FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Stevens, JA Rudd, RA AF Stevens, Judy A. Rudd, Rose A. TI Circumstances and Contributing Causes of Fall Deaths among Persons Aged 65 and Older: United States, 2010 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE elderly; falls; fall deaths; ICD-10; vital records ID BRAIN-INJURY; RISK; PEOPLE; TRENDS; WOMEN AB ObjectivesTo determine whether the increasing fall death rate among people aged 65 and older is due in part to temporal changes in recording the underlying cause of death. DesignAnalyses of multiple cause of death data using the online Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ON-line Data for Epidemiologic Research system, which uses the National Center for Health Statistics' Multiple Cause of Death data set. SettingUnited States, 1999 to 2010. ParticipantsPeople aged 65 and older with a fall listed on their death record as the underlying or a contributing cause of death. MeasurementsCircumstances and contributing causes off all deathsrecords listing International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes W00 to W19 as the underlying cause of deathand underlying causes for records with falls as a contributing cause were examined. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends in the proportion of fall and fall-associated deaths to total deaths for 1999 to 2010. ResultsIn 2010, there were 21,649 fall deaths and 5,402 fall-associated deaths among people aged 65 and older; 48.7% of fall deaths involved a head injury. Approximately half the fall death records included diseases of the circulatory system as contributing causes. From 1999 to 2010, there was a trend toward more-specific reporting of falls circumstances, although total deaths remained unchanged. The proportion of fall deaths to total deaths increased 114.3%, and that of fall-associated deaths to total deaths increased 43.1%. ConclusionThe reasons behind the increasing older adult fall death rate deserve further investigation. Possible contributing factors include changing trends in underlying chronic diseases and better reporting of falls as the underlying cause of death. C1 [Stevens, Judy A.; Rudd, Rose A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jas2@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC through intramural funding. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 62 IS 3 BP 470 EP 475 DI 10.1111/jgs.12702 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AC8HJ UT WOS:000332773800008 PM 24617970 ER PT J AU Kimmick, G Fleming, ST Sabatino, SA Wu, XC Hwang, WK Wilson, JF Lund, MJ Cress, R Anderson, RT AF Kimmick, Gretchen Fleming, Steven T. Sabatino, Susan A. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Hwang, Wenke Wilson, J. Frank Lund, Mary Jo Cress, Rosemary Anderson, Roger T. CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention TI Comorbidity Burden and Guideline-Concordant Care for Breast Cancer SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; comorbidity; guideline concordance ID OLDER WOMEN; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BETA-BLOCKERS; ELDERLY-WOMEN; SURVIVAL; MORTALITY; WHITE; RECURRENCE; PROGNOSIS AB ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between level and type of comorbidity and guideline-concordant care for early-stage breast cancer. DesignCross-sectional. SettingNational Program of Cancer Registry (NPCR) Breast and Prostate Cancer Patterns of Care study, which re-abstracted medical records from 2004 in seven cancer registries. ParticipantsIndividuals with stage 0-III breast cancer. MeasurementsMulticomponent guideline-concordant management was modeled based on tumor size, node status, and hormone receptor status, according to consensus guidelines. Comorbid conditions and severity were measured using the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation Index (ACE-27). Multivariate logistic regression models determined factors associated with guideline-concordant care and included overall ACE-27 scores and 26 separate ACE comorbidity categories, age, race, stage, and source of payment. ResultsThe study sample included 6,439 women (mean age 58.7, range 20-99; 76% white; 44% with no comorbidity; 70% estrogen- or progesterone-receptor positive, or both; 31% human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive). Care was guideline concordant in 60%. Guideline concordance varied according to overall comorbidity burden (70% for none; 61% for minor; 58% for moderate, 43% for severe; P<.05). In multivariate analysis, the presence of hypertension (odds ratio (OR)=1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-1.30) predicted guideline concordance, whereas dementia (OR=0.45, 95% CI=0.24-0.82) predicted lack of guideline concordance. Older age (50) and black race were associated with less guideline concordance, regardless of comorbidity level. ConclusionWhen reporting survival outcomes in individuals with breast cancer with comorbidity, adherence to care guidelines should be among the covariates. C1 [Kimmick, Gretchen] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dept Internal Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Fleming, Steven T.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Lexington, KY USA. [Sabatino, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Hwang, Wenke; Anderson, Roger T.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Div Hlth Serv Res, Hershey, PA USA. [Wilson, J. Frank] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiat Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Lund, Mary Jo] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cress, Rosemary] Canc Registry Greater Calif, Inst Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Kimmick, G (reprint author), DUMC Box 3204, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM gretchen.kimmick@duke.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) [1-U01-DP000260]; Emory University [1-U01-DP000258]; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center [1-U01-DP000253]; Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) [1-U01-DP000259]; Medical College of Wisconsin [1-U01-DP000261]; University of Kentucky [1-U01-DP000251]; Wake Forest University [1-U01-DP000264] FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention supported the Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study through cooperative agreements with the California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) (1-U01-DP000260), Emory University (1-U01-DP000258), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (1-U01-DP000253), Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) (1-U01-DP000259), Medical College of Wisconsin (1-U01-DP000261), University of Kentucky (1-U01-DP000251), and Wake Forest University (1-U01-DP000264). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 62 IS 3 BP 482 EP 488 DI 10.1111/jgs.12687 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AC8HJ UT WOS:000332773800010 PM 24512124 ER PT J AU Kogelman, L Barnett, ED Chen, LH Quinn, E Yanni, E Wilson, ME Benoit, C Karchmer, AW Ooi, WW Jentes, ES Hamer, DH AF Kogelman, Laura Barnett, Elizabeth D. Chen, Lin H. Quinn, Emily Yanni, Emad Wilson, Mary E. Benoit, Christine Karchmer, Adolf W. Ooi, Winnie W. Jentes, Emily S. Hamer, Davidson H. TI Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of US Practitioners Who Provide Pre-Travel Advice SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH ADVICE; CARE PROVIDERS; MEDICINE; QUALITY AB Background. As international travel increases, many health care professionals are being asked to provide pre-travel advice. We designed an anonymous web-based survey to assess the extent to which primary care providers (PCPs) provide travel medicine advice and how their understanding and delivery of itinerary-specific advice and management compare with that of travel medicine specialists. Methods. We surveyed randomly selected US PCPs registered in the Pri-Med Institute (now pmiCME) database and US travel medicine specialists from the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM), American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yellow fever (YF) vaccine provider mailing lists. SAS software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) was used for all analyses. Results. Of 14,932 e-mails sent to valid e-mail addresses, 902 yielded complete or partially completed surveys (6.0% response rate). Eighty percent of respondents personally provided pre-travel advice (95% of travel medicine specialists versus 73% of PCPs). About two thirds of PCPs (68%) providing pre-travel consultations saw <50 travelers per year whereas 30% of travel medicine specialists saw <50 travelers per year. More travel medicine specialists (59%) than PCPs (18%) saw >500 travelers per year. Familiarity with travel-specific vaccines (YF, Japanese encephalitis) and provision of written educational materials increased as volume of travelers increased. Familiarity with antimalarial side effects and malaria resistance patterns, and knowledge scores based on brief pre-travel scenarios were higher in travel medicine specialists, ASTMH or ISTM certificate holders, and respondents who saw more pre-travel patients. Conclusions. Many PCP survey participants provided pre-travel advice, but most saw few travelers. Volume of travelers and holding an ASTMH or ISTM certificate had the greatest influence on knowledge of travel medicine and provision of appropriate advice and recommendations. Creating easily accessible travel medicine education programs for US providers from a wide range of disciplines is needed to improve the management of travelers. C1 [Kogelman, Laura] Tufts Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Barnett, Elizabeth D.; Benoit, Christine] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Chen, Lin H.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Cambridge, MA USA. [Chen, Lin H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Quinn, Emily] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Data Coordinating Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Yanni, Emad; Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Karchmer, Adolf W.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ooi, Winnie W.] Lahey Clin Fdn, Burlington, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Kogelman, L (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, 800 Washington St,Box 7010, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM lkogelman@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1 U19CI000508-01]; Boston Medical Center [1 U19CI000508-01] FX This research was funded by a cooperative agreement (1 U19CI000508-01) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Boston Medical Center. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 2 BP 104 EP 114 DI 10.1111/jtm.12097 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AC0GI UT WOS:000332172400007 PM 24593023 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, J Casas, J Taren, D Alverson, CJ Flores, A Frias, J AF Rosenthal, Jorge Casas, Jessica Taren, Douglas Alverson, Clinton J. Flores, Alina Frias, Jaime TI Neural tube defects in Latin America and the impact of fortification: a literature review SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE Neural tube defects; Latin America; NTD prevalence; Time trends; Folic acid fortification ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; PREVALENCE RATES; FLOUR FORTIFICATION; FOOD-FORTIFICATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; BIRTH CERTIFICATE; WHEAT-FLOUR; CHILE; PREVENTION AB Objective Data on the prevalence of birth defects and neural tube defects (NTD) in Latin America are limited. The present review summarizes NTD prevalence and time trends in Latin American countries and compares pre- and post-fortification periods to assess the impact of folic acid fortification in these countries. Design We carried out a literature review of studies and institutional reports published between 1990 and 2010 that contained information on NTD prevalence in Latin America. Results NTD prevalence in Latin American countries varied from 02 to 96 per 1000 live births and was influenced by methods of ascertainment. Time trends from Bogota, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala City, Mexico and Puerto Rico showed average annual declines of 25 % to 218 %. Pre- and post-fortification comparisons were available for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico and Mexico. The aggregate percentage decline in NTD prevalence ranged from 33 % to 59 %. Conclusions The present publication is the first to review data on time trends and the impact of folic acid fortification on NTD prevalence in Latin America. Reported NTD prevalence varied markedly by geographic region and in some areas of Latin America was among the lowest in the world, while in other areas it was among the highest. For countries with available information, time trends showed significant declines in NTD prevalence and these declines were greater in countries where folic acid fortification of staples reached the majority of the population at risk, such as Chile and Costa Rica. C1 [Rosenthal, Jorge; Alverson, Clinton J.; Flores, Alina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Casas, Jessica; Taren, Douglas] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. [Frias, Jaime] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rosenthal, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jyr4@cdc.gov FU Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities FX This research received no grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. The Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities provided funding to support J.C. NR 103 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 537 EP 550 DI 10.1017/S1368980013000256 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AD0WR UT WOS:000332955500007 PM 23464652 ER PT J AU De-Regil, LM Pena-Rosas, JP Flores-Ayala, R Jefferds, MED AF De-Regil, Luz Maria Pena-Rosas, Juan Pablo Flores-Ayala, Rafael Jefferds, Maria Elena del Socorro TI Development and use of the generic WHO/CDC logic model for vitamin and mineral interventions in public health programmes SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Vitamins; Minerals; Logic models; Programme theory; Planning; design; Implementation; Monitoring; Evaluation; Nutrition AB Objective Nutrition interventions are critical to achieve the Millennium Development Goals; among them, micronutrient interventions are considered cost-effective and programmatically feasible to scale up, but there are limited tools to communicate the programme components and their relationships. The WHO/CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) logic model for micronutrient interventions in public health programmes is a useful resource for planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of these interventions, which depicts the programme theory and expected relationships between inputs and expected Millennium Development Goals. Design The model was developed by applying principles of programme evaluation, public health nutrition theory and programmatic expertise. The multifaceted and iterative structure validation included feedback from potential users and adaptation by national stakeholders involved in public health programmes' design and implementation. Results In addition to the inputs, main activity domains identified as essential for programme development, implementation and performance include: (i) policy; (ii) products and supply; (iii) delivery systems; (iv) quality control; and (v) behaviour change communication. Outputs encompass the access to and coverage of interventions. Outcomes include knowledge and appropriate use of the intervention, as well as effects on micronutrient intake, nutritional status and health of target populations, for ultimate achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Conclusions The WHO/CDC logic model simplifies the process of developing a logic model by providing a tool that has identified high-priority areas and concepts that apply to virtually all public health micronutrient interventions. Countries can adapt it to their context in order to support programme design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation for the successful scale-up of nutrition interventions in public health. C1 [De-Regil, Luz Maria; Pena-Rosas, Juan Pablo] WHO, Dept Nutr Hlth & Dev, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Flores-Ayala, Rafael; Jefferds, Maria Elena del Socorro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Micronutrient Malnutrit Prevent & Control Pro, Nutr Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jefferds, MED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Micronutrient Malnutrit Prevent & Control Pro, Nutr Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway MS K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mnj5@cdc.gov OI Pena-Rosas, Juan Pablo/0000-0002-6737-9831 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; World Health Organization [001] NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 634 EP 639 DI 10.1017/S1368980013000554 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AD0WR UT WOS:000332955500017 PM 23507463 ER PT J AU Roberts, HW Utuama, OA Klevens, M Teshale, E Hughes, E Jiles, R AF Roberts, Henry W. Utuama, Ovie A. Klevens, Monina Teshale, Eyasu Hughes, Elizabeth Jiles, Ruth TI The Contribution of Viral Hepatitis to the Burden of Chronic Liver Disease in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; PREVALENCE; CARE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; PHYSICIANS; MORTALITY; VETERANS; COSTS AB OBJECTIVES: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is increasingly recognized as a major public health problem. However, in the United States, there are few nationally representative data on the contribution of viral hepatitis as an etiology of CLD. METHODS: We applied a previously used International Classifi cation of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification-based definition of CLD cases to the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey databases for 2006-2010. We estimated the mean number of CLD visits per year, prevalence ratio of visits by patient characteristics, and the percentage of CLD visits attributed to viral hepatitis and other selected etiologies. RESULTS: An estimated 6.0 billion ambulatory care visits occurred in the United States from 2006 to 2010, of which an estimated 25.8 million (0.43 %) were CLD-related. Among adults aged 45-64 years, Medicaid and Medicare recipients were 3.9 (prevalence ratio (PR) = 3.9, 95 % confi dence limit (CL; 2.8, 5.4)) and 2.3 (PR = 2.3, 95 % CL (1.6, 3.4)) times more likely to have a CLD-related ambulatory visit than those with private insurance, respectively. In the United States, from 2006 to 2010, an estimated 49.6 % of all CLD-related ambulatory visits were attributed solely to viral hepatitis B and C diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: In this unique application of health-care utilization data, we confi rm that viral hepatitis is an important etiology of CLD in the United States, with hepatitis B and C contributing approximately one-half of the CLD burden. CLD ambulatory visits in the United States disproportionately occur among adults, aged 45-64 years, who are primarily minorities, men, and Medicare or Medicaid recipients. C1 [Roberts, Henry W.; Utuama, Ovie A.; Klevens, Monina; Teshale, Eyasu; Hughes, Elizabeth; Jiles, Ruth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Roberts, HW (reprint author), CDC NCHHSTP, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HRoberts@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation FX Financial support: Ovie Utuama was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 109 IS 3 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1038/ajg.2013.477 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AD4RX UT WOS:000333239300011 PM 24445570 ER PT J AU O'Brien, L Shaffer, N Sangrujee, N Abimbola, TO AF O'Brien, Lisa Shaffer, Nathan Sangrujee, Nalinee Abimbola, Taiwo O. TI The incremental cost of switching from Option B to Option B plus for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; FEEDING MOTHERS; INFECTION AB Objective To estimate the incremental cost over 5 years of a policy switch from the Option B to the Option B+ protocol for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods Data from cost studies and other published sources were used to determine the cost, per woman and per cohort (1000 breastfeeding and 1000 non-breastfeeding women), of switching from Option B (maternal triple antiretroviral [ARV] regimen during pregnancy and breastfeeding plus daily nevirapine for the infant for 6 weeks) to Option B+ (maternal triple ARV regimen initiated during pregnancy and continued for life). The variables used to model the different scenarios were maternal CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+ cell) count (350-500 versus > 500 cells/mu l), rate of decline in CD4+ cells (average, rapid, slow), breastfeeding status (yes, no) and breastfeeding duration (12, 18 or 24 months). Findings For women with CD4+ cell counts of 350-500 cells/mu l, the incremental cost per 1000 women was 157 345 United States dollars (US$) for breastfeeding women and US$ 92 813 for non-breastfeeding women. For women with CD4+ cell counts > 500 cells/mu l, the incremental cost per 1000 women ranged from US$ 363 443 to US$ 484 591 for breastfeeding women and was US$ 605 739 for non-breastfeeding women. Conclusion From a cost perspective, a policy switch from Option B to Option B+ is feasible in PMTCT programme settings where resources are currently being allocated to Option B. C1 [O'Brien, Lisa; Sangrujee, Nalinee; Abimbola, Taiwo O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Econ Syst & Integrat Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shaffer, Nathan] WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP O'Brien, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Econ Syst & Integrat Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, MS-E30,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lobrien14@gmail.com FU World Health Organization [001] NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 EI 1564-0604 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 92 IS 3 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.2471/BLT.13.122523 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AD9HY UT WOS:000333577200010 PM 24700975 ER PT J AU Zota, AR Calafat, AM Woodruff, TJ AF Zota, Ami R. Calafat, Antonia M. Woodruff, Tracey J. TI Temporal Trends in Phthalate Exposures: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2010 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; OXIDATIVE METABOLITES; UNITED-STATES; US POPULATION; RAT TESTIS; FETAL AB BACKGROUND: Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Because of potential adverse effects on human health, butylbenzyl phthalate [BBzP; metabolite, monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP)], di-n-butyl phthalate [DnBP; metabolite, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP)], and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are being replaced by substitutes including other phthalates; however, little is known about consequent trends in population-level exposures. OBJECTIVE: We examined temporal trends in urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites in the general U. S. population and whether trends vary by sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: We combined data on 11 phthalate metabolites for 11,071 participants from five cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2010). Percent changes and least square geometric means (LSGMs) were calculated from multivariate regression models. RESULTS: LSGM concentrations of monoethyl phthalate, MnBP, MBzP, and SDEHP metabolites decreased between 2001-2002 and 2009-2010 [ percent change (95% CI): -42% (- 49, - 34); -17% (-23, -9); -32% (-39, -23) and -37% (-46, -26), respectively]. In contrast, LSGM concentrations of monoisobutyl phthalate, mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monocarboxyoctyl phthalate, and monocarboxynonyl phthalate (MCNP) increased over the study period [percent change (95% CI): 206% (178, 236); 25% (8, 45); 149% (102, 207); and 15% (1, 30), respectively]. Trends varied by subpopulations for certain phthalates. For example, LSGM concentrations of SDEHP metabolites, MCPP, and MCNP were higher in children than adults, but the gap between groups narrowed over time (P-interaction < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of the U. S. population to phthalates has changed in the last decade. Data gaps make it difficult to explain trends, but legislative activity and advocacy campaigns by non-governmental organizations may play a role in changing trends. C1 [Zota, Ami R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Zota, Ami R.; Woodruff, Tracey J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, San Francisco, CA USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zota, AR (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 2100 M St NW,Suite 203A, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM azota@gwu.edu FU Pew Charitable Trusts; Passport Science Innovation Fund; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health [K99ES019881]; UCSF FX The bulk of the work for this study was completed during A.R.Z.'s postdoctoral fellowship at UCSF. Funding was provided by Pew Charitable Trusts, the Passport Science Innovation Fund, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health (grant K99ES019881). NR 58 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 12 U2 55 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 122 IS 3 BP 235 EP 241 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306681 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AE0QH UT WOS:000333670500012 PM 24425099 ER PT J AU Scinicariello, F Buser, MC AF Scinicariello, Franco Buser, Melanie C. TI Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Childhood Obesity: NHANES (2001-2006) SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS; THYROID-HORMONE; IN-VITRO; DIFFERENTIAL ACTION; US POPULATION; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; WEIGHT; BETA; BENZO(A)PYRENE AB BACKGROUND: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known carcinogens and suspected endocrine disruptors. Prenatal exposure to PAHs has been associated with obesity in early childhood. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of urinary PAH metabolites with adiposity outcomes [body mass index (BMI) z-score, waist circumference (WC), and rate of obesity] in children and adolescents. METHODS: We performed whole-sample analyses of 3,189 individuals 6-19 years of age who participated in the 2001-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We performed multivariate linear and logistic regression to analyze the association of BMI z-score, WC, and obesity with concentrations of single urinary PAH compounds and the sum of PAHs. Furthermore, the analyses were stratified by developmental stage [i.e., children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-19 years)]. RESULTS: BMI z-score, WC, and obesity were positively associated with the molecular mass sum of the PAHs and the total sum of naphthalene metabolites. Most associations increased monotonically with increasing quartiles of exposure among children 6-11 years of age, whereas dose-response trends were less consistent for adolescents (12-19 years of age). Neither total PAHs nor total naphthalene metabolites were associated with overweight in either age group, and there was little evidence of associations between the outcomes and individual PAHs. CONCLUSIONS: Total urinary PAH metabolites and naphthalene metabolites were associated with higher BMI, WC, and obesity in children 6-11 years of age, with positive but less consistent associations among adolescents. C1 [Scinicariello, Franco; Buser, Melanie C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Scinicariello, F (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fes6@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 28 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 122 IS 3 BP 299 EP 303 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307234 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AE0QH UT WOS:000333670500021 PM 24380973 ER PT J AU Garg, A Waters, T Kapellusch, J Karwowski, W AF Garg, Arun Waters, Thomas Kapellusch, Jay Karwowski, Waldemar TI Psychophysical basis for maximum pushing and pulling forces: A review and recommendations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Maximum acceptable pushing and pulling forces (MAFs); Regression equations to estimate MAFs; Factors affecting pushing and pulling forces; Ergonomic recommendations ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; MANUAL HANDLING TASKS; FEMALE INDUSTRIAL-WORKERS; ACCEPTABLE WEIGHTS; LIFTING TASKS; 2-WHEELED CONTAINERS; ERGONOMIC EVALUATION; SHOULDER COMPLAINTS; REDUCED RESISTANCE; FRICTION FLOORS AB The objective of this paper was to perform a comprehensive review of psychophysically determined maximum acceptable pushing and pulling forces. Factors affecting pushing and pulling forces are identified and discussed. Recent studies show a significant decrease (compared to previous studies) in maximum acceptable forces for males but not for females when pushing and pulling on a treadmill. A comparison of pushing and pulling forces measured using a high inertia cart with those measured on a treadmill shows that the pushing and pulling forces using high inertia cart are higher for males but are about the same for females. It is concluded that the recommendations of Snook and Ciriello (1991) for pushing and pulling forces are still valid and provide reasonable recommendations for ergonomics practitioners. Regression equations as a function of handle height, frequency of exertion and pushing/pulling distance are provided to estimate maximum initial and sustained forces for pushing and pulling acceptable to 75% male and female workers. At present it is not clear whether pushing or pulling should be favored. Similarly, it is not clear what handle heights would be optimal for pushing and pulling. Epidemiological studies are needed to determine relationships between psychophysically determined maximum acceptable pushing and pulling forces and risk of musculoskeletal injuries, in particular to low back and shoulders. Relevance to industry: This article provides a concise discussion of important factors relevant to designing and analyzing pushing/pulling tasks. Regression equations to estimate initial and sustained pushing and pulling forces acceptable to 75% male and female workers are provided and can be used to design and analyze pushing and pulling tasks common in industry. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Garg, Arun; Kapellusch, Jay] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Ergon, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Waters, Thomas] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Karwowski, Waldemar] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Garg, A (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Ergon, POB 784, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM arun@uwm.edu RI Karwowski, Waldemar/B-2449-2012 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 110 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-8141 EI 1872-8219 J9 INT J IND ERGONOM JI Int. J. Ind. Ergon. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 281 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.ergon.2012.09.005 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics SC Engineering GA AE1ZJ UT WOS:000333772800013 PM 26664045 ER PT J AU Jothikumar, P Narayanan, J Hill, VR AF Jothikumar, Prithiviraj Narayanan, Jothikumar Hill, Vincent R. TI Visual endpoint detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 using isothermal Genome Exponential Amplification Reaction (GEAR) assay and malachite green SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157:H7; Molecular assay; Isothermal amplification; Malachite green; Water microbiology ID REAL-TIME PCR; DRINKING-WATER; RAPID DETECTION; MULTIPLEX PCR; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; UNITED-STATES; SURFACE-WATER; O157-H7; STRAINS; GENES AB Rapid and specific detection methods for bacterial agents in drinking water are important for disease prevention and responding to suspected contamination events. In this study, an isothermal Genome Exponential Amplification Reaction (GEAR) assay for Escherichia coli O157:H7 was designed specifically to recognize a 199-bp fragment of the lipopolysaccharide gene (rfbE) for rapid testing of water samples. The GEAR assay was found to be specific for E. colt O157:H7 using 10 isolates of E. coli O157:H7 and a panel of 86 bacterial controls. The GEAR assay was performed at a constant temperature of 65 C using SYTO 9 intercalating dye. Detection limits were determined to be 20 CFU for the GEAR assay. When SYTO 9 fluorescence was measured using a real-time PCR instrument, the assay had the same detection limit as when malachite green was added to the reaction mix and a characteristic blue color was visually observed in positive reactions. The study also found that 50 and 20 CFU of E. coli O157:H7 seeded into 100-liter of tap water could be detected by the GEAR assays after the sample was concentrated by hollow-fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) and approximately 10% of HFUF concentrate was cultured using trypticase soy broth-novobiocin. When applied to 19 surface water samples collected from Tennessee and Kentucky, the GEAR assay and a published real-time PCR assay both detected E. coli O157:H7 in two of the samples. The results of this study indicate that the GEAR assay can be sensitive for rapid detection of E. colt O157:H7 in water samples using fluorometric instruments and visual endpoint determination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jothikumar, Prithiviraj] Georgia Tech, Inst Bioengn & Biosci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Narayanan, Jothikumar; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Narayanan, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-66, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jin2@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD MAR PY 2014 VL 98 BP 122 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.01.002 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA AE3BU UT WOS:000333852700022 PM 24424127 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Mei, JV Cuthbert, CD AF De Jesus, Victor R. Mei, Joanne V. Cuthbert, Carla D. TI ASSURING QUALITY OF NEWBORN SCREENING DRIED-BLOOD SPOT ASSAYS WORLDWIDE: THE CDC'S NEWBORN SCREENING QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Inherited-Metabolic-Disorders (SIMD) CY MAR 09-12, 2014 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Soc Inherited Metab Disorders C1 [De Jesus, Victor R.; Mei, Joanne V.; Cuthbert, Carla D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 EI 1096-7206 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 111 IS 3 BP 285 EP 286 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AC4OI UT WOS:000332500200120 ER PT J AU Li, W Diao, RN Yang, JP Xiao, LH Lu, YX Li, YJ Song, MX AF Li, Wei Diao, Ruinan Yang, Jinping Xiao, Lihua Lu, Yixin Li, Yijing Song, Mingxin TI High diversity of human-pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in swine in northeast China SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; 1ST DETECTION; WASTE-WATER; PIG FARM; IDENTIFICATION; MICROSPORIDIA; PREVALENCE; EXISTENCE AB Despite the advances in defining Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes worldwide, rare genotypic surveys have been documented on this ubiquitous pathogenic protozoan in mammals in China, especially the role of pigs in zoonotic transmission of microsporidiosis remains unclear. In this study, the distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes in 113 duodenal mucosal specimens of pigs with acute diarrhea from 15 cities in northeast China was determined by PCR and DNA sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. The organism was detected in 51 (45.1 %) pigs from 12 cities, with infection rates of the nursery pigs (21/33, 63.6 %) significantly higher than the preweaned (25/61, 41.0 %; P<0.05) and the growing (5/19, 26.3 %; P<0.01) ones. E. bieneusi belongs to nine known human-pathogenic genotypes (D, EbpA, EbpC, EbpD, H, Henan-I, Henan-III, Henan-IV, and O) and eight new genotypes (CS-1 to CS-8). Genotypes D, EbpA, EbpC, EbpD, Henan-I, Henan-III, and Henan-IV have been found in human infections and D, EbpA, EbpC, and EbpD in wastewater in central China. The new genotypes were genetically clustered into a group of existing E. bieneusi genotypes with zoonotic potential. Considering the discovery of a high prevalence and wide genetic diversity of E. bieneusi zoonotic strains in pigs in northeast China and the co-occurrence of seven known genotypes in pigs and humans and four in pigs and wastewater, pigs probably served as a reservoir for human microsporidiosis and an important source of water contamination in China. C1 [Li, Wei; Diao, Ruinan; Yang, Jinping; Lu, Yixin; Li, Yijing; Song, Mingxin] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, YJ (reprint author), Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. EM yijingli@yahoo.com; songmx@neau.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Li, Wei/0000-0002-4264-1864 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31302081]; Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province [QC2013C015]; 54th Post-doctoral Scientific Foundation of China [2013M540266] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31302081), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (no. QC2013C015), and the 54th Post-doctoral Scientific Foundation of China (no. 2013M540266). NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 113 IS 3 BP 1147 EP 1153 DI 10.1007/s00436-014-3752-9 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AD1YK UT WOS:000333029400039 PM 24442159 ER PT J AU Lanier, Y Castellanos, T Barrow, RY Jordan, WC Caine, V Sutton, MY AF Lanier, Yzette Castellanos, Ted Barrow, Roxanne Y. Jordan, Wilbert C. Caine, Virginia Sutton, Madeline Y. TI Brief Sexual Histories and Routine HIV/ STD Testing by Medical Providers SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; BLACK; INFECTION; MEN; DISPARITIES; PHYSICIANS; SETTINGS; STIGMA; RATES AB Clinicians who routinely take patient sexual histories have the opportunity to assess patient risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and make appropriate recommendations for routine HIV/STD screenings. However, less than 40% of providers conduct sexual histories with patients, and many do not receive formal sexual history training in school. After partnering with a national professional organization of physicians, we trained 26 (US and US territory-based) practicing physicians (58% female; median age=48 years) regarding sexual history taking using both in-person and webinar methods. Trainings occurred during either a 6-h onsite or 2-h webinar session. We evaluated their post-training experiences integrating sexual histories during routine medical visits. We assessed use of sexual histories and routine HIV/STD screenings. All participating physicians reported improved sexual history taking and increases in documented sexual histories and routine HIV/STD screenings. Four themes emerged from the qualitative evaluations: (1) the need for more sexual history training; (2) the importance of providing a gender-neutral sexual history tool; (3) the existence of barriers to routine sexual histories/testing; and (4) unintended benefits for providers who were conducting routine sexual histories. These findings were used to develop a brief, gender-neutral sexual history tool for clinical use. This pilot evaluation demonstrates that providers were willing to utilize a sexual history tool in clinical practice in support of HIV/STD prevention efforts. C1 [Lanier, Yzette; Castellanos, Ted; Sutton, Madeline Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barrow, Roxanne Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jordan, Wilbert C.; Caine, Virginia] Natl Med Assoc, HIV AIDS Advisory Comm, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sutton, MY (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov FU CDC [PS06-612]; [5U22PS000553] FX This activity was funded in part by CDC funding opportunity announcement #PS06-612; Grant Number 5U22PS000553. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 EI 1557-7449 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1089/apc.2013.0328 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AC2HF UT WOS:000332319800002 PM 24564387 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD AF Grosse, Scott D. TI Economic analyses of genetic tests in personalized medicine: clinical utility first, then cost utility SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; LYNCH SYNDROME; STRATEGIES; OUTCOMES; RECOMMENDATIONS; CHALLENGES; PRIORITIES; GENOMICS; MODEL C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 EI 1530-0366 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 3 BP 225 EP 227 DI 10.1038/gim.2013.158 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AC3SP UT WOS:000332441800003 PM 24232411 ER PT J AU Gorina, Y Kramarow, E Elgaddal, N AF Gorina, Y. Kramarow, E. Elgaddal, N. TI Risk Factors for Hospital Readmissions: Community-Based Approach SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 15-17, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Geriatr Soc C1 [Gorina, Y.; Kramarow, E.; Elgaddal, N.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 62 SU 1 SI SI BP S221 EP S221 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AD6XT UT WOS:000333405500606 ER PT J AU Dougherty, D Chen, XH Gray, DT Simon, AE AF Dougherty, Denise Chen, Xiuhua Gray, Darryl T. Simon, Alan E. TI Child and Adolescent Health Care Quality and Disparities: Are We Making Progress? SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE asthma; Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP); disparities; Hispanic; Medicaid; patient centeredness; preventive services; quality; trends ID UNITED-STATES; INSURANCE DISPARITIES; US CHILDREN; IMPROVEMENT; ACCESS; MORTALITY AB OBJECTIVE: Children and adolescents are known to experience poor health care quality; some groups of children have poorer health care than others. We sought to examine trends over time in health care quality and disparities by race, Hispanic ethnicity, income, insurance, gender, rurality, and special health care needs. METHODS: Source data were extracted from the 2011 National Healthcare Quality Report (NHQR) and National Healthcare Disparities Report (NHDR) database, which contains aggregated data from many government and private sources for the years 2000 through 2009. The NHQR and NHDR approaches to calculating disparities and trends in quality and disparities were used. Within each quality measure with available data, results for demographic subgroups of children characterized by race/ethnicity, income, insurance, residence, special health care need, and gender were compared to those of a reference group to determine whether disparities existed and whether disparities had changed over time. RESULTS: Of 68 measures with data for calculating potential disparities, 50 showed disparities in quality for at least 1 comparison subgroup in the most recent year of data available, while 18 measures showed no such disparities. Of the 50 measures with current disparities, 39 measures had sufficient data to calculate trends. Among the 137 comparisons made within these 39 measures, there was no change in disparities over time for 126 comparisons, 3 comparisons worsened, and 8 comparisons improved. CONCLUSIONS: There was some progress in health care quality and reducing disparities in children's health care quality from 2000 to 2009; opportunities for targeting improvement strategies remain. C1 [Dougherty, Denise; Gray, Darryl T.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Chen, Xiuhua] Social & Sci Syst Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Simon, Alan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Dougherty, D (reprint author), Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, 540 Gaither Rd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM denise.dougherty@ahrq.hhs.gov FU AHRQ [HHSA290200900010C] FX We gratefully acknowledge the work of the many federal and nonfederal entities that provide the data on which the NHQR and the NHDR are based. AHRQ's NHQR/NHDR production team and AHRQ's contract HHSA290200900010C with Social & Scientific Systems Inc. (SSS) supported performance of the analyses on which this study was based. We also acknowledge thoughtful reviewer comments provided by Dr Ernest Moy of AHRQ and Dr Janet Pagan-Sutton of SSS. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 EI 1876-2867 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 137 EP 148 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AD3MF UT WOS:000333142500006 PM 24602576 ER PT J AU Majetic, ZS Galloway, R Sabljic, ER Milas, Z Perko, VM Habus, J Margaletic, J Pernar, R Turk, N AF Majetic, Zrinka Stritof Galloway, Renee Sabljic, Eva Ruzic Milas, Zoran Perko, Vesna Mojcec Habus, Josipa Margaletic, Josip Pernar, Renata Turk, Nenad TI Epizootiological survey of small mammals as Leptospira spp. reservoirs in Eastern Croatia SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; Leptospirosis; Reservoirs; Small mammals; Molecular; Zoonosis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRES; PCR; INTERROGANS; RODENTS; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; SEROVAR AB In this survey we investigated a population of small mammals in Eastern Croatia in order to determine Leptospira carriage rates and identify circulating serovars. Out of 67 trapped animals, 20 (29.9%) isolates were obtained. Identification of isolates using microscopic agglutination test, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and multi locus sequence typing revealed that 10(50.0%) isolates belong to serogroup Pomona, serovar Mozdok, 6 (30.0%) isolates to serogroup Australis, serovar Jalna, 2 (10.0%) isolates to serogroup Sejroe, serovar Saxkoebing, and 1 (5.0%) isolate to serogroup Grippotyphosa, serovar Grippotyphosa. One isolate from serogroup Bataviae was unable to be identified to the serovar level. Amplification of a 331-bp region of the locus LA0322 using real-time polymerase chain reaction determined that 12 (60.0%) isolates belong to L. kirschneri, 6 (30.0%) isolates to L interrogans, and 2 (10.0%) isolates to L. borgpetersenii. Leptospira carriage rate was high (29.9%), which corresponds to a high incidence of human and domestic animal leptospirosis in Eastern Croatia. Furthermore, 90.0% of the isolates belong to serogroups Pomona, Australis and Sejroe which are also the most prevalent serogroups in humans in this area. These findings suggest that small mammals might be an important source of Leptospira spp. infection in Eastern Croatia. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Majetic, Zrinka Stritof; Milas, Zoran; Perko, Vesna Mojcec; Habus, Josipa; Turk, Nenad] Univ Zagreb, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis Clin, Fac Vet Med, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Galloway, Renee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sabljic, Eva Ruzic] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Med, Inst Microbiol & Immunol, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. [Margaletic, Josip; Pernar, Renata] Univ Zagreb, Dept Forest Protect & Game, Fac Forestry, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. RP Majetic, ZS (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Dept Microbiol & Infect Dis Clin, Fac Vet Med, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. EM zstritof@vef.hr FU Ministry of science, education and sports of the Republic of Croatia [053-1430115-211] FX This work was supported by Ministry of science, education and sports of the Republic of Croatia, scientific project number 053-1430115-211. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 131 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.009 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AD0DU UT WOS:000332905500016 ER PT J AU Julander, JG Thibodeaux, BA Morrey, JD Roehrig, JT Blair, CD AF Julander, Justin G. Thibodeaux, Brett A. Morrey, John D. Roehrig, John T. Blair, Carol D. TI Humanized monoclonal antibody 2C9-cIgG has enhanced efficacy for yellow fever prophylaxis and therapy in an immunocompetent animal model SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Yellow fever; Immunoprophylaxis; Immunotherapy; Humanized monoclonal antibody; Hamster model ID HAMSTER MESOCRICETUS-AURATUS; VIRUS-INFECTION; VACCINE STRAIN; CHALLENGE; PROTECTION; DISEASES; MICE AB Yellow fever virus (YFV) causes significant human disease and mortality in tropical regions of South and Central America and Africa, despite the availability of an effective vaccine. No specific therapy for YF is available. We previously showed that the humanized monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2C9-cIgG provided prophylactic and therapeutic protection from mortality in interferon receptor-deficient strain AG129 mice challenged with YF 17D-204 vaccine. In this study we tested the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of this MAb against virulent YFV infection in an immunocompetent hamster model. Intraperitoneal (ip) administration of a single dose of MAb 2C9-cIgG 24 h prior to YFV challenge resulted in significantly improved survival rates in animals treated with 380 or 38 mu g of MAb compared to untreated animals. Treatment with the higher dose also resulted in significantly improved weight gain and reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and virus titers in serum and liver. Prophylactic treatment with 2C9-clgG 24 h prior to virus challenge prevented the development of a virus-neutralizing antibody (vnAb) response in hamsters. Administration of a single ip dose of 380 mu g of 2C9-cIgG as late as 72 h post-YFV challenge also resulted in significant improvement in survival rates. Hamsters treated at 4-72 h post-virus challenge developed a robust vnAb response. Enhanced survival and improvement of various disease parameters in the hamster model when MAb 2C9-cIgG is administered up to 3 days after virus challenge demonstrate the clinical potential of specific antibody therapy for YF. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Julander, Justin G.; Morrey, John D.] Utah State Univ, Inst Antiviral Res, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Thibodeaux, Brett A.; Roehrig, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Thibodeaux, Brett A.; Blair, Carol D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Blair, CD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 1692 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM cblair@colostate.edu FU Virology Branch, DMID, NIAID/NIH [HHSN272201000039I/ HHSN27200004/A21]; NIH/NIAID [U54AI-065357] FX We thank Isaac Wong and Joe Piper for expert technical assistance and Jack Schlesinger for providing the mMAb 2C9 hybridoma. This work was supported by funding from the Virology Branch, DMID, NIAID/NIH (HHSN272201000039I/ HHSN27200004/A21) and by NIH/NIAID grant U54AI-065357 to the Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research (http://www.rmrce.colostate.edu/). NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 EI 1872-9096 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 103 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.12.011 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA AC8YM UT WOS:000332821000005 PM 24393669 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Botelho, JC Wang, YS AF Vesper, Hubert W. Botelho, Julianne C. Wang, Yuesong TI Challenges and improvements in testosterone and estradiol testing SO ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Review DE CDC hormone standardization; CDC HoSt; estradiol; steroid hormone testing; testosterone ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; SOCIETY POSITION STATEMENT; TOTAL SERUM TESTOSTERONE; EQUILIBRIUM DIALYSIS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; METABOLIC SYNDROME; BREAST-CANCER; SEX-HORMONES; MEN AB Assays that measure steroid hormones in patient care, public health, and research need to be both accurate and precise, as these criteria help to ensure comparability across all clinical and research applications. This review addresses major issues relevant to assay variability and describes recent activities by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to improve assay performance. Currently, high degrees of accuracy and precision are not always met for testosterone and estradiol measurements; although technologies for steroid hormone measurement have advanced significantly, measurement variability within and across laboratories has not improved accordingly. Differences in calibration and specificity are discussed as sources of variability in measurement accuracy. Ultimately, a combination of factors appears to cause inaccuracy of steroid hormone measurements, with nonuniform assay calibration and lack of specificity being two major contributors to assay variability. Within-assay variability for current assays is generally high, especially at low analyte concentrations. The CDC Hormone Standardization (HoSt) Program is improving clinical assays, as evidenced by a 50% decline in mean absolute bias between mass spectrometry assays and the CDC reference method from 2007 to 2011. This program provides the measurement traceability to CDC reference methods and helps to minimize factors affecting measurement variability. C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Botelho, Julianne C.; Wang, Yuesong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Chem Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Chem Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hvesper@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS & MEDIA PVT LTD PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1008-682X EI 1745-7262 J9 ASIAN J ANDROL JI Asian J. Androl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 178 EP 184 DI 10.4103/1008-682X.122338 PG 7 WC Andrology; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA AC7RP UT WOS:000332729700004 PM 24407184 ER PT J AU Flamme, GA Stephenson, MR Deiters, KK Hessenauer, A VanGessel, DK Geda, K Wyllys, K McGregor, KD AF Flamme, Gregory A. Stephenson, Mark R. Deiters, Kristy K. Hessenauer, Amanda VanGessel, Devon K. Geda, Kyle Wyllys, Krista McGregor, Kara D. TI Short-term variability of pure-tone thresholds obtained with TDH-39P earphones SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Audiometry; noise-induced hearing loss; reliability; occupational health ID HEARING CONSERVATION PROGRAM; SENNHEISER HDA-200; NOISE; RELIABILITY; PERMANENT; SHIFT AB Objective: To estimate the short-term variability and correlates of variability in pure-tone thresholds obtained using audiometric equipment designed for occupational use, and to examine the justification for excluding 8 kHz as a mandatory threshold in occupational hearing conservation programs. Method: Pure-tone thresholds and other hearing-related tests (e.g. noise dosimetry, otoscopy, middle-ear assessment) were conducted with a group of 527 adults between 20 and 69 years of age. Five measurement visits were completed by participants within 14 days. Results: The 50% critical difference boundaries were -5 and 0 dB at 4 kHz and below and -5 and 5 dB at 6 and 8 kHz. The likelihood of spurious notches due to test-retest variability was substantially lower than the likelihood of failing to detect a notched configuration when present. Correlates of variability included stimulus frequency, baseline threshold, acoustic reflectance of the ear, average noise exposure during the previous eight hours, age, and the tester's level of education in audiology. Conclusion: The short-term variability in 8-kHz pure-tone thresholds obtained with the TDH-39P earphone was slightly greater than at other frequencies, but this difference was not large enough to justify the disadvantages stemming from the inability to detect a 6-kHz notch. C1 [Flamme, Gregory A.; Deiters, Kristy K.; Hessenauer, Amanda; VanGessel, Devon K.; Geda, Kyle; Wyllys, Krista; McGregor, Kara D.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Stephenson, Mark R.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Flamme, GA (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 1903 W Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. EM greg.flamme@wmich.edu FU CDC/NIOSH [211-2009-31218] FX This study was supported by CDC/NIOSH Contract 211-2009-31218. Preliminary findings from this study were presented at the 2013 National Hearing Conservation Annual Conference in St. Petersburg, USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 SU 2 BP S5 EP S15 DI 10.3109/14992027.2013.857435 PG 11 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA AC9IE UT WOS:000332847000002 PM 24564693 ER PT J AU Meinke, DK Murphy, WJ Finan, DS Lankford, JE Flamme, GA Stewart, M Soendergaard, J Jerome, TW AF Meinke, Deanna K. Murphy, William J. Finan, Donald S. Lankford, James E. Flamme, Gregory A. Stewart, Michael Soendergaard, Jacob Jerome, Trevor W. TI Auditory risk estimates for youth target shooting SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Firearms; youth; recreational shooting; noise-induced hearing loss; auditory risk; impulse noise ID HEARING-LOSS; NOISE; CHILDREN AB Objective: To characterize the impulse noise exposure and auditory risk for youth recreational firearm users engaged in outdoor target shooting events. The youth shooting positions are typically standing or sitting at a table, which places the firearm closer to the ground or reflective surface when compared to adult shooters. Design: Acoustic characteristics were examined and the auditory risk estimates were evaluated using contemporary damage-risk criteria for unprotected adult listeners and the 120-dB peak limit suggested by the World Health Organization (1999) for children. Study sample: Impulses were generated by 26 firearm/ammunition configurations representing rifles, shotguns, and pistols used by youth. Measurements were obtained relative to a youth shooter's left ear. Results: All firearms generated peak levels that exceeded the 120 dB peak limit suggested by the WHO for children. In general, shooting from the seated position over a tabletop increases the peak levels, L-Aeq8 and reduces the unprotected maximum permissible exposures (MPEs) for both rifles and pistols. Pistols pose the greatest auditory risk when fired over a tabletop. Conclusion: Youth should utilize smaller caliber weapons, preferably from the standing position, and always wear hearing protection whenever engaging in shooting activities to reduce the risk for auditory damage. C1 [Meinke, Deanna K.; Finan, Donald S.] Univ No Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Murphy, William J.; Jerome, Trevor W.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Lankford, James E.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Flamme, Gregory A.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Stewart, Michael] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Soendergaard, Jacob] GRAS Sound & Vibrat, Twinsburg, OH USA. RP Meinke, DK (reprint author), Univ No Colorado, Campus Box 140, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. EM Deanna.Meinke@unco.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 SU 2 BP S16 EP S25 DI 10.3109/14992027.2013.865845 PG 10 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA AC9IE UT WOS:000332847000003 PM 24564688 ER PT J AU Murphy, WJ Griest, SE AF Murphy, William J. Griest, Susan E. TI The Art of Hearing Conservation Foreword SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Hearing loss; psychoacoustics/hearing science; hearing conservation; instrumentation; noise C1 [Murphy, William J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Griest, Susan E.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Hearing Res Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Griest, Susan E.] VA Med Ctr, Natl Ctr Rehabil Auditory Res, Portland, OR USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wjm4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 SU 2 BP S2 EP S3 DI 10.3109/14992027.2013.858188 PG 2 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA AC9IE UT WOS:000332847000001 PM 24564689 ER PT J AU Verbeek, JH Kateman, E Morata, TC Dreschler, WA Mischke, C AF Verbeek, Jos H. Kateman, Erik Morata, Thais C. Dreschler, Wouter A. Mischke, Christina TI Interventions to prevent occupational noise-induced hearing loss: A Cochrane systematic review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Noise; hearing conservation; demographics/epidemiology; behavioral measures ID CONSERVATION PROGRAM; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; CONSTRUCTION; WORKERS; THRESHOLDS; REDUCTION; COMPANY AB Objective: To assess the effectiveness of interventions for preventing occupational noise exposure or hearing loss compared to no intervention or alternative interventions. Design: We searched biomedical databases up to 25 January 2012 for randomized controlled trials (RCT), controlled before-after studies and interrupted time-series of hearing loss prevention among workers exposed to noise. Study sample: We included 19 studies with 82 794 participants evaluating effects of hearing loss prevention programs (HLPP). The overall quality of studies was low to very low, as rated using the GRADE approach. Results: One study of stricter legislation showed a favorable effect on noise levels. Three studies, of which two RCTs, did not find an effect of a HLPP. Four studies showed that better use of hearing protection devices in HLPPs decreased the risk of hearing loss. In four other studies, workers in a HLPP still had a 0.5 dB greater hearing loss at 4 kHz (95% CI -0.5 to 1.7) than non-exposed workers. In two similar studies there was a substantial risk of hearing loss in spite of a HLPP. Conclusions: Stricter enforcement of legislation and better implementation of HLPPs can reduce noise levels in workplaces. Better evaluations of technical interventions and long-term effects are needed. C1 [Verbeek, Jos H.; Mischke, Christina] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Cochrane Occupat Safety & Hlth Review Grp, Kuopio 70101, Finland. [Kateman, Erik] Aspen, Oss, Netherlands. [Morata, Thais C.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Dreschler, Wouter A.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Verbeek, JH (reprint author), Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Cochrane Occupat Safety & Hlth Review Grp, POB 310, Kuopio 70101, Finland. EM jos.verbeek@ttl.fi FU Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment; Cochrane Occupational Safety and Health Review Group; Cochrane ENT Disorders Review Group FX We would like to thank the Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment for the grant received to complete this review. In addition, we would like to thank Jani Ruotsalainen from the Cochrane Occupational Safety and Health Review Group and Jenny Bellorini from the Cochrane ENT Disorders Review Group for their support. We also thank Bas Sorgdrager who contributed to an earlier version of this review. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 36 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 SU 2 BP S84 EP S96 DI 10.3109/14992027.2013.857436 PG 13 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA AC9IE UT WOS:000332847000010 PM 24564697 ER PT J AU Stockwell, MS Broder, K LaRussa, P Lewis, P Fernandez, N Sharma, D Barrett, A Sosa, J Vellozzi, C AF Stockwell, Melissa S. Broder, Karen LaRussa, Philip Lewis, Paige Fernandez, Nadira Sharma, Devindra Barrett, Angela Sosa, Jose Vellozzi, Claudia TI Risk of Fever After Pediatric Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; FEBRILE SEIZURES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; SAFETY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; INFANTS; CYTOKINES AB IMPORTANCE An observational study found an increased risk of febrile seizure on the day of or 1 day after vaccination (days 0-1) with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in the 2010-2011 season; risk was highest with simultaneous vaccination with TIV and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) in children who were 6 to 23 months old. Text messaging is a novel method for surveillance of adverse events after immunization that has not been used for hypothesis-driven vaccine safety research. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate whether children receiving TIV and PCV13 simultaneously had higher rates of fever on days 0 to 1 than those receiving either product without the other. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective observational cohort study of parents of children 6 to 23 months old recruited from 3 medical center-affiliated clinics in New York City from November 1, 2011, through April 5, 2012. A total of 530 of 614 eligible participants (86.3%) were enrolled. Parents were texted on the night of vaccination (day 0) and the 7 subsequent nights (days 1-7) to report their child's temperature. We used log-binomial regression to calculate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) and excess risk for fever on days 0 to 1, adjusted for age group, past influenza vaccination and simultaneous receipt of selected inactivated vaccines. EXPOSURES Receipt of TIV and/or PCV13. MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S) Temperature of 38 C or higher on days 0 to 1 after vaccination. RESULTS On days 0 to 1, children receiving TIV and PCV13 simultaneously had higher rates (37.6%) of fever (temperature >38 degrees C) than those receiving TIV (7.5%; aRR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.30-5.60) or PCV13 (9.5%; aRR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.25-5.66). The excess risk of fever after TIV and PCV13 was 20 and 23 per 100 vaccinations compared with TIV without PCV13 and PCV13 without TIV, respectively. Fever rates for days 2 to 7 were similar across groups. For days 0 to 1, 74.8% of the text messages were confirmed delivered; for another 9.0%, delivery status was unknown. Response rates were 95.1% and 90.9% for days 0 and 1 for confirmed delivered messages, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Simultaneous TIV and PCV13 administration was associated with higher transient increased fever risk than administration of either vaccine without the other product. Text messaging to prospectively assess a specific vaccine adverse event has potential for enhancing prelicensure and postlicensure monitoring of adverse events after immunization and deserves further study. C1 [Stockwell, Melissa S.; LaRussa, Philip; Fernandez, Nadira; Barrett, Angela; Sosa, Jose] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Stockwell, Melissa S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Populat & Family Hlth, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Stockwell, Melissa S.] New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY USA. [Broder, Karen; Lewis, Paige; Sharma, Devindra; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stockwell, MS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Div Child & Adolescent Hlth, 622 W 168th St,VC 417, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM mss2112@columbia.edu FU Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded by the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 168 IS 3 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.4469 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AC8GR UT WOS:000332772000007 PM 24395025 ER PT J AU Springer, YP Eisen, L Beati, L James, AM Eisen, RJ AF Springer, Yuri P. Eisen, Lars Beati, Lorenza James, Angela M. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Spatial Distribution of Counties in the Continental United States With Records of Occurrence of Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma americanum; geographic distribution; surveillance; tick; vector ID LONE STAR TICK; WHITE-TAILED DEER; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; LYME-DISEASE; NEW-YORK; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; ACARINA-IXODIDAE; HOST; EHRLICHIA AB In addition to being a major nuisance biter, the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum ( L.), is increasingly recognized as an important vector of pathogens affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Despite its notoriety, efforts have been lacking to define the spatial occurrence of A. americanum in the continental United States with precision beyond that conveyed in continental-scale distribution maps. Here we present a county-level distribution map for A. americanum generated by compiling collection records obtained from a search of the published literature and databases managed by the USDA, U. S. National Tick Collection, and Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit. Our decadal and cumulative maps, which visually summarize 18,121 collections made between 1898 and 2012, show that A. americanum is either established (>= six ticks or >= two life stages) or reported (>= six ticks of a single life stage or number of ticks not specified) in 1,300 counties distributed among 39 states and the District of Columbia. Our cumulative map depicts a species with a core distributional area in the southern part of the eastern United States, but that also occurs further north, especially along the Atlantic Coast and into the Midwest. Although our decadal maps suggest a northward shift in the tick's distribution in recent decades, the lack of systematic tick surveillance makes this difficult to confirm. The data presented herein should aid in identifying areas posing risk for A. americanum-associated illnesses and environmental correlates that define the tick's distributional limits. C1 [Springer, Yuri P.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Springer, Yuri P.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Enter & Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Eisen, Lars] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Beati, Lorenza] Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [James, Angela M.] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [James, Angela M.] USDA APHIS, Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Springer, YP (reprint author), Natl Ecol Observ Network, 1685 38th St Ste 100, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM yurispringer@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1026146] FX We thank D. Gudex-Cross for help with location verification of geocoded collection records, R. Cortinas for discussions about the distribution of A. americanum in Nebraska, and staff of the NVSL Pathobiology laboratory for tick identification records included in CEAH's tick geodatabase. L. Beati was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant 1026146. NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 36 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 51 IS 2 BP 342 EP 351 DI 10.1603/ME13115 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AC5CW UT WOS:000332539500005 PM 24724282 ER PT J AU Burkhalter, KL Horiuchi, K Biggerstaff, BJ Savage, HM Nasci, RS AF Burkhalter, Kristen L. Horiuchi, Kalanthe Biggerstaff, Brad J. Savage, Harry M. Nasci, Roger S. TI EVALUATION OF A RAPID ANALYTE MEASUREMENT PLATFORM AND REAL-TIME REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY WEST NILE VIRUS DETECTION SYSTEM IN MOSQUITO POOLS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; RAMP (R) test; real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; rapid detection; mosquito; vector ID UNITED-STATES; SPECIMENS; ANTIGEN AB We evaluated the commercially available Rapid Analyte Measurement Platform (RAMP (R)) West Nile virus (WNV) antigen detection test for sensitivity and consistency with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmation testing. Panels of samples consisting of WNV-spiked mosquito pools and negative control pools were sent to 20 mosquito abatement districts (MADs) that processed the pools using the RAMP assay. The samples were then sent to the reference laboratories used by the MADs for confirmation by real-time RT-PCR. Positive pools with virus titers of roughly 1-3 log(10) PFU/ml had RAMP scores above the RAMP test positive cutoff score of 30 RAMP units, but these virus-positive samples could not be reliably confirmed by real-time RT-PCR testing. Pools with virus titers >= 4 log(10) PFU/ml scored >= 50 RAMP units. Real-time RT-PCR results varied among the confirmation laboratories. With few exceptions, pools returning a RAMP score of >= 100 were confirmed with real-time RT-PCR, while pools returning a RAMP score of 50-99 appeared to be at the limit of real-time RT-PCR detection. Therefore, we recommend using a positive cutoff of 50 RAMP units with no real-time RT-PCR confirmation to maximize speed, efficiency, and economy of the RAMP assay. A more conservative approach would be to implement a "gray zone'' range of 50-100 RAMP units. Pools scoring within the gray zone could be submitted for real-time RT-PCR confirmation with the understanding that positive pools may not confirm due to the inhibitory effect of the RAMP buffer on the real-time RT-PCR assay. We also conducted a series of experiments using laboratory-prepared mosquito pools spiked with WNV to compare mosquito homogenization buffers, pool sizes, and grinding methods in order to determine how these variables affect the RAMP and real-time RT-PCR assay results. C1 [Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Horiuchi, Kalanthe; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Savage, Harry M.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Burkhalter, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.2987/13-6386.1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AC8NI UT WOS:000332789500003 PM 24772673 ER PT J AU Grad, YH Kirkcaldy, RD Trees, D Dordel, J Harris, SR Goldstein, E Weinstock, H Parkhill, J Hanage, WP Bentley, S Lipsitch, M AF Grad, Yonatan H. Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Trees, David Dordel, Janina Harris, Simon R. Goldstein, Edward Weinstock, Hillard Parkhill, Julian Hanage, William P. Bentley, Stephen Lipsitch, Marc TI Genomic epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime in the USA: a retrospective observational study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN-2; MOSAIC-LIKE STRUCTURE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SAN-FRANCISCO; UNITED-STATES; RESISTANCE; SPREAD; PENA; CEPHALOSPORINS AB Background The emergence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with decreased susceptibility to extended spectrum cephalosporins raises the prospect of untreatable gonorrhoea. In the absence of new treatments, efforts to slow the increasing incidence of resistant gonococcus require insight into the factors that contribute to its emergence and spread. We assessed the relatedness between isolates in the USA and reconstructed likely spread of lineages through different sexual networks. Methods We sequenced the genomes of 236 isolates of N gonorrhoeae collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) from sentinel public sexually transmitted disease clinics in the USA, including 118 (97%) of the isolates from 2009-10 in GISP with reduced susceptibility to cefixime (cef(RS)) and 118 cefixime-susceptible isolates from GISP matched as closely as possible by location, collection date, and sexual orientation. We assessed the association between antimicrobial resistance genotype and phenotype and correlated phylogenetic clustering with location and sexual orientation. Findings Mosaic penA XXXIV had a high positive predictive value for cef(RS). We found that two of the 118 cef(RS) isolates lacked a mosaic penA allele, and rechecking showed that these two were susceptible to cefixime. Of the 116 remaining cef(RS) isolates, 114 (98%) fell into two distinct lineages that have independently acquired mosaic penA allele XXXIV. A major lineage of cef(RS) strains spread eastward, predominantly through a sexual network of men who have sex with men. Eight of nine inferred transitions between sexual networks were introductions from men who have sex with men into the heterosexual population. Interpretation Genomic methods might aid efforts to slow the spread of antibiotic-resistant N gonorrhoeae through augmentation of gonococcal outbreak surveillance and identification of populations that could benefit from increased screening for aymptomatic infections. C1 [Grad, Yonatan H.; Goldstein, Edward; Hanage, William P.; Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lipsitch, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grad, Yonatan H.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Trees, David; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dordel, Janina; Harris, Simon R.; Parkhill, Julian; Bentley, Stephen] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Bentley, Stephen] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. RP Grad, YH (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Kresge Bldg Room 506, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM ygrad@hsph.harvard.edu RI Harris, Simon/K-1318-2013; Parkhill, Julian/G-4703-2011; OI Harris, Simon/0000-0003-1512-6194; Parkhill, Julian/0000-0002-7069-5958; Dordel, Janina/0000-0002-0839-2235 FU American Sexually Transmitted Disease Association; Wellcome Trust; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health FX Funding American Sexually Transmitted Disease Association, Wellcome Trust, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NR 38 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 220 EP 226 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70693-5 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AC8YN UT WOS:000332821100027 PM 24462211 ER PT J AU Carr, SA Abbatiello, SE Ackermann, BL Borchers, C Domon, B Deutsch, EW Grant, RP Hoofnagle, AN Huttenhain, R Koomen, JM Liebler, DC Liu, T MacLean, B Mani, D Mansfield, E Neubert, H Paulovich, AG Reiter, L Vitek, O Aebersold, R Anderson, L Bethem, R Blonder, J Boja, E Botelho, J Boyne, M Bradshaw, RA Burlingame, AL Chan, D Keshishian, H Kuhn, E Kinsinger, C Lee, JSH Lee, SW Moritz, R Oses-Prieto, J Rifai, N Ritchie, J Rodriguez, H Srinivas, PR Townsend, RR Van Eyk, J Whiteley, G Wiita, A Weintraub, S AF Carr, Steven A. Abbatiello, Susan E. Ackermann, Bradley L. Borchers, Christoph Domon, Bruno Deutsch, Eric W. Grant, Russell P. Hoofnagle, Andrew N. Huettenhain, Ruth Koomen, John M. Liebler, Daniel C. Liu, Tao MacLean, Brendan Mani, D. R. Mansfield, Elizabeth Neubert, Hendrik Paulovich, Amanda G. Reiter, Lukas Vitek, Olga Aebersold, Ruedi Anderson, Leigh Bethem, Robert Blonder, Josip Boja, Emily Botelho, Julianne Boyne, Michael Bradshaw, Ralph A. Burlingame, Alma L. Chan, Daniel Keshishian, Hasmik Kuhn, Eric Kinsinger, Christopher Lee, Jerry S. H. Lee, Sang-Won Moritz, Robert Oses-Prieto, Juan Rifai, Nader Ritchie, James Rodriguez, Henry Srinivas, Pothur R. Townsend, R. Reid Van Eyk, Jennifer Whiteley, Gordon Wiita, Arun Weintraub, Susan TI Targeted Peptide Measurements in Biology and Medicine: Best Practices for Mass Spectrometry- based Assay Development Using a Fit- for- Purpose Approach SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID DATA-INDEPENDENT ACQUISITION; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION DATA; EUROPEAN BIOANALYSIS FORUM; LC-MS/MS ASSAY; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; INBORN-ERRORS; ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY AB Adoption of targeted mass spectrometry (MS) approaches such as multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to study biological and biomedical questions is well underway in the proteomics community. Successful application depends on the ability to generate reliable assays that uniquely and confidently identify target peptides in a sample. Unfortunately, there is a wide range of criteria being applied to say that an assay has been successfully developed. There is no consensus on what criteria are acceptable and little understanding of the impact of variable criteria on the quality of the results generated. Publications describing targeted MS assays for peptides frequently do not contain sufficient information for readers to establish confidence that the tests work as intended or to be able to apply the tests described in their own labs. Guidance must be developed so that targeted MS assays with established performance can be made widely distributed and applied by many labs worldwide. To begin to address the problems and their solutions, a workshop was held at the National Institutes of Health with representatives from the multiple communities developing and employing targeted MS assays. Participants discussed the analytical goals of their experiments and the experimental evidence needed to establish that the assays they develop work as intended and are achieving the required levels of performance. Using this fit-for-purpose approach, the group defined three tiers of assays distinguished by their performance and extent of analytical characterization. Computational and statistical tools useful for the analysis of targeted MS results were described. Participants also detailed the information that authors need to provide in their manuscripts to enable reviewers and readers to clearly understand what procedures were performed and to evaluate the reliability of the peptide or protein quantification measurements reported. This paper presents a summary of the meeting and recommendations. C1 [Carr, Steven A.; Abbatiello, Susan E.; Mani, D. R.; Keshishian, Hasmik; Kuhn, Eric] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Ackermann, Bradley L.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Borchers, Christoph] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Domon, Bruno] Luxembourg Clin Prote Ctr, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Deutsch, Eric W.; Moritz, Robert] Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA USA. [Grant, Russell P.] Lab Corp Amer, Burlington, NC USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.; MacLean, Brendan] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Huettenhain, Ruth; Aebersold, Ruedi] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mol Syst Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Huettenhain, Ruth; Bradshaw, Ralph A.; Burlingame, Alma L.; Oses-Prieto, Juan; Wiita, Arun] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Koomen, John M.] Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Tampa, FL 33682 USA. [Liebler, Daniel C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Liu, Tao] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mansfield, Elizabeth; Boyne, Michael] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Neubert, Hendrik] Pfizer, Andover, MA USA. [Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Reiter, Lukas] Biognosys Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland. [Vitek, Olga] Purdue Univ, Purdue, IN USA. [Anderson, Leigh] SISCAPA Assay Technol Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Bethem, Robert] RAB Consulting, Novato, CA USA. [Blonder, Josip; Boja, Emily; Kinsinger, Christopher; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Botelho, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chan, Daniel; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Van Eyk, Jennifer] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lee, Sang-Won] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ritchie, James] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Srinivas, Pothur R.] NHLBI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA. [Townsend, R. Reid] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Whiteley, Gordon] Liedos Biomed Res Inc, Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Washington, DC USA. [Weintraub, Susan] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Carr, SA (reprint author), Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Dept Prote, 7 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM scarr@broad.mit.edu RI Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013; Lee, Jerry/K-4553-2014; OI Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084; Oses-Prieto, Juan/0000-0003-4759-2341; Lee, Jerry/0000-0003-1515-0952; Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031 FU Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; US National Institutes of Health from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium Initiative [U24CA160034]; US National Institutes of Health from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201000033C, R01HL096738] FX This work was supported in part by the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and by the following grants from the US National Institutes of Health: grant U24CA160034 from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium Initiative (to S.A.C.) and grants HHSN268201000033C and R01HL096738 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (to S.A.C.). NR 98 TC 142 Z9 143 U1 11 U2 61 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 EI 1535-9484 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 907 EP 917 DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.036095 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC3BX UT WOS:000332391100017 PM 24443746 ER PT J AU Ailes, EC Gilboa, SM Riehle-Colarusso, T Johnson, CY Hobbs, CA Correa, A Honein, MA AF Ailes, Elizabeth C. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Johnson, Candice Y. Hobbs, Charlotte A. Correa, Adolfo Honein, Margaret A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Prenatal diagnosis of nonsyndromic congenital heart defects SO PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article ID BIRTH-DEFECTS; FETAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; MORTALITY; NEWBORNS AB Objectives Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur in nearly 1% of live births. We sought to assess factors associated with prenatal CHD diagnosis in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). Methods We analyzed data from mothers with CHD-affected pregnancies from 1998 to 2005. Prenatal CHD diagnosis was defined as affirmative responses to questions about abnormal prenatal ultrasounds and fetal echocardiography obtained during a structured telephone interview. Results Fifteen percent (1097/7299) of women with CHD-affected pregnancies (excluding recognized syndromes and single-gene disorders) reported receiving a prenatal CHD diagnosis. Prenatal CHD diagnosis was positively associated with advanced maternal age, family history of CHD, type 1 or type 2 diabetes, twin or higher-order gestation, CHD complexity, and presence of extracardiac defects. Prenatal CHD diagnosis was inversely associated with maternal Hispanic race/ethnicity, prepregnancy overweight or obesity, and preexisting hypertension. Prenatal CHD diagnosis varied by time to NBDPS interview and NBDPS study site. Conclusions Further work is warranted to identify reasons for the observed variability in maternal reports of prenatal CHD diagnosis and the extent to which differences in health literacy or health system factors such as access to specialized prenatal care and fetal echocardiography may account for such variability. (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Ailes, Elizabeth C.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Johnson, Candice Y.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ailes, Elizabeth C.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hobbs, Charlotte A.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Med, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Ailes, EC (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EAiles@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001] FX This work was supported through cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081 and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-3851 EI 1097-0223 J9 PRENATAL DIAG JI Prenat. Diagn. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 214 EP 222 DI 10.1002/pd.4282 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AD1UX UT WOS:000333020300002 PM 24222433 ER PT J AU Langley, R Mack, K Haileyesus, T Proescholdbell, S Annest, JL AF Langley, Ricky Mack, Karin Haileyesus, Tadesse Proescholdbell, Scott Annest, Joseph L. TI National Estimates of Noncanine Bite and Sting Injuries Treated in US Hospital Emergency Departments, 2001-2010 SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE insect; wasps; hornet; bee; ant; arachnid; reptile; snake; stings; bites; emergency ID UNITED-STATES; BED BUGS; DOG; PREVENTION; FATALITIES AB Objective.-Injuries resulting from contact with animals and insects are a significant public health concern. This study quantifies nonfatal bite and sting injuries by noncanine sources using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AlP). Methods.-The NEISS-AIP is an ongoing nationally representative surveillance system used to monitor all types and causes of injuries treated in US hospital emergency departments (EDs). Cases were coded by trained hospital coders using information from medical records on animal and insect sources of bite and sting injuries being treated. Data were weighted to produce national annualized estimates, percentages, and rates based on the US population. Results.-From 2001 to 2010 an estimated 10.1 million people visited EDs for noncanine bite and sting injuries, based on an unweighted case count of 169,010. This translates to a rate of 340.1 per 100,000 people (95% CI, 232.9-447.3). Insects accounted for 67.5% (95% CI, 45.8-89.2) of bite and sting injuries, followed by arachnids 20.8% (95% CI, 13.8-27.9). The estimated number of ED visits for bedbug bite injuries increased more than 7-fold from 2156 visits in 2007 to 15,945 visits in 2010. Conclusions.-This study provides an update of national estimates of noncanine bite and sting injuries and describes the diversity of animal exposures based on a national sample of EDs. Treatment of nonfatal bite and sting injuries are costly to society. Direct medical and work time lost translates to an estimated $7.5 billion annually. C1 [Langley, Ricky; Proescholdbell, Scott] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Mack, Karin; Haileyesus, Tadesse; Annest, Joseph L.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Langley, R (reprint author), North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. EM Rick.langley@dhhs.nc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1080-6032 EI 1545-1534 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SPR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 1 BP 14 EP 23 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA AC5XA UT WOS:000332593100003 PM 24433776 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, N Herrick, K Paulose-Ram, R Johnson, C AF Ahluwalia, Namanjeet Herrick, Kirsten Paulose-Ram, Ryne Johnson, Clifford TI Data needs for B-24 and beyond: NHANES data relevant for nutrition surveillance of infants and young children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Evaluating the Diet-Related Scientific Literature for Children from Birth to 24 Months - The B-24 Project CY FEB 05-07, 2013 CL Rockville, MD SP US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot ID FEEDING PRACTICES; TODDLERS; PATTERNS; DESIGN; ENERGY; COHORT AB The period from birth to 24 mo (B-24) is a critical phase in which nutrient requirements for growth and development are high and several transitions in food consumption practices occur. A few large-scale national studies (eg, the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study and Infant Feeding Practices Study) offer important insights into infant feeding practices and food consumption patterns in young children in the United States. The NHANES collects comprehensive cross-sectional data on the nutrition and health of Americans including infants and toddlers. This article describes the NHANES program and data from NHANES 1999-2010 on young children that are relevant for the B-24 Project. NHANES is a nationally representative survey of the noninstitutionalized US population that combines personal interviews with standardized physical examination and measurements via mobile examination centers. Data on infant feeding practices (breastfeeding and timing of introduction and nature of complementary foods), dietary intake (two 24-h recalls), and nutrient supplements are collected. Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biomarkers of nutrient status, food security, and participation in federal nutrition programs are also available. Data can be accessed online, downloaded, and pooled over several survey cycles, allowing examination of infant feeding practices, food and nutrient intakes, and nutritional status of Americans <2 y old. Subgroup analyses by race-ethnicity and income status are also possible. NHANES responds to evolving data needs, as feasible, in the context of the survey design, research priorities, and funding. It offers a vehicle for potentially gathering additional data on children <2 y to address the objectives of the B-24 Project in the future. C1 [Ahluwalia, Namanjeet; Herrick, Kirsten; Paulose-Ram, Ryne; Johnson, Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ahluwalia, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4110, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM naman.ahluwalia@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 IS 3 SU S BP 747S EP 754S DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.069062 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB9VO UT WOS:000332144000011 PM 24452232 ER PT J AU Yeh, S Mink, C Kim, M Naylor, S Zangwill, KM Allred, NJ AF Yeh, Sylvia Mink, ChrisAnna Kim, Matthew Naylor, Scott Zangwill, Kenneth M. Allred, Norma J. TI Effectiveness of hospital-based postpartum procedures on pertussis vaccination among postpartum women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE opt-in; postpartum; standing orders; Tdap; vaccination ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; INCREASE INFLUENZA; STANDING ORDERS; MEDIA COVERAGE; RATES; POPULATION; CHILDREN; PROGRAM AB OBJECTIVE: Pertussis causes significant morbidity among adults, children, and especially infants. Since 2006, pertussis vaccination has been recommended for women after delivery. We conducted a prospective, controlled evaluation of in-hospital postpartum pertussis vaccination of birth mothers from October 2009 through July 2010 to evaluate the effectiveness of hospital-based procedures in increasing postpartum vaccination. STUDY DESIGN: The intervention and comparison hospitals are private community facilities, each with 2000-6000 births/year. At the intervention hospital, physician opt-in orders for tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) before discharge were implemented in November 2009, followed by standing orders in February 2010. The comparison hospital maintained standard practice. Randomly selected hospital charts of women after delivery were reviewed for receipt of Tdap and demographic data. We evaluated postpartum Tdap vaccination rates and conducted multivariate analyses to evaluate characteristics that are associated with vaccination. We reviewed 1264 charts (658 intervention hospital; 606 comparison hospital) from women with completed deliveries. RESULTS: Tdap postpartum vaccination was 0% at both hospitals at baseline. In the intervention hospital, the introduction of the opt-in order was followed by an increase in postpartum vaccination to 18%. The introduction of the standing order approach was followed by a further increase to 69% (P < .0001). No postpartum Tdap vaccinations were documented in the comparison hospital. Postpartum Tdap vaccination in the intervention hospital did not differ by demographic characteristics. CONCLUSION: In-hospital ordering procedures substantially increased Tdap vaccination coverage in women after delivery. Opt-in orders increased coverage that increased substantially with standing orders. C1 [Yeh, Sylvia; Mink, ChrisAnna; Zangwill, Kenneth M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor UCLA, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Dept Pediat,Div Pediat Infect Dis, Torrance, CA USA. [Yeh, Sylvia; Mink, ChrisAnna; Kim, Matthew; Zangwill, Kenneth M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Torrance, CA USA. [Kim, Matthew] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Naylor, Scott] Providence Little Co Mary Hosp, Dept Perinatal Med, Torrance, CA USA. [Allred, Norma J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yeh, S (reprint author), Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, 1124 W Carson St,Liu Res Bldg, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. EM syeh@labiomed.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01-IP000192] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, grant number 5U01-IP000192. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 210 IS 3 AR 237.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.043 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AC3FV UT WOS:000332402000017 PM 24096180 ER PT J AU Jones, AH Becknell, S Withers, PC Ruiz-Tiben, E Hopkins, DR Stobbelaar, D Makoy, SY AF Jones, Alexander H. Becknell, Steven Withers, P. Craig Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto Hopkins, Donald R. Stobbelaar, David Makoy, Samuel Yibi TI Logistics of Guinea Worm Disease Eradication in South Sudan SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DRACUNCULIASIS ERADICATION; SMALLPOX AB From 2006 to 2012, the South Sudan Guinea Worm Eradication Program reduced new Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis) cases by over 90%, despite substantial programmatic challenges. Program logistics have played a key role in program achievements to date. The program uses disease surveillance and program performance data and integrated technical-logistical staffing to maintain flexible and effective logistical support for active community-based surveillance and intervention delivery in thousands of remote communities. Lessons learned from logistical design and management can resonate across similar complex surveillance and public health intervention delivery programs, such as mass drug administration for the control of neglected tropical diseases and other disease eradication programs. Logistical challenges in various public health scenarios and the pivotal contribution of logistics to Guinea worm case reductions in South Sudan underscore the need for additional inquiry into the role of logistics in public health programming in low-income countries. C1 [Jones, Alexander H.; Withers, P. Craig; Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto; Hopkins, Donald R.; Stobbelaar, David] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Hlth Programs, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Minist Hlth, Directorate Prevent Hlth Serv, South Sudan Guinea Worm Eradicat Program, Juba, South Sudan, Sudan. [Becknell, Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Makoy, Samuel Yibi] Minist Hlth, Directorate Publ Hlth, Juba, South Sudan, Sudan. RP Jones, AH (reprint author), 453 Freedom Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM jonesahj@yahoo.com; ziq1@ug.cdc.gov; cwither@emory.edu; eruizt@emory.edu; sdsulli@emory.edu; resadv@cartercenter-ssudan.com; makoy@cartercenter-ssudan.com NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0110 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900003 PM 24445199 ER PT J AU Staples, JE Shankar, MB Sejvar, JJ Meltzer, MI Fischer, M AF Staples, J. Erin Shankar, Manjunath B. Sejvar, James J. Meltzer, Martin I. Fischer, Marc TI Initial and Long-Term Costs of Patients Hospitalized with West Nile Virus Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NEUROINVASIVE DISEASE; FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES; INFECTION; ENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK AB There are no published data on the economic burden for specific West Nile virus (WNV) clinical syndromes (i.e., fever, meningitis, encephalitis, and acute flaccid paralysis [AFP]). We estimated initial hospital and lost-productivity costs from 80 patients hospitalized with WNV disease in Colorado during 2003; 38 of these patients were followed for 5 years to determine long-term medical and lost-productivity costs. Initial costs were highest for patients with AFP (median $25,117; range $5,385-$283,381) and encephalitis (median $20,105; range $3,965-$324,167). Long-term costs were highest for patients with AFP (median $22,628; range $624-$439,945) and meningitis (median $10,556; range $0-$260,748). Extrapolating from this small cohort to national surveillance data, we estimated the total cumulative costs of reported WNV hospitalized cases from 1999 through 2012 to be $778 million (95% confidence interval $673 million-$1.01 billion). These estimates can be used in assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent WNV disease. C1 [Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prion & Hlth Off, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Shankar, Manjunath B.; Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci & Program Serv Branch, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prion & Publ Hlth Off, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Staples, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM AUV1@cdc.gov; kiu8@cdc.gov; zea3@cdc.gov; qzm4@cdc.gov; mxf2@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 402 EP 409 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0206 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900004 PM 24515937 ER PT J AU Chen, YS Shieh, WJ Goldsmith, CS Metcalfe, MG Greer, PW Zaki, SR Chang, HH Chan, H Chen, YL AF Chen, Yao-Shen Shieh, Wun-Ju Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Greer, Patricia W. Zaki, Sherif R. Chang, Hsin-Hou Chan, Hao Chen, Ya-Lei TI Alteration of the Phenotypic and Pathogenic Patterns of Burkholderia pseudomallei that Persist in a Soil Environment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID COLONY MORPHOLOGY; BIOFILM FORMATION; NORTHEAST THAILAND; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL; MURINE MODEL; MELIOIDOSIS; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; RESISTANCE; MOTILITY AB Melioidosis is caused by the soil-borne pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei. To investigate whether the distinct phenotypic and virulent characteristics result from environmental adaptations in the soil or from the host body, two pairs of isogenic strains were generated by passages in soil or mice. After cultivation in soil, the levels of 3-hydroxyletradecanoic acid, biofilm formation, flagellar expression, and ultrastructure were altered in the bacteria. Uniformly fatal melioidosis developed as a result of infection with mouse-derived strains; however, the survival rates of mice infected with soil-derived strains prolonged. After primary infection or reinfection with soil-derived strains, the mice developed a low degree of bacterial hepatitis and bacterial colonization in the liver and bone marrow compared with mice that were infected with isogenic or heterogenic mouse-derived strains. We suggest that specific phenotypic and pathogenic patterns can be induced through infection with B. pseudomallei that has been cultured in different (soil versus mouse) environments. C1 [Chen, Yao-Shen] Kaohsiung Vet Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Chen, Yao-Shen] Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ, Grad Inst Sci Educ & Environm Educ, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Chen, Yao-Shen] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Internal Med, Taipei 112, Taiwan. [Shieh, Wun-Ju] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chang, Hsin-Hou; Chan, Hao] Tzu Chi Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Human Genet, Hualien, Taiwan. Tzu Chi Univ, Inst Med Sci, Hualien, Taiwan. Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Goldsmith, Cynthia S.; Metcalfe, Maureen G.; Greer, Patricia W.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chen, Ya-Lei] Natl Kaohsiung Normal Univ, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. RP Chen, YL (reprint author), 62 Shen Chung Rd, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan. EM dan1001@ms31.hinet.net; WShieh@cdc.gov; csg1@cdc.gov; gnf3@cdc.gov; pwg1@cdc.gov; sxz1@cdc.gov; hhchang@mail.tcu.edu.tw; b_pseudo@yahoo.com.tw; dan1001@ms31.hinet.net FU [NSC 99-2320-B-017-002-MY3]; [NSC99-2320-B-075B-001-MY3]; [VGHKS102-016]; [VGHKS99-038] FX This work was supported by grants NSC 99-2320-B-017-002-MY3, NSC99-2320-B-075B-001-MY3, VGHKS102-016, and VGHKS99-038. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 469 EP 479 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0051 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900014 PM 24445207 ER PT J AU Moore, SM Eisen, RJ Monaghan, A Mead, P AF Moore, Sean M. Eisen, Rebecca J. Monaghan, Andrew Mead, Paul TI Meteorological Influences on the Seasonality of Lyme Disease in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; BLACKLEGGED TICK ACARI; IXODIDAE NYMPHS; NEW-JERSEY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CLIMATIC CONDITIONS; SATURATION DEFICIT; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY AB Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi infection) is the most common vector-transmitted disease in the United States. The majority of human Lyme disease (LD) cases occur in the summer months, but the timing of the peak occurrence varies geographically and from year to year. We calculated the beginning, peak, end, and duration of the main LD season in 12 highly endemic states from 1992 to 2007 and then examined the association between the timing of these seasonal variables and several meteorological variables. An earlier beginning to the LD season was positively associated with higher cumulative growing degree days through Week 20, lower cumulative precipitation, a lower saturation deficit, and proximity to the Atlantic coast. The timing of the peak and duration of the LD season were also associated with cumulative growing degree days, saturation deficit, and cumulative precipitation, but no meteorological predictors adequately explained the timing of the end of the LD season. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Eisen, Rebecca J.; Mead, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Moore, Sean M.; Monaghan, Andrew] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Moore, SM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM smoore@ucar.edu; Dyn2@cdc.gov; monaghan@ucar.edu; Pfm0@cdc.gov OI Monaghan, Andrew/0000-0002-8170-2359 FU National Science Foundation FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is funded in part by the National Science Foundation. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 486 EP 496 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0180 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900016 PM 24470565 ER PT J AU Nguyen, VD Sreenivasan, N Lam, E Ayers, T Kargbo, D Dafae, F Jambai, A Alemu, W Kamara, A Islam, MS Stroika, S Bopp, C Quick, R Mintz, ED Brunkard, JM AF Nguyen, Von D. Sreenivasan, Nandini Lam, Eugene Ayers, Tracy Kargbo, David Dafae, Foday Jambai, Amara Alemu, Wondimagegnehu Kamara, Abdul Islam, M. Sirajul Stroika, Steven Bopp, Cheryl Quick, Robert Mintz, Eric D. Brunkard, Joan M. TI Cholera Epidemic Associated with Consumption of Unsafe Drinking Water and Street-Vended Water-Eastern Freetown, Sierra Leone, 2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; TRANSMISSION; AFRICA; RESISTANCE; GUATEMALA; STORAGE; KENYA; HAITI; RISK AB During 2012, Sierra Leone experienced a cholera epidemic with 22,815 reported cases and 296 deaths. We conducted a matched case-control study to assess risk factors, enrolling 49 cases and 98 controls. Stool specimens were analyzed by culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Conditional logistic regression found that consuming unsafe water (matched odds ratio [mOR]: 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1, 11.0), street-vended water (mOR: 9.4; 95% CI: 2.0, 43.7), and crab (mOR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.03, 10.6) were significant risk factors for cholera infection. Of 30 stool specimens, 13 (43%) showed PCR evidence of toxigenic Vibrio cholerac O1. Six specimens yielded isolates of V. cholerae O1, El Tor; PFGE identified a pattern previously observed in seven countries. We recommended ensuring the quality of improved water sources, promoting household chlorination, and educating street vendors on water handling practices. C1 [Nguyen, Von D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kargbo, David; Dafae, Foday; Jambai, Amara; Kamara, Abdul] Sierra Leone Minist Hlth & Sanitat, Freetown, Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone World Hlth Org Country Off, WHO Representat Off, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Islam, M. Sirajul] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Environm Microbiol Lab, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Nguyen, Von D.; Sreenivasan, Nandini; Ayers, Tracy; Stroika, Steven; Bopp, Cheryl; Quick, Robert; Mintz, Eric D.; Brunkard, Joan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lam, Eugene] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alemu, Wondimagegnehu] Uganda World Hlth Org Country Off, Kampala, Uganda. RP Nguyen, VD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dly1@cdc.gov; vii2@cdc.gov; vif4@cdc.gov; eyk6@cdc.gov; dkkargbo@yahoo.com; fodaydafae@yahoo.co.uk; amarajambai@yahoo.com; alemuw@ug.afro.who.int; abdulatkamara@gmail.com; sislam@icdclrb.org; fru3@cdc.gov; cab4@cdc.gov; rxq1@cdc.gov; edm1@cdc.gov; feu4@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 FU CDC Global Disease Detection Operations Center Outbreak Response Contingency Fund FX Financial support was provided by the CDC Global Disease Detection Operations Center Outbreak Response Contingency Fund. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 518 EP 523 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0567 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900020 PM 24470563 ER PT J AU Stoney, RJ Jentes, ES Sotir, MJ Kozarsky, P Rao, SR LaRocque, RC Ryan, ET AF Stoney, Rhett J. Jentes, Emily S. Sotir, Mark J. Kozarsky, Phyllis Rao, Sowmya R. LaRocque, Regina C. Ryan, Edward T. CA Global TravEpiNet Consortium TI Pre-Travel Preparation of US Travelers Going Abroad to Provide Humanitarian Service, Global TravEpiNet 2009-2011 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS; GEOSENTINEL EXPERIENCE; AMERICAN MISSIONARIES; FOREIGN BACKPACKERS; HEALTH-CARE; RISK; PREEXPOSURE; PREVENTION; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES AB We analyzed characteristics of humanitarian service workers (HSWs) seen pre-travel at Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) practices during 2009-2011. Of 23,264 travelers, 3,663 (16%) travelers were classified as HSWs. Among HSWs, 1,269 (35%) travelers were medical workers, 1,298 (35%) travelers were non-medical service workers, and 990 (27%) travelers were missionaries. Median age was 29 years, and 63% of travelers were female. Almost one-half (49%) traveled to 1 of 10 countries; the most frequent destinations were Haiti (14%), Honduras (8%), and Kenya (6%). Over 90% of travelers were vaccinated for or considered immune to hepatitis A, typhoid, and yellow fever. However, for hepatitis B, 292 (29%) of 990 missionaries, 228 (18%) of 1,298 non-medical service workers, and 76 (6%) of 1,269 medical workers were not vaccinated or considered immune. Of HSWs traveling to Haiti during 2010, 5% of travelers did not receive malaria chemoprophylaxis. Coordinated efforts from HSWs, HSW agencies, and clinicians could reduce vaccine coverage gaps and improve use of malaria chemoprophylaxis. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Travelers Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Quantitat Hlth, Worcester, MA USA. Bedford Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CHOIR, Bedford, MA USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Stoney, Rhett J.; Jentes, Emily S.; Sotir, Mark J.; Kozarsky, Phyllis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Bedford Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. RP Stoney, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM uyn2@cdc.gov; ejentes@cdc.gov; mps6@cdc.gov; pbk7@cdc.gov; sowmya.rao@umassmed.edu; rclarcque@partners.org; etryan@partners.org FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U19C1000514, U01CK000175]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grants U19C1000514 and U01CK000175. This research was supported, in part, by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 90 IS 3 BP 553 EP 559 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0479 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AC2RY UT WOS:000332352900025 PM 24445203 ER PT J AU Benedict, K Park, BJ AF Benedict, Kaitlin Park, Benjamin J. TI Invasive Fungal Infections after Natural Disasters SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; TSUNAMI SURVIVOR; SRI-LANKA; CLADOPHIALOPHORA-BANTIANA; CUTANEOUS MUCORMYCOSIS; WOUND INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; EARTHQUAKE; PNEUMONIA C1 [Benedict, Kaitlin; Park, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Park, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM bip5@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.3201/eid2003.131230 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900001 PM 24565446 ER PT J AU Henry, R AF Henry, Ronnie TI Mycobacterium abscessus subsp bolletii SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SP-NOV C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Henry, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM boq3@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 379 EP 379 DI 10.3201/eid2003.ET2003 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900005 ER PT J AU Nunez, JJ Fritz, CL Knust, B Buttke, D Enge, B Novak, MG Kramer, V Osadebe, L Messenger, S Albarino, CG Stroher, U Niemela, M Amman, BR Wong, D Manning, CR Nichol, ST Rollin, PE Xia, DX Watt, JP Vugia, DJ AF Nunez, Jonathan J. Fritz, Curtis L. Knust, Barbara Buttke, Danielle Enge, Barryett Novak, Mark G. Kramer, Vicki Osadebe, Lynda Messenger, Sharon Albarino, Cesar G. Stroher, Ute Niemela, Michael Amman, Brian R. Wong, David Manning, Craig R. Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. Xia, Dongxiang Watt, James P. Vugia, Duc J. CA Yosemite Hantavirus Outbreak Inves TI Hantavirus Infections among Overnight Visitors to Yosemite National Park, California, USA, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SIN NOMBRE HANTAVIRUS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; PULMONARY SYNDROME; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE; OUTBREAK AB In summer 2012, an outbreak of hantavirus infections occurred among overnight visitors to Yosemite National Park in California, USA. An investigation encompassing clinical, epidemiologic, laboratory, and environmental factors identified 10 cases among residents of 3 states. Eight case-patients experienced hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, of whom 5 required intensive care with ventilatory support and 3 died. Staying overnight in a signature tent cabin (9 case-patients) was significantly associated with becoming infected with hantavirus (p<0.001). Rodent nests and tunnels were observed in the foam insulation of the cabin walls. Rodent trapping in the implicated area resulted in high trap success rate (51%), and antibodies reactive to Sin Nombre virus were detected in 10 (14%) of 73 captured deer mice. All signature tent cabins were closed and subsequently dismantled. Continuous public awareness and rodent control and exclusion are key measures in minimizing the risk for hantavirus infection in areas inhabited by deer mice. C1 [Nunez, Jonathan J.; Fritz, Curtis L.; Enge, Barryett; Novak, Mark G.; Kramer, Vicki; Messenger, Sharon; Niemela, Michael; Xia, Dongxiang; Watt, James P.; Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Nunez, Jonathan J.; Fritz, Curtis L.; Enge, Barryett; Novak, Mark G.; Kramer, Vicki; Messenger, Sharon; Niemela, Michael; Xia, Dongxiang; Watt, James P.; Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Nunez, Jonathan J.; Knust, Barbara; Osadebe, Lynda; Albarino, Cesar G.; Stroher, Ute; Amman, Brian R.; Manning, Craig R.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buttke, Danielle; Wong, David] Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Buttke, Danielle; Wong, David] Natl Pk Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Vugia, DJ (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM duc.vugia@cdph.ca.gov NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 386 EP 393 DI 10.3201/eid2003.131581 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900007 PM 24565589 ER PT J AU MacNeil, JR Medah, I Koussoube, D Novak, RT Cohn, AC Diomande, FVK Yelbeogo, D Kambou, JL Tarbangdo, TF Ouedraogo-Traore, R Sangare, L Hatcher, C Vuong, J Mayer, LW Djingarey, MH Clark, TA Messonnier, NE AF MacNeil, Jessica R. Medah, Isaie Koussoube, Daouda Novak, Ryan T. Cohn, Amanda C. Diomande, Fabien V. K. Yelbeogo, Denis Kambou, Jean Ludovic Tarbangdo, Tiga F. Ouedraogo-Traore, Rasmata Sangare, Lassana Hatcher, Cynthia Vuong, Jeni Mayer, Leonard W. Djingarey, Mamoudou H. Clark, Thomas A. Messonnier, Nancy E. TI Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W, Burkina Faso, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID W135 MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; CONJUGATE VACCINE; DISEASE; AFRICA; HAJJ; EMERGENCE; CARRIAGE; OUTBREAK; IMMUNITY; ENGLAND AB In 2010, Burkina Faso became the first country to introduce meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (PsA-TT). During 2012, Burkina Faso reported increases in Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W, raising questions about whether these cases were a natural increase in disease or resulted from serogroup replacement after PsA-TT introduction. We analyzed national surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of serogroup W and genotyped 61 serogroup W isolates. In 2012, a total of 5,807 meningitis cases were reported through enhanced surveillance, of which 2,353 (41%) were laboratory confirmed. The predominant organism identified was N. meningitidis serogroup W (62%), and all serogroup W isolates characterized belonged to clonal complex 11. Although additional years of data are needed before we can understand the epidemiology of serogroup W after PsA-TT introduction, these data suggest that serogroup W will remain a major cause of sporadic disease and has epidemic potential, underscoring the need to maintain high-quality case-based meningitis surveillance after PsA-TT introduction. C1 [MacNeil, Jessica R.; Novak, Ryan T.; Cohn, Amanda C.; Diomande, Fabien V. K.; Hatcher, Cynthia; Vuong, Jeni; Mayer, Leonard W.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Medah, Isaie; Koussoube, Daouda; Yelbeogo, Denis; Kambou, Jean Ludovic; Tarbangdo, Tiga F.] Minist Sante, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Diomande, Fabien V. K.; Djingarey, Mamoudou H.] WHO Intercountry Support Team West Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Ouedraogo-Traore, Rasmata] Ctr Hosp Univ Pediat Charles Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Sangare, Lassana] Ctr Hosp Univ Yalgado, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. RP MacNeil, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop C25,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aji8@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 394 EP 399 DI 10.3201/eid2003.131407 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900008 PM 24571805 ER PT J AU Lam, E Nateniyom, S Whitehead, S Anuwatnonthakate, A Monkongdee, P Kanphukiew, A Inyaphong, J Sitti, W Chiengsorn, N Moolphate, S Kavinum, S Suriyon, N Limsomboon, P Danyutapolchai, J Sinthuwattanawibool, C Podewils, LJ AF Lam, Eugene Nateniyom, Sriprapa Whitehead, Sara Anuwatnonthakate, Amornrat Monkongdee, Patama Kanphukiew, Apiratee Inyaphong, Jiraphan Sitti, Wanlaya Chiengsorn, Navarat Moolphate, Saiyud Kavinum, Suporn Suriyon, Narin Limsomboon, Pranom Danyutapolchai, Junya Sinthuwattanawibool, Chalinthorn Podewils, Laura Jean TI Use of Drug-Susceptibility Testing for Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Thailand, 2004-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MDR-TB; RETREATMENT REGIMEN; DIAGNOSIS; TIME; PERU AB In 2004, routine use of culture and drug-susceptibility testing (DST) was implemented for persons in 5 Thailand provinces with a diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). To determine if DST results were being used to guide treatment, we conducted a retrospective chart review for patients with rifampin-resistant or multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB during 2004-2008. A total of 208 patients were identified. Median time from clinical sample collection to physician review of DST results was 114 days. Only 5.8% of patients with MDR TB were empirically prescribed an appropriate regimen; an additional 31.3% received an appropriate regimen after DST results were reviewed. Most patients with rifampin -resistant or MDR TB had successful treatment outcomes. Patients with HIV co-infection and patients who were unmarried or had received category II treatment before DST results were reviewed had less successful outcomes. Overall, review of. available DST results Was delayed, and results were rarely used to improve treatment. C1 [Lam, Eugene; Whitehead, Sara; Podewils, Laura Jean] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nateniyom, Sriprapa] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth MOPH, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Whitehead, Sara; Anuwatnonthakate, Amornrat; Monkongdee, Patama; Kanphukiew, Apiratee; Danyutapolchai, Junya; Sinthuwattanawibool, Chalinthorn] Thailand MOPH US CDC, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Inyaphong, Jiraphan; Sitti, Wanlaya] Off Dis Prevent & Control 7, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. [Chiengsorn, Navarat] Bangkok Metropolitan Hlth Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. [Moolphate, Saiyud] Res Inst TB RIT Japan, Tokyo, Japan. [Kavinum, Suporn] Tak Prov Publ Hlth Off, Tak, Thailand. [Suriyon, Narin] Chiang Rai Prov Publ Hlth Off, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Limsomboon, Pranom] Phuket Prov Publ Hlth Off, Phuket, Thailand. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Agency for International Development FX This project was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and US Agency for International Development. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 400 EP 408 DI 10.3201/eid2003.130951 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900009 PM 24565738 ER PT J AU Ridpath, AD Halse, TA Musser, KA Wroblewski, D Paddock, CD Shieh, WJ Pasquale-Styles, M Scordi-Bello, I Del Rosso, PE Weiss, D AF Ridpath, Alison D. Halse, Tanya A. Musser, Kimberlee A. Wroblewski, Danielle Paddock, Christopher D. Shieh, Wun-Ju Pasquale-Styles, Melissa Scordi-Bello, Irini Del Rosso, Paula E. Weiss, Don TI Postmortem Diagnosis of Invasive Meningococcal Disease SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENDOPHTHALMITIS AB We diagnosed invasive meningococcal disease by using immunohistochemical staining of embalmed tissue and PCR of vitreous humor from 2 men in New York City. Because vitreous humor is less subject than other body fluids to putrefaction, it is a good material for postmortem analysis. C1 [Ridpath, Alison D.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Shieh, Wun-Ju] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ridpath, Alison D.; Del Rosso, Paula E.; Weiss, Don] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Halse, Tanya A.; Musser, Kimberlee A.; Wroblewski, Danielle] New York City Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Pasquale-Styles, Melissa; Scordi-Bello, Irini] New York City Off Chief Med Examiner, New York, NY USA. RP Ridpath, AD (reprint author), Bur Communicable Dis, New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 42-09 28th St,6th Floor, New York, NY 11101 USA. EM etf4@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 453 EP 455 DI 10.3201/eid2003.131245 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900016 PM 24565379 ER PT J AU Watt, G Pachirat, O Baggett, HC Maloney, SA Lulitanond, V Raoult, D Bhengsri, S Thamthitiwat, S Paupairoj, A Kosoy, M Ud-Ai, N Sukwicha, W Whistler, T Fournier, PE AF Watt, George Pachirat, Orathai Baggett, Henry C. Maloney, Susan A. Lulitanond, Viraphong Raoult, Didier Bhengsri, Saithip Thamthitiwat, Somsak Paupairoj, Anucha Kosoy, Michael Ud-Ai, Nongrak Sukwicha, Wichuda Whistler, Toni Fournier, Pierre-Edouard TI Infective Endocarditis in Northeastern Thailand SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CULTURE-NEGATIVE ENDOCARDITIS; TERTIARY CARE CENTER; DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGY; MANAGEMENT; BARTONELLA; SURGERY; BRAZIL AB Despite rigorous diagnostic testing, the cause of infective endocarditis was identified for just 60 (45.5%) of 132 patients admitted to hospitals in Khon Kaen, Thailand, during January 2010-July 2012. Most pathogens identified were Viridans streptococci and zoonotic bacteria species, as found in other resource-limited countries where underlying rheumatic heart disease is common. C1 [Watt, George; Baggett, Henry C.; Maloney, Susan A.; Bhengsri, Saithip; Thamthitiwat, Somsak; Sukwicha, Wichuda; Whistler, Toni] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Pachirat, Orathai; Lulitanond, Viraphong; Paupairoj, Anucha; Ud-Ai, Nongrak] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Med, Khon Kaen, Thailand. [Raoult, Didier; Fournier, Pierre-Edouard] Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France. [Baggett, Henry C.; Maloney, Susan A.; Whistler, Toni] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Watt, G (reprint author), IEIP, DDC 7 Bldg,3rd Floor, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM georgew@th.cdc.gov FU Global Disease Detection Program; Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA; Mediterranee Infection Foundation, Marseille, France FX This work was supported by the Global Disease Detection Program and the Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA and the Mediterranee Infection Foundation, Marseille, France. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 473 EP 476 DI 10.3201/eid2003.131059 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900021 PM 24572588 ER PT J AU Eberhard, ML Owens, JR Bishop, HS de Almeida, ME da Silva, AJ Hearn, G Honarvar, S AF Eberhard, Mark L. Owens, Jacob R. Bishop, Henry S. de Almeida, Marcos E. da Silva, Alex J. Hearn, Gail Honarvar, Shaya TI Cyclospora spp. in Drills, Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID MONKEYS C1 [Eberhard, Mark L.; Bishop, Henry S.; de Almeida, Marcos E.; da Silva, Alex J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Owens, Jacob R.; Hearn, Gail; Honarvar, Shaya] Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Eberhard, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D65, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mle1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 510 EP 511 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900038 PM 24565509 ER PT J AU Schultz, MG AF Schultz, Myron G. TI In Memoriam: James Harlan Steele (1913-2013) SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Schultz, Myron G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schultz, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Operat Ctr, CGH, Mailstop A05,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgs1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 514 EP 515 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900040 PM 24712025 ER PT J AU Bloom, S AF Bloom, Sharon TI I Am the Master of My Fate SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bloom, Sharon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bloom, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbloom@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 518 EP 519 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AC3PO UT WOS:000332433900041 ER PT J AU Thompson, MG Naleway, A Ball, S Henkle, EM Sokolow, LZ Williams, J Reynolds, S Spencer, S Shay, DK Brennan, B Gaglani, MJ AF Thompson, Mark G. Naleway, Allison Ball, Sarah Henkle, Emily M. Sokolow, Leslie Z. Williams, Jennifer Reynolds, Sue Spencer, Sarah Shay, David K. Brennan, Beth Gaglani, Manjusha J. TI Subjective Social Status Predicts Wintertime Febrile Acute Respiratory Illness Among Women Healthcare Personnel SO HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE subjective social status; socioeconomic status; acute respiratory illness; psychoneuroimmunology; sleep ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CORTISOL RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; WHITEHALL-II; INFLUENZA; GRADIENT; STRESS; SAMPLE; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB We ask whether subjective social status (SSS) predicts rates of wintertime febrile acute respiratory illness (ARI). Methods: 1,373 women and 346 men were enrolled from September 1 through November 30, 2010 as part of a prospective cohort study of health care personnel (HCP) at two medical centers. A questionnaire was completed at enrollment followed by 20 weeks of surveillance. ARI was an illness with fever and cough self-reported via weekly telephone or Internet-based surveillance. Results: For both sexes, lower SSS was associated with younger age, less education, lower neighborhood household income, being unmarried, lower occupational status, working in outpatient settings, and poorer self-rated health status. Demographic and occupational covariates explained 23% and 42% of the variance (R-2) in SSS among women and men, respectively. Smoking, exercise frequency, and sleep quality were also associated with SSS, but these factors explained little additional variance (3-4%). Among women HCP, lower SSS at enrollment was associated with higher rates of subsequent ARI (unadjusted beta = -.21 [+/-.05], p < .001 for ordinal data). Adjusting for all covariates reduced the effect size of the SSS minimally (adjusted beta = -.19 [+/-.06], p < .001). Among men HCP, there was no univariate SSS-ARI association and after adjusting for all covariates the effect was opposite of our hypothesis (adjusted beta = .33 [+/-.17], p < .05). Conclusions: Women (but not men) with lower SSS were more likely to report an ARI during surveillance, and the SSS-ARI association was independent of demographics, occupational status, health, and health behaviors. C1 [Thompson, Mark G.; Sokolow, Leslie Z.; Williams, Jennifer; Reynolds, Sue; Spencer, Sarah; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Naleway, Allison; Henkle, Emily M.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Ball, Sarah; Brennan, Beth] ABT Associates Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Sokolow, Leslie Z.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha J.] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX USA. RP Thompson, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isq8@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-F-33396] FX Funding for this study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2010-F-33396 to Abt Associates Inc.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abt Associates Inc., Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, or Scott & White Healthcare. The authors thank Samanth Beeram, Meredith Vandermeer, Lydia Clipper, Jennifer Gerber, Eresha Bluth, Jennifer Carlston, Ashley Kossie, and Jacqueline Flores for their assistance in project and data management. They also appreciate the contributions of their research assistants. They thank Jerome Tokars, Joseph Bresee, and Alicia Fry for feedback on early versions of this article and for the feedback of the editor and two anonymous reviewers. Finally, they also thank the healthcare professionals at both study sites for participating in this study. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0278-6133 EI 1930-7810 J9 HEALTH PSYCHOL JI Health Psychol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 33 IS 3 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1037/a0032764 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA AC7QF UT WOS:000332725100011 PM 23795705 ER PT J AU Maenner, MJ Rice, CE Arneson, CL Cunniff, C Schieve, LA Carpenter, LA Braun, KV Kirby, RS Bakian, AV Durkin, MS AF Maenner, Matthew J. Rice, Catherine E. Arneson, Carrie L. Cunniff, Christopher Schieve, Laura A. Carpenter, Laura A. Braun, Kim Van Naarden Kirby, Russell S. Bakian, Amanda V. Durkin, Maureen S. TI Potential Impact of DSM-5 Criteria on Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence Estimates SO JAMA PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; SPECIAL-EDUCATION DATA; IV-TR; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY; CHILDREN AB IMPORTANCE The DSM-5 contains revised diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the DSM-IV-TR. Potential impacts of the new criteria on ASD prevalence are unclear. OBJECTIVE To assess potential effects of the DSM-5 ASD criteria on ASD prevalence estimation by retrospectively applying the new criteria to population-based surveillance data collected for previous ASD prevalence estimation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional, population-based ASD surveillance based on clinician review of coded behaviors documented in children's medical and educational evaluations from 14 geographically defined areas in the United States participating in the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network in 2006 and 2008. This study included 8-year-old children living in ADDM Network study areas in 2006 or 2008, including 644 883 children under surveillance, of whom 6577 met surveillance ASD case status based on the DSM-IV-TR. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Proportion of children meeting ADDM Network ASD criteria based on the DSM-IV-TR who also met DSM-5 criteria; overall prevalence of ASD using DSM-5 criteria. RESULTS Among the 6577 children classified by the ADDM Network as having ASD based on the DSM-IV-TR, 5339 (81.2%) met DSM-5 ASD criteria. This percentage was similar for boys and girls but higher for those with than without intellectual disability (86.6% and 72.5%, respectively; P < .001). A total of 304 children met DSM-5 ASD criteria but not current ADDM Network ASD case status. Based on these findings, ASD prevalence per 1000 for 2008 would have been 10.0 (95% CI, 9.6-10.3) using DSM-5 criteria compared with the reported prevalence based on DSM-IV-TR criteria of 11.3 (95% CI, 11.0-11.7). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Autism spectrum disorder prevalence estimates will likely be lower under DSM-5 than under DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, although this effect could be tempered by future adaptation of diagnostic practices and documentation of behaviors to fit the new criteria. C1 [Maenner, Matthew J.; Arneson, Carrie L.; Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA. [Maenner, Matthew J.; Rice, Catherine E.; Schieve, Laura A.; Braun, Kim Van Naarden] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cunniff, Christopher] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Carpenter, Laura A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Bakian, Amanda V.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Maenner, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmaenner@cdc.gov RI Durkin, Maureen/B-7834-2015; Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016; OI Carpenter, Laura/0000-0002-6448-9242 FU Autism Science Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [UR3/CCU523235, UR3/DD000078, UR3/DD000677]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant [T32 HD007489-04]; Waisman Center [P30 HD03352] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Autism Science Foundation and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreements UR3/CCU523235, UR3/DD000078, and UR3/DD000677. Additional support was from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant T32 HD007489-04 and the Waisman Center (grant P30 HD03352). NR 44 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 7 U2 32 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-622X EI 2168-6238 J9 JAMA PSYCHIAT JI JAMA Psychiatry PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 IS 3 BP 292 EP 300 DI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3893 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA AC8FU UT WOS:000332769700011 PM 24452504 ER PT J AU Hickner, J Thompson, PJ Wilkinson, T Epner, P Sheehan, M Pollock, AM Lee, J Duke, CC Jackson, BR Taylor, JR AF Hickner, John Thompson, Pamela J. Wilkinson, Tom Epner, Paul Sheehan, Meghan Pollock, Anne M. Lee, Jim Duke, Christopher C. Jackson, Brian R. Taylor, Julie R. TI Primary Care Physicians' Challenges in Ordering Clinical Laboratory Tests and Interpreting Results SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Diagnostic Services; Laboratories; Patient Safety; Primary Health Care ID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; INFORMATION; EFFICIENCY; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT; COSTS AB Background: The number and complexity of clinical laboratory tests is rapidly expanding, presenting primary care physicians with challenges in accurately, efficiently, and safely ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests. The objective of this study was to identify challenges primary care physicians face related to diagnostic laboratory testing and solutions they believe are helpful and available to them. Methods: In this study, sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a random sample of general internal medicine and family medicine physicians from the American Medical Association Masterfile were surveyed in 2011. Results: 1768 physicians (5.6%) responded to the survey. Physicians reported ordering diagnostic laboratory tests for an average of 31.4% of patient encounters per week. They reported uncertainty about ordering tests in 14.7% and uncertainty in interpreting results in 8.3% of these diagnostic encounters. The most common problematic challenges in ordering tests were related to the cost to patients and insurance coverage restrictions. Other challenges included different names for the same test, tests not available except as part of a test panel, and different tests included in panels with the same names. The most common problematic challenges in interpreting and using test results were not receiving the results and confusing report formats. Respondents endorsed a variety of information technology and decision support solutions to improve test selection and results interpretation, but these solutions were not widely available at the time of the survey. Physicians infrequently sought assistance or consultation from laboratory professionals but valued these consultations when they occurred. Conclusions: Primary care physicians routinely experience uncertainty and challenges in ordering and interpreting diagnostic laboratory tests. With more than 500 million primary care patient visits per year, the level of uncertainty reported in this study potentially affects 23 million patients per year and raises significant concerns about the safe and efficient use of laboratory testing resources. Improvement in information technology and clinical decision support systems and quick access to laboratory consultations may reduce physicians' uncertainty and mitigate these challenges. C1 [Hickner, John] Univ Illinois, Dept Family Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Thompson, Pamela J.; Pollock, Anne M.; Taylor, Julie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilkinson, Tom; Sheehan, Meghan; Lee, Jim; Duke, Christopher C.] Altarum Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Epner, Paul] Paul Epner LLC, Evanston, IL USA. [Jackson, Brian R.] Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Jackson, Brian R.] ARUP Labs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Hickner, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Family Med, 1919 W Taylor,MC 663, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM hickner@uic.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; [GS-10F-0261K] FX Funding: This study was supported in part from a contract (GS-10F-0261K) funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. OMB Control Number 0920-0893. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 EI 1558-7118 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 2 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2014.02.130104 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AC7GB UT WOS:000332694900011 PM 24610189 ER PT J AU Barnweil, JW Galinski, MR AF Barnweil, John W. Galinski, Mary R. TI Malarial liver parasites awaken in culture SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; RELAPSE AB The cure and elimination of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax is hindered by the threat of relapse infections from undetectable dormant forms of the parasite in the liver. In a new breakthrough, using a related parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi, it has been shown that the small nongrowing forms of the parasite, termed hypnozoites, can be reactivated in primary simian hepatocytes that have been infected and maintained in culture for 40 days, providing a system to study this parasite form with the development of potential new antihypnozoite drugs in mind (pages 307-312). C1 [Barnweil, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Reg Primate Res Ctr, Emory VaccineCenter, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Barnweil, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wzb3@cdc.gov; mary.galinski@emory.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1078-8956 EI 1546-170X J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 3 BP 237 EP 239 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AC5XZ UT WOS:000332595600013 PM 24603792 ER PT J AU Saraiya, M Benard, V White, M AF Saraiya, Mona Benard, Vicki White, Mary TI A need for improved understanding about USPSTF and other evidence-based recommendations SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID AFFORDABLE CARE ACT; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; CANCER; WOMEN; GYNECOLOGISTS; BELIEFS C1 [Saraiya, Mona; Benard, Vicki; White, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), MPH, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov; vbenard@cdc.gov; mcwhite@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 60 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.028 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AC2TC UT WOS:000332355900001 PM 24389011 ER PT J AU Cooper, CP Gel, CA Hawkins, NA AF Cooper, Crystale Purvis Gel, Cynthia A. Hawkins, Nikki A. TI How many "Get Screened" messages does it take? Evidence from colorectal cancer screening promotion in the United States, 2012 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Neoplasm; Mass media; Health promotion; Health campaign; Cancer screening ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; OLDER-ADULTS; CAMPAIGN; IMPACT; INTERVENTION; MORTALITY; AMERICANS; AWARENESS; BARRIERS AB Objective. Colorectal cancer screening has been widely promoted in the United States. We investigated the association between reported exposure to screening information during the past year and screening participation and knowledge. Method. Data from the 2012 HealthStyles Fall survey of U.S. adults were examined using adjusted logistic regression to examine the frequency of exposure to screening information as a predictor of screening participation and knowledge; analyses were limited to participants aged >= 50 years with no history of colorectal cancer or polyps (N = 1714). Results. Nearly half of the participants (44.9%) reported exposure to colorectal cancer screening information during the previous year. The most common sources of screening information were news reports, advertisements, and health care providers. Screening participation and knowledge consistently increased with the reported frequency of exposure to screening information, and these associations generally persisted when demographic variables were controlled. Compared with unexposed participants, significant gains in screening participation were associated with exposure to screening information 2-3 times (Adj. OR = 1.84, p = 0.001), 4-9 times (Adj. OR = 2.00, p = 0.001), and >= 10 times (Adj. OR = 3.03, p < 0.001) in the adjusted model. Conclusions. Increasing public exposure to screening promotion messages may augment screening participation and knowledge. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA. [Gel, Cynthia A.; Hawkins, Nikki A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Gel, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS K-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cgelb@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Porter Novelli (Washington, D.C.) FX This study was funded by Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention which licensed the use of the 2012 HealthStyles Fall items analyzed here through a contractual agreement with Porter Novelli (Washington, D.C.). The authors thank Jennifer Chu, MPH, for her review of an early draft of this manuscript and compilation of Screen for Life exposure tracking data. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 60 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.001 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AC2TC UT WOS:000332355900006 PM 24333876 ER PT J AU Peterman, TA Newman, DR Maddox, L Schmitt, K Shiver, S AF Peterman, Thomas A. Newman, Daniel R. Maddox, Lorene Schmitt, Karla Shiver, Stacy TI High Risk for HIV Following Syphilis Diagnosis Among Men in Florida, 2000-2011 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; LOS-ANGELES; SEX; SEROCONVERSION; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION AB Objective. Multiple interventions have been shown to reduce the risk of HIV acquisition, including preexposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral medications, but high costs require targeting interventions to people at the highest risk. We identified the risk of HIV following a syphilis diagnosis for men in Florida. Methods. We analyzed surveillance records of 13- to 59-year-old men in Florida who were reported as having syphilis from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2009. We excluded men who had HIV infection reported before their syphilis diagnosis (and within 60 days after), then searched the database to see if the remaining men were reported as having HIV infection by December 31, 2011. Results. Of the 9,512 men with syphilis we followed, 1,323 were subsequently diagnosed as having HIV infection 60-3,753 days after their syphilis diagnosis. The risk of a subsequent diagnosis of HIV infection was 3.6% in the first year after syphilis was diagnosed and reached 17.5% 10 years after a syphilis diagnosis. The risk of HIV was higher for non-Hispanic white men (3.4% per year) than for non-Hispanic black men (1.8% per year). The likelihood of developing HIV was slightly lower for men diagnosed with syphilis in 2000 and 2001 compared with subsequent years. Of men diagnosed with syphilis in 2003, 21.5% were reported as having a new HIV diagnosis by December 31, 2011. Conclusion. Men who acquire syphilis are at very high risk of HIV infection. C1 [Peterman, Thomas A.; Newman, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maddox, Lorene; Shiver, Stacy] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Schmitt, Karla] Florida State Univ, Coll Nursing, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Peterman, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tapl@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 129 IS 2 BP 164 EP 169 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AC3RW UT WOS:000332439900010 PM 24587551 ER PT J AU Kong, D Watt, JP Marks, SM Flood, JM AF Kong, Darryl Watt, James P. Marks, Suzanne M. Flood, Jennifer M. TI Timely HIV Diagnosis and HIV/TB Comanagement Among California Patients in 2008 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS; INFECTED ADULTS; HEALTH; CARE; AIDS; RECOMMENDATIONS; SURVEILLANCE; ADOLESCENTS AB Objective. National guidelines highlight the roles of early HIV diagnosis and effective comanagement for HIV and tuberculosis (TB) to prevent mortality and morbidity from HIV-related TB. We assessed HIV diagnosis timing and HIV/TB comanagement for California HIV/TB patients. Methods. We reviewed and analyzed public health charts for California HIV/TB patients reported during 2008. HIV diagnoses fewer than three months before TB diagnosis were considered new HIV diagnoses. We determined the proportion of patients with new HIV diagnoses, risk factors for new HIV diagnoses, and proportion of patients receiving recommended CD4 cell count measurements, supervised TB therapy, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results. Of 130 HIV/TB patients, 51% had new HIV diagnoses. Foreign-born patients were more likely than U.S.-born patients to have new HIV diagnoses. Supervised TB therapy and CD4 cell count measurements followed national recommendations for 91% and 74% of patients, respectively. At least 73% of patients started ART before completing TB therapy. Compared with patients who had previous HIV diagnoses, patients with new HIV diagnoses started ART later and had lower CD4 cell counts and higher viral loads at TB diagnosis. Conclusions. Although most HIV/TB patients received the recommended treatment, half had new HIV diagnoses. Compared with patients who had previous HIV diagnoses, patients with new HIV diagnoses had greater immunosuppression at TB diagnosis. A new diagnosis indicates that HIV could have been diagnosed earlier and ART or treatment for latent TB infection could have been initiated to prevent TB development. C1 [Kong, Darryl; Watt, James P.; Flood, Jennifer M.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect Dis, Div Communicable Dis Control, TB Control Branch, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Marks, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kong, D (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Immunizat Branch, Bldg P,2nd Fl,850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM Darryl.Kong@cdph.ca.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 129 IS 2 BP 170 EP 177 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AC3RW UT WOS:000332439900011 PM 24587552 ER PT J AU Pavuk, M Olson, JR Sjodin, A Wolff, P Turner, WE Shelton, C Dutton, ND Bartell, S AF Pavuk, M. Olson, J. R. Sjoedin, A. Wolff, P. Turner, W. E. Shelton, C. Dutton, N. D. Bartell, S. CA Anniston Environm Hlth Res Consort TI Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in participants of the Anniston Community Health Survey SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Anniston; Exposure ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; THYROID-HORMONES; BODY BURDEN; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION; ADULTS AB Serum concentrations of 35 ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) were measured in 765 adults from Anniston, Alabama, where PCBs were manufactured between 1929 and 1971. As part of the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS), demographic data, questionnaire information, and blood samples were collected from participants in 2005-2007. Forty-six percent of study participants were African-American, 70% were female, and the median age was 56 years. The median concentration of the sum of 35 PCB congeners (Sigma PCBs) was 528 ng/g lipid, with a 90th percentile of 2600 ng/g lipid, minimum of 17.0 ng/g lipid, and maximum of 27,337 ng/g lipid. The least square geometric mean Sigma PCBs was more than 25 times higher for African-American participants than for White participants (866 ng/ g lipid vs. 331 ng/g lipid); this difference did not change materially after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and current smoking. In spite of large differences in absolute PCB levels, relative contributions of individual congeners to Sigma PCBs were quite similar between race groups. Nevertheless, while percent contributions to Sigma PCBs for most of the most abundant penta- to heptachlorobiphenyls were higher among African-Americans, the percentages were higher in Whites for the lower-chlorinated PCBs 28 and 74 and for octa- to decachlorinated PCBs. No major differences were observed in geometric mean Sigma PCBs between women and men when adjusted for age, race, BMI and current smoking (516 ng/g lipid vs. 526 ng/g lipid). Principal component analysis revealed groups of co-varying congeners that appear to be determined by chlorine substitution patterns. These congener groupings were similar between ACHS participants and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-04 sample of the general United States population, despite ACHS participants having serum concentrations of Sigma FCBs two to three times higher than those in comparable age and race groups from NHANES. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pavuk, M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olson, J. R.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Sjoedin, A.; Turner, W. E.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolff, P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Shelton, C.] Jacksonville State Univ, Jacksonville, AL USA. [Dutton, N. D.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bartell, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. RP Pavuk, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MPavuk@cdc.gov RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [5U50TS473215] FX The data used for the present study were collected using a grant from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to Jacksonville State University, # 5U50TS473215. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 74 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 473 BP 286 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.041 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB6UB UT WOS:000331923900034 PM 24374590 ER PT J AU Rogers, C Sharma, A Rimland, D Stafford, C Jernigan, J Satola, S Crispell, E Gaynes, R AF Rogers, Chantrice Sharma, Akshay Rimland, David Stafford, Cortney Jernigan, John Satola, Sarah Crispell, Emily Gaynes, Robert TI Duration of colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an acute care facility: A study to assess epidemiologic features SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Colonization interval ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; RISK-FACTORS; CARRIAGE; INFECTION AB Background: Patients with a history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization or infection are often presumed to remain colonized when they are readmitted to the hospital. This assumption underlies the hospital practice that flags MRSA-positive patients so that these patients can be placed in contact isolation at hospital admission and, when necessary, be given the appropriate empirical therapy and/or antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: To determine the duration of and factors associated with MRSA colonization among patients following discharge, we designed a cohort study of patients hospitalized between October 1, 2007, and July 31, 2009, at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, a 128-bed acute care facility. We defined 3 cohorts: cohort A; patients with both a MRSA infection during hospitalization and nasal colonization at discharge; cohort B; patients with a MRSA infection but no nasal colonization at discharge; and cohort C; patients only nasally colonized at discharge. We collected information on demographic characteristics, underlying conditions, infections, and antibiotic use. We cultured nasal swabs obtained from patients at home. We calculated hazard ratios (HR), comparing cohorts A, B, and C after controlling for other factors. Results: We obtained 231 swabs (23 in cohort A, 34 in cohort B, and 174 in cohort C). We documented MRSA colonization in 92 (39.9%) of the 231 patients who returned swabs. The median duration of colonization was 33.3 months. Factors significantly associated with persistent MRSA colonization were (1) total duration of hospital stay from previous admissions prior to study entry and (2) a member of cohort A who had a longer duration of colonization compared with cohorts B and C (P<.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that higher initial inocula of bacteria may be an important determinant of persistent colonization with MRSA. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Rogers, Chantrice; Sharma, Akshay; Rimland, David; Stafford, Cortney; Crispell, Emily; Gaynes, Robert] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Sharma, Akshay] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Laney Grad Sch, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rimland, David; Jernigan, John; Satola, Sarah; Gaynes, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rimland, David; Satola, Sarah; Gaynes, Robert] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gaynes, R (reprint author), Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM robert.gaynes@va.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.09.008 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AC2EO UT WOS:000332311500009 PM 24406255 ER PT J AU Islam, MS Luby, SP Sultana, R Rimi, NA Zaman, RU Uddin, M Nahar, N Rahman, M Hossain, MJ Gurley, ES AF Islam, M. Saiful Luby, Stephen P. Sultana, Rebeca Rimi, Nadia Ali Zaman, Rashid Uz Uddin, Main Nahar, Nazmun Rahman, Mahmudur Hossain, M. Jahangir Gurley, Emily S. TI Family caregivers in public tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh: Risks and opportunities for infection control SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hospital-acquired infection; Caregiving practice; Socio-cultural; Qualitative research ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; NIPAH VIRUS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAK; AGENTS AB Background: Family caregivers are integral to patient care in Bangladeshi public hospitals. This study explored family caregivers' activities and their perceptions and practices related to disease transmission and prevention in public hospitals. Methods: Trained qualitative researchers conducted a total of 48 hours of observation in 3 public tertiary care hospitals and 12 in-depth interviews with family caregivers. Results: Family caregivers provided care 24 hours a day, including bedside nursing, cleaning care, and psychologic support. During observations, family members provided 2,065 episodes of care giving, 75% (1,544) of which involved close contact with patients. We observed family caregivers washing their hands with soap on only 4 occasions. The majority of respondents said diseases are transmitted through physical contact with surfaces and objects that have been contaminated with patient secretions and excretions, and avoiding contact with these contaminated objects would help prevent disease. Conclusion: Family caregivers are at risk for hospital-acquired infection from their repeated exposure to infectious agents combined with their inadequate hand hygiene and knowledge about disease transmission. Future research should explore potential strategies to improve family caregivers' knowledge about disease transmission and reduce family caregiver exposures, which may be accomplished by improving care provided by health care workers. Copyright (C) 2014 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Islam, M. Saiful; Luby, Stephen P.; Sultana, Rebeca; Rimi, Nadia Ali; Zaman, Rashid Uz; Uddin, Main; Nahar, Nazmun; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Gurley, Emily S.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Branch, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Islam, MS (reprint author), Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM saiful@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [I-U01-C1000298] FX Supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative award number I-U01-C1000298. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.09.012 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AC2EO UT WOS:000332311500019 PM 24406254 ER PT J AU Karim, MR Wang, RJ Dong, HJ Zhang, LX Li, J Zhang, SM Rume, FI Qi, M Jian, FC Sun, MF Yang, GY Zou, FC Ning, CS Xiao, LH AF Karim, Md Robiul Wang, Rongjun Dong, Haiju Zhang, Longxian Li, Jian Zhang, Sumei Rume, Farzana Islam Qi, Meng Jian, Fuchun Sun, Mingfei Yang, Guangyou Zou, Fengcai Ning, Changshen Xiao, Lihua TI Genetic Polymorphism and Zoonotic Potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Nonhuman Primates in China SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; PARASITES; GENOTYPES; CHILDREN; THERAPY; ANIMALS; SPP. AB Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an important zoonotic pathogen. To assess the human-infective potential of E. bieneusi in nonhuman primates (NHPs), we examined the prevalence and genotype distribution of E. bieneusi in 23 NHP species by PCR and sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS). A total of 1,386 fecal specimens from NHPs from five provinces in China were examined, and E. bieneusi was detected in 158 (11.4%) specimens from five NHP species, including cynomolgus monkey (67.7%), rhesus macaque (8.8%), Japanese macaque (33.3%), white-headed langur (13.6%), and golden snub-nosed monkey (3.5%) (P < 0.0001). The infection rates were 70.2%, 21.5%, 8.5%, 7.5%, and 5.6% in Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi, Henan, and Sichuan Provinces, respectively (P < 0.0001). The prevalence was significantly higher in captive (13.7%) than in free-range (5.0%) animals (P < 0.0001). Altogether, 16 ITS genotypes were observed, including nine known genotypes (IV, D, Henan V, Peru8, PigEBITS7, EbpC, Peru11, BEB6, and I) and seven new genotypes (CM1 to CM7). The common genotypes included CM1, IV, and D, which were detected in 43, 31, and 30 specimens, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven known genotypes (but not BEB6 and I) and four new genotypes (CM1, CM2, CM3, and CM6) belonged to the previously described group 1 with zoonotic potential. Genotypes CM5 and CM7 clustered with group 2, whereas genotype CM4 did not belong to any of the previously proposed groups. It was concluded that humans and NHPs residing in the same geographical location shared the same E. bieneusi genotypes, indicating a potential role of these animals in the zoonotic transmission of E. bieneusi. C1 [Karim, Md Robiul; Wang, Rongjun; Dong, Haiju; Zhang, Longxian; Zhang, Sumei; Qi, Meng; Jian, Fuchun; Ning, Changshen] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Li, Jian] Guangxi Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China. [Rume, Farzana Islam] Patuakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Patuakhali, Bangladesh. [Sun, Mingfei] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yang, Guangyou] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yaan, Peoples R China. [Zou, Fengcai] Yunnan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@gmail.com; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330079]; Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2012ZX10004220-001]; Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team of the University of Henan Province [012IRTSTHN005] FX This study was supported in part by the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 31330079), the Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (grant 2012ZX10004220-001), and the Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team of the University of Henan Province (grant 012IRTSTHN005). NR 22 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1893 EP 1898 DI 10.1128/AEM.03845-13 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB8FO UT WOS:000332025800010 PM 24413605 ER PT J AU Khan, SU Berman, L Haider, N Gerloff, N Rahman, MZ Shu, B Rahman, M Dey, TK Davis, TC Das, BC Balish, A Islam, A Teifke, JP Zeidner, N Lindstrom, S Klimov, A Donis, RO Luby, SP Shivaprasad, HL Mikolon, AB AF Khan, Salah Uddin Berman, LaShondra Haider, Najmul Gerloff, Nancy Rahman, Md Z. Shu, Bo Rahman, Mustafizur Dey, Tapan Kumar Davis, Todd C. Das, Bidhan Chandra Balish, Amanda Islam, Ausraful Teifke, Jens P. Zeidner, Nord Lindstrom, Steven Klimov, Alexander Donis, Ruben O. Luby, Stephen P. Shivaprasad, H. L. Mikolon, Andrea B. TI Investigating a crow die-off in January-February 2011 during the introduction of a new clade of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 into Bangladesh SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID WILD BIRDS; HONG-KONG; EVOLUTION; VIETNAM; OUTBREAK; JAPAN AB We investigated unusual crow mortality in Bangladesh during January-February 2011 at two sites. Crows of two species, Corvus splendens and C. macrorhynchos, were found sick and dead during the outbreaks. In selected crow roosts, morbidity was similar to 1 % and mortality was similar to 4 % during the investigation. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.2.1 was isolated from dead crows. All isolates were closely related to A/duck/India/02CA10/2011 (H5N1) with 99.8 % and A/crow/Bangladesh/11rs1984-15/2011 (H5N1) virus with 99 % nucleotide sequence identity in their HA genes. The phylogenetic cluster of Bangladesh viruses suggested a common ancestor with viruses found in poultry from India, Myanmar and Nepal. Histopathological changes and immunohistochemistry staining in brain, pancreas, liver, heart, kidney, bursa of Fabricius, rectum, and cloaca were consistent with influenza virus infection. Through our limited investigation in domesticated birds near the crow roosts, we did not identify any samples that tested positive for influenza virus A/H5N1. However, environmental samples collected from live-bird markets near an outbreak site during the month of the outbreaks tested very weakly positive for influenza virus A/H5N1 in clade 2.3.2.1-specific rRT-PCR. Continuation of surveillance in wild and domestic birds may identify evolution of new avian influenza virus and associated public-health risks. C1 [Khan, Salah Uddin; Haider, Najmul; Rahman, Md Z.; Rahman, Mustafizur; Islam, Ausraful; Zeidner, Nord; Luby, Stephen P.; Mikolon, Andrea B.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh ICDDR B, CCD, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Khan, Salah Uddin] Univ Florida, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Environm & Global Hlth, Gainesville, FL USA. [Berman, LaShondra; Gerloff, Nancy; Shu, Bo; Davis, Todd C.; Balish, Amanda; Zeidner, Nord; Lindstrom, Steven; Klimov, Alexander; Donis, Ruben O.; Luby, Stephen P.; Mikolon, Andrea B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dey, Tapan Kumar] Minist Environm & Forest, Forest Dept, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Das, Bidhan Chandra] Minist Fisheries & Livestock, Dept Livestock Serv, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Teifke, Jens P.] FLI, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Greifswald, Germany. [Shivaprasad, H. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab Syst, Tulare Branch, Tulare, CA USA. RP Khan, SU (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res Bangladesh ICDDR B, CCD, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM sukhanbd@gmail.com RI Gerloff, Nancy/C-8955-2015; Haider, Najmul/F-6083-2015; OI Gerloff, Nancy/0000-0001-5696-8318; Haider, Najmul/0000-0002-5980-3460; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01CI000628] FX This research study was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Cooperative Agreement 5U01CI000628). icddr, b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC to its research efforts. The contents of this report are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC or the icddr, b. We also acknowledge and appreciate the diligent technical assistance of Department of Livestock and Forest Department field officers of Bangladesh, the icddr, b field team, and the immunohistochemistry team of Gabriele Czerwinski at FLI. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3 BP 509 EP 518 DI 10.1007/s00705-013-1842-0 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AB8DE UT WOS:000332019500012 PM 24081824 ER PT J AU Dorell, C Yankey, D Jeyarajah, J Stokley, S Fisher, A Markowitz, L Smith, PJ AF Dorell, Christina Yankey, David Jeyarajah, Jenny Stokley, Shannon Fisher, Allison Markowitz, Lauri Smith, Philip J. TI Delay and Refusal of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine for Girls, National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2010 SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus vaccine; immunization; adolescents; girls; patient compliance; cancer vaccines; refusal ID HEALTH BELIEF MODEL; UNITED-STATES; DECISION-MAKING; COVERAGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; CHILDREN; CARE; HPV AB Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage among girls is low. We used data reported by parents of 4103 girls, 13 to 17 years old, to assess associations with, and reasons for, delaying or refusing HPV vaccination. Sixty-nine percent of parents neither delayed nor refused vaccination, 11% delayed only, 17% refused only, and 3% both delayed and refused. Eighty-three percent of girls who delayed only, 19% who refused only, and 46% who both delayed and refused went on to initiate the vaccine series or intended to initiate it within the next 12 months. A significantly higher proportion of parents of girls who were non-Hispanic white, lived in households with higher incomes, and had mothers with higher education levels, delayed and/or refused vaccination. The most common reasons for nonvaccination were concerns about lasting health problems from the vaccine, wondering about the vaccine's effectiveness, and believing the vaccine is not needed. C1 [Dorell, Christina; Yankey, David; Jeyarajah, Jenny; Stokley, Shannon; Fisher, Allison; Smith, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dorell, Christina] Univ Massachusetts, Off Clin Affairs, Sch Med, Quincy, MA USA. [Markowitz, Lauri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dorell, C (reprint author), Off Clin Affairs, 100 Hancock St,6th Floor, Quincy, MA 02171 USA. EM christina.dorell@state.ma.us NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 EI 1938-2707 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 IS 3 BP 261 EP 269 DI 10.1177/0009922813520070 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AA8TY UT WOS:000331369100010 PM 24463951 ER PT J AU O'Dea, EB Pepin, KM Lopman, BA Wilke, CO AF O'Dea, Eamon B. Pepin, Kim M. Lopman, Ben A. Wilke, Claus O. TI Fitting outbreak models to data from many small norovirus outbreaks SO EPIDEMICS LA English DT Article DE Stochastic epidemic model; Parameter estimation; Norovirus; Health-care-associated infection; Generalized linear model ID GENERALIZED LINEAR-MODELS; STOCHASTIC EPIDEMIC MODEL; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION; SUSCEPTIBLE INDIVIDUALS; ASYMPTOTIC PROPERTIES; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; INITIAL NUMBER; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS; ESTIMATOR AB Infectious disease often occurs in small, independent outbreaks in populations with varying characteristics. Each outbreak by itself may provide too little information for accurate estimation of epidemic model parameters. Here we show that using standard stochastic epidemic models for each outbreak and allowing parameters to vary between outbreaks according to a linear predictor leads to a generalized linear model that accurately estimates parameters from many small and diverse outbreaks. By estimating initial growth rates in addition to transmission rates, we are able to characterize variation in numbers of initially susceptible individuals or contact patterns between outbreaks. With simulation, we find that the estimates are fairly robust to the data being collected at discrete intervals and imputation of about half of all infectious periods. We apply the method by fitting data from 75 norovirus outbreaks in healthcare settings. Our baseline regression estimates are 0.0037 transmissions per infective-susceptible day, an initial growth rate of 0.27 transmissions per infective day, and a symptomatic period of 3.35 days. Outbreaks in long-term-care facilities had significantly higher transmission and initial growth rates than outbreaks in hospitals. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Dea, Eamon B.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pepin, Kim M.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pepin, Kim M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lopman, Ben A.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, Gastrointestinal Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dept, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Wilke, Claus O.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wilke, Claus O.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Cell & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP O'Dea, EB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. RI O'Dea, Eamon/E-6389-2016; OI O'Dea, Eamon/0000-0003-4748-683X; Wilke, Claus/0000-0002-7470-9261 FU NSF [EF-0742373]; NIH [R01 GM088344]; BEACON [61-2075UT]; RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate; U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, NIH FX This work was supported by NSF Grant EF-0742373 and NIH Grant R01 GM088344. E.B.O. was also supported by BEACON Grant 61-2075UT. K.M.P. was also supported by the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, NIH. Our funding sources had no role in this study's design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the analyzed data; in the writing of this paper; or in the decision to submit this paper for publication. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1755-4365 J9 EPIDEMICS-NETH JI Epidemics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 BP 18 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.epidem.2013.12.002 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AC3HP UT WOS:000332408200003 PM 24593918 ER PT J AU Chenoweth, CE Gould, CV Saint, S AF Chenoweth, Carol E. Gould, Carolyn V. Saint, Sanjay TI Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Prevention; Health care-associated; Urinary tract infection; ICU; Urinary catheter ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; DISEASES-SOCIETY; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; INAPPROPRIATE TREATMENT; AMERICA GUIDELINES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; SAFETY NETWORK AB Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is common, costly, and causes significant patient morbidity. CAUTIs are associated with hospital pathogens with a high propensity toward antimicrobial resistance. Treatment of asymptomatic patients with CAUTI accounts for excess antimicrobial use in hospitals and should be avoided. Duration of urinary catheterization is the predominant risk for CAUTI; preventive measures directed at limiting placement and early removal of urinary catheters have an impact on decreasing CAUTI rates. The use of bladder bundles and collaboratives, coupled with the support and active engagement from both hospital leaders and followers, seem to help prevent this common problem. C1 [Chenoweth, Carol E.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gould, Carolyn V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Div Gen Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Chenoweth, CE (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 3119 Taubman Ctr,1500 East Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM cchenow@umich.edu FU academic medical centers; specialty societies; group-purchasing organizations (eg, Premier, VHA); state-based hospital associations; nonprofit foundations (eg, Michigan Health and Hospital Association, Institute for Healthcare Improvement) FX C.E. Chenoweth, CV. Gould: None; S. Saint: Honoraria and speaking fees from academic medical centers, hospitals, specialty societies, group-purchasing organizations (eg, Premier, VHA), state-based hospital associations, and nonprofit foundations (eg, Michigan Health and Hospital Association, Institute for Healthcare Improvement) for lectures about catheter-associated urinary tract infection and implementation science. NR 83 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 33 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0891-5520 EI 1557-9824 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 1 BP 105 EP + DI 10.1016/j.idc.2013.09.002 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AB6RP UT WOS:000331917500009 PM 24484578 ER PT J AU Johnson, BJB Pilgard, MA Russell, TM AF Johnson, Barbara J. B. Pilgard, Mark A. Russell, Theresa M. TI Assessment of New Culture Method for Detection of Borrelia Species from Serum of Lyme Disease Patients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD CULTURES; BURGDORFERI; YIELD AB A novel method of culturing spirochetes from the serum of U.S. Lyme disease patients was recently reported by Sapi and colleagues to have 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity for Borrelia species as assessed by microscopy and DNA sequence analysis of the pyrG gene (E. Sapi, N. Pabbati, A. Datar, E. M. Davies, A. Rattelle, and B. A. Kuo, Int. J. Med. Sci. 10:362-376, 2013). The majority of the spirochetes described were related by pyrG sequences to species of Borrelia previously undetected in North American patients without a reported history of travel to Europe or Asia. To better understand these unexpected findings, we determined pyrG sequences of the laboratory reference strains used by the investigators for method development and testing of culture medium. Eighty percent (41/51) of the reported patient-derived pyrG sequences were identical to one of the laboratory strains, and an additional 12% (6/51) differed by only a single nucleotide across a 603-bp region of the pyrG gene. Thus, false positivity due to laboratory contamination of patient samples cannot be ruled out, and further validation of the proposed novel culture method is required. C1 [Johnson, Barbara J. B.; Pilgard, Mark A.; Russell, Theresa M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Johnson, BJB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM bjohnson@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 721 EP 724 DI 10.1128/JCM.01674-13 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200003 PM 23946519 ER PT J AU Garcia, A Subbarao, S Zhang, GQ Parsons, L Nkengasong, J Ou, CY Ellenberger, D AF Garcia, Albert Subbarao, Shambavi Zhang, Guoqing Parsons, Linda Nkengasong, John Ou, Chin-Yih Ellenberger, Dennis TI Impact of Proficiency Testing Program for Laboratories Conducting Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants in Low- to Middle-Income Countries SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BLOOD SPOT SPECIMENS; QUALITY-ASSURANCE PROGRAM; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; CLINICAL-TRIALS GROUP; LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS; CELL ENUMERATION; FILTER-PAPER; PERFORMANCE AB A voluntary, cost-free external quality assessment (EQA) program established by the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was implemented to primarily monitor the performance of laboratories conducting HIV Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) from dried blood spots (DBS) in low-to middle-income countries since 2006. Ten blind DBS proficiency test (PT) specimens and 100 known HIV-positive and -negative DBS specimens (to be used as internal controls) were shipped triannually to participating laboratories with reports for the PT specimens due within 30 days. The participant's results and a summary of the performance of all participating laboratories and each diagnostic method were provided after each test cycle. Enrollment in the CDC PT program expanded progressively from 17 laboratories from 11 countries in 2006 to include 136 laboratories from 41 countries at the end of 2012. Despite external pressures to test and treat more children while expanding EID programs, mean PT test scores significantly improved over time as demonstrated by the upward trend from mid-2006 to the end of 2012 (P = 0.001) and the increase in the percentage of laboratories scoring 100% (P = 0.003). The mean test scores plateaued over the past 10 testing cycles, ranging between 98.2% and 99.7%, and discordant test results still occur but at a rate of no higher than 2.6%. Analysis of these test results suggests a positive impact of proficiency testing on the testing performance of the participating laboratories, and a continuous training program and proficiency testing participation may translate into laboratories improving their testing accuracy. C1 [Garcia, Albert; Subbarao, Shambavi; Zhang, Guoqing; Parsons, Linda; Nkengasong, John; Ellenberger, Dennis] US Dept HHS, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ou, Chin-Yih] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ellenberger, D (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM dellenberger@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 773 EP 780 DI 10.1128/JCM.03097-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200010 PM 24353004 ER PT J AU Pham, CD Bolden, CB Kuykendall, RJ Lockhart, SR AF Pham, Cau D. Bolden, Carol B. Kuykendall, Randall J. Lockhart, Shawn R. TI Development of a Luminex-Based Multiplex Assay for Detection of Mutations Conferring Resistance to Echinocandins in Candida glabrata SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEILLANCE; FKS MUTATIONS; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FAILURE AB Echinocandins are the recommended treatment for invasive candidiasis due to Candida glabrata. Resistance to echinocandins is known to be caused by nonsynonymous mutations in the hot spot-1 (HS1) regions of the FKS1 and FKS2 genes, which encode a subunit of the beta-1,3-glucan synthase, the target of echinocandins. Here, we describe the development of a microsphere-based assay using Luminex MagPix technology to identify mutations in the FKS1 HS1 and FKS2 HS1 domains, which confer in vitro echinocandin resistance in C. glabrata isolates. The assay is rapid and can be performed with high throughput. The assay was validated using 102 isolates that had FKS1 HS1 and FKS2 HS1 domains previously characterized by DNA sequencing. The assay was 100% concordant with DNA sequencing results. The assay was then used for high-throughput screening of 1,032 C. glabrata surveillance isolates. Sixteen new isolates with mutations, including a mutation that was new to our collection (del659F), were identified. This assay provides a rapid and cost-effective way to screen C. glabrata isolates for echinocandin resistance. C1 [Pham, Cau D.; Bolden, Carol B.; Kuykendall, Randall J.; Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov FU Merck FX Merck provided funding to the CDC Foundation to support this work. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 790 EP 795 DI 10.1128/JCM.03378-13 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200012 PM 24353003 ER PT J AU Perez, E Williams, M Jacob, JT Reyes, MD Tejedor, SC Steinberg, JP Rowe, L Ganakammal, SR Changayil, S Weil, MR Donlan, RM AF Perez, Elizabeth Williams, Margaret Jacob, Jesse T. Reyes, Mary Dent Tejedor, Sheri Chernetsky Steinberg, James P. Rowe, Lori Ganakammal, Satishkumar Ranganathan Changayil, Shankar Weil, M. Ryan Donlan, Rodney M. TI Microbial Biofilms on Needleless Connectors for Central Venous Catheters: Comparison of Standard and Silver-Coated Devices Collected from Patients in an Acute Care Hospital SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; IN-VITRO; PREVENTION; SURFACES; BACTERIA; VALVE; WATER; SKIN AB Microorganisms may colonize needleless connectors (NCs) on intravascular catheters, forming biofilms and predisposing patients to catheter-associated infection (CAI). Standard and silver-coated NCs were collected from catheterized intensive care unit patients to characterize biofilm formation using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and to investigate the associations between NC usage and biofilm characteristics. Viable microorganisms were detected by plate counts from 46% of standard NCs and 59% of silver-coated NCs (P = 0.11). There were no significant associations (P > 0.05, chi-square test) between catheter type, side of catheter placement, number of catheter lumens, site of catheter placement, or NC placement duration and positive NC findings. There was an association (P = 0.04, chi-square test) between infusion type and positive findings for standard NCs. Viable microorganisms exhibiting intracellular esterase activity were detected on >90% of both NC types (P = 0.751), suggesting that a large percentage of organisms were not culturable using the conditions provided in this study. Amplification of the 16S rRNA gene from selected NCs provided a substantially larger number of operational taxonomic units per NC than did plate counts (26 to 43 versus 1 to 4 operational taxonomic units/NC, respectively), suggesting that culture-dependent methods may substantially underestimate microbial diversity on NCs. NC bacterial communities were clustered by patient and venous access type and may reflect the composition of the patient's local microbiome but also may contain organisms from the health care environment. NCs provide a portal of entry for a wide diversity of opportunistic pathogens to colonize the catheter lumen, forming a biofilm and increasing the potential for CAI, highlighting the importance of catheter maintenance practices to reduce microbial contamination. C1 [Perez, Elizabeth; Donlan, Rodney M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jacob, Jesse T.; Reyes, Mary Dent; Tejedor, Sheri Chernetsky; Steinberg, James P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowe, Lori] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ganakammal, Satishkumar Ranganathan; Changayil, Shankar; Weil, M. Ryan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Donlan, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rld8@cdc.gov RI Jacob, Jesse/A-8836-2009 FU Baxter Healthcare Corporation FX This research was funded by Baxter Healthcare Corporation as an investigator-initiated project and was performed under a research collaboration agreement between Emory University and the CDC. J.T. Jacob, M. D. Reyes, S. Chernetsky Tejedor, and J. P. Steinberg were supported in part by the investigator-initiated project. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 823 EP 831 DI 10.1128/JCM.02220-13 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200016 PM 24371233 ER PT J AU Waller, JL Diaz, MH Petrone, BL Benitez, AJ Wolff, BJ Edison, L Tobin-D'Angelo, M Moore, A Martyn, A Dishman, H Drenzek, CL Turner, K Hicks, LA Winchell, JM AF Waller, Jessica L. Diaz, Maureen H. Petrone, Brianna L. Benitez, Alvaro J. Wolff, Bernard J. Edison, Laura Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Moore, Ashley Martyn, Audrey Dishman, Hope Drenzek, Cherie L. Turner, Kim Hicks, Lauri A. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Detection and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae during an Outbreak of Respiratory Illness at a University SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; MACROLIDE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; INFECTIONS; STRAINS; CARRIAGE; PATHOGEN; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB An outbreak at a university in Georgia was identified after 83 cases of probable pneumonia were reported among students. Respiratory specimens were obtained from 21 students for the outbreak investigation. The TaqMan array card (TAC), a quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based multipathogen detection technology, was used to initially identify Mycoplasma pneumoniae as the causative agent in this outbreak. TAC demonstrated 100% diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared to those of the multiplex qPCR assay for this agent. All M. pneumoniae specimens (n = 12) and isolates (n = 10) were found through genetic analysis to be susceptible to macrolide antibiotics. The strain diversity of M. pneumoniae associated with this outbreak setting was identified using a variety of molecular typing procedures, resulting in two P1 genotypes (types 1 [60%] and 2 [40%]) and seven different multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) profiles. Continued molecular typing of this organism, particularly during outbreaks, may enhance the current understanding of the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae and may ultimately lead to a more effective public health response. C1 [Waller, Jessica L.; Diaz, Maureen H.; Petrone, Brianna L.; Benitez, Alvaro J.; Wolff, Bernard J.; Hicks, Lauri A.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edison, Laura; Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa; Moore, Ashley; Martyn, Audrey; Dishman, Hope; Drenzek, Cherie L.] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edison, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Workforce Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turner, Kim] Fulton Cty Dept Hlth & Wellness, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 849 EP 853 DI 10.1128/JCM.02810-13 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200020 PM 24371236 ER PT J AU Sjolund-Karlsson, M Howie, RL Crump, JA Whichard, JM AF Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria Howie, Rebecca L. Crump, John A. Whichard, Jean M. TI Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility Testing of Salmonella enterica: Detection of Acquired Resistance and Selection of Zone Diameter Breakpoints for Levofloxacin and Ofloxacin SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEROTYPE TYPHI; SEROVAR TYPHI; PLASMID; CIPROFLOXACIN; EMERGENCE AB Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) have become a mainstay for treating severe Salmonella infections in adults. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella is mostly due to mutations in the topoisomerase genes, but plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms have also been described. In 2012, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) revised the ciprofloxacin interpretive criteria (breakpoints) for disk diffusion and MIC test methods for Salmonella. In 2013, the CLSI published MIC breakpoints for Salmonella to levofloxacin and ofloxacin, but breakpoints for assigning disk diffusion results to susceptible (S), intermediate (I), and resistant (R) categories are still needed. In this study, the MICs and inhibition zone diameters for nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and ofloxacin were determined for 100 clinical isolates of nontyphi Salmonella with or without resistance mechanisms. We confirmed that the new levofloxacin MIC breakpoints resulted in the highest category agreement (94%) when plotted against the ciprofloxacin MICs and that the new ofloxacin MIC breakpoints resulted in 92% category agreement between ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. By applying the new MIC breakpoints in the MIC zone scattergrams for levofloxacin and ofloxacin, the following disk diffusion breakpoints generated the least number of errors: >= 28 mm(S), 19 to 27 mm(I), and <= 18 mm(R) for levofloxacin and >= 25 mm(S), 16 to 24 mm(I), and <= 15 mm(R) for ofloxacin. Neither the levofloxacin nor the ofloxacin disk yielded good separation of isolates with and without resistance mechanisms. Further studies will be needed to develop a disk diffusion assay that efficiently detects all isolates with acquired resistance to fluoroquinolones. C1 [Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria; Crump, John A.; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Howie, Rebecca L.] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sjolund-Karlsson, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwt4@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 877 EP 884 DI 10.1128/JCM.02679-13 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200024 PM 24391204 ER PT J AU Limbago, BM Kallen, AJ Zhu, WM Eggers, P McDougal, LK Albrecht, VS AF Limbago, Brandi M. Kallen, Alexander J. Zhu, Wenming Eggers, Paula McDougal, Linda K. Albrecht, Valerie S. TI Report of the 13th Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolate from the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE DISEASE; EVOLUTION; DATABASE; STRAINS; PLASMID AB Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), an important multidrug-resistant organism of public health concern, has been infrequently identified in the United States since 2002. All previous VRSA isolates belonged to clonal complex 5, a lineage associated primarily with health care. This report describes the most recent (13th) U.S. VRSA isolate, the first to be community associated. C1 [Limbago, Brandi M.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Zhu, Wenming; McDougal, Linda K.; Albrecht, Valerie S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Eggers, Paula] Delaware Div Publ Hlth, Dover, DE USA. RP Limbago, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BBL7@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 998 EP 1002 DI 10.1128/JCM.02187-13 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC0DE UT WOS:000332164200047 PM 24371243 ER PT J AU Kalman, LV Tarleton, JC Percy, AK Aradhya, S Bale, S Barker, SD Bayrak-Toydemir, P Bridges, C Buller-Burckle, AM Das, S Iyer, RK Vo, TD Zvereff, VV Toji, LH AF Kalman, Lisa V. Tarleton, Jack C. Percy, Alan K. Aradhya, Swaroop Bale, Sherri Barker, Shannon D. Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar Bridges, Christina Buller-Burckle, Arlene M. Das, Soma Iyer, Ramaswamy K. Vo, Timothy D. Zvereff, Val V. Toji, Lorraine H. TI Development of a Genomic DNA Reference Material Panel for Rett Syndrome (MECP2-Related Disorders) Genetic Testing SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID MUTATIONS AB Rett syndrome is a dominant X-Linked disorder caused by point mutations (approximately 80%) or by deletions or insertions (approximately 15% to 18%) in the MECP2 gene. It is most common in females but Lethal in males, with a distinctly different phenotype. Rett syndrome patients have severe neurological and behavioral problems. Clinical genetic testing Laboratories commonly use characterized genomic DNA reference materials to assure the quality of the testing process; however, none are commercially available for MECP2 genetic testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Genetic Testing Reference Material Coordination Program, in collaboration with the genetic testing community and the Coriell Cell Repositories, established 27 new cell lines and characterized the MECP2 mutations in these and in 8 previously available cell lines. DNA samples from the 35 cell lines were tested by eight clinical genetic testing laboratories using DNA sequence analysis and methods to assess copy number (multiplex Ligation-dependent probe amplification, semiquantitative PCR, or array-based comparative genomic hybridization). The eight common point mutations known to cause approximately 60% of Rett syndrome cases were identified, as were other MECP2 variants, including deletions, duplications, and frame shift and splice-site mutations. Two of the 35 samples were from males with MECP2 duplications. These MECP2 and other characterized genomic DNA samples are publicly available from the NIGMS Repository at the Coriell Cell Repositories. C1 [Kalman, Lisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tarleton, Jack C.; Bridges, Christina] Mission Hlth Syst, Fullerton Genet Ctr, Fullerton Genet Lab, Asheville, NC USA. [Percy, Alan K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Intellectual & Dev Disabil Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Aradhya, Swaroop; Bale, Sherri] GeneDx, Neurogenet, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Barker, Shannon D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar] ARUP Labs, Mol Genet & Genom Lab, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Buller-Burckle, Arlene M.] Quest Diagnost Nichols Inst, San Juan Capistrano, CA USA. [Das, Soma] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Iyer, Ramaswamy K.] Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Michigan Med Genet Labs, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Vo, Timothy D.] Ambry Genet, Aliso Viejo, CA USA. [Zvereff, Val V.] Lab Corp America, Mol Genet & Genom, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Toji, Lorraine H.] Coriell Inst Med Res, NIGMS Human Genet Cell Repository, Camden, NJ USA. RP Kalman, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Lab Programs Stand & Serv,Lab Res & Evalut Br, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lkalman@cdc.gov FU NIH-NICHD grant [U54-61222] FX Supported in part by NIH-NICHD grant U54-61222 (A.K.P.). NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 EI 1943-7811 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.11.004 PG 7 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA AC0NZ UT WOS:000332193300015 PM 24508304 ER PT J AU Mumford, SL Sundaram, R Schisterman, EF Sweeney, AM Barr, DB Rybak, ME Maisog, JM Parker, DL Pfeiffer, CM Louis, GMB AF Mumford, Sunni L. Sundaram, Rajeshwari Schisterman, Enrique F. Sweeney, Anne M. Barr, Dana Boyd Rybak, Michael E. Maisog, Jose M. Parker, Daniel L. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Louis, Germaine M. Buck TI Higher Urinary Lignan Concentrations in Women but Not Men Are Positively Associated with Shorter Time to Pregnancy SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SERUM ENTEROLACTONE CONCENTRATION; BREAST-CANCER RISK; REGRESSION-MODELS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PHYTOESTROGENS; INFERTILITY; SOY; BIOMARKERS; HEALTH; LIMIT AB Phytoestrogens have been associated with subtle hormonal changes, although effects on fecundity are unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the association between male and female urinary phytoestrogen (isoflavone and lignan) concentrations and time to pregnancy (TIP) in a population-based cohort of 501 couples desiring pregnancy and discontinuing contraception. Couples were followed for 12 moor until pregnancy. Fecundability ORs (FORs) and 95% CIs were estimated after adjusting for age, body mass index, race, site, creatinine, supplement use, and physical activity in relation to female, male, and joint couple concentrations. Models included the phytoestrogen of interest and the sum of the remaining individual phytoestrogens. FORs <1 denote a longer UP and FORs >1 a shorter TIP. Urinary lignan concentrations were higher, on average, among female partners of couples who became pregnant during the study compared with women who did not become pregnant (median enterodiol: 118 vs. 80 nmol/L; P < 0.10; median enterolactone: 990 vs. 412 nmol/L; P < 0.05) and were associated with significantly shorter UP in models based on both individual and couples' concentrations (couples' models: enterodiol FOR, 1.13; 95% Cl: 1.02, 1.26; enterolactone FOR, 1.11; 95% Cl: 1.01, 1.21). Male lignan concentrations were not associated with HP, nor were isoflavone concentrations. Sensitivity analyses showed that associations observed are unlikely to be explained by potential unmeasured confounding by lifestyle or other nutrients. Our results suggest that female urinary lignan concentrations at levels characteristic of the U.S. population are associated with a shorter TIP among couples who are attempting to conceive, highlighting the importance of dietary influences on fecundity. C1 [Mumford, Sunni L.; Sundaram, Rajeshwari; Schisterman, Enrique F.; Maisog, Jose M.; Louis, Germaine M. Buck] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Intramural Populat Hlth Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sweeney, Anne M.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rybak, Michael E.; Parker, Daniel L.; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mumford, SL (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Intramural Populat Hlth Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mumfords@mail.nih.gov OI Rybak, Michael/0000-0003-1650-8581; Sundaram, Rajeshwari/0000-0002-6918-5002; Schisterman, Enrique/0000-0003-3757-641X; Buck Louis, Germaine/0000-0002-1774-4490 FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [N01-HD-3-3355, N01-HD-3-3356, N01-HD-3-3358] FX Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (contracts N01-HD-3-3355, N01-HD-3-3356, and N01-HD-3-3358) NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 352 EP 358 DI 10.3945/jn.113.184820 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300016 PM 24401816 ER PT J AU Widen, EM Bentley, ME Kayira, D Chasela, CS Daza, EJ Kacheche, ZK Tegha, G Jamieson, DJ Kourtis, AP van der Horst, CM Allen, LH Shahab-Ferdows, S Adair, LS AF Widen, Elizabeth M. Bentley, Margaret E. Kayira, Dumbani Chasela, Charles S. Daza, Eric J. Kacheche, Zebrone K. Tegha, Gerald Jamieson, Denise J. Kourtis, Athena P. van der Horst, Charles M. Allen, Lindsay H. Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Adair, Linda S. CA BAN Study Team TI Changes in Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Hemoglobin Concentrations in Malawian Mothers Are Associated with Those Values in their Exclusively Breastfed, HIV-Exposed Infants SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; PLASMA FERRITIN; INFECTED WOMEN; 6 MO; MILK; LACTATION; BAN; PREGNANCY; STORES AB Infant iron status at birth is influenced by maternal iron status during pregnancy; however, there are limited data on the extent to which maternal iron status is associated with infant iron status during exclusive breastfeeding. We evaluated how maternal and infant hemoglobin and iron status [soluble transferrin receptors (TfR) and ferritin] were related during exclusive breastfeeding in HIV-infected women and their infants. The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study was a randomized controlled trial in Lilongwe, Malawi, in which HIV-infected women were assigned with a 2 X 3 factorial design to a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), or no LNS, and maternal, infant, or no antiretroviral drug, and followed for 24 wk. Longitudinal models were used to relate postpartum maternal hemoglobin (n = 1926) to concurrently measured infant hemoglobin, adjusting for initial infant hemoglobin values. In a subsample, change in infant iron status (hemoglobin, log ferritin, log TfR) between 2 (n = 352) or 6 wk (n = 167) and 24 wk (n = 519) was regressed on corresponding change in the maternal indicator, adjusting for 2 or 6 wk values. A1 g/L higher maternal hemoglobin at 12, 18, and 24 wk was associated with a 0.06 g/L (P = 0.01), 0.10 g/L (P < 0.001), and 0.06 g/L (P = 0.01), respectively, higher infant hemoglobin. In the subsample, a reduction in maternal log TfR and an increase in hemoglobin from initial measurement to 24 wk were associated with the same pattern in infant values (log TfR beta = -0.18 mg/L, P < 0.001; hemoglobin beta = 0.13 g/L, P= 0.01). Given the observed influence of maternal and initial infant values, optimizing maternal iron status in pregnancy and postpartum is important to protect infant iron status. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00164736. C1 [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Widen, Elizabeth M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bentley, Margaret E.; Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Daza, Eric J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Kacheche, Zebrone K.; Tegha, Gerald] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Parktown, South Africa. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Kourtis, Athena P.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Allen, Lindsay H.; Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Widen, EM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM ew2435@columbia.edu FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; National Institutes of Health Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06, R24 Tw00798]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson and Johnson; U.S Agency for International Development; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP53107]; Carolina Population Center [R24 HD050924] FX The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) Study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the CDC (SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI50410), and the National Institutes of Health Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 and R24 Tw00798, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act). The antiretrovirals used in the BAN Study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson and Johnson, and the U.S Agency for International Development The Malawi Mothers and Infants project was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant OPP53107) and the Carolina Population Center (R24 HD050924). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 144 IS 3 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.3945/jn.113.177915 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB8QE UT WOS:000332054300018 PM 24381222 ER PT J AU Paul, RL Davis, WC Yu, L Murphy, KE Guthrie, WF Leber, DD Bryan, CE Vetter, TW Shakirova, G Mitchell, G Kyle, DJ Jarrett, JM Caldwell, KL Jones, RL Eckdahl, S Wermers, M Maras, M Palmer, CD Verostek, MF Geraghty, CM Steuerwald, AJ Parsons, PJ AF Paul, Rick L. Davis, W. Clay Yu, Lee Murphy, Karen E. Guthrie, William F. Leber, Dennis D. Bryan, Colleen E. Vetter, Thomas W. Shakirova, Gulchekhra Mitchell, Graylin Kyle, David J. Jarrett, Jeffery M. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. Eckdahl, Steven Wermers, Michelle Maras, Melissa Palmer, C. D. Verostek, M. F. Geraghty, C. M. Steuerwald, Amy J. Parsons, Patrick J. TI Certification of total arsenic in blood and urine standard reference materials by radiochemical neutron activation analysis and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Neutron activation analysis; Arsenic; Toxic elements; Biologicals; Radiochemistry; Standard reference materials ID CD; HG AB Radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) was used to measure arsenic at four levels in standard reference material (SRM) 955c Toxic Elements in Caprine Blood and at two levels in SRM 2668 Toxic Elements in Frozen Human Urine for the purpose of providing mass concentration values for certification. Samples were freeze-dried prior to analysis followed by neutron irradiation for 3 h at a fluence rate of 1 x 10(14) cm(-2) s(-1). After sample dissolution in perchloric and nitric acids, arsenic was separated from the matrix either by retention on hydrated manganese dioxide (urine) or by extraction into zinc diethyldithiocarbamate in chloroform (blood). As-76 was quantified by gamma-ray spectroscopy. Differences in chemical yield and counting geometry between samples and standards were monitored by measuring the count rate of a (77) As tracer added before sample dissolution. RNAA results were combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry values from National Institute of Standards and Technology and collaborating laboratories to provide certified values of 10.81 +/- 0.54 and 213.1 +/- 0.73 mu g/L for SRM 2668 Levels I and II, and certified values of 21.66 +/- 0.73, 52.7 +/- 1.1, and 78.8 +/- 4.9 mu g/L for SRM 955c Levels II-IV, respectively. Because of discrepancies between values obtained by different methods for SRM 955c Level I, an information value of <5 mu g/L was assigned for this material. C1 [Paul, Rick L.; Davis, W. Clay; Yu, Lee; Murphy, Karen E.; Bryan, Colleen E.; Vetter, Thomas W.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Guthrie, William F.; Leber, Dennis D.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Shakirova, Gulchekhra; Mitchell, Graylin; Kyle, David J.; Jarrett, Jeffery M.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Eckdahl, Steven; Wermers, Michelle; Maras, Melissa] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Palmer, C. D.; Verostek, M. F.; Geraghty, C. M.; Steuerwald, Amy J.; Parsons, Patrick J.] New York State Dept Hlth NYSDOH, Lab Inorgan & Nucl Chem, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Parsons, Patrick J.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY 12201 USA. RP Paul, RL (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM rick.paul@nist.gov RI Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015; OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853; Jarrett, Jeffery/0000-0001-5755-3552; Parsons, Patrick/0000-0001-9133-875X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1555 EP 1563 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2866-3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400053 PM 26300575 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR Tappero, JW Dowell, SF Hien, NT Guillaume, FD Aceng, JR AF Frieden, Thomas R. Tappero, Jordan W. Dowell, Scott F. Hien, Nguyen T. Guillaume, Florence D. Aceng, Jane R. TI Safer countries through global health security SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; IMPLEMENTATION; POSTEARTHQUAKE; CAPACITY; HAITI C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.; Tappero, Jordan W.; Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hien, Nguyen T.] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Guillaume, Florence D.] Minist Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Aceng, Jane R.] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfrieden@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 383 IS 9919 BP 764 EP 766 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60189-6 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AC3EV UT WOS:000332398700008 PM 24529561 ER PT J AU Niederkrotenthaler, T Logan, JE Karch, DL Crosby, A AF Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas Logan, Joseph E. Karch, Debra L. Crosby, Alex TI Characteristics of US Suicide Decedents in 2005-2010 Who Had Received Mental Health Treatment SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION; RISK AB Objective: To inform suicide prevention efforts in mental health treatment, the study assessed associations between recent mental health treatment, personal characteristics, and circumstances of suicide among suicide decedents. Methods: Data from 18 states reporting to the National Violent Death Reporting System between 2005 and 2010 (N=57,877 suicides) were used to compare circumstances among adult decedents receiving any or no type of mental health treatment within two months before death. Results: Of suicide decedents, 28.5% received treatment before suicide. Several variables were associated with higher odds of receiving treatment, including death by poisoning with commonly prescribed substances (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=3.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.84-3.26), a history of suicide attempts (AOR=2.77, CI=2.64-2.90), depressed mood (AOR=1.69, CI= 1.62-1.76), and nonalcoholic substance abuse or dependence (AOR= 1.13, CI= 1.07-1.19). Conclusions: For nearly a third of all suicide decedents, better mental health care might have prevented death. Efforts to reduce access to lethal doses of prescription medications seem warranted to prevent overdosing with commonly prescribed substances. C1 [Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas; Logan, Joseph E.; Karch, Debra L.; Crosby, Alex] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Niederkrotenthaler, T (reprint author), Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Publ Hlth, Dept Gen Practice & Family Med, Vienna, Austria. EM thomas.niederkrotenthaler@meduniwien.ac.at OI Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas/0000-0001-9550-628X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 EI 1557-9700 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 IS 3 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.201300124 PG 4 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA AB8NY UT WOS:000332048500018 PM 24584526 ER PT J AU Looker, C Luster, MI Calafat, AM Johnson, VJ Burleson, GR Burleson, FG Fletcher, T AF Looker, Claire Luster, Michael I. Calafat, Antonia M. Johnson, Victor J. Burleson, Gary R. Burleson, Florence G. Fletcher, Tony TI Influenza Vaccine Response in Adults Exposed to Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctanesulfonate SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE immunotoxicology; influenza vaccine; polyfluorinated alkyl acids; perfluorooctanoate; perfluorooctanesulfonate ID ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; POLYFLUOROALKYL COMPOUNDS; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; BLOOD-DONORS; ACID AB Editors Highlight: Vaccines and their possible adverse effects have received a great deal of popular attention, often based on sketchy science. In this issue of ToxSci, Luster and colleagues provide an example of how quality toxicological research can reveal connections between vaccines, immune function, and environmental exposures. The authors examined a human population that was exposed to perfluorooctanoate (PFOS) and how they responded to vaccines for influenza viruses. The results showed that individuals with high levels of PFOS had weaker antibody responses. Even though an increase in self-reported infections was not observed in this study, the fact that such inadvertent exposures can blunt one of the most important public health interventions demands further attention. Elderly and infirm populations often receive higher doses of vaccines to generate a more robust antibody response. The reported findings suggest that individuals exposed to certain environmental contaminants may also require higher doses of vaccines, or at least titer checks to confirm appropriate vaccine response. Gary W. Miller.Supported by several epidemiological studies and a large number of animal studies, certain polyfluorinated alkyl acids are believed to be immunotoxic, affecting particularly humoral immunity. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between the antibody response following vaccination with an inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine and circulating levels of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). The study population consisted of 411 adults living in the mid-Ohio region of Ohio and West Virginia where public drinking water had been inadvertently contaminated with PFOA. They participated in a larger cross-sectional study in 2005/2006 and were followed up in 2010, by which time serum levels of PFOA had been substantially reduced but were still well above those found in the general population. Hemagglutination inhibition tests were conducted on serum samples collected preinfluenza vaccination and 213 days postvaccination in 2010. Serum samples were also analyzed for PFOA and PFOS concentrations (median: 31.5 and 9.2ng/ml, respectively). Questionnaires were conducted regarding the occurrence and frequency of recent (during the last 12 months) respiratory infections. Our findings indicated that elevated PFOA serum concentrations are associated with reduced antibody titer rise, particularly to A/H3N2 influenza virus, and an increased risk of not attaining the antibody threshold considered to offer long-term protection. Although the direct relationship between weakened antibody response and clinical risk of influenza is not clear, we did not find evidence for an association between self-reported colds or influenza and PFOA levels nor between PFOS serum concentrations and any of the endpoints examined. C1 [Looker, Claire; Fletcher, Tony] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Social & Environm Hlth Res, London WCIH 9SH, England. [Luster, Michael I.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Victor J.; Burleson, Gary R.; Burleson, Florence G.] Burleson Res Technol Inc, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Luster, MI (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 39 Quail Rd, Morgantown, WV 26508 USA. EM miklus22@comcast.net FU DuPont; Plaintiffs FX This research was supported by the C8 Class Action Settlement Agreement (Circuit Court of Wood County, WV) between DuPont and Plaintiffs, which resulted from releases into drinking water of the chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, or C8). Funds are administered by an agency which reports to the court. Our work and conclusions are independent of either party to the lawsuit. NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 138 IS 1 BP 76 EP 88 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft269 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AB8MW UT WOS:000332045500008 PM 24284791 ER PT J AU Halldin, CN Petsonk, EL Laney, AS AF Halldin, Cara N. Petsonk, Edward L. Laney, A. Scott TI Validation of the International Labour Office Digitized Standard Images for Recognition and Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pneumoconiosis; digital radiography; imaging; chest radiograph ID PHOSPHOR COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY; FILM-SCREEN RADIOGRAPHY; DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHS AB Rationale and Objectives: Chest radiographs are recommended for prevention and detection of pneumoconiosis. In 2011, the International Labour Office (ILO) released a revision of the International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses that included a digitized standard images set. The:present study compared results of classifications of digital chest images performed using the new ILO 2011 digitized standard images to-classification approaches used in the past. Materials and Methods: Underground coal miners (N = 172) were examined using both digital and film-screen radiography (FSR) on the same day. Seven National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-certified B Readers independently classified all 172 digital radiographs, once using the ILO 2011 digitized standard images (DRILO2011-D) and once using digitized standard images used in the previous research (DRRES). The same seven B Readers classified all the miners' chest films using the ILO film-based standards. Results: Agreement between classifications of FSR and digital radiography was identical, using a standard image set (either DRLO2011-D or DRRES). The overall weighted kappa value was 0.58. Some specific differences in the results were seen and noted. However, intrareader variability in this study was similar to the published values and did not appear to be affected by the use of the new ILO 2011 digitized standard images. Conclusions: These findings validate the use of the ILO digitized standard images for classification of small pneumoconiotic opacities. When digital chest radiographs are obtained and displayed appropriately, results of pneumoconiosis classifications using the 2011 ILO digitized standards are comparable to film-based ILO classifications and to classifications using earlier research standards. C1 [Halldin, Cara N.; Petsonk, Edward L.; Laney, A. Scott] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Halldin, Cara N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Halldin, CN (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM challdin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1076-6332 EI 1878-4046 J9 ACAD RADIOL JI Acad. Radiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP 305 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.acra.2013.11.019 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AB3CX UT WOS:000331670000002 PM 24507420 ER PT J AU Hirai, AH Sappenfield, WM Kogan, MD Barfield, WD Goodman, DA Ghandour, RM Lu, MC AF Hirai, Ashley H. Sappenfield, William M. Kogan, Michael D. Barfield, Wanda D. Goodman, David A. Ghandour, Reem M. Lu, Michael C. TI Contributors to Excess Infant Mortality in the U.S. South SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRETERM BIRTH; SLEEPING ENVIRONMENT; DEATHS EXPANSION; GESTATIONAL-AGE; RATES; RECOMMENDATIONS; DELIVERY; WEIGHT; CLASSIFICATION AB Background: Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are disproportionally high in the U.S. South; however, the proximate contributors that could inform regional action remain unclear. Purpose: To quantify the components of excess infant mortality in the U.S. South by maternal race/ethnicity, underlying cause of death, and gestational age. Methods: U.S. Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Files 2007-2009 (analyzed in 2013) were used to compare IMRs between the South (U.S. Public Health Regions IV and VI) and all other regions combined. Results: Compared to other regions, there were 1.18 excess infant deaths per 1000 live births in the South, representing about 1600 excess infant deaths annually. New Mexico and Texas did not have elevated IMRs relative to other regions; excess death rates among other states ranged from 0.62 per 1000 in Kentucky to 3.82 per 1000 in Mississippi. Racial/ethnic compositional differences, generally the greater proportion of non-Hispanic black births in the South, explained 59% of the overall regional difference; the remainder was mostly explained by higher IMRs among non-Hispanic whites. The leading causes of excess Southern infant mortality were sudden unexpected infant death (SUID; 36%, range=12% in Florida to 90% in Kentucky) and preterm-related death (22%, range=-71% in Kentucky to 51% in North Carolina). Higher rates of preterm birth, predominantly <34 weeks, accounted for most of the preterm contribution. Conclusions: To reduce excess Southern infant mortality, comprehensive strategies addressing SUID and preterm birth prevention for both non-Hispanic black and white births are needed, with state-level findings used to tailor state-specific efforts. C1 [Hirai, Ashley H.; Kogan, Michael D.; Ghandour, Reem M.; Lu, Michael C.] USDHHS, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Sappenfield, William M.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [Barfield, Wanda D.; Goodman, David A.] USDHHS, CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hirai, AH (reprint author), USDHHS, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, 5600 Fishers Lane Rm 13-45, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM ahirai@hrsa.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 219 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.12.006 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700001 PM 24512860 ER PT J AU Luckhaupt, SE Cohen, MA Li, J Calvert, GM AF Luckhaupt, Sara E. Cohen, Martha A. Li, Jia Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Prevalence of Obesity Among U.S. Workers and Associations with Occupational Factors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS-RESPONSE; SELF-REPORTED HEALTH; SHIFT WORK; JOB INSECURITY; EATING BEHAVIOR; STRAIN; EMPLOYEES; WEIGHT AB Background: Along with public health and clinical professionals, employers are taking note of rising obesity rates among their employees, as obesity is strongly related to chronic health problems and concomitant increased healthcare costs. Contributors to the obesity epidemic are complex and numerous, and may include several work characteristics. Purpose: To explore associations between occupational factors and obesity among U.S. workers. Methods: Data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey were utilized to calculate weighted prevalence rates and prevalence ratios (PRs) for obesity in relation to workweek length, work schedule, work arrangement, hostile work environment, job insecurity, work-family imbalance, and industry and occupation of employment. Data were collected in 2010 and analyzed in 2012-2013. Results: Overall, 27.7% of U.S. workers met the BMI criterion for obesity. Among all workers, employment for more than 40 hours per week and exposure to a hostile work environment were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, although the differences were modest. Employment in health care and social assistance and public administration industries, as well as architecture and engineering, community and social service, protective service, and office and administrative support occupations was also associated with increased obesity prevalence. Conclusions: Work-related factors may contribute to the high prevalence of obesity in the U.S. working population. Public health professionals and employers should consider workplace interventions that target organization-level factors, such as scheduling and prevention of workplace hostility, along with individual-level factors such as diet and exercise. C1 [Luckhaupt, Sara E.; Cohen, Martha A.; Li, Jia; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Luckhaupt, SE (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sluckhaupt@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 237 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.11.002 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700003 PM 24512862 ER PT J AU Emery, S Aly, EH Vera, L Alexander, RL AF Emery, Sherry Aly, Eman H. Vera, Lisa Alexander, Robert L., Jr. TI Tobacco Control in a Changing Media Landscape How Tobacco Control Programs Use the Internet SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SMOKING; INTERACTIVITY; INFORMATION; SALES AB Background: More than 80% of U.S. adults use the Internet, 65% of online adults use social media, and more than 60% use the Internet to find and share health information. Purpose: State tobacco control campaigns could effectively harness the powerful, inexpensive online messaging opportunities. Characterizing current Internet presence of state-sponsored tobacco control programs is an important first step toward informing such campaigns. Methods: A research specialist searched the Internet for state-sponsored tobacco control resources and social media presence for each state in 2010 and 2011, to develop a resource inventory and observe change over 6 months. Data were analyzed and websites coded for interactivity and content between July and October 2011. Results: Although all states have tobacco control websites, content and interactivity of those sites remain limited. State tobacco control program use of social media appears to be increasing over time. Conclusions: Information presented on the Internet by state-sponsored tobacco control programs remains modest and limited in interactivity, customization, and search engine optimization. These programs could take advantage of an important opportunity to communicate with the public about the health effects of tobacco use and available community cessation and prevention resources. C1 [Emery, Sherry; Aly, Eman H.] Univ Illinois, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, Chicago, IL 60608 USA. [Vera, Lisa] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Alexander, Robert L., Jr.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Emery, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, 1747 W Roosevelt Rd,Suite 558, Chicago, IL 60608 USA. EM slemery@uic.edu FU National Cancer Institute [CA123444, 5U01CA154254]; CDC [5U48DP000048-05] FX This study was funded by the National Cancer Institute (CA123444 and 5U01CA154254) and the CDC (5U48DP000048-05). The authors would like to acknowledge Tamara Looney for providing Internet search and methodology and Aimee Humphrey for manuscript editing. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.11.005 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700010 PM 24512869 ER PT J AU Hahn, RA Rammohan, V Truman, BI Milstein, B Johnson, RL Muntaner, C Jones, CP Fullilove, MT Chattopadhyay, SK Hunt, PC Abraido-Lanza, AF AF Hahn, Robert A. Rammohan, Veda Truman, Benedict I. Milstein, Bobby Johnson, Robert. L. Muntaner, Caries Jones, Camara P. Fullilove, Mindy T. Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Hunt, Pete C. Abraido-Lanza, Ana F. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI Effects of Full-Day Kindergarten on the Long-Term Health Prospects of Children in Low-Income and Racial/Ethnic-Minority Populations A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; SOCIAL-DEVELOPMENT; HEAD-START; METAANALYSIS; EDUCATION; INTERVENTION; ACHIEVEMENT; KNOWLEDGE; MATTER AB Context: Children from low-income and minority families are often behind higher-income and majority children in language, cognitive, and social development even before they enter school. Because educational achievement has been shown to improve long-term health, addressing these delays may foster greater health equity. This systematic review assesses the extent to which full-day kindergarten (FDK), compared with half-day kindergarten (HDK), prepares children, particularly those from low-income and minority families, to succeed in primary and secondary school and improve lifelong health. Evidence acquisition: A meta-analysis (2010) on the effects of FDK versus HDK among U.S. children measured educational achievement at the end of kindergarten. The meta-analysis was concordant with Community Guide criteria. Findings on the longer-term effects of FDK suggested "fade-out" by third grade. The present review used evidence on the longer-term effects of pre-K education to explore the loss of FDK effects over time. Evidence synthesis: FDK improved academic achievement by an average of 0.35 SDs (Cohen's d; 95% CI=0.23, 0.46). The effect on verbal achievement was 0.46 (Cohen's d; 95% CI=0.32, 0.61) and that on math achievement was 0.24 (Cohen's d; 95% CI=0.06, 0.43). Evidence of "fade-out" from pre-K education found that better-designed studies indicated both residual benefits over multiple years and the utility of educational boosters to maintain benefits, suggesting analogous longer-term effects of FDK. Conclusions: There is strong evidence that FDK improves academic achievement, a predictor of longer-term health benefits. To sustain early benefits, intensive elementary school education is needed. If targeted to low-income and minority communities, FDK can advance health equity. C1 [Hahn, Robert A.; Rammohan, Veda; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jones, Camara P.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Truman, Benedict I.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS, Off Associate Director Sci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hunt, Pete C.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Milstein, Bobby] Hygeia Dynam, Brookline, MA USA. [Johnson, Robert. L.] UMDNJ New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Fullilove, Mindy T.; Abraido-Lanza, Ana F.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Muntaner, Caries] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM RHahn@cdc.com.gov NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 312 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.12.003 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700013 PM 24512872 ER PT J AU Hahn, RA AF Hahn, Robert A. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI Recommendation for Full-Day Kindergarten for Children of Low-Income and Racial/Ethnic-Minority Families SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL-DEVELOPMENT; EDUCATION AB The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends full-day kindergarten programs to improve the health prospects of minority children and children from low-income families, based on strong evidence that, compared with half-day kindergarten or full-day kindergarten on alternating days, full-day programs substantially improve reading and mathematics achievement-determinants of long-term academic and health-related outcomes (e.g., reduced teen pregnancy and risk behaviors). The achievement gains apparent at the beginning of first grade do not, themselves, guarantee academic achievement in later years. Ongoing school environments that support learning and development are essential. C1 [Hahn, Robert A.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, MS E69,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RHahn@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 324 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.12.002 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700014 ER PT J AU Bell, TR Duong, KK Finelli, L Slaten, DD AF Bell, Teal R. Duong, Krista Kornylo Finelli, Lyn Slaten, Douglas D. TI Influenza Surveillance on Cruise Ships SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bell, Teal R.; Duong, Krista Kornylo; Finelli, Lyn; Slaten, Douglas D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bell, Teal R.] Council State & Terr Epidemiologist, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Duong, KK (reprint author), CDC, MPH, CPH, Los Angeles Quarantine Stn, 380 World Way,N-19, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. EM Kkornylo@cdc.gov FU NCHM CDC HHS [5U38HM000414] NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 327 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.014 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB1ZB UT WOS:000331591700015 PM 24512874 ER PT J AU Dacus, HLM O'Sullivan, GM Major, A White, DE AF Dacus, Heather L. M. O'Sullivan, Gina M. Major, Anne White, Dana E. TI The Role of a State Health Agency in Promoting Cancer Prevention at the Community Level Examples from New York State SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and more work is needed to decrease the number of new cancer cases and the number of cancer cases diagnosed at a late stage. In New York State, about 106,000 people are diagnosed with cancer each year, 37% of which are diagnosed in adults aged 45-64 years and 55% in those aged >= 65 years. State health agencies are in a unique role to support implementation of cancer prevention strategies at the local level that may have a large impact on the burden of cancer by changing the context in which an individual makes health decisions. The New York State Department of Health, with support through the CDC, is implementing an 18-month cancer prevention demonstration project in two counties aimed at increasing access to nutritious foods, promoting exclusive breastfeeding and decreasing barriers to obtainment of cancer screening. The specific activities being used by the two counties are highlighted, and promising results after the first 6 months of the project are described. Lessons learned from these projects will be reported at regular intervals and used to inform development of larger, statewide initiatives aimed at reducing cancer incidence and death in New York State. (C) 2014 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Dacus, Heather L. M.; O'Sullivan, Gina M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Major, Anne; White, Dana E.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dacus, HLM (reprint author), 150 Broadway,Room 350, Albany, NY 12204 USA. EM hlm04@health.ny.gov FU CDC [5U58DP003879] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement 5U58DP003879 from the CDC. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 SU 1 BP S81 EP S86 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.034 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB2AU UT WOS:000331596200010 PM 24512935 ER PT J AU Holman, DM Grossman, M Henley, SJ Peipins, LA Tison, L White, MC AF Holman, Dawn M. Grossman, Melissa Henley, S. Jane Peipins, Lucy A. Tison, Laura White, Mary C. TI Opportunities for Cancer Prevention During Midlife Highlights from a Meeting of Experts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DIETARY MODIFICATION TRIAL; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MENTAL-ILLNESS; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; NEXT-GENERATION; HOMELESS ADULTS; BREAST-CANCER; BETA-CAROTENE AB This paper provides highlights from a CDC-hosted meeting on opportunities for cancer prevention during midlife (roughly ages 45-64 years). Positive changes during this phase of life have the potential to prevent cancer incidence later in life, making this phase an opportune time for targeted prevention efforts to facilitate healthy aging and increased longevity. Risk and protective factors discussed during the meeting included exposure to radiation from medical imaging procedures, circadian disruption, chemical exposures, dietary factors, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical activity, diabetes, and the human microbiome. Although many of these factors are well recognized as being related to cancer incidence, others are not as widely recognized or have emerged as growing areas of research. Meeting participants discussed promising strategies for cancer prevention targeting this age group. Just as there are multiple determinants of cancer risk, there are likely multiple solutions. Changes to social and physical environments may facilitate healthy behaviors and minimize harmful exposures. Information shared during the meeting about health disparities in the U.S. highlighted the need to go beyond traditional approaches to cancer prevention to truly reach vulnerable populations. Partnerships are also a key component to prevention efforts; community-based and nonprofit organizations, the healthcare system, research institutions, state health departments, and federal agencies were all noted as important partners in prevention efforts. Coordinated, multi-disciplinary efforts across multiple chronic diseases may provide opportunities for synergistic effects. Further, leveraging key partnerships and existing communication channels can maximize success and facilitate timely translation of research findings into public health practice. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Holman, Dawn M.; Grossman, Melissa; Henley, S. Jane; Peipins, Lucy A.; Tison, Laura; White, Mary C.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Holman, DM (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Chamblee Campus,Bldg 107,MS F76,4770 Buford Hwy, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM dhol-man@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012; OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962; Henley, S Jane/0000-0002-2420-306X FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC FX Publication of this article was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 SU 1 BP S73 EP S80 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.030 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB2AU UT WOS:000331596200009 PM 24512934 ER PT J AU Ory, MG Anderson, LA Friedman, DB Pulczinski, JC Eugene, N Satariano, WA AF Ory, Marcia G. Anderson, Lynda A. Friedman, Daniela B. Pulczinski, Jairus C. Eugene, Nola Satariano, William A. TI Cancer Prevention Among Adults Aged 45-64 Years Setting the Stage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH BEHAVIOR-CHANGE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; MIDLIFE; MAINTENANCE; CONSORTIUM; MORTALITY; SERVICES; OBESITY AB As part of setting the stage for this supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, a life-course perspective is presented to assist in understanding the importance of cancer prevention for adults in midlife, a period roughly spanning 20 years between ages 45 and 64 years. Drawing on disciplinary perspectives from the social sciences and public health, several life-course themes are delineated in this article: how specific life transitions present unique opportunities for interventions to inform policy and practice that can improve population health outcomes; how interventions can be focused on those at particular life stages or on the entire life course; and how the onset and progression of chronic conditions such as cancer are dependent on a complex interplay of critical and sensitive periods, and trajectory and accumulation processes. A translational research framework is applied to help promote the movement of applied public health interventions for cancer prevention into practice. Also explored are differences that can affect people at midlife relative to other age cohorts. Specifically, cancer-related risks and care networks are examined, with examples of public health strategies that can be applied to cancer prevention and control. As a conclusion, select methodologic issues and next steps for advancing research and practice are identified. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ory, Marcia G.; Pulczinski, Jairus C.; Eugene, Nola] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Friedman, Daniela B.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Canc Prevent & Control Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Satariano, William A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ory, MG (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, 1266 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM mory@srph.tamhsc.edu FU CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control; Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network; CDC; National Cancer Institute [1U48/DP001936]; [1U48/DP001924]; [1U48/DP001911] FX Publication of this article was supported (in part) by the CDC cooperative agreements to Prevention Research Centers Programs in support of two Networks, the Healthy Aging Research Network, which is funded by CDC's Healthy Aging Program, and the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network, which is funded by CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. MG Ory was partially supported by Grant 1U48/DP001924. DB Friedman was partially supported by Grant 1U48/DP001936, the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network, from the CDC and the National Cancer Institute and Grant 1U48/DP001936, the Healthy Aging Research Network, from the CDC. WA Satariano was partially supported by Grant 1U48/DP001911. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 SU 1 BP S1 EP S6 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.027 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB2AU UT WOS:000331596200001 PM 24512925 ER PT J AU White, MC Holman, DM Boehm, JE Peipins, LA Grossman, M Henley, J AF White, Mary C. Holman, Dawn M. Boehm, Jennifer E. Peipins, Lucy A. Grossman, Melissa Henley, Jane TI Age and Cancer Risk A Potentially Modifiable Relationship SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; UNITED-STATES; RADIATION-EXPOSURE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; PUBLIC-HEALTH; LIFE-STYLE; SMOKING-CESSATION; COLORECTAL-CANCER; US POPULATION AB This article challenges the idea that Cancer cannot be prevented among older adults by examining different aspects of the relationship between age and cancer. Although the sequential patterns of aging cannot be changed, several age-related factors that contribute to disease risk can be. For most adults, age is coincidentally associated with preventable chronic conditions, avoidable exposures, and modifiable risk behaviors that are causally associated with cancer. Mid life is a period of life when the prevalence of multiple cancer risk factors is high and incidence rates begin to increase for many types of cancer. However, current evidence suggests that for most adults, cancer does not have to be an inevitable consequence of growing older. Interventions that support healthy environments, help people manage chronic conditions, and promote healthy behaviors may help people make a healthier transition from midlife to older age and reduce the likelihood of developing cancer. Because the number of adults reaching older ages is increasing rapidly, the number of new cancer cases will also increase if current incidence rates remain unchanged. Thus, the need to translate the available research into practice to promote cancer prevention, especially for adults at midlife, has never been greater. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [White, Mary C.; Holman, Dawn M.; Boehm, Jennifer E.; Peipins, Lucy A.; Grossman, Melissa; Henley, Jane] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP White, MC (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mxw5@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012; OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962; Henley, S Jane/0000-0002-2420-306X FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC FX Publication of this article was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. NR 112 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 SU 1 BP S7 EP S15 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.029 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AB2AU UT WOS:000331596200002 PM 24512933 ER PT J AU Latner, DR McGrew, M Williams, NJ Sowers, SB Bellini, WJ Hickman, CJ AF Latner, Donald R. McGrew, Marcia Williams, Nobia J. Sowers, Sun B. Bellini, William J. Hickman, Carole J. TI Estimates of Mumps Seroprevalence May Be Influenced by Antibody Specificity and Serologic Method SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION NEUTRALIZATION ASSAY; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; RUBELLA MMR VACCINATIONS; VIRUS VACCINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; LARGE OUTBREAK; UNITED-STATES; MEASLES-VIRUS AB Neutralizing antibodies are assumed to be essential for protection against mumps virus infection, but their measurement is labor- and time-intensive. For this reason, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are typically used to measure mumps-specific IgG levels. However, since there is poor correlation between mumps neutralization titers and ELISAs that measure the presence of mumps-specific IgG levels, ELISAs that better correlate with neutralization are needed. To address this issue, we measured mumps antibody levels by plaque reduction neutralization, by a commercial ELISA (whole-virus antigen), and by ELISAs specific for the mumps nucleoprotein and hemagglutinin. The results indicate that differences in the antibody response to the individual mumps proteins could partially explain the lack of correlation among various serologic tests. Furthermore, the data indicate that some seropositive individuals have low levels of neutralizing antibody. If neutralizing antibody is important for protection, this suggests that previous estimates of immunity based on whole-virus ELISAs may be overstated. C1 [Latner, Donald R.; McGrew, Marcia; Williams, Nobia J.; Sowers, Sun B.; Bellini, William J.; Hickman, Carole J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Latner, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dlatner@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP 286 EP 297 DI 10.1128/CVI.00621-13 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AB8JT UT WOS:000332036900004 PM 24371258 ER PT J AU Lambert, ND Pankratz, VS Larrabee, BR Ogee-Nwankwo, A Chen, MH Icenogle, JP Poland, GA AF Lambert, Nathaniel D. Pankratz, V. Shane Larrabee, Beth R. Ogee-Nwankwo, Adaeze Chen, Min-hsin Icenogle, Joseph P. Poland, Gregory A. TI High-Throughput Assay Optimization and Statistical Interpolation of Rubella-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Titers SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION; INTERNATIONAL UNITS; LATEX AGGLUTINATION; CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SMALLPOX VACCINE; PLAQUE REDUCTION; VIRUS; IMMUNOASSAYS AB Rubella remains a social and economic burden due to the high incidence of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in some countries. For this reason, an accurate and efficient high-throughput measure of antibody response to vaccination is an important tool. In order to measure rubella-specific neutralizing antibodies in a large cohort of vaccinated individuals, a high-throughput immunocolorimetric system was developed. Statistical interpolation models were applied to the resulting titers to refine quantitative estimates of neutralizing antibody titers relative to the assayed neutralizing antibody dilutions. This assay, including the statistical methods developed, can be used to assess the neutralizing humoral immune response to rubella virus and may be adaptable for assessing the response to other viral vaccines and infectious agents. C1 [Lambert, Nathaniel D.; Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Mayo Vaccine Res Grp, Rochester, MN 55902 USA. [Pankratz, V. Shane; Larrabee, Beth R.] Mayo Clin, Div Biostat, Rochester, MN USA. [Ogee-Nwankwo, Adaeze; Chen, Min-hsin; Icenogle, Joseph P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Poland, Gregory A.] Mayo Clin, Program Translat Immunovirol & Biodef, Rochester, MN USA. RP Poland, GA (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Mayo Vaccine Res Grp, Rochester, MN 55902 USA. EM poland.gregory@mayo.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R37 AI048793-11] FX Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R37 AI048793-11 (which recently received a MERIT award). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP 340 EP 346 DI 10.1128/CVI.00681-13 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AB8JT UT WOS:000332036900010 PM 24391140 ER PT J AU Litvintseva, AP Lindsley, MD Gade, L Smith, R Chiller, T Lyons, JL Thakur, KT Zhang, SX Grgurich, DE Kerkering, TM Brandt, ME Park, BJ AF Litvintseva, Anastasia P. Lindsley, Mark D. Gade, Lalitha Smith, Rachel Chiller, Tom Lyons, Jennifer L. Thakur, Kiran T. Zhang, Sean X. Grgurich, Dale E. Kerkering, Thomas M. Brandt, Mary E. Park, Benjamin J. TI Utility of (1-3)-beta-D-Glucan Testing for Diagnostics and Monitoring Response to Treatment During the Multistate Outbreak of Fungal Meningitis and Other Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE (1-3)-beta-D-glucan; Fungitell; Exserohilum; fungal meningitis ID CONTAMINATED METHYLPREDNISOLONE INJECTIONS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; BETA-GLUCANS; EXSEROHILUM; LEUKEMIA; AID; DNA AB Background. The 2012 outbreak of fungal meningitis associated with contaminated methylprednisolone produced by a compounding pharmacy has resulted in >750 infections. An important question facing patients and clinicians is the duration of antifungal therapy. We evaluated (1-3)-beta-D-glucan (BDG) as a marker for monitoring response to treatment. Methods. We determined sensitivity and specificity of BDG testing using the Fungitell assay, by testing 41 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from confirmed cases of fungal meningitis and 66 negative control CSF specimens. We also assessed whether BDG levels correlate with clinical status by using incident samples from 108 case patients with meningitis and 20 patients with serially collected CSF. Results. A cutoff value of 138 pg/mL provided 100% sensitivity and 98% specificity for diagnosis of fungal meningitis in this outbreak. Patients with serially collected CSF were divided into 2 groups: those in whom BDG levels declined with treatment and those in whom BDG remained elevated. Whereas most patients with a decline in CSF BDG had clinical improvement, all 3 patients with continually elevated BDG had poor clinical outcomes (stroke, meningitis relapse, or development of new disease). Conclusions. Our data suggest that measuring BDG in CSF is a highly sensitive test for diagnosis of fungal meningitis in this outbreak. Analysis of BDG levels in serially collected CSF demonstrated that BDG may correlate with clinical response. Routine measurement of BDG in CSF may provide useful adjunctive data for the clinical management of patients with outbreak-associated meningitis. C1 [Litvintseva, Anastasia P.; Lindsley, Mark D.; Gade, Lalitha; Smith, Rachel; Chiller, Tom; Brandt, Mary E.; Park, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lyons, Jennifer L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lyons, Jennifer L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Thakur, Kiran T.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zhang, Sean X.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Div Microbiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Grgurich, Dale E.; Kerkering, Thomas M.] Virginia Tech, Caril Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Roanoke, VA USA. RP Litvintseva, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM frq8@cdc.gov FU NIMH NIH HHS [R25 MH080663] NR 22 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 5 BP 622 EP 630 DI 10.1093/cid/cit808 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AB5RR UT WOS:000331846700008 PM 24336827 ER PT J AU Bulterys, PL Kaplan, JE Gutman, J AF Bulterys, Philip L. Kaplan, Jonathan E. Gutman, Julie TI Preventing Malaria in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE malaria; hiv; pregnancy; co-trimoxazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ID FOLIC-ACID ANTAGONISTS; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; DISEASES; DEFECTS; ADULTS C1 [Bulterys, Philip L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, UCLA Caltech Med Scientist Training Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Kaplan, Jonathan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bulterys, PL (reprint author), 254 Biomed Sci Res Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM bulterys@ucla.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM008042] NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 5 BP 660 EP 662 DI 10.1093/cid/cit805 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AB5RR UT WOS:000331846700013 PM 24336822 ER PT J AU Rossen, LM Khan, D Warner, M AF Rossen, Lauren M. Khan, Diba Warner, Margaret TI Hot spots in mortality from drug poisoning in the United States, 2007-2009 SO HEALTH & PLACE LA English DT Article DE Empirical Bayes prediction; Spatial variation; Overdose; Cold spots ID OPIOID PAIN RELIEVERS; VITAL SIGNS OVERDOSES; INFLATED COUNT DATA; MIXTURE MODEL; DEATHS; TRENDS; RATES AB Over the past several years, the death rate associated with drug poisoning has increased by over 300% in the U.S. Drug poisoning mortality varies widely by state, but geographic variation at the substate level has largely not been explored. National mortality data (2007-2009) and small area estimation methods were used to predict age-adjusted death rates due to drug poisoning at the county level, which were then mapped in order to explore: whether drug poisoning mortality clusters by county, and where hot and cold spots occur (i.e., groups of counties that evidence extremely high or low age-adjusted death rates due to drug poisoning). Results highlight several regions of the U.S. where the burden of drug poisoning mortality is especially high. Findings may help inform efforts to address the growing problem of drug poisoning mortality by indicating where the epidemic is concentrated geographically. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Khan, Diba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Res Methodol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Warner, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Rossen, LM (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6114, Hyattsville, MD USA. EM lrossen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1353-8292 EI 1873-2054 J9 HEALTH PLACE JI Health Place PD MAR PY 2014 VL 26 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.11.005 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB3WU UT WOS:000331721700003 PM 24333939 ER PT J AU Ruder, AM Hein, MJ Hopf, NB Waters, MA AF Ruder, Avima M. Hein, Misty J. Hopf, Nancy B. Waters, Martha A. TI Mortality among 24,865 workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in three electrical capacitor manufacturing plants: A ten-year update SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Cohort study; Occupational exposure; Cancer; Exposure assessment ID TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; SHORT-TERM WORKERS; CANCER-MORTALITY; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; UTILITY WORKERS; BREAST-CANCER; HEALTH; COHORT; RISK; REGRESSION AB The objective of this analysis was to evaluate mortality among a cohort of 24,865 capacitor-manufacturing workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at plants in Indiana, Massachusetts, and New York and followed for mortality through 2008. Cumulative PCB exposure was estimated using plant-specific job-exposure matrices. External comparisons to US and state-specific populations used standardized mortality ratios, adjusted for gender, race, age and calendar year. Among long-term workers employed 3 months or longer, within-cohort comparisons used standardized rate ratios and multivariable Poisson regression modeling. Through 2008, more than one million person-years at risk and 8749 deaths were accrued. Among long-term employees, all-cause and all-cancer mortality were not elevated; of the a priori outcomes assessed only melanoma mortality was elevated. Mortality was elevated for some outcomes of a priori interest among subgroups of long-term workers: all cancer, intestinal cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (women); melanoma (men); melanoma and brain and nervous system cancer (Indiana plant); and melanoma and multiple myeloma (New York plant). Standardized rates of stomach and uterine cancer and multiple myeloma mortality increased with estimated cumulative PCB exposure. Poisson regression modeling showed significant associations with estimated cumulative PCB exposure for prostate and stomach cancer mortality. For other outcomes of a priori interest - rectal, liver, ovarian, breast, and thyroid cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease - neither elevated mortality nor positive associations with PCB exposure were observed. Associations between estimated cumulative PCB exposure and stomach, uterine, and prostate cancer and myeloma mortality confirmed our previous positive findings. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Ruder, Avima M.; Hein, Misty J.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hopf, Nancy B.] Inst Work & Hlth IST, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ruder, AM (reprint author), NIOSH, Mailstop R-16,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM aruder@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This study was entirely funded by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health base operating funds. NR 60 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 217 IS 2-3 BP 176 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.04.006 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AB2AN UT WOS:000331595500007 PM 23707056 ER PT J AU Kielb, C Lin, S Herdt-Losavio, M Bell, E Chapman, B Rocheleau, CM Lawson, C Waters, M Stewart, P Olney, RS Romitti, PA Cao, YY Druschel, C AF Kielb, Christine Lin, Shao Herdt-Losavio, Michele Bell, Erin Chapman, Bonnie Rocheleau, Carissa M. Lawson, Christina Waters, Martha Stewart, Patricia Olney, Richard S. Romitti, Paul A. Cao, Yanyan Druschel, Charlotte CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal periconceptional occupational exposure to pesticides and selected musculoskeletal birth defects SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pesticides; Maternal occupational exposure; Craniosynostosis; Gastroschisis; Diaphragmatic hernia; Transverse limb deficiencies ID LIMB REDUCTION DEFECTS; INCREASING PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES; GASTROSCHISIS; RISK; PREVENTION; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS; OMPHALOCELE; MANCOZEB; RATS AB This population-based U.S. study investigated the association between major musculoskeletal malformations and periconceptional maternal occupational pesticide exposure for a wide range of occupations. We conducted a multi-site case-control analysis using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study among employed women with due dates from October 1,1997 through December 31, 2002. Cases included 871 live-born, stillborn, or electively terminated fetuses with isolated craniosynostosis, gastroschisis, diaphragmatic hernia, or transverse limb deficiencies. Controls included 2857 live-born infants without major malformations. Using self-reported maternal occupational information, an industrial hygienist used a job-exposure matrix and expert opinion to evaluate the potential for exposure to insecticides, herbicides or fungicides for each job held during one month pre-conception through three months post-conception. Exposures analyzed included any exposure (yes/no) to pesticides, to insecticides only, to both insecticides and herbicides (I + H) and to insecticides, herbicides and fungicides (I + H + F). We used logistic regression to evaluate the association between exposures and defects, controlling for infant and maternal risk factors. Occupational exposure to I + H + F was associated with gastroschisis among infants of women aged 20 years or older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-3.05), but not for women under age 20 (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.20-1.16). We found no significant associations for the other defects. Additional research is needed to validate these findings in a separate population. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Kielb, Christine; Lin, Shao; Herdt-Losavio, Michele; Druschel, Charlotte] New York State Dept Hlth, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Lin, Shao; Herdt-Losavio, Michele; Druschel, Charlotte] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Chapman, Bonnie] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Lawson, Christina; Waters, Martha] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stewart, Patricia] Stewart Exposure Assessments LLC, Arlington, VA USA. [Olney, Richard S.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Romitti, Paul A.; Cao, Yanyan] Univ Iowa, Sch Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Kielb, C (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Coming Tower Room 1203,Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237 USA. EM clk03@health.state.ny.us OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 FU Centers of Excellence [U01/DD00048702]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001, 200-2000-08018]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported through Centers of Excellence Award No. U01/DD00048702, cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081 and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, and by contract 200-2000-08018 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 217 IS 2-3 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.06.003 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AB2AN UT WOS:000331595500015 PM 23871272 ER PT J AU Baker, BJ Moonan, PK AF Baker, B. J. Moonan, P. K. TI Characterizing tuberculosis genotype clusters along the United States-Mexico border SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis transmission; epidemiology; emigrants and immigrants; United States epidemiology; genotype ID BORN PERSONS; TRANSMISSION AB We examined the growth of tuberculosis (TB) genotype clusters during 2005-2010 in the United States, categorized by country of origin and ethnicity of the index case and geographic proximity to the US Mexico border at the time of TB diagnosis. Nationwide, 38.9% of cases subsequent to Mexico-born index cases were US-born. Among clusters following US-born Hispanic and US-born non-Hispanic index cases, respectively 29.2% and 5.3% of subsequent cluster members were Mexico-born. In border areas, the majority of subsequent cases were Mexico-born following US-born Hispanic (56.4%) and US-born non-Hispanic (55.6%) index cases. These findings suggest that TB transmission commonly occurs between US-born and Mexico-born persons. Along the US Mexico border, prioritizing TB genotype clusters following US-born index cases for investigation may prevent subsequent cases among both US-born and Mexico-born persons. C1 [Baker, B. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baker, B. J.; Moonan, P. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baker, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bjbaker@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 18 IS 3 BP 289 EP 291 DI 10.5588/ijtld.13.0684 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA AB6TF UT WOS:000331921700008 PM 24670563 ER PT J AU Imanishi, M Rotstein, DS Reimschuessel, R Schwensohn, CA Woody, DH Davis, SW Hunt, AD Arends, KD Achen, M Cui, J Zhang, Y Denny, LF Phan, QN Joseph, LA Tuite, CC Tataryn, JR Behravesh, CB AF Imanishi, Maho Rotstein, David S. Reimschuessel, Renate Schwensohn, Colin A. Woody, Dillard H., Jr. Davis, Samuel W. Hunt, April D. Arends, Katherine D. Achen, Maya Cui, Jing Zhang, Yan Denny, Lynn F. Phan, Quyen N. Joseph, Lavin A. Tuite, Carla C. Tataryn, Joanne R. Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis infection in humans linked to dry dog food in the United States and Canada, 2012 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PET FOOD; TREATS; PRODUCTS; UPDATE AB Case Description-In April 2012, Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis was detected in an unopened bag of dry dog food collected during routine retail surveillance. PulseNet, a national bacterial subtyping network, identified humans with Salmonella Infantis infection with the same genetic fingerprint as the dog food sample. Clinical Findings-An outbreak investigation identified 53 ill humans infected with the outbreak strain during January 1 to July 5, 2012, in 21 states and 2 provinces in Canada; 20 (38%) were children <= 2 years old, and 12 of 37 (32%) were hospitalized. Of 21 ill people who remembered the dog food brand, 12 (57%) reported a brand produced at a plant in Gaston, SC. Traceback investigations also identified that plant. The outbreak strain was isolated from bags of dry dog food and fecal specimens obtained from dogs that lived with ill people and that ate the implicated dry dog food. Treatment and Outcome-The plant was closed temporarily for cleaning and disinfection. Sixteen brands involving > 27,000 metric tons (> 30,000 tons) of dry dog and cat food were recalled. Thirty-one ill dogs linked to recalled products were reported through the FDA consumer complaint system. Clinical Relevance-A one-health collaborative effort on epidemiological, laboratory, and traceback investigations linked dry dog foods produced at a plant to illnesses in dogs and humans. More efforts are needed to increase awareness among pet owners, health-care professionals, and the pet food industry on the risk of illness in pets and their owners associated with dry pet foods and treats. C1 [Imanishi, Maho; Schwensohn, Colin A.; Joseph, Lavin A.; Behravesh, Casey Barton] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rotstein, David S.; Tuite, Carla C.] US FDA, Off Coordinated Outbreak Response & Evaluat Netwo, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Reimschuessel, Renate] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Res Off, Vet Lab Investigat & Response Network, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Woody, Dillard H., Jr.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Div Compliance, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Davis, Samuel W.] South Carolina Dept Agr, Columbia, SC 29211 USA. [Hunt, April D.] Michigan Dept Agr & Rural Dev, Pesticide & Plant Pest Management Div, Lansing, MI 48933 USA. [Arends, Katherine D.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Communicable Dis Div, Lansing, MI 48933 USA. [Achen, Maya] Ohio Dept Agr, Consumer Protect Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Cui, Jing; Zhang, Yan] Ohio Dept Agr, Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Denny, Lynn F.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Bur Infect Dis, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. [Phan, Quyen N.] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Emerging Infect Program, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Tataryn, Joanne R.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Food Borne Environm & Zoonot Infect Dis, Outbreak Management Div, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. RP Behravesh, CB (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CBartonBehravesh@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 244 IS 5 BP 545 EP 553 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AB4RS UT WOS:000331778200008 PM 24548229 ER PT J AU Daley, MF Kempe, A Pyrzanowski, J Vogt, TM Dickinson, LM Kile, D Fang, H Rinehart, DJ Shlay, JC AF Daley, Matthew F. Kempe, Allison Pyrzanowski, Jennifer Vogt, Tara M. Dickinson, L. Miriam Kile, Deidre Fang, Hai Rinehart, Deborah J. Shlay, Judith C. TI School-Located Vaccination of Adolescents With Insurance Billing: Cost, Reimbursement, and Vaccination Outcomes SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Vaccine; School; Adolescent; Cost; Billing; Reimbursement ID GROUP-RANDOMIZED TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; CHILDREN; DELIVERY; COVERAGE; IMMUNIZATIONS; PROGRAMS; VACCINES; DESIGN AB Purpose: To assess, in a school-located adolescent vaccination program that billed health insurance, the program costs, the proportion of costs reimbursed, and the likelihood of vaccination. Methods: During the 2010-2011 school year, vaccination clinics were held for sixth-to eighth-grade students at seven Denver public schools. Vaccine administration and purchase costs were compared with reimbursement by insurers. Multivariate analyses were used to compare the likelihood of vaccination among students in intervention schools with students in control schools who did not participate in the program, with analyses stratified by grade (sixth grade vs. seventh-eighth grades). Results: Fifteen percent (466 of 3,144) of students attending intervention schools were vaccinated at school-located vaccination clinics. Among students vaccinated at school, 41% were uninsured, 37% publicly insured, and 22% privately insured. Estimated vaccine administration costs were $23.98 per vaccine dose. Seventy-eight percent of vaccine purchase costs and 14% of vaccine administration costs were reimbursed by insurers; 41% of total program costs were reimbursed. Sixth-grade students in intervention schools were more likely than those in control schools to receive tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (risk ratio [RR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08, 1.57), meningococcal conjugate (RR, 1.42; CI, 1.18, 1.70), and human papillomavirus (for females only, RR, 1.69; CI, 1.21, 2.36) vaccines during the 2010-2011 school year, with similar results for seventh-to eighth-grade students. Conclusions: Although school-located adolescent vaccination with billing appears feasible and likely to improve vaccination rates, improvements in insurance coverage and reimbursement rates may be needed for the long-term financial sustainability of such programs. (C) 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Daley, Matthew F.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO 80231 USA. [Kempe, Allison; Pyrzanowski, Jennifer; Dickinson, L. Miriam] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Kempe, Allison; Kile, Deidre] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Vogt, Tara M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dickinson, L. Miriam; Shlay, Judith C.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Family Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Fang, Hai] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Rinehart, Deborah J.] Denver Hlth, Hlth Serv Res, Denver, CO USA. [Shlay, Judith C.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Daley, MF (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, 10065 E Harvard Ave,300, Denver, CO 80231 USA. EM matthew.f.daley@kp.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01-1P00016-01] FX This investigation was supported by Cooperative Agreement #U01-1P00016-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This investigation would not have been possible without the strong support of Denver Public Schools personnel, including Donna Shocks, M.S.N., C.N.S., R.N., manager of Nursing and Student Health; Jean Lyons, B.S.N., R.N., nursing supervisor; Scott Romero, M.S., coordinated School Health specialist; and the principals, nurses, and staff at each of the participating schools. The investigation would also not have been possible without the many contributions of the other members of the Denver In-School Immunization Project: Sarah Rodgers, B.A.; Emily McCormick, M.P.H.; Anne Hammer, B.A., B.S.N.; Mette Riis, B.S.N., M.S.W.; and Simon J. Hambidge, Ph.D., M.D. We would also like to thank the following individuals for their efforts: Nicole Morgan, M.H.A.; Elizabeth J. Campagna, M.S.; and Brenda Beaty, M.S.P.H. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 BP 282 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.12.011 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA AB3XF UT WOS:000331722800008 PM 24560036 ER PT J AU Steiner, RJ Michael, SL Hall, JE Barrios, LC Robin, L AF Steiner, Riley J. Michael, Shannon L. Hall, Jeffrey E. Barrios, Lisa C. Robin, Leah TI Youth Violence and Connectedness in Adolescence: What Are the Implications for Later Sexually Transmitted Infections? SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Violence; Family connectedness; School connectedness; Sexually transmitted infections ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; HIV RISK; FEMALE ADOLESCENTS; DATING VIOLENCE; ADULT WOMEN; CHILDHOOD; ABUSE; HEALTH; BEHAVIOR; MEN AB Purpose: To examine associations between (1) youth violence victimization and perpetration and later sexually transmitted infections (STI) and (2) parent-family and school connectedness and later STI, and to explore the moderating role of connectedness on the associations between youth violence victimization and perpetration and later STI. Methods: We used data from Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, which provided a baseline weighted sample of 14,800 respondents. We used logistic regression to examine associations between youth violence and connectedness with self-reported ever STI diagnosis, including gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, genital herpes, genital warts or human papillomavirus, or human immunodeficiency virus. If participants reported having an STI at Wave I they were excluded from the analysis. Results: Controlling for biological sex, race/ethnicity, age, parent's highest education level, and parent's marital status, both youth violence victimization and perpetration were associated with an increased risk of later STI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.52; and AOR, 1.21, 95% CI, 1.04-1.41, respectively). Parent-family and school connectedness in adolescence were associated with a decreased risk for later STI (AOR, .96, 95% CI, .95-.98; and AOR, .97, 95% CI,.95-.99, respectively); however, connectedness did not moderate the associations between nonsexual violence involvement and later STI. Conclusions: These results indicate that youth violence victimization and perpetration may be risk factors for STI later in life. Conversely, parent-family and school connectedness in adolescence appear to protect against subsequent STI. The findings suggest that provider efforts to address youth violence and connectedness in adolescence can promote positive sexual health outcomes in adulthood. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Steiner, Riley J.; Michael, Shannon L.; Barrios, Lisa C.; Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hall, Jeffrey E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Steiner, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4700 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop K-29, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rsteiner@cdc.gov FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [P01-HD31921] FX This research uses data from Add Health, a program project directed by Kathleen Mullan Harris and designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and funded by Grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations. No direct support was received from Grant P01-HD31921 for this analysis. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 BP 312 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.09.008 PG 8 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA AB3XF UT WOS:000331722800012 PM 24268359 ER PT J AU Chasela, CS Kourtis, AP Wall, P Drobeniuc, J King, CC Thai, H Teshale, EH Hosseinipour, M Ellington, S Codd, MB Jamieson, DJ Knight, R Fitzpatrick, P Kamili, S Hoffman, I Kayira, D Mumba, N Kamwendo, DD Martinson, F Powderly, W Teo, CG van der Horst, C AF Chasela, Charles S. Kourtis, Athena P. Wall, Patrick Drobeniuc, Jan King, Caroline C. Thai, Hong Teshale, Eyasu H. Hosseinipour, Mina Ellington, Sascha Codd, Mary B. Jamieson, Denise J. Knight, Rod Fitzpatrick, Patricia Kamili, Saleem Hoffman, Irving Kayira, Dumbani Mumba, Noel Kamwendo, Deborah D. Martinson, Francis Powderly, William Teo, Chong-Gee van der Horst, Charles CA BAN Study Team TI Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis; HIV; Mother-to-child transmission; Sub-Saharan Africa; Antiviral therapy ID SOUTH-AFRICA; HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION; RISK-FACTORS; PERINATAL TRANSMISSION; HBV INFECTION; CARRIER STATE; COTE-DIVOIRE; LIVER-CANCER; OCCULT HBV; COINFECTION AB Background & Aims: The extent of HBV infection to infants of HBV/HIV-coinfected pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of HBV infection among antiretroviral-naive, HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and examine HBV transmission to their infants. Methods: Plasma from 2048 HIV-infected, Malawian women and their infants were tested for markers of HBV infection. Study participants were provided standard-of-care health services, which included administration of pentavalent vaccine to infants at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Results: One-hundred and three women (5%) were HBsAg-positive; 70 of these HBsAg-positive women were also HBV-DNA-positive. Sixteen women (0.8%) were HBV-DNA-positive but HBsAg-negative. Five of 51 infants (9.8%) born to HBsAg-positive and/or HBV-DNA-positive women were HBV-DNA-positive by 48 weeks of age. HBV DNA concentrations of two infants of mothers who received extended lamivudine-containing anti-HIV prophylaxis were <4 log(10) IU/ml compared to >= 8 log(10) IU/ml in three infants of mothers who did not. Conclusions: HBV DNA was detected in nearly 10% of infants born to HBV/HIV-coinfected women. Antenatal testing for HIV and HBV, if instituted, can facilitate implementation of prophylactic measures against infant infection by both viruses. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. C1 [Chasela, Charles S.; Hosseinipour, Mina; Kayira, Dumbani; Mumba, Noel; Kamwendo, Deborah D.; Martinson, Francis] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Chasela, Charles S.; Wall, Patrick; Codd, Mary B.; Fitzpatrick, Patricia; Powderly, William] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Publ Hlth Physiotherapy & Populat Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kourtis, Athena P.; King, Caroline C.; Ellington, Sascha; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Drobeniuc, Jan; Thai, Hong; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Kamili, Saleem; Teo, Chong-Gee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hosseinipour, Mina; Hoffman, Irving; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Knight, Rod] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov OI Fitzpatrick, Patricia/0000-0003-2524-3677 FU Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of North Carolina (UNC) Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; University College Dublin (UCD) Ad Astra Fellowship; NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06, R24 Tw00798]; Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; United Nations Children's Fund; World Food Program; Malawi Ministry of Health and Population; Johnson Johnson; U.S. Agency for International Development FX The BAN study was supported by grants from the Prevention Research Centers Special Interest Project of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 13-01 U48-CCU409660-09, SIP 26-04 U48-DP000059-01, and SIP 22-09 U48-DP001944-01]; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; the University of North Carolina (UNC) Center for AIDS Research [P30-AI50410]; University College Dublin (UCD) Ad Astra Fellowship; and the NIH Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program [DHHS/NIH/FIC 2-D43 Tw01039-06 and R24 Tw00798; the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act]. The antiretrovirals used in the BAN study were donated by Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Bristol-Myers Squibb. The Call to Action PMTCT program was supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the United Nations Children's Fund, the World Food Program, the Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Johnson & Johnson, and the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 EI 1600-0641 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 508 EP 514 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AB0RB UT WOS:000331498700009 PM 24211737 ER PT J AU Palaia, JM McConnell, M Achenbach, JE Gustafson, CE Stoermer, KA Nolan, M Guay, LA Leitner, TK Matovu, F Taylor, AW Fowler, MG Janoff, EN AF Palaia, Jana M. McConnell, Michelle Achenbach, Jenna E. Gustafson, Claire E. Stoermer, Kristina A. Nolan, Monica Guay, Laura A. Leitner, Thomas K. Matovu, Flavia Taylor, Allan W. Fowler, Mary Glenn Janoff, Edward N. TI Neutralization of HIV subtypes A and D by breast milk IgG from women with HIV infection in Uganda SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Breast milk; HIV; Neutralization; IgG,IgA; Uganda; Subtype A; Subtype D; Mucosal immunity ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LACTATING RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL-FREE HIV; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SECRETORY IGA; TRANSMISSION; RESPONSES; INFANT; TRANSCYTOSIS AB Objectives: Among HIV-exposed infants in resource-limited countries, 8e12% are infected postnatally by breastfeeding. However, most of those uninfected at birth remain uninfected over time despite daily exposure to HIV in breast milk. Thus, we assessed the HIVinhibitory activity of breast milk. Methods: We measured cross-clade neutralization in activated PBMC of Ugandan subtype A (92UG031) and D (92UG005) primary HIV by breast milk or purified milk IgG and IgA from 25 HIV-infected Ugandan women. Isotype-specific antigen recognition was resolved by immunoblot. We determined HIV subtype from envelope population sequences in cells from 13 milk samples by PCR. Results: Milk inhibited p24 production by >= 50% (dose-dependent) by subtype A (21/25; 84%) and subtype D (11/25; 44%). IgG consistently reacted with multiple HIV antigens, including gp120/gp41, but IgA primarily recognized p24 alone. Depletion of IgG (n Z 5), not IgA, diminished neutralization (mean 78 +/- 33%) that was largely restored by IgG repletion. Mothers infected with subtype A more effectively neutralized subtype A than D. Conclusions: Breast milk from HIV-infected women showed homotypic and cross-subtype neutralization of HIV by IgG-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These data direct further investigations into mechanisms of resistance against postnatal transmission of HIV to infants from their mothers. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association. C1 [Palaia, Jana M.; Achenbach, Jenna E.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Stoermer, Kristina A.; Janoff, Edward N.] Univ Colorado, MAVRC, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Palaia, Jana M.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Janoff, Edward N.] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [McConnell, Michelle; Nolan, Monica; Taylor, Allan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Guay, Laura A.; Matovu, Flavia; Fowler, Mary Glenn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Leitner, Thomas K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Janoff, EN (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, MAVRC, Box B-168,12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Edward.Janoff@ucdenver.edu FU NIH [R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265]; United States Centers for Disease Control; Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) [MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00]; University of Colorado Denver's Office of Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant; Mucosal and Vaccine Research Colorado Program (MAVRC); University of Colorado Cancer Center DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core [P30 CA046934] FX This work supported by NIH R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265, the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC; " Pathobiology of Breast Milk among HIV-1 infected Ugandan women receiving intrapartum nevirapine" study), the Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00, University of Colorado Denver's Office of Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant, the Mucosal and Vaccine Research Colorado Program (MAVRC) and the University of Colorado Cancer Center DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core (Grant # P30 CA046934). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank Jacinta Cooper for technical support and advice and the women in Kampala, Uganda for their participation. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 EI 1532-2742 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 264 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.11.002 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB3TC UT WOS:000331712100008 PM 24239588 ER PT J AU Broor, S Dawood, FS Pandey, BG Saha, S Gupta, V Krishnan, A Rai, S Singh, P Erdman, D Lal, RB AF Broor, Shobha Dawood, Fatimah S. Pandey, Bharti G. Saha, Siddhartha Gupta, Vivek Krishnan, Anand Rai, Sanjay Singh, Pratibha Erdman, Dean Lal, Renu B. TI Rates of respiratory virus-associated hospitalization in children aged < 5 years in rural northern India SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Respiratory infections; Hospitalization; Respiratory syncytial viruses; Influenza; Parainfluenza; Adenovirus; Coronavirus; Human metapneumovirus ID LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; VIRAL PNEUMONIA; GLOBAL BURDEN; INFECTIONS; ETIOLOGY; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Objectives: Though respiratory viruses are thought to cause substantial morbidity globally in children aged <5 years, the incidence of severe respiratory virus infections in children is unknown in India where 20% of the world's children live. Methods: During August 2009-July 2011, prospective population-based surveillance was conducted for hospitalizations of children aged <5 years in a rural community in Haryana State. Clinical data and respiratory specimens were collected. Swabs were tested by RT-PCR for influenza and parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, and adenovirus. Average annual hospitalization incidence was calculated using census data and adjusted for hospitalizations reported to occur at non-study hospitals according to a comunity healthcare utilization survey. Results: Of 245 hospitalized children, respiratory viruses were detected among 98 (40%), of whom 92 (94%) had fever or respiratory symptoms. RSV accounted for the highest virus-associated hospitalization incidence (34.6/10,000, 95% CI 26.3-44.7) and 20% of hospitalizations. There were 11.8/10,000 (95% CI 7.9-18.4) influenza-associated hospitalizations (7% of hospitalizations). RSV and influenza virus detection peaked in winter (November-February) and rainy seasons (July), respectively. Conclusion: Respiratory viruses were associated with a substantial proportion of hospitalizations among young children in a rural Indian community. Public health research and prevention in India should consider targeting RSV and influenza in young children. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association. C1 [Broor, Shobha; Pandey, Bharti G.; Gupta, Vivek; Krishnan, Anand; Rai, Sanjay] All India Inst Med Sci, Delhi, India. [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Saha, Siddhartha; Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Singh, Pratibha] Manav Rachna Int Univ, Faridabad, India. [Erdman, Dean] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Broor, S (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. EM shobha.broor@gmail.com; fdawood@cdc.gov OI Gupta, Vivek/0000-0002-6157-3705; Krishnan, Anand/0000-0002-9173-7811 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, US [U01 IP000206] FX This study was supported in part by cooperative agreements U01 IP000206 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, US. The authors do not have any relevant conflicts of interest to declare. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 EI 1532-2742 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 281 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.11.005 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB3TC UT WOS:000331712100010 PM 24269675 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Chaves, SS Perez, A Reingold, A Meek, J Farley, MM Ryan, P Lynfield, R Morin, C Baumbach, J Bennett, NM Zansky, S Thomas, A Lindegren, ML Schaffner, W Finelli, L AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Chaves, Sandra S. Perez, Alejandro Reingold, Arthur Meek, James Farley, Monica M. Ryan, Patricia Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Baumbach, Joan Bennett, Nancy M. Zansky, Shelley Thomas, Ann Lindegren, Mary Lou Schaffner, William Finelli, Lyn CA Emerging Infections Program TI Complications and Associated Bacterial Coinfections Among Children Hospitalized With Seasonal or Pandemic Influenza, United States, 2003-2010 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; complications; bacterial infection; children; children; hospitalized ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; A H1N1 VIRUS; PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; CRITICALLY-ILL CHILDREN; NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; FEBRILE SEIZURES; INFECTION AB Background. Data on the range and severity of influenza-associated complications among children are limited. We describe the frequency and severity of complications in hospitalized children aged <18 years with seasonal influenza (during 2003-2009) and 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) (during 2009-2010). Methods. Population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations was conducted among 5.3 million children in 10 states. Complications were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes in medical records. Results. During 2003-2010, 7293 children hospitalized with influenza were identified, of whom 6769 (93%) had complete ICD-9 code data. Among the 6769 children, the median length of hospitalization was 3 days (interquartile range, 2-4 days), 975 (14%) required intensive care, 359 (5%) had respiratory failure, and 40 (1%) died. The most common complications were pneumonia (in 28% of children), asthma exacerbations (in 22% [793/3616] aged >= 2 years), and dehydration (in 21%). Lung abscess/empyema, tracheitis, encephalopathy, bacteremia/sepsis, acute renal failure, and myocarditis were rare (each < 2% of children) but associated with a median hospitalization duration of >= 6 days, and 48%-70% of children required intensive care. Bacterial cultures with positive results were identified in 2% of children (107/6769); Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were most commonly identified. Conclusions. Complications contribute substantially to the disease burden among children hospitalized with influenza, through intensive care requirements and prolonged hospitalization, highlighting the importance of primary prevention with influenza vaccination. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Chaves, Sandra S.; Perez, Alejandro; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Meek, James] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Baumbach, Joan] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97219 USA. [Lindegren, Mary Lou; Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 209 IS 5 BP 686 EP 694 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit473 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AB6BY UT WOS:000331873700009 PM 23986545 ER PT J AU Tsai, YP Zhou, FJ Wortley, P Shefer, A Stokley, S AF Tsai, Yuping Zhou, Fangjun Wortley, Pascale Shefer, Abigail Stokley, Shannon TI Trends and Characteristics of Preventive Care Visits among Commercially Insured Adolescents, 2003-2010 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; HEALTH-CARE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SERVICES; RECOMMENDATIONS; VACCINES; GUIDELINES; PHYSICIANS; DELIVERY; PATTERNS AB Objective To examine preventive care visit patterns among commercially insured adolescents during 2003-2010. In 2005-2007, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 3 vaccines targeted at adolescents. We also investigate the relationship between preventive care visits and immunization. Study design Data were drawn from the MarketScan database. Adolescents aged 11-21 continuously enrolled in the same insurance plan during the calendar year were included. We calculated the annual proportion of adolescents with at least 1 preventive and 1 vaccination-related visit. Longitudinal analyses were conducted by following the 1992 birth cohort for 8 consecutive years. Results The proportion of adolescents making at least 1 preventive visit increased from 24.6%-41.1% during 2003-2010. The rate of vaccination-related visits increased from 12.9%-26.3%. The magnitude of the increase in preventive and vaccination-related visits was greater during the years in which ACIP issued recommendations. The rates of preventive and vaccination-related visits were considerably higher among female and early adolescents and adolescents in managed care plans. Longitudinal analyses indicated that only 2.4% of adolescents had an annual preventive visit during the 8 years. Conclusions Yearly improvements in preventive care visits by adolescents were substantial. ACIP recommendations may be associated with this improvement. However, ongoing efforts are needed to improve the use and delivery of preventive care services. C1 [Tsai, Yuping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Zhou, Fangjun; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Shefer, Abigail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Global Immunizat Div, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Tsai, YP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ytsai@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 164 IS 3 BP 625 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.042 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AB1GI UT WOS:000331539100038 PM 24286572 ER PT J AU Looker, AC AF Looker, A. C. TI Relationship between femur neck bone mineral density and prevalent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or COPD mortality in older non-Hispanic white adults from NHANES III SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Bone density; COPD; Epidemiology; Femur neck; Mortality ID RESPIRATORY-FUNCTION; FRACTURE RISK; UNITED-STATES; ELDERLY WOMEN; LUNG-FUNCTION; OSTEOPOROSIS; HEALTH; MEN; POPULATION; INFLAMMATION AB The relationship between femur neck bone mineral density (FNBMD), prevalent COPD, and COPD mortality was examined in older non-Hispanic white adults from NHANES III. FNBMD was significantly related to prevalent COPD and COPD mortality before and after adjusting for shared risk factors. Bone mineral density (BMD) has been linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about its relationship with COPD mortality. The present study examined the relationship between FNBMD, prevalent COPD, and COPD mortality in older non-Hispanic white adults from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). COPD status at baseline was defined by self-reported physician's diagnosis and by airway obstruction based on spirometry measurements in 3,275 non-Hispanic whites aged 50 years and older. COPD mortality cases were identified using linked mortality records obtained through 2006. FNBMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multiple regression was used to examine the baseline relationship between COPD and FNBMD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazards ratio (HR) for COPD mortality by FNBMD. Twelve percent self-reported a physician's diagnosis of COPD, 23 % had mild or moderate airway obstruction, and 9 % had severe or very severe airway obstruction. There were 180 COPD mortality cases in the sample. FNBMD was significantly lower in those with self-reported COPD diagnosis or airway obstruction before and after adjusting for shared risk factors (p < 0.05). COPD mortality risk was significantly increased for each standard deviation decline in FNBMD before (by 68 %) and after (by 26-38 %) adjusting for shared risk factors. Low FNBMD was associated with both baseline COPD and future COPD mortality. Shared risk factors appeared to explain some, but not all, of these relationships. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Room 4310,3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ALooker@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 1043 EP 1052 DI 10.1007/s00198-013-2601-5 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AB1NN UT WOS:000331559200026 PM 24435272 ER PT J AU Friedman, AL Brookmeyer, KA Kachur, RE Ford, J Hogben, M Habel, MA Kantor, LM Clark, E Sabatini, J McFarlane, M AF Friedman, Allison L. Brookmeyer, Kathryn A. Kachur, Rachel E. Ford, Jessie Hogben, Matthew Habel, Melissa A. Kantor, Leslie M. Clark, Elizabeth Sabatini, Jamie McFarlane, Mary TI An Assessment of the GYT: Get Yourself Tested Campaign: An Integrated Approach to Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Communication SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS; WOMEN; PREVALENCE AB Background Youth in the United States bear a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Stigma, misconceptions, and access challenges keep many from getting tested or treated. The GYT: Get Yourself Tested campaign was launched in 2009 to reduce stigma and promote STD communication and testing. This evaluation sought to assess the first 2 years of campaign engagement and associations with STD testing among youth. Methods Campaign engagement with select GYT on-the-ground events, social media sites, and STD testing locator tools was measured through process/media tracking metrics. Sexually transmitted disease testing patterns were assessed using data from Planned Parenthood affiliates (2008-2010) and national trend data from clinics participating in national infertility prevention activities (2003-2010). Results On-the-ground events reached an estimated 20,000 youth in 2009 and 52,000 youth in 2010. Across 2009 to 2010, GYT's Facebook page gained 4477 fans, Twitter feed gained 1994 followers, and more than 140,000 referrals were made to the STD testing locator. From April 2008 to 2010, there was a 71% increase in STD testing and a 41% increase in chlamydia testing at reporting Planned Parenthood affiliates (representing similar to 118 health centers). Chlamydia case positivity rates during this period were stable at 6.6% (2008) and 7.3% (2010). Trend data indicate that testing was higher in spring 2009 and 2010 compared with other periods during those years; this pattern is commensurate with STD Awareness Month/GYT activities. Conclusions Data quality is limited in a manner similar to many STD prevention efforts. Within these limitations, evidence suggests that GYT reaches youth and is associated with increased STD testing. C1 [Friedman, Allison L.; Brookmeyer, Kathryn A.; Kachur, Rachel E.; Ford, Jessie; Hogben, Matthew; Habel, Melissa A.; McFarlane, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kantor, Leslie M.; Clark, Elizabeth] Federat Amer, Div Commun, New York, NY USA. [Sabatini, Jamie] Federat Amer, Div Planned Parenthood, New York, NY USA. RP Friedman, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afriedman@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 41 IS 3 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000100 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB2DY UT WOS:000331604400001 PM 24521718 ER PT J AU Yusuf, HR Reyes, N Zhang, QC Okoroh, EM Siddiqi, AEA Tsai, J AF Yusuf, Hussain R. Reyes, Nimia Zhang, Qing C. Okoroh, Ekwutosi M. Siddiqi, Azfar-E-Alam Tsai, James TI Hospitalizations of Adults >= 60 Years of Age With Venous Thromboembolism SO CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE clinical epidemiology; deep venous thrombosis; pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolism ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; VALIDATION; DISEASE; MODEL AB We assessed the rates, trends, and factors associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis among hospitalizations of adults 60 years of age during the period 2001 to 2010. Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey were used for this study. During the period 2001 to 2010, the estimated annual number of hospitalizations in which a VTE diagnosis was recorded, among adults 60 years of age, ranged from approximately 2 70 000 in 2001 to 4 23 000 in 2010. The rate of such hospitalizations per 1 00 000 US population 60 years of age ranged from 581 in 2001 to 739 in 2010. During the period 2001 to 2004, there was a significant increasing trend in the rate of hospitalizations with VTE among women 60 years of age. The factors positively associated with an increased risk of VTE diagnosis were female sex, summer and autumn seasons (compared with spring), venous catheterization, cancer, and greater length of hospital stay. C1 [Yusuf, Hussain R.; Reyes, Nimia; Zhang, Qing C.; Okoroh, Ekwutosi M.; Siddiqi, Azfar-E-Alam; Tsai, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yusuf, HR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hyusuf@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1076-0296 EI 1938-2723 J9 CLIN APPL THROMB-HEM JI Clin. Appl. Thromb.-Hemost. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.1177/1076029613493659 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AA6KD UT WOS:000331206300004 PM 23814170 ER PT J AU Chang, CQ Yesupriya, A Rowell, JL Pimentel, CB Clyne, M Gwinn, M Khoury, MJ Wulf, A Schully, SD AF Chang, Christine Q. Yesupriya, Ajay Rowell, Jessica L. Pimentel, Camilla B. Clyne, Melinda Gwinn, Marta Khoury, Muin J. Wulf, Anja Schully, Sheri D. TI A systematic review of cancer GWAS and candidate gene meta-analyses reveals limited overlap but similar effect sizes SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Review DE GWAS; candidate gene studies; meta-analysis; cancer ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POLYMORPHISMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; LOCI; OPPORTUNITIES; COVERAGE; DATABASE AB Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) represent two complementary approaches to uncovering genetic contributions to common diseases. We systematically reviewed the contributions of these approaches to our knowledge of genetic associations with cancer risk by analyzing the data in the Cancer Genome-wide Association and Meta Analyses database (Cancer GAMAdb). The database catalogs studies published since January 1, 2000, by study and cancer type. In all, we found that meta-analyses and pooled analyses of candidate genes reported 349 statistically significant associations and GWAS reported 269, for a total of 577 unique associations. Only 41 (7.1%) associations were reported in both candidate gene meta-analyses and GWAS, usually with similar effect sizes. When considering only noteworthy associations (defined as those with false-positive report probabilities <= 0.2) and accounting for indirect overlap, we found 202 associations, with 27 of those appearing in both meta-analyses and GWAS. Our findings suggest that meta-analyses of well-conducted candidate gene studies may continue to add to our understanding of the genetic associations in the post-GWAS era. C1 [Chang, Christine Q.; Khoury, Muin J.; Schully, Sheri D.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Yesupriya, Ajay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowell, Jessica L.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pimentel, Camilla B.; Clyne, Melinda] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Clin & Populat Hlth Res Program, Worcester, MA USA. [Gwinn, Marta] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Wulf, Anja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schully, SD (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 9609 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM schullys@mail.nih.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1018-4813 EI 1476-5438 J9 EUR J HUM GENET JI Eur. J. Hum. Genet. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 3 BP 402 EP 408 DI 10.1038/ejhg.2013.161 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AA9DJ UT WOS:000331393700022 PM 23881057 ER PT J AU Hutchins, AS Astwood, MJ Saah, JR Michel, PA Newton, BR Dauphin, LA AF Hutchins, Anne S. Astwood, Michael J. Saah, J. Royden Michel, Pierre A. Newton, Bruce R. Dauphin, Leslie A. TI Evaluation of automated and manual DNA purification methods for detecting Ricinus communis DNA during ricin investigations SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Ricin; Ricinus communis; Castor beans; DNA extraction; Bioterrorism ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS DNA; REAL-TIME PCR; EXTRACTION KITS; RECOVERY; SAMPLES; CONTAMINATION; SUSPENSIONS AB In April of 2013, letters addressed to the President of United States and other government officials were intercepted and found to be contaminated with ricin, heightening awareness about the need to evaluate laboratory methods for detecting ricin. This study evaluated commercial DNA purification methods for isolating Ricinus communis DNA as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Four commercially available DNA purification methods (two automated, MagNA Pure compact and MagNA Pure LC, and two manual, MasterPure complete DNA and RNA purification kit and QIAamp DNA blood mini kit) were evaluated. We compared their ability to purify detectable levels of R. communis DNA from four different sample types, including crude preparations of ricin that could be used for biological crimes or acts of bioterrorism. Castor beans, spiked swabs, and spiked powders were included to simulate sample types typically tested during criminal and public health investigations. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that the QIAamp kit resulted in the greatest sensitivity for ricin preparations; the MasterPure kit performed best with spiked powders. The four methods detected equivalent levels by real-time PCR when castor beans and spiked swabs were used. All four methods yielded DNA free of PCR inhibitors as determined by the use of a PCR inhibition control assay. This study demonstrated that DNA purification methods differ in their ability to purify R. communis DNA; therefore, the purification method used for a given sample type can influence the sensitivity of real-time PCR assays for R. communis. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Hutchins, Anne S.; Saah, J. Royden] North Carolina State Lab Publ Hlth, Bioterrorism & Emerging Pathogens Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Michel, Pierre A.; Dauphin, Leslie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bioterrorism Rapid Response & Adv Technol BRRAT L, Lab Preparedness & Response Branch, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect,Natl Ctr Emerg, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Astwood, Michael J.; Newton, Bruce R.] CDC, NCEZID, DPEI, LPRB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dauphin, LA (reprint author), CDC, NCEZID, Mail Stop C-12,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Ldauphin@CDC.GOV NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 EI 1872-6283 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 236 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.12.011 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA AA6HD UT WOS:000331198500007 PM 24529769 ER PT J AU Berrios-Torres, SI Yi, SH Bratzler, DW Ma, A Mu, Y Zhu, LP Jernigan, JA AF Berrios-Torres, Sandra I. Yi, Sarah H. Bratzler, Dale W. Ma, Allen Mu, Yi Zhu, Liping Jernigan, John A. TI Activity of Commonly Used Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Regimens against Pathogens Causing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft and Arthroplasty Surgical Site Infections in the United States, 2006-2009 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; CARDIAC-SURGERY; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION PROJECT; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; RISK-FACTORS; VANCOMYCIN; MEDIASTINITIS; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES AB (See the commentary by Anderson and Sexton, on pages 240--242.)Background.Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and primary arthroplasty surgical site infection (SSI) rates are declining slower than other healthcare-associated infection rates. We examined antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) regimens used for these operations and compared their spectrum of activity against reported SSI pathogens.Methods.Pathogen distributions of CABG and hip/knee arthroplasty complex SSIs (deep and organ/space) reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) from 2006 through 2009 and AMP regimens (same procedures and time period) reported to the Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) were analyzed. Regimens were categorized as standard (cefazolin or cefuroxime), -lactam allergy (vancomycin or clindamycin with or without an aminoglycoside), and extended spectrum (vancomycin and/or an aminoglycoside with cefazolin or cefuroxime). AMP activity of each regimen was predicted on the basis of pathogen susceptibility reports and published spectra of antimicrobial activity.Results.There were 6,263 CABG and arthroplasty complex SSIs reported (680,489 procedures; 880 NHSN hospitals). Among 6,574 pathogens reported, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (23%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (18%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (17%), and Enterococcus species (7%) were most common. AMP regimens for 2,435,703 CABG and arthroplasty procedures from 3,330 SCIP hospitals were analyzed. The proportion of pathogens predictably susceptible to standard (used in 75% of procedures), -lactam (12%), and extended-spectrum (8%) regimens was 41%--45%, 47%--96%, and 81%--96%, respectively.Conclusion.Standard AMP, used in three-quarters of CABG and primary arthroplasty procedures, has inadequate activity against more than half of SSI pathogens reported. Alternative strategies may be needed to prevent SSIs caused by pathogens resistant to standard AMP regimens. C1 [Berrios-Torres, Sandra I.; Yi, Sarah H.; Mu, Yi; Zhu, Liping; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bratzler, Dale W.] Univ Oklahoma Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Ma, Allen] Oklahoma Fdn Med Qual, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Berrios-Torres, SI (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zbn6@cdc.gov FU Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services [4-1411-OK-0312]; Oklahoma Foundation for Medical Quality; Telligen; Premier; VHA, Inc.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000899-01] FX Financial support. This work was supported in part by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (4-1411-OK-0312 to D. W. B. and A.M.).; Potential conflicts of interest. D. W. B. reports that funds were paid to his institution by the Oklahoma Foundation for Medical Quality and by Telligen (consultant), Premier (healthcare quality lecture at a national meeting), and VHA, Inc. (video presentation on the Partnership for Patients). His institution received a venous thromboembolism surveillance grant (1U50DD000899-01) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. All authors submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest, and the conflicts that the editors consider relevant to this article are disclosed here. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 3 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.1086/675289 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA6MH UT WOS:000331211900004 PM 24521586 ER PT J AU See, I Nguyen, DB Chatterjee, S Shwe, T Scott, M Ibrahim, S Moulton-Meissner, H McNulty, S Noble-Wang, J Price, C Schramm, K Bixler, D Guh, AY AF See, Isaac Nguyen, Duc B. Chatterjee, Somu Shwe, Thein Scott, Melissa Ibrahim, Sherif Moulton-Meissner, Heather McNulty, Steven Noble-Wang, Judith Price, Cindy Schramm, Kim Bixler, Danae Guh, Alice Y. TI Outbreak of Tsukamurella Species Bloodstream Infection among Patients at an Oncology Clinic, West Virginia, 2011-2012 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATHETER-RELATED BACTEREMIA; CANCER; PAUROMETABOLUM; PCR AB Objective.To determine the source and identify control measures of an outbreak of Tsukamurella species bloodstream infections at an outpatient oncology facility.Design.Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak with a case-control study.Methods.A case was an infection in which Tsukamurella species was isolated from a blood or catheter tip culture during the period January 2011 through June 2012 from a patient of the oncology clinic. Laboratory records of area hospitals and patient charts were reviewed. A case-control study was conducted among clinic patients to identify risk factors for Tsukamurella species bloodstream infection. Clinic staff were interviewed, and infection control practices were assessed.Results.Fifteen cases of Tsukamurella (Tsukamurella pulmonis or Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens) bloodstream infection were identified, all in patients with underlying malignancy and indwelling central lines. The median age of case patients was 68 years; 47% were male. The only significant risk factor for infection was receipt of saline flush from the clinic during the period September--October 2011 (P = .03), when the clinic had been preparing saline flush from a common-source bag of saline. Other infection control deficiencies that were identified at the clinic included suboptimal procedures for central line access and preparation of chemotherapy.Conclusion.Although multiple infection control lapses were identified, the outbreak was likely caused by improper preparation of saline flush syringes by the clinic. The outbreak demonstrates that bloodstream infections among oncology patients can result from improper infection control practices and highlights the critical need for increased attention to and oversight of infection control in outpatient oncology settings. C1 [See, Isaac; Nguyen, Duc B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [See, Isaac; Nguyen, Duc B.; Moulton-Meissner, Heather; Noble-Wang, Judith; Guh, Alice Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chatterjee, Somu; Shwe, Thein; Scott, Melissa; Ibrahim, Sherif; Bixler, Danae] West Virginia Bur Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, Charleston, WV USA. [McNulty, Steven] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Tyler, TX USA. [Price, Cindy] Ohio Valley Med Ctr, Dept Infect Control, Wheeling, WV USA. [Schramm, Kim] Ohio Valley Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Wheeling, WV USA. RP See, I (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A 24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isee@cdc.gov FU clinic A FX C.P. reports receiving consulting fees from clinic A. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. All authors submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest, and the conflicts that the editors consider relevant to this article are disclosed here. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 3 BP 300 EP 306 DI 10.1086/675282 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA6MH UT WOS:000331211900015 PM 24521597 ER PT J AU Kuhar, DT Struble, KA Henderson, DK AF Kuhar, David T. Struble, Kimberly A. Henderson, David K. TI Selecting an Antiretroviral Regimen for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Postexposure Prophylaxis in the Occupational Setting Reply SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID EMTRICITABINE; TOLERABILITY; RALTEGRAVIR; ADHERENCE; TENOFOVIR; SAFETY C1 [Kuhar, David T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Struble, Kimberly A.] US FDA, Div Antiviral Prod, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Henderson, David K.] NIH, Off Deputy Director Clin Care, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Kuhar, DT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jto7@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 3 BP 328 EP 329 DI 10.1086/675350 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA6MH UT WOS:000331211900023 PM 24521605 ER PT J AU Onufrak, SJ Park, S Sharkey, JR Merlo, C Dean, WR Sherry, B AF Onufrak, Stephen J. Park, Sohyun Sharkey, Joseph R. Merlo, Caitlin Dean, Wesley R. Sherry, Bettylou TI Perceptions of Tap Water and School Water Fountains and Association With Intake of Plain Water and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE sugar-sweetened beverages; nutrient and diet; public health; policy ID UNITED-STATES; DRINKING-WATER; BOTTLED WATER; MINORITY CHILDREN; SOFT DRINKS; US CHILDREN; RISK; CONSUMPTION; ADOLESCENTS; DIETARY AB BACKGROUNDLittle is known regarding youth perceptions of tap water and school water fountains and how these relate to water and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake. METHODSWe used national 2010 YouthStyles data to assess perceptions of tap water and school water fountains and associations with water and SSB intake. RESULTSNearly 1 in 5 participants disagreed their tap water was safe and nearly 2 in 5 disagreed school water fountains were clean and safe. Perceived tap water risk was more prevalent among non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks (26.4%) and Hispanics (28.3%) compared with NH Whites (14.7%, p<.001) and more prevalent among lower-income youth. Negative water fountain perceptions were more common among high school-aged youth. Perceived tap water risk was not associated with SSB intake (odds ratio [OR]=1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6, 1.5) or water intake (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 0.9, 2.1). Negative water fountain perceptions were associated with SSB intake only among Hispanics (race/ethnicity interaction p<.001; OR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.3, 6.6) but were not associated with water intake. CONCLUSIONNegative perceptions of tap water and water fountains among youth are common and should be considered in efforts to provide water in schools. C1 [Onufrak, Stephen J.; Park, Sohyun; Sherry, Bettylou] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sharkey, Joseph R.] Texas A&M Sch Rural Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot & Community Hlth Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Merlo, Caitlin] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dean, Wesley R.] Texas A&M Sch Rural Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot & Community Hlth Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Onufrak, SJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM seo5@cdc.gov; geo7@cdc.gov; jrsharkey@srph.tamhsc.edu; ihb7@cdc.gov; wdean@srph.tamhsc.edu; bls6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD MAR PY 2014 VL 84 IS 3 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1111/josh.12138 PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA4IG UT WOS:000331058700006 PM 24443781 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, DR Ching, K Iber, J Chen, Q Yang, SJ De, LN Williams, AJ Mandelbaum, M Sun, H Oberste, MS Kew, OM AF Kilpatrick, David R. Ching, Karen Iber, Jane Chen, Qi Yang, Su-Ju De, Lina Williams, A. J. Mandelbaum, Mark Sun, Hong Oberste, M. Steven Kew, Olen M. TI Identification of vaccine-derived polioviruses using dual-stage real-time RT-PCR SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Poliovirus; Real-time RT-PCR; Vaccine-derived poliovirus; VDPV ID GLOBAL POLIO ERADICATION; DEOXYINOSINE RESIDUES; IMMUNODEFICIENT PATIENT; CODON DEGENERACY; MIXED-BASE; OUTBREAK; POLIOMYELITIS; CIRCULATION; INFECTION; SEROTYPE AB Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) are associated with polio outbreaks and prolonged infections in individuals with primary immunodeficiencies. VDPV-specific PCR assays for each of the three Sabin oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) strains were developed, targeting sequences within the VP1 capsid region that are selected for during replication of OPV in the human intestine. Over 2400 Sabin-related isolates and identified 755 VDPVs were screened. Sensitivity of all assays was 100%, while specificity was 100% for serotypes 1 and 3, and 76% for serotype 2. The assays permit rapid, sensitive identification of OPV-related viruses and flag programmatically important isolates for further characterization by genomic sequencing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kilpatrick, David R.; Ching, Karen; Iber, Jane; Chen, Qi; Yang, Su-Ju; De, Lina; Williams, A. J.; Mandelbaum, Mark; Sun, Hong; Oberste, M. Steven; Kew, Olen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kilpatrick, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkilpatrick@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 197 BP 25 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.11.017 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AB0LT UT WOS:000331484400005 PM 24321704 ER PT J AU Xia, BY Xia, Y Wong, J Nicodemus, KJ Xu, M Lee, J Guillot, T Li, J AF Xia, Baoyun Xia, Yang Wong, Joshua Nicodemus, Keegan J. Xu, Meng Lee, John Guillot, Tonya Li, James TI Quantitative analysis of five tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in urine by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry SO BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE tobacco-specific nitrosamines; liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; smoker urine; molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) ID LUNG CARCINOGEN 4-(METHYLNITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; SMOKE CARCINOGENS; CANCER; METABOLITES; BIOMARKERS; EXPOSURE; N'-NITROSONORNICOTINE; BIOCHEMISTRY; EXTRACTION; USERS AB A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of five total tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA), including free and conjugated forms in urine. The limits of detection for 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, N-nitrosonornicotine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, N-nitrosoanatabine and N-nitrosoanabasine were 0.6, 0.6, 10.0, 0.4 and 0.4 pg/mL, respectively, with a linear calibration range of up to 20,000 pg/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision for TSNA measurements ranged from 0.82 to 3.67% and from 2.04 to 7.73% respectively. For total TSNAs, the -glucuronidase amount was optimized for hydrolysis time and yield. Different liquid chromatography columns and mobile phases with different pH conditions were evaluated. The validated method was then applied to 50 smoker and 30 nonsmoker urine samples. Our results suggest that this sensitive and relatively simple analytical method is suitable for application to epidemiological investigations of health risks associated with the exposure to tobacco smoke or secondhand smoke in both smokers and nonsmokers. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Xia, Baoyun; Xia, Yang; Wong, Joshua; Nicodemus, Keegan J.; Xu, Meng; Lee, John; Guillot, Tonya; Li, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Xia, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yxia@cdc.gov FU Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration FX The authors would like to thank the Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration for providing funds for this project. The authors would also like to acknowledge John T. Bernert, who provided guidance in the analytical method development and the manuscript editorial assistance. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-3879 EI 1099-0801 J9 BIOMED CHROMATOGR JI Biomed. Chromatogr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1002/bmc.3031 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AA1EO UT WOS:000330839500011 PM 24127240 ER PT J AU Carreon, T Hein, MJ Hanley, KW Viet, SM Ruder, AM AF Carreon, Tania Hein, Misty J. Hanley, Kevin W. Viet, Susan M. Ruder, Avima M. TI Bladder cancer incidence among workers exposed to o-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene at a rubber chemical manufacturing plant SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC-AMINES; FOLLOW-UP; MORTALITY; ISSUES; UPDATE; EXCESS AB Background An earlier investigation found increased bladder cancer incidence among workers at a rubber chemical manufacturing plant that used o-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene. The cohort was expanded to include additional workers (n=1875) and updated through 2007 to assess bladder cancer with improved exposure characterisation. Methods Work histories were updated and exposure categories and ranks were developed for o-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene combined. Incident cancers were identified by linkage to six state cancer registries. Residency in time-dependent cancer registry catchment areas was determined. SIR and standardised rate ratios for bladder cancer were calculated by exposure category and cumulative rank quartiles for different lag periods. Cox regression was used to model bladder cancer incidence with estimated cumulative rank, adjusting for confounders. Indirect methods were used to control for smoking. Results Excess bladder cancer was observed compared to the New York State population (SIR=2.87, 95% CI 2.02 to 3.96), with higher elevations among workers definitely exposed (moderate/high) (SIR=3.90, 95% CI 2.57 to 5.68), and in the highest cumulative rank quartile (SIR=6.13, 95% CI 2.80 to 11.6, 10-year lag). Bladder cancer rates increased significantly with estimated cumulative rank (10-year lag). Smoking only accounted for an estimated 8% elevation in bladder cancer incidence. Conclusions Bladder cancer incidence remains elevated in this cohort and significantly associated with estimated cumulative exposure. Results are consistent with earlier findings in this and other cohorts. Despite other concurrent chemical exposures, we consider o-toluidine most likely responsible for the bladder cancer incidence elevation and recommend a re-examination of occupational exposure limits. C1 [Carreon, Tania; Hein, Misty J.; Hanley, Kevin W.; Ruder, Avima M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Viet, Susan M.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. RP Carreon, T (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM tjc5@cdc.gov FU CDC/NIOSH operating funds FX This study was funded by CDC/NIOSH operating funds. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 IS 3 BP 175 EP 182 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101873 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA1IL UT WOS:000330849700005 PM 24368697 ER PT J AU Luque-Fernandez, MA Gelaye, B VanderWeele, T Ferre, C Siega-Riz, AM Holzman, C Enquobahrie, DA Dole, N Williams, MA AF Luque-Fernandez, Miguel Angel Gelaye, Bizu VanderWeele, Tyler Ferre, Cynthia Siega-Riz, Anna Maria Holzman, Claudia Enquobahrie, Daniel A. Dole, Nancy Williams, Michelle A. TI Seasonal Variation of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D among non-Hispanic Black and White Pregnant Women from Three US Pregnancy Cohorts SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 25-hydroxyvitamin D; vitamin D; pregnant women; season; epidemiology ID VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PRETERM DELIVERY; D METABOLITES; HUMAN SERUM; OUTCOMES; SKIN; SUNLIGHT; HEALTH; DETERMINANTS AB BackgroundVitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. We evaluated seasonal variation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] among pregnant women, focusing on patterns and determinants of variation. MethodsData came from three cohort studies in the US that included 2583 non-Hispanic Black and White women having prenatal 25(OH)D concentrations determined. Fourier time series and generalised linear models were used to estimate the magnitude of 25(OH)D seasonality. We modelled seasonal variability using a stationary cosinor model to estimate the phase shift, peak-trough difference, and annual mean of 25(OH)D. ResultsWe observed a peak for 25(OH)D in summer, a nadir in winter, and a phase of 8 months, which resulted from fluctuations in 25(OH)D3 rather than 25(OH)D2. After adjustment for covariates, the annual mean concentrations and estimated peak-trough difference of 25(OH)D among Black women were 19.8ng/mL [95% confidence interval (CI) 18.9, 20.5] and 5.8ng/mL [95% CI 4.7, 6.7], and for non-Hispanic White women were 33.0ng/mL [95% CI 32.6, 33.4] and 7.4ng/mL [95% CI 6.0, 8.9]. ConclusionsNon-Hispanic Black women had lower average 25(OH)D concentrations throughout the year and smaller seasonal variation levels than non-Hispanic White women. This study's confirmation of 25(OH)D seasonality over a calendar year has the potential to enhance public health interventions targeted to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. C1 [Luque-Fernandez, Miguel Angel; Gelaye, Bizu; VanderWeele, Tyler; Williams, Michelle A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [VanderWeele, Tyler] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ferre, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Siega-Riz, Anna Maria; Dole, Nancy] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Holzman, Claudia] Michigan State Univ, Coll Human Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Enquobahrie, Daniel A.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Luque-Fernandez, MA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mluquefe@hsph.harvard.edu RI LUQUE FERNANDEZ, MIGUEL ANGEL/L-4053-2015; OI LUQUE FERNANDEZ, MIGUEL ANGEL/0000-0001-6683-5164; Gelaye, Bizu/0000-0001-7934-548X FU CDC [200-2008-27956-12]; OMEGA [NICHD R01-HD-32562]; PIN [NIH]; POUCH [NIH R01 HD-034543, R01 HD-34543]; March of Dimes Foundation [20-FY98-0697, 20-FY04-37]; Thrasher Research Foundation [02816-7, CDC U01 DP000143-01] FX The research reported in this article was supported by several awards: CDC 200-2008-27956-12; OMEGA: NICHD R01-HD-32562; PIN: NIH http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/pin/funding; POUCH: NIH R01 HD-034543, R01 HD-34543, March of Dimes Foundation 20-FY98-0697 through 20-FY04-37, and Thrasher Research Foundation grant 02816-7, CDC U01 DP000143-01. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 2 BP 166 EP 176 DI 10.1111/ppe.12103 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AA7JN UT WOS:000331273800011 PM 24354847 ER PT J AU Bair-Brake, H Bell, T Higgins, A Bailey, N Duda, M Shapiro, S Eves, HE Marano, N Galland, G AF Bair-Brake, H. Bell, T. Higgins, A. Bailey, N. Duda, M. Shapiro, S. Eves, H. E. Marano, N. Galland, G. TI Is That a Rodent in Your Luggage? A Mixed Method Approach to Describe Bushmeat Importation into the United States SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Bushmeat; African wildlife; Zoonoses; focus group; importation; confiscation ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; WILDLIFE AB Bushmeat, defined as meat derived from wild animals, is a potential source of zoonotic pathogens. Bushmeat from restricted animals is illegal to import into the United States under US federal regulations. We reviewed US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) port of entry surveillance records from September 2005 through December 2010 and conducted focus group studies to describe trends in and reasons for bushmeat importation into the United States. In total, 543 confiscated bushmeat items were recorded. Half of the confiscated bushmeat items identified were rodents. Africa was the most frequent continent of origin. Seasonality was evident, with bushmeat confiscations peaking in late spring to early summer. Four times more bushmeat was confiscated during an enhanced surveillance period in June 2010 compared with the same period in previous years, suggesting that routine surveillance underestimated the amount of bushmeat detected at US Ports of Entry. Focus groups held in three major US cities revealed that bushmeat importation is a multifaceted issue. Longstanding cultural practices of hunting and eating bushmeat make it difficult for consumers to acknowledge potential health and ecologic risks. Also, US merchants selling African goods, including bushmeat, in their stores have caused confusion among importers as to whether importation is truly illegal. Enhancing routine surveillance for bushmeat and consistent enforcement of penalties at all ports of entry, along with health education aimed at bushmeat importers, might be useful to deter illegal importation. C1 [Bair-Brake, H.; Bell, T.; Higgins, A.; Shapiro, S.; Marano, N.; Galland, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bell, T.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bailey, N.] Africa Biodivers Collaborat Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Duda, M.] Respons Management, Harrisonburg, VA USA. [Eves, H. E.] Virginia Tech, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Arlington, VA USA. RP Bair-Brake, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hhb9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U38HM000414]; CDC; Bushmeat Crisis Task Force (BCTF); Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS); TRAFFIC FX The investigation of confiscated bushmeat was supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement number 5U38HM000414. Additional funding was provided by CDC, the Bushmeat Crisis Task Force (BCTF), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and TRAFFIC to Responsive Management for conducting the focus groups. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 2 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1111/zph.12050 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AA6BX UT WOS:000331184900002 PM 23678947 ER PT J AU Payne, AB Miller, CH Hooper, WC Lally, C Austin, HD AF Payne, Amanda B. Miller, Connie H. Hooper, W. Craig Lally, Cathy Austin, Harland D. TI HIGH FACTOR VIII, VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR, AND FIBRINOGEN LEVELS AND RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN BLACKS AND WHITES SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Venous Thromboembolism; Fibrinogen; Factor VIII; Von Willebrand Factor ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; POLYMORPHISMS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; PERSISTENT; GENES AB Venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects more than 300,000 people in the United States each year. However, it has been estimated that current diagnostic testing fails to identify prothrombotic risk in 50% of VTE patients. This article examines the relationship between levels of the pro-coagulant proteins factor VIII (FVIII), von Willebrand factor (VWF), and fibrinogen and risk of VTE in order to assess the impact of these novel risk factors. Data were collected from patients enrolled in the matched case-control Genetic Attributes and Thrombosis Epidemiology study. Crude and adjusted conditional logistic regressionmodels were used to assess the impact of FVIII, VWF, and fibrinogen on risk of VTE. Before adjustment for independent predictors of VTE risk, high levels of FVIII, VWF, and fibrinogen were significantly associated with increased risk of VTE in both Blacks and Whites. After adjustment for ABO type, factor VII levels, hypertension, renal disease, recent surgery, diabetes, annual household income, alcohol use, and the other proteins of interest (FVIII, VWF, and/or fibrinogen), high FVIII and VWF levels were associated with increased risk of VTE in Blacks (OR: 1.97 [1.01-3.84] and 3.39 [1.58-7.27], respectively). High FVIII only was significantly associated with risk of VTE in Whites (OR: 2.35 [1.16-4.75]). Future research into the inclusion of these protein levels in risk models for VTE could help identify persons at highest risk. C1 [Payne, Amanda B.; Miller, Connie H.; Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lally, Cathy; Austin, Harland D.] Emory Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Payne, AB (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bvx2@cdc.gov OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU CDC through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism FX This work was supported by a grant from the CDC through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X EI 1945-0826 J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD SPR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 2 BP 169 EP 174 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CU7KS UT WOS:000363717200006 PM 24804362 ER PT J AU Beckett, GA Block, JM Cohen, C McMahon, BJ AF Beckett, Geoff A. Block, Joan M. Cohen, Chari McMahon, Brian J. TI The role of primary care physician assistants in managing chronic hepatitis B SO JAAPA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; chronic HBV infection; antiviral; immunization; cirrhosis ID VIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES AB This article informs physician assistants of an algorithm designed for primary care practice to guide the screening of patients for hepatitis B virus infection. The algorithm also provides guidance on evaluation, follow-up, and referral of patients who screen positive. The algorithm is a synthesis of several published, evidence-based practice guidelines and reports. C1 [Beckett, Geoff A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Block, Joan M.] Hepatitis B Fdn, Doylestown, PA USA. [Cohen, Chari] Hepatitis B Fdn, Publ Hlth, Doylestown, PA USA. [McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Sci Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Beckett, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1547-1896 EI 0893-7400 J9 JAAPA-J AM ACAD PHYS JI JAAPA-J. Am. Acad. Physician Assist. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 3 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1097/01.JAA.0000443972.61728.33 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CM3GE UT WOS:000357569200015 PM 24566346 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Hotea, I Olariu, TR Jones, JL Darabus, G AF Dubey, J. P. Hotea, I. Olariu, T. R. Jones, J. L. Darabus, G. TI Epidemiological review of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Romania SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE congenital; humans; clinical; Toxoplasma gondii; Romania; toxoplasmosis; animals ID RISK-FACTORS; GONDII; INFECTION; SEROPREVALENCE; PREVALENCE; CATS AB Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in humans and other animals worldwide. However, information from eastern European countries is sketchy. In many eastern European countries, including Romania, it has been assumed that chronic T. gondii infection is a common cause of infertility and abortion. For this reason, many women in Romania with these problems were needlessly tested for T. gondii infection. Most papers on toxoplasmosis in Romania were published in Romanian in local journals and often not available to scientists in other countries. Currently, the rate of congenital infection in Romania is largely unknown. In addition, there is little information on genetic characteristics of T. gondii or prevalence in animals and humans in Romania. In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum and epidemiology of T. gondii in humans and animals in Romania. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians and physicians. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hotea, I.; Darabus, G.] Banats Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med, Fac Vet Med, Dept Parasitol, Timisoara 300645, Timis, Romania. [Olariu, T. R.] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Parasitol, Timisoara 300041, Timis, Romania. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, APDL, BARC East, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov; hotea_ionela@yahoo.com RI Hotea, Ionela Luminta/C-5100-2012 OI Hotea, Ionela Luminta/0000-0003-4812-470X NR 117 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 141 IS 3 BP 311 EP 325 DI 10.1017/S0031182013001509 PG 15 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AC2WV UT WOS:000332377900001 PM 24553077 ER PT J AU Briere, EC Rubin, L Moro, PL Cohn, A Clark, T Messonnier, N AF Briere, Elizabeth C. Rubin, Lorry Moro, Pedro L. Cohn, Amanda Clark, Thomas Messonnier, Nancy TI Prevention and Control of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TOXOID CONJUGATE VACCINE; 5-COMPONENT ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS; MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUPS C; MEMBRANE PROTEIN COMPLEX; UNITED-STATES; COMBINED DIPHTHERIA; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; VARICELLA VACCINE; INVASIVE DISEASE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB This report compiles and summarizes all recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding prevention and control of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease in the United States. As a comprehensive summary of previously published recommendations, this report does not contain any new recommendations; it is intended for use by clinicians, public health officials, vaccination providers, and immunization program personnel as a resource. ACIP recommends routine vaccination with a licensed conjugate Hib vaccine for infants aged 2 through 6 months (2 or 3 doses, depending on vaccine product) with a booster dose at age 12 through 15 months. ACIP also recommends vaccination for certain persons at increased risk for Hib disease (i.e., persons who have early component complement deficiencies, immunoglobulin deficiency, anatomic or functional asplenia, or HIV infection; recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant; and recipients of chemotherapy or radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms). This report summarizes current information on Hib epidemiology in the United States and describes Hib vaccines licensed for use in the United States. Guidelines for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis of contacts of persons with Hib disease also are provided. C1 [Briere, Elizabeth C.; Cohn, Amanda; Clark, Thomas; Messonnier, Nancy] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rubin, Lorry] Steven & Alexandra Cohen Childrens Med Ctr New Yo, New Hyde Pk, NY USA. [Moro, Pedro L.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Briere, EC (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebriere@cdc.gov NR 99 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AC3GL UT WOS:000332404300001 PM 24572654 ER PT J AU Gicquelais, RE Morris, JF Matthews, HS Gladden, L Safi, H Grayson, C Slayton, RB Newton, AE Bordonaro, R Wheeler, JG Smith, N Bosch, SA Haselow, DT AF Gicquelais, Rachel E. Morris, Jamae F. Matthews, H. Stewart Gladden, Linda Safi, Haytham Grayson, Carla Slayton, Rachel B. Newton, Anna E. Bordonaro, Rebecca Wheeler, J. Gary Smith, Nathaniel Bosch, Stacey A. Haselow, Dirk T. TI Multiple-Serotype Salmonella Outbreaks in Two State Prisons - Arkansas, August 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Gicquelais, Rachel E.; Matthews, H. Stewart; Gladden, Linda; Safi, Haytham; Grayson, Carla; Wheeler, J. Gary; Smith, Nathaniel; Haselow, Dirk T.] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Morris, Jamae F.; Slayton, Rachel B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna E.; Bordonaro, Rebecca; Bosch, Stacey A.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gicquelais, RE (reprint author), Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM rachel.gicquelais@arkansas.gov OI Slayton, Rachel/0000-0003-4699-8040 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 8 BP 169 EP 173 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB8GK UT WOS:000332028000002 PM 24572612 ER PT J AU Lopez, AS Cardemil, C Pabst, LJ Cullen, KA Leung, J Bialek, SR AF Lopez, Adriana S. Cardemil, Cristina Pabst, Laura J. Cullen, Karen A. Leung, Jessica Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Two-Dose Varicella Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 7 years - Six Sentinel Sites, United States, 2006-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROGRAM C1 [Lopez, Adriana S.; Leung, Jessica; Bialek, Stephanie R.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cardemil, Cristina; Pabst, Laura J.] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cullen, Karen A.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lopez, AS (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alopez@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 8 BP 174 EP 177 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB8GK UT WOS:000332028000003 PM 24572613 ER PT J AU Wu, H Chang, SS Tsai, HJ Wallace, RM Recuenco, SE Doty, JB Vora, NM Chang, FY AF Wu, Hsiu Chang, Su-San Tsai, Hsiang-Jung Wallace, Ryan M. Recuenco, Sergio E. Doty, Jeffrey B. Vora, Neil M. Chang, Feng-Yee TI Wildlife Rabies on an Island Free from Canine Rabies for 52 Years - Taiwan, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Wu, Hsiu; Wallace, Ryan M.; Vora, Neil M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wu, Hsiu; Chang, Feng-Yee] Minist Hlth & Welf, Taiwan Ctr Dis Control, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chang, Su-San] Council Agr, Bur Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect & Quarantine, Taipei, Taiwan. [Tsai, Hsiang-Jung] Council Agr, Anim Hlth Res Inst, Taipei, Taiwan. [Recuenco, Sergio E.; Doty, Jeffrey B.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, H (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xdh6@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 8 BP 178 EP 178 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB8GK UT WOS:000332028000004 PM 24572614 ER PT J AU Shim, YK Rachel, JM Ghia, P Boren, J Abbasi, F Dagklis, A Venable, G Kang, J Degheidy, H Plapp, FV Vogt, RF Menitove, JE Marti, GE AF Shim, Youn K. Rachel, Jane M. Ghia, Paolo Boren, Jeff Abbasi, Fatima Dagklis, Antonis Venable, Geri Kang, Jiyeon Degheidy, Heba Plapp, Fred V. Vogt, Robert F. Menitove, Jay E. Marti, Gerald E. TI Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis in healthy blood donors: an unexpectedly common finding SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-HISTORY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; LEUKEMIA; PREVALENCE; CLL; TRANSPLANTATION; EXPRESSION; CLONES; SHOWS; RISK AB Circulating monoclonal B cells may be detected in healthy adults, a condition called monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL). MBL has also been identified in donated blood, but no systematic study of blood donors has been reported. Using sensitive and specific laboratory methods, we detected MBL in 149 (7.1%; 95% confidence interval, 6.0% to 8.3%) of 2098 unique donors ages 45 years or older in a Midwestern US regional blood center between 2010 and 2011. Most of the 149 donors had low-count MBL, including 99 chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like (66.4%), 22 atypical (14.8%), and 19 CD5(-) (12.8%) immunophenotypes. However, 5 donors (3.4%) had B-cell clonal counts above 500 cells per mu L, including 3 with 1693 to 2887 cells per mL; the clone accounted for nearly all their circulating B cells. Four donors (2.7%) had 2 distinct MBL clones. Of 51 MBL samples in which immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) V-D-J genotypes could be determined, 71% and 29% used IGHV3-and IGHV4-family genes, respectively. Sequencing revealed 82% with somatic hypermutation, whereas 18% had >98% germ-line identity, including 5 with entirely germ-line sequences. In conclusion, MBL prevalence is much higher in blood donors than previously reported, and although uncommon, the presence of high-count MBL warrants further investigations to define the biological fate of the transfused cells in recipients. C1 [Shim, Youn K.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rachel, Jane M.; Boren, Jeff; Plapp, Fred V.] St Lukes Hosp, Dept Pathol, Kansas City, MO USA. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Div Mol Oncol, Milan, Italy. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Dept Oncohematol, Milan, Italy. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. [Abbasi, Fatima; Degheidy, Heba] US FDA, Div Cellular & Gene Therapies, Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Venable, Geri; Menitove, Jay E.] Community Blood Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. [Kang, Jiyeon] MeSun Hlth Serv, Lawrenceville, GA USA. [Vogt, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marti, Gerald E.] US FDA, Div Immunol & Hematol Devices, Off Vitro Diagnost Device Evaluat & Safety, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Shim, YK (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yshim@cdc.gov RI Ghia, Paolo/K-7138-2016 OI Ghia, Paolo/0000-0003-3750-7342 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro AIRC [9965]; Ricerca Finalizzata; Ministero della salute, Roma; Progetti di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale - Ministero Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca, Roma, Italy FX This project was supported in part by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and in part by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro AIRC (Investigator Grant and Special Program Molecular Clinical Oncology - 5 per mille #9965), Ricerca Finalizzata 2010, Ministero della salute, Roma; Progetti di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale - Ministero Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca, Roma, Italy. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 EI 1528-0020 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 123 IS 9 BP 1319 EP 1326 DI 10.1182/blood-2013-08-523704 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA AH0VR UT WOS:000335839300014 PM 24345750 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM AF Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Preventing and Controlling Influenza with Available Interventions SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MANAGEMENT AB With influenza activity surging, critical illness and deaths have been reported in young and middle-aged U.S. adults. The predominant virus has been the strain that caused the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Despite challenges, there's much we can do to reduce the impact of influenza. Influenza activity has been surging in the United States, and there are reports of critical illness and death in young and middle-aged adults. The predominant virus so far this season is influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, the cause of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Despite many challenges, there is much that the public, patients, the public health community, and clinicians can do now to reduce influenza's impact. The spread of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus suggests that despite its ongoing circulation since 2009, population immunity is not sufficiently high and many people remain susceptible. To date, surveillance data provide no evidence of significant antigenic drift in ... C1 CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 6 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 9 BP 789 EP 791 DI 10.1056/NEJMp1400034 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AB8AR UT WOS:000332013000002 PM 24450860 ER PT J AU Park, C Nichols, M Schrag, SJ AF Park, Connie Nichols, Megin Schrag, Stephanie J. TI Two Cases of Invasive Vancomycin- Resistant Group B Streptococcus Infection SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter AB Two cases of group B streptococcus infection with resistance to vancomycin, which has been a reliable agent for treating this infection, are described.To the Editor: Group B streptococcus has emerged as an important cause of invasive bacterial infection among adults, particularly in those who are elderly or have diabetes.(1) Leading clinical syndromes include bacteremia without focus, skin or soft-tissue infection (often accompanied by mixed infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]), and pneumonia.(1) Vancomycin is often initiated empirically until microbiologic data are available. We report two cases of invasive group B streptococcus infection with decreased vancomycin susceptibility without an epidemiologic link. The first patient was an 82-year-old woman with diabetes who was referred to a New York City emergency department for evaluation ... C1 [Park, Connie] Montefiore Med Ctr, New York, NY 10467 USA. [Nichols, Megin] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Park, C (reprint author), Montefiore Med Ctr, New York, NY 10467 USA. EM copark@montefiore.org NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 9 BP 885 EP 886 DI 10.1056/NEJMc1308504 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AB8AR UT WOS:000332013000028 PM 24571775 ER PT J AU Wang, RJ Zhang, LX Axen, C Bjorkman, C Jian, FC Amer, S Liu, AQ Feng, YY Li, GQ Lv, CC Zhao, ZF Qi, M Dong, HJ Wang, HL Sun, YR Ning, CS Xiao, LH AF Wang, Rongjun Zhang, Longxian Axen, Charlotte Bjorkman, Camilla Jian, Fuchun Amer, Said Liu, Aiqin Feng, Yaoyu Li, Guoquan Lv, Chaochao Zhao, Zifang Qi, Meng Dong, Haiju Wang, Helei Sun, Yanru Ning, Changshen Xiao, Lihua TI Cryptosporidium parvum IId family: clonal population and dispersal from Western Asia to other geographical regions SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ENTEROCYTOZOON-BIENEUSI; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SUBTYPE ANALYSIS; CATTLE; DOMESTICATION; HUMANS; CALVES; GENOTYPES; CHILDREN; HOMINIS AB In this study, 111 Cryptosporidium parvum IId isolates from several species of animals in China, Sweden, and Egypt were subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). One to eleven subtypes were detected at each of the 12 microsatellite, minisatellite, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci, forming 25 MLST subtypes. Host-adaptation and significant geographical segregation were both observed in the MLST subtypes. A clonal population structure was seen in C. parvum IId isolates from China and Sweden. Three ancestral lineages and the same RPGR sequence were shared by these isolates examined. Therefore, the present genetic observations including the higher nucleotide diversity of C. parvum IId GP60 sequences in Western Asia, as well as the unique distribution of IId subtypes (almost exclusively found in Asia, Europe, and Egypt) and in combination with the domestication history of cattle, sheep, and goats, indicated that C. parvum IId subtypes were probably dispersed from Western Asia to other geographical regions. More population genetic structure studies involving various C. parvum subtype families using high-resolution tools are needed to better elucidate the origin and dissemination of C. parvum in the world. C1 [Wang, Rongjun; Zhang, Longxian; Jian, Fuchun; Li, Guoquan; Lv, Chaochao; Zhao, Zifang; Qi, Meng; Dong, Haiju; Wang, Helei; Sun, Yanru; Ning, Changshen] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Axen, Charlotte] Swedish Natl Vet Inst, Dept Anim Hlth & Antimicrobial Strategies, Uppsala, Sweden. [Bjorkman, Camilla] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Clin Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amer, Said] Kafr El Sheikh Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Kafe El Sheikh, Egypt. [Liu, Aiqin] Harbin Med Univ, Dept Parasitol, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@gmail.com; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330079, U1204328, 31172311, 31302079]; International Cooperation and Exchange Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901]; Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2012ZX10004-220] FX This study was supported in part by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31330079), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1204328, 31172311, 31302079), the International Cooperation and Exchange Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31110103901), and the Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (2012ZX10004-220). NR 43 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4208 DI 10.1038/srep04208 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB7FZ UT WOS:000331956200002 PM 24572610 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Tsu, V Deeks, SL Cubie, H Wang, SA Vicari, AS Brotherton, JML AF Markowitz, Lauri E. Tsu, Vivien Deeks, Shelley L. Cubie, Heather Wang, Susan A. Vicari, Andrea S. Brotherton, Julia M. L. TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Introduction - The First Five Years (vol 30, pg F139, 2012) SO VACCINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tsu, Vivien] PATH, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Deeks, Shelley L.] Publ Hlth Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G1V2, Canada. [Cubie, Heather] Royal Infirm Edinburgh NHS Trust, Natl HPV Reference Lab, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, Midlothian, Scotland. [Wang, Susan A.] World Hlth Org, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biologicals, Geneva, Switzerland. [Vicari, Andrea S.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Comprehens Family Immunizat Project, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Brotherton, Julia M. L.] Victorian Cytol Serv Registries, East Melbourne, Vic 8002, Australia. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1225 EP 1225 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.013 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AC3SW UT WOS:000332442500016 ER PT J AU Ogden, CL Carroll, MD Kit, BK Flegal, KM AF Ogden, Cynthia L. Carroll, Margaret D. Kit, Brian K. Flegal, Katherine M. TI Prevalence of Childhood and Adult Obesity in the United States, 2011-2012 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CHILDREN; TRENDS; ADOLESCENTS; STRATEGIES; BEHAVIOR; RISK AB IMPORTANCE More than one-third of adults and 17% of youth in the United States are obese, although the prevalence remained stable between 2003-2004 and 2009-2010. OBJECTIVE To provide the most recent national estimates of childhood obesity, analyze trends in childhood obesity between 2003 and 2012, and provide detailed obesity trend analyses among adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Weight and height or recumbent length were measured in 9120 participants in the 2011-2012 nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES In infants and toddlers from birth to 2 years, high weight for recumbent length was defined as weight for length at or above the 95th percentile of the sex-specific Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts. In children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years, obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile of the sex-specific CDC BMI-for-age growth charts. In adults, obesity was defined as a BMI greater than or equal to 30. Analyses of trends in high weight for recumbent length or obesity prevalence were conducted overall and separately by age across 5 periods (2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012). RESULTS In 2011-2012, 8.1% (95% CI, 5.8%-11.1%) of infants and toddlers had high weight for recumbent length, and 16.9% (95% CI, 14.9%-19.2%) of 2- to 19-year-olds and 34.9% (95% CI, 32.0%-37.9%) of adults (age-adjusted) aged 20 years or older were obese. Overall, there was no significant change from 2003-2004 through 2011-2012 in high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers, obesity in 2- to 19-year-olds, or obesity in adults. Tests for an interaction between survey period and age found an interaction in children (P=.03) and women (P=.02). There was a significant decrease in obesity among 2- to 5-year-old children (from 13.9% to 8.4%; P=.03) and a significant increase in obesity among women aged 60 years and older (from 31.5% to 38.1%; P=.006). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Overall, there have been no significant changes in obesity prevalence in youth or adults between 2003-2004 and 2011-2012. Obesity prevalence remains high and thus it is important to continue surveillance. C1 [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Kit, Brian K.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kit, Brian K.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Ogden, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4415, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cogden@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 2414 Z9 2444 U1 58 U2 360 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 311 IS 8 BP 806 EP 814 DI 10.1001/jama.2014.732 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AB4XQ UT WOS:000331793700020 PM 24570244 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, S Calafat, AM Humblet, O Smith, T Hauser, R AF Ehrlich, Shelley Calafat, Antonia M. Humblet, Olivier Smith, Thomas Hauser, Russ TI Handling of Thermal Receipts as a Source of Exposure to Bisphenol A SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Ehrlich, Shelley; Smith, Thomas; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Humblet, Olivier] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Ehrlich, S (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM shelley.ehrlich@cchmc.org RI Ehrlich , Shelley/L-6991-2015 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIOSH CDC HHS [T42 OH008416, 2 T42 OH008416-05] NR 6 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 311 IS 8 BP 859 EP 860 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AB4XQ UT WOS:000331793700027 PM 24570250 ER PT J AU Lo, MK Sogaard, TM Karlin, DG AF Lo, Michael K. Sogaard, Teit Max Karlin, David G. TI Evolution and Structural Organization of the C Proteins of Paramyxovirinae SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE-3; OVERLAPPING READING FRAMES; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; VIRAL-RNA SYNTHESIS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; MEASLES-VIRUS; V-PROTEIN; NIPAH-VIRUS AB The phosphoprotein (P) gene of most Paramyxovirinae encodes several proteins in overlapping frames: P and V, which share a common N-terminus (PNT), and C, which overlaps PNT. Overlapping genes are of particular interest because they encode proteins originated de novo, some of which have unknown structural folds, challenging the notion that nature utilizes only a limited, well-mapped area of fold space. The C proteins cluster in three groups, comprising measles, Nipah, and Sendai virus. We predicted that all C proteins have a similar organization: a variable, disordered N-terminus and a conserved, alpha-helical C-terminus. We confirmed this predicted organization by biophysically characterizing recombinant C proteins from Tupaia paramyxovirus (measles group) and human parainfluenza virus 1 (Sendai group). We also found that the C of the measles and Nipah groups have statistically significant sequence similarity, indicating a common origin. Although the C of the Sendai group lack sequence similarity with them, we speculate that they also have a common origin, given their similar genomic location and structural organization. Since C is dispensable for viral replication, unlike PNT, we hypothesize that C may have originated de novo by overprinting PNT in the ancestor of Paramyxovirinae. Intriguingly, in measles virus and Nipah virus, PNT encodes STAT1-binding sites that overlap different regions of the C-terminus of C, indicating they have probably originated independently. This arrangement, in which the same genetic region encodes simultaneously a crucial functional motif (a STAT1-binding site) and a highly constrained region (the C-terminus of C), seems paradoxical, since it should severely reduce the ability of the virus to adapt. The fact that it originated twice suggests that it must be balanced by an evolutionary advantage, perhaps from reducing the size of the genetic region vulnerable to mutations. C1 [Lo, Michael K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sogaard, Teit Max; Karlin, David G.] Univ Oxford, Div Struct Biol, Oxford, England. [Karlin, David G.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP Karlin, DG (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Div Struct Biol, Oxford, England. EM dkarlin@strubi.ox.ac.uk OI Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU Wellcome Trust [090005] FX This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust grant number 090005 to DK. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 156 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e90003 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090003 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2ZX UT WOS:000332385900107 PM 24587180 ER PT J AU Nasreen, S Luby, SP Brooks, WA Homaira, N Al Mamun, A Bhuiyan, MU Rahman, M Ahmed, D Abedin, J Rahman, M Alamgir, ASM Fry, AM Streatfield, PK Rahman, A Bresee, J Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Nasreen, Sharifa Luby, Stephen P. Brooks, W. Abdullah Homaira, Nusrat Al Mamun, Abdullah Bhuiyan, Mejbah Uddin Rahman, Mustafizur Ahmed, Dilruba Abedin, Jaynal Rahman, Mahmudur Alamgir, A. S. M. Fry, Alicia M. Streatfield, Peter Kim Rahman, Anisur Bresee, Joseph Widdowson, Marc-Alain Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo TI Population-Based Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Virus Infections among Children Aged < 5 Years in Rural Bangladesh, June-October 2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PNEUMONIA; INFLUENZA; PATHOGENS; ETIOLOGY; BURDEN; PCR; SURVEILLANCE; PREVENTION AB Background: Better understanding the etiology-specific incidence of severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) in resource poor, rural settings will help further develop and prioritize prevention strategies. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a longitudinal study to estimate the incidence of SARIs among children in rural Bangladesh. Methods: During June through October 2010, we followed children aged < 5 years in 67 villages to identify those with cough, difficulty breathing, age-specific tachypnea and/or danger signs in the community or admitted to the local hospital. A study physician collected clinical information and obtained nasopharyngeal swabs from all SARI cases and blood for bacterial culture from those hospitalized. We tested swabs for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses, human metapneumoviruses, adenoviruses and human parainfluenza viruses 1-3 (HPIV) by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We calculated virus-specific SARI incidence by dividing the number of new illnesses by the person-time each child contributed to the study. Results: We followed 12,850 children for 279,029 person-weeks (pw) and identified 141 SARI cases; 76 (54%) at their homes and 65 (46%) at the hospital. RSV was associated with 7.9 SARI hospitalizations per 100,000 pw, HPIV3 2.2 hospitalizations/100,000 pw, and influenza 1.1 hospitalizations/100,000 pw. Among non-hospitalized SARI cases, RSV was associated with 10.8 illnesses/100,000 pw, HPIV3 1.8/100,000 pw, influenza 1.4/100,000 pw, and adenoviruses 0.4/100,000 pw. Conclusion: Respiratory viruses, particularly RSV, were commonly associated with SARI among children. It may be useful to explore the value of investing in prevention strategies, such as handwashing and respiratory hygiene, to reduce respiratory infections among young children in such settings. C1 [Nasreen, Sharifa; Luby, Stephen P.; Brooks, W. Abdullah; Homaira, Nusrat; Al Mamun, Abdullah; Bhuiyan, Mejbah Uddin; Rahman, Mustafizur; Ahmed, Dilruba; Abedin, Jaynal; Streatfield, Peter Kim; Rahman, Anisur; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.; Fry, Alicia M.; Bresee, Joseph; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rahman, Mahmudur; Alamgir, A. S. M.] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Nasreen, S (reprint author), Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM drsharifa74@gmail.com OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01CI000628-01] FX This research study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through their cooperative agreement with icddr,b (CDC Grant # 1U01CI000628-01). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89978 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089978 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2ZX UT WOS:000332385900104 PM 24587163 ER PT J AU Barbeau, B Hiscott, J Bazarbachi, A Carvalho, E Jones, K Martin, F Matsuoka, M Murphy, EL Ratner, L Switzer, WM Watanabe, T AF Barbeau, Benoit Hiscott, John Bazarbachi, Ali Carvalho, Edgar Jones, Kathryn Martin, Fabiola Matsuoka, Masao Murphy, Edward L. Ratner, Lee Switzer, William M. Watanabe, Toshiki TI Conference Highlights of the 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses, 26-30 June 2013, Montreal, Canada SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE HTLV-1; HTLV-2; BLV; Foamy virus; Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis ID T-CELL LEUKEMIA; LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE-1; PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS; MYELOPATHY/TROPICAL SPASTIC PARAPARESIS; SIMIAN FOAMY VIRUS; READING FRAME II; IN-VIVO; MOLECULAR-FEATURES; VIRAL INFECTIVITY; INTERFERON-ALPHA AB The 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses was held in Montreal, Quebec from June 26th to June 30th, 2013 and was therefore hosted by a Canadian city for the first time. The major topic of the meeting was human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) and was covered through distinct oral and poster presentation sessions: clinical research, animal models, immunology, molecular and cellular biology, human endogenous and emerging exogenous retroviruses and virology. In this review, highlights of the meeting are provided by different experts for each of these research areas. C1 [Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Biomed Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hiscott, John] VGTI Florida, Lucie, FL USA. [Hiscott, John] Lady Davis Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Bazarbachi, Ali] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Internal Med, Beirut, Lebanon. [Carvalho, Edgar] Univ Fed Bahia UFBA, Dept Immunol, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Jones, Kathryn] SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Canc & Inflammat Program, Basic Res Program, Frederick, MD USA. [Martin, Fabiola] Univ York, Hull & York Med Sch, Dept Biol, Ctr Immunol & Infect, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Matsuoka, Masao] Kyoto Univ, Inst Virus Res, Lab Virus Control, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Murphy, Edward L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Murphy, Edward L.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ratner, Lee] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Watanabe, Toshiki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo, Japan. RP Barbeau, B (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Room SB 3335,2080 St Urbain, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM barbeau.benoit@uqam.ca OI Matsuoka, Masao/0000-0002-0473-754X FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research [KDE124772] FX This work was supported by a Dissemination events grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#KDE124772) (B.B. and J.H.). We are thankful toward the conference staff (especially Gabriella Di Pancrazio) and the sponsors for having helped in organizing this meeting. We also thank Luc Willems, Graham P. Taylor and Charles R. M. Bangham for their helpful suggestions. NR 197 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 19 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-11-19 PG 21 WC Virology SC Virology GA AD5ZS UT WOS:000333332900001 PM 24558960 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Soberon, V Salas, CJ Santolalla, ML Udhayakumar, V Escalante, AA Graf, PCF Durand, S Cabezas, C Bacon, DJ AF McCollum, Andrea M. Soberon, Valeria Salas, Carola J. Santolalla, Meddly L. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Escalante, Ananias A. Graf, Paul C. F. Durand, Salomon Cabezas, Cesar Bacon, David J. TI Genetic variation and recurrent parasitaemia in Peruvian Plasmodium vivax populations SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium vivax; Malaria; Recrudescence; Relapse; Antigen locus; Microsatellite markers ID ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG TREATMENT; MICROSATELLITE MARKER; RURAL AMAZONIA; POLYMORPHISM; MALARIA; INFECTIONS; FALCIPARUM; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; VARIABILITY AB Background: Plasmodium vivax is a predominant species of malaria in parts of South America and there is increasing resistance to drugs to treat infections by P. vivax. The existence of latent hypnozoites further complicates the ability to classify recurrent infections as treatment failures due to relapse, recrudescence of hyponozoites or re-infections. Antigen loci are putatively under natural selection and may not be an optimal molecular marker to define parasite haplotypes in paired samples. Putatively neutral microsatellite loci, however, offer an assessment of neutral haplotypes. The objective here was to assess the utility of neutral microsatellite loci to reconcile cases of recurrent parasitaemia in Amazonian P. vivax populations in Peru. Methods: Patient blood samples were collected from three locations in or around Iquitos in the Peruvian Amazon. Five putatively neutral microsatellite loci were characterized from 445 samples to ascertain the within and amongst population variation. A total of 30 day 0 and day of recurrent parasitaemia samples were characterized at microsatellite loci and five polymorphic antigen loci for haplotype classification. Results: The genetic diversity at microsatellite loci was consistent with neutral levels of variation measured in other South American P. vivax populations. Results between antigen and microsatellite loci for the 30 day 0 and day of recurrent parasitaemia samples were the same for 80% of the pairs. The majority of non-concordant results were the result of differing alleles at microsatellite loci. This analysis estimates that 90% of the paired samples with the same microsatellite haplotype are unlikely to be due to a new infection. Conclusions: A population-level approach was used to yield a better estimate of the probability of a new infection versus relapse or recrudescence of homologous hypnozoites; hypnozoite activation was common for this cohort. Population studies are critical with the evaluation of genetic markers to assess P. vivax biology and epidemiology. The additional demonstration of microsatellite loci as neutral markers capable of distinguishing the origin of the recurrent parasites (new infection or originating from the patient) lends support to their use in assessment of treatment outcomes. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Soberon, Valeria; Salas, Carola J.; Santolalla, Meddly L.; Graf, Paul C. F.; Durand, Salomon; Bacon, David J.] Naval Med Res Unit, Parasitol Programme, Lima, Peru. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Cabezas, Cesar] Inst Nacl Salud Peru, Lima, Peru. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov OI Graf, Paul/0000-0002-1094-7498; durand, salomon/0000-0002-5923-8879 FU Instituto Nacional de Salud of the Peruvian Ministry of Health; US Naval Medical Research Unit Six [NAMRU-6]; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System of the US Department of Defense (AFHSC/GEIS); CDC Drug Resistance Working Group; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (Atlanta, GA, USA); [847705.82000.256B.B0016] FX This work was developed and sponsored jointly by the Instituto Nacional de Salud of the Peruvian Ministry of Health and the US Naval Medical Research Unit Six (NAMRU-6). Funding for this project was received from the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System of the US Department of Defense (AFHSC/GEIS). This work was supported and funded by work unit number 847705.82000.256B.B0016. Additional financial support from the CDC Drug Resistance Working Group and support from the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (Atlanta, GA, USA) are appreciated. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-67 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AC8HZ UT WOS:000332775400001 PM 24568141 ER PT J AU Iavicoli, I Leso, V Manno, M Schulte, PA AF Iavicoli, Ivo Leso, Veruscka Manno, Maurizio Schulte, Paul A. TI Biomarkers of nanomaterial exposure and effect: current status SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Nanotechnology; Nanomaterials; Workplace; Biological monitoring; Biomarkers of exposure; Biomarkers of effect; Health effects; Risk assessment; Risk management ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; INSOLUBLE IRIDIUM PARTICLES; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VIVO GENOTOXICITY; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; SILICA NANOPARTICLES AB Recent advances in nanotechnology have induced a widespread production and application of nanomaterials. As a consequence, an increasing number of workers are expected to undergo exposure to these xenobiotics, while the possible hazards to their health remain not being completely understood. In this context, biological monitoring may play a key role not only to identify potential hazards from and to evaluate occupational exposure to nanomaterials, but also to detect their early biological effects to better assess and manage risks of exposure in respect of the health of workers. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a critical evaluation of potential biomarkers of nanomaterial exposure and effect investigated in human and animal studies. Concerning exposure biomarkers, internal dose of metallic or metal oxide nanoparticle exposure may be assessed measuring the elemental metallic content in blood or urine or other biological materials, whereas specific molecules may be carefully evaluated in target tissues as possible biomarkers of biologically effective dose. Oxidative stress biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine, genotoxicity biomarkers, and inflammatory response indicators may also be useful, although not specific, as biomarkers of nanomaterial early adverse health effects. Finally, potential biomarkers from "omic'' technologies appear to be quite innovative and greatly relevant, although mechanistic, ethical, and practical issues should all be resolved before their routine application in occupational settings could be implemented. Although all these findings are interesting, they point out the need for further research to identify and possibly validate sensitive and specific biomarkers of exposure and effect, suitable for future use in occupational biomonitoring programs. A valuable contribution may derive from the studies investigating the biological behavior of nanomaterials and the factors influencing their toxicokinetics and reactivity. In this context, the application of the most recent advances in analytical chemistry and biochemistry to the biological monitoring of nanomaterial exposure may be also useful to detect and define patterns and mechanisms of early nanospecific biochemical alterations. C1 [Iavicoli, Ivo; Leso, Veruscka] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Sect Occupat Med, Inst Publ Hlth, I-00168 Rome, Italy. [Manno, Maurizio] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Iavicoli, I (reprint author), Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Sect Occupat Med, Inst Publ Hlth, Largo Francesco Vito 1, I-00168 Rome, Italy. EM iavicoli.ivo@rm.unicatt.it RI Iavicoli, Ivo/K-9062-2016 OI Iavicoli, Ivo/0000-0003-0444-3792 NR 124 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 87 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD FEB 22 PY 2014 VL 16 IS 3 AR 2302 DI 10.1007/s11051-014-2302-9 PG 33 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB6NL UT WOS:000331906000001 ER PT J AU Flannery, B Thaker, SN Clippard, J Monto, AS Ohmit, SE Zimmerman, RK Nowalk, MP Gaglani, M Jackson, ML Jackson, LA Belongia, EA McLean, HQ Berman, L Foust, A Sessions, W Spencer, S Fry, AM AF Flannery, Brendan Thaker, Swathi N. Clippard, Jessie Monto, Arnold S. Ohmit, Suzanne E. Zimmerman, Richard K. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Gaglani, Manjusha Jackson, Michael L. Jackson, Lisa A. Belongia, Edward A. McLean, Huong Q. Berman, LaShondra Foust, Angie Sessions, Wendy Spencer, Sarah Fry, Alicia M. TI Interim Estimates of 2013-14 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness United States, February 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VIRUS C1 [Flannery, Brendan; Thaker, Swathi N.; Clippard, Jessie; Berman, LaShondra; Foust, Angie; Sessions, Wendy; Spencer, Sarah; Fry, Alicia M.] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Monto, Arnold S.; Ohmit, Suzanne E.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Monto, Arnold S.; Ohmit, Suzanne E.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. [Zimmerman, Richard K.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Zimmerman, Richard K.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia] UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha] Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Baylor Scott & White Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jackson, Michael L.; Jackson, Lisa A.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Belongia, Edward A.; McLean, Huong Q.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Eau Claire, WI USA. RP Flannery, B (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bflannery@cdc.gov OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU NCIRD CDC HHS [U01 IP000467] NR 10 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB4QZ UT WOS:000331776300001 PM 24553196 ER PT J AU Ayscue, P Murray, E Uyeki, T Zipprich, J Harriman, K Salibay, C Kang, M Luu, A Glenn-Finer, R Watt, J Glaser, C Louie, J AF Ayscue, Patrick Murray, Erin Uyeki, Timothy Zipprich, Jennifer Harriman, Kathleen Salibay, Catheryn Kang, Monica Luu, Annie Glenn-Finer, Rose Watt, James Glaser, Carol Louie, Janice TI Influenza-Associated Intensive-Care Unit Admissions and Deaths - California, September 29, 2013-January 18, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION C1 [Ayscue, Patrick] CDC, EIS Officer, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ayscue, Patrick; Murray, Erin; Zipprich, Jennifer; Harriman, Kathleen; Salibay, Catheryn; Kang, Monica; Luu, Annie; Glenn-Finer, Rose; Watt, James; Glaser, Carol; Louie, Janice] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ayscue, P (reprint author), CDC, EIS Officer, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM payscue@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 143 EP 147 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB4QZ UT WOS:000331776300002 PM 24553197 ER PT J AU Arriola, CS Brammer, L Epperson, S Blanton, L Kniss, K Mustaquim, D Steffens, C Dhara, R Leon, M Perez, A Chaves, SS Katz, J Wallis, T Villanueva, J Xu, XY Abd Elal, AI Gubareva, L Cox, N Finelli, L Bresee, J Jhung, M AF Arriola, Carmen S. Brammer, Lynnette Epperson, Scott Blanton, Lenee Kniss, Krista Mustaquim, Desiree Steffens, Craig Dhara, Rosaline Leon, Michelle Perez, Alejandro Chaves, Sandra S. Katz, Jackie Wallis, Teresa Villanueva, Julie Xu, Xiyan Abd Elal, Anwar Isa Gubareva, Larisa Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn Bresee, Joseph Jhung, Michael TI Update: Influenza Activity - United States, September 29, 2013-February 8, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID H1N1 C1 [Arriola, Carmen S.] CDC, EIS Officer, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arriola, Carmen S.; Brammer, Lynnette; Epperson, Scott; Blanton, Lenee; Kniss, Krista; Mustaquim, Desiree; Steffens, Craig; Dhara, Rosaline; Leon, Michelle; Perez, Alejandro; Chaves, Sandra S.; Katz, Jackie; Wallis, Teresa; Villanueva, Julie; Xu, Xiyan; Abd Elal, Anwar Isa; Gubareva, Larisa; Cox, Nancy; Finelli, Lyn; Bresee, Joseph; Jhung, Michael] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Arriola, CS (reprint author), CDC, EIS Officer, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM carriolavelezmoro@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 148 EP 154 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB4QZ UT WOS:000331776300003 PM 24553198 ER PT J AU Motswere-Chirwa, C Voetsch, A Lu, L Letsholathebe, V Lekone, P Machakaire, E Legwaila, K Matambo, S Maruping, M Kolobe, T Petlo, C Lebelonyane, R Glenshaw, M Dale, H Davis, M El Halabi, S Pelletier, A AF Motswere-Chirwa, Catherine Voetsch, Andrew Lu, Lydia Letsholathebe, Victor Lekone, Phenyo Machakaire, Esther Legwaila, Keitumetse Matambo, Stembile Maruping, Maruping Kolobe, Thatayodhe Petlo, Chipo Lebelonyane, Refeletswe Glenshaw, Mary Dale, Helen Davis, Margarett El Halabi, Shenaaz Pelletier, Andrew TI Follow-Up of Infants Diagnosed with - HIV Early Infant Diagnosis Program, Francistown, Botswana, 2005-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; MORTALITY C1 [Motswere-Chirwa, Catherine; Voetsch, Andrew; Lu, Lydia; Lekone, Phenyo; Machakaire, Esther; Legwaila, Keitumetse; Matambo, Stembile; Maruping, Maruping; Kolobe, Thatayodhe; Glenshaw, Mary; Dale, Helen; Davis, Margarett; Pelletier, Andrew] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Letsholathebe, Victor; Petlo, Chipo; Lebelonyane, Refeletswe; El Halabi, Shenaaz] Botswana Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Motswere-Chirwa, C (reprint author), CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hoc0@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 158 EP 160 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB4QZ UT WOS:000331776300005 PM 24553200 ER PT J AU Kriner, P Lopez, K Leung, J Harpaz, R Bialek, SR AF Kriner, Paula Lopez, Karla Leung, Jessica Harpaz, Rafael Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Varicella-Associated Death of a Vaccinated Child with Leukemia - California, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Kriner, Paula; Lopez, Karla] CDC, Imperial Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leung, Jessica; Harpaz, Rafael; Bialek, Stephanie R.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kriner, P (reprint author), CDC, Imperial Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM paulakriner@co.imperial.ca.us NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB4QZ UT WOS:000331776300006 PM 24553201 ER PT J AU Steinhardt, LC Chinkhumba, J Wolkon, A Luka, M Luhanga, M Sande, J Oyugi, J Ali, D Mathanga, D Skarbinski, J AF Steinhardt, Laura C. Chinkhumba, Jobiba Wolkon, Adam Luka, Madalitso Luhanga, Misheck Sande, John Oyugi, Jessica Ali, Doreen Mathanga, Don Skarbinski, Jacek TI Quality of Malaria Case Management in Malawi: Results from a Nationally Representative Health Facility Survey SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; FEBRILE ILLNESS; OLDER CHILDREN; TANZANIA; KENYA; AFRICA; MICROSCOPY; ADHERENCE; EFFICACY; POLICY AB Background: Malaria is endemic throughout Malawi, but little is known about quality of malaria case management at publicly-funded health facilities, which are the major source of care for febrile patients. Methods: In April-May 2011, we conducted a nationwide, geographically-stratified health facility survey to assess the quality of outpatient malaria diagnosis and treatment. We enrolled patients presenting for care and conducted exit interviews and re-examinations, including reference blood smears. Moreover, we assessed health worker readiness (e.g., training, supervision) and health facility capacity (e.g. availability of diagnostics and antimalarials) to provide malaria case management. All analyses accounted for clustering and unequal selection probabilities. We also used survey weights to produce estimates of national caseloads. Results: At the 107 facilities surveyed, most of the 136 health workers interviewed (83%) had received training on malaria case management. However, only 24% of facilities had functional microscopy, 15% lacked a thermometer, and 19% did not have the first-line artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), artemether-lumefantrine, in stock. Of 2,019 participating patients, 34% had clinical malaria (measured fever or self-reported history of fever plus a positive reference blood smear). Only 67% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59%, 76%) of patients with malaria were correctly prescribed an ACT, primarily due to missed malaria diagnosis. Among patients without clinical malaria, 31% (95% CI: 24%, 39%) were prescribed an ACT. By our estimates, 1.5 million of the 4.4 million malaria patients seen in public facilities annually did not receive correct treatment, and 2.7 million patients without clinical malaria were inappropriately given an ACT. Conclusions: Malawi has a high burden of uncomplicated malaria but nearly one-third of all patients receive incorrect malaria treatment, including under-and over-treatment. To improve malaria case management, facilities must at minimum have basic case management tools, and health worker performance in diagnosing malaria must be improved. C1 [Steinhardt, Laura C.; Wolkon, Adam; Oyugi, Jessica; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Chinkhumba, Jobiba; Luka, Madalitso; Mathanga, Don] Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Luhanga, Misheck; Sande, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. RP Steinhardt, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM iyp6@cdc.gov FU United States President's Malaria Initiative; U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U01CK000135] FX This publication was made possible through support provided by the United States President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5U01CK000135) between the CDC and the Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89050 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089050 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB3UC UT WOS:000331714700054 PM 24586497 ER PT J AU Steinhardt, LC Chinkhumba, J Wolkon, A Luka, M Luhanga, M Sande, J Oyugi, J Ali, D Mathanga, D Skarbinski, J AF Steinhardt, Laura C. Chinkhumba, Jobiba Wolkon, Adam Luka, Madalitso Luhanga, Misheck Sande, John Oyugi, Jessica Ali, Doreen Mathanga, Don Skarbinski, Jacek TI Patient-, health worker-, and health facility-level determinants of correct malaria case management at publicly funded health facilities in Malawi: results from a nationally representative health facility survey SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Case management; Symptoms; Diagnostics; Treatment; Malawi ID RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; CLUSTER RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; COMBINATION THERAPY; CLINICAL ALGORITHMS; FEBRILE ILLNESS; RURAL TANZANIA; CHILDREN; QUALITY AB Background: Prompt and effective case management is needed to reduce malaria morbidity and mortality. However, malaria diagnosis and treatment is a multistep process that remains problematic in many settings, resulting in missed opportunities for effective treatment as well as overtreatment of patients without malaria. Methods: Prior to the widespread roll-out of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in late 2011, a national, cross-sectional, complex-sample, health facility survey was conducted in Malawi to assess patient-, health worker-, and health facility-level factors associated with malaria case management quality using multivariate Poisson regression models. Results: Among the 2,019 patients surveyed, 34% had confirmed malaria defined as presence of fever and parasitaemia on a reference blood smear. Sixty-seven per cent of patients with confirmed malaria were correctly prescribed the first-line anti-malarial, with most cases of incorrect treatment due to missed diagnosis; 31% of patients without confirmed malaria were overtreated with an anti-malarial. More than one-quarter of patients were not assessed for fever or history of fever by health workers. The most important determinants of correct malaria case management were patient- level clinical symptoms, such as spontaneous complaint of fever to health workers, which increased both correct treatment and overtreatment by 72 and 210%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Complaint of cough was associated with a 27% decreased likelihood of correct malaria treatment (p = 0.001). Lower-level cadres of health workers were more likely to prescribe anti-malarials for patients, increasing the likelihood of both correct treatment and overtreatment, but no other health worker or health facility-level factors were significantly associated with case management quality. Conclusions: Introduction of RDTs holds potential to improve malaria case management in Malawi, but health workers must systematically assess all patients for fever, and then test and treat accordingly, otherwise, malaria control programmes might miss an opportunity to dramatically improve malaria case management, despite better diagnostic tools. C1 [Steinhardt, Laura C.; Wolkon, Adam; Oyugi, Jessica; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chinkhumba, Jobiba; Luka, Madalitso; Mathanga, Don] Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Luhanga, Misheck; Sande, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Oyugi, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steinhardt, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LSteinhardt@cdc.gov FU US President's Malaria Initiative; Malaria Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Malaria Alert Centre FX The authors would like to acknowledge the many patients and health workers who took time to participate in this study, as well as the data collection teams who gathered the data. We also thank all the Malaria Alert Centre and National Malaria Control Programme staff who assisted with training and data collection. Funding for this study was made possible through the US President's Malaria Initiative and the Malaria Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a cooperative research agreement with the Malaria Alert Centre. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 64 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-64 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AC8HU UT WOS:000332774900001 PM 24555546 ER PT J AU Shulman, LM Gavrilin, E Jorba, J Martin, J Burns, CC Manor, Y Moran-Gilad, J Sofer, D Hindiyeh, MY Gamzu, R Mendelson, E Grotto, I AF Shulman, L. M. Gavrilin, E. Jorba, J. Martin, J. Burns, C. C. Manor, Y. Moran-Gilad, J. Sofer, D. Hindiyeh, M. Y. Gamzu, R. Mendelson, E. Grotto, I. CA Genotype-Phenotype Identification TI Molecular epidemiology of silent introduction and sustained transmission of wild poliovirus type 1, Israel, 2013 SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE; CIRCULATION; VACCINE; DNA; POLIOMYELITIS; ERADICATION; OUTBREAK AB Poliovirus vaccine coverage in Israel is over 90%. The last nine birth cohorts have been vaccinated exclusively with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). However, between February and July 2013 type 1 wild poliovirus (WPV1) was detected persistently in 10 and intermittently in 8 of 47 environmental surveillance sites in southern and central Israel and in 30 stool samples collected during July from healthy individuals in southern Israel. We report results of sequence and phylogenetic analyses of genes encoding capsid proteins to determine the source and transmission mode of the virus. WPV1 capsid protein 1 nucleotide sequences were most closely related to South Asia (SOAS) cluster R3A polioviruses circulating in Pakistan in 2012 and isolated from Egyptian sewage in December 2012. There was no noticeable geographical clustering within WPV1-positive sites. Uniform codon usage among isolates from Pakistan, Egypt and Israel showed no signs of optimisation or deoptimisation. Bayesian phylogenetic time clock analysis of the entire capsid coding region (2,643 nt) with a 1.1% evolutionary rate indicated that Israeli and Egyptian WPV1-SOAS lineages diverged in September 2012, while Israeli isolates split into two sub-branches after January 2013. This suggests one or more introduction events into Israel with subsequent silent circulation despite high population immunity. C1 [Shulman, L. M.; Manor, Y.; Hindiyeh, M. Y.; Mendelson, E.] Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Cent Virol Lab, Israel Minist Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Shulman, L. M.; Gamzu, R.; Mendelson, E.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Sch Publ Hlth, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gavrilin, E.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Reg Polio Lab Network, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jorba, J.; Burns, C. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, J.] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Div Virol, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Moran-Gilad, J.; Gamzu, R.; Grotto, I.] Israel Minist Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel. [Grotto, I.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Publ Hlth, Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Shulman, LM (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Cent Virol Lab, Israel Minist Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM lester.shulman@sheba.health.gov.il NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 19 IS 7 BP 13 EP 20 AR 20709 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB7AB UT WOS:000331940600004 PM 24576471 ER PT J AU Yakovenko, ML Gmyl, AP Ivanova, OE Eremeeva, TP Ivanov, AP Prostova, MA Baykova, OY Isaeva, OV Lipskaya, GY Shakaryan, AK Kew, OM Deshpande, JM Agol, VI AF Yakovenko, M. L. Gmyl, A. P. Ivanova, O. E. Eremeeva, T. P. Ivanov, A. P. Prostova, M. A. Baykova, O. Y. Isaeva, O. V. Lipskaya, G. Y. Shakaryan, A. K. Kew, O. M. Deshpande, J. M. Agol, V. I. TI The 2010 outbreak of poliomyelitis in Tajikistan: epidemiology and lessons learnt SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT Article ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUSES; WILD-TYPE POLIOVIRUS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS; INFECTION; RECOMBINATION; INDIA; IMMUNOGENICITY; POLYMERASE; EVOLUTION; IMMUNITY AB A large outbreak of poliomyelitis, with 463 laboratory-confirmed and 47 polio-compatible cases, took place in 2010 in Tajikistan. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral VP1 gene suggested a single importation of wild poliovirus type 1 from India in late 2009, its further circulation in Tajikistan and expansion into neighbouring countries, namely Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Whole-genome sequencing of 14 isolates revealed recombination events with enterovirus C with cross-overs within the P2 region. Viruses with one class of recombinant genomes co-circulated with the parental virus, and representatives of both caused paralytic poliomyelitis. Serological analysis of 327 sera from acute flaccid paralysis cases as well as from patients with other diagnoses and from healthy people demonstrated inadequate immunity against polio in the years preceding the outbreak. Evidence was obtained suggesting that vaccination against poliomyelitis, in rare cases, may not prevent the disease. Factors contributing to the peculiarities of this outbreak are discussed. The outbreak emphasises the necessity of continued vaccination against polio and the need, at least in risk areas, of quality control of this vaccination through well planned serological surveillance. C1 [Yakovenko, M. L.; Gmyl, A. P.; Ivanova, O. E.; Eremeeva, T. P.; Ivanov, A. P.; Prostova, M. A.; Baykova, O. Y.; Isaeva, O. V.; Shakaryan, A. K.; Agol, V. I.] Russian Acad Med Sci, MP Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Viral Encephalit, Moscow, Russia. [Yakovenko, M. L.; Lipskaya, G. Y.; Agol, V. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, AN Belozersky Inst Phys Chem Biol, Moscow, Russia. [Gmyl, A. P.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Moscow, Russia. [Kew, O. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Deshpande, J. M.] Indian Council Med Res, Enterovirus Res Ctr, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. RP Yakovenko, ML (reprint author), Russian Acad Med Sci, MP Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Viral Encephalit, Moscow, Russia. FU World Health Organization; Russian Foundation for Basic Research of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science; Government of Russian Federation FX The study was conducted with financial support of the World Health Organization, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science and the Government of Russian Federation. We would like to thank Ministry of Health and State Center of Immunoprophylaxis of the Republic of Tajikistan for providing the outbreak specimens and epidemiological information to Moscow Polio Regional Reference Laboratory of WHO, and F. Tishkova, Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine, for providing a collection of sera samples; Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Federal Center for Epidemiological Surveillance, and Polio laboratory network of Russian Federation for assistance in collection and delivery of the clinical specimens and providing epidemiological data; I. Gordeychuk for help with full-genome sequencing of some viral clones, A. N. Lukashev and A. E. Gorbalenya for advice; A. Goel for assistance with clarification of some epidemiological data and M. Kolesnikova for technical support. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 19 IS 7 BP 41 EP 53 AR 20706 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB7AB UT WOS:000331940600007 PM 24576474 ER PT J AU Bove, FJ Ruckart, PZ Maslia, M Larson, TC AF Bove, Frank J. Ruckart, Perri Zeitz Maslia, Morris Larson, Theodore C. TI Evaluation of mortality among marines and navy personnel exposed to contaminated drinking water at USMC base Camp Lejeune: a retrospective cohort study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Mortality; Cancers; Trichloroethylene; Tetrachloroethylene; Vinyl chloride; Benzene; Drinking water ID DOSE-RESPONSE ANALYSES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; RISK; MASSACHUSETTS; ISSUES; LUNG AB Background: Two drinking water systems at U. S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina were contaminated with solvents during 1950s-1985. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort mortality study of Marine and Naval personnel who began service during 1975-1985 and were stationed at Camp Lejeune or Camp Pendleton, California during this period. Camp Pendleton's drinking water was uncontaminated. Mortality follow-up was 1979-2008. Standardized Mortality Ratios were calculated using U. S. mortality rates as reference. We used survival analysis to compare mortality rates between Camp Lejeune (N = 154,932) and Camp Pendleton (N = 154,969) cohorts and assess effects of cumulative exposures to contaminants within the Camp Lejeune cohort. Models estimated monthly contaminant levels at residences. Confidence intervals (CIs) indicated precision of effect estimates. Results: There were 8,964 and 9,365 deaths respectively, in the Camp Lejeune and Camp Pendleton cohorts. Compared to Camp Pendleton, Camp Lejeune had elevated mortality hazard ratios (HRs) for all cancers (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.20), kidney cancer (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.84, 2.16), liver cancer (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.92, 2.20), esophageal cancer (HR = 1.43 95% CI: 0.85, 2.38), cervical cancer (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.24, 7.32), Hodgkin lymphoma (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.71, 3.06), and multiple myeloma (HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 0.76, 3.72). Within the Camp Lejeune cohort, monotonic categorical cumulative exposure trends were observed for kidney cancer and total contaminants (HR, high cumulative exposure = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.63, 3.75; log(10) beta= 0.06, 95% CI: -0.05, 0.17), Hodgkin lymphoma and trichloroethylene (HR, high cumulative exposure = 1.97, 95% CI: 0.55, 7.03; beta = 0.00005, 95% CI: -0.00003, 0.00013) and benzene (HR, high cumulative exposure = 1.94, 95% CI: 0.54, 6.95; beta = 0.00203, 95% CI: -0.00339, 0.00745). Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) had HR = 2.21 (95% CI: 0.71, 6.86) at high cumulative vinyl chloride exposure but a non-monotonic exposure-response relationship (beta = 0.0011, 95% CI: 0.0002, 0.0020). Conclusion: The study found elevated HRs at Camp Lejeune for several causes of death including cancers of the kidney, liver, esophagus, cervix, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin lymphoma and ALS. CIs were wide for most HRs. Because < 6% of the cohort had died, long-term follow-up would be necessary to comprehensively assess effects of drinking water exposures at the base. C1 [Bove, Frank J.; Ruckart, Perri Zeitz; Larson, Theodore C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Maslia, Morris] ATSDR, Div Community Hlth Invest, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bove, FJ (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fbove@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 10 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-13-10 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AF2LN UT WOS:000334543700001 PM 24552493 ER PT J AU Rimi, NA Sultana, R Luby, SP Islam, MS Uddin, M Hossain, MJ Zaman, RU Nahar, N Gurley, ES AF Rimi, Nadia Ali Sultana, Rebeca Luby, Stephen P. Islam, Mohammed Saiful Uddin, Main Hossain, Mohammad Jahangir Zaman, Rashid Uz Nahar, Nazmun Gurley, Emily S. TI Infrastructure and Contamination of the Physical Environment in Three Bangladeshi Hospitals: Putting Infection Control into Context SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; NIPAH VIRUS; HAND-HYGIENE; TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK; HEPATITIS; COMMUNITY; HAZARD AB Objective: This paper describes the physical structure and environmental contamination in selected hospital wards in three government hospitals in Bangladesh. Methods: The qualitative research team conducted 48 hours of observation in six wards from three Bangladeshi tertiary hospitals in 2007. They recorded environmental contamination with body secretions and excretions and medical waste and observed ward occupant handwashing and use of personal protective equipment. They recorded number of persons, number of open doors and windows, and use of fans. They measured the ward area and informally observed waste disposal outside the wards. They conducted nine focus group discussions with doctors, nurses and support staff. Results: A median of 3.7 persons were present per 10 m(2) of floor space in the wards. A median of 4.9 uncovered coughs or sneezes were recorded per 10 m(2) per hour per ward. Floors in the wards were soiled with saliva, spit, mucous, vomitus, feces and blood 125 times in 48 hours. Only two of the 12 patient handwashing stations had running water and none had soap. No disinfection was observed before or after using medical instruments. Used medical supplies were often discarded in open containers under the beds. Handwashing with soap was observed in only 32 of 3,373 handwashing opportunities noted during 48 hours. Mosquitoes and feral cats were commonly observed in the wards. Conclusions: The physical structure and environment of our study hospitals are conducive to the spread of infection to people in the wards. Low-cost interventions on hand hygiene and cleaning procedures for rooms and medical equipment should be developed and evaluated for their practicality and effectiveness. C1 [Rimi, Nadia Ali; Sultana, Rebeca; Luby, Stephen P.; Islam, Mohammed Saiful; Uddin, Main; Hossain, Mohammad Jahangir; Zaman, Rashid Uz; Nahar, Nazmun; Gurley, Emily S.] Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global Dis Detect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rimi, NA (reprint author), Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM nadiarimi@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [I-U01-C1000298] FX This research was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the cooperative agreement grant I-U01-C1000298 (website: http://www.cdc.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89085 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089085 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB3TA UT WOS:000331711900086 PM 24586516 ER PT J AU Smith, RM Mba-Jonas, A Tourdjman, M Schimek, T DeBess, E Marsden-Haug, N Harris, JR AF Smith, Rachel M. Mba-Jonas, Adamma Tourdjman, Mathieu Schimek, Trisha DeBess, Emilio Marsden-Haug, Nicola Harris, Julie R. TI Treatment and Outcomes among Patients with Cryptococcus gattii Infections in the United States Pacific Northwest SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEOFORMANS VAR GATTII; ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; AMPHOTERICIN-B; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HIGH PREVALENCE; 2 VARIETIES; MENINGITIS AB Background: Cryptococcus gattii is a fungal pathogen causing an emerging outbreak in the United States Pacific Northwest (PNW). Treatment guidelines for cryptococcosis are primarily based on data from C. neoformans infections; applicability to PNW C. gattii infection is unknown. We evaluated the relationship between initial antifungal treatment and outcomes for PNW C. gattii patients. Methods: Cases were defined as culture-confirmed invasive C. gattii infections among residents of Oregon and Washington States during 2004-2011. Clinical data were abstracted from medical records through one year of follow-up. Recommended initial treatment for central nervous system (CNS), bloodstream, and severe pulmonary infections is amphotericin B and 5flucytosine; for non-severe pulmonary infections, recommended initial treatment is fluconazole. Alternative initial treatment was defined as any other initial antifungal treatment. Results: Seventy patients survived to diagnosis; 50 (71%) received the recommended initial treatment and 20 (29%) received an alternative. Fewer patients with pulmonary infections [21 (64%)] than CNS infections [25 (83%)] received the recommended initial treatment (p = 0.07). Among patients with pulmonary infections, those with severe infections received the recommended initial treatment less often than those with non-severe infections (11% vs. 83%, p<0.0001). Eight patients with severe pulmonary infections received alternative initial treatments; three died. Four patients with non-severe pulmonary infections received alternative initial treatments; two died. There was a trend towards increased three-month mortality among patients receiving alternative vs. recommended initial treatment (30% vs. 14%, p = 0.12), driven primarily by increased mortality among patients with pulmonary disease receiving alternative vs. recommended initial treatment (42% vs. 10%, p = 0.07). Conclusions: C. gattii patients with pulmonary infections - especially severe infections - may be less likely to receive recommended treatment than those with CNS infections; alternative treatment may be associated with increased mortality. Reasons for receipt of alternative treatment among C. gattii patients in this area should be investigated, and clinician awareness of recommended treatment reinforced. C1 [Smith, Rachel M.; Mba-Jonas, Adamma; Schimek, Trisha; Harris, Julie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tourdjman, Mathieu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tourdjman, Mathieu; DeBess, Emilio] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Marsden-Haug, Nicola] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. RP Smith, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Vih9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e88875 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0088875 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB3TA UT WOS:000331711900055 PM 24586423 ER PT J AU Brown, DS Arnold, SE Asay, G Lorick, SA Cho, BH Basurto-Davila, R Messonnier, ML AF Brown, Derek S. Arnold, Sarah E. Asay, Garrett Lorick, Suchita A. Cho, Bo-Hyun Basurto-Davila, Ricardo Messonnier, Mark L. TI Parent attitudes about school-located influenza vaccination clinics SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Schools; Vaccination; Parents; Consent; Immunization ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CHILDREN; PROGRAMS; COVERAGE; IMPACT; ABSENTEEISM; PREVENTION; STRATEGIES AB The use of alternative venues beyond physician offices may help to increase rates of population influenza vaccination. Schools provide a logical setting for reaching children, but most school-located vaccination (SLV) efforts to date have been limited to local areas. The potential reach and acceptability of SLV at the national level is unknown in the United States. To address this gap, we conducted a nationally representative online survey of 1088 parents of school-aged children. We estimate rates of, and factors associated with, future hypothetical parental consent for children to participate in SLV for influenza. Based on logistic regression analysis, we estimate that 51% of parents would be willing to consent to SLV for influenza. Among those who would consent, SLV was reported as more convenient than the regular location (42.1% vs. 19.9%, P< 0.001). However the regular location was preferred over SLV for the child's well-being in case of side effects (46.4% vs. 20.9%, P< 0.001) and proper administration of the vaccine (31.0% vs. 21.0%, P< 0.001). Parents with college degrees and whose child received the 2009-2010 seasonal or 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination were more likely to consent, as were parents of uninsured children. Several measures of concern about vaccine safety were negatively associated with consent for SLV. Of those not against SLV, schools were preferred as more convenient to the regular location by college graduates, those whose child received the 2009-2010 seasonal or 2009 HI NI influenza vaccination, and those with greater travel and clinic time. With an estimated one-half of U.S. parents willing to consent to SLV, this study shows the potential to use schools for large-scale influenza vaccination programs in the U.S. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Derek S.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Arnold, Sarah E.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Asay, Garrett; Lorick, Suchita A.; Cho, Bo-Hyun; Messonnier, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Basurto-Davila, Ricardo] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Brown, DS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM dereksbrown@wustl.edu RI Brown, Derek/J-3035-2013 OI Brown, Derek/0000-0001-9908-9882 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2008-F-27733] FX RTI International received financial support for work related to this article under a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2008-F-27733). Dr. Brown was affiliated with RTI International during data collection. Scientific authors of this study affiliated with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention participated in the interpretation of data, writing of the report, and the decision to submit the article for publication. However, the findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or RTI International. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1043 EP 1048 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.003 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AB3HN UT WOS:000331682000004 PM 24440111 ER PT J AU Jiang, NM Tofail, F Moonah, SN Scharf, RJ Taniuchi, M Ma, JZ Hamadani, JD Gurley, ES Houpt, ER Azziz-Baumgartner, E Haque, R Petri, WA AF Jiang, Nona M. Tofail, Fahmida Moonah, Shannon N. Scharf, Rebecca J. Taniuchi, Mami Ma, Jennie Z. Hamadani, Jena D. Gurley, Emily S. Houpt, Eric R. Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Haque, Rashidul Petri, William A., Jr. TI Febrile illness and pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with lower neurodevelopmental scores in Bangladeshi infants living in poverty SO BMC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE IL-1 beta; IL-6; IL-4; Child development; Cognition; Fever; Inflammation; Motor; Neurodevelopment; Pro-inflammatory ID EXTREMELY PRETERM INFANTS; EARLY-CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; MENTAL-DEVELOPMENT; ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BRAIN-DAMAGE; CHILDREN; BEHAVIOR; IMPAIRMENT; INFECTION AB Background: An estimated one-third of children younger than 5 years in low-and middle-income countries fail to meet their full developmental potential. The first year of life is a period of critical brain development and is also when most of the morbidity from infection is suffered. We aimed to determine if clinical and biological markers of inflammation in the first year of life predict cognitive, language, and motor outcomes in children living in an urban slum in Bangladesh. Methods: Children living in Dhaka, Bangladesh were observed from birth until 24 months of age. Febrile illness was used as a clinical marker of inflammation and elevated concentrations of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-10) in sera collected from a subset of the cohort (N = 127) at 6 months of age were used as biomarkers of inflammation. Psychologists assessed cognitive, language, and motor development using a culturally adapted version of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) at 12 (N = 398) and 24 months of age (N = 210). We tested for the ability of febrile illness and elevated cytokine levels to predict developmental outcomes, independent of known predictors of stunting, family income, and maternal education. Results: Every additional 10 days of fever was associated with a 1.9 decrease in language composite score and a 2.1 decrease in motor composite score (p = 0.005 and 0.0002, respectively). Elevated levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta (> 7.06 pg/mL) and IL-6 (> 10.52 pg/mL) were significantly associated with a 4.9 and 4.3 decrease in motor score, respectively. Conversely, an elevated level of the Th-2 cytokine IL-4 (> 0.70 pg/mL) was associated with a 3.6 increase in cognitive score (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Clinical and biological markers of inflammation in the first year of life were significantly associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Conversely, a Th2-like response was associated with a better outcome. These findings suggest that markers of inflammation could serve as prognostic indicators and potentially lead to immune-based therapies to prevent developmental delays in at-risk children. C1 [Jiang, Nona M.; Moonah, Shannon N.; Scharf, Rebecca J.; Taniuchi, Mami; Houpt, Eric R.; Petri, William A., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Tofail, Fahmida; Hamadani, Jena D.; Gurley, Emily S.; Haque, Rashidul] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Scharf, Rebecca J.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Dev Pediat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Ma, Jennie Z.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Biostat, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Petri, WA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, POB 801340, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM wap3g@virginia.edu RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU NIH [AI-43596]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Centers for Disease Control FX We thank the children and their parents for their participation in this study. This research received support from NIH grant AI-43596 (WAP) and by support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and by the Centers for Disease Control. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2431 J9 BMC PEDIATR JI BMC Pediatr. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 50 DI 10.1186/1471-2431-14-50 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AG4RE UT WOS:000335407100003 PM 24548288 ER PT J AU Hocevar, SN Paddock, CD Spak, CW Rosenblatt, R Diaz-Luna, H Castillo, I Luna, S Friedman, GC Antony, S Stoddard, RA Tiller, RV Peterson, T Blau, DM Sriram, RR da Silva, A de Almeida, M Benedict, T Goldsmith, CS Zaki, SR Visvesvara, GS Kuehnert, MJ AF Hocevar, Susan N. Paddock, Christopher D. Spak, Cedric W. Rosenblatt, Randall Diaz-Luna, Hector Castillo, Isabel Luna, Sergio Friedman, Glen C. Antony, Suresh Stoddard, Robyn A. Tiller, Rebekah V. Peterson, Tammie Blau, Dianna M. Sriram, Rama R. da Silva, Alexandre de Almeida, Marcos Benedict, Theresa Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Zaki, Sherif R. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Kuehnert, Matthew J. CA Microsporidia Transplant Transmiss TI Microsporidiosis Acquired Through Solid Organ Transplantation A Public Health Investigation SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SUBUNIT RIBOSOMAL-RNA; IN-VITRO CULTURE; ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; ENTEROCYTOZOON-BIENEUSI; IMMUNOCOMPETENT SUBJECTS; PATIENT; AIDS; BRUCELLA; INFECTION AB Background: Encephalitozoon cuniculi, a microsporidial species most commonly recognized as a cause of renal, respiratory, and central nervous system, infections in immunosuppressed patients, was identified as the cause of a temporally associated cluster of febrile illness among 3 solid organ transplant recipients from a common donor. Objective: To confirm the source of the illness, assess donor and recipient risk factors, and provide therapy recommendations for ill recipients. Design: Public health investigation. Setting: Two transplant hospitals and community interview with the deceased donor's family. Patients: Three transplant recipients and the organ donor. Measurements: Specimens were tested for microsporidia by using culture, immunofluorescent antibody, polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Donor medical records were reviewed and a questionnaire was developed to assess for microsporidial infection. Results: Kidneys and lungs were procured from the deceased donor and transplanted to 3 recipients who became ill with fever 7 to 10 weeks after the transplant. Results of urine culture, serologic, and polymerase chain reaction testing were positive for E. cuniculi of genotype III in each recipient; the organism was also. identified in biopsy or autopsy specimens in all recipients. The donor had positive serologic test results for E. cuniculi. Surviving recipients received albendazole. Donor assessment did not identify factors for suspected E. cuniculi infection. Limitation: Inability to detect organism by culture or polymerase chain reaction in donor due to lack of autopsy specimens. Conclusion: Microsporidiosis is now recognized as an emerging transplant-associated disease and should be considered in febrile transplant recipients when tests for routinely encountered agents are unrevealing. Donor-derived disease is critical to assess when multiple recipients from a common donor are ill. C1 [Hocevar, Susan N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Southwest Transplant Alliance, Dallas, TX USA. Las Palmas Med Ctr, El Paso, TX USA. RP Hocevar, SN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgc7@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 43 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 160 IS 4 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.7326/M13-2226 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AB3BO UT WOS:000331666500001 PM 24727839 ER PT J AU Pearson, T Hornstra, HM Hilsabeck, R Gates, LT Olivas, SM Birdsell, DM Hall, CM German, S Cook, JM Seymour, ML Priestley, RA Kondas, AV Clark, CL Friedman, CLC Price, EP Schupp, JM Liu, CM Price, LB Massung, RF Kersh, GJ Keim, P AF Pearson, Talima Hornstra, Heidie M. Hilsabeck, Remy Gates, Lauren T. Olivas, Sonora M. Birdsell, Dawn M. Hall, Carina M. German, Sabrina Cook, James M. Seymour, Meagan L. Priestley, Rachael A. Kondas, Ashley V. Clark, Christine L. Friedman, Christine L. Clark Price, Erin P. Schupp, James M. Liu, Cindy M. Price, Lance B. Massung, Robert F. Kersh, Gilbert J. Keim, Paul TI High prevalence and two dominant host-specific genotypes of Coxiella burnetii in US milk SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coxiella burnetii; Q fever; Environmental detection; Genotyping; Phylogeography; Multispacer typing; SNP typing; Canonical SNP; CanSNP ID Q-FEVER OUTBREAK; REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; DAIRY-CATTLE; NETHERLANDS; SAMPLES; DNA; ABORTION AB Background: Coxiella burnetii causes Q fever in humans and Coxiellosis in animals; symptoms range from general malaise to fever, pneumonia, endocarditis and death. Livestock are a significant source of human infection as they shed C. burnetii cells in birth tissues, milk, urine and feces. Although prevalence of C. burnetii is high, few Q fever cases are reported in the U.S. and we have a limited understanding of their connectedness due to difficulties in genotyping. Here, we develop canonical SNP genotyping assays to evaluate spatial and temporal relationships among C. burnetii environmental samples and compare them across studies. Given the genotypic diversity of historical collections, we hypothesized that the current enzootic of Coxiellosis is caused by multiple circulating genotypes. We collected A) 23 milk samples from a single bovine herd, B) 134 commercial bovine and caprine milk samples from across the U. S., and C) 400 bovine and caprine samples from six milk processing plants over three years. Results: We detected C. burnetii DNA in 96% of samples with no variance over time. We genotyped 88.5% of positive samples; bovine milk contained only a single genotype (ST20) and caprine milk was dominated by a second type (mostly ST8). Conclusions: The high prevalence and lack of genotypic diversity is consistent with a model of rapid spread and persistence. The segregation of genotypes between host species is indicative of species-specific adaptations or dissemination barriers and may offer insights into the relative lack of human cases and characterizing genotypes. C1 [Pearson, Talima; Hornstra, Heidie M.; Hilsabeck, Remy; Gates, Lauren T.; Olivas, Sonora M.; Birdsell, Dawn M.; Hall, Carina M.; German, Sabrina; Cook, James M.; Seymour, Meagan L.; Friedman, Christine L. Clark; Price, Erin P.; Liu, Cindy M.; Keim, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Priestley, Rachael A.; Kondas, Ashley V.; Massung, Robert F.; Kersh, Gilbert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schupp, James M.; Liu, Cindy M.; Price, Lance B.; Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst, Pathogen Genom Div, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Pearson, T (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM talima.pearson@nau.edu OI Price, Erin/0000-0002-1079-4882 FU Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-C-00139]; Science Education Program from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute [52006323] FX We would like to thank our many friends, families and colleagues who sent us milk while traveling around the country. This work was supported by a grant from the Department of Homeland Security (HSHQDC-10-C-00139) to PK. AVK was supported by the Science Education Program Grant No. 52006323 from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to Washington and Jefferson College. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 27 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 41 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-14-41 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AG2SH UT WOS:000335266000003 PM 24533573 ER PT J AU Adam, BW Haynes, CA Chafin, DL De Jesus, VR AF Adam, B. W. Haynes, C. A. Chafin, D. L. De Jesus, V. R. TI Stabilities of intact hemoglobin molecules and hemoglobin peptides in dried blood samples SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Letter ID SPOTS C1 [Adam, B. W.; Haynes, C. A.; Chafin, D. L.; De Jesus, V. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Adam, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Mailstop F43,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BAdam@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 EI 1873-3492 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 429 BP 59 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2013.11.019 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA AB3HB UT WOS:000331680800014 PM 24275245 ER PT J AU Thompson, MG Li, DK Shifflett, P Sokolow, LZ Ferber, JR Kurosky, S Bozeman, S Reynolds, SB Odouli, R Henninger, ML Kauffman, TL Avalos, LA Ball, S Williams, JL Irving, SA Shay, DK Naleway, AL AF Thompson, Mark G. Li, De-Kun Shifflett, Pat Sokolow, Leslie Z. Ferber, Jeannette R. Kurosky, Samantha Bozeman, Sam Reynolds, Sue B. Odouli, Roxana Henninger, Michelle L. Kauffman, Tia L. Avalos, Lyndsay A. Ball, Sarah Williams, Jennifer L. Irving, Stephanie A. Shay, David K. Naleway, Allison L. CA Pregnancy Influenza Project TI Effectiveness of Seasonal Trivalent Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Influenza Virus Illness Among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Case-Control Study During the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 Influenza Seasons SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; influenza vaccines; vaccine effectiveness; pregnancy; acute respiratory illness ID TEST-NEGATIVE DESIGN; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; INFANTS; PROTECTION; RESPONSES; COVERAGE; EFFICACY; CIRCULATION; INFECTION AB Background. Although vaccination with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) is recommended for all pregnant women, no vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies of TIV in pregnant women have assessed laboratory-confirmed influenza outcomes. Methods. We conducted a case-control study over 2 influenza seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012) among Kaiser Permanente health plan members in 2 metropolitan areas in California and Oregon. We compared the proportion vaccinated among 100 influenza cases (confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) with the proportions vaccinated among 192 controls with acute respiratory illness (ARI) who tested negative for influenza and 200 controls without ARI (matched by season, site, and trimester). Results. Among influenza cases, 42% were vaccinated during the study season compared to 58% and 63% vaccinated among influenza-negative controls and matched ARI-negative controls, respectively. The adjusted VE of the current season vaccine against influenza A and B was 44% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5%-67%) using the influenza-negative controls and 53% (95% CI, 24%-72%) using the ARI-negative controls. Receipt of the prior season's vaccine, however, had an effect similar to receipt of the current season's vaccine. As such, vaccination in either or both seasons had statistically similar adjusted VE using influenza-negative controls (VE point estimates range = 51%-76%) and ARI-negative controls (48%-76%). Conclusions. Influenza vaccination reduced the risk of ARI associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza among pregnant women by about one-half, similar to VE observed among all adults during these seasons. C1 [Thompson, Mark G.; Sokolow, Leslie Z.; Reynolds, Sue B.; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, De-Kun; Ferber, Jeannette R.; Odouli, Roxana; Avalos, Lyndsay A.] Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Li, De-Kun] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Shifflett, Pat; Bozeman, Sam; Ball, Sarah] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sokolow, Leslie Z.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kurosky, Samantha; Henninger, Michelle L.; Kauffman, Tia L.; Irving, Stephanie A.; Naleway, Allison L.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Williams, Jennifer L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thompson, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isq8@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Irving, Stephanie/0000-0001-7437-6797; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU CDC [200-2010-F-33132] FX This work was supported by the CDC (contract 200-2010-F-33132 to Abt Associates Inc). NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 4 BP 449 EP 457 DI 10.1093/cid/cit750 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AA4WQ UT WOS:000331097800003 PM 24280090 ER PT J AU Saito, M Goel-Apaza, S Espetia, S Velasquez, D Cabrera, L Loli, S Crabtree, JE Black, RE Kosek, M Checkley, W Zimic, M Bern, C Cama, V Gilman, RH AF Saito, Mayuko Goel-Apaza, Sonia Espetia, Susan Velasquez, Daniel Cabrera, Lilia Loli, Sebastian Crabtree, Jean E. Black, Robert E. Kosek, Margaret Checkley, William Zimic, Mirko Bern, Caryn Cama, Vitaliano Gilman, Robert H. CA Norovirus Working Grp Peru TI Multiple Norovirus Infections in a Birth Cohort in a Peruvian Periurban Community SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE norovirus; infant diarrhea; gastroenteritis; birth cohort; natural infection ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; TIME RT-PCR; ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS; ROTAVIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN CALICIVIRUSES; INTESTINAL DISEASE; VIRAL LOAD; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN AB Background. Human noroviruses are among the most common enteropathogens globally, and are a leading cause of infant diarrhea in developing countries. However, data measuring the impact of norovirus at the community level are sparse. Methods. We followed a birth cohort of children to estimate norovirus infection and diarrhea incidence in a Peruvian community. Stool samples from diarrheal episodes and randomly selected nondiarrheal samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction for norovirus genogroup and genotype. Excretion duration and rotavirus coinfection were evaluated in a subset of episodes. Results. Two hundred twenty and 189 children were followed to 1 and 2 years of age, respectively. By 1 year, 80% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75%-85%) experienced at least 1 norovirus infection and by 2 years, 71% (95% CI, 65%-77%) had at least 1 episode of norovirus-associated diarrhea. Genogroup II (GII) infections were 3 times more frequent than genogroup 1 (GI) infections. Eighteen genotypes were found; GII genotype 4 accounted for 41%. Median excretion duration was 34.5 days for GII vs 8.5 days for GI infection (P=.0006). Repeat infections by the same genogroup were common, but repeat infections by the same genotype were rare. Mean length-for-age z score at 12 months was lower among children with prior norovirus infection compared to uninfected children (coefficient: -0.33 [95% CI, -.65 to -.01]; P=.04); the effect persisted at 24 months. Conclusions. Norovirus infection occurs early in life and children experience serial infections with multiple genotypes, suggesting genotype-specific immunity. An effective vaccine would have a substantial impact on morbidity, but may need to target multiple genotypes. C1 [Saito, Mayuko; Goel-Apaza, Sonia; Espetia, Susan; Loli, Sebastian; Zimic, Mirko; Gilman, Robert H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias & Filosofia, Lab Invest & Desarrollo, Lima, Peru. [Saito, Mayuko] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Saito, Mayuko; Cabrera, Lilia; Kosek, Margaret; Checkley, William; Zimic, Mirko; Gilman, Robert H.] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Velasquez, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, NCIRD, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crabtree, Jean E.] Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Mol Med, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Black, Robert E.; Kosek, Margaret; Checkley, William; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Bern, Caryn] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilman, RH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St,Rm W5515, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM rgilman@jhsph.edu FU European Union [CONTENT INCO CT 2006 032136]; Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Project; CDC FX This work was supported by the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union, Project CONTENT INCO CT 2006 032136, Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Project, and the CDC. NR 34 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 4 BP 483 EP 491 DI 10.1093/cid/cit763 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AA4WQ UT WOS:000331097800007 PM 24300042 ER PT J AU Lopman, B Kang, G AF Lopman, Ben Kang, Gagandeep TI In Praise of Birth Cohorts: Norovirus Infection, Disease, and Immunity SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE norovirus; rotavirus; cohort study; immunity; vaccines ID HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN; ROTAVIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; INFANTS; BURDEN C1 [Lopman, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Wellcome Trust Res Lab, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 4 BP 492 EP 494 DI 10.1093/cid/cit785 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AA4WQ UT WOS:000331097800008 PM 24300039 ER PT J AU Mues, KE Esposito, DH Han, PV Jentes, ES Sotir, MJ Brown, C AF Mues, Katherine E. Esposito, Douglas H. Han, Pauline V. Jentes, Emily S. Sotir, Mark J. Brown, Clive TI Analyzing GeoSentinel Surveillance Data: A Comparison of Methods to Explore Acute Gastrointestinal Illness Among International Travelers SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE case-control studies; control groups; gastrointestinal diseases; sentinel surveillance; travel ID ILL RETURNED TRAVELERS; NETWORK; DISEASE; EXPERIENCE; SPECTRUM; PATTERNS; RATIO AB GeoSentinel is a global surveillance network of travel medicine clinics that collect data from ill international travelers. Analyses have relied on proportionate morbidity calculations, but proportionate morbidity cannot estimate disease risk because healthy travelers are not included in the denominator. The authors evaluated the use of a case-control design, controlling for GeoSentinel site and date of clinic visit, to calculate a reporting odds ratio (ROR). The association between region of travel and acute gastrointestinal illness was evaluated. All analyses found that the association with acute gastrointestinal illness was greatest among those who traveled to North Africa and South-Central Asia. There was consistency in the magnitude of the ROR and proportionate morbidity ratio (PMR) in regions such as the Caribbean. However, in other regions, the matched ROR was noticeably different than the PMR. The case-control ROR may be preferred for single-disease/syndrome analytical studies using GeoSentinel surveillance data or other surveillance data. C1 [Mues, Katherine E.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mues, Katherine E.] Emory Univ, Laney Grad Sch, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Esposito, Douglas H.; Han, Pauline V.; Jentes, Emily S.; Sotir, Mark J.; Brown, Clive] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mues, KE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,MS 1518-002-4AA SPH Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kmues@emory.edu FU Laney Graduate School, Emory University; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U50CK000189] FX This work was supported by the Laney Graduate School, Emory University (to K. E. M.) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5U50CK000189). NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 4 BP 546 EP 554 DI 10.1093/cid/cit746 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AA4WQ UT WOS:000331097800019 PM 24253244 ER PT J AU Lopman, B Simmons, K Gambhir, M Vinje, J Parashar, U AF Lopman, Ben Simmons, Kirsten Gambhir, Manoj Vinje, Jan Parashar, Umesh TI Epidemiologic Implications of Asymptomatic Reinfection: A Mathematical Modeling Study of Norovirus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asymptomatic infection; case-control study; immunity; incidence; modeling; norovirus ID INFECTIOUS INTESTINAL DISEASE; GLOBAL ENTERIC MULTICENTER; NORWALK VIRUS-INFECTION; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; DIAGNOSING ROTAVIRUS; HUMAN CALICIVIRUSES; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; ATTRIBUTABLE RISK; VIRAL LOAD; CHILDREN AB The pathogenicity of norovirus is definitively established. However, norovirus is frequently detected in the stool of healthy individuals. To gain understanding of the apparent high prevalence of asymptomatic infection, we analyzed a dynamic transmission model of norovirus infection, disease, and immunity. We simulated norovirus epidemiology in low- and high-transmission settings by varying the basic reproduction number (R-0). We predicted annual disease incidence values in children aged 04 years of 25 with a low R-0 and 29 with a high R-0. However, the point prevalence of asymptomatic infection rose sharply from 3 to 48 from the low to high R-0 settings. Among older children and adults, the models projected that incidence of disease would rise from 6 to 16 from the low to high R-0 settings, whereas asymptomatic infection prevalence was lower in this age group. Asymptomatic prevalence of norovirus can change dramatically with small changes in R-0. The ratio of prevalence in cases to controls could be high in a developed country and close to or even less than 1 in a high-exposure setting, despite similar disease incidence. These findings highlight an important limitation of case-control studies for pathogens for which there is suboptimal diagnostic specificity. C1 [Lopman, Ben; Simmons, Kirsten; Gambhir, Manoj; Vinje, Jan; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lopman, Ben; Simmons, Kirsten] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC Ctr Outbreaks Anal & Modelling, London, England. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 179 IS 4 BP 507 EP 512 DI 10.1093/aje/kwt287 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7FY UT WOS:000331264100014 PM 24305574 ER PT J AU Zaki, S Blau, DM Hughes, JM Nolte, KB Lynfield, R Carr, W Popovic, T AF Zaki, Sherif Blau, Dianna M. Hughes, James M. Nolte, Kurt B. Lynfield, Ruth Carr, Wendy Popovic, Tanja TI CDC Grand Rounds: Discovering New Diseases via Enhanced Partnership Between Public Health and Pathology Experts SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; ORGAN-TRANSPLANTATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; MED-X; SURVEILLANCE; BIOTERRORISM; TRANSMISSION; VIRUS C1 [Zaki, Sherif; Blau, Dianna M.] CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hughes, James M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nolte, Kurt B.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Off Med Investigator, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. [Carr, Wendy] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Popovic, Tanja] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Popovic, T (reprint author), CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tpopovic@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7EN UT WOS:000331260200001 PM 24522095 ER PT J AU Patel, MM Datu, B Roman, D Barton, MB Ritchey, MD Wall, HK Loustalot, F AF Patel, Milesh M. Datu, Bennett Roman, Dan Barton, Mary B. Ritchey, Matthew D. Wall, Hilary K. Loustalot, Fleetwood TI Progress of Health Plans Toward Meeting the Million Hearts Clinical Target for High Blood Pressure Control - United States, 2010-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HYPERTENSION; STROKE; ASSOCIATION; AWARENESS; ADULTS C1 [Patel, Milesh M.; Datu, Bennett; Roman, Dan; Barton, Mary B.] Natl Comm Qual Assurance, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Ritchey, Matthew D.; Wall, Hilary K.; Loustalot, Fleetwood] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Natl Comm Qual Assurance, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM patel@ncqa.org NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 127 EP 130 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7EN UT WOS:000331260200002 PM 24522096 ER PT J AU Langley, R Hirsch, A McDaniel, J Lott, V Shehee, M Migit, S Dulaney, AR Negron, J Fleischauer, A AF Langley, Ricky Hirsch, Anne McDaniel, Jesse Lott, Valerie Shehee, Mina Migit, Samantha Dulaney, Anna Rouse Negron, Jose Fleischauer, Aaron TI Elemental Mercury Spill in School Bus and Residence - North Carolina, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Langley, Ricky; Hirsch, Anne; McDaniel, Jesse; Lott, Valerie; Shehee, Mina] CDC, North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Migit, Samantha] CDC, Iredell Cty Hlth Dept, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dulaney, Anna Rouse] CDC, Carolinas Poison Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Negron, Jose] CDC, US EPA, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleischauer, Aaron] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Langley, R (reprint author), CDC, North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rick.langley@dhhs.nc.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 131 EP 131 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7EN UT WOS:000331260200003 PM 24522097 ER PT J AU Heiman, KE Karlsson, M Grass, J Howie, B Kirkcaldy, RD Mahon, B Brooks, JT Bowen, A AF Heiman, Katherine E. Karlsson, Maria Grass, Julian Howie, Becca Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Mahon, Barbara Brooks, John T. Bowen, Anna TI Shigella with Decreased Susceptibility to Azithromycin Among Men Who Have Sex with Men - United States, 2002-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SONNEI C1 [Heiman, Katherine E.; Karlsson, Maria; Grass, Julian; Howie, Becca; Mahon, Barbara; Bowen, Anna] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brooks, John T.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bowen, A (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM abowen@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 132 EP 133 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7EN UT WOS:000331260200004 PM 24522098 ER PT J AU Williams, SE Vellozzi, C Edwards, KM Moore, KL Sharma, D Creech, CB AF Williams, S. Elizabeth Vellozzi, Claudia Edwards, Kathryn M. Moore, Kelly L. Sharma, Devindra Creech, Clarence B. TI Evaluation of the feasibility of a state-based vaccine safety advice network SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Adverse events following immunization AB The vaccine safety advice network is a collaborative pilot project between Vanderbilt University Medical Center, the Tennessee Department of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to assess the feasibility of addressing vaccine safety questions posed by healthcare providers in near real-time. Using a two-tier response system and an electronic database for query submission, the pilot project received ten queries in three and one half months. Two of three pre-specified benchmarks for program evaluation, addressing queries within 24 h of receipt and 100% provider satisfaction, were met; one benchmark, the percentage of questions addressed by Tier 1 staff, was not met. Limitations included few submitted queries primarily involving children in the pilot period, "after-only" program evaluation, and limited geographic generalizability. The study demonstrates a successful partnership between federal, state and academic institutions and a feasible method to respond to healthcare provider inquiries about vaccine safety in near real-time. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Williams, S. Elizabeth; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Creech, Clarence B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Sharma, Devindra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, S. Elizabeth; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Creech, Clarence B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Moore, Kelly L.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Tennessee Immunizat Program, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. RP Williams, SE (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Gen Pediat, 301D Oxford House,1313 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM elizabeth.williams@vanderbilt.edu FU America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) from CDC [200-2002-00732] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from CDC. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 12 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 8 BP 901 EP 903 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.062 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AB0VM UT WOS:000331510200002 PM 24412301 ER PT J AU Brown, LJ Rosatte, RC Fehlner-Gardiner, C Bachmann, P Ellison, JA Jackson, FR Taylor, JS Davies, C Donovan, D AF Brown, L. J. Rosatte, R. C. Fehlner-Gardiner, C. Bachmann, P. Ellison, J. A. Jackson, F. R. Taylor, J. S. Davies, C. Donovan, D. TI Oral vaccination and protection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) against rabies using ONRAB (R), an adenovirus-rabies recombinant vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human adenovirus serotype 5; Immune response; ONRAB (R); Oral rabies vaccination; Rabies control; Rabies virus challenge; Red fox; Vulpes vulpes ID RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; ARCTIC-VARIANT RABIES; BHK-21 CELL-LINE; STRIPED SKUNKS; VIRUS-VACCINE; AERIAL DISTRIBUTION; MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; FIELD PERFORMANCE; SYLVATIC RABIES; BAITING SYSTEM AB Twenty-seven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were each offered a bait containing ONRAB (R), a recombinant oral rabies vaccine that uses a human adenovirus vector to express the immunogenic rabies virus glycoprotein; 10 controls received no vaccine baits. Serum samples collected from all foxes before treatment, and each week post-treatment for 16 weeks, were tested for the presence of rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA). In the bait group, a fox was considered a responder to vaccination if serum samples from 3 or more consecutive weeks had RVNA >= 0.5 IU/ml. Using this criterion, 79% of adult foxes (11/14) and 46% of juveniles (6/13) responded to vaccination with ONRAB (R). Serum RVNA of adults first tested positive (>= 0.5 IU/ml between weeks 1 and 3, about 4 weeks earlier than in juveniles. Adults also responded with higher levels of RVNA and these levels were maintained longer. Serum samples from juveniles tested positive for 1-4 consecutive weeks; in adults the range was 2-15 weeks, with almost half of adults maintaining titres above 0.5 IU/ml for 9 or more consecutive weeks. Based on the kinetics of the antibody response to ONRAB (R), the best time to sample sera of wild adult foxes for evidence of vaccination is 7-11 weeks following bait distribution. Thirty-four foxes (25 ONRAB (R), 9 controls) were challenged with vulpine street virus 547 days post-vaccination. All controls developed rabies whereas eight of 13 adult vaccinates (62%) and four of 12 juvenile vaccinates (33%) survived. All foxes classed as non-responders to vaccination developed rabies. Of foxes considered responders to vaccination, 80% of adults (8/10) and 67% of juveniles (4/6) survived challenge. The duration of immunity conferred to foxes would appear adequate for bi-annual and annual bait distribution schedules as vaccinates were challenged 1.5 years post-vaccination. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Brown, L. J.; Rosatte, R. C.; Bachmann, P.; Taylor, J. S.; Davies, C.; Donovan, D.] Trent Univ, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Fehlner-Gardiner, C.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ctr Expertise Rabies, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Ellison, J. A.; Jackson, F. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Brown, LJ (reprint author), Trent Univ, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, DNA Bldg,2140 East Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. EM lucy.brown@ontario.ca FU Ontario Rabies Advisory Committee FX We would like to thank staff of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Canadian Food Inspection Agency for animal care, and field and laboratory technical assistance: Erin Scharf, Tara Mac-Donald, Andrea Clark, and Bharat Bongale. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of CDC staff responsible for animal care and all aspects of the challenge portion of this study. Andrew Beresford and Al Beath at Artemis Technologies Inc. prepared the vaccine baits used in this study and Beverly Stevenson and Kim Bennett commented on an early draft of the manuscript. This project was supported by the Ontario Rabies Advisory Committee (Jim Broadfoot, Chair). NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 12 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 8 BP 984 EP 989 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.015 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AB0VM UT WOS:000331510200015 PM 24374501 ER PT J AU Wright, JG Plikaytis, BD Rose, CE Parker, SD Babcock, J Keitel, W El Sahly, H Poland, GA Jacobson, RM Keyserling, HL Semenova, VA Li, H Schiffer, J Dababneh, H Martin, SK Martin, SW Marano, N Messonnier, NE Quinn, CP AF Wright, Jennifer G. Plikaytis, Brian D. Rose, Charles E. Parker, Scott D. Babcock, Janiine Keitel, Wendy El Sahly, Hana Poland, Gregory A. Jacobson, Robert M. Keyserling, Harry L. Semenova, Vera A. Li, Han Schiffer, Jarad Dababneh, Hanan Martin, Sandra K. Martin, Stacey W. Marano, Nina Messonnier, Nancy E. Quinn, Conrad P. TI Effect of reduced dose schedules and intramuscular injection of anthrax vaccine adsorbed on immunological response and safety profile: A randomized trial SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Anthrax vaccines; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial vaccines; Vaccination; Adverse events ID LETHAL TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION; SIDED TESTS PROCEDURE; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; RHESUS MACAQUES; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; INHALATION ANTHRAX; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; GUINEA-PIGS; IMMUNOGENICITY AB Objective: We evaluated an alternative administration route, reduced schedule priming series, and increased intervals between booster doses for anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA). AVA's originally licensed schedule was 6 subcutaneous (SQ) priming injections administered at months (m) 0, 0.5, 1, 6, 12 and 18 with annual boosters; a simpler schedule is desired. Methods: Through a multicenter randomized, double blind, non-inferiority Phase IV human clinical trial, the originally licensed schedule was compared to four alternative and two placebo schedules. 8-SQgroup participants received 6 SQ injections with m30 and m42 "annual" boosters; participants in the 8-IM group received intramuscular (IM) injections according to the same schedule. Reduced schedule groups (7-IM, 5-IM, 4-IM) received IM injections at m0, m1, m6; at least one of the m0.5, m12, m18, m30 vaccine doses were replaced with saline. All reduced schedule groups received a m42 booster. Post-injection blood draws were taken two to four weeks following injection. Non-inferiority of the alternative schedules was compared to the 8-SQ group at m2, m7, and m43. Reactogenicity outcomes were proportions of injection site and systemic adverse events (AEs). Results: The 8-IM group's m2 response was non-inferior to the 8-SQgroup for the three primary endpoints of anti-protective antigen IgG geometric mean concentration (GMC), geometric mean titer, and proportion of responders with a 4-fold rise in titer. At m7 anti-PA IgG GMCs for the three reduced dosage groups were non-inferior to the 8-SQ group GMCs. At m43, 8-IM, 5-IM, and 4-IM group GMCs were superior to the 8-SQ group. Solicited injection site AEs occurred at lower proportions in the IM group compared to SQ. Route of administration did not influence the occurrence of systemic AEs. A 3 dose IM priming schedule with doses administered at m0, m1, and m6 elicited long term immunological responses and robust immunological memory that was efficiently stimulated by a single booster vaccination at 42 months. Conclusions: A priming series of 3 intramuscular doses administered at m0, m1, and m6 with a triennial booster was non-inferior to more complex schedules for achieving antibody response. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wright, Jennifer G.; Plikaytis, Brian D.; Rose, Charles E.; Semenova, Vera A.; Li, Han; Schiffer, Jarad; Dababneh, Hanan; Martin, Sandra K.; Martin, Stacey W.; Marano, Nina; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Parker, Scott D.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Alabama Vaccine Res Clin, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Babcock, Janiine] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Keitel, Wendy; El Sahly, Hana] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Keitel, Wendy; El Sahly, Hana] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Poland, Gregory A.; Jacobson, Robert M.] Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Keyserling, Harry L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Wright, JG (reprint author), Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgwright@cdc.gov OI Babcock, Janiine/0000-0002-9007-880X; Jacobson, Robert/0000-0002-6355-8752 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The study was funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 12 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1019 EP 1028 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.039 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AB0VM UT WOS:000331510200020 PM 24373307 ER PT J AU Khagayi, S Tate, JE Onkoba, R Parashar, U Odhiambo, F Burton, D Laserson, K Feikin, DR AF Khagayi, Sammy Tate, Jacqueline E. Onkoba, Reuben Parashar, Umesh Odhiambo, Frank Burton, Deron Laserson, Kayla Feikin, Daniel R. TI A sham case-control study of effectiveness of DTP-Hib-hepatitis B vaccine against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis in Kenya SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus; Case-control; Vaccine effectiveness ID WESTERN KENYA; DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; MORTALITY; DIARRHEA; DISEASE; POPULATION; NICARAGUA AB Background: In many GAVI-eligible countries, effectiveness of new vaccines will be evaluated by case-control methodology. To inform the design and assess selection bias of a future case-control study of rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) in western Kenya, we performed a sham case-control study evaluating VE of pentavalent vaccine (DTP-Hib-HepB) against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Methods: From ongoing rotavirus surveillance, we defined cases as children 12 weeks to 23 months old with EIA-confirmed rotavirus AGE. We enrolled one community-based and two hospital-based control groups. We collected vaccination status from cards at enrollment, or later in homes, and evaluated VE by logistic regression. Results: We enrolled 91 cases (64 inpatient, 27 outpatient), 252 non-rotavirus AGE facility-based controls (unmatched), 203 non-AGE-facility-based controls (age-matched) and 271 community controls (age-matched). Documented receipt of 3 pentavalent doses was 77% among cases and ranged from 81-86% among controls. One percent of cases and 0-2% of controls had no pentavalent doses. The adjusted odds ratio of three versus zero doses for being a case was 3.27 (95% CI 0.01-1010) for community controls and 0.69 (95% CI 0.06-7.75) for non-rotavirus hospital-based AGE controls, translating to VE of -227% and 31%, respectively, with wide confidence intervals. (No facility-based non-AGE controls were unvaccinated.) Similar results were found for >= 2 pentavalent doses and for severe rotavirus AGE. Conclusions: The study showed that it is feasible to carry out a real case control in the study area, but this needs to be done as soon as the vaccine is introduced to capture the real impact. Sham case-control or pilot studies before vaccine introduction can be useful in designing case-control VE studies. C1 [Khagayi, Sammy; Onkoba, Reuben; Odhiambo, Frank; Burton, Deron; Laserson, Kayla; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burton, Deron; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Global Dis Detect Div, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Khagayi, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. EM skhagayi@kemricdc.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD FEB 11 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 77 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-14-77 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AC6IB UT WOS:000332624000002 PM 24517198 ER PT J AU MacDonald, LA Pulley, L Hein, MJ Howard, VJ AF MacDonald, Leslie A. Pulley, LeaVonne Hein, Misty J. Howard, Virginia J. TI Methods and feasibility of collecting occupational data for a large population-based cohort study in the United States: the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Occupations; Occupational exposure; Stressful events; Social class; Cohort studies; Epidemiologic methods; Data collection; Stroke; Cardiovascular disease ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; WORK; JOB; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; RISK; PREVENTION AB Background: Coronary heart disease and stroke are major contributors to preventable mortality. Evidence links work conditions to these diseases; however, occupational data are perceived to be difficult to collect for large population-based cohorts. We report methodological details and the feasibility of conducting an occupational ancillary study for a large U.S. prospective cohort being followed longitudinally for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Methods: Current and historical occupational information were collected from active participants of the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. A survey was designed to gather quality occupational data among this national cohort of black and white men and women aged 45 years and older (enrolled 2003-2007). Trained staff conducted Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI). After a brief pilot period, interviewers received additional training in the collection of narrative industry and occupation data before administering the survey to remaining cohort members. Trained coders used a computer-assisted coding system to assign U.S. Census codes for industry and occupation. All data were double coded; discrepant codes were independently resolved. Results: Over a 2-year period, 17,648 participants provided consent and completed the occupational survey (87% response rate). A total of 20,427 jobs were assigned Census codes. Inter-rater reliability was 80% for industry and 74% for occupation. Less than 0.5% of the industry and occupation data were uncodable, compared with 12% during the pilot period. Concordance between the current and longest-held jobs was moderately high. The median time to collect employment status plus narrative and descriptive job information by CATI was 1.6 to 2.3 minutes per job. Median time to assign Census codes was 1.3 minutes per rater. Conclusions: The feasibility of conducting high-quality occupational data collection and coding for a large heterogeneous population-based sample was demonstrated. We found that training for interview staff was important in ensuring that narrative responses for industry and occupation were adequately specified for coding. Estimates of survey administration time and coding from digital records provide an objective basis for planning future studies. The social and environmental conditions of work are important understudied risk factors that can be feasibly integrated into large population-based health studies. C1 [MacDonald, Leslie A.; Hein, Misty J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Pulley, LeaVonne] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Publ Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Howard, Virginia J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP MacDonald, LA (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM LMacDonald@cdc.gov OI MacDonald, Leslie/0000-0003-3967-534X FU National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [U01 NS041588]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This REGARDS research project is supported by cooperative agreement U01 NS041588 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. The occupational ancillary study is supported by intramural funding by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD FEB 10 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 142 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-142 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AC7NR UT WOS:000332716900002 PM 24512119 ER PT J AU Gnanguenon, V Azondekon, R Oke-Agbo, F Beach, R Akogbeto, M AF Gnanguenon, Virgile Azondekon, Roseric Oke-Agbo, Frederic Beach, Raymond Akogbeto, Martin TI Durability assessment results suggest a serviceable life of two, rather than three, years for the current long-lasting insecticidal (mosquito) net (LLIN) intervention in Benin SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Long-lasting Insecticidal Net (LLIN); Survivorship; Fabric integrity; LLIN intervention serviceable life; Durability ID DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM; PHYSICAL CONDITION; WESTERN KENYA; TREATED NETS; AFRICA; UGANDA AB Background: LLIN distribution, every three years, is a key intervention of Benin's malaria control strategy. However, data from the field indicate that LLIN lifespan appears to vary based on both intrinsic (to the LLIN) and extrinsic factors. Methods: We monitored two indicators of LLIN durability, survivorship and integrity, to validate the three-year-serviceable-life assumption. Interviews with net owners were used to identify factors associated with loss of integrity. Results: Observed survivorship, after 18 months, was significantly less (p<0.0001) than predicted, based on the assumption that nets last three years. Instead, it was closer to predicted survivorship based on a two-year LLIN serviceable life assumption (p=0.03). Furthermore, the integrity of nearly one third of 'surviving' nets was so degraded that they were in need of replacement. Five factors: washing frequency, proximity to water for washing, location of kitchen, type of cooking fuel, and low net maintenance were associated with loss of fabric integrity. Conclusion: A two-year serviceable life for the current LLIN intervention in Benin would be a more realistic program assumption. C1 [Gnanguenon, Virgile; Azondekon, Roseric; Oke-Agbo, Frederic; Akogbeto, Martin] Ctr Rech Entomolog Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin. [Gnanguenon, Virgile; Akogbeto, Martin] Univ Abomey Calavi, Fac Sci & Tech, Abomey Calavi, Benin. [Azondekon, Roseric] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Beach, Raymond] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gnanguenon, V (reprint author), Ctr Rech Entomolog Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin. EM amerusangel@yahoo.fr FU President's Malaria Initiative via the Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development FX Our thanks are addressed to the Village Health Workers, Benin National Malaria Control Program. This research was made possible through support provided by the President's Malaria Initiative via the Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD FEB 8 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 69 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-14-69 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AA6KR UT WOS:000331207700002 PM 24507444 ER PT J AU Whiteside, YO Cohen, SM Bradley, H Skarbinski, J Hall, HI Lansky, A AF Whiteside, Y. Omar Cohen, Stacy M. Bradley, Heather Skarbinski, Jacek Hall, H. Irene Lansky, Amy TI Progress Along the Continuum of HIV Care Among Blacks with Diagnosed HIV-United States, 2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Whiteside, Y. Omar; Cohen, Stacy M.; Bradley, Heather; Skarbinski, Jacek; Hall, H. Irene; Lansky, Amy] CDC, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIVAIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Whiteside, YO (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIVAIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ywhiteside@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300002 PM 24500286 ER PT J AU Peters, PJ Gay, C Beagle, S Shankar, A Switzer, WM Hightow-Weidman, LB AF Peters, Philip J. Gay, Cindy Beagle, Steve Shankar, Anupama Switzer, William M. Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B. TI HIV Infection Among Partners of HIV-Infected Black Men Who Have Sex with Men - North Carolina, 2011-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; WHITE MEN; DISPARITIES; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; RISK C1 [Peters, Philip J.; Shankar, Anupama; Switzer, William M.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIVAIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gay, Cindy; Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Beagle, Steve] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Peters, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIVAIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pjpeters@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410] NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 90 EP 94 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300003 PM 24500287 ER PT J AU Williams, WW Lu, PJ O'Halloran, A Bridges, CB Pilishvili, T Hales, CM Markowitz, LE AF Williams, Walter W. Lu, Peng-Jun O'Halloran, Alissa Bridges, Carolyn B. Pilishvili, Tamara Hales, Craig M. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Noninfluenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults - United States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Williams, Walter W.; Lu, Peng-Jun; O'Halloran, Alissa; Bridges, Carolyn B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pilishvili, Tamara] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hales, Craig M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Williams, WW (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM www1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 97 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 95 EP 102 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300004 PM 24500288 ER PT J AU Perry, RT Gacic-Dobo, M Dabbagh, A Mulders, MN Strebel, PM Okwo-Bele, JM Rota, PA Goodson, JL AF Perry, Robert T. Gacic-Dobo, Marta Dabbagh, Alya Mulders, Mick N. Strebel, Peter M. Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie Rota, Paul A. Goodson, James L. TI Global Control and Regional Elimination of Measles, 2000-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Perry, Robert T.; Gacic-Dobo, Marta; Dabbagh, Alya; Mulders, Mick N.; Strebel, Peter M.; Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Rota, Paul A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goodson, James L.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM jgoodson@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 103 EP 107 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300005 PM 24500289 ER PT J AU Akinsanya-Beysolow, L AF Akinsanya-Beysolow, Lyabode CA ACIP ACIP Child Adolescent Immunization TI Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedules for Persons Aged 0 Through 18 Years - United States, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Akinsanya-Beysolow, Lyabode] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Akinsanya-Beysolow, L (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM htr5@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 108 EP 109 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300006 ER PT J AU Bridges, CB Coyne-Beasley, T AF Bridges, Carolyn B. Coyne-Beasley, Tamera CA ACIP ACIP Adult Immunization Work Grp TI Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older - United States, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; BARRIERS C1 [Bridges, Carolyn B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Coyne-Beasley, Tamera] Univ N Carolina, Div Gen Pediat & Adolescent Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Bridges, CB (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbridges@cdc.gov OI Tan, Litjen/0000-0001-9054-6696; Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 110 EP 112 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300007 PM 24500291 ER PT J AU Sauber-Schatz, EK West, BA Bergen, G AF Sauber-Schatz, Erin K. West, Bethany A. Bergen, Gwen TI Vital Signs: Restraint Use and Motor Vehicle Occupant Death Rates Among Children Aged 0-12-Years United States, 2002-2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SEATS AB Background: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death among children in the United States. Age- and size-appropriate child restraint use is the most effective method for reducing these deaths. Methods: CDC analyzed 2002-2011 data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System to determine the number and rate of motor-vehicle occupant deaths, and the proportion of unrestrained child deaths among children aged < 1 year, 1-3 years, 4-7 years, 8-12 years, and for all children aged 0-12 years. Age group specific death rates and proportions of unrestrained child motor vehicle deaths for 2009-2010 were further stratified by race/ethnicity. Results: Motor vehicle occupant death rates for children declined significantly from 2002 to 2011. However, one third (33%) of children who died in 2011 were unrestrained. Compared with white children for 2009-2010, black children had significantly higher death rates, and black and Hispanic children both had significantly higher proportions of unrestrained child deaths. Condusions: Motor vehicle occupant deaths among children in the United States have declined in the past decade, but more deaths could be prevented if restraints were always used. Implications for Public Health: Effective interventions, including child passenger restraint laws (with child safety seat/booster seat coverage through at least age 8 years) and child safety seat distribution plus education programs, can increase restraint use and reduce child motor vehicle deaths. C1 [Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.; West, Bethany A.; Bergen, Gwen] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sauber-Schatz, EK (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM esauberschatz@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 113 EP 118 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA5PY UT WOS:000331153300008 PM 24500292 ER PT J AU Bender, TJ Sharapov, U Utah, O Xing, J Hu, D Rybczynska, J Drobeniuc, J Kamili, S Spradling, PR Moorman, AC AF Bender, Thomas John Sharapov, Umid Utah, Okey Xing, Jian Hu, Dale Rybczynska, Jolanta Drobeniuc, Jan Kamili, Saleem Spradling, Philip R. Moorman, Anne C. TI Hepatitis B vaccine immunogenicity among adults vaccinated during an outbreak response in an assisted living facility-Virginia, 2010 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B; HBV; Vaccination; Age; Neuropsychiatric ID SEVERE MENTAL-ILLNESS; BLOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS; VIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; RESIDENTS; GLUCOSE; RISK; CARE; HEALTH AB Background: Failure to adhere to infection control guidelines, especially during assisted monitoring of blood glucose, has caused multiple hepatitis B outbreaks in assisted living facilities (ALFs). In conjunction with the response to such an outbreak at an ALF ("Facility X") where most residents had neuropsychiatric disorders, we evaluated seroprotection rates conferred by hepatitis B vaccine and assessed the influence of demographic factors on vaccine response. Methods: Residents were screened for hepatitis B and C infection, and those susceptible were vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B with one dose of TWINRIX (TM) (GSK) given at 0, 1, and 7 months. Blood samples were collected 1-2 months after receipt of the third vaccine dose to test for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). Results: Of the 27 residents who had post-vaccination blood specimens collected, 22 (81%) achieved anti-HBs concentrations >= 10 mIU/mL. Neither age nor neuropsychiatric comorbidity was a significant determinant of seroprotection. Geometric mean concentration was lower among residents aged 60-74 years (74.3 mIU/mL) than among residents aged 46-59 years (105.3 mIU/mL) but highest among residents aged >= 75 years (122.5 mIU/mL). The effect of diabetes on vaccination response could not be examined because 16/17 (94%) diabetic residents had HBV infection by the time of investigation. Conclusions: Adult vaccine recipients of all ages, even those over 60 years of age, demonstrated a robust capacity for achieving hepatitis B seroprotection in response to the combined hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine. The role for vaccination in interrupting HBV transmission during an outbreak remains unclear, but concerns about age-related response to hepatitis B vaccine may be insufficient to justify foregoing vaccination of susceptible residents of ALFs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bender, Thomas John] Ctr Dis Control, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sharapov, Umid; Xing, Jian; Hu, Dale; Rybczynska, Jolanta; Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem; Spradling, Philip R.; Moorman, Anne C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Utah, Okey] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. RP Moorman, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amoorman@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 7 BP 852 EP 856 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.12.018 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AB0SI UT WOS:000331502000015 PM 24370706 ER PT J AU Satten, GA Allen, AS Ikeda, M Mulle, JG Warren, ST AF Satten, Glen A. Allen, Andrew S. Ikeda, Morna Mulle, Jennifer G. Warren, Stephen T. TI Robust Regression Analysis of Copy Number Variation Data based on a Univariate Score SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ARRAY CGH DATA; HIGH-RISK; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEGMENTATION; AUTISM; MODEL AB Motivation: The discovery that copy number variants (CNVs) are widespread in the human genome has motivated development of numerous algorithms that attempt to detect CNVs from intensity data. However, all approaches are plagued by high false discovery rates. Further, because CNVs are characterized by two dimensions (length and intensity) it is unclear how to order called CNVs to prioritize experimental validation. Results: We developed a univariate score that correlates with the likelihood that a CNV is true. This score can be used to order CNV calls in such a way that calls having larger scores are more likely to overlap a true CNV. We developed cnv.beast, a computationally efficient algorithm for calling CNVs that uses robust backward elimination regression to keep CNV calls with scores that exceed a user-defined threshold. Using an independent dataset that was measured using a different platform, we validated our score and showed that our approach performed better than six other currently-available methods. Availability: cnv.beast is available at http://www.duke.edu/similar to asallen/Software.html. C1 [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Ikeda, Morna; Mulle, Jennifer G.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mulle, Jennifer G.; Warren, Stephen T.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Satten, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GSatten@cdc.gov OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU NIH [MH080129, MH083722, MH080583, HL077663, MH084680]; Simons Foundation FX MI, JGM, and STW are supported, in part, by NIH grants MH080129 and MH083722 and by the Simons Foundation (to STW). JGM was supported by a NIH fellowship award (MH080583). ASA is supported by NIH grants HL077663 and MH084680. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 7 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e86272 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086272 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AA1CR UT WOS:000330834400007 PM 24516529 ER PT J AU Molins, CR Delorey, MJ Yockey, BM Young, JW Belisle, JT Schriefer, ME Petersen, JM AF Molins, Claudia R. Delorey, Mark J. Yockey, Brook M. Young, John W. Belisle, John T. Schriefer, Martin E. Petersen, Jeannine M. TI Virulence difference between the prototypic Schu S-4 strain (A1a) and Francisella tularensis A1a, A1b, A2 and type B strains in a murine model of infection SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Prototypic strains; Murine model; Fever; Francisella tularensis; Tularemia; Schu S-4; A1a ID TANDEM REPEAT ANALYSIS; BACTERIUM-TULARENSE; MULTIPLE-LOCUS; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MICE AB Background: The use of prototypic strains is common among laboratories studying infectious agents as it promotes consistency for data comparability among and between laboratories. Schu S-4 is the prototypic virulent strain of Francisella tularensis and has been used extensively as such over the past six decades. Studies have demonstrated virulence differences among the two clinically relevant subspecies of F. tularensis, tularensis (type A) and holarctica (type B) and more recently between type A subpopulations (A1a, A1b and A2). Schu S4 belongs to the most virulent subspecies of F. tularensis, subspecies tularensis. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relative virulence of Schu S4 in comparison to A1a, A1b, A2 and type B strains using a temperature-based murine model of infection. Mice were inoculated intradermally and a hypothermic drop point was used as a surrogate for death. Survival curves and the length of temperature phases were compared for all infections. Bacterial burdens were also compared between the most virulent type A subpopulation, A1b, and Schu S4 at drop point. Results: Survival curve comparisons demonstrate that the Schu S4 strain used in this study resembles the virulence of type B strains, and is significantly less virulent than all other type A (A1a, A1b and A2) strains tested. Additionally, when bacterial burdens were compared between mice infected with Schu S4 or MA00-2987 (A1b) significantly higher burdens were present in the blood and spleen of mice infected with MA00-2987. Conclusions: The knowledge gained from using Schu S4 as a prototypic virulent strain has unquestionably advanced the field of tularemia research. The findings of this study, however, indicate that careful consideration of F. tularensis strain selection must occur when the overall virulence of the strain used could impact the outcome and interpretation of results. C1 [Molins, Claudia R.; Delorey, Mark J.; Yockey, Brook M.; Young, John W.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Belisle, John T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Molins, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM CMolins@cdc.gov RI Belisle, John/B-8944-2017 OI Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798 FU American Society for Microbiology; Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U54AIO65357-01] FX The authors would like to thank Animal Care Staff for their support with the animals. Claudia Molins was funded by the American Society for Microbiology and the Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases as a postdoctoral fellow while the work was being performed. Funding for John Belisle was provided by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant number U54AIO65357-01. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD FEB 6 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-14-67 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AA6KP UT WOS:000331207500006 PM 24502661 ER PT J AU Weintraub, ES Baggs, J Duffy, J Vellozzi, C Belongia, EA Irving, S Klein, NP Glanz, JM Jacobsen, SJ Naleway, A Jackson, LA DeStefano, F AF Weintraub, Eric S. Baggs, James Duffy, Jonathan Vellozzi, Claudia Belongia, Edward A. Irving, Stephanie Klein, Nicola P. Glanz, Jason M. Jacobsen, Steven J. Naleway, Allison Jackson, Lisa A. DeStefano, Frank TI Risk of Intussusception after Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccination SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SAFETY DATALINK PROJECT; ADVERSE EVENTS; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; PENTAVALENT; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINES; GASTROENTERITIS; INFANTS AB BackgroundAlthough current rotavirus vaccines were not associated with an increased risk of intussusception in large trials before licensure, recent postlicensure data from international settings suggest the possibility of a small increase in risk of intussusception after monovalent rotavirus vaccination. We examined this risk in a population in the United States. MethodsParticipants were infants between the ages of 4 and 34 weeks who were enrolled in six integrated health care organizations in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project. We reviewed medical records and visits for intussusception within 7 days after monovalent rotavirus vaccination from April 2008 through March 2013. Using sequential analyses, we then compared the risk of intussusception among children receiving monovalent rotavirus vaccine with historical background rates. We further compared the risk after monovalent rotavirus vaccination with the risk in a concurrent cohort of infants who received the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine. ResultsDuring the study period, 207,955 doses of monovalent rotavirus vaccine (including 115,908 first doses and 92,047 second doses) were administered in the VSD population. We identified 6 cases of intussusception within 7 days after the administration of either dose of vaccine. For the two doses combined, the expected number of intussusception cases was 0.72, resulting in a significant relative risk of 8.4. For the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, 1,301,810 doses were administered during the study period, with 8 observed intussusception cases (7.11 expected), for a nonsignificant relative risk of 1.1. The relative risk of chart-confirmed intussusception within 7 days after monovalent rotavirus vaccination, as compared with the risk after pentavalent rotavirus vaccination, was 9.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 103.8). The attributable risk of intussusception after the administration of two doses of monovalent rotavirus vaccine was estimated to be 5.3 per 100,000 infants vaccinated. ConclusionsIn this prospective postlicensure study of more than 200,000 doses of monovalent rotavirus vaccine, we observed a significant increase in the rate of intussusception after vaccination, a risk that must be weighed against the benefits of preventing rotavirus-associated illness. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) Vaccination has been associated with a decline in rotavirus-associated illness, but concern about intussusception remains. In this CDC report, the monovalent rotavirus vaccine was associated with a slight increase in intussusception risk, as compared with the pentavalent vaccine. The first licensed rotavirus vaccine (RotaShield) was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 1999 because of an increased risk of intussusception.(1) Subsequently, two rotavirus vaccines have been licensed in the United States: RotaTeq (a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine) in 2006 and Rotarix (a monovalent rotavirus vaccine) in 2008.(2),(3) The two vaccines underwent prelicensure clinical trials involving 60,000 to 70,000 infants each, in which no increased risk of intussusception was identified.(4),(5) Postlicensure monitoring in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) project has not found an increase in the risk of intussusception after pentavalent rotavirus vaccination.(6),(7) At the time of the ... C1 [Weintraub, Eric S.; Baggs, James; Duffy, Jonathan; Vellozzi, Claudia; DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Irving, Stephanie; Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Glanz, Jason M.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Jackson, Lisa A.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Weintraub, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eiw8@cdc.gov OI Irving, Stephanie/0000-0001-7437-6797; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683; Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Jacobsen, Steven/0000-0002-8174-8533 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 10 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 6 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 6 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1311738 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AA4NT UT WOS:000331073500007 PM 24422678 ER PT J AU Li, Q Zhou, L Zhou, MH Chen, ZP Li, FR Wu, HY Xiang, NJ Chen, EF Tang, FY Wang, DY Meng, L Hong, ZH Tu, WX Cao, Y Li, LL Ding, F Liu, B Wang, M Xie, RH Gao, RB Li, XD Bai, T Zou, SM He, J Hu, JY Xu, YT Chai, CL Wang, SW Gao, YJ Jin, LM Zhang, YP Luo, HM Yu, HJ He, JF Li, Q Wang, XJ Gao, LD Pang, XH Liu, GH Yan, YS Yuan, H Shu, YL Yang, WZ Wang, Y Wu, F Uyeki, TM Feng, ZJ AF Li, Qun Zhou, Lei Zhou, Minghao Chen, Zhiping Li, Furong Wu, Huanyu Xiang, Nijuan Chen, Enfu Tang, Fenyang Wang, Dayan Meng, Ling Hong, Zhiheng Tu, Wenxiao Cao, Yang Li, Leilei Ding, Fan Liu, Bo Wang, Mei Xie, Rongheng Gao, Rongbao Li, Xiaodan Bai, Tian Zou, Shumei He, Jun Hu, Jiayu Xu, Yangting Chai, Chengliang Wang, Shiwen Gao, Yongjun Jin, Lianmei Zhang, Yanping Luo, Huiming Yu, Hongjie He, Jianfeng Li, Qi Wang, Xianjun Gao, Lidong Pang, Xinghuo Liu, Guohua Yan, Yansheng Yuan, Hui Shu, Yuelong Yang, Weizhong Wang, Yu Wu, Fan Uyeki, Timothy M. Feng, Zijian TI Epidemiology of Human Infections with Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus in China SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID A H7N9 VIRUS; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; RISK-FACTORS; H5N1 VIRUS; HUMAN ILLNESS; FERRETS; SURVEILLANCE; PROVINCE; DISEASE; MARKET AB BackgroundThe first identified cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in humans occurred in China during February and March 2013. We analyzed data obtained from field investigations to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of H7N9 cases in China identified as of December 1, 2013. MethodsField investigations were conducted for each confirmed case of H7N9 virus infection. A patient was considered to have a confirmed case if the presence of the H7N9 virus was verified by means of real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay (RT-PCR), viral isolation, or serologic testing. Information on demographic characteristics, exposure history, and illness timelines was obtained from patients with confirmed cases. Close contacts were monitored for 7 days for symptoms of illness. Throat swabs were obtained from contacts in whom symptoms developed and were tested for the presence of the H7N9 virus by means of real-time RT-PCR. ResultsAmong 139 persons with confirmed H7N9 virus infection, the median age was 61 years (range, 2 to 91), 71% were male, and 73% were urban residents. Confirmed cases occurred in 12 areas of China. Nine persons were poultry workers, and of 131 persons with available data, 82% had a history of exposure to live animals, including chickens (82%). A total of 137 persons (99%) were hospitalized, 125 (90%) had pneumonia or respiratory failure, and 65 of 103 with available data (63%) were admitted to an intensive care unit. A total of 47 persons (34%) died in the hospital after a median duration of illness of 21 days, 88 were discharged from the hospital, and 2 remain hospitalized in critical condition; 2 patients were not admitted to a hospital. In four family clusters, human-to-human transmission of H7N9 virus could not be ruled out. Excluding secondary cases in clusters, 2675 close contacts of case patients completed the monitoring period; respiratory symptoms developed in 28 of them (1%); all tested negative for H7N9 virus. ConclusionsMost persons with confirmed H7N9 virus infection had severe lower respiratory tract illness, were epidemiologically unrelated, and had a history of recent exposure to poultry. However, limited, nonsustained human-to-human H7N9 virus transmission could not be ruled out in four families. The first cases of human infection with the avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were identified in China in early 2013. This report describes findings for 139 persons with confirmed H7N9 virus infection through December 1, 2013. The first identified cases of human infection with a novel influenza A(H7N9) virus occurred in eastern China during February and March 2013 and were characterized by rapidly progressive pneumonia, respiratory failure, the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and fatal outcomes.(1) We analyzed available data from field investigations to characterize the descriptive epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in humans that were reported to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) as of December 1, 2013. In this report, we summarize the epidemiologic findings of case investigations and follow-up monitoring of close contacts of ... C1 [Li, Qun; Zhou, Lei; Xiang, Nijuan; Meng, Ling; Hong, Zhiheng; Tu, Wenxiao; Cao, Yang; Li, Leilei; Ding, Fan; Liu, Bo; Wang, Mei; Gao, Yongjun; Jin, Lianmei; Zhang, Yanping; Feng, Zijian] Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Dayan; Gao, Rongbao; Li, Xiaodan; Bai, Tian; Zou, Shumei; Wang, Shiwen; Shu, Yuelong] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Luo, Huiming; Yu, Hongjie; Yang, Weizhong; Wang, Yu] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Xie, Rongheng] Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Pang, Xinghuo] Beijing Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Minghao; Tang, Fenyang] Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xu, Yangting] Nanjing Prefecture Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Zhiping; Chen, Enfu; Chai, Chengliang] Zhejiang Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Li, Furong; He, Jun] Anhui Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Wu, Huanyu; Hu, Jiayu; Wu, Fan] Shanghai Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [He, Jianfeng] Guangdong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Qi] Hebei Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xianjun] Shandong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Gao, Lidong] Hunan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Guohua] Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Yan, Yansheng] Fujian Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fuzhou, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Hui] Jiangxi Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanchang, Peoples R China. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feng, ZJ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM fwu@scdc.sh.cn; fengzj@chinacdc.cn FU China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases; Research and Promotion of Key Technology on Health Emergency Preparation and Dispositions [201202006-01]; National Ministry of Science and Technology Emergency Research Project on human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus [KJYJ-2013-01-02]; Jiangsu Province Health Development Project with Science and Education [ZX201109]; Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province [2009GG10002054] FX Supported by the China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, a grant (201202006-01) from Research and Promotion of Key Technology on Health Emergency Preparation and Dispositions, a grant (No. KJYJ-2013-01-02) from the National Ministry of Science and Technology Emergency Research Project on human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus, a grant (No. ZX201109) from Jiangsu Province Health Development Project with Science and Education, and a grant (No. 2009GG10002054) from Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province. NR 51 TC 246 Z9 267 U1 23 U2 114 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 6 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 6 BP 520 EP 532 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1304617 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AA4NT UT WOS:000331073500008 PM 23614499 ER PT J AU Glass, RI Parashar, UD AF Glass, Roger I. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Rotavirus Vaccines - Balancing Intussusception Risks and Health Benefits SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; PENTAVALENT; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; MEXICO; SAFETY AB In January 2006, the Journal published two landmark articles reporting the safety and efficacy of two different vaccines RotaTeq (Merck), a pentavalent vaccine (RV5),(1) and Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline), a monovalent vaccine (RV1)(2) to prevent rotavirus, the most common cause of severe childhood diarrhea worldwide and of deaths from diarrhea in low-income countries. Each trial enrolled more than 60,000 infants to determine whether these live oral vaccines caused intussusception, the rare complication that in 1999 forced the withdrawal of the first licensed rotavirus vaccine, RotaShield (Wyeth Lederle), less than a year after it was recommended for routine immunization of U.S. ... C1 [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Glass, RI (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 6 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 6 BP 568 EP 570 DI 10.1056/NEJMe1315836 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AA4NT UT WOS:000331073500014 PM 24422677 ER PT J AU Wang, D Ho, A Hamilton, AS Wu, XC Lo, M Fleming, S Goodman, M Thompson, T Owen, J AF Wang, Dian Ho, Alex Hamilton, Ann S. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Lo, Mary Fleming, Steven Goodman, Michael Thompson, Trevor Owen, Jean TI Type and dose of radiotherapy used for initial treatment of non-metastatic prostate cancer SO RADIATION ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prostate cancer; Radiotherapy; Patterns of care study ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RADIATION-THERAPY; SURVIVAL; PATTERNS; ONCOLOGY; TRENDS; CARE AB Background: We sought to describe patterns of initial radiotherapy among non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC) patients by recurrence risk groups. Methods: Medical records were abstracted for a sample of 9017 PC cases diagnosed in 2004 as a part of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Prostate and Breast Patterns of Care Study in seven states. Non-metastatic PC cases are categorized as low-risk (LR), intermediate-risk (IR) or high-risk (HR) groups based on pretreatment PSA, tumor stage, and Gleason score per 2002 NCCN guidelines. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to determine factors associated with the type and dose of radiotherapy by the risk groups. Results: Of the 9,017 patients, 3153 who received definitive radiotherapy either alone or in combination with hormone therapy (HT) were selected for in-depth analysis. Multivariate models showed that LR patients were more likely to receive seed implant brachytherapy (BT) than those in higher risk groups. Those in the IR group were most likely to receive external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with BT or high-dose radiotherapy. Use of HT in combination with radiotherapy was more common in the IR and HR groups than for LR patients. Intensity modulated radiation treatment (IMRT) was used to treat 32.6% of PC patients treated with EBRT, with the majority (60.6%) treated with high-dose radiotherapy. Conclusions: Radiotherapy types and dosage utilization varied by PC risk groups. Patients in IR were more likely than those in LR or HR to receive high-dose radiotherapy. IMRT was used in about one third of patients to deliver high-dose radiotherapy. C1 [Wang, Dian] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiat Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53045 USA. [Ho, Alex; Owen, Jean] Amer Coll Radiol, Clin Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Hamilton, Ann S.; Lo, Mary] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] LSU Hlth Sci Ctr, Louisiana Tumor Registry, New Orleans, LA USA. [Fleming, Steven] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. [Goodman, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Thompson, Trevor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiat Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53045 USA. EM dwang@mcw.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1-U01-DP000260]; Emory University [1-U01-DP000258]; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center [1-U01-DP000253]; Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) [1-U01-DP000259]; Medical College of Wisconsin [1-U01-DP000261]; University of Kentucky [1-U01-DP000251]; NC Central Cancer Registry [U55/CCU421885]; Wake Forest University [1-U01-DP000264] FX Authors acknowledged that the Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreements with the California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) (1-U01-DP000260), Emory University (1-U01-DP000258), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (1-U01-DP000253), Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) (1-U01-DP000259), Medical College of Wisconsin (1-U01-DP000261), University of Kentucky (1-U01-DP000251), NC Central Cancer Registry (U55/CCU421885) and Wake Forest University (1-U01-DP000264). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1748-717X J9 RADIAT ONCOL JI Radiat. Oncol. PD FEB 5 PY 2014 VL 9 AR 47 DI 10.1186/1748-717X-9-47 PG 10 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AG1QJ UT WOS:000335190400001 PM 24499610 ER PT J AU Barclay, VC Smieszek, T He, JP Cao, GH Rainey, JJ Gao, HJ Uzicanin, A Salathe, M AF Barclay, Victoria C. Smieszek, Timo He, Jianping Cao, Guohong Rainey, Jeanette J. Gao, Hongjiang Uzicanin, Amra Salathe, Marcel TI Positive Network Assortativity of Influenza Vaccination at a High School: Implications for Outbreak Risk and Herd Immunity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL MIXING BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; CHILDREN; CONTACTS; EFFICACY; PATTERNS; CLOSURE AB Schools are known to play a significant role in the spread of influenza. High vaccination coverage can reduce infectious disease spread within schools and the wider community through vaccine-induced immunity in vaccinated individuals and through the indirect effects afforded by herd immunity. In general, herd immunity is greatest when vaccination coverage is highest, but clusters of unvaccinated individuals can reduce herd immunity. Here, we empirically assess the extent of such clustering by measuring whether vaccinated individuals are randomly distributed or demonstrate positive assortativity across a United States high school contact network. Using computational models based on these empirical measurements, we further assess the impact of assortativity on influenza disease dynamics. We found that the contact network was positively assortative with respect to influenza vaccination: unvaccinated individuals tended to be in contact more often with other unvaccinated individuals than with vaccinated individuals, and these effects were most pronounced when we analyzed contact data collected over multiple days. Of note, unvaccinated males contributed substantially more than unvaccinated females towards the measured positive vaccination assortativity. Influenza simulation models using a positively assortative network resulted in larger average outbreak size, and outbreaks were more likely, compared to an otherwise identical network where vaccinated individuals were not clustered. These findings highlight the importance of understanding and addressing heterogeneities in seasonal influenza vaccine uptake for prevention of large, protracted school-based outbreaks of influenza, in addition to continued efforts to increase overall vaccine coverage. C1 [Barclay, Victoria C.; Smieszek, Timo; Salathe, Marcel] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [He, Jianping; Cao, Guohong] Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Gao, Hongjiang; Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barclay, VC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM vickistar50@gmail.com RI Smieszek, Timo/C-3677-2009; OI Smieszek, Timo/0000-0003-1681-9777 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 CK000178-01]; German Academic Exchange Service DAAD [D/10/52328]; Society in Science: Branco Weiss fellowship; NIH RAPIDD; National Science Foundation [OCI-0821527] FX This research was supported by a grant provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through grant U01 CK000178-01 (to M.S.), a fellowship from the German Academic Exchange Service DAAD through grant D/10/52328 (to T.S.), and a Society in Science: Branco Weiss fellowship (to M.S.). M.S. also acknowledges NIH RAPIDD support. Simulations were run on a computer cluster that was funded by the National Science Foundation through grant OCI-0821527. The CDC played a role in the study design, decision to publish and preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 5 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e87042 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087042 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AA1AT UT WOS:000330829200033 PM 24505274 ER PT J AU Ozpinar, A Kelestimur, F Songur, Y Can, O Valentin, L Caldwell, K Arikan, E Unsal, I Serteser, M Inal, T Erdemgil, Y Coskun, A Bakirci, N Sezgin, O Blount, B AF Ozpinar, Aysel Kelestimur, Fahrettin Songur, Yildiran Can, Ozge Valentin, Liza Caldwell, Kathleen Arikan, Ender Unsal, Ibrahim Serteser, Mustafa Inal, Tamer Erdemgil, Yigit Coskun, Abdurrahman Bakirci, Nadi Sezgin, Ozlem Blount, Ben TI Iodine Status in Turkish Populations and Exposure to Iodide Uptake Inhibitors SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; URINARY IODINE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; DEFICIENCY DISORDERS; PERCHLORATE EXPOSURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GOITER PREVALENCE; WATER AB Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are competitive inhibitors of the sodium iodide symporter of the thyroid membrane. These inhibitors can decrease iodine uptake by the symporter into the thyroid gland and may disrupt thyroid function. This study assesses iodine status and exposure to iodide uptake inhibitors of non-pregnant and non-lactating adult women living in three different cities in Turkey (Istanbul, Isparta and Kayseri). We measured iodine and iodide uptake inhibitors in 24-hr urines collected from study participants (N = 255). All three study populations were mildly iodine deficient, with median urinary iodine (UI) levels of 77.5 mu g/L in Istanbul, 58.8 mu g/L in Isparta, and 69.8 mu g/L in Kayseri. Perchlorate doses were higher in the study population (median 0.13 mu g/kg/day), compared with a reference population (median 0.059 mu g/kg/day), but lower than the U. S. EPA reference dose (0.7 mu g/kg/day). Urinary thiocyanate levels increased with increasing exposure to tobacco smoke, with non-smokers (268 mu g/L) significantly lower than light smokers (1110 mu g/L), who were significantly lower than heavy smokers (2410 mu g/L). This pilot study provides novel data indicating that study participants were moderately iodine deficient and had higher intakes of the iodide uptake inhibitor perchlorate compared with a reference population. Further investigation is needed to characterize the thyroid impact resulting from iodine deficiency coupled with exposure to iodide uptake inhibitors such as perchlorate, thiocyanate and nitrate. C1 [Ozpinar, Aysel; Can, Ozge; Unsal, Ibrahim; Serteser, Mustafa; Inal, Tamer; Erdemgil, Yigit; Coskun, Abdurrahman; Bakirci, Nadi; Sezgin, Ozlem] Acibadem Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Biochem, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kelestimur, Fahrettin] Erciyes Univ, Sch Med, Kayseri, Turkey. [Songur, Yildiran] Suleyman Demirel Univ, Sch Med, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey. [Arikan, Ender; Sezgin, Ozlem] Acibadem Hosp, Istanbul, Turkey. [Valentin, Liza; Caldwell, Kathleen; Blount, Ben] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blount, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bkb3@cdc.gov RI Coskun, Abdurrahman/C-3906-2015; Serteser, Mustafa/F-9130-2015; Ozpinar, Aysel/D-5150-2016; OI Coskun, Abdurrahman/0000-0002-1273-0604; Serteser, Mustafa/0000-0001-7868-7613; Ozpinar, Aysel/0000-0002-7399-4929; Erdemgil, Yigit/0000-0001-7732-5960 FU Acibadem University; Erciyes University; Suleyman Demirel University; CDC FX This study was supported by funds from Acibadem University, Erciyes University, Suleyman Demirel University, and CDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 5 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e88206 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0088206 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AA1AT UT WOS:000330829200136 PM 24505430 ER PT J AU Vora, NM Holman, RC Mehal, JM Steiner, CA Blanton, J Sejvar, J AF Vora, Neil M. Holman, Robert C. Mehal, Jason M. Steiner, Claudia A. Blanton, Jesse Sejvar, James TI Burden of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in the United States, 1998-2010 SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; VIRUS; RECIPIENTS; CHALLENGE; OUTBREAK; TRENDS AB Objective:To estimate the burden of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in the United States for 1998-2010.Methods:Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative database of hospitalizations, estimated numbers and rates of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations for 1998-2010 were calculated. Etiology and outcome of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations were examined, as well as accompanying diagnoses listed along with encephalitis on the discharge records. Total hospital charges (in 2010 US dollars) were assessed.Results:An estimated 263,352 (standard error: 3,017) encephalitis-associated hospitalizations occurred in the United States during 1998-2010, which corresponds to an average of 20,258 (standard error: 232) encephalitis-associated hospitalizations per year. A fatal outcome occurred in 5.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.6%-6.0%) of all encephalitis-associated hospitalizations and in 10.1% (95% CI: 9.2%-11.2%) and 17.1% (95% CI: 14.6%-20.0%) of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in which a code for HIV or a tissue or organ transplant was listed, respectively. The proportion of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in which an etiology for encephalitis was specified was 50.3% (95% CI: 49.6%-51.0%) and that for which the etiology was unspecified was 49.7% (95% CI: 49.0%-50.4%). Total charges for encephalitis-associated hospitalizations in 2010 were an estimated $2.0 billion.Conclusions:Encephalitis remains a major public health concern in the United States. Among the large number of encephalitis-associated hospitalizations for which an etiology is not reported may be novel infectious and noninfectious forms of encephalitis. Associated conditions such as HIV or transplantation increase the risk of a fatal outcome from an encephalitis-associated hospitalization and should be monitored. C1 [Vora, Neil M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vora, Neil M.; Holman, Robert C.; Mehal, Jason M.; Blanton, Jesse; Sejvar, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] US Dept HHS, Healthcare Cost & Utilizat Project, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. RP Vora, NM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wii8@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 EI 1526-632X J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 82 IS 5 BP 443 EP 451 DI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000086 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AH9WA UT WOS:000336494600016 PM 24384647 ER PT J AU Trunnelle, KJ Bennett, DH Tulve, NS Clifton, MS Davis, MD Calafat, AM Moran, R Tancredi, DJ Hertz-Picciotto, I AF Trunnelle, Kelly J. Bennett, Deborah H. Tulve, Nicolle S. Clifton, Matthew Scott Davis, Mark D. Calafat, Antonia M. Moran, Rebecca Tancredi, Daniel J. Hertz-Picciotto, Irva TI Urinary Pyrethroid and Chlorpyrifos Metabolite Concentrations in Northern California Families and Their Relationship to Indoor Residential Insecticide Levels, Part of the Study of Use of Products and Exposure Related Behavior (SUPERB) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; IN-HOUSE DUST; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; CHILDRENS EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; HOMES; POPULATION; PERMETHRIN; NEURODEVELOPMENT; QUANTIFICATION AB Since the 2001 U.S. federally mandated phase-out of residential uses of organophosphates (OPs), use of and potential for human exposure to pyrethroids in the indoor residential environment has increased. We report concentrations of common pyrethroids, pyrethroid metabolites, and chlorpyrifos in floor wipes, and urinary concentrations of pyrethroid metabolites and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) in samples collected in 2007-2009 from 90 northern California families as part of the Study of Use of Products and Exposure Related Behavior (SUPERB). Correlation and regression analyses examined associations between floor wipe and urine sample concentrations. The most frequently detected urinary metabolites were TCPy (64.7%, median concentration of 1.47 ng/mL) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) (62.4%, 0.79 ng/mL). Compared to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2002 general U.S. population, this population had substantially higher pyrethroid metabolite and lower TCPy urinary concentrations. This may be related to the increased residential use of pyrethroids after the phase-out of OPs. Chlorpyrifos (98.7%), cis- and trans-permethrin (97.5%), bifenthrin (59.3%), and 3PBA (98.7%) were frequently detected in the floor wipes. Floor wipe concentrations for pyrethroid insecticides were found to be significant predictors of child creatinine-adjusted urinary metabolite concentrations (log log regression coefficients ranging from 0.26 to 0.29; p < 0.05) suggesting that indoor residential exposure to pyrethroid insecticides is an important exposure route for children. C1 [Trunnelle, Kelly J.; Bennett, Deborah H.; Moran, Rebecca; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Clifton, Matthew Scott] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davis, Mark D.; Calafat, Antonia M.] CDC, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tancredi, Daniel J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Trunnelle, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kjtrunnelle@ucdavis.edu RI Tancredi, Daniel/O-3381-2013 OI Tancredi, Daniel/0000-0002-3884-7907 FU The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development [RD-83154001] FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded this research through a Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant RD-83154001. The U.S. EPA provided in-kind support for analysis of wipe samples. Analysis of urinary metabolites was provided through in-kind support by CDC. This study would not have been possible without the participants who patiently gave their time. We acknowledge the technical assistance of C. Chambers, P. Olive, P. Restrepo, W. Roman, and E. Wade in measuring the urinary concentrations. The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 1931 EP 1939 DI 10.1021/es403661a PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA3TL UT WOS:000331015100070 PM 24422434 ER PT J AU Hurley, LP Bridges, CB Harpaz, R Allison, MA O'Leary, ST Crane, LA Brtnikova, M Stokley, S Beaty, BL Jimenez-Zambrano, A Ahmed, F Hales, C Kempe, A AF Hurley, Laura P. Bridges, Carolyn B. Harpaz, Rafael Allison, Mandy A. O'Leary, Sean T. Crane, Lori A. Brtnikova, Michaela Stokley, Shannon Beaty, Brenda L. Jimenez-Zambrano, Andrea Ahmed, Faruque Hales, Craig Kempe, Allison TI US Physicians' Perspective of Adult Vaccine Delivery SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; PRIMARY-CARE; PHARMACISTS; PERCEPTIONS; ATTITUDES; BARRIERS AB Background: Adults are at substantial risk for vaccine-preventable disease, but their vaccination rates remain low. Objective: To assess practices for assessing vaccination status and stocking recommended vaccines, barriers to vaccination, characteristics associated with reporting financial barriers to delivering vaccines, and practices regarding vaccination by alternate vaccinators. Design: Mail and Internet-based survey. Setting: Survey conducted from March to June 2012. Participants: General internists and family physicians throughout the United States. Measurements: A financial barriers scale was created. Multivariable linear modeling for each specialty was performed to assess associations between a financial barrier score and physician and practice characteristics. Results: Response rates were 79% (352 of 443) for general internists and 62% (255 of 409) for family physicians. Twenty-nine percent of general internists and 32% of family physicians reported assessing vaccination status at every visit. A minority used immunization information systems (8% and 36%, respectively). Almost all respondents reported assessing need for and stocking seasonal influenza; pneumococcal; tetanus and diphtheria; and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines. However, fewer as-sessed and stocked other recommended vaccines. The most commonly reported barriers were financial. Characteristics significantly associated with reporting greater financial barriers included private practice setting, fewer than 5 providers in the practice, and, for general internists only, having more patients with Medicare Part D. The most commonly reported reasons for referring patients elsewhere included lack of insurance coverage for the vaccine (55% for general internists and 62% for family physicians) or inadequate reimbursement (36% and 41%, respectively). Patients were most often referred to pharmacies/retail stores and public health departments. Limitations: Surveyed physicians may not be representative of all physicians. Conclusion: Improving adult vaccination delivery will require increased use of evidence-based methods for vaccination delivery and concerted efforts to resolve financial barriers, especially for smaller practices and for general internists who see more patients with Medicare Part D. C1 [Hurley, Laura P.] Wellington Webb Ctr Primary Care, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Bridges, Carolyn B.; Harpaz, Rafael; Stokley, Shannon; Ahmed, Faruque; Hales, Craig] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Allison, Mandy A.; O'Leary, Sean T.; Brtnikova, Michaela; Beaty, Brenda L.; Jimenez-Zambrano, Andrea; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. RP Brtnikova, M (reprint author), Childrens Outcomes Res Program, 13199 East Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM michael.brtnikova@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP-5U48DP001938] FX Grant Support: By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (SIP-5U48DP001938). NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 160 IS 3 BP 161 EP + DI 10.7326/M13-2332 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AA2VE UT WOS:000330951500003 PM 24658693 ER PT J AU Bridges, CB Coyne-Beasley, T AF Bridges, Carolyn B. Coyne-Beasley, Tamera CA Advisory Comm Immunization Practic TI Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older: United States, 2014 SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; BARRIERS C1 [Bridges, Carolyn B.; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bridges, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cbridges@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 160 IS 3 BP 190 EP + DI 10.7326/M13-2826 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AA2VE UT WOS:000330951500006 PM 24658695 ER PT J AU Couret, J Dotson, E Benedict, MQ AF Couret, Jannelle Dotson, Ellen Benedict, Mark Q. TI Temperature, Larval Diet, and Density Effects on Development Rate and Survival of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; REACTION NORMS; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; CONSTANT TEMPERATURES; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; ALBOPICTUS DIPTERA AB Many environmental factors, biotic and abiotic interact to influence organismal development. Given the importance of Aedes aegypti as a vector of human pathogens including dengue and yellow fever, understanding the impact of environmental factors such as temperature, resource availability, and intraspecific competition during development is critical for population control purposes. Despite known associations between developmental traits and factors of diet and density, temperature has been considered the primary driver of development rate and survival. To determine the relative importance of these critical factors, wide gradients of conditions must be considered. We hypothesize that 1) diet and density, as well as temperature influence the variation in development rate and survival, 2) that these factors interact, and this interaction is also necessary to understand variation in developmental traits. Temperature, diet, density, and their two-way interactions are significant factors in explaining development rate variation of the larval stages of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. These factors as well as two and three-way interactions are significantly associated with the development rate from hatch to emergence. Temperature, but not diet or density, significantly impacted juvenile mortality. Development time was heteroskedastic with the highest variation occurring at the extremes of diet and density conditions. All three factors significantly impacted survival curves of experimental larvae that died during development. Complex interactions may contribute to variation in development rate. To better predict variation in development rate and survival in Ae. aegypti, factors of resource availability and intraspecific density must be considered in addition, but never to the exclusion of temperature. C1 [Couret, Jannelle] Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dotson, Ellen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benedict, Mark Q.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Med Sperimentale & Sci Biochim, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. RP Couret, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM nelle.couret@gmail.com FU National Institutes of Health Training Grant for Population Biology of Infectious Disease at Emory University FX Funding for stipend and supplies provided by the National Institutes of Health Training Grant for Population Biology of Infectious Disease at Emory University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 95 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 75 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 3 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e87468 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087468 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 302TD UT WOS:000330626900074 PM 24498328 ER PT J AU Brown, ML Klabunde, CN Cronin, KA White, MC Richardson, LC McNeel, TS AF Brown, Martin L. Klabunde, Carrie N. Cronin, Kathy A. White, Mary C. Richardson, Lisa C. McNeel, Timothy S. TI Challenges in Meeting Healthy People 2020 Objectives for Cancer-Related Preventive Services, National Health Interview Survey, 2008 and 2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; METAANALYSIS; PHYSICIANS; ACCURACY; TRENDS AB Introduction Healthy People (HP) is the US program that formulates and tracks national health objectives for the nation. The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) is a designated data source for setting and evaluating several HP targets in cancer. We used data from the 2008 and 2010 NHIS to provide a benchmark for national performance toward meeting HP 2020 cancer-related objectives. Methods HP 2020 cancer screening, provider counseling, and health care access objectives were selected. For each objective, NHIS measures for the overall population and several sociodemographic subgroups were calculated; the findings were compared with established HP 2020 targets. Results From 2008 to 2010, rates of breast and cervical cancer screening declined slightly while colorectal cancer screening rates increased by 7 percentage points. Rates of cancer screening and provider counseling were below HP targets. Meeting HP targets seems less likely for subgroups characterized by low income, no health insurance, or no usual source of care. Meeting HP targets for access to health services will require an increase of 18 percentage points in the proportion of persons under age 65 with health insurance coverage and an increase of 10 percentage points in the proportion aged 18 to 64 with a usual source of care. Conclusion Whether HP objectives for cancer screening and health care access are met may depend on implementation of health care reform measures that improve access to and coordination of care. Better integration of clinical health care and community-based efforts for delivering high-quality screening and treatment services and elimination of health disparities are also needed. C1 [Brown, Martin L.; Cronin, Kathy A.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [White, Mary C.; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McNeel, Timothy S.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Klabunde, CN (reprint author), 9606 Med Ctr Dr,MSC 9762, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM KlabundC@mail.nih.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 AR 130174 DI 10.5888/pcd11.130174 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XE UT WOS:000343521700003 PM 24576396 ER PT J AU Kirtland, KA Burrows, NR Geiss, LS AF Kirtland, Karen A. Burrows, Nilka R. Geiss, Linda S. TI Diabetes Interactive Atlas SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB The Diabetes Interactive Atlas is a recently released Web-based collection of maps that allows users to view geographic patterns and examine trends in diabetes and its risk factors over time across the United States and within states. The atlas provides maps, tables, graphs, and motion charts that depict national, state, and county data. Large amounts of data can be viewed in various ways simultaneously. In this article, we describe the design and technical issues for developing the atlas and provide an overview of the atlas' maps and graphs. The Diabetes Interactive Atlas improves visualization of geographic patterns, highlights observation of trends, and demonstrates the concomitant geographic and temporal growth of diabetes and obesity. C1 [Kirtland, Karen A.] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Burrows, Nilka R.; Geiss, Linda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kirtland, KA (reprint author), Northrop Grumman, 3375 Northeast Expressway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kkirtland@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 DI 10.5888/pcd11.130300 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XE UT WOS:000343521700012 ER PT J AU Theis, KA Helmick, CG Hootman, JM Barbour, KE AF Theis, Kristina A. Helmick, Charles G. Hootman, Jennifer M. Barbour, Kamil E. TI Physical Activity Among Adults With Arthritis SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Letter C1 [Theis, Kristina A.; Helmick, Charles G.; Hootman, Jennifer M.; Barbour, Kamil E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Theis, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arthrit Program, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 AR 140025 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140025 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XE UT WOS:000343521700014 ER PT J AU Stone, DM Luo, FJ Ouyang, LJ Lippy, C Hertz, MF Crosby, AE AF Stone, Deborah M. Luo, Feijun Ouyang, Lijing Lippy, Caroline Hertz, Marci F. Crosby, Alex E. TI Sexual Orientation and Suicide Ideation, Plans, Attempts, and Medically Serious Attempts: Evidence From Local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2001-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; SAME-SEX; BISEXUAL YOUTH; MENTAL-HEALTH; YOUNG-PEOPLE; ADOLESCENT SUICIDE; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; MINORITY YOUTH; SELF-HARM; GAY AB Objectives. We examined the associations between 2 measures of sexual orientation and 4 suicide risk outcomes (SROs) from pooled local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Methods. We aggregated data from 5 local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 2001 to 2009. We defined sexual minority youths (SMYs) by sexual identity (lesbian, gay, bisexual) and sex of sexual contacts (same-or both-sex contacts). Survey logistic regression analyses controlled for a wide range of suicide risk factors and sample design effects. Results. Compared with non-SMYs, all SMYs had increased odds of suicide ideation; bisexual youths, gay males, and both-sex contact females had greater odds of suicide planning; all SMYs, except same-sex contact males, had increased odds of suicide attempts; and lesbians, bisexuals, and both-sex contact youths had increased odds of medically serious attempts. Unsure males had increased odds of suicide ideation compared with heterosexual males. Not having sexual contact was protective of most SROs among females and of medically serious attempts among males. Conclusions. Regardless of sexual orientation measure used, most SMY subgroups had increased odds of all SROs. However, many factors are associated with SROs. C1 [Stone, Deborah M.; Lippy, Caroline; Hertz, Marci F.; Crosby, Alex E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Luo, Feijun] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ouyang, Lijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Luo, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM FLuo@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 104 IS 2 BP 262 EP 271 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301383 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP0KW UT WOS:000341751200039 PM 24328658 ER PT J AU Ridenhour, B Kowalik, JM Shay, DK AF Ridenhour, Benjamin Kowalik, Jessica M. Shay, David K. TI Unraveling R-0: Considerations for Public Health Applications SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review ID INFLUENZA-A H1N1; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MOUTH EPIDEMIC; REPRODUCTION NUMBER; GREAT-BRITAIN; US CITIES; TRANSMISSION; FOOT; MODEL; UK AB We assessed public health use of R-0, the basic reproduction number, which estimates the speed at which a disease is capable of spreading in a population. These estimates are of great public health interest, as evidenced during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus pandemic. We reviewed methods commonly used to estimate R-0, examined their practical utility, and assessed how estimates of this epidemiological parameter can inform mitigation strategy decisions. In isolation, R-0 is a suboptimal gauge of infectious disease dynamics across populations; other disease parameters may provide more useful information. Nonetheless, estimation of R-0 for a particular population is useful for understanding transmission in the study population. Considered in the context of other epidemiologically important parameters, the value of R-0 may lie in better understanding an outbreak and in preparing a public health response. C1 [Ridenhour, Benjamin; Kowalik, Jessica M.] Univ Notre Dame, Eck Inst Global Hlth, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ridenhour, B (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Eck Inst Global Hlth, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM ridenhour.1@nd.edu OI Ridenhour, Benjamin/0000-0001-8271-4629; Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Eck Institute for Global Health at the University of Notre Dame; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via Intergovernmental Personnel Act; University of Notre Dame; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX B. Ridenhour is funded through the Eck Institute for Global Health at the University of Notre Dame and through a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via the Intergovernmental Personnel Act. J. M. Kowalik is funded by the University of Notre Dame. D. K. Shay is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 104 IS 2 BP E32 EP E41 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301704 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP0KW UT WOS:000341751200010 PM 24328646 ER PT J AU Iqbal, S Oraka, E Chew, GL Flanders, WD AF Iqbal, Shahed Oraka, Emeka Chew, Ginger L. Flanders, W. Dana TI Association Between Birthplace and Current Asthma: The Role of Environment and Acculturation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PUERTO-RICAN CHILDREN; MEXICAN-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DIAGNOSED ASTHMA; ASIAN IMMIGRANTS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; HEALTH-STATUS; FOREIGN-BORN AB Objectives. We evaluated associations between current asthma and birthplace among major racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Methods. We used multivariate logistic regression methods to analyze data on 102 524 children and adolescents and 255 156 adults in the National Health Interview Survey (2001-2009). Results. We found significantly higher prevalence (P < .05) of current asthma among children and adolescents (9.3% vs 5.1%) and adults (7.6% vs 4.7%) born in the 50 states and Washington, DC (US-born), than among those born elsewhere. These differences were among all age groups of non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics (excluding Puerto Ricans) and among Chinese adults. Non-US-born adults with 10 or more years of residency in the United States had higher odds of current asthma (odds ratio = 1.55; 95% confidence interval = 1.25, 1.93) than did those who arrived more recently. Findings suggested a similar trend among non-US-born children. Conclusions. Current asthma status was positively associated with being born in the United States and with duration of residency in the United States. Among other contributing factors, changes in environment and acculturation may explain some of the differences in asthma prevalence. C1 [Iqbal, Shahed; Oraka, Emeka; Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Iqbal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SIqbal@cdc.gov NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 104 SU 1 BP S175 EP S182 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301509 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO5DF UT WOS:000341361700028 PM 24354818 ER PT J AU Shahangian, S Alspach, TD Astles, JR Yesupriya, A Dettwyler, WK AF Shahangian, Shahram Alspach, Todd D. Astles, J. Rex Yesupriya, Ajay Dettwyler, William K. TI Trends in Laboratory Test Volumes for Medicare Part B Reimbursements, 2000-2010 SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICINE PRACTICE GUIDELINES; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; HEART-FAILURE; VIRUS-INFECTION; PANCREATIC-CANCER AB Context.-Changes in reimbursements for clinical laboratory testing may help us assess the effect of various variables, such as testing recommendations, market forces, changes in testing technology, and changes in clinical or laboratory practices, and provide information that can influence health care and public health policy decisions. To date, however, there has been no report, to our knowledge, of longitudinal trends in national laboratory test use. Objective.-To evaluate Medicare Part B-reimbursed volumes of selected laboratory tests per 10 000 enrollees from 2000 through 2010. Design.-Laboratory test reimbursement volumes per 10 000 enrollees in Medicare Part B were obtained from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (Baltimore, Maryland). The ratio of the most recent (2010) reimbursed test volume per 10 000 Medicare enrollees, divided by the oldest data (usually 2000) during this decade, called the volume ratio, was used to measure trends in test reimbursement. Laboratory tests with a reimbursement claim frequency of at least 10 per 10 000 Medicare enrollees in 2010 were selected, provided there was more than a 50% change in test reimbursement volume during the 2000-2010 decade. We combined the reimbursed test volumes for the few tests that were listed under more than one code in the Current Procedural Terminology (American Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois). A 2-sided Poisson regression, adjusted for potential overdispersion, was used to determine P values for the trend; trends were considered significant at P < .05. Results.-Tests with the greatest decrease in reimbursement volumes were electrolytes, digoxin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and lithium, with volume ratios ranging from 0.27 to 0.64 (P < .001). Tests with the greatest increase in reimbursement volumes were meprobamate, opiates, methadone, phencyclidine, amphetamines, cocaine, and vitamin D, with volume ratios ranging from 83 to 1510 (P < .001). Conclusions.-Although reimbursement volumes increased for most of the selected tests, other tests exhibited statistically significant downward trends in annual reimbursement volumes. The observed changes in reimbursement volumes may be explained by disease prevalence and severity, patterns of drug use, clinical or laboratory practices, and testing recommendations and guidelines, among others. These data may be useful to policy makers, health systems researchers, laboratory directors, and industry scientists to understand, address, and anticipate trends in laboratory testing in the Medicare population. C1 [Shahangian, Shahram; Alspach, Todd D.; Astles, J. Rex; Yesupriya, Ajay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Lab Programs Stand & Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dettwyler, William K.] Codus Medicus Inc, Salem, OR USA. RP Shahangian, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Lab Sci & Stand, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-23, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sshahangian@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 104 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 EI 1543-2165 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 138 IS 2 BP 189 EP 203 DI 10.5858/arpa.2013-0149-OA PG 15 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA AM0QF UT WOS:000339550000012 PM 23738761 ER PT J AU Murti, M Bayleyegn, T Stanbury, M Flanders, WD Yard, E Nyaku, M Wolkin, A AF Murti, Michelle Bayleyegn, Tesfaye Stanbury, Martha Flanders, William Dana Yard, Ellen Nyaku, Mawuli Wolkin, Amy TI Household Emergency Preparedness by Housing Type from a Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER), Michigan SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE Emergency Preparedness; Epidemiologic Methods; Housing; Disasters ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; DISASTERS; STATES AB Objectives: We examined the association between housing type and household emergency preparedness among households in Oakland County, Michigan. Methods: We used interview data on household emergency preparedness from a cluster design survey in Oakland County, Michigan, in 2012. We compared survey-weighted frequencies of household demographics, medical conditions, and preparedness measures in single-detached homes versus multi-unit dwellings, and determined the unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and the income-level adjusted OR for each preparedness measure. Results: Households had similar demographics and medical conditions between housing types. Unadjusted ORs were statistically significant for single detached homes having a generator (11.1), back-up heat source (10.9), way to cook without utilities (5.8), carbon monoxide (CO) detector (3.8), copies of important documents (3.4), evacuation routes (3.1), and 3-day supply of water (2.5). Income level adjusted ORs remained statistically significant except for owning a CO detector. Conclusions: Households in multi-unit dwellings were less likely to have certain recommended emergency plans and supplies compared to those in single detached homes. Further research is required to explore the feasibility, barriers, and alternatives for households in multi-unit dwellings in terms of complying with these measures. C1 [Murti, Michelle; Nyaku, Mawuli] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bayleyegn, Tesfaye; Yard, Ellen; Wolkin, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Flanders, William Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stanbury, Martha] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Wolkin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-60, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM ajf9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1017/dmp.2013.111 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL3XG UT WOS:000339064300003 PM 24524350 ER PT J AU Posid, JM Goodman, RA Khan, AS AF Posid, Joseph M. Goodman, Richard A. Khan, Ali S. TI Classifying Infectious Disease Outbreaks to Improve Timeliness and Efficiency of Response SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE infectious disease medicine; public health; epidemiologic methods; emergency preparedness ID PUBLIC-HEALTH THREAT; BIOTERRORISM; AGENTS; CONTAMINATION; NETWORK; INJURY AB Following the intentional dissemination of B. anthracis through the U. S. Postal Service in 2001, use of the term "naturally occurring" to classify some infectious disease outbreaks has become more evident. However, this term is neither a scientific nor an epidemiologic classification that is helpful in describing either the source or the mode of transmission in outbreaks. In this paper, the authors provide examples of how and when the public health community has recognized potentially flawed or misleading taxonomy in the past and taken steps to improve the taxonomy's accuracy and usefulness. We also offer examples of alternative terms for classifying outbreaks since inaccurate descriptions of outbreaks could potentially lead to a flawed or incomplete set of underlying assumptions about the outbreak's causal factors. This, in turn, could lead to implementing a flawed or incomplete intervention or response strategy which could extend the duration of the outbreak, resulting in avoidable morbidity and mortality. C1 [Posid, Joseph M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goodman, Richard A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khan, Ali S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goodman, Richard A.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Posid, JM (reprint author), CDC, DPEI, NCEZID, Mailstop C-18,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmp2@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1017/dmp.2014.2 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL3XG UT WOS:000339064300013 PM 24612828 ER PT J AU Fischer, L Ellingson, K McCormick, K Sinkowitz-Cochran, R AF Fischer, Leah Ellingson, Katherine McCormick, Kelly Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda TI The Role of the Public Health Analyst in the Delivery of Technical Assistance to State Health Departments for Healthcare-associated Infection Prevention SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE technical assistance; federal agency; healthcare-associated infection; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; qualitative ID CAPACITY; INTERVENTIONS; PROGRAMS AB Introduction: Aligned with the goals of the DHHS Action Plan to Prevent Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs), in 2009 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) awarded cooperative agreements to 51 state and territorial health departments for purposes of developing and implementing strategies to reduce HAIs. These cooperative agreements through the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity for Infectious Diseases (ELC) were supported by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). Objectives: To systematically describe the perceptions of CDC public health analysts who delivered technical assistance (TA) to state health departments as part of the ELC cooperative agreement supported by ARRA to develop, implement, and/or expand HAI prevention programs. Research Design: Eight semistructured interviews using a standardized script were administered. Interviews were audio recorded; responses were transcribed, thematically coded, and analyzed using a qualitative immersion approach. Subjects: This study included CDC staff who provided TA to grantees of the ELC cooperative agreement supported by ARRA from September 2009 to December 2011. Results: Four convergent themes were identified, creating a framework of activities for the delivery of TA: acting as a liaison, facilitating training, providing administrative and program management support, and sharing/disseminating information to states. Having a liaison and providing informational resources to states were perceived as critical components of TA for HAI program sustainability. Conclusions: Findings provide a framework of core TA activities required to build and sustain capacity in state HAI prevention programs through the cooperative agreement structure. This categorization of themes can be used to assist other agencies and entities in planning for and provision of TA when utilizing cooperative agreements. C1 [Fischer, Leah; Ellingson, Katherine; McCormick, Kelly; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fischer, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lsfischer@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD FEB PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 SU 1 BP S54 EP S59 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ8AD UT WOS:000337923400008 PM 24430267 ER PT J AU Neton, JW AF Neton, James W. TI CHARACTERIZATION OF EXPOSURES TO WORKERS COVERED UNDER THE U. S. ENERGY EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION ACT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose reconstruction; exposure, radiation; health effects; National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements ID DOSE RECONSTRUCTION; PART-B; PROGRAM AB Since the mid-1940s, hundreds of thousands of workers have been engaged in nuclear weapons-related activities for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies. In 2000, Congress promulgated the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (EEOICPA), which provides monetary compensation and medical benefits to certain energy employees who have developed cancer. Under Part B of EEOICPA, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is required to estimate radiation doses for those workers who have filed a claim, or whose survivors have filed a claim, under Part B of the Act. To date, over 39,000 dose reconstructions have been completed for workers from more than 200 facilities. These reconstructions have included assessment of both internal and external exposure at all major DOE facilities, as well as at a large number of private companies [ known as Atomic Weapons Employer (AWE) facilities in the Act] that engaged in contract work for the DOE and its predecessor agencies. To complete these dose reconstructions, NIOSH has captured and reviewed thousands of historical documents related to site operations and worker/workplace monitoring practices at these facilities. Using the data collected and reviewed pursuant to NIOSH's role under EEOICPA, this presentation will characterize historical internal and external exposures received by workers at DOE and AWE facilities. To the extent possible, use will be made of facility specific coworker models to highlight changes in exposure patterns over time. In addition, the effects that these exposures have on compensation rates for workers are discussed. C1 NIOSH, Div Compensat Anal & Support, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Neton, JW (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Compensat Anal & Support, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop C-46, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jneton@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000008 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AJ2SO UT WOS:000337512400015 PM 24378500 ER PT J AU Lim, SS Bayakly, AR Helmick, CG Gordon, C Easley, KA Drenkard, C AF Lim, S. Sam Bayakly, A. Rana Helmick, Charles G. Gordon, Caroline Easley, Kirk A. Drenkard, Cristina TI The Incidence and Prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, 2002-2004 SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA; CARIBBEAN POPULATION; REVISED CRITERIA; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; NEPHRITIS; VALIDATION; MORTALITY; COMMUNITY; HEALTH AB Objective. The Georgia Lupus Registry is a population-based registry designed to improve our ability to estimate the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a large population. Methods. Potential cases of SLE were identified from multiple sources during the years 2002 through 2004. Cases were defined according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE or a combined definition. Age-standardized rates were determined and stratified by race and sex. With capture-recapture analyses, we estimated the underascertainment of cases. Results. Using the ACR case definition, the overall crude and age-adjusted incidence rate was 5.6 per 100,000, with capture-recapture and combined definition rates being slightly higher. The age-adjusted incidence rate in women was >5 times higher than that for men (9.2 versus 1.8). Black women had an incidence rate nearly 3 times higher than that in white women, with a significantly higher rate in the group ages 30-59 years. The overall crude and age-adjusted prevalence rates were 74.4 and 73 per 100,000, respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence rate in women was nearly 9 times higher than that for men (127.6 versus 14.7). Black women had very high rates (196.2). A striking difference was seen in the proportion of prevalent cases with end-stage renal disease, with 7-fold greater involvement among black patients. Conclusion. With the more complete case-finding methods we used, the incidence and prevalence rates of SLE are among the highest reported in the US. The results continue to underscore striking sex, age, and racial disparities between black patients and white patients with SLE. C1 [Lim, S. Sam; Easley, Kirk A.; Drenkard, Cristina] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Bayakly, A. Rana] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gordon, Caroline] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Lim, SS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, 49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM sslim@emory.edu RI Easley, Kirk/K-6910-2015 OI Easley, Kirk/0000-0003-4419-2617 FU CDC [PA03022]; [CDC-RFA-DP08-806] FX Supported in part by the CDC and by cooperative agreement CDC-RFA-DP08-806 and earlier by cooperative agreement PA03022 from the CDC. NR 39 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2326-5191 EI 2326-5205 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOL JI Arthritis Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 66 IS 2 BP 357 EP 368 DI 10.1002/art.38239 PG 12 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AJ0PQ UT WOS:000337357900016 PM 24504808 ER PT J AU Somers, EC Marder, W Cagnoli, P Lewis, EE DeGuire, P Gordon, C Helmick, CG Wang, L Wing, JJ Dhar, JP Leisen, J Shaltis, D McCune, WJ AF Somers, Emily C. Marder, Wendy Cagnoli, Patricia Lewis, Emily E. DeGuire, Peter Gordon, Caroline Helmick, Charles G. Wang, Lu Wing, Jeffrey J. Dhar, J. Patricia Leisen, James Shaltis, Diane McCune, W. Joseph TI Population-Based Incidence and Prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus The Michigan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance Program SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE METHODS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; REVISED CRITERIA; CLASSIFICATION; DERIVATION; INDEX AB Objective. To estimate the incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a sociodemographically diverse southeastern Michigan source population of 2.4 million people. Methods. SLE cases fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria (primary case definition) or meeting rheumatologist-judged SLE criteria (secondary definition) and residing in Wayne or Washtenaw Counties during 2002-2004 were included. Case finding was performed from 6 source types, including hospitals and private specialists. Age-standardized rates were computed, and capture-recapture was performed to estimate underascertainment of cases. Results. The overall age-adjusted incidence and prevalence (ACR definition) per 100,000 persons were 5.5 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 5.0-6.1) and 72.8 (95% CI 70.8-74.8). Among females, the incidence was 9.3 per 100,000 persons and the prevalence was 128.7 per 100,000 persons. Only 7 cases were estimated to have been missed by capture-recapture, adjustment for which did not materially affect the rates. SLE prevalence was 2.3-fold higher in black persons than in white persons, and 10-fold higher in females than in males. Among incident cases, the mean +/- SD age at diagnosis was 39.3 +/- 16.6 years. Black SLE patients had a higher proportion of renal disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (40.5% and 15.3%, respectively) as compared to white SLE patients (18.8% and 4.5%, respectively). Black patients with renal disease were diagnosed as having SLE at younger age than white patients with renal disease (mean +/- SD 34.4 +/- 14.9 years versus 41.9 +/- 21.3 years; P = 0.05). Conclusion. SLE prevalence was higher than has been described in most other population-based studies and reached 1 in 537 among black female persons. There were substantial racial disparities in the burden of SLE, with black patients experiencing earlier age at diagnosis, >2-fold increases in SLE incidence and prevalence, and increased proportions of renal disease and progression to ESRD as compared to white patients. C1 [Somers, Emily C.; Marder, Wendy; Cagnoli, Patricia; Lewis, Emily E.; Wang, Lu; Wing, Jeffrey J.; Shaltis, Diane; McCune, W. Joseph] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [DeGuire, Peter] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Gordon, Caroline] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Helmick, Charles G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dhar, J. Patricia] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Leisen, James] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. RP Somers, EC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Rheumatol, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr,POB 385, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM emsomers@umich.edu OI Somers, Emily/0000-0001-5234-3978 FU CDC; Michigan Department of Community Health [U58/CCU522826, U58/DP001441]; NIH (National Center for Research Resources) [UL1-RR-024986]; Herbert and Carol and Amster Lupus Research Fund; NIH [K01-ES-019909, K12-HD-001438] FX Supported by cooperative agreements between the CDC and the Michigan Department of Community Health (U58/CCU522826 and U58/DP001441), the NIH (National Center for Research Resources grant UL1-RR-024986), and the Herbert and Carol and Amster Lupus Research Fund. Dr. Somers' work was supported in part by the NIH (grant K01-ES-019909). Dr. Marder's work was supported in part by the NIH (grant K12-HD-001438). NR 31 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2326-5191 EI 2326-5205 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOL JI Arthritis Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 66 IS 2 BP 369 EP 378 DI 10.1002/art.38238 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AJ0PQ UT WOS:000337357900017 PM 24504809 ER PT J AU Kumar, G Zytnick, D Onufrak, S Harris, JL Wethington, H Kingsley, B Park, S AF Kumar, Gayathri Zytnick, Deena Onufrak, Stephen Harris, Jennifer L. Wethington, Holly Kingsley, Beverly Park, Sohyun TI Caregiver and Adolescent Responses to Food and Beverage Marketing Exposures Through an Online Survey SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article ID WEB SITES; CHILDREN; TELEVISION; INTERNET AB Background: The Institute of Medicine noted that current food and beverage marketing practices promote unhealthful diets. However, little public health research has been conducted on food marketing directed toward adolescents, especially using caregiverand adolescent-reported data. Methods: We assessed perceived frequency of food/beverage advertising exposure and common locations of food/beverage marketing exposure for adolescents using 2012 Summer ConsumerStyles and YouthStyles survey data on US adults >= 18 years of age and their children ages 12-17 (n = 847), respectively. Exposure to advertisements for fast food, soda, fruit drinks, sports drinks, energy drinks, and bottled water were categorized as < 1 time/week, 1-6 times/week, and >= 1 time/day, and don't know. Weighted chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between caregivers' and adolescents' responses. Results: The majority of caregivers and adolescents reported that adolescents viewed advertisements >= 1 time/day across all food/ beverage categories with the highest, at least daily, exposure reported for fast food. Caregivers more frequently reported that adolescents viewed all food/beverage advertisements >= 1 time/day than the adolescents reported (chi-square tests, p < 0.0001). Both caregivers and adolescents reported that the adolescents view food/beverage marketing most frequently on television followed by at the supermarket. Conclusions: Our study showed that adolescents reported lower frequency of food and beverage advertising exposure than their caregivers. Further research may be needed to verify self-reported exposure data on food and beverage advertising as a way to obtain data for use in research on its relationship with diet quality and obesity. C1 [Kumar, Gayathri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zytnick, Deena; Onufrak, Stephen; Wethington, Holly; Kingsley, Beverly; Park, Sohyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Harris, Jennifer L.] Yale Univ, Rudd Ctr Food Policy & Obes, New Haven, CT USA. RP Kumar, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wiz3@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 10 IS 1 BP 64 EP 71 DI 10.1089/chi.2013.0124 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AI5GC UT WOS:000336892400010 PM 24450384 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Kulkarni, AD Kushnir, VA Jamieson, DJ AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Kulkarni, Aniket D. Kushnir, Vitaly A. Jamieson, Denise J. CA Natl ART Surveillance Syst Grp TI Number of Embryos Transferred After In Vitro Fertilization and Good Perinatal Outcome SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; ELECTIVE SINGLE; UNITED-STATES; RELEVANT STANDARD; SUCCESS; QUALITY; CRYOPRESERVATION; METAANALYSIS; PREGNANCIES; CYCLES AB OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between number of embryos transferred and a measure of assisted reproductive technology success that emphasizes good perinatal outcome. METHODS: We analyzed assisted reproductive technology cycles initiated in 2011 that progressed to fresh embryo transfer among women using autologous oocytes and reported to the U. S. National Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System (n=82,508). Percentages of good perinatal outcome (live birth of a term [at or after 37 weeks of gestation], normal birth weight [2,500 g or greater] singleton) were stratified by prognosis (favorable, average, less favorable), age, embryo stage (day 3, day 5), and number of embryos transferred. Differences in the percentages by number of embryos transferred were evaluated using Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: Among patients younger than 35 years with a favorable prognosis, chances of a good perinatal outcome were higher with transferring a single (compared with double) day 5 (43% compared with 27%) or day 3 embryo (36% compared with 30%). Likewise, a higher chance of a good perinatal outcome was observed with transferring a single day 5 embryo in patients 35-37 years old with a favorable prognosis (39% compared with 28%) or patients younger than 35 years old with an average prognosis (35% compared with 26%). A higher chance of good perinatal outcome was associated with transfer-ring two (compared with one) day 3 embryos among patients aged 40 years or younger with an average prognosis or patients younger than 35 years old with a less favorable prognosis. CONCLUSION: The association between number of embryos transferred and the birth of a term, normal birth weight singleton is described. Among patients younger than 35 years of age undergoing in vitro fertilization with a favorable prognosis, the highest chance of good perinatal outcome is associated with a single embryo transfer. C1 [Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Human Reprod, New York, NY USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DKissin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 EI 1873-233X J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 123 IS 2 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000106 PN 1 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AI4AY UT WOS:000336808800004 PM 24402601 ER PT J AU Gray, KM Cohen, SM Hu, XH Li, JM Mermin, J Hall, HI AF Gray, Kristen Mahle Cohen, Stacy M. Hu, Xiaohong Li, Jianmin Mermin, Jonathan Hall, H. Irene TI Jurisdiction Level Differences in HIV Diagnosis, Retention in Care, and Viral Suppression in the United States SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV surveillance; HIV continuum of care ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTED PERSONS; MEDICAL-CARE; ASSOCIATION; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT AB Using data from the National HIV Surveillance System, we determined the number of persons diagnosed with HIV and the percentages of persons linked to care, retained in care, and virally suppressed across 19 jurisdictions with complete reporting of CD4 and viral load test results. Reports from these jurisdictions represent 37% of persons diagnosed with HIV infection in the United States in 2011. Although 80% of persons diagnosed in 2011 were linked to HIV medical care within 3 months of diagnosis, half of all persons living with HIV in the 19 jurisdictions were not receiving ongoing care in 2010. In addition, 43% of persons living with HIV by year-end 2009 and alive at year-end 2010 did not have a suppressed viral load, with substantial variability across the 19 jurisdictions. These data highlight the need for improved outcomes along each step of the HIV continuum of care. C1 [Gray, Kristen Mahle; Cohen, Stacy M.; Hu, Xiaohong; Li, Jianmin; Mermin, Jonathan; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gray, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS E-47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blo9@cdc.gov FU US Government FX Supported by US Government. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 65 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 DI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000028 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AG8DZ UT WOS:000335650300014 PM 24121761 ER PT J AU Edwards, RA Dee, D Umer, A Perrine, CG Shealy, KR Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Edwards, Roger A. Dee, Deborah Umer, Amna Perrine, Cria G. Shealy, Katherine R. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Using Benchmarking Techniques and the 2011 Maternity Practices Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) Survey to Improve Performance among Peer Groups across the United States SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Article DE assessment; quality improvement; benchmark; maternity; breastfeeding; United States; hospital practices ID HOSPITAL PRACTICES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BREAST; IMPLEMENTATION; CONTINUATION; PROMOTION; DURATION; MOTHERS; STAFF; MILK AB Background: A substantial proportion of US maternity care facilities engage in practices that are not evidence-based and that interfere with breastfeeding. The CDC Survey of Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) showed significant variation in maternity practices among US states. Objective: The purpose of this article is to use benchmarking techniques to identify states within relevant peer groups that were top performers on mPINC survey indicators related to breastfeeding support. Methods: We used 11 indicators of breastfeeding-related maternity care from the 2011 mPINC survey and benchmarking techniques to organize and compare hospital-based maternity practices across the 50 states and Washington, DC. We created peer categories for benchmarking first by region (grouping states by West, Midwest, South, and Northeast) and then by size (grouping states by the number of maternity facilities and dividing each region into approximately equal halves based on the number of facilities). Results: Thirty-four states had scores high enough to serve as benchmarks, and 32 states had scores low enough to reflect the lowest score gap from the benchmark on at least 1 indicator. No state served as the benchmark on more than 5 indicators and no state was furthest from the benchmark on more than 7 indicators. The small peer group benchmarks in the South, West, and Midwest were better than the large peer group benchmarks on 91%, 82%, and 36% of the indicators, respectively. In the West large, the Midwest large, the Midwest small, and the South large peer groups, 4-6 benchmarks showed that less than 50% of hospitals have ideal practice in all states. Conclusion: The evaluation presents benchmarks for peer group state comparisons that provide potential and feasible targets for improvement. C1 [Edwards, Roger A.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dee, Deborah; Perrine, Cria G.; Shealy, Katherine R.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Umer, Amna] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Edwards, RA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, 360 Huntington Ave,140 Fenway Bldg,R218, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM ro.edwards@neu.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007734] NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 EI 1552-5732 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1177/0890334413515948 PG 10 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AH1OP UT WOS:000335890900006 PM 24394963 ER PT J AU Li, CM Li, RW Ashley, CG Smiley, JM Cohen, JH Dee, DL AF Li, Chuan-Ming Li, Ruowei Ashley, Cindy G. Smiley, Janice M. Cohen, Jennifer H. Dee, Deborah L. TI Associations of Hospital Staff Training and Policies with Early Breastfeeding Practices SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Article DE hospitals; policy; Alabama; Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care; maternity care; breastfeeding; Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative ID UNITED-STATES; RISK; ATTITUDES; IMPACT; PROFESSIONALS; METAANALYSIS; PROMOTION; INCREASE; DISEASE; INFANCY AB Background: In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented the Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) survey in all US birth facilities to assess breastfeeding-related maternity practices. Maternity practices and hospital policies are known to influence breastfeeding, and Alabama breastfeeding rates are very low. Objective: Our objective was to assess whether staff training and structural-organizational aspects of care, such as policies, were associated with infants' breastfeeding behaviors 24 to 48 hours postpartum. Methods: We linked 2009 mPINC data from 48 Alabama hospitals with birth certificate and newborn screening databases. We used data collected 24 to 48 hours postpartum to classify 41 536 healthy, term, singleton infants as breastfed (any breast milk) or completely formula fed and examined associations with hospitals' mPINC scores in comparison with the state mean. We conducted multilevel analyses to assess infants' likelihood of being breastfed if their birth hospital scores were lower versus at least equal to the Alabama mean, accounting for hospital clustering, demographics, payment method, and prenatal care. Results: The odds of breastfeeding were greater in hospitals with a higher-than-state-mean score on the following: new employees' breastfeeding education, nurses' receipt of breastfeeding education in the past year, prenatal breastfeeding classes offered, having a lactation coordinator, and having a written breastfeeding policy. The number of recommended elements included in hospitals' written breastfeeding policies was positively associated with newborn breastfeeding rates. Conclusion: Educating hospital staff to improve breastfeeding-related knowledge, attitudes, and skills; implementing a written hospital breastfeeding policy; and ensuring continuity of prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding education and support may improve newborn breastfeeding rates. C1 [Li, Chuan-Ming; Ashley, Cindy G.; Smiley, Janice M.] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Bur Family Hlth Serv, Montgomery, AL 36102 USA. [Li, Ruowei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Jennifer H.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dee, Deborah L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, CM (reprint author), Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Div Sci Programs, NIH, 6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM chuan-ming.li@nih.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 EI 1552-5732 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 88 EP 96 DI 10.1177/0890334413484551 PG 9 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AH1OP UT WOS:000335890900013 PM 23603574 ER PT J AU Allen, JA Belay, B Perrine, CG AF Allen, Jessica A. Belay, Brook Perrine, Cria G. TI Using mPINC Data to Measure Breastfeeding Support for Hospital Employees SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Article DE employees; lactation program; Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care; hospitals; worksite; breastfeeding ID PHYSICIANS; BENEFITS AB Background: Employer support is important for mothers, as returning to work is a common reason for discontinuing breastfeeding. This article explores support available to breastfeeding employees of hospitals that provide maternity care. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of 7 different types of worksite support and changes in these supports available to breastfeeding employees at hospitals that provide maternity care from 2007 to 2011. Methods: Hospital data from the 2007, 2009, and 2011 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Survey on Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) were analyzed. Survey respondents were asked if the hospital provides any of the following supports to hospital staff: (1) a designated room to express milk, (2) on-site child care, (3) an electric breast pump, (4) permission to use existing work breaks to express milk, (5) a breastfeeding support group, (6) lactation consultant/specialist available for consult, and (7) paid maternity leave other than accrued vacation or sick leave. This study was exempt from ethical approval because it was a secondary analysis of a publicly available dataset. Results: Of the 7 worksite supports in hospitals measured, 6 increased and 1 decreased from 2007 to 2011. Across all survey years, more than 70% of hospitals provided supports for expressing breast milk, whereas less than 15% provided direct access to the breastfeeding child through on-site child care, and less than 35% offered paid maternity leave. Results differed by region and hospital size and type. In 2011, only 2% of maternity hospitals provided all 7 worksite supports; 40% provided 5 or more. Conclusion: The majority of maternity care hospitals (> 70%) offer breastfeeding supports that allow employees to express breast milk. Supports that provide direct access to the breastfeeding child, which would allow employees to breastfeed at the breast, and access to breastfeeding support groups are much less frequent than other supports, suggesting opportunities for improvement. C1 [Allen, Jessica A.; Belay, Brook; Perrine, Cria G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Allen, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JAAllen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007734] NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 EI 1552-5732 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 97 EP 101 DI 10.1177/0890334413495974 PG 5 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AH1OP UT WOS:000335890900014 PM 23860266 ER PT J AU Gedeborg, R Warner, M Chen, LH Gulliver, P Cryer, C Robitaille, Y Bauer, R Ubeda, C Lauritsen, J Harrison, J Henley, G Langley, J AF Gedeborg, Rolf Warner, Margaret Chen, Li-Hui Gulliver, Pauline Cryer, Colin Robitaille, Yvonne Bauer, Robert Ubeda, Clotilde Lauritsen, Jens Harrison, James Henley, Geoff Langley, John TI Internationally comparable diagnosis-specific survival probabilities for calculation of the ICD-10-based Injury Severity Score SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Trauma; injury; trauma severity indices; population surveillance; hospital mortality AB BACKGROUND: The International Statistical Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) -based Injury Severity Score (ICISS) performs well but requires diagnosis-specific survival probabilities (DSPs), which are empirically derived, for its calculation. The objective was to examine if DSPs based on data pooled from several countries could increase accuracy, precision, utility, and international comparability of DSPs and ICISS. METHODS: Australia, Argentina, Austria, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, and Sweden provided ICD-10-coded injury hospital discharge data, including in-hospital mortality status. Data from the seven countries were pooled using four different methods to create an international collaborative effort ICISS (ICE-ICISS). The ability of the ICISS to predict mortality using the country-specific DSPs and the pooled DSPs was estimated and compared. RESULTS: The pooled DSPs were based on a total of 3,966,550 observations of injury diagnoses from the seven countries. The proportion of injury diagnoses having at least 100 discharges to calculate the DSP varied from 12% to 48% in the country-specific data set and was 66% in the pooled data set. When compared with using a country's own DSPs for ICISS calculation, the pooled DSPs resulted in somewhat reduced discrimination in predicting mortality (difference in c statistic varied from 0.006 to 0.04). Calibration was generally good when the predicted mortality risk was less than 20%. When Danish and Swedish data were used, ICISS was combined with age and sex in a logistic regression model to predict in-hospital mortality. Including age and sex improved both discrimination and calibration substantially, and the differences from using country-specific or pooled DSPs were minor. CONCLUSION: Pooling data from seven countries generated empirically derived DSPs. These pooled DSPs facilitate international comparisons and enables the use of ICISS in all settings where ICD-10 hospital discharge diagnoses are available. The modest reduction in performance of the ICE-ICISS compared with the country-specific scores is unlikely to outweigh the benefit of internationally comparable Injury Severity Scores possible with pooled data. Copyright (C) 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Gedeborg, Rolf] Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci Anesthesiol & Intens Care, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Gedeborg, Rolf] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Warner, Margaret; Chen, Li-Hui] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Gulliver, Pauline; Cryer, Colin; Lauritsen, Jens] Univ Otago, Injury Prevent Res Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Robitaille, Yvonne] INSPQ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Bauer, Robert] Austrian Rd Safety Board, Res & Knowledge Management, Vienna, Austria. [Ubeda, Clotilde] Inst Nacl Epidemiol, Programa Prevenc Les Causas Externas, Dr JII Jara, ANLIS Malbran, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Lauritsen, Jens] Univ Southern Denmark, Odense Univ Hosp & IST Biostat, Accid Anal Grp, Odense C, Denmark. [Harrison, James; Henley, Geoff] Flinders Univ S Australia, Res Ctr Injury Studies, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. RP Gedeborg, R (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Uppsala Clin Res Ctr, UCR Scheele, Dag Hammarskjolds Vag 50A,3tr Sci Pk, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. EM rolf.gedeborg@surgsci.uu.se RI Gulliver, Pauline/N-1513-2014; Harrison, James/B-8958-2009; OI Gulliver, Pauline/0000-0002-7249-5132; Harrison, James/0000-0001-9893-8491; Lauritsen, Jens/0000-0001-9281-8990 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 2163-0755 EI 2163-0763 J9 J TRAUMA ACUTE CARE JI J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 76 IS 2 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182a9cd31 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA AH8KG UT WOS:000336386100015 PM 24398769 ER PT J AU Llata, E Stenger, M Bernstein, K Guerry, S Kerani, R Pugsley, R Pathela, P Tabidze, I Weinstock, H AF Llata, Eloisa Stenger, Mark Bernstein, Kyle Guerry, Sarah Kerani, Roxanne Pugsley, River Pathela, Preeti Tabidze, Irina Weinstock, Hillard CA SSuN GW Working Grp TI Prevalence of Genital Warts Among Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Patients-Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance Network, United States, January 2010 to December 2011 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; PRIVATE HEALTH PLANS; ANOGENITAL WARTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ECONOMIC BURDEN; CERVICAL-CANCER; WORLDWIDE; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB Background A quadrivalent vaccine that prevents genital warts (GWs) has been recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for women since 2007 and for men since 2011. National estimates of GW burden in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic settings are useful to provide a baseline assessment to monitor and evaluate reductions in GW and serve as an important early measure of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact in this population. Methods Genital wart prevalence among STD clinic patients from January 2010 to December 2011 was determined from a cross-sectional analysis of all patients attending STD clinics in the STD Surveillance Network (SSuN). We conducted bivariate analyses for women, men who have sex with women (MSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM) separately, using (2) statistics for the association between GW diagnosis and demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics. Results Among 241,630 STD clinic patients, 13,063 (5.4%) had GWs. Wide regional differences were observed across SSuN sites. The prevalence of GW was as follows: 7.5% among MSW (range by SSuN site, 3.9-15.2), 7.5% among MSM (range, 3.3-20.6), and 2.4% among women (range, 1.2-5.4). The highest rate was among 25- to 29-year-old MSW (9.8%). Non-Hispanic black women and MSW had a lower prevalence of GWs than did women and MSW in other racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions There is a significant burden of GW in STD clinic populations, most notably in men. Given the opportunity for prevention with a quadrivalent HPV vaccine, STD clinics may be an ideal setting for monitoring trends in GW prevalence among men (MSW and MSM). However, given the observed low GW prevalence among female STD clinic patients, STD clinics may not provide an appropriate setting to monitor the impact of HPV vaccine among women. C1 [Llata, Eloisa; Stenger, Mark; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bernstein, Kyle] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Guerry, Sarah] Los Angeles Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kerani, Roxanne] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Kerani, Roxanne] Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STD Res, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pugsley, River] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Pathela, Preeti] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Tabidze, Irina] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. RP Llata, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Gge3@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 41 IS 2 BP 89 EP 93 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000077 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AH5YY UT WOS:000336208800003 PM 24413486 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Tao, GY Gift, TL Wang, AL Wang, LH Tun, Y Wei, XY Wang, LM Fuller, S Kamb, ML Bulterys, M AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Tao, Guoyu Gift, Thomas L. Wang, Ailing Wang, Linhong Tun, Ye Wei, XiaoYu Wang, LiMing Fuller, Serena Kamb, Mary L. Bulterys, Marc TI Cost-effectiveness of Integrated Routine Offering of Prenatal HIV and Syphilis Screening in China SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; SOUTH-AFRICA; WOMEN; TRANSMISSION; HEALTH; PREVENTION; PROGRAM AB Background In China, recent rises in syphilis and HIV cases have increased the focus on preventing mother-to-child transmission of these infections. We assess the health and economic outcomes of different strategies of prenatal HIV and syphilis screening from the local health department's perspective. Methods A Markov cohort decision analysis model was used to estimate the health and economic outcomes of pregnancy using disease prevalence and cost data from local sources and, if unavailable, from published literature. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included induced abortion, stillbirth, low birth weight, neonatal death, congenital syphilis in live-born infants, and perinatal HIV infection. We examined 4 screening strategies: no screening, screening for HIV only, for syphilis only, and for both HIV and syphilis. We estimated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for each health outcome using life expectancies and infections for mothers and newborns. Results For a simulated cohort of 10,000 pregnant women (0.07% prevalence for HIV and 0.25% for syphilis; 10% of HIV-positives were coinfected with syphilis), the estimated costs per DALY prevented were as follows: syphilis-only, $168; HIV-and-syphilis, $359; and HIV-only, $5636. The estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio if an existing HIV-only strategy added syphilis screening (i.e., move from the HIV-only strategy to the HIV-and-syphilis strategy) was $140 per additional DALY prevented. Conclusions Given the increasing prevalence of syphilis and HIV among pregnant women in China, prenatal HIV screening programs that also include syphilis screening are likely to be substantially more cost-effective than HIV screening alone and prevent many more adverse pregnancy outcomes. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Tao, Guoyu; Gift, Thomas L.; Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Ailing; Wang, Linhong] China CDC, Natl Ctr Women & Childrens Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tun, Ye] CDC, Off Director, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wei, XiaoYu; Wang, LiMing; Fuller, Serena; Bulterys, Marc] China Off, CDC Global AIDS Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fuller, Serena] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Bulterys, Marc] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 41 IS 2 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000085 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AH5YY UT WOS:000336208800006 PM 24413489 ER PT J AU Carter, JW Hart-Cooper, GD Butler, MO Workowski, KA Hoover, KW AF Carter, Jarvis W., Jr. Hart-Cooper, Geoffrey D. Butler, Mary O. Workowski, Kimberly A. Hoover, Karen W. TI Provider Barriers Prevent Recommended Sexually Transmitted Disease Screening of HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; PRIMARY-CARE; EPIDEMIOLOGIC SYNERGY; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; SYPHILIS; HEALTH; RISK; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES AB Background HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk for transmitting and acquiring sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Guidelines recommend at least annual screening of HIV-infected MSM for syphilis and for chlamydia and gonorrhea at exposed anatomical sites, to protect their health and their sexual partners' health. Despite these guidelines, STD screening has been suboptimal, with very low nongenital chlamydia and gonorrhea testing rates. Our objective was to better understand barriers encountered by HIV care providers in adhering to STD screening guidelines for HIV-infected MSM. Methods We conducted 40 individual semistructured interviews with health care providers (physicians, midlevel providers, nurses, and health educators) of HIV-infected MSM at 8 large HIV clinics in 6 US cities. Providers were asked about their STD screening practices and barriers to conducting sexual risk assessments of their patients. Emerging themes were identified by qualitative data analysis. Results Although most health care providers reported routine syphilis screening, screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea at exposed anatomical sites was less frequent. Obstacles that prevented routine chlamydia and gonorrhea screening included time constraints, difficulty obtaining a sexual history, language and cultural barriers, and patient confidentiality concerns. Conclusions Providers reported many obstacles to routine chlamydia and gonorrhea screening. Interventions are needed to help to mitigate barriers to STD screening, such as structural and patient-directed health services models that might facilitate increased testing coverage of these important preventive services. C1 [Carter, Jarvis W., Jr.; Hart-Cooper, Geoffrey D.; Workowski, Kimberly A.; Hoover, Karen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Butler, Mary O.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anthropol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Workowski, Kimberly A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carter, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM khoover@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 41 IS 2 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000067 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AH5YY UT WOS:000336208800013 PM 24413496 ER PT J AU Schulte, JM Bellamy, AR Hook, EW Bernstein, DI Levin, MJ Leone, PA Sokol-Anderson, ML Ewell, MG Wolff, PA Heineman, TC Belshe, RB AF Schulte, Joann M. Bellamy, Abbie R. Hook, Edward W., III Bernstein, David I. Levin, Myron J. Leone, Peter A. Sokol-Anderson, Marcia L. Ewell, Marian G. Wolff, Peter A. Heineman, Thomas C. Belshe, Robert B. TI HSV-1 and HSV-2 Seroprevalence in the United States among Asymptomatic Women Unaware of Any Herpes Simplex Virus Infection (Herpevac Trial for Women) SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE herpes simplex; seroprevalence ID GENITAL HERPES; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; HAD SEX; TYPE-1; TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; ANTIBODIES AB Objectives Recent evidence suggests that the epidemiology of herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) is changing because fewer HSV-1 infections are acquired in childhood and increased sexual transmission of HSV-1 is reported. The objective of the study was to assess the seroprevalence of type-specific antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the United States. Methods We used the Western blot antibody screening data from a large phase III vaccine efficacy trial (Herpevac Trial for Women) to assess the seroprevalence of type-specific antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 in the United States. Results The antibody status of 29,022 women (>31,000 women interviewed and then had their blood drawn for the HSV testing [29,022 women]) between the ages of 18 and 30 years in the United States revealed that increasing age was associated with increasing seroprevalence to HSV. Overall, in asymptomatic women unaware of any HSV infection, HSV-1/-2 status was positive/negative in 45%, negative/positive in 5%, positive/positive in 7%, negative/negative in 38%, and indeterminate in 5%. HSV-1 infections were more common in Hispanic and non-Hispanic black women and in the US northeast and in individuals living in urban areas. HSV-2 was more common in non-Hispanic black women, the US south, and in urban areas. Conclusions Seronegative status for both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was the second most common finding after positive antibody to HSV-1 but negative antibody to HSV-2. Despite recent changes in genital herpes epidemiology, most women acquired HSV-1 but not HSV-2 infections before 18 years of age. Among participants screened for study participation and who were unaware of any HSV infection, progressively higher prevalence of the HSV-1 or HSV-2 antibody was observed in older subjects. Many women who test positive for HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 are unaware of their status. C1 NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EMMES Corp, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA. Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. St Louis Univ, Div Infect Dis Allergy & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. GlaxoSmithKline, King Of Prussia, PA USA. RP Schulte, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, MS E04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jzs1@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [N01-AI-45250]; GlaxoSmithKline; EMMES Corporation; BD Diagnostics; Cempra; Roche Molecular Systems; Hologic; Gen-Probe FX This study was funded by Contract #N01-AI-45250 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and by GlaxoSmithKline.; A.R.B. has received a consultancy fee from EMMES Corporation. E. W. H. has been a consultant to Cempra, Hologic, and Scienta Advisors; has received grants from BD Diagnostics, Cempra, Roche Molecular Systems, Hologic, and Gen-Probe; has served on the speakers' bureaus of BD Diagnostics and Cepheid; has received royalties from McGraw-Hill Companies; has received compensation for development of educational presentations from Quest Diagnostics and Omnia Education; and has received compensation from MedHelp.org. D. I. B. has received royalties from GlaxoSmithKline for an unrelated vaccine, has been a member of the speakers' bureau for GlaxoSmithKline, has received compensation from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) related to the present study, has been a consultant to N&N Scientific, and has received compensation from GlaxoSmithKline for the Rotarix patent and the sale of Rotarix; his institution has been compensated for the same patent and sale. M.J.L. has received research funds for a separate GlaxoSmithKline study and has been a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline on vaccine policy. P. A. L. has been a consultant to Merck and has served on the speakers' bureau of Abbott Diagnostics. T. C. H. is an employee of GlaxoSmithKline. R. B. B. has served on a data and safety monitoring board for GlaxoSmithKline on an unrelated vaccine, has received compensation from the NIH for the present study, has consulted to Genocea, and has served on the speakers' bureau of Medimmune. The other authors have no financial relationships to disclose and no conflicts of interest to report. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 EI 1541-8243 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 107 IS 2 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1097/SMJ.0000000000000062 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AH6TV UT WOS:000336264600005 PM 24926671 ER PT J AU Sejvar, JJ AF Sejvar, James J. TI Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of West Nile Virus Infection SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Review DE West Nile virus; meningitis; encephalitis; poliomyelitis; outcomes ID HUMANIZED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; POLIOMYELITIS-LIKE SYNDROME; ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS; MR-IMAGING FINDINGS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; NEUROINVASIVE DISEASE; FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID AB Since the emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America in 1999, understanding of the clinical features, spectrum of illness and eventual functional outcomes of human illness has increased tremendously. Most human infections with WNV remain clinically silent. Among those persons developing symptomatic illness, most develop a self-limited febrile illness. More severe illness with WNV (West Nile neuroinvasive disease, WNND) is manifested as meningitis, encephalitis or an acute anterior (polio) myelitis. These manifestations are generally more prevalent in older persons or those with immunosuppression. In the future, a more thorough understanding of the long-term physical, cognitive and functional outcomes of persons recovering from WNV illness will be important in understanding the overall illness burden. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sejvar, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zea3@cdc.gov NR 109 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 11 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD FEB PY 2014 VL 6 IS 2 BP 606 EP 623 DI 10.3390/v6020606 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA AG9OH UT WOS:000335748500025 PM 24509812 ER PT J AU Vincent, A Awada, L Brown, I Chen, H Claes, F Dauphin, G Donis, R Culhane, M Hamilton, K Lewis, N Mumford, E Nguyen, T Parchariyanon, S Pasick, J Pavade, G Pereda, A Peiris, M Saito, T Swenson, S Van Reeth, K Webby, R Wong, F Ciacci-Zanella, J AF Vincent, A. Awada, L. Brown, I. Chen, H. Claes, F. Dauphin, G. Donis, R. Culhane, M. Hamilton, K. Lewis, N. Mumford, E. Nguyen, T. Parchariyanon, S. Pasick, J. Pavade, G. Pereda, A. Peiris, M. Saito, T. Swenson, S. Van Reeth, K. Webby, R. Wong, F. Ciacci-Zanella, J. TI Review of Influenza A Virus in Swine Worldwide: A Call for Increased Surveillance and Research SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Influenza A virus; swine; one health; surveillance ID PANDEMIC H1N1 2009; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; SOUTHERN CHINA; H3N2 VIRUSES; ANTIGENIC CHARACTERIZATION; AVIAN-LIKE; PIGS; REASSORTANT; HUMANS AB Pigs and humans have shared influenza A viruses (IAV) since at least 1918, and many interspecies transmission events have been documented since that time. However, despite this interplay, relatively little is known regarding IAV circulating in swine around the world compared with the avian and human knowledge base. This gap in knowledge impedes our understanding of how viruses adapted to swine or man impacts the ecology and evolution of IAV as a whole and the true impact of swine IAV on human health. The pandemic H1N1 that emerged in 2009 underscored the need for greater surveillance and sharing of data on IAV in swine. In this paper, we review the current state of IAV in swine around the world, highlight the collaboration between international organizations and a network of laboratories engaged in human and animal IAV surveillance and research, and emphasize the need to increase information in high-priority regions. The need for global integration and rapid sharing of data and resources to fight IAV in swine and other animal species is apparent, but this effort requires grassroots support from governments, practicing veterinarians and the swine industry and, ultimately, requires significant increases in funding and infrastructure. C1 [Vincent, A.] USDA ARS NADC, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Awada, L.; Hamilton, K.; Pavade, G.] World Org Anim Hlth OIE, Paris, France. [Brown, I.] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Weybridge, Surrey, England. [Chen, H.] Harbin Vet Res Inst, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Claes, F.; Dauphin, G.] Food & Agr Org United Nations FAO, Rome, Italy. [Donis, R.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Culhane, M.] Univ Minnesota, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lewis, N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Mumford, E.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Nguyen, T.] Natl Ctr Vet Diagnost, Dept Anim Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Parchariyanon, S.] Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Pasick, J.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Pereda, A.] Inst Virol INTA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Peiris, M.] Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Saito, T.] Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Ibaraki, Japan. [Swenson, S.] USDA APHIS NVSL, Ames, IA USA. [Van Reeth, K.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Webby, R.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Wong, F.] CSIRO Livestock Ind, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic, Australia. [Ciacci-Zanella, J.] EMBRAPA Swine & Poultry, Concordia, SC, Brazil. RP Vincent, A (reprint author), USDA ARS NADC, Virus & Prion Res Unit, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov RI Wong, Frank/H-1950-2013; Brown, Ian/E-1119-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Zanella, Janice/C-3632-2014; OI Mumford, Elizabeth/0000-0002-9548-9675 NR 87 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 61 IS 1 BP 4 EP 17 DI 10.1111/zph.12049 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AI1FI UT WOS:000336595300002 PM 23556412 ER PT J AU Kim, BI Blanton, JD Gilbert, A Castrodale, L Hueffer, K Slate, D Rupprecht, CE AF Kim, B. I. Blanton, J. D. Gilbert, A. Castrodale, L. Hueffer, K. Slate, D. Rupprecht, C. E. TI A Conceptual Model for the Impact of Climate Change on Fox Rabies in Alaska, 1980-2010 SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Climate change; rabies; red fox; arctic fox; epizootiology ID ARCTIC FOX; ALOPEX-LAGOPUS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; VULPES-VULPES; RED FOXES; SEA-ICE; VIRUS; COMPETITION; ONTARIO; ELIMINATION AB The direct and interactive effects of climate change on host species and infectious disease dynamics are likely to initially manifest at latitudinal extremes. As such, Alaska represents a region in the United States for introspection on climate change and disease. Rabies is enzootic among arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) throughout the northern polar region. In Alaska, arctic and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are reservoirs for rabies, with most domestic animal and wildlife cases reported from northern and western coastal Alaska. Based on passive surveillance, a pronounced seasonal trend in rabid foxes occurs in Alaska, with a peak in winter and spring. This study describes climatic factors that may be associated with reported cyclic rabies occurrence. Based upon probabilistic modelling, a stronger seasonal effect in reported fox rabies cases appears at higher latitudes in Alaska, and rabies in arctic foxes appear disproportionately affected by climatic factors in comparison with red foxes. As temperatures continue a warming trend, a decrease in reported rabid arctic foxes may be expected. The overall epidemiology of rabies in Alaska is likely to shift to increased viral transmission among red foxes as the primary reservoir in the region. Information on fox and lemming demographics, in addition to enhanced rabies surveillance among foxes at finer geographic scales, will be critical to develop more comprehensive models for rabies virus transmission in the region. C1 [Kim, B. I.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kim, B. I.; Blanton, J. D.; Gilbert, A.; Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Castrodale, L.] Alaska Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. [Hueffer, K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Hueffer, K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Slate, D.] Wildlife Serv, Natl Rabies Management Program, USDA, Manchester, NH USA. RP Blanton, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asi5@cdc.gov FU National Center for Research Resources [5P20RR016466-12]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health [8 P20 GM103395-12] FX The authors thank the Alaska Division of Public Health for their contribution in collecting and maintaining rabies surveillance data; Dustyn Palmer and Jessie Dyer, CDC Rabies program, for assistance with providing map figures; Ivan Kuzmin, CDC Rabies program for reviewing the manuscript; and Christine Fehlner-Gardiner, Canadian Food Inspection Agency Centre of Expertise for Rabies, for review of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their institutions. Karsten Hueffer is supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5P20RR016466-12) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P20 GM103395-12) from the National Institutes of Health. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 61 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 DI 10.1111/zph.12044 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AI1FI UT WOS:000336595300009 PM 23452510 ER PT J AU Fanfair, RN Workowski, KA AF Fanfair, Robyn Neblett Workowski, Kimberly A. TI Clinical update in sexually transmitted diseases-2014 SO CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS; GENITAL HERPES; UNITED-STATES; MYCOPLASMA-GENITALIUM; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; TREATMENT GUIDELINES; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AB Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and their associated syndromes are extremely common in clinical practice. Early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and partner management are important to ensure sexual, physical, and reproductive health in our patients. C1 [Fanfair, Robyn Neblett; Workowski, Kimberly A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Workowski, Kimberly A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fanfair, RN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyo5@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU CLEVELAND CLINIC PI CLEVELAND PA 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA SN 0891-1150 EI 1939-2869 J9 CLEV CLIN J MED JI Clevel. Clin. J. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 81 IS 2 BP 91 EP 101 DI 10.3949/ccjm.81a.13090 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AH1VU UT WOS:000335910600010 PM 24493491 ER PT J AU Barbosa, C Smith, EA Hoerger, TJ Fenlon, N Schillie, SF Bradley, C Murphy, TV AF Barbosa, Carolina Smith, Emily A. Hoerger, Thomas J. Fenlon, Nancy Schillie, Sarah F. Bradley, Christina Murphy, Trudy V. TI Cost-effectiveness Analysis of the National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness; QALY; cost; perinatal; infection; hepatitis B; immunization programs ID ANTIGEN-POSITIVE MOTHERS; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; CARRIER MOTHERS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; NEWBORN-INFANTS; FOLLOW-UP; VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the national Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP) over the lifetime of the 2009 US birth cohort and compare the costs and outcomes of the program to a scenario without PHBPP support. PHBPP's goals are to ensure all infants born to hepatitis B (HepB) surface antigen-positive women receive timely postexposure prophylaxis, complete HepB vaccine series, and obtain serologic testing after series completion. METHODS: A decision analytic tree and a long-term Markov model represented the risk of perinatal and childhood infections under different prevention alternatives, and the long-term health and economic consequences of HepB infection. Outcome measures were the number of perinatal infections and childhood infections from infants born to HepB surface antigen-positive women, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), lifetime costs, and incremental cost per QALY gained. The health outcomes and total costs of each strategy were compared incrementally. Costs were evaluated from the health care system perspective and expressed in US dollars at a 2010 price base. RESULTS: In all analyses, the PHBPP increased QALYs and led to higher reductions in the number of perinatal and childhood infections than no PHBPP, with a cost-effectiveness ratio of $ 2602 per QALY. In sensitivity analyses, the cost-effectiveness ratio was robust to variations in model inputs, and there were instances where the program was both more effective and cost saving. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that the current PHBPP represents a cost-effective use of resources, and ensuring the program reaches all pregnant women could present additional public health benefits. Pediatrics 2014; 133: 243-253 C1 [Barbosa, Carolina; Hoerger, Thomas J.; Bradley, Christina] RTI Int, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. [Smith, Emily A.; Schillie, Sarah F.; Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fenlon, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barbosa, C (reprint author), RTI Int, 230 West Monroe St,Ste 2100, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. EM cbarbosa@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2009-30991 T03] FX RTI International's work on the project was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 200-2009-30991 T03. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2014 VL 133 IS 2 BP 243 EP 253 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-0718 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AD7AR UT WOS:000333413600010 PM 24394684 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Lovegrove, MC Rose, KO AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Lovegrove, Maribeth C. Rose, Kathleen O. TI Adherence to Label and Device Recommendations for Over-the-Counter Pediatric Liquid Medications SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE dosing error; unintentional overdose; medication label; dosing; device; over-the-counter medicines ID DOSING ERRORS; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVE: To reduce dosing errors when administering orally ingested over-the-counter liquid medications, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Consumer Healthcare Products Association released voluntary recommendations for dosing directions and dosing devices. This study assessed recommendation adherence for national brand name orally ingested over-the-counter liquid pediatric analgesics/ antipyretics and cough, cold, and allergy medications available after the FDA guidance was finalized in 2011 to identify and prioritize specific improvements to dosing directions and devices. METHODS: Recommendations were categorized as top tier or low tier based on potential to directly address $ 3-fold dosing errors. Two independent reviewers assessed dosing directions and accompanying dosing devices for adherence to recommendations. RESULTS: Of 68 products, 91% of dosing directions and 62% of dosing devices adhered to all top tier recommendations; 57% of products adhered to every top tier recommendation, and 93% adhered to all or all but one. A dosing device was included with all products. No dosing directions used atypical volumetric units (eg, drams), and no devices used volumetric units that did not appear in dosing directions. Six products used trailing zeros or failed to use leading zeros with decimal doses; eight did not use small font for fractions. Product adherence to low tier recommendations ranged from 26% to 91%. CONCLUSIONS: Products adhered to most recommendations in the final FDA guidance and Consumer Healthcare Products Association guideline, suggesting that these voluntary initiatives promote adherence to recommendations. Improving adherence to recommendations should be prioritized based on potential to reduce harm. Pediatrics 2014; 133: e283-e290 C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.; Lovegrove, Maribeth C.; Rose, Kathleen O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rose, Kathleen O.] CACI Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2014 VL 133 IS 2 BP E283 EP E290 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-2362 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AD7AR UT WOS:000333413600017 PM 24394683 ER PT J AU Fain, BA Koonin, LM Stoto, MA Shah, UA Cooper, SR Piltch-Loeb, RN Kellermann, AL AF Fain, Barbara A. Koonin, Lisa M. Stoto, Michael A. Shah, Umair A. Cooper, Susan R. Piltch-Loeb, Rachael N. Kellermann, Arthur L. TI Facilitating Access to Antiviral Medications and Information During an Influenza Pandemic: Engaging with the Public on Possible New Strategies SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NURSE TRIAGE LINE AB Antiviral medications can decrease the severity and duration of influenza, but they are most effective if started within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. In a severe influenza pandemic, normal channels of obtaining prescriptions and medications could become overwhelmed. To assess public perception of the acceptability and feasibility of alternative strategies for prescribing, distributing, and dispensing antivirals and disseminating information about influenza and its treatment, the Institute of Medicine, with technical assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), convened public engagement events in 3 demographically and geographically diverse communities: Fort Benton, MT; Chattanooga, TN; and Los Angeles, CA. Participants were introduced to the issues associated with pandemic influenza and the challenges of ensuring timely public access to information and medications. They then discussed the advantages and disadvantages of 5 alternative strategies currently being considered by the CDC and its partners. Participants at all 3 venues expressed high levels of acceptance for each of the proposed strategies and contributed useful ideas to support their implementation. This article discusses the key findings from these sessions. C1 [Fain, Barbara A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Betsy Lehman Ctr Patient Safety & Med Error Reduc, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Fain, Barbara A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Koonin, Lisa M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stoto, Michael A.; Piltch-Loeb, Rachael N.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Hlth Syst Adm, Washington, DC USA. [Shah, Umair A.] Harris Cty Publ Hlth & Environm Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Cooper, Susan R.] Reg One Hlth, Ambulatory Serv, Memphis, TN USA. [Cooper, Susan R.] Reg One Hlth, Memphis, TN USA. [Kellermann, Arthur L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Fain, BA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med Publ Hlth & Community Med, 135 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM barbara.fain@tufts.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 12 IS 1 BP 8 EP 19 DI 10.1089/bsp.2013.0058 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA AB0EA UT WOS:000331463400002 PM 24552360 ER PT J AU Pillai, SK Chang, A Murphy, MW Buzzell, J Ansari, A Whitcomb, RC Miller, C Jones, R Saunders, DP Cavicchia, P Watkins, SM Blackmore, C Williamson, JA Stephens, M Morrison, M McNees, J Murphree, R Buchanan, M Hogan, A Lando, J Nambiar, A Torso, L Melnic, JM Yang, L Lewis, L AF Pillai, Satish K. Chang, Arthur Murphy, Matthew W. Buzzell, Jennifer Ansari, Armin Whitcomb, Robert C., Jr. Miller, Charles Jones, Robert Saunders, David P. Cavicchia, Philip Watkins, Sharon M. Blackmore, Carina Williamson, John A. Stephens, Michael Morrison, Melissa McNees, James Murphree, Rendi Buchanan, Martha Hogan, Anthony Lando, James Nambiar, Atmaram Torso, Lauren Melnic, Joseph M. Yang, Lucie Lewis, Lauren TI 2011 Investigation of Internal Contamination with Radioactive Strontium Following Rubidium Rb 82 Cardiac PET Scan SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB During routine screening in 2011, US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) identified 2 persons with elevated radioactivity. CBP, in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory, informed the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that these people could have increased radiation exposure as a result of undergoing cardiac Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans several months earlier with rubidium Rb 82 chloride injection from CardioGen-82. We conducted a multistate investigation to assess the potential extent and magnitude of radioactive strontium overexposure among patients who had undergone Rb 82 PET scans. We selected a convenience sample of clinical sites in 4 states and reviewed records to identify eligible study participants, defined as people who had had an Rb 82 PET scan between February and July 2011. All participants received direct radiation screening using a radioisotope identifier able to detect the gamma energy specific for strontium-85 (514keV) and urine bioassay for excreted radioactive strontium. We referred a subset of participants with direct radiation screening counts above background readings for whole body counting (WBC) using a rank ordering of direct radiation screening. The rank order list, from highest to lowest, was used to contact and offer voluntary enrollment for WBC. Of 308 participants, 292 (95%) had direct radiation screening results indistinguishable from background radiation measurements; 261 of 265 (98%) participants with sufficient urine for analysis had radioactive strontium results below minimum detectable activity. None of the 23 participants who underwent WBC demonstrated elevated strontium activity above levels associated with routine use of the rubidium Rb 82 generator. Among investigation participants, we did not identify evidence of strontium internal contamination above permissible levels. This investigation might serve as a model for future investigations of radioactive internal contamination incidents. C1 [Pillai, Satish K.; Chang, Arthur] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Murphy, Matthew W.; Ansari, Armin; Miller, Charles; Saunders, David P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Buzzell, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Whitcomb, Robert C., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lewis, Lauren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cavicchia, Philip] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Watkins, Sharon M.; Blackmore, Carina] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Stephens, Michael] Florida Dept Hlth, Florida Bur Radiat Control, Div Emergency Preparedness & Community Support, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Williamson, John A.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Radiat Control, Environm Radiat Programs, Orlando, FL USA. [Morrison, Melissa] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Emergency Preparedness, Montgomery, AL USA. [McNees, James] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Off Radiat Control, Montgomery, AL 36102 USA. [Murphree, Rendi] CDC, Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Buchanan, Martha] Knox Cty Hlt Dept, Knoxville, TN USA. [Hogan, Anthony] Tennessee Dept Environm & Conservat, Div Radiol Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Lando, James] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Nambiar, Atmaram; Torso, Lauren] Dept Hlth, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol, Bur Epidemiol, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Melnic, Joseph M.] Bur Radiat Protect, Dept Environm Protect, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Yang, Lucie] US FDA, Div Nonprescript Clin Evaluat, Off New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Pillai, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEZID Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C18, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vig8@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 12 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1089/bsp.2013.0072 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA AB0EA UT WOS:000331463400005 PM 24552361 ER PT J AU Ramage, JG Prentice, KW Morse, SA Carter, AJ Datta, S Drumgoole, R Gargis, SR Griffin-Thomas, L Hastings, R Masri, HP Reed, MS Sharma, SK Singh, AK Swaney, E Swanson, T Gauthier, C Toney, D Pohl, J Shakamuri, P Stuchlik, O Elder, IA Estacio, PL Garber, EAE Hojvat, S Kellogg, RB Kovacs, G Stanker, L Weigel, L Hodge, DR Pillai, SP AF Ramage, Jason G. Prentice, Kristin Willner Morse, Stephen A. Carter, Andrew J. Datta, Shomik Drumgoole, Rahsaan Gargis, Shaw R. Griffin-Thomas, LaToya Hastings, Rebecca Masri, Heather P. Reed, Matthew S. Sharma, Shashi K. Singh, Ajay K. Swaney, Erin Swanson, Tanya Gauthier, Cheryl Toney, Denise Pohl, Jan Shakamuri, Priyanka Stuchlik, Olga Elder, Ian A. Estacio, Peter L. Garber, Eric A. E. Hojvat, Sally Kellogg, Richard B. Kovacs, Gerald Stanker, Larry Weigel, Linda Hodge, David R. Pillai, Segaran P. TI Comprehensive Laboratory Evaluation of a Specific Lateral Flow Assay for the Presumptive Identification of Abrin in Suspicious White Powders and Environmental Samples SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; A A-CHAIN; ABRUS-PRECATORIUS; IN-VITRO; RICIN; AGGLUTININ; EXPRESSION; TOXICITY AB Abrin is a heterodimeric toxin present in the seeds of the Abrus precatorius plant. The easily obtainable seeds can yield a highly toxic product that can be used in various types of biocrimes and terrorism-related activities, including "white-powder" letters. Although the vast majority of these threats are hoaxes, the lack of rapid and reliable detection assays for abrin, such as lateral flow assays (LFAs), can be an impediment to accurate and rapid hazard assessment. One of the complicating factors associated with LFAs is the use of antibodies of poor affinity and specificity that cross-react with near neighbors or that bind to plant lectins, which are capable of nonspecifically cross-linking the capture and detector antibodies. Because of the critical need to promote public safety and public health, we conducted a comprehensive laboratory evaluation of a commercial LFA for the rapid detection of abrin. This study was conducted using comprehensive inclusivity and exclusivity panels of abrin and near-neighbor plant materials, along with panels of lectins, related proteins, white powders, and environmental background material, to determine the sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection, dynamic range, and repeatability of the assay for the specific intended use of evaluating suspicious white powders and environmental samples for the presumptive presence of abrin. C1 [Ramage, Jason G.; Prentice, Kristin Willner] Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, Mclean, VA USA. [Hodge, David R.; Pillai, Segaran P.] US Dept Homeland Secur, Chem & Biol Def Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20528 USA. [Morse, Stephen A.; Carter, Andrew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Datta, Shomik; Sharma, Shashi K.; Singh, Ajay K.; Garber, Eric A. E.] US FDA, Off Regulatory Sci, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Drumgoole, Rahsaan; Swaney, Erin] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Emergency Preparedness Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Gargis, Shaw R.] CDC, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Griffin-Thomas, LaToya; Masri, Heather P.; Toney, Denise] Div Consolidated Lab Serv, Richmond, VA USA. [Hastings, Rebecca; Swanson, Tanya; Gauthier, Cheryl] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, State Lab Inst, Bioterrorism Response Lab, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Reed, Matthew S.; Shakamuri, Priyanka] CDC, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pohl, Jan] CDC, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Elder, Ian A.] US Dept Homeland Secur, Washington, DC USA. [Estacio, Peter L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Hojvat, Sally] US FDA, Div Microbiol Devices, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kellogg, Richard B.; Weigel, Linda] CDC, Lab Preparedness & Response Branch, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kovacs, Gerald] ABL Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Stanker, Larry] USDA ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Control Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Pillai, SP (reprint author), US Dept Homeland Secur, Chem & Biol Def Div, Sci & Technol Directorate, Washington, DC 20528 USA. EM Segaran.Pillai@HQ.DHS.GOV NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 12 IS 1 BP 49 EP 62 DI 10.1089/bsp.2013.0080 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA AB0EA UT WOS:000331463400006 PM 24552362 ER PT J AU Verma, M Rogers, S Divi, RL Schully, SD Nelson, S Su, J Ross, SA Pilch, S Winn, DM Khoury, MJ AF Verma, Mukesh Rogers, Scott Divi, Rao L. Schully, Sheri D. Nelson, Stefanie Su, Joseph Ross, Sharon A. Pilch, Susan Winn, Deborah M. Khoury, Muin J. TI Epigenetic Research in Cancer Epidemiology: Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Review ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; MOLECULARLY DEFINED SUBTYPES; EPITHELIAL OVARIAN-CANCER; DNA METHYLATION LEVELS; NEW-YORK SITE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; PROMOTER METHYLATION; FAMILY REGISTRY AB Epigenetics is emerging as an important field in cancer epidemiology that promises to provide insights into gene regulation and facilitate cancer control throughout the cancer care continuum. Increasingly, investigators are incorporating epigenetic analysis into the studies of etiology and outcomes. To understand current progress and trends in the inclusion of epigenetics in cancer epidemiology, we evaluated the published literature and the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-supported research grant awards in this field to identify trends in epigenetics research. We present a summary of the epidemiologic studies in NCI's grant portfolio (from January 2005 through December 2012) and in the scientific literature published during the same period, irrespective of support from the NCI. Blood cells and tumor tissue were the most commonly used biospecimens in these studies, although buccal cells, cervical cells, sputum, and stool samples were also used. DNA methylation profiling was the focus of the majority of studies, but several studies also measured microRNA profiles. We illustrate here the current status of epidemiologic studies that are evaluating epigenetic changes in large populations. The incorporation of epigenomic assessments in cancer epidemiology studies has and is likely to continue to provide important insights into the field of cancer research. C1 [Verma, Mukesh; Rogers, Scott; Divi, Rao L.; Schully, Sheri D.; Nelson, Stefanie; Su, Joseph; Winn, Deborah M.; Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Ross, Sharon A.] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Pilch, Susan] NIH, Off Director, Informat Resources & Serv Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Verma, M (reprint author), NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, 6130 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM vermam@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 89 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 223 EP 233 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0573 PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AG0ZG UT WOS:000335143900001 PM 24326628 ER PT J AU Cole, D Griffin, PM Fullerton, KE Ayers, T Smith, K Ingram, LA Kissler, B Hoekstra, RM AF Cole, D. Griffin, P. M. Fullerton, K. E. Ayers, T. Smith, K. Ingram, L. A. Kissler, B. Hoekstra, R. M. TI Attributing sporadic and outbreak-associated infections to sources: blending epidemiological data SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE foodborne infections; Escherichia coli; Epidemiology ID ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; RISK-FACTORS; FOODNET SITES; UNITED-STATES; FRACTIONS; DEFINITION; DISEASE AB Common sources of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 infection have been identified by investigating outbreaks and by case-control studies of sporadic infections. We conducted an analysis to attribute STEC O157 infections ascertained in 1996 and 1999 by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) to sources. Multivariable models from two case-control studies conducted in FoodNet and outbreak investigations that occurred during the study years were used to calculate the annual number of infections attributable to six sources. Using the results of the outbreak investigations alone, 27% and 15% of infections were attributed to a source in 1996 and 1999, respectively. Combining information from both data sources, 65% of infections in 1996 and 34% of infections in 1999 were attributed. The results suggest that methods to incorporate data from multiple surveillance systems and over several years are needed to improve estimation of the number of illnesses attributable to exposure sources. C1 [Cole, D.; Griffin, P. M.; Fullerton, K. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ayers, T.; Hoekstra, R. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Informat Management Off, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, K.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Foodborne Vectorborne & Zoonot Dis Unit, Acute Dis Invest & Control Sect, St Paul, MN USA. [Ingram, L. A.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Kissler, B.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Appl Epidemiol Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cole, D (reprint author), Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Analyt Team, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dcole@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 142 IS 2 BP 295 EP 302 DI 10.1017/S0950268813000915 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AC4XJ UT WOS:000332524300009 PM 23611460 ER PT J AU Jenkins, BWC Sarpong, DF Addison, C White, MS Hickson, DA White, W Burchfiel, C AF Jenkins, Brenda W. Campbell Sarpong, Daniel F. Addison, Clifton White, Monique S. Hickson, DeMarc A. White, Wendy Burchfiel, Cecil TI Joint Effects of Smoking and Sedentary Lifestyle on Lung Function in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study Cohort SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE lung function; Jackson Heart Study; African Americans; smoking; sedentary lifestyle ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; FUNCTION DECLINE; REFERENCE VALUES; OLDER-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; POPULATION AB This study examined: (a) differences in lung function between current and non current smokers who had sedentary lifestyles and non sedentary lifestyles and (b) the mediating effect of sedentary lifestyle on the association between smoking and lung function in African Americans. Sedentary lifestyle was defined as the lowest quartile of the total physical activity score. The results of linear and logistic regression analyses revealed that non smokers with non sedentary lifestyles had the highest level of lung function, and smokers with sedentary lifestyles had the lowest level. The female non-smokers with sedentary lifestyles had a significantly higher FEV1% predicted and FVC% predicted than smokers with non sedentary lifestyles (93.3% vs. 88.6%; p = 0.0102 and 92.1% vs. 86.9%; p = 0.0055 respectively). FEV1/FVC ratio for men was higher in non smokers with sedentary lifestyles than in smokers with non sedentary lifestyles (80.9 vs. 78.1; p = 0.0048). Though smoking is inversely associated with lung function, it seems to have a more deleterious effect than sedentary lifestyle on lung function. Physically active smokers had higher lung function than their non physically active counterparts. C1 [Jenkins, Brenda W. Campbell; Addison, Clifton; White, Wendy] Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. [Sarpong, Daniel F.] Xavier Univ, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [White, Monique S.] Hinds Community Coll, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. [Hickson, DeMarc A.] My Bros Keepers, Jackson, MS 39157 USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Jenkins, BWC (reprint author), Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. EM brenda.w.campbell@jsums.edu; dsarpong@xula.edu; clifton.addison@jsums.edu; mswhite427@yahoo.com; dhickson@mbk-inc.org; wendywhite2001@yahoo.com; cecil.burchfiel@cdc.hhs.gov FU NIH by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN2268201300049C, HHSN2268201300050C]; Jackson State University Center for Excellence in Minority Health [(P20) RFA-MD-11-002] FX The Jackson Heart Study GTEC and CORC at Jackson State University are supported by NIH contracts HHSN2268201300049C, HHSN2268201300050C that are provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Support has also been provided by Jackson State University Center for Excellence in Minority Health (P20) RFA-MD-11-002. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), or the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 1500 EP 1519 DI 10.3390/ijerph110201500 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AF0WZ UT WOS:000334436600018 ER PT J AU Bjork, A Marsden-Haug, N Nett, RJ Kersh, GJ Nicholson, W Gibson, D Szymanski, T Emery, M Kohrs, P Woodhall, D Anderson, AD AF Bjork, Adam Marsden-Haug, Nicola Nett, Randall J. Kersh, Gilbert J. Nicholson, William Gibson, Deborah Szymanski, Tahnee Emery, Michelle Kohrs, Paul Woodhall, Dana Anderson, Alicia D. TI First Reported Multistate Human Q Fever Outbreak in the United States, 2011 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Outbreak; Goat; Montana; Coxiella; Q fever; Washington; Abortion ID COXIELLA-BURNETII; INFECTION; SEX AB In April, 2011, the Q fever bacterium Coxiella burnetii was identified at a Washington farm where an abortion storm took place among goats. Soon after, Q fever cases were reported among visitors to the farm from Washington and Montana. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted among humans and goats associated with the index farm or with 16 other farms that purchased goats from the index farm or housed goats at the index farm for breeding purposes. Questionnaire data were analyzed, along with human and goat specimens collected for evidence of C. burnetii infection. Twenty-one persons (19%) of the 109-person cohort from Washington and Montana met the outbreak case definition of an epidemiologic link to the index farm and a C. burnetii Phase II immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer >= 1:128 by immunofluorescence assay. Seventy-one percent of cases (15 of 21) were symptomatic, compared with approximately 50% during previous Q fever outbreaks. National Q fever surveillance reports increase in frequency with age, but 29% (6 of 21) of cases during this outbreak occurred in children aged <14 years. Goat-specific Q fever risk factors included direct contact with a newborn (prevalence ratio [PR] 10.7; confidence interval [CI] 1.5, 77.4), exposure to a newborn that died (PR 5.5; CI 1.7, 18.2), exposure to a weak newborn (PR 4.4; CI 1.7, 11.6), living on a property with goats (PR 4.2; CI 1.3, 13.9), and direct contact with birth/afterbirth products (PR 2.8; CI 1.1, 6.9). Evidence of C. burnetii infection was detected in all 17 goat herds sampled (13 Washington, 3 Montana, 1 Oregon) by PCR and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Following this investigation, Washington and Montana implemented a herd management plan to encourage best-management practices among livestock owners, reduce the potential for future outbreaks, and promote continued communication between state public health and agricultural authorities. C1 [Bjork, Adam; Kersh, Gilbert J.; Nicholson, William; Anderson, Alicia D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA, Rep of Georgia. [Marsden-Haug, Nicola] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Nett, Randall J.] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Off Publ Hlth & Preparedness, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nett, Randall J.] Montana Dept Publ Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth & Safety Div, Helena, MT USA. [Gibson, Deborah] Montana Dept Publ Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth Lab, Helena, MT USA. [Szymanski, Tahnee] Montana Dept Livestock, Helena, MT USA. [Emery, Michelle] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Kohrs, Paul] Washington State Dept Agr, Olympia, WA USA. [Woodhall, Dana] CDC, Parastit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bjork, Adam; Woodhall, Dana] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bjork, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk4@cdc.gov; aha5@cdc.gov OI Bjork, Adam/0000-0001-7544-2987 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1089/vbz.2012.1202 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA9UD UT WOS:000331437500004 PM 24350648 ER PT J AU Dolan, SB Jentes, ES Sotir, MJ Han, P Blanton, JD Rao, SR LaRocque, RC Ryan, ET AF Dolan, Samantha B. Jentes, Emily S. Sotir, Mark J. Han, Pauline Blanton, Jesse D. Rao, Sowmya R. LaRocque, Regina C. Ryan, Edward T. CA Global TravEpiNet Consortium TI Pre-Exposure Rabies Vaccination among US International Travelers: Findings from the Global TravEpiNet Consortium SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Travelers; Travel clinics; International destinations; Rabies vaccine ID FOREIGN BACKPACKERS; VISITING FRIENDS; HEALTH-CARE; RISK; PREVENTION; RELATIVES; CLINICS; ASIA AB Background: People who travel to areas with high rabies endemicity and have animal contact are at increased risk for rabies exposure. We examined characteristics of international travelers queried regarding rabies vaccination during pretravel consultations at Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) practices during 2009-2010. Material and Methods: We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses of data collected from 18 GTEN clinics. Travel destinations were classified by strength level of rabies vaccination recommendation. Results: Of 13,235 travelers, 226 (2%) reported previous rabies vaccination, and 406 (3%) received rabies vaccine at the consultation. Common travel purposes for these 406 travelers were leisure (26%), research/education (17%), and nonmedical service work (14%). Excluding the 226 who were previously vaccinated, 8070 (62%) of 13,009 travelers intended to visit one or more countries with a strong recommendation for rabies vaccination; 1675 (21%) of these 8070 intended to travel for 1 month or more. Among these 1675 travelers, 145 (9%) were vaccinated, 498 (30%) declined vaccination, 832 (50%) had itineraries that clinicians determined did not indicate vaccination, and 200 (12%) remained unvaccinated for other reasons. In both bivariate and multivariate analyses, travelers with trip durations >6 months versus 1-3 months (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=4.9 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1, 11.4]) and those traveling for "research/education" or to "provide medical care" (adjusted OR=5.1 [95% CI 1.9, 13.7] and 9.5 [95% CI 2.2, 40.8], respectively), compared with leisure travelers, were more likely to receive rabies vaccination. Conclusions: Few travelers at GTEN clinics received rabies vaccine, although many planned trips 1 month long or more to a strong-recommendation country. Clinicians often determined that vaccine was not indicated, and travelers often declined vaccine when it was offered. The decision to vaccinate should take into account the strength of the vaccine recommendation at the destination country, duration of stay, availability of postexposure prophylaxis, potential for exposure to animals, and likelihood of recurrent travel to high-risk destinations. C1 [Dolan, Samantha B.; Jentes, Emily S.; Sotir, Mark J.; Han, Pauline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blanton, Jesse D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Worcester, MA USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Bedford VA Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Jentes, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS 03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM efj8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [U19CI000514, U01CK000175] FX Financial support for this article was received from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (including U19CI000514 and U01CK000175). NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 160 EP 167 DI 10.1089/vbz.2013.1381 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA9UD UT WOS:000331437500010 PM 24359420 ER PT J AU Icard, LD Jemrnott, JB Teitelman, A O'Leary, A Heeren, GA AF Icard, Larry D. Jemrnott, John B., III Teitelman, Anne O'Leary, Ann Heeren, G. Anita TI Mediation effects of problem drinking and marijuana use on HIV sexual risk behaviors among childhood sexually abused South African heterosexual men SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE South Africa; Heterosexual; Men; Mediation; Childhood sexual abuse; Problem drinking; Marijuana use; Eastern Cape ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; REDUCTION INTERVENTIONS; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; UNITED-STATES; AMERICAN; HISTORY; DEPRESSION; ASSOCIATIONS; METAANALYSIS AB HIV/AIDS prevalence in South Africa is one of the highest in the world with heterosexual, transmission predominantly promoting the epidemic. The goal of this study is to examine whether, marijuana use and problem drinking mediate the relationship between histories of childhood sexual, abuse (CSA) and HIV risk behaviors among heterosexual men. Participants were 1181 Black men aged, 18-45 from randomly selected neighborhoods in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Audio computer assisted, self-interviewing was used to assess self-reported childhood sexual abuse, problem drinking, and marijuana (dagga) use, and HIV sexual transmission behavior with steady and casual partners. Data were analyzed using multiple meditational modeling. There was more support for problem, drinking than marijuana use as a mediator. Findings suggest that problem drinking and marijuana use, mediate HIV sexual risk behaviors in men with histories of CSA. Focusing on men with histories of CSA, and their use of marijuana and alcohol may be particularly useful for designing strategies to reduce, HIV sexual transmission in South Africa. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Icard, Larry D.] Temple Univ, Coll Hlth Profess & Social Work, Ctr Intervent & Practice Res, Philadelphia, PA 19121 USA. [Jemrnott, John B., III; Teitelman, Anne; Heeren, G. Anita] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Icard, LD (reprint author), Temple Univ, Coll Hlth Profess & Social Work, Ctr Intervent & Practice Res, 1301 Cecil B Moore Ave,Suite B10, Philadelphia, PA 19121 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI045008]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD053270]; PHS HHS [R40 MC23629-01] NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2134 EI 1873-7757 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 234 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.08.002 PG 9 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA AE0LJ UT WOS:000333657500009 PM 24041455 ER PT J AU Kepka, D Breen, N King, JB Benard, VB Saraiya, M AF Kepka, Deanna Breen, Nancy King, Jessica B. Benard, Vicki B. Saraiya, Mona TI Overuse of Papanicolaou Testing Among Older Women and Among Women Without a Cervix SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID CANCER C1 [Kepka, Deanna] Univ Utah, Huntsman Canc Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kepka, Deanna] Univ Utah, Coll Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kepka, Deanna; Breen, Nancy] NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [King, Jessica B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benard, Vicki B.; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kepka, D (reprint author), Univ Utah, Coll Nursing, Huntsman Canc Inst, 2000 Circle Hope,Room 4144, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM deanna.kepka@hci.utah.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6106 EI 2168-6114 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 174 IS 2 BP 293 EP 296 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.12607 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AD2FM UT WOS:000333049200031 PM 24276745 ER PT J AU Callahan, LF Cleveland, RJ Shreffler, J Hootman, JM Mielenz, TJ Schoster, B AF Callahan, Leigh F. Cleveland, Rebecca J. Shreffler, Jack Hootman, Jennifer M. Mielenz, Thelma J. Schoster, Britta TI Evaluation of Active Living Every Day in Adults With Arthritis SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE RCT; exercise; behavioral lifestyle intervention ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY PROGRAMS; QUALITY INDICATOR SET; OLDER-ADULTS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS; EXERCISE SCALE; SELF-EFFICACY; LIFE-STYLE; DISEASE AB Background: Adults with arthritis can benefit from participation in physical activity and may be assisted by organized programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 20-week behavioral lifestyle intervention, Active Living Every Day (ALED), for improvements in primary outcomes (physical activity levels, aerobic endurance, function, symptoms). Methods: A 20-week randomized controlled community trial was conducted in 354 adults. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 20 weeks in the intervention and wait-list control groups. The intervention group was also assessed at 6 and 12 months. Mean outcomes were determined by multilevel regression models in the intervention and control groups at follow-up points. Results: At 20 weeks, the intervention group significantly increased participation in physical activity, and improved aerobic endurance, and select measures of function while pain, fatigue and stiffness remained status quo. In the intervention group, significant improvements in physical activity at 20 weeks were maintained at 6 and 12 months, and stiffness decreased. Conclusions: ALED appears to improve participation in physical activity, aerobic endurance, and function without exacerbating disease symptoms in adults with arthritis. C1 [Callahan, Leigh F.; Cleveland, Rebecca J.; Shreffler, Jack; Schoster, Britta] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mielenz, Thelma J.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Mielenz, Thelma J.] Univ N Carolina, Div Phys Therapy, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Callahan, LF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 EI 1543-5474 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1123/jpah.2011-0317 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AD3KJ UT WOS:000333137700008 PM 23359072 ER PT J AU Burgel, BJ Novak, DA Carpenter, HE Gruden, M Lachat, AM Taormina, D AF Burgel, Barbara J. Novak, Debra A. Carpenter, Holly Elizabeth Gruden, MaryAnn Lachat, Ann M. Taormina, Deborah TI Occupational Health Nurses' Achievement of Competence and Comfort in Respiratory Protection and Preferred Learning Methods Results of a Nationwide Survey SO WORKPLACE HEALTH & SAFETY LA English DT Article ID CARE PERSONNEL; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA-A; WORKERS; TRANSMISSION; HOSPITALS; SAFETY AB Additional findings are presented from a 2012 nationwide survey of 2,072 occupational health nurses regarding how they achieved competence in respiratory protection, their preferred methods of learning, and how they motivated employees to use respiratory protection. On-the-job training, taking a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health spirometry course, or attending professional conferences were the primary ways occupational health nurses gained respiratory protection knowledge. Attending professional conferences was the preferred method of learning, varying by type of industry and years of occupational health nurse experience. Employee motivational strategies were not widely used; the most common strategy was to tailor respiratory protection training to workplace culture. Designing training methods that match learning preferences, within the context of the organization's safety and quality improvement culture, is a key recommendation supported by the literature and these findings. Including respiratory protection content and competencies in all levels of academic nursing education is an additional recommendation. Additional research is needed to link training strategies with consistent and correct use of respiratory protection by employees. C1 [Burgel, Barbara J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Novak, Debra A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Carpenter, Holly Elizabeth] Amer Nurses Assoc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Gruden, MaryAnn] Assoc Occupat Hlth Profess Healthcare, Warrendale, PA USA. [Lachat, Ann M.] Amer Board Occupat Hlth Nurses Inc, Hinsdale, IL USA. [Taormina, Deborah] Univ Calif San Francisco, Occupat & Environm Hlth Nursing Program, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Burgel, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, 2 Koret Way,Box 0608, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM barbara.burgel@nursing.ucsf.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 2165-0799 EI 2165-0969 J9 WORKPLACE HEALTH SAF JI Workplace Health Saf. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 62 IS 2 BP 56 EP 68 DI 10.3928/21650799-20140121-03 PG 13 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA AE2KW UT WOS:000333802800003 PM 24812690 ER PT J AU Gluskin, RT Johansson, MA Santillana, M Brownstein, JS AF Gluskin, Rebecca Tave Johansson, Michael A. Santillana, Mauricio Brownstein, John S. TI Evaluation of Internet-Based Dengue Query Data: Google Dengue Trends SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; TEMPERATURE; VECTOR; TRANSMISSION; FEVER; MODEL; POPULATION AB Dengue is a common and growing problem worldwide, with an estimated 70-140 million cases per year. Traditional, healthcare-based, government-implemented dengue surveillance is resource intensive and slow. As global Internet use has increased, novel, Internet-based disease monitoring tools have emerged. Google Dengue Trends (GDT) uses near real-time search query data to create an index of dengue incidence that is a linear proxy for traditional surveillance. Studies have shown that GDT correlates highly with dengue incidence in multiple countries on a large spatial scale. This study addresses the heterogeneity of GDT at smaller spatial scales, assessing its accuracy at the state-level in Mexico and identifying factors that are associated with its accuracy. We used Pearson correlation to estimate the association between GDT and traditional dengue surveillance data for Mexico at the national level and for 17 Mexican states. Nationally, GDT captured approximately 83% of the variability in reported cases over the 9 study years. The correlation between GDT and reported cases varied from state to state, capturing anywhere from 1% of the variability in Baja California to 88% in Chiapas, with higher accuracy in states with higher dengue average annual incidence. A model including annual average maximum temperature, precipitation, and their interaction accounted for 81% of the variability in GDT accuracy between states. This climate model was the best indicator of GDT accuracy, suggesting that GDT works best in areas with intense transmission, particularly where local climate is well suited for transmission. Internet accessibility (average approximate to 36%) did not appear to affect GDT accuracy. While GDT seems to be a less robust indicator of local transmission in areas of low incidence and unfavorable climate, it may indicate cases among travelers in those areas. Identifying the strengths and limitations of novel surveillance is critical for these types of data to be used to make public health decisions and forecasting models. Author Summary Dengue is a common and growing problem worldwide. Delays in traditional surveillance systems limit the ability of public health agencies to identify and respond to dengue outbreaks efficiently. Internet search queries provide near real-time indicators of infectious disease activity and have proven effective for monitoring disease activity in some countries, but have not been assessed on smaller geographic areas. We compared Google Dengue Trends data for 17 states in Mexico to traditional surveillance data from those states. We found that the utility of Google Dengue Trends at the state-level is highly variable and depends on climatic conditions supporting dengue virus transmission. Novel surveillance tools like Google Dengue Trends can provide timely information to public health agencies, but to be useful on a local scale, they must be considered within the local context of dengue transmissibility. C1 [Gluskin, Rebecca Tave; Brownstein, John S.] Childrens Hosp, Informat Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Johansson, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Santillana, Mauricio] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gluskin, RT (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Informat Program, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rebeccatavegluskin@gmail.com FU NIH- A Platform for Modeling the Global Impact of Climate Change on Infectious Disease [5R01LM010812-02] FX This research was fully supported by the following grant: NIH- A Platform for Modeling the Global Impact of Climate Change on Infectious Disease 5R01LM010812-02. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 AR e2713 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002713 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AB8CK UT WOS:000332017500010 PM 24587465 ER PT J AU Kading, RC Crabtree, MB Bird, BH Nichol, ST Erickson, BR Horiuchi, K Biggerstaff, BJ Miller, BR AF Kading, Rebekah C. Crabtree, Mary B. Bird, Brian H. Nichol, Stuart T. Erickson, Bobbie Rae Horiuchi, Kalanthe Biggerstaff, Brad J. Miller, Barry R. TI Deletion of the NSm Virulence Gene of Rift Valley Fever Virus Inhibits Virus Replication in and Dissemination from the Midgut of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CULEX-PIPIENS; SAUDI-ARABIA; LACKING; PROTEIN; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; TRANSCRIPTION; CHALLENGE; TROPISMS; ANIMALS AB Background Previously, we investigated the role of the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) virulence genes NSs and NSm in mosquitoes and demonstrated that deletion of NSm significantly reduced the infection, dissemination, and transmission rates of RVFV in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The specific aim of this study was to further characterize midgut infection and escape barriers of RVFV in Ae. aegypti infected with reverse genetics-generated wild type RVFV (rRVF-wt) or RVFV lacking the NSm virulence gene (rRVF-NSm) by examining sagittal sections of infected mosquitoes for viral antigen at various time points post-infection. Methodology and Principal FindingsAe. aegypti mosquitoes were fed an infectious blood meal containing either rRVF-wt or rRVF-NSm. On days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 post-infection, mosquitoes from each experimental group were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and examined for RVFV antigen by immunofluorescence assay. Remaining mosquitoes at day 14 were assayed for infection, dissemination, and transmission. Disseminated infections were observed in mosquitoes as early as three days post infection for both virus strains. However, infection rates for rRVF-NSm were statistically significantly less than for rRVF-wt. Posterior midgut infections in mosquitoes infected with rRVF-wt were extensive, whereas midgut infections of mosquitoes infected with rRVF-NSm were confined to one or a few small foci. Conclusions/Significance Deletion of NSm resulted in the reduced ability of RVFV to enter, replicate, and disseminate from the midgut epithelial cells. NSm appears to have a functional role in the vector competence of mosquitoes for RVFV at the level of the midgut barrier. Author Summary Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne virus endemic to Africa. Outbreaks of RVFV have resulted in devastating morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans. A novel RVFV vaccine strain has been developed in which two virulence genes, NSs and NSm, have been deleted from the RVFV genome. Previously, we demonstrated that deletion of NSm also significantly reduced the ability of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to transmit RVFV. The objective of this study was to track the spread (dissemination) of wild type RVFV (rRVF-wt) and RVFV lacking the NSm virulence gene (rRVF-NSm) through different tissues in the mosquito body over time by staining lengthwise slices of infected mosquitoes with fluorescent antibody specific to RVFV. We found that midgut infections in mosquitoes exposed to rRVF-wt were extensive, whereas midgut infections in mosquitoes infected with rRVF-NSm were confined to only one or a few small foci. Our data provide supporting evidence that the NSm virulence gene has a functional role in mosquitoes by helping RVFV establish an infection in, and escape from, the midgut. C1 [Kading, Rebekah C.; Crabtree, Mary B.; Horiuchi, Kalanthe; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Miller, Barry R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Bird, Brian H.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Erickson, Bobbie Rae] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kading, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM fxk7@cdc.gov RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 AR e2670 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002670 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AB8CK UT WOS:000332017500053 PM 24551252 ER PT J AU Pauvolid-Correa, A Campos, Z Juliano, R Velez, J Nogueira, RMR Komar, N AF Pauvolid-Correa, Alex Campos, Zilca Juliano, Raquel Velez, Jason Ribeiro Nogueira, Rita Maria Komar, Nicholas TI Serological Evidence of Widespread Circulation of West Nile Virus and Other Flaviviruses in Equines of the Pantanal, Brazil SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LOUIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; GROUP-B ARBOVIRUSES; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; ILHEUS VIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIPS; CROSS-NEUTRALIZATION; DENGUE VIRUSES; DISEASE AB A recent study reported neutralizing antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) in horses from four ranches of southern Pantanal. To extend that study, a serosurvey for WNV and 11 Brazilian flaviviruses was conducted with 760 equines, 238 sheep and 61 caimans from 17 local cattle ranches. Among the tested equines, 32 were collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder outbreak had been recently reported. The sera were initially screened by using a blocking ELISA and then titrated by 90% plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT90) for 12 flaviviruses. Employing the criterion of 4-fold greater titer, 78 (10.3%) equines were seropositive for Ilheus virus, 59 (7.8%) for Saint Louis encephalitis virus, 24 (3.2%) for WNV, two (0.3%) for Cacipacore virus and one (0.1%) for Rocio virus. No serological evidence was found linking the neurological disease that affected local equines to WNV. All caimans and sheep were negative by blocking ELISA for flaviviruses. There were no seropositive equines for Bussuquara, Iguape, Yellow fever and all four Dengue virus serotypes. The detection of WNV-seropositive equines in ten ranches and ILHV and SLEV-seropositive equines in fourteen ranches of two different sub-regions of Pantanal is strong evidence of widespread circulation of these flaviviruses in the region. Author Summary West Nile virus is maintained in cycles between birds and mosquitoes and recently reemerged as a worldwide major public health and veterinarian concern as the cause of human and equine encephalitis outbreaks. Recent studies have reported serological evidence of West Nile virus circulation in Pantanal, west-central region of Brazil. However, considering the co-circulation of various cross-reactive flaviviruses in Brazil and that most of the flaviviruses isolated in Brazil are unknown or understudied in the Pantanal, serological results should be interpreted with caution. Therefore, we conducted a serosurvey for West Nile virus and the 11 Brazilian flaviviruses of potential medical importance, utilizing equines, sheep and caimans as indicators, including 32 equines collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder had been recently reported among the equines. We found serological evidence of Ilheus, Saint Louis encephalitis, West Nile, Cacipacore and Rocio viruses in Pantanal equines. West Nile virus infection was not associated with the neurological disease of equines. The detection of WNV-seropositive equines in ten ranches and ILHV- and SLEV-seropositive equines in fourteen ranches of two different sub-regions of Pantanal is strong evidence of widespread circulation of these flaviviruses in the region. C1 [Pauvolid-Correa, Alex; Ribeiro Nogueira, Rita Maria] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Flavivirus, Minist Saude Pavilhao Helio & Peggy Pereira, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Pauvolid-Correa, Alex; Velez, Jason; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Campos, Zilca; Juliano, Raquel] Minist Agr Pecuaria & Abastecimento, Embrapa Pantanal, Corumba, MS, Brazil. RP Pauvolid-Correa, A (reprint author), Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Flavivirus, Minist Saude Pavilhao Helio & Peggy Pereira, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM pauvolid@ioc.fiocruz.br FU CNPq; CAPES; Fulbright; FIOCRUZ; CDC; FAPERJ FX Funding was provided by CNPq, CAPES, Fulbright, FIOCRUZ, CDC and FAPERJ. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 63 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 AR e2706 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002706 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AB8CK UT WOS:000332017500023 PM 24551266 ER PT J AU Hansen, C Adams, M Fox, DJ O'Leary, LA Frias, JL Freiman, H Meaney, FJ AF Hansen, Craig Adams, Marvin Fox, Deborah J. O'Leary, Leslie A. Frias, Jaime L. Freiman, Heather Meaney, F. John TI Exploring the Feasibility of Using Electronic Health Records in the Surveillance of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electronic health records; fetal alcohol syndrome; surveillance ID MEDICAL-RECORDS; AUTOMATED IDENTIFICATION; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; PREVALENCE; METHODOLOGY; INFORMATION; POPULATION; VALIDATION; NETWORK AB BACKGROUNDExplore the use of electronic health records (EHRs) in fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) surveillance systems. METHODSUsing EHRs we identified diagnoses and anthropometric measurements related to the FAS criteria developed by the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Surveillance Network (FASSNet) among children aged 0 to 12 years. RESULTSThere were 143,393 distinct children aged between 0 and 12 years enrolled in Kaiser Permanente, Georgia, during the study period. Based on diagnoses and anthropometric measurements, 20,101 children met at least one criterion of interest, and when grouped into combinations of different criteria there were 2285 who met GROWTH+CNS criteria, 76 children who met GROWTH+FACE criteria, 107 children who met CNS+FACE criteria, and 93 children who met GROWTH+CNS+FACE criteria. The prevalence of FAS as defined by FASSNet is 1.92 per 1000 children. We linked 17,084 (85.0%) children to their mothers in the health plan; only 3% of mothers of children in the GROWTH+CNS+FACE group had an indication of alcohol or drugs use, but they had the highest rate of depression (39%). CONCLUSIONData of utility in identification of FAS are readily available in EHRs and may serve as a basis for intervention with at-risk children and in planning of future FAS surveillance programs. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 100:67-78, 2014. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Hansen, Craig; Adams, Marvin; Freiman, Heather] Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Ctr Hlth Res, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fox, Deborah J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [O'Leary, Leslie A.; Frias, Jaime L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frias, Jaime L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. [Meaney, F. John] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Hansen, C (reprint author), Nine Piedmont Ctr, Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, 3495 Piedmont Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30305 USA. EM hansenaddm@gmail.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 100 IS 2 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1002/bdra.23207 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA AB2IM UT WOS:000331616400002 PM 24591358 ER PT J AU Esparza-Aguilar, M Gastanaduy, PA Sanchez-Uribe, E Desai, R Parashar, UD Richardson, V Patel, M AF Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino Gastanaduy, Paul A. Sanchez-Uribe, Edgar Desai, Rishi Parashar, Umesh D. Richardson, Vesta Patel, Manish TI Diarrhoea-related hospitalizations in children before and after implementation of monovalent rotavirus vaccination in Mexico SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; LATIN-AMERICAN; US CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; REDUCTION; MORTALITY; INFANTS; COUNTRIES; EFFICACY AB Objective To assess, by socioeconomic setting, the effect of nationwide vaccination against species A rotavirus (RVA) on childhood diarrhoea-related hospitalizations in Mexico. Methods Data on children younger than 5 years who were hospitalized for diarrhoea in health ministry hospitals between 1. January 2003 and 31 December 2011 were collected from monthly discharge reports. Human development indexes were used to categorize the states where hospitals were located as having generally high, intermediate or low socioeconomic status. Annual rates of hospitalization for diarrhoea per 10 000 hospitalizations for any cause were calculated. Administrative data were used to estimate vaccine coverage. Findings In the states with high, intermediate and low socioeconomic status, coverage with a two-dose monovalent RVA vaccine among children younger than 5 years had reached 93%, 86% and 71%, respectively, by 2010. The corresponding median annual rates of hospitalization for diarrhoea per 10 000 admissions fell from 1001,834 and 1033 in the "prevaccine" period of 2003-2006, to 597,497 and 705 in the "postvaccine" period from 2008 to 2011, respectively. These decreases correspond to rate reductions of 40% (95% confidence interval, CI: 38-43), 41% (95% CI: 38-43) and 32% (95% CI: 29-34), respectively. Nationwide, RVA vaccination appeared to have averted approximately 16 500 hospitalizations for childhood diarrhoea in each year of the postvaccine period. Conclusion Monovalent RVA vaccination has substantially reduced childhood diarrhoea-related hospitalizations for four continuous years in discretely different socioeconomic populations across Mexico. C1 [Esparza-Aguilar, Marcelino; Sanchez-Uribe, Edgar; Richardson, Vesta] Natl Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Minist Hlth, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Desai, Rishi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Parashar, Umesh D.; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gastanaduy, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mailstop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vicd7@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 EI 1564-0604 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 92 IS 2 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.2471/BLT.13.125286 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB7RQ UT WOS:000331988800010 PM 24623905 ER PT J AU Li, D Collins, B Velayos, FS Liu, L Lewis, JD Allison, JE Flowers, NT Hutfless, S Abramson, O Herrinton, LJ AF Li, Dan Collins, Bernadette Velayos, Fernando S. Liu, Liyan Lewis, James D. Allison, James E. Flowers, Nicole T. Hutfless, Susan Abramson, Oren Herrinton, Lisa J. TI Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Care Utilization and Outcomes Among Ulcerative Colitis Patients in an Integrated Health-Care Organization SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Ulcerative colitis; Health services research; Computerized medical information; Outcomes research; Race and/or ethnic differences ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; COLECTOMY RATES; COHORT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HISPANICS; SURGERY; CHINA; CITY AB Current knowledge of racial disparities in healthcare utilization and disease outcomes for ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited. We sought to investigate these differences among Caucasian, African American, Asian, and Hispanic patients with ulcerative colitis in Kaiser Permanente, a large integrated health-care system in Northern California. This retrospective cohort study used computerized clinical data from 5,196 Caucasians, 387 African-Americans, 550 Asians, and 801 Hispanics with prevalent UC identified between 1996 and 2007. Healthcare utilization and outcomes were compared at one and five-year follow-up by use of multivariate logistic regression analysis. Compared with whites, the male-to-female ratio differed for African-Americans (0.68 vs. 0.91, p < 0.01) and Asians (1.3 vs. 0.91, p < 0.01). Asians had fewer co-morbid conditions (p < 0.01) than whites, whereas more African-Americans had hypertension and asthma (p < 0.01). Use of immunomodulators did not differ significantly among race and/or ethnic groups. Among Asians, 5-ASA use was highest (p < 0.05) and the incidence of surgery was lowest (p < 0.01). Prolonged steroid exposure was more common among Hispanics (p < 0.05 at 1-year) who also had more UC-related surgery (p < 0.01 at 5-year) and hospitalization (< 0.05 at 5-year), although these differences were not significant in multivariate analysis. In this population of UC patients with good access to care, overall health-care utilization patterns and clinical outcomes were similar across races and ethnicity. Asians may have milder disease than other races whereas Hispanics had a trend toward more aggressive disease, although the differences we observed were modest. These differences may be related to biological factors or different treatment preferences. C1 [Li, Dan] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Dept Gastroenterol, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Collins, Bernadette; Liu, Liyan; Allison, James E.; Herrinton, Lisa J.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Velayos, Fernando S.; Allison, James E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Lewis, James D.] Univ Penn, Dept Med Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lewis, James D.] Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Flowers, Nicole T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hutfless, Susan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Abramson, Oren] Kaiser Permanente, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Santa Clara, CA USA. RP Herrinton, LJ (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, 2000 Broadway Ave, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM Dan.X.Li@kp.org; lisa.herrinton@kp.org OI Hutfless, Susan/0000-0002-6311-2611 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0163-2116 EI 1573-2568 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1007/s10620-013-2908-2 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AB2WD UT WOS:000331651900010 PM 24173809 ER PT J AU Mortensen, ME Calafat, AM Ye, XY Wong, LY Wright, DJ Pirkle, JL Merrill, LS Moye, J AF Mortensen, Mary E. Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Wong, Lee-Yang Wright, David J. Pirkle, James L. Merrill, Lori S. Moye, John TI Urinary concentrations of environmental phenols in pregnant women in a pilot study of the National Children's Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Environmental phenols; Biomonitoring; National children's study; National health and nutrition examination survey; Pregnancy ID BISPHENOL-A CONCENTRATIONS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; TRICLOSAN; PREDICTORS; METABOLITE; HEALTH AB Environmental phenols are a group of chemicals with widespread uses in consumer and personal care products, food and beverage processing, and in pesticides. We assessed exposure to benzophenone-3, bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan, methyl- and propyl parabens, and 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorophenol or their precursors in 506 pregnant women enrolled in the National Children's Study (NCS) Vanguard Study. We measured the urinary concentrations of the target phenols by using online solid-phase extraction-isotope dilution high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. NCS women results were compared to those of 524 similar-aged women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010, and to 174 pregnant women in NHANES 2005-2010. In the NCS women, we found significant racial/ethnic differences (p<0.05) in regression adjusted mean concentrations of benzophenone-3, triclosan, 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorophenol, but not of BPA. Urinary 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorophenol concentrations were highly correlated (r=0.66, p<0.0001). Except for BPA and triclosan, adjusted mean concentrations were significantly different across the 7 study sites. Education was marginally significant for benzophenone-3, triclosan, propyl paraben, and 2,5-dichlorophenol. Urinary concentrations of target phenols in NCS pregnant women and U.S. women and pregnant women were similar. In NCS pregnant women, race/ethnicity and geographic location determined urinary concentrations of most phenols (except BPA), suggesting differential exposures. NCS Main Study protocols should collect urine biospecimens and information about exposures to environmental phenols. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mortensen, Mary E.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun; Wong, Lee-Yang; Pirkle, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wright, David J.; Merrill, Lori S.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Moye, John] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NCS Program Off, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Mortensen, ME (reprint author), Div Sci Lab, MS F-20,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MMortensen@cdc.gov OI moye, john/0000-0001-9976-8586 FU National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [HHSN275200503414C, HHSN27-5200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN2-75200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, HSN275200503396C]; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project has been funded from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, administered by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development under Contract nos. HHSN275200503414C, HHSN27-5200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN2-75200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, and HHSN275200503396C. Funding for the biospecimen analyses was provided by the National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The manuscript was developed by a Writing Team identified by the National Children's Study Publications Committee for the purpose of timely sharing of centrally collected NCS data. We acknowledge the contributions of the following Vanguard Centers and Principal Investigators: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Jennifer Culhane; Mt Sinai Medical School, Phil. Landrigan; South Dakota State University, Bonny Specker; University of California at Irvine, James Swanson and Dean Baker; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Barbara Entwisle and Nancy Dole; University of Utah School of Medicine, Ed Clark; University of Wisconsin, Maureen Durkin. We are grateful to the NHANES staff for the quality and completeness of their efforts conducting this complex survey and specimen collection. We appreciate the dedication and diligence of the NCEH laboratory staff that performed the analyses. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 44 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 129 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2013.12.004 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AB6SZ UT WOS:000331921100005 PM 24529000 ER PT J AU Coronado, VG McGuire, LC Sarmiento, K Bell, J Lionbarger, MR Jones, CD Geller, AI Khoury, N Xu, LK AF Coronado, Victor G. McGuire, Lisa C. Sarmiento, Kelly Bell, Jeneita Lionbarger, Michael R. Jones, Christopher D. Geller, Andrew I. Khoury, Nayla Xu, Likang TI Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury in the U.S. and the public health response: 1995-2009 (vol 43, pg 229, 2012) SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [Coronado, Victor G.; McGuire, Lisa C.; Sarmiento, Kelly; Bell, Jeneita; Lionbarger, Michael R.; Jones, Christopher D.; Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Geller, Andrew I.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Khoury, Nayla] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Coronado, VG (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vgc1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 EI 1879-1247 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 48 BP 117 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2013.12.006 PG 1 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA AC2TN UT WOS:000332357000016 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Li, CY Wheaton, AG Chapman, DP Perry, GS Croft, JB AF Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Wheaton, Anne G. Chapman, Daniel P. Perry, Geraldine S. Croft, Janet B. TI Sleep Duration and Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference among US Adults SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID GHRELIN LEVELS; WEIGHT-GAIN; QUEBEC FAMILY; LEPTIN LEVELS; OBESITY; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; TRENDS; DEPRIVATION; HUNGER AB Objective: To examine the form of the relationship between sleep duration and anthropometric measures and possible differences in these relationships by gender and race or ethnicity. \Design and Methods: Data for 13,742 participants aged >= 20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 were used. Sleep duration was categorized as <= 6 (short sleepers), 79, and >= 10 hours (long sleepers). Results: Short sleepers were as much as 1.7 kg/m(2) (SE 0.4) heavier and had 3.4 cm (SE 1.0) more girth than long sleepers. Among participants without depression or a diagnosed sleep disorder, sleep duration was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference in an inverse linear association in the entire sample, men, women, whites, African Americans, and participants aged 20-39 years. No evidence for statistical interaction by gender and race or ethnicity was observed. Regression coefficients were notably stronger among adults aged 20-39 years. Compared to participants who reported sleeping 7-9 hours per night, short sleepers were more likely to be obese and have abdominal obesity. Conclusions: In this nationally representative sample of US adults, an inverse linear association most consistently characterized the association between sleep duration and BMI and waist circumference. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD FEB PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 BP 598 EP 607 DI 10.1002/oby.20558 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC0ZO UT WOS:000332224200038 PM 23836704 ER PT J AU Lu, ML Nakata, A Park, JB Swanson, NG AF Lu, Ming-Lun Nakata, Akinori Park, Jae Bum Swanson, Naomi G. TI Workplace Psychosocial Factors Associated with Work-Related Injury Absence: A Study from a Nationally Representative Sample of Korean Workers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Work-related injury absence; Psychosocial factors; Korean Working Conditions Survey; Workplace violence; Job strain ID SIZED MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES; RETURN-TO-WORK; SICKNESS ABSENCE; JOB STRAIN; OCCUPATIONAL INJURY; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MULTIPLE COMPARISONS AB Background Little is known about the association between psychosocial factors and injury absence in the workplace. Purpose This study aims to assess the association of comprehensive workplace psychosocial factors with work-related injury absence among Korean workers. Methods The data (n = 7,856) were derived from the First Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2006 with a representative sample (n = 10,043) of the Korean working population. The survey instrument contained questions about hours of work, physical risk factors, work organization, and the effect of work on health/injury. Work-related injury absence was indicated by a dichotomous variable with at least 1 day absence during the preceding 12 months. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratio and confidence interval (CI). Incremental adjustments for sociodemographic, health behavior, and occupational confounding variables were employed in the models. Results The overall 1-year prevalence of work-related injury absence in this study was 1.37 % (95 % CI, 1.11-1.63 %). Those who experienced violence at work (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 7.05 (95 % CI, 2.69-18.5)), threat of violence at work (aOR, 4.25 (95 % CI, 1.32-13.64)), low job autonomy (aOR, 1.79 (95 % CI, 1.17-2.74)), and high job strain (aOR, 2.38 (95 % CI, 1.29-4.42) had an increased risk of injury absence, compared with their respective counterparts (p < 0.05). Among all job types, skilled workers in Korea were at a near fourfold risk of work absence due to occupational injuries, compared with managers in low-risk jobs. Conclusion Workplace violence and increased job strain were two key workplace psychosocial factors associated with work-related injury absence. C1 [Lu, Ming-Lun; Swanson, Naomi G.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Nakata, Akinori] Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Sch Hlth Sci, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807, Japan. [Park, Jae Bum] Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Suwon 443721, South Korea. RP Park, JB (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, San 5, Suwon 443721, South Korea. EM jbpark@ajou.ac.kr FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1070-5503 EI 1532-7558 J9 INT J BEHAV MED JI Int. J. Behav. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 21 IS 1 BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s12529-013-9325-y PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA AB7XY UT WOS:000332005600007 PM 23794229 ER PT J AU Kumar, GS Park, S Onufrak, S AF Kumar, Gayathri Suresh Park, Sohyun Onufrak, Stephen TI Association between reported screening and counseling about energy drinks and energy drink intake among US adolescents SO PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING LA English DT Article DE Adolescent; Energy drinks; Counseling; Health care providers; Youth; Sugar-sweetened beverage ID CONSUMPTION; PERFORMANCE; TOXICITY; CHILDREN; CARE AB Objective: Possible adverse health consequences of excessive energy drink (ED) consumption have led to recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics discouraging ED intake by youth. However, limited information on ED counseling by health care providers exists. Methods: Data was obtained from the 2011 YouthStyles Survey administered to youth aged 12-17 (n = 815). The outcome variable was ED consumption (none vs. >= 1 time/week) and exposure variables were screening and counseling about ED (if doctor/nurse asked about ED consumption and if doctor/nurse recommended against ED consumption). Results: Approximately 8.5% of youth consumed energy drinks weekly, 11.5% reported being asked by their doctor/nurse about frequency of ED consumption, and 11.1% were advised by their doctor/nurse against ED intake. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds for drinking ED >= 1 time/week was significantly higher in youth who were asked how often they drank ED by their doctor/nurse (odds ratio = 2.46) vs. those who were not asked. Conclusion: About 1 in 9 youth reported receiving counseling discouraging ED consumption from their doctor/nurse, and a greater proportion of youth who were screened about ED also reported ED consumption. Practice implications: Efforts by health care providers to educate youth about potential harms of consuming ED are needed. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Kumar, Gayathri Suresh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Park, Sohyun; Onufrak, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kumar, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wiz3@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0738-3991 J9 PATIENT EDUC COUNS JI Patient Educ. Couns. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 94 IS 2 BP 250 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.pec.2013.09.026 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA AB6TZ UT WOS:000331923700016 PM 24176609 ER PT J AU Karim, MR Wang, RJ He, XY Zhang, LX Li, J Rume, FI Dong, HJ Qi, M Jian, FC Zhang, SM Sun, MF Yang, GY Zoug, FC Ning, CS Xiao, LH AF Karim, Md Robiul Wang, Rongjun He, Xiaoyi Zhang, Longxian Li, Jian Rume, Farzana Islam Dong, Haiju Qi, Meng Jian, Fuchun Zhang, Sumei Sun, Mingfei Yang, Guangyou Zoug, Fengcai Ning, Changshen Xiao, Lihua TI Multilocus sequence typing of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in nonhuman primates in China SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Multilocus sequence typing; Genetic diversity; Population genetics; Nonhuman primates ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; INFECTED PATIENTS; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; ANIMALS; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOTYPES; THAILAND; HUMANS AB To infer population genetics of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in nonhuman primates (NHPs), 126 positive specimens in 839 fecal specimens from 23 NHP species in China based on ITS locus were used, belonging to genotypes Type IV, D, Peru8, Henan V, Peru11, PigEBITS7 and 3 novel ones (CM1, CM2 and CM3). Multilocus sequence typing employing four micro and minisatellites (MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7) and ITS were used to analyze population structure of 85 isolates successfully amplified at all five loci, which yielded 59 multilocus genotypes. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was measured using both multilocus sequences and allelic profile data. The observation of strong and significant LD with limited recombination in multilocus sequence analysis indicated the presence of overall clonal population structure of E. bieneusi, which was supported by allelic profile data analysis. Fu's selective neutrality test demonstrated the absence of neutral mutations and molecular selection. The population structure of common ITS genotypes (CM1, Type IV and D) was compared. Strong LD in multilocus sequence analysis versus insignificant LD and/or LE in allelic profile data analysis implied epidemic population in common ITS genotypes. No significant genetic isolation was evidenced by either phylogenetic or substructural analyses. The population genetics was also compared among the sub-population 1 (contained mainly genotype Type IV), sub-population 2 (contained mainly genotypes CM1 and D), sub-population 3 (contained mixed genotypes) and sub-population 4 (contained genotype Henan V). The presence of strong LD in multilocus data analysis with insignificant LD and/or LE in allele profile data analysis suggested the epidemic population in sub-populations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Karim, Md Robiul; Wang, Rongjun; Zhang, Longxian; Dong, Haiju; Qi, Meng; Jian, Fuchun; Zhang, Sumei; Ning, Changshen] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [He, Xiaoyi] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Sch Med, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Li, Jian] Guangxi Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China. [Rume, Farzana Islam] Patuakhali Sci & Technol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh. [Sun, Mingfei] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yang, Guangyou] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Yaan 625014, Peoples R China. [Zoug, Fengcai] Yunnan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@foxmail.com; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2012ZX10004220-001]; Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in University of Henan Province [012IRTSTHN005]; international Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901] FX This study was supported in part by the Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (No. 2012ZX10004220-001), the Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in University of Henan Province (012IRTSTHN005), the international Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31110103901). NR 35 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 200 IS 1-2 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.004 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA AB0UJ UT WOS:000331507300003 PM 24388499 ER PT J AU Chang, PP Chambless, LE Shahar, E Bertoni, AG Russell, SD Ni, HY He, M Mosley, TH Wagenknecht, LE Samdarshi, TE Wruck, LM Rosamond, WD AF Chang, Patricia P. Chambless, Lloyd E. Shahar, Eyal Bertoni, Alain G. Russell, Stuart D. Ni, Hanyu He, Max Mosley, Thomas H. Wagenknecht, Lynne E. Samdarshi, Tandaw E. Wruck, Lisa M. Rosamond, Wayne D. TI Incidence and Survival of Hospitalized Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in Four US Communities (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-CARE; EJECTION FRACTION; TRENDS; OUTCOMES; RATES; PERSPECTIVE; PREVALENCE; ETHNICITY; MORTALITY; DISEASE AB Most population-based estimates of incident hospitalized heart failure (HF) have not differentiated acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) from chronic stable HF nor included racially diverse populations. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study conducted surveillance of hospitalized HF events (age >= 55 years) in 4 US communities. We estimated hospitalized ADHF incidence and survival by race and gender. Potential 2005 to 2009 HF hospitalizations were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes; 6,168 records were reviewed to validate ADHF cases. Population estimates were derived from US Census data; 50% of eligible hospitalizations were classified as ADHF, of which 63.6% were incident ADHF and 36.4% were recurrent ADHF. The average incidence of hospitalized ADHF was 11.6 per 1,000 persons, aged >= 55 years, per year, and recurrent hospitalized ADHF was 6.6 per 1,000 persons/yr. Age-adjusted annual ADHF incidence was highest for black men (15.7 per 1,000), followed by black women (13.3 per 1,000), white men (12.3 per 1,000), and white women (9.9 per 1,000). Of incident ADHF events with heart function assessment (89%), 53% had reduced the ejection fraction (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]) and 47% had preserved ejection fraction (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF]). Black men had the highest proportion of acute HFpEF events (70%); white women had the highest proportion of acute HFpEF (59%). Age-adjusted 28-day and 1-year case fatality after an incident ADHF was 10.4% and 29.5%, respectively. Survival did not differ by race or gender. In conclusion, ADHF hospitalization and HF type varied by both race and gender, but case fatality rates did not. Further studies are needed to explain why black men are at higher risk of hospitalized ADHF and HFrEF. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Patricia P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Chambless, Lloyd E.; Wruck, Lisa M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Shahar, Eyal] Univ Arizona, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tucson, AZ USA. [Bertoni, Alain G.; Wagenknecht, Lynne E.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Russell, Stuart D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ni, Hanyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [He, Max] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Samdarshi, Tandaw E.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Rosamond, Wayne D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Chang, PP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM patricia_chang@med.unc.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Bethesda, Maryland) [HHSN268201100005 C, HHSN268201100006 C, HHSN268201100007 C, HHSN268201100008 C, HHSN268201100009 C, HHSN268201100010 C, HHSN268201100011 C, HHSN268201100012 C] FX The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Bethesda, Maryland) contracts (HHSN268201100005 C, HHSN268201 100006 C, HHSN268201100007 C, HHSN268201100008 C, HHSN268201100009 C, HHSN268201100010 C, HHSN268201100011 C, and HHSN268201100012 C). NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 EI 1879-1913 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 3 BP 504 EP 510 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.10.032 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AA5TE UT WOS:000331161700017 PM 24342763 ER PT J AU Ackers, ML Hightower, A Obor, D Ofware, P Ngere, L Kubaje, A Laserson, KF AF Ackers, Marta-Louise Hightower, Allen Obor, David Ofware, Peter Ngere, Lilian Kubaje, Adazu Laserson, Kayla F. TI Health Care Utilization and Access to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing and Care and Treatment Services in a Rural Area with High HIV Prevalence, Nyanza Province, Kenya, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SCHISTOSOMIASIS-RELATED SYMPTOMS; SOUTH-AFRICA; WESTERN KENYA; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; USER FEES; IMPACT; ATTENDANCE; HOME; INTERVENTION AB We present health and demographic surveillance system data to assess associations with health care utilization and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) service receipt in a high HIV prevalence area of western Kenya. Eighty-six percent of 15,302 residents indicated a facility/clinician for routine medical services; 60% reported active (within the past year) attendance. Only 34% reported a previous HIV test, and self-reported HIV prevalence was 6%. Active attendees lived only slightly closer to their reported service site (2.8 versus 3.1 km; P < 0.001) compared with inactive attendees. Multivariate analysis showed that younger respondents (< 30 years of age) and active and inactive attendees were more likely to report an HIV test compared with non-attendees; men were less likely to report HIV testing. Despite traveling farther for HIV services (median distance = 4.4 km), 77% of those disclosing HIV infection reported HIV care enrollment. Men and younger respondents were less likely to enroll in HIV care. Socioeconomic status was not associated with HIV service use. Distance did not appear to be the major barrier to service receipt. The health and demographic surveillance system data identified patterns of service use that are useful for future program planning. C1 [Ackers, Marta-Louise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global HIVAIDS Program, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hightower, Allen; Obor, David; Ngere, Lilian; Laserson, Kayla F.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ackers, Marta-Louise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ofware, Peter] African Med & Res Fdn, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Laserson, KF (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. EM mda6@cdc.gov; awh1953@gmail.com; dobor@kemricdc.org; peter.ofware@amref.org; Ingere@kemricdc.org; klaserson@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U19C1000323-05] FX This study was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the terms of cooperative agreement no. 5U19C1000323-05. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 224 EP 233 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0181 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000007 PM 24323517 ER PT J AU Calhoun, LM van Eijk, AM Lindblade, KA Odhiambo, FO Wilson, ML Winterbauer, E Slutsker, L Hamel, MJ AF Calhoun, Lisa M. van Eijk, Anna M. Lindblade, Kim A. Odhiambo, Frank O. Wilson, Mark L. Winterbauer, Elizabeth Slutsker, Laurence Hamel, Mary J. TI Determinants and Coverage of Vaccination in Children in Western Kenya from a 2003 Cross-Sectional Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS; IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE; CHILDHOOD VACCINATION; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; FAILURE; MEASLES AB This study assesses full and timely vaccination coverage and factors associated with full vaccination in children ages 12-23 months in Gem, Nyanza Province, Kenya in 2003. A simple random sample of 1,769 households was selected, and guardians were invited to bring children under 5 years of age to participate in a survey. Full vaccination coverage was 31.1% To among 244 children. Only 2.2% received all vaccinations in the target month for each vaccination. In multivariate logistic regression, children of mothers of higher parity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.27, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.13-0.65, P <= 0.01), children of mothers with lower maternal education (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.13-0.97, P <= 0.05), or children in households with the spouse absent versus present (OR = 0.40,95% CI = 0.17-0.91, 0.05) were less likely to be fully vaccinated. These data serve as a baseline from which changes in vaccination coverage will be measured as interventions to improve vaccination timeliness are introduced. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [van Eijk, Anna M.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Lindblade, Kim A.; Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Odhiambo, Frank O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Calhoun, Lisa M.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. [Wilson, Mark L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Winterbauer, Elizabeth] Quality Hlth Care Inc, Vermont Program, Montpelier, VT USA. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Calhoun, LM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27510 USA. EM lisa.m.calhoun@gmail.com; amvaneijk@yahoo.com; kil2@cdc.gov; odhiambo@ke.cdc.govkemricdc.org; wilsonml@umich.edu; liz.winterbauer@gmail.com; lms5@cdc.gov; mlh8@cdc.gov FU University of Michigan School of Public Health Global Health Interdepartmental Concentration; University of Michigan Global Health and Training Initiative FX The University of Michigan School of Public Health Global Health Interdepartmental Concentration and University of Michigan Global Health and Training Initiative provided financial support to carry out this work. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 234 EP 241 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0127 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000008 PM 24343886 ER PT J AU Hahn, MB Gurley, ES Epstein, JH Islam, MS Patz, JA Daszak, P Luby, SP AF Hahn, Micah B. Gurley, Emily S. Epstein, Jonathan H. Islam, Mohammad S. Patz, Jonathan A. Daszak, Peter Luby, Stephen P. TI The Role of Landscape Composition and Configuration on Pteropus giganteus Roosting Ecology and Nipah Virus Spillover Risk in Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID FLYING-FOXES; CEIBA-PENTANDRA; TRANSMISSION; BATS; EMERGENCE; SELECTION; VAMPYRUS AB Nipah virus has caused recurring outbreaks in central and northwest Bangladesh (the "Nipah Belt"). Little is known about roosting behavior of the fruit bat reservoir, Pteropus giganteus, or factors driving spillover. We compared human population density and ecological characteristics of case villages and control villages (no reported outbreaks) to understand their role in P. giganteus. roosting ecology and Nipah virus spillover risk. Nipah Belt villages have a higher human population density (P < 0.0001), and forests that are more fragmented than elsewhere in Bangladesh (0.50 versus 0.32 patches/km(2), P < 0.0001). The number of roosts in a village correlates with forest fragmentation (r = 0.22, P = 0.03). Villages with a roost containing Polyahhia longifolia or Bombax ceiba trees were more likely case villages (odds ratio [OR] = 10.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-90.6). This study suggests that, in addition to human population density, composition and structure of the landscape shared by P. giganteus and humans may influence the geographic distribution of Nipah virus spillovers. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, SAGE,Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm,Sch Med & Publ, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Gurley, Emily S.] Icddr B, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Epstein, Jonathan H.; Daszak, Peter] EcoHlth Alliance, New York, NY USA. [Islam, Mohammad S.] Ctr Environm & Geog Informat Serv, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hahn, Micah B.; Patz, Jonathan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst, SAGE,Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm,Sch Med & Publ, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Luby, Stephen P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Hahn, MB (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst, SAGE,Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm,Sch Med & Publ, 1710 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM mbhahn@wisc.edu; egurley@icddrb.org; epstein@ecohealthalliance.org; sislam@cegisbd.com; patz@wisc.edu; daszak@ecohealthalliance.org; sluby@stanford.edu RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU NSF/NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases from the Fogarty International Center [2R01-TW005869]; NSF IGERT grant, the CHANGE-IGERT in the Nelson Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison [0549407] FX This research investigation was funded by the NSF/NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases grant no. 2R01-TW005869 (Daszak, PI) from the Fogarty International Center and the NSF IGERT grant no. 0549407 (Patz. PI): the CHANGE-IGERT in the Nelson Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0256 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000010 PM 24323516 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Kosasih, H Artika, IM Perkasa, A Puspita, M Ma'roef, CN Antonjaya, U Ledermann, JP Powers, AM Alisjahbana, B AF Myint, Khin Saw Aye Kosasih, Herman Artika, I. Made Perkasa, Aditya Puspita, Mita Ma'roef, Chairin Nisa Antonjaya, Ungke Ledermann, Jeremy P. Powers, Ann M. Alisjahbana, Bachti TI Short Report: West Nile Virus Documented in Indonesia from Acute Febrile Illness Specimens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EUROPE; SPREAD AB We report the presence of West Nile virus in a cryopreserved, dengue-negative serum specimen collected from an acute fever case on Java in 2004-2005. The strain belongs to genotype lineage 2, which has recently been implicated in human outbreaks in Europe. C1 [Myint, Khin Saw Aye] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. [Kosasih, Herman; Puspita, Mita; Alisjahbana, Bachti] Padjadjaran State Univ, Fac Med, Bandung, Indonesia. [Artika, I. Made; Perkasa, Aditya; Ma'roef, Chairin Nisa] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Emerging Virus Res Unit, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. [Antonjaya, Ungke] Eijkman Oxford Clin Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Myint, KSA (reprint author), Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, 69 Diponegoro, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. EM khinsawying@hotmail.com; herman_kosasih@yahoo.com; imart@eijkman.go.id; adhit@eijkman.go.id; mitapuspita@gmail.com; nami@eijkman.go.id; uantonjaya@eocru.org; bpj7@cdc.gov; apowers@cdc.gov; b.alisjahbana@gmail.com FU USAID Emerging Pandemic Threat (EPT) Program; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the USAID Emerging Pandemic Threat (EPT) Program and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 260 EP 262 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0445 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000012 PM 24420775 ER PT J AU Mehal, JM Holman, RC Brass, DA Blanton, JD Petersen, BW AF Mehal, Jason M. Holman, Robert C. Brass, Danny A. Blanton, Jesse D. Petersen, Brett W. TI Short Report: Changes in Knowledge of Bat Rabies and Human Exposure among United States Cavers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION; TRAVELERS; RISK AB The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in the knowledge of bat rabies and human exposure among United States cavers during the last decade. A survey was distributed among cavers who attended the National Speleological Society convention in 2000 and those who attended in 2010. In 2000 and 2010, 392 and 108 cavers, respectively, responded to the questionnaire. Eighty-five per cent of respondents in 2000 indicated a bat bite as a risk for rabies compared with all respondents in 2010 (P < 0.0001 controlling for age). The proportion of respondents indicating that they were advised to receive rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis (PreEP) because of caving increased (17% and 29%; P = 0.03 controlling for age). Among these, PreEP was received by 56% and 45%. Although recognition of the risk of rabies exposure from bats is important, the proportion of cavers acting on current recommendations regarding PreEP does not appear to have improved in the past decade. C1 [Mehal, Jason M.; Holman, Robert C.; Blanton, Jesse D.; Petersen, Brett W.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEZID, DHCPP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brass, Danny A.] Natl Speleol Soc, New Haven, CT USA. RP Mehal, JM (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS-A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmehal@cdc.gov; rholman@cdc.gov; brassda@yahoo.com; asi5@cdc.gov; ige3@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 263 EP 264 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0502 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000013 PM 24297813 ER PT J AU Derby, KS Lucien, MAB Leshem, E Stecnland, MW Juin, S Joseph, GA Katz, MA AF Derby, Kiersten S. Lucien, Mentor Ali Ber Leshem, Eyal Stecnland, Maria W. Juin, Stanley Joseph, Gerard A. Katz, Mark A. TI Short Report: Hospitalizations and Deaths Caused by Diarrhea in Children Five Years Old and Younger at Four Hospitals in Haiti, 2010-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ROTAVIRUS; DISEASE; BURDEN; SURVEILLANCE; CHOLERA AB Worldwide, diarrhea is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in children; however, there are few data on the burden of diarrheal disease in Haiti. We conducted a retrospective review of hospital discharge registries from 2010 to 2012 in the pediatric wards of four Haitian hospitals and recorded the number of all-cause hospitalizations and deaths as well as diarrheal hospitalizations and deaths by age (<= 2 and 3-5 years) and epidemiological week. Diarrhea was associated with 3,582(33.7%) of 10,621 hospitalizations and 62(11.5%) of 540 in-hospital deaths in children <= 5 years old. Of these children, 88.5% and 96.8%, respectively, were among children <= 2 years old. The highest proportions of diarrhea-associated hospitalizations occurred from January to April. At four Haitian hospitals over a 3-year period, during which time a major epidemic of cholera occurred, diarrheal disease in children <= 5 years was a major contributor to pediatric hospitalizations and mortality. C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Haiti, Port Au Prince, Haiti. Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Lab Natl Sante Publ, Port Au Prince, Haiti. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Katz, MA (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Haiti, Unit 3400,Box 68, Dpo, AA 34060 USA. EM cfq6@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 291 EP 293 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0370 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000020 PM 24343887 ER PT J AU Suchdev, PS Davis, SM Bartoces, M Ruth, LJ Worrell, CM Kanyi, H Odero, K Wiegand, RE Njenga, SM Montgomery, JM Fox, LM AF Suchdev, Parminder S. Davis, Stephanie M. Bartoces, Monina Ruth, Laird J. Worrell, Caitlin M. Kanyi, Henry Odero, Kennedy Wiegand, Ryan E. Njenga, Sammy M. Montgomery, Joel M. Fox, LeAnnc M. TI Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection and Nutritional Status Among Urban Slum Children in Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED TRIAL; VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; WESTERN KENYA; IRON-DEFICIENCY; ANEMIA; SUPPLEMENTATION; INFLAMMATION; METAANALYSIS; DISEASES AB To evaluate the nutritional impact of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 205 pre-school (PSC) and 487 school-aged children (SAC) randomly selected from the surveillance registry of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the Kibera slum in Kenya. Hemoglobin, iron deficiency (ID), vitamin A deficiency (VAD), inflammation, malaria, anthropometry, and STH ova were measured. Poisson regression models evaluated associations between STH and malnutrition outcomes and controlled for confounders. Approximately 40% of PSC and SAC had STH infection, primarily Ascaris and Trichuris: 2.9% of PSC and 1.1% of SAC had high-intensity infection. Malnutrition prevalence among PSC and SAC was anemia (38.3% and 14.0%, respectively), ID (23.0% and 5.0%, respectively), VAD (16.9% and 4.5%, respectively), and stunting (29.7% and 16.9%, respectively). In multivariate analysis. STH in PSC was associated with VAD (prevalence ratio [PR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-4.6) and ID (PR = 3.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.6-6.6) but not anemia or stunting. No associations were significant in SAC. Integrated deworming and micronutrient supplementation strategics should be evaluated in this population. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Eastern & Southern Africa Ctr Int Parasite Contro, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Suchdev, PS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM psuchdev@cdc.gov OI Suchdev, Parmi/0000-0002-0350-3469 FU U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for this study was obtained from U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) through an interagency agreement with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 299 EP 305 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0560 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000022 PM 24343884 ER PT J AU Eberhard, ML Ruiz-Tiben, E AF Eberhard, Mark L. Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto TI Case Report: Cutaneous Emergence of Eustrongylides in Two Persons from South Sudan SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SUBCUTANEOUS NODULE; ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS; LARVAL NEMATODE; TISSUES AB Two large, living worms were collected as they emerged from the lower limb of each of two persons in South Sudan. The worms were observed by staff of the South Sudan Guinea Worm Eradication Program during surveillance activities in communities at-risk for cases of Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis). The worms measured 7 and 8 cm in length and were identified as fourth-stage larvae of Eustrongylides. This is the first report of such worms emerging from the skin; all five previous reports of human infection involved surgical removal of worms from the peritoneal cavity. C1 [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Eberhard, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mlel@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 315 EP 317 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0638 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000025 PM 24379241 ER PT J AU Won, KY Abudho, B Blackstock, AJ Montgomery, SP Kennedy, ED Person, B Mwinzi, PNM Ochola, EA Foo, KT Hightower, AW Karanja, DMS Secor, WE AF Won, Kimberly Y. Abudho, Bernard Blackstock, Anna J. Montgomery, Susan P. Kennedy, Erin D. Person, Bobbie Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Ochola, Elizabeth A. Foo, Karen T. Hightower, Allen W. Karanja, Diana M. S. Secor, W. Evan TI Assessment of Quality of Life as a Tool for Measuring Morbidity Due to Schistosoma mansoni Infection and the Impact of Treatment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS; WESTERN KENYA; MASS TREATMENT; AGED CHILDREN; PRAZIQUANTEL; SCHOOLCHILDREN; ANEMIA; CHEMOTHERAPY; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS AB Recently, health measurements have broadened to include the assessment of quality of life (QOL). This study was conducted to assess whether the short form of the World Health Organization (WHO) QOL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was an effective tool for measuring morbidity due to Schistosoma mansoni infection and whether it could detect an impact of treatment with praziquantel. A total of 724 adults 18-85 years of age were enrolled. At baseline, S. mansoni prevalence was 73.2% by stool examination and 75.4% by circulating cathodic antigen, and there was no association between infection status and WHOQOL-BREF scores. Six months after treatment, S. mansoni prevalence was lower and the proportion of persons with higher WHOQOL-BREF scores significantly increased among persons who were infected at baseline. However, a similar increase was observed in persons not infected at baseline. In areas of high prevalence, the WHOQOL-BREF may not be able to detect the benefits of schistosomiasis control programs. C1 [Won, Kimberly Y.; Blackstock, Anna J.; Montgomery, Susan P.; Kennedy, Erin D.; Person, Bobbie; Foo, Karen T.; Hightower, Allen W.; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Abudho, Bernard; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.; Ochola, Elizabeth A.; Karanja, Diana M. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Neglected Trop Dis Branch, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Won, KY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kfw7@cdc.gov; babudho@kemricdc.org; hyp9@cdc.gov; zqu6@cdc.gov; ftw3@cdc.gov; bobbieperson@gmail.com; pmwinzi@kemricdc.org; eakinyi@kemricdc.org; karen.t.foo@gmail.com; awh1953@gmail.com; dkaranja@kemriccic.org; was4@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 322 EP 328 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0361 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AA3RC UT WOS:000331009000027 PM 24323511 ER PT J AU Pawloski, LC Queenan, AM Cassiday, PK Lynch, AS Harrison, MJ Shang, W Williams, MM Bowden, KE Burgos-Rivera, B Qin, X Messonnier, N Tondella, ML AF Pawloski, L. C. Queenan, A. M. Cassiday, P. K. Lynch, A. S. Harrison, M. J. Shang, W. Williams, M. M. Bowden, K. E. Burgos-Rivera, B. Qin, X. Messonnier, N. Tondella, M. L. TI Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis in the United States SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL TRENDS; GENOMIC CONTENT; VACCINE; EPIDEMIC; STRAINS; TIME; CALIFORNIA; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; VIRULENCE AB Pertussis has shown a striking resurgence in the United States, with a return to record numbers of reported cases as last observed in the 1950s. Bordetella pertussis isolates lacking pertactin, a key antigen component of the acellular pertussis vaccine, have been observed, suggesting that B. pertussis is losing pertactin in response to vaccine immunity. Screening of 1,300 isolates from outbreak and surveillance studies (historical isolates collected from 1935 up to 2009, isolates from the 2010 California pertussis outbreak, U.S. isolates from routine surveillance between 2010-2012, and isolates from the 2012 Washington pertussis outbreak) by conventional PCR and later by Western blotting and prn sequencing analyses ultimately identified 306 pertactin-deficient isolates. Of these pertactin-deficient strains, 276 were identified as having an IS481 in the prn gene (prnIS481 positive). The first prnIS481-positive isolate was found in 1994, and the next prnIS481-positive isolates were not detected until 2010. The prevalence of pertactin-deficient isolates increased substantially to more than 50% of collected isolates in 2012. Sequence analysis of pertactin- deficient isolates revealed various types of mutations in the prn gene, including two deletions, single nucleotide substitutions resulting in a stop codon, an inversion in the promoter, and a single nucleotide insertion resulting in a frameshift mutation. All but one mutation type were found in prn2 alleles. CDC 013 was a predominant pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile in the pertactin-positive isolates (203/994) but was found in only 5% (16/306) of the pertactin-deficient isolates. Interestingly, PFGE profiles CDC 002 and CDC 237 represented 55% (167/306) of the identified pertactin-deficient isolates. These results indicate that there has been a recent dramatic increase in pertactin-deficient B. pertussis isolates throughout the United States. C1 [Pawloski, L. C.; Cassiday, P. K.; Harrison, M. J.; Williams, M. M.; Bowden, K. E.; Burgos-Rivera, B.; Messonnier, N.; Tondella, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Queenan, A. M.; Lynch, A. S.; Shang, W.] Janssen Res & Dev LLC, Raritan, NJ USA. [Qin, X.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. RP Pawloski, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lpawloski@cdc.gov OI Bowden, Katherine/0000-0002-7877-8205 NR 34 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 21 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1128/CVI.00717-13 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AA6HA UT WOS:000331198200002 PM 24256623 ER PT J AU Pettitt, DJ Talton, J Dabelea, D Divers, J Imperatore, G Lawrence, JM Liese, AD Linder, B Mayer-Davis, EJ Pihoker, C Saydah, SH Standiford, DA Hamman, RF AF Pettitt, David J. Talton, Jennifer Dabelea, Dana Divers, Jasmin Imperatore, Giuseppina Lawrence, Jean M. Liese, Angela D. Linder, Barbara Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. Pihoker, Catherine Saydah, Sharon H. Standiford, Debra A. Hamman, Richard F. CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp TI Prevalence of Diabetes in US Youth in 2009: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-2; CHILDREN; MELLITUS; AMERICAN; CHILDHOOD; CANADA; COHORT; ADOLESCENTS; REGISTRY AB OBJECTIVETo estimate the prevalence of diabetes in U.S. youth aged <20 years in 2009 and to estimate the total number of youth with diabetes in the U.S. by age, race/ethnicity, and diabetes type.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSTo address one of its primary aims, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study identified youth aged <20 years on 31 December 2009 with physician-diagnosed diabetes in selected areas of Colorado, Ohio, South Carolina, and Washington, among health plan members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California and among American Indians living on reservations in Arizona and New Mexico. Diabetes was classified as type 1, type 2, or other. Race/ethnicity was by self-report.RESULTSFrom a population of 3,458,974 youth aged <20 years, 7,695 youth with diabetes were identified (2.22/1,000): 6,668 with type 1 diabetes (1.93/1,000), 837 with type 2 diabetes (0.24/1,000), and 190 (0.05/1,000) with other diabetes types. Prevalence increased with age, was slightly higher in females than males, and was most prevalent in non-Hispanic White and least prevalent in Asian/Pacific Islanders, with Native American and black youth having the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes. An estimated 191,986 U.S. youth aged <20 years have diabetes; 166,984 type 1 diabetes, 20,262 type 2 diabetes, and 4,740 other types.CONCLUSIONSDiabetes, one of the leading chronic diseases in childhood, affects >190,000 (1 of 433) youth aged <20 years in the U.S., with racial and ethnic disparities seen in diabetes prevalence, overall and by diabetes type. C1 [Pettitt, David J.] Sansum Diabet Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA. [Talton, Jennifer; Divers, Jasmin] Wake Forest Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Dabelea, Dana; Hamman, Richard F.] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina; Saydah, Sharon H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lawrence, Jean M.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Linder, Barbara] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pihoker, Catherine] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Standiford, Debra A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Pettitt, DJ (reprint author), Sansum Diabet Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA. EM dpettitt@sansum.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [00097, DP-05-069, DP-10-001]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Kaiser Permanente Southern California [U48/CCU919219, U01DP000246, U18DP002714]; University of Colorado Denver [U48/CCU819241-3, U01DP000247, U18DP000247-06A1]; Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) [U48/CCU519239, U01DP000248, 1U18DP002709]; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [U48/CCU419249, U01DP000254, U18DP002708-01]; University of Washington School of Medicine [U58/CCU019235-4, U01DP000244, U18DP002710-01]; Wake Forest University School of Medicine [U48/CCU919219, U01DP000250, 200-2010-35171] FX The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA numbers 00097, DP-05-069, and DP-10-001) and is supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Site contract numbers: Kaiser Permanente Southern California (U48/CCU919219, U01DP000246, and U18DP002714), University of Colorado Denver (U48/CCU819241-3, U01DP000247, and U18DP000247-06A1), Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) (U48/CCU519239, U01DP000248, and 1U18DP002709), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U48/CCU419249, U01DP000254, and U18DP002708-01), University of Washington School of Medicine (U58/CCU019235-4, U01DP000244, and U18DP002710-01), and Wake Forest University School of Medicine (U48/CCU919219, U01DP000250, and 200-2010-35171). NR 39 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD FEB PY 2014 VL 37 IS 2 BP 402 EP 408 DI 10.2337/dc13-1838 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AA4NM UT WOS:000331072800027 PM 24041677 ER PT J AU Stefaniak, AB Duling, MG Geer, L Virji, MA AF Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Duling, Mathew G. Geer, Laura Virji, M. Abbas TI Dissolution of the metal sensitizers Ni, Be, Cr in artificial sweat to improve estimates of dermal bioaccessibility SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID VITRO PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; FIELD-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SURFACE-FILM LIQUIDS; IN-VITRO; PARTICULATE MATTER; CHROMIUM ALLERGY; HUMAN SKIN; NICKEL; BERYLLIUM; PERMEATION AB Dermal exposure to sensitizing metals is a serious occupational and public health problem. The usual approach to dermal exposure assessment is to process samples by chemical methods that use reactants to digest the metal particles and quantify the mass. In the case of dermal exposure assessment, these reactants are not representative of the skin surface film liquids and hence, may overestimate bioaccessibility. We hypothesize that the amount and form of sensitizer on a sample that leaches in a biological fluid, as can be estimated using artificial sweat, may be a more relevant metric for assessing health risks. Beryllium metal (Be), nickel metal (Ni), and chromium carbide (Cr3C2) particles were characterized and masses of sensitizing ions were measured using established reactant-assisted digestion procedures and extraction in artificial sweat under physiologically relevant conditions. Chromium ions released into artificial sweat were speciated to understand valence states. The ratios of the fraction of metal dissolved in artificial sweat relative to that dissolved by chemical-specific reactants were 1/2 (Be), 1/108 (Ni), and 1/2500 (Cr). The divalent Be and Ni cations were stable in artificial sweat over time (did not precipitate) whereas hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] ions decayed over time. Further analysis using speciated isotope dilution mass spectrometry revealed that the decay of Cr(VI) was accompanied by the formation of Cr(III) in the sweat model. Use of reactant-assisted analytical chemistry to quantify amounts of metal sensitizers on samples could overestimate biologically relevant exposure. In addition to mass, the valence state also influences penetration through the outer stratum corneum of the skin and is an important consideration when assessing exposure to complex sensitizers such as Cr which have multiple valence states with differing penetration efficiencies. C1 [Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Duling, Mathew G.; Virji, M. Abbas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Geer, Laura] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM AStefaniak@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 341 EP 351 DI 10.1039/c3em00570d PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB0TD UT WOS:000331504100019 PM 24448251 ER PT J AU King, J Patel, V Jamoom, EW Furukawa, MF AF King, Jennifer Patel, Vaishali Jamoom, Eric W. Furukawa, Michael F. TI Clinical Benefits of Electronic Health Record Use: National Findings SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-RECORD; PRIMARY-CARE; PHYSICIANS; IMPLEMENTATION; INFORMATION; ADOPTION; SYSTEMS; IMPACT C1 [King, Jennifer; Patel, Vaishali; Furukawa, Michael F.] Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Jamoom, Eric W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP King, J (reprint author), Off Natl Coordinator Hlth Informat Technol, 200 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM jennifer.king2@hhs.gov NR 26 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-9124 EI 1475-6773 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 49 IS 1 BP 392 EP 404 PN 2 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA AA3MA UT WOS:000330995400006 PM 24359580 ER PT J AU MacLennan, PA McGwin, G Heckemeyer, C Lolley, VR Hullett, S Saaddine, J Shrestha, SS Owsley, C AF MacLennan, Paul A. McGwin, Gerald, Jr. Heckemeyer, Christine Lolley, Virginia R. Hullett, Sandral Saaddine, Jinan Shrestha, Sundar S. Owsley, Cynthia TI Eye Care Use Among a High-Risk Diabetic Population Seen in a Public Hospital's Clinics SO JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICANS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; RETINOPATHY; ADULTS; MELLITUS; DISPARITIES; PROGRESSION; PREVALENCE AB IMPORTANCE Little is known regarding eye care use among low-income persons with diabetes mellitus, especially African Americans. OBJECTIVE To investigate eye care use among patients with diabetes who were seen in a county hospital clinic that primarily serves high-risk, low-income, non-Hispanic African American patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cohort study with 2 years of follow-up examined eye care use among adult patients with diabetes seen in 2007 in an outpatient medical clinic of a large, urban county hospital that primarily serves low-income, non-Hispanic African American patients. Patients with a history of retinopathy and macular edema or a current diagnosis indicating ophthalmic complications were excluded. Eye care use was defined dichotomously as whether or not patients had a visit to the eye clinic for any eye care examination or procedure. We estimated crude and adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) and 95% CIs for the association between eye care use and selected clinical and demographic characteristics. RESULTS There were 867 patients with diabetes identified: 61.9% were women, 76.2% were non-Hispanic African American, and 61.4% were indigent, with a mean age of 51.8 years. Eye care utilization rates were 33.2% within 1 and 45.0% within 2 years. For patients aged 19 to 39 years compared with those aged 65 years or older, significantly decreased eye care utilization rates were observed within 1 year (aRR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.27-0.84) and within 2 years (aRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.38-0.99). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Overall eye care utilization rates were low. Additional education efforts to increase the perception of need among urban minority populations may be enhanced if focused on younger persons with diabetes. C1 [MacLennan, Paul A.; McGwin, Gerald, Jr.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Surg, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [McGwin, Gerald, Jr.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [McGwin, Gerald, Jr.; Lolley, Virginia R.; Owsley, Cynthia] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Ophthalmol, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Heckemeyer, Christine; Hullett, Sandral] Cooper Green Mercy Hosp, Jefferson Cty Hlth Syst, Birmingham, AL USA. [Saaddine, Jinan; Shrestha, Sundar S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP MacLennan, PA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Surg, Sch Med, 115 Kracke Bldg,1530 Third Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM maclennan@uab.edu FU Innovative Network for Sight Research (INSIGHT), an initiative of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U58DP002651] FX This research was supported through the Innovative Network for Sight Research (INSIGHT), an initiative of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreement 1U58DP002651. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6165 EI 2168-6173 J9 JAMA OPHTHALMOL JI JAMA Ophthalmol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 132 IS 2 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.6046 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA AA8TJ UT WOS:000331367600007 PM 24310149 ER PT J AU Papania, MJ Wallace, GS Rota, PA Icenogle, JP Fiebelkorn, AP Armstrong, GL Reef, SE Redd, SB Abernathy, ES Barskey, AE Hao, LJ McLean, HQ Rota, JS Bellini, WJ Seward, JF AF Papania, Mark J. Wallace, Gregory S. Rota, Paul A. Icenogle, Joseph P. Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Armstrong, Gregory L. Reef, Susan E. Redd, Susan B. Abernathy, Emily S. Barskey, Albert E. Hao, Lijuan McLean, Huong Q. Rota, Jennifer S. Bellini, William J. Seward, Jane F. TI Elimination of Endemic Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome From the Western Hemisphere The US Experience SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID STATE VACCINATION COVERAGE; UNITED-STATES; VIROLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE; IMMUNIZATION; ACHIEVEMENT; POPULATION; ILLNESSES; CHILDREN AB IMPORTANCE To verify the elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) from the Western hemisphere, the Pan American Health Organization requested each member country to compile a national elimination report. The United States documented the elimination of endemic measles in 2000 and of endemic rubella and CRS in 2004. In December 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened an external expert panel to review the evidence and determine whether elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and CRS had been sustained. OBJECTIVE To review the evidence for sustained elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and CRS from the United States through 2011. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Review of data for measles from 2001 to 2011 and for rubella and CRS from 2004 to 2011 covering the US resident population and international visitors, including disease epidemiology, importation status of cases, molecular epidemiology, adequacy of surveillance, and population immunity as estimated by national vaccination coverage and serologic surveys. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Annual numbers of measles, rubella, and CRS cases, by importation status, outbreak size, and distribution; proportions of US population seropositive for measles and rubella; and measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage levels. RESULTS Since 2001, US reported measles incidence has remained below 1 case per 1 000 000 population. Since 2004, rubella incidence has been below 1 case per 10 000 000 population, and CRS incidence has been below 1 case per 5 000 000 births. Eighty-eight percent of measles cases and 54% of rubella cases were internationally imported or epidemiologically or virologically linked to importation. The few cases not linked to importation were insufficient to represent endemic transmission. Molecular epidemiology indicated no endemic genotypes. The US surveillance system is adequate to detect endemic measles or rubella. Seroprevalence and vaccination coverage data indicate high levels of population immunity to measles and rubella. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The external expert panel concluded that the elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and CRS from the United States was sustained through 2011. However, international importation continues, and health care providers should suspect measles or rubella in patients with febrile rash illness, especially when associated with international travel or international visitors, and should report suspected cases to the local health department. C1 [Papania, Mark J.; Rota, Paul A.; Icenogle, Joseph P.; Abernathy, Emily S.; Hao, Lijuan; Rota, Jennifer S.; Bellini, William J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wallace, Gregory S.; Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker; Armstrong, Gregory L.; McLean, Huong Q.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reef, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barskey, Albert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, HIV Incidence & Case Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McLean, Huong Q.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Papania, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Mailstop C-22,1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpapania@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 168 IS 2 BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.4342 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AA8TD UT WOS:000331366900012 PM 24311021 ER PT J AU Tepper, NK Marchbanks, PA Curtis, KM AF Tepper, Naomi K. Marchbanks, Polly A. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI US Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2013 SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; UNITED-STATES; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; REVISED RECOMMENDATIONS; WOMEN; DISCONTINUATION; DISPARITIES; GUIDANCE; UPDATE; RATES AB Unintended pregnancy rates remain high in the United States and these pregnancies may carry increased risks for negative health outcomes. Lack of contraceptive use and inconsistent use are important contributors to the high rate of unintended pregnancies. Women may face certain barriers to starting contraception and using it effectively. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recently developed the U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2013, which provides guidance for common yet sometimes complex issues in contraceptive management. This guidance aims to reduce barriers to contraceptive use by providing clear recommendations for providers to assist women in initiating and using contraceptive methods to maximize effectiveness and decrease risk of unintended pregnancy. C1 [Tepper, Naomi K.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tepper, NK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ntepper@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 108 EP 111 DI 10.1089/jwh.2013.4556 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA AA7HC UT WOS:000331267300002 PM 24116965 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Dietz, PM O'Hara, MW Burley, K Ko, JY AF Farr, Sherry L. Dietz, Patricia M. O'Hara, Michael W. Burley, Kim Ko, Jean Y. TI Postpartum Anxiety and Comorbid Depression in a Population-Based Sample of Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SMOKING-CESSATION; COMMUNITY SAMPLE; MENTAL-ILLNESS; OUTCOME DATA; PREGNANCY; SYMPTOMS; STRESS; DISORDERS; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE AB Background: Population-based estimates of prevalence of anxiety and comorbid depression are lacking. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anxiety and comorbid depressive symptoms in a population-based sample of women. Methods: Using multinomial logistic regression, we examined the prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anxiety and depressive symptoms using 2009-2010 data from the Illinois and Maryland Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a population-based survey of mothers who gave birth to live infants. Survey participants are asked validated screening questions on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results: Among 4451 postpartum women, 18.0% reported postpartum anxiety symptoms, of whom 35% reported postpartum depressive symptoms (6.3% overall). In the multivariable model, higher numbers of stressors during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range: 1.3-9.7) and delivering an infant at 27 weeks gestation (aOR range: 2.0-5.7) were associated with postpartum anxiety and postpartum depressive symptoms, experienced individually or together. Smoking throughout pregnancy was associated with postpartum anxiety symptoms only (aOR=2.3) and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms (aOR=2.9). Conclusions: Given the possible adverse effects of postpartum anxiety and comorbid depression on maternal health and infant development, clinicians should be aware of the substantial prevalence, comorbidity, and risk factors for both conditions and facilitate identification, referral, and/or treatment. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Burley, Kim; Ko, Jean Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Hara, Michael W.] Univ Iowa, Dept Psychol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sfarr@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1089/jwh.2013.4438 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA AA7HC UT WOS:000331267300004 PM 24160774 ER PT J AU Kutty, PK McLean, HQ Lawler, J Schulte, C Hudson, JM Blog, D Wallace, G AF Kutty, Preeta K. McLean, Huong Q. Lawler, Jacqueline Schulte, Cynthia Hudson, Jean M. Blog, Debra Wallace, Gregory TI Risk Factors for Transmission of Mumps in a Highly Vaccinated Population in Orange County, NY, 2009-2010 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE mumps; outbreak; risk factors; transmission ID NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; RUBELLA VACCINE; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; MMR VACCINATION; ANTIBODY-LEVELS; FOLLOW-UP; OUTBREAK; MEASLES; PERSISTENCE AB Background: In 2009-2010, we investigated a mumps outbreak among a highly vaccinated Orthodox Jewish population in a village in Orange County, NY, to identify risk factors associated with mumps transmission among persons with 2 doses of mumps-containing vaccine. Methods: Demographic and epidemiologic characteristics were collected on students in grades 6-12 in 3 schools. A mumps case was defined as a student, who self-reported parotitis, orchitis, jaw swelling and/or a mumps-related complication or whose mumps illness was reported to the Orange County Health Department during September 1, 2009, to January 18, 2010. Log-binomial regression analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls as they attended different schools and had different hours of study. Results: Of the 2503 students with 2 documented doses of mumps-containing vaccine, 320 (13%) developed mumps. Risk of mumps increased with increasing number of mumps cases in the class [8 vs. 3 cases: boys aRR = 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.0; girls aRR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.6-4.1] and household (>1 vs. 0 cases: boys aRR = 4.3 95% CI: 3.7-5.6; girls aRR = 10.1 95% CI: 7.1-14.3). Age at first dose, time since last dose, time between first and second dose, school, class size, number of hours at school per week and household size were not significantly associated with having mumps. Conclusions: Two doses of mumps-containing vaccine may not be as effective in outbreak settings with multiple, prolonged and intense exposure. Additional studies are required to understand why such mumps outbreaks occur and how they can be prevented in the future. C1 [Kutty, Preeta K.; McLean, Huong Q.; Wallace, Gregory] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [McLean, Huong Q.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Lawler, Jacqueline; Hudson, Jean M.] Orange Cty Hlth Dept, Goshen, NY USA. [Schulte, Cynthia; Blog, Debra] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Immunizat, Albany, NY USA. RP Kutty, PK (reprint author), MS C25,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pkutty@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000020 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AA5KZ UT WOS:000331139100008 PM 23995590 ER PT J AU Gounder, PP Hennessy, TW AF Gounder, Prabhu P. Hennessy, Thomas W. TI The Effect of Antimicrobial Use on Nasopharyngeal Colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Letter C1 [Gounder, Prabhu P.; Hennessy, Thomas W.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Gounder, PP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 228 EP 228 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000107 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AA5KZ UT WOS:000331139100035 PM 24413412 ER PT J AU Hasan, R Rhodes, J Thamthitiwat, S Olsen, SJ Prapasiri, P Naorat, S Chittaganpitch, M Henchaichon, S Dejsirilert, S Srisaengchai, P Sawatwong, P Jorakate, P Kaewpwan, A Fry, AM Erdman, D Chuananon, S Amornintapichet, T Maloney, SA Baggett, HC AF Hasan, Reem Rhodes, Julia Thamthitiwat, Somsak Olsen, Sonja J. Prapasiri, Prabda Naorat, Sathapana Chittaganpitch, Malinee Henchaichon, Sununta Dejsirilert, Surang Srisaengchai, Prasong Sawatwong, Pongpun Jorakate, Possawat Kaewpwan, Anek Fry, Alicia M. Erdman, Dean Chuananon, Somchai Amornintapichet, Tussanee Maloney, Susan A. Baggett, Henry C. TI Incidence and Etiology of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalized Children Younger Than 5 Years in Rural Thailand SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumonia; respiratory illness; Thailand; pediatric ID CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BACTEREMIA; MANAGEMENT; ASTHMA; IMPACT AB Background: Pneumonia remains a leading cause of under-five morbidity and mortality globally. Comprehensive incidence, epidemiologic and etiologic data are needed to update prevention and control strategies. Methods: We conducted active, population-based surveillance for hospitalized cases of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) among children <5 years of age in rural Thailand. ALRI cases were systematically sampled for an etiology study that tested nasopharyngeal specimens by polymerase chain reaction; children without ALRI were enrolled as controls from outpatient clinics. Results: We identified 28,543 hospitalized ALRI cases from 2005 to 2010. Among the 49% with chest radiographs, 76% had findings consistent with pneumonia as identified by 2 study radiologists. The hospitalized ALRI incidence rate was 5772 per 100,000 child-years (95% confidence interval: 5707, 5837) and was higher in boys versus girls (incidence rate ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-1.41) and in children 6-23 months of age versus other age groups (incidence rate ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.69-1.84). Viruses most commonly detected in ALRI cases were respiratory syncytial virus (19.5%), rhinoviruses (18.7%), bocavirus (12.8%) and influenza viruses (8%). Compared with controls, ALRI cases were more likely to test positive for respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza viruses 1 and 3 (P 0.01 for all). Bloodstream infections, most commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontyphoidal Salmonella, accounted for 1.8% of cases. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the high burden of hospitalization for ALRI and the importance of viral pathogens among children in Thailand. Interventions targeting viral pathogens coupled with improved diagnostic approaches, especially for bacteria, are critical for better understanding of ALRI etiology, prevention and control. C1 [Hasan, Reem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Hubert Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hasan, Reem; Rhodes, Julia; Thamthitiwat, Somsak; Olsen, Sonja J.; Prapasiri, Prabda; Naorat, Sathapana; Henchaichon, Sununta; Srisaengchai, Prasong; Sawatwong, Pongpun; Jorakate, Possawat; Kaewpwan, Anek; Maloney, Susan A.; Baggett, Henry C.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Global Dis Detect Reg Ctr, Int Emerging Infect Program, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Olsen, Sonja J.; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chittaganpitch, Malinee; Dejsirilert, Surang] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Erdman, Dean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chuananon, Somchai] Nakhon Phanom Prov Hosp, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand. [Amornintapichet, Tussanee] Crown Prince Hosp, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. [Maloney, Susan A.; Baggett, Henry C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hasan, R (reprint author), Dept Internal Med, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr SPC 5368, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rhasan@umich.edu FU CDC Foundation; Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan; GAVI Alliance; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; CDC; International Emerging Infections Program (Global Disease Detection Program); Thailand Ministry of Public Health FX R. H. was supported by the CDC Foundation for the completion of this work. Support for this project was also provided by Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan, which was funded by the GAVI Alliance and is based at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Support for this project was also provided by the CDC and the International Emerging Infections Program (Global Disease Detection Program) and the Thailand Ministry of Public Health. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP E45 EP E52 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000062 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AA5KZ UT WOS:000331139100004 PM 24030346 ER PT J AU Mortensen, E Hellinger, W Keller, C Cowan, LS Shaw, T Hwang, S Pegues, D Ahmedov, S Salfinger, M Bower, WA AF Mortensen, E. Hellinger, W. Keller, C. Cowan, L. S. Shaw, T. Hwang, S. Pegues, D. Ahmedov, S. Salfinger, M. Bower, W. A. TI Three cases of donor-derived pulmonary tuberculosis in lung transplant recipients and review of 12 previously reported cases: opportunities for early diagnosis and prevention SO TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lung transplantation; interferon gamma release assay; donor selection ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; MANAGEMENT AB IntroductionSolid organ transplant recipients have a higher frequency of tuberculosis (TB) than the general population, with mortality rates of approximately 30%. Although donor-derived TB is reported to account for <5% of TB in solid organ transplants, the source of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is infrequently determined. MethodsWe report 3 new cases of pulmonary TB in lung transplant recipients attributed to donor infection, and review the 12 previously reported cases to assess whether cases could have been prevented and whether any cases that might occur in the future could be detected and investigated more quickly. Specifically, we evaluate whether opportunities existed to determine TB risk on the basis of routine donor history, to expedite diagnosis through routine mycobacterial smears and cultures of respiratory specimens early post transplant, and to utilize molecular tools to investigate infection sources epidemiologically. FindingsOn review, donor TB risk was present among 7 cases. Routine smears and cultures diagnosed 4 asymptomatic cases. Genotyping was used to support epidemiologic findings in 6 cases. ConclusionValidated screening protocols, including microbiological testing and newer technologies (e.g., interferon-gamma release assays) to identify unrecognized M.tuberculosis infection in deceased donors, are warranted. C1 [Mortensen, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Field Assignments Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hellinger, W.] Mayo Clin, Infect Dis, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Keller, C.] Mayo Clin, Pulm & Crit Care Med, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Cowan, L. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shaw, T.] Ctr Infect Dis, Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis, TB Control Branch, Sacramento, CA USA. [Hwang, S.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Pegues, D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ahmedov, S.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur TB & Refugee Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Salfinger, M.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bureau Labs, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Bower, W. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bower, WA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd MS A30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbower@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1398-2273 EI 1399-3062 J9 TRANSPL INFECT DIS JI Transpl. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1111/tid.12171 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Transplantation GA AA6AZ UT WOS:000331182400008 PM 24383414 ER PT J AU Inpankaew, T Jiyipong, T Wongpanit, K Pinyopanuwat, N Chimnoi, W Kengradomkij, C Xuan, XN Igarashi, I Xiao, LH Jittapalapong, S AF Inpankaew, Tawin Jiyipong, Tawisa Wongpanit, Kannika Pinyopanuwat, Nongnuch Chimnoi, Wissanuwat Kengradomkij, Chanya Xuan, Xuenan Igarashi, Ikuo Xiao, Lihua Jittapalapong, Sathaporn TI Molecular detection of Cryptosporidium spp. infections in water buffaloes from northeast Thailand SO TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; PCR; Indirect fluorescence antibody test; Buffaloes; Northeast; Thailand ID PARVUM INFECTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; NATIONAL-PARK; DAIRY-COWS; PREVALENCE; CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; CALVES AB The objectives of this study were to determine the individual and herd-level prevalence and genotype of Cryptosporidium and to identify putative risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infections in water buffaloes in northeast Thailand. Fecal samples from 600 water buffaloes of 287 farms in six provinces were collected and tested using DMSO-modified acid-fast staining and polymerase chain reaction. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections in buffaloes was 5.7 and 8.7 % among individual animals and herds, respectively. The provinces with highest infected Cryptosporidium were located in the Sakon Nakhon Basin in the northern part of the region. In addition, higher herd prevalence was observed among farms with more than five buffaloes (30 %) than those with five or less animals (16.2 %). Thirty (88.2 %) of the 34 Cryptosporidium-positive samples were Cryptosporidium parvum and four (11.8 %) were Cryptosporidium ryanae. C1 [Inpankaew, Tawin; Jiyipong, Tawisa; Pinyopanuwat, Nongnuch; Chimnoi, Wissanuwat; Kengradomkij, Chanya; Jittapalapong, Sathaporn] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Parasitol, Fac Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Wongpanit, Kannika] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Nat Resource & Agroind, Bangkok, Thailand. [Xuan, Xuenan; Igarashi, Ikuo] Obihiro Univ Agr & Vet Med, Natl Res Ctr Protozoan Dis, Obihiro, Hokkaido 0808555, Japan. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Inpankaew, T (reprint author), Kasetsart Univ, Dept Parasitol, Fac Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. EM fvettwi@gmail.com RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; JITTAPALAPONG, SATHAPORN/0000-0001-6566-8050 FU Kasetsart University Research Development Institute (KURDI) FX The authors wish to thank the provincial veterinary officers and water buffalo owners in the Department of Livestock Development in Ubon Ratchathani, Roi Et, Si Sa Ket, Surin, Buri Ram, and Sakon Nakhon provinces for the assistance in sample collection. This project was supported by the Kasetsart University Research Development Institute (KURDI). NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-4747 EI 1573-7438 J9 TROP ANIM HEALTH PRO JI Trop. Anim. Health Prod. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.1007/s11250-013-0499-8 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA AA3IU UT WOS:000330986900029 PM 24233462 ER PT J AU Xiang, ZQ Greenberg, L Ertl, HC Rupprecht, CE AF Xiang, Z. Q. Greenberg, L. Ertl, H. C. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Protection of non-human primates against rabies with an adenovirus recombinant vaccine SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adenoviral vaccine; NHP; Rabies virus; VNA ID CHIMPANZEE ADENOVIRUS; IMMUNITY; IMMUNIZATION; VECTORS; PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION; ANTIBODIES; INDUCTION; INFECTION; CHILDREN AB Rabies remains a major neglected global zoonosis. New vaccine strategies are needed for human rabies prophylaxis. A single intramuscular immunization with a moderate dose of an experimental chimpanzee adenovirus (Ad) vector serotype SAd-V24, also termed AdC68, expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein, resulted in sustained titers of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies and protection against a lethal rabies virus challenge infection in a non-human primate model. Taken together, these data demonstrate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the recombinant Ad-rabies vector for further consideration in human clinical trials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiang, Z. Q.; Ertl, H. C.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Wistar Inst Anat & Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Greenberg, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rupprecht, C. E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. [Rupprecht, C. E.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi. RP Ertl, HC (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Wistar Inst Anat & Biol, 3601 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM ertl@wistar.upenn.edu FU NIH/NIAID [1R01AI055018, 5R01AI037166] FX The authors thank staff in the CDC Rabies Program and Animal Resources Branch for their assistance. The views expressed in this communication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of their host institutions. Use of commercial product names is for comparison purposes only and does not constitute official endorsement. This work was supported in part by grants from NIH/NIAID 1R01AI055018 and 5R01AI037166. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB PY 2014 VL 450 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.029 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA AB0MC UT WOS:000331485500027 PM 24503087 ER PT J AU Gerloff, NA Khan, SU Balish, A Shanta, IS Simpson, N Berman, L Haider, N Poh, MK Islam, A Gurley, E Hasnat, MA Dey, T Shu, B Emery, S Lindstrom, S Haque, A Klimov, A Villanueva, J Rahman, M Azziz-Baumgartner, E Rahman, MZ Luby, SP Zeidner, N Donis, RO Sturm-Ramirez, K Davis, CT AF Gerloff, Nancy A. Khan, Salah Uddin Balish, Amanda Shanta, Ireen S. Simpson, Natosha Berman, LaShondra Haider, Najmul Poh, Mee Kian Islam, Ausraful Gurley, Emily Hasnat, Md Abdul Dey, T. Shu, Bo Emery, Shannon Lindstrom, Stephen Haque, Ainul Klimov, Alexander Villanueva, Julie Rahman, Mahmudur Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Rahman, Md Ziaur Luby, Stephen P. Zeidner, Nord Donis, Ruben O. Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine Davis, C. Todd TI Multiple reassortment events among highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses detected in Bangladesh SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Orthomyxovirus; Phylogenetics; Avian influenza; Evolution; Antigenicity; Reassortment; Bangladesh ID SINGLE AMINO-ACID; A H7N9 VIRUS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HUMAN INFECTION; HONG-KONG; H5N1; POULTRY; PROTEIN; ORIGIN; MICE AB In Bangladesh, little is known about the genomic composition and antigenicity of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses, their geographic distribution, temporal patterns, or gene flow within the avian host population. Forty highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses isolated from humans and poultry in Bangladesh between 2008 and 2012 were analyzed by full genome sequencing and antigenic characterization. The analysis included viruses collected from avian hosts and environmental sampling in live bird markets, backyard poultry flocks, outbreak investigations in wild birds or poultry and from three human cases. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the ancestors of these viruses reassorted (1) with other gene lineages of the same clade, (2) between different clades and (3) with low pathogenicity avian influenza A virus subtypes. Bayesian estimates of the time of most recent common ancestry, combined with geographic information, provided evidence of probable routes and timelines of virus spread into and out of Bangladesh. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gerloff, Nancy A.; Balish, Amanda; Simpson, Natosha; Berman, LaShondra; Poh, Mee Kian; Shu, Bo; Emery, Shannon; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander; Villanueva, Julie; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Donis, Ruben O.; Davis, C. Todd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khan, Salah Uddin; Shanta, Ireen S.; Haider, Najmul; Islam, Ausraful; Gurley, Emily; Hasnat, Md Abdul; Rahman, Md Ziaur; Luby, Stephen P.; Zeidner, Nord; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Dey, T.] Minist Environm & Forest, Forest Dept, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Haque, Ainul] Minist Fisheries & Livestock, Dept Livestock Serv, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rahman, Mahmudur] Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Davis, CT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-D30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eou8@cdc.gov RI Gerloff, Nancy/C-8955-2015; Haider, Najmul/F-6083-2015; Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gerloff, Nancy/0000-0001-5696-8318; Haider, Najmul/0000-0002-5980-3460; Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Islam, Ausraful/0000-0001-9608-0823; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU U.S. Department of Energy; NIH/NSF Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases award from the Fogarty International Center [3R01-TW005869]; [U01/CI000628-05] FX We gratefully acknowledge the authors, and the originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID's EpiFluTM Database, which were used in this analysis. The virus A/chicken/Bangladesh/11RS-1984-30/2011 subtype H5N1 was kindly provided by G. Cattoli, Istituto Zooprofilattico delle Venezie, Italy. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy. Icddr,b is funded by project U01/CI000628-05, a cooperative agreement with CDC. We thank the EcoHealth Alliance for financial support of staff involved in sample collection; which was funded by NIH/NSF Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases award from the Fogarty International Center (3R01-TW005869). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB PY 2014 VL 450 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.023 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AB0MC UT WOS:000331485500033 PM 24503093 ER PT J AU Stone, PW Pogorzelska-Maziarz, M Herzig, CTA Weiner, LM Furuya, EY Dick, A Larson, E AF Stone, Patricia W. Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Monika Herzig, Carolyn T. A. Weiner, Lindsey M. Furuya, E. Yoko Dick, Andrew Larson, Elaine TI State of infection prevention in US hospitals enrolled in the National Health and Safety Network SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Health care-associated infection; Policy; Quality; Staffing; Infection preventionist ID CONSENSUS PANEL REPORT; CONTROL PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; REQUIREMENTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFRASTRUCTURE; CERTIFICATION; IMPACT AB Background: This report provides a national cross-sectional snapshot of infection prevention and control programs and clinician compliance with the implementation of processes to prevent health caree associated infections (HAIs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: All hospitals, except Veterans Affairs hospitals, enrolled in the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) were eligible to participate. Participation involved completing a survey assessing the presence of evidence-based prevention policies and clinician adherence and joining our NHSN research group. Descriptive statistics were computed. Facility characteristics and HAI rates by ICU type were compared between respondents and nonrespondents. Results: Of the 3,374 eligible hospitals, 975 provided data (29% response rate) on 1,653 ICUs, and there were complete data on the presence of policies in 1,534 ICUs. The average number of infection preventionists (IPs) per 100 beds was 1.2. Certification of IP staff varied across institutions, and the average hours per week devoted to data management and secretarial support were generally low. There was variation in the presence of policies and clinician adherence to these policies. There were no differences in HAI rates between respondents and nonrespondents. Conclusions: Guidelines for IP staffing in acute care hospitals need to be updated. In future work, we will analyze the associations between HAI rates and infection prevention and control program characteristics, as well as the inplementation of and clinician adherence to evidence-based policies. Copyright (C) 2014 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stone, Patricia W.; Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Monika; Herzig, Carolyn T. A.; Larson, Elaine] Columbia Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy, Sch Nursing, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Herzig, Carolyn T. A.; Larson, Elaine] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Weiner, Lindsey M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Furuya, E. Yoko] Columbia Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Dick, Andrew] RAND Corp, Boston, MA USA. RP Stone, PW (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, 630 W 168th St,Mail Code 6, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM ps2024@columbia.edu FU National Institute of Nursing Research [R01NR010107]; Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research (grant R01NR010107). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Nursing Research, the National Institutes of Health, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition, this research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD FEB PY 2014 VL 42 IS 2 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.10.003 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AA2VO UT WOS:000330952500004 PM 24485365 ER PT J AU Ostchega, Y Hughes, JP Prineas, RJ Zhang, GY Nwankwo, T Chiappa, MM AF Ostchega, Yechiam Hughes, Jeffery P. Prineas, Ronald J. Zhang, Guangyu Nwankwo, Tatiana Chiappa, Michele M. TI Mid-arm circumference and recommended blood pressure cuffs for children and adolescents aged between 3 and 19 years: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2010 SO BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING LA English DT Article DE blood pressure cuff sizes; children; mid-arm circumference; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ID OBESITY; TRENDS AB BackgroundAccurately measuring blood pressure (BP) requires choosing an appropriate BP cuff size.ObjectivesThis study examined trends in mid-arm circumference (mid-AC) and in the distribution of appropriate BP cuffs using 1999-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.MethodsNHANES uses a complex multistage probability sample design to select participants who are representative of the entire civilian, noninstitutionalized US population. The analytic sample consisted of 21 350 participants aged between 3 and 19 years at the time of examination. The mean mid-AC and the percentage of children requiring recommended BP cuff sizes were analyzed across survey years and by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and age-specific and sex-specific BMI categories.ResultsDuring NHANES 1999-2010, the overall trend in mean mid-AC in cm for boys and girls was not significant. During NHANES 2007-2010, 24% of boys aged between 9 and 11 years, 53% of boys aged between 12 and 15 years, and 89% of boys aged between 16 and 19 years required a standard adult cuff or larger to be cuffed correctly. Corresponding estimates for girls were 22, 48, and 57%, respectively. During NHANES 2007-2010, 30.4% of obese boys and 24.3% of obese girls required a large adult cuff and 2.1% of obese boys and 0.9% of obese girls required a thigh cuff for appropriate cuffing.ConclusionDuring NHANES 2007-2010, 20% of boys and girls as young as 9-11 years required a standard adult cuff to be cuffed appropriately. In addition, approximately one-third of obese participants required adult large BP cuffs to be cuffed appropriately. C1 [Ostchega, Yechiam; Hughes, Jeffery P.; Nwankwo, Tatiana; Chiappa, Michele M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Zhang, Guangyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Res & Methodol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Prineas, Ronald J.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Ostchega, Y (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, NHANES Program, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 4319, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM yxo1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1359-5237 EI 1473-5725 J9 BLOOD PRESS MONIT JI Blood Press. Monit. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 19 IS 1 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1097/MBP.0000000000000008 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AA1UC UT WOS:000330880200005 PM 24247363 ER PT J AU Pratt, M Norris, J Lobelo, F Roux, L Wang, GJ AF Pratt, Michael Norris, Jeffrey Lobelo, Felipe Roux, Larissa Wang, Guijing TI The cost of physical inactivity: moving into the 21st century SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH-CARE COSTS; ECONOMIC BURDEN; LIFE-STYLE; OBESITY; CANADA; POLICY C1 [Pratt, Michael; Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Global Hlth Promot Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Norris, Jeffrey] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Roux, Larissa] Univ Calgary, Hlth Econ Program, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Wang, Guijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Pratt, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Global Hlth Promot Off, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-40, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mpratt@cdc.gov OI Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193 FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research NR 30 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 8 U2 33 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0306-3674 EI 1473-0480 J9 BRIT J SPORT MED JI Br. J. Sports Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091810 PG 3 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AA5IE UT WOS:000331128500004 PM 23134760 ER PT J AU Zhao, GX Li, CY Ford, ES Fulton, JE Carlson, SA Okoro, CA Wen, XJ Balluz, LS AF Zhao, Guixiang Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Fulton, Janet E. Carlson, Susan A. Okoro, Catherine A. Wen, Xiao Jun Balluz, Lina S. TI Leisure-time aerobic physical activity, muscle-strengthening activity and mortality risks among US adults: the NHANES linked mortality study SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; MUSCULAR STRENGTH; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; MARATHON RUNNERS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ASSOCIATION; EXERCISE; DISEASE; MEN AB Background Regular physical activity elicits multiple health benefits in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. We examined the mortality risks associated with levels of leisure-time aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity based on the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans among US adults. Methods We analysed data from the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with linked mortality data obtained through 2006. Cox proportional HRs with 95% CIs were estimated to assess risks for all-causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality associated with aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity. Results Of 10 535 participants, 665 died (233 deaths from CVD) during an average of 4.8-year follow-up. Compared with participants who were physically inactive, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 0.64 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.79) among those who were physically active (engaging in >= 150 min/week of the equivalent moderate-intensity physical activity) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.97) among those who were insufficiently active (engaging in >0 to <150 min/week of the equivalent moderate-intensity physical activity). The adjusted HR for CVD mortality was 0.57 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.97) among participants who were insufficiently active and 0.69 (95% CI 0.43 to 1.12) among those who were physically active. Among adults who were insufficiently active, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 44% lower by engaging in muscle-strengthening activity >= 2 times/week. Conclusions Engaging in aerobic physical activity ranging from insufficient activity to meeting the 2008 Guidelines reduces the risk of premature mortality among US adults. Engaging in muscle-strengthening activity >= 2 times/week may provide additional benefits among insufficiently active adults. C1 [Zhao, Guixiang; Li, Chaoyang; Okoro, Catherine A.; Wen, Xiao Jun; Balluz, Lina S.] Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Off Surveillance, Div Behav Surveillance, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Earl S.] Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fulton, Janet E.; Carlson, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhao, GX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 2500 Century Pkwy,Room 3014, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM GZhao@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 14 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0306-3674 EI 1473-0480 J9 BRIT J SPORT MED JI Br. J. Sports Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 244 EP 249 DI 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092731 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AA5IE UT WOS:000331128500017 PM 24096895 ER PT J AU Austin, H Henley, SJ King, J Richardson, LC Eheman, C AF Austin, Harland Henley, S. Jane King, Jessica Richardson, Lisa C. Eheman, Christie TI Changes in colorectal cancer incidence rates in young and older adults in the United States: what does it tell us about screening SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Colorectal; Cancer; Colonoscopy; Incidence; Trends ID METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; RISK AB Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates have increased among young adults and have decreased among older adults. We re-evaluated these trends using more recent data covering about 96 % of the United States population. Colorectal cancer incidence rates were abstracted from the National Program of Cancer Registries and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results analytic files for diagnosis years 1998-2009. We report rates for young adults (age < 50 years) and for older adults (age 50 years or older) by four race/ethnicity groupings. We examined CRC incidence rates by stage at diagnosis, tumor subsite, and state. We calculated the correlation between state-specific CRC incidence and prevalence of colonoscopy reported in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Rectal cancer incidence rates increased from 1998 through 2009 among young non-Hispanic white adults and young blacks. Among older adults, CRC incidence rates decreased among all four race/ethnicity groupings and in all states. The decline was apparent for all stages and for all subsites. States with greater decreases in CRC incidence rates had higher colonoscopy screening rates. Rectal cancer is increasing among younger adults, for reasons largely unknown. Among older adults, CRC incidence continues to decrease, probably because of increasing uptake of colonoscopy screening. Decreases in CRC incidence are correlated with increased use of colonoscopy, indicating that CRC may be largely preventable through colonoscopy screening. Efforts to increase screening rates in underserved populations would help reduce health disparities associated with this type of cancer. C1 [Austin, Harland] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Henley, S. Jane; King, Jessica; Richardson, Lisa C.; Eheman, Christie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Austin, H (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM haustin@emory.edu OI Henley, S Jane/0000-0002-2420-306X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 EI 1573-7225 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD FEB PY 2014 VL 25 IS 2 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s10552-013-0321-y PG 11 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA1IA UT WOS:000330848600006 PM 24249437 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ AF Khoury, Muin J. TI Q&A: Muin Khoury on Cancer Epidemiology SO CANCER DISCOVERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Natl Canc Inst, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 2159-8274 EI 2159-8290 J9 CANCER DISCOV JI Cancer Discov. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 4 IS 2 BP 140 EP 140 DI 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-ND2014-001 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AA4SC UT WOS:000331085400008 PM 24501292 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Li, Y Wilkins, K Karem, KL Davidson, WB Paddock, CD Reynolds, MG Damon, IK AF McCollum, Andrea M. Li, Yu Wilkins, Kimberly Karem, Kevin L. Davidson, Whitni B. Paddock, Christopher D. Reynolds, Mary G. Damon, Inger K. TI Poxvirus Viability and Signatures in Historical Relics SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX; VIRUS; MUMMY; VARIOLA AB Although it has been >30 years since the eradication of smallpox, the unearthing of well-preserved tissue material in which the virus may reside has called into question the viability of variola virus decades or centuries after its original occurrence. Experimental data to address the long-term stability and viability of the virus are limited. There are several instances of well-preserved corpses and tissues that have been examined for poxvirus viability and viral DNA. These historical specimens cause concern for potential exposures, and each situation should be approached cautiously and independently with the available information. Nevertheless, these specimens provide information on the history of a major disease and vaccination against it. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Yu; Wilkins, Kimberly; Karem, Kevin L.; Davidson, Whitni B.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Reynolds, Mary G.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 177 EP 184 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131098 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800001 PM 24447382 ER PT J AU Albarino, CG Foltzer, M Towner, JS Rowe, LA Campbell, S Jaramillo, CM Bird, BH Reeder, DM Vodzak, ME Rota, P Metcalfe, MG Spiropoulou, CF Knust, B Vincent, JP Frace, MA Nichol, ST Rollin, PE Stroher, U AF Albarino, Cesar G. Foltzer, Michael Towner, Jonathan S. Rowe, Lory A. Campbell, Shelley Jaramillo, Carlos M. Bird, Brian H. Reeder, DeeAnn M. Vodzak, Megan E. Rota, Paul Metcalfe, Maureen G. Spiropoulou, Christina F. Knust, Barbara Vincent, Joel P. Frace, Michael A. Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. Stroeher, Ute TI Novel Paramyxovirus Associated with Severe Acute Febrile Disease, South Sudan and Uganda, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; BATS AB In 2012, a female wildlife biologist experienced fever, malaise, headache, generalized myalgia and arthralgia, neck stiffness, and a sore throat shortly after returning to the United States from a 6-week field expedition to South Sudan and Uganda. She was hospitalized, after which a maculopapular rash developed and became confluent. When the patient was discharged from the hospital on day 14, arthralgia and myalgia had improved, oropharynx ulcerations had healed, the rash had resolved without desquamation, and blood counts and hepatic enzyme levels were returning to reference levels. After several known suspect pathogens were ruled out as the cause of her illness, deep sequencing and metagenomics analysis revealed a novel paramyxovirus related to rubula-like viruses isolated from fruit bats. C1 [Albarino, Cesar G.; Towner, Jonathan S.; Rowe, Lory A.; Campbell, Shelley; Bird, Brian H.; Rota, Paul; Metcalfe, Maureen G.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Knust, Barbara; Vincent, Joel P.; Frace, Michael A.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Stroeher, Ute] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Foltzer, Michael; Jaramillo, Carlos M.] Geisinger Med Ctr, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Reeder, DeeAnn M.; Vodzak, Megan E.] Bucknell Univ, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Stroher, U (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ixy8@cdc.gov OI Reeder, DeeAnn/0000-0001-8651-2012 NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131620 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800005 PM 24447466 ER PT J AU Li, N Xiao, LH Alderisio, K Elwin, K Cebelinski, E Chalmers, R Santin, M Fayer, R Kvac, M Ryan, U Sak, B Stanko, M Guo, YQ Wang, L Zhang, LX Cai, JZ Roellig, D Feng, YY AF Li, Na Xiao, Lihua Alderisio, Keri Elwin, Kristin Cebelinski, Elizabeth Chalmers, Rachel Santin, Monica Fayer, Ronald Kvac, Martin Ryan, Una Sak, Bohumil Stanko, Michal Guo, Yaqiong Wang, Lin Zhang, Longxian Cai, Jinzhong Roellig, Dawn Feng, Yaoyu TI Subtyping Cryptosporidium ubiquitum, a Zoonotic Pathogen Emerging in Humans SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK; CERVINE GENOTYPE; SOURCE TRACKING; SMALL MAMMALS; SPP.; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; CHILDREN; PARVUM; TRANSMISSION AB Cryptosporidium ubiquitum is an emerging zoonotic pathogen. In the past, it was not possible to identify an association between cases of human and animal infection. We conducted a genomic survey of the species, developed a subtyping tool targeting the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene, and identified 6 subtype families (XIIa-XIIf) of C. ubiquitum. Host adaptation was apparent at the gp60 locus; subtype XIIa was found in ruminants worldwide, subtype families XIIb-XIId were found in rodents in the United States, and XIIe and XIIf were found in rodents in the Slovak Republic. Humans in the United States were infected with isolates of subtypes XIIb-XIId, whereas those in other areas were infected primarily with subtype XIIa isolates. In addition, subtype families XIIb and XIId were detected in drinking source water in the United States. Contact with C. ubiquitum-infected sheep and drinking water contaminated by infected wildlife could be sources of human infections. C1 [Li, Na; Guo, Yaqiong; Wang, Lin; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Li, Na; Xiao, Lihua; Guo, Yaqiong; Roellig, Dawn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alderisio, Keri] New York City Dept Environm Protect, Flushing, NY USA. [Elwin, Kristin; Chalmers, Rachel] UK Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Cebelinski, Elizabeth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kvac, Martin; Sak, Bohumil] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Ryan, Una] Murdoch Univ, Perth, WA, Australia. [Stanko, Michal] Slovak Acad Sci, Kosice, Slovakia. [Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Cai, Jinzhong] Qinghai Acad Vet Med & Anim Sci, Xining, Peoples R China. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Kvac, Martin/G-7299-2014; Sak, Bohumil/G-9262-2014; Yaqiong, Guo/N-4927-2015 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Kvac, Martin/0000-0003-0013-6090; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31229005, 31110103901, 31302078]; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou, China; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [LH11061] FX This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31229005, 31110103901, and 31302078); Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou, China; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (no. LH11061). NR 29 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 23 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.3201/eid2002.121797 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800006 PM 24447504 ER PT J AU Knust, B Stroher, U Edison, L Albarino, CG Lovejoy, J Armeanu, E House, J Cory, D Horton, C Fowler, KL Austin, J Poe, J Humbaugh, KE Guerrero, L Campbell, S Gibbons, A Reed, Z Cannon, D Manning, C Petersen, B Metcalf, D Marsh, B Nichol, ST Rollin, PE AF Knust, Barbara Stroeher, Ute Edison, Laura Albarino, Cesar G. Lovejoy, Jodi Armeanu, Emilian House, Jennifer Cory, Denise Horton, Clayton Fowler, Kathy L. Austin, Jessica Poe, John Humbaugh, Kraig E. Guerrero, Lisa Campbell, Shelley Gibbons, Aridth Reed, Zachary Cannon, Deborah Manning, Craig Petersen, Brett Metcalf, Douglas Marsh, Bret Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus in Employees and Mice at Multipremises Feeder-Rodent Operation, United States, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WILD HOUSE MICE; ORGAN-TRANSPLANTATION; PET HAMSTERS; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; PERSONNEL AB We investigated the extent of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in employees and rodents at 3 commercial breeding facilities. Of 97 employees tested, 31(32%) had IgM and/or IgG to LCMV, and aseptic meningitis was diagnosed in 4 employees. Of 1,820 rodents tested in 1 facility, 382 (21%) mice (Mus musculus) had detectable IgG, and 13 (0.7%) were positive by reverse transcription PCR; LCMV was isolated from 8. Rats (Rattus norvegicus) were not found to be infected. S-segment RNA sequence was similar to strains previously isolated in North America. Contact by wild Mice with colony mice Was the likely source for LCMV, and shipments of infected mice among facilities spread the infection. The breeding colonies were depopulated to prevent further human infections. Future outbreaks can be prevented with monitoring and management, and employees should be made aware of LCMV risks and prevention. C1 [Knust, Barbara; Stroeher, Ute; Edison, Laura; Albarino, Cesar G.; Guerrero, Lisa; Campbell, Shelley; Gibbons, Aridth; Reed, Zachary; Cannon, Deborah; Manning, Craig; Petersen, Brett; Nichol, Stuart T.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edison, Laura] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lovejoy, Jodi; Metcalf, Douglas; Marsh, Bret] Indiana Board Anim Hlth, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Armeanu, Emilian] Deaconess Hosp, Evansville, IN USA. [House, Jennifer] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Cory, Denise] Vanderburgh Cty Hlth Dept, Evansville, IN USA. [Horton, Clayton; Austin, Jessica] Green River Dist Hlth Dept, Owensboro, KY USA. [Fowler, Kathy L.; Poe, John; Humbaugh, Kraig E.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. RP Knust, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bknust@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 240 EP 247 DI 10.3201/eid2002.130860 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800009 PM 24447605 ER PT J AU Mikosz, CA Smith, RM Kim, M Tyson, C Lee, EH Adams, E Straif-Bourgeois, S Sowadsky, R Arroyo, S Grant-Greene, Y Duran, J Vasquez, Y Robinson, BF Harris, JR Lockhart, SR Torok, TJ Mascola, L Park, BJ AF Mikosz, Christina A. Smith, Rachel M. Kim, Moon Tyson, Clara Lee, Ellen H. Adams, Eleanor Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne Sowadsky, Rick Arroyo, Shannon Grant-Greene, Yoran Duran, Julie Vasquez, Yvonne Robinson, Byron F. Harris, Julie R. Lockhart, Shawn R. Toeroek, Thomas J. Mascola, Laurene Park, Benjamin J. CA Fungal Endophthalmitis Outbreak TI Fungal Endophthalmitis Associated with Compounded Products SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTACT-LENS SOLUTION; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; FUSARIUM KERATITIS; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES; UNITED-STATES; FEATURES AB Fungal endophthalmitis is a rare but serious infection. In March 2012, several cases of probable and laboratory-confirmed fungal endophthalmitis occurring after invasive ocular procedures were reported nationwide. We identified 47 cases in 9 states: 21 patients had been exposed to the intraocular dye Brilliant Blue G (BBG) during retinal surgery, and the other 26 had received an intravitreal injection containing triamcinolone acetonide. Both drugs were produced by Franck's Compounding Lab (Ocala, FL, USA). Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex mold was identified in specimens from BBG-exposed case-patients and an unopened BBG vial. Bipolaris hawaiiensis mold was identified in specimens from triamcinolone-exposed case-patients. Exposure to either product was the only factor associated with case status. Of 40 case-patients for whom data were available, 39 (98%) lost vision. These concurrent outbreaks, associated with 1 compounding pharmacy, resulted in a product recall. Ensuring safety and integrity of compounded medications is critical for preventing further outbreaks associated with compounded products. C1 [Mikosz, Christina A.; Smith, Rachel M.; Grant-Greene, Yoran; Robinson, Byron F.; Harris, Julie R.; Lockhart, Shawn R.; Toeroek, Thomas J.; Park, Benjamin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mikosz, Christina A.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Acute Communicable Dis Control Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kim, Moon; Tyson, Clara; Mascola, Laurene] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Lee, Ellen H.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Adams, Eleanor] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne] Louisiana Off Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. [Sowadsky, Rick] Nevada Div Publ & Behav Hlth, Carson City, NV USA. [Arroyo, Shannon] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Grant-Greene, Yoran] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Duran, Julie] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Vasquez, Yvonne] City El Paso Dept Publ Hlth, El Paso, TX USA. RP Park, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bpark1@cdc.gov FU US Department of Health and Human Services FX All funding and material support for this work were provided by the US Department of Health and Human Services and state and local health departments. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 248 EP 256 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131257 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800010 PM 24447640 ER PT J AU Razuri, H Tokarz, R Ghersi, BM Salmon-Mulanovich, G Guezala, MC Albujar, C Mendoza, AP Tinoco, YO Cruz, C Silva, M Vasquez, A Pacheco, V Stroher, U Guerrero, LW Cannon, D Nichol, ST Hirschberg, DL Lipkin, WI Bausch, DG Montgomery, JM AF Razuri, Hugo Tokarz, Rafal Ghersi, Bruno M. Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela Guezala, M. Claudia Albujar, Christian Mendoza, A. Patricia Tinoco, Yeny O. Cruz, Christopher Silva, Maria Vasquez, Alicia Pacheco, Victor Stroeher, Ute Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton Cannon, Deborah Nichol, Stuart T. Hirschberg, David L. Lipkin, W. Ian Bausch, Daniel G. Montgomery, Joel M. TI Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY SYNDROME; CENTRAL BOLIVIA; INFECTION; HPS AB We investigated hantaviruses in rodents in the southern Amazon Basin of Peru and identified an Andes virus variant from Neacomys spinosus mice. This finding extends the known range of this virus in South America and the range of recognized hantaviruses in Peru. Further studies of the epizoology of hantaviruses in this region are warranted. C1 [Razuri, Hugo; Ghersi, Bruno M.; Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M. Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A. Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny O.; Cruz, Christopher; Silva, Maria; Bausch, Daniel G.; Montgomery, Joel M.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Tokarz, Rafal; Hirschberg, David L.; Lipkin, W. Ian] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Victor] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Lima, Peru. [Stroeher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bausch, Daniel G.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Razuri, H (reprint author), McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Royal Victoria Hosp Campus,687 Pine Ave West, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. EM hugo.razuri@clinepi.mcgill.ca OI Pacheco, Victor/0000-0002-1005-135X FU Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System [847705 82000 25GB B0016]; National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; United States Agency for International Development; PREDICT project; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This project was supported by awards to United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 from the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (work unit no. 847705 82000 25GB B0016) and to Columbia University from the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the United States Agency for International Development, the PREDICT project, and Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 257 EP 260 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131418 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800011 PM 24447689 ER PT J AU Plante, JA Burkhalter, KL Mann, BR Godsey, MS Mutebi, JP Beasley, DWC AF Plante, Jessica A. Burkhalter, Kristen L. Mann, Brian R. Godsey, Marvin S., Jr. Mutebi, John-Paul Beasley, David W. C. TI Co-circulation of West Nile Virus Variants, Arizona, USA, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-EUROPE; UNITED-STATES; DOMAIN-III; LINEAGE 2; EVOLUTION; OUTBREAK; STRAINS AB Molecular analysis of West Nile virus (WNV) isolates obtained during a 2010 outbreak in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, demonstrated co-circulation of 3 distinct genetic variants, including strains with novel envelope protein mutations. These results highlight the continuing evolution of WNV in North America and the current complexity of WNV dispersal and transmission. C1 [Plante, Jessica A.; Mann, Brian R.; Beasley, David W. C.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Godsey, Marvin S., Jr.; Mutebi, John-Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Beasley, DWC (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM d.beasley@utmb.edu FU Institute for Human Infections and Immunity at the University of Texas Medical Branch; Sealy Center for Vaccine Development; Biodefense Training Program (National Institutes of Health) [T32-AI060549] FX This study was supported in part by funding to D.W.C.B. from the Institute for Human Infections and Immunity at the University of Texas Medical Branch. J.A.P. was supported by fellowships from the Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and the Biodefense Training Program (National Institutes of Health grant T32-AI060549). NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 272 EP 275 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131008 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800015 PM 24447818 ER PT J AU Griffith, J Blaney, D Shadomy, S Lehman, M Pesik, N Tostenson, S Delaney, L Tiller, R DeVries, A Gomez, T Sullivan, M Blackmore, C Stanek, D Lynfield, R AF Griffith, Jayne Blaney, David Shadomy, Sean Lehman, Mark Pesik, Nicki Tostenson, Samantha Delaney, Lisa Tiller, Rebekah DeVries, Aaron Gomez, Thomas Sullivan, Maureen Blackmore, Carina Stanek, Danielle Lynfield, Ruth CA Anthrax Invest Team TI Investigation of Inhalation Anthrax Case, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS AB Inhalation anthrax occurred in a man who vacationed in 4 US states where anthrax is enzootic. Despite an extensive multi-agency investigation, the specific source was not detected, and no additional related human or animal cases were found. Although rare, inhalation anthrax can occur naturally in the United States. C1 [Griffith, Jayne; Tostenson, Samantha; DeVries, Aaron; Sullivan, Maureen; Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Blaney, David; Shadomy, Sean; Lehman, Mark; Pesik, Nicki; Delaney, Lisa; Tiller, Rebekah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gomez, Thomas] USDA, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blackmore, Carina; Stanek, Danielle] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Griffith, J (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 Robert St North,POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM jayne.griffith@state.mn.us NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 280 EP 283 DI 10.3201/eid2002.130021 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800017 PM 24447835 ER PT J AU Papa, A Sidira, P Larichev, V Gavrilova, L Kuzmina, K Mousavi-Jazi, M Mirazimi, A Stroher, U Nichol, S AF Papa, Anna Sidira, Persefoni Larichev, Victor Gavrilova, Ludmila Kuzmina, Ksenia Mousavi-Jazi, Mehrdad Mirazimi, Ali Stroeher, Ute Nichol, Stuart TI Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Greece SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is high in some regions of Greece, but only 1 case of disease has been reported. We used 4 methods to test 118 serum samples that were positive for CCHFV IgG by commercial ELISA and confirmed the positive results. A nonpathogenic or low-pathogenicity strain may be circulating. C1 [Papa, Anna; Sidira, Persefoni] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Med, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Larichev, Victor; Gavrilova, Ludmila; Kuzmina, Ksenia] DI Ivanovskii Inst Virol, Moscow, Russia. [Mousavi-Jazi, Mehrdad; Mirazimi, Ali] Swedish Inst Communicable Dis Control, Stockholm, Sweden. [Mirazimi, Ali] Natl Vet Inst, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Mirazimi, Ali] Linkoping Univ, Inst Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden. [Stroeher, Ute; Nichol, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Papa, A (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Microbiol, Sch Med, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. EM annap@med.auth.gr FU European Commission [260427] FX This work is part of the CCH fever network (Collaborative Project), supported by the European Commission under the Health Cooperation Work Program of the 7th Framework Program (grant agreement no. 260427). NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 288 EP 290 DI 10.3201/eid2002.130690 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800019 PM 24447877 ER PT J AU Edison, L Knust, B Petersen, B Gabel, J Manning, C Drenzek, C Stroher, U Rollin, PE Thoroughman, D Nichol, ST AF Edison, Laura Knust, Barbara Petersen, Bret Gabel, Julie Manning, Craig Drenzek, Cherie Stroeher, Ute Rollin, Pierre E. Thoroughman, Douglas Nichol, Stuart T. CA Multistate LCMV Outbreak Working TI Trace-Forward Investigation of Mice in Response to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Outbreak SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION AB During follow-up of a 2012 US outbreak of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), we conducted a trace-forward investigation. LCMV-infected feeder mice originating from a US rodent breeding facility had been distributed to >500 locations in 21 states. All mice from the facility were euthanized, and no additional persons tested positive for LCMV infection. C1 [Edison, Laura; Knust, Barbara; Petersen, Bret; Manning, Craig; Stroeher, Ute; Rollin, Pierre E.; Thoroughman, Douglas; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Edison, Laura; Gabel, Julie; Drenzek, Cherie] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Thoroughman, Douglas] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. RP Edison, L (reprint author), Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Acute Dis Epidemiol Sect, 2 Peachtree St NW Suite 14-232, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM kgq2@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.3201/eid2002.130861 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800020 PM 24447898 ER PT J AU Zehnder, AM Hawkins, MG Koski, MA Lifland, B Byrne, BA Swanson, AA Rood, MP Gee, JE Elrod, MG Beesley, CA Blaney, DD Ventura, J Hoffmaster, AR Beeler, ES AF Zehnder, Ashley M. Hawkins, Michelle G. Koski, Marilyn A. Lifland, Barry Byrne, Barbara A. Swanson, Alexandra A. Rood, Michael P. Gee, Jay E. Elrod, Mindy Glass Beesley, Cari A. Blaney, David D. Ventura, Jean Hoffmaster, Alex R. Beeler, Emily S. TI Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolates in 2 Pet Iguanas, California, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; MELIOIDOSIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, was isolated from abscesses of 2 pet green iguanas in California, USA. The international trade in iguanas may contribute to importation of this pathogen into countries where it is not endemic and put persons exposed to these animals at risk for infection. C1 [Zehnder, Ashley M.; Hawkins, Michelle G.; Koski, Marilyn A.; Byrne, Barbara A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zehnder, Ashley M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Epithelial Biol Dept, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lifland, Barry] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Swanson, Alexandra A.; Rood, Michael P.; Beeler, Emily S.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gee, Jay E.; Elrod, Mindy Glass; Beesley, Cari A.; Blaney, David D.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ventura, Jean] Sacramento Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Gee, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xzg4@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust FX This publication made use of the multilocus sequence typing website (http://www.mlst.net) at Imperial College London developed by David Aanensen and funded by the Wellcome Trust. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 304 EP 306 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131314 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800023 PM 24447394 ER PT J AU Pitts, SI Wallace, GS Montana, B Handschur, EF Meislich, D Sampson, AC Canuso, S Horner, J Barskey, AE Abernathy, ES Icenogle, JR AF Pitts, Samantha I. Wallace, Gregory S. Montana, Barbara Handschur, Elizabeth F. Meislich, Debrah Sampson, Alethia C. Canuso, Suzanne Horner, Jennifer Barskey, Albert E. Abernathy, Emily S. Icenogle, Joseph R. TI Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Child of Woman without Known Risk Factors, New Jersey, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB We report a case of congenital rubella syndrome in a child born to a vaccinated New Jersey woman who had not traveled internationally. Although rubella and congenital rubella syndrome have been eliminated from the United States, clinicians should remain vigilant and immediately notify public health authorities when either is suspected. C1 [Pitts, Samantha I.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Pitts, Samantha I.; Montana, Barbara; Handschur, Elizabeth F.; Canuso, Suzanne] New Jersey State Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. [Pitts, Samantha I.] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wallace, Gregory S.; Barskey, Albert E.; Abernathy, Emily S.; Icenogle, Joseph R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meislich, Debrah] Rowan Univ, Cooper Med Sch, Camden, NJ USA. [Sampson, Alethia C.; Horner, Jennifer] Burlington Cty Hlth Dept, Westampton, NJ USA. RP Pitts, SI (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 2024 E Monument St,Suite 2-602, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM spitts4@jhmi.edu FU CDC [5U38HM000414-5]; Ruth L. Kirschstein National Service Award [T32HP10025] FX This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and funded by CDC's Cooperative Agreement No. 5U38HM000414-5. SIP is currently supported through Ruth L. Kirschstein National Service Award, grant #T32HP10025. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 307 EP 309 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131233 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800024 PM 24447409 ER PT J AU Sprenkle, MD Griffith, J Marinelli, W Boyer, AE Quinn, CP Pesik, NT Hoffmaster, A Keenan, J Juni, BA Blaney, DD AF Sprenkle, Mark D. Griffith, Jayne Marinelli, William Boyer, Anne E. Quinn, Conrad P. Pesik, Nicki T. Hoffmaster, Alex Keenan, Joseph Juni, Billie A. Blaney, David D. TI Lethal Factor and Anti-Protective Antigen IgG Levels Associated with Inhalation Anthrax, Minnesota, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Bacillus anthracis was identified in a 61-year-old man hospitalized in Minnesota, USA. Cooperation between the hospital and the state health agency enhanced prompt identification of the pathogen. Treatment comprising antimicrobial drugs, anthrax immune globulin, and pleural drainage led to full recovery; however, the role of passive immunization in anthrax treatment requires further evaluation. C1 [Sprenkle, Mark D.; Marinelli, William] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Griffith, Jayne; Juni, Billie A.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Boyer, Anne E.; Quinn, Conrad P.; Pesik, Nicki T.; Hoffmaster, Alex; Blaney, David D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Keenan, Joseph] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Sprenkle, MD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, 701 Pk Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. EM spren005@umn.edu NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 310 EP 314 DI 10.3201/eid2002.130245 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800025 PM 24447456 ER PT J AU Belay, ED Monroe, SS AF Belay, Ermias D. Monroe, Stephan S. TI Low-Incidence, High-Consequence Pathogens SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID MARBURG HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN MONKEYPOX; HUMAN RABIES; ANTHRAX; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE; EBOLA; CHINA C1 [Belay, Ermias D.; Monroe, Stephan S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Belay, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebelay@cdc.gov OI Monroe, Stephan/0000-0002-5424-716X NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 28 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 319 EP 321 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131748 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800027 PM 24596949 ER PT J AU Nasci, RS Brault, AC Lambert, AJ Savage, HM AF Nasci, Roger S. Brault, Aaron C. Lambert, Amy J. Savage, Harry M. TI Novel Bunyavirus in Domestic and Captive Farmed Animals, Minnesota, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Nasci, Roger S.; Brault, Aaron C.; Lambert, Amy J.; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Nasci, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM RNasci@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 337 EP 337 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131360 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800037 PM 24447797 ER PT J AU Conrad, JL AF Conrad, J. Lyle TI Deadly Outbreaks: How Medical Detectives Save Lives Threatened by Killer Pandemics, Exotic Viruses, and Drug-Resistant Parasites SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Conrad, J. Lyle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Conrad, JL (reprint author), 1069 Burton Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jconrad@bellsouth.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 343 EP 343 DI 10.3201/eid2002.131476 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800041 ER PT J AU Bloom, S Levitt, AM AF Bloom, Sharon Levitt, Alexandra M. TI Seeing Things Differently SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bloom, Sharon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Levitt, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, New York, NY USA. RP Bloom, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbloom@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 344 EP 345 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 301TA UT WOS:000330553800042 PM 24447866 ER PT J AU Lu, ML Waters, TR Krieg, E Werren, D AF Lu, Ming-Lun Waters, Thomas R. Krieg, Edward Werren, Dwight TI Efficacy of the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation to Predict Risk of Low-Back Pain Associated With Manual Lifting: A One-Year Prospective Study SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE Revised NIOSH lifting equation; lifting index; manual lifting; low-back pain; prospective study; job strain ID MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; WORK; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE; INDUSTRY; INJURY; TRUNK; DISCOMFORT; ROTATION; MOTION AB Objective: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting equation (RNLE) to predict risk of low-back pain (LBP). Background: In 1993, NIOSH published the RNLE as a risk assessment method for LBP associated with manual lifting. To date, there has been little research evaluating the RNLE as a predictor of the risk of LBP using a prospective design. Methods: A total of 78 healthy industrial workers' baseline LBP risk exposures and self-reported LBP at one-year follow-up were investigated. The composite lifting index (CLI), the outcome measure of the RNLE for analyzing multiple lifting tasks, was used as the main risk predictor. The risk was estimated using the mean and maximum CLI variables at baseline and self-reported LBP during the follow-up. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a logistic regression analysis adjusted for covariates that included personal factors, physical activities outside of work, job factors, and work-related psychosocial characteristics. Results: The one-year self-reported LBP incidence was 32.1%. After controlling for history of prior LBP, supervisory support, and job strain, the categorical mean and maximum CLI above 2 had a significant relationship (OR = 5.1-6.5) with self-reported LBP, as compared with the CLI below or equal to 1. The correlation between the continuous CLI variables and LBP was unclear. Conclusions: The CLI > 2 threshold may be useful for predicting self-reported LBP. Research with a larger sample size is needed to clarify the exposure-response relationship between the CLI and LBP. C1 [Lu, Ming-Lun; Waters, Thomas R.; Werren, Dwight] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Krieg, Edward] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Lu, ML (reprint author), NIOSH, Taft Labs, 4676 Columbia Pkwy MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mlu@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2014 VL 56 IS 1 SI SI BP 73 EP 85 DI 10.1177/0018720813513608 PG 13 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA AA5MO UT WOS:000331143800006 PM 24669544 ER PT J AU Meyers, AR Gerr, F Fethke, NB AF Meyers, Alysha R. Gerr, Fredric Fethke, Nathan B. TI Evaluation of Alternate Category Structures for the Strain Index: An Empirical Analysis SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; cohort study; ergonomics; musculoskeletal symptoms; Strain Index ID HAND ACTIVITY; RISK; DISORDERS; VALIDITY; LEVEL; JOBS AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop alternative Strain Index risk classification categories. Background: Strain Index scores are usually categorized into four Strain Index risk categories. The original risk categories were developed in the meat-packing industry and may not be fully applicable to other industries. Method: Daily Strain Index scores were estimated among 276 manufacturing workers participating in a cohort study of occupational risk factors for hand-arm musculoskeletal symptoms. Each score was categorized using the original method and a new method based on quartiles of Strain Index score values among symptomatic participants. Models examining associations between original Strain Index risk categories and incident hand-arm symptoms were compared to models examining associations between the alternative Strain Index risk categories and incident hand-arm symptoms. Results: Compared to the respective referent categories, a twofold or greater increase in the risk of incident hand-arm symptoms was observed for the highest original Strain Index risk category (HR = 2.06, 95% CI = [1.08-3.92]) and for the second highest alternate Strain Index risk exposure category (HR = 2.21, 95% CI = [1.26-3.85]). Although significant associations between Strain Index risk category and incident hand-arm symptoms were observed for both Strain Index categorization methods, model fit statistics favored the alternate approach. Conclusion: Results from this study suggests that the Strain Index risk category structure may need to be tailored to specific populations. Application: If verified, results from this study provide a better way to identify hazardous manufacturing jobs and target them for exposure reduction. C1 [Meyers, Alysha R.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Gerr, Fredric; Fethke, Nathan B.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Meyers, AR (reprint author), NIOSH, Ind Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ARMeyers@cdc.gov OI Meyers, Alysha/0000-0002-6402-0145 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant for Public Health Research Dissertation [R36 OH009486-01]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cooperative Agreement [1U01OH0007945-01] FX This study was funded by a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant for Public Health Research Dissertation, R36 OH009486-01, and by a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cooperative Agreement, 1U01OH0007945-01. This study would not have been possible without the 387 manufacturing workers who participated in the Iowa Consortium Study and an excellent research team. In particular we would like to acknowledge Linda Merlino, Steven Hanson, and Samantha Hench. Additional thanks to University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee faculty Arun Garg and Jay Kappelusch for the full day of training and for sharing the visual basic macro code for calculation of multitask SI scores. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2014 VL 56 IS 1 SI SI BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1177/0018720813492548 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA AA5MO UT WOS:000331143800010 PM 24669548 ER PT J AU Waters, TR MacDonald, LA Hudock, SD Goddard, DE AF Waters, Thomas R. MacDonald, Leslie A. Hudock, Stephen D. Goddard, Donald E. TI Provisional Recommended Weight Limits for Manual Lifting During Pregnancy SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE manual lifting; occupational hazard; pregnancy; recommendations ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENT LAXITY; LOW-BACK-PAIN; JOINT LAXITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITIES; WORKING HOURS; PELVIC PAIN; TASKS; RISK; PERFORMANCE; EQUATION AB Objective: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Revised Lifting Equation (RNLE) was adapted to derive recommended weight limits (RWLs) for pregnant workers and to develop corresponding guidelines for clinicians. Background: In the past three decades there has been a large increase in the number of women employed outside the home and remaining in the workforce during pregnancy. Practical authoritative guidelines based on accumulated evidence are needed to inform allowable work activity levels for healthy pregnant workers. Method: Empirically based lifting criteria established by NIOSH to reduce the risk of overexertion injuries in the general U.S. working population were evaluated for application to pregnant workers. Our evaluation included an extensive review of the literature linking occupational lifting to maternal and fetal health. Decision logic and supporting literature are presented, along with computational details. Results: Provisional RWLs for pregnant workers were derived from the RNLE, along with guidelines for clinicians. The guidelines advise against pregnant workers lifting below midshin and overhead. Conclusion: Based on our review of the available evidence, we present lifting thresholds that most pregnant workers with uncomplicated pregnancies should be able to perform without increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal health consequences. Except for restrictions involving lifting from the floor and overhead, the provisional guidelines presented are compatible with NIOSH lifting recommendations adopted in the early 1990s for the general working population. Application: Implementation of these provisional guidelines could protect millions of female workers in the workplace from fetal and maternal lifting-related health problems. C1 [Waters, Thomas R.; MacDonald, Leslie A.; Hudock, Stephen D.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Goddard, Donald E.] Army Inst Publ Hlth, USAPHC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Hudock, SD (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sxh5@cdc.gov RI MacDonald, Leslie/D-2201-2014; OI MacDonald, Leslie/0000-0003-3967-534X FU Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio FX We thank Kathy Connick for conducting literature searches, generating EndNote libraries, and addressing our document retrieval needs; Greg Hartle for developing illustrations for this paper; Peter Napolitano, Megan Ryan, and Peter Nielsen for their contributions in the development of the clinical guidelines; and William Marras, John Wu, and John Meyer for valuable input on an earlier draft. This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health nor are they the official policy of the U.S. Army Public Health Command, the Department of the Army, or the Department of Defense. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 18 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 2014 VL 56 IS 1 SI SI BP 203 EP 214 DI 10.1177/0018720813502223 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA AA5MO UT WOS:000331143800016 PM 24669554 ER PT J AU Greenbaum, A Chaves, SS Perez, A Aragon, D Bandyopadhyay, A Bennett, N Fowler, B Hancock, E Lynfield, R McDonald-Hamm, C Reingold, A Ryan, P Schaffner, W Sharangpani, R Spencer, M Thomas, A Yousey-Hindes, K Zansky, S Finelli, L AF Greenbaum, A. Chaves, S. S. Perez, A. Aragon, D. Bandyopadhyay, A. Bennett, N. Fowler, B. Hancock, E. Lynfield, R. McDonald-Hamm, C. Reingold, A. Ryan, P. Schaffner, W. Sharangpani, R. Spencer, M. Thomas, A. Yousey-Hindes, K. Zansky, S. Finelli, L. TI Heavy alcohol use as a risk factor for severe outcomes among adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza, 2005-2012 SO INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Alcohol abuse; Vaccination AB We examined heavy alcohol use as a risk factor for severe influenza (intensive care admission or death) among hospitalized adults. In < 65- and a parts per thousand yen65-year-olds, heavy alcohol use increased disease severity [relative risk (RR) 1.34; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.74, and RR 2.47; 95 % CI: 1.69-3.60, respectively]. Influenza vaccination and early, empiric antiviral treatment should be emphasized in this population. C1 [Greenbaum, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chaves, S. S.; Perez, A.; Finelli, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Aragon, D.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Bandyopadhyay, A.] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Bennett, N.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Bennett, N.] Monroe Cty Hlth Dept, Rochester, NY USA. [Fowler, B.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Hancock, E.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Lynfield, R.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [McDonald-Hamm, C.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Reingold, A.] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Ryan, P.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schaffner, W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Sharangpani, R.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Spencer, M.] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Thomas, A.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Yousey-Hindes, K.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Zansky, S.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. RP Greenbaum, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM agreenbaum@jhmi.edu; bev8@cdc.gov OI Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly/0000-0002-9418-575X; Bandyopadhyay, Ananda/0000-0002-8395-2001 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC-RFA-CK12-1202, 5U38HM000414] FX We are thankful to all the participating state health departments and state public health laboratories from California, Connecticut, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infections Program. The Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (Flu-Surv-NET) is supported by cooperative agreement numbers CDC-RFA-CK12-1202 and 5U38HM000414 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 EI 1439-0973 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD FEB PY 2014 VL 42 IS 1 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1007/s15010-013-0534-8 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AA3CT UT WOS:000330971200022 PM 24243481 ER PT J AU Ku, BK Deye, GJ Turkevich, LA AF Ku, Bon Ki Deye, Gregory J. Turkevich, Leonid A. TI Efficacy of screens in removing long fibers from an aerosol stream - sample preparation technique for toxicology studies SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aerosol; fiber length; glass fiber; nylon mesh screens; vortex shaker ID BIOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS; CARBON-NANOTUBES; FIBROUS MINERALS; PARTICLES; LENGTH; PATHOGENICITY; BEHAVIOR; MOTION; FLOWS; MICE AB Fiber dimension (especially length) and biopersistence are thought to be important variables in determining the pathogenicity of asbestos and other elongate mineral particles. In order to prepare samples of fibers for toxicology studies, it is necessary to develop and evaluate methods for separating fibers by length in the micrometer size range. In this study, we have filtered an aerosol of fibers through nylon screens to investigate whether such screens can efficiently remove the long fibers (L 420 mm, a typical macrophage size) from the aerosol stream. Such a sample, deficient in long fibers, could then be used as the control in a toxicology study to investigate the role of length. A well-dispersed aerosol of glass fibers (a surrogate for asbestos) was generated by vortex shaking a Japan Fibrous Material Research Association (JFMRA) glass fiber powder. Fibers were collected on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter, imaged with phase contrast microscopy (PCM) and lengths were measured. Length distributions of the fibers that penetrated through various screens (10, 20 and 60 mm mesh sizes) were analyzed; additional study was made of fibers that penetrated through double screen and centrally blocked screen configurations. Single screens were not particularly efficient in removing the long fibers; however, the alternative configurations, especially the centrally blocked screen configuration, yielded samples substantially free of the long fibers. C1 [Ku, Bon Ki; Deye, Gregory J.; Turkevich, Leonid A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ku, BK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R3, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM bku@cdc.gov FU NORA program at NIOSH FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Mention of product or company name does not constitute endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. None of the authors has a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. This study was funded by the NORA program at NIOSH. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 26 IS 2 BP 70 EP 83 DI 10.3109/08958378.2013.854851 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AA1IV UT WOS:000330850700002 PM 24417374 ER PT J AU Hoppe, A Fujishiro, K Heaney, CA AF Hoppe, Annekatrin Fujishiro, Kaori Heaney, Catherine A. TI Workplace racial/ethnic similarity, job satisfaction, and lumbar back health among warehouse workers: Asymmetric reactions across racial/ethnic groups SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE asymmetric reactions; diversity; health; job satisfaction; relational demography ID RELATIONAL DEMOGRAPHY; RACIAL COMPOSITION; SELF-ESTEEM; ORGANIZATIONAL ATTACHMENT; OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; SOCIAL IDENTITY; BLACK-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; DIVERSITY AB Racial and ethnic minority employees constitute a significant proportion of the U.S. workforce. The literature on demographic similarity in the workplace suggests that the proportion of co-workers who share the same racial/ethnic background (racial/ethnic similarity) can influence job attitudes and employee well-being and that the reactions to racial/ethnic similarity may differ between the racially dominant and subordinate groups. This study applies status construction theory to examine the extent to which racial/ethnic similarity is associated with job satisfaction and lumbar back health among warehouse employees. We surveyed 361 warehouse workers (204 whites, 94 African-Americans, and 63 Latino workers) in 68 jobs in nine distribution centers in the United States. Multilevel analyses indicate that white and racial/ethnic minority groups react differently to racial/ethnic similarity. For job satisfaction, white employees experience higher job satisfaction when they are highly racially/ethnically similar to their colleagues, whereas Latino employees experience higher job satisfaction when they are racially/ethnically dissimilar to others. As for lumbar back health, among Latino and African-American employees, higher racial/ethnic similarity is associated with better lumbar back health whereas for white employees, the association is the opposite. Across all groups, moderate levels of racial/ethnic similarity were associated with the best lumbar back health. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hoppe, Annekatrin; Heaney, Catherine A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94303 USA. [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hoppe, Annekatrin] Humboldt Univ, Inst Psychol, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Hoppe, A (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Inst Psychol, Rudower Chaussee 18, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. EM annekatrin.hoppe@hu-berlin.de NR 93 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-3796 EI 1099-1379 J9 J ORGAN BEHAV JI J. Organ. Behav. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 35 IS 2 BP 172 EP 193 DI 10.1002/job.1860 PG 22 WC Business; Psychology, Applied; Management SC Business & Economics; Psychology GA AA6DU UT WOS:000331189800002 ER PT J AU Buss, BF Connolly, S AF Buss, Bryan F. Connolly, Susan TI Surveillance of Physician-Diagnosed Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Consistent With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Among Nebraska High School Athletes, 2008-2012 SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL NURSING LA English DT Article DE athlete health; communicable diseases; high school; quantitative research AB Though historically confined to hospital settings, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has received increasing attention in the wider community, particularly among athletes. A 2007-2008 investigation in Nebraska concluded that MRSA skin infections were an emerging problem among the state's student athletes. Statewide surveillance was subsequently conducted during 4 school years (2008-2012) to estimate incidence of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) consistent with MRSA among student athletes. High school athletic officials completed Internet-based surveys following winter and fall sport seasons. Over 3 school years, incidence estimates per 10,000 athletes decreased substantially from 20.9 (2008-2009) to 11.3 (2010-2011) among football players and from 60.8 (2008-2009) to 28.1 (2010-2011) among wrestlers. Following the 2011-2012 sport seasons, however, incidence estimates increased to 16.6 per 10,000 football players and 43.3 per 10,000 wrestlers. School nurses should support school officials to prioritize prevention and control efforts for SSTI, including MRSA. C1 [Buss, Bryan F.; Connolly, Susan] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Epidemiol, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. [Buss, Bryan F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Buss, BF (reprint author), Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 301 Centennial Mall South,Box 95026, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. EM bryan.buss@nebraska.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1059-8405 EI 1546-8364 J9 J SCH NURS JI J. Sch. Nurs. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1177/1059840513491785 PG 7 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA AA0HB UT WOS:000330775100007 PM 23727844 ER PT J AU Depledge, DP Kundu, S Jensen, NJ Gray, ER Jones, M Steinberg, S Gershon, A Kinchington, PR Schmid, DS Balloux, F Nichols, RA Breuer, J AF Depledge, Daniel P. Kundu, Samit Jensen, Nancy J. Gray, Eleanor R. Jones, Meleri Steinberg, Sharon Gershon, Anne Kinchington, Paul R. Schmid, D. Scott Balloux, Francois Nichols, Richard A. Breuer, Judith TI Deep Sequencing of Viral Genomes Provides Insight into the Evolution and Pathogenesis of Varicella Zoster Virus and Its Vaccine in Humans SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE alphaherpesvirus; viral evolution; pathogenesis ID COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCES; KILLER T-CELLS; HERPES-ZOSTER; SKIN-LESIONS; SAFETY PROFILE; OKA VACCINE; STRAIN; GENOTYPES; RECOMBINATION; ATTENUATION AB Immunization with the vOka vaccine prevents varicella (chickenpox) in children and susceptible adults. The vOka vaccine strain comprises a mixture of genotypes and, despite attenuation, causes rashes in small numbers of recipients. Like wildtype virus, the vaccine establishes latency in neuronal tissue and can later reactivate to cause Herpes zoster (shingles). Using hybridization-based methodologies, we have purified and sequenced vOka directly from skin lesions. We show that alleles present in the vaccine can be recovered from the lesions and demonstrate the presence of a severe bottleneck between inoculation and lesion formation. Genotypes in any one lesion appear to be descended from one to three vaccine-genotypes with a low frequency of novel mutations. No single vOka haplotype and no novel mutations are consistently present in rashes, indicating that neither new mutations nor recombination with wild type are critical to the evolution of vOka rashes. Instead, alleles arising from attenuation (i.e., not derived from free-living virus) are present at lower frequencies in rash genotypes. We identify 11 loci at which the ancestral allele is selected for in vOka rash formation and show genotypes in rashes that have reactivated from latency cannot be distinguished from rashes occurring immediately after inoculation. We conclude that the vOka vaccine, although heterogeneous, has not evolved to form rashes through positive selection in the mode of a quasispecies, but rather alleles that were essentially neutral during the vaccine production have been selected against in the human subjects, allowing us to identify key loci for rash formation. C1 [Depledge, Daniel P.; Kundu, Samit; Gray, Eleanor R.; Jones, Meleri; Breuer, Judith] MRC Ctr Med Mol Virol, Div Infect & Immun, London, England. [Jensen, Nancy J.; Schmid, D. Scott] CDC, Natl VZV Reference Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steinberg, Sharon; Gershon, Anne] Columbia Univ, Div Infect Dis, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Kinchington, Paul R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Opthamol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Kinchington, Paul R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Kinchington, Paul R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mol Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Balloux, Francois] UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, London, England. [Nichols, Richard A.] Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. RP Depledge, DP (reprint author), MRC Ctr Med Mol Virol, Div Infect & Immun, London, England. EM d.depledge@ucl.ac.uk OI Nichols, Richard Alan/0000-0002-4801-9312; Breuer, Judith/0000-0001-8246-0534 FU MRC Centre for Molecular Medical Virology [G0900950]; NIHR UCL/UCLH Biomedical Research Centre; EU; MRC [G0900950, G0700814]; National Institutes of Health [NS064022, EY08098]; Research to Prevent Blindness Inc.; The Eye & Ear Institute of Pittsburgh FX The authors thank Darren Marjenberg, Bram Herman, and Emily Leproust (Agilent Technologies) for technical advice relating to the SS Target Enrichment methodology and Becca Asquith (Imperial College) for discussion about epitope prediction. They thank Tony Brooks (UCL Genomics) and Charles Mein (QMUL Genomics) for Illumina sequencing. The authors acknowledge the infrastructure support provided the MRC Centre for Molecular Medical Virology grant G0900950, the NIHR UCL/UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, the EU FP7 PathSeek grant and the use of the UCL Legion High Performance Computing Facility, and associated support services, in the completion of this work. The work was supported by the MRC grant G0700814; the MRC Centre grant G0900950 to D. P. D.; the NIHR UCL/UCLH Biomedical Research centre to S. K. and J.B.; MRC grant G0700814 to M.J.; National Institutes of Health grants NS064022 and EY08098 to P. R. K.; and Research to Prevent Blindness Inc. and The Eye & Ear Institute of Pittsburgh. P. R. K. acknowledges support from Michael B. Yee. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 EI 1537-1719 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 31 IS 2 BP 397 EP 409 DI 10.1093/molbev/mst210 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AA1DQ UT WOS:000330836900014 PM 24162921 ER PT J AU Sundaram, ME Meydani, SN Vandermause, M Shay, DK Coleman, LA AF Sundaram, Maria E. Meydani, Simin Nikbin Vandermause, Mary Shay, David K. Coleman, Laura A. TI Vitamin E, vitamin A, and zinc status are not related to serologic response to influenza vaccine in older adults: an observational prospective cohort study SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Zinc; Immune response; Observational prospective cohort study ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; T-CELLS; MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES; E SUPPLEMENTATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; ASSOCIATION; PLASMA; IMPACT AB It has been hypothesized that micronutrient levels play a role in the immune response to vaccination; however, population-level research on the association between micronutrient levels and immune response to influenza vaccination is needed. In this study, we hypothesized that decreasing levels of nutrients would be associated with decreased hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) responses to influenza vaccination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether serum vitamin A, vitamin E, or zinc levels are associated with influenza vaccine response determined by HAI titer in adults 65 years or older. Participants in this study included 205 community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who resided in Marshfield, WI, USA, from fall 2008 through spring 2009. Participants received trivalent influenza vaccine and donated blood samples before and 21 to 28 days after vaccination. Prevaccination levels of serum retinol, a-tocopherol, and zinc as well as prevaccination and postvaccination HAI titer levels were measured. No participants were vitamin A or vitamin E deficient; 20% had low serum zinc levels (<70 mu g/dL). Continuous variables and categorical quartiles coding for vitamin A, vitamin E, and zinc levels were not related to prevaccination or postvaccination seroprotection or seroconversion for any of the vaccine components (influenza A [H1N1], A [H3N2], or B), after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and prevaccination HAI geometric mean titer. In conclusion, our study population showed no association between variations in levels of serum vitamin A, vitamin E, or zinc and influenza vaccine response as measured by HAI in adults older than 65 years. Thus, associations between micronutrients and other measures of vaccine response, such as cell-mediated immune parameters, should also be explored. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sundaram, Maria E.; Vandermause, Mary; Coleman, Laura A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coleman, Laura A.] Abbott Nutr Res & Dev, Columbus, OH USA. RP Coleman, LA (reprint author), 3300 Stelzer Ave, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. EM laura.coleman@abbott.com OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU MedImmune, LLC.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 U18 IP000183-02] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the work of research coordinators, interviewers, and study managers at Marshfield Clinic as well as reviewers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, without whom this research would not have been possible. S. N. Meydani, M. Vandermause, and D. K. Shay have no conflicts of interest. L.A. Coleman is an employee of Abbott Nutrition; however, at the time this research was completed, L.A. Coleman was an employee of Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation. M.E. Sundaram receives research funding from MedImmune, LLC. This project was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant 5 U18 IP000183-02. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 34 IS 2 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.12.004 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AA2KV UT WOS:000330924400007 PM 24461316 ER PT J AU Lee, HS Park, S Kim, MH AF Lee, Haeng-Shin Park, Sohyun Kim, Mi-Hyun TI Factors associated with low water intake among South Korean adolescents - Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010 SO NUTRITION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Plain water; adolescents; behaviors; demographics; beverages ID SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ENERGY-INTAKE; BODY-WEIGHT; CHILDREN; TRIAL; CONSUMPTION; IMPACT AB Water is essential for life and plain water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages is one approach for decreasing energy intake. Due to limited data on characteristics associated with water intake among Korean adolescents, this study examined associations of demographic and behavioral characteristics with plain water intake by using nationally representative sample of South Korean adolescents. The data (2007-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) for 1,288 high school-aged adolescents (15-18 years) were used. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for factors associated with low water intake (<4 cups/day) and very low water intake (<2.5 cups/day). Nationwide, 38.4% and 19.0% of adolescents reported drinking water <4.0 cups/day and <2.5 cups/day, respectively. The mean plain water intake was 5.7 cups/day for males and 4.1 cups/day for females. Females had significantly higher odds for drinking water <2.5 cups/day (OR = 2.2) than males, whereas adolescents with low milk consumption had significantly lower odds for drinking water <2.5 cups/day (OR = 0.7). Factors significantly associated with a greater odds for drinking water <4 cups/daywere being female (OR = 2.8) and not meeting physical activity recommendations 20 min/day on <3 days/week) (OR = 1.6). Being underweight, overweight, and obese were significantly associated with reduced odds for drinking water <4 cups/day (OR = 0.7, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively). However, intake of soda, coffee drinks, fruits, vegetables, and sodium and eating out were not significantly associated with low or very low water intake. These findings may be used to target intervention efforts to increase plain water intake as part of a healty lifestyle. C1 [Lee, Haeng-Shin] Korea Hlth Ind Dev Inst, Nutr Management Serv & Policy Team, Chungbuk 363700, South Korea. [Park, Sohyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kim, Mi-Hyun] Korea Natl Univ Transportat, Dept Food & Nutr, Chungbuk 368701, South Korea. RP Kim, MH (reprint author), Korea Natl Univ Transportat, Dept Food & Nutr, 61 Daehak Ro, Chungbuk 368701, South Korea. EM mhkim1129@ut.ac.kr NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU KOREAN NUTRITION SOC PI SEOUL PA 804 KST CTR, 635-4 YEOGSAM-SONG KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL, 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1976-1457 EI 2005-6168 J9 NUTR RES PRACT JI Nutr. Res. Pract. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.1.74 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AA0WW UT WOS:000330819100011 PM 24611109 ER PT J AU Marrero, D Pan, Q Barrett-Connor, E de Groot, M Zhang, P Percy, C Florez, H Ackermann, R Montez, M Rubin, RR AF Marrero, D. Pan, Q. Barrett-Connor, E. de Groot, M. Zhang, P. Percy, C. Florez, H. Ackermann, R. Montez, M. Rubin, R. R. CA DPPOS Res Grp TI Impact of diagnosis of diabetes on health-related quality of life among high risk individuals: the Diabetes Prevention Program outcomes study SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Diagnosis of diabetes; Health-related quality of life; Pre-diabetes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Prevention ID OLDER-ADULTS; SF-36; POPULATION; MELLITUS; SCORES; DISEASE; SF-6D; EQ-5D AB The purpose of this study is to assess if diagnosis of type 2 diabetes affected health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among participants in the Diabetes Prevention Program/Diabetes Prevention Program Outcome Study and changes with treatment or diabetes duration. 3,210 participants with pre-diabetes were randomized to metformin (MET), intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS), or placebo (PLB). HRQoL was assessed using the SF-36 including: (1) 8 SF-36 subscales; (2) the physical component (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores; and (3) the SF-6D. The sample was categorized by diabetes free versus diagnosed. For diagnosed subgroup, mean scores in the diabetes-free period, at 6 months, 2, 4 and 6 years post-diagnosis, were compared. PCS and SF-6D scores declined in all participants in all treatment arms (P < .001). MCS scores did not change significantly in any treatment arm regardless of diagnosis. ILS participants reported a greater decrease in PCS scores at 6 months post-diagnosis (P < .001) and a more rapid decline immediately post-diagnosis in SF-6D scores (P = .003) than the MET or PLB arms. ILS participants reported a significant decrease in the social functioning subscale at 6 months (P < .001) and two years (P < .001) post-diagnosis. Participants reported a decline in measures of overall health state (SF-6D) and overall physical HRQoL, whether or not they were diagnosed with diabetes during the study. There was no change in overall mental HRQoL. Participants in the ILS arm with diabetes reported a more significant decline in some HRQoL measures than those in the MET and PLB arms that developed diabetes. C1 [Marrero, D.; de Groot, M.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Marrero, D.; Pan, Q.] George Washington Univ, DPP Coordinating Ctr, Biostat Ctr, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Barrett-Connor, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Zhang, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Percy, C.] Northern Navajo Med Ctr, Shiprock, NM USA. [Florez, H.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami Vahs Grecc, FL USA. [Ackermann, R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Montez, M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Rubin, R. R.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rubin, R. R.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Marrero, D (reprint author), George Washington Univ, DPP Coordinating Ctr, Biostat Ctr, 6110 Execut Blvd,Suite 750, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM dppmail@bsc.gwu.edu RI Uwaifo, Gabriel/M-2361-2016 OI Uwaifo, Gabriel/0000-0002-6962-9304 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health [U01 DK048489]; NIDDK; Indian Health Service; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging; National Eye Institute; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute; Office of Research on Women's Health; National Center for Minority Health and Human Disease; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Diabetes Association; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Parke-Davis; McKesson BioServices Corp.; Matthews Media Group, Inc.; Henry M. Jackson Foundation FX The Research Group gratefully acknowledges the commitment and dedication of the participants of the DPP and DPPOS. During the DPPOS, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health provided funding to the clinical centers and the Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the study, and collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data (U01 DK048489). The Southwestern American Indian Centers were supported directly by the NIDDK, including its Intramural Research Program, and the Indian Health Service. The General Clinical Research Center Program, National Center for Research Resources, and the Department of Veterans Affairs supported data collection at many of the clinical centers. Funding was also provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Aging, the National Eye Institute, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, the Office of Research on Women's Health, the National Center for Minority Health and Human Disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Diabetes Association. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Parke-Davis provided additional funding and material support during the DPP, Lipha (Merck-Sante) provided medication, and LifeScan Inc. donated materials during the DPP and DPPOS. We thank the thousands of volunteers in this program for their devotion to the goal of diabetes prevention. LifeScan Inc., Health O Meter, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc., Merck-Medco Managed Care, Inc., Merck and Co., Nike Sports Marketing, Slim Fast Foods Co., and Quaker Oats Co. donated materials, equipment, or medicines for concomitant conditions. McKesson BioServices Corp., Matthews Media Group, Inc., and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation provided support services under subcontract with the Coordinating Center. The opinions expressed are those of the investigators and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 EI 1573-2649 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 23 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1007/s11136-013-0436-3 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA1BL UT WOS:000330831100010 PM 23709097 ER PT J AU Pfaller, MA Espinel-Ingroff, A Bustamante, B Canton, E Diekema, DJ Fothergill, A Fuller, J Gonzalez, GM Guarro, J Lass-Florl, C Lockhart, SR Martin-Mazuelos, E Meis, JF Ostrosky-Zeichner, L Pelaez, T St-Germain, G Turnidge, J AF Pfaller, M. A. Espinel-Ingroff, A. Bustamante, B. Canton, E. Diekema, D. J. Fothergill, A. Fuller, J. Gonzalez, G. M. Guarro, J. Lass-Floerl, C. Lockhart, S. R. Martin-Mazuelos, E. Meis, J. F. Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. Pelaez, T. St-Germain, G. Turnidge, J. TI Multicenter Study of Anidulafungin and Micafungin MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Eight Candida Species and the CLSI M27-A3 Broth Microdilution Method SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ESCMID-ASTERISK GUIDELINE; STATISTICAL-METHODS; SPP.; ECHINOCANDINS; CASPOFUNGIN; BREAKPOINTS; MANAGEMENT; SURVEILLANCE; ASPERGILLUS; POPULATION AB Since epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) using CLSI MICs from multiple laboratories are not available for Candida spp. and the echinocandins, we established ECVs for anidulafungin and micafungin on the basis of wild-type (WT) MIC distributions (for organisms in a species-drug combination with no detectable acquired resistance mechanisms) for 8,210 Candida albicans, 3,102 C. glabrata, 3,976 C. parapsilosis, 2,042 C. tropicalis, 617 C. krusei, 258 C. lusitaniae, 234 C. guilliermondii, and 131 C. dubliniensis isolates. CLSI broth microdilution MIC data gathered from 15 different laboratories in Canada, Europe, Mexico, Peru, and the United States were aggregated to statistically define ECVs. ECVs encompassing 97.5% of the statistically modeled population for anidulafungin and micafungin were, respectively, 0.12 and 0.03 mu g/ml for C. albicans, 0.12 and 0.03 mu g/ml for C. glabrata, 8 and 4 mu g/ml for C. parapsilosis, 0.12 and 0.06 mu g/ml for C. tropicalis, 0.25 and 0.25 mu g/ml for C. krusei, 1 and 0.5 mu g/ml for C. lusitaniae, 8 and 2 mu g/ml for C. guilliermondii, and 0.12 and 0.12 mu g/ml for C. dubliniensis. Previously reported single and multicenter ECVs defined in the present study were quite similar or within 1 2-fold dilution of each other. For a collection of 230 WT isolates (no fks mutations) and 51 isolates with fks mutations, the species-specific ECVs for anidulafungin and micafungin correctly classified 47 (92.2%) and 51 (100%) of the fks mutants, respectively, as non-WT strains. These ECVs may aid in detecting non-WT isolates with reduced susceptibility to anidulafungin and micafungin due to fks mutations. C1 [Pfaller, M. A.] JMI Labs, North Liberty, IA USA. [Pfaller, M. A.; Diekema, D. J.] Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Espinel-Ingroff, A.] VCU Med Ctr, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. [Bustamante, B.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander Von Humboldt, Lima, Peru. [Canton, E.] Hosp Univ La Fe, Ctr Invest, Unidad Microbiol Expt, Valencia, Spain. [Fothergill, A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Fuller, J.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Gonzalez, G. M.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Guarro, J.] URV, IISPV, Fac Med, Reus, Spain. [Lass-Floerl, C.] Med Univ Innsbruck, Div Hyg & Med Microbiol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Lockhart, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin-Mazuelos, E.] Hosp Univ Valme, Seville, Spain. [Meis, J. F.] Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Martin-Mazuelos, E.] Catholic Univ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Pelaez, T.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain. [St-Germain, G.] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Lab Sante Publ Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Turnidge, J.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Espinel-Ingroff, A (reprint author), VCU Med Ctr, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. EM avingrof@vcu.edu OI Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724; Martin Mazuelos, Estrella/0000-0003-2632-2246 FU Astellas; Basilea; Merck; Gilead; Pfizer FX J.F.M. received grants from Astellas, Basilea, and Merck not related to this study. He has been a consultant to Basilea and Merck and received speaker's fees from Merck and Gilead. L.O.-Z. has received research grants and speaking and consulting fees from Astellas, Merck, and Pfizer. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 916 EP 922 DI 10.1128/AAC.02020-13 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 302XD UT WOS:000330637500036 PM 24277027 ER PT J AU Mainous, AG Wright, RU Hulihan, MM Twal, WO McLaren, CE Diaz, VA McLaren, GD Argraves, WS Grant, AM AF Mainous, Arch G., III Wright, Robert U. Hulihan, Mary M. Twal, Waleed O. McLaren, Christine E. Diaz, Vanessa A. McLaren, Gordon D. Argraves, W. Scott Grant, Althea M. TI Elevated transferrin saturation, health-related quality of life and telomere length SO BIOMETALS LA English DT Article DE Iron; Telomere length; Quality of life; Functional status; Health status ID BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; BODY IRON STORES; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MORTALITY; POPULATION; RISK; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE; CANCER AB We sought to examine the relationship between elevated transferrin saturation (TS) and measures of health status (telomere length and patient-reported health-related quality of life) to assess whether elevated TS is associated with negative patient outcomes beyond increased risk for morbidity and mortality, using a cross-sectional analysis of the Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening Study supplemented with assays for leukocyte telomere length in adults a parts per thousand yen25 years old (n = 669). Among individuals with elevated TS (a parts per thousand yen45 % for women and a parts per thousand yen50 % for men), who also had a usual source of care, only 5.2 % reported ever being told by a doctor that they had an elevated iron condition. In a fully adjusted general linear regression model controlling for demographic characteristics as well as health conditions associated with iron overload, elevated TS versus non-elevated TS was associated with worse general health status (60.4 vs. 63.8, P < 0.05), mental health status (76.5 vs. 82.2, P < 0.0001) and shorter telomere length (241.4 vs. 261.3, P < 0.05). Increased surveillance of elevated TS may be in order as elevated TS is associated with decreased health status and very few patients with elevated TS are aware of their condition. C1 [Mainous, Arch G., III] Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Mainous, Arch G., III] Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Hlth & Family Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Wright, Robert U.; Diaz, Vanessa A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Family Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Hulihan, Mary M.; Grant, Althea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Twal, Waleed O.; Argraves, W. Scott] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Regenerat Med & Cell Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [McLaren, Christine E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Epidemiol, Irvine, CA USA. [McLaren, Gordon D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Vet Affairs Long Beach Healthcare Syst, Div Hematol Oncol, Irvine, CA USA. [McLaren, Gordon D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Irvine, CA USA. RP Mainous, AG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy, POB 100195, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM arch.mainous@ufl.edu OI Mainous, Arch/0000-0002-2535-7685 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) FX Funding for the acquisition of samples and analysis of data was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Samples were provided by Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLNCC). Services provided through the MUSC Proteogenomics Facility were supported by the NIH/NCRR South Carolina COBRE for Cardiovascular Disease (NIH/NCRR P20 RR016434) and the South Carolina IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) (NIH/NCRR P20 RR16461). CDC disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. As a cooperative agreement with the CDC, CDC personnel were involved in decisions regarding the design and conduct of the study as well as authorship of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0966-0844 EI 1572-8773 J9 BIOMETALS JI Biometals PD FEB PY 2014 VL 27 IS 1 BP 135 EP 141 DI 10.1007/s10534-013-9693-4 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 304EQ UT WOS:000330730200014 PM 24337410 ER PT J AU Snead, MC Melendez, JH Kourtis, AP Chaney, DM Brown, TM Black, CM Mauck, CK Schwartz, JL Zenilman, JM Jamieson, DJ Macaluso, M Doncel, GF AF Snead, Margaret C. Melendez, Johan H. Kourtis, Athena P. Chaney, Dorothy M. Brown, Teresa M. Black, Carolyn M. Mauck, Christine K. Schwartz, Jill L. Zenilman, Jonathan M. Jamieson, Denise J. Macaluso, Maurizio Doncel, Gustavo F. TI Effect of lubricants and a vaginal spermicide gel on the detection of prostate specific antigen, a biomarker of semen exposure, using a quantitative (Abbott ARCHITECT) assay SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Semen biomarkers; Lubricants; Vaginal products; Spermicide; Prostate-specific antigen ID IDENTIFICATION AB Objectives: Little is known about the effects of commonly used lubricants on detection of biomarkers of semen exposure. We investigated the in vitro effect of Gynol (R), K-Y Jelly (R), Replens (R), Astroglide (R), Carbopol, and Silicorel on quantitative detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA). Study-Design: A predetermined concentration of each of the gels was added to serially diluted semen samples. Additionally, serial dilutions of each of the gels were added to three different semen dilutions (high, medium, or low). The resulting samples were tested for PSA on the Abbott ARCHITECT System. Results: When using the Abbott ARCHITECT system, the only products that inhibited PSA detection were Gynol (R) and Replens (R). The inhibition caused by Gynol (R) was dose-dependent, but that of Replens was dose-independent. K-Y Jelly (R)-spiked samples had higher PSA values than controls. Conclusions: Caution is warranted when using the Abbott quantitative assay for PSA detection as a biomarker of semen exposure in settings where Gynol (R), Replens (R) or K-Y Jelly (R) might also have been used. Neither Astroglide (R) nor Silicorel inhibited PSA detection. Additional studies evaluating other vaginal products, including microbicides, and their effects on other assays, are needed. In vivo studies will be especially important to optimize PSA detection from clinical samples. Implications: Researchers should consider the potential for specific lubricants or any vaginal products to affect the particular assay used for semen biomarker detection. The Abbott ARCHITECT's total PSA assay should not be used with the product Replens. Caution is warranted when using the assay in settings where Gynol or K-Y jelly may have been used. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Snead, Margaret C.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Brown, Teresa M.; Black, Carolyn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Snead, Margaret C.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Brown, Teresa M.; Black, Carolyn M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Melendez, Johan H.; Chaney, Dorothy M.; Zenilman, Jonathan M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Mauck, Christine K.; Schwartz, Jill L.; Doncel, Gustavo F.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, CONRAD, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. [Macaluso, Maurizio] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Snead, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msnead@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD FEB PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 BP 134 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.09.016 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 301RV UT WOS:000330550700012 PM 24314911 ER PT J AU Farrell, AF Krahn, GL AF Farrell, Anne F. Krahn, Gloria L. TI Family Life Goes On: Disability in Contemporary Families SO FAMILY RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE family; disability; parent; sibling; stress; resilience AB Disability is part of life for most contemporary families, but to date the literature on disability in families is fragmented and narrow.This editorial commentary introduces the content and findings of peer-reviewed articles appearing in a special issue of Family Relations. The editors outline unanswered but core research questions and preview the themes present in the issue: families with disabilities are diverse; economic hardship disproportionately characterizes their lives; family life with disabilities is a journey that includes stress and resilience, with support contributing significantly to the latter; and that work benefits and taxes family life. Articles extrapolate beyond findings to explore implications for family policy and practice. The editors assert that developing understanding of how disability influences families requires a more diverse and rigorous research portfolio. They further cite the need to embed disability as a variable in a range of family studies and advocate more outlets for publication. C1 [Farrell, Anne F.] Univ Connecticut, Stamford, CT 06901 USA. [Krahn, Gloria L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Farrell, AF (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, One Univ Pl, Stamford, CT 06901 USA. EM anne.farrell@uconn.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-6664 EI 1741-3729 J9 FAM RELAT JI Fam. Relat. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1111/fare.12053 PG 6 WC Family Studies; Social Work SC Family Studies; Social Work GA 302YU UT WOS:000330642000001 PM 26185356 ER PT J AU Lauritsen, MB Astrup, A Pedersen, CB Obel, C Schendel, DE Schieve, L Yeargin-Allsopp, M Parner, ET AF Lauritsen, Marlene B. Astrup, Aske Pedersen, Carsten Bocker Obel, Carsten Schendel, Diana E. Schieve, Laura Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn Parner, Erik T. TI Urbanicity and Autism Spectrum Disorders SO JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Autism; Risk; Urbanicity; Movement; Diagnosis ID PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; RISK-FACTORS; COMPREHENSIVE METAANALYSIS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; FAMILY-HISTORY; BIRTH COHORTS; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; AGE; SCHIZOPHRENIA AB The etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is for the majority of cases unknown and more studies of risk factors are needed. Geographic variation in ASD occurrence has been observed, and urban residence has been suggested to serve as a proxy for etiologic and identification factors in ASD. We examined the association between urbanicity level and ASD at birth and during childhood. The study used a Danish register-based cohort of more than 800,000 children of which nearly 4,000 children were diagnosed with ASD. We found a dose-response association with greater level of urbanicity and risk of ASD. This association was found for residence at birth as well as residence during childhood. Further, we found an increased risk of ASD in children who moved to a higher level of urbanicity after birth. Also, earlier age of ASD diagnosis in urban areas was observed. While we could not directly examine the specific reasons behind these associations, our results demonstrating particularly strong associations between ASD diagnosis and post-birth migration suggest the influence of identification-related factors such as access to services might have a substantive role on the ASD differentials we observed. C1 [Lauritsen, Marlene B.] Aalborg Univ Hosp, Res Unit Child & Adolescent Psychiat, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark. [Lauritsen, Marlene B.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Reg Ctr Child & Adolescent Psychiat, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Astrup, Aske; Parner, Erik T.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Publ Hlth, Sect Biostat, Aarhus, Denmark. [Pedersen, Carsten Bocker] Univ Aarhus, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Fac Social Sci, Aarhus, Denmark. [Obel, Carsten] Univ Aarhus, Dept Gen Practice, Aarhus, Denmark. [Schendel, Diana E.; Schieve, Laura; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lauritsen, MB (reprint author), Aalborg Univ Hosp, Res Unit Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Mollepk Vej 10, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark. EM marlene.lauritsen@rn.dk RI Pedersen, Carsten Bocker/B-8441-2013 OI Pedersen, Carsten Bocker/0000-0003-2077-8533 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0162-3257 EI 1573-3432 J9 J AUTISM DEV DISORD JI J. Autism Dev. Disord. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 394 EP 404 DI 10.1007/s10803-013-1875-y PG 11 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 302TJ UT WOS:000330627500016 PM 23807204 ER PT J AU Weight, AK Belser, JA Tumpey, TM Chen, JZ Klibanov, AM AF Weight, Alisha K. Belser, Jessica A. Tumpey, Terrence M. Chen, Jianzhu Klibanov, Alexander M. TI Zanamivir Conjugated to Poly-L-Glutamine is Much More Active Against Influenza Viruses in Mice and Ferrets Than the Drug Itself SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE influenza virus; mouse model of infection; ferret model of infection; polymeric antiviral agents; zanamivir ID BEARING 4-GUANIDINO-NEU5AC2EN DERIVATIVES; ANTIINFLUENZA EVALUATION; A VIRUS; INHIBITORS; NEURAMINIDASE; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; PROTEIN AB Previously, polymer-attached zanamivir had been found to inhibit influenza A viruses in vitro far better than did small-molecule zanamivir (1) itself. The aim of this study was to identify in vitro-using the plaque reduction assay-a highly potent 1-polymer conjugate, and subsequently test its antiviral efficacy in vivo. By examining the structure-activity relationship of 1-polymer conjugates in the plaque assay, we have determined that the most potent inhibitor against several representative influenza virus strains has a neutral high-molecular-weight backbone and a short alkyl linker. We have examined this optimal polymeric inhibitor for efficacy and immunogenicity in the mouse and ferret models of infection. 1 attached to poly-L-glutamine is an effective therapeutic for established influenza infection in ferrets, reducing viral titers up to 30-fold for 6 days. There is also up to a 190-fold reduction in viral load when the drug is used as a combined prophylactic/therapeutic in mice. Additionally, we see no evidence that the drug conjugate stimulates an immune response in mice upon repeat administration. 1 attached to a neutral high-molecular-weight backbone through a short alkyl linker drastically reduced both in vitro and in vivo titers compared to those observed with 1 itself. Thus, further development of this polymeric zanamivir for the mitigation of influenza infection seems warranted. C1 [Weight, Alisha K.; Klibanov, Alexander M.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Belser, Jessica A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Jianzhu] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chen, Jianzhu] MIT, David H Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Klibanov, Alexander M.] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Klibanov, AM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jchen@mit.edu; klibanov@mit.edu FU National Institutes of Health [U01-AI074443] FX We thank Amanda Souza, Ryan Phennicie, and Peter Bak for help with mouse experiments. This work was financially supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant U01-AI074443. The findings and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agency. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0724-8741 EI 1573-904X J9 PHARM RES-DORDR JI Pharm. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 31 IS 2 BP 466 EP 474 DI 10.1007/s11095-013-1175-4 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 304FT UT WOS:000330733200017 PM 24065587 ER PT J AU Zhang, XY Holt, JB Lu, H Onufrak, S Yang, JW French, SP Sui, DZ AF Zhang, Xingyou Holt, James B. Lu, Hua Onufrak, Stephen Yang, Jiawen French, Steven P. Sui, Daniel Z. TI Neighborhood commuting environment and obesity in the United States: An urban-rural stratified multilevel analysis SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Neighborhood automobile dependency; Neighborhood commuting time; Geocoded National Health Interview Survey (NHIS); Regional urbanization levels; The United States ID BODY-MASS INDEX; US ADULTS; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; AREA; AGE; COMMUNITIES AB Objective. Automobile dependency and longer commuting are associated with current obesity epidemic. We aimed to examine the urban-rural differential effects of neighborhood commuting environment on obesity in the US Methods. The 1997-2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were linked to 2000 US Census data to assess the effects of neighborhood commuting environment: census tract-level automobile dependency and commuting time, on individual obesity status. Results. Higher neighborhood automobile dependency was associated with increased obesity risk in urbanized areas (large central metro (OR 1.11[1.09, 1.121), large fringe metro (OR 1.17[1.13, 1.22]), medium metro (OR 1.22[1.16, 1.29]), small metro (OR 1.11[1.04, 1.19]), and micropolitan (OR 1.09[1.00, 1.19])), but not in non-core rural areas (OR 1.00[0.92, 1.08]). Longer neighborhood commuting time was associated with increased obesity risk in large central metro (OR 1.09[1.04, 1.13]), and less urbanized areas (small metro (OR 1.08[1.01, 1.16]), micropolitan (OR 1.06[1.01, 1.121), and non-core rural areas (OR 1.0811.01, 1.17])), but not in (large fringe metro (OR 1.05[1.00, 1.11]), and medium metro (OR 1.04[0.98, 1.10])). Conclusion. The link between commuting environment and obesity differed across the regional urbanization levels. Urban and regional planning policies may improve current commuting environment and better support healthy behaviors and healthy community development. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhang, Xingyou; Holt, James B.; Lu, Hua] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Onufrak, Stephen] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yang, Jiawen] Peking Univ, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Sch Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [French, Steven P.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch City & Reg Planning, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sui, Daniel Z.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Zhang, XY (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy Rd NE MSK67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gyx8@cdc.gov; yangjw@pkusz.edu.cn FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Georgia Institute of Technology research seed award FX This study was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Georgia Institute of Technology research seed award. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 59 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.11.004 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 303NW UT WOS:000330682200006 PM 24262973 ER PT J AU Ohmit, SE Thompson, MG Petrie, JG Thaker, SN Jackson, ML Belongia, EA Zimmerman, RK Gaglani, M Lamerato, L Spencer, SM Jackson, L Meece, JK Nowalk, MP Song, J Zervos, M Cheng, PY Rinaldo, CR Clipper, L Shay, DK Piedra, P Monto, AS AF Ohmit, Suzanne E. Thompson, Mark G. Petrie, Joshua G. Thaker, Swathi N. Jackson, Michael L. Belongia, Edward A. Zimmerman, Richard K. Gaglani, Manjusha Lamerato, Lois Spencer, Sarah M. Jackson, Lisa Meece, Jennifer K. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Song, Juhee Zervos, Marcus Cheng, Po-Yung Rinaldo, Charles R. Clipper, Lydia Shay, David K. Piedra, Pedro Monto, Arnold S. TI Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the 2011-2012 Season: Protection Against Each Circulating Virus and the Effect of Prior Vaccination on Estimates SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; medically attended influenza; vaccine effectiveness; ambulatory care ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; PREVENTION; ANTIBODY; CHILDREN AB Background. Each year, the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network examines the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing medically attended acute respiratory illnesses caused by influenza. Methods. Patients with acute respiratory illnesses of <= 7 days' duration were enrolled at ambulatory care facilities in 5 communities. Specimens were collected and tested for influenza by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Receipt of influenza vaccine was defined based on documented evidence of vaccination in medical records or immunization registries. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated in adjusted logistic regression models by comparing the vaccination coverage in those who tested positive for influenza with those who tested negative. Results. The 2011-2012 season was mild and peaked late, with circulation of both type A viruses and both lineages of type B. Overall adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36-56) in preventing medically attended influenza; vaccine effectiveness was 65% (95% CI, 44-79) against type A (H1N1) pdm09 but only 39% (95% CI, 23-52) against type A (H3N2). Estimates of vaccine effectiveness against both type B lineages were similar (overall, 58%; 95% CI, 35-73). An apparent negative effect of prior year vaccination on current year effectiveness estimates was noted, particularly for A (H3N2) outcomes. Conclusions. Vaccine effectiveness in the 2011-2012 season was modest overall, with lower effectiveness against the predominant A (H3N2) virus. This may be related to antigenic drift, but past history of vaccination might also play a role. C1 [Ohmit, Suzanne E.; Petrie, Joshua G.; Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thompson, Mark G.; Thaker, Swathi N.; Spencer, Sarah M.; Cheng, Po-Yung; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jackson, Michael L.; Jackson, Lisa] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Belongia, Edward A.; Meece, Jennifer K.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Zimmerman, Richard K.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Rinaldo, Charles R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha; Song, Juhee; Clipper, Lydia] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha; Song, Juhee] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Temple, TX USA. [Lamerato, Lois; Zervos, Marcus] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. [Piedra, Pedro] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ohmit, SE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM sohmit@umich.edu OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820; Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; University of Michigan [U01 IP000474]; Group Health Research Institute [U01 IP000466]; Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation [U01 IP000471]; University of Pittsburgh [U01 IP000467]; Scott and White Healthcare [U01 IP000473] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreements with the University of Michigan (U01 IP000474), Group Health Research Institute (U01 IP000466), Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation (U01 IP000471), University of Pittsburgh (U01 IP000467), and Scott and White Healthcare (U01 IP000473). NR 29 TC 89 Z9 89 U1 4 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 319 EP 327 DI 10.1093/cid/cit736 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 300AD UT WOS:000330435900003 PM 24235265 ER PT J AU Shah, NS Yuen, CM Heo, M Tolman, AW Becerra, MC AF Shah, N. Sarita Yuen, Courtney M. Heo, Moonseong Tolman, Arielle W. Becerra, Mercedes C. TI Yield of Contact Investigations in Households of Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; contact; drug resistance; transmission ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; CLOSE CONTACTS; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-AFRICA; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE COHORT; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; URBAN-COMMUNITY AB Contact investigations among individuals living with drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients (source cases) have shown a high yield of tuberculosis disease and latent tuberculosis, but the yield of such investigations in households of drug-resistant tuberculosis source cases is unknown. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we found 25 studies that evaluated a median of 111 (interquartile range, 21-302) household contacts of drug-resistant tuberculosis source cases. The pooled yield was 7.8% (95% CI, 5.6%-10.0%) for active tuberculosis and 47.2% (95% CI, 30.0%-61.4%) for latent tuberculosis, although there was significant statistical heterogeneity (P < .0001). More than 50% of secondary cases with drug susceptibility test results were concordant with those of the source case. Among studies that followed household members, the majority of secondary cases were detected within 1 year of the source case's diagnosis. Household contact investigation around drug-resistant tuberculosis patients is a high-yield intervention for detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis and prevention of ongoing transmission. C1 [Shah, N. Sarita; Heo, Moonseong] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Shah, N. Sarita; Heo, Moonseong] Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Yuen, Courtney M.; Tolman, Arielle W.; Becerra, Mercedes C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Becerra, Mercedes C.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Shah, NS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM saritashah2@gmail.com FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [5R01AI089349]; Einstein-Montefiore Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI 051519] FX There was no specific funding for this project. The study was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (5R01AI089349) and the Einstein-Montefiore Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI 051519). NR 59 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 381 EP 391 DI 10.1093/cid/cit643 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 300AD UT WOS:000330435900013 PM 24065336 ER PT J AU Fridkin, SK Srinivasan, A AF Fridkin, Scott K. Srinivasan, Arjun TI Implementing a Strategy for Monitoring Inpatient Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitals in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE antibiotic stewardship; patient safety; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic use; healthcare-associated infections; surveillance ID RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS; ANTIBACTERIAL USE; DRUG-USE; PHARMACY; TRENDS; CONSUMPTION; TECHNOLOGY; SAFETY AB Measuring antimicrobial use is an important way to provide metrics that support more vigorous, facility-specific stewardship efforts, which in turn will be a major step toward reducing unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. Yet no single system is available in the United States that can meet stewardship needs at the level of individual hospitals and provide benchmarks, monitor trends, and measure the magnitude of antimicrobial use at the regional, state, and national levels. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is pursuing 3 distinct and complimentary efforts that remain focused on providing "data for action," including facility-level use metrics for benchmarking across comparable patient care settings, national estimates of usage patterns using sentinel surveillance sites, and limited assessments using proprietary data. C1 [Fridkin, Scott K.; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fridkin, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sfridkin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1093/cid/cit710 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 300AD UT WOS:000330435900017 PM 24162744 ER PT J AU Jemmott, LS Jemmott, JB Ngwane, Z Icard, L O'Leary, A Gueits, L Brawner, B AF Jemmott, L. S. Jemmott, J. B., III Ngwane, Z. Icard, L. O'Leary, A. Gueits, L. Brawner, B. TI 'Let Us Protect Our Future' a culturally congruent evidenced-based HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention for young South African adolescents SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HIV PREVENTION; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; HEALTH-PROMOTION; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; SELF-EFFICACY; CONDOM-USE AB One of the worst HIV/AIDS epidemics in the world is occurring in South Africa, where heterosexual exposure is the main mode of HIV transmission. Young people 15-24 years of age, particularly women, account for a large share of new infections. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for behavior-change interventions to reduce the incidence of HIV among adolescents in South Africa. However, there are few such interventions with proven efficacy for South African adolescents, especially young adolescents. A recent cluster-randomized controlled trial of the 'Let Us Protect Our Future!' HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention for Grade 6 South African adolescents (mean age = 12.4 years) found significant decreases in self-reported sexual risk behaviors compared with a control intervention. This article describes the intervention, the use of the social cognitive theory and the reasoned action approach to develop the intervention, how formative research informed its development and the acceptability of the intervention. Challenges in designing and implementing HIV/STD risk-reduction interventions for young adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa are discussed. C1 [Jemmott, L. S.; Brawner, B.] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, J. B., III; Gueits, L.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, J. B., III; Gueits, L.] Univ Penn, Ctr Hlth Behav & Commun Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ngwane, Z.] Haverford Coll, Dept Anthropol, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Icard, L.] Temple Univ, Coll Hlth Profess & Social Work, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [O'Leary, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jemmott, JB (reprint author), Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 3535 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM jjemmott@asc.upenn.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI045008]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH065867, R01MH065867] NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 EI 1465-3648 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 166 EP 181 DI 10.1093/her/cyt072 PG 16 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 300DS UT WOS:000330445200014 PM 23962491 ER PT J AU Mendez, K Romaguera, J Ortiz, AP Lopez, M Steinau, M Unger, ER AF Mendez, Keimari Romaguera, Josefina Ortiz, Ana P. Lopez, Mariel Steinau, Martin Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Urine-based human papillomavirus DNA testing as a screening tool for cervical cancer in high-risk women SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS LA English DT Article DE Cancer screening; Cervical cancer; Human papillomavirus; Urine samples ID QUANTIFICATION; ASSAY AB Objective: To test the hypothesis that self-collected urine could be used to detect high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA with sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of standard cervical testing. Methods: Women attending a gynecology clinic for evaluation of abnormal cytology were recruited. Fifty-two participants (21-60 years of age) collected urine samples, and clinicians collected cervical brush samples. When appropriate, cervical biopsies were obtained during colposcopy. HPV detection and typing were performed on DNA extracts from each sample, using commercial reagents for L1 consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and type-specific hybridization. HPV 16 viral load was determined by quantitative PCR in HPV 16-positive samples. A diagnostic test analysis was conducted for urine samples. Results: Fifty paired samples were analyzed, with 76% agreement between samples. The 12 discrepant pairs were all urine negative/cervix positive. The most common HPV types detected were 16, 51, 53, and 62. The urine test correctly identified 100% of the uninfected and 65% of the infected patients. Conclusion: The results indicate that HPV DNA detection using urine is less sensitive than cervical sampling in a population with abnormal cytology. Further exploration is warranted to determine clinical utility when other options are unavailable. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. C1 [Mendez, Keimari; Romaguera, Josefina] Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Ortiz, Ana P.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Canc Control & Populat Sci Program,Comprehens Can, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Lopez, Mariel] Univ Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico Clin & Translat Res Consortium, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Steinau, Martin; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mendez, K (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Med, Med Sci Campus,POB 365067, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. EM keimari.mendez@upr.edu OI Lopez, Mariel/0000-0003-3285-6156 FU National Center for Research Resources [R25RR017589, U54 RR026139]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [R25MD007607, U54MD 007587]; University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus [8U54MD007587-03] FX The project was supported by the following grants: R25RR017589 and U54 RR026139 from the National Center for Research Resources; R25MD007607 and U54MD 007587 from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; and 8U54MD007587-03 (RCMI Clinical and Translational Research award) from the University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0020-7292 EI 1879-3479 J9 INT J GYNECOL OBSTET JI Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 124 IS 2 BP 151 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.07.036 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 300XC UT WOS:000330496300013 PM 24296266 ER PT J AU Hew, KM Walker, AI Kohli, A Syed, A McDonald-Hyman, C Li, Z Sjodin, A Nadeau, KC AF Hew, Kinjal M. Walker, Annett I. Kohli, Arunima Syed, Aleena McDonald-Hyman, Cameron Li, Zheng Sjodin, Andreas Nadeau, Kari C. TI Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites and Th2 Immunity In Children SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology (AAAAI) CY FEB 28-MAR 04, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy Asthma & Immunol C1 [Hew, Kinjal M.; Walker, Annett I.; Kohli, Arunima; Syed, Aleena; McDonald-Hyman, Cameron] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat Allergy & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Li, Zheng; Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nadeau, Kari C.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 133 IS 2 SU S MA 801 BP AB232 EP AB232 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 297FO UT WOS:000330241301117 ER PT J AU Hsu, J Chaves, S Iwane, M Qiu, Y Schaffer, C Alvarez-Reeves, M Reponen, T Adamkiewicz, G Ryan, P Brugge, D Turcotte, D Yip, F Sircar, K Blount, B Alwis, KU Sosnoff, C Ashley, P Hedman, C Strebel, S Behbod, B Lozier, M Chew, GL AF Hsu, Joy Chaves, Sandra Iwane, Marika Qiu, Yang Schaffer, Christopher Alvarez-Reeves, Marty Reponen, Tiina Adamkiewicz, Gary Ryan, Patrick Brugge, Doug Turcotte, David Yip, Fuyuen Sircar, Kanta Blount, Benjamin Alwis, K. Udeni Sosnoff, Connie Ashley, Peter Hedman, Curtis Strebel, Steve Behbod, Behrooz Lozier, Matthew Chew, Ginger L. TI Associations Among Volatile Organic Compounds, Allergic Sensitization, and Respiratory Illness In Children With Asthma Enrolled In a Study Of Low-Income, Green Eco-Friendly Housing (The Green Housing Study) SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology (AAAAI) CY FEB 28-MAR 04, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy Asthma & Immunol C1 [Hsu, Joy; Behbod, Behrooz; Lozier, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chaves, Sandra; Iwane, Marika] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Qiu, Yang; Alvarez-Reeves, Marty; Adamkiewicz, Gary] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schaffer, Christopher; Reponen, Tiina] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ryan, Patrick] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Brugge, Doug] Tufts Univ Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. [Turcotte, David] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Family Work & Commun, Lowell, MA USA. [Yip, Fuyuen; Sircar, Kanta; Chew, Ginger L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blount, Benjamin; Alwis, K. Udeni; Sosnoff, Connie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ashley, Peter] US Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Off Hlth Homes & Lead Hazard Control, Washington, DC USA. [Hedman, Curtis; Strebel, Steve] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 133 IS 2 SU S MA 799 BP AB231 EP AB231 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 297FO UT WOS:000330241301115 ER PT J AU Nayak, A Buskirk, A Goldsmith, WT Lemons, A Hettick, J Kashon, M Cumpston, A Cumpston, J Leonard, H McKinney, W Frazer, D Beezhold, DH Green, BJ AF Nayak, Ajay Buskirk, Amanda Goldsmith, W. Travis Lemons, Angela Hettick, Justin Kashon, Michael Cumpston, Amy Cumpston, Jared Leonard, Howard McKinney, Walter Frazer, David Beezhold, Donald H. Green, Brett J. TI Development and Characterization Of a Murine Model Of Repeated Dry Exposure To Aerosolized Fungal Conidia SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology (AAAAI) CY FEB 28-MAR 04, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Acad Allergy Asthma & Immunol C1 [Nayak, Ajay; Buskirk, Amanda; Lemons, Angela; Hettick, Justin; Beezhold, Donald H.; Green, Brett J.] CDC, NIOSH, ACIB, Morgantown, WV USA. [Buskirk, Amanda] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Goldsmith, W. Travis; Cumpston, Amy; Cumpston, Jared; Leonard, Howard; McKinney, Walter; Frazer, David] CDC, NIOSH, PPRB, Morgantown, WV USA. [Kashon, Michael] CDC, NIOSH, BEB, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 133 IS 2 SU S MA 351 BP AB101 EP AB101 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 297FO UT WOS:000330241300349 ER PT J AU Scheel, CM Zhou, YT Theodoro, RC Abrams, B Balajee, SA Litvintseva, AP AF Scheel, Christina M. Zhou, Yitian Theodoro, Raquel C. Abrams, Bethany Balajee, S. Arunmozhi Litvintseva, Anastasia P. TI Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Detection of Histoplasma capsulatum DNA in Clinical Samples SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS; TISSUE; URINE; HIV; EXTRACTION; DIAGNOSIS; AIDS; PROGNOSIS AB Improved methods for the detection of Histoplasma capsulatum are needed in regions with limited resources in which the organism is endemic, where delayed diagnosis of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) results in high mortality rates. We have investigated the use of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to facilitate rapid inexpensive molecular diagnosis of this disease. Primers for LAMP were designed to amplify the Hcp100 locus of H. capsulatum. The sensitivity and limit of detection were evaluated using DNA extracted from 91 clinical isolates of known geographic subspecies, while the assay specificity was determined using DNA extracted from 50 other fungi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Urine specimens (n = 6) collected from HIV-positive individuals with culture- and antigen-proven histoplasmosis were evaluated using the LAMP assay. Specimens from healthy persons (n = 10) without evidence of histoplasmosis were used as assay controls. The Hcp100 LAMP assay was 100% sensitive and specific when tested with DNA extracted from culture isolates. The median limit of detection was <= 6 genomes (range, 1 to 300 genomes) for all except one geographic subspecies. The LAMP assay detected Hcp100 in 67% of antigen-positive urine specimens (4/6 specimens), and results were negative for Hcp100 in all healthy control urine specimens. We have shown that the Hcp100 LAMP assay is a rapid affordable assay that can be used to expedite culture confirmation of H. capsulatum in regions in which PDH is endemic. Further, our results indicate proof of the concept that the assay can be used to detect Histoplasma DNA in urine. Further evaluation of this assay using body fluid samples from a larger patient population is warranted. C1 [Scheel, Christina M.; Zhou, Yitian; Abrams, Bethany; Litvintseva, Anastasia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Theodoro, Raquel C.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scheel, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zsr3@cdc.gov FU Bevier Public Health Summer Internship at Agnes Scott College FX We thank the Bevier Public Health Summer Internship at Agnes Scott College for providing financial support to Yitian Zhou during her tenure at the Mycotic Diseases Branch of the CDC. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1128/JCM.02739-13 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 300DI UT WOS:000330444200014 PM 24478477 ER PT J AU Feng, YY Tiao, N Li, N Hlavsa, M Xiao, LH AF Feng, Yaoyu Tiao, Narry Li, Na Hlavsa, Michele Xiao, Lihua TI Multilocus Sequence Typing of an Emerging Cryptosporidium hominis Subtype in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; OUTBREAK; SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN; PARVUM; AUSTRALIA; IOWA AB The United States has experienced a substantial increase in the reported incidence of cryptosporidiosis since 2005. Accompanying this is the emergence of a new subtype of Cryptosporidium hominis based on variation at the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) locus, IaA28R4, which has become a frequently identified subtype in both sporadic and outbreak-related cases. In this study, using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) at eight genetic loci, we characterized 62 specimens of IaA28R4 and 33 specimens of three other gp60 subtypes of C. hominis from four U. S. states with increased cryptosporidiosis incidences during the summer of 2008. Extensive genetic heterogeneity was seen within the gp60 subtype IaA28R4, but specimens from Ohio and southwestern states formed two distinct subpopulations, suggesting that there were at least two origins of IaA28R4 within the United States. Discordance in typing results was observed between gp60 and other genetic markers, especially DZ-HRGP, and this discordance was largely the result of genetic recombination within the gp60 subtype IaA28R4. The results of population genetic analyses supported the presence of two subpopulations of IaA28R4 and the occurrence of genetic recombination within this gp60 subtype. Thus, the IaA28R4 subtype at gp60 is likely a fitness marker for C. hominis, and genetic recombination is potentially a driving force in the emergence of the virulent IaA28R4 subtype in the United States. A rapid evolution of IaA28R4 was indicated by the observation of multiple MLST subtypes of IaA28R4 within two large outbreaks that lasted for extended periods and involved multiple swimming pools. C1 [Feng, Yaoyu; Li, Na] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Tiao, Narry; Hlavsa, Michele; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31229005, 31110103901]; APHL/CDC Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 31229005 and 31110103901). N.T. was the recipient of an APHL/CDC Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 524 EP 530 DI 10.1128/JCM.02973-13 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 300DI UT WOS:000330444200020 PM 24478483 ER PT J AU Cohen, J Limbago, B Dumyati, G Holzbauer, S Johnston, H Perlmutter, R Dunn, J Nadle, J Lyons, C Phipps, E Beldavs, Z Clark, LA Lessa, FC AF Cohen, Jessica Limbago, Brandi Dumyati, Ghinwa Holzbauer, Stacy Johnston, Helen Perlmutter, Rebecca Dunn, John Nadle, Joelle Lyons, Carol Phipps, Erin Beldavs, Zintars Clark, Leigh Ann Lessa, Fernanda C. CA CdC's Clostridium Difficile Infect TI Impact of Changes in Clostridium difficile Testing Practices on Stool Rejection Policies and C. difficile Positivity Rates across Multiple Laboratories in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; LIGHT; ASSAY; END; PCR AB We describe the adoption of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for Clostridium difficile diagnosis and their impact on stool rejection policies and C. difficile positivity rates. Of the laboratories with complete surveys, 51 (43%) reported using NAAT in 2011. Laboratories using NAAT had stricter rejection policies and increased positivity rates. C1 [Cohen, Jessica] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Cohen, Jessica; Limbago, Brandi; Lessa, Fernanda C.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Johnston, Helen] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Perlmutter, Rebecca] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dunn, John] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Nadle, Joelle] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Lyons, Carol] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Phipps, Erin] Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Beldavs, Zintars] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Clark, Leigh Ann] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cohen, J (reprint author), Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM jcohen@cdc.gov FU Emerging Infections Program Cooperative Agreement; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Emerging Infections Program Cooperative Agreement between the ten study sites (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, and Tennessee) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 632 EP 634 DI 10.1128/JCM.02177-13 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 300DI UT WOS:000330444200037 PM 24478500 ER PT J AU Benitez, AJ Winchell, JM AF Benitez, Alvaro J. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Clinical Application of a Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Legionella Species, Legionella pneumophila, and Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 (vol 51, pg 348, 2013) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Benitez, Alvaro J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Benitez, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 709 EP 709 DI 10.1128/JCM.03391-13 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 300DI UT WOS:000330444200063 ER PT J AU Fry, AM Goswami, D Nahar, K Sharmin, AT Rahman, M Gubareva, L Azim, T Bresee, J Luby, SP Brooks, WA AF Fry, Alicia M. Goswami, Doli Nahar, Kamrun Sharmin, Amina Tahia Rahman, Mustafizur Gubareva, Larisa Azim, Tasnim Bresee, Joseph Luby, Stephen P. Brooks, W. Abdullah TI Efficacy of oseltamivir treatment started within 5 days of symptom onset to reduce influenza illness duration and virus shedding in an urban setting in Bangladesh: a randomised placebo-controlled trial SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR OSELTAMIVIR; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; SAFETY; INFECTIONS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ZANAMIVIR; PATTERNS; OUTCOMES AB Background Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few data exist for the efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors, which are the only readily available influenza treatment options, especially in low-income settings. We assessed the efficacy of treatment with the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir to reduce patient illness and viral shedding in people with influenza, in whom treatment was started within 5 days of symptom onset, in an urban setting in Bangladesh. Methods We undertook a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial between May, 2008, and December, 2010. Patients with a positive rapid influenza test identified by surveillance of households in Kamalapur, Bangladesh were randomly allocated on a 1:1 basis to receive oseltamivir or placebo twice daily for 5 days. Randomisation lists for individuals enrolled less than 48 h and 48 h or longer since illness onset were generated with permuted blocks of variable length between two and eight. Participants and study staff were masked to treatment group. Participants provided nasal wash specimens at enrolment and 2,4, and 7 days later, and were visited daily to record symptoms. All specimens were tested for influenza with reverse-transcriptase PCR, and if the result was positive, we isolated the virus. The primary endpoints were duration of clinical illness and viral shedding in patients treated less than and more than 48 h since illness onset and the frequency of oseltamivir resistance during treatment. Analyses were intention to treat unless otherwise specified. Findings Overall, 1190 people with a median age of 5 years (IQR 2-9) were enrolled: 794 (67%) less than 48 h since symptom onset and 396 (33%) 48 h or longer since symptom onset. 592 participants were assigned to placebo and 598 to oseltamivir. The median duration of symptoms was shorter in the oseltamivir group (3 days, IQR 1-5) than in the placebo group (4 days, 1-6; p=0.01). When stratified by timing of treatment initiation, in participants enrolled 48 h or longer since illness onset, the median duration of symptoms was similar in both groups (oseltamivir 3 days [IQR 2-5], placebo 3 days [1-5]; p=0-04). The median duration of symptoms was reduced by 1 day in the group given oseltamivir who were enrolled less than 48 h since symptom onset compared with those given placebo, but this difference was not significant. In those with all swab specimens (n=1134), oseltamivir significantly reduced virus isolation on days 2 (placebo 374 [66%] vs oseltamivir 321 [56%]; difference 15.2%, 95% CI 9-5-20.8, p=0.0004), 4 (241 [43%] vs 174 [30%]; difference 30.2%, 95% CI 24.6-35.8, p<0.0001), and 7 (68 [12%] vs 36 [6%]; difference 47.5%, 95% CI 44.2-50.8, p=0.0009). In participants enrolled 48 h or longer since illness onset, oseltamivir treatment significantly reduced virus isolation on days 2 and 4, but not day 7. In participants enrolled less than 48 h since illness onset, oseltamivir treatment significantly reduced virus isolation on days 2,4, and 7. The emergency of resistance to oseltamivir during treatment was rare overall (<1%) and in influenza A H1N1pdm09 viruses (3.9%). Interpretation Oseltamivir treatment resulted in a modest reduction in the duration of symptoms and virus shedding in people with uncomplicated influenza infections, even when treatment was started 48 h or longer after illness onset. C1 [Fry, Alicia M.; Gubareva, Larisa; Bresee, Joseph; Luby, Stephen P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Goswami, Doli; Nahar, Kamrun; Sharmin, Amina Tahia; Rahman, Mustafizur; Azim, Tasnim; Luby, Stephen P.; Brooks, W. Abdullah] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA [1U01P000127] FX The study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (grant number 1U01P000127) in a cooperative agreement with icddr,b. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank the field research assistants and clinic doctors at the Kamalapur study site; Bllkis Ara Anjali (icddr,b) for data support; and Kristina Ballenger, Alma A Trujillo (Influenza Division, CDC), Erik Reisdorf, Timothy Davis (Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Madison, WI, USA), Hugo Guevara (California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA, USA), and Stacy Freeburg (Iowa State Laboratory Des Moines, IA, USA) for laboratory assistance. We acknowledge the contribution of Alexander Klimov (deceased). NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70267-6 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 299UE UT WOS:000330420400024 PM 24268590 ER PT J AU Du, SF Neiman, A Batis, C Wang, HJ Zhang, B Zhang, JG Popkin, BM AF Du, Shufa Neiman, Andrea Batis, Carolina Wang, Huijun Zhang, Bing Zhang, Jiguo Popkin, Barry M. TI Understanding the patterns and trends of sodium intake, potassium intake, and sodium to potassium ratio and their effect on hypertension in China SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NUTRITION SURVEY; SALT SUBSTITUTE; DIETARY-SODIUM; URINARY SODIUM; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; POPULATION; DISEASE AB Background: Recent studies have shown inconsistent effects of sodium reduction, potassium intake, and the ratio of sodium to potassium (Na/K ratio) on hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Major gaps exist in knowledge regarding these issues in China. Objective: We analyzed the patterns and trends of dietary sodium intake, potassium intake, and the Na/K ratio and their relations with incident hypertension in China. Design: The China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort includes 16,869 adults aged 20-60 y from 1991 to 2009. Three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and condiment and food weights provided detailed dietary data. Multinomial logistic regression models determined trends and patterns of sodium and potassium intake and the Na/K ratio. Models for survival-time data estimated the hazard of incident hypertension. Results: Sodium intake is decreasing but remains double the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Most sodium comes from added condiments. Adults in the central provinces have the highest sodium intake and the most rapid increase in hypertension. Potassium intake has increased slightly but is below half of the recommended amount. The Na/K ratio is significantly higher than the recommended amounts. Recent measurements of high sodium intake, low potassium intake, and high Na/K ratio have strong independent dose-response associations with incident hypertension. Conclusions: Reducing sodium in processed foods, the major public health strategy in Western countries, may be less effective in China, where salt intake remains high. Replacing sodium with potassium in salt to control and prevent hypertension in China should be considered along with other public health and clinical prevention options. C1 [Du, Shufa; Batis, Carolina; Popkin, Barry M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Du, Shufa; Batis, Carolina; Popkin, Barry M.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Neiman, Andrea] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wang, Huijun; Zhang, Bing; Zhang, Jiguo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Popkin, BM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, 123 West Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM popkin@unc.edu OI popkin, barry/0000-0001-9495-9324 FU NIH [R01-HD30880, DK056350, R01-HD38700]; Fogarty International Center; Carolina Population Center [R24 HD050924]; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; US CDC [200-2010-M-35371] FX Supported by the NIH (R01-HD30880, DK056350, and R01-HD38700), the Fogarty International Center, the Carolina Population Center (R24 HD050924), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the US CDC (200-2010-M-35371). NR 74 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 31 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 99 IS 2 BP 334 EP 343 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.059121 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 295XR UT WOS:000330150200013 PM 24257724 ER PT J AU Saydah, S Imperatore, G Geiss, L AF Saydah, Sharon Imperatore, Giuseppina Geiss, Linda TI Re: "Prevalence of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among US Adolescents: Results From the Continuous NHANES, 1999-2010" SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Saydah, Sharon; Imperatore, Giuseppina; Geiss, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Saydah, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ssaydah@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 179 IS 3 BP 395 EP 396 DI 10.1093/aje/kwt276 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 296NA UT WOS:000330190600016 PM 24243744 ER PT J AU Mollica, RF Brooks, R Tor, S Lopes-Cardozo, B Silove, D AF Mollica, Richard F. Brooks, Robert Tor, Svang Lopes-Cardozo, Barbara Silove, Derrick TI The enduring mental health impact of mass violence: A community comparison study of Cambodian civilians living in Cambodia and Thailand SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Genocide; structural equation modelling; traumatic experience; Cambodian mental health ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; HARVARD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE; ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; HOPKINS SYMPTOM CHECKLIST-25; DSM-IV DISORDERS; SURVEY-REPLICATION; BOSNIAN REFUGEES; POSTCONFLICT SETTINGS; PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA AB Background: No population-based studies have directly compared the long-term health and mental health outcomes of conflict- versus non-conflict-affected communities from the same ethnic background. Aims: To identify and compare levels of psychiatric morbidity between a traumatized and non-traumatized civilian community; to investigate the long-term impact of mass violence. Methods: Double-stratified community surveys in Siem Reap and Surin provinces were conducted by highly qualified Cambodian interviewers using culturally validated survey instruments with known psychometric properties. These included Cambodian versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25, the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and the Medical Outcome Study Short Form. Results: Siem Reap and Surin respondents experienced 12,266 and 621 major trauma events, respectively; 745 (76.2%) Siem Reap respondents and six (0.6%) Surin respondents reported torture events; 499 (49.5%) Siem Reap respondents and 203 (19.7%) Surin respondents met the clinical threshold for depression (OR 4.01, 95% CI 3.29-4.88); 204 (20.6%) Siem Reap respondents and 23 (2.2%) Surin respondents met the clinical threshold for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OR 11.39, 95% CI 7.3-17.7). The MOS physical disability was higher in Siem Reap versus Surin respondents (74 (7.5%) vs 13 (1.3%), (2) = 47.4 df = 1, p < .001). Health status was poorest among Siem Reap respondents when compared with Surin respondents (mean score 1.59 vs 0.59, respectively; t = 19.85 df = 2018, p < .001). Path analysis reveals that recent and past extreme violence are associated with the health and mental health status of the Siem Reap community. Conclusion: After 25 years, the Khmer civilian population that experienced the Pol Pot genocide continues to suffer psychiatric morbidity and poor health. C1 [Mollica, Richard F.; Tor, Svang] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Program Refugee Trauma, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, MA USA. [Brooks, Robert] Australian Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander He, Kingston, Tas, Australia. [Lopes-Cardozo, Barbara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Silove, Derrick] Univ New S Wales, Psychiat Res & Teaching Unit, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Mollica, RF (reprint author), Harvard Program Refugee Trauma, 22 Putnam Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rmollica@partners.org FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 77 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0020-7640 EI 1741-2854 J9 INT J SOC PSYCHIATR JI Int. J. Soc. Psychiatr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 60 IS 1 BP 6 EP 20 DI 10.1177/0020764012471597 PG 15 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 294CJ UT WOS:000330019700002 PM 23396287 ER PT J AU Pilgrim, N Sherwood, J Dittus, PJ Loosier, P Jennings, J Page, KR Arrington-Sanders, R Sonenstein, FL Marcell, AV AF Pilgrim, Nanlesta Sherwood, Jennifer Dittus, Patricia J. Loosier, Penny Jennings, Jacky Page, Kathleen R. Arrington-Sanders, Renata Sonenstein, Freya L. Marcell, Arik V. TI DEVELOPING A SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE GUIDE: THE VOICES OF YOUNG URBAN MINORITY MALES AGED 15-24 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pilgrim, Nanlesta; Sherwood, Jennifer; Jennings, Jacky; Sonenstein, Freya L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dittus, Patricia J.; Loosier, Penny; Marcell, Arik V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Page, Kathleen R.; Arrington-Sanders, Renata] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 SU S MA 18 BP S9 EP S10 PG 2 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 298EV UT WOS:000330307800019 ER PT J AU Steiner, RJ Swartzendruber, A Rose, E DiClemente, RJ AF Steiner, Riley J. Swartzendruber, Andrea Rose, Eve DiClemente, Ralph J. TI THE EFFECTS OF FAMILY MONITORING ON SEXUAL PARTNERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENT FEMALES: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV/STI PREVENTION SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Steiner, Riley J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Swartzendruber, Andrea; Rose, Eve; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 SU S MA 96 BP S51 EP S51 PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 298EV UT WOS:000330307800097 ER PT J AU Swartzendruber, A Sales, JM Fasula, AM Gray, SC Rose, ES DiClemente, RJ AF Swartzendruber, Andrea Sales, Jessica M. Fasula, Amy M. Gray, Simone C. Rose, Eve S. DiClemente, Ralph J. TI PREGNANCY HISTORY PREDICTS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION ACQUISITION OVER 6 MONTHS OF FOLLOW-UP AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN GIRLS RECRUITED FROM JUVENILE DETENTION CENTERS SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Swartzendruber, Andrea; Sales, Jessica M.; Rose, Eve S.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fasula, Amy M.; Gray, Simone C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 SU S MA 82 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 298EV UT WOS:000330307800083 ER PT J AU Dai, SF Yang, QH Yuan, KM Loustalot, F Fang, J Daniels, SR Hong, YL AF Dai, Shifan Yang, Quanhe Yuan, Keming Loustalot, Fleetwood Fang, Jing Daniels, Stephen R. Hong, Yuling TI Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Distribution and Prevalence of High Serum Levels in Children and Adolescents: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2005-2010 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; WHITE-CHILDREN; YOUNG-ADULTS; LIPID-LEVELS; HEART; OVERWEIGHT; YOUTHS; TRENDS; GROWTH; AGE AB Objectives To estimate age-related changes for serum concentration of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), describe non-HDL-C distribution, and examine the prevalence of high non-HDL-C levels in children and adolescents by demographic characteristics and weight status. Study design Data from 7058 participants ages 6-19 years in the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed. A high level of non-HDL-C was defined as a non-HDL-C value >= 145mg/dL. Results Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing-smoothed curves showed that non-HDL-C levels increased from 101 mg/dL at age 6 to 111 mg/dL at age 10, decreased to 101 mg/dL at age 14, and then increased to 122 mg/dL at age 19 in non-Hispanic white males. Non-HDL-C levels generally were greater in female than male subjects, lower in non-Hispanic black subjects, and similar in male and slightly lower in female Mexican American subjects, compared with non-Hispanic white subjects. The overall mean was 108 (SE 0.5), and the percentiles were 67 (5th), 74 (10th), 87 (25th), 104 (50th), 123 (75th), 145 (90th), and 158 (95th) mg/dL. Mean and percentiles were greater among age groups 9-11 and 17-19 years than others and greater among non-Hispanic white than non-Hispanic black subjects. The prevalence of high non-HDL-C was 11.8% (95% CI 9.9%-14.0%) and 15.0% (95% CI 12.9%-17.3%) for the age groups 9-11 and 17-19, respectively. It varied significantly by race/ethnicity and overweight/obesity status. Conclusion Non-HDL-C levels vary by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and weight classification status. Evaluation of non-HDL-C in youth should account for its normal physiologic patterns and variations in demographic characteristics and weight classification. C1 [Dai, Shifan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Yang, Quanhe; Yuan, Keming; Loustalot, Fleetwood; Fang, Jing; Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Daniels, Stephen R.] Univ Colorado, Childrens Hosp Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. RP Dai, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy,MailStop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdai@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 164 IS 2 BP 247 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.08.069 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 295NN UT WOS:000330122900006 PM 24139441 ER PT J AU Trang, NV Nguyen, NTL Dao, HT Ho, VL Tran, DT Loewen, J Jiang, J Jiang, BM Parashar, U Dang, AD Patel, MM AF Nguyen Van Trang Nhan Thanh Le Nguyen Hieu Trung Dao Viet Lu Ho Dieu Thi Tran Loewen, Jonathan Jiang, James Jiang, Baoming Parashar, Umesh Anh Duc Dang Patel, Manish M. TI Incidence and Epidemiology of Intussusception among Infants in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION; VACCINES; SURVEILLANCE; BENEFITS; CHILDREN; SAFETY; RISK AB Objective To evaluate rates of intussusception hospitalization among infants in Vietnam before the introduction of rotavirus vaccine. Study design Between 2009 and 2011, we identified intussusception hospitalizations among infants using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification code K56.1 at 2 large pediatric hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam that treat most of the intussusception cases in the city. We reviewed all medical records to confirm a Brighton level 1 case definition for intussusception. Results We identified a total of 869 intussusception cases in Ho Chi Minh City during the 3-year study period, for an annual rate of 296 per 100 000 infants. The mean age of intussusception was similar to 37 weeks (8.6 months), with <2% of the cases occurring before age 15 weeks. Cases of intussusception were observed year-round in these hospitals with no evident seasonal pattern. Ultrasonography was used to diagnose most cases (97%), and reduction was performed by air enema in >95% of the cases, with only 1% of cases at 1 hospital and 5% at the other hospital requiring surgical intervention. Ultrasound diagnosis was confirmed by an independent radiologist in 94% of a randomly selected group of intussusception cases at 1 of the 2 hospitals. No mortality was reported. Conclusion Vietnam has a substantially higher rate of intussusception in children aged >15 weeks compared with most other regions of the world. Most of our cases were diagnosed by ultrasound, and only a small proportion required surgical intervention with no fatalities, suggesting that the higher rates may be related in part to better and earlier detection of intussusception. C1 [Nguyen Van Trang; Anh Duc Dang] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Nhan Thanh Le Nguyen; Hieu Trung Dao] Childrens Hosp 1, Dept Network Coordinat, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Viet Lu Ho; Dieu Thi Tran] Childrens Hosp 2, Dept Network Coordinat, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Loewen, Jonathan] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Dept Radiol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jiang, James; Jiang, Baoming; Parashar, Umesh; Patel, Manish M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 164 IS 2 BP 366 EP 371 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.006 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 295NN UT WOS:000330122900028 ER PT J AU Zientek, J Dahlgren, FS McQuiston, JH Regan, J AF Zientek, Jillian Dahlgren, F. Scott McQuiston, Jennifer H. Regan, Joanna TI Self-Reported Treatment Practices by Healthcare Providers Could Lead to Death from Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TETRACYCLINES AB Among 2012 Docstyle survey respondents, 80% identified doxycycline as the appropriate treatment for Rocky Mountain spotted fever in patients >= 8 years old, but only 35% correctly chose doxycycline in patients <8 years old. These findings raise concerns about the higher pediatric case-fatality rate of Rocky Mountain spotted fever observed nationally. Targeted education efforts are needed. C1 [Zientek, Jillian] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dahlgren, F. Scott; McQuiston, Jennifer H.; Regan, Joanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Regan, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jregan@cdc.gov OI Regan, Joanna/0000-0002-9179-6694 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 164 IS 2 BP 416 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.008 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 295NN UT WOS:000330122900041 PM 24252781 ER PT J AU Gumbis, S Mayfield, K Sweeney, E Barrett, T AF Gumbis, Stephanie Mayfield, Kristin Sweeney, Elizabeth Barrett, Timothy TI Conflict of interest SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gumbis, Stephanie; Mayfield, Kristin; Sweeney, Elizabeth; Barrett, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gumbis, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 EI 1548-4475 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 43 IS 2 BP 54 EP 55 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 297MJ UT WOS:000330259300016 PM 24451357 ER PT J AU Li, S Rouphael, N Duraisingham, S Romero-Steiner, S Presnell, S Davis, C Schmidt, DS Johnson, SE Milton, A Rajam, G Kasturi, S Carlone, GM Quinn, C Chaussabel, D Palucka, AK Mulligan, MJ Ahmed, R Stephens, DS Nakaya, HI Pulendran, B AF Li, Shuzhao Rouphael, Nadine Duraisingham, Sai Romero-Steiner, Sandra Presnell, Scott Davis, Carl Schmidt, Daniel S. Johnson, Scott E. Milton, Andrea Rajam, Gowrisankar Kasturi, Sudhir Carlone, George M. Quinn, Charlie Chaussabel, Damien Palucka, A. Karolina Mulligan, Mark J. Ahmed, Rafi Stephens, David S. Nakaya, Helder I. Pulendran, Bali TI Molecular signatures of antibody responses derived from a systems biology study of five human vaccines SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGULATORY NETWORKS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; KINASE 1; VACCINOLOGY; EXPRESSION; VACCINATION; ACTIVATION; INFLUENZA; RECONSTRUCTION; PROTECTION AB Many vaccines induce protective immunity via antibodies. Systems biology approaches have been used to determine signatures that can be used to predict vaccine-induced immunity in humans, but whether there is a 'universal signature' that can be used to predict antibody responses to any vaccine is unknown. Here we did systems analyses of immune responses to the polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines against meningococcus in healthy adults, in the broader context of published studies of vaccines against yellow fever virus and influenza virus. To achieve this, we did a large-scale network integration of publicly available human blood transcriptomes and systems-scale databases in specific biological contexts and deduced a set of transcription modules in blood. Those modules revealed distinct transcriptional signatures of antibody responses to different classes of vaccines, which provided key insights into primary viral, protein recall and anti-polysaccharide responses. Our results elucidate the early transcriptional programs that orchestrate vaccine immunity in humans and demonstrate the power of integrative network modeling. C1 [Li, Shuzhao; Rouphael, Nadine; Duraisingham, Sai; Davis, Carl; Kasturi, Sudhir; Mulligan, Mark J.; Ahmed, Rafi; Stephens, David S.; Nakaya, Helder I.; Pulendran, Bali] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Li, Shuzhao; Duraisingham, Sai; Kasturi, Sudhir; Nakaya, Helder I.; Pulendran, Bali] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rouphael, Nadine; Mulligan, Mark J.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Hope Clin, Decatur, GA USA. [Romero-Steiner, Sandra; Schmidt, Daniel S.; Johnson, Scott E.; Milton, Andrea; Rajam, Gowrisankar; Carlone, George M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Presnell, Scott; Quinn, Charlie; Chaussabel, Damien] Benaroya Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Presnell, Scott; Quinn, Charlie; Chaussabel, Damien; Palucka, A. Karolina] Baylor Res Inst, Baylor Inst Immunol Res, Dallas, TX USA. [Davis, Carl; Mulligan, Mark J.; Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ahmed, Rafi] Emory Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nakaya, Helder I.; Pulendran, Bali] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Pulendran, B (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bpulend@emory.edu RI Nakaya, Helder/A-1397-2010; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016; CEPID, CRID/J-2644-2015; OI Chaussabel, Damien/0000-0002-6131-7242; Nakaya, Helder/0000-0001-5297-9108; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863; Romero-Steiner, Sandra/0000-0003-4128-7768; Presnell, Scott/0000-0001-9203-6403 FU US National Institutes of Health [U19AI090023, U54AI057157, R37AI48638, R37DK057665, U19AI057266, AI100663-02]; Georgia Research Alliance GRA and Emory University Research Committee; Clinical and Translational Science Award Program (National Center for Research Resources of the US National Institutes of Health) FX We thank B. Weaver and the Hope Clinic staff for assistance with the clinical study. Supported by the US National Institutes of Health (U19AI090023, U54AI057157, R37AI48638, R37DK057665, U19AI057266 and AI100663-02 to the B.P. laboratory), the Georgia Research Alliance GRA and Emory University Research Committee and the Clinical and Translational Science Award Program (National Center for Research Resources of the US National Institutes of Health; to N.R.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 51 TC 116 Z9 117 U1 6 U2 55 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1529-2908 EI 1529-2916 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 15 IS 2 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1038/ni.2789 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 295XV UT WOS:000330150600014 PM 24336226 ER PT J AU Hamra, GB MacLehose, R Richardson, D Bertke, S Daniels, RD AF Hamra, Ghassan Badri MacLehose, Richard Richardson, David Bertke, Stephen Daniels, Robert D. TI Modelling complex mixtures in epidemiologic analysis: additive versus relative measures for differential effectiveness SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK REGRESSION-MODELS; A-BOMB SURVIVORS; BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES; SOLID CANCER; EXPOSURE; MORTALITY; COHORT; PRIORS AB Objectives Mixed exposures are often combined into single exposure measures using weighting factors. This occurs for many complex mixtures in environmental and occupational epidemiology including multiple congeners, air pollutants and unique forms of ionising radiation, among others. Methods The weights used for combining exposures are most often determined from experimental animal and cellular research. However, evidence from observational research is necessary to support their use in risk analyses, since results from experimental research do not directly translate to observational epidemiology. Results Using simulated data, we show that ratio-based relative weights cannot be reliably estimated from observational research. As a solution to this problem, we propose an approach for estimating differences in effectiveness of distinct exposures based on their excess effectiveness compared with a reference exposure. Conclusions This alternative is easy to calculate and provides reliable estimates of differences in effectiveness of distinct exposures. This is important to regulatory bodies using relative measures for policy decisions, as well as practicing epidemiologists conducting risk analyses. C1 [Hamra, Ghassan Badri] Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect Environm & Radiat, F-69006 Lyon, France. [MacLehose, Richard] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Richardson, David] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bertke, Stephen; Daniels, Robert D.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Industrywide Studies Branch IWSB, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hamra, GB (reprint author), Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect Environm & Radiat, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, F-69006 Lyon, France. EM hamrag@fellows.iarc.fr FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1R03OH009800-01]; National institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES07018] FX This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant number 1R03OH009800-01). GBH was supported by National institute of Environmental Health Sciences (training grant ES07018). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 71 IS 2 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101665 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 295HV UT WOS:000330108100012 PM 24213566 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Kallen, AJ AF Patel, Priti R. Kallen, Alexander J. TI Bloodstream Infection Prevention in ESRD: Forging a Pathway for Success SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; HEMODIALYSIS; GUIDELINES C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Kallen, Alexander J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pgp0@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 180 EP 182 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.11.003 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 293NX UT WOS:000329980100004 PM 24461679 ER PT J AU Naleway, AL Kurosky, S Henninger, ML Gold, R Nordin, JD Kharbanda, EO Irving, S Cheetham, TC Nakasato, C Glanz, JM Hambidge, SJ Davis, RL Klein, NP McCarthy, NL Weintraub, E AF Naleway, Allison L. Kurosky, Samantha Henninger, Michelle L. Gold, Rachel Nordin, James D. Kharbanda, Elyse O. Irving, Stephanie Cheetham, T. Craig Nakasato, Cynthia Glanz, Jason M. Hambidge, Simon J. Davis, Robert L. Klein, Nicola P. McCarthy, Natalie L. Weintraub, Eric TI Vaccinations Given During Pregnancy, 2002-2009 A Descriptive Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VACCINE SAFETY DATALINK; INFLUENZA VACCINE; WOMEN; IMMUNIZATION; COVERAGE; SEASON; STATES AB Background: A number of studies have described influenza vaccination coverage during pregnancy but few publications have described rates of other vaccinations. Purpose: To describe vaccination rates during pregnancy in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), with particular focus on vaccinations contraindicated during pregnancy. Methods: Pregnancies ending in 2002 through 2009 and vaccinations administered during these pregnancies were identified in the VSD. Vaccination rates per 1000 pregnancies during the study period were calculated by vaccine type, recommendation category, pregnancy year, maternal age, and trimester. Analyses were conducted in 2012-2013. Results: In the VSD, 669,695 pregnancies and 141,389 vaccinations were identified. Trivalent inactivated influenza (TIV) was the most commonly administered vaccination (174.1 doses per 1000 pregnancies) and was most often administered during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The most common vaccines in the " consider if indicated" category were tetanus-diphtheria (6.1 per 1000) and hepatitis B (3.7 per 1000). Contraindicated vaccination was infrequent, and the majority of these weremeasles-mumps-rubella (MMR) (1.2 per 1000); varicella (1.0 per 1000); and live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) (0.3 per 1000). Both " consider if indicated" and contraindicated vaccines were more frequently administered during early pregnancy. Conclusions: TIV was the most commonly administered vaccine. With the exception of TIV, other vaccines were most frequently administered during early pregnancy and among younger women, suggesting that vaccination may occur when the woman and/or provider are unaware of the pregnancy. Contraindicated vaccines were infrequently administered during pregnancy; however, given that some women received contraindicated vaccines later in pregnancy, clearer recommendations and improved provider education may be needed. C1 [Naleway, Allison L.; Kurosky, Samantha; Henninger, Michelle L.; Gold, Rachel; Irving, Stephanie] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [Nordin, James D.; Kharbanda, Elyse O.] HealthPartners Inst Educ & Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Irving, Stephanie] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Cheetham, T. Craig] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat & Pharm Analyt Serv, Oakland, CA USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Nakasato, Cynthia] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Ctr Hlth Res, Honolulu, HI USA. [Glanz, Jason M.; Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Davis, Robert L.] Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Ctr Hlth Res, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCarthy, Natalie L.; Weintraub, Eric] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Naleway, AL (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. EM allison.naleway@kpchr.org OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Irving, Stephanie/0000-0001-7437-6797 FU CDC through America's Health Insurance Plans [200-2002-00732]; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck and Co.; Sanofi; Pasteur; Novartis; Protein Science; Pfizer FX Financial support for this study was provided in full by the CDC (200-2002-00732) through America's Health Insurance Plans. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC.; ALN has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline. NPK has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck and Co., Sanofi Pasteur, Novartis, Protein Science, and Pfizer. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 150 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 291VM UT WOS:000329859200008 PM 24439348 ER PT J AU Sallis, JF Cutter, CL Lou, D Spoon, C Wilson, AL Ding, D Ponkshe, P Cervero, R Patrick, K Schmid, TL Mignano, A Orleans, CT AF Sallis, James F. Cutter, Carmen L. Lou, Deborah Spoon, Chad Wilson, Amanda L. Ding, Ding Ponkshe, Prabhu Cervero, Robert Patrick, Kevin Schmid, Thomas L. Mignano, Alexandra Orleans, C. Tracy TI Active Living Research Creating and Using Evidence to Support Childhood Obesity Prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RESEARCH-PROGRAM; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; FIELD AB The second phase of Active Living Research (ALR-2, 2007-2012) focused on advancing the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF)' s goal of reversing the childhood obesity epidemic. The mission was to stimulate and support research to identify environmental factors and policies that influence physical activity for children and families to inform effective childhood obesity prevention strategies, with an emphasis on the lower-income and racial/ ethnic communities with highest childhood obesity prevalence. The present report describes ALR activities undertaken to accomplish three goals. The first goal-to build an evidence base-was furthered by funding 230 competitive grants to identify and evaluate promising environment and policy changes. More than 300 publications have been produced so far. The second goal-to build an interdisciplinary and diverse field of investigators -was supported through annual conferences and linked journal supplements, academic outreach to multiple disciplines, and grants targeting young investigators and those representing groups historically disadvantaged or underrepresented in RWJF-funded research. The third goal-to use research to inform policy and practice-was advanced through research briefs; webinars; researchtranslation grants supporting ALR grantees to design communications tailored to decision-maker audiences; active engagement of policymakers and other stakeholders in ALR program meetings and annual conferences; ALR presentations at policy-related meetings; and broad outreach through a widely used website, e-mailed newsletters, and social media. ALR-2 findings and products have contributed to a rapid increase in the evidence base and field of active living research, as documented by an independent program evaluation. C1 [Sallis, James F.; Cutter, Carmen L.; Lou, Deborah; Spoon, Chad; Wilson, Amanda L.; Patrick, Kevin; Mignano, Alexandra] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Cervero, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ponkshe, Prabhu] Hlth Matrix Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Schmid, Thomas L.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Orleans, C. Tracy] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Ding, Ding] Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Sallis, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, 3900 5th Ave,Suite 310, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM jsallis@ucsd.edu RI malkaya, yonca/M-1229-2014 FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation FX This work was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 195 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.019 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 291VM UT WOS:000329859200015 PM 24439355 ER PT J AU Ross, J Roy, SL Mathers, WD Ritterband, DC Yoder, JS Ayers, T Shah, RD Samper, ME Shih, CY Schmitz, A Brown, AC AF Ross, Jonathan Roy, Sharon L. Mathers, William D. Ritterband, David C. Yoder, Jonathan S. Ayers, Tracy Shah, Rupa D. Samper, Monika E. Shih, Carolyn Y. Schmitz, Ann Brown, Allison C. TI Clinical Characteristics of Acanthamoeba Keratitis Infections in 28 States, 2008 to 2011 SO CORNEA LA English DT Article DE Acanthamoeba; diagnosis; risk factors ID RISK-FACTORS; MICROBIAL KERATITIS; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-INDIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; OUTBREAK AB Purpose:The aim was to describe a geographically and clinically diverse sample of cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and establish the risk factors for poor outcomes among patients with this disease.Methods:We conducted a retrospective, population-based case series of 116 patients with AK identified through a national surveillance network. Data were collected via a medical record review by diagnosing ophthalmologists and by phone interviews with patients. Exact logistic regression modeling was used to determine risk factors for poor visual outcomes.Results:Among patients with data available on contact lens use, it was found that 93.3% wore contact lenses. The median time from symptom onset to care seeking was 2 days, whereas the median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 27 days. Keratoplasty was performed in 27 of 81 patients with available outcome data and was more likely in patients >40 years old [odds ratio (OR) 5.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49-21.92]. When adjusted for age, the risk factors for keratoplasty included the presence of a ring infiltrate (OR 40.00, 95% CI 3.58-447.0) or any sign of stromal invasion (OR 10.48, 95% CI 2.56-55.09). One-third of patients with available data on best-corrected visual acuity had a best-corrected visual acuity <20/200, with the presence of a ring infiltrate as the only significant predictor of this outcome when adjusted for age (aOR 3.45, 95% CI 1.01-12.31).Conclusions:AK remains challenging to diagnose. Consequently, patients with advanced disease are more likely to have poor outcomes, particularly if they are older. The increasing awareness of AK among general eye care providers may shorten referral times and potentially improve outcomes. C1 [Ross, Jonathan; Roy, Sharon L.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Ayers, Tracy; Brown, Allison C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Bronx, NY 10463 USA. [Mathers, William D.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Ritterband, David C.] New York Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Ophthalmol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Shah, Rupa D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Samper, Monika E.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Acute & Communicable Dis Prevent Sect, Portland, OR USA. [Shih, Carolyn Y.] N Shore Univ Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Great Neck, NY USA. [Schmitz, Ann] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Ross, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3300 Netherland Ave 5B, Bronx, NY 10463 USA. EM joross@montefiore.org OI Brown, Allison/0000-0003-0011-0309; Ross, Jonathan/0000-0001-6126-3048; Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 FU Pfizer, Inc. FX J. Ross conducted work on this project with support from a fellowship funded by a grant from Pfizer, Inc. D. C. Ritterband has worked as a consultant for Bausch and Lomb. The other authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0277-3740 EI 1536-4798 J9 CORNEA JI Cornea PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1097/ICO.0000000000000014 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 292LT UT WOS:000329903900011 PM 24322804 ER PT J AU Markham, CM Peskin, MF Shegog, R Baumler, ER Addy, RC Thiel, M Escobar-Chaves, SL Robin, L Tortolero, SR AF Markham, Christine M. Peskin, Melissa F. Shegog, Ross Baumler, Elizabeth R. Addy, Robert C. Thiel, Melanie Escobar-Chaves, Soledad Liliana Robin, Leah Tortolero, Susan R. TI Behavioral and Psychosocial Effects of Two Middle School Sexual Health Education Programs at Tenth-Grade Follow-Up SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Sexual behavior; Intervention studies; Health education; Computer-based; Urban populations ID RISK-REDUCTION; TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; INTERVENTION; TRIAL; CURRICULUM; HIV AB Purpose: An earlier randomized controlled trial found that two middle school sexual education programs-a risk avoidance (RA) program and a risk reduction (RR) program-delayed initiation of sexual intercourse (oral, vaginal, or anal sex) and reduced other sexual risk behaviors in ninth grade. We examined whether these effects extended into 10th grade. Methods: Fifteen middle schools were randomly assigned to RA, RR, or control conditions. Follow-up surveys were conducted with participating students in 10th grade (n = 1,187; 29.2% attrition). Results: Participants were 60% female, 50% Hispanic, and 39% black; seventh grade mean age was 12.6 years. In 10th grade, compared with the control condition, both programs significantly delayed anal sex initiation in the total sample (RA: adjusted odds ratio [AOR],.64, 95% confidence interval [CI], .42-.99; RR: AOR, .65, 95% CI, .50-.84) and among Hispanics (RA: AOR, .53, 95% CI, .31-.91; RR: AOR, .82, 95% CI, .74-.93). Risk avoidance students were less likely to report unprotected vaginal sex, either by using a condom or by abstaining from sex (AOR: .61, 95% CI, .45-.85); RR students were less likely to report recent unprotected anal sex (AOR: .34, 95% CI, .20-.56). Both programs sustained positive impact on some psychosocial outcomes. Conclusions: Although both programs delayed anal sex initiation into 10th grade, effects on the delayed initiation of oral and vaginal sex were not sustained. Additional high school sexual education may help to further delay sexual initiation and reduce other sexual risk behaviors in later high school years. (C) 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Markham, Christine M.; Peskin, Melissa F.; Shegog, Ross; Baumler, Elizabeth R.; Addy, Robert C.; Thiel, Melanie; Tortolero, Susan R.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Escobar-Chaves, Soledad Liliana] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Markham, CM (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, 7000 Fannin St,Room 2616, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Christine.Markham@uth.tmc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U48DP000057]; United States Department of Health and Human Services, Adolescent Family Life [90XF0036] FX This study was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant 5U48DP000057 and by United States Department of Health and Human Services, Adolescent Family Life, Grant 90XF0036. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 151 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.10.204 PG 9 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 293KB UT WOS:000329968800006 PM 24445180 ER PT J AU Tyler, CP Whiteman, MK Kraft, JM Zapata, LB Hillis, SD Curtis, KM Anderson, J Pazol, K Marchbanks, PA AF Tyler, Crystal P. Whiteman, Maura K. Kraft, Joan Marie Zapata, Lauren B. Hillis, Susan D. Curtis, Kathryn M. Anderson, John Pazol, Karen Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Dual Use of Condoms With Other Contraceptive Methods Among Adolescents and Young Women in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Contraception; Dual method use; Sexual health; Reproductive health ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; URBAN MINORITY YOUTH; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; PROTECTION; ASSOCIATIONS; INCONSISTENT; DISEASES; CHOICE; ADULTS; HEALTH AB Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with dual method use (i.e., condom with hormonal contraception or an intrauterine device) among adolescents and young women in the United States. Methods: We used 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth data from 2,093 unmarried females aged 15-24 years and at risk for unintended pregnancy. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the associations between dual method use at last sex and sociodemographic, behavioral, reproductive history, and sexual behavior factors. Results: At last sex, 20.7% of adolescents and young women used dual methods, 34.4% used condoms alone, 29.1% used hormonal contraception or an intrauterine device alone, and 15.8% used another method or no method. Factors associated with decreased odds of dual method use versus dual method nonuse included having a previous pregnancy (aOR = .44, 95% CI .27-.69), not having health insurance coverage over the past 12 months (aOR = .41, 95% CI .19-.91), and having sex prior to age 16 (aOR = .49, 95% CI .30-.78). Conclusions: The prevalence of dual method use is low among adolescents and young women. Adolescents and young women who may have a higher risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (e.g., those with a previous pregnancy) were less likely to use dual methods at last sex. Interventions are needed to increase the correct and consistent use of dual methods among adolescents and young women who may be at greater risk for unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Tyler, Crystal P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tyler, Crystal P.; Whiteman, Maura K.; Kraft, Joan Marie; Zapata, Lauren B.; Hillis, Susan D.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Anderson, John; Pazol, Karen; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tyler, CP (reprint author), 2455 Woodlake Circle, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. EM ctyler@mphi.org NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.07.042 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 293KB UT WOS:000329968800008 PM 24074606 ER PT J AU Ford, CA Skiles, MP English, A Cai, JW Agans, RP Stokley, S Markowitz, L Koumans, EH AF Ford, Carol A. Skiles, Martha P. English, Abigail Cai, Jianwen Agans, Robert P. Stokley, Shannon Markowitz, Lauri Koumans, Emilia H. TI Minor Consent and Delivery of Adolescent Vaccines SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Vaccination; Adolescents; Adolescent health services; Informed consent by minors; Confidentiality; Privacy ID STATE VACCINATION COVERAGE; AGED 13-17 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; SERVICES; LEGAL; IMMUNIZATIONS AB Purpose: To explore whether, and to what extent, minor consent influences adolescent vaccine delivery in the United States. Methods: A telephone survey was completed by 263 professionals with responsibilities for adolescent health care and/or vaccination in 43 states. Measures included perceived frequency of unaccompanied minor visits and perceived likelihood of vaccine delivery to unaccompanied minors in hypothetical scenarios that varied by adolescent age, vaccine type, visit type, and clinical setting. Results: Among the 76 respondents most familiar with private primary care clinics, 47.1% reported perceptions that 17-year-old patients often present without a parent/legal guardian. Among the 104 respondents most familiar with public primary care clinics, 56.7% reported that 17-year-old patients often present alone. In response to hypothetical scenarios, approximately 30% of respondents familiar with private clinics and 50% of respondents familiar with public clinics reported perceptions that unaccompanied 17-year-old adolescents would not receive influenza, Tdap, or human papillomavirus vaccines during routine check-ups because they could not provide consent. Perceived likelihood of unaccompanied minors receiving vaccines when seen for confidential services in primary care, sexually transmitted disease, and Title X/family planning clinics varied significantly by vaccine type and clinical setting. On average, respondents reported that they would support minors having the ability to self-consent for vaccines at age 14. Conclusions: The inability of minors to consent for vaccines is likely one barrier to vaccination. Interventions to increase adolescent vaccination should consider strategies that increase the ability of unaccompanied minors, particularly older minors, to receive vaccines within the context of legal, ethical, and professional guidelines. (C) 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Ford, Carol A.] Univ Penn, Dept Pediat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ford, Carol A.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Skiles, Martha P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [English, Abigail] Ctr Adolescent Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cai, Jianwen; Agans, Robert P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Markowitz, Lauri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Koumans, Emilia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ford, CA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Perelman Sch Med, 12 NW 34th St & Civ Ctr Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM fordc@email.chop.edu FU North Carolina Division of Public Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding support was provided by North Carolina Division of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (principal investigator, Carol A. Ford). NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 IS 2 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.07.028 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 293KB UT WOS:000329968800010 PM 24074605 ER PT J AU Lucio-Forster, A Eberhard, ML Cama, VA Jenks, MH Jones, C Sanders, SY Pongratz, JP Bowman, DD AF Lucio-Forster, Araceli Eberhard, Mark L. Cama, Vitaliano A. Jenks, Mary H. Jones, Carroll Sanders, Sara Y. Pongratz, Jennifer P. Bowman, Dwight D. TI First report of Dracunculus insignis in two naturally infected cats from the northeastern USA SO JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NEMATODA-DRACUNCULOIDEA; ONTARIO; MEDINENSIS; CANADA AB Dracunculiasis is rarely reported in cats, yet over the last few years we have identified two cats with filarioid-like spirurid infections. Case 1 was a 9-year-old cat with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from New York tate from which four adult dracunculoid nematodes were isolated from its torso. Based on morphometric characteristics and parasite geographic distribution, the specimens were identified as Dracunculus insignis females; at least one of the females was gravid, suggestive of patent infection. Species identification was confirmed through amplification and sequence analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial loci. Case 2 was a 14-year-old diabetic cat from Massachusetts. Formalin-fixed sections were obtained from a subcutaneous mass excised from the left foreleg. Histopathological examination revealed a large nematode with morphometrical characteristics of Dracunculus, surrounded by lymphocytes and sheets of eosinophils. These two cases appear to be the first published reports of dracunculiasis in domestic cats in the USA, and based on the findings from case 1, D insignis may be the species associated with both infections. C1 [Lucio-Forster, Araceli; Bowman, Dwight D.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Eberhard, Mark L.; Cama, Vitaliano A.; Jenks, Mary H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Carroll] Idexx, North Grafton, NY USA. [Sanders, Sara Y.] Mendon Village Anim Hosp, Mendon, NY USA. [Pongratz, Jennifer P.] Pembroke Anim Hosp, Pembroke, MI USA. RP Lucio-Forster, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Campus Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM AL33@cornell.edu NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1098-612X EI 1532-2750 J9 J FELINE MED SURG JI J. Feline Med. Surg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 194 EP 197 DI 10.1177/1098612X13502976 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 291IS UT WOS:000329823000018 PM 24027052 ER PT J AU Klugman, KP Bentley, SD McGee, L AF Klugman, Keith P. Bentley, Stephen D. McGee, Lesley TI Determinants of Invasiveness Beneath the Capsule of the Pneumococcus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE pneumococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; invasiveness ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE C1 [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bentley, Stephen D.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Bentley, Stephen D.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. RP Klugman, KP (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd,Rm 6009, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM keith.klugman@emory.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 209 IS 3 BP 321 EP 322 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit483 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 292SE UT WOS:000329921700003 PM 24009157 ER PT J AU Bradley, H Markowitz, LE Gibson, T McQuillan, GM AF Bradley, Heather Markowitz, Lauri E. Gibson, Theda McQuillan, Geraldine M. TI Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2-United States, 1999-2010 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE HSV-1; HSV-2; herpes simplex virus; genital herpes; adolescents; NHANES ID GENITAL HERPES; UNITED-STATES; GLYCOPROTEIN-G; INFECTION; ANTIBODIES; TRENDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VACCINE; HSV-1; WOMEN AB Background. Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are common infections with serious sequelae. HSV-1 is an increasingly important cause of genital herpes in industrialized countries. Methods. Using nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence among 14- to 49-year-olds in the United States. We estimated seroprevalence in 1999-2004 and 2005-2010, stratified by sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behaviors. We also reviewed HSV-1 and HSV-2 seroprevalence from 1976-1980 to 2005-2010. Results. In 2005-2010, the seroprevalence of HSV-1 was 53.9%, and the seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 15.7%. From 1999-2004 to 2005-2010, HSV-1 seroprevalence declined by nearly 7% (P < .01), but HSV-2 seroprevalence did not change significantly. The largest decline in HSV-1 seroprevalence from 1999-2004 to 2005-2010 was observed among adolescents aged 14-19 years, among whom seroprevalence declined by nearly 23%, from 39.0% to 30.1% (P < .01). In this age group, HSV-1 seroprevalence declined > 29% from 1976-1980 to 2005-2010 (P < .01). Conclusions. An increasing number of adolescents lack HSV-1 antibodies at sexual debut. In the absence of declines in HSV-2 infections, the prevalence of genital herpes may increase. C1 [Bradley, Heather; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gibson, Theda] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [McQuillan, Geraldine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bradley, H (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk5@cdc.gov FU National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, and the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 209 IS 3 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.1093/infdis/jit458 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 292SE UT WOS:000329921700005 PM 24136792 ER PT J AU Qi, YP Do, AN Hamner, HC Pfeiffer, CM Berry, RJ AF Qi, Yan Ping Do, Ann N. Hamner, Heather C. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Berry, Robert J. TI The Prevalence of Low Serum Vitamin B-12 Status in the Absence of Anemia or Macrocytosis Did Not Increase among Older US Adults after Mandatory Folic Acid Fortification SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; PERNICIOUS-ANEMIA; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; FOLATE; AMERICANS; HISTORY AB Whether folic acid fortification and supplementation at the population level have led to a higher prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency in the absence of anemia remains to be examined among a nationally representative sample of older U.S. adults. We assessed the prevalence of low vitamin B-12 status in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis before and after fortification among adults aged > 50 y using cross-sectional data from the NHANES 1991-1994 (prefortification) and 2001-2006 (postfortification). We compared the prefortification and postfortification prevalence of multiple outcomes, including serum vitamin B-12 deficiency (< 148 pmol/L) and marginal deficiency (148-258 pmol/L) with and without anemia (hemoglobin < 130 g/L for men, < 120 g/L for women) and with and without macrocytosis (mean cell volume > 100 fL) using multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, C-reactive protein, and vitamin B-12 supplement use. Prefortification and postfortification serum vitamin B-12 deficiency without anemia [4.0 vs. 3.9%; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) (95% Cl): 0.98 (0.67, 1.44)] or without macrocytosis [4.2 vs. 4.1%; aPR (95% Cl): 0.96 (0.65, 1.43)] remained unchanged. Marginal deficiency without anemia [25.1 vs. 20.7%; aPR (95% Cl): 0.82 (0.72, 0.95)] or without macrocytosis [25.9 vs. 21.3%; aPR (95% Cl): 0.82 (0.72, 0.94)] were both significantly lower after fortification. After fortification, higher folic acid intake was associated with a lower prevalence of low serum B-12 status in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis. Results suggest that the prevalence of low serum B-12 status in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis among older U.S. adults did not increase after fortification. Thus, at the population level, we found no evidence to support concerns that folic acid adversely affected the clinical presentation of vitamin B-12 deficiency among older adults. C1 [Qi, Yan Ping; Do, Ann N.; Hamner, Heather C.; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Qi, YP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM irv7@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU CDC FX Supported by the CDC and in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. Findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 144 IS 2 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.3945/jn.113.183095 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 294XF UT WOS:000330080500009 PM 24306216 ER PT J AU Phillips, AT Schountz, T Toth, AM Rico, AB Jarvis, DL Powers, AM Olson, KE AF Phillips, Aaron T. Schountz, Tony Toth, Ann M. Rico, Amber B. Jarvis, Donald L. Powers, Ann M. Olson, Ken E. TI Liposome-Antigen-Nucleic Acid Complexes Protect Mice from Lethal Challenge with Western and Eastern Equine Encephalitis Viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; T-CELL RESPONSES; DNA COMPLEXES; ALPHAVIRUS ENCEPHALITIS; POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SINDBIS-VIRUS; VACCINE; INTERFERON; INFECTION AB Alphaviruses are mosquito-borne viruses that cause significant disease in animals and humans. Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) and eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), two New World alphaviruses, can cause fatal encephalitis, and EEEV is a select agent of concern in biodefense. However, we have no antiviral therapies against alphaviral disease, and current vaccine strategies target only a single alphavirus species. In an effort to develop new tools for a broader response to outbreaks, we designed and tested a novel alphavirus vaccine comprised of cationic lipid nucleic acid complexes (CLNCs) and the ectodomain of WEEV E1 protein (E1ecto). Interestingly, we found that the CLNC component, alone, had therapeutic efficacy, as it increased survival of CD-1 mice following lethal WEEV infection. Immunization with the CLNC-WEEV E1ecto mixture (lipid-antigennucleic acid complexes [LANACs]) using a prime-boost regimen provided 100% protection in mice challenged with WEEV subcutaneously, intranasally, or via mosquito. Mice immunized with LANACs mounted a strong humoral immune response but did not produce neutralizing antibodies. Passive transfer of serum from LANAC E1ecto-immunized mice to nonimmune CD-1 mice conferred protection against WEEV challenge, indicating that antibody is sufficient for protection. In addition, the LANAC E1ecto immunization protocol significantly increased survival of mice following intranasal or subcutaneous challenge with EEEV. In summary, our LANAC formulation has therapeutic potential and is an effective vaccine strategy that offers protection against two distinct species of alphavirus irrespective of the route of infection. We discuss plausible mechanisms as well the potential utility of our LANAC formulation as a pan-alphavirus vaccine. C1 [Phillips, Aaron T.; Schountz, Tony; Rico, Amber B.; Olson, Ken E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Toth, Ann M.; Jarvis, Donald L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Olson, KE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kenneth.olson@colostate.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 AI46435]; Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases [AI065357] FX This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01 AI46435) and the Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases (AI065357). NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 88 IS 3 BP 1771 EP 1780 DI 10.1128/JVI.02297-13 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 291UU UT WOS:000329857000032 PM 24257615 ER PT J AU Singleton, RJ Valery, PC Morris, P Byrnes, CA Grimwood, K Redding, G Torzillo, PJ McCallum, G Chikoyak, L Mobberly, C Holman, RC Chang, AB AF Singleton, Rosalyn J. Valery, Patricia C. Morris, Peter Byrnes, Catherine A. Grimwood, Keith Redding, Gregory Torzillo, Paul J. McCallum, Gabrielle Chikoyak, Lori Mobberly, Charmaine Holman, Robert C. Chang, Anne B. TI Indigenous Children From Three Countries With Non-Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease/Bronchiectasis SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Article DE indigenous population; bronchiectasis; chronic suppurative lung diseases; pneumonia ID ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-INFECTION; NEW-ZEALAND; RURAL ALASKA; RISK-FACTORS; BRONCHIECTASIS; DISEASE; HOSPITALIZATION; FEATURES AB ObjectiveIndigenous children in developed countries are at increased risk of chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD), including bronchiectasis. We evaluated sociodemographic and medical factors in indigenous children with CSLD/bronchiectasis from Australia, United States (US), and New Zealand (NZ). MethodsIndigenous children aged 0.5-8 years with CSLD/bronchiectasis were enrolled from specialist clinics in Australia (n=97), Alaska (n=41), and NZ (n=42) during 2004-2009, and followed for 1-5 years. Research staff administered standardized parent interviews, reviewed medical histories and performed physical examinations at enrollment. ResultsStudy children in all three countries had poor housing and sociodemographic circumstances at enrollment. Except for increased household crowding, most poverty indices in study participants were similar to those reported for their respective local indigenous populations. However, compared to their local indigenous populations, study children were more often born prematurely and had both an increased frequency and earlier onset of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs). Most (95%) study participants had prior ALRI hospitalizations and 77% reported a chronic cough in the past year. Significant differences (wheeze, ear disease and plumbed water) between countries were present. DiscussionIndigenous children with CSLD/bronchiectasis from three developed countries experience significant disparities in poverty indices in common with their respective indigenous population; however, household crowding, prematurity and early ALRIs were more common in study children than their local indigenous population. Addressing equity, especially by preventing prematurity and ALRIs, should reduce risk of CSLD/bronchiectasis in indigenous children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:189-200. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Singleton, Rosalyn J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Singleton, Rosalyn J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Valery, Patricia C.; Morris, Peter; McCallum, Gabrielle; Chang, Anne B.] Charles Darwin Univ, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Byrnes, Catherine A.; Mobberly, Charmaine] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Byrnes, Catherine A.; Mobberly, Charmaine] Starship Childrens Hosp, Auckland, New Zealand. [Grimwood, Keith; Chang, Anne B.] Univ Queensland, Royal Childrens Hosp, Queensland Childrens Med Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Redding, Gregory] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Torzillo, Paul J.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chikoyak, Lori] Yukon Kuskokwim Hlth Corp, Bethel, AK USA. [Holman, Robert C.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Singleton, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ris2@cdc.gov FU National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) [389837, 1040830]; Telstra Foundation (seeding grant-Telstra Community Development Grant, 2004); Australian Research Council [100100511]; Australian NHMRC [545216]; Health Research Council of New Zealand [08/158]; Asthma and Respiratory Foundation of New Zealand; Auckland Medical Research Foundation, NZ [81542]; National Institutes of Health, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [U26IHS3000001/01] FX National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC), Numbers: 389837, 1040830, Telstra Foundation (seeding grant-Telstra Community Development Grant, 2004), Australian Research Council Future Fellowship, Number: 100100511, Australian NHMRC Fellowship, Number: 545216, Health Research Council of New Zealand, Number: 08/158, Asthma and Respiratory Foundation of New Zealand, Auckland Medical Research Foundation, NZ, Number: 81542, National Institutes of Health, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Number: U26IHS3000001/01. NR 56 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8755-6863 EI 1099-0496 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 49 IS 2 BP 189 EP 200 DI 10.1002/ppul.22763 PG 12 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA 293UN UT WOS:000329999300014 PM 23401398 ER PT J AU Mohamed, AS Levine, M Camp, JW Lund, E Yoder, JS Glickman, LT Moore, GE AF Mohamed, Ahmed S. Levine, Michael Camp, Joseph W., Jr. Lund, Elisabeth Yoder, Jonathan S. Glickman, Larry T. Moore, George E. TI Temporal patterns of human and canine Giardia infection in the United States: 2003-2009 SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Ecological study; Giardia spp.; Infectious disease; Protozoa; Temporal; Surveillance; Zoonosis ID TIME-SERIES; PET DOGS; SURVEILLANCE; CATS; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAK AB Giardia protozoa have been suspected to be of zoonotic transmission, including transmission from companion animals such as pet dogs to humans. Patterns of infection have been previously described for dogs and humans, but such investigations have used different time periods and locations for these two species. Our objective was to describe and compare the overall trend and seasonality of Giardia species infection among dogs and humans in the United States from 2003 through 2009 in an ecological study using public health surveillance data and medical records of pet dogs visiting a large nationwide private veterinary hospital. Canine data were obtained from all dogs visiting Banfield hospitals in the United States with fecal test results for Giardia species, from January 2003 through December 2009. Incidence data of human cases from the same time period were obtained from the CDC. Descriptive time plots, a seasonal trend decomposition (STL) procedure, and seasonal autoregressive moving-average (SARIMA) models were used to assess the temporal characteristics of Giardia infection in the two species. Canine incidence showed a gradual decline from 2003 to 2009 with no significant/distinct regular seasonal component. By contrast, human incidence showed a stable annual rate with a significant regular seasonal cycle, peaking in August and September. Different temporal patterns in human and canine Giardia cases observed in this study suggest that the epidemiological disease processes underlying both series might be different, and Giardia transmission between humans and their companion dogs seems uncommon. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohamed, Ahmed S.; Camp, Joseph W., Jr.; Moore, George E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Levine, Michael] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lund, Elisabeth] Banfield Pet Hosp, Portland, OR USA. [Yoder, Jonathan S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glickman, Larry T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Moore, GE (reprint author), 725 Harrison St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM gemoore@purdue.edu OI Levine, Michael/0000-0002-1060-5711 NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 2 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.11.006 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 293DL UT WOS:000329951500010 PM 24309130 ER PT J AU Asfaw, AG Chang, CC Ray, TK AF Asfaw, Abay G. Chang, Chia C. Ray, Tapas K. TI Workplace Mistreatment and Sickness Absenteeism From Work: Results From the 2010 National Health Interview Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE count data models; NHIS; sickness absenteeism; workplace mistreatment ID MEASURING EXPOSURE; ABSENCE; ENVIRONMENT; HARASSMENT; REGRESSION; OUTCOMES; PREVALENCE; EMPLOYEES; VALIDITY; IMPACT AB ObjectiveThis study examined the association between workplace mistreatment and occurrence, duration, and costs of sickness absenteeism. MethodsWe used the 2010 National Health Interview Survey and considered 13,807 employed adult respondents. We used a zero-inflated negative binomial (zinb) model to examine the association between exposure to workplace mistreatment and the occurrence and number of workdays missed due to illness/injury in the preceding 12 months. ResultsIn 2010, 7.6% of US workers employed at the time of the survey reported having been mistreated at their workplace. Both occurrence and duration of sickness absence were higher for mistreated than for non-mistreated workers. The zinb results showed that being mistreated was associated with a 42% increase in the number of missed workdays, controlling for covariates. The marginal effect analysis showed that lost workdays differed by 2.45 days between mistreated and non-mistreated workers. This implies that workplace mistreatment was associated with $4.1 billion, or 5.5%, of sickness absenteeism costs in 2010. ConclusionsWorkplace mistreatment is associated with sickness absence in the United States. While a causal relationship could not be established due to the cross-sectional design of the study, this study reveals the economic importance of developing workplace mistreatment prevention strategies. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:202-213, 2014. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Asfaw, Abay G.; Chang, Chia C.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Ray, Tapas K.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Asfaw, AG (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, 395 E St SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM hqp0@cdc.gov NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 57 IS 2 BP 202 EP 213 DI 10.1002/ajim.22273 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 286YP UT WOS:000329505500008 PM 24166763 ER PT J AU Cruz, AT Starke, JR Lobato, MN AF Cruz, Andrea T. Starke, Jeffrey R. Lobato, Mark N. TI Old and new approaches to diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis in children in low-incidence countries SO CURRENT OPINION IN PEDIATRICS LA English DT Review DE interferon gamma release assay; latent tuberculosis infection; targeted testing; tuberculosis prevention ID RISK ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE; GAMMA RELEASE ASSAYS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; THERAPY; ADHERENCE; RIFAPENTINE AB Purpose of reviewThe primary purpose is to review guidance on the testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in children. Most children and adults with LTBI have positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) results, normal examinations, and normal chest radiographs. Diagnosis of and treatment completion for LTBI are critical to diminish future cases of tuberculosis (TB) disease.Recent findingsChildren should be screened for TB risk factors, and only children with risk factors should be tested with either a TST or an IGRA. IGRAs measure interferon gamma production by lymphocytes after they are stimulated ex vivo by antigens that are primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific. The foundation of LTBI therapy in the United States has been 9 months of daily isoniazid, but shorter treatment regimens now exist, including a 12-dose regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine. These shorter regimens are associated with higher completion rates.SummaryThere are two distinct modalities for LTBI diagnosis and several treatment regimens that can prevent TB disease in infected children. The selection of treatment regimen should take several factors into consideration, including adherence, drug susceptibility results of the presumed source case (if known), safety, cost, and patient preference. C1 [Cruz, Andrea T.; Starke, Jeffrey R.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lobato, Mark N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lobato, MN (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Program, 410 Capitol Ave,Mail Stop 11-TUB,POB 340308, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. EM mark.lobato@ct.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8703 EI 1531-698X J9 CURR OPIN PEDIATR JI CURR. OPIN. PEDIATR. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000049 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 286DC UT WOS:000329444200016 PM 24299911 ER PT J AU Carter, MD Crow, BS Pantazides, BG Watson, CM deCastro, BR Thomas, JD Blake, TA Johnson, RC AF Carter, Melissa D. Crow, Brian S. Pantazides, Brooke G. Watson, Caroline M. deCastro, B. Rey Thomas, Jerry D. Blake, Thomas A. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Profiling Cholinesterase Adduction: A High-Throughput Prioritization Method for Organophosphate Exposure Samples SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING LA English DT Article DE butyrylcholinesterase; high-throughput screening; organophosphorus nerve agent; cholinesterase inhibitors; sample prioritization; ballistic gradient ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; QUANTIFICATION AB A high-throughput prioritization method was developed for use with a validated confirmatory method detecting organophosphorus nerve agent exposure by immunomagnetic separation high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. A ballistic gradient was incorporated into this analytical method to profile unadducted butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in clinical samples. With Zhang et al.'s Z factor of 0.88 +/- 0.01 (SD) of control analytes and Z factor of 0.25 +/- 0.06 (SD) of serum samples, the assay is rated an excellent assay for the synthetic peptide controls used and a double assay when used to prioritize clinical samples. Hits, defined as samples containing BChE Ser-198 adducts or no BChE present, were analyzed in a confirmatory method for identification and quantitation of the BChE adduct, if present. The ability to prioritize samples by highest exposure for confirmatory analysis is of particular importance in an exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors such as organophosphorus nerve agents, in which a large number of clinical samples may be collected. In an initial blind screen, 67 of 70 samples were accurately identified, giving an assay accuracy of 96%, and it yielded no false-negatives. The method is the first to provide a high-throughput prioritization assay for profiling adduction of Ser-198 BChE in clinical samples. C1 [Carter, Melissa D.; Crow, Brian S.; deCastro, B. Rey; Thomas, Jerry D.; Blake, Thomas A.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pantazides, Brooke G.; Watson, Caroline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmj6@cdc.gov OI Blake, Thomas/0000-0001-8536-9998 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CDC IAA: OT12-010] FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by Defense Threat Reduction Agency contract CDC IAA: OT12-010. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1087-0571 EI 1552-454X J9 J BIOMOL SCREEN JI J. Biomol. Screen PD FEB PY 2014 VL 19 IS 2 BP 325 EP 330 DI 10.1177/1087057113497799 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 290QP UT WOS:000329773700015 PM 23954929 ER PT J AU Pillai, SK Noe, RS Murphy, MW Vaidyanathan, A Young, R Kieszak, S Freymann, G Smith, W Drenzek, C Lewis, L Wolkin, AF AF Pillai, Satish K. Noe, Rebecca S. Murphy, Matthew W. Vaidyanathan, Ambarish Young, Randall Kieszak, Stephanie Freymann, Gordon Smith, Wendy Drenzek, Cherie Lewis, Lauren Wolkin, Amy F. TI Heat Illness: Predictors of Hospital Admissions Among Emergency Department Visits-Georgia, 2002-2008 SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Heat illness; Emergency department; Hospitalization; Predictors ID WAVE; MORTALITY; IMPACT AB Heat-related illnesses (HRI) are the most frequent cause of environmental exposure-related injury treated in US emergency departments (ED). While most individuals with HRI evaluated in EDs are discharged to home, understanding predictors of individuals hospitalized with HRI may help public health practitioners and medical providers identify high risk groups who would benefit from educational outreach. We analyzed data collected by the Georgia Department of Public Health, Office of Health Indicators for Planning, regarding ED and hospital discharges for HRI, as identified by ICD-9 codes, between 2002 and 2008 to determine characteristics of individuals receiving care in EDs. Temperature data from CDC's Environmental Public Health Tracking Network were linked to the dataset to determine if ED visits occurred during an extreme heat event (EHE). A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to determine characteristics predicting hospitalization versus ED discharge using demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, socioeconomic status, the public health district of residence, and the presence of an EHE. Men represented the majority of ED visits (75 %) and hospitalizations (78 %). In the multivariable model, the odds of admission versus ED discharge with an associated HRI increased with age among both men and women, and odds were higher among residents of specific public health districts, particularly in the southern part of the state. Educational efforts targeting the specific risk groups identified by this study may help reduce the burden of hospitalization due to HRI in the state of Georgia. C1 [Pillai, Satish K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Noe, Rebecca S.; Murphy, Matthew W.; Vaidyanathan, Ambarish; Young, Randall; Kieszak, Stephanie; Lewis, Lauren; Wolkin, Amy F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Freymann, Gordon; Smith, Wendy; Drenzek, Cherie] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Pillai, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-18, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vig8@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 39 IS 1 BP 90 EP 98 DI 10.1007/s10900-013-9743-4 PG 9 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 289BC UT WOS:000329655100012 PM 23934476 ER PT J AU Barbour, K Harrison, S Ensrud, K Cawthon, P Lane, N Dam, TT Zmuda, J Cummings, S Cauley, J AF Barbour, Kamil Harrison, Stephanie Ensrud, Kristine Cawthon, Peggy Lane, Nancy Dam, Thuy-Tien Zmuda, Joseph Cummings, Steven Cauley, Jane TI Inflammatory Markers and Change in Bone Mineral Density among Older Men. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-15, 2014 CL Houston, TX SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Barbour, Kamil] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harrison, Stephanie] San Francisco Coordinating Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ensrud, Kristine; Cummings, Steven] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ensrud, Kristine] Minneapolis VA Hlth Care Syst, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cawthon, Peggy] Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Lane, Nancy] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Dam, Thuy-Tien] Columbia Univ, Div Geriatr Med & Aging, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Zmuda, Joseph; Cauley, Jane] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 29 SU 1 MA SU0324 BP S304 EP S305 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CK9ZS UT WOS:000356598702013 ER PT J AU Fan, B Lian, M Powers, C Isfahani, NS Patel, M Shepherd, J AF Fan, Bo Lian, Meng Powers, Cassidy Isfahani, Neda Sarafrazi Patel, Mita Shepherd, John TI Subject Position on Accuracy of Vertebral Measurement SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-15, 2014 CL Houston, TX SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Fan, Bo; Lian, Meng; Powers, Cassidy; Shepherd, John] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Isfahani, Neda Sarafrazi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Patel, Mita] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 29 SU 1 MA SU0293 BP S294 EP S295 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CK9ZS UT WOS:000356598701599 ER PT J AU Rossen, LM AF Rossen, Lauren M. TI Neighbourhood economic deprivation explains racial/ethnic disparities in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in the USA SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Inequalities; Multilevel Modelling; Obesity; Poverty; Child Health ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BRIEF CONCEPTUAL TUTORIAL; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; UNITED-STATES; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; HEALTH DISPARITIES; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION; BUILT ENVIRONMENTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB Background Low-income and some racial and ethnic subpopulations are more likely to suffer from obesity. Inequities in the physical and social environment may contribute to disparities in paediatric obesity, but there is little empirical evidence to date. This study explored whether neighbourhood-level socioeconomic factors attenuate racial and ethnic disparities in obesity among youth in the USA and whether individual-level socioeconomic status (SES) interacts with neighbourhood deprivation. Methods This analysis used data from 17100 youth ages 2-18years participating in the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked to census tract-level socioeconomic characteristics. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine neighbourhood deprivation in association with odds of obesity (age-specific and sex-specific body mass index percentile 95). Results The unadjusted prevalence of obesity was 15% among non-Hispanic white children and 21% among non-Hispanic black and Mexican-American children. Adjustment for individual-level SES neighbourhood deprivation and the interaction between these two factors resulted in a 74% attenuation of the disparity in obesity between non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children and a 49% attenuation of the disparity between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white children. There was a significant interaction between individual-level SES and neighbourhood deprivation where higher individual-level income was protective for children living in low-deprivation neighbourhoods, but not for children who lived in high-deprivation areas. Conversely, area deprivation was associated with higher odds of obesity, but only among children who were above the poverty threshold. Conclusions Future research on disparities in obesity and other health outcomes should examine broader contextual factors and social determinants of inequities. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Rossen, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6114, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lrossen@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 10 U2 59 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X EI 1470-2738 J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD FEB PY 2014 VL 68 IS 2 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1136/jech-2012-202245 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 286SB UT WOS:000329487900004 PM 24072744 ER PT J AU Landsittel, D Zhuang, Z Newcomb, W Ann, RB AF Landsittel, D. Zhuang, Z. Newcomb, W. Ann, R. Berry TI Determining Sample Size and a Passing Criterion for Respirator Fit-Test Panels SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE fit-test panels; fit-testing; sample size ID WORKPLACE PROTECTION FACTORS; HEALTH-CARE ENVIRONMENT; EXPOSURE AB Few studies have proposed methods for sample size determination and specification of passing criterion (e.g., number needed to pass from a given size panel) for respirator fit-tests. One approach is to account for between- and within- subject variability, and thus take full advantage of the multiple donning measurements within subject, using a random effects model. The corresponding sample size calculation, however, may be difficult to implement in practice, as it depends on the model-specific and test panel-specific variance estimates, and thus does not yield a single sample size or specific cutoff for number needed to pass. A simple binomial approach is therefore proposed to simultaneously determine both the required sample size and the optimal cutoff for the number of subjects needed to achieve a passing result. The method essentially conducts a global search of the type I and type II errors under different null and alternative hypotheses, across the range of possible sample sizes, to find the lowest sample size which yields at least one cutoff satisfying, or approximately satisfying all pre-determined limits for the different error rates. Benchmark testing of 98 respirators (conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) is used to illustrate the binomial approach and show how sample size estimates from the random effects model can vary substantially depending on estimated variance components. For the binomial approach, probability calculations show that a sample size of 35 to 40 yields acceptable error rates under different null and alternative hypotheses. For the random effects model, the required sample sizes are generally smaller, but can vary substantially based on the estimate variance components. Overall, despite some limitations, the binomial approach represents a highly practical approach with reasonable statistical properties. C1 [Landsittel, D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Ctr Res Hlth Care Data Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Zhuang, Z.; Newcomb, W.; Ann, R. Berry] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Zhuang, Z (reprint author), NIOSH, Technol Res Branch, NPPTL, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,Bldg 13,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM zaz3@cdc.gov RI Zhuang, Ziqing/K-5462-2012 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.843780 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 278GM UT WOS:000328877200004 PM 24369929 ER PT J AU Lemons, AR Siegel, PD Mhike, M Law, BF Hettick, JM Bledsoe, TA Nayak, AP Beezhold, DH Green, BJ AF Lemons, Angela R. Siegel, Paul D. Mhike, Morgen Law, Brandon F. Hettick, Justin M. Bledsoe, Toni A. Nayak, Ajay P. Beezhold, Donald H. Green, Brett J. TI A Murine Monoclonal Antibody with Broad Specificity for Occupationally Relevant Diisocyanates SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE diisocyanate; monoclonal antibody; occupational asthma; immunoassay ID TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE; 4,4'-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE; 4,4-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE; ISOCYANATE EXPOSURES; HAPTENATED PROTEINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IGM ANTIBODIES; SERUM-ALBUMIN; ADDUCTS; WORKERS AB Diisocyanates (dNCOs) used in industrial applications are well known low molecular weight allergens. Occupational exposure is associated with adverse health outcomes including allergic sensitization and occupational asthma. In this study, we report the production and initial characterization of a dNCO-hapten specific murine IgM monoclonal antibody (mAb). Female BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 25g of 4,4-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Following six biweekly booster immunizations, splenocytes were recovered and fused to Sp2/0-Ag14 murine myeloma cell line for hybridoma production. Hybridomas were then screened in a solid-phase indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against 40:1 4,4-MDI- human serum albumin (HSA). mAb reactivity to dNCO-HSA conjugates and dNCO-HSA spiked human serum were characterized using a sandwich ELISA. One hybridoma produced a multimeric IgM mAb (15D4) that reacted with 4,4-MDI-HSA. Sandwich ELISA analysis demonstrated comparable reactivity with other occupationally relevant dNCO-HSA adducts, including 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-HSA, 2,6-TDI-HSA, and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-HSA, but not other electrophilic chemical HSA conjugates. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of 4,4-MDI-HSA, 2,4-TDI-HSA, 2,6-TDI-HSA, and 1,6-HDI-HSA sandwich ELISAs were 567.2, 172.7, 184.2, and 403.5ng/mL (8.67, 2.60, 2.77, and 6.07 pmol/mL), respectively. In contrast, experiments using dNCO-supplemented human sera showed an increase in the detectable limit of the assay. A mAb has been produced that has potential utility for detecting mixed diisocyanate exposures in occupational environments. The mAb may have additional utility in the standardization of specific IgE detection immunoassays as well as chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods to enrich dNCO adducted HSA in the plasma of occupationally exposed workers. C1 [Lemons, Angela R.; Siegel, Paul D.; Mhike, Morgen; Law, Brandon F.; Hettick, Justin M.; Bledsoe, Toni A.; Nayak, Ajay P.; Beezhold, Donald H.; Green, Brett J.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Green, BJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM dox6@cdc.gov OI Lemons, Angela/0000-0003-3057-9888 FU NIEHS IAA [AES 12007-00100000] FX The findings and the conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The authors declare no conflict of interest. This study was supported in part by an interagency agreement with NIEHS IAA# AES 12007-00100000. This article is not subject to US copyright law. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 101 EP 110 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.843783 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 278GM UT WOS:000328877200007 PM 24369932 ER PT J AU Bergman, MS Zhuang, ZQ Hanson, D Heimbuch, BK McDonald, MJ Palmiero, AJ Shaffer, RE Harnish, D Husband, M Wander, JD AF Bergman, Michael S. Zhuang, Ziqing Hanson, David Heimbuch, Brian K. McDonald, Michael J. Palmiero, Andrew J. Shaffer, Ronald E. Harnish, Delbert Husband, Michael Wander, Joseph D. TI Development of an Advanced Respirator Fit-Test Headform SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE N95; fit-test; headform; N95 respirator; advanced headform ID FILTERING-FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; WORKPLACE PROTECTION FACTORS; TOTAL INWARD LEAKAGE; FACE SEAL LEAKAGE; FITTING CHARACTERISTICS; PERFORMANCE; PENETRATION; WORKERS AB Improved respirator test headforms are needed to measure the fit of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) for protection studies against viable airborne particles. A Static (i.e., non-moving, non-speaking) Advanced Headform (StAH) was developed for evaluating the fit of N95 FFRs. The StAH was developed based on the anthropometric dimensions of a digital headform reported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and has a silicone polymer skin with defined local tissue thicknesses. Quantitative fit factor evaluations were performed on seven N95 FFR models of various sizes and designs. Donnings were performed with and without a pre-test leak checking method. For each method, four replicate FFR samples of each of the seven models were tested with two donnings per replicate, resulting in a total of 56 tests per donning method. Each fit factor evaluation was comprised of three 86-sec exercises: Normal Breathing (NB, 11.2 liters per min (lpm)), Deep Breathing (DB, 20.4 lpm), then NB again. A fit factor for each exercise and an overall test fit factor were obtained. Analysis of variance methods were used to identify statistical differences among fit factors (analyzed as logarithms) for different FFR models, exercises, and testing methods. For each FFR model and for each testing method, the NB and DB fit factor data were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Significant differences were seen in the overall exercise fit factor data for the two donning methods among all FFR models (pooled data) and in the overall exercise fit factor data for the two testing methods within certain models. Utilization of the leak checking method improved the rate of obtaining overall exercise fit factors 100. The FFR models, which are expected to achieve overall fit factors 100 on human subjects, achieved overall exercise fit factors 100 on the StAH. Further research is needed to evaluate the correlation of FFRs fitted on the StAH to FFRs fitted on people. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene for the following free supplemental resource: a file providing detailed information on the advanced head form design and fabrication process.] C1 [Bergman, Michael S.; Zhuang, Ziqing; Palmiero, Andrew J.; Shaffer, Ronald E.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Hanson, David] Hanson Robot Inc, Plano, TX USA. [Heimbuch, Brian K.; McDonald, Michael J.; Harnish, Delbert] Appl Res Associates Inc, Panama City, FL USA. [Husband, Michael] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Biomed Adv Res & Dev Author, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Wander, Joseph D.] Air Force Res Lab, Tyndall AFB, FL USA. RP Zhuang, ZQ (reprint author), NIOSH, Technol Res Branch, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,Bldg 13,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM zaz3@cdc.gov RI Shaffer, Ronald/I-2134-2012; Zhuang, Ziqing/K-5462-2012 FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) through Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) through an interagency agreement with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.816434 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 278GM UT WOS:000328877200009 PM 24369934 ER PT J AU Ceballos, DM Tapp, LC Wiegand, DM AF Ceballos, Diana M. Tapp, Loren C. Wiegand, Douglas M. TI Evaluation of Cut-resistant Sleeves and Possible Fiberglass Fiber Shedding at a Steel Mill SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VITREOUS FIBERS; GLASS-FIBERS; DERMATITIS C1 [Ceballos, Diana M.; Tapp, Loren C.; Wiegand, Douglas M.] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ceballos, DM (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4674 Columbia Pkwy,MSR 11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP D28 EP D33 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.852283 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 278GM UT WOS:000328877200002 PM 24369936 ER PT J AU Gomez-Puerta, LA Lopez-Urbina, MT Alarcon, V Cama, V Gonzalez, AE Xiao, LH AF Gomez-Puerta, Luis A. Lopez-Urbina, Maria T. Alarcon, Virgilio Cama, Vitaliano Gonzalez, Armando E. Xiao, Lihua TI Occurrence of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in alpacas in the Andean region SO PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Alpaca; Cria; Giardia duodenalis; Diarrhea ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; DAIRY-COWS; GENOTYPES; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INTESTINALIS; PREVALENCE; FARMS; GENE AB In this study, 352 fecal samples were analyzed for G. duodenalis from alpaca mothers and crias from three different areas of highland in Peru. The triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene of Giardia was amplified using a nested PCR protocol. Forty-six G. duodenalis-PCR positive samples were sequenced. G. duodenalis assemblage A was the most frequent followed by assemblage E. The former was seen in 37 animals whereas the latter was seen in nine. Most of the assemblage A infections were caused by the A1 subtype of sub-assemblage A1, except for three, which were caused by the A2 subtype of sub-assemblage AI. Assemblage A was found in all three geographic regions, while assemblage E was detected in crias from two regions. Among the four alpaca mothers positive for Giardia, three had assemblage AI and one had assemblage All. Results of this study indicate that possible zoonotic transmission human to alpacas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gomez-Puerta, Luis A.; Lopez-Urbina, Maria T.; Gonzalez, Armando E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. [Cama, Vitaliano] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Fac Agron & Zootecnia, Cuzco, Peru. [Cama, Vitaliano; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gomez-Puerta, LA (reprint author), Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lab Med Vet Prevent, Av Circunvalac 2800, Lima 14, Peru. EM lucho92@yahoo.com RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Gomez-Puerta, Luis/0000-0002-7909-979X FU training grant Fogarty/NIH [D43TW008273]; International Foundation for Science (IFS grant) [B/5225-1] FX We are indebted to Dr. Danilo Pezo (Instituto Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura, UNMSM) for your support in this study. Luis Gomez-Puerta is supported by a training grant Fogarty/NIH (grant D43TW008273) and the alpaca work was supported by the International Foundation for Science (IFS grant B/5225-1). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1383-5769 J9 PARASITOL INT JI Parasitol. Int. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.parint.2013.10.003 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 278UM UT WOS:000328915400004 PM 24141208 ER PT J AU Ye, JB Xiao, LH Li, J Huang, WY Amer, SE Guo, YQ Roellig, D Feng, YY AF Ye, Jianbin Xiao, Lihua Li, Jian Huang, Weiyi Amer, Said E. Guo, Yaqiong Roellig, Dawn Feng, Yaoyu TI Occurrence of human-pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium genotypes in laboratory macaques in Guangxi, China SO PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Cyclospora; Macaca fascicularis ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; WESTERN UGANDA; SP INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PRIMATES; SPP.; PAPIONIS; GORILLAS; ANIMALS; MONKEYS AB Captive nonhuman primates have been identified as common hosts of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium hominis, and Cyclospora spp., thus are potential reservoirs of some enteric parasites in humans. However, few studies have examined the source and human-infective potential of enteric parasites in laboratory nonhuman primates. In the present work, 205 fecal specimens were collected from three groups of captive Macaca fascicularis kept in different densities in a laboratory animal facility in Guangxi, China, and examined by PCR for E. bieneusi, G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Cyclospora spp. The infection rates of E. bieneusi and G. duodenalis were 11.3% and 1.2% in Group 1 (young animals kept individually; n = 168), 72.2% and 11.1% in Group 2 (young animals kept in groups; n = 18), and 31.6% and 53% in Group 3 (adults kept in groups; n = 19), respectively. Sequence analysis of PCR products showed the presence of five E. bieneusi genotypes, with genotype D (in 16/36 genotyped specimens) and a new genotype (in 15/36 genotyped specimens) as the dominant genotypes. All five E. bieneusi genotypes belonged to the zoonotic group (Group 1). The G. duodenalis genotypes (assemblages All and B) in five specimens and C. hominis subtype (IdA14) in one specimen were also known human-pathogens, although the Cyclospora seen in one animal appeared to be unique to macaque monkeys. The higher infection rate in younger animals reared in groups and common occurrence of zoonotic genotypes indicated that human-pathogenic E. bieneusi could be transmitted efficiently in captive nonhuman primates, and group-housing was a risk factor for transmission of zoonotic pathogens in young nonhuman primates in research facilities. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Ye, Jianbin; Guo, Yaqiong; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua; Guo, Yaqiong; Roellig, Dawn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Li, Jian; Huang, Weiyi] Guangxi Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Amer, Said E.] Kafr El Sheikh Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Kafr Al Sheikh 33516, Egypt. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM lxiao@cdc.gov; yyfeng@ecustedu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Yaqiong, Guo/N-4927-2015 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31229005, 31110103901]; National Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, China [2060204]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31229005 and 31110103901), National Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, China (No. 2060204), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1383-5769 J9 PARASITOL INT JI Parasitol. Int. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 132 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.parint.2013.10.007 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 278UM UT WOS:000328915400019 PM 24157444 ER PT J AU Vaughan, G Forbi, JC Xia, GL Fonseca-Ford, M Vazquez, R Khudyakov, YE Montiel, S Waterman, S Alpuche, C Rossi, LMG Luna, N AF Vaughan, Gilberto Forbi, Joseph C. Xia, Guo-Liang Fonseca-Ford, Maureen Vazquez, Roberto Khudyakov, Yury E. Montiel, Sonia Waterman, Steve Alpuche, Celia Rossi, Livia Maria Goncalves Luna, Norma TI Full-Length Genome Characterization and Genetic Relatedness Analysis of Hepatitis A Virus Outbreak Strains Associated With Acute Liver Failure Among Children SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hepatitis A virus; acute liver failure; Mexico ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; FULMINANT-HEPATITIS; LATIN-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; PROTEIN; SERA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEVERITIES; CIRCULATION AB Clinical infection by hepatitis A virus (HAV) is generally self-limited but in some cases can progress to liver failure. Here, an HAV outbreak investigation among children with acute liver failure in a highly endemic country is presented. In addition, a sensitive method for HAV whole genome amplification and sequencing suitable for analysis of clinical samples is described. In this setting, two fatal cases attributed to acute liver failure and two asymptomatic cases living in the same household were identified. In a second household, one HAV case was observed with jaundice which resolved spontaneously. Partial molecular characterization showed that both households were infected by HAV subtype IA; however, the infecting strains in the two households were different. The HAV outbreak strains recovered from all cases grouped together within cluster IA1, which contains closely related HAV strains from the United States commonly associated with international travelers. Full-genome HAV sequences obtained from the household with the acute liver failure cases were related (genetic distances ranging from 0.01% to 0.04%), indicating a common-source infection. Interestingly, the strain recovered from the asymptomatic household contact was nearly identical to the strain causing acute liver failure. The whole genome sequence from the case in the second household was distinctly different from the strains associated with acute liver failure. Thus, infection with almost identical HAV strains resulted in drastically different clinical outcomes. J. Med. Virol. 86:202-208, 2014. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Vaughan, Gilberto; Forbi, Joseph C.; Xia, Guo-Liang; Khudyakov, Yury E.; Rossi, Livia Maria Goncalves] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fonseca-Ford, Maureen; Montiel, Sonia; Waterman, Steve] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vazquez, Roberto; Alpuche, Celia] Natl Inst Epidemiol Diag & Reference, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Luna, Norma] Gen Directorate Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Vaughan, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA USA. EM gvaughan@cdc.gov FU Division of Viral Hepatitis Intramural Funding FX Grant sponsor: Division of Viral Hepatitis Intramural Funding NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 EI 1096-9071 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 86 IS 2 BP 202 EP 208 DI 10.1002/jmv.23843 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 269AR UT WOS:000328212900004 PM 24243548 ER PT J AU Dunne, EF Markowitz, LE Saraiya, M Stokley, S Middleman, A Unger, ER Williams, A Iskander, J AF Dunne, Eileen F. Markowitz, Lauri E. Saraiya, Mona Stokley, Shannon Middleman, Amy Unger, Elizabeth R. Williams, Alcia Iskander, John TI CDC Grand Rounds: Reducing the Burden of HPV-Associated Cancer and Disease SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; PARTICLE VACCINE; YOUNG-WOMEN; PREVALENCE; COVERAGE; LESIONS; ADOLESCENTS; INFECTION; EFFICACY C1 [Stokley, Shannon] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Middleman, Amy] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Alcia; Iskander, John] CDC, Off Associate Director Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 4 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA2KX UT WOS:000330924600001 PM 24476977 ER PT J AU Borchert, JN Tappero, JW Downing, R Shoemaker, T Behumbiize, P Aceng, J Makumbi, I Dahlke, M Jarrar, B Lozano, B Kasozi, S Austin, M Phillippe, D Watson, ID Evans, TJ Stotish, T Dowell, SF Iademarco, MF Ransom, R Balajee, A Becknell, K Beauvais, D Wuhib, T AF Borchert, Jeff N. Tappero, Jordan W. Downing, Robert Shoemaker, Trevor Behumbiize, Prosper Aceng, Jane Makumbi, Issa Dahlke, Melissa Jarrar, Bassam Lozano, Briana Kasozi, Sam Austin, Mark Phillippe, Dru Watson, Ian D. Evans, Tom J. Stotish, Timothy Dowell, Scott F. Iademarco, Michael F. Ransom, Raymond Balajee, Arunmozhi Becknell, Kristin Beauvais, Denise Wuhib, Tadesse TI Rapidly Building Global Health Security Capacity - Uganda Demonstration Project, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Borchert, Jeff N.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.; Jarrar, Bassam; Dowell, Scott F.; Balajee, Arunmozhi; Becknell, Kristin; Beauvais, Denise] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Downing, Robert; Behumbiize, Prosper; Lozano, Briana; Ransom, Raymond; Wuhib, Tadesse] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shoemaker, Trevor] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aceng, Jane; Makumbi, Issa] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Dahlke, Melissa; Kasozi, Sam] African Field Epidemiol Network, Kampala, Uganda. [Austin, Mark; Phillippe, Dru] CDC, Div Emergency Operat, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Watson, Ian D.; Evans, Tom J.; Stotish, Timothy] US Dept Def, Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Arlington, VA USA. [Iademarco, Michael F.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tappero, JW (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jtappero@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 4 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA2KX UT WOS:000330924600002 PM 24476978 ER PT J AU Phu, TD Long, VN Hien, NT Lan, PT Lowe, W McConnell, MS Iademarco, MF Partridge, JM Kile, JC Do, T Nadol, PJ Bui, H Vu, D Bond, K Nelson, DB Anderson, L Hunt, KV Smith, N Giannone, P Klena, J Beauvais, D Becknell, K Tappero, JW Dowell, SF Rzeszotarski, P Chu, M Kinkade, C AF Tran Dac Phu Vu Ngoc Long Nguyen Tran Hien Phan Trong Lan Lowe, Wayne McConnell, Michelle S. Iademarco, Michael F. Partridge, Jeffrey M. Kile, James C. Trang Do Nadol, Patrick J. Hien Bui Diep Vu Bond, Kyle Nelson, David B. Anderson, Lauren Hunt, Kenneth V. Smith, Nicole Giannone, Paul Klena, John Beauvais, Denise Becknell, Kristin Tappero, Jordan W. Dowell, Scott F. Rzeszotarski, Peter Chu, May Kinkade, Carl TI Strengthening Global Health Security Capacity - Vietnam Demonstration Project, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS C1 [Tran Dac Phu; Vu Ngoc Long] Vietnam Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Nguyen Tran Hien] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Phan Trong Lan] Pasteur Inst Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Lowe, Wayne] US Dept Def, Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Pentagon, VA USA. [McConnell, Michelle S.; Nadol, Patrick J.; Hien Bui; Diep Vu; Bond, Kyle; Nelson, David B.; Anderson, Lauren; Hunt, Kenneth V.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Iademarco, Michael F.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Partridge, Jeffrey M.; Kile, James C.; Trang Do] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Nicole; Giannone, Paul; Klena, John; Beauvais, Denise; Becknell, Kristin; Tappero, Jordan W.; Dowell, Scott F.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rzeszotarski, Peter] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chu, May; Kinkade, Carl] CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McConnell, MS (reprint author), CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmcconnell@cdc.gov; miademarco@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 4 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA2KX UT WOS:000330924600003 ER PT J AU Hibbs, BF Miller, ER Shimabukuro, T AF Hibbs, Beth F. Miller, Elaine R. Shimabukuro, Tom TI Rotavirus Vaccine Administration Errors - United States, 2006-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hibbs, Beth F.; Miller, Elaine R.; Shimabukuro, Tom] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hibbs, BF (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bhibbs@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 4 BP 81 EP 81 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA2KX UT WOS:000330924600004 PM 24476980 ER PT J AU Zhou, L Situ, SJ Feng, ZJ Atkins, CY Fung, ICH Xu, Z Huang, T Hu, SX Wang, XJ Meltzer, MI AF Zhou, Lei Situ, Sujian Feng, Zijian Atkins, Charisma Y. Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai Xu, Zhen Huang, Ting Hu, Shixiong Wang, Xianjun Meltzer, Martin I. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Strategies for Annual Influenza Vaccination among Children Aged 6 Months to 14 Years in Four Provinces in China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; NETWORK; CANADA AB Background: To support policy making, we developed an initial model to assess the cost-effectiveness of potential strategies to increase influenza vaccination rates among children in China. Methods: We studied on children aged 6 months to 14 years in four provinces (Shandong, Henan, Hunan, and Sichuan), with a health care system perspective. We used data from 2005/6 to 2010/11, excluding 2009/10. Costs are reported in 2010 U.S. dollars. Results: In comparison with no vaccination, the mean (range) of Medically Attended Cases averted by the current self-payment policy for the two age groups (6 to 59 months and 60 months to 14 years) was 1,465 (23,11,132) and 792 (36 similar to 4,247), and the cost effectiveness ratios were $ 0 (-11-51) and $ 37 (6-125) per case adverted, respectively. In comparison with the current policy, the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of alternative strategies, OPTION One-reminder and OPTION Two-comprehensive package, decreased as vaccination rate increased. The ICER for children aged 6 to 59 months was lower than that for children aged 60 months to 14 years. Conclusions: The model is a useful tool in identifying elements for evaluating vaccination strategies. However, more data are needed to produce more accurate cost-effectiveness estimates of potential vaccination policies. C1 [Zhou, Lei; Feng, Zijian] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Situ, Sujian] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Atkins, Charisma Y.; Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Meltzer, Martin I.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai] Georgia So Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Jiann Ping Hsu Coll Publ Hlth, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Xu, Zhen] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Key Lab Surveillance & Early Warning Infect Dis, Div Infect Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Huang, Ting] Sichuan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Hu, Shixiong] Hunan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xianjun] Shandong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, L (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM zhoulei@chinacdc.cn; fengzj@chinacdc.cn OI Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai/0000-0001-5496-2529 FU China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases FX This study was supported by the China-U.S. Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e87590 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087590 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 302RF UT WOS:000330621900139 PM 24498145 ER PT J AU Tebbens, RJD Kalkowska, DA Wassilak, SGF Pallansch, MA Cochi, SL Thompson, KM AF Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer Kalkowska, Dominika A. Wassilak, Steven G. F. Pallansch, Mark A. Cochi, Stephen L. Thompson, Kimberly M. TI The potential impact of expanding target age groups for polio immunization campaigns SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Polio; Eradication; Dynamic modeling; Disease outbreaks ID PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; VACCINE; TRANSMISSION; ERADICATION; OUTBREAK; IMMUNITY; POPULATION; POLIOVIRUSES; ANTIBODIES AB Background: Global efforts to eradicate wild polioviruses (WPVs) continue to face challenges due to uninterrupted endemic WPV transmission in three countries and importation-related outbreaks into previously polio-free countries. We explore the potential role of including older children and adults in supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) to more rapidly increase population immunity and prevent or stop transmission. Methods: We use a differential equation-based dynamic poliovirus transmission model to analyze the epidemiological impact and vaccine resource implications of expanding target age groups in SIAs. We explore the use of older age groups in SIAs for three situations: alternative responses to the 2010 outbreak in Tajikistan, retrospective examination of elimination in two high-risk states in northern India, and prospective and retrospective strategies to accelerate elimination in endemic northwestern Nigeria. Our model recognizes the ability of individuals with waned mucosal immunity (i.e., immunity from a historical live poliovirus infection) to become re-infected and contribute to transmission to a limited extent. Results: SIAs involving expanded age groups reduce overall caseloads, decrease transmission, and generally lead to a small reduction in the time to achieve WPV elimination. Analysis of preventive expanded age group SIAs in Tajikistan or prior to type-specific surges in incidence in high-risk areas of India and Nigeria showed the greatest potential benefits of expanded age groups. Analysis of expanded age group SIAs in outbreak situations or to accelerate the interruption of endemic transmission showed relatively less benefit, largely due to the circulation of WPV reaching individuals sooner or more effectively than the SIAs. The India and Nigeria results depend strongly on how well SIAs involving expanded age groups reach relatively isolated subpopulations that sustain clusters of susceptible children, which we assume play a key role in persistent endemic WPV transmission in these areas. Conclusions: This study suggests the need to carefully consider the epidemiological situation in the context of decisions to use expanded age group SIAs. Subpopulations of susceptible individuals may independently sustain transmission, which will reduce the overall benefits associated with using expanded age group SIAs to increase population immunity to a sufficiently high level to stop transmission and reduce the incidence of paralytic cases. C1 [Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer; Kalkowska, Dominika A.; Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Kalkowska, Dominika A.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Appl Math, Delft, Netherlands. [Wassilak, Steven G. F.; Cochi, Stephen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Tebbens, RJD (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Site 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM rdt@kidrisk.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U66IP000519-01] FX The authors thank the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for supporting this work under Cooperative Agreement U66IP000519-01. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. The authors thank Drs. Gregory Armstrong, Johannes Everts, Marta Gacic-Dobo, Alex Gasasira, Benjamin Lopman, Patrick O'Connor, Roland Sutter, Rudi Tangermann, Iris Tetford, Linda Venczel, Jay Wenger, Chris Wolff, and the Global Polio Laboratory Network for information. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 45 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-14-45 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AA6JJ UT WOS:000331204300001 ER PT J AU Kahn, JG Jiwani, A Gomez, GB Hawkes, SJ Chesson, HW Broutet, N Kamb, ML Newman, LM AF Kahn, James G. Jiwani, Aliya Gomez, Gabriela B. Hawkes, Sarah J. Chesson, Harrell W. Broutet, Nathalie Kamb, Mary L. Newman, Lori M. TI The Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Scaling up Screening and Treatment of Syphilis in Pregnancy: A Model SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; ANTENATAL SYPHILIS; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY; MATERNAL SYPHILIS; CARE; OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE AB Background: Syphilis in pregnancy imposes a significant global health and economic burden. More than half of cases result in serious adverse events, including infant mortality and infection. The annual global burden from mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis is estimated at 3.6 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and $309 million in medical costs. Syphilis screening and treatment is simple, effective, and affordable, yet, worldwide, most pregnant women do not receive these services. We assessed cost-effectiveness of scaling-up syphilis screening and treatment in existing antenatal care (ANC) programs in various programmatic, epidemiologic, and economic contexts. Methods and Findings: We modeled the cost, health impact, and cost-effectiveness of expanded syphilis screening and treatment in ANC, compared to current services, for 1,000,000 pregnancies per year over four years. We defined eight generic country scenarios by systematically varying three factors: current maternal syphilis testing and treatment coverage, syphilis prevalence in pregnant women, and the cost of healthcare. We calculated program and net costs, DALYs averted, and net costs per DALY averted over four years in each scenario. Program costs are estimated at $4,142,287 - $8,235,796 per million pregnant women (2010 USD). Net costs, adjusted for averted medical care and current services, range from net savings of $12,261,250 to net costs of $1,736,807. The program averts an estimated 5,754 - 93,484 DALYs, yielding net savings in four scenarios, and a cost per DALY averted of $24 - $111 in the four scenarios with net costs. Results were robust in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Eliminating MTCT of syphilis through expanded screening and treatment in ANC is likely to be highly cost-effective by WHO-defined thresholds in a wide range of settings. Countries with high prevalence, low current service coverage, and high healthcare cost would benefit most. Future analyses can be tailored to countries using local epidemiologic and programmatic data. C1 [Kahn, James G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kahn, James G.] Super Models Global Hlth, Berkeley, CA USA. [Jiwani, Aliya] Super Models Global Hlth, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Gomez, Gabriela B.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Global Hlth, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gomez, Gabriela B.] Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hawkes, Sarah J.] UCL, UCL Inst Global Hlth, London, England. [Chesson, Harrell W.; Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Broutet, Nathalie; Newman, Lori M.] World Hlth Org, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Jiwani, A (reprint author), Super Models Global Hlth, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM ajiwani@gmail.com OI Hawkes, Sarah/0000-0003-1062-3538 FU World Health Organization FX This study was funded by a grant from the World Health Organization. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e87510 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087510 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 301ZC UT WOS:000330570000156 PM 24489931 ER PT J AU Mutasa-Apollo, T Shiraishi, RW Takarinda, KC Dzangare, J Mugurungi, O Murungu, J Abdul-Quader, A Woodfill, CJI AF Mutasa-Apollo, Tsitsi Shiraishi, Ray W. Takarinda, Kudakwashe C. Dzangare, Janet Mugurungi, Owen Murungu, Joseph Abdul-Quader, Abu Woodfill, Celia J. I. TI Patient Retention, Clinical Outcomes and Attrition-Associated Factors of HIV-Infected Patients Enrolled in Zimbabwe's National Antiretroviral Therapy Programme, 2007-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; VIRAL LOAD SUPPRESSION; MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; INCOME COUNTRIES; MISSING VALUES; ADULT PATIENTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; SCALING-UP; CARE AB Background: Since establishment of Zimbabwe's National Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Programme in 2004, ART provision has expanded from,5,000 to 369,431 adults by 2011. However, patient outcomes are unexplored. Objective: To determine improvement in health status, retention and factors associated with attrition among HIV-infected patients on ART. Methods: A retrospective review of abstracted patient records of adults >= 15 years who initiated ART from 2007 to 2009 was done. Frequencies and medians were calculated for rates of retention in care and changes in key health status outcomes at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months respectively. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine factors associated with attrition. Results: Of the 3,919 patients, 64% were female, 86% were either WHO clinical stage III or IV. Rates of patient retention at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months were 90.7%, 78.1%, 68.8% and 64.4%, respectively. After ART initiation, median weight gains at 6, 12, and 24 months were 3, 4.5, and 5.0 kgs whilst median CD4+ cell count gains at 6, 12 and 24 months were 122, 157 and 279 cells/mu L respectively. Factors associated with an increased risk of attrition included male gender (AHR 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4), baseline WHO stage IV (AHR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6), lower baseline body weight (AHR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4-2. 8) and accessing care from higher level healthcare facilities (AHR 3.5; 95% 1.1-11.2). Conclusions: Our findings with regard to retention as well as clinical and immunological improvements following uptake of ART, are similar to what has been found in other settings. Factors influencing attrition also mirror those found in other parts of sub-Saharan Africa. These findings suggest the need to strengthen earlier diagnosis and treatment to further improve treatment outcomes. Whilst decentralisation improves ART coverage it should be coupled with strategies aimed at improving patient retention. C1 [Mutasa-Apollo, Tsitsi; Takarinda, Kudakwashe C.; Dzangare, Janet; Mugurungi, Owen; Murungu, Joseph] Zimbabwe Minist Hlth & Child Care, AIDS & TB Dept, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Woodfill, Celia J. I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Accra, Ghana. [Shiraishi, Ray W.; Abdul-Quader, Abu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mutasa-Apollo, T (reprint author), Zimbabwe Minist Hlth & Child Care, AIDS & TB Dept, Harare, Zimbabwe. EM tsitsiapollo1@gmail.com FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control; Expanded Support Program for HIV/AIDS (ESP) FX The survey was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and also the Expanded Support Program for HIV/AIDS (ESP). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e86305 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086305 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 301ZC UT WOS:000330570000032 PM 24489714 ER PT J AU Bittl, JA He, YL Jacobs, AK Yancy, CW Normand, SLT AF Bittl, John A. He, Yulei Jacobs, Alice K. Yancy, Clyde W. Normand, Sharon-Lise T. TI Response to Letters Regarding Article, "Bayesian Methods Affirm the Use of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention to Improve Survival in Patients With Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease" SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Bittl, John A.] Munroe Reg Med Ctr, Ocala, FL USA. [He, Yulei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Jacobs, Alice K.] Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Boston, MA USA. [Yancy, Clyde W.] Northwestern Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Chicago, IL USA. [Normand, Sharon-Lise T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Normand, Sharon-Lise T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Bittl, JA (reprint author), Munroe Reg Med Ctr, Ocala, FL USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 129 IS 4 BP E309 EP E309 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AA8OK UT WOS:000331354600003 PM 24470480 ER PT J AU Mizuno, Y Zhu, J Crepaz, N Beer, L Purcell, DW Johnson, CH Valverde, EE Skarbinski, J AF Mizuno, Yuko Zhu, Julia Crepaz, Nicole Beer, Linda Purcell, David W. Johnson, Christopher H. Valverde, Eduardo E. Skarbinski, Jacek TI Receipt of HIV/STD prevention counseling by HIV- infected adults receiving medical care in the United States SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention counseling; HIV-infected persons; Medical Monitoring Project ID CONTROLLED-TRIALS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; RISK-REDUCTION; INTERVENTION; SETTINGS; PROVIDERS; METAANALYSIS; PEOPLE AB Objective:Guidelines recommend risk-reduction counseling by HIV providers to all HIV-infected persons. Among HIV-infected adults receiving medical care in the United States, we estimated prevalence of exposure to three types of HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD) risk-reduction interventions and described the characteristics of persons who received these interventions.Design:Data were from the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP), a supplemental HIV surveillance system designed to produce nationally representative estimates of behavioral and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected adults receiving medical care in the United States.Methods:Descriptive analyses were conducted to estimate the exposure to each type of HIV/STD risk-reduction intervention. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to assess associations between the selected correlates with each exposure variable.Results:About 44% of participants reported a one-on-one conversation with a healthcare provider about HIV/STD prevention, 30% with a prevention program worker, 16% reported participation in a small group risk-reduction intervention, and 52% reported receiving at least one of the three interventions in the past 12 months. Minority race/ethnicity, low income, and risky sexual behavior consistently predicted greater intervention exposure. However, 39% of persons who reported risky sex did not receive any HIV/STD risk-reduction interventions.Conclusions:HIV-infected persons in care with fewer resources or those who engaged in risk behaviors were more likely to receive HIV/STD risk-reduction interventions. However, less than half of HIV-infected persons in care received HIV/STD prevention counseling from their provider, an intervention that has been shown to be effective and is supported by guidelines. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Mizuno, Yuko; Zhu, Julia; Crepaz, Nicole; Beer, Linda; Purcell, David W.; Johnson, Christopher H.; Valverde, Eduardo E.; Skarbinski, Jacek] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mizuno, Y (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ymizuno@cdc.gov OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS09-937] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funding for the MMP is provided by a cooperative agreement (PS09-937) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 407 EP 415 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000057 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AB1OA UT WOS:000331560500013 PM 24056066 ER PT J AU Muhindo, MK Kakuru, A Jagannathan, P Talisuna, A Osilo, E Orukan, F Arinaitwe, E Tappero, JW Kaharuza, F Kamya, MR Dorsey, G AF Muhindo, Mary K. Kakuru, Abel Jagannathan, Prasanna Talisuna, Ambrose Osilo, Emmanuel Orukan, Francis Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Tappero, Jordan W. Kaharuza, Frank Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant TI Early parasite clearance following artemisinin-based combination therapy among Ugandan children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; Artemisinin-based combination therapy; Parasite clearance; Artemether-lumefantrine; Dihydroartemisin-piperaquine ID RESISTANT MALARIA; CLINICAL-TRIAL; RURAL UGANDA; IN-VIVO; SPREAD; HIV-1 AB Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is widely recommended as first-line therapy for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria worldwide. Artemisinin resistance has now been reported in Southeast Asia with a clinical phenotype manifested by slow parasite clearance. Although there are no reliable reports of artemisinin resistance in Africa, there is a need to better understand the dynamics of parasite clearance in African children treated with ACT in order to better detect the emergence of artemisinin resistance. Methods: Data from a cohort of Ugandan children four to five years old, enrolled in a longitudinal, randomized, clinical trial comparing two leading ACT, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP), were analysed. For all episodes of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria over a 14-month period, daily blood smears were performed for three days following the initiation of therapy. Associations between pre-treatment variables of interest and persistent parasitaemia were estimated using multivariate, generalized, estimating equations with adjustment for repeated measures in the same patient. Results: A total of 202 children were included, resulting in 416 episodes of malaria treated with AL and 354 episodes treated with DP. The prevalence of parasitaemia on days 1, 2, and 3 following initiation of therapy was 67.6, 5.6 and 0% in those treated with AL, and 52.2, 5.7 and 0.3% in those treated with DP. Independent risk factors for persistent parasitaemia on day 1 included treatment with AL vs DP (RR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.20-1.50, p < 0.001), having a temperature >= 38.0 degrees C vs <37.0 degrees C (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.35, p = 0.007) and having a parasite density >20,000/mu L vs <4,000/mu L (RR = 3.37, 95% CI 2.44-4.49, p < 0.001). Independent risk factors for having persistent parasitaemia on day 2 included elevated temperature, higher parasite density, and being HIV infected. Conclusions: Among Ugandan children, parasite clearance following treatment with AL or DP was excellent with only one of 752 patients tested having a positive blood slide three days after initiation of therapy. The type of ACT given, pre-treatment temperature, pre-treatment parasite density and HIV status were associated with differences in persistent parasitaemia, one or two days following therapy. C1 [Muhindo, Mary K.; Kakuru, Abel; Talisuna, Ambrose; Osilo, Emmanuel; Orukan, Francis; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Jagannathan, Prasanna; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Talisuna, Ambrose] Univ Oxford, KEMRI, Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaharuza, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Muhindo, MK (reprint author), Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Mulago Hosp Campus,POB 7475, Kampala, Uganda. EM marymkakuru@gmail.com FU Uganda Malaria Clinical Operational and Health Services (COHRE) Training Programme at Makerere University from the Fogarty International Center (FIC) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [D43-TW00807701A1]; US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U62P024421]; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) [U62P024421]; Global AIDS Program (GAP) FX This research/publication was made possible by Uganda Malaria Clinical Operational and Health Services (COHRE) Training Programme at Makerere University, Grant #D43-TW00807701A1, from the Fogarty International Center (FIC) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of FIC or NIH. We are grateful to all the parents and guardians for kindly giving their consent and to the study participants for their cooperation. We thank all the members of the study team for their tireless effort and excellent work. Funding for the main project was provided by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and by Cooperative Agreement No U62P024421 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); and Global AIDS Program (GAP). The funders were not involved with study design, data analysis or manuscript preparation. The contents of the manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 32 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-32 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AA9GT UT WOS:000331402500001 PM 24468007 ER PT J AU Talundzic, E Maganga, M Masanja, IM Peterson, DS Udhayakumar, V Lucchi, NW AF Talundzic, Eldin Maganga, Mussa Masanja, Irene M. Peterson, David S. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Lucchi, Naomi W. TI Field evaluation of the photo-induced electron transfer fluorogenic primers (PET) real-time PCR for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum in Tanzania SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Molecular test; Asymptomatic malaria; Tanzania; PET-PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; MALARIA; MICROSCOPY; ASSAY; REGION; INFECTIONS AB Background: Accurate diagnosis of malaria infections remains challenging, especially in the identification of submicroscopic infections. New molecular diagnostic tools that are inexpensive, sensitive enough to detect low-level infections and suitable in laboratory settings of resource-limited countries are required for malaria control and elimination programmes. Here the diagnostic potential of a recently developed photo-induced electron transfer fluorogenic primer (PET) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) called PET-PCR was investigated. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the use of this assay as a method for the detection of both Plasmodium falciparum and other Plasmodium species infections in a developing country's diagnostic laboratory; and, (ii) determine the assay's sensitivity and specificity compared to a nested 18S rRNA PCR. Methods: Samples used in this study were obtained from a previous study conducted in the region of Iringa, Tanzania. A total of 303 samples from eight health facilities in Tanzania were utilized for this evaluation. All samples were screened using the multiplex PET-PCR assay designed to detect Plasmodium genus and P. falciparum initially in laboratory in Tanzania and then repeated at a reference laboratory at the CDC in the USA. Microscopy data was available for all the 303 samples. A subset of the samples were tested in a blinded fashion to find the sensitivity and specificity of the PET-PCR compared to the nested 18S rRNA PCR. Results: Compared to microscopy, the PET-PCR assay was 59% more sensitive in detecting P. falciparum infections. The observed sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% confidence interval (CI0.95) = 94-100%) and (CI0.95 = 96-100%), respectively, for the PET-PCR assay when compared to nested 18S rRNA PCR. When compared to 18S rRNA PCR, microscopy had a low sensitivity of 40% (CI0.95 = 23-61%) and specificity of 100% (CI0.95 = 96-100%). The PET-PCR results performed in the field laboratory in Tanzania were in 100% concordance with the results obtained at the reference laboratory in the USA. Conclusion: The PET-PCR is a new molecular diagnostic tool with similar performance characteristics as commonly used PCR methods that is less expensive, easy to use, and amiable to large scale-surveillance studies in developing country settings. C1 [Talundzic, Eldin; Peterson, David S.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Maganga, Mussa; Masanja, Irene M.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Talundzic, Eldin; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam; Lucchi, Naomi W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, VA Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. RP Lucchi, NW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM NLucchi@cdc.gov FU Atlanta Research and Education Fund (AREF); CDC-UGA Seed Award; NIH pre-doctoral capstone experience; Office of the Vice President for Research at The University of Georgia FX We would like to thank Dr Daniel G Colley, Dr Frederick D Quinn, Dr Kefas Mugittu, and the staff at the Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania, for their support and for providing us with the necessary resources to conduct this study. We acknowledge the support of the Atlanta Research and Education Fund (AREF) for supporting this study. The work was also supported in part by a CDC-UGA Seed Award to VU and DP. ET was in part supported by a NIH pre-doctoral capstone experience and also support was provided by The Office of the Vice President for Research at The University of Georgia for travel to the field site in Tanzania. The use of trade names and names of commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 27 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 31 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-31 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AA9GQ UT WOS:000331402200002 PM 24467985 ER PT J AU Carter, M Desilets, K Gavin, L Moskosky, S Clark, J AF Carter, Marion Desilets, Kathleen Gavin, Lorrie Moskosky, Sue Clark, Jill TI Trends in Uninsured Clients Visiting Health Centers Funded by the Title X Family Planning Program - Massachusetts, 2005-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CARE REFORM LESSONS C1 [Carter, Marion] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Desilets, Kathleen; Moskosky, Sue] US Dept HHS, Off Populat Affairs, Washington, DC USA. [Gavin, Lorrie] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Clark, Jill] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Family Planning Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Carter, M (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcarter1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 24 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 3 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EW UT WOS:000330026600003 ER PT J AU Edison, L Hughes, D Drenzek, C Kelly, J AF Edison, Laura Hughes, Denise Drenzek, Cherie Kelly, Jane TI Prevalence and Indicators of Viral Suppression Among Persons with Diagnosed HIV Infection Retained in Care - Georgia, 2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ADHERENCE C1 [Edison, Laura] EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edison, Laura; Hughes, Denise; Drenzek, Cherie; Kelly, Jane] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelly, Jane] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Edison, L (reprint author), EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM laedison@dhr.state.ga.us NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 24 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 3 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EW UT WOS:000330026600002 ER PT J AU Sharp, TM Gaul, L Muehlenbachs, A Hunsperger, E Bhatnagar, J Lueptow, R Santiago, GA Munoz-Jordan, JL Blau, DM Ettestad, P Bissett, JD Ledet, SC Zaki, SR Tomashek, KM AF Sharp, Tyler M. Gaul, Linda Muehlenbachs, Atis Hunsperger, Elizabeth Bhatnagar, Julu Lueptow, Rebekka Santiago, Gilberto A. Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Blau, Dianna M. Ettestad, Paul Bissett, Jack D. Ledet, Suzanne C. Zaki, Sherif R. Tomashek, Kay M. TI Fatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Associated with Locally Acquired Dengue Virus Infection - New Mexico and Texas, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID FEVER C1 [Sharp, Tyler M.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Santiago, Gilberto A.; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.; Tomashek, Kay M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gaul, Linda; Lueptow, Rebekka] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Muehlenbachs, Atis; Bhatnagar, Julu; Blau, Dianna M.; Zaki, Sherif R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ettestad, Paul] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Bissett, Jack D.; Ledet, Suzanne C.] Seton Med Ctr Austin, Austin, TX USA. RP Sharp, TM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tsharp@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 24 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 3 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EW UT WOS:000330026600001 ER PT J AU Shepard, SS Davis, CT Bahl, J Rivailler, P York, IA Donis, RO AF Shepard, Samuel S. Davis, C. Todd Bahl, Justin Rivailler, Pierre York, Ian A. Donis, Ruben O. TI LABEL: Fast and Accurate Lineage Assignment with Assessment of H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza A Hemagglutinins SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MUTATION-RATES; SOUTHERN CHINA; VIRUSES; EVOLUTION; POULTRY; CLASSIFICATION; NOMENCLATURE AB The evolutionary classification of influenza genes into lineages is a first step in understanding their molecular epidemiology and can inform the subsequent implementation of control measures. We introduce a novel approach called Lineage Assignment By Extended Learning (LABEL) to rapidly determine cladistic information for any number of genes without the need for time-consuming sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, or manual annotation. Instead, LABEL relies on hidden Markov model profiles and support vector machine training to hierarchically classify gene sequences by their similarity to pre-defined lineages. We assessed LABEL by analyzing the annotated hemagglutinin genes of highly pathogenic (H5N1) and low pathogenicity (H9N2) avian influenza A viruses. Using the WHO/FAO/OIE H5N1 evolution working group nomenclature, the LABEL pipeline quickly and accurately identified the H5 lineages of uncharacterized sequences. Moreover, we developed an updated clade nomenclature for the H9 hemagglutinin gene and show a similarly fast and reliable phylogenetic assessment with LABEL. While this study was focused on hemagglutinin sequences, LABEL could be applied to the analysis of any gene and shows great potential to guide molecular epidemiology activities, accelerate database annotation, and provide a data sorting tool for other large-scale bioinformatic studies. C1 [Shepard, Samuel S.; Davis, C. Todd; Rivailler, Pierre; York, Ian A.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bahl, Justin] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Program Emerging Infect Dis, Lab Virus Evolut, Singapore, Singapore. [Bahl, Justin] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect Dis, Houston, TX USA. RP Shepard, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vfn4@cdc.gov; rvd6@cdc.gov RI Bahl, Justin/A-4728-2011; OI Bahl, Justin/0000-0001-7572-4300; York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e86921 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086921 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297XI UT WOS:000330288000172 PM 24466291 ER PT J AU Whitworth, WC Goodwin, DJ Racster, L West, KB Chuke, SO Daniels, LJ Campbell, BH Bohanon, J Jaffar, AT Drane, W Sjoberg, PA Mazurek, GH AF Whitworth, William C. Goodwin, Donald J. Racster, Laura West, Kevin B. Chuke, Stella O. Daniels, Laura J. Campbell, Brandon H. Bohanon, Jamaria Jaffar, Atheer T. Drane, Wanzer Sjoberg, Paul A. Mazurek, Gerald H. TI Variability of the QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold In-Tube Test Using Automated and Manual Methods SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; WITHIN-SUBJECT VARIABILITY; INTERFERON-GAMMA RESPONSES; RELEASE ASSAYS; SKIN-TEST; REPRODUCIBILITY; CONVERSIONS; RELIABILITY; AGREEMENT AB Background: The QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT) detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection by measuring release of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) when T-cells (in heparinized whole blood) are stimulated with specific Mtb antigens. The amount of IFN-gamma is determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Automation of the ELISA method may reduce variability. To assess the impact of ELISA automation, we compared QFT-GIT results and variability when ELISAs were performed manually and with automation. Methods: Blood was collected into two sets of QFT-GIT tubes and processed at the same time. For each set, IFN-gamma was measured in automated and manual ELISAs. Variability in interpretations and IFN-gamma measurements was assessed between automated (A1 vs. A2) and manual (M1 vs. M2) ELISAs. Variability in IFN-gamma measurements was also assessed on separate groups stratified by the mean of the four ELISAs. Results: Subjects (N = 146) had two automated and two manual ELISAs completed. Overall, interpretations were discordant for 16 (11%) subjects. Excluding one subject with indeterminate results, 7 (4.8%) subjects had discordant automated interpretations and 10 (6.9%) subjects had discordant manual interpretations (p = 0.17). Quantitative variability was not uniform; within-subject variability was greater with higher IFN-gamma measurements and with manual ELISAs. For subjects with mean TB Responses +/-0.25 IU/mL of the 0.35 IU/mL cutoff, the within-subject standard deviation for two manual tests was 0.27 (CI95 = 0.22-0.37) IU/mL vs. 0.09 (CI95 = 0.07-0.12) IU/mL for two automated tests. Conclusion: QFT-GIT ELISA automation may reduce variability near the test cutoff. Methodological differences should be considered when interpreting and using IFN-gamma release assays (IGRAs). C1 [Whitworth, William C.; Chuke, Stella O.; Campbell, Brandon H.; Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goodwin, Donald J.; Racster, Laura; Bohanon, Jamaria; Jaffar, Atheer T.] US Air Force Sch Aerosp Med, Epidemiol Serv Branch, Brooks City Base, TX USA. [West, Kevin B.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Occupat Med TB Prevent Deployment Med, Reid Clin, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Chuke, Stella O.; Campbell, Brandon H.] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daniels, Laura J.; Bohanon, Jamaria; Jaffar, Atheer T.] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drane, Wanzer] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Sjoberg, Paul A.] US Air Force Sch Aerosp Med, Epidemiol Consult Serv, Dayton, OH USA. RP Whitworth, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wcw2@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e86721 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086721 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297XI UT WOS:000330288000135 PM 24466211 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Graitcer, SB O'Halloran, A Liang, JL AF Lu, Peng-jun Graitcer, Samuel B. O'Halloran, Alissa Liang, Jennifer L. TI Tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination among healthcare personnel-United States, 2011 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Tetanus; Diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap); Vaccination; Coverage; Health-care personnel ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; NOSOCOMIAL PERTUSSIS; SELF-REPORT; ADULTS; WORKERS; COVERAGE; REQUIREMENTS; OUTBREAK; US; ADOLESCENTS AB Background: Health-care personnel (HCP) are at risk for exposure to and possible transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases. Receiving recommended vaccines is an essential prevention practice for HCP to protect themselves and their patients. The tetanus, diphtheria and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) was recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for HCP in 2006 for protection against pertussis. We assessed the recent compliance of U.S.HCP in receiving Tdap vaccination. Methods: To estimate Tdap vaccination coverage among HCP, we analyzed data from the 2011 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal models were performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination among HCP. Results: Overall, Tdap vaccination coverage was 26.9% among HCP aged 18-64 years (95% confidence interval (CI) = 24.3%, 29.7%), which was significantly higher compared with non-HCP among the same age group (11.1%; 10.5-11.8%). Overall, vaccination coverage was significantly higher among physicians (41.5%) compared with nurses (36.5%) and other types of HCP (range 11.7-29.9%). Vaccination coverage was significantly higher among HCP aged 18-49 years compared with those 50-64 years (30.0% vs. 19.2%, respectively). Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of Tdap vaccination among HCP were: younger age, higher education, living in the western United States, being hospitalized within past year, having a place for routine health care in clinic or health center, and receipt of influenza vaccination in the previous year. Marital status of widowed, divorced, or separated was independently associated with a decreased likelihood of Tdap vaccination among HCP. Conclusions: By 2011, Tdap vaccination coverage was only 26.9% among HCP. Vaccination coverage varied widely by types of HCP and demographic characteristics. Emphasizing the benefits of HCP vaccination for staff and patients, providing vaccinations in the workplace and other non-traditional settings, and providing Tdap at no charge may help increase Tdap vaccination among HCP in all health-care settings. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; Graitcer, Samuel B.; O'Halloran, Alissa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Liang, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 5 BP 572 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.077 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 295WY UT WOS:000330148300007 PM 24308960 ER PT J AU Stewart, AM Lindley, MC Chang, KHM Cox, MA AF Stewart, Alexandra M. Lindley, Megan C. Chang, Kristen H. M. Cox, Marisa A. TI Vaccination benefits and cost-sharing policy for non-institutionalized adult Medicaid enrollees in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Medicaid; Adult vaccination; Health reform; Health insurance AB Medicaid is the largest funding source of health services for the poorest people in the United States. Medicaid enrollees have greater health care, needs, and higher health risks than other individuals in the country and, experience disproportionately low rates of preventive care. Without, Medicaid coverage, poor uninsured adults may not be vaccinated or would, rely on publicly-funded programs that provide vaccinations. We examined each programs' policies related to benefit coverage and, copayments for adult enrollees. Our study was completed between October 2011 and September 2012 using a document review and a survey of Medicaid administrators that assessed coverage and cost-sharing policy for fee-for-service programs. Results were compared to a similar review, conducted in 2003. Over the past 10 years, Medicaid programs have typically maintained or expanded vaccination coverage benefits for adults and nearly half have explicitly prohibited copayments. The 17 programs that cover all recommended vaccines while prohibiting, copayments demonstrate a commitment to providing increased access to vaccinations for adult enrollees. When developing responses to fiscal and political challenges, the programs that do not cover all ACIP recommended adult vaccines or those that permit copayments for vaccinations, should consider all strategies to increase vaccinations and reduce costs to enrollees. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stewart, Alexandra M.; Chang, Kristen H. M.; Cox, Marisa A.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Immunizat Law & Policy Program, Dept Hlth Policy, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Lindley, Megan C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stewart, AM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Immunizat Law & Policy Program, Dept Hlth Policy, 2021 K St,Suite 800, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM stewarta@gwu.edu; cvx9@cdc.gov; khmchang4@gmail.com; mcox@gwu.edu FU CDC FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC provided funding for the study. CDC scientists collaborated with GW researchers to design the survey, review project findings, and develop this manuscript. The authors thank the Medicaid program administrators who, despite limited resources and busy schedules, completed the survey and provided their expertise. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 5 BP 618 EP 623 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.050 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 295WY UT WOS:000330148300014 PM 24291539 ER PT J AU LeBreton, M Switzer, WM Djoko, CF Gillis, A Jia, H Sturgeon, MM Shankar, A Zheng, H Nkeunen, G Tamoufe, U Nana, A Diffo, JLD Tafon, B Kiyang, J Schneider, BS Burke, DS Wolfe, ND AF LeBreton, Matthew Switzer, William M. Djoko, Cyrille F. Gillis, Amethyst Jia, Hongwei Sturgeon, Michele M. Shankar, Anupama Zheng, Haoqiang Nkeunen, Gerard Tamoufe, Ubald Nana, Ahmadou Diffo, Joseph Le Doux Tafon, Babila Kiyang, John Schneider, Bradley S. Burke, Donald S. Wolfe, Nathan D. TI A gorilla reservoir for human T-lymphotropic virus type 4 SO EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS LA English DT Article DE gorilla; human T-lymphotropic virus; primate; retrovirus; simian T-lymphotropic virus; zoonoses ID SIMIAN FOAMY VIRUS; WESTERN LOWLAND GORILLAS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; CENTRAL-AFRICA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GENOME ANALYSIS; HTLV-I; CAMEROON AB Of the seven known species of human retroviruses only one, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 4 (HTLV-4), lacks a known animal reservoir. We report the largest screening for simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV-4) to date in a wide range of captive and wild non-human primate (NHP) species from Cameroon. Among the 681 wild and 426 captive NHPs examined, we detected STLV-4 infection only among gorillas by using HTLV-4-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The large number of samples analyzed, the diversity of NHP species examined, the geographic distribution of infected animals relative to the known HTLV-4 case, as well as detailed phylogenetic analyses on partial and full genomes, indicate that STLV-4 is endemic to gorillas, and that rather than being an ancient virus among humans, HTLV-4 emerged from a gorilla reservoir, likely through the hunting and butchering of wild gorillas. Our findings shed further light on the importance of gorillas as keystone reservoirs for the evolution and emergence of human infectious diseases and provide a clear course for preventing HTLV-4 emergence through management of human contact with wild gorillas, the development of improved assays for HTLV-4/STLV-4 detection and the ongoing monitoring of STLV-4 among gorillas and for HTLV-4 zoonosis among individuals exposed to gorilla populations. C1 [LeBreton, Matthew] Mosaic, Environm Hlth Data Technol, Yaounde, Cameroon. [LeBreton, Matthew; Djoko, Cyrille F.; Gillis, Amethyst; Nkeunen, Gerard; Tamoufe, Ubald; Nana, Ahmadou; Diffo, Joseph Le Doux] Global Viral Cameroon, Yaounde 7039, Cameroon. [LeBreton, Matthew; Gillis, Amethyst; Tamoufe, Ubald; Schneider, Bradley S.; Wolfe, Nathan D.] Metabiota, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [Switzer, William M.; Jia, Hongwei; Sturgeon, Michele M.; Shankar, Anupama; Zheng, Haoqiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tafon, Babila] Ape Act Africa, Yaounde 20072, Cameroon. [Kiyang, John] Limbe Wildlife Ctr, Limbe, Cameroon. [Burke, Donald S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Stanford Univ, Program Human Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Global Viral, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. RP LeBreton, M (reprint author), Mosaic, Environm Hlth Data Technol, Yaounde, Cameroon. EM mlebreton@mosaic.cm OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU Faucett Family and Rawji Foundations; Global Viral Forecasting [ANRS12182/12255, NIH RO1 AI50529]; US Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections, Surveillance Operations (AFHSC GEIS); Defense Threat Reduction Agency Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DTRA-CBEP); Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP); Google.org; Skoll Foundation; US Agency for International Development (USAID) FX Funding for this study was provided by the Faucett Family and Rawji Foundations and Global Viral Forecasting (ANRS12182/12255 and NIH RO1 AI50529), graciously supported by the US Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections, Surveillance Operations (AFHSC GEIS), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DTRA-CBEP), Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Google.org, the Skoll Foundation and the US Agency for International Development (USAID), whose support was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the USAID Emerging Pandemic Threats PREDICT program. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Government. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2222-1751 J9 EMERG MICROBES INFEC JI Emerg. Microbes Infect. PD JAN 22 PY 2014 VL 3 AR e7 DI 10.1038/emi.2014.7 PG 12 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AL6IV UT WOS:000339236800002 PM 26038495 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Sinsel, EW Shroyer, JF Warren, CM Welcome, DE Zhao, KD An, KN Buczek, FL AF Wu, John Z. Sinsel, Erik W. Shroyer, Justin F. Warren, Christopher M. Welcome, Daniel E. Zhao, Kristin D. An, Kai-Nan Buczek, Frank L. TI Analysis of the musculoskeletal loading of the thumb during pipetting - A pilot study SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Thumb; Muscle-tendon force; Pipette; Modeling; Inverse dynamics ID MUSCLES; WORK; HAND; DISORDERS; FORCE; TASKS; BIOMECHANICS; MODEL AB Previous epidemiological studies indicate that the use of thumb-push mechanical pipettes is associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the hand. The goal of the current study was to analyze the loading in the muscle-tendon units in the thumb during pipetting. The hand is modeled as a multi-body linkage system and includes four fingers (index, long, ring, and little finger), a thumb, and a palm segment. Since the current study is focused on the thumb, the model includes only nine muscles attached to the thumb via tendons. The time-histories of joint angles and push force at the pipette plunger during pipetting were determined experimentally and used as model input; whereas forces in the muscle-tendon units in the thumb were calculated via an inverse dynamic approach combined with an optimization procedure. Results indicate that all nine muscles have force outputs during pipetting, and the maximal force was in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB). The ratio of the mean peak muscle force to the mean peak push force during the dispensing cycle was approximately 2.3, which is comparable to values observed in grasping tasks in the literature. The analysis method and results in the current study provide a mechanistic understanding of MSD risk factors associated with pipetting, and may be useful in guiding ergonomic designs for manual pipettes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, John Z.; Sinsel, Erik W.; Shroyer, Justin F.; Warren, Christopher M.; Welcome, Daniel E.; Buczek, Frank L.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Zhao, Kristin D.; An, Kai-Nan] Mayo Clin, Biomech Lab, Div Orthoped Res, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS-2027, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jwu@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 EI 1873-2380 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 22 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.015 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 302JV UT WOS:000330601700011 PM 24290720 ER PT J AU O'Shea, TJ Bowen, RA Stanley, TR Shankar, V Rupprecht, CE AF O'Shea, Thomas J. Bowen, Richard A. Stanley, Thomas R. Shankar, Vidya Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Variability in Seroprevalence of Rabies Virus Neutralizing Antibodies and Associated Factors in a Colorado Population of Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus fuscus) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; NEW-MEXICO; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; LYSSAVIRUS TYPE-1; CAPTIVE COLONY; SURVIVAL; ECOLOGY AB In 2001-2005 we sampled permanently marked big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) at summer roosts in buildings at Fort Collins, Colorado, for rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (RVNA). Seroprevalence was higher in adult females (17.9%, n = 2,332) than males (9.4%, n = 128; P = 0.007) or volant juveniles (10.2%, n = 738; P<0.0001). Seroprevalence was lowest in a drought year with local insecticide use and highest in the year with normal conditions, suggesting that environmental stress may suppress RVNA production in big brown bats. Seroprevalence also increased with age of bat, and varied from 6.2 to 26.7% among adult females at five roosts sampled each year for five years. Seroprevalence of adult females at 17 other roosts sampled for 1 to 4 years ranged from 0.0 to 47.1%. Using logistic regression, the only ranking model in our candidate set of explanatory variables for serological status at first sampling included year, day of season, and a year by day of season interaction that varied with relative drought conditions. The presence or absence of antibodies in individual bats showed temporal variability. Year alone provided the best model to explain the likelihood of adult female bats showing a transition to seronegative from a previously seropositive state. Day of the season was the only competitive model to explain the likelihood of a transition from seronegative to seropositive, which increased as the season progressed. We found no rabies viral RNA in oropharyngeal secretions of 261 seropositive bats or in organs of 13 euthanized seropositive bats. Survival of seropositive and seronegative bats did not differ. The presence of RVNA in serum of bats should not be interpreted as evidence for ongoing rabies infection. C1 [O'Shea, Thomas J.; Stanley, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Bowen, Richard A.; Shankar, Vidya] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shankar, Vidya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts & Nevi. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. RP O'Shea, TJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM osheat@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases (EID) [0094959]; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (US Department of Homeland Security); Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health) FX Financial support was provided via a National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases (EID) grant 0094959 (http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5269&org=EF) to Colorado State University. RAB and TJO were supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate (US Department of Homeland Security) and the Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health; http://www.fic.nih.gov/about/staff/pages/epidemiology-population.aspx). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 22 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e86261 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0086261 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297VL UT WOS:000330283100134 PM 24465996 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV AF Kuklina, Elena V. TI Breastfeeding and Cardiometabolic Profile in Childhood How Infant Feeding, Preterm Birth, Socioeconomic Status, and Obesity May Fit Into the Puzzle SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE Editorials; breastfeeding; cardiovascular disease; obesity ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; SYMPOSIUM II INFANT; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; METAANALYSIS; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN; INTERVENTIONS; NUTRITION; ASSOCIATION C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-37, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 129 IS 3 BP 281 EP 284 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006941 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 292CV UT WOS:000329880700004 PM 24300436 ER PT J AU Go, AS Mozaffarian, D Roger, VL Benjamin, EJ Berry, JD Blaha, MJ Dai, SF Ford, ES Fox, CS Franco, S Fullerton, HJ Gillespie, C Hailpern, SM Heit, JA Howard, VJ Huffman, MD Judd, SE Kissela, BM Kittner, SJ Lackland, DT Lichtman, JH Lisabeth, LD Mackey, RH Magid, DJ Marcus, GM Marelli, A Matchar, DB McGuire, DK Mohler, ER Moy, CS Mussolino, ME Neumar, RW Nichol, G Pandey, DK Paynter, NP Reeves, MJ Sorlie, PD Stein, J Towfighi, A Turan, TN Virani, SS Wong, ND Woo, D Turner, MB AF Go, Alan S. Mozaffarian, Dariush Roger, Veronique L. Benjamin, Emelia J. Berry, Jarett D. Blaha, Michael J. Dai, Shifan Ford, Earl S. Fox, Caroline S. Franco, Sheila Fullerton, Heather J. Gillespie, Cathleen Hailpern, Susan M. Heit, John A. Howard, Virginia J. Huffman, Mark D. Judd, Suzanne E. Kissela, Brett M. Kittner, Steven J. Lackland, Daniel T. Lichtman, Judith H. Lisabeth, Lynda D. Mackey, Rachel H. Magid, David J. Marcus, Gregory M. Marelli, Ariane Matchar, David B. McGuire, Darren K. Mohler, Emile R., III Moy, Claudia S. Mussolino, Michael E. Neumar, Robert W. Nichol, Graham Pandey, Dilip K. Paynter, Nina P. Reeves, Matthew J. Sorlie, Paul D. Stein, Joel Towfighi, Amytis Turan, Tanya N. Virani, Salim S. Wong, Nathan D. Woo, Daniel Turner, Melanie B. CA Amer Heart Assoc Stroke Stat Stroke Statistics Subcomm TI Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2014 Update A Report From the American Heart Association SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE AHA Scientific Statements; cardiovascular diseases; epidemiology; risk factors; statistics; stroke C1 [Go, Alan S.] Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roger, Veronique L.; Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Benjamin, Emelia J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Berry, Jarett D.] UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX USA. [Blaha, Michael J.] Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dai, Shifan; Ford, Earl S.; Gillespie, Cathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fox, Caroline S.; Mussolino, Michael E.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD USA. [Franco, Sheila] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fullerton, Heather J.; Marcus, Gregory M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Howard, Virginia J.; Judd, Suzanne E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Huffman, Mark D.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Kissela, Brett M.; Woo, Daniel] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Kittner, Steven J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kittner, Steven J.] Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Washington, DC USA. [Lackland, Daniel T.; Turan, Tanya N.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Lichtman, Judith H.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lisabeth, Lynda D.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mackey, Rachel H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Magid, David J.] Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Denver, CO USA. [Marelli, Ariane] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Matchar, David B.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [McGuire, Darren K.] UT South western Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. [Mohler, Emile R., III] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Moy, Claudia S.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Neumar, Robert W.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Nichol, Graham] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pandey, Dilip K.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Paynter, Nina P.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Reeves, Matthew J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Sorlie, Paul D.] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Stein, Joel] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Towfighi, Amytis] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Turner, Melanie B.] Amer Heart Assoc, Dallas, TX USA. [Virani, Salim S.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Vet Affairs, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wong, Nathan D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Go, AS (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. OI Kissela, Brett/0000-0002-9773-4013; Mackey, Rachel/0000-0001-6088-2664; Matchar, David/0000-0003-3020-2108; Turan, Tanya/0000-0001-5399-8845; Huffman, Mark/0000-0001-7412-2519; Benjamin, Emelia/0000-0003-4076-2336; Virani, Salim/0000-0001-9541-6954 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001425] NR 2 TC 489 Z9 514 U1 4 U2 107 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 129 IS 3 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1161/01.cir.0000442015.53336.12 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 292CV UT WOS:000329880700020 PM 24446411 ER PT J AU Go, AS Mozaffarian, D Roger, VL Benjamin, EJ Berry, JD Blaha, MJ Dai, SF Ford, ES Fox, CS Franco, S Fullerton, HJ Gillespie, C Hailpern, SM Heit, JA Howard, VJ Huffman, MD Judd, SE Kissela, BM Kittner, SJ Lackland, DT Lichtman, JH Lisabeth, LD Mackey, RH Magid, DJ Marcus, GM Marelli, A Matchar, DB McGuire, DK Mohler, ER Moy, CS Mussolino, ME Neumar, RW Nichol, G Pandey, DK Paynter, NP Reeves, MJ Sorlie, PD Stein, J Towfighi, A Turan, TN Virani, SS Wong, ND Woo, D Turner, MB AF Go, Alan S. Mozaffarian, Dariush Roger, Veronique L. Benjamin, Emelia J. Berry, Jarett D. Blaha, Michael J. Dai, Shifan Ford, Earl S. Fox, Caroline S. Franco, Sheila Fullerton, Heather J. Gillespie, Cathleen Hailpern, Susan M. Heit, John A. Howard, Virginia J. Huffman, Mark D. Judd, Suzanne E. Kissela, Brett M. Kittner, Steven J. Lackland, Daniel T. Lichtman, Judith H. Lisabeth, Lynda D. Mackey, Rachel H. Magid, David J. Marcus, Gregory M. Marelli, Ariane Matchar, David B. McGuire, Darren K. Mohler, Emile R., III Moy, Claudia S. Mussolino, Michael E. Neumar, Robert W. Nichol, Graham Pandey, Dilip K. Paynter, Nina P. Reeves, Matthew J. Sorlie, Paul D. Stein, Joel Towfighi, Amytis Turan, Tanya N. Virani, Salim S. Wong, Nathan D. Woo, Daniel Turner, Melanie B. CA Amer Heart Assoc Stat Comm Stroke Stat Subcomm TI Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2014 Update A Report From the American Heart Association SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE AHA Scientific Statements; cardiovascular diseases; epidemiology; risk factors; statistics; stroke C1 [Go, Alan S.] Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mozaffarian, Dariush] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roger, Veronique L.; Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Benjamin, Emelia J.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Berry, Jarett D.] UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX USA. [Blaha, Michael J.] Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dai, Shifan; Ford, Earl S.; Gillespie, Cathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fox, Caroline S.; Mussolino, Michael E.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD USA. [Franco, Sheila] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fullerton, Heather J.; Marcus, Gregory M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Howard, Virginia J.; Judd, Suzanne E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Huffman, Mark D.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Kissela, Brett M.; Woo, Daniel] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Kittner, Steven J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kittner, Steven J.] Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Washington, DC USA. [Lackland, Daniel T.; Turan, Tanya N.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Lichtman, Judith H.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lisabeth, Lynda D.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mackey, Rachel H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Magid, David J.] Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Denver, CO USA. [Marelli, Ariane] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Matchar, David B.] Duke Univ, Ctr Med, Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [McGuire, Darren K.] UT South Western Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. [Mohler, Emile R., III] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Moy, Claudia S.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Neumar, Robert W.] Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Nichol, Graham] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pandey, Dilip K.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Paynter, Nina P.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Reeves, Matthew J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Sorlie, Paul D.] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Stein, Joel] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Towfighi, Amytis] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Turner, Melanie B.] Amer Heart Assoc, Dallas, TX USA. [Virani, Salim S.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Vet Affairs, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Wong, Nathan D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Go, AS (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. OI Mackey, Rachel/0000-0001-6088-2664; Matchar, David/0000-0003-3020-2108; Turan, Tanya/0000-0001-5399-8845; Huffman, Mark/0000-0001-7412-2519; Benjamin, Emelia/0000-0003-4076-2336; Virani, Salim/0000-0001-9541-6954; Kissela, Brett/0000-0002-9773-4013 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001425] NR 2 TC 2256 Z9 2326 U1 23 U2 268 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 129 IS 3 BP E28 EP E292 DI 10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80 PG 267 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 292CV UT WOS:000329880700002 PM 24352519 ER PT J AU Bruxvoort, K Goodman, C Kachur, SP Schellenberg, D AF Bruxvoort, Katia Goodman, Catherine Kachur, S. Patrick Schellenberg, David TI How Patients Take Malaria Treatment: A Systematic Review of the Literature on Adherence to Antimalarial Drugs SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ARTESUNATE-MEFLOQUINE COMBINATION; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; HOME TREATMENT; VIVAX MALARIA; COMMUNITY EFFECTIVENESS; PRIMAQUINE TREATMENT; CHILDHOOD FEVERS AB Background: High levels of patient adherence to antimalarial treatment are important in ensuring drug effectiveness. To achieve this goal, it is important to understand levels of patient adherence, and the range of study designs and methodological challenges involved in measuring adherence and interpreting results. Since antimalarial adherence was reviewed in 2004, there has been a major expansion in the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in the public sector, as well as initiatives to make them more widely accessible through community health workers and private retailers. These changes and the large number of recent adherence studies raise the need for an updated review on this topic. Objective: We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting quantitative results on patient adherence to antimalarials obtained for treatment. Results: The 55 studies identified reported extensive variation in patient adherence to antimalarials, with many studies reporting very high adherence (90-100%) and others finding adherence of less than 50%. We identified five overarching approaches to assessing adherence based on the definition of adherence and the methods used to measure it. Overall, there was no clear pattern in adherence results by approach. However, adherence tended to be higher among studies where informed consent was collected at the time of obtaining the drug, where patient consultations were directly observed by research staff, and where a diagnostic test was obtained. Conclusion: Variations in reported adherence may reflect factors related to patient characteristics and the nature of their consultation with the provider, as well as methodological variations such as interaction between the research team and patients before and during the treatment. Future studies can benefit from an awareness of the impact of study procedures on adherence outcomes, and the identification of improved measurement methods less dependent on self-report. C1 [Bruxvoort, Katia; Goodman, Catherine; Schellenberg, David] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Bruxvoort, Katia] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Kachur, S. Patrick] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bruxvoort, K (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. EM katia.bruxvoort@lshtm.ac.uk FU ACT Consortium through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [PHGB VG0410] FX The work was funded by the ACT Consortium through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (www.actconsortium.org, PHGB VG0410). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 20 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e84555 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084555 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297FH UT WOS:000330240500018 PM 24465418 ER PT J AU Parks, SE Johnson, LL McDaniel, DD Gladden, M AF Parks, Sharyn E. Johnson, Linda L. McDaniel, Dawn D. Gladden, Matthew TI Surveillance for Violent Deaths - National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 States, 2010 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article AB Problem/Condition: An estimated 55,000 persons die annually in the United States as a result of violence-related injuries. This report summarizes data from CDC's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) regarding violent deaths from 16 U. S. states for 2010. Results are reported by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, marital status, location of injury, method of injury, circumstances of injury, and other selected characteristics. Reporting Period Covered: 2010. Description of System: NVDRS collects data regarding violent deaths obtained from death certificates, coroner/medical examiner reports, law enforcement reports, and secondary sources (e. g., child fatality review team data, supplementary homicide reports, hospital data, and crime laboratory data). NVDRS data collection began in 2003 with seven states (Alaska, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, South Carolina, and Virginia) participating; six states (Colorado, Georgia, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin) joined in 2004, four (California, Kentucky, New Mexico, and Utah) in 2005, and two in 2010 (Ohio and Michigan), for a total of 19 states. This report includes data from 16 states that collected statewide data in 2010; data from California are not included in this report because data were not collected after 2009. Ohio and Michigan were excluded because data collection, which began in 2010, did not occur statewide until 2011. Results: For 2010, a total of 15,781 fatal incidents involving 16,186 deaths were captured by NVDRS in the 16 states included in this report. The majority (62.8%) of deaths were suicides, followed by homicides and deaths involving legal intervention (i.e., deaths caused by law enforcement and other persons with legal authority to use deadly force, excluding legal executions) (24.4%), deaths of undetermined intent (12.2%), and unintentional firearm deaths (0.7%). Suicides occurred at higher rates among males, non-Hispanic whites, American Indians/Alaska Natives, and persons aged 45-54 years. Suicides most often occurred in a house or apartment and involved the use of firearms. Suicides were preceded primarily by a mental health or intimate partner problem, a crisis during the previous 2 weeks, or a physical health problem. Homicides occurred at higher rates among males and persons aged 20-24 years; rates were highest among non-Hispanic black males. The majority of homicides involved the use of a firearm and occurred in a house or apartment or on a street/highway. Homicides were precipitated primarily by arguments and interpersonal conflicts or in conjunction with another crime. Interpretation: This report provides a detailed summary of data from NVDRS for 2010. The results indicate that violent deaths resulting from self-inflicted or interpersonal violence disproportionately affected persons aged < 55 years, males, and certain minority populations. For homicides and suicides, relationship problems, interpersonal conflicts, mental health problems, and recent crises were among the primary precipitating factors. Because additional information might be reported subsequently as participating states update their findings, the data provided in this report are preliminary. Public Health Action: For the occurrence of violent deaths in the United States to be better understood and ultimately prevented, accurate, timely, and comprehensive surveillance data are necessary. NVDRS data can be used to monitor the occurrence of violence-related fatal injuries and assist public health authorities in the development, implementation, and evaluation of programs and policies to reduce and prevent violent deaths at the national, state, and local levels. NVDRS data have been used to enhance prevention programs. Examples include use of linked NVDRS data and adult protective service data to better target elder maltreatment prevention programs and improve staff training to identify violent death risks for older adults in North Carolina, use of Oklahoma VDRS homicide data to help evaluate the effectiveness of a new police and advocate intervention at domestic violence incident scenes, and data-informed changes in primary care practice in Oregon to more effectively address older adult suicide prevention. The continued development and expansion of NVDRS is essential to CDC's efforts to reduce the personal, familial, and societal impacts of violence. Further efforts are needed to increase the number of states participating in NVDRS, with an ultimate goal of full national representation. C1 [Parks, Sharyn E.; McDaniel, Dawn D.; Gladden, Matthew] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Linda L.] Acentia Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gladden, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkv7@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 43 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 34 PG 34 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 302TK UT WOS:000330627600001 PM 24430165 ER PT J AU Mosser, JF Grant, LR Millar, EV Weatherholtz, RC Jackson, DM Beall, B Craig, MJ Reid, R Santosham, M O'Brien, KL AF Mosser, Jonathan F. Grant, Lindsay R. Millar, Eugene V. Weatherholtz, Robert C. Jackson, Delois M. Beall, Bernard Craig, Mariddie J. Reid, Raymond Santosham, Mathuram O'Brien, Katherine L. TI Nasopharyngeal Carriage and Transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae in American Indian Households after a Decade of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LONGITUDINAL HOUSEHOLD; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; HIGH-RISK; DISEASE; CHILDREN; SEROTYPE; COLONIZATION; INFANTS; 6C; COMMUNITIES AB Background: Young children played a major role in pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage, acquisition, and transmission in the era before pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) use. Few studies document pneumococcal household dynamics in the routine-PCV7 era. Methods: We investigated age-specific acquisition, household introduction, carriage clearance, and intra-household transmission in a prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in 300 American Indian households comprising 1,072 participants between March 2006 and March 2008. Results: Pneumococcal acquisition rates were 2-6 times higher in children than adults. More household introductions of new pneumococcal strains were attributable to children <9 years than adults >= 17 years (p<0.001), and older children (2-8 years) than younger children (<2 years) (p<0.008). Compared to children <2 years, carriage clearance was more rapid in older children (2-4 years, HRclearance 1.53 [95% CI: 1.22, 1.91]; 5-8 years, HRclearance 1.71 [1.36, 2.15]) and adults (HRclearance 1.75 [1.16, 2.64]). Exposure to serotype-specific carriage in older children (2-8 years) most consistently increased the odds of subsequently acquiring that serotype for other household members. Conclusions: In this community with a high burden of pneumococcal colonization and disease and routine PCV7 use, children (particularly older children 2-8 years) drive intra-household pneumococcal transmission: first, by acquiring, introducing, and harboring pneumococcus within the household, and then by transmitting acquired serotypes more efficiently than household members of other ages. C1 [Mosser, Jonathan F.; Grant, Lindsay R.; Weatherholtz, Robert C.; Reid, Raymond; Santosham, Mathuram; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Millar, Eugene V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Jackson, Delois M.; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Craig, Mariddie J.] White Mt Apache Tribe, Whiteriver, AZ USA. RP Grant, LR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lgrant@jhsph.edu; klobrien@jhsph.edu FU PneumoCarr Consortium; Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (US); Wellcome Trust; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Native American Research Centers for Health [U26IHS300013/03]; National Institutes of Health; Indian Health Service; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Vaccine Program Office; Thrasher Research Fund FX This work was supported by the PneumoCarr Consortium funded by the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative which is supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (US), the Wellcome Trust and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. This study was additionally supported by The Native American Research Centers for Health [U26IHS300013/03], a joint initiative between the National Institutes of Health and Indian Health Service to reduce Native health disparities and build tribal autonomy in conducting health research. This study was also funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Vaccine Program Office and the Thrasher Research Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e79578 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0079578 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297EA UT WOS:000330237000002 PM 24465365 ER PT J AU Agaku, IT King, BA Dube, SR AF Agaku, Israel T. King, Brian A. Dube, Shanta R. TI Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults - United States, 2005-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CAMPAIGN C1 [Agaku, Israel T.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Agaku, Israel T.; King, Brian A.; Dube, Shanta R.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 226 Z9 228 U1 1 U2 13 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EU UT WOS:000330026400001 PM 24430098 ER PT J AU Ruktanonchai, D Lowe, M Norton, SA Garrett, T Soghier, L Weiss, E Hatfield, J Lapinski, J Abrams, S Barfield, W AF Ruktanonchai, Duke Lowe, Michael Norton, Scott A. Garrett, Tiana Soghier, Lamia Weiss, Edward Hatfield, June Lapinski, Jeffrey Abrams, Steven Barfield, Wanda TI Zinc Deficiency-Associated Dermatitis in Infants During a Nationwide Shortage of Injectable Zinc - Washington, DC, and Houston, Texas, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; TRACE-ELEMENTS C1 [Ruktanonchai, Duke; Lowe, Michael; Garrett, Tiana] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Norton, Scott A.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Soghier, Lamia; Hatfield, June; Lapinski, Jeffrey] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Weiss, Edward; Abrams, Steven] CDC, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Off, Off Publ Hlth Sci Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barfield, Wanda] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ruktanonchai, D (reprint author), CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM druktanonchai@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 35 EP 37 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EU UT WOS:000330026400002 PM 24430099 ER PT J AU Spivak, HR Jenkins, EL VanAudenhove, K Lee, D Kelly, M Iskander, J AF Spivak, Howard R. Jenkins, E. Lynn VanAudenhove, Kristi Lee, Debbie Kelly, Mim Iskander, John TI CDC Grand Rounds: A Public Health Approach to Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SAFE DATES; PROGRAM; PERPETRATION C1 [Spivak, Howard R.; Jenkins, E. Lynn] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [VanAudenhove, Kristi] Virginia Sexual & Domest Violence Act Alliance, Richmond, VA USA. [Lee, Debbie] Futures Violence, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kelly, Mim; Iskander, John] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kelly, M (reprint author), CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkelly2@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 38 EP 41 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EU UT WOS:000330026400003 PM 24430100 ER PT J AU Tsai, RJ Sievert, J Prado, J Buhl, K Stone, DL Forrester, M Higgins, S Mitchell, Y Schwartz, A Calvert, GM AF Tsai, Rebecca J. Sievert, Jennifer Prado, Joanne Buhl, Kaci Stone, Dave L. Forrester, Mathias Higgins, Shelia Mitchell, Yvette Schwartz, Abby Calvert, Geoffrey M. CA Incident Reporting Program TI Acute Illness Associated with Use of Pest Strips - Seven US States and Canada, 2000-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Tsai, Rebecca J.; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Sievert, Jennifer; Prado, Joanne] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Incident Reporting Program] Hlth Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Buhl, Kaci; Stone, Dave L.] Natl Pesticide Informat Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA. [Forrester, Mathias] Texas Dept State Hlth Svcs, Austin, TX USA. [Higgins, Shelia] North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Mitchell, Yvette] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Schwartz, Abby] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Tsai, RJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM rtsai@cdc.gov OI Tsai, Rebecca/0000-0001-8656-9836 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 42 EP 43 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EU UT WOS:000330026400004 PM 24430101 ER PT J AU Duque, J McMorrow, ML Cohen, AL AF Duque, Jazmin McMorrow, Meredith L. Cohen, Adam L. TI Influenza vaccines and influenza antiviral drugs in Africa: are they available and do guidelines for their use exist? SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Antiviral; Drugs; Policy; Recommendations; Africa ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; SOUTH-AFRICA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; BURDEN AB Background: Influenza viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality in Africa, particularly among high-risk groups, but influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs may not be commonly available and used. The main aim of this study was to determine the availability and use of influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs as well as to describe existing related guidelines and policies in Africa. Methods: A self-administered survey was distributed among key influenza experts in 40 African countries. Results: Of the 40 countries surveyed, 31 (78%) responded; 14/31 (45%) reported availability of seasonal influenza vaccine, and 19/31 (65%) reported availability of antiviral drugs for the treatment of influenza. Vaccine coverage data were only available for 4/14 (29%) countries that reported availability of seasonal influenza vaccine and ranged from <0.5% to 2% of the population. Conclusions: Influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs are available in many countries in Africa but coverage estimates are low and remain largely unknown. Describing the local burden of disease and identifying funding are essential to encourage countries to use influenza vaccine more widely. C1 [Duque, Jazmin; McMorrow, Meredith L.; Cohen, Adam L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Influenza Div, Int Epidemiol & Res Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Duque, Jazmin] Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McMorrow, Meredith L.; Cohen, Adam L.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Cohen, Adam L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent South Africa, Influenza Program, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Duque, J (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Influenza Div, Int Epidemiol & Res Team, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jduque@cdc.gov OI Duque, Jazmin/0000-0003-3484-276X NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JAN 16 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 41 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-41 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7QM UT WOS:000331292000002 PM 24433304 ER PT J AU Haque, R Snider, C Liu, Y Ma, JZ Liu, L Nayak, U Mychaleckyj, JC Korpe, P Mondal, D Kabir, M Alam, M Pallansch, M Oberste, MS Weldon, W Kirkpatrick, BD Petri, WA AF Haque, Rashidul Snider, Cynthia Liu, Yue Ma, Jennie Z. Liu, Lei Nayak, Uma Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. Korpe, Poonum Mondal, Dinesh Kabir, Mamun Alam, Masud Pallansch, Mark Oberste, M. Steven Weldon, William Kirkpatrick, Beth D. Petri, William A., Jr. TI Oral polio vaccine response in breast fed infants with malnutrition and diarrhea SO VACCINE LA English DT Article ID BANGLADESHI INFANTS; HUMAN ROTAVIRUS; ENTEROPATHY; INFECTION; CHILDREN; INDIA; MILK AB Oral vaccines for polio (OPV) and rotavirus are less effective in children in the developing world. The reasons for this are not well understood. We tested for risk factors for poor response to OPV in infants from an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Diminished serum neutralizing response to OPV, but not failure of intramuscularly administered vaccines, was associated with malnutrition, diarrhea, and shorter breastfeeding duration. Children with malnutrition (WAZ < -2) had significantly lower OPV 3 titers (p = 0.029). Children who had 2 or more diarrhea episodes during the 1st months of life were more than twice as likely to experience OPV failure as those who had 1 diarrhea episode or no diarrhea (p = 0.0245). In contrast, each additional month in exclusive breastfeeding was associated with an increase in OPV 3 titer by 0.41 (p = 0.0072) and 0.16 (p = 0.0065) at the 25th and 50th percentiles of OPV 3 titers respectively. These data are consistent with a defect in induction of immunity in the gut for OPV but not parenteral vaccines, a defect that may be amenable to intervention in part via promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Haque, Rashidul; Mondal, Dinesh; Kabir, Mamun; Alam, Masud] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Snider, Cynthia; Liu, Yue; Ma, Jennie Z.; Nayak, Uma; Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.; Korpe, Poonum; Petri, William A., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Liu, Lei] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Pallansch, Mark; Oberste, M. Steven; Weldon, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirkpatrick, Beth D.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Burlington, VT USA. RP Petri, WA (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Carter Harrison Med Res Bldg,Room 1709A, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM wap3g@virginia.edu RI Liu, Lei/B-4968-2009 OI Liu, Lei/0000-0003-1844-338X FU NIH [AI-43596]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX We thank the families of Mirpur for their participation in and support for the study. Roland Sutter, Walter Orenstein, Pearay Ogra, Tom Brewer, Chris Wilson, Nic Grassly, and Jacob John have been invaluable sources of advice. We thank William S. Hendley, Yiting Zhang, Sharla L McDonald, and Deborah D. Moore for the performance of the serum neutralizing antibody responses. Supported by NIH Grant AI-43596 and by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 16 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 4 BP 478 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.056 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 296AQ UT WOS:000330157900008 PM 24300591 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, MAC Vivero, RJ Velez, ID Porter, CH Uribe, S AF Contreras Gutierrez, Maria Angelica Vivero, Rafael J. Velez, Ivan D. Porter, Charles H. Uribe, Sandra TI DNA Barcoding for the Identification of Sand Fly Species (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Colombia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OXIDASE SUBUNIT-I; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; FLIES DIPTERA; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; INSECT ORDERS; CYTOCHROME-B; RAIN-FOREST; VECTORS; TAXONOMY AB Sand flies include a group of insects that are of medical importance and that vary in geographic distribution, ecology, and pathogen transmission. Approximately 163 species of sand flies have been reported in Colombia. Surveillance of the presence of sand fly species and the actualization of species distribution are important for predicting risks for and monitoring the expansion of diseases which sand flies can transmit. Currently, the identification of phlebotomine sand flies is based on morphological characters. However, morphological identification requires considerable skills and taxonomic expertise. In addition, significant morphological similarity between some species, especially among females, may cause difficulties during the identification process. DNA-based approaches have become increasingly useful and promising tools for estimating sand fly diversity and for ensuring the rapid and accurate identification of species. A partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit I (COI) is currently being used to differentiate species in different animal taxa, including insects, and it is referred as a barcoding sequence. The present study explored the utility of the DNA barcode approach for the identification of phlebotomine sand flies in Colombia. We sequenced 700 bp of the COI gene from 36 species collected from different geographic localities. The COI barcode sequence divergence within a single species was <2% in most cases, whereas this divergence ranged from 9% to 26.6% among different species. These results indicated that the barcoding gene correctly discriminated among the previously morphologically identified species with an efficacy of nearly 100%. Analyses of the generated sequences indicated that the observed species groupings were consistent with the morphological identifications. In conclusion, the barcoding gene was useful for species discrimination in sand flies from Colombia. C1 [Contreras Gutierrez, Maria Angelica; Vivero, Rafael J.; Velez, Ivan D.] Univ Antioquia, Program Study & Control Trop Dis, Medellin, Colombia. [Porter, Charles H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Uribe, Sandra] Univ Nacl Colombia, Mol Systemat Grp, Medellin, Colombia. RP Gutierrez, MAC (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Program Study & Control Trop Dis, Medellin, Colombia. EM maria.contreras@pecet-colombia.org FU Program of Study and Control of Tropical Diseases (PECET); Molecular Systematics Group; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work received financial support from Program of Study and Control of Tropical Diseases (PECET), Molecular Systematics Group and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) project Influence of Global Warming on Vector-borne Disease Transmission in Colombia. The funding institutions, PECET, GSM and CDC, had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish and preparation of the manuscript. NR 87 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 28 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e85496 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0085496 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297DH UT WOS:000330235100093 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Baggs, J Zerr, DM Klein, NP Yih, K Glanz, J Curns, AT Weintraub, E Parashar, UD AF Payne, Daniel C. Baggs, James Zerr, Danielle M. Klein, Nicola P. Yih, Katherine Glanz, Jason Curns, Aaron T. Weintraub, Eric Parashar, Umesh D. TI Protective Association Between Rotavirus Vaccination and Childhood Seizures in the Year Following Vaccination in US Children SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; vaccine; seizures; surveillance; vaccine safety ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; AFEBRILE SEIZURES; FEBRILE SEIZURES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE; CONVULSIONS; ANTIGENEMIA AB Background. Rotavirus illness has been linked to childhood seizures. We investigated whether a protective association exists between receipt of rotavirus vaccine and being hospitalized or visiting the emergency department for seizures in the year after vaccination. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of children born after 28 February 2006 (when rotavirus vaccine was licensed in the United States) and enrolled in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) through November 2009. Seizure rates from 4 to 55 weeks following last rotavirus vaccination were compared by vaccine exposure status (fully vaccinated and unvaccinated). A time-to-event analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model was performed, accounting for time-varying covariates. We calculated the relative incidence of seizure compared by vaccine exposure status during the postexposure interval. Results. Our cohort contained VSD data on 250 601 infants, including 186 502 children fully vaccinated (74.4%) and 64 099 (25.6%) not vaccinated with rotavirus vaccine. Rates of seizures were associated with rotavirus vaccination status. After adjusting for covariates (VSD site, age at last dose, sex, and calendar month of the index date), a statistically significant protective association was observed between a full course of rotavirus vaccination vs no vaccination for both first-ever seizures (risk ratio [RR] = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], .73-.91) and all seizures (RR = 0.79; 95% CI, .71-.88). Conclusions. A full course of rotavirus vaccination was statistically associated with an 18%-21% reduction in risk of seizure requiring hospitalization or emergency department care in the year following vaccination, compared with unvaccinated children. This reduction in childhood seizures complements the well-documented vaccine-related benefit of preventing US diarrhea hospitalizations. C1 [Payne, Daniel C.; Curns, Aaron T.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baggs, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent & Response Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zerr, Danielle M.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zerr, Danielle M.] Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Yih, Katherine] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Yih, Katherine] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Glanz, Jason] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov OI Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU CDC FX This evaluation was funded by the CDC. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.1093/cid/cit671 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 281WI UT WOS:000329131300006 PM 24265355 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Damon, IK AF McCollum, Andrea M. Damon, Inger K. TI Human Monkeypox SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE monkeypox; Orthopoxvirus; smallpox ID SMALLPOX VACCINATION; VACCINIA VIRUS; CONGO BASIN; WEST-AFRICAN; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PROTECTION; OUTBREAK; MODEL; ASSAY AB Human monkeypox is a zoonotic Orthopoxvirus with a presentation similar to smallpox. Clinical differentiation of the disease from smallpox and varicella is difficult. Laboratory diagnostics are principal components to identification and surveillance of disease, and new tests are needed for a more precise and rapid diagnosis. The majority of human infections occur in Central Africa, where surveillance in rural areas with poor infrastructure is difficult but can be accomplished with evidence-guided tools and educational materials to inform public health workers of important principles. Contemporary epidemiological studies are needed now that populations do not receive routine smallpox vaccination. New therapeutics and vaccines offer hope for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox; however, more research must be done before they are ready to be deployed in an endemic setting. There is a need for more research in the epidemiology, ecology, and biology of the virus in endemic areas to better understand and prevent human infections. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 260 EP 267 DI 10.1093/cid/cit703 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 281WI UT WOS:000329131300020 PM 24158414 ER PT J AU Tan, KR Wiegand, RE Arguin, PM AF Tan, Kathrine R. Wiegand, Ryan E. Arguin, Paul M. TI American Society for Apheresis Guidelines Support Use of Red Cell Exchange Transfusion for Severe Malaria With High Parasitemia Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Tan, Kathrine R.; Wiegand, Ryan E.; Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tan, KR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A6, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ktan@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 303 EP U193 DI 10.1093/cid/cit664 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 281WI UT WOS:000329131300027 PM 24092803 ER PT J AU Tartof, SY Gounder, P Weiss, D Lee, L Cassiday, PK Clark, TA Briere, EC AF Tartof, Sara Y. Gounder, Prabhu Weiss, Don Lee, Lillian Cassiday, Pamela K. Clark, Thomas A. Briere, Elizabeth C. CA Bordetella Holmesii Working Grp TI Bordetella holmesii Bacteremia Cases in the United States, April 2010-January 2011 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bordetella holmesii; bacteremia; asplenia; pertussis ID PERTUSSIS-LIKE SYMPTOMS; OUTBREAK; PATIENT AB We describe the first report of temporally related cases of Bordetella holmesii bacteremia. Demographic and clinical data were collected through chart abstraction and case-patient interviews. Twenty-two cases were identified from 6 states. Symptom onset dates ranged from April 2010 to January 2011. Median age of patients was 17.1 years and 64% had functional or anatomic asplenia. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of a sample of isolates were identical. These cases occurred during a peak in pertussis outbreaks with documented cases of B. holmesii/Bordetella pertussis respiratory coinfection; whether there is a link between B. holmesii respiratory and bloodstream infection is unknown. C1 [Tartof, Sara Y.; Cassiday, Pamela K.; Clark, Thomas A.; Briere, Elizabeth C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gounder, Prabhu; Weiss, Don] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Lee, Lillian] New York City Dept Hlth, Microbiol Sect, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Lee, Lillian] Mental Hyg Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Tartof, SY (reprint author), So Calif Permanente Med Grp, Dept Res & Evaluat, 100 S Los Robles, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM startof@gmail.com FU CDC FX This work was supported by internal funding from the CDC. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP E39 EP E43 DI 10.1093/cid/cit669 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 281WI UT WOS:000329131300001 PM 24092805 ER PT J AU Shea, KM Kammerer, JS Winston, CA Navin, TR Horsburgh, CR AF Shea, Kimberly M. Kammerer, J. Steve Winston, Carla A. Navin, Thomas R. Horsburgh, C. Robert, Jr. TI Estimated Rate of Reactivation of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the United States, Overall and by Population Subgroup SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE latent tuberculosis infection; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; reactivation tuberculosis; tuberculosis ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITIES; COHORT; BORN AB We estimated the rate of reactivation tuberculosis (TB) in the United States, overall and by population subgroup, using data on TB cases and Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate genotyping reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during 20062008. The rate of reactivation TB was defined as the number of non-genotypically clustered TB cases divided by the number of person-years at risk for reactivation due to prevalent latent TB infection (LTBI). LTBI was ascertained from tuberculin skin tests given during the 19992000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Clustering of TB cases was determined using TB genotyping data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed via spatial scan statistic. Of the 39,920 TB cases reported during 20062008, 79.7 were attributed to reactivation. The overall rate of reactivation TB among persons with LTBI was estimated as 0.084 (95 confidence interval (CI): 0.083, 0.085) cases per 100 person-years. Rates among persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus coinfection were 1.82 (95 CI: 1.74, 1.89) and 0.073 (95 CI: 0.070, 0.075) cases per 100 person-years, respectively. The rate of reactivation TB among persons with LTBI was higher among foreign-born persons (0.098 cases/100 person-years; 95 CI: 0.096, 0.10) than among persons born in the United States (0.082 cases/100 person-years; 95 CI: 0.080, 0.083). Differences in rates of TB reactivation across subgroups support current recommendations for targeted testing and treatment of LTBI. C1 [Shea, Kimberly M.; Horsburgh, C. Robert, Jr.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Kammerer, J. Steve] Northrup Grumman Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Winston, Carla A.; Navin, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shea, KM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 715 Albany St,Room 322 East, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM kimshea@bu.edu NR 26 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 179 IS 2 BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.1093/aje/kwt246 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 281UV UT WOS:000329127400013 PM 24142915 ER PT J AU Chirwa, LI Johnson, JA Niska, RW Segolodi, TM Henderson, FL Rose, CE Li, JF Thigpen, MC Matlhaba, O Paxton, LA Brooks, JT AF Chirwa, Lovemore I. Johnson, Jeffrey A. Niska, Richard W. Segolodi, Tebogo M. Henderson, Faith L. Rose, Charles E. Li, Jin-fen Thigpen, Michael C. Matlhaba, Onkabetse Paxton, Lynn A. Brooks, John T. TI CD4(+) cell count, viral load, and drug resistance patterns among heterosexual breakthrough HIV infections in a study of oral preexposure prophylaxis SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE CD4(+) cell; HIV drug resistance; HIV seroconversion; oral preexposure prophylaxis; viral load AB We examined CD4(+) cell count and plasma viral load patterns among Botswana TDF/FTC Oral HIV Prophylaxis Trial (TDF2 study) participants who seroconverted, comparing participants assigned to receive tenofovir/emtricitabine with participants assigned to receive placebo. We also evaluated for antiretroviral drug resistance among the breakthrough HIV infections. Among nine seroconverters assigned to tenofovir/emtricitabine and 24 to placebo, there were no significant differences in their CD4(+) cell count or viral load profiles over time. Of the four participants who seroconverted on-study while receiving tenofovir/emtricitabine, none became infected as a result of drug-resistant HIV; moreover, no resistance mutations emerged following seroconversion. (c) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Chirwa, Lovemore I.; Segolodi, Tebogo M.; Matlhaba, Onkabetse] CDC BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Niska, Richard W.; Henderson, Faith L.; Rose, Charles E.; Li, Jin-fen; Thigpen, Michael C.; Paxton, Lynn A.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health; TDF2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00448669. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN 14 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000102 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 282QZ UT WOS:000329188800009 PM 24361682 ER PT J AU Richmond, TK Elliott, MN Franzini, L Kawachi, I Caughy, MO Gilliland, MJ Walls, CE Franklin, FA Lowry, R Banspach, SW Schuster, MA AF Richmond, Tracy K. Elliott, Marc N. Franzini, Luisa Kawachi, Ichiro Caughy, Margaret O. Gilliland, M. Janice Walls, Courtney E. Franklin, Frank A. Lowry, Richard Banspach, Stephen W. Schuster, Mark A. TI School Programs and Characteristics and Their Influence on Student BMI: Findings from Healthy Passages SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OBESITY PREVENTION AB Background: Little is known about the contribution of school contextual factors to individual student body mass index (BMI). We set out to determine if school characteristics/resources: (1) are associated with student BMI; (2) explain racial/ethnic disparities in student BMI; and (3) explain school-level differences in student BMI. Methods: Using gender-stratified multi-level modeling strategies we examined the association of school characteristics/resources and individual BMI in 4,387 5th graders in the Healthy Passages Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Additionally, we examined the association of race/ethnicity and individual BMI as well as the between-school variance in BMI before and after adding individual and school characteristics to test for attenuation. Results: The school-level median household income, but not physical activity or nutrition resources, was inversely associated with female BMI (beta = 20.12, CI: -0.21,-0.02). Neither school demographics nor physical activity/nutrition resources were predictive of individual BMI in males. In Black females, school characteristics attenuated the association of race/ethnicity and BMI. Individual student characteristics-not school characteristics/resources-reduced the between-school variation in BMI in males by nearly one-third and eliminated it in females. Conclusions: In this cohort of 5th graders, school SES was inversely associated with female BMI while school characteristics and resources largely explained Black/White disparities in female weight status. Between-school differences in average student weight status were largely explained by the composition of the student body not by school characteristics or programming. C1 [Richmond, Tracy K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Adolescent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Elliott, Marc N.] RAND Corp, Stat, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Franzini, Luisa] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Management Policy & Community Hlth, Blue Cross & Blue Shield Texas Res Program Paymen, Houston, TX USA. [Kawachi, Ichiro] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Caughy, Margaret O.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Dallas, TX USA. [Walls, Courtney E.] Decis Resources, Epidemiol, Burlington, MA USA. [Franklin, Frank A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Lowry, Richard; Banspach, Stephen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Richmond, TK (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Adolescent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM tracy.richmond@childrens.harvard.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers [U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [NICHD K01 HD058042] FX The Healthy Passages Study is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers (cooperative agreements U48DP000046, U48DP000057, and U48DP000056). Tracy Richmond is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Career Development award (NICHD K01 HD058042). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 13 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e83254 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0083254 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 292SL UT WOS:000329922500005 PM 24454697 ER PT J AU Ioannidis, JPA Greenland, S Hlatky, MA Khoury, MJ Macleod, MR Moher, D Schulz, KF Tibshirani, R AF Ioannidis, John P. A. Greenland, Sander Hlatky, Mark A. Khoury, Muin J. Macleod, Malcolm R. Moher, David Schulz, Kenneth F. Tibshirani, Robert TI Increasing value and reducing waste in research design, conduct, and analysis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID CONFLICTS-OF-INTEREST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PATIENT-IMPORTANT OUTCOMES; HUMAN GENOME EPIDEMIOLOGY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; REPRODUCIBLE RESEARCH; VALIDATION PRACTICES; CUMULATIVE EVIDENCE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; PRAGMATIC TRIALS AB Correctable weaknesses in the design, conduct, and analysis of biomedical and public health research studies can produce misleading results and waste valuable resources. Small effects can be difficult to distinguish from bias introduced by study design and analyses. An absence of detailed written protocols and poor documentation of research is common. Information obtained might not be useful or important, and statistical precision or power is often too low or used in a misleading way. Insufficient consideration might be given to both previous and continuing studies. Arbitrary choice of analyses and an overemphasis on random extremes might affect the reported findings. Several problems relate to the research workforce, including failure to involve experienced statisticians and methodologists, failure to train clinical researchers and laboratory scientists in research methods and design, and the involvement of stakeholders with conflicts of interest. Inadequate emphasis is placed on recording of research decisions and on reproducibility of research. Finally, reward systems incentivise quantity more than quality, and novelty more than reliability. We propose potential solutions for these problems, including improvements in protocols and documentation, consideration of evidence from studies in progress, standardisation of research efforts, optimisation and training of an experienced and non-conflicted scientific workforce, and reconsideration of scientific reward systems. C1 [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hlatky, Mark A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hlatky, Mark A.] Stanford Univ, Div Hlth Serv Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Tibshirani, Robert] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.; Tibshirani, Robert] Stanford Univ, Dept Stat, Sch Humanities & Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Meta Res Innovat Ctr Stanford METRICS, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Greenland, Sander] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Greenland, Sander] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Stat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Macleod, Malcolm R.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Med, Dept Clin Neurosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Moher, David] Univ Ottawa, Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Moher, David] Univ Ottawa, Fac Med, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Schulz, Kenneth F.] FHI 360, Durham, NC USA. [Schulz, Kenneth F.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94350 USA. EM jioannid@stanford.edu OI Macleod, Malcolm Robert/0000-0001-9187-9839; Moher , David /0000-0003-2434-4206 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research [NC/L000970/1] NR 101 TC 202 Z9 207 U1 10 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JAN 11 PY 2014 VL 383 IS 9912 BP 166 EP 175 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62227-8 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 287YX UT WOS:000329579600032 PM 24411645 ER PT J AU Henley, SJ Richards, TB Underwood, JM Eheman, CR Plescia, M McAfee, TA AF Henley, S. Jane Richards, Thomas B. Underwood, J. Michael Eheman, Christie R. Plescia, Marcus McAfee, Timothy A. TI Lung Cancer Incidence Trends Among Men and Women - United States, 2005-2009 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material ID TOBACCO CONTROL; YOUNG-ADULTS; SMOKING C1 [Henley, S. Jane; Richards, Thomas B.; Underwood, J. Michael; Eheman, Christie R.; Plescia, Marcus] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McAfee, Timothy A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Henley, SJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shenley@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 353 Z9 359 U1 2 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900001 PM 24402465 ER PT J AU Hlavsa, MC Roberts, VA Kahler, AM Hilborn, ED Wade, TJ Backer, LC Yoder, JS AF Hlavsa, Michele C. Roberts, Virginia A. Kahler, Amy M. Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Wade, Timothy J. Backer, Lorraine C. Yoder, Jonathan S. TI Recreational Water-Associated Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hlavsa, Michele C.; Roberts, Virginia A.; Kahler, Amy M.; Yoder, Jonathan S.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hlavsa, MC (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhlavsa@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900002 PM 24402466 ER PT J AU Hilborn, ED Roberts, VA Backer, L DeConno, E Egan, JS Hyde, JB Nicholas, DC Wiegert, EJ Billing, LM DiOrio, M Mohr, MC Hardy, FJ Wade, TJ Yoder, JS Hlavsa, MC AF Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Roberts, Virginia A. Backer, Lorraine DeConno, Erin Egan, Jessica S. Hyde, James B. Nicholas, David C. Wiegert, Eric J. Billing, Laurie M. DiOrio, Mary Mohr, Marika C. Hardy, F. Joan Wade, Timothy J. Yoder, Jonathan S. Hlavsa, Michele C. TI Algal Bloom-Associated Disease Outbreaks Among Users of Freshwater Lakes - United States, 2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Roberts, Virginia A.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Hlavsa, Michele C.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Backer, Lorraine] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeConno, Erin; Egan, Jessica S.; Hyde, James B.; Nicholas, David C.; Wiegert, Eric J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Billing, Laurie M.; DiOrio, Mary; Mohr, Marika C.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Hardy, F. Joan] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Hilborn, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hilborn.e@epa.gov NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900003 PM 24402467 ER PT J AU McKnight-Eily, LR Liu, Y Brewer, RD Kanny, D Lu, H Denny, CH Balluz, L Collins, J AF McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Liu, Yong Brewer, Robert D. Kanny, Dafna Lu, Hua Denny, Clark H. Balluz, Lina Collins, Janet TI Vital Signs: Communication Between Health Professionals and Their Patients About Alcohol Use-44 States and the District of Columbia, 2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PREVENTIVE SERVICES; ADULTS; US; CONSUMPTION; DRINKING; CARE; RISK AB Introduction: Excessive alcohol use accounted for an estimated 88,000 deaths in the United States each year during 2006-2010, and $224 billion in economic costs in 2006. Since 2004, the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended alcohol misuse screening and behavioral counseling (also known as alcohol screening and brief intervention [ASBI]) for adults to address excessive alcohol use; however, little is known about the prevalence of its implementation. ASBI will also be covered by many health insurance plans because of the Affordable Care Act. Methods: CDC analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from a question added to surveys in 44 states and the District of Columbia (DC) from August 1 to December 31, 2011, about patient-reported communication with a health professional about alcohol. Elements of ASBI are traditionally delivered via conversation. Weighted state-level prevalence estimates of this communication were generated for 166,753 U. S. adults aged >= 18 years by selected demographic characteristics and drinking behaviors. Results: The prevalence of ever discussing alcohol use with a health professional was 15.7% among U. S. adults overall, 17.4% among current drinkers, and 25.4% among binge drinkers. It was most prevalent among those aged 18-24 years (27.9%). However, only 13.4% of binge drinkers reported discussing alcohol use with a health professional in the past year, and only 34.9% of those who reported binge drinking >= 10 times in the past month had ever discussed alcohol with a health professional. State-level estimates of communication about alcohol ranged from 8.7% in Kansas to 25.5% in DC. Conclusions: Only one of six U. S. adults, including binge drinkers, reported ever discussing alcohol consumption with a health professional, despite public health efforts to increase ASBI implementation. Implications for Public Health Practice: Increased implementation of ASBI, including systems-level changes such as integration into electronic health records processes, might reduce excessive alcohol consumption and the harms related to it. Routine surveillance of ASBI by states and communities might support monitoring and increasing its implementation. C1 [McKnight-Eily, Lela R.; Liu, Yong; Brewer, Robert D.; Kanny, Dafna; Lu, Hua] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Denny, Clark H.] CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Balluz, Lina] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Collins, Janet] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McKnight-Eily, LR (reprint author), CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvn1@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900004 PM 24402468 ER PT J AU Livingston, KA Rosen, JB Zucker, JR Zimmerman, CM AF Livingston, Kara A. Rosen, Jennifer B. Zucker, Jane R. Zimmerman, Christopher M. TI Mumps vaccine effectiveness and risk factors for disease in households during an outbreak in New York City SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Mumps; Outbreaks; Vaccine effectiveness; Households; Risk factors ID UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; ANTIBODY; STUDENTS; IMMUNITY AB Background and objectives: Mumps outbreaks have been reported among vaccinated populations, and declining mumps vaccine effectiveness (VE) has been suggested as one possible cause. During a large mumps outbreak in New York City, we assessed: (1) VE of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) against mumps and (2) risk factors for acquiring mumps in households. Methods: Cases of mumps were investigated using standard methods. Additional information on disease and vaccination status of household contacts was collected. Case households completed follow-up phone interviews 78-198 days after initial investigation to ascertain additional cases. Mumps cases meeting the study case definition were included in the analysis. Risk factors for mumps were assessed, and VE was calculated using secondary household attack rates. Results: Three hundred and eleven households with 2176 residents were included in the analysis. The median age of residents was 13 years (range <1-85), and 462 (21.2%) residents met the study mumps case definition. Among 7-17 year olds, 89.7% received one or more doses of MMR vaccine, with 76.7% receiving two doses. Young adults aged 10-14 years (OR = 2.4, CI = 1.3-4.7) and 15-19 years (OR = 2.5, CI = 1.3-5.0) were at highest risk of mumps. The overall 2-dose VE for secondary contacts aged five and older was 86.3% (CI 63.3-94.9). Conclusions: The two-dose effectiveness of MMR vaccine against mumps was 86.3%, consistent with other published mumps VE estimates. Many factors likely contributed to this outbreak. Suboptimal MMR coverage in the affected population combined with VE may not have conferred adequate immunity to prevent transmission and may have contributed to this outbreak. Achieving high MMR coverage remains the best available strategy for prevention of mumps outbreaks. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Livingston, Kara A.] Ctr Dis Control, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists Appl Epidemi, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rosen, Jennifer B.; Zucker, Jane R.; Zimmerman, Christopher M.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Immunizat, New York, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Livingston, KA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Meyer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kara.livingston@tufts.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U38HM000414] FX All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study, analysis design, and interpretation of data; KAL performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript; all authors were involved in critical revision and had final approval of the manuscript. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Funding: This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [Cooperative Agreement Number 5U38HM000414]. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 9 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 3 BP 369 EP 374 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.021 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 297NE UT WOS:000330261400009 PM 24252695 ER PT J AU Craddock, TJA Fritsch, P Rice, MA del Rosario, RM Miller, DB Fletcher, MA Klimas, NG Broderick, G AF Craddock, Travis J. A. Fritsch, Paul Rice, Mark A., Jr. del Rosario, Ryan M. Miller, Diane B. Fletcher, Mary Ann Klimas, Nancy G. Broderick, Gordon TI A Role for Homeostatic Drive in the Perpetuation of Complex Chronic Illness: Gulf War Illness and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; REGULATORY NETWORKS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; HPA AXIS; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; GONADAL AXIS; PRIMARY-CARE; T-CELLS; STRESS AB A key component in the body's stress response, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis orchestrates changes across a broad range of major biological systems. Its dysfunction has been associated with numerous chronic diseases including Gulf War Illness (GWI) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Though tightly coupled with other components of endocrine and immune function, few models of HPA function account for these interactions. Here we extend conventional models of HPA function by including feed-forward and feedback interaction with sex hormone regulation and immune response. We use this multi-axis model to explore the role of homeostatic regulation in perpetuating chronic conditions, specifically GWI and CFS. An important obstacle in building these models across regulatory systems remains the scarcity of detailed human in vivo kinetic data as its collection can present significant health risks to subjects. We circumvented this using a discrete logic representation based solely on literature of physiological and biochemical connectivity to provide a qualitative description of system behavior. This connectivity model linked molecular variables across the HPA axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in men and women, as well as a simple immune network. Inclusion of these interactions produced multiple alternate homeostatic states and sexually dimorphic responses. Experimental data for endocrine-immune markers measured in male GWI subjects showed the greatest alignment with predictions of a naturally occurring alternate steady state presenting with hypercortisolism, low testosterone and a shift towards a Th1 immune response. In female CFS subjects, expression of these markers aligned with an alternate homeostatic state displaying hypocortisolism, high estradiol, and a shift towards an anti-inflammatory Th2 activation. These results support a role for homeostatic drive in perpetuating dysfunctional cortisol levels through persistent interaction with the immune system and HPG axis. Though coarse, these models may nonetheless support the design of robust treatments that might exploit these regulatory regimes. C1 [Craddock, Travis J. A.; Broderick, Gordon] Nova SE Univ, Ctr Psychol Studies, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Craddock, Travis J. A.] Nova SE Univ, Grad Sch Comp & Informat Sci, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Craddock, Travis J. A.; Rice, Mark A., Jr.; del Rosario, Ryan M.; Klimas, Nancy G.; Broderick, Gordon] Nova SE Univ, Inst Neuroimmune Med, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Fritsch, Paul; Broderick, Gordon] Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Fac Dent & Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Fletcher, Mary Ann] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Klimas, Nancy G.] Nova SE Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Broderick, Gordon] Nova SE Univ, Coll Pharm, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Craddock, TJA (reprint author), Nova SE Univ, Ctr Psychol Studies, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM tcraddock@nova.edu FU US Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (CDMRP) [GW093042, GW080152]; National Institutes of Health [RES0008852] FX Funding came from the US Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (CDMRP) awards (http://cdmrp.army.mil/) GW093042 (Broderick - PI) and GW080152 (Klimas - PI) as well as the National Institutes of Health (NIH)(http://www.nih.gov/) R01 award RES0008852 (Klimas - PI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 91 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 8 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e84839 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084839 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 291WL UT WOS:000329862500178 PM 24416298 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. TI Tobacco Control Progress and Potential SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfrieden@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 8 PY 2014 VL 311 IS 2 BP 133 EP 134 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 284SA UT WOS:000329339400014 PM 24399547 ER PT J AU Sjodin, A Jones, RS Caudill, SP Wong, LY Turner, WE Calafat, AM AF Sjoedin, Andreas Jones, Richard S. Caudill, Samuel P. Wong, Lee-Yang Turner, Wayman E. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Persistent Pesticides in Serum from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 2003-2008 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLLUTANTS; SAMPLES AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and persistent pesticides have been measured in pooled samples representative of the general noninstitutionalized population of the United States. The pools were made from individual sera from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NI-LANES) during 2005/06 and 2007/08. The pooled concentrations have been contrasted to NHANES 2003/04 individual measurements to evaluate changes in concentration over time and within survey period differences among age groups, race/ethnicity groups (Mexican American, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White), and sex. The arithmetic mean serum concentrations of several PCB congeners decreased from NHANES 2003/04 through 2007/08. Larger percentage reductions were seen for younger subjects (12-19 years) compared with older subjects (>= 60 years). For example, the arithmetic mean concentration of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153) was 36% lower in 12-19 year old adolescents when comparing NHANES 2007/08 with 2003/04; while for subjects over the age of 60 a 14% lower concentration was seen, although, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped. Similarly, the arithmetic mean serum concentrations of tri- to hexaBDEs were lower in NI-LANES 2007/08 than in 2003/04; however, most confidence intervals of the arithmetic means overlapped. These findings suggest that a reduction in PBDE serum concentrations cannot yet be detected following the discontinuation of pentaBDE in 2004. C1 [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard S.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Wong, Lee-Yang; Turner, Wayman E.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sjodin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM asjodin@cdc.gov RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 7 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 1 BP 753 EP 760 DI 10.1021/es4037836 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 287NN UT WOS:000329548800096 PM 24298999 ER PT J AU Chipinda, I Mbiya, W Adigun, RA Morakinyo, MK Law, BF Simoyi, RH Siegel, PD AF Chipinda, Itai Mbiya, Wilbes Adigun, Risikat Ajibola Morakinyo, Moshood K. Law, Brandon F. Simoyi, Reuben H. Siegel, Paul D. TI Pyridoxylamine reactivity kinetics as an amine based nucleophile for screening electrophilic dermal sensitizers SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Skin sensitization; Reactivity assay; Pyridoxylamine; Local lymph node assay ID LYMPH-NODE ASSAY; APPLICABILITY DOMAIN CLASSIFICATION; SKIN SENSITIZATION; PEPTIDE REACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY; CONTACT ALLERGENS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; READ-ACROSS; PYRIDOXAMINE AB Chemical allergens bind directly, or after metabolic or abiotic activation, to endogenous proteins to become allergenic. Assessment of this initial binding has been suggested as a target for development of assays to screen chemicals for their allergenic potential. Recently we reported a nitrobenzenethiol (NBT) based method for screening thiol reactive skin sensitizers, however, amine selective sensitizers are not detected by this assay. In the present study we describe an amine (pyridoxylamine (PDA)) based kinetic assay to complement the NBT assay for identification of amine-selective and non-selective skin sensitizers. UV-Vis spectrophotometry and fluorescence were used to measure PDA reactivity for 57 chemicals including anhydrides, aldehydes, and quinones where reaction rates ranged from 116 to 6.2 x 10(-6) M-1 s(-1) for extreme to weak sensitizers, respectively. No reactivity towards PDA was observed with the thiol-selective sensitizers, non-sensitizers and prohaptens. The PDA rate constants correlated significantly with their respective murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) threshold EC3 values (R-2 = 0.76). The use of PDA serves as a simple, inexpensive amine based method that shows promise as a preliminary screening tool for electrophilic, amine-selective skin sensitizers. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chipinda, Itai; Law, Brandon F.; Siegel, Paul D.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Mbiya, Wilbes; Adigun, Risikat Ajibola; Morakinyo, Moshood K.; Simoyi, Reuben H.] Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Siegel, PD (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM pds3@cdc.gov OI Mbiya, Wilbes/0000-0001-6939-2178 FU Interagency Agreement with the NIEHS [IAG Y1-ES-0001-12]; National Science Foundation [CHE 1056311] FX This work was supported by an Interagency Agreement with the NIEHS (IAG#Y1-ES-0001-12) and Grant Number CHE 1056311 from the National Science Foundation. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JAN 6 PY 2014 VL 315 BP 101 EP + DI 10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.009 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 296AJ UT WOS:000330157200012 PM 24333919 ER PT J AU Azondekon, R Gnanguenon, V Oke-Agbo, F Houevoessa, S Green, M Akogbeto, M AF Azondekon, Roseric Gnanguenon, Virgile Oke-Agbo, Frederic Houevoessa, Speraud Green, Michael Akogbeto, Martin TI A tracking tool for long-lasting insecticidal (mosquito) net intervention following a 2011 national distribution in Benin SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE LLIN; Monitoring; Survivorship; Fabric integrity; Gas chromatography ID COLORIMETRIC FIELD-TEST; IMPREGNATED BED NETS; TREATED NETS; MALARIA CONTROL; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; BURKINA-FASO; EFFICACY; MORTALITY; CHILDREN AB Background: Following a mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in Benin, we used WHO guidelines to develop an assessment tool which is described in this report. It involved assessment of the three WHO indicators: survivorship, integrity and bio-efficacy. Methods: To evaluate the assessment tool, we selected four communities, two in the Southern part of the country, and two in the North. One of the two assessment communities in each geographic setting had ready access to water and a higher reported frequency of washing LLINs. It was assumed that nets in communities with greater washing frequencies would show greater loss of durability. If the tool was sensitive enough to detect such differences, the field testing would confirm its suitability for general use in different settings in Benin. While durability indicators of survival and fabric integrity were quantified using standard WHO methodology, bio-efficacy was assessed using a 'new' alternative (to the WHO bioassay test), involving gas chromatography. Additionally, data management used current internet technology for 'real time' analysis at a central monitoring location. Results: While no difference in survivorship was observed between sites with ready access to water for washing, both in the North and the South, there was a significant difference in integrity. In the South and in the North, nets from sites near water (Kessounou and Malanville) showed greater damage to integrity than did the nets from Allada and Kandi (sites far from water). As expected, LLIN integrity was significantly lower when a community was near water (p < 0.01). Bio-efficacy measurements, based on GC, were found to be so variable. Conclusion: A rapid decrease of the LLINs fabric integrity was observed in areas near water for washing following the first 6 months post-distribution. Due to the way that the insecticide is incorporated into the LLIN fiber and its migration to the surface, confounding results were observed with the GC analysis suggesting that the WHO bio-efficacy method may also be similarly affected. The report of other assessments could help to better understand the durability of the LLINs. C1 [Azondekon, Roseric; Gnanguenon, Virgile; Oke-Agbo, Frederic; Houevoessa, Speraud; Akogbeto, Martin] CREC, Cotonou, Benin. [Azondekon, Roseric] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Gnanguenon, Virgile; Akogbeto, Martin] Univ Abomey Calavi, Fac Sci & Tech, Abomey Calavi, Benin. [Green, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Azondekon, R (reprint author), CREC, Cotonou, Benin. EM roseric_2000@yahoo.fr FU US President's Malaria Initiative FX Our thanks are addressed to the Village Health Workers, Benin NMCP, CDC and USAID. This investigation received financial support from the US President's Malaria Initiative. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD JAN 4 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 6 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-6 PG 14 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AF3RQ UT WOS:000334630200001 PM 24387635 ER PT J AU Degutis, LC Sleet, DA Kohn, M Benjamin, G Cohen, N Iskander, J AF Degutis, Linda C. Sleet, David A. Kohn, Melvin Benjamin, Georges Cohen, Nicole Iskander, John TI CDC Grand Rounds: Evidence-Based Injury Prevention SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Degutis, Linda C.; Cohen, Nicole; Iskander, John] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sleet, David A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kohn, Melvin] CDC, Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Benjamin, Georges] CDC, Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dsleet@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 51-52 BP 1048 EP 1050 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EM UT WOS:000330025400003 ER PT J AU Frias, M Tsai, V Moulton-Meissner, H Avillan, J Epstein, L Hunter, J Arwady, MA AF Frias, Mabel Tsai, Victoria Moulton-Meissner, Heather Avillan, Johannetsy Epstein, Lauren Hunter, Jennifer Arwady, M. Allison TI New Delhi Metallo-beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Associated with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography - Illinois, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PREVENTION C1 [Frias, Mabel] Cook Cty Dept Hlth, Maywood, IL USA. [Tsai, Victoria] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Epstein, Lauren; Hunter, Jennifer; Arwady, M. Allison] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Epstein, L (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xdd0@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 51-52 BP 1051 EP 1051 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294EM UT WOS:000330025400004 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TH Vu, MH Nguyen, VC Nguyen, LH Toda, K Nguyen, TN Dao, S Wannemuehler, KA Hennessey, KA AF Tran Hien Nguyen Minh Huong Vu Van Cuong Nguyen Lien Huong Nguyen Toda, Kohei Tuyet Nga Nguyen Dao, Sang Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Hennessey, Karen A. TI A reduction in chronic hepatitis B virus infection prevalence among children in Vietnam demonstrates the importance of vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Hepatitis B virus; Seroprevalence; Birth dose vaccination; Immunization ID WESTERN PACIFIC REGION; HO-CHI-MINH; DISEASE BURDEN; RURAL VIETNAM; LIVER-DISEASE; VACCINES AB Background: Vietnam has high endemic hepatitis B virus infection with >8% of adults estimated to have chronic infection. Hepatitis B vaccine was first introduced in the national childhood immunization program in 1997 in high-risk areas, expanded nationwide in 2002, and included birth dose vaccination in 2003. This survey aimed to assess the impact of Vietnam's vaccination programme by estimating the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among children born during 2000-2008. Methods: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey sampled children based on a stratified three-stage cluster design. Demographic and vaccination data were collected along with a whole blood specimen that was collected and interpreted in the field with a point-of-care HBsAg test. Results: A total of 6,949 children were included in the survey analyses. The overall HBsAg prevalence among surveyed children was 2.70% (95% confidence interval (Cl): 2.20-3.30). However, HBsAg prevalence was significantly higher among children born in 2000-2003 (3.64%) compared to children born 2007-2008(1.64%) (prevalence ratio (PR: 2.22, CI 1.55-3.18)). Among all children included in the survey, unadjusted HBsAg prevalence among children with >= 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine including a birth dose (1.75%) was significantly lower than among children with >= 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine but lacked a birth dose (2.98%) (PR: 1.71, CI: 1.00-2.91) and significantly lower than among unvaccinated children (3.47%) (PR: 1.99, CI: 1.15-3.45). Infants receiving hepatitis B vaccine >7 days after birth had significantly higher HBsAg prevalence (3.20%) than those vaccinated 0-1 day after birth (1.52%) (PR: 2.09, CI: 1.27-3.46). Conclusion: Childhood chronic HBV infection prevalence has been markedly reduced in Vietnam due to vaccination. Further strengthening of timely birth dose vaccination will be important for reducing chronic HBV infection prevalence of under 5 children to <1%, a national and Western Pacific regional hepatitis B control goal. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tran Hien Nguyen; Van Cuong Nguyen; Lien Huong Nguyen] Natl Insittitute Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Minh Huong Vu; Tuyet Nga Nguyen; Dao, Sang] Program Appropriate Technol Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Toda, Kohei] WHO, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Hennessey, Karen A.] WHO, Western Pacific Reg Off, Manila, Philippines. [Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vu, MH (reprint author), 2nd Floor,Hanoi Towers,49 Hai Ba Trung St, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM hvu@path.org FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; World Health Organization [001] NR 18 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.004 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 290QH UT WOS:000329772900005 PM 24284410 ER PT J AU Davila-Payan, C Swann, J Wortley, PM AF Davila-Payan, Carlo Swann, Julie Wortley, Pascale M. TI System factors to explain 2009 pandemic H1N1 state vaccination rates for children and high-risk adults in US emergency response to pandemic SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pandemic; Coverage; State-specific; Factors; Estimates; Children and high-risk adults ID MONOVALENT VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PREDICTORS; COVERAGE AB Introduction: During the 2009-2010 Hi NI pandemic, children and high-risk adults had priority for vaccination. Vaccine in short supply was allocated to states pro-rata by population, but vaccination rates as of January 2010 varied among states from 21.3% to 84.7% for children and 10.4% to 47.2% for high-risk adults. States had different campaign processes and decisions. Objective: To determine program and system factors associated with higher state pandemic vaccination coverage for children and high-risk adults during an emergency response with short supply of vaccine. Methods: Regression analysis of factors predicting state-specific H1N1 vaccination coverage in children and high-risk adults, including state campaign information, demographics, preventive or health-seeking behavior, preparedness funding, providers, state characteristics, and surveillance data. Results: Our modeling explained variation in state-specific vaccination coverage with an adjusted R-squared of 0.82 for children and 0.78 for high-risk adults. We found that coverage of children was positively associated with programs focusing on school clinics and with a larger proportion of doses administered in public sites; negatively with the proportion of children in the population, and the proportion not visiting a doctor because of cost. The coverage for high-risk adults was positively associated with shipments of vaccine to "general access" locations, including pharmacy and retail, with the percentage of women with a Pap smear within the past 3 years and with past seasonal influenza vaccination. It was negatively associated with the expansion of vaccination to the general public by December 4, 2009. For children and high-risk adults, coverage was positively associated with the maximum number of ship-to-sites and negatively associated with the proportion of medically underserved population. Conclusion: Findings suggest that distribution and system decisions such as vaccination venues and providers targeted can positively impact vaccination rates for children and high-risk adults. Additionally, existing health infrastructure, health-seeking behaviors, and access affected coverage. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Davila-Payan, Carlo; Swann, Julie] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Swann, Julie] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Publ Policy By Courtesy, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Swann, J (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, 755 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM carlo.davila@gatech.edu; jswann@isye.gatech.edu; pmw1@cdc.gov FU ORISE Fellows program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX C. Davila-Payan collected data, performed statistical analysis, and aided in drafting the manuscript. J. Swann designed the study, advised on methodology and logistical factors, and drafted the manuscript. P. Wortley advised on public health and vaccination programs, assisted in acquisition of data, aided in interpretation of results, and editing the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript. C. Davila-Payan was partially supported by the RISE Fellows program during the research. J. Swann was partially supported as the Harold R. and Mary Anne Nash professor, by the Zalesky Family, and by Andrea Laliberte in gifts to the Georgia Institute of Technology, and was partially supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in an Intergovernmental Personnel Act agreement between the CDC and Georgia Tech. The ORISE Fellows program and the donors to Georgia Tech had no role in this research. Participants at the CDC gave feedback on preliminary results including potential interpretations and reviewed the final manuscript for confidentiality and accuracy. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 246 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.018 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 290QH UT WOS:000329772900009 PM 24286836 ER PT J AU Calvert, AE Dixon, KL Delorey, MJ Blair, CD Roehrig, JT AF Calvert, Amanda E. Dixon, Kandice L. Delorey, Mark J. Blair, Carol D. Roehrig, John T. TI Development of a small animal peripheral challenge model of Japanese encephalitis virus using interferon deficient AG129 mice and the SA14-14-2 vaccine virus strain SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Flavivirus; Japanese encephalitis virus; Interferon-deficient mice; AG129 mouse model; Flavivirus pathogenesis; Viral encephalitis; JEV SA14-14-2 vaccine strain ID LIVE-ATTENUATED VACCINE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-3; CD8(+) T-CELLS; MOUSE MODEL; CONTROLLED PHASE-3; INFECTION; SAFETY; PROTECTION; ANTIBODY; IC51 AB Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in Asia, and it is increasingly a global public health concern due to its recent geographic expansion. While commercial vaccines are available and used in some endemic countries, JEV continues to be a public health problem, with 50,000 cases reported annually. Research with virulent JEV in mouse models to develop new methods of prevention and treatment is restricted to BSL-3 containment facilities, confining these studies to investigators with access to these facilities. We have developed an adult small animal peripheral challenge model using interferon-deficient AG129 mice and the JEV live-attenuated vaccine SA14-14-2, thus requiring only BSL-2 containment. A low dose of virus (10 PFU/0.1 ml) induced 100% morbidity in infected mice. Increased body temperatures measured by implantable temperature transponders correlated with an increase in infectious virus and viral RNA in serum, spleen and brain as well as an increase in pro-inflammatory markers measured by a 58-biomarker multi-analyte profile (MAP) constructed during the course of infection. In the future, the MAP measurements can be used as a baseline for comparison in order to better assess the inhibition of disease progression by other prophylactic and therapeutic agents. The use of the AG129/JEV SA14-14-2 animal model makes vaccine and therapeutic studies feasible for laboratories with limited biocontainment facilities. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Calvert, Amanda E.; Dixon, Kandice L.; Delorey, Mark J.; Roehrig, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borrze Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Blair, Carol D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Calvert, AE (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM zpz0@cdc.gov FU NIH/NIAID [U54AI-065357]; Emerging Infectious Disease Research; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported by NIH/NIAID grant U54AI-065357 to the Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.016 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 290QH UT WOS:000329772900011 PM 24252694 ER PT J AU Al-Hamdan, MZ Crosson, WL Economou, SA Estes, MG Estes, SM Hemmings, SN Kent, ST Puckett, M Quattrochi, DA Rickman, DL Wade, GM McClure, LA AF Al-Hamdan, Mohammad Z. Crosson, William L. Economou, Sigrid A. Estes, Maurice G., Jr. Estes, Sue M. Hemmings, Sarah N. Kent, Shia T. Puckett, Mark Quattrochi, Dale A. Rickman, Douglas L. Wade, Gina M. McClure, Leslie A. TI Environmental public health applications using remotely sensed data SO GEOCARTO INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE public health; remote sensing; heat; fine particulates; GIS; insolation ID AEROSOL OPTICAL-THICKNESS; GROUND-LEVEL PM2.5; AIR-POLLUTION EXPOSURE; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE; BRAIN INFLAMMATION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; QUALITY AB We describe a remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS)-based study that has three objectives: (1) characterize fine particulate matter (PM2.5), insolation and land surface temperature (LST) using NASA satellite observations, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ground-level monitor data and North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) data products on a national scale; (2) link these data with public health data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) national cohort study to determine whether these environmental risk factors are related to cognitive decline, stroke and other health outcomes and (3) disseminate the environmental datasets and public health linkage analyses to end users for decision-making through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) system. This study directly addresses a public health focus of the NASA Applied Sciences Program, utilization of Earth Sciences products, by addressing issues of environmental health to enhance public health decision-making. C1 [Al-Hamdan, Mohammad Z.; Crosson, William L.; Estes, Maurice G., Jr.; Estes, Sue M.; Hemmings, Sarah N.; Wade, Gina M.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Economou, Sigrid A.; Puckett, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kent, Shia T.; McClure, Leslie A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Quattrochi, Dale A.; Rickman, Douglas L.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Wade, Gina M.] Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Von Braun Ctr Sci & Innovat, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Al-Hamdan, MZ (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM mohammad.alhamdan@nasa.gov RI McClure, Leslie/P-2929-2015; OI Rickman, Doug/0000-0003-3409-2882 FU NASA Applied Sciences Public Health Program; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH FX The authors acknowledge the generous support of the NASA Applied Sciences Public Health Program and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH. The authors would like to also thank Mr. Matthew S. Loop from the UAB School of Public Health for his assistance with the preparation of Figure 7. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1010-6049 EI 1752-0762 J9 GEOCARTO INT JI Geocarto Int. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 SI SI BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1080/10106049.2012.715209 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AG0FB UT WOS:000335089600008 PM 24910505 ER PT J AU Frasch, HF Barbero, AM Dotson, GS Bunge, AL AF Frasch, H. Frederick Barbero, Ana M. Dotson, G. Scott Bunge, Annette L. TI Dermal permeation of 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, a model water-miscible compound: Effects of concentration, thermodynamic activity and skin hydration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Skin absorption; Lag time; Stratum corneum; Skin hydration; Acrylic monomers; Thermodynamic activity ID HUMAN STRATUM-CORNEUM; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; IN-VITRO; 2-BUTOXYETHANOL; PENETRATION; ABSORPTION; GLYCOL AB The goal of these studies was to measure and interpret the skin permeability characteristics of 2hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) as a model compound that is completely miscible with water. Methods: In vitro permeation from HPA-H20 binary mixtures through human epidermis and silicone membranes was measured. Thermodynamic activities of HPA and H20 in these mixtures were determined. Permeation was also measured through epidermis and silicone from donor solutions with constant HPA activity but different H20 activities. Water uptake into desiccated human stratum corneum (SC) equilibrated with HPA-H2 0 mixtures was determined. Results: Steady-state flux of HPA through silicone was a linear function of HPA activity but not HPA concentration. For epidermis on the other hand, flux increased with HPA activity only for HPA activities <0.35. At constant HPA activity, flux decreased 4.5-fold as water activity decreased from 1 to 0.8. Incubation of SC with HPA-H20 mixtures resulted in substantial changes in SC water content, dependent on the water activity of the mixture and consistent with measured SC water sorption data. Conclusions: These experiments provide unequivocal evidence of a substantial increase in epidermal barrier function resulting from SC dehydration. Dehydration-related alterations in the SC appear responsible for the observed flux characteristics. Published by Elsevier By. C1 [Frasch, H. Frederick; Barbero, Ana M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Dotson, G. Scott] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bunge, Annette L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Frasch, HF (reprint author), NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM HFrasch@cdc.gov RI Bunge, Annette/A-7995-2012 OI Bunge, Annette/0000-0002-0287-3724 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 EI 1873-3476 J9 INT J PHARMACEUT JI Int. J. Pharm. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 460 IS 1-2 BP 240 EP 247 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 282NG UT WOS:000329178000029 PM 24239832 ER PT J AU Beer, L Oster, AM Mattson, CL Skarbinski, J AF Beer, Linda Oster, Alexandra M. Mattson, Christine L. Skarbinski, Jacek CA Med Monitoring Project TI Disparities in HIV transmission risk among HIV-infected black and white men who have sex with men, United States, 2009 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE antiretroviral therapy; health status disparities; men who have sex with men; surveillance; viral load ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY USE; CLINICAL CARE; MEDICAL-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; PREVENTION; RETENTION; HIV/AIDS; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Objective:To better understand why HIV incidence is substantially higher among black than white men who have sex with men (MSM), we present the first nationally representative estimates of factors that contribute to transmission - sexual behavior, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and viral suppression - among HIV-infected black and white MSM in the United States.Design:The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a complex sample survey of HIV-infected adults receiving medical care in the United States.Methods:We used weighted interview and medical record data collected during June 2009 to May 2010 to estimate the prevalence of sexual behaviors, ART use, and viral suppression among sexually active HIV-infected black and white MSM. We used (2) tests to assess significant differences between races and logistic regression models to identify factors that mediated the racial differences.Results:Sexual risk behaviors among black and white MSM were similar. Black MSM were significantly less likely than white MSM to take ART (80 vs. 91%) and be durably virally suppressed (48 vs. 69%). Accounting for mediators (e.g. age, insurance, poverty, education, time since diagnosis, and disease stage) reduced, but did not eliminate, disparities in ART use and rendered differences in viral suppression among those on ART insignificant.Conclusion:Lower levels of ART use and viral suppression among HIV-infected black MSM may increase the likelihood of HIV transmission. Addressing the patient-level factors and structural inequalities that contribute to lower levels of ART use and viral suppression among this group will improve clinical outcomes and might reduce racial disparities in HIV incidence. C1 [Beer, Linda; Oster, Alexandra M.; Mattson, Christine L.; Skarbinski, Jacek; Med Monitoring Project] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beer, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LBeer@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for MMP is provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 54 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 25 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 1 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000021 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 277KQ UT WOS:000328818400012 PM 23942058 ER PT J AU Larkin, H Felitti, VJ Anda, RF AF Larkin, Heather Felitti, Vincent J. Anda, Robert F. TI Social Work and Adverse Childhood Experiences Research: Implications for Practice and Health Policy SO SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Health policy; prevention; intervention; family support; community development; mind-body; integrally informed ID POSITIVE PARENTING PROGRAM; FAMILY SUPPORT PROGRAMS; MENTAL-HEALTH; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; PHYSICAL ABUSE; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; STRESS REDUCTION; LIFETIME ABUSE; SEXUAL-ABUSE AB Medical research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reveals a compelling relationship between the extent of childhood adversity, adult health risk behaviors, and principal causes of death in the United States. This article provides a selective review of the ACE Study and related social science research to describe how effective social work practice that prevents ACEs and mobilizes resilience and recovery from childhood adversity could support the achievement of national health policy goals. This article applies a biopsychosocial perspective, with an emphasis on mind-body coping processes to demonstrate that social work responses to adverse childhood experiences may contribute to improvement in overall health. Consistent with this framework, the article sets forth prevention and intervention response strategies with individuals, families, communities, and the larger society. Economic research on human capital development is reviewed that suggests significant cost savings may result from effective implementation of these strategies. C1 [Larkin, Heather] SUNY Albany, Sch Social Welf, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Felitti, Vincent J.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Preventat Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Anda, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Larkin, H (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Sch Social Welf, 135 Western Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM hlarkin@albany.edu NR 137 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 67 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1937-1918 EI 1937-190X J9 SOC WORK PUBLIC HLTH JI Soc. Work Public Health PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1080/19371918.2011.619433 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Work GA 245LO UT WOS:000326465400001 PM 24188292 ER PT B AU Dahlstrom, DL Snawder, JE AF Dahlstrom, David L. Snawder, John E. BE Hayes, AW Kruger, CL TI Solvents and Industrial Hygiene SO HAYES' PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TOXICOLOGY, 6TH EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NORMAL-BUTYL KETONE; GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER; CARBON-DISULFIDE; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; SPRAY ADHESIVES; MALE-RATS; TOXIC POLYNEUROPATHY; INHALATION TOXICITY C1 [Dahlstrom, David L.] New Era Sci LLC, Issaquah, WA 98027 USA. [Snawder, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Dahlstrom, DL (reprint author), New Era Sci LLC, Issaquah, WA 98027 USA. NR 199 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-84214-537-1; 978-1-84214-536-4 PY 2014 BP 677 EP 710 D2 10.1201/b17359 PG 34 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BD7FA UT WOS:000362973800016 ER PT B AU Washington, ML AF Washington, Michael L. BE Larson, JA TI Industrial Engineers in Public Health SO MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING: A GUIDE TO BEST PRACTICES FOR INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SIMULATION C1 [Washington, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Washington, Michael L.] Dept Navy, Pentagon, AL USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7991-0; 978-1-4665-7990-3 PY 2014 BP 267 EP 276 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Political Science SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BD7ST UT WOS:000363524100032 ER PT B AU Deng, XY Katz, LS Fields, PI Zhang, W AF Deng, Xiangyu Katz, Lee S. Fields, Patricia I. Zhang, Wei BE Oyarzabal, OA Kathariou, S TI High-Throughput Sequencing SO DNA METHODS IN FOOD SAFETY: MOLECULAR TYPING OF FOODBORNE AND WATERBORNE BACTERIAL PATHOGENS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PROTEIN FAMILIES DATABASE; HIDDEN MARKOV MODEL; SHORT DNA-SEQUENCES; DE-BRUIJN GRAPHS; GENOME ANNOTATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; ASSEMBLY ALGORITHM; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE C1 [Deng, Xiangyu] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Katz, Lee S.; Fields, Patricia I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Wei] IIT, Inst Food Safety & Hlth, Bedford Pk, IL USA. RP Deng, XY (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, WEST SUSSEX PO19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-27866-6; 978-1-118-27867-3 PY 2014 BP 65 EP 83 D2 10.1002/9781118278666 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BD8IU UT WOS:000363969200005 ER PT B AU Raphael, BH Talkington, DF Luquez, C Maslanka, SE AF Raphael, Brian H. Talkington, Deborah F. Luquez, Carolina Maslanka, Susan E. BE Oyarzabal, OA Kathariou, S TI Molecular Subtyping Approaches for Pathogenic Clostridium spp. Isolated from Foods SO DNA METHODS IN FOOD SAFETY: MOLECULAR TYPING OF FOODBORNE AND WATERBORNE BACTERIAL PATHOGENS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; LOCUS VARIABLE-NUMBER; BOTULINUM TYPE-A; RESTRICTION-ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; PERFRINGENS TYPE-A; PULSED-FIELD; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Talkington, Deborah F.; Luquez, Carolina; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 NR 115 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, WEST SUSSEX PO19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-27866-6; 978-1-118-27867-3 PY 2014 BP 249 EP 274 D2 10.1002/9781118278666 PG 26 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA BD8IU UT WOS:000363969200012 ER PT B AU Powers, AM AF Powers, Ann M. BE Liu, D TI Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ARTHROPOD-BORNE VIRUSES; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; NORTH-AMERICA; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; VACCINE CANDIDATE; SOUTH-AMERICA; AMAZON REGION; SUBTYPE-IE; EPIDEMIC; ALPHAVIRUSES C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Powers, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 257 EP 264 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700023 ER PT B AU Kingry, LC Petersen, JM AF Kingry, Luke C. Petersen, Jeannine M. BE Liu, D TI Francisella tularensis SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PISCIRICKETTSIOSIS-LIKE SYNDROME; COD GADUS-MORHUA; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; GENUS FRANCISELLA; TULAREMIA VACCINE; OROPHARYNGEAL TULAREMIA; INTRAMACROPHAGE GROWTH; UNITED-STATES; ATLANTIC COD; MACROPHAGES C1 [Kingry, Luke C.; Petersen, Jeannine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Kingry, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 359 EP 365 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700032 ER PT B AU Xiao, LH Feng, YY AF Xiao, Lihua Feng, Yaoyu BE Liu, D TI Cryptosporidium SO MANUAL OF SECURITY SENSITIVE MICROBES AND TOXINS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN FECAL SPECIMENS; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; N. SP APICOMPLEXA; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Xuhui, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 175 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5398-9; 978-1-4665-5396-5 PY 2014 BP 427 EP 439 D2 10.1201/b16752 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BD7GW UT WOS:000363061700039 ER PT S AU Campo, DS Dimitrova, Z Xia, GL Skums, P Ganova-Raeva, L Khudyakov, Y AF Campo, David S. Dimitrova, Zoya Xia, Guo-Liang Skums, Pavel Ganova-Raeva, Lilia Khudyakov, Yury GP IEEE TI New Computational Methods for Assessing the Genetic Relatedness of Close Viral Variants SO 2014 IEEE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL ADVANCES IN BIO AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (ICCABS) SE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (ICCABS) CY JUN 02-04, 2014 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE, Univ Connecticut, NSF, UCONN BECAT DE Viral Hepatits; Genetic relatedness; Viral quasispecies; Genetic algorithms C1 [Campo, David S.; Dimitrova, Zoya; Xia, Guo-Liang; Skums, Pavel; Ganova-Raeva, Lilia; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Campo, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM fyv6@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-229X J9 INT CONF COMPUT ADV PY 2014 PG 1 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD4SQ UT WOS:000361057400029 ER PT S AU Lara, J Kudhyakov, Y AF Lara, James Kudhyakov, Yury GP IEEE TI Modeling Genetic Heterogeneity in Hepatitis C Virus Hyper-variable Region 1 infers Demographic Characteristics of Infected Hosts SO 2014 IEEE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL ADVANCES IN BIO AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (ICCABS) SE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (ICCABS) CY JUN 02-04, 2014 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE, Univ Connecticut, NSF, UCONN BECAT DE hepatitis C; prediction; Bayesian network; HVR1; biomarkers; coevolution C1 [Lara, James; Kudhyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Lara, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jlara@cdc.gov; Yek0@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-229X J9 INT CONF COMPUT ADV PY 2014 PG 1 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD4SQ UT WOS:000361057400028 ER PT S AU Skums, P Artyomenko, A Glebova, O Zelikovsky, A Campo, DS Dimitrova, Z Khudyakov, Y AF Skums, Pavel Artyomenko, Alexander Glebova, Olga Zelikovsky, Alex Campo, David S. Dimitrova, Zoya Khudyakov, Yury GP IEEE TI Detection of genetic relatedness between viral samples using EM-based clustering of next-generation sequencing data SO 2014 IEEE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL ADVANCES IN BIO AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (ICCABS) SE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (ICCABS) CY JUN 02-04, 2014 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE, Univ Connecticut, NSF, UCONN BECAT AB We present a novel general tool for highly sensitive detection of genetic relatedness between highly heterogeneous viral samples based on the clustering of next-generation sequencing data. The tool may be used for detection of viral transmissions and outbreaks and for laboratory quality control. C1 [Skums, Pavel; Campo, David S.; Dimitrova, Zoya; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Artyomenko, Alexander; Glebova, Olga; Zelikovsky, Alex] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Skums, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kki8@cdc.gov; alexz@cs.gsu.edu; yek0@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-229X J9 INT CONF COMPUT ADV PY 2014 PG 1 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD4SQ UT WOS:000361057400030 ER PT S AU Brown, DS Poulos, C Johnson, FR Chamiec-Case, L Messonnier, ML AF Brown, Derek S. Poulos, Christine Johnson, F. Reed Chamiec-Case, Linda Messonnier, Mark L. BE Blomquist, GC Bolin, K TI ADOLESCENT GIRLS' PREFERENCES FOR HPV VACCINES: A DISCRETE CHOICE EXPERIMENT SO PREFERENCE MEASUREMENT IN HEALTH SE Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Discrete choice experiment; conjoint analysis; human papillomavirus vaccine; latent class ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; TRANSMITTED INFECTION VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CERVICAL-CANCER; MOTHERS PREFERENCES; SCREENING-PROGRAM; CONJOINT-ANALYSIS; OLDER-ADULTS AB Purpose - To measure adolescent girls' preferences over features of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in order to provide quantitative estimates of the perceived benefits of vaccination and potential vaccine uptake. Design/methodology/approach - A discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was developed to measure adolescent girls' preferences over features of HPV vaccines. The survey was fielded to a U.S. sample of 307 girls aged 13-17 years who had not yet received an HPV vaccine in June 2008. Findings - In a latent class logit model, two distinct groups were identified - one with strong preferences against vaccination which largely did not differentiate between vaccine features, and another that was receptive to vaccination and had well-defined preferences over vaccine features. Based on the mean estimates over the entire sample, we estimate that girls' valuation of bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines ranged between $400 and $460 in 2008, measured as willingness-to-pay (WTP). The additional value of genital warts protection was $145, although cervical cancer efficacy was the most preferred feature. We estimate maximum uptake of 54-65%, close to the 53% reported for one dose in 2011 surveillance data, but higher than the 35% for three doses in surveillance data. Research limitations/implications - We conclude that adolescent girls do form clear opinions and some place significant value on HPV vaccination, making research on their preferences vital to understanding the determinants of HPV vaccine demand. Originality/value - DCE studies may be used to design more effective vaccine-promotion programs and for reassessing public health recommendations and guidelines as new vaccines are made available. C1 [Brown, Derek S.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Poulos, Christine] RTI Int, RTI Hlth Solut, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Johnson, F. Reed] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Chamiec-Case, Linda] Compass Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Messonnier, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brown, DS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00776TO43] NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 0731-2199 BN 978-1-78441-028-5; 978-1-78441-029-2 J9 ADV HEALTH ECON HEAL PY 2014 VL 24 BP 93 EP 121 DI 10.1108/S0731-219920140000024002 PG 29 WC Economics; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BD1JT UT WOS:000358072700003 PM 25244906 ER PT B AU Lim, A Kim, J Zechmann, E AF Lim, Alvin Kim, Jay Zechmann, Edward GP ASME TI DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE OPERATING FORCE OF A HAND-HELD POWER TOOL UTILIZING MEASURED TRANSFER FUNCTIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 4A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID ARM SYSTEM; VIBRATION; BIOMECHANICS; BIODYNAMICS; MODEL AB Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) collectively refers to diseases caused by prolonged exposure to intensive hand-transmitted vibration, which has been affecting millions of workers who use hand-held power tools. The force interacting between a hand-held power tool and the work-piece is valuable basic information in studying hand-arm vibration problems, however cannot be measured directly. An experimental method is developed to estimate this tool force by utilizing the input point impedance of the hand and measured transfer functions of the tool. The developed method is applied to calculate the tool force of a hand-held grinder and a circular saw to demonstrate and validate the method. Possible applications of the method to study hand-arm vibration or tool design are explained. C1 [Lim, Alvin] Regal Beloit EPC Inc, Tipp City, OH 45371 USA. [Kim, Jay] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Zechmann, Edward] NIOSH, Taft Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Lim, A (reprint author), Regal Beloit EPC Inc, Tipp City, OH 45371 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5624-6 PY 2014 AR V04AT04A054 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BD3HG UT WOS:000359682600054 ER PT B AU Ogden, CL Kit, BK Fakhouri, THI Carroll, MD Flegal, KM AF Ogden, Cynthia L. Kit, Brian K. Fakhouri, Tala H. I. Carroll, Margaret D. Flegal, Katherine M. BE Talley, NJ Locke, GR Moayyedi, P West, J Ford, AC Saito, YA TI The epidemiology of obesity among adults SO GI EPIDEMIOLOGY: DISEASES AND CLINICAL METHODOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS; OVERWEIGHT; RISK; PREVALENCE; DISEASE; TRENDS; NEIGHBORHOOD C1 [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Kit, Brian K.; Fakhouri, Tala H. I.; Carroll, Margaret D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Fakhouri, Tala H. I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Ogden, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-72708-9; 978-0-470-67257-0 PY 2014 BP 394 EP 404 D2 10.1002/9781118727072 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA BC6XG UT WOS:000354560900038 ER PT J AU Snead, MC O'Leary, AM Mandel, MG Kourtis, AP Wiener, J Jamieson, DJ Warner, L Malotte, CK Klausner, JD O'Donnell, L Rietmeijer, CA Margolis, AD AF Snead, Margaret C. O'Leary, Ann M. Mandel, Michele G. Kourtis, Athena P. Wiener, Jeffrey Jamieson, Denise J. Warner, Lee Malotte, C. Kevin Klausner, Jeffrey D. O'Donnell, Lydia Rietmeijer, Cornelis A. Margolis, Andrew D. TI Relationship between social cognitive theory constructs and self-reported condom use: assessment of behaviour in a subgroup of the Safe in the City trial SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article ID RISK-REDUCTION INTERVENTION; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; BISEXUAL MEN; EFFICACY; MEDIATION; SETTINGS; WOMEN AB Objectives: Previous studies have found social cognitive theory (SCT)-framed interventions are successful for improving condom use and reducing sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We conducted a secondary analysis of behavioural data from the Safe in the City intervention trial (2003-2005) to investigate the influence of SCT constructs on study participants' self-reported use of condoms at last intercourse. Methods: The main trial was conducted from 2003 to 2005 at three public US STI clinics. Patients (n=38 635) were either shown a 'safer sex' video in the waiting room, or received the standard waiting room experience, based on their visit date. A nested behavioural assessment was administered to a subsample of study participants following their index clinic visit and again at 3 months follow-up. We used multivariable modified Poisson regression models to examine the relationships among SCT constructs (sexual self-efficacy, self-control self-efficacy, self-efficacy with most recent partner, hedonistic outcome expectancies and partner expected outcomes) and self-reported condom use at last sex act at the 3-month follow-up study visit. Results: Of 1252 participants included in analysis, 39% reported using a condom at last sex act. Male gender, homosexual orientation and single status were significant correlates of condom use. Both unadjusted and adjusted models indicate that sexual self-efficacy (adjusted relative risk (RRa)=1.50, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.84), self-control self-efficacy (RRa=1.67, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.04), self-efficacy with most recent partner (RRa=2.56, 95% CI 2.01 to 3.27), more favourable hedonistic outcome expectancies (RRa=1.83, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.17) and more favourable partner expected outcomes (RRa=9.74, 95% CI 3.21 to 29.57) were significantly associated with condom use at last sex act. Conclusions: Social cognitive skills, such as self-efficacy and partner expected outcomes, are an important aspect of condom use behaviour. C1 [Snead, Margaret C.; Mandel, Michele G.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Wiener, Jeffrey; Jamieson, Denise J.; Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [O'Leary, Ann M.; Margolis, Andrew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malotte, C. Kevin] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Donnell, Lydia] EDC, Waltham, MA USA. [Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Snead, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msnead@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The work contained within this publication was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), where technical assistance was provided through a federal cooperative agreement in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review and approval of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2014 VL 4 IS 12 AR e006093 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006093 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CJ3WC UT WOS:000355413900034 PM 25550295 ER PT J AU Parkinson, AJ Evengard, B AF Parkinson, Alan J. Evengard, Birgitta BE Butler, CD TI Climate Change and Health in the Arctic SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; OUTBREAK; CANADA; SWEDEN; ALASKA C1 [Parkinson, Alan J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Evengard, Birgitta] Umea Univ, Arctic Res Ctr ARCUM, Div Infect Dis, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. RP Parkinson, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ajp1@cdc.gov; birgitta.evengard@umu.se NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78064-265-9 PY 2014 BP 206 EP 217 D2 10.1079/9781780642659.0000 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BC8BE UT WOS:000355487300023 ER PT J AU Sejvar, JJ AF Sejvar, James J. BE Gubler, DJ Ooi, EE Vasudevan, S Farrar, J TI Neurological Manifestations of Dengue Virus Infection SO DENGUE AND DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ACUTE HYPOKALEMIC QUADRIPARESIS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; IMMUNIZATION SAFETY DATA; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CLINICAL-FEATURES; CASE SERIES; ATYPICAL MANIFESTATIONS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Sejvar, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM zea3@cdc.gov NR 153 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-964-9 PY 2014 BP 145 EP 167 D2 10.1079/9781845939649.0000 PG 23 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BC7RW UT WOS:000355179000010 ER PT J AU Muehlenbachs, A Zaki, SR AF Muehlenbachs, Atis Zaki, Sherif R. BE Gubler, DJ Ooi, EE Vasudevan, S Farrar, J TI Pathology of Dengue Virus Infection SO DENGUE AND DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; FATAL DENGUE; HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER; YELLOW-FEVER; PUERTO-RICO; TISSUES; PREGNANCY; LIVER; CHILDREN; THAILAND C1 [Muehlenbachs, Atis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Muehlenbachs, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Bldg 18 Rm SB132,MS G32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vkd6@cdc.gov; sxz1@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-964-9 PY 2014 BP 284 EP 292 D2 10.1079/9781845939649.0000 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BC7RW UT WOS:000355179000017 ER PT J AU Heneine, W Dobard, C Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Heneine, W. Dobard, C. Garcia-Lerma, J. G. TI Non-human primate models of drug resistance and efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Heneine, W.; Dobard, C.; Garcia-Lerma, J. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA P3 BP A5 EP A5 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300004 ER PT J AU Hunt, G Dokubo, EK Moodley, P de Oliviera, T Kalimashe, M Dube, N Radebe, F Erasmus, L Tavuka, S Deyde, V Morris, L Raizes, E AF Hunt, G. Dokubo, E. K. Moodley, P. de Oliviera, T. Kalimashe, M. Dube, N. Radebe, F. Erasmus, L. Tavuka, S. Deyde, V. Morris, L. Raizes, E. TI Surveillance of acquired HIV drug resistance in adult and paediatric patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Dokubo, E. K.; Raizes, E.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moodley, P.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Durban, South Africa. [de Oliviera, T.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Durban, South Africa. [Deyde, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pretoria, South Africa. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 31 BP A62 EP A62 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300056 ER PT J AU Li, JF Linley, L Kline, R Heneine, W Johnson, JA AF Li, J-F Linley, L. Kline, R. Heneine, W. Johnson, J. A. TI Mutation, viral load, and demographic associations among persons with minority-level transmitted drug resistance SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Li, J-F; Linley, L.; Kline, R.; Heneine, W.; Johnson, J. A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 29 BP A60 EP A60 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300054 ER PT J AU Malik, S Morris, L Yang, C Zeh, C Kiarie, J Stringer, JSA Weidle, PJ Johnson, JA AF Malik, S. Morris, L. Yang, C. Zeh, C. Kiarie, J. Stringer, J. S. A. Weidle, P. J. Johnson, J. A. TI Differentially expressed drug-resistant HIV subpopulations identified by surface marker immunocapture SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Malik, S.; Zeh, C.; Weidle, P. J.; Johnson, J. A.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morris, L.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Yang, C.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kiarie, J.] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Stringer, J. S. A.] CIDR, Lusaka, Zambia. [Stringer, J. S. A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 24 BP A52 EP A52 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300049 ER PT J AU Raizes, E AF Raizes, E. TI The purpose of HIV drug resistance surveillance SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Raizes, E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA P6 BP A8 EP A8 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300007 ER PT J AU Rivadeneira, ED DeVos, J Dziuban, E Ngeno, B Ngugi, E Zhang, G Sabatier, J Wagar, N Diallo, K Nganga, L Katana, A Yang, C Raizes, E AF Rivadeneira, E. D. DeVos, J. Dziuban, E. J. Ngeno, B. Ngugi, E. Zhang, G. Sabatier, J. Wagar, N. Diallo, K. Nganga, L. Katana, A. Yang, C. Raizes, E. TI High prevalence of L74V/I mutations in Kenyan children with virologic failure SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Rivadeneira, E. D.; DeVos, J.; Dziuban, E. J.; Zhang, G.; Sabatier, J.; Wagar, N.; Diallo, K.; Yang, C.; Raizes, E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ngeno, B.; Ngugi, E.; Nganga, L.; Katana, A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 54 BP A90 EP A90 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300079 ER PT J AU Yang, C Zhang, G Megazzini, K Etienne-Mesubi, M DeVos, J Sabatier, J Broyles, LN Dokubo, EK Redfield, R Odhiambo, F Mukui, I Masyuko, S Nganga, L Raizes, E AF Yang, C. Zhang, G. Megazzini, K. Etienne-Mesubi, M. DeVos, J. Sabatier, J. Broyles, L. N. Dokubo, E. K. Redfield, R. Odhiambo, F. Mukui, I. Masyuko, S. Nganga, L. Raizes, E. CA DBS-HIVDR Surveillance Study Team TI HIV drug resistance in adults in the Kenyan National Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Program: pilot surveys at sentinel clinics SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Yang, C.; Zhang, G.; DeVos, J.; Sabatier, J.; Broyles, L. N.; Dokubo, E. K.; Nganga, L.; Raizes, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Megazzini, K.] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Etienne-Mesubi, M.; Redfield, R.; Odhiambo, F.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Mukui, I.; Masyuko, S.] Kenya Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 56 BP A92 EP A92 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300081 ER PT J AU Zhang, G DeVos, J Medina-Moreno, S Wagar, N Diallo, K Beard, RS Zheng, D Raizes, E Yang, C AF Zhang, G. DeVos, J. Medina-Moreno, S. Wagar, N. Diallo, K. Beard, R. S. Zheng, D. Raizes, E. Yang, C. CA DBS-HIVDR Surveillance Study Team TI Demonstrating the utility of dried blood spots for national surveillance of acquired HIVDR in Kenya SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Workshop on Antiviral Drug Resistance - Meeting the Global Challenge CY JUN 03-07, 2014 CL Berlin, GERMANY C1 [Zhang, G.; DeVos, J.; Wagar, N.; Diallo, K.; Beard, R. S.; Zheng, D.; Raizes, E.; Yang, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Medina-Moreno, S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 65 BP A101 EP A101 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CH9TW UT WOS:000354380300090 ER PT B AU Patterson, MM Fox, JG Eberhard, ML AF Patterson, Mary M. Fox, James G. Eberhard, Mark L. BE Fox, JG Marini, RP TI Parasitic Diseases SO BIOLOGY AND DISEASES OF THE FERRET, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MUSTELA-PUTORIUS-FURO; EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED FERRETS; OTODECTES-CYNOTIS INFESTATION; DIROFILARIA-IMMITIS INFECTION; CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS-FELIS; PROLIFERATIVE BOWEL-DISEASE; BRUGIA-MALAYI INFECTION; DRACUNCULUS-INSIGNIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; LIFE-CYCLE C1 [Patterson, Mary M.; Fox, James G.] MIT, Div Comparat Med, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CGH Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patterson, MM (reprint author), MIT, Div Comparat Med, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 119 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-78269-9; 978-0-470-96045-5 PY 2014 BP 553 EP 572 D2 10.1002/9781118782699 PG 20 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA BC7IT UT WOS:000354901200023 ER PT J AU Breiman, RF Cosmas, L Audi, A Mwiti, W Njuguna, H Bigogo, GM Olack, B Ochieng, JB Wamola, N Montgomery, JM Williamson, J Parashar, UD Burton, DC Tate, JE Feikin, DR AF Breiman, Robert F. Cosmas, Leonard Audi, Allan Mwiti, William Njuguna, Henry Bigogo, Godfrey M. Olack, Beatrice Ochieng, John B. Wamola, Newton Montgomery, Joel M. Williamson, John Parashar, Umesh D. Burton, Deron C. Tate, Jacqueline E. Feikin, Daniel R. TI Use of Population-based Surveillance to Determine the Incidence of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in an Urban Slum and a Rural Setting in Kenya SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; gastroenteritis; diarrhea; population-based incidence; rates; children; adults; Kenya; urban; rural; vaccine; impact ID DIARRHEAL DISEASE; CHILDREN; VACCINE; HOSPITALIZATION; MORTALITY; ILLNESS; BURDEN; ADULTS; VIRUS AB Background: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of mortality among children <2 years of age. Disease burden data are important for introducing and sustaining new rotavirus vaccines in immunization programs. Methods: We analyzed population-based infectious disease surveillance data from 2007 to 2010 from Kenyan sites in rural and urban slum areas. Stool specimens were collected from patients of all ages presenting to study clinics with diarrheal disease and tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay. Incidence rates were adjusted using data on healthcare utilization (from biweekly home visits) and proportion of stools collected at study clinics from patients meeting case definitions. Results: Rotavirus was detected in 285 (9.0%) of 3174 stools tested, including 122 (11.9%) from children <5 years of age and 162 (7.6%) from participants >= 5 years of age. Adjusted incidence rates for infants were 13,419 and 12,135 per 100,000 person-years of observation in rural and urban areas, respectively. Adjusted incidence rates were high in adults across age ranges. The rates suggest that annually, among children <5 years of age, there are > 54,500 cases of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in rural Nyanza Province and > 16,750 cases in Nairobi urban slums. Conclusions: Community-based surveillance in urban and rural Kenya suggests that rotavirus plays an important role as a cause of acute gastroenteritis in adults, as well as in children. In addition to substantially preventing illness and complications from diarrheal disease in children, rotavirus infant immunization has the potential of indirectly preventing diarrheal disease in older children and adults, assuming children are the predominant sources of transmission. C1 [Breiman, Robert F.; Cosmas, Leonard; Audi, Allan; Mwiti, William; Njuguna, Henry; Bigogo, Godfrey M.; Olack, Beatrice; Ochieng, John B.; Wamola, Newton; Montgomery, Joel M.; Williamson, John; Burton, Deron C.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent KEMRI CDC, Global Dis Detect Div, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.; Cosmas, Leonard; Audi, Allan; Mwiti, William; Njuguna, Henry; Bigogo, Godfrey M.; Olack, Beatrice; Ochieng, John B.; Wamola, Newton; Montgomery, Joel M.; Williamson, John; Burton, Deron C.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent KEMRI CDC, Global Dis Detect Div, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Parashar, Umesh D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Breiman, RF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, 1599 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rfbreiman@emory.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S54 EP S61 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000094 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300012 PM 24343615 ER PT J AU Conklin, L Loo, JD Kirk, J Fleming-Dutra, KE Knoll, MD Park, DE Goldblatt, D O'Brien, KL Whitney, CG AF Conklin, Laura Loo, Jennifer D. Kirk, Jennifer Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Knoll, Maria Deloria Park, Daniel E. Goldblatt, David O'Brien, Katherine L. Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Systematic Review of the Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules on Vaccine-type Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Among Young Children SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunization schedule; invasive disease; systematic review ID POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; NONVACCINE SEROTYPES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; INFANT SCHEDULE; BASQUE COUNTRY; CANADA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EFFICACY; INFECTIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY AB Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) are being implemented globally using a variety of different schedules. The optimal schedule to maximize protection of vaccinated children against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (VT-IPD) is not known. Methods: To assess the relative benefit of various PCV dosing schedules, we conducted a systematic review of studies published in English from 1994 to 2010 (supplemented post hoc with studies from 2011) on PCV effectiveness against VT-IPD among children targeted to receive vaccine. Data on 2-dose and 3-dose primary series, both with and without a booster ("2+0," "2+1," "3+0" and "3+1"), were included. For observational studies using surveillance data or case counts, we calculated percentage reduction in VT-IPD before and after PCV introduction. Results: Of 4 randomized controlled trials and 31 observational studies reporting VT-IPD among young children, none evaluated a 2+0 complete series, 7 (19%) evaluated 2+1, 4 (11%) 3+0 and 27 (75%) 3+1. Most (86%) studies were from North America or Europe. Only 1 study (observational) directly compared 2 schedules (3+0 vs. 3+1); results supported the use of a booster dose. In clinical trials, vaccine efficacy ranged from 65% to 71% with 3+0 and 83% to 94% with 3+1. Surveillance data and case counts demonstrate reductions in VT-IPD of up to 100% with 2+1 (6 studies) or 3+1 (17 studies) schedules and up to 90% with 3+0 (2 studies). Reductions were observed as early as 1 year after PCV introduction. Conclusions: These data support the use of 2+1, 3+0 and 3+1 schedules, although most data of PCV impact on VT-IPD among young children are from high-income countries using 3+1. Differences between schedules for impact on VT-IPD are difficult to discern based on available data. C1 [Conklin, Laura; Loo, Jennifer D.; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirk, Jennifer] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP Conklin, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LConklin@cdc.gov RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the GAVI Alliance; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the GAVI Alliance. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of CDC, GAVI, PATH or IVAC. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board and meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to declare. NR 63 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S109 EP S118 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000078 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100002 PM 24336053 ER PT J AU Fleming-Dutra, KE Conklin, L Loo, JD Knoll, MD Park, DE Kirk, J Goldblatt, D Whitney, CG O'Brien, KL AF Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Conklin, Laura Loo, Jennifer D. Knoll, Maria Deloria Park, Daniel E. Kirk, Jennifer Goldblatt, David Whitney, Cynthia G. O'Brien, Katherine L. TI Systematic Review of the Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules on Vaccine-type Nasopharyngeal Carriage SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunization schedule; nasopharyngeal carriage; nasopharyngeal colonization; systematic review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; INVASIVE DISEASE; CHILDREN; COLONIZATION; IMPACT; INFANTS; FRANCE AB Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) reduce nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine type (VT) pneumococci, an important driver of vaccine programs' overall benefits. The dosing schedule that best reduces carriage is unclear. Methods: We performed a systematic review of English language publications from 1994 to 2010 (supplemented post hoc with studies from 2011) reporting PCV effects on VT carriage to assess variability in effect by dosing schedule. Results: We identified 32 relevant studies (36 citations) from 12,980 citations reviewed. Twenty-one (66%) evaluated PCV7; none used PCV10 or PCV13. Five studies evaluated 2 primary doses and 13 three primary doses. After the first year of life, 14 evaluated 3-dose primary series with PCV booster (3+1), seven 3 doses plus 23-valent polysaccharide booster "3+1PPV23," five "3+0," four "2+1," three "2+1PPV23" and two "2+0." Four studies directly compared schedules. From these, 3 primary doses reduced VT carriage more than 2 doses at 1-7 months following the series (1 study significant; 2 borderline). In a study, the 2+1 schedule reduced VT carriage more than 2+0 at 18, but not at 24 months of age. One study of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine booster showed no effect. All 16 clinical trials with unvaccinated controls and 11 observational studies with before-after designs showed reduction in VT carriage. Conclusions: The available literature demonstrates VT-carriage reduction for 2+0, 2+1, 3+0 and 3+1 PCV schedules, but not for 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine booster. Comparisons between schedules show that 3 primary doses and a 2+1 schedule may reduce carriage more than 2 primary doses and a 2+0 schedule, respectively. C1 [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Conklin, Laura; Loo, Jennifer D.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kirk, Jennifer] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP Fleming-Dutra, KE (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Keflemi@emory.edu RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through GAVI Alliance; Merck; Pfizer; GlaxosmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the GAVI Alliance. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of CDC, GAVI, PATH or IVAC. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxosmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxosmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxosmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxosmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 58 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S152 EP S160 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000083 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100006 PM 24336057 ER PT J AU Kiulia, NM Nyaga, MM Seheri, ML Wolfaardt, M van Zyl, WB Esona, MD Irimu, G Inoti, M Gatinu, BW Njenga, PK Taylor, MB Nyachieo, A AF Kiulia, Nicholas M. Nyaga, Martin M. Seheri, Mapaseka L. Wolfaardt, Marianne van Zyl, Walda B. Esona, Mathew D. Irimu, Grace Inoti, Murithi Gatinu, Bernard W. Njenga, Peter K. Taylor, Maureen B. Nyachieo, Atunga TI Rotavirus G and P Types Circulating in the Eastern Region of Kenya Predominance of G9 and Emergence of G12 Genotypes SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; gastroenteritis; genotypes; vaccines ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; AFRICAN INFANTS; CHILDREN; STRAINS; VACCINE; DIARRHEA; GASTROENTERITIS; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DIVERSITY AB Background: The World Health Organization has recommended that rotavirus (RV) vaccines be included in all national immunization programs as part of a strategy to control RV-associated diarrheal diseases. Hospital-based surveillance of RV infection is therefore crucial in monitoring the impact pre- and post-vaccine introduction and also to document changes in genotype distribution. This study sought to determine the RV genotypes circulating in the eastern region of Kenya before introduction of the RV vaccine. Methods: During September 2009 to August 2011, 500 stool samples were collected from children <5 years of age admitted for acute diarrhea in hospitals in the eastern region of Kenya and analyzed for the presence of group A RV using an enzyme immunoassay. G and P genotypes were determined using hemi-nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: One hundred and eighty nine out of 500 (38%) samples analyzed were positive for rotavirus. The following G types were detected: G9 (50.9%), G1 (26.8%), G8 (12.1%), G12 (3.1%), G2 (0.6%), mixed G (1.3%) and 5.1% were G nontypeable. P types detected included: P[8] (63.7%), P[4] (12.1%), P[6] (4.5%), mixed P (7.6%) and 12.1% were P nontypeable. The most dominant strain was G9P[8] (35%), followed by G1P[8] (26.8%), G8P[4] (9.6%), G12P[6] (2.5%), G9P[6] (1.9%), G9P[4] (1.3%), G8P[8] (1.3%), and G2P[4] (0.6%). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the recurring changing genotypes of RV circulating in Kenya, with genotypes G9, G1 and G8 being the dominant strains circulating in the eastern region of Kenya between 2009 and 2011. Additionally, G12 genotype was detected for the first time in Kenya. C1 [Kiulia, Nicholas M.; Nyachieo, Atunga] Natl Museums Kenya, Inst Primate Res, Enter Viruses Res Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nyaga, Martin M.; Seheri, Mapaseka L.] Univ Limpopo, MRC Medunsa Diarrheal Pathogens Res Unit, Reg Rotavirus Reference Lab, Pretoria, South Africa. [Wolfaardt, Marianne; van Zyl, Walda B.; Taylor, Maureen B.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Med Virol, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Esona, Mathew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Irimu, Grace] Univ Nairobi, Sch Med, Dept Paediat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Inoti, Murithi] Maua Methodist Hosp, Maua, Kenya. [Gatinu, Bernard W.] Meru Gen Hosp, Meru, Kenya. [Njenga, Peter K.] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Med Microbiol Program, Dept Appl Sci, Nairobi, Kenya. [Taylor, Maureen B.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Tshwane Acad Div, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Kiulia, NM (reprint author), Natl Museums Kenya, Inst Primate Res, Enter Viruses Res Grp, POB 24481-00502, Nairobi, Kenya. EM nick.kiulia@gmail.com RI Kiulia, Nicholas /B-8655-2015; Taylor, Maureen/D-2171-2017 OI Kiulia, Nicholas /0000-0001-8754-4227; Taylor, Maureen/0000-0002-2780-5795 FU Merck Co., Inc., NJ FX N.M.K., M.B.T. and A.N. have received funding from Merck & Co., Inc., NJ, for RV disease surveillance studies. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S85 EP S88 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000059 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300016 PM 24343620 ER PT J AU Knoll, MD Park, DE Johnson, TS Chandir, S Nonyane, BAS Conklin, L Fleming-Dutra, KE Loo, JD Goldblatt, D Whitney, CG O'Brien, KL AF Knoll, Maria Deloria Park, Daniel E. Johnson, T. Scott Chandir, Subash Nonyane, Bareng Aletta S. Conklin, Laura Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Loo, Jennifer D. Goldblatt, David Whitney, Cynthia G. O'Brien, Katherine L. TI Systematic Review of the Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules on Immunogenicity SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunogenicity; immunization schedule ID NONTYPABLE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ANTI-CAPSULAR ANTIBODIES; PROTEIN-D; PHID-CV; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; COMBINATION VACCINE; ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS; HEALTHY INFANTS; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE AB Background: Despite the breadth of studies demonstrating benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), uncertainty remains regarding the optimal PCV dosing schedule in infants. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of PCV immunogenicity published from 1994 to 2010 (supplemented post hoc with studies from 2011). Studies included for analysis evaluated >= 2 doses of 7-valent or higher product (excluding Aventis-Pasteur PCV11) administered to nonhigh-risk infants <= 6 months of age. Impact of PCV schedule on geometric mean antibody concentration (GMC) and proportion of subjects over 0.35 mcg/mL were assessed at various time points; the GMC 1 month postdose 3 (for various dosing regimens) for serotypes 1, 5, 6B, 14, 19F and 23F was assessed in detail using random effects linear regression, adjusted for product, acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis/whole-cell diphtheria--tetanus-pertussis coadministration, laboratory method, age at first dose and geographic region. Results: From 61 studies, we evaluated 13 two-dose (2+0) and 65 three-dose primary schedules (3+0) without a booster dose, 11 "2+1" (2 primary plus booster) and 42 "3+1" schedules. The GMC after the primary series was higher following 3-dose schedules compared with 2-dose schedules for all serotypes except for serotype 1. Pre- and postbooster GMCs were generally similar regardless of whether 2 or 3 primary doses were given. GMCs were significantly higher for all serotypes when dose 3 was administered in the second year (2+1) compared with <= 6 months of age (3+0). Conclusions: While giving the third dose in the second year of life produces a higher antibody response than when given as part of the primary series in the first 6 months, the lower GMC between the 2-dose primary series and booster may result in less disease protection for infants in that interval than those who completed the 3-dose primary series. Theoretical advantages of higher antibodies induced by giving the third dose in the second year of life, such as increased protection against serotype 1 disease, longer duration of protection or more rapid induction of herd effects, need to be evaluated in practice. C1 [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; Chandir, Subash; Nonyane, Bareng Aletta S.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Johnson, T. Scott] Biostat Consulting, Chicago, IL USA. [Conklin, Laura; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Loo, Jennifer D.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP O'Brien, KL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, 621 N Washington St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM klobrien@jhsph.edu RI Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016; OI Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397; Nonyane, Bareng/0000-0001-5633-7487; Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI); Merck; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of GAVI and/or PATH. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to declare. NR 86 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S119 EP S129 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000079 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100003 ER PT J AU Loo, JD Conklin, L Knoll, MD Fleming-Dutra, KE Park, DE Kirk, J Johnson, TS Goldblatt, D O'Brien, KL Whitney, CG AF Loo, Jennifer D. Conklin, Laura Knoll, Maria Deloria Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Park, Daniel E. Kirk, Jennifer Johnson, T. Scott Goldblatt, David O'Brien, Katherine L. Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Methods for a Systematic Review of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunization schedule; methods; systematic review AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a considerable amount of morbidity and mortality in children <5. However, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) can prevent much of this burden. Until recently, PCVs were mostly available only in developed countries using a variety of dosing schedules. As more lower income countries make decisions to introduce PCV into their national immunization programs, an optimal schedule with which to administer PCV has become a key policy question. Methods: We performed a systematic review of English literature published from 1994 to 2010 on the effects of PCV dosing schedules on immunogenicity, nasopharyngeal carriage, invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia. Data were independently double abstracted and cleaned for analysis. Descriptive analyses were performed. Results: We identified 12,980 citations from the literature search (12,976) and secondary means (44). Double review of titles and abstracts yielded 769 articles that underwent full data abstraction. Of these, 350 were further analyzed and are presented in separate reports in this supplement. Conclusions: This article presents the methods utilized in our systematic review. Because of the heterogenity of the study methods of the reports identified by this review, we did not conduct formal meta-analyses. However, these methods allow us to present a full landscape of the literature on PCV dosing schedules. C1 [Loo, Jennifer D.; Conklin, Laura; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirk, Jennifer] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Johnson, T. Scott] Biostatist Consulting, Chicago, IL USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP Loo, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JLoo@cdc.gov RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through GAVI Alliance; Merck; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the GAVI Alliance. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of the GAVI Alliance, PATH, CDC or IVAC. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Saofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. had received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S182 EP S187 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000085 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100009 PM 24336060 ER PT J AU Loo, JD Conklin, L Fleming-Dutra, KE Knoll, MD Park, DE Kirk, J Goldblatt, D O'Brien, KL Whitney, CG AF Loo, Jennifer D. Conklin, Laura Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Knoll, Maria Deloria Park, Daniel E. Kirk, Jennifer Goldblatt, David O'Brien, Katherine L. Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Systematic Review of the Indirect Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules on Pneumococcal Disease and Colonization SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; nasopharyngeal carriage; pneumonia; pneumococcal disease; indirect effects ID 2+1 DOSE SCHEDULE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; HERD-IMMUNITY; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; SEROTYPES; ADULTS; TRIAL; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: To aid decision making for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) use in infant national immunization programs, we summarized the indirect effects of PCV on clinical outcomes among nontargeted age groups. Methods: We systematically reviewed the English literature on infant PCV dosing schedules published from 1994 to 2010 (with ad hoc addition of 2011 articles) for outcomes on children >5 years of age and adults including vaccine-type nasopharyngeal carriage (VT-NP), vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease (VT-IPD) and syndromic pneumonia. Results: Of 12,980 citations reviewed, we identified 21 VT-IPD, 6 VT-NP and 9 pneumonia studies. Of these 36, 21 (58%) included 3 primary doses plus PCV or pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) booster schedule (3+1 or 3+PPV23), 5 (14%) 3+0, 9 (25%) 2+1 and 1 (3%) 2+0. Most (95%) were PCV7 studies. Among observational VT-IPD studies, all schedules (2+1, 3+0 and 3+1) demonstrated reductions in incidence among young adult groups. Among syndromic pneumonia observational studies (2+1, 3+0 and 3+1), only 3+1 schedules showed significant indirect impact. Of 2 VT-NP controlled trials (3+0 and 3+1) and 3 VT-NP observational studies (2+1, 3+1 and 3+PPV23), 3+1 and 3+PPV23 schedules showed significant indirect effect. The 1 study to directly compare between schedules was a VT-NP study (2+0 vs. 2+1), which found no indirect effect on older siblings and parents of vaccinated children with either schedule. Conclusions: Indirect benefit of a 3+1 infant PCV dosing schedule has been demonstrated for VT-IPD, VT-NP and syndromic pneumonia; 2+1 and 3+0 schedules have demonstrated indirect effect only for VT-IPD. The choice of optimal infant PCV schedule is limited by data paucity on indirect effects, especially a lack of head-to-head studies and studies of PCV10 and PCV13. C1 [Loo, Jennifer D.; Conklin, Laura; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Natl Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kirk, Jennifer] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP O'Brien, KL (reprint author), 855 N Wolfe St,Suite 600, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM klobrien@jhsph.edu RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI); Merck; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of GAVI and/or PATH. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to declare. NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S161 EP S171 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000084 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100007 PM 24336058 ER PT J AU Loo, JD Conklin, L Fleming-Dutra, KE Knoll, MD Park, DE Kirk, J Goldblatt, D O'Brien, KL Whitney, CG AF Loo, Jennifer D. Conklin, Laura Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Knoll, Maria Deloria Park, Daniel E. Kirk, Jennifer Goldblatt, David O'Brien, Katherine L. Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Systematic Review of the Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules on Prevention of Pneumonia SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunization schedule; pneumonia; systematic review ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN YOUNGER; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; PARAPNEUMONIC EMPYEMA; DOUBLE-BLIND; IMPACT AB Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age globally. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are known to provide protection against vaccine serotype pneumococcal pneumonia; uncertainty exists regarding the optimum PCV dosing schedule. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies published from 1994 to 2010 (supplemented post hoc with studies from 2011) documenting the effect of PCV dosing schedules on clinical and radiologically confirmed pneumonia, pneumococcal pneumonia and empyema among children of ages targeted to receive vaccine. Data on 2- and 3-dose schedules were included. Percent change of pneumonia incidence rates from baseline to most recent year post-PCV introduction was calculated. Results: We identified 42 primary citations that evaluated PCV schedules and pneumonia. Thirty-seven (88%) were from North America, Europe or Australia; 37 (88%) evaluated PCV7 and 1 (2%) PCV10. Two studies (both observational) compared multiple schedules within the study. We found evidence of reduced clinical and radiologically confirmed pneumonia incidence for all schedules, including 2+1 (1 nonrandomized trial, 5 observational studies), 3+0 (5 randomized trials, 2 observational studies) and 3+1 (5 clinical trials, 24 observational studies) schedules. The magnitude of disease impact did not differ among schedules. Evidence for impact on pneumococcal pneumonia and empyema varied. Conclusions: All schedules (2+1, 3+0 and 3+1) reduced clinical and radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Quantifying differences in pneumonia disease impact between schedules was difficult due to heterogeneity among studies in design, case definition and population. These findings support World Health Organization recommendations for 3-dose schedules administered as either 3+0 or 2+1 regimens. Pneumonia impact data are still needed on expanded serotype PCV products, developing country settings and the role for a booster dose. C1 [Loo, Jennifer D.; Conklin, Laura; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Knoll, Maria Deloria; Park, Daniel E.; O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kirk, Jennifer] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP Loo, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JLoo@cdc.gov RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through GAVI Alliance; Merck; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from The GAVI Alliance. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of CDC, GAVI, PATH or IVAC. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 64 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S140 EP S151 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000082 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100005 PM 24336056 ER PT J AU Mustafa, A Makki, A Siddig, O Haithami, S Teleb, N Trivedi, T Parashar, U Patel, M AF Mustafa, Amani Makki, Alia Siddig, Omer Haithami, Salah Teleb, Nadia Trivedi, Tarak Parashar, Umesh Patel, Manish TI Baseline Burden of Rotavirus Disease in Sudan to Monitor the Impact of Vaccination SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; vaccines; diarrhea; burden ID UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; IMMUNIZATION; SEASONALITY; DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; PROGRAMS AB Background: In 2011, Sudan became the first low-income country in Africa to introduce a rotavirus vaccine. Prevaccine baseline data on rotavirus disease burden are crucial for monitoring the impact of this new vaccine program. Methods: We conducted active, hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus disease at 8 regional public hospitals in Sudan using a standard protocol recommended by the World Health Organization for 2 full years immediately preceding vaccine introduction. Cases were children <5 years hospitalized with gastroenteritis, defined as acute onset of 3 or more loose stools or 2 or more episodes of vomiting in a 24-hour period. Stool specimens from cases were tested for rotavirus using a commercially available assay. Results: From June 2009 to May 2011, rotavirus was detected in 3985 (36%) of 10,953 children hospitalized for gastroenteritis, with detection rates ranging from 25% to 48% at the 8 hospitals. Approximately 61% of the rotavirus hospitalizations occurred before 1 year of age and most (91%) occurred before 2 years of age. Rotavirus was detected year-round in Sudan with peaks during March to May and November to December. Applying rotavirus prevalence to national estimates of diarrhea events, we calculated 9800 deaths, 22,800 hospitalizations and 55,400 outpatient visits related to rotavirus per year among children <5 years of age in Sudan. Conclusions: The high burden of rotavirus disease in Sudan indicates that the recently implemented vaccination program should substantially improve child health in Sudan. This nationwide rotavirus surveillance system will be an important platform for assessing the benefits and value of rotavirus vaccine in a developing country setting. C1 [Mustafa, Amani; Makki, Alia; Siddig, Omer; Haithami, Salah] Minist Hlth Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan. [Teleb, Nadia] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Trivedi, Tarak; Parashar, Umesh; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpa-tel@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization [001] NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S23 EP S27 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000095 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300006 PM 24343609 ER PT J AU Mwenda, JM Tate, JE Steele, AD Parashar, UD AF Mwenda, Jason M. Tate, Jacqueline E. Steele, A. Duncan Parashar, Umesh D. TI Preparing for the Scale-up of Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Africa Establishing Surveillance Platforms to Monitor Disease Burden and Vaccine Impact SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; surveillance; Africa ID SEVERE DIARRHEA; CHILDREN; MEXICO; HOSPITALIZATIONS; GASTROENTERITIS; PROTECTION; COUNTRIES; EFFICACY; INFANTS; SAFETY AB Countries in Africa have begun introducing rotavirus vaccines in their national immunization programs, and wide-scale rollout across the continent is expected during the next few years. In preparation for vaccine introduction, many countries initiated surveillance for rotavirus and other studies to document disease burden, to describe the epidemiology and to monitor circulating rotavirus strains in Africa. In addition, 2 countries sought to systematically investigate cases of intussusception, a rare adverse event that has been associated with rotavirus vaccines in some settings. The ongoing surveillance provided data that will serve as a baseline against which the impact of rotavirus vaccines in Africa can be assessed. C1 [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Mwenda, JM (reprint author), WHO, Reg Off Africa, New Vaccines Surveillance Immunizat Vaccines & Em, POB 06, Brazzaville, Congo. EM mwendaj@who.int FU GAVI Alliance; national expanded program for immunization Managers; national Ministries of Health; WHO EPI; Centers for Disease Prevention and Control FX The authors acknowledge GAVI Alliance for financial support to WHO; support from national expanded program for immunization Managers; national Ministries of Health; WHO EPI/surveillance officers; Inter Country Support teams (IST) including the Data Managers and country sentinel site implementation teams coordinating rotavirus Surveillance at different levels and support from Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S1 EP S5 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000132 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300001 PM 24343605 ER PT J AU Mwenda, JM Tate, JE Parashar, UD Mihigo, R Agocs, M Serhan, F Nshimirimana, D AF Mwenda, Jason M. Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. Mihigo, Richard Agocs, Mary Serhan, Fatima Nshimirimana, Deo TI African Rotavirus Surveillance Network A Brief Overview SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB With the imminent availability of new and prospective rotavirus vaccines, reliable information on burden of rotavirus diseases in the different African countries was required to enable evidence-based decision making regarding introduction of rotavirus vaccines. World Health Organization has been supporting Member States since 2006 to establish sentinel surveillance for rotavirus diarrhea in children <5 years of age using standardized guidelines. African countries are using this platform to generate high quality country specific data to document and demonstrate the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis. The data gathered are being used by policy makers to guide decisions on appropriate intervention strategies for diarrhea control including the value and timing of the introduction of new rotavirus vaccines in the national immunization programs. C1 [Mwenda, Jason M.; Mihigo, Richard; Nshimirimana, Deo] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Agocs, Mary; Serhan, Fatima] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Mwenda, JM (reprint author), WHO, Reg Off Africa, Immunizat Vaccines & Emergencies Cluster, POB 06, Brazzaville, Congo. EM mwendaj@who.int FU GAVI Alliance; national expanded program for immunization Managers; national Ministries of Health; WHO EPI; Centers for Disease Prevention and Control FX The authors acknowledge GAVI Alliance for financial support to WHO; support from national expanded program for immunization Managers; national Ministries of Health; WHO EPI/surveillance officers; Inter Country Support teams (IST) including the Data Managers and country sentinel site implementation teams coordinating rotavirus Surveillance at different levels and support from Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S6 EP S8 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000174 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300002 PM 24343616 ER PT J AU Ngabo, F Gatera, M Karema, C Donnen, P Lepage, P Parashar, UD Tate, JE Mwenda, JM Rugambwa, C Binagwaho, A AF Ngabo, Fidele Gatera, Maurice Karema, Corrine Donnen, Philippe Lepage, Philippe Parashar, Umesh D. Tate, Jacqueline E. Mwenda, Jason M. Rugambwa, Celse Binagwaho, Agnes TI Can Routinely Collected National Data on Childhood Morbidity and Mortality from Diarrhea be Used to Monitor Health Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination in Africa? Examination of Pre-Vaccine Baseline Data from Rwanda SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; national data; Rwanda; rotavirus vaccination ID EFFICACY; SAFETY AB Background: As rotavirus vaccine is introduced into routine childhood immunization programs in Africa, understanding its impact on diarrheal disease burden is important. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether routinely collected health information on national diarrhea hospitalizations, in-hospital deaths and outpatient visits would be useful to monitor rotavirus vaccine impact. Methods: We analyzed data for all-cause, nonbloody diarrheal disease among children <5 years of age from the routine health management information system (HMIS) in Rwanda from January 2008 through December 2011. We described trends in absolute numbers of inpatient admissions, in-hospital deaths and outpatient visits by year, age and setting. Results: All-cause, nonbloody diarrheal hospitalizations and outpatient visits among children <5 years of age in Rwanda from 2008 to 2011 peaked during the June to August dry season, coinciding with the rotavirus season. The bulk of the diarrheal disease burden occurred in children <1 year of age. Health centers provided many care to children with diarrhea including 60-72% of hospitalizations and 97-99% of outpatient visits. Many in-hospital diarrheal deaths (84%) occurred in district hospitals. Discussion: Given the stable and consistent trends and the prominent seasonality consistent with that of rotavirus, HMIS data should provide a useful baseline to monitor rotavirus vaccine impact on the overall diarrheal disease burden in Rwanda. Active, sentinel surveillance for rotavirus diarrhea will help interpret changes in diarrheal disease trends following vaccine introduction. Other countries planning rotavirus vaccine introduction should explore the availability and quality of their HMIS data. C1 [Ngabo, Fidele; Binagwaho, Agnes] Rwanda Minist Hlth, Kigali City, Rwanda. [Ngabo, Fidele; Donnen, Philippe] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Gatera, Maurice; Karema, Corrine] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Rugenge, Kigali, Rwanda. [Lepage, Philippe] Hop Univ Enfants Reine Fabiola HUDERF, Brussels, Belgium. [Parashar, Umesh D.; Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Rugambwa, Celse] WHO, Kigali, Rwanda. [Binagwaho, Agnes] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Ngabo, F (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Unit, Kigali 631, KG, Rwanda. EM ngabog@yahoo.fr NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S89 EP S93 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000054 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300017 PM 24343621 ER PT J AU Ngendahayo, E Bonane, A Ntakiyiruta, G Munyanshongore, A Muganga, N Bikoroti, J Mwenda, JM Tate, JE Ngabo, F AF Ngendahayo, Edouard Bonane, Alex Ntakiyiruta, Georges Munyanshongore, Aline Muganga, Narcisse Bikoroti, Joel Mwenda, Jason M. Tate, Jacqueline E. Ngabo, Fidele TI Preparing for Safety Monitoring After Rotavirus Vaccine Implementation A Retrospective Review of Intussusception Cases among Children at a Large Teaching Hospital in Rwanda, 2009-2012 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE intussusception; rotavirus; Rwanda; safety ID INFANTS; RISK; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: In some settings, rotavirus vaccines have been associated with a small risk of intussusception. This study describes the demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with intussusception in Rwanda before vaccine introduction in May 2012. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data on pediatric patients treated for intussusception at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali from January 2009 to June 2012. Hospital registries were reviewed to identify intussusception cases. Archived patient files were abstracted to collect data on demographics, clinical presentation, surgery and outcome. Results: During the study period, 70 children <= 19 years of age were treated for intussusception and patient files were retrieved for 60 (86%) cases. Over half of patients (58%) were <1 year of age and 90% were transferred from a district hospital. Only 30% of patients presented within 3 days of symptom onset and 35% experienced a delay of >= 6 hours between surgical review and surgery. Surgical complications were experienced by 35% of children. Over 1 quarter (28%) of children died. Compared with children who survived, children who died were significantly more likely to have experienced complications (21% vs. 71%; P < 0.001) and to be female (28% vs. 65%; P = 0.009). Discussion: Mortality due to intussusception was high among Rwanda children. Delays in presentation and treatment were common. Assessing trends in the number of cases to monitor for vaccine-associated intussusception will be difficult. Additional work is needed to further understand risk factors for mortality, to calculate incidence rates and to monitor the safety of the rotavirus vaccination program. C1 [Ngendahayo, Edouard] King Faisal Hosp, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda. [Bonane, Alex; Ntakiyiruta, Georges] Univ Teaching Hosp Kigali, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda. [Munyanshongore, Aline] Kacyiru Police Hosp, Kigali, Rwanda. [Muganga, Narcisse] Univ Teaching Hosp Kigali, Dept Pediat, Kigali, Rwanda. [Bikoroti, Joel] Univ Teaching Hosp Butare, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa WHO AFRO, Brazzaville, Congo. [Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ngabo, Fidele] Minist Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Unit, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Ngendahayo, E (reprint author), King Faisal Hosp, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda. EM ngenedou@yahoo.fr NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 1 BP S99 EP S103 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000093 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UI UT WOS:000354602300019 PM 24343624 ER PT J AU O'Brien, KL Goldblatt, D Whitney, CG AF O'Brien, Katherine L. Goldblatt, David Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Why Do We Need a Systematic Review of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Dosing Schedules? SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; DISEASE; IMMUNIZATION; CHILDREN C1 [O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. [Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Brien, KL (reprint author), 855 N Wolfe St,Suite 600, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM klobrien@jhsph.edu RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242 NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S107 EP S108 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000075 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100001 PM 24336052 ER PT J AU Park, DE Johnson, TS Nonyane, BAS Chandir, S Conklin, L Fleming-Dutra, KE Loo, JD Goldblatt, D Whitney, CG O'Brien, KL Knoll, MD AF Park, Daniel E. Johnson, T. Scott Nonyane, Bareng Aletta S. Chandir, Subhash Conklin, Laura Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E. Loo, Jennifer D. Goldblatt, David Whitney, Cynthia G. O'Brien, Katherine L. Knoll, Maria Deloria TI The Differential Impact of Coadministered Vaccines, Geographic Region, Vaccine Product and Other Covariates on Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunogenicity SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; immunogenicity; immunization ID NONTYPABLE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PROTEIN-D; PHID-CV; ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS; B CONJUGATE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; COMBINATION VACCINE; HEALTHY INFANTS; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY AB Background: Antipneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibody concentrations are used as predictors of vaccine efficacy against vaccine serotype (ST) pneumococcal disease among infants. While pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) are recommended globally, factors associated with optimal PCV immune response are not well described. We aimed to systematically assess local setting factors, beyond dosing schedule, which may affect PCV antibody levels. Methods: We conducted a literature review of PCV immunogenicity, abstracting data from published reports, unpublished sources, and conference abstracts from 1994 to 2010 (and ad hoc 2011 reports). Studies included in this analysis evaluated >= 2 primary doses of PCV before 6 months of age in non-high-risk populations, used 7-valent or higher PCV products (excluding Aventis-Pasteur and Merck products) and provided information on geometric mean concentration (GMC) for STs 1, 5, 6B, 14, 19F or 23F. Using random effects meta-regression, we assessed the impact of geographic region, coadministered vaccines and PCV product on postprimary GMC, adjusting for dosing schedule and ELISA laboratory method. Results: Of 12,980 citations reviewed, we identified 103 vaccine study arms for this analysis. Children in studies from Asia, Africa and Latin America had significantly higher GMC responses compared with those in studies from Europe and North America. Coadministration with acellular pertussis DTP compared with whole-cell DTP had no effect on PCV immunogenicity except for ST14, where GMCs were higher when coadministered with acellular pertussis DTP. Vaccine product, number of PCV doses, dosing interval, age at first dose and ELISA laboratory method also affected the GMC. Conclusions: PCV immunogenicity is associated with geographic region and vaccine product; however, the associations and magnitude varied by ST. Consideration of these factors is essential when comparing PCV immunogenicity results between groups and should be included in the evidence base when selecting optimal PCV vaccine schedules in specific settings. C1 [Park, Daniel E.; Nonyane, Bareng Aletta S.; Chandir, Subhash; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Knoll, Maria Deloria] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Johnson, T. Scott] Biostat Consulting, Chicago, IL USA. [Conklin, Laura; Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.; Loo, Jennifer D.; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleming-Dutra, Katherine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldblatt, David] UCL, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. RP Knoll, MD (reprint author), 855 N Wolfe St,Suite 600, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mknoll@jhsph.edu RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008; Park, Daniel/R-5604-2016; OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242; Park, Daniel/0000-0001-5139-5397; Nonyane, Bareng/0000-0001-5633-7487 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI); Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH) through funding from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI). The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of GAVI and/or PATH. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. has received grant support from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-Pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. M.D.K. has received support from Novartis for participation on a Data and Safety Monitoring Board, meeting travel reimbursement from Pfizer and grant support from Merck. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to declare. NR 79 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S130 EP S139 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000081 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100004 PM 24336055 ER PT J AU Whitney, CG Goldblatt, D O'Brien, KL AF Whitney, Cynthia G. Goldblatt, David O'Brien, Katherine L. TI Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Considerations for Policy Makers SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumococcal vaccine; policy; children; disease prevention ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INVASIVE STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Since second generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) targeting 10 and 13 serotypes became available in 2010, the number of national policy makers considering these vaccines has steadily increased. An important consideration for a national immunization program is the timing and number of doses-the schedule-that will best prevent disease in the population. Data on disease epidemiology and the efficacy or effectiveness of PCV schedules are typically considered when choosing a schedule. Practical concerns, such as the existing vaccine schedule, and vaccine program performance are also important. In low-income countries, pneumococcal disease and deaths typically peak well before the end of the first year of life, making a schedule that provides PCV doses early in life (eg, a 6-, 10- and 14-week schedule) potentially the best option. In other settings, a schedule including a booster dose may address disease that peaks in the second year of life or may be seen to enhance a schedule already in place. A large and growing body of evidence from immunogenicity studies, as well as clinical trials and observational studies of carriage, pneumonia and invasive disease, has been systematically reviewed; these data indicate that schedules of 3 or 4 doses all work well, and that the differences between these regimens are subtle, especially in a mature program in which coverage is high and indirect (herd) effects help enhance protection provided directly by a vaccine schedule. The recent World Health Organization policy statement on PCVs endorsed a schedule of 3 primary doses without a booster or, as a new alternative, 2 primary doses with a booster dose. While 1 schedule may be preferred in a particular setting based on local epidemiology or practical considerations, achieving high coverage with 3 doses is likely more important than the specific timing of doses. C1 [Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goldblatt, David] Inst Child Hlth, London, England. [O'Brien, Katherine L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Int Vaccine Access Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Whitney, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop C25,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwhitney@cdc.gov RI Goldblatt, David/C-5972-2008 OI Goldblatt, David/0000-0002-0769-5242 FU Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PATH) through GAVI; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline FX Support for this project was provided by Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PATH) through funding from the GAVI. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, GAVI and/or PATH. D.G.'s laboratory performs contract and or collaborative research for/with Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Pasteur. D.G. has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. K.O.B. received grant support from Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline and has received travel or honorarium support for participation in external expert committees for Merck, Aventis-pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline. The authors have no other funding or conflicts of interest to declare. NR 71 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 SU 2 BP S172 EP S181 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000076 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA CI2UZ UT WOS:000354604100008 PM 24336059 ER PT J AU Sjodin, A Jones, RS Caudill, SP Wong, LY Turner, WE Calafat, AM AF Sjoedin, Andreas Jones, Richard S. Caudill, Samuel P. Wong, Lee-Yang Turner, Wayman E. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Other Persistent Organic Pollutants in Serum Pools from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 2001-2002 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HOUSE-DUST; PBDES; POPULATION AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and persistent pesticides have been measured in serum pools from participants 3-5, 6-11, 12-19, 20-39, 40-59, and >= 60 years of age from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. For 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47), the unweighted (not adjusted for sampling weights) arithmetic mean concentration (+/- 95% confidence interval) was 3.4 times higher in 3-5-year-olds (216 +/- 30 ng/g of lipid) than in 12-19-year-olds (64 +/- 11 ng/g of lipid), with no apparent change with increasing age for adults >= 20 years of age. By contrast, unweighted arithmetic mean concentrations of traditional persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5'-octachlorobiphenyl (PCB194) were 2- and 20-fold higher, respectively, in persons >= 60 years than in 12-19-year-old adolescents. Findings suggest higher exposures to PBDEs but lower exposures to traditional POPs in 3-5-year-old children than in adults. C1 [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard S.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Wong, Lee-Yang; Turner, Wayman E.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sjodin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM asjodin@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2328-8930 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECH LET JI Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 1 IS 1 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1021/ez400050w PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD1JH UT WOS:000350830700019 PM 27933302 ER PT J AU Southern, WN Drainoni, ML Smith, BD Koppelman, E McKee, MD Christiansen, CL Gifford, AL Weinbaum, CM Litwin, AH AF Southern, William N. Drainoni, Mari-Lynn Smith, Bryce D. Koppelman, Elisa McKee, M. Diane Christiansen, Cindy L. Gifford, Allen L. Weinbaum, Cindy M. Litwin, Alain H. TI Physician Nonadherence With a Hepatitis C Screening Program SO QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE clinical practice patterns; community-based participatory research; guideline adherence; hepatitis C; intervention studies; mass screening ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; MENTAL-ILLNESS; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; MANAGEMENT; DYSLIPIDEMIA AB Background: Testing for patients at risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is recommended, but it is unclear whether providers adhere to testing guidelines. We aimed to measure adherence to an HCV screening protocol during a multifaceted continuous intervention. Subjects and Methods: Prospective cohort design to examine the associations between patient-level, physician-level, and visit-level characteristics and adherence to an HCV screening protocol. Study participants included all patients with a visit to 1 of the 3 study clinics and the physicians who cared for them. Adherence to the HCV screening protocol and patient-level, physician-level, and visit-level predictors of adherence were measured. Results: A total of 8981 patients and 154 physicians were examined. Overall protocol adherence rate was 36.1%. In multivariate analysis, patient male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18), new patient (OR = 1.23), morning visit (OR = 1.32), and patients' preferred language being non-English (OR = 0.87) were significantly associated with screening adherence. There was a wide variation in overall adherence among physicians (range, 0%-92.4%). Screening adherence continuously declined from 59.1% in week 1 of the study to 13.7% in week 15 (final week). When implementing complex clinical practice guidelines, planners should address physician attitudinal barriers as well as gaps in knowledge to maximize adherence. C1 [Southern, William N.; Litwin, Alain H.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Southern, William N.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Hosp Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Litwin, Alain H.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [McKee, M. Diane] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Family & Social Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Koppelman, Elisa; Christiansen, Cindy L.; Gifford, Allen L.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Gifford, Allen L.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Gifford, Allen L.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Koppelman, Elisa; Christiansen, Cindy L.; Gifford, Allen L.] ENRM Vet Adm Hosp, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. [Smith, Bryce D.; Weinbaum, Cindy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Southern, WN (reprint author), Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hosp Med, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM wsouther@montefiore.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) via Agency Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) ACTION initiative [HHSA2902006000012 T0#4]; Clinical Investigation Core of the Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center - National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P30 AI51519]; CTSA from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR025750, KL2 RR025749, TL1 RR025748] FX This project was funded by a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) contract via the Agency Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) ACTION initiative to Boston University (contract HHSA2902006000012 T0#4). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the AHRQ or CDC. Additional support was provided the Clinical Investigation Core of the Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH P30 AI51519), and the CTSA grant UL1 RR025750 and KL2 RR025749 and TL1 RR025748, from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the National Institutes of Health. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1063-8628 EI 1550-5154 J9 QUAL MANAG HEALTH CA JI Qual. Manag. Health Care PD JAN-MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1097/QMH.0000000000000007 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA CD0EM UT WOS:000350743300001 PM 24368717 ER PT J AU Todahl, JL Walters, E Bharwdi, D Dube, SR AF Todahl, Jeffrey L. Walters, Elaine Bharwdi, Deepa Dube, Shanta R. TI Trauma Healing: A Mixed Methods Study of Personal and Community-Based Healing SO JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE abuse; healing; intervention; neglect; survivor; trauma ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; ABUSE; STRESS; RISK AB Trauma survivors' beliefs are important toward a new social response to trauma-a response that reduces help-seeking barriers and invites and supports healing. This exploratory, mixed-methods study examined trauma survivors' perspectives about key elements of trauma healing. An online and paper-and-pencil survey (n = 82) asked participants to describe what hindered and what helped regarding how people in their lives, including mental health providers, responded to their abuse. Five central themes emerged: what hurt, what helped or would have helped, experience with the mental health system, recommendations to the mental health system, and what participants need in the mental health system. The majority of participants reported that they never or rarely received help or protection at the time of their abuse, and most were first abused early in childhood. This study supports the notion that trauma survivors' insights should be central in the development of community-based healing models. C1 [Todahl, Jeffrey L.] Univ Oregon, Coll Educ, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Walters, Elaine] Trauma Healing Project, Eugene, OR USA. [Bharwdi, Deepa] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Dube, Shanta R.] Ctr Dis Control, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Todahl, JL (reprint author), 5251 Univ Oregon, Coll Educ Couples & Family Therapy, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM jtodahl@uoregon.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2007-M-21704] FX This study was partially supported by a sole source contract (#200-2007-M-21704) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1092-6771 EI 1545-083X J9 J AGGRESS MALTREAT T JI J. Aggress. Maltreatment Trauma PY 2014 VL 23 IS 6 BP 611 EP 632 DI 10.1080/10926771.2014.920453 PG 22 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry GA CC1UM UT WOS:000350130000003 ER PT S AU Cox, NJ Trock, SC Burke, SA AF Cox, Nancy J. Trock, Susan C. Burke, Stephen A. BE Compans, RW Oldstone, MBA TI Pandemic Preparedness and the Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) SO INFLUENZA PATHOGENESIS AND CONTROL - VOL I SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID A H1N1; UNITED-STATES; VIRUSES; INFECTION; HUMANS AB Influenza infections have resulted in millions of deaths and untold millions of illnesses throughout history. Influenza vaccines are the cornerstone of influenza prevention and control. Recommendations are made by the World Health Organization (WHO) 6-9 months in advance of the influenza season regarding what changes, if any, should be made in the formulation of seasonal influenza vaccines. This allows time to manufacture, test, distribute, and administer vaccine prior to the beginning of the influenza season. At the same time experts also consider which viruses not currently circulating in the human population, but with pandemic potential, pose the greatest risk to public health. Experts may conclude that one or more of these viruses are of enough concern to warrant development of a high-growth reassortant candidate vaccine virus. Subsequently, national authorities may determine that a vaccine should be manufactured, tested in clinical trials, and even stockpiled in some circumstances. The Influenza Risk Assessment Tool (IRAT) was created in an effort to develop a standardized set of elements that could be applied for decision making when evaluating pre-pandemic viruses. The tool is a simple, additive model, based on multi-attribute decision analysis. The ultimate goal is to identify an appropriate candidate vaccine virus and prepare a human vaccine before the virus adapts to infect and efficiently transmit in susceptible human populations. This pre-pandemic preparation allows production of vaccine-a strategy that could save lives and mitigate illness during a pandemic. C1 [Cox, Nancy J.; Trock, Susan C.; Burke, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burke, Stephen A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cox, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM njc1@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-319-11155-1; 978-3-319-11154-4 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2014 VL 385 BP 119 EP + DI 10.1007/82_2014_419 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-11155-1 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology GA BC0DZ UT WOS:000348980900006 PM 25085014 ER PT S AU Kamal, RP Katz, JM York, IA AF Kamal, Ram P. Katz, Jaqueline M. York, Ian A. BE Compans, RW Oldstone, MBA TI Molecular Determinants of Influenza Virus Pathogenesis in Mice SO INFLUENZA PATHOGENESIS AND CONTROL - VOL I SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID SINGLE-AMINO-ACID; NEURAMINIDASE STALK LENGTH; N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION; MULTIBASIC CLEAVAGE SITE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; INNATE IMMUNE-SYSTEM; 1918 PANDEMIC VIRUS; A H5N1 VIRUSES; MOUSE MODEL; INCREASED VIRULENCE AB Mice are widely used for studying influenza virus pathogenesis and immunology because of their low cost, the wide availability of mouse-specific reagents, and the large number of mouse strains available, including knockout and transgenic strains. However, mice do not fully recapitulate the signs of influenza infection of humans: transmission of influenza between mice is much less efficient than in humans, and influenza viruses often require adaptation before they are able to efficiently replicate in mice. In the process of mouse adaptation, influenza viruses acquire mutations that enhance their ability to attach to mouse cells, replicate within the cells, and suppress immunity, among other functions. Many such mouse-adaptive mutations have been identified, covering all 8 genomic segments of the virus. Identification and analysis of these mutations have provided insight into the molecular determinants of influenza virulence and pathogenesis, not only in mice but also in humans and other species. In particular, several mouse-adaptive mutations of avian influenza viruses have proved to be general mammalian-adaptive changes that are potential markers of pre-pandemic viruses. As well as evaluating influenza pathogenesis, mice have also been used as models for evaluation of novel vaccines and anti-viral therapies. Mice can be a useful animal model for studying influenza biology as long as differences between human and mice infections are taken into account. C1 [Kamal, Ram P.; Katz, Jaqueline M.; York, Ian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kamal, Ram P.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kamal, RP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RKamal@cdc.gov; JKatz@cdc.gov; IYork@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 231 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-319-11155-1; 978-3-319-11154-4 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2014 VL 385 BP 243 EP 274 DI 10.1007/82_2014_388 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-11155-1 PG 32 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology GA BC0DZ UT WOS:000348980900012 PM 25038937 ER PT S AU Belser, JA Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Tumpey, Terrence M. BE Compans, RW Oldstone, MBA TI Mammalian Models for the Study of H7 Virus Pathogenesis and Transmission SO INFLUENZA PATHOGENESIS AND CONTROL - VOL I SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; AVIAN-INFLUENZA; RECEPTOR-BINDING; HUMAN INFECTION; EQUINE INFLUENZA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CLEAVAGE SITE; H5N1 VIRUSES; HUMAN CONJUNCTIVITIS; CONFERS PROTECTION AB Mammalian models, most notably the mouse and ferret, have been instrumental in the assessment of avian influenza virus pathogenicity and transmissibility, and have been used widely to characterize the molecular determinants that confer H5N1 virulence in mammals. However, while H7 influenza viruses have typically been associated with conjunctivitis and/or mild respiratory disease in humans, severe disease and death is also possible, as underscored by the recent emergence of H7N9 viruses in China. Despite the public health need to understand the pandemic potential of this virus subtype, H7 virus pathogenesis and transmission has not been as extensively studied. In this review, we discuss the heterogeneity of H7 subtype viruses isolated from humans, and the characterization of mammalian models to study the virulence of H7 subtype viruses associated with human infection, including viruses of both high and low pathogenicity and following multiple inoculation routes. The use of the ferret transmission model to assess the influence of receptor binding preference among contemporary H7 influenza viruses is described. These models have enabled the study of preventative and therapeutic agents, including vaccines and antivirals, to reduce disease burden, and have permitted a greater appreciation that not all highly pathogenic influenza viruses are created equal. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G-16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 152 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-319-11155-1; 978-3-319-11154-4 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2014 VL 385 BP 275 EP 305 DI 10.1007/82_2014_383 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-11155-1 PG 31 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology GA BC0DZ UT WOS:000348980900013 PM 24996862 ER PT S AU Donis, RO AF Donis, Ruben O. BE Compans, RW Oldstone, MBA TI Antigenic Analyses of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Viruses SO INFLUENZA PATHOGENESIS AND CONTROL - VOL I SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RECEPTOR-BINDING SITE; HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION ASSAY; INFORMAL CONSULTATION HELD; VACCINES PROTECT CHICKENS; 14-16 JUNE 2010; H5N1 CLADE 1; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HONG-KONG; CONSERVED EPITOPE AB In response to the ongoing threat to animal and human health posed by HPAI endemic in poultry, Asia (H5N1) and North America (H7N3) have revived efforts to reduce pandemic risk by disease control at the source and improved pandemic vaccines. Discovery of conserved neutralization epitopes in the HA, which mediate broad protection within and across HA subtypes have changed the paradigm of "broadly reactive'' or "universal'' vaccine design. Development of such vaccines would benefit from comparative antigenic analysis of viruses with increasing divergence within (and between) HA subtypes. A review of recent work to define the antigenic properties of HPAI viruses revealed data generated through an array of experimental approaches. This information has supported diagnostics and vaccine development for animal and human health. Further harmonization of analytical methods is needed to determine the antigenic relationships among multiple lineages of rapidly evolving HPAI viruses. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdonis@cdc.gov NR 205 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-319-11155-1; 978-3-319-11154-4 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2014 VL 385 BP 403 EP 440 DI 10.1007/82_2014_422 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-11155-1 PG 38 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Virology GA BC0DZ UT WOS:000348980900018 PM 25190014 ER PT B AU Thoen, CO LoBue, PA Enarson, DA AF Thoen, Charles O. LoBue, Philip A. Enarson, Donald A. BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Tuberculosis in animals and humans An introduction SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION C1 [Thoen, Charles O.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [LoBue, Philip A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Enarson, Donald A.] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. RP Thoen, CO (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 3 EP 7 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800002 ER PT B AU Enarson, DA Steele, JH LoBue, PA Kaplan, B Wilson, ST Kaneene, JB Thoen, CO AF Enarson, Donald A. Steele, James H. LoBue, Philip A. Kaplan, Bruce Wilson, Saul T. Kaneene, John B. Thoen, Charles O. BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Zoonotic Tuberculosis Mycobacterium bovis and Other Pathogenic Mycobacteria Third edition Preface SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Enarson, Donald A.] Sci Comm Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Enarson, Donald A.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. [Enarson, Donald A.] Univ Stellenbosch, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Steele, James H.] US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Steele, James H.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [LoBue, Philip A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaplan, Bruce] One Hlth Initiat, Sarasota, FL USA. [Wilson, Saul T.] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med Nursing & Allied Hlth, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Kaneene, John B.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Thoen, Charles O.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Enarson, DA (reprint author), Sci Comm Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP XV EP XVII D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800001 ER PT B AU Langer, AJ LoBue, PA AF Langer, Adam J. LoBue, Philip A. BE Thoen, CO Steele, JH Kaneene, JB TI Public health significance of zoonotic tuberculosis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex SO ZOONOTIC TUBERCULOSIS: MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS AND OTHER PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TO-HUMAN TRANSMISSION; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-KINGDOM; SAN-DIEGO; NEW-ZEALAND; INFECTION; DISEASE; HUMANS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANIMALS C1 [Langer, Adam J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outbreak Invest Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [LoBue, Philip A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Langer, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Outbreak Invest Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-47432-7; 978-1-118-47429-7 PY 2014 BP 21 EP 33 D2 10.1002/9781118474310 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA BB9MM UT WOS:000348493800004 ER PT J AU Scales, D Brownstein, JS Khan, K Cetron, MS AF Scales, David Brownstein, John S. Khan, Kamran Cetron, Martin S. BA Choffnes, E.R. Mack, A BF Choffnes, E.R. Mack, A GP Inst Med TI TOWARD A COUNTY-LEVEL MAP OF TUBERCULOSIS RATES IN THE US SO INFLUENCE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASE DYNAMICS: WORKSHOP SUMMARY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Scales, David; Brownstein, John S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Informat Program, Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02163 USA. [Khan, Kamran] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cetron, Martin S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scales, D (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Informat Program, Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02163 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-30499-3 PY 2014 BP 165 EP 170 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA BB8KF UT WOS:000346766300006 ER PT J AU Khan, K Bogoch, I Brownstein, JS Miniota, J Nicolucci, A Hu, W Nsoesie, EO Cetron, M Creatore, MI German, M Wilder-Smith, A AF Khan, Kamran Bogoch, Isaac Brownstein, John S. Miniota, Jennifer Nicolucci, Adrian Hu, Wei Nsoesie, Elaine O. Cetron, Martin Creatore, Maria Isabella German, Matthew Wilder-Smith, Annelies BA Choffnes, E.R. Mack, A BF Choffnes, E.R. Mack, A GP Inst Med TI ASSESSING THE ORIGIN OF AND POTENTIAL FOR INTERNATIONAL SPREAD OF CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS FROM THE CARIBBEAN SO INFLUENCE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASE DYNAMICS: WORKSHOP SUMMARY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; EPIDEMIC DENGUE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INDIAN-OCEAN; OUTBREAK; VECTOR; FEVER; MOSQUITOS; FLORIDA AB Background: For the first time, an outbreak of chikungunya has been reported in the Americas. Locally acquired infections have been confirmed in fourteen Caribbean countries and dependent territories, Guyana and French Guiana, in which a large number of North American travelers vacation. Should some travelers become infected with chikungunya virus, they could potentially introduce it into the United States, where there are competent Aedes mosquito vectors, with the possibility of local transmission. Methods: We analyzed historical data on airline travelers departing areas of the Caribbean and South America, where locally acquired cases of chikungunya have been confirmed as of May 12th, 2014. The final destinations of travelers departing these areas between May and July 2012 were determined and overlaid on maps of the reported distribution of Aedes aeygpti and albopictus mosquitoes in the United States, to identify potential areas at risk of autochthonous transmission. Results: The United States alone accounted for 52.1% of the final destinations of all international travelers departing chikungunya indigenous areas of the Caribbean between May and July 2012. Cities in the United States with the highest volume of air travelers were New York City, Miami and San Juan (Puerto Rico). Miami and San Juan were high travel-volume cities where Aedes aeygpti or albopictus are reported and where climatic conditions could be suitable for autochthonous transmission. Conclusion: The rapidly evolving outbreak of chikungunya in the Caribbean poses a growing risk to countries and areas linked by air travel, including the United States where competent Aedes mosquitoes exist. The risk of chikungunya importation into the United States may be elevated following key travel periods in the spring, when large numbers of North American travelers typically vacation in the Caribbean. C1 [Khan, Kamran; Bogoch, Isaac] Univ Toronto, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Bogoch, Isaac] Univ Hlth Network, Div Internal Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Bogoch, Isaac] Univ Hlth Network, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Brownstein, John S.; Nicolucci, Adrian; Hu, Wei; Creatore, Maria Isabella; German, Matthew] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Miniota, Jennifer] St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. [Nsoesie, Elaine O.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Childrens Hosp Informat Program, Boston, MA USA. [Nsoesie, Elaine O.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Nsoesie, Elaine O.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Network Dynam & Simulat Sci Lab, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Cetron, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cetron, Martin] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cetron, Martin] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cetron, Martin] Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilder-Smith, Annelies] Nanyang Technol Univ, Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Wilder-Smith, Annelies] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Khan, K (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-30499-3 PY 2014 BP 170 EP 181 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA BB8KF UT WOS:000346766300007 ER PT J AU Corbett, AH Kayira, D White, NR Davis, NL Kourtis, AP Chasela, C Martinson, F Phiri, G Musisi, B Kamwendo, D Hudgens, MG Hosseinipour, MC Nelson, JAE Ellington, SR Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, C Kashuba, A AF Corbett, Amanda H. Kayira, Dumbani White, Nicole R. Davis, Nicole L. Kourtis, Athena P. Chasela, Charles Martinson, Francis Phiri, Grace Musisi, Bonaface Kamwendo, Deborah Hudgens, Michael G. Hosseinipour, Mina C. Nelson, Julie A. E. Ellington, Sascha R. Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles Kashuba, Angela CA Ban Study Team TI Antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in mothers and breastfeeding infants from 6 to 24 weeks post-partum: results of the BAN Study SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DAR-ES-SALAAM; DRUG CONCENTRATIONS; HIV TRANSMISSION; DOSE NEVIRAPINE; PROPHYLAXIS; PREGNANCY; PREVENTION; ZIDOVUDINE AB Background: An intensive, prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic (PK) study in a subset of HIV-infected mothers and their uninfected infants enrolled in the Breastfeeding, Antiretroviral and Nutrition (BAN) Study was performed to describe drug exposure and antiviral response. Methods: Women using Combivir r (zidovudine [ZDV] + lamivudine [3TC]) + Aluvia (R) (lopinavir/ritonavir [LPV/ RTV]) were enrolled. Breast milk (BM), mother plasma (MP) and infant plasma (IP) samples were obtained over 6 h after observed dosing at 6, 12 or 24 weeks post-partum for drug concentrations and HIV RNA. Results: A total of 30 mother/infant pairs (10 each at 6, 12 and 24 weeks post-partum) were enrolled. Relative to MP, BM concentrations of ZDV and 3TC were 35% and 21% higher, respectively, whereas LPV and RTV were 80% lower. Only 3TC was detected in IP with concentrations 96% and 98% lower than MP and BM, respectively. Concentrations in all matrices were similar at 6-24 weeks. The majority (98.3%) of BM concentrations were >HIVwt IC50, with one having detectable virus. There was no association between PK parameters and MP or BM HIV RNA. Conclusions: ZDV and 3TC concentrated in BM whereas LPV and RTV did not, possibly due to protein binding and drug transporter affinity. Undetectable to low antiretroviral concentrations in IP suggest prevention of transmission while breastfeeding may be due to antiretroviral effects on systemic or BM HIV RNA in the mother. Low IP 3TC exposure may predispose an infected infant to HIV resistance, necessitating testing and treating infants early. C1 [Corbett, Amanda H.; White, Nicole R.; Kashuba, Angela] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kayira, Dumbani; Chasela, Charles; Martinson, Francis; Phiri, Grace; Musisi, Bonaface; Kamwendo, Deborah; Hosseinipour, Mina C.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Davis, Nicole L.; Hudgens, Michael G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kourtis, Athena P.; Ellington, Sascha R.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Nelson, Julie A. E.; van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Corbett, AH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM ahcorbet@email.unc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050410, P30AI050140, T32 AI070114] NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 6 BP 587 EP 595 DI 10.3851/IMP2739 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA CA0JE UT WOS:000348603300007 PM 24464632 ER PT J AU Rose, LJ Rice, EW AF Rose, L. J. Rice, E. W. TI Inactivation of bacterial biothreat agents in water, a review SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE biothreat agents; drinking water; Tier 1 agents; water disinfection; water treatment ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES; CHLORINE DIOXIDE INACTIVATION; BURKHOLDERIA-PSEUDOMALLEI; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; POTABLE-WATER; ENHANCED DECONTAMINATION; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; ANTHRACIS STERNE; SELECT AGENTS AB Water supplies and water distribution systems have been identified as potential targets for contamination by bacterial biothreat agents. Since the 2001 Bacillus anthracis bioterrorist attacks, additional efforts have been aimed at research to characterize biothreat organisms in regards to their susceptibility to disinfectants and technologies currently in use for potable water. Here, we present a review of research relevant to disinfection of bacteria with the potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety, and their potential surrogates. The efficacy of chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ultraviolet light to inactivate each organism in suspension is described. The complexities of disinfection under varying water conditions and when the organisms are associated with biofilms in distribution systems are discussed. C1 [Rose, L. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rice, E. W.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rose, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lrose@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 29 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2014 VL 12 IS 4 BP 618 EP 633 DI 10.2166/wh.2014.038 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA CA0FR UT WOS:000348592800002 PM 25473971 ER PT J AU Berendes, D Levy, K Knee, J Handzel, T Hill, V AF Berendes, D. Levy, K. Knee, J. Handzel, T. Hill, V. TI This letter is a response to: N. Preneta, S. Kramer, B. Magloire and J. M. Noel (2013) Thermophilic co-composting of human wastes in Haiti. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 3(4), 649-654. doi: 10.2166/washdev.2013.145. The authors reply to the letter is published as N. Preneta, S. Kramer, B. Magloire and J. M. Noel (2014) Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(4), 734. doi: 10.2166/washdev.2014.103. SO JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Letter C1 [Berendes, D.; Levy, K.] Emory Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Berendes, D.; Handzel, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Knee, J.; Hill, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Microbiol Lab, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Div Food Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Berendes, D (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 2043-9083 J9 J WATER SANIT HYG DE JI J. Wate Sanit. Hyg. Dev. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 4 BP 733 EP 733 DI 10.2166/washdev.2014.002 PG 1 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AZ6LD UT WOS:000348330400021 ER PT J AU Ezzo, J Richardson, MA Vickers, A Allen, C Dibble, S Issell, BF Lao, LX Pearl, M Ramirez, G Roscoe, JA Shen, J Shivnan, JC Streitberger, K Treish, I Zhang, G Manheimer, E AF Ezzo, Jeanette Richardson, Mary Ann Vickers, Andrew Allen, Claire Dibble, Suzanne Issell, Brian F. Lao, Lixing Pearl, Michael Ramirez, Gilbert Roscoe, Joseph A. Shen, Joannie Shivnan, Jane C. Streitberger, Konrad Treish, Imad Zhang, Grant Manheimer, Eric TI Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea or vomiting (Withdrawn Paper. 2014. CD002285) SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS LA English DT Correction C1 [Ezzo, Jeanette] James P Swyers Enterprises, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA. [Richardson, Mary Ann] NIH, Natl Ctr Complementary & Alternat Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Vickers, Andrew] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Integrat Med Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Allen, Claire] Cochrane Collaborat Evidence Aid, Chief Execut Officers Off, Oxford, England. [Dibble, Suzanne] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth & Aging, San Francisco, CA USA. [Issell, Brian F.] Univ Hawaii, Canc Res Ctr Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Lao, Lixing] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Chinese Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Pearl, Michael] Long Isl Gynecol Oncologists PC, Smithtown, NY USA. [Ramirez, Gilbert] W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Roscoe, Joseph A.] Univ Rochester, Ctr Canc, Behav Med Unit, Rochester, NY USA. [Shen, Joannie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shivnan, Jane C.] Inst Johns Hopkins Hosp, Baltimore, MD USA. [Streitberger, Konrad] Heidelberg Univ, Dept Anesthesiol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Treish, Imad] King Hussein Canc Ctr, Dept Pharm, Amman, Jordan. [Zhang, Grant] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Integrat Med, Ellicott City, MD USA. [Manheimer, Eric] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Integrat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Ezzo, J (reprint author), James P Swyers Enterprises, 1905 West Rogers Ave, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA. EM jeanetteezzo@gmail.com FU Danish Cancer Society, Denmark; ViFab, Denmark; National Cancer Institute / National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, USA [5 U24 CA66826-03] FX External sources; Danish Cancer Society, Denmark.; ViFab, Denmark.; National Cancer Institute / National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine 5 U24 CA66826-03, USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-493X EI 1361-6137 J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev. PY 2014 IS 11 AR CD002285 DI 10.1002/14651858.CD002285.pub3 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AY5YY UT WOS:000347646200007 PM 25412832 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Wang, LM Lin, W Bulterys, M Yang, WJ Sun, DY Cui, ZL Kaplan, J Kleinman, N Wei, XY Chung, J Wang, Z AF Zhu, Qian Wang, Liming Lin, Wen Bulterys, Marc Yang, Wenjie Sun, Dingyong Cui, Zhaolin Kaplan, Jonathan Kleinman, Nora Wei, Xiaoyu Chung, Jessica Wang, Zhe TI Improved Survival with Co-Trimoxazole Prophylaxis among People Living with HIV/AIDS Who Initiated Antiretroviral Treatment in Henan Province, China SO CURRENT HIV RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ART; Co-trimoxazole; HIV; mortality; prophylaxis; survival ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; RAPID SCALE-UP; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; COTE-DIVOIRE; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; PLASMA DONORS; THERAPY; MORTALITY; TRIAL AB Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of co-trimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis on mortality reduction among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Henan Province, China. Design: We conducted a retrospective study. Methods: All individuals aged 15 years and older who initiated ART between 2008 and 2010 in Henan Province with completed CTX prophylaxis treatment information were included. The effect of CTX prophylaxis was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard modeling for mortality at 3-months and 12-months after ART initiation. Results: Overall mortality among patients receiving both ART and CTX was nearly double at 3-months after ART initiation compared with that at 12-months (12.4 per 100 PY vs 6.3 per 100 PY, p<0.01). After adjusting for gender, age, TB history, year of ART initiation and CD4 count at ART initiation, CTX was associated with a significant reduction in 12-month mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44 - 0.95; p = 0.027) compared with persons not receiving CTX. The protective effect was more pronounced in the first 3 months after ART initiation (AHR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32 - 0.89; p = 0.017). Conclusion: CTX prophylaxis together with ART reduced mortality of adult HIV patients during the first 12 months of ART in Henan Province, China. The effect was highest in the first 3 months of ART. CTX should be prescribed to all HIV-infected adults who initiate ART. C1 [Zhu, Qian; Yang, Wenjie; Sun, Dingyong; Cui, Zhaolin] Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept AIDS Control & Prevent, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liming; Kleinman, Nora; Wei, Xiaoyu; Chung, Jessica] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, China Off, Global AIDS Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liming] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Ditan Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lin, Wen] Dept Publ Hlth, Cty Santa Clara, Epidemiol & Data Management Unit, San Jose, CA USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DHAPP, San Diego, CA USA. [Kaplan, Jonathan] Ctr Global Hlth, CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kleinman, Nora; Chung, Jessica] ASPPH, Washington, DC USA. [Wang, Zhe] Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 105 Nongye South Rd, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. EM zhe.1.wang@outlook.com FU Global AIDS Program China Office of U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U2GPS001188] FX There are no conflicts of interest. The Global AIDS Program China Office of U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided funding for the study, project number is 5U2GPS001188. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-162X EI 1873-4251 J9 CURR HIV RES JI Curr. HIV Res. PY 2014 VL 12 IS 5 BP 359 EP 365 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AY3FD UT WOS:000347469000006 PM 25426939 ER PT J AU Dall'Era, MC Snipes, K Cisternas, M Gordon, C Helmick, CG AF Dall'Era, Maria C. Snipes, Kurt Cisternas, Miriam Gordon, Caroline Helmick, Charles G. TI Preliminary population-based incidence and prevalence estimates of systemic lupus erythematosus: the California Lupus Surveillance Project SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on Lupus - New Targets, New Approaches CY SEP 18-20, 2014 CL Quebec, CANADA C1 [Dall'Era, Maria C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Snipes, Kurt] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Cisternas, Miriam] MGC Data Serv, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Gordon, Caroline] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 EI 1478-6362 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2014 VL 16 SU 1 MA A38 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AX9IK UT WOS:000347216600039 ER PT J AU McDougall, JA Helmick, CG Lim, SS Gordon, C Ferucci, ED AF McDougall, John A. Helmick, Charles G. Lim, S. Sam Gordon, Caroline Ferucci, Elizabeth D. TI Impact of provider specialty on the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus in the American Indian/Alaska Native population SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on Lupus - New Targets, New Approaches CY SEP 18-20, 2014 CL Quebec, CANADA C1 [McDougall, John A.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lim, S. Sam] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gordon, Caroline] Univ Birmingham, Edgbaston, W Midlands, England. [Ferucci, Elizabeth D.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Community Hlth Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. EM edferucci@anthc.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 EI 1478-6362 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2014 VL 16 SU 1 MA A12 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AX9IK UT WOS:000347216600013 ER PT J AU Chace, DH de Jesus, VR Spitzer, AR AF Chace, Donald H. de Jesus, Victor R. Spitzer, Alan R. TI Clinical chemistry and dried blood spots: increasing laboratory utilization by improved understanding of quantitative challenges SO BIOANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material DE biomarkers; clinical chemistry; dried blood spots; isotope dilution mass spectrometry; metabolism; newborn screening ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; SAMPLES; SPECIMENS; DEFICIENCY; DIAGNOSIS; MS/MS C1 [Chace, Donald H.; Spitzer, Alan R.] Pediatrix Ctr Res & Educ, Pediatrix Med Grp, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. [de Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chace, DH (reprint author), Pediatrix Ctr Res & Educ, Pediatrix Med Grp, 1301 Concord Terrace, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. EM donald_chace@pediatrix.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1757-6180 EI 1757-6199 J9 BIOANALYSIS JI Bioanalysis PY 2014 VL 6 IS 21 SI SI BP 2791 EP 2794 DI 10.4155/BIO.14.237 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AX1HZ UT WOS:000346699600001 PM 25486226 ER PT J AU Kodani, M Mixson-Hayden, T Drobeniuc, J Kamili, S AF Kodani, Maja Mixson-Hayden, Tonya Drobeniuc, Jan Kamili, Saleem TI Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Genomes of Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E Viruses SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 07-11, 2014 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Kodani, Maja; Mixson-Hayden, Tonya; Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PY 2014 VL 60 SU 1 SI SI MA 67 BP 230A EP 230A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AS8EW UT WOS:000344483801001 ER PT J AU Satterfield, D DeBruyn, L Francis, CD Allen, A AF Satterfield, Dawn DeBruyn, Lemyra Francis, Carolee Dodge Allen, Aiko TI A Stream Is Always Giving Life: Communities Reclaim Native Science and Traditional Ways to Prevent Diabetes and Promote Health SO AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE AND RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STYLE INTERVENTION; UNITED-STATES; PIMA-INDIANS; US ADULTS; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE; CHILDHOOD; DISEASE; WEIGHT; PEOPLE C1 [Satterfield, Dawn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Native Diabet Wellness Program, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeBruyn, Lemyra; Francis, Carolee Dodge] Univ Nevada Las Vegas, Sch Community Hlth Sci, Amer Indian Res & Educ Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Satterfield, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Native Diabet Wellness Program, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU U C L A, AMER INDIAN STUDIES CENTER PI LOS ANGELES PA 3220 CAMPBELL HALL, BOX 951548, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1548 USA SN 0161-6463 J9 AM INDIAN CULT RES J JI Am. Indian Cult. Res. J. PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 SI SI BP 157 EP 190 PG 34 WC History SC History GA AW2IN UT WOS:000346111500010 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Sayegh, BJ Harvey, AJ Nelson, RJ AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Sayegh, Bianca J. Harvey, Alesia J. Nelson, Robert J. TI Declining trends in the proportion of non-viral sexually transmissible infections reported by STD clinics in the US, 2000-10 SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE chlamydia; gonorrhoea; syphilis; trend analyses ID TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; SERVICES; DISEASES AB Background: Recent budget shortfalls may have resulted in decreases in the number of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) reported from sexually transmitted disease clinics (STDCs) in the United States (US). The objective of this study was to examine the proportion of cases reported from STDCs for three non-viral STIs in the last decade. Methods: Data from the national surveillance database on primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia cases for 2000-10 were extracted. The percentage of cases reported by STDCs for the nation and for each of the 48 contiguous states were then computed. Finally, the chi(2) trend test for proportions was used to determine the annual average decrease/increase in the percentage of cases reported by STDCs for the nation and for each state. Results: Results demonstrate that the average annual declines in the proportion of P&S syphilis, gonorrhoea, and chlamydia cases reported from STDCs were 1.43% (P < 0.01), 1.31% (P < 0.01), and 0.31% (P < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, most of the states with statistically significant trends (P < 0.05) in the proportion of cases reported by STDCs had negative slopes: 86% (25/29) for P& S syphilis, 89% (34/38) for gonorrhoea, and 63% (27/43) for chlamydia. Conclusion: These results document the declining role of STDCs in STI prevention and control efforts in the US. Further studies are needed to assess the direct or indirect impact of the decline in the proportion of cases from STDCs on the overall STI control and prevention efforts in the US and its implications for the future. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Sayegh, Bianca J.; Harvey, Alesia J.; Nelson, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd M-S E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 EI 1449-8987 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2014 VL 11 IS 4 BP 340 EP 344 DI 10.1071/SH14057 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AU9HF UT WOS:000345901800008 PM 25131645 ER PT B AU Rodriguez-Lainz, A Castaneda, X AF Rodriguez-Lainz, Alfonso Castaneda, Xochitl BE Schenker, MB Castaneda, X RodriguezLainz, A TI Studying Migrant Populations General Considerations and Approaches SO MIGRATION AND HEALTH: A RESEARCH METHODS HANDBOOK LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID FOREIGN-BORN; HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE; IMMIGRATION C1 [Rodriguez-Lainz, Alfonso] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Castaneda, Xochitl] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Inititat Amer, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Rodriguez-Lainz, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-27795-3; 978-0-520-95849-4; 978-0-520-27794-6 PY 2014 BP 12 EP 37 PG 26 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BB6DK UT WOS:000344691500003 ER PT B AU Semaan, S DiNenno, E AF Semaan, Salaam DiNenno, Elizabeth BE Schenker, MB Castaneda, X RodriguezLainz, A TI Time-Space Sampling of Migrant Populations SO MIGRATION AND HEALTH: A RESEARCH METHODS HANDBOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HIV BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE; RISK BEHAVIORS; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MEXICAN MIGRANTS; YOUNG-ADULTS; SEX WORKERS; MEN; PREVENTION C1 [Semaan, Salaam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Semaan, Salaam] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Semaan, Salaam] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Semaan, Salaam] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [DiNenno, Elizabeth] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DiNenno, Elizabeth] CDC, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Semaan, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-27795-3; 978-0-520-95849-4; 978-0-520-27794-6 PY 2014 BP 165 EP 191 PG 27 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BB6DK UT WOS:000344691500009 ER PT B AU Pezzi, C Kass, PH AF Pezzi, Clelia Kass, Philip H. BE Schenker, MB Castaneda, X RodriguezLainz, A TI Case-Control Studies SO MIGRATION AND HEALTH: A RESEARCH METHODS HANDBOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; FARM-WORKERS; SELECTION; CALIFORNIA; BIAS; MIGRATION; OUTBREAK; WOMEN C1 [Pezzi, Clelia] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kass, Philip H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Kass, Philip H.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA USA. [Kass, Philip H.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Medc, Davis, CA USA. RP Pezzi, C (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Migrant Hlth Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-27795-3; 978-0-520-95849-4; 978-0-520-27794-6 PY 2014 BP 218 EP 237 PG 20 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BB6DK UT WOS:000344691500012 ER PT B AU Flynn, MA Eggerth, DE AF Flynn, Michael A. Eggerth, Donald E. BE Schenker, MB Castaneda, X RodriguezLainz, A TI Occupational Health Research with Immigrant Workers SO MIGRATION AND HEALTH: A RESEARCH METHODS HANDBOOK LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INTERVIEW SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; INJURIES; SURVEILLANCE; ILLNESSES; LATINO; SPAIN C1 [Flynn, Michael A.] NIOSH, Training Res & Evaluat Branch, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Flynn, Michael A.] NIOSH, Prior Populat & Hlth Dispar Program, New York, NY USA. [Flynn, Michael A.; Eggerth, Donald E.] Michigan State Univ, Consortium Multicultural Psychol Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Eggerth, Donald E.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, CDC, New York, NY USA. RP Flynn, MA (reprint author), NIOSH, Training Res & Evaluat Branch, New York, NY 10013 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-27795-3; 978-0-520-95849-4; 978-0-520-27794-6 PY 2014 BP 377 EP 395 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BB6DK UT WOS:000344691500021 ER PT J AU McElroy, AK Spiropoulou, CF AF McElroy, Anita K. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Biomarkers for understanding Ebola virus disease SO BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE ebola; biomarkers; cytokines; EVD ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; INFECTED PATIENTS; RESPONSES; APOPTOSIS; CYTOKINE; IMMUNITY C1 [McElroy, Anita K.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McElroy, Anita K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NICHD NIH HHS [K12 HD072245] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1752-0363 EI 1752-0371 J9 BIOMARK MED JI Biomark. Med. PY 2014 VL 8 IS 9 BP 1053 EP 1056 DI 10.2217/BMM.14.75 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AT9NC UT WOS:000345252900002 PM 25402574 ER PT J AU Moorman, AC Xu, FJ Tong, X Gordon, SC Rupp, LB Lu, M Spradling, PR Teshale, EH Boscarino, JA Vijayadeva, V Schmidt, MA Holmberg, SD AF Moorman, Anne C. Xu, Fujie Tong, Xin Gordon, Stuart C. Rupp, Loralee B. Lu, Mei Spradling, Philip R. Teshale, Eyasu H. Boscarino, Joseph A. Vijayadeva, Vinutha Schmidt, Mark A. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Mortality and progression to decompensated cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with liver biopsy confirmed fibrosis in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS) SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 07-11, 2014 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Moorman, Anne C.; Xu, Fujie; Tong, Xin; Spradling, Philip R.; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gordon, Stuart C.; Rupp, Loralee B.; Lu, Mei] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. [Boscarino, Joseph A.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Danville, PA USA. [Vijayadeva, Vinutha] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Schmidt, Mark A.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PY 2014 VL 60 SU 1 SI SI MA 174 BP 285A EP 285A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AS8EW UT WOS:000344483801108 ER PT J AU Smith, BD Yartel, AK Brown, KA Krauskopf, K Massoud, OI Jordan, CE Kil, N Federman, AD Nerenz, DR Liffmann, D Rein, DB AF Smith, Bryce D. Yartel, Anthony K. Brown, Kimberly Ann Krauskopf, Katherine Massoud, Omar I. Jordan, Cynthia E. Kil, Natalie Federman, Alex D. Nerenz, David R. Liffmann, Danielle Rein, David B. TI Effectiveness of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Testing for Persons Born during 1945-1965-Summary Results from Three Randomized Controlled Trials SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 07-11, 2014 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yartel, Anthony K.] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brown, Kimberly Ann; Nerenz, David R.] Henry Ford Hosp, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Krauskopf, Katherine; Kil, Natalie; Federman, Alex D.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Massoud, Omar I.; Jordan, Cynthia E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Liffmann, Danielle; Rein, David B.] Univ Chicago, NORC, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PY 2014 VL 60 SU 1 SI SI MA 194 BP 295A EP 295A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AS8EW UT WOS:000344483801128 ER PT J AU Klevens, M Huang, XH Thakare, D Yeo, AE Odeh, M Ward, JW AF Klevens, Monina Huang, Xiaohua Thakare, Daulati Yeo, Anthony E. Odeh, Mouneer Ward, John W. TI Preliminary Assessment of Hepatitis C Antibody Testing in the United States Before and After Publication of CDC Screening Recommendations SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 07-11, 2014 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Klevens, Monina; Thakare, Daulati; Ward, John W.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Huang, Xiaohua; Yeo, Anthony E.; Odeh, Mouneer] Quest Diagnost, Madison, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PY 2014 VL 60 SU 1 SI SI MA 1456 BP 898A EP 898A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AS8EW UT WOS:000344483804019 ER EF