insulin injections at facility B. CONCLUSIONS. These outbreaks underscore the vulnerability of LTCF residents to acute HBV infection, the importance of surveillance and prompt investigation of incident cases, and the need for improved infection control education to prevent transmission. C1 [Sena, Arlene C.; Wood, Hattie] Durham Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Durham, NC USA. [Sena, Arlene C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Moorman, Anne; Williams, Roxanne E.; Colborn, James; Khudyakov, Yury; Drobenuic, Jan; Xia, Guo-Liang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njord, Levi; Moore, Zack] North Carolina Dept Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Njord, Levi; Moore, Zack] Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Sena, AC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, CB 7030,130Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM idrod@med.unc.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 34 IS 7 BP 709 EP 716 DI 10.1086/670996 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 158LX UT WOS:000319974000008 PM 23739075 ER PT J AU Azofeifa, A Yeung, LF Peacock, G Moore, CA Rodgers, L DiOrio, M Page, SL Fowler, B Stone, ND Finelli, L Jhung, MA AF Azofeifa, Alejandro Yeung, Lorraine F. Peacock, Georgina Moore, Cynthia A. Rodgers, Loren DiOrio, Mary Page, Shannon L. Fowler, Brian Stone, Nimalie D. Finelli, Lyn Jhung, Michael A. TI Infection Control Assessment after an Influenza Outbreak in a Residential Care Facility for Children and Young Adults with Neurologic and Neurodevelopmental Conditions SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2009 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; A H1N1; DEATHS; TRANSMISSION; KNOWLEDGE; SETTINGS AB OBJECTIVE. To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of infection control among staff in a residential care facility for children and young adults with neurologic and neurodevelopmental conditions. DESIGN. Self-administered survey. SETTING. Residential care facility (facility A). PARTICIPANTS. Facility A staff (N = 200). METHODS. We distributed a survey to staff at facility A. We classified staff with direct care responsibilities as clinical (ie, physicians, nurses, and therapists) or nonclinical (ie, habilitation assistants, volunteers, and teachers) and used x 2 tests to measure differences between staff agreement to questions. RESULTS. Of 248 surveys distributed, 200 (81%) were completed; median respondent age was 36 years; 85% were female; and 151 were direct care staff (50 clinical, 101 nonclinical). Among direct care staff respondents, 86% agreed they could identify residents with respiratory symptoms, 70% stayed home from work when ill with respiratory infection, 64% agreed that facility administration encouraged them to stay home when ill with respiratory infection, and 72% reported that ill residents with respiratory infections were separated from well residents. Clinical and nonclinical staff differed in agreement about using waterless hand gel as a substitute for handwashing (96% vs 78%; P = .005) and whether handwashing was done after touching residents (92% vs 75%; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS. Respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding infection control could be improved, especially among nonclinical staff. Facilities caring for children and young adults with neurologic and neurodevelopmental conditions should encourage adherence to infection control best practices among all staff having direct contact with residents. C1 [Azofeifa, Alejandro; Rodgers, Loren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Azofeifa, Alejandro; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Peacock, Georgina; Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Azofeifa, Alejandro; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Peacock, Georgina; Moore, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rodgers, Loren; Finelli, Lyn; Jhung, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rodgers, Loren; DiOrio, Mary; Page, Shannon L.; Fowler, Brian] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Stone, Nimalie D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Azofeifa, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E 86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aazofeifa@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 34 IS 7 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1086/670990 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 158LX UT WOS:000319974000009 PM 23739076 ER PT J AU Sharpe, PA Brandt, HM McCree, DH Owl-Myers, E Taylor, B Mullins, G AF Sharpe, Patricia A. Brandt, Heather M. McCree, Donna H. Owl-Myers, Elizabeth Taylor, Betty Mullins, Glenda TI Development of Culturally Tailored Educational Brochures on HPV and Pap Tests for American Indian Women SO JOURNAL OF TRANSCULTURAL NURSING LA English DT Article DE transcultural health; women's health; American Indian ID CERVICAL-CANCER; RECOMMENDATIONS; KNOWLEDGE; BELIEFS AB Purpose: Participatory formative research guided the creation of a culturally tailored educational brochure about human papillomavirus (HPV) at an American Indian women's clinic. Method: A review of existing educational materials and in-depth interviews were conducted. Nine steps for creating health communications messages that were patterned after National Cancer Institute guidelines guided the brochure development process. Results: Of 95 women tested for HPV, 41% were positive, 32 (34%) agreed to the in-depth interview, and 9 agreed to the pretesting interview. Mean age was 41 years. Interviews revealed key themes concerning emotional reactions to abnormal Pap test results and HPV; need for basic information about HPV, Pap tests, and results; concerns about HPV stigma, sexual transmission, and communication with sexual partner; and the preferred source and format for HPV educational materials. A literature review revealed 12 areas of basic HPV content. Conclusions: A participatory process successfully engaged nursing staff and patients in creating culturally appropriate brochures for clinic use. Implications for Practice: This article provides specific steps for creating culturally tailored patient education materials. C1 [Sharpe, Patricia A.; Brandt, Heather M.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [McCree, Donna H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Owl-Myers, Elizabeth; Taylor, Betty; Mullins, Glenda] Eastern Band Cherokee Indians, Cherokee Womens Wellness Ctr, Cherokee, NC USA. RP Sharpe, PA (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Prevent Res Ctr, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM sharpep@mailbox.sc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U36/CCU300430-22]; Association of Schools of Public Health from the CDC FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by Cooperative Agreement number U36/CCU300430-22 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Schools of Public Health from the CDC to the University of South Carolina Prevention Research Center. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1043-6596 J9 J TRANSCULT NURS JI J. Transcult. Nurs. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 24 IS 3 BP 282 EP 290 DI 10.1177/1043659613481676 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 163WG UT WOS:000320367700007 PM 23632451 ER PT J AU Spradling, PR Simons, B Narayanan, M Xing, J Homan, C Bulkow, L Cagle, H Schraer, CD McMahon, BJ AF Spradling, P. R. Simons, B. Narayanan, M. Xing, J. Homan, C. Bulkow, L. Cagle, H. Schraer, C. D. McMahon, B. J. TI Incidence of diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort of persons with chronic hepatitis B virus infection SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Article DE diabetes; hepatitis B; incidence; liver disease ID ASSOCIATION AB To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on the development of diabetes mellitus (DM), we compared DM incidence and characteristics of Alaska Native persons with and without HBV infection. From 1990 to 2010, there were 52 incident DM cases among 1309 persons with infection vs 4557 DM cases among 85698 persons without infection (log-rank test, P=0.20). Compared to infected persons without DM, those with DM were significantly older (57.0 vs 47.4years, P<0.001) and had higher body mass index (34.5 vs 28.4kg/m2, P<0.001). Genotype, immune active disease and the presence of cirrhosis were not associated with DM. In this population-based cohort with over 20years of follow-up, there was no effect of HBV infection on DM development. C1 [Spradling, P. R.; Xing, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simons, B.; Homan, C.; Cagle, H.; McMahon, B. J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Narayanan, M.; Schraer, C. D.] Alaska Native Diabet Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bulkow, L.; McMahon, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Spradling, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Mailstop G37,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pspradling@cdc.gov FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1352-0504 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD JUL PY 2013 VL 20 IS 7 BP 510 EP 513 DI 10.1111/jvh.12071 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 157GL UT WOS:000319884000009 PM 23730845 ER PT J AU Silver, SR Bertke, SJ Hein, MJ Daniels, RD Fleming, DA Anderson, JL Pinney, SM Hornung, RW Tseng, CY AF Silver, Sharon R. Bertke, Stephen J. Hein, Misty Jena Daniels, Robert D. Fleming, Donald A. Anderson, Jeri L. Pinney, Susan M. Hornung, Richard W. Tseng, Chih-Yu TI Mortality and ionising radiation exposures among workers employed at the Fernald Feed Materials Production Center (1951-1985) SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOGENIC FIBROSING ALVEOLITIS; URANIUM PROCESSING WORKERS; TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; US NUCLEAR WORKERS; CANCER-MORTALITY; COHORT; RISK; SMOKING; ADULTHOOD; LEUKEMIA AB Objectives To examine mortality patterns and dose-response relations between ionising radiation and mortality outcomes of a priori interest in 6409 uranium workers employed for at least 30 days (1951-1985), and followed through 2004. Methods Cohort mortality was evaluated through standardised mortality ratios (SMR). Linear excess relative risk (ERR) regression models examined associations between cause-specific mortality and exposures to internal ionising radiation from uranium deposition, external gamma and x-ray radiation, and radon decay products, while adjusting for non-radiologic covariates. Results Person-years at risk totalled 236 568 (mean follow-up 37 years), and 43% of the cohort had died. All-cause mortality was below expectation only in salaried workers. Cancer mortality was significantly elevated in hourly males, primarily from excess lung cancer (SMR=1.25, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.42). Cancer mortality in salaried males was near expectation, but lymphohaematopoietic malignancies were significantly elevated (SMR=1.52, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.12). A positive dose-response relation was observed for intestinal cancer, with a significant elevation in the highest internal organ dose category and a significant doseresponse with organ dose from internal uranium deposition (ERR=1.5 per 100 mu Gy, 95% CI 0.12 to 4.1). Conclusions A healthy worker effect was observed only in salaried workers. Hourly workers had excess cancer mortality compared with the US population, although there was little evidence of a dose-response trend for any cancer evaluated except intestinal cancer. The association between non-malignant respiratory disease and radiation dose observed in previous studies was not apparent, possibly due to improved exposure assessment, different outcome groupings, and extended follow-up. C1 [Silver, Sharon R.; Bertke, Stephen J.; Hein, Misty Jena; Daniels, Robert D.; Fleming, Donald A.; Anderson, Jeri L.; Tseng, Chih-Yu] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Hornung, Richard W.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Silver, SR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, IWSB, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zre4@cdc.gov OI Silver, Sharon/0000-0002-7679-5028 FU Internal Dose Evaluation Program (InDEP) was developed; NIOSH; SENES Oak Ridge, Inc; Center for Risk Analysis; Oak Ridge, TN; US Department of Energy (DOE); US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); DOE and their employees and contractors FX The Internal Dose Evaluation Program (InDEP) was developed under a contract with NIOSH by SENES Oak Ridge, Inc, Center for Risk Analysis, Oak Ridge, TN.; Funding for this study was provided through an agreement between the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The study was made possible by the cooperation and support of the DOE and their employees and contractors. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 70 IS 7 BP 453 EP 463 DI 10.1136/oemed-2012-100768 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 160HJ UT WOS:000320109200004 PM 23322915 ER PT J AU Al-Samarrai, T Wu, W Begier, E Lurio, J Tokarz, R Plagianos, M Calman, N Mostashari, F Briese, T Lipkin, WI Greene, C AF Al-Samarrai, Teeb Wu, Winfred Begier, Elizabeth Lurio, Joseph Tokarz, Rafal Plagianos, Marlena Calman, Neil Mostashari, Farzad Briese, Thomas Lipkin, W. Ian Greene, Carolyn TI Evaluation of a Pilot Respiratory Virus Surveillance System Linking Electronic Health Record and Diagnostic Data SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE electronic health records; influenza; polymerase chain reaction; population surveillance; respiratory viruses; clinical decision support system alerts; sentinel surveillance ID INFLUENZA-LIKE ILLNESS; A H1N1 VIRUS; VIROLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE; SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; TESTS AB Context: During the onset of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1), the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene implemented a pilot respiratory virus surveillance system. Objectives: We evaluated the performance of this pilot system, which linked electronic health record (EHR) clinical, epidemiologic, and diagnostic data to monitor influenza-like illness (ILI) in the community. Design: Surveillance was conducted at 9 community health centers with EHRs. Clinical decision support system alerts encouraged diagnostic testing of patients. Rapid influenza diagnostic testing (RIDT) and multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay (MassTag PCR) were performed sequentially. Setting: Nine Institute for Family Health (IFH) clinics in Manhattan and the Bronx during May 26 to June 30, 2009, the pH1N1 outbreak peak. Participants: Adult and pediatric patients presenting to IFH clinics during May 26 to June 30, 2009. Main Outcome Measures: By using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, we evaluated the system's completeness, sensitivity, timeliness, and epidemiologic usefulness. Results: Of 537 ILI visits (5.7% of all visits), 17% underwent diagnostic testing. Of the 132 specimens with both a RIDT and MassTag PCR result, 90 (68%) had a MassTag PCR-identified respiratory virus, most commonly pH1N1 (n = 69; 77%). Of the 81 specimens that met the ILI case definition, 58 (72%) were positive for a respiratory virus tested for by MassTag PCR; 48 (59%) were positive for pH1N1. Ninety-four percent of ILI patients positive for pH1N1 were 45 years or younger. Sensitivity and specificity of RIDT (29% and 94%) and ILI case definition (70% and 48%) for pH1N1 were calculated using MassTag PCR as the standard. Results of RIDT took a median of 6 days. Conclusions: Despite low RIDT sensitivity for pH1N1 and limited timeliness, integration of EHR and diagnostic data has potential to provide valuable epidemiologic information, guide public health response, and represents a new model for community surveillance for influenza and respiratory viruses. C1 [Al-Samarrai, Teeb; Begier, Elizabeth; Greene, Carolyn] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Wu, Winfred; Plagianos, Marlena] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Hlth Care Access & Improvement, New York, NY USA. [Al-Samarrai, Teeb] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lurio, Joseph; Calman, Neil] Inst Family Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Tokarz, Rafal; Briese, Thomas; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Mostashari, Farzad] US Dept HHS, Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, Washington, DC USA. RP Al-Samarrai, T (reprint author), TB Control Program, Santa Clara Cty Publ Hlth Dept, 976 Lenzen Ave, San Jose, CA 95126 USA. EM teeb.al-samarrai@phd.sccgov.org; thomas.briese@columbia.edu OI Lurio, Joseph/0000-0002-4992-7494 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 322 EP 329 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182602ef6 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 154FQ UT WOS:000319657800011 PM 23449125 ER PT J AU Guh, AY McDonald, LC Sinkowitz-Cochran, R AF Guh, Alice Y. McDonald, L. Clifford Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda TI Assessment of Public Health Perspectives on Responding to an Emerging Pathogen: Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE emerging infectious disease; infection control; public health practice ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; PREVENTION; INFECTION; HOSPITALS; OUTCOMES; SPREAD AB Context: Public health has an important and critical role in responding to emerging multidrug-resistant organisms, such as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a survey as a tool for state health departments to determine carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae prevalence within their region. Objective: This report summarizes an assessment of the health department experience with the survey, their perceived roles and responsibilities in responding to an emerging health care-associated pathogen, and potential barriers to public health engagement of acute care facilities in response activities. Design: Key informant interviews consisting of open-ended and 5-point Likert scale questions were conducted. Participants: Interviewees represented state health departments that administered the survey and select states that did not. Results: Of 11 states interviewed, 7 (64%) had administered the survey to acute care facilities. Despite similar competing priorities and concerns about administering the survey, different perspectives emerged among the 11 states; those that administered the survey regarded it as a learning opportunity, whereas other states emphasized concerns about survey logistics and other public health demands. All 11 states perceived the prevention of an emerging pathogen to be a public health priority, but the degree of their action depended on availability of resources and existing relationships with infection preventionists. Health departments had less interaction with other hospital personnel (eg, facility leadership) and limited knowledge of the roles and associated responsibilities of other health care partners (eg, Quality Improvement Organizations). Conclusions: Although considered a public health priority, response efforts to emerging pathogens were reported to vary among state health departments. A better understanding is needed of the factors that motivate and facilitate state health departments to engage in a public health activity despite the challenges of competing priorities and limited resources. Efforts should also focus on improving the relationship between health departments and hospital leadership and other health care partners. C1 [Guh, Alice Y.; McDonald, L. Clifford; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Guh, AY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggt4@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP E27 EP E32 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182703e1c PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 154FQ UT WOS:000319657800004 PM 23446876 ER PT J AU Greenhawt, M Weiss, C Conte, ML Doucet, M Engler, A Camargo, CA AF Greenhawt, Matthew Weiss, Christopher Conte, Marisa L. Doucet, Marlie Engler, Amy Camargo, Carlos A., Jr. TI Racial and Ethnic Disparity in Food Allergy in the United States: A Systematic Review SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE Food allergy; Food sensitization; 95% Predictive Decision Points; Serum IgE; Race; Ethnicity; Children; Prevalence; Anaphylaxis; Disparity; Epinephrine; Black; African American AB BACKGROUND: The prevalence of food allergy is rising among US children. Little is known about racial/ethnic disparities in food allergy. OBJECTIVE: We performed a systematic literature review to understand racial/ethnic disparities in food allergy in the United States. METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus for original data about racial/ethnic disparities in the diagnosis, prevalence, treatment, or clinical course of food allergy or sensitization, with a particular focus on black (African American) race. Articles were analyzed by study methodology, racial/ethnic composition, food allergy definition, outcomes, summary statistic used, and covariate adjustment. RESULTS: Twenty of 645 identified articles met inclusion criteria. The studies used multiple differing criteria to define food allergy, including self-report, sensitization assessed by serum food-specific IgE to selected foods without corroborating history, discharge codes, clinic chart review, and event-reporting databases. None used oral food challenge. In 12 studies, black persons (primarily children) had significantly increased adjusted odds of food sensitization or significantly higher proportion or odds of food allergy by self-report, discharge codes, or clinic-based chart review than white children. Major differences in study methodology and reporting precluded calculation of a pooled estimate of effect. CONCLUSION: Sparse and methodologically limited data exist about racial/ethnic disparity in food allergy in the United States. Available data lack a common definition for food allergy and use indirect measures of allergy, not food challenge. Although data suggest an increased risk of food sensitization, self-reported allergy, or clinic-based diagnosis of food allergy among black children, no definitive racial/ethnic disparity could be found among currently available studies. (C) 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology C1 [Greenhawt, Matthew] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Greenhawt, Matthew] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. [Weiss, Christopher] Global Food Protect Inst, Battle Creek, MI USA. [Conte, Marisa L.] Univ Michigan, Taubman Hlth Sci Lib, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Doucet, Marlie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Fellow, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Doucet, Marlie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Engler, Amy] Stanford Univ, Dept Human Biol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Camargo, Carlos A., Jr.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA USA. [Camargo, Carlos A., Jr.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, Boston, MA USA. RP Greenhawt, M (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr Lobby H-2100,Box 442, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA. EM mgreenha@med.umich.edu OI Greenhawt, Matthew/0000-0002-2365-9372; Conte, Marisa/0000-0001-7377-163X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [214-2010-M-37396]; Food Allergy Research and Education; Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research; NIH [UL1RR024986] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 214-2010-M-37396 with the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network (now the Food Allergy Research and Education) and the Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, NIH UL1RR024986 (M.L.C. and M.G.). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or Food Allergy Research and Education. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-2198 EI 2213-2201 J9 J ALLER CL IMM-PRACT JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.-Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 1 IS 4 BP 378 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.jaip.2013.04.009 PG 9 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA V38WW UT WOS:000209374500009 PM 24565543 ER PT J AU Aral, S AF Aral, S. TI THE DYNAMIC EVOLUTION OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AS IT IMPACTS STD SPREAD SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Aral, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA PL02.1 BP A2 EP A2 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0004 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400004 ER PT J AU Becasen, JS Ford, J Hogben, M AF Becasen, J. S. Ford, J. Hogben, M. TI SEXUAL HEALTH META-ANALYSIS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Becasen, J. S.; Ford, J.; Hogben, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.112 BP A322 EP A323 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1009 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600401 ER PT J AU Bernstein, KT Stephens, S Torrone, E Chow, J Philip, S AF Bernstein, K. T. Stephens, S. Torrone, E. Chow, J. Philip, S. TI CAN CHLAMYDIA PREVALENCE MONITORING DATA BE USED TO EVALUATE IMPACT OF SCREENING? THE US CDC INFERTILITY PREVENTION PROJECT EXPERIENCE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bernstein, K. T.; Stephens, S.; Philip, S.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Torrone, E.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chow, J.] UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.314 BP A247 EP A247 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0768 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600160 ER PT J AU Bernstein, KT Kohn, R Wolf, W Strona, F Fann, C Philip, S AF Bernstein, K. T. Kohn, R. Wolf, W. Strona, F. Fann, C. Philip, S. TI ASESSING THE ADED VALUE OF INTERNET PARTNER SERVICES FOR SYPHILIS AND HIV SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bernstein, K. T.; Kohn, R.; Fann, C.; Philip, S.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Wolf, W.; Strona, F.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O08.1 BP A40 EP A40 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0125 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400121 ER PT J AU Bradley, H Markowitz, LE Gibson, T McQuillan, GM AF Bradley, H. Markowitz, L. E. Gibson, T. McQuillan, G. M. TI SEROPREVALENCE OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPES 1 AND 2 UNITED STATES, 1999-2010 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bradley, H.; Markowitz, L. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gibson, T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, G. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O04.4 BP A33 EP A33 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0104 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400100 ER PT J AU Chen, C Chi, K Pillay, A AF Chen, C. Chi, K. Pillay, A. TI MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES FOR DIFFERENTIATION OF THE T. PALLIDUM SUBSPECIES AND SPECIMEN COLLECTION WITH FTA ELUTE CARDS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, C.; Chi, K.; Pillay, A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O18.1 BP A60 EP A60 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0185 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400181 ER PT J AU Chesson, H Owusu-Edusei, K Kirkcaldy, RD Gift, TL Weinstock, HS AF Chesson, H. Owusu-Edusei, K., Jr. Kirkcaldy, R. D. Gift, T. L. Weinstock, H. S. TI ESTIMATING THE POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE IN THE UNITED STATES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chesson, H.; Owusu-Edusei, K., Jr.; Kirkcaldy, R. D.; Gift, T. L.; Weinstock, H. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P5.096 BP A365 EP A365 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1140 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600532 ER PT J AU Cramer, R Haderxhanaj, LT Chesson, HW Leichliter, JS AF Cramer, R. Haderxhanaj, L. T. Chesson, H. W. Leichliter, J. S. TI STATE CHARACTERISTICS ASOCIATED WITH THE PRESENCE OF LAWS AUTHORIZING EXPEDITED PARTNER THERAPY IN THE UNITED STATES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cramer, R.; Haderxhanaj, L. T.; Chesson, H. W.; Leichliter, J. S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.119 BP A324 EP A325 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1016 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600408 ER PT J AU Cruz, AR Pillay, A Ramirez, LG Chi, H Valencia, C Alexander, N Radolf, J Salazar, JC AF Cruz, A. R. Pillay, A. Ramirez, L. G. Chi, H. Valencia, C. Alexander, N. Radolf, J. Salazar, J. C. TI MOLECULAR TYPING AND DETECTION OF MACROLIDE RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN T. PALLIDUM STRAINS FROM CALI, COLOMBIA SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cruz, A. R.; Ramirez, L. G.; Valencia, C.; Alexander, N.; Radolf, J.; Salazar, J. C.] CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. [Pillay, A.; Chi, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Radolf, J.; Salazar, J. C.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, J.; Salazar, J. C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Hartford, CT USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.273 BP A234 EP A234 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0729 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600121 ER PT J AU Douglas, JM AF Douglas, J. M. TI ADVANCING SEXUAL HEALTH IN THE US: FROM THEORY TO ACTION SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Douglas, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S03.5 BP A9 EP A9 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0024 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400020 ER PT J AU Fakile, YF Jost, H Kikkert, S Hoover, KW Schapiro, JM Novak-Weekley, SM Chow, JM Park, IU AF Fakile, Y. F. Jost, H. Kikkert, S. Hoover, K. W. Schapiro, J. M. Novak-Weekley, S. M. Chow, J. M. Park, I. U. TI HEAD-HEAD COMPARISON OF REACTIVITY AND SIGNAL STRENGTH VALUE FOR REACTIVITY AMONG SEVEN TREPONEMAL ASAYS: A PRELIMINARY REPORT SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fakile, Y. F.; Jost, H.; Kikkert, S.; Hoover, K. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schapiro, J. M.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Reg Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Novak-Weekley, S. M.] SCPMG Reg Reference Labs, North Hollywood, CA USA. [Chow, J. M.; Park, I. U.] CA Dept Publ Hlth, STD Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P5.091 BP A363 EP A363 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1135 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600527 ER PT J AU Friedman, A Habel, M Kachur, R Brookmeyer, K McFarlane, M Hogben, M Mishel, M Levine, S Vadnai, L Kantor, L AF Friedman, A. Habel, M. Kachur, R. Brookmeyer, K. McFarlane, M. Hogben, M. Mishel, M. Levine, S. Vadnai, L. Kantor, L. TI DO YOU GYT ? EVALUATION OF THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF THE UNITED STATES' NATIONAL GET YOURSELF TESTED CAMPAIGN SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Friedman, A.; Habel, M.; Kachur, R.; Brookmeyer, K.; McFarlane, M.; Hogben, M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mishel, M.; Levine, S.] Kaiser Family Fdn, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Vadnai, L.] MTV Networks, New York, NY USA. [Kantor, L.] Planned Parenthood Federat Amer, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P5.057 BP A352 EP A352 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1101 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600493 ER PT J AU Friedman, AL Dunne, E Onyango, K Habel, M Ford, J Kinsey, J Markowitz, L Phillips-Howard, P Laserson, K AF Friedman, A. L. Dunne, E. Onyango, K. Habel, M. Ford, J. Kinsey, J. Markowitz, L. Phillips-Howard, P. Laserson, K. TI CHARTING THE PATH FOR HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) VACCINE INTRODUCTION IN KENYA: ASSESSING HPV VACCINE ACCEPTABILITY AMONG CAREGIVERS AND OPINION LEADERS IN NYANZA PROVINCE, KENYA SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Friedman, A. L.; Dunne, E.; Habel, M.; Ford, J.; Kinsey, J.; Markowitz, L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Onyango, K.; Laserson, K.] KEMRI CDC, Kisumu, Kenya. [Phillips-Howard, P.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P5.106 BP A368 EP A368 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1150 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600542 ER PT J AU Glasser, JW Chesson, HW Glick, SN Owusu-Edusei, K Gift, TL Aral, SO AF Glasser, J. W. Chesson, H. W. Glick, S. N. Owusu-Edusei, K. Gift, T. L. Aral, S. O. TI SEX IN SEATTLE: MECHANISTIC MODELING OF SEXUAL PARTNERSHIP DYNAMICS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Glasser, J. W.; Chesson, H. W.; Owusu-Edusei, K.; Gift, T. L.; Aral, S. O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glick, S. N.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O20.3 BP A65 EP A65 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0199 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400195 ER PT J AU Glasser, JW Owusu-Edusei, K Glick, SN Aral, SO Gift, TL AF Glasser, J. W. Owusu-Edusei, K. Glick, S. N. Aral, S. O. Gift, T. L. TI CONTROLLING CHLAMYDIA: POPULATION MODELING TO ASSESS PROMISING INTERVENTIONS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Glasser, J. W.; Owusu-Edusei, K.; Aral, S. O.; Gift, T. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glick, S. N.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O16.3 BP A57 EP A57 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0175 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400171 ER PT J AU Gorwitz, R Sereday, K Van der Pol, B Kwok, C Morrison, C Papp, J Xu, F Markowitz, L AF Gorwitz, R. Sereday, K. Van der Pol, B. Kwok, C. Morrison, C. Papp, J. Xu, F. Markowitz, L. TI DEVELOPMENT AND PERSISTENCE OF ANTI-CHLAMYDIAL ANTIBODIES IN WOMEN WITH INCIDENT CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS IN UGANDA AND ZIMBABWE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gorwitz, R.; Sereday, K.; Papp, J.; Xu, F.; Markowitz, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Van der Pol, B.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Bloomington, IN USA. [Kwok, C.; Morrison, C.] FHI 360, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P1.002 BP A74 EP A74 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0223 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400219 ER PT J AU Grad, Y Kirkcaldy, R Dordel, J Goldstein, E Trees, D Weinstock, H Parkhill, J Hanage, WP Bentley, S Lipsitch, M AF Grad, Y. Kirkcaldy, R. Dordel, J. Goldstein, E. Trees, D. Weinstock, H. Parkhill, J. Hanage, W. P. Bentley, S. Lipsitch, M. TI GONOCOCCAL GENOMICS SHOWS IMPACT OF RECOMBINATION ON OBSCURING PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL AND DISSEMINATING RESISTANCE LOCI SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grad, Y.; Goldstein, E.; Hanage, W. P.; Lipsitch, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grad, Y.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kirkcaldy, R.; Trees, D.; Weinstock, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dordel, J.; Parkhill, J.; Bentley, S.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Bentley, S.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. [Lipsitch, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA YI.4 BP A25 EP A26 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0081 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400077 ER PT J AU Grad, YH Kirkcaldy, R Trees, D Dordel, J Goldstein, E Weinstock, H Parkhill, J Hanage, WP Bentley, S Lipsitch, M AF Grad, Y. H. Kirkcaldy, R. Trees, D. Dordel, J. Goldstein, E. Weinstock, H. Parkhill, J. Hanage, W. P. Bentley, S. Lipsitch, M. TI GENOMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE WITH REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CEFIXIME IN THE UNITED STATES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grad, Y. H.; Goldstein, E.; Hanage, W. P.; Lipsitch, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grad, Y. H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Kirkcaldy, R.; Trees, D.; Weinstock, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dordel, J.; Parkhill, J.; Bentley, S.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Lipsitch, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O03.4 BP A31 EP A31 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0098 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400094 ER PT J AU Hadgu, A AF Hadgu, A. TI PREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS IN THE UNITED STATES AFTER ADJUSTING FOR SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE SCREENING TEST SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hadgu, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.323 BP A250 EP A250 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0776 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600168 ER PT J AU Hart-Cooper, G Owusu-Edusei, K Chesson, H Hoover, K AF Hart-Cooper, G. Owusu-Edusei, K. Chesson, H. Hoover, K. TI OPT-OUT RECTAL SCREENING FOR CHLAMYDIA AND GONORRHEA IN YOUNG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (YMSM) SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hart-Cooper, G.; Owusu-Edusei, K.; Chesson, H.; Hoover, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.435 BP A284 EP A284 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0885 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600277 ER PT J AU Hart-Cooper, GD Tao, G Stock, J Hoover, K AF Hart-Cooper, G. D. Tao, G. Stock, J. Hoover, K. TI POST-NEONATAL PEDIATRIC CIRCUMCISION IN THE UNITED STATES, 2010 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hart-Cooper, G. D.; Tao, G.; Hoover, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stock, J.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.382 BP A268 EP A269 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0835 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600227 ER PT J AU Hogben, MS Ford, JV AF Hogben, M. S. Ford, J. V. TI PREDICTING THE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL CONSEQUENCES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hogben, M. S.; Ford, J. V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S10.1 BP A17 EP A17 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0051 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400047 ER PT J AU Hogben, MS Ford, JV Becasen, J AF Hogben, M. S. Ford, J. V. Becasen, J. TI SEXUAL HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTIONS: RESULTS OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hogben, M. S.; Ford, J. V.; Becasen, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S03.2 BP A8 EP A8 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0021 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400017 ER PT J AU Hoover, KW Caffe, S Alonso, M Kamb, M AF Hoover, K. W. Caffe, S. Alonso, M. Kamb, M. TI PILOTING METHODS FOR VALIDATION OF ELIMINATION OF MTCT OF HIV AND SYPHILIS IN ST. LUCIA AND CHILE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hoover, K. W.; Kamb, M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Caffe, S.; Alonso, M.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S14.5 BP A22 EP A22 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0069 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400065 ER PT J AU Kamb, ML Fleming, EB Oremo, J Lupoli, K Sadumah, I Kola, S O'Connor, K Kelley, M Quick, R Tun, Y AF Kamb, M. L. Fleming, E. B. Oremo, J. Lupoli, K. Sadumah, I. Kola, S. O'Connor, K. Kelley, M. Quick, R. Tun, Y. TI INTEGRATION OF RAPID SYPHILIS TESTING INTO ROUTINE ANTENATAL SERVICES IN RURAL KENYA: SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kamb, M. L.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleming, E. B.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV, Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Oremo, J.; Sadumah, I.; Kola, S.] Safe Water & AIDS Project SWAP, Kisumu, Kenya. [O'Connor, K.; Quick, R.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kelley, M.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tun, Y.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.357 BP A260 EP A261 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0810 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600202 ER PT J AU Kidd, S Asbel, L Baldwin, T Gratzer, B Kerani, RP Pathela, P Pettus, K Soge, OO Stirland, A Weinstock, H AF Kidd, S. Asbel, L. Baldwin, T. Gratzer, B. Kerani, R. P. Pathela, P. Pettus, K. Soge, O. O. Stirland, A. Weinstock, H. TI COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM THE PHARYNX, RECTUM AND URETHRA IN MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kidd, S.; Pettus, K.; Weinstock, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asbel, L.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Baldwin, T.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Lab Serv Sect, Austin, TX USA. [Gratzer, B.] Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. [Kerani, R. P.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kerani, R. P.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pathela, P.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Soge, O. O.] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Neisseria Reference Lab, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Stirland, A.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.287 BP A238 EP A238 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0742 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600134 ER PT J AU Killam, WP Mun, P Mutuc, JD Chann, N Chan, S Shiraishi, RW Warren, D Vun, MC AF Killam, W. P. Mun, P. Mutuc, J. D. Chann, N. Chan, S. Shiraishi, R. W. Warren, D. Vun, M. C. TI PREVENTION SERVICES, HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOURS, AND STI PREVALENCE AMONG FEMALE ENTERTAINMENT WORKERS IN CAMBODIA SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Killam, W. P.; Shiraishi, R. W.; Warren, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mun, P.; Chann, N.; Vun, M. C.] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Dermatol & STDs, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Mutuc, J. D.] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth Ctr Dis Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Chan, S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cambodia Country Off, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.397 BP A273 EP A273 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0850 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600242 ER PT J AU Killam, WP Mun, P Mutuc, JD Chann, N Chan, S Shiraishi, RW Warren, D Vun, MC AF Killam, W. P. Mun, P. Mutuc, J. D. Chann, N. Chan, S. Shiraishi, R. W. Warren, D. Vun, M. C. TI RISKS FOR SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIS), HIV, AND PREGNANCY AMONG WOMEN WORKING IN ENTERTAINMENT ESTABLISHMENTS IN CAMBODIA SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Killam, W. P.; Shiraishi, R. W.; Warren, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mun, P.; Chann, N.; Vun, M. C.] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Dermatol & STDs, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Mutuc, J. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Chan, S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cambodia Country Off, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O11.5 BP A48 EP A48 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0147 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400143 ER PT J AU Kirkcaldy, RD AF Kirkcaldy, R. D. TI TREATMENT OF GONORRHOEA IN AN ERA OF EMERGING CEPHALOSPORIN RESISTANCE AND RESULTS OF A RANDOMISED TRIAL OF NEW POTENTIAL TREATMENT OPTIONS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kirkcaldy, R. D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S08.1 BP A14 EP A15 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0043 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400039 ER PT J AU Kroeger, K Willilams, S Alexander-Pender, C Ford, J Vasani, V AF Kroeger, K. Willilams, S. Alexander-Pender, C. Ford, J. Vasani, V. TI "JUST ONE THING ON THE PLATE"-VIEWS OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND PROVIDERS ON SEXUAL HEALTH SERVICES IN THE FORT MCPHERSON AREA OF SOUTHWEST ATLANTA: FINDINGS FROM A RAPID ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kroeger, K.; Willilams, S.; Alexander-Pender, C.; Ford, J.; Vasani, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.018 BP A294 EP A294 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0916 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600308 ER PT J AU Leichliter, JS Haderxhanaj, LT Chesson, HW Aral, SO AF Leichliter, J. S. Haderxhanaj, L. T. Chesson, H. W. Aral, S. O. TI SEX IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM: TEMPORAL TRENDS AMONG MEN AND WOMEN AGED 15-44 YEARS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Leichliter, J. S.; Haderxhanaj, L. T.; Chesson, H. W.; Aral, S. O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA S11.2 BP A18 EP A18 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0055 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400051 ER PT J AU Loosier, PS Coffield, A Ward, A Gilbert, S AF Loosier, P. S. Coffield, A. Ward, A. Gilbert, S. TI BUILDING A NATIONAL COALITION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH IN THE US: OVERVIEW OF A PARTICIPATORY APROACH WITH KEY STAKEHOLDERS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Loosier, P. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coffield, A.; Ward, A.; Gilbert, S.] Partnership Prevent, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P5.055 BP A351 EP A352 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1099 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600491 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Hariri, S Lin, C Dunne, E Steinau, M McQuillan, G Unger, ER AF Markowitz, L. E. Hariri, S. Lin, C. Dunne, E. Steinau, M. McQuillan, G. Unger, E. R. TI REDUCTION IN HPV PREVALENCE AMONG YOUNG WOMEN FOLLOWING INTRODUCTION OF HPV VACCINE IN THE UNITED STATES AND ESTIMATED VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Markowitz, L. E.; Hariri, S.; Lin, C.; Dunne, E.; Steinau, M.; Unger, E. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.371 BP A265 EP A265 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0824 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600216 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Hoover, KW Hart-Cooper, GD Gift, TL AF Owusu-Edusei, K. Hoover, K. W. Hart-Cooper, G. D. Gift, T. L. TI AN EXPLORATORY EVALUATION OF UNIVERSAL OPT-OUT CHLAMYDIA TESTING DURING CLINICAL ENCOUNTERS FOR YOUNG WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Owusu-Edusei, K.; Hoover, K. W.; Hart-Cooper, G. D.; Gift, T. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O06.5 BP A37 EP A38 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0117 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400113 ER PT J AU Pathela, P Braunstein, S Shepard, C Schillinger, J AF Pathela, P. Braunstein, S. Shepard, C. Schillinger, J. TI SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI) AMONG YOUTH WITH PERINATAL HIV INFECTION SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pathela, P.; Braunstein, S.; Shepard, C.; Schillinger, J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Queens, NY USA. [Schillinger, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.171 BP A200 EP A201 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0628 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600020 ER PT J AU Pathela, P Braunstein, S Shepard, C Schillinger, J AF Pathela, P. Braunstein, S. Shepard, C. Schillinger, J. TI POPULATION-BASED HIV INCIDENCE AMONG MEN DIAGNOSED WITH INFECTIOUS SYPHILIS, 2000-2011 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pathela, P.; Braunstein, S.; Shepard, C.; Schillinger, J.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Queens, NY USA. [Schillinger, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O11.4 BP A47 EP A48 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0146 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400142 ER PT J AU Schillinger, JA Washburn, K Klingler, E Blank, S Pathela, P AF Schillinger, J. A. Washburn, K. Klingler, E. Blank, S. Pathela, P. TI COMPARISON OF THE CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NEONATAL HERPES INFECTIONS CAUSED BY HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2; FINDINGS FROM A POPULATION-BASED SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, 2006-2012 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schillinger, J. A.; Blank, S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schillinger, J. A.; Washburn, K.; Klingler, E.; Blank, S.; Pathela, P.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O04.5 BP A34 EP A34 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0105 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400101 ER PT J AU Snead, MC O'Leary, AM Mandel, MG Kourtis, AP Wiener, J Jamieson, DJ Warner, L AF Snead, M. C. O'Leary, A. M. Mandel, M. G. Kourtis, A. P. Wiener, J. Jamieson, D. J. Warner, L. CA SITC Team TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY CONSTRUCTS AND SELF-REPORTED CONDOM USE: THE SAFE IN THE CITY TRIAL SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Snead, M. C.; O'Leary, A. M.; Mandel, M. G.; Kourtis, A. P.; Wiener, J.; Jamieson, D. J.; Warner, L.; SITC Team] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.094 BP A317 EP A317 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0992 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600384 ER PT J AU Snead, MC Kourtis, AP Melendez, JH Black, CM Mauck, CK Chaney, DM Doncel, G AF Snead, M. C. Kourtis, A. P. Melendez, J. H. Black, C. M. Mauck, C. K. Chaney, D. M. Doncel, G. TI DOES TENOFOVIR GEL - OR DO OTHER VAGINAL MICROBICIDE PRODUCTS - AFFECT DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS OF SEMEN EXPOSURE? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Snead, M. C.; Kourtis, A. P.; Black, C. M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Melendez, J. H.; Chaney, D. M.] JHU, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mauck, C. K.; Doncel, G.] EVMS, CONRAD, Arlington, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P3.364 BP A263 EP A263 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0817 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600209 ER PT J AU Stenger, M Samuel, M Weinstock, H AF Stenger, M. Samuel, M. Weinstock, H. CA SSuN Working Grp TI USING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS TO PREDICT NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE INFECTION RISK AT THE CENSUS TRACT-LEVEL: FINDINGS FROM THE STD SURVEILLANCE NETWORK (SSUN), UNITED STATES SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stenger, M.; Weinstock, H.] US Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samuel, M.] CA Dept Publ Hlth, STD Control Branch, DCDC, CID, Richmond, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O12.1 BP A48 EP A49 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0149 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400145 ER PT J AU Tao, G Hoover, K AF Tao, G. Hoover, K. TI SHOULD ALL PREGNANT WOMEN BE SCREENED FOR CHLAMYDIAL INFECTION AS RECOMMENDED BY CDC, OR ONLY THOSE YOUNGER THAN 25 YEARS AS RECOMMENDED BY USPSTF? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tao, G.; Hoover, K.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O08.5 BP A41 EP A42 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0129 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400125 ER PT J AU Thienkrua, W Todd, CS Varangrat, A Chemnasiri, T Tongtoyai, J Luechai, P Pancharoen, K Sriporn, A Chitwarakorn, A Holtz, TH AF Thienkrua, W. Todd, C. S. Varangrat, A. Chemnasiri, T. Tongtoyai, J. Luechai, P. Pancharoen, K. Sriporn, A. Chitwarakorn, A. Holtz, T. H. TI GROUP SEX, DRUGS, AND INTERNET USE AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN (MSM) IN BANGKOK, THAILAND SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thienkrua, W.; Todd, C. S.; Varangrat, A.; Chemnasiri, T.; Tongtoyai, J.; Luechai, P.; Pancharoen, K.; Sriporn, A.; Holtz, T. H.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Todd, C. S.] FHI360, Bangkok, Thailand. [Todd, C. S.] AVRAM Corp, Miami, FL USA. [Chitwarakorn, A.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Holtz, T. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.062 BP A308 EP A308 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0960 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600352 ER PT J AU Trees, D Pettus, K Johnson, S AF Trees, D. Pettus, K. Johnson, S. TI EFECT OF MUTATIONS IN PILQ ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE TO CEPHALOSPORINS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Trees, D.; Pettus, K.; Johnson, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA O21.2 BP A67 EP A67 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0204 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40SD UT WOS:000209497400200 ER PT J AU Williams, SP Kroeger, K Avey, H Fuller, E Branscomb, J Wong, N AF Williams, S. P. Kroeger, K. Avey, H. Fuller, E. Branscomb, J. Wong, N. TI FROM POLICY TO PRACTICE: UTILIZING A HEALTH IN ALL POLICIES APPROACH TO ENHANCE PUBLIC HEALTH AND PROMOTE SEXUAL HEALTH IN COMMUNITIES AFFECTED BY STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND REDEVELOPMENT SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Williams, S. P.; Kroeger, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Avey, H.] Human Impact Partners, Oakland, CA USA. [Fuller, E.; Branscomb, J.] Georgia Hlth Policy Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wong, N.] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 89 SU 1 MA P4.005 BP A290 EP A290 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0904 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V40VR UT WOS:000209506600296 ER PT J AU Andresen, EM Peterson-Besse, JJ Krahn, GL Walsh, ES Horner-Johnson, W Iezzoni, LI AF Andresen, Elena M. Peterson-Besse, Jana J. Krahn, Gloria L. Walsh, Emily S. Horner-Johnson, Willi Iezzoni, Lisa I. TI Pap, Mammography, and Clinical Breast Examination Screening Among Women with Disabilities: A Systematic Review SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Review ID HEALTH-CARE ACCESS; PREVENTIVE MEDICAL-SERVICES; MOBILITY IMPAIRMENTS; INTERVIEW SURVEY; MENTAL-ILLNESS; RECEIPT; BARRIERS; BENEFICIARIES; DISPARITIES; PEOPLE AB Background: Research has found some disparities between U. S. women with and without disabilities in receiving clinical preventive services. Substantial differences may also exist within the population of women with disabilities. The current study examined published research on Pap smears, mammography, and clinical breast examinations across disability severity levels among women with disabilities. Methods: Informed by an expert panel, we followed guidelines for systematic literature reviews and searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cinahl databases. We also reviewed in-depth four disability- or preventive service-relevant journals. Two reviewers independently extracted data from all selected articles. Findings: Five of 74 reviewed publications of met all our inclusion criteria and all five reported data on Pap smears, mammography, and clinical breast examination. Articles classified disability severity groups by functional and/or activity levels. Associations between disability severity and Pap smear use were inconsistent across the publications. Mammography screening fell as disability level increased according to three of the five studies. Results demonstrated modestly lower screening, but also were inconsistent for clinical breast examinations across studies. Conclusion: Evidence is inconsistent concerning disparities in these important cancer screening services with increasing disability levels. Published studies used differing methods and definitions, adding to concerns about the evidence for screening disparities rising along with increasing disability. More focused research is required to determine whether significant disparities exist in cancer screening among women with differing disability levels. This information is essential for national and local public health and health care organizations to target interventions to improve care for women with disabilities. Copyright (C) 2013 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Andresen, Elena M.; Horner-Johnson, Willi] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Inst Dev & Disabil, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Peterson-Besse, Jana J.] Univ Pacific, Dept Publ Hlth, Forest Grove, OR USA. [Krahn, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walsh, Emily S.] Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Res Affiliates Evidence Based P, Portland, OR USA. [Iezzoni, Lisa I.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Mongan Inst Hlth Policy, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Andresen, EM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Inst Dev & Disabil, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, 707 SE Gaines St, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM andresee@ohsu.edu OI Horner-Johnson, Willi/0000-0003-3568-1400 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 EI 1878-4321 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD JUL-AUG PY 2013 VL 23 IS 4 BP E205 EP E214 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2013.04.002 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA AO1WW UT WOS:000341107200002 PM 23816150 ER PT J AU Estevez, A Arvelo, W Hall, AJ Lopez, MR Lopez, B Reyes, L Moir, JC Gregoricus, N Vinje, J Parashar, UD Lindblade, KA AF Estevez, Alejandra Arvelo, Wences Hall, Aron J. Lopez, Maria R. Lopez, Beatriz Reyes, Lissette Carlos Moir, Juan Gregoricus, Nicole Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh D. Lindblade, Kim A. TI Prevalence and genetic diversity of norovirus among patients with acute diarrhea in Guatemala SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute diarrhea; norovirus; surveillance; guatemala ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; EMERGENCE; OUTBREAKS; ILLNESS; SPREAD AB Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and sporadic cases of diarrhea in industrialized countries. To study the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoVs in Guatemala, stool specimens were collected from hospitalized and ambulatory patients presenting with diarrhea (3 loose or liquid stools in a 24-hr period) who were enrolled in a prospective surveillance system in the Departments of Santa Rosa (October 2007 to August 2010) and Quetzaltenango (August 2009 to August 2010), Guatemala. Specimens were tested for rotavirus, enteric bacteria, and parasites by routine methods and for genogroups I and II NoV by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. A total of 2,403 stool specimens were collected from hospitalized (n=528) and ambulatory patients (n=1,875). Overall, 341 (14%) samples tested positive for NoVs including 114 (22%) hospitalized and 227 (12%) ambulatory patients. NoVs disease peaked during the winter (NovemberJanuary) months. Among the 341 NoVs-positive patients, 32 (9%) were also positive for rotavirus, 32 (9%) for bacteria, and 9 (3%) for protozoa. Nucleotide sequences were obtained from 84 samples collected from hospitalized children aged <5 years of age, which could be grouped into nine GII and three GI genotypes with GII.4 (74%) and GI.8 (10%) being the most common. This is the first study on the prevalence of NoVs among hospitalized and ambulatory patients with diarrhea in Guatemala. The findings highlight the need to implement laboratory diagnostics for NoVs to improve appropriate clinical management of diarrheal diseases and guide vaccine development. J. Med. Virol. 85:12931298, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Estevez, Alejandra; Lopez, Maria R.; Lopez, Beatriz] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences; Lindblade, Kim A.] Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Int Emerging Infect Program, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences; Lindblade, Kim A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hall, Aron J.; Gregoricus, Nicole; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reyes, Lissette; Carlos Moir, Juan] Minist Publ Hlth & Social Welf, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Estevez, A (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, 18 Av 11-95,Zona 15,VH 3, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala. EM alestevez@yahoo.com OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU CDC [UO1 GH000028-02] FX Grant sponsor: CDC; Grant number: UO1 GH000028-02 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 85 IS 7 BP 1293 EP 1298 DI 10.1002/jmv.23578 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 150WY UT WOS:000319423400022 PM 23595770 ER PT J AU Trainor, E Lopman, B Iturriza-Gomara, M Dove, W Ngwira, B Nakagomi, O Nakagomi, T Parashar, U Cunliffe, N AF Trainor, Eamonn Lopman, Ben Iturriza-Gomara, Miren Dove, Winifred Ngwira, Bagrey Nakagomi, Osamu Nakagomi, Toyoko Parashar, Umesh Cunliffe, Nigel TI Detection and molecular characterisation of noroviruses in hospitalised children in Malawi, 1997-2007 SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastroenteritis; norovirus; Malawi ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; HUMAN CALICIVIRUSES; SPORADIC GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ROTAVIRUS; PREVALENCE AB Despite the increasing recognition of noroviruses as major pathogens associated with community-acquired diarrhoea in children, there are few studies from Africa. Long-term surveillance studies of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Malawian children have provided an opportunity to undertake a study of the importance and epidemiological features of norovirus infection in this population. Faecal specimens were collected from children <5 years of age admitted to hospital with acute diarrhoea, as well as from a comparison group of diarrhoea-free children, in Blantyre, Malawi between 1997 and 2007. Norovirus was detected using real-time PCR and strains genotyped by nucleotide sequence analysis. Norovirus was detected in 220/1,941 (11.3%) faecal specimens, comprising genogroup GI (1.8%), GII (9.4%) and mixed GI/GII (0.1%). The median age of children with norovirus was 6 months (range, 048 months). Norovirus was detected throughout the year, with peaks at the end of the rainy season (March) and towards the end of the dry season (AugustNovember). Norovirus GII.4 was the most commonly detected genotype accounting for 70% of strains characterised, followed by GII.2 (6%), GII.6 (4%) and GII.12 (4%). Sub typing of GII.4 noroviruses demonstrated local circulation of strains prior to their subsequent detection in association with global epidemics of gastroenteritis. The prevalence of norovirus in children without diarrhoea was similar to the level in cases. This largest study to date of norovirus infection in African children indicates the potential role of paediatric surveillance in predicting the emergence of norovirus strains with global epidemic potential. J. Med. Virol. 85:12991306, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Trainor, Eamonn; Iturriza-Gomara, Miren; Dove, Winifred; Cunliffe, Nigel] Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Dept Clin Infect Microbiol & Immunol, Liverpool L69 7BE, Merseyside, England. [Lopman, Ben; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ngwira, Bagrey] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Dept Community Hlth, Blantyre, Malawi. [Nakagomi, Osamu; Nakagomi, Toyoko] Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Nagasaki 852, Japan. [Nakagomi, Osamu; Nakagomi, Toyoko] Nagasaki Univ, Global Ctr Excellence, Nagasaki 852, Japan. RP Iturriza-Gomara, M (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Inst Infect & Global Hlth, Dept Clin Infect Microbiol & Immunol, Ronald Ross Bldg,8 West Derby St, Liverpool L69 7BE, Merseyside, England. EM miren@liverpool.ac.uk RI Iturriza Gomara, Miren/B-4351-2013; OI Iturriza Gomara, Miren/0000-0001-5816-6423; Cunliffe, Nigel/0000-0002-5449-4988 FU NIHR FX Dr Eamonn Trainor is an NIHR-funded Academic Clinical Fellow in Medical Microbiology. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JUL PY 2013 VL 85 IS 7 BP 1299 EP 1306 DI 10.1002/jmv.23589 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 150WY UT WOS:000319423400023 PM 23918547 ER PT J AU Gangadharan, D Smith, J Weyant, R AF Gangadharan, Denise Smith, Jacinta Weyant, Robbin TI Biosafety Recommendations for Work with Influenza Viruses Containing a Hemagglutinin from the A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 Lineage SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A H5N1; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; FERRETS; H2 AB The CDC and National Institutes of Health (NIH) Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) manual describes biosafety recommendations for work involving highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) (US Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], CDC. Biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories, 5th ed. Atlanta, GA: CDC; 2009. HHS publication no. [CDC] 21-1112. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5). The U.S. Department of Agriculture Guidelines for Avian Influenza Viruses builds on the BMBL manual and provides additional biosafety and biocontainment guidelines for laboratories working with HPAI (US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Agricultural Select Agent Program. Guidelines for avian influenza viruses. Washington, DC. US Department of Agriculture; 2011. Available at http://www.selectagents.gov/Guidelines_for_Avian_Influenza_Viruses.html). The recommendations in this report, which are intended for laboratories in the United States, outline the essential baseline biosafety measures for working with the subset of influenza viruses that contain a hemagglutinin (HA) from the HPAI influenza A/goose/Guangdong/1/96 lineage, including reassortant influenza viruses created in a laboratory setting. All H5N1 influenza virus clades known to infect humans to date have been derived from this lineage (WHO/OIE/FAO H5N1 Evolution Working Group. Continued evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza A [H5N1]: updated nomenclature. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012;6:1-5). In 2009, the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules were amended to include specific biosafety and biocontainment recommendations for laboratories working with Recombinant Risk Group 3 influenza viruses, including HPAI H5N1 influenza viruses within the Goose/Guangdong/1/96-like H5 lineage. In February 2013, the NIH guidelines were further revised to provide additional biosafety containment enhancements and practices for research with HPAI H5N1 viruses that are transmissible among mammals by respiratory droplets (i.e., mammalian-transmissible HPAI H5N1) (National Institutes of Health, Office of Biotechnology Activities. NIH guidelines for research involving recombinant or synthetic nucleic acid molecules. Appendix G-II-C-5: biosafety level 3 enhanced for research involving risk group 3 influenza viruses. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2013. Available at http://oba.od.nih.gov/rdna/nih_guidelines_oba.html). The recent revisions to the NIH guidelines focus on a smaller subset of viruses but are applicable and consistent with the recommendations in this report. The biosafety recommendations in this report were developed by CDC with advice from the Intragovernmental Select Agents and Toxins Technical Advisory Committee, which is a panel composed of federal government subject-matter experts, and from public input received in response to the request for information that was published in the Federal Register on October 17, 2012 (US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC Influenza viruses containing the hemagglutinin from the Goose/ Guangdong/1/96 lineage; proposed rule; request for information and comment. 42 CFR, Part 73. Federal Register 2012;77:63783-5). Work with HPAI H5N1 virus should be conducted, at a minimum, at biosafety level 3 (BSL-3), with specific enhancements to protect workers, the public, animal health, and animal products. Original clinical specimens suspected of containing viruses of this lineage can only be handled at BSL-2 if the procedures do not involve the propagation of the virus. An appropriate biosafety level should be determined in accordance with a biosafety risk assessment. Additional information on performing biosafety risk assessments and establishing effective biosafety containment is available in the BMBL manual. C1 [Gangadharan, Denise; Smith, Jacinta; Weyant, Robbin] Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gangadharan, D (reprint author), CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ghz7@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 233SZ UT WOS:000325591100001 ER PT J AU Jothikumar, N Hill, VR AF Jothikumar, N. Hill, Vincent R. TI A novel photoinduced electron transfer (PET) primer technique for rapid real-time PCR detection of Cryptosporidium spp. SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Photoinduced electron transfer; Nucleic acid amplification; Real time PCR; Fluorescent labeled primer; Molecular diagnosis; Guanosine ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; PROBES; FLUORESCENCE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; AMPLIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; NUCLEOTIDES; DYES; DIFFERENTIATION AB We report the development of a fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide primer that can be used to monitor real-time PCR. The primer has two parts, the 3'-end of the primer is complimentary to the target and a universal 17-mer stem loop at the 5'-end forms a hairpin structure. A fluorescent dye is attached to 5'-end of either the forward or reverse primer. The presence of guanosine residues at the first and second position of the 3' dangling end effectively quenches the fluorescence due to the photo electron transfer (PET) mechanism. During the synthesis of nucleic acid, the hairpin structure is linearized and the fluorescence of the incorporated primer increases several-fold due to release of the fluorescently labeled tail and the absence of guanosine quenching. As amplicons are synthesized during nucleic acid amplification, the fluorescence increase in the reaction mixture can be measured with commercially available real-time PCR instruments. In addition, a melting procedure can be performed to denature the double-stranded amplicons, thereby generating fluorescence peaks that can differentiate primer dimers and other non-specific amplicons if formed during the reaction. We demonstrated the application of PET-PCR for the rapid detection and quantification of Cryptosporidium parvum DNA. Comparison with a previously published TaqMan (R) assay demonstrated that the two real-time PCR assays exhibited similar sensitivity for a dynamic range of detection of 6000-0.6 oocysts per reaction. PET PCR primers are simple to design and less-expensive than dual-labeled probe PCR methods, and should be of interest for use by laboratories operating in resource-limited environments. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jothikumar, N.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Jothikumar, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-66, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jin2@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 436 IS 2 BP 134 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.032 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 180NG UT WOS:000321601300005 PM 23727382 ER PT J AU Skums, P Mancuso, N Artyomenko, A Tork, B Mandoiu, I Khudyakov, Y Zelikovsky, A AF Skums, Pavel Mancuso, Nicholas Artyomenko, Alexander Tork, Bassam Mandoiu, Ion Khudyakov, Yury Zelikovsky, Alex TI Reconstruction of viral population structure from next-generation sequencing data using multicommodity flows SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article AB Background: Highly mutable RNA viruses exist in infected hosts as heterogeneous populations of genetically close variants known as quasispecies. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for analysing a large number of viral sequences from infected patients, presenting a novel opportunity for studying the structure of a viral population and understanding virus evolution, drug resistance and immune escape. Accurate reconstruction of genetic composition of intra-host viral populations involves assembling the NGS short reads into whole-genome sequences and estimating frequencies of individual viral variants. Although a few approaches were developed for this task, accurate reconstruction of quasispecies populations remains greatly unresolved. Results: Two new methods, AmpMCF and ShotMCF, for reconstruction of the whole-genome intra-host viral variants and estimation of their frequencies were developed, based on Multicommodity Flows (MCFs). AmpMCF was designed for NGS reads obtained from individual PCR amplicons and ShotMCF for NGS shotgun reads. While AmpMCF, based on covering formulation, identifies a minimal set of quasispecies explaining all observed reads, ShotMCS, based on packing formulation, engages the maximal number of reads to generate the most probable set of quasispecies. Both methods were evaluated on simulated data in comparison to Maximum Bandwidth and ViSpA, previously developed state-of-the-art algorithms for estimating quasispecies spectra from the NGS amplicon and shotgun reads, respectively. Both algorithms were accurate in estimation of quasispecies frequencies, especially from large datasets. Conclusions: The problem of viral population reconstruction from amplicon or shotgun NGS reads was solved using the MCF formulation. The two methods, ShotMCF and AmpMCF, developed here afford accurate reconstruction of the structure of intra-host viral population from NGS reads. The implementations of the algorithms are available at http://alan.cs.gsu.edu/vira.html (AmpMCF) and http://alan.cs.gsu.edu/NGS/?q=content/shotmcf (ShotMCF). C1 [Skums, Pavel; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mancuso, Nicholas; Artyomenko, Alexander; Tork, Bassam; Zelikovsky, Alex] Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Mandoiu, Ion] Univ Connecticut, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Skums, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kki8@cdc.gov OI Mandoiu, Ion/0000-0002-4818-0237 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [201167016-30331]; Life Technology Grant "Viral Metagenome Reconstruction Software for Ion Torrent PGM Sequencer"; NSF [IIS-0916401, IIS-0916948]; Molecular Basis of Disease Fellowship, Georgia State University FX PS and YK were supported intramurally by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NM, BT, IM and AZ were supported in part by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 201167016-30331 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by Life Technology Grant "Viral Metagenome Reconstruction Software for Ion Torrent PGM Sequencer". NM, AA, BT and AZ were supported in part by NSF award IIS-0916401. IM was supported in part by NSF award IIS-0916948. NM and BT were supported in part by Molecular Basis of Disease Fellowship, Georgia State University.; Publication of this article was funded intramurally by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 14 SU 9 AR S2 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-14-S9-S2 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 184OM UT WOS:000321901100002 PM 23902469 ER PT J AU Bennett, NM Pilishvili, T Whitney, CG Moore, M Gierke, R Harris, AM AF Bennett, Nancy M. Pilishvili, Tamara Whitney, Cynthia G. Moore, Matthew Gierke, Ryan Harris, Aaron M. TI Use of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Among Children Aged 6-18 Years with Immunocompromising Conditions: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED ADULTS; DISEASE; PREVENTION; TRIAL C1 [Harris, Aaron M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tdp4@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 25 BP 521 EP 524 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GR UT WOS:000322181200003 ER PT J AU Smith, KE Danila, R Scheftel, J Fowler, H Westbrook, A Dobbins, G Choi, MJ AF Smith, Kirk E. Danila, Richard Scheftel, Joni Fowler, Heather Westbrook, Amy Dobbins, Ginette Choi, Mary J. TI Occupationally Acquired Salmonella I 4, 12:i:1,2 Infection in a Phlebotomist - Minnesota, January 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Smith, Kirk E.; Danila, Richard; Scheftel, Joni; Fowler, Heather; Westbrook, Amy; Dobbins, Ginette; Choi, Mary J.] CDC, Minnesota Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Choi, Mary J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Choi, MJ (reprint author), CDC, Minnesota Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mjchoi@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 25 BP 525 EP 525 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GR UT WOS:000322181200004 ER PT J AU Pabst, LJ Chaves, SS Weinbaum, C AF Pabst, Laura J. Chaves, Sandra S. Weinbaum, Cindy TI Trends in compliance with two-dose influenza vaccine recommendations among children aged 6 months through 8 years SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccination; Influenza; Information systems ID 6-TO 23-MONTH-OLD CHILDREN; SEASON; IMMUNOGENICITY; PERSPECTIVES; COVERAGE; RATES AB Children aged <9 years may require two doses of influenza vaccine to achieve an adequate immune response to protect against the disease. We analyzed data for >2 million children in each influenza season from 2007 to 2012 from eight Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites to assess trends in two-dose compliance. Compliance was calculated by influenza season, age group, and influenza vaccination history. Two-dose compliance increased from 49% to 60% among 6-23 month olds from 2007 to 2012; no increase was observed for 2-4 or 5-8 year olds. In each season, compliance was 3-12 times higher among 6-23 month olds compared to older children and was two times higher among influenza vaccine naive children compared to previously vaccinated children. Improved messaging for providers and parents about the importance of the two-dose recommendation, about which children are eligible for two doses, and provider access to complete influenza vaccination histories for all children are needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pabst, Laura J.; Chaves, Sandra S.; Weinbaum, Cindy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pabst, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS Al 9, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LPabst@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 31 BP 3116 EP 3120 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.080 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 178AX UT WOS:000321417600002 PM 23684827 ER PT J AU O'Connor, AC Kennedy, ED Loomis, RJ Haque, SN Layton, CM Williams, WW Amoozegar, JB Braun, FM Honeycutt, AA Weinbaum, C AF O'Connor, Alan C. Kennedy, Erin D. Loomis, Ross J. Haque, Saira N. Layton, Christine M. Williams, Warren W. Amoozegar, Jacqueline B. Braun, Fern M. Honeycutt, Amanda A. Weinbaum, Cindy TI Prospective cost-benefit analysis of a two-dimensional barcode for vaccine production, clinical documentation, and public health reporting and tracking SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Cost-benefit analysis; 2D barcode technology; Technology adoption; Electronic health record; Immunization information systems AB In the United States recording accurate vaccine lot numbers in immunization records is required by the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act and is necessary for public health surveillance and implementation of vaccine product recalls. However, this information is often missing or inaccurate in records. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires a linear barcode of the National Drug Code (NDC) on vaccine product labels as a medication verification measure, but lot number and expiration date must still be recorded by hand. Beginning in 2011, FDA permitted manufacturers to replace linear barcodes with two-dimensional (2D) barcodes on unit-of-use product labels. A 2D barcode can contain the NDC, expiration date, and lot number in a symbol small enough to fit on a unit-of-use label. All three data elements could be scanned into a patient record. To assess 2D barcodes' potential impacts, a mixed-methods approach of time-motion data analysis, interview and survey data collection, and cost-benefit analysis was employed. Analysis of a time-motion study conducted at 33 practices suggests scanning 2D-barcoded vaccines could reduce immunization documentation time by 36-39s per dose. Data from an intemet survey of primary care providers and local health officials indicate that 60% of pediatric practices, 54% of family medicine practices, and 39% of health departments would use the 2D barcode, with more indicating they would do so if they used electronic health records. Inclusive of manufacturer and immunization provider costs and benefits, we forecast lower-bound net benefits to be $310-334 million between 2011 and 2023 with a benefit-to-cost ratio of 3.1:1-3.2:1. Although we were unable to monetize benefits for expected improved immunization coverage, surveillance, or reduced medication errors, based on our findings, we expect that using 20 barcodes will lower vaccine documentation costs, facilitate data capture, and enhance immunization data quality. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Connor, Alan C.; Loomis, Ross J.; Haque, Saira N.; Layton, Christine M.; Amoozegar, Jacqueline B.; Braun, Fern M.; Honeycutt, Amanda A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kennedy, Erin D.; Williams, Warren W.; Weinbaum, Cindy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP O'Connor, AC (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM oconnor@rti.org OI Haque, Saira/0000-0001-8866-9005 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [GS10F0097L] FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Contract number GS10F0097L, with a period of performance from October 1, 2010, through September 21, 2012. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 28 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 31 BP 3179 EP 3186 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.073 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 178AX UT WOS:000321417600012 PM 23664988 ER PT J AU Smith, RM Tipple, M Chaudry, MN Schaefer, MK Park, BJ AF Smith, Rachel M. Tipple, Margaret Chaudry, Muddasar N. Schaefer, Melissa K. Park, Benjamin J. TI Relapse of Fungal Meningitis Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Smith, Rachel M.; Schaefer, Melissa K.; Park, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tipple, Margaret] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Chaudry, Muddasar N.] LewisGale Med Ctr, Salem, VA USA. RP Smith, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vih9@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 27 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 26 BP 2535 EP 2536 DI 10.1056/NEJMc1306560 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 171KQ UT WOS:000320926900034 PM 23718153 ER PT J AU Silk, BJ Foltz, JL Ngamsnga, K Brown, E Munoz, MG Hampton, LM Jacobs-Slifka, K Kozak, NA Underwood, JM Krick, J Travis, T Farrow, O Fields, BS Blythe, D Hicks, LA AF Silk, Benjamin J. Foltz, Jennifer L. Ngamsnga, Kompan Brown, Ellen Munoz, Mary Grace Hampton, Lee M. Jacobs-Slifka, Kara Kozak, Natalia A. Underwood, J. Michael Krick, John Travis, Tatiana Farrow, Olivia Fields, Barry S. Blythe, David Hicks, Lauri A. TI Legionnaires' disease case-finding algorithm, attack rates, and risk factors during a residential outbreak among older adults: an environmental and cohort study SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Legionella; Community-acquired pneumonia; Elderly ID ACQUIRED LEGIONELLA-PNEUMONIA; SEQUENCE-BASED SCHEME; UNITED-STATES; PNEUMOPHILA; WATER; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; THERAPY; SYSTEM; TRENDS AB Background: During a Legionnaires' disease (LD) outbreak, combined epidemiological and environmental investigations were conducted to identify prevention recommendations for facilities where elderly residents live independently but have an increased risk of legionellosis. Methods: Survey responses (n = 143) were used to calculate attack rates and describe transmission routes by estimating relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Potable water collected from five apartments of LD patients and three randomly-selected apartments of residents without LD (n = 103 samples) was cultured for Legionella. Results: Eight confirmed LD cases occurred among 171 residents (attack rate = 4.7%); two visitors also developed LD. One case was fatal. The average age of patients was 70 years (range: 62-77). LD risk was lower among residents who reported tub bathing instead of showering (RR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02-1.09, P = 0.03). Two respiratory cultures were characterized as L. pneumophila serogroup 1, monoclonal antibody type Knoxville (1,2,3), sequence type 222. An indistinguishable strain was detected in 31 (74%) of 42 potable water samples. Conclusions: Managers of elderly-housing facilities and local public health officials should consider developing a Legionella prevention plan. When Legionella colonization of potable water is detected in these facilities, remediation is indicated to protect residents at higher risk. If LD occurs among residents, exposure reduction, heightened awareness, and clinical surveillance activities should be coordinated among stakeholders. For prompt diagnosis and effective treatment, clinicians should recognize the increased risk and atypical presentation of LD in older adults. C1 [Silk, Benjamin J.; Foltz, Jennifer L.; Hampton, Lee M.; Underwood, J. Michael] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Silk, Benjamin J.; Brown, Ellen; Hampton, Lee M.; Jacobs-Slifka, Kara; Kozak, Natalia A.; Travis, Tatiana; Fields, Barry S.; Hicks, Lauri A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foltz, Jennifer L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Underwood, J. Michael] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ngamsnga, Kompan; Munoz, Mary Grace; Krick, John; Farrow, Olivia] Baltimore City Dept Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Krick, John; Blythe, David] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Jacobs-Slifka, Kara] Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Silk, BJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. EM bsilk@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUN 27 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 291 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-13-291 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 176BE UT WOS:000321277100002 PM 23806063 ER PT J AU Greene, SK Rett, MD Vellozzi, C Li, LL Kulldorff, M Marcy, SM Daley, MF Belongia, EA Baxter, R Fireman, BH Jackson, ML Omer, SB Nordin, JD Jin, R Weintraub, ES Vijayadeva, V Lee, GM AF Greene, Sharon K. Rett, Melisa D. Vellozzi, Claudia Li, Lingling Kulldorff, Martin Marcy, S. Michael Daley, Matthew F. Belongia, Edward A. Baxter, Roger Fireman, Bruce H. Jackson, Michael L. Omer, Saad B. Nordin, James D. Jin, Robert Weintraub, Eric S. Vijayadeva, Vinutha Lee, Grace M. TI Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Influenza Vaccination, and Antecedent Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Infections: A Case-Centered Analysis in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, 2009-2011 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PRACTICE RESEARCH DATABASE; 2009 MONOVALENT VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION SAFETY; A H1N1; FISHER-SYNDROME; RISK; ASSOCIATION; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN AB Background: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) can be triggered by gastrointestinal or respiratory infections, including influenza. During the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in the United States, monovalent inactivated influenza vaccine (MIV) availability coincided with high rates of wildtype influenza infections. Several prior studies suggested an elevated GBS risk following MIV, but adjustment for antecedent infection was limited. Methods: We identified patients enrolled in health plans participating in the Vaccine Safety Datalink and diagnosed with GBS from July 2009 through June 2011. Medical records of GBS cases with 2009-10 MIV, 2010-11 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV), and/or a medically-attended respiratory or gastrointestinal infection in the 1 through 141 days prior to GBS diagnosis were reviewed and classified according to Brighton Collaboration criteria for diagnostic certainty. Using a case-centered design, logistic regression models adjusted for patient-level time-varying sources of confounding, including seasonal vaccinations and infections in GBS cases and population-level controls. Results: Eighteen confirmed GBS cases received vaccination in the 6 weeks preceding onset, among 1.27 million 2009-10 MIV recipients and 2.80 million 2010-11 TIV recipients. Forty-four confirmed GBS cases had infection in the 6 weeks preceding onset, among 3.77 million patients diagnosed with medically-attended infection. The observed-versus-expected odds that 2009-10MIV/2010-11 TIV was received in the 6 weeks preceding GBS onset was odds ratio = 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59-3.99; risk difference= 0.93 per million doses, 95% CI, 20.71-5.16. The association between GBS and medically-attended infection was: odds ratio = 7.73, 95% CI, 3.60-16.61; risk difference = 11.62 per million infected patients, 95% CI, 4.49-26.94. These findings were consistent in sensitivity analyses using alternative infection definitions and risk intervals for prior vaccination shorter than 6 weeks. Conclusions: After adjusting for antecedent infections, we found no evidence for an elevated GBS risk following 2009-10 MIV/2010-11 TIV influenza vaccines. However, the association between GBS and antecedent infection was strongly elevated. C1 [Greene, Sharon K.; Rett, Melisa D.; Li, Lingling; Kulldorff, Martin; Jin, Robert; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Greene, Sharon K.; Rett, Melisa D.; Li, Lingling; Kulldorff, Martin; Jin, Robert; Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marcy, S. Michael] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Baxter, Roger; Fireman, Bruce H.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Jackson, Michael L.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Ctr Hlth Res Southeast, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Vijayadeva, Vinutha] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Ctr Hlth Res Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Greene, SK (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, Queens, NY USA. EM sgreene4@health.nyc.gov OI Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This work was supported by a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript, although the CDC reviewed and approved this report before submission. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e67185 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0067185 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 178DN UT WOS:000321424400082 PM 23840621 ER PT J AU Foppa, IM Haber, M Ferdinands, JM Shay, DK AF Foppa, Ivo M. Haber, Michael Ferdinands, Jill M. Shay, David K. TI The case test-negative design for studies of the effectiveness of influenza vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza Rotavirus; Influenza vaccines; Rotavirus vaccines; Case-control studies; Selection bias; Computer simulation ID PENTAVALENT ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; SEASON; POPULATION; INFECTIONS AB Background: A modification to the case-control study design has become popular to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) against viral infections. Subjects with symptomatic illness seeking medical care are tested by a highly specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the infection of interest. Cases are subjects testing positive for the virus; those testing negative represent the comparison group. Influenza and rotavirus VE studies using this design are often termed "test-negative case-control" studies, but this design has not been formally described or evaluated. We explicitly state several assumptions of the design and examine the conditions under which VE estimates derived with it are valid and unbiased. Methods: We derived mathematical expressions for VE estimators obtained using this design and examined their statistical properties. We used simulation methods to test the validity of the estimators and illustrate their performance using an influenza VE study as an example. Results: Because the marginal ratio of cases to non-cases is unknown during enrollment, this design is not a traditional case-control study; we suggest the name "case test-negative" design. Under sets of increasingly general assumptions, we found that the case test-negative design can provide unbiased VE estimates. However, differences in health care-seeking behavior among cases and non-cases by vaccine status, strong viral interference, or modification of the probability of symptomatic illness by vaccine status can bias VE estimates. Conclusions: Vaccine effectiveness estimates derived from case test-negative studies are valid and unbiased under a wide range of assumptions. However, if vaccinated cases are less severely ill and seek care less frequently than unvaccinated cases, then an appropriate adjustment for illness severity is required to avoid bias in effectiveness estimates. Viral interference will lead to a non-trivial bias in the vaccine effectiveness estimate from case test-negative studies only when incidence of influenza is extremely high and duration of transient non-specific immunity is long. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Foppa, Ivo M.; Ferdinands, Jill M.; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Foppa, Ivo M.; Ferdinands, Jill M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haber, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Foppa, IM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vor1@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 NR 22 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 26 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 30 BP 3104 EP 3109 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.026 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 174TR UT WOS:000321178800011 PM 23624093 ER PT J AU Decker, SL Kostova, D Kenney, GM Long, SK AF Decker, Sandra L. Kostova, Deliana Kenney, Genevieve M. Long, Sharon K. TI Health Status, Risk Factors, and Medical Conditions Among Persons Enrolled in Medicaid vs Uninsured Low-Income Adults Potentially Eligible for Medicaid Under the Affordable Care Act SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION AB Importance Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), states can extend Medicaid eligibility to nearly all adults with income no more than 138% of the federal poverty level. Uncertainty exists regarding the scope of medical services required for new enrollees. Objective To document the health care needs and health risks of uninsured adults who could gain Medicaid coverage under the ACA. These data will help physicians, other clinicians, and state Medicaid programs prepare for the possible expansions. Design, Setting, and Patients Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 were used to analyze health conditions among a nationally representative sample of 1042 uninsured adults aged 19 through 64 years with income no more than 138% of the federal poverty level, compared with 471 low-income adults currently enrolled in Medicaid. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalence and control of diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia based on examinations and laboratory tests, measures of self-reported health status including medical conditions, and risk factors such as measured obesity status. Results Compared with those already enrolled in Medicaid, uninsured adults were less likely to be obese and sedentary and less likely to report a physical, mental, or emotional limitation. They also were less likely to have several chronic conditions. For example, 30.1% (95% CI, 26.8%-33.4%) of uninsured adults had hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes compared with 38.6% (95% CI, 32.0%-45.3%) of those enrolled in Medicaid (P=.02). However, if they had these conditions, uninsured adults were less likely to be aware of them and less likely to have them controlled. For example, 80.1% (95% CI, 75.2%-85.1%) of the uninsured adults with at least 1 of these 3 conditions had at least 1 uncontrolled condition, compared with 63.4% (95% CI, 53.7%-73.1%) of adults enrolled in Medicaid. Conclusion and Relevance Compared with adults currently enrolled in Medicaid, uninsured low-income adults potentially eligible to enroll in Medicaid under the ACA had a lower prevalence of many chronic conditions. A substantial proportion of currently uninsured adults with chronic conditions did not have good disease control; projections based on sample weighting suggest this may represent 3.5 million persons (95% CI, 2.9 million-4.2 million). These adults may need initial intensive medical care following Medicaid enrollment. C1 [Decker, Sandra L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kostova, Deliana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kenney, Genevieve M.; Long, Sharon K.] Urban Inst, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Decker, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM sdecker@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 26 PY 2013 VL 309 IS 24 BP 2579 EP 2586 DI 10.1001/jama.2013.7106 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 170KD UT WOS:000320848100028 PM 23793267 ER PT J AU Huffman, MD Lloyd-Jones, DM Ning, HY Labarthe, DR Castillo, MG O'Flaherty, M Ford, ES Capewell, S AF Huffman, Mark D. Lloyd-Jones, Donald M. Ning, Hongyan Labarthe, Darwin R. Castillo, Maria Guzman O'Flaherty, Martin Ford, Earl S. Capewell, Simon TI Quantifying Options for Reducing Coronary Heart Disease Mortality By 2020 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE American Heart Association; epidemiology; heart diseases; risk factors ID IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; US; ADULTS; TRENDS; ASSOCIATIONS; PREVALENCE; WOMEN AB Background The American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 Strategic Impact Goal proposes a 20% improvement in cardiovascular health of all Americans. We aimed to estimate the potential reduction in coronary heart disease (CHD) deaths. Methods and Results We used data on 40 373 adults free of cardiovascular disease from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 1988-2010). We quantified recent trends for 6 metrics (total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, physical inactivity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and obesity) and generated linear projections to 2020. We projected the expected number of CHD deaths in 2020 if 2006 age- and sex-specific CHD death rates remained constant, which would result in approximate to 480 000 CHD deaths in 2020 (12% increase). We used the previously validated IMPACT CHD model to project numbers of CHD deaths in 2020 under 2 different scenarios: (1) Assuming a 20% improvement in each cardiovascular health metric, we project 365 000 CHD deaths in 2020 (range 327 000-403 000) a 24% decrease reflecting modest reductions in total cholesterol (-41 000), systolic blood pressure (-36 000), physical inactivity (-12 000), smoking (-10 000), diabetes mellitus (-10 000), and obesity (-5000); (2) Assuming that recent risk factor trends continue to 2020, we project 335 000 CHD deaths (range 274 000-386 000), a 30% decrease reflecting improvements in total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and physical activity (approximate to 167 000 fewer deaths), offset by increases in diabetes mellitus and body mass index (approximate to 24 000 more deaths). Conclusions Two contrasting scenarios of change in cardiovascular health metrics could prevent 24% to 30% of the CHD deaths expected in 2020, though with differing effects by age. Unfavorable continuing trends in obesity and diabetes mellitus would have substantial adverse effects. This analysis demonstrates the utility of modelling to inform health policy. C1 [Huffman, Mark D.; Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.; Ning, Hongyan; Labarthe, Darwin R.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Castillo, Maria Guzman; O'Flaherty, Martin; Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Div Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Huffman, MD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 680 N Lake Shore Dr,Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM m-huffman@northwestern.edu OI O'Flaherty, Martin/0000-0001-8944-4131; Huffman, Mark/0000-0001-7412-2519 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [5 T32 HL069771-08]; NHLBI Pathway [1K99HL107749-01A1]; UK Medical Research Council [G 0900847]; European Union (MedCHAMPS project); EC FP7 [223705] FX Dr Huffman was supported by a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored cardiovascular epidemiology and prevention training grant during part of this work (5 T32 HL069771-08). All data used in this study were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dr Huffman is currently supported by a NHLBI Pathway to Independence award (1K99HL107749-01A1). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Dr Guzman was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (Grant G 0900847) and Dr O'Flaherty by the European Union (MedCHAMPS project funded by EC FP7 grant no. 223705). NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUN 25 PY 2013 VL 127 IS 25 BP 2477 EP 2484 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000769 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 171HU UT WOS:000320916900011 PM 23661723 ER PT J AU McCarthy, CF Voss, J Salmon, ME Gross, JM Kelley, MA Riley, PL AF McCarthy, Carey F. Voss, Joachim Salmon, Marla E. Gross, Jessica M. Kelley, Maureen A. Riley, Patricia L. TI Nursing and midwifery regulatory reform in east, central, and southern Africa: a survey of key stakeholders SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Sub-Saharan Africa; Education; HIV; Midwifery; Nursing; Regulation; Stakeholders; Task sharing; Task shifting ID HEALTH-SYSTEMS; HIV TREATMENT; SCALE-UP; RESOURCES; PEPFAR; CARE AB Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, nurses and midwives provide expanded HIV services previously seen as the sole purview of physicians. Delegation of these functions often occurs informally by shifting or sharing of tasks and responsibilities. Normalizing these arrangements through regulatory and educational reform is crucial for the attainment of global health goals and the protection of practitioners and those whom they serve. Enacting appropriate changes in both regulation and education requires engagement of national regulatory bodies, but also key stakeholders such as government chief nursing officers (CNO), professional associations, and educators. The purpose of this research is to describe the perspectives and engagement of these stakeholders in advancing critical regulatory and educational reform in east, central, and southern Africa (ECSA). Methods: We surveyed individuals from these three stakeholder groups with regard to task shifting and the challenges related to practice and education regulation reform. The survey used a convenience sample of nursing and midwifery leaders from countries in ECSA who convened on 28 February 2011, for a meeting of the African Health Profession Regulatory Collaborative. Results: A total of 32 stakeholders from 13 ECSA countries participated in the survey. The majority (72%) reported task shifting is practiced in their countries; however only 57% reported their national regulations had been revised to incorporate additional professional roles and responsibilities. Stakeholders also reported different roles and levels of involvement with regard to nursing and midwifery regulation. The most frequently cited challenge impacting nursing and midwifery regulatory reform was the absence of capacity and resources needed to implement change. Discussion: While guidelines on task shifting and recommendations on transforming health professional education exist, this study provides new evidence that countries in the ECSA region face obstacles to adapting their practice and education regulations accordingly. Stakeholders such as CNOs, nursing associations, and academicians have varied and complementary roles with regard to reforming professional practice and education regulation. Conclusion: This study provides information for effectively engaging leaders in regulatory reform by clarifying their roles, responsibilities, and activities regarding regulation overall as well as their specific perspectives on task shifting and pre-service reform. C1 [McCarthy, Carey F.; Riley, Patricia L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Voss, Joachim] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Salmon, Marla E.] Univ Washington, Evans Sch Publ Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gross, Jessica M.] ARC Project, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kelley, Maureen A.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP McCarthy, CF (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmccarthy@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4491 J9 HUM RESOUR HEALTH JI Hum. Resour. Health PD JUN 25 PY 2013 VL 11 AR 29 DI 10.1186/1478-4491-11-29 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA 179KL UT WOS:000321519100001 PM 23800079 ER PT J AU Lacher, DA Berman, LE Chen, TC Porter, KS AF Lacher, David A. Berman, Lewis E. Chen, Te-Ching Porter, Kathryn S. TI Comparison of dried blood spot to venous methods for hemoglobin A1c, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and C-reactive protein SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Dried blood spots; Laboratory method comparison; Point-of-care; Lipids; Diabetes AB Background: Compared to venipuncture, dried blood spots (DBS) can be collected by non-phlebotomists in non-clinical settings, is relatively inexpensive, more easily transported and stored conveniently. Disadvantages of DBS include difficult assay development and validation. This study compared DBS to venous methods for hemoglobin A1c, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods: DBS collection and venipuncture were performed on 401 participants. The DBS were collected on Whatman 903 protein saver card. For analysis, 3.2 mm blood punches were placed into a 96-well microtiter plate for elution and then analyzed. Results: The Pearson squared correlation coefficients were high for hemoglobin A1c (0.92), CRP (0.84) and glucose (0.81) and low for total cholesterol (0.34) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (0.30). Sensitivity (>82%) and specificity (>90%) were high for CRP, glucose and hemoglobin A1c at selected clinical cut-points. Low sensitivity (<41%) and high specificity (>87%) were seen for total and HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: The hemoglobin A1c, glucose and CRP correlated well between DES and venous methods (r(2) > 0.80), but there was a poor correlation for total and HDL cholesterol (r(2) < 034). This resulted in low sensitivity of DBS methods for total and HDL cholesterol. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lacher, David A.; Berman, Lewis E.; Chen, Te-Ching; Porter, Kathryn S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Lacher, DA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM do12@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD JUN 25 PY 2013 VL 422 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2013.03.032 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 170ZP UT WOS:000320894400012 PM 23566929 ER PT J AU Carvalho, MDG Pimenta, FC Moura, I Roundtree, A Gertz, RE Li, ZY Jagero, G Bigogo, G Junghae, M Conklin, L Feikin, DR Breiman, RF Whitney, CG Beall, B AF Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Pimenta, Fabiana C. Moura, Iaci Roundtree, Alexis Gertz, Robert E., Jr. Li, Zhongya Jagero, Geofrey Bigogo, Godfrey Junghae, Muthoni Conklin, Laura Feikin, Daniel R. Breiman, Robert F. Whitney, Cynthia G. Beall, BernardW. TI Non-pneumococcal mitis-group streptococci confound detection of pneumococcal capsular serotype-specific loci in upper respiratory tract SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal serotype-specific loci; Mitis group streptococci; Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal flora; PCR for serotype deduction AB We performed culture-based and PCR-based tests for pneumococcal identification and serotyping from carriage specimens collected in rural and urban Kenya. Nasopharyngeal specimens from 237 healthy children <5 years old (C-NPs) and combined nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal specimens from 158 adults (A-NP/OPs, 118 HIV-positive) were assessed using pneumococcal isolation (following broth culture enrichment) with Quellung-based serotyping, real-time lytA-PCR, and conventional multiplexed PCR-serotyping (cmPCR). Culture-based testing from C-NPs, HIV-positive A-NP/OPs, and HIV-negative A-NP/OPs revealed 85.2%, 40.7%, and 12.5% pneumococcal carriage, respectively. In contrast, cmPCR serotypes were found in 93.2%, 98.3%, and 95.0% of these sets, respectively. Two of 16 lytA-negative C-NPs and 26 of 28 lytA-negative A-NP/OPs were cmPCR-positive for 1-10 serotypes (sts) or serogroups (sgs). A-NP/OPs averaged 5.5 cmPCR serotypes/serogroups (5.2 in HIV-positive, 7.1 in HIV-negative) and C-NPs averaged 1.5 cmPCR serotypes/serogroups. cmPCR serotypes/serogroups from lytA-negative A-NP/OPs included st2, st4, sg7F/7A, sg9N/9L, st10A, sg10F/10C/33C, st13, st17F, sg18C/18A/18B/18F, sg22F/22A, and st39. Nine strains of three nonpneumococcal species (S. oralis, S. mitis, and S. parasanguinis) (7 from A-OP, 1 from both A-NP and A-OP, and 1 from C-NP) were each cmPCR-positive for one of 7 serotypes/serogroups (st5, st13, sg15A/15F, sg10F/10C/33C, sg33F/33A/37, sg18C/18A/18B/18F, sg12F/12A/12B/44 = 46) with amplicons revealing 83.6-99.7% sequence identity to pneumococcal references. In total, 150 cmPCR amplicons from carriage specimens were sequenced, including 25 from lytA-negative specimens. Amplicon sequences derived from specimens yielding a pneumococcal isolate with the corresponding serotype were identical or highly conserved (>98.7%) with the reference cmPCR amplicon for the st, while cmPCR amplicons from lytA-negative specimens were generally more divergent. Separate testing of 56 A-OPs and 56 A-NPs revealed that similar to 94% of the positive cmPCR results from A-NP/OPs were from OP microbiota. In contrast, A-NPs yielded >2-fold more pneumococcal isolates than A-OPs. Verified and suspected non-pneumococcal cmPCR serotypes/serogroups appeared to be relatively rare in C-NPs and A-NPs compared to A-OPs. Our findings indicate that non-pneumococcal species can confound serotype-specific PCR and other sequence-based assays due to evolutionarily conserved genes most likely involved in biosynthesis of surface polysaccharide structures. C1 [Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Pimenta, Fabiana C.; Moura, Iaci; Roundtree, Alexis; Gertz, Robert E., Jr.; Li, Zhongya; Conklin, Laura; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Beall, BernardW.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jagero, Geofrey; Bigogo, Godfrey; Junghae, Muthoni; Feikin, Daniel R.; Breiman, Robert F.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Jagero, Geofrey; Bigogo, Godfrey; Junghae, Muthoni; Feikin, Daniel R.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JUN 25 PY 2013 VL 1 AR UNSP e97 DI 10.7717/peerj.97 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36BB UT WOS:000209187400004 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Flagg, EW Koutsky, L Hsu, K Unger, ER Shlay, JC Kerndt, P Ghanem, KG Zenilman, JM Hagensee, M Weinstock, H Datta, SD AF Chesson, Harrell W. Flagg, Elaine W. Koutsky, Laura Hsu, Katherine Unger, Elizabeth R. Shlay, Judith C. Kerndt, Peter Ghanem, Khalil G. Zenilman, Jonathan M. Hagensee, Michael Weinstock, Hillard Datta, S. Deblina TI Modeling the impact of quadrivalent HPV vaccination on the incidence of Pap test abnormalities in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HPV; HPV vaccine; Papanicolaou test; Vaccination effects ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; CERVICAL-CANCER; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; POTENTIAL HEALTH; INFECTION; IMMUNOGENICITY; POPULATION; PROGRAMS; BENEFITS AB Background: We present data on Pap test results and HPV prevalence from the HPV Sentinel Surveillance project, a multiyear surveillance project enrolling women from a diverse set of 26 clinics throughout the US from 2003 to 2005. We use mathematical modeling to illustrate the potential timing and magnitude of decreases in Pap test abnormalities in sexually transmitted disease (STD), family planning, and primary care clinics in the US as a result of HPV vaccination. Methods: The probability of an abnormal Pap result was based on three factors: (1) infection with HPV 16/18, or both; (2) infection with high-risk HPV types other than HPV 16/18; and (3) infection with HPV 6/11, or both. We estimated the relative reduction in the probability of an abnormal Pap result over the first 25 years of a female-only, quadrivalent HPV vaccination program, compared to a scenario of no HPV vaccination in which the probability of abnormal Pap results was assumed constant. Results: The probability of an abnormal Pap result ranged from 7.0% for the lowest risk group (those without any high-risk HPV types and without HPV 6/11) to 45.2% for the highest risk group (those with HPV 16/18 and at least one other high-risk HPV type). Estimated reductions in abnormal Pap results among women in the 21- to 29-year age group were 0.8%, 10.2%, and 11.3% in years 5, 15, and 25 of the vaccine program respectively, in the lower vaccine coverage scenario, and 7.4%, 21.4%, and 22.2%, respectively, in the higher coverage scenario. Conclusions: Our results suggest that HPV vaccination will have a discernable impact on the probability of Pap abnormalities, but the timing and magnitude of the reduction will depend substantially on vaccine coverage and the degree of cross-protection against high risk HPV types other than HPV 16/18. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Flagg, Elaine W.; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Weinstock, Hillard; Datta, S. Deblina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Koutsky, Laura] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hsu, Katherine] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Div STD Prevent, Boston, MA USA. [Shlay, Judith C.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Kerndt, Peter] Cty Los Angeles Dept Hlth Serv, STD Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ghanem, Khalil G.; Zenilman, Jonathan M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hagensee, Michael] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hbc7@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Merck FX Consultancies: M. Hagensee (Merck); Grants received: L. Koutsky (Merck). NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 29 BP 3019 EP 3024 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.051 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 178AW UT WOS:000321417500009 PM 23664991 ER PT J AU Geren, K Moore, E Tomlinson, C Hobohm, D Gardner, A Reardon-Maynard, D Gay, C Hightow-Weidman, LB Pandori, MW Moss, N Westheimer, E Tsoi, B Branson, BM Peters, PJ AF Geren, Kara Moore, Eric Tomlinson, Cheri Hobohm, Dan Gardner, Ann Reardon-Maynard, Deborah Gay, Cindy Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B. Pandori, Mark W. Moss, Nicholas Westheimer, Emily Tsoi, Benjamin Branson, Bernard M. Peters, Philip J. TI Detection of Acute HIV Infection in Two Evaluations of a New HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm - United States, 2011-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Geren, Kara; Moore, Eric; Tomlinson, Cheri; Hobohm, Dan] Maricopa Integrated Hlth Syst, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Gardner, Ann; Reardon-Maynard, Deborah] Univ N Carolina, Arizona Dept Hlth Svcs, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gay, Cindy; Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pandori, Mark W.; Moss, Nicholas] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Westheimer, Emily; Tsoi, Benjamin] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Branson, Bernard M.; Peters, Philip J.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Peters, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pjpeters@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 24 BP 489 EP 494 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GN UT WOS:000322180800002 ER PT J AU Spaulding, AC Bowden, CJ Kim, BI Mann, MC Miller, L Mustaafaa, GR Kyle, RP Leon, M Mbaba, MV Messina, LC Hampton, S MacGowan, R Reid, L Margolis, A Belcher, L AF Spaulding, Anne C. Bowden, Chava J. Kim, Bryan I. Mann, Mario C. Miller, Lesley Mustaafaa, Genetha R. Kyle, Ryan P. Leon, Michelle Mbaba, Mary V. Messina, Lauren C. Hampton, Sharne MacGowan, Robin Reid, Laurie Margolis, Andrew Belcher, Lisa TI Routine HIV Screening During Intake Medical Evaluation at a County - Jail Fulton County, Georgia, 2011-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION C1 [Spaulding, Anne C.; Bowden, Chava J.; Kim, Bryan I.; Mann, Mario C.; Miller, Lesley; Mustaafaa, Genetha R.; Kyle, Ryan P.; Leon, Michelle; Mbaba, Mary V.; Messina, Lauren C.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hampton, Sharne] Corizon Correct Healthcare, Brentwood, TN USA. [MacGowan, Robin; Reid, Laurie; Margolis, Andrew; Belcher, Lisa] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Spaulding, AC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM aspauld@emory.edu RI Kyle, Ryan/E-5718-2014 OI Kyle, Ryan/0000-0001-5829-9867 NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 24 BP 495 EP 497 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GN UT WOS:000322180800003 ER PT J AU Kerr, Y AF Kerr, Yinka TI The Global Polio Eradication Initiative Stop Transmission of Polio (STOP) Program-1999-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Kerr, Yinka] WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Kerr, Yinka] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kerr, Y (reprint author), WHO, Polio Eradicat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. EM yak2@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 24 BP 501 EP 503 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GN UT WOS:000322180800005 ER PT J AU Sharp, TM AF Sharp, Tyler M. TI Ongoing Dengue Epidemic - Angola, June 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Sharp, Tyler M.] WHO, Div Global HIV AIDS, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Geneva, Switzerland. [Sharp, Tyler M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsharp@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 62 IS 24 BP 504 EP 507 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188GN UT WOS:000322180800006 ER PT J AU Diaz, MH Waller, JL Napoliello, RA Islam, MS Wolff, BJ Burken, DJ Holden, RL Srinivasan, V Arvay, M McGee, L Oberste, MS Whitney, CG Schrag, SJ Winchell, JM Saha, SK AF Diaz, Maureen H. Waller, Jessica L. Napoliello, Rebecca A. Islam, Md. Shahidul Wolff, Bernard J. Burken, Daniel J. Holden, Rhiannon L. Srinivasan, Velusamy Arvay, Melissa McGee, Lesley Oberste, M. Steven Whitney, Cynthia G. Schrag, Stephanie J. Winchell, Jonas M. Saha, Samir K. TI Optimization of Multiple Pathogen Detection Using the TaqMan Array Card: Application for a Population-Based Study of Neonatal Infection SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CHILD-MORTALITY; BLOOD; DIAGNOSIS; ETIOLOGY; ASSAYS; DNA AB Identification of etiology remains a significant challenge in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, particularly in resource-poor settings. Viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, as well as parasites, play a role for many syndromes, and optimizing a single diagnostic system to detect a range of pathogens is challenging. The TaqMan Array Card (TAC) is a multiple-pathogen detection method that has previously been identified as a valuable technique for determining etiology of infections and holds promise for expanded use in clinical microbiology laboratories and surveillance studies. We selected TAC for use in the Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA) study for identifying etiologies of severe disease in neonates in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. Here we report optimization of TAC to improve pathogen detection and overcome technical challenges associated with use of this technology in a large-scale surveillance study. Specifically, we increased the number of assay replicates, implemented a more robust RT-qPCR enzyme formulation, and adopted a more efficient method for extraction of total nucleic acid from blood specimens. We also report the development and analytical validation of ten new assays for use in the ANISA study. Based on these data, we revised the study-specific TACs for detection of 22 pathogens in NP/OP swabs and 12 pathogens in blood specimens as well as two control reactions (internal positive control and human nucleic acid control) for each specimen type. The cumulative improvements realized through these optimization studies will benefit ANISA and perhaps other studies utilizing multiple-pathogen detection approaches. These lessons may also contribute to the expansion of TAC technology to the clinical setting. C1 [Diaz, Maureen H.; Waller, Jessica L.; Napoliello, Rebecca A.; Wolff, Bernard J.; Burken, Daniel J.; Holden, Rhiannon L.; Srinivasan, Velusamy; McGee, Lesley; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Schrag, Stephanie J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Islam, Md. Shahidul; Saha, Samir K.] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Arvay, Melissa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPPGH5307] FX This work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (http://www.gatesfoundation.org/) grant number OPPGH5307 to Child Health Research Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66183 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066183 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 170JP UT WOS:000320846500031 PM 23805203 ER PT J AU Staggs, SE Beckman, EM Keely, SP Mackwan, R Ware, MW Moyer, AP Ferretti, JA Abu Sayed Xiao, LH Villegas, EN AF Staggs, Sarah E. Beckman, Erin M. Keely, Scott P. Mackwan, Reena Ware, Michael W. Moyer, Alan P. Ferretti, James A. Abu Sayed Xiao, Lihua Villegas, Eric N. TI The Applicability of TaqMan-Based Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assays for Detecting and Enumerating Cryptosporidium spp. Oocysts in the Environment SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; N. SP APICOMPLEXA; WATER SAMPLES; SOURCE TRACKING; PARVUM; GENOTYPES; QUANTIFICATION; INFECTION; CUNICULUS; HOMINIS AB Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in clinical samples are increasingly being used to diagnose human cryptosporidiosis, but a parallel approach for detecting and identifying Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in surface water sources has yet to be established for current drinking water quality monitoring practices. It has been proposed that Cryptosporidium qPCR-based assays could be used as viable alternatives to current microscopic-based detection methods to quantify levels of oocysts in drinking water sources; however, data on specificity, analytical sensitivity, and the ability to accurately quantify low levels of oocysts are limited. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of TaqMan-based qPCR assays, which were developed for either clinical or environmental investigations, for detecting Cryptosporidium oocyst contamination in water. Ten different qPCR assays, six previously published and four developed in this study were analyzed for specificity and analytical sensitivity. Specificity varied between all ten assays, and in one particular assay, which targeted the Cryptosporidium 18S rRNA gene, successfully detected all Cryptosporidium spp. tested, but also cross-amplified T. gondii, fungi, algae, and dinoflagellates. When evaluating the analytical sensitivity of these qPCR assays, results showed that eight of the assays could reliably detect ten flow-sorted oocysts in reagent water or environmental matrix. This study revealed that while a qPCR-based detection assay can be useful for detecting and differentiating different Cryptosporidium species in environmental samples, it cannot accurately measure low levels of oocysts that are typically found in drinking water sources. C1 [Staggs, Sarah E.; Keely, Scott P.; Ware, Michael W.; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Beckman, Erin M.; Mackwan, Reena; Abu Sayed] Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Moyer, Alan P.; Villegas, Eric N.] Univ Cincinnati, McMicken Sch Arts & Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ferretti, James A.] US EPA, Edison, NJ USA. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Villegas, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM villegas.eric@epa.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number EP-D-06-096. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66562 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066562 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 170JP UT WOS:000320846500063 PM 23805235 ER PT J AU Kwambai, TK Dellicour, S Desai, M Ameh, CA Person, B Achieng, F Mason, L Laserson, KF ter Kuile, FO AF Kwambai, Titus K. Dellicour, Stephanie Desai, Meghna Ameh, Charles A. Person, Bobbie Achieng, Florence Mason, Linda Laserson, Kayla F. ter Kuile, Feiko O. TI Perspectives of men on antenatal and delivery care service utilisation in rural western Kenya: a qualitative study SO BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy; Antenatal care; Delivery care; Decision making; Male involvement ID MALE INVOLVEMENT; MATERNAL HEALTH; HOME DELIVERY; ATTENDANCE; DISTRICT; BIRTH; NEPAL; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; MORTALITY AB Background: Poor utilisation of facility-based antenatal and delivery care services in Kenya hampers reduction of maternal mortality. Studies suggest that the participation of men in antenatal and delivery care is associated with better health care seeking behaviour, yet many reproductive health programs do not facilitate their involvement. This qualitative study conducted in rural Western Kenya, explored men's perceptions of antenatal and delivery care services and identified factors that facilitated or constrained their involvement. Methods: Eight focus group discussions were conducted with 68 married men between 20-65 years of age in May 2011. Participants were of the Luo ethnic group residing in Asembo, western Kenya. The area has a high HIV-prevalence and polygamy is common. A topic guide was used to guide the discussions and a thematic framework approach for data analysis. Results: Overall, men were positive in their views of antenatal and delivery care, as decision makers they often encouraged, some even 'forced', their wives to attend for antenatal or delivery care. Many reasons why it was beneficial to accompany their wives were provided, yet few did this in practice unless there was a clinical complication. The three main barriers relating to cultural norms identified were: 1) pregnancy support was considered a female role; and the male role that of provider; 2) negative health care worker attitudes towards men's participation, and 3) couple unfriendly antenatal and delivery unit infrastructure. Conclusion: Although men reported to facilitate their wives' utilisation of antenatal and delivery care services, this does not translate to practice as adherence to antenatal-care schedules and facility based delivery is generally poor. Equally, reasons proffered why they should accompany their wives are not carried through into practice, with barriers outweighing facilitators. Recommendations to improve men involvement and potentially increase services utilisation include awareness campaigns targeting men, exploring promotion of joint HIV testing and counselling, staff training, and design of couple friendly antenatal and delivery units. C1 [Kwambai, Titus K.; Dellicour, Stephanie; Desai, Meghna; Achieng, Florence; Laserson, Kayla F.] KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kwambai, Titus K.] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kwambai, Titus K.; Dellicour, Stephanie; Ameh, Charles A.; ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Desai, Meghna; Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Person, Bobbie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mason, Linda] Univ Liverpool, Dept Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kwambai, TK (reprint author), KEMRI CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. EM tituskwambai@yahoo.com OI Ameh, Charles/0000-0002-2341-7605; ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU LSTM FX We thank the men of Asembo who participated in the study for their time and willingness to share their views and experiences. We are grateful for the dedicated performance of the KEMRI/CDC field staff J. Osewe, F. Okumu, George Aol, Jane Oiro and Tim. We thank GIZ health sector- Kenya for their financial support to Titus Kwambai during field work and we appreciate the contributions of Dr. Klaus Hornetz and Dr. Patricia Odera. This study was sponsored by the LSTM. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2393 J9 BMC PREGNANCY CHILDB JI BMC Pregnancy Childbirth PD JUN 21 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 134 DI 10.1186/1471-2393-13-134 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 168VA UT WOS:000320732700001 PM 23800139 ER PT J AU Abdulla, S Alonso, P Binka, F Graves, P Greenwood, B Leke, R Malik, E Marsh, K Meek, S Mendis, K Schapira, A Slutsker, L Tanner, M Valecha, N White, N Bosman, A Cibulskis, R D'Acremont, V D'Souza, B Lynch, M Mnzava, A Moorthy, V Newman, R Olumese, P Rietveld, A Ringwald, P AF Abdulla, Salim Alonso, Pedro Binka, Fred Graves, Patricia Greenwood, Brian Leke, Rose Malik, Elfatih Marsh, Kevin Meek, Sylvia Mendis, Kamini Schapira, Allan Slutsker, Laurence Tanner, Marcel Valecha, Neena White, Nicholas Bosman, Andrea Cibulskis, Richard D'Acremont, Valerie D'Souza, Bianca Lynch, Michael Mnzava, Abraham Moorthy, Vasee Newman, Robert Olumese, Peter Rietveld, Aafje Ringwald, Pascal CA WHO Malaria Policy Advisory TI Malaria Policy Advisory Committee to the WHO: conclusions and recommendations of March 2013 meeting SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE WHO; Malaria; Policy making; Treatment efficacy; Fever; Surveillance; Standards; Mosquito control; Malaria vaccines; Resource allocation; Disease elimination; Pregnancy; Prevention AB The Malaria Policy Advisory Committee to the World Health Organization met in Geneva, Switzerland from 13 to 15 March, 2013. This article provides a summary of the discussions, conclusions and recommendations from that meeting. Meeting sessions included: a review of the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy in Guyana and Suriname; the outcomes from a consultation on non-malaria febrile illness; the outcomes from the second meeting of the Evidence Review Group on malaria burden estimation; an update on the review of the WHO Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria; an update regarding progress on the constitution of the vector control Technical Expert Group; updates on the RTS, S/AS01 vaccine and the malaria vaccine technology roadmap; financing and resource allocation for malaria control; malaria surveillance and the need for a surveillance, monitoring and evaluation Technical Expert Group; criteria and classification related to malaria elimination; the next meeting of the Evidence Review Group on Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy; an update on the soon-to-be launched Elimination Scenario Planning Tool; and an update on the process for the Global Technical Strategy for Malaria Control and Elimination (2016-2025). Policy statements, position statements, and guidelines that arise from the MPAC meeting conclusions and recommendations will be formally issued and disseminated to World Health Organization Member States by the World Health Organization Global Malaria Programme. C1 [Abdulla, Salim] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Alonso, Pedro] Ctr Int Hlth & Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Binka, Fred] Univ Ghana, Accra, Ghana. [Graves, Patricia] James Cook Univ, Cairns, Australia. [Greenwood, Brian] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Leke, Rose] Univ Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Malik, Elfatih] Minist Hlth, Gezira, Sudan. [Marsh, Kevin] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kilifi, Kenya. [Meek, Sylvia] Malaria Consortium, London, England. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tanner, Marcel] Swiss Trop Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [Valecha, Neena] Natl Inst Malaria Res, New Delhi, India. [White, Nicholas] Mahidol Univ, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Bosman, Andrea; Cibulskis, Richard; D'Acremont, Valerie; D'Souza, Bianca; Lynch, Michael; Mnzava, Abraham; Newman, Robert; Olumese, Peter; Rietveld, Aafje; Ringwald, Pascal] World Hlth Org, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [D'Acremont, Valerie] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [D'Souza, Bianca] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Moorthy, Vasee] WHO Immunizat, Vaccines & Biol Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Abdulla, S (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Global Malaria Programme, 20 Ave Appia 27, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RI Graves, Patricia/J-8691-2014 OI Graves, Patricia/0000-0002-5215-3901 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; UK Department for International Development (DFID); United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the hard work of the many people who contributed to the background documents and other preparations for the MPAC meeting: WHO-GMP staff, in particular Kathryn Andrews; Peter Smith (Chair, JTEG and ERG MBE) from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Melanie Renshaw (Chair, VC TEG) from the African Leaders Malaria Alliance; David Kaslow from the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative; and David Smith from Johns Hopkins University and Andrew Tatum from the University of Southampton for their help in the development of the ESP toolkit. The authors also thank all the MPAC meeting participants and observers for their contributions during the meeting discussions. The MPAC process is supported in part by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the UK Department for International Development (DFID), and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to the WHO Global Malaria Programme. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 213 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-12-213 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 176OF UT WOS:000321313300001 ER PT J AU Koumans, EH Routh, JA Davis, MK AF Koumans, Emilia H. Routh, Janell A. Davis, Margarett K. TI Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Severe Malnutrition SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Koumans, Emilia H.; Routh, Janell A.; Davis, Margarett K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Koumans, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM exk0@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 20 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 25 BP 2435 EP 2435 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167AE UT WOS:000320601700024 PM 23782189 ER PT J AU Bowen, A Tauxe, RV AF Bowen, Anna Tauxe, Robert V. TI Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Severe Malnutrition SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID METAANALYSIS; HYGIENE C1 [Bowen, Anna; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bowen, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM abowen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 20 PY 2013 VL 368 IS 25 BP 2436 EP 2436 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167AE UT WOS:000320601700026 PM 23782191 ER PT J AU Gupta, M Lo, MK Spiropoulou, CF AF Gupta, Manisha Lo, Michael K. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Activation and cell death in human dendritic cells infected with Nipah virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nipah virus; Dendritic cells; Apoptosis; Activation markers ID MEASLES-VIRUS; T-CELLS; SEVERE ENCEPHALITIS; PARAMYXOVIRUS; BANGLADESH; APOPTOSIS; OUTBREAK; RECEPTOR; MALAYSIA; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION AB Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes pulmonary disease and encephalitis in humans with 40-70% fatality. Interactions between NiV and the human immune system remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate the effects of NiV infection on DC and T cell function. Using an in vitro system, we found that NiV infects and replicates at low levels in DCs and induces the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-8, and IP-10. NiV infection activates DCs, and upregulates the expression of CD40, CD80, and CD86. Also have reduced levels of bc12 and high levels of active caspase 3, suggesting the induction of apoptosis. DCs infected by NiV are unable to efficiently prime CD4 and CD8 T cells, but instead induce apoptosis in T cells. Interestingly, DCs treated with inactivated NiV also show signs of apoptosis. These findings indicate that NiV infected DCs could play an important role in NiV pathogenesis. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gupta, Manisha; Lo, Michael K.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, NCEZID, DHCPP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gupta, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, NCEZID, DHCPP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM manishagopi@gmail.com OI Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 20 PY 2013 VL 441 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.viro1.2013.03.004 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 147PU UT WOS:000319180300007 PM 23587249 ER PT J AU Kostova, D Reed, C Finelli, L Cheng, PY Gargiullo, PM Shay, DK Singleton, JA Meltzer, MI Lu, PJ Bresee, JS AF Kostova, Deliana Reed, Carrie Finelli, Lyn Cheng, Po-Yung Gargiullo, Paul M. Shay, David K. Singleton, James A. Meltzer, Martin I. Lu, Peng-Jun Bresee, Joseph S. TI Influenza Illness and Hospitalizations Averted by Influenza Vaccination in the United States, 2005-2011 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VACCINES; POPULATION; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; ADULTS; PREVENTION; PNEUMONIA; FAILURE AB Context: The goal of influenza vaccination programs is to reduce influenza-associated disease outcomes. Therefore, estimating the reduced burden of influenza as a result of vaccination over time and by age group would allow for a clear understanding of the value of influenza vaccines in the US, and of areas where improvements could lead to greatest benefits. Objective: To estimate the direct effect of influenza vaccination in the US in terms of averted number of cases, medically-attended cases, and hospitalizations over six recent influenza seasons. Design: Using existing surveillance data, we present a method for assessing the impact of influenza vaccination where impact is defined as either the number of averted outcomes or as the prevented disease fraction (the number of cases estimated to have been averted relative to the number of cases that would have occurred in the absence of vaccination). Results: We estimated that during our 6-year study period, the number of influenza illnesses averted by vaccination ranged from a low of approximately 1.1 million (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6-1.7 million) during the 2006-2007 season to a high of 5 million (CI 2.9-8.6 million) during the 2010-2011 season while the number of averted hospitalizations ranged from a low of 7,700 (CI 3,700-14,100) in 2009-2010 to a high of 40,400 (CI 20,800-73,000) in 2010-2011. Prevented fractions varied across age groups and over time. The highest prevented fraction in the study period was observed in 2010-2011, reflecting the post-pandemic expansion of vaccination coverage. Conclusions: Influenza vaccination programs in the US produce a substantial health benefit in terms of averted cases, clinic visits and hospitalizations. Our results underscore the potential for additional disease prevention through increased vaccination coverage, particularly among nonelderly adults, and increased vaccine effectiveness, particularly among the elderly. C1 [Kostova, Deliana; Reed, Carrie; Finelli, Lyn; Cheng, Po-Yung; Gargiullo, Paul M.; Shay, David K.; Bresee, Joseph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singleton, James A.; Lu, Peng-Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Enter & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kostova, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kiv0@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 NR 32 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66312 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066312 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 190ST UT WOS:000322361200067 PM 23840439 ER PT J AU Williams, WW Lu, PJ Saraiya, M Yankey, D Dorell, C Rodriguez, JL Kepka, D Markowitz, LE AF Williams, Walter W. Lu, Peng-Jun Saraiya, Mona Yankey, David Dorell, Christina Rodriguez, Juan L. Kepka, Deanna Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Factors associated with human papillomavirus vaccination among young adult women in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus; HPV vaccine; Cervical cancer; Pap smear; Vaccination; Adult vaccination ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; CERVICAL-CANCER; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; SCREENING GUIDELINES; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; MANAGED CARE; SELF-REPORT; COVERAGE AB Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended to protect against HPV-related diseases. Objective: To estimate HPV vaccine coverage and assess factors associated with vaccine awareness, initiation and receipt of 3 doses among women age 18-30 years. Methods: Data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed to assess associations of HPV vaccination among women age 18-26 (n = 1866) and 27-30 years (n=1028) with previous HPV exposure, cervical cancer screening and selected demographic, health care and behavioral characteristics using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Overall, 23.2% of women age 18-26 and 6.7% of women age 27-30 years reported receiving at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine. In multivariable analyses among women age 18-26 years, not being married, having a regular physician, seeing a physician or obstetrician/gynecologist in the past year, influenza vaccination in the past year, and receipt of other recommended vaccines were associated with HPV vaccination. One-third of unvaccinated women age 18-26 years (n=490) were interested in receiving HPV vaccine. Among women who were not interested in receiving HPV vaccine (n = 920), the main reasons reported included: not needing the vaccine (41.3%); concerns about safety of the vaccine (12.5%); not knowing enough about the vaccine (11.9%); not being sexually active (8.2%); a doctor not recommending the vaccine (7.6%); and already having HPV (2.7%). Among women with health insurance, 10 or more physician contacts within the past year and no contraindications, 74.5% reported not receiving HPV vaccine. Conclusions: HPV vaccination coverage among women age 18-26 years remains low. Opportunities to vaccinate are missed. Healthcare providers can play an important role in educating young women about HPV and encouraging vaccination. Successful public health and educational interventions will need to address physician attitudes and practice patterns and other factors that influence vaccination behaviors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Williams, Walter W.; Lu, Peng-Jun; Yankey, David; Dorell, Christina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Saraiya, Mona; Rodriguez, Juan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kepka, Deanna] Univ Utah, Huntsman Canc Inst, Coll Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kepka, Deanna] Univ Utah, Huntsman Canc Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Williams, WW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM www.1@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 19 PY 2013 VL 31 IS 28 BP 2937 EP 2946 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.04.041 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 175KW UT WOS:000321230600005 PM 23643629 ER PT J AU Patel, MM Patzi, M Pastor, D Nina, A Roca, Y Alvarez, L Iniguez, V Rivera, R Tam, KI Quaye, O Bowen, M Parashar, U De Oliveira, LH AF Patel, Manish M. Patzi, Maritza Pastor, Desiree Nina, Aleida Roca, Yelin Alvarez, Leovigildo Iniguez, Volga Rivera, Rosario Tam, Ka Ian Quaye, Osbourne Bowen, Michael Parashar, Umesh De Oliveira, Lucia Helena TI Effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine in Bolivia: case-control study SO BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID 1ST 2 YEARS; SEVERE DIARRHEA; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; EFFICACY; GASTROENTERITIS; SAFETY; SURVEILLANCE; NICARAGUA; CHILDREN AB Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of two doses of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) against hospital admission for rotavirus in Bolivia. Design Case-control study. Setting Six hospitals in Bolivia, between March 2010 and June 2011. Participants 400 hospital admissions for rotavirus, 1200 non-diarrhea hospital controls, and 718 rotavirus negative hospital controls. Main outcome measures Odds of antecedent vaccination between case patients and controls; effectiveness of vaccination ((1-adjusted odds ratio) x100), adjusted for age and other confounders; and stratified effectiveness by dose, disease severity, age group, and serotype. Results In comparison with non-diarrhea controls, case patients were more likely to be male and attend day care but less likely to have chronic underlying illness, higher level maternal education, and telephones and computers in their home. Rotavirus negative controls were somewhat more similar to case patients but also were more likely to be male and attend day care and less likely to have higher level maternal education and computers in their homes. The adjusted effectiveness of RV1 against hospital admission for rotavirus was 69% (95% confidence interval 54% to 79%) with rotavirus negative controls and 77% (65% to 84%) with non-diarrhea controls. The effectiveness of one dose of RV1 was 36% and 56%, respectively. With both control groups, protection was sustained through two years of life, with similar efficacy against hospital admission among children under 1 year (64% and 77%) and over 1 year of age (72% and 76%). RV1 provided significant protection against diverse serotypes, partially and fully heterotypic to the G1P[8] vaccine. Effectiveness using the two control groups was 80% and 85% against G9P[8], 74% and 93%% against G3P[8], 59% and 69% against G2P[4], and 80% and 87% against G9P[6] strains. Conclusion The monovalent rotavirus vaccine conferred high protection against hospital admission for diarrhea due to rotavirus in Bolivian children. Protection was sustained through two years of life against diverse serotypes different from the vaccine strain. C1 [Patel, Manish M.; Tam, Ka Ian; Quaye, Osbourne; Bowen, Michael; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Team, DVD, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patzi, Maritza] Minist Salud, La Paz, Bolivia. [Pastor, Desiree] PanAmer Hlth Org, La Paz, Bolivia. [Nina, Aleida] Minist Salud & Deportes, Virol Lab, INLASA, La Paz, Bolivia. [Roca, Yelin] CENETROP, Natl Reference Lab, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Alvarez, Leovigildo] Virol Lab, Cochababma, Bolivia. [Iniguez, Volga; Rivera, Rosario] Univ Mayor San Andres, Inst Biol Mol & Biotecnol, La Paz, Bolivia. [De Oliveira, Lucia Helena] PanAmer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Team, DVD, NCIRD, MS A34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Aul3@CDC.GOV FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH); Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI) FX Support for this project was provided by the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of GAVI or PATH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1756-1833 J9 BMJ-BRIT MED J JI BMJ-British Medical Journal PD JUN 19 PY 2013 VL 346 AR f3726 DI 10.1136/bmj.f3726 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 171QB UT WOS:000320943000003 PM 23783434 ER PT J AU Foltz, JL Makumbi, I Sejvar, JJ Malimbo, M Ndyomugyenyi, R Atai-Omoruto, AD Alexander, LN Abang, B Melstrom, P Kakooza, AM Olara, D Downing, RG Nutman, TB Dowell, SF Lwamafa, DKW AF Foltz, Jennifer L. Makumbi, Issa Sejvar, James J. Malimbo, Mugagga Ndyomugyenyi, Richard Atai-Omoruto, Anne Deborah Alexander, Lorraine N. Abang, Betty Melstrom, Paul Kakooza, Angelina M. Olara, Dennis Downing, Robert G. Nutman, Thomas B. Dowell, Scott F. Lwamafa, D. K. W. TI An Epidemiologic Investigation of Potential Risk Factors for Nodding Syndrome in Kitgum District, Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION; ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS; SOUTHERN SUDAN; EPILEPSY; TANZANIA; SEIZURES AB Introduction: Nodding Syndrome (NS), an unexplained illness characterized by spells of head bobbing, has been reported in Sudan and Tanzania, perhaps as early as 1962. Hypothesized causes include sorghum consumption, measles, and onchocerciasis infection. In 2009, a couple thousand cases were reportedly in Northern Uganda. Methods: In December 2009, we identified cases in Kitgum District. The case definition included persons who were previously developmentally normal who had nodding. Cases, further defined as 5- to 15-years-old with an additional neurological deficit, were matched to village controls to assess risk factors and test biological specimens. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. Results: Surveillance identified 224 cases; most (95%) were 5-15-years-old (range = 2-27). Cases were reported in Uganda since 1997. The overall prevalence was 12 cases per 1,000 (range by parish = 0.6-46). The case-control investigation (n = 49 case/village control pairs) showed no association between NS and previously reported measles; sorghum was consumed by most subjects. Positive onchocerciasis serology [age-adjusted odds ratio (AOR(1)) = 14.4 (2.7, 78.3)], exposure to munitions [AOR(1)= 13.9 (1.4, 135.3)], and consumption of crushed roots [AOR(1)= 5.4 (1.3, 22.1)] were more likely in cases. Vitamin B6 deficiency was present in the majority of cases (84%) and controls (75%). Conclusion: NS appears to be increasing in Uganda since 2000 with 2009 parish prevalence as high as 46 cases per 1,000 5 to 15-year old children. Our results found no supporting evidence for many proposed NS risk factors, revealed association with onchocerciasis, which for the first time was examined with serologic testing, and raised nutritional deficiencies and toxic exposures as possible etiologies. C1 [Foltz, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Makumbi, Issa; Malimbo, Mugagga; Ndyomugyenyi, Richard; Atai-Omoruto, Anne Deborah; Lwamafa, D. K. W.] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alexander, Lorraine N.; Abang, Betty; Olara, Dennis; Downing, Robert G.] Centers Dis Control & Prevent Uganda, Div Global HIV AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. [Melstrom, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kakooza, Angelina M.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Nutman, Thomas B.] NIH, Parasit Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Foltz, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jfoltz@cdc.gov FU CDC; WHO; MoH Uganda for public health investigations FX The investigation was supported with resources available from CDC, WHO, and MoH Uganda for public health investigations. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66419 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066419 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 166SA UT WOS:000320576400106 PM 23823012 ER PT J AU Leder, K Libman, MD Sotir, MJ AF Leder, Karin Libman, Michael D. Sotir, Mark J. TI Illness in Returned Travelers IN RESPONSE SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Leder, Karin] Royal Melbourne Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Leder, Karin] Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Libman, Michael D.] McGill Univ, Ctr Trop Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Leder, K (reprint author), Royal Melbourne Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. OI Leder, Karin/0000-0003-1368-1039 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 18 PY 2013 VL 158 IS 12 BP 924 EP 924 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-158-12-201306180-00021 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167PW UT WOS:000320645000030 PM 23778920 ER PT J AU Havelaar, AH Cawthorne, A Angulo, F Bellinger, D Corrigan, T Cravioto, A Gibb, H Hald, T Ehiri, J Kirk, M Lake, R Praet, N Speybroeck, N de Silva, N Stein, C Torgerson, P Kuchenmueller, T AF Havelaar, Arie H. Cawthorne, Amy Angulo, Fred Bellinger, David Corrigan, Tim Cravioto, Alejandro Gibb, Herman Hald, Tine Ehiri, John Kirk, Maryn Lake, Rob Praet, Nicolas Speybroeck, Niko de Silva, Nilanthi Stein, Claudia Torgerson, Paul Kuchenmueller, Tanja CA Foodborne Dis Burden Epidemiology TI WHO Initiative to Estimate the Global Burden of Foodborne Diseases SO LANCET LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Global Health Metrics and Evaluation Conference CY JUN 17-19, 2013 CL Seattle, WA C1 [Havelaar, Arie H.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Havelaar, Arie H.] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Cawthorne, Amy; Corrigan, Tim] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Stein, Claudia; Kuchenmueller, Tanja] World Hlth Org, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Angulo, Fred] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bellinger, David] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Cravioto, Alejandro] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. [Gibb, Herman] Tetra Tech Sci, Arlington, VA USA. [Hald, Tine] Tech Univ Denmark, Soborg, Denmark. [Ehiri, John] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Kirk, Maryn] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Lake, Rob] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Praet, Nicolas] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Speybroeck, Niko] Univ Catholique Louvain la neuve, Brussels, Belgium. [de Silva, Nilanthi] Univ Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Torgerson, Paul] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. EM arie.havelaar@rivm.nl RI Hald, Tine/B-5477-2016 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 17 PY 2013 VL 381 SU 2 BP 59 EP 59 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 300GH UT WOS:000330451900059 ER PT J AU Hershey, C Ali, D Florey, L Bennett, A Luhanga, M Oyugi, J Ye, Y Jenda, G Nielsen, C Salgado, R Mathanga, D Bhattarai, A AF Hershey, Christine Ali, Doreen Florey, Lia Bennett, Adam Luhanga, Misheck Oyugi, Jessica Ye, Yazoume Jenda, Gomezgani Nielsen, Carrie Salgado, Rene Mathanga, Don Bhattarai, Achuyt TI Secondary analysis of national and subnational survey data to evaluate the impact of the scale-up of malaria control interventions in Malawi, 2000-10 SO LANCET LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Global Health Metrics and Evaluation Conference CY JUN 17-19, 2013 CL Seattle, WA C1 [Hershey, Christine; Salgado, Rene] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Ali, Doreen; Luhanga, Misheck] Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Florey, Lia; Ye, Yazoume] ICF Int, Calverton, MD USA. [Bennett, Adam] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Oyugi, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Jenda, Gomezgani] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Presidents, Malawi. [Nielsen, Carrie; Bhattarai, Achuyt] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mathanga, Don] Malawi Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. EM chershey@usaid.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 17 PY 2013 VL 381 SU 2 BP 60 EP 60 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 300GH UT WOS:000330451900060 ER PT J AU Kiwanuka, N Stover, B Lim, T Makumbi, F Luboga, S Mukooyo, E Wood, AS Hagopian, A Borse, N Sheppard, L Barnhart, S AF Kiwanuka, Noah Stover, Bert Lim, Travis Makumbi, Fred Luboga, Sam Mukooyo, Eddie Wood, Angela S. Hagopian, Amy Borse, Nagesh Sheppard, Lianne Barnhart, Scott TI Did PEPFAR funding affect non-HIV health indicators? Longitudinal study of facility-based baby deliveries in Uganda, 2005-10 SO LANCET LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Global Health Metrics and Evaluation Conference CY JUN 17-19, 2013 CL Seattle, WA C1 [Kiwanuka, Noah; Makumbi, Fred; Luboga, Sam] Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Stover, Bert; Wood, Angela S.; Hagopian, Amy; Sheppard, Lianne; Barnhart, Scott] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98118 USA. [Lim, Travis; Borse, Nagesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mukooyo, Eddie] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. EM hagopian@uw.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 17 PY 2013 VL 381 SU 2 BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 300GH UT WOS:000330451900074 ER PT J AU Rajan, D Gaston, KA McCracken, CE Erdman, DD Anderson, LJ AF Rajan, Devi Gaston, Kelsey A. McCracken, Courtney E. Erdman, Dean D. Anderson, Larry J. TI Response to Rhinovirus Infection by Human Airway Epithelial Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in an In Vitro Two-Chamber Tissue Culture System SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS; MONOCYTIC CELLS; RECEPTOR; CHILDREN; RELEASE; REPLICATION; EXPRESSION; SEROTYPES; CYTOKINES; ALPHA AB Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are associated with the common cold, occasionally with more serious lower respiratory tract illnesses, and frequently with asthma exacerbations. The clinical features of HRV infection and its association with asthma exacerbation suggest that some HRV disease results from virus-induced host immune responses to infection. To study the HRV-infection-induced host responses and the contribution of these responses to disease, we have developed an in vitro model of HRV infection of human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3 cells) and subsequent exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to these infected cells in a two-chamber trans-well tissue culture system. Using this model, we studied HRV 14 (species B) and HRV 16 (species A) induced cytokine and chemokine responses with PBMCs from four healthy adults. Infection of Calu-3 cells with either virus induced HRV-associated increases in FGF-Basic, IL-15, IL-6, IL-28A, ENA-78 and IP-10. The addition of PBMCs to HRV 14-infected cells gave significant increases in MIP-1 beta, IL-28A, MCP-2, and IFN-alpha as compared with mock-infected cells. Interestingly, ENA-78 levels were reduced in HRV 14 infected cells that were exposed to PBMCs. Addition of PBMCs to HRV 16-infected cells did not induce MIP-1 beta, IL-28A and IFN-alpha efficiently nor did it decrease ENA-78 levels. Our results demonstrate a clear difference between HRV 14 and HRV 16 and the source of PBMCs, in up or down regulation of several cytokines including those that are linked to airway inflammation. Such differences might be one of the reasons for variation in disease associated with different HRV species including variation in their link to asthma exacerbations as suggested by other studies. Further study of immune responses associated with different HRVs and PBMCs from different patient groups, and the mechanisms leading to these differences, should help characterize pathogenesis of HRV disease and generate novel approaches to its treatment. C1 [Rajan, Devi; Gaston, Kelsey A.; McCracken, Courtney E.; Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rajan, Devi; Gaston, Kelsey A.; McCracken, Courtney E.; Anderson, Larry J.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anderson, LJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM larry.anderson@emory.edu FU Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; immunology core of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta FX This work was supported in part by funding provided by Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the work partly supported by the immunology core of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 17 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 6 AR e66600 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0066600 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 177TH UT WOS:000321397800040 PM 23799120 ER PT J AU Choopanya, K Martin, M Suntharasamai, P Sangkum, U Mock, PA Leethochawalit, M Chiamwongpaet, S Kitisin, P Natrujirote, P Kittimunkong, S Chuachoowong, R Gvetadze, RJ McNicholl, JM Paxton, LA Curlin, ME Hendrix, CW Vanichseni, S AF Choopanya, Kachit Martin, Michael Suntharasamai, Pravan Sangkum, Udomsak Mock, Philip A. Leethochawalit, Manoj Chiamwongpaet, Sithisat Kitisin, Praphan Natrujirote, Pitinan Kittimunkong, Somyot Chuachoowong, Rutt Gvetadze, Roman J. McNicholl, Janet M. Paxton, Lynn A. Curlin, Marcel E. Hendrix, Craig W. Vanichseni, Suphak CA Bangkok Tenofovir Study Grp TI Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV infection in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand (the Bangkok Tenofovir Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; INTERIM GUIDANCE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; RENAL SAFETY; PREVENTION; TRANSMISSION; MACAQUES; VACCINE AB Background Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis reduces sexual transmission of HIV. We assessed whether daily oral use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir), an antiretroviral, can reduce HIV transmission in injecting drug users. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled volunteers from 17 drug-treatment clinics in Bangkok, Thailand. Participants were eligible if they were aged 20-60 years, were HIV-negative, and reported injecting drugs during the previous year. We randomly assigned participants (1: 1; blocks of four) to either tenofovir or placebo using a computer-generated randomisation sequence. Participants chose either daily directly observed treatment or monthly visits and could switch at monthly visits. Participants received monthly HIV testing and individualised risk-reduction and adherence counselling, blood safety assessments every 3 months, and were offered condoms and methadone treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was HIV infection, analysed by modified intention-to-treat analysis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00119106. Findings Between June 9, 2005, and July 22, 2010, we enrolled 2413 participants, assigning 1204 to tenofovir and 1209 to placebo. Two participants had HIV at enrolment and 50 became infected during follow-up: 17 in the tenofovir group (an incidence of 0.35 per 100 person-years) and 33 in the placebo group (0.68 per 100 person-years), indicating a 48.9% reduction in HIV incidence (95% CI 9.6-72.2; p=0.01). The occurrence of serious adverse events was much the same between the two groups (p=0.35). Nausea was more common in participants in the tenofovir group than in the placebo group (p=0.002). Interpretation In this study, daily oral tenofovir reduced the risk of HIV infection in people who inject drugs. Pre-exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir can now be considered for use as part of an HIV prevention package for people who inject drugs. C1 [Choopanya, Kachit; Suntharasamai, Pravan; Sangkum, Udomsak; Vanichseni, Suphak] Bangkok Tenofovir Study Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Martin, Michael; Mock, Philip A.; Chuachoowong, Rutt; McNicholl, Janet M.; Curlin, Marcel E.] Thailand Minist Publ Health, US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Martin, Michael; Gvetadze, Roman J.; McNicholl, Janet M.; Paxton, Lynn A.; Curlin, Marcel E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leethochawalit, Manoj; Chiamwongpaet, Sithisat; Kitisin, Praphan; Natrujirote, Pitinan] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. [Kittimunkong, Somyot] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Hendrix, Craig W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Martin, M (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, DDC 7 Bldg,4th Floor,Soi 4, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM Znd9@cdc.gov RI Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014 OI Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Bangkok Metropolitan Administration; Gilead Sciences FX US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration.; CWH reports receiving grant support from Gilead Sciences. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. NR 34 TC 355 Z9 364 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 381 IS 9883 BP 2083 EP 2090 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61127-7 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 171KA UT WOS:000320924800030 PM 23769234 ER PT J AU Davis, MD Wade, EL Restrepo, PR Roman-Esteva, W Bravo, R Kuklenyik, P Calafat, AM AF Davis, Mark D. Wade, Erin L. Restrepo, Paula R. Roman-Esteva, William Bravo, Roberto Kuklenyik, Peter Calafat, Antonia M. TI Semi-automated solid phase extraction method for the mass spectrometric quantification of 12 specific metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids, and select herbicides in human urine SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Herbicides; LC-MS; Organophosphate insecticides; Pesticide metabolites; Pyrethroids ID 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; EXPOSURE; INSECTICIDES; CHILDREN; CHLORPYRIFOS; HEALTH; 2,4-D AB Organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides and phenoxyacetic acid herbicides represent important classes of pesticides applied in commercial and residential settings. Interest in assessing the extent of human exposure to these pesticides exists because of their widespread use and their potential adverse health effects. An analytical method for measuring 12 biomarkers of several of these pesticides in urine has been developed. The target analytes were extracted from one milliliter of urine by a semi-automated solid phase extraction technique, separated from each other and from other urinary biomolecules by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and detected using tandem mass spectrometry with isotope dilution quantitation. This method can be used to measure all the target analytes in one injection with similar repeatability and detection limits of previous methods which required more than one injection. Each step of the procedure was optimized to produce a robust, reproducible, accurate, precise and efficient method. The required selectivity and sensitivity for trace-level analysis (e.g., limits of detection below 0.5 ng/mL) was achieved using a narrow diameter analytical column, higher than unit mass resolution for certain analytes, and stable isotope labeled internal standards. The method was applied to the analysis of 55 samples collected from adult anonymous donors with no known exposure to the target pesticides. This efficient and cost-effective method is adequate to handle the large number of samples required for national biomonitoring surveys. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Davis, Mark D.; Wade, Erin L.; Restrepo, Paula R.; Roman-Esteva, William; Bravo, Roberto; Kuklenyik, Peter; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Davis, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msd7@cdc.gov FU National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences FX This research was supported, in part, by an appointment (E.L.W.) to the Research Participation Program at the National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 929 BP 18 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.005 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 159ZH UT WOS:000320085300004 PM 23648311 ER PT J AU Kalb, SR Baudys, J Webb, RP Wright, P Smith, TJ Smith, LA Fernandez, R Raphael, BH Maslanka, SE Barr, JR AF Kalb, S. R. Baudys, J. Webb, R. P. Wright, P. Smith, T. J. Smith, L. A. Fernandez, R. Raphael, B. H. Maslanka, S. E. Barr, J. R. TI Discovery of a novel enzymatic cleavage site for botulinum neurotoxin F5 SO TOXICON LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th International Conference on Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins (TOXINS) CY OCT 02-05, 2011 CL Santa Fe, NM C1 [Kalb, S. R.; Baudys, J.; Barr, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Webb, R. P.; Wright, P.; Smith, T. J.] USA, Integrated Toxicol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Smith, T. J.] Med Res & Mat Command, Off Chief Scientist, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Fernandez, R.] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Fac Ciencias Med, Area Micro Biol, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Raphael, B. H.; Maslanka, S. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM skalb@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 68 BP 76 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.059 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 159VN UT WOS:000320075500047 ER PT J AU Parks, BA Shearer, JD Baudys, J Kalb, SR Sanford, DC Barr, JR AF Parks, B. A. Shearer, J. D. Baudys, J. Kalb, S. R. Sanford, D. C. Barr, J. R. TI Enzymatic activity quantification of botulinum neurotoxins A and B in serum by mass spectrometry SO TOXICON LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th International Conference on Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins (TOXINS) CY OCT 02-05, 2011 CL Santa Fe, NM C1 [Parks, B. A.; Baudys, J.; Kalb, S. R.; Barr, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shearer, J. D.] DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, Frederick, MD USA. [Sanford, D. C.] Battelle Biomed Res Ctr, West Jefferson, OH USA. EM iej7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 68 BP 93 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.097 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 159VN UT WOS:000320075500085 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Lautenschlager, M Kohler, A Pai, S Parks, BA Kalb, S Maslanka, S Shah, S Magnuson, M Hill, V AF Raphael, B. H. Lautenschlager, M. Kohler, A. Pai, S. Parks, B. A. Kalb, S. Maslanka, S. Shah, S. Magnuson, M. Hill, V. TI Recovery and detection of botulinum toxin type A from drinking water SO TOXICON LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th International Conference on Basic and Therapeutic Aspects of Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins (TOXINS) CY OCT 02-05, 2011 CL Santa Fe, NM C1 [Raphael, B. H.; Lautenschlager, M.; Kohler, A.; Pai, S.; Maslanka, S.; Hill, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parks, B. A.; Kalb, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, S.; Magnuson, M.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM braphael@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 68 BP 94 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.100 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 159VN UT WOS:000320075500088 ER PT J AU Levy, JW Cowling, BJ Simmerman, JM Olsen, SJ Fang, VJ Suntarattiwong, P Jarman, RG Klick, B Chotipitayasunondh, T AF Levy, Jens W. Cowling, Benjamin J. Simmerman, James M. Olsen, Sonja J. Fang, Vicky J. Suntarattiwong, Piyarat Jarman, Richard G. Klick, Brendan Chotipitayasunondh, Tawee TI The Serial Intervals of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Viruses in Households in Bangkok, Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human; influenza; Thailand ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; A H1N1 VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; OUTBREAK; PATTERNS; GERMANY; SCHOOL AB The serial interval (SI) of human influenza virus infections is often described by a single distribution. Understanding sources of variation in the SI could provide valuable information for understanding influenza transmission dynamics. Using data from a randomized household study of nonpharmaceutical interventions to prevent influenza transmission in Bangkok, Thailand, over 34 months between 2008 and 2011, we estimated the influence of influenza virus type/subtype and other characteristics of 251 pediatric index cases and their 315 infected household contacts on estimates of household SI. The mean SI for all households was 3.3 days. Relative to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (3.1 days), the SI for influenza B (3.7 days) was 22 longer (95 confidence interval: 4, 43), or about half a day. The SIs for influenza viruses A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) were similar to that for A(H1N1)pdm09. SIs were shortest for older index cases (age 1114 years) and for younger infected household contacts (age 15 years). Greater time spent in proximity to the index child was associated with shorter SIs. Differences in the SI might reflect differences in incubation period, viral shedding, contact, or susceptibility. These findings could improve parameterization of mathematical models to better predict the impact of epidemic or pandemic influenza mitigation strategies. C1 [Levy, Jens W.; Simmerman, James M.; Olsen, Sonja J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Health, Influenza Program, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Levy, Jens W.; Simmerman, James M.; Olsen, Sonja J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Health, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Cowling, Benjamin J.; Fang, Vicky J.; Klick, Brendan] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Simmerman, James M.; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suntarattiwong, Piyarat; Chotipitayasunondh, Tawee] Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Dept Pediat, Bangkok, Thailand. [Jarman, Richard G.] US Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Levy, JW (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Health, Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control Bldg 7, Soi 4,Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM jenslevy@gmail.com RI Cowling, Benjamin/C-4263-2009 OI Cowling, Benjamin/0000-0002-6297-7154 FU Department of Medical Sciences, Thailand Ministry of Public Health; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U51IP000345]; Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [U54 GM088558]; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center FX This work was supported by funding from the Department of Medical Sciences, Thailand Ministry of Public Health, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Cooperative Agreement 5U51IP000345). Benjamin J. Cowling was supported by the Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (grant U54 GM088558). Richard G. Jarman received funding from the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, a Division of the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, for a portion of the laboratory work. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 IS 12 BP 1443 EP 1451 DI 10.1093/aje/kws402 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 159RF UT WOS:000320062700013 PM 23629874 ER PT J AU Tangka, FK Trogdon, JG Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Nwaise, I Orenstein, D AF Tangka, Florence K. Trogdon, Justin G. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Nwaise, Isaac Orenstein, Diane TI State-level cancer treatment costs SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cost of illness; payer; cancer; state cancer cost; state cancer cost by payer ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BREAST-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; CARE; BURDEN; MODELS; TIME AB BACKGROUND Cancer treatment accounts for approximately 5% of national health expenditures. However, no state-level estimates of cancer treatment costs have been published. METHODS In analyses of data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the National Nursing Home Survey, the US Census Bureau, the Current Population Survey, and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, this study used regression modeling to estimate annual state-level cancer care costs during 2004 to 2008 for 4 categories of payers: all payers, Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance. RESULTS State-level cancer care costs ranged from $227 million to $13.6 billion (median=$2.0 billion) in 2010 dollars. Medicare paid between 25.1% and 36.1% of these costs (median=32.5%); private insurance paid between 36.0% and 49.6% (median=43.3%); and Medicaid paid between 2.0% and 8.8% (median=4.8%). Cancer treatment accounted for 3.8% to 8.7% of all state-level medical expenditures (median=7.0%), 8.5% to 15.0% of state-level Medicare expenditures (median=10.6%), 1.0% to 4.9% of state-level Medicaid expenditures (median=2.2%), and 5.5% to 10.9% of state-level private insurance expenditures (median=8.7%). CONCLUSIONS The costs of cancer treatment were substantial in all states and accounted for a sizable fraction of medical expenditures for all payers. The high cost of cancer treatment underscores the importance of preventing and controlling cancer as one approach to manage state-level medical costs. Cancer 2013;119:2309-2316. (c) 2013 American Cancer Society. C1 [Tangka, Florence K.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Nwaise, Isaac] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Orenstein, Diane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tangka, FK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DCPC EARB, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ftangka@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2008-27958] FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2008-27958, task order 0015). NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 119 IS 12 BP 2309 EP 2316 DI 10.1002/cncr.27992 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 157CA UT WOS:000319871800017 PM 23559348 ER PT J AU Talbot, HK Zhu, YW Chen, QX Williams, JV Thompson, MG Griffin, MR AF Talbot, H. Keipp Zhu, Yuwei Chen, Qingxia Williams, John V. Thompson, Mark G. Griffin, Marie R. TI Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Adults, 2011-2012 Influenza Season SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccine; older adults; effectiveness ID UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY AB During the 2011-2012 influenza season, we enrolled hospitalized adults with acute respiratory illness and tested each for influenza using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Influenza vaccination was verified in 35% (6/17) of adults with influenza-associated hospitalizations compared to 64% (97/152) of test-negative controls; adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 71.4% (95% confidence interval, 17.1%-94.9%). C1 [Talbot, H. Keipp; Zhu, Yuwei; Chen, Qingxia; Williams, John V.; Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Thompson, Mark G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Talbot, HK (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, A2200 MCN,1161 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM keipp.talbot@vanderbilt.edu RI Williams, John/F-6962-2010 OI Williams, John/0000-0001-8377-5175 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2008-24624]; MedImmune; Sanofi Pasteur FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract number 200-2008-24624 to RTI International).; H.K.T has received research funding from MedImmune and Sanofi Pasteur. All authors: No reported conflicts. NR 15 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 56 IS 12 BP 1774 EP 1777 DI 10.1093/cid/cit124 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 151NG UT WOS:000319466600015 PM 23449269 ER PT J AU Regan, J Matthias, J Green-Murphy, A Stanek, D Bertholf, M Pritt, BS Sloan, LM Kelly, AJ Singleton, J McQuiston, JH Hocevar, SN Whittle, JP AF Regan, Joanna Matthias, James Green-Murphy, Audrey Stanek, Danielle Bertholf, Marsha Pritt, Bobbi S. Sloan, Lynne M. Kelly, Aubree J. Singleton, Joseph McQuiston, Jennifer H. Hocevar, Susan N. Whittle, John P. TI A Confirmed Ehrlichia ewingii Infection Likely Acquired Through Platelet Transfusion SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ehrlichiosis; transfusion; tick-borne; leukoreduction ID UNITED-STATES; ANAPLASMA-PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; CHAFFEENSIS AB Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease that ranges in severity from asymptomatic infection to fatal sepsis. Ehrlichiosis acquired from transfusion of blood products has not been documented in the literature to date. A case of Ehrlichia ewingii infection likely transmitted by transfusion of leukoreduced platelets is described, and public health implications are discussed. C1 [Regan, Joanna; Kelly, Aubree J.; Singleton, Joseph; McQuiston, Jennifer H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Matthias, James; Stanek, Danielle] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Green-Murphy, Audrey] Mem Hlth Univ Med Ctr, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Bertholf, Marsha] Blood Alliance, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Pritt, Bobbi S.; Sloan, Lynne M.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Hocevar, Susan N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Whittle, John P.] Mem Hlth Univ Med Ctr, Mercer Univ Sch Med, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. RP Regan, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jregan@cdc.gov OI Pritt, Bobbi/0000-0003-0261-1326 FU Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists; CDC [5U38HM000414] FX This study/report was supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program, administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (to J.M.), and by the CDC (cooperative agreement number 5U38HM000414). NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 56 IS 12 BP E105 EP E107 DI 10.1093/cid/cit177 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 151NG UT WOS:000319466600001 PM 23511303 ER PT J AU Bertke, S Hein, M Schubauer-Berigan, M Deddens, J AF Bertke, Stephen Hein, Misty Schubauer-Berigan, Mary Deddens, James TI A SIMULATION STUDY OF RELATIVE EFFICIENCY AND BIAS IN THE NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY DESIGN. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bertke, Stephen; Hein, Misty; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary; Deddens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S103 EP S103 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300404 ER PT J AU Day, HR Pratt, LA Weeks, JA Parker, JD AF Day, Hannah R. Pratt, Laura A. Weeks, Julie A. Parker, Jennifer D. TI PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY (NHIS) AND MEDICARE HOSPITALIZATIONS. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Day, Hannah R.; Pratt, Laura A.; Weeks, Julie A.; Parker, Jennifer D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300098 ER PT J AU Demissie, Z Eaton, D Lowry, R Nihiser, A AF Demissie, Zewditu Eaton, Danice Lowry, Richard Nihiser, Allison TI MISSING MEALS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Demissie, Zewditu; Eaton, Danice; Lowry, Richard; Nihiser, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RI Nihiser, Allison/B-8662-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300134 ER PT J AU Foppa, I Ferdinand, J Reynolds, S AF Foppa, Ivo Ferdinand, Jill Reynolds, Sue TI THE CASE TEST-NEGATIVE DESIGN FOR VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS AGAINST HOSPITALIZATION. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Foppa, Ivo; Ferdinand, Jill; Reynolds, Sue] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S100 EP S100 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300393 ER PT J AU Foppa, I Reynolds, S AF Foppa, Ivo Reynolds, Sue TI A NEW INDICATOR OF INFLUENZA INCIDENCE BASED ON VIRAL AND INFLUENZA-LIKE ILLNESS SURVEILLANCE DATA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Foppa, Ivo; Reynolds, Sue] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300067 ER PT J AU Holman, R Maddox, R Folkema, A Minino, A Belay, E Schonberger, L AF Holman, Robert Maddox, Ryan Folkema, Arianne Minino, Arialdi Belay, Ermias Schonberger, Lawrence TI CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1983-2009. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Holman, Robert; Maddox, Ryan; Folkema, Arianne; Minino, Arialdi; Belay, Ermias; Schonberger, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300273 ER PT J AU Jo, H Schieve, L Rice, C Yeargin-Allsopp, M Tian, LH Blumberg, S Kogan, M Boyle, C AF Jo, Heejoo Schieve, Laura Rice, Catherine Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn Tian, Lin Hui Blumberg, Stephen Kogan, Michael Boyle, Coleen TI AGE AT AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) DIAGNOSIS BY RACE/ETHNICITY AMONG CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL HEALTH CARE NEEDS, 2009-2010 NATIONAL SURVEY OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL HEALTH CARE NEEDS (NS-CSHCN). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jo, Heejoo; Schieve, Laura; Rice, Catherine; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn; Tian, Lin Hui; Blumberg, Stephen; Kogan, Michael; Boyle, Coleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S105 EP S105 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300415 ER PT J AU Kahn, H Cheng, YL AF Kahn, Henry Cheng, Yiling TI FATTY LIVER'S ASSOCIATION WITH ADIPOSITY INDICATORS AMONG US ADULTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kahn, Henry; Cheng, Yiling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S9 EP S9 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300037 ER PT J AU Kancherla, V Braun, KV Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Kancherla, Vijaya Braun, Kim Van Naarden Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI VISION IMPAIRMENT, HEARING LOSS AND CO-OCCURRING AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN CHILDREN. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kancherla, Vijaya; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300316 ER PT J AU Nguyen, K Dube, S King, B Homa, D Garrett, B AF Kimberly Nguyen Dube, Shanta King, Brian Homa, David Garrett, Bridgette TI INCOME AS AN EFFECT MODIFIER IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKE-FREE CAR RULES AND CHILDHOOD ASTHMA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kimberly Nguyen; Dube, Shanta; King, Brian; Homa, David; Garrett, Bridgette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300591 ER PT J AU Li, CY Zhao, GX Wen, XJ Balluz, L Dhingra, S Crawford, C AF Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang Wen, Xiao-Jun Balluz, Lina Dhingra, Satvinder Crawford, Carol TI ASSOCIATION OF ECONOMIC STRAIN WITH SUBJECTIVE ILLBEING AMONG US ADULTS: A TWO- LEVEL ANALYSIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Zhao, Guixiang; Wen, Xiao-Jun; Balluz, Lina; Dhingra, Satvinder; Crawford, Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S83 EP S83 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300327 ER PT J AU Lind, J Tinker, S Broussard, C Reefhuis, J Carmichael, S Honein, M Olney, R Parker, S Werler, M AF Lind, Jennifer Tinker, Sarah Broussard, Cheryl Reefhuis, Jennita Carmichael, Suzan Honein, Margaret Olney, Richard Parker, Samantha Werler, Martha TI MATERNAL MEDICATION AND HERBAL USE AND RISK FOR HYPOSPADIAS: DATA FROM THE NATIONAL BIRTH DEFECTS PREVENTION STUDY, 1997-2007. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 18-21, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Lind, Jennifer; Tinker, Sarah; Broussard, Cheryl; Reefhuis, Jennita; Carmichael, Suzan; Honein, Margaret; Olney, Richard; Parker, Samantha; Werler, Martha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S54 EP S54 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300216 ER PT J AU Lowe, M Whiteman, M Marchbanks, P Kottke, M Goedken, P AF Lowe, Michael Whiteman, Maura Marchbanks, Polly Kottke, Melissa Goedken, Peggy TI DISCONTINUATION OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION AMONG BLACK FEMALE TEENS ATTENDING AN URBAN FAMILY PLANNING CLINIC. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lowe, Michael; Whiteman, Maura; Marchbanks, Polly; Kottke, Melissa; Goedken, Peggy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S78 EP S78 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300306 ER PT J AU Mercado, C Cogswell, M Valderrama, A Wang, CY Loria, C Moshfegh, A Rhodes, D Carriquiry, A AF Mercado, Carla Cogswell, Mary Valderrama, Amy Wang, Chia-Yih Loria, Catherine Moshfegh, Alanna Rhodes, Donna Carriquiry, Alicia TI DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 24-HOUR DIET RECALL AND URINE EXCRETION DATA FOR ASSESSING POPULATION SODIUM INTAKE IN ADULTS AGED 18-39 YEARS. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mercado, Carla; Cogswell, Mary; Valderrama, Amy; Wang, Chia-Yih; Loria, Catherine; Moshfegh, Alanna; Rhodes, Donna; Carriquiry, Alicia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2013 VL 177 SU 11 BP S72 EP S72 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 157BL UT WOS:000319870300284 ER EF