FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Scheirer, DS Macdonald, KC Forsyth, DW Miller, SP Wright, DJ Cormier, MH Weiland, CM AF Scheirer, DS Macdonald, KC Forsyth, DW Miller, SP Wright, DJ Cormier, MH Weiland, CM TI A map series of the Southern East Pacific Rise and its flanks, 15 degrees S to 19 degrees S SO MARINE GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES LA English DT Article DE East Pacific rise; map series; seamounts; melt ID SEAMARC-II; SEA BEAM; SEGMENTATION; CREST; MORPHOLOGY; RIDGES; SCALE; AXIS AB Four large-scale bathymetric maps of the Southern East Pacific Rise and its flanks between 15 degrees S and 19 degrees S display many of the unique features of this superfast spreading environment including abundant seamounts (the Rano Rahi Field), axial discontinuities, discontinuity migration,and abyssal hill variation. Along with a summary of the regional geology, these maps will provide a valuable reference for other sea-going programs on- and off-axis in this area, including the Mantle ELectromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) experiment. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT GEOL SCI,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. SEABEAM INSTRUMENTS INC,E WALPOLE,MA 02032. NOAA,PMEL,HATFIELD MARINE SCI CTR,NEWPORT,OR 97396. COLUMBIA UNIV,LAMONT DOHERTY GEOL OBSERV,PALISADES,NY 10964. RP Scheirer, DS (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,BOX 1846,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Macdonald, Ken/G-3936-2011 OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611; NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3235 J9 MAR GEOPHYS RES JI Mar. Geophys. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1007/BF00286201 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography GA UL855 UT WOS:A1996UL85500001 ER PT J AU Drews, AR WongNg, W Roth, RS Vanderah, TA AF Drews, AR WongNg, W Roth, RS Vanderah, TA TI Preparation and crystal structure of Sr5TiNb4O17 SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE ceramics; crystal growth; X-ray diffraction; crystal structure AB The compound Sr5TiNb4O17 was prepared and its crystal structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes with an orthorhombic unit cell (space group Pnnm (No. 58); a = 5.6614(4), b = 32.515(7), c = 3.9525(3)Angstrom; Z = 2). The structure consists of alternating perovskite-like slabs offset with respect to each other by a/2 and c/2. The Sr2+ ions occupy two 12-fold coordinated sites within the slabs and a distorted (7 + 1)-fold coordinated site in the gap separating the slabs. Nb5+ and Ti4+ are distributed among the octahedral sites of the sperovskite slabs with preferential ordering of Ti4+ on octahedral sites in the center of the slabs and Nb5+ in the octahedral sites at the edges of the slabs adjacent to the gap. This compound is the n = 5 member of a structural series A(n)B(n)O(3n+2), (A = Sr; B = Ti,Nb) where n is the number of perovskite layers within each slab. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Drews, AR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CONDENSED MAT & RADIAT SCI DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1016/0025-5408(95)00177-8 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TX230 UT WOS:A1996TX23000004 ER PT J AU Pepe, CM Eklund, MW Strom, MS AF Pepe, CM Eklund, MW Strom, MS TI Cloning of an Aeromonas hydrophila type IV pilus biogenesis gene cluster: Complementation of pilus assembly functions and characterization of a type IV leader peptidase N-methyltransferase required for extracellular protein secretion SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; POSSIBLE COLONIZATION FACTOR; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA PILI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; OUTER-MEMBRANE; PULLULANASE SECRETION; PREPILIN PEPTIDASE; KLEBSIELLA-OXYTOCA; WOUND-INFECTION AB Aeromonas hydrophila secretes several extracellular proteins that are associated with virulence including an enterotoxin, a protease, and the hole-forming toxin, aerolysin. These degradative enzymes and toxins are exported by a conserved pathway found in many Gram-negative bacteria. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa this export pathway and type IV pilus biogenesis are dependent on the product of the pilD gene. PilD is a bifunctional enzyme that processes components of the extracellular secretory pathway as well as a type IV prepilin. An A. hydrophila genomic library was transferred into a P. aeruginosa pilD mutant that is defective for type IV pilus biogenesis. The A. hydrophila pilD homologue, tapD, was identified by its ability to complement the pilD mutation in P. aeruginosa. Transconjugants containing tapD were sensitive to the type IV pilus-specific phage, PO4. Sequence data revealed that tapD is part of a cluster of genes (tapABCD) that are homologous to P. aeruginosa type IV pilus biogenesis genes (pilABCD). We showed that Tape and TapC are functionally homologous to P. aeruginosa PilB and PilC, the first such functional complementation of pilus assembly demonstrated between bacteria that express type IV pili. In vitro studies revealed that Tape has both endopeptidase and N-methyltransferase activities using P. aeruginosa prepilin as substrate. Furthermore, we show that tapD is required for extracellular secretion of aerolysin and protease, indicating that tapD may play an important role in the virulence of A. hydrophila. C1 US DEPT COMMERCE,NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NW FISHERIES SCI CTR,UTILIZAT RES DIV,SEATTLE,WA 98112. NR 80 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 19 IS 4 BP 857 EP 869 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.431958.x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA TX131 UT WOS:A1996TX13100019 PM 8820654 ER PT J AU Spencer, PL Carr, FH Doswell, CA AF Spencer, PL Carr, FH Doswell, CA TI Diagnosis of an amplifying and decaying baroclinic wave using wind profiler data SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CYCLONE EVENT; FIELDS; DIVERGENCE; RAWINSONDE; TEMPERATURE; WEATHER; HEIGHT; VHF AB Kinematic and thermodynamic quantities derived from wind profiler triangles are used to help describe the structure of both an amplifying and decaying baroclinic wave as they traversed portions of the wind profiler demonstration network. The data provide excellent diagnoses of the cyclogenetic processes associated with the amplifying system and the cyclolytic processes associated with the decaying system. The importance of a baroclinic wave's vertical tilt and the associated profiler-derived advective patterns of the systems as they relate to surface evolution are shown to be consistent with conceptual models of baroclinic waves. These structural aspects of the observed baroclinic waves are also shown to vary substantially on short timescales. In addition, a subsynoptic-scale feature associated with a severe convective event that developed ahead of the decaying wave trough axis was observed quite well by the profiler network. This feature's detection was dependent on the high temporal resolution of the profiler data and was not detectable with data provided by the rawinsonde network. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH METEOROL,NORMAN,OK 73019. RP Spencer, PL (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. RI Doswell III, Charles/E-7662-2010 NR 36 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<0209:DOAAAD>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UB902 UT WOS:A1996UB90200001 ER PT J AU Cai, M Whitaker, JS Dole, RM Paine, KL AF Cai, M Whitaker, JS Dole, RM Paine, KL TI Dynamics of systematic errors in the NMC Medium Range Forecast model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-METEOROLOGICAL-CENTER; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; ROTATIONAL FLOW; CHI-PROBLEM; ATMOSPHERE; REDUCTION; DIAGNOSIS AB A simple error vorticity model is used to study processes contributing to the evolution of the 300-hPa systematic nondivergent Row errors in the National Meteorological Center Medium Range Forecast model (MRF) during the 1992-93 winter season. The error model is forced by two source terms representing, respectively, systematic errors in the irrotational Row and transient eddy vorticity fluxes. The results indicate that the model simulates reasonably well the development of many of the large-scale features of the zonally asymmetric part of the MRF systematic nondivergent Row errors, but it fails to simulate the zonally symmetric portion unless an extra forcing term representing systematic errors in the irrotational flow analyses is included. Two independent methods are employed to estimate the systematic errors in the irrotational Bow analyses. The two estimates are highly correlated, and both indicate that the analyzed irrotational Row in the Tropics is too weak. The magnitude of the estimated analysis errors is of the same order as the difference between the divergence in the 10-day forecasts and the analysis. Globally, systematic errors in the irrotational flow dominate the evolution of nondivergent Bow errors during the first few days of the model integration. Beyond 5-6 days, the extratropical error evolution is determined mainly by the integrated effects of systematic errors in the transient eddy vorticity fluxes. In the extratropics, transients eddy vorticity flux errors appear to be the major factor in producing systematic errors in the zonal mean nondivergent flow. In the Tropics, the rapid development of the zonal mean easterly wind bias is directly related to systematic irrotational Row errors. The authors postulate that early in the forecasts systematic errors in the irrotational Bow associated with deficiencies in parameterized tropical convection force extratropical stationary wave errors, which in turn lead to systematic changes in the midlatitude storm tracks. The transient eddy flux errors associated with the altered storm tracks then feedback positively on the initial stationary wave errors and, after several days, become the dominant source of systematic rotational flow errors. C1 UNIV COLORADO,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. NOAA,ERL,CDC,BOULDER,CO. RP Cai, M (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CICS,DEPT METEOROL,2213 COMP & SPACE SCI BLDG,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<0265:DOSEIT>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UB902 UT WOS:A1996UB90200004 ER PT J AU Qin, J vandenDool, HM AF Qin, J vandenDool, HM TI Simple extensions of an NWP model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; PREDICTABILITY; FLOW AB This paper presents a study on simple and inexpensive techniques for extension of NMC's Medium Range Forecasting (MRF) model. Three control forecasts are tested to make I-day extensions of 500-mb height fields initiated from the MRF at days 0-9. They are persistence( PER), a divergent anomaly vorticity advection model (dAVA), and the empirical wave propagation (EWP) method. First the traditional 1-10-day global forecasts made by the MRF and the three controls from a common set of 361 initial conditions are discussed. Taking this as a basis, I-day extension control forecasts starting from MRF prediction over four successive winters are examined next. Experiments show that regardless of the presence or absence of the systematic error in the MRF model output, there exists some point (T-0 = n) into the forecast after which the I-day extension of the day n MRF out to day n + 1 by a control forecast is as good as or better than the continued integration of the full blown MRF model. In particular, the EWP provides a 1-day extension that beats the MRF most consistently after about 6 days in the Northern Hemisphere. Decomposition of the forecasts in terms of zonal harmonics further indicates that the skill improvement over the MRF is primarily in the long waves, but contributions from shorter waves are not negligible. Efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms by which simple methods are superior to complicated models for low-frequency prediction at extended range. It seems that at least two simplifications made in one or all of the control forecasts are crucial in outperforming the MRF beyond day 6. The first one is well known, that is, the contaminating effects of synoptic-scale baroclinic eddies have been filtered out in the simple models considered. More generally, the nonlinear terms (whether barotropic or baroclinic) contribute to skill deterioration beyond day 6. The second reason is the explicit elimination of the divergence process in the control forecasts, as the MRF model may contain significant errors in forecasting the divergence. C1 CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 124 IS 2 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<0277:SEOANM>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UB902 UT WOS:A1996UB90200005 ER PT J AU Georges, TM Harlan, JA Lematta, RA AF Georges, TM Harlan, JA Lematta, RA TI Large-scale mapping of ocean surface currents with dual over-the-horizon radars SO NATURE LA English DT Article AB DETAILED information about near-surface ocean currents is needed for effective fisheries management, pollution mitigation, search and rescue, and climate studies, but the present generation of measurement techniques provides only limited spatial and temporal resolution or coverage(1,2). In near-coastal environments, pairs of shore-based high-frequency radars have been used to map surface currents over an area of a few hundred square kilometres(3,4). The potential for mapping open-ocean current fields has been demonstrated using military high-frequency radars that can be used to 'see' over the horizon for thousands of kilometres by reflecting signals off the ionosphere. But using one radar, only one current component can be mapped by this method(5). Here we report the mapping of surface-current vectors obtained from simultaneously employing two such radar systems with overlapping coverage. We obtain a current map in the Florida Straits, about 1,500 km from the radars, covering two 70,000 km(2) areas at a resolution of 10 km and 0.1 m s(-1). As it employs only about 2% of the radars' potential coverage, the test shows the potential of this technique for mapping the more energetic features of ocean circulation-such as boundary currents and mesoscale eddy systems-over vast ocean areas. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80303. USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. RP Georges, TM (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 7 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 2 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 379 IS 6564 BP 434 EP 436 DI 10.1038/379434a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TT304 UT WOS:A1996TT30400054 ER PT J AU Makepeace, JL Day, FE Gunther, E Unterweger, MP AF Makepeace, JL Day, FE Gunther, E Unterweger, MP TI Intercomparison of measurement of tritiated water by internal proportional gas counting SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol AB An international intercomparison of measurements of tritiated water by means of internal proportional gas counting has been carried out under the auspices of EUROMET, a European collaboration in measurement standards. The measurements were made at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig (Germany), the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg (USA) and the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Teddington (UK). The current work follows an intercomparison reported at ICRM'93 [J.L. Makepeace et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 339 (1994) 343], between NPL, PTB, NIST and the Laboratoire Primaire de Metrologie des Rayonnements Ionisants (LPRI), Saclay (France), of measurements of tritium gas contained in a cylinder, in which agreement within the stated uncertainties had been achieved. Samples of the same tritiated water were distributed to the participating laboratories for measurement. The methods used to reduce the water to tritium gas and its subsequent measurement by internal proportional gas counting are described, together with the results obtained and the experimental uncertainties associated with the measurements. C1 PTB,BRAUNSCHWEIG,GERMANY. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Makepeace, JL (reprint author), NPL,TEDDINGTON,MIDDX,ENGLAND. NR 2 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 458 EP 462 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80030-1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500029 ER PT J AU Schima, FJ Colle, R AF Schima, FJ Colle, R TI Alpha-particle and electron capture decay of (209) Po SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol AB Gamma-ray and K alpha X-ray emissions have been measured from a very pure Po-209 source containing less than 0.13% Po-208 activity and no detectable Po-210 (less than or equal to 2 X 10(-4)%). The alpha-particle emission rate for this source has previously been determined. Data are presented that confirm alpha decay to the Pb-205 excited level at 262.8 keV, with an alpha-particle emission probability (+/-standard uncertainty) of 0.00559+/-0.00008. The ratio of K-shell electron capture to total electron capture for the second forbidden unique electron capture decay to the 896.6 keV level in Bi-209 was determined to be 0.594+/-0.018. The electron capture decay fraction was found to be 0.00454+/-0.00007, while the probabilities per decay for the 896.6, 262.8, and 260.5 keV gamma rays and the Bi K alpha and Pb K alpha X-rays were measured as 0.00445+/-0.00007, 0.00085+/-0.00002, 0.00254+/-0.00003, 0.00202+/-0.00005, and 0.00136+/-0.00005, respectively. RP Schima, FJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,PHYS LAB,IONIZING RADIAT DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 498 EP 502 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80038-6 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500037 ER PT J AU Berger, MJ Unterweger, MP Hutchinson, JMR AF Berger, MJ Unterweger, MP Hutchinson, JMR TI The influence of backing and covering materials on the 2 pi-counting efficiencies of beta-particle sources SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Committee-for-Radionuclide-Metrology Symposium on Radionuclide Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 95) CY MAY 15-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Comm Radionuclide Metrol AB This paper describes Monte Carlo calculations and measurements of 2 pi-counting efficiencies of various types of beta-particle sources, including the following: (1) sources at the surface of electroplated foils: (2) sources incorporated into surface layers (with a thickness of a few mu m) of anodized backing foils; (3) sources sandwiched between a backing foil and a covering mylar layer. The Monte Carlo results also include energy spectra and angular distributions of the emerging beta particles. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 2-3 BP 684 EP 688 DI 10.1016/S0168-9002(96)80076-3 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TX485 UT WOS:A1996TX48500075 ER PT J AU Dizdaroglu, M Karakaya, A Jaruga, P Slupphaug, G Krokan, HE AF Dizdaroglu, M Karakaya, A Jaruga, P Slupphaug, G Krokan, HE TI Novel activities of human uracil DNA N-glycosylase for cytosine-derived products of oxidative DNA damage SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RADIATION; EXCISION; REPAIR; LESIONS; CELLS AB Uracil DNA N-glycosylase is a repair enzyme that releases uracil from DNA, A major function of this enzyme is presumably to protect the genome from pre-mutagenic uracil resulting from deamination of cytosine in DNA, Here, we report that human uracil DNA N-glycosylase also recognizes three uracil derivatives that are generated as major products of cytosine in DNA by hydroxyl radical attack or other oxidative processes, DNA substrates were prepared by gamma-irradiation of DNA in aerated aqueous solution and incubated with human uracil DNA N-glycosylase, heat-inactivated enzyme or buffer. Ethanol-precipitated DNA and supernatant fractions were then separated, Supernatant fractions after derivatization, and pellets after hydrolysis and derivatization were analyzed by gas chromatography/isotope-dilution mass spectrometry, The results demonstrated that human uracil DNA N-glycosylase excised isodialuric acid, 5-hydroxyuracil and alloxan from DNA with apparent K-m values of similar to 530, 450 and 660 nM, respectively, The excision of these uracil analogues is consistent with the recently described mechanism for recognition of uracil by human uracil DNA N-glycosylase [Mol,C.D., Arval,A,S., Slupphaug,G., Kavil,B., Alseth,l., Krokan,H.E. and Tainer,J.A. (1995) Cell, 80, 869-878], Nine other pyrimidine and purine-derived products that were identified in DNA samples were not substrates for the enzyme, The results indicate that human uracil DNA N-glycosylase may have a function in the repair of oxidative DNA damage. C1 ANKARA UNIV,FAC PHARM,ANKARA,TURKEY. MED ACAD,DEPT CLIN BIOCHEM,PL-85094 BYDGOSZCZ,POLAND. UNIV TRONDHEIM,UNIGEN CTR MOLEC BIOL,N-7005 TRONDHEIM,NORWAY. RP Dizdaroglu, M (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Jaruga, Pawel/M-4378-2015 NR 27 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 418 EP 422 DI 10.1093/nar/24.3.418 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TV169 UT WOS:A1996TV16900004 PM 8602352 ER PT J AU Broccoli, AJ Marciniak, EP AF Broccoli, AJ Marciniak, EP TI Comparing simulated glacial climate and paleodata: A reexamination SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ICE-AGE; FEEDBACK; MAXIMUM; OCEAN AB Glacial sea surface temperatures (SSTs) simulated by an atmosphere-mixed layer ocean model are compared with those reconstructed by the Climate: Long-Range Investigation, Mapping, and Prediction (CLIMAP) Project using planktonic microfossils. Two methods of comparison are employed. The first is global and uses the subjectively analyzed (i.e., hand contoured, then digitized) data set published by CLIMAP. The second is restricted to only those discrete locations where the CLIMAP sediment cores were taken. Both methods indicate that many aspects of the reconstructed glacial SST changes are simulated reasonably well by the model, although there are areas of disagreement. The extent of the disagreement appears smaller when the SSTs are sampled at discrete locations, because the largest discrepancies occur in the subtropical Pacific where data are sparse. When examined separately for each ocean, the magnitude of the disagreement in low latitudes roughly corresponds to the magnitude of the uncertainties in SST estimation using planktonic microfossils, being largest in the Pacific and smallest in the Atlantic. Because the largest discrepancies occur where uncertainties in estimation are large, no clear determination of whether the climate model exaggerates or underestimates low-latitude climate sensitivity appears possible. Nonetheless, sampling at discrete locations may be the best procedure for evaluating climate model performance, because errors associated with extending analyses to data-void areas can be avoided and uncertainties associated with inadequate spatial sampling made more evident. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. RP Broccoli, AJ (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. RI Broccoli, Anthony/D-9186-2014 OI Broccoli, Anthony/0000-0003-2619-1434 NR 25 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0883-8305 J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY JI Paleoceanography PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1029/95PA03311 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology GA TR552 UT WOS:A1996TR55200002 ER PT J AU Vogt, AW Cirac, JI Zoller, P AF Vogt, AW Cirac, JI Zoller, P TI Collective laser cooling of two trapped ions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID N-ATOM SYSTEM; SEMICLASSICAL THEORY; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; RADIATION; HYDROGEN AB Collective laser cooling of two ions moving in a trapping potential is studied theoretically in the limit when the distance between the ions is smaller or comparable to the wavelength of the exciting laser light. A set of rate equations for the population of the trap levels is derived in the Lamb-Dicke limit, and for low laser intensities describing the effects of dipole-dipole interaction and super- and subradiance on the cooling dynamics. C1 UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. UNIV INNSBRUCK, INST THEORET PHYS, A-6020 INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA. UNIV CASTILLA LA MANCHA, DEPT FIS, E-13071 CIUDAD REAL, SPAIN. RI Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014 OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505 NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 950 EP 968 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.950 PG 19 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800041 ER PT J AU Guo, J Cooper, J Gallagher, A AF Guo, J Cooper, J Gallagher, A TI Selective reflection from a dense atomic vapor SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SODIUM VAPOR; SURFACE; RESONANCE AB A theory of selective reflection (SR) of a light beam from the interface of a dielectric medium and a dense atomic vapor is presented. Following another earlier work on this subject [J. Guo et al., Opt. Commun. 110, 732 (1994)], we calculate the atomic density matrix and the transmitted field in the vapor self-consistently. We extend our previous theory to include an attractive atom-dielectric wall interaction and multiple atomic transitions. We examine the limits at which the conventional SR theories, which are based on the assumption of a plane-wave field in the vapor, start to fail. It is shown that at or above vapor densities of order 10(17)/cm(3), the frequency shifts of the SR line shape due to the local-field correction (Lorentz-Lorenz shift), the atom-wall interaction, and the nonexponential attenuation of the field in the vapor ran have comparable orders of magnitude, and the proper determination of all these effects is essential for calculating the correct SR signals. A comparison of the theoretical SR spectra with an experimental result for a Rb vapor with a density of order 10(17)/cm(3) is also presented. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, QUANTUM PHYS DIV, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1130 EP 1138 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.1130 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800062 ER PT J AU Renn, MJ Donley, EA Cornell, EA Wieman, CE Anderson, DZ AF Renn, MJ Donley, EA Cornell, EA Wieman, CE Anderson, DZ TI Evanescent-wave guiding of atoms in hollow optical fibers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LASER AB We use evanescent laser light to guide atoms through hollow-core optical fibers. The light, detuned to the blue side of rubidium's D-2 resonance lines, is launched into the glass region of a hollow capillary fiber and guided through the fiber by total internal reflection from the glass walls. Atoms interacting with the evanescent component of the field are repelled from the wall and guided through the fiber hollow. A second laser tuned to the red side of resonance is used to initially inject the atoms into the evanescent guide. An optical intensity threshold for guiding is observed as the evanescent-field-induced dipole forces exceed the van der Waals forces. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,QUANTUM PHYS DIV,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Renn, MJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Donley, Elizabeth/A-4525-2010 NR 9 TC 120 Z9 124 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP R648 EP R651 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.R648 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TV648 UT WOS:A1996TV64800005 ER PT J AU Butler, BD Hanley, HJM Hansen, D Evans, DJ AF Butler, BD Hanley, HJM Hansen, D Evans, DJ TI Aggregation of a quenched Lennard-Jones system under shear SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEWTONIAN MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; PHASE-SEPARATION; SIMULATION; FLUIDS; THERMODYNAMICS; SCATTERING; EVOLUTION; MIXTURES; CLUSTERS AB The thermodynamic decomposition of an unstable thermostatted system of Lennard-Jones disks is investigated by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. The system, first unsheared and then subjected to planar Couette flow, is studied after temperature quenches into the unstable vapor-liquid and the vapor-solid coexistence regions of the phase diagram. An interconnected morphology, characteristic of spinodal decomposition, forms after quenching. The cluster growth is found tp be temporally self-similar, and the structure factor S(q,t) obeys the dynamic scaling relation S(q,t)similar to q(m) (-df)(t)(S) over tilde[q/q(m)(t)]. Here, q is the scattered wave vector magnitude, q(m)(t) is the location of the low angle peak in S(q,t), (S) over tilde(x) is a time-independent structure function which has a maximum at x- 1, and d(f) is a fractal dimension. d(f) is relatively insensitive to the postquench state point, but may depend on the shear rate. The primary influence of shear is to accelerate the aggregation-an effect that has also been observed experimentally in dense gelling silica suspensions. The similarities between these simulations and experiment suggest that a characteristic fractal dimension of a dense gel may be determined from measurements of S(q,t). C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH CHEM,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. RP Butler, BD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Hansen, David/B-7533-2011 NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2450 EP 2459 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2450 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300051 ER PT J AU Dender, DC Davidovic, D Reich, DH Broholm, C Lefmann, K Aeppli, G AF Dender, DC Davidovic, D Reich, DH Broholm, C Lefmann, K Aeppli, G TI Magnetic properties of a quasi-one-dimensional S=1/2 antiferromagnet: Copper benzoate SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID S = 1/2; HEISENBERG ANTI-FERROMAGNET; QUANTUM SPIN CHAINS; MONTE-CARLO; DYNAMICS; FIELD; EXPONENTS; SPECTRUM; KCUF3; WAVE AB We use magnetic susceptibility and inelastic neutron scattering measurements to show that copper benzoate, Cu(C6D5COO)(2) . 3D(2)O, is a quasi-one-dimensional S=1/2 antiferromagnet with an exchange constant J=1.57 meV Below T=0.8 K a ferromagnetic contribution to the susceptibility marks the onset of canted three-dimensional (3D) antiferromagnetic order. An external magnetic field suppresses this effect, and the susceptibility measured in high held shows only the response of a S=1/2 chain. The dynamic correlation function S((q) over tilde,omega) measured by neutron scattering shows only 1D spin correlations for (h) over bar omega greater than or equal to 0.4 meV at T=1.8 K. There is clear evidence of a continuum of magnetic excitations, consistent with the current theoretical picture of the excitation spectrum of the S=1/2 chain at T=0 K. C1 RISO NATL LAB, DEPT SOLID STATE PHYS, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; Lefmann, Kim/M-9228-2014 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Lefmann, Kim/0000-0003-4282-756X NR 36 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2583 EP 2589 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2583 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TV393 UT WOS:A1996TV39300068 ER PT J AU Jelenkovic, BM Phelps, AV AF Jelenkovic, BM Phelps, AV TI Cathode-fall development in low-pressure, parallel-plane hydrogen discharges SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CURRENT ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES; GLOW-DISCHARGE; CROSS-SECTIONS; TRANSITORY DISCHARGE; ION-BOMBARDMENT; GAS-DISCHARGE; DC DISCHARGES; HIGH E/ETA/; EXCITATION; REGION AB The temporal and spatial development of the cathode fall in pulsed, low-pressure hydrogen discharges is investigated using correlated measurements of the current, voltage, and optical emission. The results include the variation of relative emission probabilities versus time and position for the H(n = 3) and H-2(alpha(3) Sigma) states. The behavior of the higher-energy electrons is inferred from the first negative band emission of N-2(+) in mixtures of 2-3% N-2 in H-2. Measurements are reported for final, i.e., quasi-steady-state, discharge currents of 10-100 mA for pressure times electrode spacing (pd) values of 1 and 3 Torr cm, where 1 Torr = 133 Pa. The breakdown electric field E to gas density values vary from 1 kTd to 400 Td, where 1 Td = 1x10(-21) V m(2). The H-alpha and the near-uv continuum emission data show the importance of heavy-particle excitation in the cathode-fall region. Representative transient current and voltage wave forms during the development of the cathode sheath are analyzed in terms of discharge and circuit parameters. During the period of rapid current growth at 3 Torr cm, transient emission wave forms for the uv continuum near the anode show a sudden drop that results from the collapse of the electric field. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV TIME & FREQUENCY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. INST PHYS, YU-11001 BELGRADE, YUGOSLAVIA. RP UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 92 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 1852 EP 1863 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.53.1852 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TW979 UT WOS:A1996TW97900069 ER PT J AU Lebon, L Oger, L Leblond, J Hulin, JP Martys, NS Schwartz, LM AF Lebon, L Oger, L Leblond, J Hulin, JP Martys, NS Schwartz, LM TI Pulsed gradient NMR measurements and numerical simulation of flow velocity distribution in sphere packings SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID POROUS-MEDIA; DIFFUSION AB The displacement of water molecules associated with the flow of water inside a nonconsolidated packing of 800 mu m OD glass spheres has been measured by a pulsed gradient NMR technique. Using a stimulated spin-echo sequence, mean displacements of up to 300 mu m corresponding to measurement times of up to 200 ms can be analyzed. The measurement can be quantitatively calibrated using the pure molecular self-diffusion of water at zero flow conditions. For molecular displacements much smaller than the pore size, the distribution of the flow velocity component along the mean how direction is determined at Reynolds numbers high enough so that longitudinal molecular diffusion is negligible. An exponential decay of the probability distribution of the displacements is observed at large distances. The results are very similar to those obtained by numerical solution of the Stokes equation in random sphere packings. At longer displacement distances, a secondary peak of the displacement distribution is observed: It is interpreted as the first step toward the transition toward classical dispersion at displacements much larger than the pore size. The influence of molecular diffusion and of the heterogeneities of the magnetic permeability also are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 NIST,BLDG MAT DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES CTR,RIDGEFIELD,CT 06877. RP Lebon, L (reprint author), ECOLE SUPER PHYS & CHIM IND VILLE PARIS,LAB PMMH,URA CNRS 857,10 RUE VAUQUELIN,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RI OGER, Luc/N-7106-2014 OI OGER, Luc/0000-0001-5850-5552 NR 23 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD FEB PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1063/1.868839 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA TR759 UT WOS:A1996TR75900001 ER PT J AU Parnas, RS AF Parnas, RS TI Workshop on manufacturing polymer composites by liquid molding at National Institute of Standards and Technology - September 20-22, 1993 - Foreword SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Editorial Material RP Parnas, RS (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMERS,BLDG 224,B-108,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06804-0403 SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1002/pc.10584 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA TW673 UT WOS:A1996TW67300001 ER PT J AU Parnas, RS Schultheisz, CR Ranganathan, S AF Parnas, RS Schultheisz, CR Ranganathan, S TI Hydrodynamically induced preform deformation SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Manufacturing Polymer Composites by Liquid Molding CY SEP 20-22, 1993 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP Ford Motor Co, Gen Elect Corp Res & Dev, NIST HO NIST ID FIBER MAT DEFORMATION; POROUS-MEDIA; RESIN AB Large pressure gradients developed in high-speed liquid composite molding may produce hydrodynamically induced preform deformation. Such deformation away from the mold wall is expected to open new flow channels, creating edge effects and rendering mold filling calculations based on Darcy's law inaccurate. A simple model is proposed to assess the conditions where preform deformation is expected to play a dominant role during mold filling. The model includes preform material properties such as stiffness, permeability, and clamping pressure, as well as the process injection pressure and the mold geometry. The utility of the model is illustrated for two reinforcement materials, a random mat and a 3-dimensional woven fabric. RP Parnas, RS (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06804-0403 SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 4 EP 10 DI 10.1002/pc.10585 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA TW673 UT WOS:A1996TW67300002 ER PT J AU Huffaker, RM Hardesty, RM AF Huffaker, RM Hardesty, RM TI Remote sensing of atmospheric wind velocities using solid-state and CO2 coherent laser systems SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID BACKSCATTER HETERODYNE LIDAR; SPECTRAL PEAK ESTIMATION; DOPPLER LIDAR; ACCUMULATION; RADAR AB Coherent lidar/laser radar systems have been used for the remote measurement of atmospheric wind velocity since 1966. Both CW ana pulsed coherent lidars have been developed and applied to a variety of ground-based and airborne applications. In recent years, most efforts have concentrated on pulsed CO2 and solid-state Doppler lidars for the remote measurement of atmospheric wind velocities. Issues associated with the design and application of coherent lidars to atmospheric wind measurement are discussed. Coherent lidar/laser radar systems have been applied to detection and tracking of aircraft wake vortices, measurement of atmospheric wind fields during the space shuttle takeoff and landing, airborne windshear detection, ground-based airport microburst windshear monitoring, meteorological research, and environmental monitoring. Numerous examples of measurement results are presented. An assessment of the status of coherent lidar technology as practical devices for operational and research uses is addressed. C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LABS,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP Huffaker, RM (reprint author), COHERENT TECHNOL INC,LAFAYETTE,CO 80026, USA. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 61 TC 103 Z9 114 U1 3 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD FEB PY 1996 VL 84 IS 2 BP 181 EP 204 DI 10.1109/5.482228 PG 24 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA TU736 UT WOS:A1996TU73600005 ER PT J AU Busch, WS AF Busch, WS TI Marine science & technology for sustainable development SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Busch, WS (reprint author), NOAA,OFF GLOBAL PROGRAMS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 37 IS 2 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA TW814 UT WOS:A1996TW81400015 ER PT J AU Wang, PS Wittberg, TN AF Wang, PS Wittberg, TN TI The nitridation of a silicon powder studied by XPS and x-ray-induced AES SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Surface Analysis 95 Symposium CY JUN 07-09, 1995 CL STATE COLL, PA SP Amer Vacuum Soc, Appl Surface Sci Div, Penn State Univ, Coll Earth & Mineral Sci ID SURFACE OXIDATION-KINETICS AB XPS and x-ray-induced AE'S have been used to study the reaction layers formed on silicon powder samples heated in ultra-high purity nitrogen at temperatures between 1100 and 1200 degrees C. An equation was derived to calculate the average surface reaction layer thicknesses from the silicon AES spectra. The results indicate that samples where the reaction layer is relatively thin may have some silicon oxynitride within this layer. For samples will calculated reaction layer thicknesses > 1.5 nm, the N 1s peak binding energy and Si KLL peak kinetic energy are characteristic of bulk Si3N4. The nitridation kinetics follow a linear rate law within this temperature range with a measured activation energy of 280 +/- 60 kJ mol(-1). C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP Wang, PS (reprint author), NIST,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 24 IS 2 BP 95 EP 98 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TX926 UT WOS:A1996TX92600005 ER PT J AU Yildirim, T Barbedette, L Fischer, JE Lin, CL Robert, J Petit, P AF Yildirim, T Barbedette, L Fischer, JE Lin, CL Robert, J Petit, P TI Fulleride superconductors: Dependence of T-c on average molecular valence in Na2CsxC60, 0 300% retention) suggest an unaccounted source, while results for Ag and Ni (17% and 12% retention) suggest a loss of these metals from the system. The salt marshes are nearly insignificant to retention with the exception of Fe for which they account for one third of total retention. For the metals Pb, Cr, and Cu, comparison of the 1970s and 1980s data suggests reductions in sediment burden reflective of reductions in sewage discharge of metals and limitations on the use of Pb in a gasoline. RP Bricker, SB (reprint author), NOAA,OFF OCEAN RESOURCES CONSERVAT & ASSESSMENT,SSMC4 FLOOR 9,1305 EAST WEST HIGHWAY,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 26 PY 1996 VL 179 IS 1-3 BP 27 EP 46 DI 10.1016/0048-9697(96)90047-9 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TX864 UT WOS:A1996TX86400004 ER PT J AU Wu, YC Sorensen, J AF Wu, YC Sorensen, J TI Electrolytic conductivities and mixing coefficients of the aqueous HCl-H2SO4 system SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTANCE; MIXTURES AB The coefficients of the conductivity theory for the multicomponent system of Onsager-Fuoss-Kim-Chen-Quint-Viallard for aqueous HCl-H2SO4 mixtures have been computed. The experimental results for the mixtures of equal molarity and equal ionic strength of the same system agree well with the theory. The excess conductivity of mixing is calculated. The mixing coefficients of Friedman and of Timmermann are derived. These two sets of coefficients agree with those derived from the excess conductivity of mixing. The extrema of the mixing coefficients as predicted by Friedman are observed. RP Wu, YC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1340 EP 1344 DI 10.1021/jp9515491 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR606 UT WOS:A1996TR60600033 ER PT J AU Fragneto, G Lu, JR McDermott, DC Thomas, RK Rennie, AR Gallagher, PD Satija, SK AF Fragneto, G Lu, JR McDermott, DC Thomas, RK Rennie, AR Gallagher, PD Satija, SK TI Structure of monolayers of tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether adsorbed on self-assembled monolayers on silicon: A neutron reflectivity study SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS PERMANGANATE INTERACTION; PENETRATION-CONTROLLED REACTIONS; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT MONOLAYERS; LONG-CHAIN SURFACTANTS; AIR-LIQUID INTERFACE; WATER INTERFACE; SPECULAR REFLECTION; THIN-FILMS; ADSORPTION; SURFACES AB We have used neutron reflection to study, for the first time, the structure of a surfactant layer adsorbed at the hydrophobic solid/water interface. Isotopic labeling of the water and of the hydrophobic self-assembled layer of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) was first used to characterize protonated and deuteriated hydrophobic layers on the silicon oxide on the (111) face of silicon. This is the first time the structure and composition of such layers has been examined under water. Some water penetration into both the silicon oxide layer and the hydrophobic layer was observed. In the former case this is attributed to roughness of the oxide layer and in the latter to imperfections in the OTS layer. The thickness of the OTS layer was found to be 24 +/- 2 Angstrom, in agreement with other measurements in air. The adsorption isotherm of the surfactant tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C(12)E(4)) was measured using two independent measurements (different isotopic compositions) on the deuteriated OTS layer. The surfactant was found to reach a constant excess at the critical micelle concentration (cmc) very similar to that at the air/water interface, i.e., an area per molecule of about 50 Angstrom(2). The thickness of the surfactant layer was also found to be similar to that at the air/water interface and decreased rapidly with decreasing coverage. Estimates of the angle of tilt of the surfactant molecules from the surface normal were 53 +/- 10 degrees and 75 +/- 10 degrees at the highest and lowest coverages, respectively. Isotopic labeling of the two halves of the surfactant molecule was used to show that the molecule is partially oriented with the ethylene glycol groups pointing outward toward the aqueous solution. At the cmc the thicknesses of the two halves of the surfactant molecule were both found to be 10 +/- 2 Angstrom, to be compared with fully extended chain lengths of 16.9 (alkyl chain) and 14.2 Angstrom (ethylene glycol chain). Some penetration of the OTS layer by the surfactant was observed at the highest surfactant coverages. C1 PHYS CHEM LAB,OXFORD OX1 3QZ,ENGLAND. CAVENDISH LAB,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE,ENGLAND. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 44 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 477 EP 486 DI 10.1021/la950289b PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300037 ER PT J AU Schmidt, DL DeKoven, BM Coburn, CE Potter, GE Meyers, GF Fischer, DA AF Schmidt, DL DeKoven, BM Coburn, CE Potter, GE Meyers, GF Fischer, DA TI Characterization of a new family of nonwettable, nonstick surfaces SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID MONOLAYER FILMS; CONTACT ANGLES; ADHESION; MICROSCOPE; HYSTERESIS; MECHANISMS; DROPS AB Two examples of a new family of water-based, nonstick, hydrophobic polymeric coatings were used to relate wettability to surface composition and adhesion. They were prepared by cross-linking reactive perfluoroalkyl polymeric surfactants, RPPSs, with poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline). Wettability may be manipulated by varying chemical composition, curing conditions, and degree of cross-linking. Low wettability and nonstick properties result from self-assembly of RPPS-containing chains, surface density and extent of orientation of perfluoroalkyl (R(F)) groups, and subsequent immobilization by conversion of polar-ionic functionality to covalent cross-links. The wettability was measured by obtaining advancing and receding contact angles and tilt angles of water, 0.10 N HCl, 0.10 N NaOH, and hexadecane. Hexadecane advancing angles are sensitive to R(F) surface concentration and orientation. Increased R(F) surface densities and orientation, measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), respectively, are consistent with higher advancing angles. Increased amounts of cross-linking agent decrease hexadecane advancing and receding angles due to lower RF surface densities and orientations. Surface alkylation increases hexadecane contact angle hysteresis (CA hysteresis) and lowers tilt angles by converting more polar sites to less polar but more hexadecane-wettable sites. CA hysteresis appears to be related to heterogeneities of less than 1 mu m, as determined by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and surface penetration. Scanning force microscopy indicates that nanometer scale surface roughness is unrelated to CA hysteresis. Receding angles of water and aqueous solutions of HCl and NaOH increase with increased cross-link density, reaching a maximum at 1:1 mole ratio of cross-linking functionalities. Residual COOH groups cause contact angles to decrease with increasing pH. Surface alkylation decreases aqueous CA hysteresis by rendering accessible polar sites less polar and thus less water wettable. Increased cross-linking decreases CA hysteresis by decreasing the difference between wettable and nonwettable areas and ease of penetration of liquid into the surface phase. Low intrinsic adhesion is obtained when surfaces exhibit not only high hexadecane and aqueous receding angles but also low CA hysteresis. C1 DOW CHEM CO USA,CENT RES & DEV MAT R&D LAB,MIDLAND,MI 48674. DOW CHEM CO USA,MICHIGAN RES & DEV ANALYT SCI,MIDLAND,MI 48667. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Schmidt, DL (reprint author), DOW CHEM CO USA,CENT RES & DEV ADV POLYMER SYST LAB,1712 BLDG,MIDLAND,MI 48674, USA. NR 42 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN 24 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 518 EP 529 DI 10.1021/la9502913 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TT763 UT WOS:A1996TT76300043 ER PT J AU Nakatani, AI Morrison, FA Douglas, JF Mays, JW Jackson, CL Muthukumar, M AF Nakatani, AI Morrison, FA Douglas, JF Mays, JW Jackson, CL Muthukumar, M TI The influence of shear on the ordering temperature of a triblock copolymer melt SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MICROPHASE SEPARATION TRANSITION; DYNAMIC MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TO-LAMELLAR TRANSITION; DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; BLOCK COPOLYMER; UNIDIRECTIONAL SHEAR; DISORDER TRANSITION; CRITICAL FLUIDS; FLOW; TRANSFORMATION AB The effect of shear on the ordering temperature of a triblock copolymer melt of polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS) is examined by in situ small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Results obtained by SANS are compared to the theologically determined order-disorder transition temperature, T-RODT=115+/-5 degrees C. The SANS measurements from a Couette geometry shear cell are then used to construct a ''dynamical phase diagram'' based on characteristic changes in the scattering with temperature and shear rate, y. A shear rate dependent ordering temperature, T-ord(y), is identified as the system is sheared isothermally from the disordered state, The scattering behavior is shown to be highly strain dependent. We compare our findings on the shear rate dependence of the ordering transition in triblock materials with previous observations on diblock copolymer materials and theoretical expectations for the shear rate dependence of the order-disorder transition temperature. A simple scaling argument leads to a good description of the shear rate dependence of T-ord(y) in both diblock and triblock copolymer measurements over the range of shear rates examined. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT CHEM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT POLYMER SCI & ENGN,AMHERST,MA 01003. RP Nakatani, AI (reprint author), US DEPT COMMERCE,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Morrison, Faith/G-2996-2011; OI Jackson, Catheryn/0000-0003-1611-3926 NR 48 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 22 PY 1996 VL 104 IS 4 BP 1589 EP 1599 DI 10.1063/1.470747 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA TQ986 UT WOS:A1996TQ98600042 ER PT J AU Broholm, C AF Broholm, C TI Proposal for a doubly focusing cold neutron spectrometer at NIST SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB I propose to build a cold neutron spectrometer with a doubly focusing monochromator viewing the liquid hydrogen moderator at the NBSR reactor at NIST. First I describe a practical formalism for calculating the monochromatic neutron flux at the sample position for various monochromating systems. Then I show that the large solid angle by which a doubly focusing crystal monochromator could view the cold neutron source at the NBSR would allow the construction of an instrument surpassing any current instrument for neutron spectroscopy with 0.1 < Delta E < 0.5 meV and Delta Q approximate to 0.1 Angstrom(-1). I contrast the merits of this instrument to those of other neutron spectrometers at NIST and elsewhere and discuss the scientific opportunities that the instrument would provide. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Broholm, C (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892 NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 21 PY 1996 VL 369 IS 1 BP 169 EP 179 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00780-6 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA TV076 UT WOS:A1996TV07600023 ER PT J AU Marshall, HL Carone, TE Shull, JM Malkan, MA Elvis, M AF Marshall, HL Carone, TE Shull, JM Malkan, MA Elvis, M TI The steep soft X-ray spectrum of the highly variable active nucleus in Markarian 478 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies, active; galaxies, individual (Markarian 478); galaxies, nuclei; radiation mechanisms, nonthermal; ultraviolet, galaxies; X-rays, galaxies ID GALACTIC NUCLEI; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; QUASARS; DENSITY; REGION; AGN AB We present the first moderate-resolution spectrum of the soft X-ray excess in an active galactic nucleus. Mrk 478 was detected in the 70-100 Angstrom spectral region using the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) spectrometer. The spectrum shows no significant spectral features and is consistent with a very steep power law. The neutral hydrogen absorbing column is consistent with the Galactic value. The spectral slope is poorly determined if the absorbing column is allowed to vary; alpha = 27 +/- 9 (f(v) proportional to v(-alpha)), and the best-fit column density (cm(-2)) is log N-H = 20.6. If the column density is fixed at the Galactic value, log N-H = 20.0, then alpha = 4.70 +/- 0.65. The lack of emission lines and significant variability indicate that the soft X-ray continuum is not due to emission from a thin thermal plasma or a leaky neutral or warm absorber. There is marginal evidence that the spectrum hardens as it brightens, which is consistent with thermal variations rather than absorption changes. If this component is the Wien tail of a blackbody spectrum, then the temperature at the inner edge of the accretion disk must be of order 10(6) K. For an accretion disk model from Sun & Malkan (1989), we require a mass of 1.3 x 10(8) M., an accretion rate of 0.3 M. yr(-1), and a highly inclined disk, with cos i = 0.50, in order to keep L < L(Edd). C1 EUREKA SCI INC,OAKLAND,CA 94602. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ASTRON,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 457 IS 1 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1086/176720 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TP705 UT WOS:A1996TP70500014 ER PT J AU Hoell, JM Davis, D Liu, SC Newell, R Shipham, M Akimoto, H McNeal, RJ Bendura, RJ Drewry, JW AF Hoell, JM Davis, D Liu, SC Newell, R Shipham, M Akimoto, H McNeal, RJ Bendura, RJ Drewry, JW TI Pacific exploratory Mission-West A (PEM-West A): September October 1991 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB The NASA Pacific Exploratory Mission-West (PEM-West) is a major component of the East Asia/North Pacific Regional Study (APARE), a project within the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) program. The broad objective of the PEM-West/APARE initiative is to study chemical processes and long-range transport over the northwestern Pacific Ocean and to estimate the magnitude of the human impact on the oceanic atmosphere over this region particularly for tropospheric ozone and its precursors as well as for sulfur species, The first phase of this mission, PEM-West A, was conducted during September-October 1991. The PEM-West A included intensive airborne measurements of trace gases from the NASA DC-8 aircraft coordinated with measurements at PEM-West A surface sites as well as with measurements obtained from; collaborating APARE ground and airborne platforms. This paper reports the experimental design for PEM-West A with a brief summary of the general content and focus of companion papers in this special issue. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NASA, WASHINGTON, DC 20546 USA. RP Hoell, JM (reprint author), NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. NR 43 TC 176 Z9 179 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1641 EP 1653 DI 10.1029/95JD00622 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600024 ER PT J AU Browell, EV Fenn, MA Butler, CF Grant, WB Merrill, JT Newell, RE Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Anderson, BE Bandy, AR Bachmeier, AS Blake, DR Davis, DD Gregory, GL Heikes, BG Kondo, Y Liu, SC Rowland, FS Sachse, GW Singh, HB Talbot, RW Thornton, DC AF Browell, EV Fenn, MA Butler, CF Grant, WB Merrill, JT Newell, RE Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Anderson, BE Bandy, AR Bachmeier, AS Blake, DR Davis, DD Gregory, GL Heikes, BG Kondo, Y Liu, SC Rowland, FS Sachse, GW Singh, HB Talbot, RW Thornton, DC TI Large-scale air mass characteristics observed over western Pacific during summertime SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OZONE; PROFILES; AEROSOLS; OCEAN; GAMETAG; LIDAR; GASES AB Remote and in situ measurements of gases and aerosols were made with airborne instrumentation to investigate the sources and sinks of tropospheric gases and aerosols over the western Pacific during the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE)/Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A (PEM-West A) conducted in September-October 1991. This paper discusses the general characteristics of the air masses encountered during this experiment using an airborne lidar system for measurements of the large-scale variations in ozone (O-3) and aerosol distributions across the troposphere and airborne in situ instrumentation for comprehensive measurements of air mass composition, In low latitudes of the western Pacific the airflow was generally from the east, and under these conditions the air was observed to have low aerosol loading and low ozone levels throughout the troposphere. Ozone was found to be below 10 parts per billion volume (ppbv) near the surface to 40-50 ppbv in the middle to upper troposphere, In the middle and high latitudes the airflow was mostly westerly, and the background O-3 was generally less than 55 ppbv. On 60% of the PEM-West A flights, O-3 was observed to exceed these levels in regions that were determined to be associated with stratospheric intrusions, In convective outflows from typhoons, near-surface air with low ozone (<25 ppbv) was transported into the upper troposphere (>10 km). Several cases of continental plumes from Asia were observed over the Pacific during westerly flow conditions. These plumes were found in the lower troposphere with ozone levels in the 60-80 ppbv range and enhanced aerosol scattering. At low latitudes over the central Pacific the troposphere primarily contained air with background or low ozone levels; however, stratospherically influenced air with enhanced ozone (40-60 ppbv) was observed several times in the lower troposphere, The frequency of observation of the air masses and their average chemical composition are also discussed in this paper. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92714 USA. DREXEL UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP, HAMPTON, VA 23666 USA. NAGOYA UNIV, TOYOKAWA, AICHI, JAPAN. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. RP Browell, EV (reprint author), NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, MAIL STOP 401A, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. RI Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Grant, William/B-8311-2009 OI Grant, William/0000-0002-1439-3285 NR 37 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1691 EP 1712 DI 10.1029/95JD02200 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600027 ER PT J AU Smyth, S Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Liu, S McKeen, S Gregory, G Anderson, B Talbot, R Blake, D Rowland, S Browell, E Fenn, M Merrill, J Bachmeier, S Sachse, G Collins, J Thornton, D Davis, D Singh, H AF Smyth, S Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Liu, S McKeen, S Gregory, G Anderson, B Talbot, R Blake, D Rowland, S Browell, E Fenn, M Merrill, J Bachmeier, S Sachse, G Collins, J Thornton, D Davis, D Singh, H TI Comparison of free tropospheric western Pacific air mass classification schemes for the PEM-West A experiment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OZONE PRODUCTION; NOX; DISTRIBUTIONS; EMISSIONS; NITROGEN AB During September/October 1991, NASA's Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) conducted an airborne field measurement program (PEM-West A) in the troposphere over the western Pacific Ocean. In this paper we describe and use the relative abundance of the combustion products C2H2 and CO to classify air masses encountered during PEM-West A based on the degree that these tracers were processed by the combined effects of photochemical reactions and dynamical mixing (termed the degree of atmospheric processing). A large number of trace compounds (e.g., C2H6, C3H8, C6H6, NOy, and O-3) are found to be well correlated with the degree of atmospheric processing that is reflected by changes in the ratio of C2H2/CO over the range of values from similar to 0.3 to 2.0 (parts per trillion volume) C2H2/ (parts per billion volume) CO. This C2H2/CO-based classification scheme is compared to model simulations and to two independent classification schemes based on air mass back-trajectory analyses and lidar profiles of O-3 and aerosols. In general, these schemes agree well, and in combination they suggest that the functional dependence that other observed species exhibit with respect to the C2H2/CO atmospheric processing scale can be used to study the origin, sources, and sinks of trace species and to derive several important findings. First, the degree of atmospheric processing is found to be dominated by dilution associated with atmospheric mixing, which is found to primarily occur through the vertical mixing of relatively recent emissions of surface layer trace species. Photochemical reactions play their major role by influencing the background concentrations of trace species that are entrained during the mixing (i.e., dilution) process. Second, a significant noncontinental source(s) of NO (and NOx) in the free troposphere is evident. In particular, the enhanced NO mixing ratios that were observed in convected air masses are attributed to either emissions from lightning or the rapid recycling of NOy compounds. Third, nonsoluble trace species emitted in the continental boundary layer, such as CO and hydrocarbons, are vertically transported to the upper troposphere as efficiently as they are td the midtroposphere. In addition, the mixing ratios of CO and hydrocarbons in the upper troposphere over the western Pacific may reflect a significant contribution from northern hemisphere land areas other than Asia. Finally, we believe that these results can be valuable for the quantitative evaluation of the vertical transport processes that are usually parameterized in models. C1 NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT CHEM, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, CTR ATMOSPHER CHEM STUDIES, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. DREXEL UNIV, DEPT CHEM, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. RP Smyth, S (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. RI McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013 NR 32 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1743 EP 1762 DI 10.1029/95JD02861 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600030 ER PT J AU Singh, HB Herlth, D Kolyer, R Salas, L Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Davis, DD Crawford, J Kondo, Y Koike, M Talbot, R Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Browell, E Blake, DR Rowland, FS Newell, R Merrill, J Heikes, B Liu, SC Crutzen, PJ Kanakidou, M AF Singh, HB Herlth, D Kolyer, R Salas, L Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Davis, DD Crawford, J Kondo, Y Koike, M Talbot, R Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Browell, E Blake, DR Rowland, FS Newell, R Merrill, J Heikes, B Liu, SC Crutzen, PJ Kanakidou, M TI Reactive nitrogen and ozone over the western Pacific: Distribution, partitioning, and sources SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OBSERVATORY PHOTOCHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT; CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; PEROXYACETYL NITRATE PAN; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; EASTERN PACIFIC; NITRIC-ACID; NOX; IMPACT; MODEL; HNO3 AB Measurements of important reactive nitrogen species (NO, NO2, HNO3, PAN, PPN, NO3-, NOy), C-1 to C-6 hydrocarbons, O-3, chemical tracers (C2Cl4, CO), and meteorological parameters were made in the troposphere (0 to 12 km) over the western Pacific (0 degrees-50 degrees N) during the Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A campaign (September-October 1991). Under clean conditions, mixing ratios of NO, NO2, NOy, and O-3 increased with altitude and showed a distinct latitudinal gradient. PAN showed a midtropospheric maximum, while nitric acid mixing ratios were generally highest near the surface. Measured NOy concentrations were significantly greater than the sum of individually measured nitrogen species (mainly NOx, PAN, and HNO3), suggesting that a large fraction of reactive nitrogen present in the atmosphere is made up of hitherto unknown species. This shortfall was larger in the tropics (approximate to 65%) compared to midlatitudes (approximate to 40%) and was minimal in air masses with high HNO3 mixing ratios (>100 ppt). A global three-dimensional photochemical model has been used to compare observations with predictions and to assess the significance of major sources. It is possible that the tropical lightning source is much greater than commonly assumed, and both lightning source and its distribution remain a major area of uncertainty in the budgets of NOy and NOx. A large disagreement between measurement and theory exists in the atmospheric distribution of HNO3. It appears that surface-based anthropogenic emissions provide nearly 65% of the global atmospheric NOy reservoir. Relatively constant NOx/NOy ratios imply that NOy and NOx are in chemical equilibrium and the NOy reservoir may be an important in situ source of atmospheric NOx. Data are interpreted to suggest that only about 20% of the upper tropospheric (7-12 km) NOx is directly attributable to its surface NOx source, and free tropospheric sources are dominant. In situ release of NOx from the NOy reservoir, lightning, direct transport of surface NOx, aircraft emissions, and small stratospheric input collectively maintain the NOx balance in the atmosphere. It is shown that atmospheric ratios of reactive nitrogen and sulfur species, along with trajectory analysis, can be used to pinpoint the source of Asian continental outflow. Compared to rural atmospheres over North America, air masses over the Pacific are highly efficient in net O-3 production. Sources of tropospheric NOx cannot yet be accurately defined due to shortcomings in measurements and theory. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. MAX PLANCK INST CHEM, D-55020 MAINZ, GERMANY. UNIV RHODE ISL, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. CEA, CNRS, LAB MIXTE, CTR FAIBLES RADIOACT, F-91198 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. NAGOYA UNIV, TOYOKAWA, AICHI, JAPAN. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV FDN, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. RP Singh, HB (reprint author), NASA, AMES RES CTR, CODE 245-5, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. RI Koike, Makoto/F-4366-2011; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Kanakidou, Maria/D-7882-2012; Crutzen, Paul/F-6044-2012; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013 OI Kanakidou, Maria/0000-0002-1724-9692; Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934 NR 45 TC 129 Z9 132 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1793 EP 1808 DI 10.1029/95JD01029 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600033 ER PT J AU Newell, RE Hu, W Wu, ZX Zhu, Y Akimoto, H Anderson, BE Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Shipham, MC Bachmeier, AS Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Blake, DR Rowland, FS Bradshaw, JD Crawford, JH Davis, DD Sandholm, ST Brockett, W DeGreef, L Lewis, D McCormick, D Monitz, E Collins, JE Heikes, BG Merrill, JT Kelly, KK Liu, SC Kondo, Y Koike, M Liu, CM Sakamaki, F Singh, HB Dibb, JE Talbot, RW AF Newell, RE Hu, W Wu, ZX Zhu, Y Akimoto, H Anderson, BE Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Shipham, MC Bachmeier, AS Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Blake, DR Rowland, FS Bradshaw, JD Crawford, JH Davis, DD Sandholm, ST Brockett, W DeGreef, L Lewis, D McCormick, D Monitz, E Collins, JE Heikes, BG Merrill, JT Kelly, KK Liu, SC Kondo, Y Koike, M Liu, CM Sakamaki, F Singh, HB Dibb, JE Talbot, RW TI Atmospheric sampling of Supertyphoon Mireille with NASA DC-8 aircraft on September 27, 1991, during PEM-West A SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC; NITROGEN AB The DC-8 mission of September 27, 1991, was designed to sample air flowing into Typhoon Mireille in the boundary layer, air in the upper tropospheric eye region, and air emerging from the typhoon and ahead of the system, also in the upper troposphere. The objective was to find how a typhoon redistributes trace constituents in the West Pacific region and whether any such redistribution is important on the global scale. The boundary layer air (300 m), in a region to the SE of the eye, contained low mixing ratios of the tracer species O-3, CO, C2H6, C2H2, C3H8, C6H6 and CS2 but high values of dimethylsulfide (DMS). The eye region relative to the boundary layer, showed somewhat elevated levels of CO, substantially increased levels of O-3, CS2 and all nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), and somewhat reduced levels of DMS. Ahead of the eye, CO and the NMHCs remained unchanged, O-3 and CS2 showed a modest decrease, and DMS showed a substantial decrease. There was no evidence from lidar cross sections of ozone for the downward entrainment of stratospheric air into the eye region; these sections show that low ozone values were measured in the troposphere. The DMS data suggest substantial entrainment of boundary layer air into the system, particularly into the eye wall region. Estimates of the DMS sulphur flux between the boundary layer and the free troposphere, based on computations of velocity potential and divergent winds, gave values of about 69 mu g S m(-2) d(-1) averaged over a 17.5 degrees grid square encompassing the typhoon. A few hours after sampling with the DC-8, Mireille passed over Oki Island, just to the north of Japan, producing surface values of ozone of 5.5 ppbv. These O-3 levels are consistent with the low tropospheric values found by lidar and are more typical of equatorial regions. We suggest that the central eye region may act like a Taylor column which has moved poleward from low latitudes. The high-altitude photochemical environment within Typhoon Mireille was found to be quite active as evidenced by significant levels of measured gas phase H2O2 and CH3OOH and model-computed levels of OH. C1 UNIV TOKYO, MEGURO KU, TOKYO 153305, JAPAN. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. LOCKHEED ENGN & SCI CO, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. DREXEL UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, AMES SCI & APPLICAT AIRCRAFT DIV, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. SCI & TECHNOL CORP, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, KINGSTON, RI 02881 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NATL TAIWAN UNIV, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN. NATL INST ENVIRONM STUDIES, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN. NAGOYA UNIV, NAGOYA, AICHI, JAPAN. RP Newell, RE (reprint author), MIT, 54-1824, 77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RI Koike, Makoto/F-4366-2011; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013 OI Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934 NR 23 TC 37 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1853 EP 1871 DI 10.1029/95JD01374 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600036 ER PT J AU Heikes, BG Lee, M Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Davis, DD Crawford, J Rodriguez, J Liu, S McKeen, S Thornton, D Bandy, A Gregory, G Talbot, R Blake, D AF Heikes, BG Lee, M Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Davis, DD Crawford, J Rodriguez, J Liu, S McKeen, S Thornton, D Bandy, A Gregory, G Talbot, R Blake, D TI Hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide distributions related to ozone and odd hydrogen over the North Pacific in the fall of 1991 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OBSERVATORY PHOTOCHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT; 3-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL-MODEL; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; UNITED-STATES; CLOUD DYNAMICS; CHEMISTRY; MICROPHYSICS; ACID; SO2 AB Hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide were measured in the troposphere over the western North Pacific as part of the airborne portion of NASA's Global Tropospheric Experiment/Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A field mission. The flights circled the North Pacific, focusing on the western Pacific, and extended from 300 to 13,000 m altitude. The hydroperoxides were uniquely separated and quantified using a high-pressure liquid chromatography system in conjunction with a continuous enzyme fluorometric instrument. Results show a latitudinal gradient in both peroxides at all altitudes; for example, between 3 and 5 km, H2O2 median values decrease from 1700 to 500 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) in going from 0 degrees-15 degrees N to 45 degrees-60 degrees N, and the corresponding decrease in CH3OOH was 1100 to 200 pptv. Concentration maxima are observed in both species at altitudes of 2 to 3 km with H2O2 concentrations below 1 km lower by 30%, 10% for CH3OOH, and even lower, by a factor of 10, for both above 9 km. The H2O2 to CH3OOH ratio increased with altitude and latitude with ratios (1 in the tropical surface layer and >2 at midlatitude high altitude. Highest peroxide concentrations were encountered over the Celebes Sea in air which was impacted by aged biomass fire and urban pollutants. CH3OOH was below the level of detection in stratospheric air, H2O2 exceeded SO2 95% of the time, with the exceptions generally above 9 km. Above 3 km, O-3 increases with decreasing H2O2 and CH3OOH. Below 3 km the O-3-CH3OOH trend is the same but O-3 increases with increasing H2O2. The measurements are compared with predictions based upon a photochemical steady state zero-dimensional model and a three-dimensional mesoscale time-dependent model. These models capture observed trends in H2O2 and CH3OOH, with the possible exception of H2O2 below 2 km where surface removal is important. A surface removal lifetime of 3.5 days brings the observed and zero-dimensional model-estimated H2O2 into agreement. The steady state model suggests a strong correlation between the ratios of NO/CO or HO2/HO and the ratio of H2O2/CH3OOH. The observed hydroperoxide ratios bracket the modeled relationship with occasionally much lower H2O2 than expected. C1 DREXEL UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NOAA, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. AER INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. RP Heikes, BG (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, CTR ATMOSPHER CHEM STUDIES, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. RI McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013 OI Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934 NR 64 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1891 EP 1905 DI 10.1029/95JD01364 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600039 ER PT J AU Newell, RE Zhu, Y Browell, EV Ismail, S Read, WG Waters, JW Kelly, KK Liu, SC AF Newell, RE Zhu, Y Browell, EV Ismail, S Read, WG Waters, JW Kelly, KK Liu, SC TI Upper tropospheric water vapor and cirrus: Comparison of DC-8 observations, preliminary UARS microwave limb sounder measurements and meteorological analyses SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB Upper tropospheric water vapor in the tropical West Pacific has been examined by three approaches that were operational during the NASA Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A (PEM-West A) in September-October 1991: direct measurement with a Lyman-a fluorescence instrument on the NASA DC-8; remote sensing by the microwave limb sounder (MLS) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS); and deduction of cirrus clouds by differential absorption lidar (DIAL) flown on the DC-8 together with environmental conditions derived from meteorological analyses made by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Comparison between the DC-8 direct measurement and the preliminary MLS (12 cases) estimates showed fair agreement with a tendency for MLS to show an overestimate at low mixing ratio values (less than or equal to similar to 200 parts per million by volume). The comparison between the DIAL and the ECMWF analyses (13 cases) showed that cirrus occurred in regions where there was rising motion and relative humidity near 100%. The DIAL observations are from much smaller spatial regions than can be resolved from the ECMWF analyses. The cirrus tops occurred below the tropopause as measured by the vertical ozone gradient in the DIAL data; no cases of tropopause penetration were observed during this season. In most cases the cirrus formed in air of low potential vorticity and relatively low ozone. At 150 and 200 hPa the center of the rising motion, as shown by the maximum in the velocity potential pattern based on the ECMWF analysis, is at about 18 degrees N, 145 degrees E in dose correspondence to the MLS water vapor mixing ratio maximum deduced for 147 and 215 hPa. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. RP Newell, RE (reprint author), MIT, DEPT EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, 77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, ROOM 54-1824, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1931 EP 1941 DI 10.1029/95JD01373 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600042 ER PT J AU Newell, RE Wu, ZX Zhu, Y Hu, W Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Collins, JE Kelly, KK Liu, SC AF Newell, RE Wu, ZX Zhu, Y Hu, W Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Collins, JE Kelly, KK Liu, SC TI Vertical fine-scale atmospheric structure measured from NASA DC-8 during PEM-West A SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB Measurements of a suite of atmospheric trace constituents made from the NASA DC-8 aircraft, while it was making vertical profiles during the Pacific Exploratory Mission A (PEM-West A) to the western Pacific in September-October 1991 have revealed a layered structure in much of the region. Ozone, water vapor, carbon monoxide, and methane were available continuously and are the primary constituents used to define the layers; nonmethane hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, hydrogen peroxide and methylhydroperoxide were available less frequently but were also used. From 105 vertical profiles, sampled at vertical speeds of about 6 m s(-1), over 500 layers were identified using O-3 and H2O; their mean thickness was about 400 m. When these layers could be identified from lidar along-track cross sections of O-3 made from the aircraft, they were found to extend over distances of 100-200 km or more. Combinations of several constituent deviations from vertical running means were used to identify possible layer sources; examples are high O-3, low H2O, CO, and CH4, corresponding to the extrusion of stratospheric air into the troposphere; low O-3 and high H2O, originating from convection from the tropical boundary layer; high O-3, CO and CH4, low H2O, coming from convection from the continental boundary layer and transport in the upper troposphere, sometimes from distant sources. The layers show no clear relationship with wind velocity profiles measured simultaneously on the aircraft; there is some relationship with temperature and potential temperature, with some layers which show a stratospheric signature lying on isentropes that are in the lower stratosphere at higher latitudes. Potential vorticity (PV) is used as an additional tracer to check the conclusions about the different types of layers. While PV is often used as an indicator of stratospheric air, its use as an indicator of convection is also illustrated here. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. SCI & TECHNOL CORP, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. NOAA, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP Newell, RE (reprint author), MIT, DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI, 77 MASSACUSETTS AVE, ROOM 54-1824, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 21 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1943 EP 1960 DI 10.1029/95JD02613 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600043 ER PT J AU Anderson, BE Gregory, GL Collins, JE Sachse, GW Conway, TJ Whiting, GP AF Anderson, BE Gregory, GL Collins, JE Sachse, GW Conway, TJ Whiting, GP TI Airborne observations of spatial and temporal variability of tropospheric carbon dioxide SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; CLIMATE; MODEL AB Fast response (5-s resolution) CO2 measurements were recorded on two recent NASA-sponsored airborne atmospheric chemical survey missions: the summer/fall 1991 Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A (PEM-West A) and the winter 1992 Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition II (AASE II). Both missions were conducted aboard the NASA Ames Research Center DC-8 aircraft and included sampling between the surface and 12-km altitudes over a wide range of latitudes and longitudes. In the following text, these data, along with simultaneous surface measurements from the NOAA flask sampling network, are examined to establish the vertical distribution and variability of CO2 as a function of location and season. Results indicate that middle to upper tropospheric (> 5 km altitude) CO2 concentrations often differ considerably (> 5 parts per million by volume in some cases) from values recorded at surface stations within the same geographic region. These differences are particularly notable at middle to high northern latitudes where midtropospheric concentration changes and seasonal cycles are generally delayed in time and highly damped in amplitude relative to surface observations. C1 SCI & TECHNOL CORP, HAMPTON, VA 23666 USA. NOAA, AIR RESOURCES LAB, GMCC, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, AEROSP ELECTR SYST DIV, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONM SCI, NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23668 USA. RP Anderson, BE (reprint author), NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. NR 45 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 1985 EP 1997 DI 10.1029/95JD00413 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600046 ER PT J AU Buhr, MP Hsu, KJ Liu, CM Liu, R Wei, L Liu, YC Kuo, YS AF Buhr, MP Hsu, KJ Liu, CM Liu, R Wei, L Liu, YC Kuo, YS TI Trace gas measurements and air mass classification from a ground station in Taiwan during the PEM-West A experiment (1991) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC NITRATES; PACIFIC; TRANSPORT; AEROSOL; OZONE; ASIA AB Measurements of the ambient concentrations of O-3, NOx (NO + NO2), and PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate) were collected at Kenting, a rural site near the southern end of Taiwan, during the autumn of 1991 as part of the Pacific Exploratory Mission - West A (PEM-West A) experiment. Two principal component analyses (PCAs) were performed on the data. The results of the PCA indicated that at least three different air mass types were observed at the site, including marine boundary layer, urban plume, and continental outflow (from the Asian mainland). The average concentrations determined for PAN and O-3 in the marine boundary Layer are 0.03 +/- 0.02 and 13 +/- 5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), respectively. In the continental outflow type air masses the average concentrations of PAN and O-3 were 0.33 +/- 0.41 and 46 +/- 7 ppbv, respectively. The data collected indicate that a minimum of 100-150 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) PAN is required in order to affect the production of ozone in the marine boundary layer. C1 NATL TAIWAN UNIV, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. UNIV COLORADO, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NR 20 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 2025 EP 2035 DI 10.1029/95JD00411 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600049 ER PT J AU Liu, SC McKeen, SA Hsie, EY Lin, X Kelly, KK Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Blake, DR Rowland, FS Newell, R Heikes, BG Singh, H Talbot, RW AF Liu, SC McKeen, SA Hsie, EY Lin, X Kelly, KK Bradshaw, JD Sandholm, ST Browell, EV Gregory, GL Sachse, GW Bandy, AR Thornton, DC Blake, DR Rowland, FS Newell, R Heikes, BG Singh, H Talbot, RW TI Model study of tropospheric trace species distributions during PEM-West A SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ODD NITROGEN; EMISSIONS; OZONE; INVENTORY; SIMULATION; NOX AB A three-dimensional mesoscale transport/photochemical model is used to study the transport and photochemical transformation of trace species over eastern Asia and western Pacific for the period from September 20 to October 6, 1991, bf the Pacific Exploratory Mission-West A experiment. The influence of emissions from the continental boundary layer that was evident in the observed trace species distributions in the lower troposphere over the ocean is well simulated by the model, In the upper troposphere, species such as O-3, NOy (total reactive nitrogen species), and SO2 which have a significant source in the stratosphere are also simulated well in the model, suggesting that the upper tropospheric abundances of these species are strongly influenced by stratospheric fluxes and upper tropospheric sources. In the case of SO2 the stratospheric flux is identified to be mostly from the Mount Pinatubo eruption, Concentrations in the upper troposphere for species such as CO and hydrocarbons,which are emitted in the continental boundary layer and have a sink in the troposphere, are significantly underestimated by the model, Two factors have been identified to contribute significantly to the underestimate: one is emissions upwind of the model domain (eastern Asia and western Pacific); the other is that vertical transport is underestimated in the model, Model results are also grouped by back trajectories to study the contrast between compositions of marine and continental air masses, The model-calculated altitude profiles of trace species in continental and marine air masses are found to be qualitatively consistent with observations, However, the difference in the median values of trace species between continental air and marine air is about twice as large for the observed values as for model results, This suggests that the model underestimates the outflow fluxes of trace species from the Asian continent and the Pacific rim countries to the ocean, Observed altitude profiles for species like CO and hydrocarbons show a negative gradient in continental air and a positive gradient in marine air, A mechanism which may be responsible for the altitude gradients is proposed. C1 DREXEL UNIV, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. UNIV COLORADO, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. RP Liu, SC (reprint author), NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RI McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013; Hsie, Eirh-Yu/I-4449-2013 OI Hsie, Eirh-Yu/0000-0003-3934-9923 NR 45 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 2073 EP 2085 DI 10.1029/95JD02277 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600053 ER PT J AU McKeen, SA Liu, SC Hsie, EY Lin, X Bradshaw, JD Smyth, S Gregory, GL Blake, DR AF McKeen, SA Liu, SC Hsie, EY Lin, X Bradshaw, JD Smyth, S Gregory, GL Blake, DR TI Hydrocarbon ratios during PEM-WEST A: A model perspective SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC AIR MASSES; ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS; PHOTOCHEMICAL HISTORIES; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; RADICAL CONCENTRATIONS; RURAL TROPOSPHERE; POINT-ARENA; NOX; CALIFORNIA; EMISSIONS AB A useful application of the hydrocarbon measurements collected during the Pacific Exploratory Mission (PEM-West A) is as markers or indices of atmospheric processing. Traditionally, ratios of particular hydrocarbons have been interpreted as photochemical indices, since much of the effect due to atmospheric transport is assumed to cancel by using ratios. However, an ever increasing body of observatonial and theoretical evidence suggests that turbulent mixing associated with atmospheric transport influences certain hydrocarbon ratios significantly. In this study a three-dimensional mesoscale photochemical model is used to study the interaction of photochemistry and atmospheric mixing on select hydrocarbons. In terms of correlations and functional relationships between various alkanes the model results and PEM-West A hydrocarbon observations share many similar characteristics as well as explainable differences. When the three-dimensional model is applied to inert tracers, hydrocarbon ratios and other relationships exactly follow those expected by simple dilution with model-imposed ''background air,'' and the three-dimensional results for reactive hydrocarbons are quite consistent with a combined influence of photochemistry and simple dilution. Analogous to these model results, relationships between various hydrocarbons collected during the PEM-West A experiment appear to be consistent with this simplified picture of photochemistry and dilution affecting individual air masses, When hydrocarbons are chosen that have negligeble contributions to clean background air, unambiguous determinations of the relative contributions to photochemistry and dilution can be estimated from the hydrocarbon samples, Both the three-dimensional model results and the observations imply an average characteristic lifetime for dilution with background air roughly equivalent to the photochemical lifetime of butane for the western Pacific lower troposphere. Moreover, the dominance of OR as the primary photochemical oxidant downwind of anthropogenic source regions can be inferred from correlations between the highly reactive alkane ratios, By incorporating back-trajectory information within the three-dimensional model analysis, a correspondence between time and a particular hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon ratio can be determined, and the influence of atmospheric mixing or photochemistry can be quantified, Results of the three-dimensional model study are compared and applied to the PEM-West A hydrocarbon dataset, yielding a practical methodology for determining average OH concentrations and atmospheric mixing rates from the hydrocarbon measurements. Aircraft data taken below 2 km during wall flights east of Japan imply a diurnal average OH concentration of similar to 3 x 10(6) cm(-3). The characteristic time for dilution with background air is estimated to be similar to 2.5 days for the two study areas examined in this work. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT CHEM, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, HAMPTON, VA 23665 USA. UNIV COLORADO, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP McKeen, SA (reprint author), NOAA, AERON LAB, 325 BROADWAY, R-E-AL4, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RI McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013; Hsie, Eirh-Yu/I-4449-2013 OI Hsie, Eirh-Yu/0000-0003-3934-9923 NR 42 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 2087 EP 2109 DI 10.1029/95JD02733 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600054 ER PT J AU Davis, DD Crawford, J Chen, G Chameides, W Liu, S Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Sachse, G Gregory, G Anderson, B Barrick, J Bachmeier, A Collins, J Browell, E Blake, D Rowland, S Kondo, Y Singh, H Talbot, R Heikes, B Merrill, J Rodriguez, J Newell, RE AF Davis, DD Crawford, J Chen, G Chameides, W Liu, S Bradshaw, J Sandholm, S Sachse, G Gregory, G Anderson, B Barrick, J Bachmeier, A Collins, J Browell, E Blake, D Rowland, S Kondo, Y Singh, H Talbot, R Heikes, B Merrill, J Rodriguez, J Newell, RE TI Assessment of ozone photochemistry in the western North Pacific as inferred from PEM-West A observations during the fall 1991 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; POLAR SUNRISE; VERTICAL FLUX; UNITED-STATES; NITRIC-OXIDE; CHEMISTRY; MODEL AB This study examines the influence of photochemical processes on ozone distributions in the western North Pacific. The analysis is based on data generated during NASA's western Pacific Exploratory Mission (PEM-West A) during the fall. of 1991. Ozone trends were best described in terms of two geographical domains: the western North Pacific rim (WNPR) and the western tropical North Pacific (WTNP). For both geographical regions, ozone photochemical destruction, D(O-3), decreased more rapidly with altitude than did photochemical formation, F(O-3). Thus the ozone tendency, P(O-3), was typically found to be negative for z < 6 km and positive for z > 6-8 km. For nearly all altitudes and latitudes, observed nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) levels were shown to be of minor importance as ozone precursor species. Air parcel types producing the largest positive values of P(O-3) included fresh continental boundary layer (BL) air and high-altitude (z > 7 km) parcels influenced by deep convection/lightning. Significant negative P(O-3) values were found when encountering clean marine BL air or relatively clean lower free-tropospheric air. Photochemical destruction and formation fluxes for the Pacific rim region were found to exceed average values cited for marine dry deposition and stratospheric injection in the northern hemisphere by nearly a factor of 6. This region was also found to be in near balance with respect to column-integrated O-3 photochemical production and destruction. By contrast, for the tropical regime column-integrated O-3 showed photochemical destruction exceeding production by nearly 80%. Both transport of O-3 rich midlatitude air into the tropics as well as very high-altitude (10-17 km) photochemical. O-3 production were proposed as possible additional sources that might explain this estimated deficit. Results from this study further suggest that during the fall. time period, deep convection over Asia and Malaysia/Indonesia provided a significant source of high-altitude NOx to the western Pacific. Given that the high-altitude NOx lifetime is estimated at between 3 and 9 days, one would predict that this source added significantly to high altitude photochemical O-3 formation over large areas of the western Pacific. When viewed in terms of strong seasonal westerly flow, its influence would potentially span a large part of the Pacific. C1 NASA, LANGLEY RES CTR, HAMPTON, VA 23681 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT CHEM, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. UNIV RHODE ISL, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. NAGOYA UNIV, SOLAR TERR ENVIRONM LAB, TOYOKAWA, AICHI 442, JAPAN. NOAA, AERON LAB, ENVIRONM RES LABS, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. MIT, DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. AER INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NASA, AMES RES CTR, MOFFETT FIELD, CA 94035 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. RP Davis, DD (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. RI Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013 OI Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934 NR 63 TC 133 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 2111 EP 2134 DI 10.1029/95JD02755 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600055 ER PT J AU Davis, D Crawford, J Liu, S McKeen, S Bandy, A Thornton, D Rowland, F Blake, D AF Davis, D Crawford, J Liu, S McKeen, S Bandy, A Thornton, D Rowland, F Blake, D TI Potential impact of iodine on tropospheric levels of ozone and other critical oxidants SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID LOWER STRATOSPHERE; POLAR SUNRISE; METHYL-IODIDE; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; AIR; CHEMISTRY; DEPLETION; DESTRUCTION; ATMOSPHERE; BEHAVIOR AB A new analysis of tropospheric iodine chemistry suggests that under certain conditions this chemistry could have a significant impact on the rate of destruction of tropospheric ozone. In addition, it suggests that modest shifts could result in the critical radical ratio HO2/OH. This analysis is based on the first ever observations of CH3I in the middle and upper free troposphere as recorded during the NASA Pacific Exploratory Mission in the western Pacific. Improved evaluations of several critical gas kinetic and photochemical rate coefficients have also been used. Three iodine source scenarios were explored in arriving at the above conclusions. These include: (1) the assumption that the release of CH3I from the marine environment was the only iodine source with boundary layer levels reflecting a low-productivity source region, (2) same as scenario 1 but with an additional marine iodine source in the form of higher molecular weight iodocarbons, and (3) source scenario 2 but with the release of all iodocarbons occurring in a region of high biological productivity, Based on one-dimensional model simulations, these three source scenarios resulted in estimated I-x (I-x =I + IO + HI + HOI + 2I(2)O(2) +INOx) yields for the upper troposphere of 0.5, 1.5, and 7 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), respectively. Of these, only at the 1.5 and 7 pptv level were meaningful enhancements in O-3 destruction estimated. Total column O-3 destruction for these cases averaged 6 and 30%, respectively. At present we believe the 1.5 pptv I-x source scenario to be more typical of the tropical marine environment; however, for specific regions of the Pacific (i.e., marine upwelling regions) and for specific seasons of the year, much higher levels might be experienced, Even so, significant uncertainties still remain in the proposed iodine chemistry. In particular, much uncertainty remains in the magnitude of the marine iodine source, In addition, several rate coefficients for gas phase processes need further investigating, as does the efficiency for removal of iodine due to aerosol scavenging processes. C1 DREXEL UNIV, DEPT CHEM, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV CALIF IRVINE, DEPT CHEM, IRVINE, CA 92717 USA. NOAA, AERON LAB, ENVIRONM RES LABS, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP Davis, D (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, SCH EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. RI McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013 NR 54 TC 218 Z9 222 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D1 BP 2135 EP 2147 DI 10.1029/95JD02727 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR616 UT WOS:A1996TR61600056 ER PT J AU Eberhard, J Villalta, PW Howard, CJ AF Eberhard, J Villalta, PW Howard, CJ TI Reaction of isopropyl peroxy radicals with NO over the temperature range 201-401 K SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RATE CONSTANTS; GAS-PHASE; KINETICS; OXYGEN; O-2 AB The rate constant for the gas-phase reaction of isopropyl peroxy radicals with NO has been measured over the temperature range of 201-401 K using chemical ionization mass spectrometric detection of the peroxy radical. The temperature dependent expression for the rate constant was found to be k(T) (2.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(-12) exp{(360 +/- 60)/T} cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) which gives a rate constant of k = (9.0 +/- 1.5) x 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) at 298 K. This value is a factor 1.8-2.6 higher than previous measurements. C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LABS,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. OI Villalta, Peter/0000-0002-0067-3083 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 18 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 993 EP 997 DI 10.1021/jp951824j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TQ279 UT WOS:A1996TQ27900009 ER PT J AU Wenthold, PG Hu, J Squires, RR Lineberger, WC AF Wenthold, PG Hu, J Squires, RR Lineberger, WC TI Photoelectron spectroscopy of the trimethylenemethane negative ion. The singlet-triplet splitting of trimethylenemethane SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID METHYLENECYCLOPROPANE REARRANGEMENT; ACTIVATION-ENERGY; GROUND-STATE; RING-CLOSURE; PATHWAY C1 PURDUE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 45 TC 132 Z9 132 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 17 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 2 BP 475 EP 476 DI 10.1021/ja9532547 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TQ269 UT WOS:A1996TQ26900026 ER PT J AU Rotter, LD Kaiser, DL Vaudin, MD AF Rotter, LD Kaiser, DL Vaudin, MD TI Anomalous second harmonic generation in BaTiO3 thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION AB We present data on second harmonic generation in as-grown BaTiO3 thin films, including the dependence of the second harmonic intensity on the incidence angle and on the polarization direction of the fundamental beam. The data indicate that the effective second harmonic generation coefficient in these films is unrelated to the crystallographic orientation of the BaTiO3 as determined by x-ray diffraction. We suggest as an alternative explanation electric-field-induced second harmonic generation. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Rotter, LD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 3 BP 310 EP 312 DI 10.1063/1.116069 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TP438 UT WOS:A1996TP43800011 ER PT J AU Montzka, SA Myers, RC Butler, JH Elkins, JW Lock, LT Clarke, AD Goldstein, AH AF Montzka, SA Myers, RC Butler, JH Elkins, JW Lock, LT Clarke, AD Goldstein, AH TI Observations of HFC-134a in the remote troposphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-RATES; DECREASE AB Hydrofluorocarbon-134a (CF3CH2F) has been detected and quantified in air samples collected at remote, globally dispersed locations. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry detection techniques, we have observed increases for HFC-134a throughout the global troposphere from <50 fmol mol(-1) (ppq) in the late 1980s to 1.6 pmol mol(-1) (ppt) in mid-1995. Results obtained from samples collected during two cruises in 1994 indicate that mixing ratios more than doubled during that year. Increases observed globally from early 1994 through mid-1995 are consistent. with exponential growth at similar to 100% yr(-1). C1 NOAA,CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. UNIV COLORADO,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RI Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; OI Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400 NR 21 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 169 EP 172 DI 10.1029/95GL03590 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA TQ467 UT WOS:A1996TQ46700015 ER PT J AU Bruno, TJ AF Bruno, TJ TI Simple and efficient methane-marker devices for chromatographic samples SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE retention times; hold-up times; methane-marker devices ID CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COLUMN DEAD TIME; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RETENTION INDEXES; HYDROCARBONS; PHASE AB Calculation of the most useful gas chromatographic retention parameters, such as net and specific retention volumes, relative retentions, and retention indices, requires that raw retention data be corrected for gas hold-up time or volume (sometimes called dead time or volume) of the chromatographic system. When a flame-ionization detector is used, a common technique (where it is physically appropriate) is to introduce methane into the sample as a marker to approximate unretained species to correct for hold-up. This is often done by bubbling methane (or natural gas) through the sample just before injection. In this paper, we describe two easily constructed devices that provide continuous release of methane into liquid samples, sustainable for several weeks or even months. This long-term feature makes the techniques especially suitable to extensive retention studies done at multiple temperatures on several stationary phases. Moreover, one of the devices described is applicable to commercially available automatic sampler vials. After a detailed description of the construction of the devices is provided, some applications are discussed. RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 721 IS 1 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00760-1 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TU187 UT WOS:A1996TU18700019 ER PT J AU Hermann, AJ Stabeno, PJ AF Hermann, AJ Stabeno, PJ TI An eddy-resolving model of circulation on the western Gulf of Alaska shelf .1. Model development and sensitivity analyses SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; SHELIKOF STRAIT; COASTAL CURRENT; TRANSPORT; LARVAL; FORMULATION; TOPOGRAPHY; GRADIENT; SIGMA; FLOW AB An eddy-resolving primitive equation model was used to simulate circulation on the shelf in the western Gulf of Alaska, This paper describes the development and sensitivity analysis of the model, while a companion paper [Stabeno and Hermann, this issue] demonstrates correspondence with measured currents in specific years. The model is initialized with a salinity field derived from local conductivity-temperature-depth surveys and forced with an idealized alongshore wind stress pattern. Buoyancy forcing is achieved by freshening the salinity field along a portion of the coastal wall. The model exhibits many of the patterns evident in observations, including mean flows and mesoscale eddies associated with the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC). Sensitivity studies suggest a strong dependence of the barotropic flux of the ACC on local winds and weak dependence on upstream buoyancy forcing. Both wind and buoyancy forcing significantly affect the generation of eddies. Strong northeasterly winds enhance cross-shelf flow of the ACC to the west of Shelikof Strait, where isobaths veer southward. Strong buoyancy forcing also favors cross-shelf flow in that region and enhances the formation of eddies. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,JOINT INST STUDY ATMOSPHERE & OCEANS,SEATTLE,WA. RP Hermann, AJ (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,BLDG 3,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C1 BP 1129 EP 1149 DI 10.1029/95JC02681 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA TQ792 UT WOS:A1996TQ79200016 ER PT J AU Stabeno, PJ Hermann, AJ AF Stabeno, PJ Hermann, AJ TI An eddy-resolving model of circulation on the western Gulf of Alaska shelf .2. Comparison of results to oceanographic observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SHELIKOF STRAIT; COASTAL CURRENT; STREAM; FLOW AB Currents generated by an eddy-resolving, semispectral primitive equation model are compared with those measured by moored current meters (1989 and 1991) and satellite-tracked drifting buoys (1987) from Shelikof Strait, Alaska. The model reproduced many of the dominant circulation features, including the cross-sectional spatial structure of the Alaskan Coastal Current, the estuarine inflow at the bottom of the sea valley, and the mean transport. The first-mode empirical orthogonal functions of the model and of the observed data represent similar spatial structures and were significantly correlated in time, While the model produced eddies (>20-km diameter) at a similar rate as observed, the timing did not generally match the observations. As a result, correlations between the measured currents and model-generated currents usually were not significant. Correlations between modeled and measured transport through the sea valley, however, were significant for both years. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,JOINT INST STUDY ATMOSPHERE & OCEANS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Stabeno, PJ (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,BLDG 3,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C1 BP 1151 EP 1161 DI 10.1029/95JC02682 PG 11 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA TQ792 UT WOS:A1996TQ79200017 ER PT J AU Fairall, CW Bradley, EF Godfrey, JS Wick, GA Edson, JB Young, GS AF Fairall, CW Bradley, EF Godfrey, JS Wick, GA Edson, JB Young, GS TI Cool-skin and warm-layer effects on sea surface temperature SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID UPPER OCEAN; DIFFERENCE; BULK AB To obtain bulk surface flux estimates approaching the +/-10 W m(-2) accuracy desired for the Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) program, bulk water temperature data from ships and buoys must be corrected for cool-skin and diurnal warm-layer effects. In this paper we describe two simple scaling models to estimate these corrections. The cool-skin model is based on the standard Saunders [1967] treatment, including the effects of solar radiation absorption, modified to include both shear-driven and convectively driven turbulence through their relative contributions to the near-surface turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate. Shear and convective effects are comparable at a wind speed of about 2.5 m s(-1). For the RN Moana Wave COARE data collected in the tropical western Pacific, the model gives an average cool skin of 0.30 K at night and an average local noon value of 0.18 K. The warm-layer model is based on a single-layer scaling version of a model by Price et al. [1986]. In this model, once solar heating of the ocean exceeds the combined cooling by turbulent scalar heat transfer and net longwave radiation, then the main body of the mixed layer is cut off from its source of turbulence. Thereafter, surface inputs of heat and momentum are confined to a depth D-T that is determined by the subsequent integrals of the heat and momentum. The model assumes linear profiles of temperature-induced and surface-stress-induced current in this ''warm layer.'' The model is shown to describe the peak afternoon warming and diurnal cycle of the warming quite accurately, on average, with a choice of a critical Richardson number of 0.65. For a clear day with a 10-m wind speed of 1 m s(-1), the peak afternoon warming is about 3.8 K with a warm-layer depth of 0.7 m, decreasing to about 0.2 K and 19 m at a wind speed of 7 m s(-1) For an average over 70 days sampled during COARE, the cool skin increases the average atmospheric heat input to the ocean by about 11 Wm(-2) (but the effect can be 50 m(-2) at midday). C1 CSIRO,CTR ENVIRONM MECH,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,DEPT APPL OCEAN PHYS & ENGN,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. CSIRO,DIV OCEANOG,HOBART,TAS 7001,AUSTRALIA. UNIV COLORADO,COLORADO CTR ASTRODYNAM RES,BOULDER,CO 80309. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT METEOROL,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP Fairall, CW (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Bradley, Frank/I-6574-2013 NR 23 TC 362 Z9 371 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C1 BP 1295 EP 1308 DI 10.1029/95JC03190 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA TQ792 UT WOS:A1996TQ79200028 ER PT J AU Horkay, F McKenna, GB AF Horkay, F McKenna, GB TI Simple presentation of network theory of rubber, with a discussion of other theories - Comments SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELASTICITY RP Horkay, F (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1 BP 5 EP 6 DI 10.1002/polb.1996.882 PG 2 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TL983 UT WOS:A1996TL98300003 ER PT J AU Xu, Q Gao, ST Fiedler, BH AF Xu, Q Gao, ST Fiedler, BH TI A theoretical study of cold air damming with upstream cold air inflow SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LAYER; STORM; FLOW; WIND AB The previously developed two-layer model of cold air damming is extended to include upstream cold air inflow. The upper layer is an isentropic cross-mountain flow. The lower layer is a cold boundary layer Bow partially blocked by a two-dimensional mountain with a cold dome formed on the windward side of the mountain. The interface represents a sloping inversion layer coupling the two layers. The shape of the interface can be approximated by a cubic polynomial, and the interfacial coupling condition yields a set of algebraic equations that quantify the scale and intensity of the dammed flow as functions of the external parameters characterizing the environmental conditions. It is found that the cold dome shrinks as the Froude number increases or, to a minor degree, as the Ekman number decreases or/and the upstream inflow veers from northeasterly to south-easterly (with respect to a longitudinal mountain to the west). The mountain-parallel jet speed increases as the Ekman number decreases or/and the upstream inflow veers from southeasterly to northeasterly or, to a minor degree, as the Froude number decreases. The theoretical results are qualitatively verified by numerical simulations with a full model and interpreted physically in comparison with the results of the previous two-layer model. It is also shown that our two-dimensional model may (or may not) be applied to a quasi-two-dimensional mountain ridge if the length scale of the ridge is (or is not) significantly larger than the Rossby radius of deformation multiplied by the inverse Froude number. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH METEOROL,NORMAN,OK 73019. RP Xu, Q (reprint author), UNIV OKLAHOMA,SARKEYS ENERGY CTR,COOPERAT INST MESOSCALE METEOROL STUDIES,NOAA,SUITE 1110,NORMAN,OK 73019, USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 312 EP 326 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<0312:ATSOCA>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TU445 UT WOS:A1996TU44500008 ER PT J AU Browning, GL Kreiss, HO AF Browning, GL Kreiss, HO TI Analysis of periodic updating for systems with multiple timescales SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OCEANOGRAPHIC FLOWS; EQUATIONS AB Current meteorological observational networks are capable of observing only a limited number of the dependent variables that describe the state of the atmosphere. For example, the large-scale temperature and horizontal wind are commonly observed, but not the large-scale vertical velocity. In the late 1960s, Charney suggested that any missing dependent variables might be reconstructed from the time history of the fields that are observed; for example, the winds could be reconstructed by continually inserting satellite observations of the temperature into a numerical weather prediction model. (Some modern weather prediction models are essentially still using this technique to reconstruct the missing variables.) Charney's hypothesis is analyzed for systems of equations with and without multiple timescales. In the absence of dissipation, the hypothesis is not correct. However, the addition of dissipation can produce convergence that varies in degree relative to the variables that are inserted and the amount of dissipation. The analysis of the insertion process for the multiple-timescale case proves that less dissipation is required and better rates of convergence are achieved in the case that the slow variables are inserted. The advantage of slow variable insertion is even more apparent when the system is skewed, for example, in the external mode case. An alternative approach that requires no dissipation is suggested. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,CIRA,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Browning, GL (reprint author), NOAA,ERL R E FS,FORECAST SYST LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 335 EP 348 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<0335:AOPUFS>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TU445 UT WOS:A1996TU44500010 ER PT J AU Lin, CC Jonnalagadda, SV Balsara, NP Han, CC Krishnamoorti, R AF Lin, CC Jonnalagadda, SV Balsara, NP Han, CC Krishnamoorti, R TI Thermodynamic interactions in multicomponent polymer blends SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID RANDOM-PHASE-APPROXIMATION; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; MIXTURES; COPOLYMERS; DYNAMICS AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to probe the thermodynamic interactions in multicomponent polymer blends including ternary blends containing two homopolymers and a block copolymer, mixtures of a homopolymer and a block copolymer, and a blend of two block copolymers. The polymers used for this study were model polyolefins-poly(ethylbutylene) and poly(methylbutylene) homopolymers and a poly(ethylbutylene)-block-poly(methylbutylene) copolymer. SANS profiles from homogeneous blends were measured over a wide range of blend composition, component molecular weights, and temperature. The Flory-Huggins interaction parameters, chi, in multicomponent mixtures were obtained from comparisons between the SANS data and theoretical predictions based on the multicomponent random phase approximation (RPA). At all temperatures, the multicomponent chi parameters were independent of blend composition, molecular weight and molecular architecture of the components. They were thus within experimental error of those obtained from binary homopolymer blends. All our measurements on this system are in agreement with the Flory-Huggins theory of polymer blends. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK, DEPT CHEM ENGN, BROOKLYN, NY 11201 USA. NIST, DIV POLYMERS, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. PRINCETON UNIV, DEPT CHEM ENGN, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. RI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/F-7914-2011 OI Krishnamoorti, Ramanan/0000-0001-5831-502X NR 40 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 2 BP 661 EP 669 DI 10.1021/ma951189f PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TQ379 UT WOS:A1996TQ37900021 ER PT J AU VanderHart, DL Hyatt, JA Atalla, RH Tirumalai, VC AF VanderHart, DL Hyatt, JA Atalla, RH Tirumalai, VC TI Solid-state C-13 NMR and Raman studies of cellulose triacetate: Oligomers, polymorphism, and inferences about chain polarity SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NATIVE CELLULOSE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; PACKING ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; RESOLUTION; POLYSACCHARIDES; TRANSFORMATION; ACETATES AB C-13 CPMAS NMR and Raman spectra have been taken for oligomers (DP = 2-9) and several preparations of cellulose triacetate (CTA). CTA exhibits polymorphism and the NMR spectra of the CTA(I) and CTA(II) allomorphs along with the spectrum of noncrystalline CTA have been isolated. Magnetic inequivalence within the unit cell of CTA(II) is greater than for CTA(I), indicating a lower symmetry in the CTA(II) unit cell. An attempt is made to correlate some of the NMR resonances with proposed X-ray crystal structures for each of these allomorphs. From both the Raman and the NMR spectra of the oligomers, in comparison with the different CTA preparations, it is determined that the pentamer and higher oligomers crystallize into the CTA(I) lattice. On the basis of the Raman spectra, it is argued that CTA(I) and CTA(II) are distinguished by backbone conformational differences. In a single attempt to explore the role of the solvent in determining the crystal habit of the oligomers, the pentamer persisted in the CTA(I) lattice even when crystallization took place in dibenzyl ether, the solvent out of which the CTA polymer forms CTA(II) crystallites. Based on these findings, an approach to obtaining a definitive crystal structure of CTA(I) would be to grow and perform a structural determination on a single crystal of an oligomer of DP > 4. Spectra of these oligomers indicated partial crystallinity; hence, care must be taken in growing single crystals. Since it is known that there is a correlation between the allomorphs of CTA formed by heterogeneous acetylation and the allomorphs of the precursor, cellulose, and since there are still points of ambiguity regarding the crystal structures of the allomorphs of cellulose and CTA, the topic of chain polarity (directionality) is addressed herein. As a contribution to the dialogue on the structure of these materials, we present plausibility arguments, i.e., not definitive arguments, that CTA(I) has parallel and CTA(II) antiparallel chain character. C1 EASTMAN CHEM CO,RES LABS,KINGSPORT,TN 37662. US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RP VanderHart, DL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 2 BP 730 EP 739 DI 10.1021/ma9501860 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA TQ379 UT WOS:A1996TQ37900030 ER PT J AU Steinbach, A Rauner, M Cruz, FC Berquist, JC AF Steinbach, A Rauner, M Cruz, FC Berquist, JC TI CW second harmonic generation with elliptical Gaussian beams SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY; CAVITY; LASER AB We present a study of the efficiency and optimization of cw second harmonic generation by elliptical Gaussian laser beams. Elliptical focusing slightly improves conversion efficiency and reduces crystal damage risk when heavy walk-off is present. Single-pass measurements of the efficiency for doubling 515-nm radiation in beta-barium berate (BBO) agree with theory. Thermal effects, caused by radiation absorption, limit the doubling efficiency of single-frequency radiation in an external enhancement ring cavity. RP Steinbach, A (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Cruz, Flavio/A-6346-2012 OI Cruz, Flavio/0000-0003-3995-7910 NR 17 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JAN 15 PY 1996 VL 123 IS 1-3 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0030-4018(95)00626-5 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA TZ375 UT WOS:A1996TZ37500035 ER PT J AU Butler, PD Magid, LJ Hamilton, WA Hayter, JB Hammouda, B Kreke, PJ AF Butler, PD Magid, LJ Hamilton, WA Hayter, JB Hammouda, B Kreke, PJ TI Kinetics of alignment and decay in a highly entangled transient threadlike micellar network studied by small-angle neutron scattering SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID RODLIKE MICELLES; SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS; SHEAR-FLOW; BEHAVIOR AB We report on a study of the kinetics of alignment and decay of alignment, using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), of a complex fluid under Couette shear containing a highly entangled network of threadlike micelles. The time scales of alignment revealed are dominated by the collective properties of the network rather than the individual micellar segments. This results in rates orders of magnitude slower than any previously observed in similar systems as well as in the first observation of an alignment proceeding in two stages. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Butler, PD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 11 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 442 EP 445 DI 10.1021/jp9522977 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TP942 UT WOS:A1996TP94200002 ER PT J AU Johnson, JM Satake, K Holdahl, SR Sauber, J AF Johnson, JM Satake, K Holdahl, SR Sauber, J TI The 1964 Prince William Sound earthquake: Joint inversion of tsunami and geodetic data SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID GREAT EARTHQUAKES; SUBDUCTION ZONES; P-WAVES; ALASKA; PLATE AB The 1964 Prince William Sound (Alaska) earthquake, M(w) = 9.2, ruptured a large area beneath the continental margin of Alaska from Prince William Sound to Kodiak Island. A joint inversion of tsunami waveforms and geodetic data, consisting of vertical displacements and horizontal vectors, gives a detailed slip distribution. Two areas of high slip correspond to seismologically determined areas of high moment release: the Prince William Sound asperity with average slip of 18 m and the Kodiak asperity with average slip of 10 m. The average slip on the fault is 8.6 m and the seismic moment is estimated as 6.3 x 10(22) N m, or over 75% of the seismic moment determined from long-period surface waves. C1 NOAA, NATL OCEAN SERV, COAST & GEODET SURVEY, NATL GEODET SURVEY, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA. NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, TERR PHYS LAB, GEODYNAM BRANCH, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP Johnson, JM (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT GEOL SCI, 2534 CC LITTLE BLDG, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. RI Satake, Kenji/E-2312-2011; Sauber, Jeanne/D-7684-2012 OI Satake, Kenji/0000-0002-3368-3085; NR 36 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1996 VL 101 IS B1 BP 523 EP 532 DI 10.1029/95JB02806 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TQ276 UT WOS:A1996TQ27600002 ER PT J AU Emenhiser, C Englert, G Sander, LC Ludwig, B Schwartz, SJ AF Emenhiser, C Englert, G Sander, LC Ludwig, B Schwartz, SJ TI Isolation and structural elucidation of the predominant geometrical isomers of alpha-carotene SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CIS-TRANS-ISOMERS; LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; BETA-CAROTENE; HUMAN PLASMA; SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE; CONJUGATED CHAIN; HPLC SEPARATION; SINGLET OXYGEN AB The recent development and application of a polymeric C-30 stationary phase have given unique separations of cis-trans carotenoid isomers in reversed-phase (RP) liquid chromatography (LC) owing to the exceptional shape selectivity of this stationary phase. In the present research, several geometrical isomers of alpha-carotene were at least partially resolved from a photo-isomerized mixture when chromatographed on a 3-mu m polymeric C-30 column. Double bond configurations of the five predominant cu-carotene peaks, as isolated on a semi-preparative C-30 column, were unambiguously assigned using H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, giving the following order of elution: 13-cis, 13'-cis, all-trans, 9-cis, and 9'-cis geometrical forms. Electronic absorption spectra for these isomers were in agreement with the identification of peaks. The alpha-carotene isomers separated and identified herein had not been previously resolved in RPLC. Confirmation of the structures of geometrical alpha-carotene isomers will aid further studies on the possible physiological roles of these compounds in biological tissues. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. F HOFFMANN LA ROCHE & CO LTD,PHARMACEUT RES,CH-4002 BASEL,SWITZERLAND. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. F HOFFMANN LA ROCHE & CO LTD,VITAMINS & FINE CHEM DIV,CH-4002 BASEL,SWITZERLAND. OI Schwartz, Steven/0000-0002-1427-5780 NR 46 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 8 PY 1996 VL 719 IS 2 BP 333 EP 343 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00713-X PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TR005 UT WOS:A1996TR00500009 PM 8581121 ER PT J AU Vanderah, TA Loezos, JM Roth, RS AF Vanderah, TA Loezos, JM Roth, RS TI Magnetic dielectric oxides: Subsolidus phase relations in the BaO:Fe2O3:TiO2 system SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EQUILIBRIA; CHEMISTRY; BAO-TIO2; BA2FE2O5; FERRITE AB The BaO-Fe2O3-TiO2 ternary phase diagram has been investigated at 1250-1270 degrees C in air. X-ray diffraction studies of approximately 150 polycrystalline specimens at room temperature confirmed the existence of sixteen ternary compounds. Two of these compounds, BaFe4Ti2O11 and Ba12Fe28Ti15O84, were previously reported, four were found to be isostructural with known chemically similar compounds, and ten apparently adopt new structure-types. The crystal structures of five of the new ternary phases are briefly described. The oxidation state of iron found in this study is similar to that reported for a study of the BaO-Fe2O3-SnO2 system in air at 1200 degrees C. No indications of reduction of Fe3+ of Fe2+ were observed; however, oxidation to Fe4+ was clearly indicated in an extensive solid solution BaTi1-xFexO3-z, x = 0.06 --> 0.84, with the hexagonal BaTiO3 structure. Substantial solid solution regions were also found for the hollandite-type structure (BaxFe2xTi8-ZxO16, X = 1.07 --> 1.33), and for TiO2 dissolved in the BaFe12O19 structure (end member BaFe10.8Ti0.9O19). The complexity of the BaOFe12O3-TiO2 system is attributed to the coordinative versatility of Fe3+ in a close-packed O/Ba-O matrix and the resulting opportunity to form a wide variety of layered structures with different stacking sequences and distortions from ideal packing. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. RP Vanderah, TA (reprint author), NIST,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 61 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JAN 5 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 1 BP 38 EP 50 DI 10.1006/jssc.1996.0006 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TW062 UT WOS:A1996TW06200006 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZY Monks, PS Stief, LJ Liebman, JF Huie, RE Kuo, SC Klemm, RV AF Zhang, ZY Monks, PS Stief, LJ Liebman, JF Huie, RE Kuo, SC Klemm, RV TI Experimental determination of the ionization energy of IO(X(2)Pi(3/2)) and estimations of Delta H-f degrees(0)(IO+) and PA(IO) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON RESONANCE SPECTRA; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION SPECTRUM; IO; BRO; PHOTODISSOCIATION; KINETICS; RADICALS; CF3I AB Photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra of IO(X(2) Pi(i)) were measured over the wavelength range lambda = 115.0-130.0 nm and in the ionization threshold region lambda = 126.0-130.0 nm, using a discharge flow-photoionization mass spectrometer apparatus coupled to a synchrotron radiation source. Iodine oxide was generated by the reactions of O(P-3) atoms with I-2 and CF3I. The PIE spectra displayed step-function behavior. From the half-rise point of the initial step, a value of 9.73(5) +/- 0.01(7) eV was obtained for the adiabatic ionization energy IE) of IO, corresponding to the IO+(X(3) Sigma(-)) <-- IO(X(2) Pi(3/2)) transition. As this appears to be the first experimental determination of IE(IO), a trend analysis has been employed to provide further insight into the experimentally derived value. The separation between the first two steps in the PIE spectrum (which might be perturbed slightly due to autoionization) was used to derive the vibrational spacing of the cation, 1060 +/- 160 cm(-1). A Rydberg progression, presumably converging to the excited (1) Delta state of the cation, has a convergence limit that lies 0.596 eV above the ground state of the cation. A selected value for the bond dissociation energy of IO, D-0(o)(IO) = 226 kJ mol(-1), leads to Delta(f)H(0)(o)(IO) = 128 i 4 kJ mol(-1). From this value for the heat of formation of IO, estimates are made for Delta(f)H(0)(o)(IO+), Delta(f)H(0)(o)(HOI) and the proton affinity of IO. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,EXTRATERR PHYS LAB CODE 690,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NIST,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Huie, Robert/A-5645-2010; Monks, Paul/H-6468-2016 OI Monks, Paul/0000-0001-9984-4390 NR 65 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 63 EP 68 DI 10.1021/jp952405p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900012 ER PT J AU Huey, LG Villalta, PW Dunlea, EJ Hanson, DR Howard, CJ AF Huey, LG Villalta, PW Dunlea, EJ Hanson, DR Howard, CJ TI Reactions of CF3O- with atmospheric trace gases SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRAJECTORY CALCULATIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ANTARCTIC OZONE; NITRIC-ACID; RADICALS; STRATOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; HNO3 AB The rate coefficients and product yields for the reactions of CF3O- with ClONO2, HNO3, HCl, N2O5, So(2), HI, and H2O were measured at 295 K and similar to 0.4 Torr using the flowing afterglow technique. The reactions of CF3O- with HO(2)NO2 and H2SO4 were also studied qualitatively. CF3O- reacts rapidly with ClONO2, HO2NO2, SO2, and HCl by only fluoride transfer and with HNO3, HI, and H2SO4 by both fluoride and proton transfer. CF3O- also reacts with HI to form IF2- and with N2O5 to produce NO3-. CF3O- undergoes a slow clustering reaction with H2O and is transformed within water clusters into F-. HF and F-.(HF)(2). CF3O- is unreactive with CH3NO3, CH3C(O)O2NO2, O-3, NO2, CO2, and O-2. These results demonstrate that CF3O- is an excellent candidate as a reagent ion for the selective detection of ClONO2, HCl, and HNO3 in the upper troposphere and stratosphere with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer. The observed reaction of CF3O- with H(2)0 within water clusters indicates that CF3O- will hydrolyze in aqueous solution to form F-, HF, and CO2. This provides insight into the mechanism for the heterogeneous loss of CF3OH in the atmosphere. C1 UNIV COLORADO,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Huey, LG (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. OI Villalta, Peter/0000-0002-0067-3083 NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 190 EP 194 DI 10.1021/jp951928u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900030 ER PT J AU George, MW Dougherty, TP Heilweil, EJ AF George, MW Dougherty, TP Heilweil, EJ TI UV photochemistry of [CpFe(CO)(2)](2) (Cp=eta(5)-C-5H5) studied by picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID METAL-METAL BONDS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PHOTOLYSIS; DINUCLEAR; CARBONYLS AB Picosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy has been used to investigate the primary UV photochemistry of [CpFe(CO)(2)](2) (Cp=eta(5)-C5H5) in alkane solution at room temperature. We show that the triply bridged intermediate, CpFe(mu-CO)(3)FeCp, is formed within 10 ps. We observe a new intermediate with a v(CO) band at 1908 cm(-1) that reacts at a diffusion-controlled rate (k=(1.3+/-1.0) (2 sigma) x 10(10) s(-1)) with THF to form Cp(CO)Fe(mu-CO)(2)Fe(THF)Cp. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP George, MW (reprint author), UNIV NOTTINGHAM,DEPT CHEM,UNIV PK,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD,ENGLAND. NR 24 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 4 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1021/jp952027o PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TN839 UT WOS:A1996TN83900032 ER PT J AU Dizdaroglu, M Zastawny, TH Carmical, JR Lloyd, RS AF Dizdaroglu, M Zastawny, TH Carmical, JR Lloyd, RS TI A novel DNA N-glycosylase activity of E-coli T4 endonuclease V that excises 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine from DNA, a UV-radiation- and hydroxyl radical-induced product of adenine SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine; DNA repair; hydroxyl radical; mutagenesis; UV-radiation ID BASE DAMAGE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; HUMAN-CELLS; CHROMATIN; LESIONS; CANCER; BREAST AB We report on a novel activity of T4 endonuclease V. This enzyme is well known to be specific for the excision of pyrimidine dimers from UV-irradiated DNA. In this work, we show that T4 endonuclease V excises 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine from DNA. 4,6-Diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine is formed as a product of adenine in DNA upon action of hydroxyl radicals and upon UV-irradiation. DNA substrates were prepared by UV-or gamma-irradiation of DNA in aqueous solution. DNA substrates were incubated either with active T4 endonuclease V or with heat-inactivated T4 endonuclease V or without the enzyme. After incubation, DNA was precipitated and supernatant fractions were separated. Supernatant fractions after derivatization, and pellets after hydrolysis and derivatization were analyzed by gas chromatography/isotopedilution mass spectrometry. The results provide evidence for the excision of 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine by T4 endonuclease V from both gamma-and UV-irradiated DNA. Kinetics of excision were also determined. Fifteen other pyrimidine- and purine-derived base lesions that were identified in DNA samples were not substrates for this enzyme. It was concluded that, in addition to its well known activity for pyrimidine photodimers, T4 endonuclease V possesses an N-glycosylase activity for a major UV-radiation- and hydroxyl radical-induced monomeric product in DNA. C1 MED ACAD,DEPT CLIN BIOCHEM,PL-85094 BYDGOSZCZ,POLAND. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,SEALY CTR MOLEC SCI,GALVESTON,TX 77555. RP Dizdaroglu, M (reprint author), NIST,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,BLDG 222-A353,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04091] NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8777 J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair PD JAN 2 PY 1996 VL 362 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/0921-8777(95)00025-9 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA TP869 UT WOS:A1996TP86900001 PM 8538641 ER PT J AU Rothfusz, LP Johnson, JT Safford, LC McLaughlin, MR Rinard, SK AF Rothfusz, LP Johnson, JT Safford, LC McLaughlin, MR Rinard, SK GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The Olympic weather support system SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NWS FORECAST OFF,PEACHTREE CITY,GA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 1 EP 6 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00001 ER PT J AU Rothfusz, LP Noffsinger, J Peroutka, M Schotz, S Johnson, JT AF Rothfusz, LP Noffsinger, J Peroutka, M Schotz, S Johnson, JT GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Weather information display, analysis and product generation tools used in support of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games: Daily forecasts SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NWS FORECAST OFF,PEACHTREE CITY,GA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 7 EP 12 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00002 ER PT B AU Johnson, JT DiMego, G Molenar, D Rothfusz, LP Snook, J Stamus, PA AF Johnson, JT DiMego, G Molenar, D Rothfusz, LP Snook, J Stamus, PA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Weather information display, analysis and product generation tools used for support of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games: Mesoscale analysis tools SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 13 EP 16 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00003 ER PT J AU Johnson, JT Eilts, MD Rothfusz, LP AF Johnson, JT Eilts, MD Rothfusz, LP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Weather information display, analysis and product generation tools used for support of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games: Warning tools SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 17 EP 21 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00004 ER PT J AU Rothfusz, LP Johnson, JT Rinard, SK AF Rothfusz, LP Johnson, JT Rinard, SK GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Training forecasters on the use of new weather technology in support of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NWS FORECAST OFF,PEACHTREE CITY,GA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 22 EP 25 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00005 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Garza, C Rinard, SK Rothfusz, LP AF McLaughlin, MR Garza, C Rinard, SK Rothfusz, LP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Meeting weather information needs of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games: Strategies, experiences and observations SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NWS,SO REG HEADQUARTERS,FT WORTH,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 26 EP 31 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00006 ER PT J AU Snook, JS AF Snook, JS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Local domain forecasting support to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 32 EP 35 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00007 ER PT J AU Stamus, PA AF Stamus, PA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Providing weather support to the 1996 Summer Olympic Games with the Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 36 EP 39 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00008 ER PT B AU Kelley, HL Dragomir, J Sparkman, B AF Kelley, HL Dragomir, J Sparkman, B GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Development efforts and operations of risc based laptops for remote locations SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,ANCHORAGE,AK 99513. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00011 ER PT B AU Sparkman, WL AF Sparkman, WL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Distribution of weather service data in today's computing environment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,ANCHORAGE,AK 99513. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 51 EP 54 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00012 ER PT B AU Christopherson, D AF Christopherson, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Decision assistance tools, artificial intelligence techniques, and ARONET SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,FAIRBANKS,AK 99701. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 55 EP 58 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00013 ER PT B AU Lingaas, J Gilkey, K Christopherson, D AF Lingaas, J Gilkey, K Christopherson, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Interactive computer generation of forecasts and warnings on ARONET SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,FAIRBANKS,AK 99701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 59 EP 63 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00014 ER PT B AU Brader, J Lingaas, J Christopherson, D AF Brader, J Lingaas, J Christopherson, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI ARONET decision assistance tools: Using artificial intelligence to forecast air pollution for the Fairbanks North Star Borough SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,FAIRBANKS,AK 99701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 64 EP 69 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00015 ER PT B AU Gilkey, K Christopherson, D AF Gilkey, K Christopherson, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The Alaska Region Operations Network (ARONET): The past, the present, and the future SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,FAIRBANKS,AK 99701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 70 EP 75 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00016 ER PT B AU Christopherson, D AF Christopherson, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Electronic document distribution, online help, and user documentation on ARONET SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,FAIRBANKS,AK 99701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 76 EP 80 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00017 ER PT B AU Hankin, S Harrison, DE Osborne, J Davison, J OBrien, K AF Hankin, S Harrison, DE Osborne, J Davison, J OBrien, K GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Remote and local visualization and analysis with the Ferret program SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 139 EP 144 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00035 ER PT J AU Molenar, D Schrab, KJ Purdom, JFW Gosden, H AF Molenar, D Schrab, KJ Purdom, JFW Gosden, H GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI RAMSDIS in digital satellite data training and analysis SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,FT COLLINS,CO. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 160 EP 163 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00039 ER PT J AU Hart, L Rodriguez, THB AF Hart, L Rodriguez, THB GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI From workstations to MPPs: Software for portable parallelization of NWP models SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 164 EP 169 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00040 ER PT J AU Henderson, T Hart, L Rodriguez, B AF Henderson, T Hart, L Rodriguez, B GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Massively parallel processing technology in a quasi-operational environment SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 170 EP 175 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00041 ER PT J AU Wier, SK Wakefield, JS AF Wier, SK Wakefield, JS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Using numerical model output to provide initial forecasts of surface weather for the AFPS SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 176 EP 179 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00042 ER PT J AU Williams, S Davis, D AF Williams, S Davis, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The development of the WFO-Advanced hydrometeorological workstation SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 180 EP 185 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00043 ER PT J AU Edwards, GJ AF Edwards, GJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Implementation of the data acquisition component of the WFO-Advanced 2-d display (D2D) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 186 EP 189 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00044 ER PT J AU MacDonald, AE Wakefield, JS AF MacDonald, AE Wakefield, JS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI WFO-Advanced: An AWIPS-like prototype forecaster workstation SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 190 EP 193 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00045 ER PT J AU Mathewson, MA AF Mathewson, MA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Using the AWIPS Forecast Preparation System (AFPS) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NSW,OSD,ADDL,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 194 EP 197 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00046 ER PT J AU Roberts, WF Kucera, PC Lusk, CM Walker, DC Johnson, LE AF Roberts, WF Kucera, PC Lusk, CM Walker, DC Johnson, LE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI 1995 real-time forecast exercise for WFO-Advanced SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 198 EP 201 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00047 ER PT J AU Grote, UH Kahn, R AF Grote, UH Kahn, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Using risc-based architecture and distributed network design in the development of the WFO-Advanced workstation SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 202 EP 206 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00048 ER PT J AU Subramaniam, C AF Subramaniam, C GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Adding a surveillance subsystem to the Emergency Management Decision Support (EMDS) system. SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 207 EP 212 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00049 ER PT B AU Govett, MW AF Govett, MW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Merging GTS and NCDC radiosonde data at the Forecast Systems Laboratory SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. RI Govett, Mark/H-2363-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 213 EP 215 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00050 ER PT J AU Schultz, P AF Schultz, P GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Local data analysis and the mesoscale model on the WFO-Advanced workstation SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 216 EP 219 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00051 ER PT J AU Minton, RL AF Minton, RL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Managing real-time meteorological data processing at FSL the NIMBUS process manager - Two years later SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 220 EP 225 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00052 ER PT J AU Oberfield, MG AF Oberfield, MG GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Creation of aviation forecasts from a digital database SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF SYST DEV,TECHN DEV LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 247 EP 251 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00058 ER PT J AU Sherretz, L Rodgers, D Olson, R AF Sherretz, L Rodgers, D Olson, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Enabling NCEP aviation forecasters to edit grids generated by the aviation gridded forecast system SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 252 EP 255 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00059 ER PT J AU Bellue, DG Batson, KB Oram, TD AF Bellue, DG Batson, KB Oram, TD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Forecasting upper winds for the space shuttle SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SPACEFLIGHT METEOROL GRP,JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 256 EP 260 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00060 ER PT J AU Horvitz, AH AF Horvitz, AH GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The national weather service climate data continuity project SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,METEOROL OFF,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 278 EP 278 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00066 ER PT J AU Bercal, TE Fineran, D Ashby, RW Wilson, E AF Bercal, TE Fineran, D Ashby, RW Wilson, E GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI National Weather Service's National Transition Database SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 297 EP 302 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00070 ER PT J AU Phillips, RS Purdom, JFW AF Phillips, RS Purdom, JFW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The use of computer based tutorials as a part of GOES-8 and GOES-9 training SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,OFF RES & APPLICAT,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 315 EP 317 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00073 ER PT J AU Peterlin, A Zimmerman, JR AF Peterlin, A Zimmerman, JR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Hydrologic services in the modernized national weather service SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF HYDROL,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 356 EP 358 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00082 ER PT J AU Brazille, AW Murdock, RA Allison, JJ AF Brazille, AW Murdock, RA Allison, JJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The implementation of a WWW interface to the CODIAC system SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LABS,OFF FIELD PROJECT SUPPORT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 387 EP 392 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00090 ER PT B AU Mock, DR Hankin, S Baker, CB Davison, J Searight, K AF Mock, DR Hankin, S Baker, CB Davison, J Searight, K GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The cooperative ocean-atmosphere research data service (COARDS): A virtual data center on the World Wide Web SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LABS,CLIMATE DIAGNOST CTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 393 EP 396 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00091 ER PT B AU Hagemeyer, BC Carney, JC AF Hagemeyer, BC Carney, JC GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Florida weather history interactive resource library (WHIRL) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,MELBOURNE,FL 32935. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 431 EP 434 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00101 ER PT J AU Zitzmann, FR AF Zitzmann, FR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The national weather service telecommunication gateway, an overview SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 508 EP 512 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00120 ER PT J AU Fenix, JLR AF Fenix, JLR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The National Weather Service Gateway a history in communications technology evolution SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 513 EP 516 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00121 ER PT J AU Thigpen, RK AF Thigpen, RK GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The ASOS Operations and Monitoring Center - A unique view of ASOS SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 517 EP 519 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00122 ER PT J AU Lojek, DH AF Lojek, DH GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An overview of the ASOS maintenance and support system SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 520 EP 523 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00123 ER PT J AU Brockman, WE AF Brockman, WE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Operation of the world area forecast system (WAFS) SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 524 EP 527 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00124 ER PT J AU Thigpen, RK AF Thigpen, RK GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The AWIPS Network Control Facility SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 528 EP 530 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00125 ER PT J AU Irvin, LE Fenix, JLR AF Irvin, LE Fenix, JLR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The global aspects of data management SO 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERACTIVE INFORMATION AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS (IIPS) FOR METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY, AND HYDROLOGY: JOINT SESSION WITH FIFTH SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography, and Hydrology/5th Symposium on Education CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 531 EP 532 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BF41N UT WOS:A1996BF41N00126 ER PT J AU Reinking, RF Matrosov, SY Bruintjes, RT AF Reinking, RF Matrosov, SY Bruintjes, RT GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Ice and liquid hydrometeor identification with elliptical polarization radar: Applications to precipitation enhancement SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PLANNED AND INADVERTENT WEATHER MODIFICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ERL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 172 EP 179 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41Q UT WOS:A1996BF41Q00033 ER PT J AU Orr, BW Klimowski, BA AF Orr, BW Klimowski, BA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Dispersion characteristics of ground-based cloud seeding in mountainous terrain SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PLANNED AND INADVERTENT WEATHER MODIFICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ERL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 184 EP 189 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41Q UT WOS:A1996BF41Q00035 ER PT J AU Antolik, MS AF Antolik, MS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Toward an objective NGM-based expected-value quantitative precipitation forecast system SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences CY FEB 21-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,TECHNIQUES DEV LAB,OFF SYST DEV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. RP Antolik, MS (reprint author), 1325 EAST WEST HIGHWAY,RM 10378,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 57 EP 64 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BH10R UT WOS:A1996BH10R00011 ER PT J AU Reap, RM AF Reap, RM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Probability forecasts of clear-air-turbulence for the contiguous US SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences CY FEB 21-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF SYST DEV,TECHNIQUES DEV LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD. RP Reap, RM (reprint author), 1325 EAST WEST HIGHWAY,RM 10380,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 66 EP 71 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BH10R UT WOS:A1996BH10R00012 ER PT J AU Barnston, AG Smith, TM AF Barnston, AG Smith, TM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Statistical prediction of global continental temperature and precipitation to a year in advance using global SST SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences CY FEB 21-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Barnston, AG (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR WNP51,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 133 EP 140 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BH10R UT WOS:A1996BH10R00025 ER PT J AU Croley, TE Kunkel, KE AF Croley, TE Kunkel, KE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Application of the new NWS climate outlook in operational hydrology SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences CY FEB 21-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. RP Kunkel, KE (reprint author), ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,MIDWEST CLIMATE CTR,2204 GRIFFITH DR,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 231 EP 238 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BH10R UT WOS:A1996BH10R00042 ER PT J AU Unger, DA AF Unger, DA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Skill assessment strategies for screening regression predictions based on a small sample size SO 13TH CONFERENCE ON PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences CY FEB 21-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Unger, DA (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 260 EP 267 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BH10R UT WOS:A1996BH10R00048 ER PT B AU Walton, GN Persily, AK AF Walton, GN Persily, AK GP AIR INFILTRAT & VENTILAT CTR TI CONTAM96: A multizone airflow and contaminant dispersal model with a graphical user interface SO 17TH AIVC CONFERENCE - OPTIMUM VENTILATION AND AIR FLOW CONTROL IN BUILDING, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th AIVC Conference on Optimum Ventilation and Air Flow Control in Buildings CY SEP 17-20, 1996 CL GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN SP Air Infiltrat & Ventilat Ctr RP Walton, GN (reprint author), NIST,BLDG 226,ROOM A313,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AIR INFILTRATION & VENTILATIONCENTRE PI COVENTRY PA UNIV WARWICK SCIENCE PARK SOVEREIGN COURT SIR WILLIAM LYONS RD, COVENTRY, ENGLAND CV4 7EZ BN 0-946075-90-5 PY 1996 BP 353 EP 354 PG 2 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BH12W UT WOS:A1996BH12W00037 ER PT J AU Hales, JE Vescio, MD AF Hales, JE Vescio, MD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The March 1994 Tornado outbreak in the Southeast US. ''The forecast process from an SPC perspective'' SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Hales, JE (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,STORM PREDICT CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 32 EP 36 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00007 ER PT B AU Conway, JW Brooks, HE Hondl, KD AF Conway, JW Brooks, HE Hondl, KD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The 17 August 1994 Lahoma, OK supercell: Issues of tornadogenesis and bow echo formation SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Conway, JW (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,CIMMS,ERL,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00011 ER PT J AU MacGorman, DR Filiaggi, MT Hondl, KD AF MacGorman, DR Filiaggi, MT Hondl, KD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Cloud-to-ground lightning in the Lahoma, Oklahoma storm of 17 August 1994 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP MacGorman, DR (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,COOPERAT INST MESOSCALE METEOROL STUDIES,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 57 EP 59 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00012 ER PT J AU Calianese, EJ Moller, AR Curran, EB AF Calianese, EJ Moller, AR Curran, EB GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A WSR-88D analysis of a cool season, elevated high-precipitation supercell SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Calianese, EJ (reprint author), NOAA,NWSFO,3401 NO CROSS BLVD,FT WORTH,TX 76137, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 96 EP 100 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00021 ER PT J AU Trapp, RJ Gibson, O Rasmussen, EN AF Trapp, RJ Gibson, O Rasmussen, EN GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A comparison of tornadic and non-tornadic storms during vortex SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Trapp, RJ (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 106 EP 109 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00023 ER PT J AU Ziegler, CL Rasmussen, EN Watson, AI Geiszler, DA AF Ziegler, CL Rasmussen, EN Watson, AI Geiszler, DA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A study of the inhibition of deep, moist convection at the dryline during the VORTEX project SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Ziegler, CL (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,MESOSCALE RES & APPL DIV,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 110 EP 114 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00024 ER PT J AU Watson, AI Trapp, RJ Shepherd, TR Daugherty, JR Rasmussen, EN Ziegler, CL Straka, JM AF Watson, AI Trapp, RJ Shepherd, TR Daugherty, JR Rasmussen, EN Ziegler, CL Straka, JM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The Dimmitt, Texas mesocyclone and tornado as seen by the NOAA P-3 during VORTEX-95 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Watson, AI (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 124 EP 127 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00027 ER PT J AU Daugherty, JR Watson, AI Shepherd, TR Ziegler, CL AF Daugherty, JR Watson, AI Shepherd, TR Ziegler, CL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The evolution of tornadic supercells during VORTEX-95 as observed by the NOAA P-3 lower fuselage C-band radar SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Daugherty, JR (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NC,MRD,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 128 EP 132 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00028 ER PT B AU Brooks, HE Doswell, CA Carr, MT Ruthford, JE AF Brooks, HE Doswell, CA Carr, MT Ruthford, JE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Preliminary analysis of soundings from VORTEX-95 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Brooks, HE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00029 ER PT J AU Weaver, JF Purdom, JFW Doswell, CA AF Weaver, JF Purdom, JFW Doswell, CA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A preliminary look at the Ardmore, OK tornado of 7 May 1995 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Weaver, JF (reprint author), NOAA,NESDIS,RAMM BRANCH,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00030 ER PT B AU Phillips, GL Lipe, JW AF Phillips, GL Lipe, JW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Integrating the use of the WSR-88D with other data sources during the severe convective events of 25 May 1994 in West Texas SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Phillips, GL (reprint author), NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,2579 S LOOP 289,SUITE 100,LUBBOCK,TX 79423, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 149 EP 152 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00033 ER PT J AU Brooks, HE Doswell, CA Janish, P Meitin, J AF Brooks, HE Doswell, CA Janish, P Meitin, J GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Logistical support for VORTEX-95 forecasting and data archival SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Brooks, HE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 161 EP 164 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00036 ER PT J AU Witt, A AF Witt, A GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The relationship between low-elevation WSR-88D reflectivity and hail at the ground using precipitation observations from the VORTEX project SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Witt, A (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 183 EP 185 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00041 ER PT J AU Stensrud, DJ AF Stensrud, DJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Regional features important to the development of severe thunderstorms in the desert southwest SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Stensrud, DJ (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 221 EP 224 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00050 ER PT B AU Cortinas, JV AF Cortinas, JV GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Comparing NCEP's 'Early' Eta and Meso Eta models for three severe convective events SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Cortinas, JV (reprint author), NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 250 EP 254 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00056 ER PT J AU Ziegler, CL Lee, TJ Pielke, RA AF Ziegler, CL Lee, TJ Pielke, RA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Simulations of deep, moist convection at the dryline with a 3-D mesoscale model SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Ziegler, CL (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,MESOSCALE RES & APPLICAT DIV,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 273 EP 277 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00061 ER PT B AU Edwards, R Weiss, SJ AF Edwards, R Weiss, SJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Comparisons between Gulf of Mexico sea surface temperature anomalies and southern US severe thunderstorm frequency in the cool season SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Edwards, R (reprint author), STORM PREDICT CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 317 EP 320 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00071 ER PT B AU Fike, PC AF Fike, PC GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Synoptic environments associated with nocturnal severe local storm outbreaks SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Fike, PC (reprint author), AVIAT WEATHER CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 325 EP 329 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00073 ER PT B AU Sharp, D Hodanish, S AF Sharp, D Hodanish, S GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A survey of supercells over East Central Florida - Documentation of the 03 May 1994 severe weather episode SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Sharp, D (reprint author), NATL WEATHER SERV,421 CROTON RD,MELBOURNE,FL 32935, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 335 EP 339 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00075 ER PT J AU Cammarata, M McCaul, EW Buechler, D AF Cammarata, M McCaul, EW Buechler, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Observations of shallow supercells during a major tornado outbreak spawned by tropical storm beryl SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,COLUMBIA,SC. RP McCaul, EW (reprint author), UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,4950 CORP DR,SUITE 100,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35806, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 340 EP 343 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00076 ER PT B AU Polston, KL AF Polston, KL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Synoptic patterns and environmental conditions associated with very large (4'' and greater) hail events SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Polston, KL (reprint author), NATL WEATHER SERV,KANSAS CITY,MO, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 349 EP 356 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00078 ER PT B AU Vescio, MD Weiss, SJ AF Vescio, MD Weiss, SJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An assessment of the eta model's performance during the tornado outbreak associated with tropical storm beryl SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Vescio, MD (reprint author), STORM PREDICT CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 357 EP 361 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00079 ER PT B AU Thompson, RL AF Thompson, RL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Supercell tornado forecasts derived from eta model storm-relative winds SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Thompson, RL (reprint author), STORM PREDICT CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 362 EP 366 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00080 ER PT B AU Weiss, SJ AF Weiss, SJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Operational evaluation of the Mesoeta model for the prediction of severe local storms SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Weiss, SJ (reprint author), NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,STORM PREDICT CTR,601 E 12TH ST,RM 1728,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 367 EP 371 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00081 ER PT J AU Brooks, HE Stensrud, DJ Doswell, CA AF Brooks, HE Stensrud, DJ Doswell, CA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Application of short-range NWP model ensembles to severe storm forecasting SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Brooks, HE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 372 EP 375 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00082 ER PT J AU Trapp, RJ DaviesJones, RP AF Trapp, RJ DaviesJones, RP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The dynamic pipe effect and its role in tornadogenesis SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Trapp, RJ (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 387 EP 391 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00086 ER PT B AU Wolf, R Szoke, E AF Wolf, R Szoke, E GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A multiscale analysis of the 21 July 1993 northeast Colorado tornadoes SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Wolf, R (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,9050 HARRISON ST,DAVENPORT,IA 52806, USA. RI Szoke, Edward/K-1477-2015 OI Szoke, Edward/0000-0001-9524-7193 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 403 EP 407 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00090 ER PT J AU Stolzenburg, M Rust, WD Marshall, TC AF Stolzenburg, M Rust, WD Marshall, TC GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Electric field soundings through strong updrafts of supercell thunderstorms SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Stolzenburg, M (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 437 EP 441 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00098 ER PT J AU Doswell, CA Brooks, HE AF Doswell, CA Brooks, HE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Case analysis of a historic killer tornado event in Kansas on 10 June 1938 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Doswell, CA (reprint author), NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NOAA,ERL,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 471 EP 473 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00106 ER PT B AU Smith, SB AF Smith, SB GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI How soon can a thunderstorm be identified? A comparison of satellite-observed cloud-top cooling and the onset of cloud-to-ground lightning SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Smith, SB (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF SYST DEV,TECH DEV LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 479 EP 482 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00108 ER PT J AU Funk, TW Darmofal, KE Kirkpatrick, JD Shields, MT Przybylinski, RW Lin, YJ Schmocker, GK Shea, TJ AF Funk, TW Darmofal, KE Kirkpatrick, JD Shields, MT Przybylinski, RW Lin, YJ Schmocker, GK Shea, TJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Storm reflectivity and mesocyclone evolution associated with the 15 April 1994 derecho .2. Storm structure and evolution over Kentucky and southern Indiana SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Funk, TW (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,6201 THEILER LANE,LOUISVILLE,KY 40229, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 516 EP 520 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00115 ER PT J AU Funk, TW Smull, BF Ammermann, JD AF Funk, TW Smull, BF Ammermann, JD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Structure and evolution of an intense bow echo embedded within a heavy rain producing MCS over Missouri SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Funk, TW (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NWS FORECAST OFF LOUISVILLE,6201 THEILER LANE,LOUISVILLE,KY 40229, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 521 EP 526 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00116 ER PT J AU Barlow, W AF Barlow, W GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An examination of the Kansas derecho on July 1, 1994 SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Barlow, W (reprint author), NOAA,NWSFO,1116 NE STRAIT AVE,TOPEKA,KS 66616, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 527 EP 530 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00117 ER PT B AU Eilts, MD Johnson, JT Mitchell, ED Sanger, S Stumpf, G Witt, A Thomas, KW Hondl, KD Rhue, D Jain, M AF Eilts, MD Johnson, JT Mitchell, ED Sanger, S Stumpf, G Witt, A Thomas, KW Hondl, KD Rhue, D Jain, M GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Severe weather Warning Decision Support System SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Eilts, MD (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 536 EP 540 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00119 ER PT B AU Eilts, MD Johnson, JT Mitchell, ED Lynn, RJ Spencer, P Cobb, S Smith, TM AF Eilts, MD Johnson, JT Mitchell, ED Lynn, RJ Spencer, P Cobb, S Smith, TM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Damaging downburst prediction and detection algorithm for the WSR-88D SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Eilts, MD (reprint author), NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 541 EP 545 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00120 ER PT J AU Stumpf, GJ Foster, M AF Stumpf, GJ Foster, M GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The 1995 NSSL Warning Decision Support System test at the Fort Worth National Weather Service Forecast Office SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Stumpf, GJ (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 570 EP 573 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00126 ER PT J AU Mitchell, ED Stumpf, GJ AF Mitchell, ED Stumpf, GJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The 19 April 1995 Fort Worth Dallas tornado event: Implications for automated vortex recognition SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Mitchell, ED (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 574 EP 576 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00127 ER PT J AU Wood, VT AF Wood, VT GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Effects of radar sampling on Doppler velocity tornadic vortex signatures SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Wood, VT (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIR,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 577 EP 580 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00128 ER PT J AU Kelsch, M AF Kelsch, M GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Severe weather information for emergency management decisionmaking SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Kelsch, M (reprint author), NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 597 EP 601 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00133 ER PT J AU Collins, WG AF Collins, WG GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Use of WSR-88D in waterspout nowcasting SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Collins, WG (reprint author), NOAA,NWSO,TAMPA BAY AREA,RUSKIN,FL, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 613 EP 617 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00137 ER PT J AU Evans, JS Johns, RH AF Evans, JS Johns, RH GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Significant tornadoes in the big horn mountains of Wyoming SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Evans, JS (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,STORM PREDICT CTR,601 E 12TH ST,RM 1728,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 636 EP 640 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00142 ER PT B AU Doswell, CA AF Doswell, CA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI What is a supercell? SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Doswell, CA (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,ERL,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 641 EP 641 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00143 ER PT B AU Schaefer, JT McNulty, RP AF Schaefer, JT McNulty, RP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Using mean relative humidity as an aid for forecasting thunderstorms and their characteristics SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,TRAINING CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64124. RP Schaefer, JT (reprint author), 617 HARDESTY AVE,KANSAS CITY,MO 64124, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 650 EP 653 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00146 ER PT J AU Evenson, EC Mecikalski, JR AF Evenson, EC Mecikalski, JR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Preliminary evaluation of a PCGRIDDS macro in forecasting dry microbursts over the western United States SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Evenson, EC (reprint author), NOAA,NSW,STORM PREDICT CTR,601 E 12TH ST ROOM 1728,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 659 EP 662 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00148 ER PT B AU Weiss, SJ AF Weiss, SJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Forecasting severe thunderstorms in eastern Colorado using Eta model grid point data SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Weiss, SJ (reprint author), STORM PREDICT CTR,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,601 E 12TH ST,RM 1728,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 677 EP 680 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00152 ER PT B AU Darrow, MA Rehbein, ML AF Darrow, MA Rehbein, ML GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A preliminary investigation of west coast convection during the cool season SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Darrow, MA (reprint author), NCEP,SPC,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 685 EP 688 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00154 ER PT J AU DaviesJones, R AF DaviesJones, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Inclusion of boundary conditions on pressure in conceptual models of updraft-environment interaction SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP DaviesJones, R (reprint author), NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NOAA,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 713 EP 717 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00160 ER PT B AU Wolf, R Pryzbylinski, R Berg, P AF Wolf, R Pryzbylinski, R Berg, P GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Observations of a merging bowing segment and supercell SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Wolf, R (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,9050 HARRISON ST,IOWA CITY,IA 52806, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 740 EP 745 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00166 ER PT B AU Sabones, ME Agee, EM Akridge, M AF Sabones, ME Agee, EM Akridge, M GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The Pulaski county and West Lafayette, Indiana tornadoes, 26-27 April, 1994: A case of supercell (mesocyclone) and squall line bow-echo interaction SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 PURDUE UNIV,DEPT EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP Sabones, ME (reprint author), NATL WEATHER SERV,6900 W HANNA AVE,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46241, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 746 EP 750 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00167 ER PT J AU Elson, DB AF Elson, DB GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI On the role of outflow boundary interactions with bow echoes in the development of non-supercell tornadoes SO 18TH CONFERENCE ON SEVERE LOCAL STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms CY FEB 19-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Meteorol Soc RP Elson, DB (reprint author), NATL WEATHER SERV,NOAA,6900 W HANNA AVE,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46241, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 751 EP 755 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Telecommunications GA BH11J UT WOS:A1996BH11J00168 ER PT B AU Knopp, KJ Christensen, DH Hill, JR AF Knopp, KJ Christensen, DH Hill, JR GP IEEE TI Vertical cavity surface emitters with low-ripple optical pump bands SO 1996 54TH ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Device Research Conference CY JUN 24-26, 1996 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP IEEE, Electron Devices Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3358-6 PY 1996 BP 88 EP 89 DI 10.1109/DRC.1996.546325 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG23Q UT WOS:A1996BG23Q00034 ER PT B AU Meystel, AM AF Meystel, AM BE Smith, MH Lee, MA Keller, J Yen, J TI Intelligent system as an object of semiotic research SO 1996 BIENNIAL CONFERENCE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN FUZZY INFORMATION PROCESSING SOCIETY - NAFIPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Biennial Conference of the North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society CY JUN 19-22, 1996 CL BERKELEY, CA SP N Amer Fuzzy Informat Proc Soc, Berkeley Initiat Soft Comp, IEEE, Neural Networks Council, IEEE, Syst Man & Cybernet Soc, Univ Calif, Berkeley C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3225-3 PY 1996 BP 312 EP 318 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Computer Science GA BF95N UT WOS:A1996BF95N00060 ER PT S AU Horst, JA AF Horst, JA GP IEEE, ROBOT & AUTOMAT SOC TI Maintaining multi-level planar maps in intelligent systems SO 1996 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation CY APR 22-28, 1996 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,INTELLIGENT SYST DIV,MFG ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1050-4729 BN 0-7803-2989-9 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 1996 BP 1061 EP 1066 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BF68P UT WOS:A1996BF68P00167 ER PT S AU Jargon, JA Janezic, MD AF Jargon, JA Janezic, MD BE Ranson, RG Pollard, RD TI Measuring complex permittivity and permeability using time domain network analysis SO 1996 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 17-21, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE, MTT Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0149-645X BN 0-7803-3247-4 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 1996 BP 1407 EP 1410 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF95U UT WOS:A1996BF95U00328 ER PT S AU Williams, DF Belquin, JM Dambrine, G Fenton, R AF Williams, DF Belquin, JM Dambrine, G Fenton, R BE Ranson, RG Pollard, RD TI On-wafer measurement at millimeter wave frequencies SO 1996 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 17-21, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP IEEE, MTT Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0149-645X BN 0-7803-3247-4 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 1996 BP 1683 EP 1686 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF95U UT WOS:A1996BF95U00393 ER PT S AU Hurley, DC Yost, WT Boltz, ES Fortunko, CM AF Hurley, DC Yost, WT Boltz, ES Fortunko, CM BE Levy, M Schneider, SC McAvoy, BR TI Experimental comparison of ultrasonic techniques to determine the nonlinearity parameter beta SO 1996 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP IEEE Ultrason Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc AB We describe experiments to evaluate the use of an infrared Michelson interferometer as a quantitative probe of nonlinear ultrasonic propagation. This technique exhibits several distinct advantages over previous methods using capacitive or piezoelectric detectors, including high spatial resolution (typically 10 mu m), flat broadband response (up to 300 MHz), and simple self-calibration. The method is evaluated by determining the nonlinearity parameter IPI in a fused silica specimen, and comparing the results to those obtained for the same specimen using a capacitive receiver and a piezoelectric transducer. When ultrasonic diffraction effects are included, values for \beta\ are in good agreement with the literature values of \beta\ = 11-14. These results indicate that optical methods can be used for practical and accurate detection of nonlinear ultrasound. RP Hurley, DC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-3615-1 J9 ULTRASON PY 1996 BP 495 EP 498 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Acoustics; Engineering; Physics; Polymer Science GA BH56C UT WOS:A1996BH56C00101 ER PT S AU Hollman, KW Fortunko, CM Fitting, DW AF Hollman, KW Fortunko, CM Fitting, DW BE Levy, M Schneider, SC McAvoy, BR TI Ultrasonic characterization of aramid-epoxy/aluminum laminates from pulse-echo data SO 1996 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium CY NOV 03-06, 1996 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP IEEE Ultrason Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc AB The objectives of this study are to determine the through-thickness elastic coefficient of fiber-epoxy/metal laminates with ultrasonic measurements and to determine the elastic coefficients of the constituent layers. For the measurements, a broadband, piezopolymer, transmitting transducer is excited with the leading edge of a square wave. A specimen is aligned perpendicular to the transducer in an immersion tank. Signals reflected from the specimen are captured by the piezopolymer transducer and Fourier transformed. Signals transmitted through the specimen are captured by a hydrophone, and the first arrival of the signals is used to determine the average velocity through the laminate. For this study we consider four regimes. There is a static regime and a second regime where the wavelength of the ultrasound is much greater than the thickness of the laminate. In the third, intermediate wavelength regime the velocities and densities of the individual layers are determined using ''stop bands'' in the spectrum. Short-duration pulse determinations of the elastic stiffness coefficients are valid in the forth, short wavelength regime. Elastic coefficients determined from pulse measurements compare favorably with predictions based on the assumption that velocities of the layers act in series as the sound travels through the laminate. RP Hollman, KW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-3615-1 J9 ULTRASON PY 1996 BP 745 EP 748 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Polymer Science SC Acoustics; Engineering; Physics; Polymer Science GA BH56C UT WOS:A1996BH56C00152 ER PT B AU Ohno, Y Lindemann, M Sauter, G AF Ohno, Y Lindemann, M Sauter, G GP ILLUMINATING ENGN SOC N AMER TI Analysis of integrating sphere errors for lamps having different angular intensity distributions SO 1996 IESNA ANNUAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IESNA Annual Conference CY AUG 05-07, 1996 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Illuminating Engn Soc N Amer DE calibration; goniophotometry; integrating sphere; lumen; luminous flux; photometer; photometry; radiant flux; standards; total flux; total luminous flux AB An experiment has been conducted, as a collaboration of NIST, USA and PTB, Germany, to evaluate errors in luminous flux measurements using an integrating sphere for lamps having different angular luminous intensity distributions. Incandescent lamps of seven different types, each having different filament structure and bulb materials were used. Each test lamp was equipped with either a bi-post base or a special mark to allow precise alignment for luminous intensity measurement. The total luminous flux of each lamp was measured using a 2 m integrating sphere at NIST and a three-axis goniophotometer at PTB. The luminous intensity of each lamp in a specified direction was also measured at both laboratories. The ratios of the total luminous flux and the luminous intensity are evaluated so that any possible differences in national realizations of the candela are canceled out. The integrating sphere errors are also obtained theoretically from the goniophotometric data of each lamp and the spatial nonuniformity of the sphere responsivity measured with a rotating beam lamp. The deviations of the integrating sphere measurements, as compared with the goniophotometric results, for all the test lamps are found to be within +/- 0.3 %, which is within the estimated uncertainties of the measurements, and also in good agreement with the theoretical results. RP Ohno, Y (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,OPT TECHNOL DIV,METROL A320,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOC NORTH AMERICA PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2377 PY 1996 BP 895 EP 906 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH49D UT WOS:A1996BH49D00043 ER PT B AU Suehle, JS Hijab, RS AF Suehle, JS Hijab, RS GP IEEE TI Thin oxide reliability SO 1996 INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Integrated Reliability Workshop CY OCT 20-23, 1996 CL STANFORD SIERRA CAMP, LAKE TAHOE, CA SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE Reliabil Soc HO STANFORD SIERRA CAMP RP Suehle, JS (reprint author), NIST,BLDG 225 RM B360,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3598-8 PY 1996 BP 164 EP 165 DI 10.1109/IRWS.1996.583404 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH55V UT WOS:A1996BH55V00029 ER PT B AU Iuliano, M Jones, A AF Iuliano, M Jones, A BE Charnes, JM Morrice, DJ Brunner, DT Swain, JJ TI Controlling activities in a virtual manufacturing cell SO 1996 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC 96) CY DEC 08-11, 1996 CL CORONADO, CA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Assoc Comp Machinery, SIGSIM, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Coll Simulat, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Syst Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, NIST, Soc Comp Simulat Int AB Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology are developing a virtual manufacturing cell. This cell will contain simulation models of a wide range of manufacturing equipment, processes, and systems. It will have commercial and prototype applications software which implement production functions from order release to final inspection. There will be an information base and a collection of interfaces which will provide the integrating infrastructure for these applications. These interfaces will be based on information models and exchange protocols, and will specify what information is shared across those applications and how it is exchanged. This paper describes the current virtual manufacturing cell, with special emphasis on the hierarchy we are developing to control activities within the cell. RP Iuliano, M (reprint author), NIST,BLDG 220,ROOM A127,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3383-7 PY 1996 BP 1062 EP 1067 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics GA BH19F UT WOS:A1996BH19F00152 ER PT J AU Dobosy, RJ Crawford, TL Vogel, CA Baldocchi, DD AF Dobosy, RJ Crawford, TL Vogel, CA Baldocchi, DD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Judging the area represented by flux measurements from a tower in a heterogeneous region SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ATDD,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 5 EP 8 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00002 ER PT J AU Baldocchi, DD Vogel, CA Hall, B AF Baldocchi, DD Vogel, CA Hall, B GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Seasonal variation of carbon dioxide exchange rates above and below a boreal jackpine forest SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ARL,ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE & DIFFUS DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 56 EP 58 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00017 ER PT J AU Flynn, MS AF Flynn, MS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Training recommendations for a career in operational agricultural meteorology SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,NWS SW AGR WEATHER SERV CTR,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 140 EP 141 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00043 ER PT B AU Meyers, TP Lindberg, SE AF Meyers, TP Lindberg, SE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Use of the modified Bowen ratio technique for determining fluxes of mercury SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ATDD,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 165 EP 168 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00051 ER PT B AU Heim, RR AF Heim, RR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An overview of the 1961-90 climate normals products available from NOAA's National Climatic Data Center SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL CLIMAT DATA CTR,GLOBAL CLIMATE LAB,ASHEVILLE,NC 28801. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 193 EP 196 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00060 ER PT B AU Heim, RR AF Heim, RR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The NCDC's 1961-90 CL1M20: Normals statistics, methodology, and agricultural applications SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL CLIMAT DATA CTR,GLOBAL CLIMATE LAB,ASHEVILLE,NC 28801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 197 EP 199 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00061 ER PT B AU Goens, DW AF Goens, DW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Past accomplishments and future opportunities for National Weather Service support to urban and wildland fire suppression activities SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,POCATELLO,ID 83204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 235 EP 238 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00072 ER PT J AU Page, EM Weingroff, M AF Page, EM Weingroff, M GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Fire weather multimedia computer-based training SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NWS,METEOROL OFF,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 239 EP 241 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00073 ER PT B AU Holle, RL Lopez, RE AF Holle, RL Lopez, RE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The national lightning detection network: Technology and data use SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,MEDFORD,OR 97502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 253 EP 256 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00076 ER PT B AU Ochoa, R AF Ochoa, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Preparing for future fire weather services the national weather service - Fire weather risk reduction project SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL INTERAGCY FIRE CTR,FORECAST OFF,BOISE,ID 83705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 316 EP 318 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00093 ER PT B AU Kwiatkowski, JJ AF Kwiatkowski, JJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Use of a numerical model to forecast soil temperatures SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,GOODLAND,KS 67735. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 362 EP 363 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00108 ER PT B AU Gallo, KP AF Gallo, KP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Global satellite assessment of urban heat islands: A strategy and preliminary results. SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 442 EP 443 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00132 ER PT J AU Baldocchi, DD AF Baldocchi, DD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Integrating trace gas and energy fluxes from leaf to canopy scale: The roles of physics, biology, and physiological ecology SO 22ND CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL & FOREST METEOROLOGY WITH SYMPOSIUM ON FIRE & FOREST METEOROLOGY/12TH CONFERENCE ON BIOMETEOROLOGY & AEROBIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology/12th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ARL,ATMOSPHER TURBULENCE & DIFFUS DIV,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP J1 EP J1 PG 1 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF44H UT WOS:A1996BF44H00146 ER PT B AU Purtscher, PT Cheng, Y Kuziak, R Foley, RP AF Purtscher, PT Cheng, Y Kuziak, R Foley, RP GP IRON & STEEL SOC TI Prediction of strengthening due to V additions in direct-cooled ferrite-pearlite forging steels SO 37TH MECHANICAL WORKING AND STEEL PROCESSING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE IRON & STEEL SOCIETY: MECHANICAL WORKING AND STEEL PROCESSING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 37th Mechanical Working and Steel Processing Conference/International Symposium on Recovery and Recrystallization in Steel CY OCT 22-25, 1995 CL HAMILTON, CANADA SP Iron & Steel Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IRON & STEEL SOC AIME PI WARRENDALE PA 410 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 BN 1-886362-05-X J9 ISS MWSP CONF P PY 1996 VL 33 BP 405 EP 416 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing SC Engineering GA BF11E UT WOS:A1996BF11E00047 ER PT J AU Elvin, AA Sunder, SS AF Elvin, AA Sunder, SS TI Microcracking due to grain boundary sliding in polycrystalline ice under uniaxial compression SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-ANISOTROPY; WING CRACKS; FAILURE; FRICTION AB This paper examines grain boundary sliding as a mechanism for nucleation and growth of microcracks in polycrystalline S2 ice, under uniaxial compression. The loading rate is fast enough so that the polycrystal response is almost linear. A unit cell model is set up and the resulting boundary value problem solved using the finite element method. Simulations show that by allowing grain boundary sliding a defect originating at the triple point grows stably, reaches a critical length and then propagates unstably to the neighboring triple point. The influence of the elastic mismatch between neighboring grains on microcracking stress is not strong. The stress causing microcrack growth is found to be inversely proportional to the square root of the grain size. If no grain sliding takes place, and only the elastic anisotropy mechanism operates, the stresses required for microcrack nucleation and growth are unrealisticly high; the resulting microcracks are also too short. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Elvin, AA (reprint author), MIT,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,ROOM 5-330A,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00157-1 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TY678 UT WOS:A1996TY67800005 ER PT J AU VanHeerden, D Josell, D Shechtman, D AF VanHeerden, D Josell, D Shechtman, D TI The formation of FCC titanium in titanium-aluminum multilayers SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; FILMS; METALS AB The Ti layers in Al/Ti multilayers are shown to transform from hexagonal close packed in the as-deposited multilayers to face centered cubic on ion milling in cross-section. By examining the change in free energy of the system on transformation it is demonstrated that interfacial, surface and strain free energies cannot overcome the theoretically predicted 0.08 eV/atom difference in bulk free energy between f.c.c. and h.c.p. Ti. Based on experimental observations of f.c.c. Ti in multilayers, it is argued that this value is too large. C1 TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT MAT ENGN,IL-32000 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP VanHeerden, D (reprint author), NIST,ROOM B 309,BLDG 223,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP 297 EP 306 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00159-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA TY678 UT WOS:A1996TY67800025 ER PT B AU Etkins, R AF Etkins, R BE Smith, JB Bhatti, N Menzhulin, GV Benioff, R Campos, M Jallow, B Rijsberman, F Budyko, M Dixon, RK TI Human settlements - Rapporteur's statement SO ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Climate Change Adaptation CY MAY 22-25, 1995 CL ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA SP Russian Fed Serv Hydrometeorol & Environm Monitoring, US Country Studies Program, Netherlands Minist Foreign Affairs, Directorate Gen Int Cooperat RP Etkins, R (reprint author), NOAA,OFF OCEAN & ATMOSPHER RES,1315 EAST WEST HIGHWAY,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 BN 0-387-94639-X PY 1996 BP 439 EP 439 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BF01A UT WOS:A1996BF01A00037 ER PT B AU Jones, A Riddick, F Rabelo, L AF Jones, A Riddick, F Rabelo, L BE Khan, MK Wright, CS Whalley, R Ma, X Kochhar, AK Burns, ND Cooke, J Cessford, S Whitworth, J TI Development of a predictive-reactive scheduler using generic algorithms and simulation-based scheduling software SO ADVANCED MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, SYSTEMS, AND TECHNOLOGIES (AMPST 96) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Advanced Manufacturing Processes, Systems and Technologies (AMPST 96) CY MAR 26-27, 1996 CL UNIV BRADFORD, BRADFORD, ENGLAND SP Inst Measurement & Control, Univ Bradford, SCI, Inst Energy, Inst Nucl Engineers, Inst Elect Engineers, Inst Phys, Inst Mech Engineers HO UNIV BRADFORD C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PUBL PI EDMUNDS PA P O BOX 24 NORTHGATE AVE BURY ST, EDMUNDS, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND 1P32 6BW BN 0-85298-989-X PY 1996 BP 589 EP 598 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BF42J UT WOS:A1996BF42J00059 ER PT J AU Early, JG Rook, HL AF Early, JG Rook, HL TI Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS) SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Pre-standards research-also called pre-normative research-is necessary in the case of advanced materials because traditional tests are simply not suitable for these materials. The pace at which they enter the market place requires the rapid development of novel approaches to measurement and performance evaluation. VAMAS exists to remove barriers to trade in new technologies by addressing this need for research on which to base international standards. VAMAS's aims and organization are described, and a case study is outlined. RP Early, JG (reprint author), NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 9 EP & DI 10.1002/adma.19960080102 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA TU803 UT WOS:A1996TU80300001 ER PT B AU Wang, YL Hsu, SM AF Wang, YL Hsu, SM BE Clayton, CR Hirvonen, JK Srivatsa, AR TI A novel Ball-on-inclined plane scratch test for the evaluation of ceramic coatings SO ADVANCES IN COATINGS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SURFACE ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Advances in Coatings Technologies for Surface Engineering, at the Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society CY FEB 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc. Surface Modificat & Coatiangs Technol Comm AB A Ball-on-inclined plane scratch test method has been developed to determine the materials responses to stresses on thermally-sprayed ceramic coatings. Material properties such as the critical damage load, damage patterns of the scratched surface and subsurface crack patterns are evaluated. Results show that when the applied load is below the critical value, there is no subsurface damage but plastic deformation occurs locally on the surface. Beyond the critical load, high velocity oxygen flame (HVOF) sprayed Al2O3 coatings exhibit severe plastic deformation on the scratched surface and subsurface cracks propagating in the directions parallel to and at an angle to the sliding surface, In the case of a plasma-sprayed ZrO2 coating, beyond the critical load, cracks initiate at the surface and propagate into the subsurface at an angle about 30 degrees to the sliding surface. C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Wang, YL (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-371-6 PY 1996 BP 213 EP 224 PG 12 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science GA BK37G UT WOS:000071923800015 ER PT B AU Bradley, PE Radebaugh, R AF Bradley, PE Radebaugh, R BE Kittel, P TI A three-stage pulse tube refrigerator for temperatures near 4K SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 41, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Cryogenic Engineering Conference CY JUL 17-21, 1995 CL COLUMBUS, OH SP Battelle Mem Inst, CVI Inc, Lake Shore Cryotron Inc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45300-2 J9 ADV CRYOG ENG PY 1996 BP 1511 EP 1518 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA BG31Z UT WOS:A1996BG31Z00190 ER PT J AU Cooter, EJ Dhakhwa, GB AF Cooter, EJ Dhakhwa, GB TI A solar radiation model for use in biological applications in the South and Southeastern USA SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE CHANGE; TEMPERATURE AB The application of a previously developed stochastic solar radiation model, the Hedges model (Hedges, T,, French, V, and LeDuc, S,, 1985. Estimating solar radiation for plant simulation models, AgRISTARS Technical Report JSC-20239; YM-15-00403, 21 pp.) was modified using the Solar and Meteorological Surface Observation Network (SAMSON) data base, Model parameters were re-estimated and a geographic stratification scheme was developed that more accurately reflects climatologic variability in radiation on rainy and on dry days, Daily solar radiation from the model was adjusted further to reflect observations at 59 sites throughout the South and Southeastern USA based on the average and the standard deviation, Errors in averages and standard deviations of model estimates made while using this modified application approach were summarized. Estimates of average model output for all days, wet days only or dry days only were within 10% of SAMSON estimates, Standard deviation estimates were also within 10%. The impact of this modified application approach on corn yield estimated with the Erosion/Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC) crop simulation model was examined at a sample location in North Carolina. Yield estimates generated using the original application approach, the modified approach and the existing EPIC solar radiation generator were compared. Each method of radiation estimation produced yield time series that were significantly different from one another in a pair-wise comparison. Using data for 1961 through 1988, a further comparison of yield time series indicated that the Hedges model used with the application modifications suggested by this research provided a superior estimate of daily radiation. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,RALEIGH,NC 27606. RP Cooter, EJ (reprint author), NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,ATMOSPHER SCI MODELING DIV,MAIL DROP 80,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 78 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0168-1923(95)02241-4 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TQ026 UT WOS:A1996TQ02600003 ER PT J AU Gorti, SR Humair, S Sriram, RD Talukdar, S Murthy, S AF Gorti, SR Humair, S Sriram, RD Talukdar, S Murthy, S TI Solving constraint satisfaction problems using ATeams SO AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE constraint satisfaction; asynchronous teams; conceptual design; genetic algorithm AB This paper presents an approach to solving constraint satisfaction problems using Asynchronous Teams of autonomous agents (ATeams). The focus for the constraint satisfaction problem is derived from an effort to support spatial layout generation in a conceptual design framework. The constraint specification allows a high-level representation and manipulation of qualitative geometric information. We present a computational technique based on ATeams to instantiate solutions to the constraint satisfaction problem. The technique uses a search for a solution in numerical space. This permits us to handle both qualitative relationships and numerical constraints in a unified framework. We show that simple knowledge, about human spatial reasoning and about the nature of arithmetic operators can be hierarchically encapsulated and exploited efficiently in the search. An example illustrates the generality of the approach for conceptual design. We also present empirical studies that contrast the efficiency of ATeams with a search based on genetic algorithms. Based on these preliminary results, we argue that the ATeams approach elegantly handles arbitrary sets of constraints, is computationally efficient, and hence merits further investigation. C1 SPECTRAGRAPHICS CORP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92122. MIT,INTELLIGENT ENGN SYST LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. NIST,DIV MFG SYST INTEGRAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0890-0604 J9 AI EDAM JI AI EDAM-Artif. Intell. Eng. Des. Anal. Manuf. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA TW679 UT WOS:A1996TW67900001 ER PT J AU Newbury, NR Wieman, C AF Newbury, NR Wieman, C TI Resource letter TNA-1: Trapping of neutral atoms SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Bibliography C1 UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Newbury, NR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 64 IS 1 BP 18 EP 20 DI 10.1119/1.18466 PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA TN512 UT WOS:A1996TN51200008 ER PT B AU Boveng, PL AF Boveng, PL GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Space and time relationships between vertebrate predators and a commercially harvested prey species in the Antarctic Marine Ecosystem SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1996 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOMETRICS SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Statistical-Association CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Stat Assoc DE confounding; time series; spatial distribution; scale; krill; seals; penguins RP Boveng, PL (reprint author), ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,NATL MARINE MAMMAL LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-37-3 PY 1996 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BH98G UT WOS:A1996BH98G00011 ER PT B AU Zhang, NF AF Zhang, NF GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Estimating process capability indices for autocorrelated processes SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION - 1996 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTION ON QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Section-on-Quality-and-Productivity, at the Annual Meeting of the American-Statistical-Association CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Qual & Productiv DE autocorrelated data; coverage probability; interval estimator; specification limit,; stationary gaussian process RP Zhang, NF (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-47-0 PY 1996 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BJ01G UT WOS:A1996BJ01G00008 ER PT B AU Currie, LA AF Currie, LA GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Foundations and future of detection and quantification limits SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION - 1996 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTION ON STATISTICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Section on Statistics and the Environment, at the Annual Meeting of the American-Statistical-Association CY AUG 04-08, 1996 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE detection; quantification; international nomenclature; metrology; IUPAC; ISO AB Detection and Quantification capabilities represent fundamental performance characteristics of measurement processes, yet there have been decades of confusion and miscommunication regarding the underlying concepts and terminology. New, coordinated documents prepared by IUPAC [1] and ISO [2] promise to alleviate this situation by providing, for the first time, a harmonized position on standards and recommendations for adoption by the international scientific community. The text begins with (1) a brief historical summary of detection limits in chemistry, illustrating the critical need for the development of a sound and uniform system of terms and symbols; and (2) a review of the ISO-IUPAC deliberations and the ensuing harmonized position on concepts and nomenclature. In the following text a number of special topics are introduced, including: specification of the measurement process, attention to the meaning and evaluation of ''sigma,'' special considerations for calibration (or regression) based detection and quantification limits, the central role of the blank, and finally, some challenges for the future. RP Currie, LA (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-42-X PY 1996 BP 1 EP 8 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA BJ01H UT WOS:A1996BJ01H00001 ER PT J AU Boggs, PT Domich, PD Rogers, JE AF Boggs, PT Domich, PD Rogers, JE TI An interior point method for general large-scale quadratic programming problems SO ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE big-M Phase I procedure; convex quadratic programming; interior point methods; linear programming; method of centers; multidirectional search direction; nonconvex quadratic programming; recentering ID BIG-MU; ALGORITHM AB In this paper, we present an interior point algorithm for solving both convex and nonconvex quadratic programs. The method, which is an extension of our interior point work on linear programming problems, efficiently solves a wide class of large-scale problems and forms the basis for a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) solver for general large scale nonlinear programs. The key to the algorithm is a three-dimensional cost improvement subproblem, which is solved at every iteration. We have developed an approximate recentering procedure and a novel, adaptive big-M Phase I procedure that are essential to the success of the algorithm. We describe the basic method along with the recentering and big-M Phase I procedures. Details of the implementation and computational results are also presented. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,APPL & COMPUTAT MATH DEPT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,APPL & COMPUTAT MATH DEPT,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-5330 J9 ANN OPER RES JI Ann. Oper. Res. PY 1996 VL 62 BP 419 EP 437 DI 10.1007/BF02206825 PG 19 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA UJ019 UT WOS:A1996UJ01900018 ER PT J AU Vecchione, M Collette, BB AF Vecchione, M Collette, BB TI Fisheries agencies and marine biodiversity SO ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Systematics Symposium of the Missouri-Botanical-Garden, Systematics Agenda 2000 - Systematics and Society CY SEP 30-OCT 01, 1994 CL MISSOURI BOTAN GARDEN, ST LOUIS, MO SP Missouri Botan Garden HO MISSOURI BOTAN GARDEN ID SEA; DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; OCEAN AB In addition to the potential negative impacts on biodiversity from fishing activities, there are positive aspects as well. Fisheries agencies are among the best equipped organizations to examine questions involving marine biodiversity because of their long history of studying marine populations. Furthermore, expansion of their involvement in these questions is in the agencies' interest. Fisheries management depends not only on the accurate identification of target species, but also on understanding the ecosystems from which they come. Systematics is the base from which many questions about biodiversity must be addressed. Taxonomy is a critical tool for ecologists. Therefore, in addition to training new systematists, the systematics community must develop better ways to disseminate the information it develops and train other biologists to be proficient in taxonomy. Closer cooperation between fisheries and systematics is urgently needed to develop the knowledge and skills necessary for assessment and maintenance of marine biological diversity. RP Vecchione, M (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SYSTEMAT LAB,NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN PI ST LOUIS PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0026-6493 J9 ANN MO BOT GARD JI Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. PY 1996 VL 83 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.2307/2399965 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TT086 UT WOS:A1996TT08600004 ER PT J AU Bur, AJ Thomas, CL AF Bur, AJ Thomas, CL GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Volume viscoelastic relaxation in a glass forming polymer during injection molding SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB We have developed a model to describe the behavior of an optical fiber sensor which was used to detect fluorescence from a polymer resin during the packing and cooling phases of injection molding. An excimer producing dye, bis(-pyrene) propane, doped into polystyrene was the subject of the model calculations. Factors included in the model are the effects of temperature, pressure and viscoelastic volume relaxation of polystyrene at the onset of the glass phase. RP Bur, AJ (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 627 EP 631 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00098 ER PT B AU Barnes, JD McKenna, GB Landes, BG Bubeck, RA Banks, D AF Barnes, JD McKenna, GB Landes, BG Bubeck, RA Banks, D GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Morphology of syndiotactic polystyrene as examined by small-angle X-ray scattering SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers DE syndiotactic polystyrene; morphology; small-angle X-ray scattering AB Small Angle X-Ray scattering (SAXS) studies have been carried out on injection molded syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS) at room temperature and at elevated temperatures up to 290 degrees C. Features indicating lamellar crystallinity were very weak or entirely absent at room temperature, becoming increasingly intense above the glass transition temperature (T-g) for this material. A background scattering whose intensity: was roughly proportional to q(-2), where q is the scattering momentum transfer, was present throughout the temperature range. We suggest that these results indicate that SPS materials formed in this way are three-phase systems, with an amorphous phase, a crystalline phase, and a grain boundary phase. RP Barnes, JD (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMER,STRUCT & MECH GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 1532 EP 1536 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00263 ER PT B AU Gusler, GM McKenna, GB AF Gusler, GM McKenna, GB GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI The effect of physical aging on the craze response of a polystyrene and a styrene acrylonitrile copolymer SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers RP Gusler, GM (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 1537 EP 1542 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00264 ER PT B AU Colucci, DM OConnell, PA McKenna, GB AF Colucci, DM OConnell, PA McKenna, GB GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Volume changes in thermoplastics in stress relaxation experiments in tension and compression SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers RP Colucci, DM (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 1543 EP 1546 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00265 ER PT J AU Jackson, CL Sung, L Han, CC AF Jackson, CL Sung, L Han, CC GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Morphology and phase separation kinetics of a compatibilized blend SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB The phase diagram for a low molecular weight blend of deuterated polystyrene (PSD, M(w) = 1000 g/mol) and polybutadiene (PB, M(w) = 5100 g/mol) was determined by light scattering measurements. The critical temperature of the blend was 51 degrees C and the critical composition was approximately 0.75 g/g polystyrene (75% PSD by weight). Upon addition of a PSD-PB diblock copolymer (total M(w) = 10,600 g/mol) near the critical composition, the phase boundary shifted linearly to a lower temperature and the rate of phase separation was greatly retarded. The size scale of the phase separated microstructure was also greatly reduced as block copolymer was added, indicating compatibilization of the blend. RP Jackson, CL (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 1599 EP 1602 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00275 ER PT B AU OConnell, PA McKenna, GB AF OConnell, PA McKenna, GB GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Large deformation response of polycarbonate: Time-temperature and time-aging time superposition SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers RP OConnell, PA (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 2262 EP 2266 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00392 ER PT B AU Beckmann, J McKenna, GB Banks, DH Landes, BG Bubeck, RA AF Beckmann, J McKenna, GB Banks, DH Landes, BG Bubeck, RA GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI The physical aging response of syndiotactic poly(styrene) SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB Creep experiments in uniaxial extension have been performed to explore the kinetics of the physical aging process in semi-crystalline sPS. Classical time-aging time superposition behavior was found for temperatures from 70 to 95 degrees C, with the shift rate mu decreasing as temperature increased. Virtually no aging was seen at 95 degrees C, the DSC determined T-G. This behavior was atypical for a semi-crystalline polymer and reminiscent of the behavior of glassy amorphous thermoplastics. Some evidence for a separate crystalline aging mechanism which appears above T-G is seen in experiments at 100 degrees C. Further investigation is required to confirm this. RP Beckmann, J (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 2272 EP 2276 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00394 ER PT J AU Gilman, JW Brown, JE Oliver, KD AF Gilman, JW Brown, JE Oliver, KD GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Synthesis of new cyanate ester resins for polymer flammability studies SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB We have synthesized several new cyanate ester-substituted polystyrene polymers and copolymers. The synthesis and thermal analysis of these polymers is part of an ongoing effort in our lab to investigate the relationships between polymer structure, degradation behavior and flammability. RP Gilman, JW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT FIRE RES GRP,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 3055 EP 3057 PG 3 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00541 ER PT J AU Nyden, MR Coley, TR Mumby, S AF Nyden, MR Coley, TR Mumby, S GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Applications of molecular dynamics to the study of thermal degradation in aromatic polymers .1. Polystyrene SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB This paper reports recent progress we have made in the development of a generic molecular dynamics model which accounts for the major chemical reactions involved in the thermal degradation of polymeric materials. The strategy employed in the design of the most recent version of this model was to interface our code for performing reactive dynamics on simple vinyl polymers with a commercial molecular dynamics package (Discover 95). The expanded range of applicability of the integrated model is illustrated by applying it to the study of thermal degradation in polystyrene. RP Nyden, MR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 3058 EP 3062 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00542 ER PT B AU Butler, KM Baum, HR Kashiwagi, T AF Butler, KM Baum, HR Kashiwagi, T GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS INC TI Three-dimensional modeling of intumescent materials SO ANTEC '96: PLASTICS - RACING INTO THE FUTURE, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPACIAL AREAS SE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERS TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - Plastics: Racing into the Future (ANTEC 96) CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Soc Plast Engineers AB The efficacy of an intumescent material in protecting the underlying surface from fire relies on the timing of certain critical chemical events. A three-dimensional numerical model that takes into account chemical reactions, bubble and melt hydrodynamics, and heat transfer is being developed to aid in the design of these materials. The approach and implementation of this model are described and demonstrated. RP Butler, KM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 J9 SOC PLAST E PY 1996 VL 42 BP 3063 EP 3067 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BH28W UT WOS:A1996BH28W00543 ER PT B AU Howell, JN Hardesty, RM Rothermel, J Menzies, RT AF Howell, JN Hardesty, RM Rothermel, J Menzies, RT BE Sedlacek, AJ TI Overview of the first multi-center airborne coherent atmospheric wind sensor (MACAWS) experiment: Conversion of a ground-based lidar for airborne applications. SO APPLICATION OF LIDAR TO CURRENT ATMOSPHERIC TOPICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Application of Lidar to Current Atmospheric Topics CY AUG 08-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, N Amer Remote Sensing Ind Assoc, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE lidar; airborne; Doppler; carbon dioxide laser AB The first Multi center Airborne Coherent Atmospheric Wind Sensor (MACAWS) field experiment demonstrated an airborne high energy TEA CO, Doppler lidar system for measurement of atmospheric wind fields and aerosol structure. The system was deployed on the NASA DC-8 during September 1995 in a series of checkout flights to observe several important atmospheric phenomena, including upper level winds in a Pacific hurricane, marine boundary layer winds, cirrus cloud properties, and land-sea breeze structure. The instrument, with its capability to measure three-dimensional winds and backscatter fields, promises to be a valuable fool far climate and global change, severe weather, and air quality research. In this paper, we describe the airborne instrument, assess its performance, discuss future improvements, and show some preliminary results from the September experiments. RP Howell, JN (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2221-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2833 BP 116 EP 127 DI 10.1117/12.258146 PG 2 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG81Y UT WOS:A1996BG81Y00013 ER PT B AU Marquardt, JH Cruz, FC Stephens, M Oates, CW Hollberg, LW Bergquist, JC Welch, DF Mehuys, D Sanders, S AF Marquardt, JH Cruz, FC Stephens, M Oates, CW Hollberg, LW Bergquist, JC Welch, DF Mehuys, D Sanders, S BE Fried, A TI Grating-tuned semiconductor MOPA lasers for precision spectroscopy SO APPLICATION OF TUNABLE DIODE AND OTHER INFRARED SOURCES FOR ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESS MONITORING SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Application of Tunable Diode and Other Infrared Sources for Atmospheric Studies and Industrial Process Monitoring CY AUG 08-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, N Amer Remote Sensing Ind Assoc, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE diode lasers; tapered amplifiers; injection locking; high resolution spectroscopy; MOPA AB A standard grating-tuned extended-cavity diode laser is used for injection seeding of a tapered semiconductor laser/amplifier. With sufficient injection power the output of the amplifier takes on the spectral characteristics of the master laser. We have constructed master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) systems that operate near 657 nm, 675 nm, 795 nm, and 850 nm. Although the characteristics vary from system to system, we have demonstrated output powers of greater than 700 mW in a single spatial mode, linewidths less than 1 kHz, coarse tuning greater than 20 nm, and continuous single-frequency scanning greater than 150 GHz. We discuss the spectroscopic applications of these high power, highly coherent, tunable diode lasers as applied to Ca, Hg+, I-2, and two-photon transitions in Cs. RP Marquardt, JH (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Cruz, Flavio/A-6346-2012 OI Cruz, Flavio/0000-0003-3995-7910 NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2222-3 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2834 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1117/12.255336 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG67Q UT WOS:A1996BG67Q00004 ER PT J AU Atmar, RL Neill, FH Woodley, CM Manger, R Fout, GS Burkhardt, W Leja, L McGovern, ER LeGuyader, F Metcalf, TG Estes, MK AF Atmar, RL Neill, FH Woodley, CM Manger, R Fout, GS Burkhardt, W Leja, L McGovern, ER LeGuyader, F Metcalf, TG Estes, MK TI Collaborative evaluation of a method for the detection of norwalk virus in shellfish tissues by PCR SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; OYSTERS AB A multicenter, collaborative trial mas performed to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of a previously described method for the detection of Norwalk virus in shellfish tissues with the PCR (R. L. Atmar, F. H. Neill, J. L. Romalde, F. Le Guyader, C. M. Woodley, T. G. Metcalf, and M. K. Estes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:3014-3018, 1995). Virus was added to the stomachs and hepatopancreatic tissues of oysters or hard-shell clams in the control laboratory, the samples were shipped to the participating laboratories, and viral nucleic acids mere extracted and then detected by reverse transcription-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 85 and 91%, respectively, when results mere determined by visual inspection of ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels; the test sensitivity and specificity improved to 87 and 100%, respectively, after confirmation by hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled, virus-specific probe. We have demonstrated that this method can be implemented successfully by several laboratories to detect Norwalk virus in shellfish tissues. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,CHARLESTON,SC 29422. US FDA,BOTHELL,WA 98041. US EPA,ENVIRONM MONITORING SYST LAB,CINCINNATI,OH 45268. US FDA,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852. RP Atmar, RL (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,1 BAYLOR PLAZA,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00350] NR 33 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 62 IS 1 BP 254 EP 258 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA TN226 UT WOS:A1996TN22600042 PM 8572702 ER PT J AU Siles, BA Collier, GB Reeder, DJ May, WE AF Siles, BA Collier, GB Reeder, DJ May, WE TI The use of a new gel matrix for the separation of DNA fragments: A comparison study between slab gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis SO APPLIED AND THEORETICAL ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE electrophoresis; DNA; polysaccharides; polymers ID ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYACRYLAMIDE; EXTENSION AB TreviGel(TM)-500, a new polysaccharide matrix containing AgaCryl(TM), commercially available as a powder for slab gel electrophoresis, is now being applied to the separation of DNA fragments in capillary electrophoresis, The capillary mode allows the use of one to two orders of magnitude lower mass fractions of matrix and approximately five to six orders of magnitude lower sample quantities than the slab gel electrophoresis counterpart for optimal separation of DNA fragments in the 100 to 2,000 base pair size range, In the capillary mode, this new separation matrix forms a semi-rigid gel that demonstrates enhanced selectivity for DNA fragments in the 1,000 to 7,000 base pair size range relative to alternative size-sieving polymer solutions, In addition, this matrix offers the advantages of lower toxicity than acrylamide, Comparisons are drawn between the use of this matrix in both slab gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis for the separation of DNA fragments with respect to the mass fraction of the matrix in buffer, the buffer composition and sample loading or injection parameters. C1 NIST,DIV ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NIST,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. TREVIGEN INC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20877. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ELECTROPHORESIS SOC PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0954-6642 J9 APPL THEOR ELECTROPH JI Appl. Theor. Electrophor. PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VB049 UT WOS:A1996VB04900003 PM 9072076 ER PT J AU Kline, MC Redman, JW Reeder, DJ Duewer, DL AF Kline, MC Redman, JW Reeder, DJ Duewer, DL TI Intercomparison of DNA sizing ladders in electrophoretic separation matrices and their potential for accurate typing of the D1S80 locus SO APPLIED AND THEORETICAL ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE acrylamide; agarose; basepair; electrophoretic mobility; genetic markers; PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction); quantitative analysis; size-apparent and nominal ID ALLELES; PCR AB The 100-1,000 basepair size typical of PCR-amplified DNA fragments demands high resolution electrophoretic gels for the adequate characterization of small differences among samples, We have studied the behavior of a number of commercial sizing ladders in three classes of separation systems: polyacrylamides with discontinuous buffer, proprietary acrylamides with continuous buffer, and agarose-like materials with continuous buffer, None of the ladders examined perform adequately in any of these systems using vendor-supplied nominal ladder component basepair sizes. All ladders successfully typed D1S80 alleles after calibration with the allelic ladder (replacing the nominal size values with the least squares estimate of allele/matrix-specific apparent sizes), Some ladders and matrices are qualitatively better than others, No one ladder proved consistently better than others; a polyacrylamide gel with ribose modifier provided the most precise results in this study, Appropriately calibrated electrophoretic apparent sizes must be used for results to be validly exchanged among laboratories, Appropriate allelic ladders or a well defined subset of known alleles can serve as the calibration system. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Duewer, David/B-7410-2008 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ELECTROPHORESIS SOC PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0954-6642 J9 APPL THEOR ELECTROPH JI Appl. Theor. Electrophor. PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 33 EP 41 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VB049 UT WOS:A1996VB04900006 PM 9072079 ER PT J AU Sansonetti, CJ Salit, ML Reader, J AF Sansonetti, CJ Salit, ML Reader, J TI Wavelengths of spectral lines in mercury pencil lamps SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE mercury pencil lamp; wavelengths; Fourier-transform spectroscopy; spectral lines ID TRANSFORM AB The wavelengths of 19 spectral lines in the region 253-579 nm emitted by Hg pencil-type lamps were measured by Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Precise calibration of the spectra was obtained with wavelengths of Hg-198 as external standards. Our recommended values should be useful as wavelength-calibration standards for moderate-resolution spectrometers at an uncertainty level of 0.0001 nm. RP Sansonetti, CJ (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 6 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 4 U2 29 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 74 EP 77 DI 10.1364/AO.35.000074 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA TR773 UT WOS:A1996TR77300009 PM 21068979 ER PT J AU Reader, J Sansonetti, CJ Bridges, JM AF Reader, J Sansonetti, CJ Bridges, JM TI Irradiances of spectral lines in mercury pencil lamps SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE mercury pencil lamp; irradiances; spectral lines AB The irradiances of 37 spectral lines emitted by mercury pencil-type lamps were measured by comparison with calibrated continuum sources. The lines span the region 230-590 nm. For the 14 most prominent lines the absolute irradiances should he useful for radiometric calibrations at an uncertainty level of similar to 15% (95% confidence). The ratios of the irradiances for this same group of lines are significantly more reproducible; they should be useful at an uncertainty level of similar to 10%. RP Reader, J (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 6 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 78 EP 83 DI 10.1364/AO.35.000078 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA TR773 UT WOS:A1996TR77300010 PM 21068980 ER PT J AU Deeter, MN AF Deeter, MN TI Fiber-optic Faraday-effect magnetic-field sensor based on flux concentrators SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB The principles and performance of a fiber-optic Faraday-effect magnetic-field sensor designed around an yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) sensing element and two flux concentrators are described. The system design exploits the technique of polarization-rotated reflection in which a single polarization-maintaining optical fiber links the sensor head to the optical source and detection system. In the sensing head, ferrite flux concentrators are magnetically coupled to the MG sensing element to achieve maximum sensitivity. The system exhibits a noise equivalent field of 6 pT/root Hz and a 3-dB bandwidth of similar to 10 MHz. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Deeter, MN (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV OPTOELECTR,MS 81402,325 S BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Deeter, Merritt/O-6078-2016 OI Deeter, Merritt/0000-0002-3555-0518 NR 9 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 154 EP 157 DI 10.1364/AO.35.000154 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA TR773 UT WOS:A1996TR77300022 PM 21068992 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, WL Taylor, DM AF McLaughlin, WL Taylor, DM TI Untitled SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV WALES COLL CARDIFF,DEPT CHEM,CARDIFF CF1 3TB,S GLAM,WALES. RP McLaughlin, WL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV RADIAT PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 47 IS 1 BP R3 EP R3 DI 10.1016/S0969-8043(96)90029-9 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TM585 UT WOS:A1996TM58500001 ER PT J AU Lewis, EJ Farley, CA Small, EB Baya, AM AF Lewis, EJ Farley, CA Small, EB Baya, AM TI A synopsis of juvenile oyster disease (JOD) experimental studies in Crassostrea virginica SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Shell Disease in Marine Bivalve - Environment, Host, Pathogen Interactions CY MAR 29-31, 1995 CL BREST, FRANCE DE Crassostrea virginica; juvenile oyster disease; mortality; protist; conchiolin; bacteria AB In the late 1980's juvenile oysters, Crassostrea virginica, spawned and cultured in New England and New York, began experiencing up to nearly 100% mortalities in some batches of juveniles. The cause of these mortalities was not ascertained immediately, but examination of dead and dying oysters did not reveal a previously recognized disease syndrome. Early studies showed that it was not an environmental or genetic problem, thus we hypothesized that a new, transmissible disease agent caused the observed mortality. This was verified under laboratory conditions where the disease was readily transmissible. Transmission was enhanced by warm water temperatures, 22-26 degrees C, and salinities of 18-30 ppt. Also, the infectious agent was filterable and sensitive to erythromycin, supporting the hypothesis that the causative agent may be a protistan parasite in the 2-6 mu m size range. No evidence to support a viral or bacterial etiology was found. RP Lewis, EJ (reprint author), NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,COOPERAT OXFORD LAB,904 S MORRIS ST,OXFORD,MD 21654, USA. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS PI PARIS PA S P E S-JOURNAL DEPT, 120 BD ST GERMAIN, F-75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0990-7440 J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR JI Aquat. Living Resour. PY 1996 VL 9 IS 2 BP 169 EP 178 DI 10.1051/alr:1996020 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA UU091 UT WOS:A1996UU09100010 ER PT J AU Kao, JY Kelly, GE AF Kao, JY Kelly, GE GP ASHRAE TI Factors affecting the energy consumption of two refrigerator-freezers SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1996, VOL 102, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers , Inc CY 1996 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers AB Two refrigerator-freezers, one with a top-mounted freezer and one with side-by-side doors, were tested in the laboratory to determine the sensitivity of their energy, consumption to various operational factors. Room temperature, room humidity, door openings, and the setting of the anti-sweat heater switch were the factors examined The results indicated that the room temperature and door openings had a significantly greater effect on energy consumption than the other two factors. More detailed tests were then performed under different room temperature and door-opening combinations. The relationship of door openings and the equivalent test room temperature was established Finally: the effect on energy of different temperature settings was studied. Test results are presented and discussed. RP Kao, JY (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1996 VL 102 BP 525 EP 535 PN 2 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BG87V UT WOS:A1996BG87V00059 ER PT J AU Shull, JM Stocke, JT Penton, S AF Shull, JM Stocke, JT Penton, S TI Intergalactic hydrogen clouds at low redshift: Connections to voids and dwarf galaxies SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; FAINT GALAXIES; IRAS GALAXIES; SKY SURVEY; UNIVERSE; 3C-273; POPULATION; LUMINOSITY; DIRECTION; SLICE AB We provide new post-COSTAR data on one sightline (Mrk 421) and updated data from another (I Zw 1) from our Hubble Space Telescope (HST) survey of intergalactic Ly alpha clouds located along sightlines to four bright quasars passing through well-mapped galaxy voids (16 000 km s(-1) pathlength) and superclusters (18 000 km s(-1)). We report two more definite detections of low-redshift Ly alpha clouds in voids: one at 3047 km s(-1) (heliocentric) toward Mrk 421 and a second just beyond the Local Supercluster at 2861 km s(-1) toward I Zw 1, confirming our earlier discovery of Ly alpha absorption clouds in voids [Stocke et at, ApJ, 451, 24 (1995)]. We have now identified ten definite and one probable low-redshift neutral hydrogen absorption clouds toward four targets, a frequency of approximately one absorber every 3400 km s(-1) above 10(12.7) cm(-2) column density. Of these ten absorption systems, three lie within voids; the probable absorber also lies in a void. Thus, the tendency of Ly alpha absorbers to ''avoid the voids'' is not as clear as we found previously. If the Ly alpha clouds are approximated as homogeneous spheres of 100 kpc radius, their masses are similar to 10(9) M. (about 0.01 times that of bright L* galaxies) and they are 40 times more numerous, comparable to the density of dwarf galaxies and of low-mass halos in numerical CDM simulations. The Ly alpha clouds contribute a fraction Omega(cl) approximate to 0.003h(75)(-1) to the closure density of the universe, comparable to that of luminous matter. These clouds probably require a substantial amount of nonbaryonic dark matter for gravitational binding. They may represent extended haloes of low-mass protogalaxies which have not experienced significant star formation or low-mass dwarf galaxies whose star formation ceased long ago, but blew out significant gaseous material. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 UNIV COLORADO, JILA, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP Shull, JM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO, DEPT ASTROPHYS PLANETARY & ATMOSPHER SCI, CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON, CB-839, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 40 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1 BP 72 EP 77 DI 10.1086/117761 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TN578 UT WOS:A1996TN57800007 ER PT J AU Li, H McCRay, R AF Li, H McCRay, R TI Ultraviolet opacity and fluorescence in supernova envelopes SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line, formation; radiative transfer; stars, atmospheres; supernovae, general; supernovae, individual (SN 1987A) ID MODEL ATMOSPHERES; MAGELLANIC CLOUD; SPECTRAL-LINES; SN-1987A; EMISSION; CONTINUUM; DISTANCE AB By the time the expanding envelope of a Type II supernova becomes transparent in the optical continuum, most of the gamma-ray luminosity produced by radioactive Fe/Co/Ni clumps propagates into the hydrogen/helium envelope and is deposited there, if at all. The resulting fast electrons excite He I and H I, the two-photon continua of which are the dominant internal sources of ultraviolet radiation. The UV radiation is blocked by scattering in thousands of resonance lines of metals and converted by fluorescence into optical and infrared emission lines that escape freely. We describe results of Monte Carlo calculations that simulate non-LTE scattering and fluorescence in more than five million allowed lines of Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni. For a model approximating conditions in the envelope of SN 1987A the calculated emergent spectrum resembles the observed one. For the first 2 yr after explosion, the ultraviolet radiation (lambda less than or similar to 3000 Angstrom) is largely blocked and converted into a quasi continuum of many thousands of weak optical and infrared emission lines and some prominent emission features, such as the Ca II lambda lambda 8600 triplet. Later, as the envelope cools and expands, it becomes more transparent, and an increasing fraction of the luminosity emerges in the UV band. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Li, H (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 456 IS 1 BP 370 EP 383 DI 10.1086/176659 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TM837 UT WOS:A1996TM83700037 ER PT J AU Huchra, JP Brodie, JP Caldwell, N Christian, C Schommer, R AF Huchra, JP Brodie, JP Caldwell, N Christian, C Schommer, R TI Extragalactic globular clusters .4. The data SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies, stellar content; globular clusters, general; stars, abundances ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; DWARF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES; OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS; INTEGRATED LIGHT; STANDARD STARS; GIANT STARS; METALLICITY; M31; ABUNDANCES; SYSTEM AB We have explored the use of absorption line strength indices, measured from integrated globular cluster spectra, to predict mean metallicity in late-type stellar systems. In previous papers we identified the best indices for such metallicity calibrations out of similar to 13 measured in a large sample of galactic and M31 cluster spectra. In this paper we present the individual measurements of 13 indices and averages of multiple measurements, where appropriate. Data are given for 151 M31 globular clusters, 88 galaxies, 22 M33 cluster candidates, 10 M87 clusters, eight M81 globular clusters, three Fornax dwarf galaxy clusters, ''standard'' stars from the lists of Faber et al., stars in the open cluster NGC 188 and, for completeness, other stars observed as candidate globular clusters. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,LICK OBSERV,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR EUV ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NOAA,CERRO TOLOLO INTERAMER OBSERV,LA SERENA,CHILE. RP Huchra, JP (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 43 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 102 IS 1 BP 29 EP 55 DI 10.1086/192250 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TK928 UT WOS:A1996TK92800002 ER PT J AU Dryer, M AF Dryer, M TI MHD simulations of solar and interplanetary phenomena SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IAU Colloquium 154 on Solar and Interplanetary Transients CY JAN 23-27, 1995 CL PUNE, INDIA SP IAU Commiss 49, IAU Commiss 10, Indian Natl Comm URSI, Indian Space Res Org, Univ Grants Commiss DE solar-interplanetary; corona; solar wind MHD simulation; coronal mass ejections ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; FREE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; EVOLUTION; SHEAR; INSTABILITY; GENERATION; TRANSIENTS; DENSITY; FLARE; FLOWS AB Workers in the field of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) have been interested in the hypothesis that observed solar activities can be utilized in a deterministic way to predict the bulk flow consequences of these activities in the three-dimensional heliosphere. Exploration of this hypothesis, using the conventional/classic initial boundary value approach, will be reviewed against the background of basic, ideal (except for shocks) one-fluid approximations. This work has been divided into two parts: near-Sun simulations in two dimensions of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as well as interplanetary simulations in 2D and 3D of propagating shocks. In the latter case, the flows behind the shocks should be thought of as interplanetary ''ICMEs'', i.e., the interplanetary, evolutionary consequences of the near-Sun simulations. Initialization of these simulations has been based on observations (optical, soft X-ray, radio) from both ground- and space-based instruments. Simulation outputs have been compared with in situ plasma and field observations and interplanetary scintillations (IFS). Improvements in the initialization procedures - spatial/temporal variations of solar plasma and field parameters at the coronal base - are expected from YORKOH, SOHO, CORONAS-I, and TRACE experiments. ''Ground truth'' observations from WIND, SOHO, ACE, and INTERBALL experiments should then be compared with three-dimensional MHD outputs in tests of the fluid hypothesis noted above. C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP Dryer, M (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PY 1996 VL 243 IS 1 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1007/BF00644043 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA XH625 UT WOS:A1996XH62500020 ER PT S AU Kim, YK Hwang, W Rudd, ME AF Kim, YK Hwang, W Rudd, ME BE Osterheld, AL Goldstein, WH TI New model for electron-impact ionization cross sections of atoms and molecules SO ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS: TENTH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th American-Physical-Society Topical Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas CY JAN 14-18, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, US DOE, Off Energy Res, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Space Technol Directorate C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-552-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 381 BP 93 EP 105 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BG55C UT WOS:A1996BG55C00011 ER PT S AU Wiese, WL AF Wiese, WL BE Osterheld, AL Goldstein, WH TI The NIST spectroscopic database and two new critical data tables SO ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS: TENTH TOPICAL CONFERENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th American-Physical-Society Topical Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas CY JAN 14-18, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Phys Soc, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, US DOE, Off Energy Res, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Space Technol Directorate C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-552-6 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1996 IS 381 BP 177 EP 185 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA BG55C UT WOS:A1996BG55C00019 ER PT J AU McClelland, JJ Gupta, R Jabbour, ZJ Celotta, RJ AF McClelland, JJ Gupta, R Jabbour, ZJ Celotta, RJ TI Laser focusing of atoms for nanostructure fabrication SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Advanced Workshop on Atomic and Molecular Physics CY FEB 13-15, 1995 CL AUSTR NATL UNIV, RES SCH PHYS SCI & ENGN, CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA SP Austr USA Bilateral Sci & Technol Program, Austr Natl Univ HO AUSTR NATL UNIV, RES SCH PHYS SCI & ENGN ID LIGHT AB Laser focusing of atoms has emerged as a viable form of nanofabrication. Structures are formed by focusing chromium atoms as they deposit onto a surface. The focusing occurs in a standing-wave laser field in one or two dimensions, resulting in arrays spaced at exactly half the laser wavelength (lambda/2 = 212 . 78 nm). Atomic force, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies are used to view the fabricated structures. Improvements in the technique, including narrowing of the linewidth and extension to two dimensions are discussed. Theoretical predictions for the shape of the deposited structures are also discussed. RP McClelland, JJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,ELECTR PHYS GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McClelland, Jabez/A-2358-2015 OI McClelland, Jabez/0000-0001-5672-5965 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9506 J9 AUST J PHYS JI Aust. J. Phys. PY 1996 VL 49 IS 2 BP 555 EP 565 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TW719 UT WOS:A1996TW71900027 ER PT S AU Broccoli, AJ AF Broccoli, AJ BE Hill, D TI The greenhouse effect - The science base SO BAKED APPLE?: METROPOLITAN NEW YORK IN THE GREENHOUSE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Baked Apple - Metropolitan New York in the Greenhouse CY NOV 03-04, 1994 CL NEW YORK, NY SP New York Acad Sci, Engn Sect, Port Authority New York & New Jersey ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; CLIMATE FEEDBACK; GLOBAL CLIMATE; SOLAR-ACTIVITY; CO2; SENSITIVITY; INCREASE; CYCLE RP Broccoli, AJ (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. RI Broccoli, Anthony/D-9186-2014 OI Broccoli, Anthony/0000-0003-2619-1434 NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-969-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1996 VL 790 BP 19 EP 27 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32467.x PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BF88C UT WOS:A1996BF88C00002 ER PT J AU Miyazaki, M Oshida, Y Xirouchaki, L AF Miyazaki, M Oshida, Y Xirouchaki, L TI Dentin bonding system .1. Literature review SO BIO-MEDICAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE dentin bonding agent; dentin bond strength; surface treatment; acid-etching; bonding mechanism; hybrid layer ID RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; COMPOSITE RESIN; ADHESIVE COMPOSITE; SURFACE TREATMENTS; SMEAR LAYER; STRENGTH; MICROLEAKAGE; INVITRO; PERMEABILITY; INTERFACE AB Currently, clinicians face choices of restorations including amalgams (mercury-based, gallium-based alloys, or mercury-free silver-based substitutes), composite resins, ceramics, and gold alloy. In order to choose an appropriate restorative material, many parameters are involved; they include preparation time requirements, finishing and polishing, marginal integrity, anatomy and contours, chipping and fracture, sensitivity, microleakage, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. It is generally believed that amalgams are still evaluated as the best of all restorative materials as far as the aforementioned parameters are concerned. It is claimed that the amalgams exhibit in the range of 10 to 25 service years, while the composite resin exhibits ranging between 7 and 11 service years. When a composite resin requires a mass large enough for indirect fabrication, a bonding system is demanded with which this restoration should form an instantaneous, impervious, and stable bond to the tooth structure. Roughly a quarter century has passed since the research and development of a promising dentin bonding system was initiated. We are now in the fifth generation of the dentin bonding system, during the research and development of which various types of bonding agents as well as bonding models have been introduced. In this article, the history of development of the bonding agents and the understanding of the bonding mechanism will be reviewed. C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH DENT,DEPT RESTORAT DENT,DENT MAT LAB,INDIANA,PA. NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 128 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0959-2989 J9 BIO-MED MATER ENG JI Bio-Med. Mater. Eng. PY 1996 VL 6 IS 1 BP 15 EP 31 PG 17 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UM080 UT WOS:A1996UM08000002 PM 8727500 ER PT J AU Oshida, Y Miyazaki, M AF Oshida, Y Miyazaki, M TI Dentin bonding system .2. Effect of crosshead speed SO BIO-MEDICAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE dentin bond strength; tensile test; crosshead speed; strain rate sensitivity; modulus of elasticity ID COMPOSITE RESIN; RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; MOLAR EFFICIENCY; SMEAR LAYER; STRENGTH; ADHESION; MICROLEAKAGE; AGENTS; INVITRO AB Dentin bond strengths are normally evaluated by conducting mechanical tests in tensile and/or shear mode at a certain level of crosshead speed. According to the literature review, crosshead speed is varied in a relatively wide range from 0.1 mm/min to 10.0 mm/min (with the exception of a few studies conducted above 10.0 mm/min). It was also found that crosshead speeds of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mm/min were commonly employed to evaluate dentin bond strengths for both tensile and shear modes, although no rationale for selecting the crosshead speed was described in the articles. For testing dentin bond strengths, no plastic deformation should be involved, and fracture only should take place during the fracturing process. With the Scotchbond Multiple-Puurpose/Z100 bonding system, tensile bond strengths were evaluated at crosshead speeds of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mm/min. It was found that (i) there was no strain rate sensitivity when the test was conducted below the 1.0 mm/min crosshead speed, and (ii) if the crosshead speed exceeded 1.0 mm/min, a strain rate dependency of the tensile bond strengths was observed. Knowledge that the composite resin (Z100) did not exhibit strain rate dependency influenced the conclusion that (iii) the above observed strain rate dependency was solely due to the mechanical response from the bonding interface region. C1 NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 106 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0959-2989 J9 BIO-MED MATER ENG JI Bio-Med. Mater. Eng. PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 87 EP 100 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UP714 UT WOS:A1996UP71400003 PM 8761519 ER PT J AU Weetall, HH AF Weetall, HH TI Retention of bacteriorhodopsin activity in dried sol-gel glass SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE bacteriorhodopsin; sol-gel glass; light-sensitive protein; immobilized; entrapped ID SCHIFF-BASE; PROTON RELEASE; PHOTOCYCLE; WATER; PHOTOREACTION; DEPROTONATION; INTERMEDIATE; CYCLE AB The D96N mutant form of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) purple membrane fragments isolated from Halobacterium salinarium has been entrapped in sol-gel glass and dried. The photo-activity of the bR was monitored during drying over a period of 60 days. The entrapped bR was initially dried at 4 degrees C followed by room temperature storage. Samples showing constant activity after storage at 4 degrees C lost further activity at room temperature, eventually reaching a level where the activity remained constant. Upon further drying at 100 degrees C in a vacuum oven the glass lost an additional 11.4 +/- 1.3% weight and all remaining activity. RP Weetall, HH (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BIOTECHNOL DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PY 1996 VL 11 IS 3 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1016/0956-5663(96)88419-3 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TT948 UT WOS:A1996TT94800013 PM 8562012 ER PT J AU Lima, JL Pandey, PC Weetall, HH AF Lima, JL Pandey, PC Weetall, HH TI An amperometric flow injection analysis enzyme sensor for sucrose using a tetracyanoquinodimethane modified graphite paste electrode SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th World Congress on Biosensors CY 1996 CL BANGKOK, THAILAND DE sucrose analysis; flow injection analysis sensor; mediated biosensor; amperometry; TCNQ; glucose oxidase; mutarotase ID BIOSENSOR AB A flow injection analysis (FIA) enzyme sensor for sucrose is described. Two approaches were employed for the construction of the biosensor. In the first approach, the enzymes invertase and mutarotase were covalently coupled to controlled pore glass (CPG) particles and placed in a packed bed reactor. Glucose oxidase (GOD) and the electron transfer mediator tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) were incorporated into the graphite paste electrode. In the second approach, invertase, GOD and TCNQ were incorporated into the graphite paste electrode. The first system was capable of measuring sucrose in a concentration range of 0.025-200 x 10(-3) mol/l, whereas the second system was able to measure sucrose concentrations up to 2000 x 10(-3) mol/l. Assay times were 6 min with the first system and 12 min with the second system. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited C1 BANARAS HINDU UNIV,DEPT CHEM,VARANASI 221005,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. UNIV FED PERNAMBUCO,DEPT BIOQUIM,BR-50730901 RECIFE,PE,BRAZIL. UNIV FED PERNAMBUCO,LIKA,BR-50730901 RECIFE,PE,BRAZIL. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PY 1996 VL 11 IS 8 BP 719 EP 723 DI 10.1016/0956-5663(96)85922-7 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UN103 UT WOS:A1996UN10300004 ER PT J AU Weetall, HH AF Weetall, HH TI Biosensor technology - What? Where? When? And Why? SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB The author considers biosensor technology to be in a very early stage of development. There are many market opportunities, but several functional criteria need to be addressed if biosensors are to be viable in the open market. RP Weetall, HH (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BIOSENSOR TECHNOL GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 3 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1-2 BP R1 EP R4 DI 10.1016/0956-5663(96)83729-8 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA TR173 UT WOS:A1996TR17300022 ER PT B AU Golmie, N Masson, S Pieris, G Su, D AF Golmie, N Masson, S Pieris, G Su, D BE Lai, WS Jewell, ST Siller, CA Widjaja, I Karvelas, D TI Performance evaluation of MAC protocol components for HFC networks SO BROADBAND ACCESS SYSTEMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Broadband Access Systems Conference CY NOV 19-22, 1996 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE Cable TV networks; HFC systems; MAC protocol; contention resolution algorithm AB The IEEE 802.14 standard group is aimed at defining the Physical and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer protocols of a bi-directional Cable TV network using Hybrid Fiber/Coaxial (HFC) cables. Several MAC protocol proposals have been submitted to the 802.14 working group that has started the evaluation process in order to conceive a single MAC protocol satisfying all the HFC requirements.(1) One can think of a MAC protocol as a collection of components each performing a certain number of functions. An HFC MAC protocol can be broken into the following set of components: ranging or acquisition process, frame format, support for higher layer traffic classes, bandwidth allocation, bandwidth request, contention resolution mechanism. Ranging is the phase during which the round trip delay time to the headend is calculated and the station synchronization to the downstream timing is performed. The frame format element of the MAC defines the upstream and downstream frames and describes their contents. If the MAC needs to provide support for ATM, it also needs to differentiate between different classes of traffic supported by ATM, such as Constant Bit Rate (CBR), Variable Bit Rate (VER) and Available Bit Rate (ABR). Bandwidth allocation represents an essential part of the MAC and controls the granting of requests at the headend. Finally, the contention resolution mechanism which is maybe the most important aspect of the MAC consists of a backoff phase and a retransmission phase. This paper examines two of the MAG elements mentioned above, namely the contention resolution and the bandwidth allocation mechanisms. Different solutions for each component are considered and evaluated. Performance is measured in terms of request delay, mean access delay and access delay probability distribution. Simulation results for configurations and scenarios of interest are also presented. RP Golmie, N (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2319-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2917 BP 120 EP 130 DI 10.1117/12.257320 PG 11 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BG72N UT WOS:A1996BG72N00013 ER PT J AU Butler, JL Dahlin, KA Moser, HG AF Butler, JL Dahlin, KA Moser, HG TI Growth and duration of the planktonic phase and a stage based population matrix of Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OTOLITH MICROSTRUCTURE; MORTALITY; SEA; CALIFORNIA; PARAMETERS; PATTERNS; FLOUNDER; SURVIVAL; MATURITY; SARDINE AB We describe the age and growth of planktonic larvae and pelagic stages of Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus, from daily increments in the otoliths. By rearing larvae from eggs in the laboratory, we validated the formation of daily increments. Increment widths in the central core area are as narrow as 0.23 mu m, therefore, we imaged all otoliths with scanning electron microscopy. Larval Dover sole grow rapidly in length during stage one (6.5-55 mm), then apparently shrink during stage two and grow slowly during stage three and four. Stage one lasts up to 200 days, stage two about 100 days and stage three and four up to 400 days. The oldest pelagic fish aged was 867 days old. Development reaches stage three within 1 year and settlement may occur then, but a few Dover sole remain pelagic for over 2 years. RP Butler, JL (reprint author), NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NOAA,SW FISHERIES CTR,POB 271,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 SN 0007-4977 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 58 IS 1 BP 29 EP 43 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA TP479 UT WOS:A1996TP47900003 ER PT J AU Smith, WL Knuteson, RO Revercomb, HE Feltz, W Howell, HB Menzel, WP Nalli, NR Brown, O Brown, J Minnett, P McKeown, W AF Smith, WL Knuteson, RO Revercomb, HE Feltz, W Howell, HB Menzel, WP Nalli, NR Brown, O Brown, J Minnett, P McKeown, W TI Observations of the infrared radiative properties of the ocean - Implications for the measurement of sea surface temperature via satellite remote sensing SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION INTERFEROMETER SOUNDER AB The Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) was used to measure the infrared radiative properties and the temperature of the Gulf of Mexico during a 5-day oceanographic cruise in January 1995. The ocean skin temperature was measured with an accuracy believed to be better than 0.1 degrees C. The surface reflectivity/emissivity was determined as a function of view angle and sea state. The radiative properties are in good theoretical consistency with in situ measurements of ocean bulk temperature and the meteorological observations made from the oceanographic vessel. The AERI and in situ measurements provide a strong basis for accurate global specifications of sea surface temperature and ocean heat flux from satellites and ships. C1 UNIV MIAMI,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,MADISON,WI. RP Smith, WL (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN,COOPERAT INST METEOROL SATELLITE STUDIES,1225 W DAYTON ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Nalli, Nicholas/F-6731-2010; Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011; Brown, Otis/C-7188-2015 OI Nalli, Nicholas/0000-0002-6914-5537; Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201; Brown, Otis/0000-0003-3111-1507 NR 23 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0041:OOTIRP>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TT952 UT WOS:A1996TT95200003 ER PT J AU Assel, RA Janowiak, JE Young, S Boyce, D AF Assel, RA Janowiak, JE Young, S Boyce, D TI Winter 1994 weather and ice conditions for the Laurentian Great Lakes SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MICHIGAN AB The Laurentian Great Lakes developed their most extensive ice cover in over a decade during winter 1994 [December-February 1993/94 (DJF 94)]. Extensive midlake ice formation started the second half of January, about 2 weeks earlier than normal. Seasonal maximal ice extent occurred in early February, again about ?, weeks earlier than normal. Winter 1994 maximum (normal) ice coverages on the Great Lakes are Lake Superior 96% (75%), Lake Michigan 78% (45%), Lake Huron 95% (68%), Lake Erie 97% (90%), and Lake Ontario 67% (24%). Relative to the prior 31 winters (1963-93), the extent of seasonal maximal ice cover for winter 1994 for the Great Lakes taken as a unit is exceeded by only one other winter (1979); however, other winters for individual Great Lakes had similar maximal ice covers. Anomalously strong anticyclonic circulation over the central North Pacific (extending to the North Pole) and an abnormally strong polar vortex centered over northern Hudson Bay combined to produce a circulation pattern that brought frequent air masses of Arctic and polar origin to the eastern third of North America. New records were set for minimum temperatures on 19 January 1994 at many locations in the Great Lakes region. A winter severity index consisting of the average November-February air temperatures averaged over four sites on the perimeter of the Great Lakes (Duluth, Minnesota; Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan; Detroit, Michigan; and Buffalo, New York) indicates that winter 1994 was the 21st coldest since 1779. The unseasonably cold air temperatures produced much-above-normal ice cover over the Great Lakes and created problems for lake shipping. Numerous fatalities and injuries were attributed to the winter weather, which included several ice and snow storms. The much-below-normal air temperatures resulted in enhanced lake-effect snowfall along downwind lake shores, particularly during early to midwinter, prior to extensive ice formation in deeper lake areas. The low air temperatures were also responsible for record 1-day electrical usage and multimillion dollar costs associated with snow removal, U.S. and Canadian Coast Guard operational assistance to ships beset in ice, damage to ships by ice, damage to public and private property by river ice jams and associated flooding, frozen underground water pipes, and damage to fruit trees. C1 NOAA,NWS,NMC,CAC,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. NPOC,NIC,WASHINGTON,DC. NOAA,NWS,CLEVELAND,OH. RP Assel, RA (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ENVIRONM RES LABS,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 71 EP 88 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0071:WWAICF>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TT952 UT WOS:A1996TT95200005 ER PT J AU Lewis, JM AF Lewis, JM TI Philip Thompson: Pages from a scientist's life SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Item About an Individual AB Philip Thompson (1922-94) pioneered innovative approaches to weather analysis and prediction that blended determinism and probability. He generally posed problems in terms of simplified dynamics that were amenable to analytic solution. His preciseness in problem formulation and presentation in a forceful didactical manner are linked to his early home-schooling and experiences with a coterie of young intellectuals. Four of Thompson's contributions are examined with the intention of highlighting their impact on the current state of operational analysis and prediction. RP Lewis, JM (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0107:PTPFAS>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TT952 UT WOS:A1996TT95200008 ER PT B AU Feng, SC AF Feng, SC BE Gill, R Syan, CS TI Open systems interface specification for machining process planning integration SO CAD/CAM ROBOTICS AND FACTORIES OF THE FUTURE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on CAD/CAM Robotics and Factories of the Future CY AUG 14-16, 1996 CL MIDDLESEX UNIV LONDON, LONDON, ENGLAND SP Festo Ltd, Inst Elect Engineers, Inst Mech Engineers, Int Soc Prod Enhancement, Middisex Univ London, Univ Northumbria Newcastle HO MIDDLESEX UNIV LONDON AB A key issue of integrating process planning systems with design systems and production planning systems is how to overcome barriers in data exchange and sharing amongst software systems. Each software system has its own proprietary data format and definition, which is often not available to users. This paper presents the activity model and a machining process plan data model developed as an international product data exchange standard (ISO 10303-213). These two models were designed and developed to enable the integration of process planning systems with other manufacturing software systems, such as computer-aided design systems, machine tool control programming systems, resource management systems, production scheduling systems, and factory simulation systems. RP Feng, SC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MFG ENGN LAB,MFG SYST INTEGRAT DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY PRESS PI LONDON PA BOUNDS GREEN RD, LONDON, ENGLAND N11 2NQ BN 1-898253-03-X PY 1996 BP 1079 EP 1084 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BJ59X UT WOS:A1996BJ59X00172 ER PT J AU Allen, AJ Long, GG Kerch, HM Krueger, S Skandan, G Hahn, H Parker, JC AF Allen, AJ Long, GG Kerch, HM Krueger, S Skandan, G Hahn, H Parker, JC TI Sintering studies of nanophase ceramic oxides using small angle scattering SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID NANOCRYSTALLINE AB The microstructure evolution during sintering of nanophase ceramics has been followed using small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering. These techniques enable material microstructure parameters and surface areas to be measured nondestructively, and have been applied to study the effects of different sintering temperatures, pressures and additives. Depending on the sintered density, the scattering data from nanophase materials exhibit Pored scattering associated with the high surface area, scattering from the nanometer-size grains and pores, and interparticle interference scattering. By using samples of sufficient size and uniformity to permit absolute calibration of the scattering data, it has been possible to develop a fully quantitative microstructure model. Studies of nanophase yttria (powder, prepared by Nanophase Technologies Corporation, Burr Ridge, IL) and zirconia (powder, prepared at Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ) are discussed, and it is shown how small-angle scattering, in conjunction with density measurements, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, provides a unique probe of the statistically representative microstructures present in these novel materials. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD. US DOE,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,GERMANTOWN,MD. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH & MAT SCI,PISCATAWAY,NJ. TH DARMSTADT,DEPT MAT SCI,DARMSTADT,GERMANY. NANOPHASE TECHNOL CORP,BURR RIDGE,IL. RP Allen, AJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Hahn, Horst/G-9018-2011 OI Hahn, Horst/0000-0001-9901-3861 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PY 1996 VL 22 IS 4 BP 275 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0272-8842(96)84747-X PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA UW396 UT WOS:A1996UW39600002 ER PT J AU Williams, KL Sander, LC Wise, SA AF Williams, KL Sander, LC Wise, SA TI Use of a naphthylethylcarbamoylated-beta-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase for the separation of drug enantiomers and related compounds by sub- and supercritical fluid chromatography SO CHIRALITY LA English DT Article DE enantiomeric separation; chiral recognition; derivatized cyclodextrin; supercritical fluid chromatography; drug analysis ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; RESOLUTION; LIQUID; COLUMN; SFC; BLOCKERS; ENANTIOSELECTIVITY; SELECTIVITY; MECHANISMS; RETENTION AB Enantiomeric separation of a variety of drugs and related compounds was achieved on an (S)-naphthylethylcarbamoylated-beta-cyclodextrin (S-NEC-CD) chiral stationary phase (CSP) using sub- and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Compounds previously resolved on native or derivatized cyclodextrin CSPs in liquid chromatography (LC) using reversed phase or polar organic mobile phase modes could be resolved in SFC using a simple carbon dioxide/methanol eluent, Resolution of cromakalim, which is not possible on the S-NEC-CD column in LC, was readily accomplished in SFC. The importance of modifier, temperature, and pressure was assessed in relation to retention, selectivity, and resolution. The nature of the modifier and the modifier concentration were found to be crucial parameters. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RP Williams, KL (reprint author), NIST,DIV ANALYT CHEM,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 37 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0899-0042 J9 CHIRALITY JI Chirality PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-636X(1996)8:4<325::AID-CHIR6>3.3.CO;2-L PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Organic; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA VE886 UT WOS:A1996VE88600006 ER PT J AU Solomon, S Daniel, JS AF Solomon, S Daniel, JS TI Impact of the Montreal protocol and its amendments on the rate of change of global radiative forcing SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE; OZONE; SULFUR AB Increases in chlorinated and brominated halocarbons are believed to be responsible for the depletion of stratospheric ozone observed over much of the globe in the past decade or so. Ozone depletion is in turn believed to lead to a negative radiative forcing, tending to cool the stratosphere and the surface. We show that the increasing atmospheric concentrations of ozone-depleting halocarbons and onset of related ozone depletion likely led to a negative forcing of the climate system in the 1980s that slowed significantly the rate of change of total anthropogenic radiative forcing due to the combined effect of all greenhouse gases over that decade. Within the next decade, emissions of these halocarbons are expected to rapidly decrease, with corresponding impacts on ozone and radiative forcing. As the emissions of ozone-depleting gases are reduced and eventually phased out, the rate of ozone depletion is expected to decrease and eventually reverse: All other things being equal, we show that the change from deepening ozone depletion in the 1980s to ozone increases in the future should lead to a pronounced increase in the decadal rate of change of anthropogenic greenhouse forcing of the next few decades, perhaps to levels unprecedented in this century. C1 UNIV COLORADO,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Solomon, S (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Daniel, John/D-9324-2011 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JAN PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1 BP 7 EP 17 DI 10.1007/BF00141275 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TV036 UT WOS:A1996TV03600002 ER PT B AU Phillips, WD AF Phillips, WD BE Aspect, A Barietta, W Bonifacio, R TI Laser cooling and electromagnetic trapping of neutral atoms. SO COHERENT AND COLLECTIVE INTERACTIONS OF PARTICLES AND RADIATION BEAMS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF PHYSICS ENRICO FERMI LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International School of Physics Enrico Fermi Course CXXXI - Coherent and Collective Interactions of Particles and Radiation Beams CY JUL 11-21, 1995 CL VARENNA, ITALY SP Italian Phys Soc RP Phillips, WD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,ATOM PHYS DIV,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU I O S PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5199-281-5 J9 P INT SCH PHYS PY 1996 VL 131 BP 209 EP 242 PG 34 WC Optics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Optics; Physics GA BH37Z UT WOS:A1996BH37Z00010 ER PT B AU Hardis, JE AF Hardis, JE BE Bares, J TI Improving color measurements of displays SO COLOR IMAGING: DEVICE-INDEPENDENT COLOR, COLOR HARD COPY, AND GRAPHIC ARTS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Color Imaging - Device-Independent Color, Color Hard Copy, and Graphic Arts CY JAN 29-FEB 01, 1996 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE ASTM; calibration; chromaticity; CIE; color; colorimeter; matrix transformation; measurement; standards; tristimulus C1 US DEPT COMMERCE,TECHNOL ADM,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,RADIOMETR PHYS DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2032-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2658 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1117/12.236963 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF31D UT WOS:A1996BF31D00020 ER PT J AU Lee, KY Cha, DJ Hamins, A Puri, IK AF Lee, KY Cha, DJ Hamins, A Puri, IK TI Heat release mechanisms in inhibited laminar counterflow flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID METHYL-CHLORIDE; COMBUSTION; AIR AB Due to the participation of inhibitors in flame chemistry, it is difficult to concurrently characterize the complex interaction between their cooling action and chemical inhibition (which decrease temperature), and their contribution of heat release (which increases temperature). Investigations involving chemical inhibitors have to contend with three interacting phenomena, i.e., (1) the cooling action due to the specific heat of the species; (2) the heat release due to their burning; and (3) inhibition associated with scavenging of critical radical species. This study investigated the effect of chloromethane (a chemical inhibitor due to its halogenation) on the heat release in methane-air nonpremixed flames. For comparison, the effect on the heat release due to the purely thermal action of nitrogen (which does not exhibit chemical inhibition or heat release effects) was also investigated. The flames were experimentally and numerically studied in a counterflow configuration, and the heat release was calculated from simulations involving detailed chemistry. When inert suppressants were added to the oxidizer stream of a nonpremixed flame, the global heat release decreased. Chloromethane addition to the fuel stream, however, increased the heat release. Whereas addition of nitrogen narrowed the heat release region, chloromethane addition to the oxidizer altered the flame stoichiometry, such that the heat release profiles were markedly different. Halogenated compounds can influence radiative thermal losses from flames through changes in flame structure that effect the temperature and soot concentration. Therefore, a small Schmidt-Boelter type gauge was used to measure the radiative flux through a cylindrical control volume surrounding the flame, and the total radiation emitted from the flame was calculated by integrating the emitted flux. The results show that as nitrogen was added to the methane-air base flame, the radiative heat loss fraction decreased slightly. When chloromethane was added to the oxidizer stream, the radiative heat loss fraction increased substantially (approximate to 40%). Values of the radiative heat loss fraction remained relatively small (approximate to 2-3%) for all of the flames studied. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH ENGN M C 251,CHICAGO,IL 60607. NIST,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Puri, Ishwar/B-8734-2008; OI Puri, Ishwar/0000-0002-8713-4188; Puri, Ishwar/0000-0002-6638-5762 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JAN PY 1996 VL 104 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00105-0 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA TT746 UT WOS:A1996TT74600002 ER PT J AU Dobbins, RA Govatzidakis, GJ Lu, W Schwartzman, AF Fletcher, RA AF Dobbins, RA Govatzidakis, GJ Lu, W Schwartzman, AF Fletcher, RA TI Carbonization rate of soot precursor particles SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Clean Air Conference CY JUL, 1995 CL LISBON, PORTUGAL DE carbonization rate; soot precursor particles; smoke; soot formation ID LAMINAR DIFFUSION FLAMES; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DROPLET COMBUSTION; GROWTH; PYROLYSIS AB The presence of soot precursor particles in hydrocarbon diffusion flames is made clearly evident by means of contemporary sampling techniques in combination with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These particles are the immediate predecessors of mature, partially dehydrogenated carbonaceous soot aggregates, and recent analytical tests indicate they contain a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In this work, the conversion rate of precursor particles to carbonaceous soot aggregates is investigated. In one method the time interval for the morphological conversion of precursor particles to aggregates is observed in diluted diffusion flames. Temperature profiles are measured by rapid insertion thermocouple thermometry. This information is supplemented by the observation of the sudden decrease of the hydrogen mole fraction of soot precursor particles as measured by laser microprobe mass spectrometry. The Arrhenius rate constants for the carbonization of precursor particles are derived from these measurements. Illustrations of the use of this data in achieving high combustion efficiencies and reduced soot formation in combustion devices are discussed. C1 NIST,SURFACE & MICROANAL SCI DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Dobbins, RA (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. NR 30 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 10 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1996 VL 121 IS 1-6 BP 103 EP 121 DI 10.1080/00102209608935589 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WP803 UT WOS:A1996WP80300007 ER PT J AU Smyth, KC AF Smyth, KC TI NO production and destruction in a methane/air diffusion flame SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prompt NO; thermal NO; methane combustion; reburn chemistry; laminar diffusion flames; laser-induced fluorescence; rate analysis ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; NITRIC-OXIDE FORMATION; LAMINAR; CHEMISTRY; NITROGEN; COMBUSTION; PROFILES; RATES; FUEL; N2O AB Concentration profiles have been measured for naturally occurring NO in a laminar CH4/air diffusion flame burning on a rectilinear Wolfhard-Parker slot burner al atmospheric pressure. Linear laser-induced fluorescence of the A(2) Sigma(+)-X(2) Pi(i) (0,0) transition was excited using a frequency doubled tunable dye laser and detected with a dielectric filter/photomultiplier tube combination. The observed fluorescence signals have been corrected for (1) the Boltzmann population in the R(1)(17) rotational level of the ground vibronic state and (2) collisional quenching rates as a function of the local temperature and collider concentrations. The resulting relative concentration profiles have been calibrated using tunable diode laser absorption measurements of Hill and Miller [1994]. Both the overall NO production/destruction rates and the contributions from individual elementary steps have been derived; the latter analysis utilizes previously measured profiles of H, O, OH, CH, and CH3 as well as an estimated (CH2)-C-3 profile. The NO profile measurements alone do not distinguish its dominant production pathway in this co-flowing CH4/air flame, since the contribution of prompt NO production is obscured by competing CHi + NO destruction reactions. As a consequence of these reburn reactions, the observed peak NO concentrations are observed to closely track the maximum temperatures. A reaction path analysis and determination of NO fluxes strongly indicate that prompt NO production outweighs the thermal route, but uncertainities in determining the relative contributions to instantaneous NO production are large. RP Smyth, KC (reprint author), NIST,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1-3 BP 151 EP 176 DI 10.1080/00102209608935527 PG 26 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA WF998 UT WOS:A1996WF99800007 ER PT J AU Wang, CM Iyer, HK AF Wang, CM Iyer, HK TI Sampling plans for obtaining tolerance intervals in a balanced one-way random-effects model SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE cost function; expected width; variance components ID ANOVA RANDOM MODEL; LIMITS AB This article discusses sampling plans, that is, the allocation of sampling units, for computing tolerance limits in a balanced one-way random-effects model. The expected width of the tolerance interval is derived and used as the basis for comparing different sampling plans. A well-known cost function and examples are used to facilitate the discussion. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, STAT ENGN DIV, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT STAT, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0926 EI 1532-415X J9 COMMUN STAT-THEOR M JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 313 EP 324 DI 10.1080/03610929608831697 PG 12 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA TV038 UT WOS:A1996TV03800005 ER PT J AU Phelan, FR Wise, G AF Phelan, FR Wise, G TI Analysis of transverse flow in aligned fibrous porous media SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE permeability prediction; structure-property relationships; fibrous porous media; heterogeneous porous media; Darcy's law; lubrication theory ID MICROSCOPIC FLOW; RESIN FLOW; REINFORCEMENTS; PERMEABILITY; CYLINDERS; SURFACE; FLUIDS AB The permeability of preform materials used in liquid moulding processes such as resin transfer moulding and structural reaction injection moulding is a complex function of weave pattern, packing characteristics, tow structure and intra-tow properties. The development of tools for predicting permeability as a function of these parameters is of great practical importance because such capability would speed process design and optimization, and provide a step towards establishing processing-performance relations. In this study, transverse flow in aligned fibrous porous media has been investigated. A semi-analytical model based on lubrication analysis is derived to predict the effect of tow shape and intra-tow permeability on the overall bed permeability for flow through rectangular arrays of porous elliptical cylinders. The Brinkman equation is used to model flow inside the porous structures, and the Stokes equation to model flow in the open media between the structures. The model predictions are verified by comparing with rigorous finite element calculations. The model shows that the influence of the intra-tow permeability on the overall bed permeability increases with inter-tow packing, and increasing degree of tow ellipticity. The influence is particularly critical for 'stacked' geometries for which previous models predict a zero permeability. A method for predicting intra-tow permeability is also proposed and investigated by comparing the model predictions for overall bed permeability with some experimental data for flow in a model porous medium. The comparison shows that use of the method enables the experimentally measured permeability value to be properly bounded. RP Phelan, FR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 27 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/1359-835X(95)00016-U PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UD190 UT WOS:A1996UD19000005 ER PT J AU Clough, RB McDonough, WG AF Clough, RB McDonough, WG TI The measurement of fiber strength parameters in fragmentation tests by using acoustic emission SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acoustic emission; fragmentation; fiber composite; fiber strength; glass/epoxy ID SINGLE-FILAMENT-COMPOSITE; STATISTICS; LENGTH; MODEL; EPOXY AB The Weibull shape and scale strength parameters of E-glass fibers were measured in situ by counting the number of acoustic emission events (fractures) during the fragmentation of single-fiber E-glass/epoxy composites. A median subtraction filter provided a trigger signal sensitive to emission events but not to noise. Values obtained for the strength parameters are comparable to those obtained with optical microscopy. And, although there is considerable scatter, acoustic emission energy measurements tend to suggest that the recovery length is approximately constant at low stresses. Advantages of using acoustic emission are discussed. RP Clough, RB (reprint author), NIST,US DEPT COMMERCE,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PY 1996 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1119 EP 1127 DI 10.1016/S0266-3538(96)00076-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA WB630 UT WOS:A1996WB63000002 ER PT J AU Kunt, T Ratton, L McAvoy, T Fuja, T Semancik, S Cavicchi, R AF Kunt, T Ratton, L McAvoy, T Fuja, T Semancik, S Cavicchi, R TI Towards the development of an artificial nose for chemical process applications SO COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering - 6 (ESCAPE-6) CY MAY 26-29, 1996 CL RHODES, GREECE SP Working Party Comp Aided Proc Engn, European Federat Chem Engn ID IDENTIFICATION CAPABILITY; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; NEURAL NETWORKS; ARRAY; GAS C1 NIST,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Kunt, T (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM ENGN,INST SYST RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-1354 J9 COMPUT CHEM ENG JI Comput. Chem. Eng. PY 1996 VL 20 SU B BP S1437 EP S1442 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Chemical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UR310 UT WOS:A1996UR31000111 ER PT J AU Aikman, F Mellor, GL Rao, DB AF Aikman, F Mellor, GL Rao, DB GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A quasi-operational forecast/assimilation system for the US East Coast SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,COASTAL & ESTUARINE OCEANOG BRANCH,NATL OCEAN SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00001 ER PT J AU Schwab, DJ Bedford, KW AF Schwab, DJ Bedford, KW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI GLCFS - A coastal forecasting system for the Great Lakes SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 9 EP 14 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00003 ER PT B AU Chesneau, LS Feit, DM AF Chesneau, LS Feit, DM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Operational forecasting of Gulf Stream North Wall episodes SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,MARINE PREDICT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 76 EP 82 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00013 ER PT J AU Persson, POG Neiman, PJ Ralph, FM AF Persson, POG Neiman, PJ Ralph, FM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The role of a topographically generated potential vorticity anomaly in initiating a coastal wind reversal SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 120 EP 124 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00023 ER PT J AU Ralph, FM Neiman, PJ Persson, POG Nuss, W Dorman, C Neff, WD AF Ralph, FM Neiman, PJ Persson, POG Nuss, W Dorman, C Neff, WD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The evolution of a coastally trapped atmospheric disturbance along the California coast on 10-11 June 1994 SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 129 EP 135 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00025 ER PT J AU Kousky, JV Sienkiewicz, JM AF Kousky, JV Sienkiewicz, JM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An evaluation of model forecast skill for the hybrid Christmas 1994 cyclone SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,CLIMATE ANAL CTR,NATL METEOROL CTR,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 198 EP 201 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00040 ER PT J AU Girz, CMIR MacDonald, AE AF Girz, CMIR MacDonald, AE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Conceptual design and first results of a directed balloon sounding system SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,ERL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 255 EP 256 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00051 ER PT J AU Zervas, CE AF Zervas, CE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A water level forecasting system for Tampa Bay, Fl SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL OCEAN SERV,COASTAL & ESTUARINE OCEANOG BRANCH,NOAA,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 261 EP 264 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00053 ER PT J AU Houston, SH Shaffer, WA Powell, MD Chen, J AF Houston, SH Shaffer, WA Powell, MD Chen, J GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Incorporating HRD surface wind fields into the SLOSH model SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,HURRICANE RES DIV,AOML,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 265 EP 267 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00054 ER PT B AU Bosley, KT AF Bosley, KT GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Research aimed at prediction of water levels in the Chesapeake Bay SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL OCEAN SERV,NOAA,CEOB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 268 EP 271 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00055 ER PT J AU Kim, SC Chen, J Shaffer, WA AF Kim, SC Chen, J Shaffer, WA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An operational forecast model for extratropical storm surges along the US East Coast SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,TECH DEV LAB,OFF SYST DEV,NOAA,SILVER SPRING,MD. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 281 EP 286 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00057 ER PT J AU Lewis, JM Martin, WJ AF Lewis, JM Martin, WJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Estimation of the Bowen ratio over the Gulf of Mexico's continental shelf using buoy data SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 287 EP 289 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00058 ER PT J AU Garner, T AF Garner, T GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Integration of radar, satellite, and surface mesonet data in a coastal environment: Some operational forecast examples SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,NOAA,SPACEFLIGHT METEOROL GRP,HOUSTON,TX 77058. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 290 EP 295 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00059 ER PT J AU Purdom, JFW Dills, PN AF Purdom, JFW Dills, PN GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Use of GOES-8 imager data to detect and monitor ocean phenomena SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,NESDIS,FT COLLINS,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 306 EP 313 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00062 ER PT B AU Rinard, SK Powell, M Garza, C Hoogenboom, G AF Rinard, SK Powell, M Garza, C Hoogenboom, G GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Marine weather support during the 1996 Olympic Games SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,SO REG HEADQUARTERS,FT WORTH,TX 76102. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 331 EP 333 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00067 ER PT J AU Garza, C Rinard, S Powell, M Hart, P AF Garza, C Rinard, S Powell, M Hart, P GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Developing a comprehensive climatological publication for use by participants during the 1996 Olympic yachting events SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,FORECAST OFF,PEACHTREE CITY,GA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 334 EP 335 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00068 ER PT J AU Powell, M Rinard, S Garza, C Hoogenboom, G AF Powell, M Rinard, S Garza, C Hoogenboom, G GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Wind forecasting for the sailing events of the Summer Olympic Games SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,HRD,AOML,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 336 EP 343 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00069 ER PT B AU Gould, KJ Herbster, CG Korotky, JD Ruscher, PH AF Gould, KJ Herbster, CG Korotky, JD Ruscher, PH GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI WSR-88D, GOES-8, and MM5 Mesoscale Model observations of the Florida panhandle sea breeze circulation under different synoptic flow regimes SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32310. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 364 EP 369 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00074 ER PT J AU Gemmill, WH Peters, CA AF Gemmill, WH Peters, CA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The use of satellite derived wind data in high-resolution regional ocean surface wind fields SO CONFERENCE ON COASTAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC PREDICTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Coastal Oceanic and Atmospheric Prediction CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NWS,NATL METEOROL CTR,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 397 EP 400 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF41L UT WOS:A1996BF41L00080 ER PT B AU vonGlahn, P Stricklett, KL VanBrunt, RJ Cheim, LAV AF vonGlahn, P Stricklett, KL VanBrunt, RJ Cheim, LAV GP IEEE TI Correlations between electrical and acoustic detection of partial discharge in liquids and implications for continuous data recording SO CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE 1996 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation CY JUN 16-19, 1996 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP IEEE, Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3532-5 PY 1996 BP 69 EP 74 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG04Y UT WOS:A1996BG04Y00014 ER PT J AU Bisagni, JJ Gifford, DJ Ruhsam, CM AF Bisagni, JJ Gifford, DJ Ruhsam, CM TI The spatial and temporal distribution of the Maine Coastal Current during 1982 SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS; NOVA-SCOTIA; GULF; WATER; CIRCULATION; OCEANOGRAPHY; REGION; FLOW; MAPS AB The mean position of the cold, less-saline Maine Coastal Current and its spatial and temporal variability in the northern Gulf of Maine during 1982 were studied using optimally interpolated, satellite-derived, sea surface temperature maps and ship of opportunity data. Five-day averaged sea surface temperature maps were produced at five-day intervals at a spatial resolution of similar to 11 km from daily, spatially averaged, full-resolution, declouded Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data collected over the entire Gulf of Maine. Optimally interpolated mean sea surface temperature errors were less than half of the non-seasonal sea surface temperature root mean square variability over similar to 95% of the study domain, including the Maine Coastal Current region. Results showed that 82% (88%) of the non-seasonal sea surface temperature variance within an inshore (offshore) branch of the Maine Coastal Current occurred on time scales of 1-2 months with little variance occurring within the 10-day to 1-month band. Furthermore, the non-seasonal sea surface temperature fluctuations within both branches of the Maine Coastal Current were coherent within the lower frequency band. Sea surface temperatures and ship of opportunity data suggest that the non-seasonal physical, chemical and biological variability within the inshore and offshore branches of the Maine Coastal Current during 1982 are related and were caused by advection resulting from low-frequency variability in the geostrophic flow over Jordan Basin, and exclusive of salinity, may account for most of the observed low-frequency physical, chemical and biological variability measured within the surface and near-surface waters of both branches of the Current during 1982. Differences between the non-seasonal fluctuations of surface salinity measured within both branches of the Maine Coastal Current during 1982 may have resulted from additional forcing by both remote and local freshwater sources. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. RP Bisagni, JJ (reprint author), NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, NE FISHERIES SCI CTR, 28 TARZWELL DR, NARRAGANSETT, RI 02882 USA. NR 46 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0278-4343(95)00002-I PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA RW176 UT WOS:A1996RW17600001 ER PT S AU FullerRowell, TJ Rees, D AF FullerRowell, TJ Rees, D BE Keating, GM TI Numerical simulations of the distribution of atomic oxygen and nitric oxide in the thermosphere and upper mesosphere SO COSPAR INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE ATMOSPHERE (CIRA), PT III: TRACE CONSTITUENT REFERENCE MODELS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; PHOTO-DISSOCIATION; SOLAR CYCLE-21; MODEL; N(2D); NITROGEN; O(3P); DEACTIVATION; STRATOSPHERE AB A suite of one, two and three-dimensional models of the thermosphere and upper mesosphere have been used to make a theoretical and numerical study of the distribution of atomic oxygen and nitric oxide (NO), and their responses to varying solar and geomagnetic activity at equinox and solstice. The primary source of nitric oxide is from the reaction of excited atomic nitrogen, N(D-2), with molecular oxygen. The atomic nitrogen is created by a number of ion-neutral reactions and by direct dissociation of molecular nitrogen by photons, photoelectrons and auroral electrons. At mid and low latitudes, peak nitric oxide density occurs at 115 km as a direct consequence of ionisation and dissociation of molecular nitrogen by photoelectrons produced by the solar flux at wavelengths below 30.0 nm (XUV). Peak Nitric oxide densities at low latitudes near 115 km altitude are shown to vary by a factor of seven over the solar cycle, due to the estimated change in the solar XUV flux. This is in good agreement with the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) satellite observations. The diurnal variation at the peak height is relatively small, since the production by solar XUV and loss by solar dissociation both have similar zenith angle dependencies. At higher altitudes, above 150 km, NO density varies by more than an order of magnitude during the day. The modelled latitudinal distributions of NO at equinox predicts an equatorial peak, which is contrary to the observations by SME. The geomagnetic source dominates at high latitudes, due to the ionisation and dissociation by auroral particles. For all but extremely quiet geomagnetic conditions, peak NO concentrations occur at high latitudes, where the density of NO often exceeds the low latitude values by more than an order of magnitude. At solstice, peak NO concentrations occur within both the summer and winter polar regions. At solstice, within the summer polar region, solar and auroral production adds constructively, while in the winter polar region, the peak in NO density is due to auroral production, in the absence of solar photo-dissociation of NO. Atomic oxygen is created by the dissociation of molecular oxygen, by the solar flux from a broad UV and EW spectral range, and also by several neutral-neutral and ion-neutral chemical reactions. A strong seasonal/latitude variation in atomic oxygen density is created by transport of the species by the global circulation due to its long life-time in the thermosphere. Upwelling throughout the summer hemisphere depletes atomic oxygen densities, while the compensating downwelling in the winter hemisphere, particularly at middle and high latitudes, enhances the atomic oxygen concentration. Geomagnetic energy sources further modify the distribution of atomic oxygen by causing additional upwelling of the atmosphere in the polar regions, with associated horizontal advection of the species by the enhanced global circulation. Concentrations of atomic oxygen vary by more than a factor of five in the upper and lower thermosphere as viewed on a constant pressure surface. Significant seasonal and latitudinal changes occur as low as 90 km altitude. C1 UCL, ATMOSPHER PHYS LAB, LONDON W1P 7PP, ENGLAND. RP FullerRowell, TJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO, NOAA, SPACE ENVIRONM LAB, CIRES, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042892-4 J9 ADV SPACE RES-SERIES PY 1996 VL 18 IS 9/10 BP 255 EP 305 DI 10.1016/0273-1177(96)00062-2 PG 51 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF77W UT WOS:A1996BF77W00013 ER PT B AU Maupas, H Chermant, JL AF Maupas, H Chermant, JL BE Earthman, JC Mohamed, FA TI Importance of the elastic limit stress on the creep behavior of the 2D SiCf-MLAS SO CREEP AND FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Creep and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures CY AUG 10-15, 1997 CL UNIV CALIF IRVINE, IRVINE, CA SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Univ Calif Irvine HO UNIV CALIF IRVINE AB A nuance of glass-ceramic composites called 2D SiCf-MLAS was studied Specimens have been creep tested in different three-point bending experimental conditions: temperatures ranging from 1273K to 1473K, stresses from 50 to 260 MPa. Regardless of the conditions, it appears that the cr eel, behavior of these composites was strongly related to the damage history acquired during the loading, prior to the onset of the creep test. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA. RP Maupas, H (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-379-1 PY 1996 BP 621 EP 629 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BK36Q UT WOS:000071918900060 ER PT B AU Josell, D Carter, WC AF Josell, D Carter, WC BE Merchant, HD TI Implications and applications of zero creep experiments for the stability of multilayer structures SO CREEP AND STRESS RELAXATION IN MINIATURE STRUCTURES AND COMPONENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Creep and Stress Relaxation in Miniature Structures and Components, at Materials Week 96 CY OCT 08-09, 1996 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, Non Ferrous Met Comm ID INTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGIES; THIN-FILMS; GRAIN-GROWTH; TENSION AB The basic theory for determining interfacial free energies from the results of uniaxial zero creep experiments on multilayers is accompanied by some experimental results. Biaxial zero creep experiments utilizing wafer curvature techniques are also described. Modeling of instabilities associated with the interface and grain boundary free energies demonstrates some of the mechanisms by which the morphology of layered structures can degrade. Implications of successful and unsuccessful zero creep experiments on the mechanisms by which the morphology of the multilayer materials evolve are noted. C1 NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Josell, D (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-373-2 PY 1996 BP 271 EP 281 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BM48L UT WOS:000078875900020 ER PT J AU Jin, DS Ensher, JR Matthews, MR Wieman, CE Cornell, EA AF Jin, DS Ensher, JR Matthews, MR Wieman, CE Cornell, EA TI Quantitative studies of Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute atomic vapor SO CZECHOSLOVAK JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT 21) CY AUG 08-14, 1996 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Charles Univ, Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Acad Sci Czech Republ, Prague, Inst Phys, Univ Bayreuth, Germany ID SODIUM ATOMS; HYDROGEN; GAS AB We observe Bose-Einstein condensation (BEG) in a dilute atomic gas cooled below 280 nK. Rb-87 atoms are optically trapped and pre-cooled, loaded into a magnetic trap, and then evaporatively cooled through the BEC phase transition. We present results of quantitative studies of condensate fraction, interaction strength, and excitations of the condensate in this system. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Jin, DS (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,QUANTUM PHYS DIV,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU CZECHOSLOVAK JNL OF PHYSICS PI PRAGUE PA FYZIKALNI USTAV AV NA SLOVANCE 2, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC 180 40 SN 0011-4626 J9 CZECH J PHYS JI Czech. J. Phys. PY 1996 VL 46 SU 6 BP 3070 EP 3076 DI 10.1007/BF02548112 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA WH152 UT WOS:A1996WH15200032 ER PT J AU Hurtt, GC Armstrong, RA AF Hurtt, GC Armstrong, RA TI A pelagic ecosystem model calibrated with BATS data SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID STEADY-STATE DESCRIPTION; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; ATMOSPHERIC PCO2; CARBON-CYCLE; OCEAN; NITROGEN; ZONE; EFFICIENCY; ABSORPTION; AMMONIUM AB Mechanistic models of ocean ecosystem dynamics are of fundamental importance to understanding and predicting the role of marine ecosystems in the oceanic uptake of carbon. In this paper, a new pelagic ecosystem model that is descended from the model of Fasham et al. (Journal of Marine Research, 99 (1990) 591-639) (FDM model) is presented. During model development, the FDM model was first simplified to reduce the number of variables unconstrained by data and to reduce the number of parameters to be estimated. Many alternative simplified model formulations were tested in an attempt to fit 1988-1991 Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) data. The model presented here incorporates the changes found to be important. (i) A feature of the FDM physics that gives rise to a troublesome fall bloom was replaced. (ii) A biodiversity effect was added: the addition of larger algal and detrital size classes as phytoplankton and detrital biomasses increase. (iii) A phytoplankton physiological effect was also added: the adjustment of the chlorophyll-to-nitrogen ratio by phytoplankton in response to light and nutrient availabilities. The new model has only four state variables and a total of 11 biological parameters; yet it fits the average annual cycle in BATS data better than the FDM model. The new model also responds reasonably well to interannual variability in physical forcing. Based on the justification for changes (i)-(iii) from empirical studies and the success of this simple model at fitting BATS data, it is argued that these changes may be generally important. It is also shown that two alternative assumptions about ammonium concentrations lead to very different model calibrations, emphasizing the need for time series data on ammonium. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 PRINCETON UNIV, PROGRAM ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. RP Hurtt, GC (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV, DEPT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA. RI Armstrong, Robert/C-9086-2009; Hurtt, George/A-8450-2012 NR 54 TC 129 Z9 134 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 2-3 BP 653 EP 683 DI 10.1016/0967-0645(96)00007-0 PG 31 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UL210 UT WOS:A1996UL21000024 ER PT J AU Harrison, DE AF Harrison, DE TI Vertical velocity in the central tropical Pacific: A circulation model perspective for JGOFS SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; OCEAN; ENSO; VARIABILITY AB Results from a variety of experiments with a primitive equation ocean general circulation model are examined to provide insight about variations in vertical velocity (W) that may have occurred during the JGOFS Equatorial Pacific field program. Measurements of W during this period are not available, so a model offers the only plausible, dynamically consistent way to obtain this information. Variability associated with four different aspects of the tropical Pacific circulation is discussed: the seasonal average: the tropical instability waves (TIW); the interannual variability in strong and modest ENSO events; and the Kelvin response associated with remote forcing from westerly wind events in the western Pacific. Results from 140 degrees W are presented. According to the model, TIW provide the greatest source of W variability Near and somewhat north of the equator W can range from about 1500 cm day(-1) upward to 1000 cm day(-1) downward over a typical 30-day period, with significant structure in both the zonal and meridional directions. Remotely forced response can be very large on the day-to-day timescale, but diminishes typically to, at most, a few hundred cm day(-1) up or down when averaged over 10 days. Interannual variation associated with a major ENSO event can involve complete disruption of the seasonal cycle, the disappearance of TIWs and great diminution or disappearance of the normal equatorial upwelling. The seasonal cycle variations are of the smallest amplitude; the maximum Variation is perhaps 100 cm day(-1) near the equator and somewhat more just north of the equatorial waveguide in the downwelling part of the seasonal circulation. The field program period was studied using the different available wind analyses to force the model over the 1991-1992 period. Because the wind analyses have substantial differences, they force substantially different W fields in the ocean model. Unfortunately, no wind analysis can be shown to be substantially superior to any other during this period. Thus, estimates of the net vertical transport of any quantity of JGOFS interest must take into account the wide range of possible W values. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Harrison, DE (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. RI Harrison, Don/D-9582-2013 NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4-6 BP 687 EP & DI 10.1016/0967-0645(96)00026-4 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VR823 UT WOS:A1996VR82300001 ER PT J AU Bisagni, JJ Beardsley, RC Ruhsam, CM Manning, JP Williams, WJ AF Bisagni, JJ Beardsley, RC Ruhsam, CM Manning, JP Williams, WJ TI Historical and recent evidence of Scotian Shelf Water on southern Georges Bank SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; WIND-DRIVEN MOTION; WARM-CORE RINGS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SEA-SURFACE; SLOPE WATER; NOVA-SCOTIA; GULF; CIRCULATION; MAINE AB Historical data from 1912-1987 indicate that low salinity (less than 32.0 psu) near-surface water occurs occasionally on southern Georges Bank during May, while none occurs during April. Composite monthly plots of historical near-surface salinity and estimated advection rates show that the southwestern Scotian Shelf is the immediate upstream source of this low salinity water. Optimally interpolated satellite-derived SST and hydrographic data reveal that very cold (less than 2.0 degrees C), low salinity (less than 32.0 psu) Scotian Shelf Water (SSW), initially located south of the 200-m isobath off southern Georges Bank in early March 1992, moved north onto southern Georges Bank during April 1992. SSW was not as extensive during the same period in 1993, as evidenced by significantly higher temperatures and salinities. These differences show large interannual variability in the transport and/or properties of SSW flowing onto Georges Bank. Lower (higher) salinities measured during spring 1992 (1993) on southern Georges Bank are consistent with higher (lower) St Lawrence River discharge noted during spring 1991 (1992) and the similar to nine month lag between annual discharge maxima from rivers located upstream and minimum salinity at Cape Sable in February. However, comparisons between historical occurrences of low salinity (less than 32.0 psu) SSW on southern Georges Bank noted for May 1966, 1971 and 1978, and cumulative St Lawrence River discharge from the spring prior to each occurrence, show no relationship. This suggests that the occurrence of low salinity water on southern Georges Bank is not directly related to variations in upstream river discharge. Although an idealized model of wind forcing on a bank-trapped density front shows that nearsurface flow is related to superposition of an Ekman layer and the along-bank gyral circulation, evidence from late winter-spring 1992 and 1993 on Georges Bank shows that except for on-bank movement of the shelf-slope front during late spring 1992, simple Ekman theory does not explain on-bank movement of the SSW plume during 1992 nor the immobile nature of the shelf-slope front during late winter 1992 and late winter-spring 1993. Surface heat flux and satellite-derived SST from Georges Bank and the Scotian Shelf together with a slab mixed-layer model allows estimation of the advective heat flux and transport of SSW flowing onto Georges Bank from the Scotian Shelf during late winter-spring 1992. Mean advective heat flux onto Georges Bank during March-May 1992 is -14.5 mW cm(-2) with an estimated error of similar to 3.5 mW cm(-2), demonstrating that advection of cold SSW onto Georges Bank is required. Mean velocity and transport of SSW flowing onto Georges Bank during March-May 1992 are 13.4 cm s(-1) and 0.21 Sv, assuming a SSW depth (width) of 40 m (40 km), demonstrating that how of SSW onto Georges Bank was robust during the period. At this time, the dynamics that control the flow of SSW across Northeast Channel are unknown. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. RP Bisagni, JJ (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,28 TARZWELL DR,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 71 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1439 EP 1471 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00041-0 PG 33 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300002 ER PT J AU Meise, CJ OReilly, JE AF Meise, CJ OReilly, JE TI Spatial and seasonal patterns in abundance and age-composition of Calanus finmarchicus in the Gulf of Maine and on Georges Bank: 1977-1987 SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWEST NOVA-SCOTIA; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SHELF WATER; ZOOPLANKTON; DISTRIBUTIONS; CIRCULATION; DISPERSION; RETENTION; REGION; CYCLE AB The mean seasonal cycle and distribution of various life history stages of C.finmarchicus throughout the Georges Bank (GB)-Gulf of Maine (GOM) region were characterized based on 5966 MARMAP zooplankton samples collected during 106 surveys over a 10-year period (autumn 1977-autumn 1987). A high degree of seasonal and spatial variability in C. finmarchicus abundance throughout the region was evident in contoured portrayals of data, grouped into standard stations and 2-month ''seasons''. Eight subareas of the Gulf of Maine-Georges Bank region were identified through cluster analysis of standard stations having similar seasonal patterns in mean abundance of C. finmarchicus stages C3, C4, C5 and adults. These were the northern Gulf of Maine (Northern GOM); southern Gulf of Maine (Southern GOM); Scotian Shelf-coastal Gulf of Maine (Scotian-Coastal GOM); Mass Bay; tidally mixed Georges Bank (Mixed GB); tidal front on the Bank separating mixed from seasonally stratified water (Tidal Front GB); seasonally stratified water on the Bank (Stratified GB) and the Continental Slope adjacent to Georges Bank (SLOPE). A distinct seasonal abundance cycle was present in all subareas, but, the magnitude and timing of annual maxima varied greatly among subareas. Peak abundance was reached early (March-April) in Mixed GB, Tidal Front GB and Mass Bay, and late (July-August) in Northern GOM and Scotian-Coastal GOM. Remaining subareas had maxima in May-June. Abundance increased 10-fold from January-February to March-April and decreased sharply from July-August to September-October in all areas except southern GOM and northern GOM. The amplitude of the annual cycle was weakest in northern GOM and southern GOM, where high concentrations of C. finmarchicus persisted year-round, and strongest in the tidally mixed shallow water on GB, where the Sparsest densities of C. finmarchicus occurred most of the year. Abundance curves for the various areas converged in March-April, when C.finmarchicus was ubiquitously very abundant (> 10(4)/10 m(2)), and diverged from September to December. C. finmarchicus stage distribution in the GB-GOM area was highly negatively correlated with mean water column temperature during the stratified season. This seemed more related to the hydrography of the region, which isolates warmer well mixed Georges Bank from the Gulf of Maine and the stratified areas on the Bank, than to temperature, because Calanus abundances decline on the Bank before water temperatures exceed their preferences. A large part of the spatial and seasonal variation in C.finmarchicus abundance and age structure appears to be tightly coupled to major hydrographic regimes and to major circulation patterns in the region. There was a sharp ecotone between well-mixed Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine as defined by C.finmarchicus abundance patterns and life history distributions. The ecotone is present year-round but is most apparent during the stratified season (May-October), when thermohaline density gradients and the near-surface current jet along the northern flank are generally strongest. The Gulf of Maine had the highest abundances of C. finmarchicus, and lowest spatial and seasonal variation in the region, while tidally mixed Georges Banks displayed the opposite pattern. This indication of stable population centers in the Gulf of Maine would make it a major source of Calanus in the region, particularly during March-April. Distributional patterns also suggest a strong Calanus influence from Scotian Shelf water in northern Gulf of Maine and on the southern flank of Georges Bank. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NOAA,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. RP Meise, CJ (reprint author), NOAA,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,74 MCGRUDER RD,HIGHLANDS,NJ 07732, USA. NR 62 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1473 EP & DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00048-3 PG 28 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300003 ER PT J AU Sullivan, BK Meise, CJ AF Sullivan, BK Meise, CJ TI Invertebrate predators of zooplankton on Georges Bank, 1977-1987 SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID VARIABILITY AB Chaetognaths, primarily Sagitta elegans, were the most abundant and widespread invertebrate predator on Georges Bank during 1977-1987 MARMAP surveys. They were present in 79% of samples collected, and their average abundance was nearly an order of magnitude greater than that of any other predator taxon. Hydrozoan and scyphozoan medusae, euphausiid shrimp, and gammarid and hyperiid amphipods were also abundant. Diversity and abundance of predators was highest in the central, well-mixed region of the bank. In this region numbers of chaetognaths and cnidaria increased following increased abundances of Calanus finmarchicus. However, on a larger scale the density of C. finmarchicus populations was inversely correlated with number of predators because this herbivore was most abundant in deeper waters surrounding Georges Bank where predators were least numerous. Chaetognaths and cnidaria were more abundant in 1978-1979 than in other years, and there was a statistically significant decline in the abundance of chaetognaths over the 10 year period. Abundance of both these groups was inversely correlated with temperature. Average numbers of chaetognaths in summer were low following a warm winter. Abundance of cnidaria in summer decreased with increasing summer temperatures. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. RP Sullivan, BK (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1503 EP 1519 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00043-4 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300004 ER PT J AU Avery, DE Green, J Durbin, EG AF Avery, DE Green, J Durbin, EG TI The distribution and abundance of pelagic gammarid amphipods on Georges Bank and Nantucket Shoals SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB In this study, long-term, broad-scale zooplankton survey data were used to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution and abundance of gammarid amphipods present in the water column on Georges Bank. Delta-mean abundances computed from 10 years of data showed that gammarid amphipod abundances peaked in summer and again in fall. The amphipods were also most numerous in water less than 50 m deep. The statistical tests employed revealed no conclusive evidence for diurnal vertical migration. Interannual delta-mean abundances fluctuated approximately 5-fold between 1977 and 1986, ranging from 217 to 1181 amphipods 100 m(-3). Peak amphipod biomass occurred in July and was estimated to be 2.8 kcal m(-2). Using production-to-biomass ratios from the literature, mean annual production of amphipods in these samples was estimated to be between 1.6 and 9.8 kcal m(-2). Production in shallow areas was especially high, 22 kcal m(-2) year(-1). Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. RP Avery, DE (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1521 EP 1532 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00045-8 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300005 ER PT J AU Mountain, DG Strout, GA Beardsley, RC AF Mountain, DG Strout, GA Beardsley, RC TI Surface heat flux in the Gulf of Maine SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID OCEAN; VARIABILITY; WATERS AB The surface heat flux in the Gulf of Maine is estimated on a daily basis for the period 1979-1987 by combining air temperature, water temperature and wind speed data measured at a NOAA buoy in the central Gulf with insolation data from coastal stations and climatological parameters. The heat flux is compared with water column temperatures measured during the same period. The mean annual cycle of heat flux is similar to that reported by Bunker (1976) and to the rate of change in the heat content of the upper 100 m of the water column across the Gulf. The interannual variability in heat flux is dominated by the latent and sensible heat dux terms during winter and by insolation variability during summer. In the western Gulf the interannual variability in water temperature is significantly correlated with the heat flux variations. In the eastern Gulf, no relationship is found and the temperature variability is believed dominated by advective changes. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,NARRAGANSETT,RI. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. RP Mountain, DG (reprint author), NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1533 EP 1546 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00057-4 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300006 ER PT J AU Manning, JP Beardsley, RC AF Manning, JP Beardsley, RC TI Assessment of Georges Bank recirculation from Eulerian current observations in the Great South Channel SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID FLANK; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION AB Twenty Vector Averaging Current Meters (VACMs) were deployed at various depths in the vicinity of the Great South Channel during several experiments conducted between 1976 and 1986 (average record length similar to 5 months). Since little more than mean current vectors from some records has been reported previously, a basic description of the flow held is presented here. With at least one current record occurring in every month of the year, the hypothesis of increased subtidal flow around Georges Bank during the stratified season is supported. Anemometer data obtained at nearby NOAA environmental buoys and the Nantucket Lightship are used to estimate wind stress, the primary forcing in the well-mixed season. Empirical modes of current structure demonstrate the spatial structure and the seasonal variability of wind and density-driven dynamics in this region. When averaged over a few months, the northward transport through the Great South Channel (fall mean similar to 0.095 Sv) is small compared to the westward transport along the southern flank of Georges Bank (fall mean similar to 0.421 Sv), but the subtidal variability of the Great South Channel transport is highly energetic, with a standard deviation (similar to 0.11 Sv) greater than the mean, indicating that large reversals in transport can occur over a few days. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. RP Manning, JP (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,US DEPT COMMERCE,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1575 EP 1600 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00047-1 PG 26 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300008 ER PT J AU Lough, RG Mountain, DG AF Lough, RG Mountain, DG TI Effect of small-scale turbulence on feeding rates of larval cod and haddock in stratified water on Georges-Bank SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PLANKTON CONTACT RATES; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; GADUS-MORHUA; FISH; RECRUITMENT; ZOOPLANKTON; PREY; WIND AB A set of vertically stratified MOCNESS tows made on the southern flank of Georges Bank in spring 1981 and 1983 was analyzed to examine the relationship between larval cod and haddock feeding success and turbulent dissipation in a stratified water column. Observed feeding ratios (mean no. prey larval gut(-1)) for three size classes of larvae were compared with estimated ingestion rates using the Rothschild and Osborn (Journal of Plankton Research, 10, 1988, 465-474) predator-prey encounter rate model. Simulation of contact rates requires parameter estimates of larval fish and their prey cruising speeds,density of prey, and turbulent velocity of the water column. Turbulent dissipation was estimated from a formulation by James (Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, 5, 1977, 339-353) incorporating both a wind and tidal component. Larval ingestion rates were based on swallowing probabilities derived from calm-water laboratory observations. Model-predicted turbulence profiles generally showed that dissipation rates were low to moderate (10(-11)-10(-7) W kg(-1)). Turbulence was minimal at or below the pycnocline (approximate to 25 m) with higher values (1-2 orders of magnitude)near the surface due to wind mixing and at depth due to shear in the tidal current near bottom. In a stratified water column during the day, first-feeding larvae (5-6 mm) were located mostly within or above the pycnocline coincident with their copepod prey (nauplii and copepodites). The 7-8 mm larvae were most abundant within-the pycnocline, whereas the 9-10 mm larvae were found within and below the pycnocline. Feeding ratios were relatively low in early morning following darkness when the wind speed was low, but increased by a factor of 2-13 by noon and evening when the wind speed doubled. Comparison of depth-specific feeding ratios with estimated ingestion rates, derived from turbulence-affected contact rates, generally were reasonable after allowing for an average gut evacuation time (4 h), and in many cases the observed and estimated values had similar profiles. However, differences in vertical profiles may be attributed to differential digestion time, pursuit behavior affected by high turbulence, vertical migration of the larger larvae, an optimum light level for feeding, smaller-scale prey patchiness, and the gross estimates of turbulence. Response-surface estimation of averaged feeding ratios as a function of averaged prey density (0-50 m) with a minimum water-column turbulence value predicted that 5-6 mm larvae have a maximum feeding response at the highest prey densities (> 30 prey l(-1)) and lower turbulence estimates (<10(-10) W kg(-1)). The 7-8 mm and 9-10 mm larvae also have a maximum feeding response at high prey densities and low turbulence, but it extends to lower prey densities (>10 prey l(-1)) as turbulence increases to intermediate levels, clearly showing an interaction effect. In general, maximum feeding ratios occur at low to intermediate levels of turbulence where average prey density is greater than 10-20 prey l(-1). Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP Lough, RG (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 35 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1745 EP 1772 PG 28 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300014 ER PT J AU Werner, FE Perry, RI Lough, RG Naimie, CE AF Werner, FE Perry, RI Lough, RG Naimie, CE TI Trophodynamic and advective influences on Georges Bank larval cod and haddock SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE; PLANKTON CONTACT RATES; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; GADUS-MORHUA; FISH; GROWTH; CIRCULATION; MODEL; WIND; VARIABILITY AB Using a model-based approach, the relative effects of advective and trophodynamic (feeding and growth) processes are considered on populations of larval cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) on Georges Bank. Building on previous studies that describe the role of advection, this study incorporates trophodynamic relationships to examine starvation mortality and growth rates at the level of individual larvae on the Bank. Estimates of prey concentrations and flow fields appropriate for late winter/early spring are used. Both trophodynamic processes and advection influence larval losses from the Bank where, in the absence of starvation, advective losses are on the order of one-fifth of the eggs and larvae spawned on the Bank. Starvation is most important in the first feeding larvae and is much reduced for older larvae. The contact rates between larval fish and zooplankton prey when turbulence is included are 2-5 times greater than the contact rates with no turbulence, and allow the model cod larvae to achieve growth rates similar to those observed on the Bank, although mean rates for larval haddock are still lower than observed. Turbulence-enhanced contact rates are thus determined to be a necessary component in our description of the growth of cod and haddock larvae on Georges Bank. Model cod larvae with growth rates comparable to those observed in the held are located below the surface layer (deeper than 25 m) and inside the 60 m isobath. The region of highest retention due to circulation processes (Werner et al., 1993; Fisheries Oceanography, 2, 43-64) coincides with the region of highest growth rates and highest larval survival. Therefore, there is a complementary interaction between trophodynamic and circulation processes, with those larvae most likely to remain on the Bank also being those in the most favorable feeding regions. Haddock larvae require higher prey densities than cod larvae to survive. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 FISHERIES & OCEANS CANADA,PACIFIC BIOL STN,DEPT FISHERIES & OCEANS,NANAIMO,BC V9R 2K6,CANADA. NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. DARTMOUTH COLL,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Werner, FE (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,MARINE SCI PROGRAM,CB 3300,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. NR 55 TC 135 Z9 136 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1793 EP 1822 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00042-2 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300016 ER PT J AU Mountain, DG Taylor, MH AF Mountain, DG Taylor, MH TI Fluorescence structure in the region of the tidal mixing front on the southern flank of Georges Bank SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PHYTOPLANKTON; TEMPERATURE AB Transects of fluorescence measurements were made across the region of the tidal-mixing front on the southern flank of Georges Bank in 1992, 1993 and 1994. The fluorescence distribution exhibited three characteristic patterns: (i) a subsurface maximum associated with the pycnocline in stratified water columns; (ii) a spatially incoherent variability with a characteristic spectral slope, believed to be related to the local vertical mixing processes; and (iii) a higher level of fluorescence within the front on some transects. This latter pattern was observed when the tidal current amplitude had recently increased with the local fortnightly/monthly variability. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd RP Mountain, DG (reprint author), NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1831 EP 1853 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00054-9 PG 23 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300018 ER PT J AU Lough, RG Caldarone, EM Rotunno, TK Broughton, EA Burns, BR Buckley, LJ AF Lough, RG Caldarone, EM Rotunno, TK Broughton, EA Burns, BR Buckley, LJ TI Vertical distribution of cod and haddock eggs and larvae, feeding and condition in stratified and mixed waters on southern Georges Bank, May 1992 SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID RNA-DNA RATIO; GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; NUTRITIONAL CONDITION; CLUPEA-HARENGUS; RNA/DNA RATIOS AB In late May 1992, cod and haddock eggs and larvae were sampled at discrete depths using MOCNESS on the southern flank of Georges Bank when seasonal stratification of the water column was developing. A deeper, stratified site (80-m bottom) was sampled over 7 days in relation to the temporal evolution of vertical structure and compared to a nearby shoal, mixed site (50 m). Sampling also was conducted to the west along two transects in the Great South Channel. Larval biochemical composition was measured and nutritional condition inferred from RNA:DNA ratios. During the period 22-24 May 1992, surface warming resulted in a temperature gradient from 6 to 10 degrees C (0.6 sigma(t) units) in the upper 20 m at the stratified site. Gadid eggs (93% haddock) were most abundant (6-14 per 100 m(3), on average) in the surface 20 m, with maximum density just above the base of the thermocline at 20-10 m. The few recently-hatched larvae (5-6 mm) caught were broadly distributed in the water column, with maximum average densities (1-3 per 100 m(3)) deeper at 10-40 m. The naupliar and copepodite stages of Pseudocalanus spp. were principal prey of these larvae, and also were more abundant (3-7 prey l(-1)) in the surface 20 m, with a maximum density at 20-10 m. A moderate storm on 25 May mixed the upper part of the water column to 5-6 degrees C. The day after the storm, gadid eggs and copepods had highest densities in the surface 10 m. At the shoal (mixed site) egg densities were low (1-3 per 100 m(3)) and distributed evenly through the water column. Cod and haddock larvae were larger (7-8 mm modal length) and more abundant than at the stratified site. At night, they were evenly distributed at 4-6 per 100 m(3) on average, but by day, maximum density increased to 616 per 100 m(3) in the deepest strata sampled (40-30 m). The larger larvae at this site preyed predominantly on copepodite stages of Pseudocalanus spp., which were uniformly distributed in the water column. Of all the larvae sampled for biochemical analysis, 10% of haddock and 1.5% of cod had ratios below 4.1. Based on laboratory studies, fish larvae with RNA:DNA ratios below 4.1 are considered to have been in poor condition. There were no larvae in poor condition at the Great South Channel Transect, where their mean size was greatest; no larvae were collected at the stratified site, for comparison. At the mixed site, cod larvae sampled before and after the storm had identical ratios, while haddock larvae had significantly higher ratios after the storm. Larvae from different sampling depths had significantly different ratios, inferring that they remained together long enough to acquire a unique signature. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,NARRAGANSETT LAB,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,NOAA CMER PROGRAM,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882. RP Lough, RG (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE LAB,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 45 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1875 EP 1904 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00053-7 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300020 ER PT J AU Benfield, MC Davis, CS Wiebe, PH Gallager, SM Lough, RG Copley, NJ AF Benfield, MC Davis, CS Wiebe, PH Gallager, SM Lough, RG Copley, NJ TI Video Plankton Recorder estimates of copepod, pteropod and larvacean distributions from a stratified region of Georges Bank with comparative measurements from a MOCNESS sampler SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SILHOUETTE PHOTOGRAPHY; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; IN-SITU; ZOOPLANKTON; ABUNDANCE; ICHTHYOPLANKTON; PATCHINESS; BIOMASS; SYSTEM; RING AB A two-vessel exercise was conducted over the southern flank of Georges Bank during the onset of vernal stratification in May 1992. The Video Plankton Recorder (VPR), a towed video system, was used to map out the fine-scale distributions of zooplankton to a depth of 70 m along a trackline which described a regular grid (3.5 x 4.5 km) in Lagrangian space. A second vessel following a parallel course conducted Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) sampling during the last section of the grid, which provided an opportunity to compare data from the two systems. Both the VPR and the MOCNESS provided similar data on the taxonomic composition of the plankton which was numerically dominated by copepods (Calanus, Pseudocalanus, Oithona), pteropods (Limacina) and larvaceans (Oikopleura). The absence of rare (<43.1 m(-3)) species from the VPR dataset was a consequence of the small volume sampled (0.0694 m(3)) by the high magnification camera, while fragile gelatinous taxa were undersampled by the MOCNESS. Estimates of copepod and pteropod concentrations were comparable for the two gear types. While the species composition of the plankton did not change statistically along the grid, abundances of the dominant taxa varied along the transect and each taxon demonstrated pronounced fine-scale vertical patterns that appeared to be related to hydrographic features. The VPR represents a powerful tool for rapid surveys of the micro- to fine-scale structure of zooplankton assemblages either alone, or in conjunction with other sampling techniques. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,DEPT BIOL,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. OI Copley, Nancy/0000-0003-1473-8789 NR 43 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1925 EP 1945 DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00044-6 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300022 ER PT J AU Wiebe, PH Mountain, DG Stanton, TK Greene, CH Lough, G Kaartvedt, S Dawson, J Copley, N AF Wiebe, PH Mountain, DG Stanton, TK Greene, CH Lough, G Kaartvedt, S Dawson, J Copley, N TI Acoustical study of the spatial distribution of plankton on Georges Bank and the relationship between volume backscattering strength and the taxonomic composition of the plankton SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ZOOPLANKTON DISPLACEMENT VOLUME; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS; SEDIMENTARY FURROWS; WET WEIGHT; DRY-WEIGHT; MICRONEKTON; BIOMASS; CARBON AB High frequency (420 kHz) sound was used to study the volume backscattering from plankton and micronekton over Georges Bank as part of a study designed to determine the correlation length scales of plankton spatial patterns in relation to physical structure and to intercompare different kinds of sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation. Two physically distinct areas were studied: a well-mixed area in a shallow portion of the Bank and a stratified area on the deeper southern flank of the Bank. A submersible echo sounder with a down-looking transducer was mounted in a towed V-fin. Volume backscattering data were collected from near the sea surface to the bottom (40-80 m). Vertical and horizontal volume backscattering structure in the stratified region differed from that in the well-mixed area in both mean and variance, providing evidence that physical forcing of the pattern varied significantly between the two areas. Internal waves appeared to modulate the depth of dense mid-depth volume scattering layers in the stratified sites. In the mixed area, there was little horizontal layering or coarse-scale horizontal structure. However, fine-scale vertical lineations were evident with horizontal length scales on the order of the depth of the water column. One hypothesis to explain these vertical lineations in the well-mixed areas involves the development of secondary vertical circulation cells associated with the tidal hows over a rough bottom. Although volume backscattering at the stratified sites was 4-7 times higher than at the mixed site, there was no significant difference in MOCNESS (Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System) collected biovolumes between these locations. The difference in volume backscattering was due to differences in both the acoustic scattering properties of zooplankton taxa and the taxonomic composition of the plankton between the sites. Correlations between taxon abundance and volume scattering were positive and significant only for pteropods and euphausiid larvae. The abundances of copepods, chaetognaths, fish larvae, and amphipods were not significantly correlated with volume scattering. When taxon-specific model predictions of acoustic backscattering cross-section, developed by Stanton et al. (ICES Journal of Marine Science, 51 (1994) 505-512), were used with field collected individual size and abundance data to predict measured volume backscattering data, good agreement was found between observed and predicted volume backscattering strengths. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY. UNIV OSLO,DEPT BIOL,OSLO,NORWAY. BIOSON INC,SEATTLE,WA. RP Wiebe, PH (reprint author), WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. OI Copley, Nancy/0000-0003-1473-8789 NR 32 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1996 VL 43 IS 7-8 BP 1971 EP & DI 10.1016/S0967-0645(96)00039-2 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA WB783 UT WOS:A1996WB78300024 ER PT J AU Matsuya, Y Antonucci, JM Matsuya, S Takagi, S Chow, LC AF Matsuya, Y Antonucci, JM Matsuya, S Takagi, S Chow, LC TI Polymeric calcium phosphate cements derived from poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic acid) SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CANAL SEALER-FILLER AB Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of forming polymeric calcium phosphate cements from a mixed powder of dicalcium phosphate/tetracalcium phosphate or only tetracalcium phosphate and poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic acid) (PMVE-Ma), and to study their setting reaction. Methods. The setting reaction process of the polymeric cements was evaluated by mechanical strength tests, infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis and compared with that of a water-setting calcium phosphate cement. The mechanical strength data were analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe's multiple comparisons test. Results. Cements prepared from the mixed powder and 25-30 wt% aqueous solutions of PMVE-Ma had high mechanical strength after 24 h storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C. The hardening mechanism depended on an acid-base reaction between the carboxyl groups of PMVE-Ma and the mixed powder, especially its tetracalcium phosphate component. The formation of hydroxyapatite in the polymeric calcium phosphate cement was not detected and is apparently inhibited as a result of the competing reaction of PMVE-Ma with the mixed powder. Significance. The cement-forming reaction was significantly faster than that of a water-setting calcium phosphate cement and slower than that observed with the mixed powder and polyacids such as poly(acrylic acid). The characteristics of the polymeric cements suggest that the materials may be useful in cavity lining or endodontic sealing. C1 KYUSHU UNIV,FAC DENT,DEPT CONSERVAT DENT 2,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,DENT & MED MAT GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. KYUSHU UNIV,FAC DENT,DEPT DENT MAT & ENGN,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [2Y01-DE30001, DE09322] NR 11 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACAD DENTAL MATERIALS PI DALLAS PA BAYLOR COLLEGE DENTISTRY, 3302 GASTON AVE, DALLAS, TX 75266-0677 SN 0109-5641 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 2 EP 7 DI 10.1016/S0109-5641(96)80056-X PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA TU395 UT WOS:A1996TU39500001 PM 8598246 ER PT B AU Nelsen, TA AF Nelsen, TA BE Angelakis, AN Issar, AS TI Coastal ocean water resources: Linkages with terrestrial freshwater resources, anthropogenic influences and climate change SO DIACHRONIC CLIMATIC IMPACTS ON WATER RESOURCES SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTE SERIES, SERIES I, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT CHANGE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Diachronic Climatic Impacts on Water Resources CY OCT 17-23, 1993 CL IRAKLION, GREECE SP NATO C1 NOAA,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,OCD,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY BN 3-540-60561-4 J9 NATO ASI SER SER I PY 1996 VL 36 BP 319 EP 347 PG 29 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE66W UT WOS:A1996BE66W00014 ER PT S AU Ott, AK Casey, SM Alstrin, AL Leone, SR AF Ott, AK Casey, SM Alstrin, AL Leone, SR BE Pang, SW Glembocki, OJ Pollak, FH Celii, FG SotomayorTorres, CM TI Single-photon ionization, in situ optical diagnostic of molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaAs SO DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS PROCESSING II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Diagnostic Techniques for Semiconductor Materials Processing II, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 UNIV COLORADO,NIST,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-309-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 406 BP 101 EP 107 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BF20G UT WOS:A1996BF20G00015 ER PT S AU Amirtharaj, PM ChandlerHorowitz, D Bour, DP AF Amirtharaj, PM ChandlerHorowitz, D Bour, DP BE Pang, SW Glembocki, OJ Pollak, FH Celii, FG SotomayorTorres, CM TI Double modulation and selective excitation photoreflectance for characterizing highly luminescent semiconductor structures and samples with poor surface morphology SO DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS PROCESSING II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Diagnostic Techniques for Semiconductor Materials Processing II, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20874. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-309-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 406 BP 229 EP 240 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BF20G UT WOS:A1996BF20G00034 ER PT S AU Wallace, WE Wu, WL AF Wallace, WE Wu, WL BE Pang, SW Glembocki, OJ Pollak, FH Celii, FG SotomayorTorres, CM TI Determining thin film density by energy-dispersive x-ray reflectivity: Application to a spin-on-glass dielectric SO DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS PROCESSING II SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Diagnostic Techniques for Semiconductor Materials Processing II, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-309-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 406 BP 503 EP 508 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BF20G UT WOS:A1996BF20G00075 ER PT S AU Boisvert, R Browne, S Dongarra, J Grosse, E AF Boisvert, R Browne, S Dongarra, J Grosse, E BE Adam, NR Bhargava, BK Halem, M Yesha, Y TI Digital software and data repositories for support of scientific computing SO DIGITAL LIBRARIES: RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ADL 95 Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries CY MAY 15-17, 1995 CL MCLEAN, VA SP NASA C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AT&T BELL LABS,NAPERVILLE,IL 60566. RP Boisvert, R (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-61410-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1996 VL 1082 BP 103 EP 114 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BH38D UT WOS:A1996BH38D00009 ER PT S AU Muzny, CD Butler, BD Hanley, HJM AF Muzny, CD Butler, BD Hanley, HJM BE Cummins, HZ Durian, DJ Johnson, DL Stanley, HE TI Evolution of the structure factor in gelling dense colloidal silica SO DISORDERED MATERIALS AND INTERFACES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Disordered Materials and Interfaces CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-310-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 407 BP 87 EP 92 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA BF25P UT WOS:A1996BF25P00013 ER PT S AU Colucci, DM Schultheisz, CR McKenna, GB AF Colucci, DM Schultheisz, CR McKenna, GB BE Cummins, HZ Durian, DJ Johnson, DL Stanley, HE TI Dynamics of structural recovery and mechanical response of polymeric liquids near to the glass transition SO DISORDERED MATERIALS AND INTERFACES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Disordered Materials and Interfaces CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI McKenna, Gregory/O-1134-2013 OI McKenna, Gregory/0000-0002-5676-9930 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-310-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 407 BP 227 EP 232 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA BF25P UT WOS:A1996BF25P00034 ER PT B AU Garris, M AF Garris, M BE Vincent, LM Hull, JJ TI Intelligent form removal with character stroke preservation SO DOCUMENT RECOGNITION III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Conference on Document Recognition CY JAN 29-30, 1996 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE character preservation; confusion matrix; line detection; forms processing form removal; Hough transform; optical character recognition; public domain; Student's t test C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2034-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2660 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1117/12.234713 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF18X UT WOS:A1996BF18X00029 ER PT S AU Deprit, A AF Deprit, A BE FerrazMello, S Morando, B Arlot, JE TI Symbolic algebra and celestial mechanics SO DYNAMICS, EPHEMERIDES AND ASTROMETRY OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA French DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 172nd Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Dynamics, Ephemerides and Astrometry of the Solar System CY JUL 03-08, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Astron Union RP Deprit, A (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-4084-1 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1996 IS 172 BP 267 EP 282 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BG13M UT WOS:A1996BG13M00045 ER PT J AU Menzel, WP Purdom, JFW AF Menzel, WP Purdom, JFW TI Introducing GOES-1: The first of a new generation of geostationary operational environmental satellites .1. The satellite sensor systems, quality control procedures for converting data into products SO EARTH OBSERVATION AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VAS AB This article describes the features of the GOES-1 spacecraft and instruments, imaging and sounding schedules, data handling systems, and remote sensing products. C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,BRANCH NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE,FT COLLINS,CO. RP Menzel, WP (reprint author), NOAA,SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,ADV SATELLITE PROD,PRJECT NATL ENVIRONM,MADISON,WI, USA. RI Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011 OI Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1024-5251 J9 EARTH OBS REMOT SEN+ JI Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PY 1996 VL 14 IS 1 BP 81 EP 99 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA WC398 UT WOS:A1996WC39800008 ER PT J AU Menzel, WP Purdom, JFW AF Menzel, WP Purdom, JFW TI Introducing GOES-1: The first of a new generation of geostationary operational environmental satellites .2. The data flow to the users, probable imager and sounder schedules SO EARTH OBSERVATION AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VAS AB Simulations of GOES-1 imager and sounder products are presented and compared with GOES-7 products. These simulations show that GOES-1 imagery, derived product images, and sounder products should provide a significant improvement in both frequency of coverage and accuracy. C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,FT COLLINS,CO. RP Menzel, WP (reprint author), NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE INFORMAT SERV,ADV SATELLITE PROD PROJECT,MADISON,WI, USA. RI Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011 OI Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1024-5251 J9 EARTH OBS REMOT SEN+ JI Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 263 EP & PG 44 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA WR986 UT WOS:A1996WR98600009 ER PT B AU Solomon, S AF Solomon, S BE Wharton, JJ TI Ozone SO EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND GLOBAL CHANGE DECISION MAKING, 1995: A NATIONAL PARTNERSHIP, VOL V: UNDERSTANDING EARTH: RETROSPECTIVES AND VISIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference in Celebration of the 25th Anniversary of Earth Day on Understanding Earth - Retrospectives and Visions CY APR 05-06, 1995 CL ANN ARBOR, MI SP NASA, NOAA, Natl Sci Fdn, Environm Res Inst Michigan C1 NOAA,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST MICHIGAN PI ANN ARBOR PA PO BOX 134001, ANN ARBOR, MI 48113-4001 BN 0-9603590-4-4 PY 1996 BP 25 EP 31 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BF64V UT WOS:A1996BF64V00006 ER PT B AU Rao, CRN Chen, JH Zhang, N AF Rao, CRN Chen, JH Zhang, N BE Barnes, WL TI Sensitivity analysis of the post-launch calibration of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer using a desert calibration target SO EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Earth Observing System CY AUG 05-06, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, N Amer Remote Sensing Ind Assoc, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing AB Preliminary results of a sensitivity analysis of the post-launch calibration of the visible(channel 1; approximate to 0.58 - 0.68 mu m) and near-infrared(channel 2; approximate to 0.72 - 1.1 mu m) channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer using the southeastern part of the Libyan desert(21-23 degrees N; 28-29 degrees E) as a radiometrically stable calibration target;Ire presented. It is observed that small but finite changes in the Lambertian surface albedo, and in the contributions of gaseous and particulate scattering and absorption to the upward radiation at the top of the atmosphere lead to changes in the relative degradation rates of comparable magnitude. RP Rao, CRN (reprint author), NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,CLIMATE RES & APPLICAT DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2208-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2820 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1117/12.258094 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG81X UT WOS:A1996BG81X00012 ER PT J AU Syrjala, SE AF Syrjala, SE TI A statistical test for a difference between the spatial distributions of two populations SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cramer-vonMises; differences between distributions; distributions of populations; geographic distributions; hypothesis test; nonparametric test; randomization test; spatial distributions; statistical test AB A statistical hypothesis test for a difference between the spatial distributions of two populations is presented. The test is based upon a generalization of the two-sample Cramer-von Mises test for a difference between two univariate probability distributions. It is designed to be sensitive to differences in the way the populations are distributed across the study area but insensitive to a difference in abundance between the two populations. The procedure is nonparametric and uses the methodology of a randomization test to determine the level of significance of the test statistic. RP Syrjala, SE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,BIN C15700,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 7 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 17 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.2307/2265656 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TR079 UT WOS:A1996TR07900009 ER PT B AU Chen, WY vandenDool, HM AF Chen, WY vandenDool, HM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Theoretical predictability of seasonal-decadal means and the role of the ENSO cycle SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NCEP,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 90 EP 94 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00025 ER PT J AU Saha, S White, GH Reynolds, R AF Saha, S White, GH Reynolds, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An evaluation of the energy budget and surface fluxes in the NMC/NCAR reanalysis SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,ENVIRONM MODELING CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 227 EP 230 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00058 ER PT J AU White, GH Saha, S AF White, GH Saha, S GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Three-dimensional diabatic heating fields from the NMC/NCAR reanalysis SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,ENVIRONM MODELING CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 231 EP 234 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00059 ER PT J AU Wang, XL AF Wang, XL GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The annual cycle of storm-track variations and circulations as revealed in NCEP/NCAR reanalysis SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NCEP,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 292 EP 295 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00075 ER PT J AU Higgins, RW Schubert, SD Mo, KC AF Higgins, RW Schubert, SD Mo, KC GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Persistent North Pacific circulation anomalies and interhemispheric teleconnections SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL METEOROL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 336 EP 340 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00087 ER PT J AU Mo, KC Higgins, RW AF Mo, KC Higgins, RW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Persistent circulation anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere and intraseasonal oscillation SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL METEOROL CTR,CLIMATE ANAL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 342 EP 346 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00089 ER PT J AU Bell, GD Kousky, VE AF Bell, GD Kousky, VE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Origin of Pacific North American circulation anomalies during ENSO SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NCEP,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 347 EP 351 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00090 ER PT J AU Ropelewski, CF Kousky, VE Wang, X AF Ropelewski, CF Kousky, VE Wang, X GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Precipitation-related circulation over the Americas based on reanalysis SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NCEP,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 381 EP 384 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00099 ER PT J AU Enfield, DB Mayer, DA AF Enfield, DB Mayer, DA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Relationships of western hemisphere rainfall to tropical Atlantic and Pacific SST variability SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 390 EP 394 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00101 ER PT J AU Kousky, VE Bell, GD AF Kousky, VE Bell, GD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The diurnal cycle over the PACS domain as depicted in the NCAR/NMC reanalysis data SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NCEP,CLIMATE PREDICT CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 395 EP 399 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00102 ER PT B AU Fairall, CW Grachev, AA AF Fairall, CW Grachev, AA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI On the sea surface roughness length under free convection conditions SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ETL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP J134 EP J138 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00134 ER PT B AU Fairall, CW Bradley, EF Rogers, DP Edson, JB Young, GS AF Fairall, CW Bradley, EF Rogers, DP Edson, JB Young, GS GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for COARE SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Bradley, Frank/I-6574-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP J1 EP J6 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00103 ER PT J AU White, AB Fairall, CW AF White, AB Fairall, CW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Shipboard measurements of convection during COARE SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON AIR-SEA INTERACTION AND CONFERENCE ON THE GLOBAL OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE-LAND SYSTEM (GOALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Air-Sea Interaction/Conference on the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS) CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP J16 EP J19 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF43P UT WOS:A1996BF43P00106 ER PT J AU Soden, BJ AF Soden, BJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Moisture transport diagnostics from GOES imagery SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 28 EP 29 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00007 ER PT B AU McMillin, LM Crone, LJ Kleespies, TJ AF McMillin, LM Crone, LJ Kleespies, TJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI OPTRAN: A new, highly accurate fast transmittance algorithm for variable gases SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00009 ER PT B AU Birkenheuer, D AF Birkenheuer, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Exploiting available satellite data in AWIPS-ERA workstations SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO. RI Birkenheuer, Daniel/E-7378-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 46 EP 49 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00012 ER PT J AU McMillin, L AF McMillin, L GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An absolute moisture index SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE RES LAB,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 60 EP 63 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00015 ER PT J AU Scofield, RA Zaras, D Kusselson, S Rabin, R AF Scofield, RA Zaras, D Kusselson, S Rabin, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A remote sensing precipitable water product for use in heavy precipitation forecasting SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 74 EP 78 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00019 ER PT J AU Purdom, JFW AF Purdom, JFW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The use of NOAA's new generation of geostationary satellites to observe ocean phenomena SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 96 EP 99 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00025 ER PT B AU Gould, KJ Fuelberg, HE AF Gould, KJ Fuelberg, HE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The use of GOES-8 imagery and RAMSDIS to develop a sea breeze climatology over the Florida panhandle SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,TALLAHASSEE,FL. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 100 EP 104 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00026 ER PT J AU Ellrod, GP Nelson, JP AF Ellrod, GP Nelson, JP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Assessment of GOES-8 imager data quality SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 105 EP 109 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00027 ER PT J AU Weinreb, MP Johnson, JX Bremer, JC Wack, EC Chen, O AF Weinreb, MP Johnson, JX Bremer, JC Wack, EC Chen, O GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Algorithm to compensate for variation of reflectance of GOES-8 and -9 scan mirrors with scan angle SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 110 EP 114 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00028 ER PT B AU Achutuni, R Scofield, R Vincente, G Tsai, C AF Achutuni, R Scofield, R Vincente, G Tsai, C GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Intercomparison of GOES-7 and GOES-8 longwave infrared imagery during heavy precipitation events over the continental US and the development of an automatic GOES-8 rainfall estimation technique SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE APPLICAT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 119 EP 123 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00030 ER PT J AU Kleespies, TJ AF Kleespies, TJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Some anomalies in the SSM/T-2 antenna temperatures SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 134 EP 136 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00033 ER PT J AU Dills, PN Purdom, JFW AF Dills, PN Purdom, JFW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Cloud motion winds as derived from special 1-minute GOES-8 scan sequences SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00041 ER PT B AU Gray, DG Hayden, CM Menzel, WP AF Gray, DG Hayden, CM Menzel, WP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Review of quantitative satellite products derived from GOES-8/9 imager and sounder instrument data SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 159 EP 163 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00042 ER PT J AU Purdom, JFW AF Purdom, JFW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI One minute interval imaging of atmospheric phenomena using NOAA's New Generation of Geostationary Satellites SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 164 EP 167 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00043 ER PT J AU Ellrod, GP AF Ellrod, GP GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI The use of GOES-8 multispectral imagery for the detection of aircraft icing regions SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 168 EP 171 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00044 ER PT B AU Crosby, DS Goldberg, MD AF Crosby, DS Goldberg, MD GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Inter-satellite calibration using empirical distribution functions SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 188 EP 190 PG 3 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00050 ER PT J AU Baker, WE AF Baker, WE GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Role of a small-satellite wind lidar for weather and climate prediction SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00051 ER PT J AU Xie, PP Arkin, PA AF Xie, PP Arkin, PA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Global monthly precipitation: An intercomparison of several datasets based on gauge observations, satellite estimates and model predictions SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL METEOROL CTR,W NMC,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 225 EP 229 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00060 ER PT J AU Grody, NC Weng, FZ Ferraro, R AF Grody, NC Weng, FZ Ferraro, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Comparisons between SSM/I, SSMT/2 and radar measurements over the United States SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,OFF RES & APPLICAT,SATELLITE RES LAB,MICROWAVE SENSING GRP,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 243 EP 247 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00064 ER PT J AU Weng, FZ Grody, NC Ferraro, RR AF Weng, FZ Grody, NC Ferraro, RR GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Rain type categorization using special sensor microwave imager (SSM/I) SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,MICROWAVE SENSING GRP,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 268 EP 269 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00071 ER PT J AU Vicente, GA AF Vicente, GA GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Algorithm for rainfall rate estimation using a combination of GOES-8 11.0 and 3.9 micron measurements SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,UCAR,CTR SCI,SAL,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 274 EP 278 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00073 ER PT J AU Kim, D AF Kim, D GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Multilevel cloud parameter estimation combining HIRS and AVHRR data - A simulation study SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 330 EP 333 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00087 ER PT B AU Dills, PN Hillger, DW Purdom, JFW AF Dills, PN Hillger, DW Purdom, JFW GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Distinguishing between different meteorological phenomena and land surface properties using the multispectral imaging capabilities of GOES-8 SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RI Hillger, Donald/F-5592-2010 OI Hillger, Donald/0000-0001-7297-2640 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 339 EP 342 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00089 ER PT J AU Dills, PN Weaver, JF Schrab, KJ AF Dills, PN Weaver, JF Schrab, KJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Fog and stratus observations as seen with GOES-8 multispectral imager data SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 343 EP 346 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00090 ER PT J AU Aune, RM AF Aune, RM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Initializing cloud predictions using the GOES-8 sounder SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,SYST DESIGN & APPLICAT BRANCH,MADISON,WI. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 408 EP 412 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00107 ER PT J AU Achutuni, R Scofield, RA Grody, NC Tsai, C AF Achutuni, R Scofield, RA Grody, NC Tsai, C GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Global monitoring of large area flooding using the DMSP SSM/I soil wetness index SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 455 EP 459 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00119 ER PT J AU Ferraro, R Weng, FZ Grody, N AF Ferraro, R Weng, FZ Grody, N GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI A closer look at hydrological cycle climate parameters derived from the special sensor microwave/imager SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,OFF RES & APPLICAT,SATELLITE RES LAB,MICROWAVE SENSING GRP,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 474 EP 478 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00124 ER PT B AU Cram, JM Birkenheuer, DL Smart, JR Boucher, DJ McGinley, JA Wagoner, SM AF Cram, JM Birkenheuer, DL Smart, JR Boucher, DJ McGinley, JA Wagoner, SM GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI An OSSE study comparing the forecast impact of DMSP 5D2 and 5D3 sensors SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Birkenheuer, Daniel/E-7378-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 508 EP 512 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00132 ER PT B AU Grody, NC Weng, FZ Ferraro, R AF Grody, NC Weng, FZ Ferraro, R GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Interactions between upper-level moisture and precipitation as measured by satellite microwave radiometers SO EIGHTH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 NOAA,NESDIS,OFF RES & APPL,SATELLITE RES LAB,MICROWAVE SENSING GRP,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1996 BP 569 EP 573 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BF41M UT WOS:A1996BF41M00148 ER PT S AU Mopsik, FI AF Mopsik, FI BE Gerhardt, RA Taylor, SR Garboczi, EJ TI Dielectric relaxation in composite systems SO ELECTRICALLY BASED MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrically Based Microstructural Characterization, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-30, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-314-2 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 411 BP 357 EP 365 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BG31M UT WOS:A1996BG31M00045 ER PT J AU Fowler, JE AF Fowler, JE TI Variant design for mechanical artifacts: A state-of-the-art survey SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE analogical reasoning; case-based design; computer aided design; design knowledge; STEP ID ANALOGY; SUPPORT AB Variant design refers to the technique of adapting existing design specifications to satisfy new design goals and constraints. Specific support of valiant design techniques in current computer aided design systems would help to realize a rapid response manufacturing environment. A survey of approaches supporting variant design is presented. Capabilities used in current commercial computer aided design systems are discussed along with approaches used in recent research efforts. Information standards applicable to variant design are also identified. Barriers to variant design in current systems are identified and ideas are presented for augmentation of current systems to support variant design. RP Fowler, JE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, FAC AUTOMAT SYST DIV, BLDG 220, ROOM A127, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0177-0667 J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY JI Eng. Comput. PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1007/BF01200257 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA TU010 UT WOS:A1996TU01000001 ER PT J AU Ryer, CH Olla, BL AF Ryer, CH Olla, BL TI Social behavior of juvenile chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, under risk of predation: The influence of food distribution SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE risk balancing; trade-off; aggression; schooling; food monopolization; fish ID ATLANTIC SALMON; FEEDING MOTIVATION; BLUEGILL SUNFISH; SCHOOLING FISH; PATCH CHOICE; SALAR L; MECHANISMS; HAZARD; SIZE; AVOIDANCE AB Social interactions can influence both foraging reward and vulnerability to predators. We examined social interactions in groups of juvenile chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, receiving food that was either spatially dispersed, with many food items appearing synchronously, or spatially clumped, with individual food items appearing asynchronously. These experiments were conducted both in the presence and absence of predators. When food was dispersed and predators were absent, juvenile chum formed schools and all individuals had access to food, despite frequent agonistic interactions. When predators were present, schooling and feeding continued, but agonistic interactions ceased. In contrast, when food was clumped, dominant fish utilized aggression to monopolize food regardless of whether predators were present or absent, resulting in decreased group cohesion. These results illustrate that food distribution and social interaction may play a role in determining how fish balance predation risk against foraging reward. RP Ryer, CH (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,HATFIELD MARINE SCI CTR,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,NEWPORT,OR 97365, USA. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD JAN PY 1996 VL 45 IS 1 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1007/BF00000629 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA TU919 UT WOS:A1996TU91900008 ER PT B AU Baillie, CF MacDonald, AE Lee, JL AF Baillie, CF MacDonald, AE Lee, JL BE Dekker, L Smit, W Zuidervaart, JC TI QNH: A numerical weather prediction model developed for massively parallel processors SO EUROSIM '96 - HPCN CHALLENGES IN TELECOMP AND TELECOM: PARALLEL SIMULATION OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS AND LARGE-SCALE APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT EUROSIM 1996 International Conference - HPCN Challenges in Telecomp and Telecom: Parallel Simulation of Complex Systems and Large-Scale Applications CY JUN 10-12, 1996 CL DELFT, NETHERLANDS SP Automatisiering Adviesbureau NETSTAR, AKZO NOBEL N V, Inst Telecommun Computerdienstverlening, Delft Univ Technol, Elsevier Sci B V, EUROSIM, Hewlett Packard & CONVEX Comp B V, MEDISOFT Int Ltd, SILCON GRAPHICS CRAY Res B V, SUN Microsyst N V AB Over the last three years, we at the NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory (FSL) have been developing a numerical weather prediction model specifically designed to run well on Massively Parallel Processors (MPPs). In addition, our model uses a new quasi-nonhydrostatic well-posed meteorological formulation based on the ''approximate system'' of Browning and Kreiss [1]. After extensively testing the model - called the Quasi-NonHydrostatic meteorological model (QNH)-we have recently added the capability of inputing weather observations and are doing short-term forecasts. The model can output the forecast as three-dimensional graphics, rendered using the Advanced Visualization System (AVS) running on a graphics workstation, as well as the usual two-dimensional weather map contour plots. QNH is coded using the Scalable Modeling System (SMS) parallel software developed at FSL, which provides portability as well as high-performance on most MPPs, and contains portable and efficient parallel I/O. RP Baillie, CF (reprint author), NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Lee, JIN-LUEN/G-5364-2015 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NORTH HOLLAND, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-82559-2 PY 1996 BP 399 EP 406 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BG97G UT WOS:A1996BG97G00047 ER PT S AU Linsky, JL AF Linsky, JL BE Kafatos, M Kondo, Y TI Accurate measurements of the local deuterium abundance from HST spectra SO EXAMINING THE BIG BANG AND DIFFUSE BACKGROUND RADIATIONS SE IAU SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 168th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union on Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations CY AUG 23-26, 1994 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP Int Astron Union ID HYDROGEN RATIO; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; LINE AB An accurate measurement of the primordial value of D/H would provide a critical test of nucleosynthesis models for the early universe and the baryon density. I briefly summarize the ongoing HST observations of the interstellar H and D Lyman-alpha absorption for lines of sight to nearby stars and comment on recent reports of extragalactic D/H measurements. C1 UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Linsky, JL (reprint author), NIST,QUANT PHYS DIV,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0074-1809 BN 0-7923-3814-6 J9 IAU SYMP PY 1996 IS 168 BP 529 EP 532 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE78H UT WOS:A1996BE78H00071 ER PT J AU Butler, PD Hamilton, WA Magid, LJ Hayter, JB Slawecki, TM Hammouda, B AF Butler, PD Hamilton, WA Magid, LJ Hayter, JB Slawecki, TM Hammouda, B TI Use of complementary neutron scattering techniques in studying the effect of a solid/liquid interface on bulk solution structures SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT General Discussion on Complex Fluids at Interfaces CY SEP 18-20, 1996 CL UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CHURCHILL COLL, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND HO UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CHURCHILL COLL ID CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE; REFLECTION; SHEAR; SURFACE; LAYER AB By appropriate combination of neutron scattering techniques, it is possible to obtain structural information at various depths from a solid/liquid interface and thus probe in some detail how the surface structures evolve into bulk structures. We have used neutron reflectometry (NR) with a newly developed shear cell, near-surface small-angle neutron scattering (NSSANS) again in combination with the new shear cell, and regular small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with a standard Couette shear cell to probe the structures formed in our aqueous surfactant systems and how they react to a flow field, particularly in the near-surface region of a solid/liquid interface. We present data for a 20 x 10(-3) M aqueous solution of 70% cetyltrimethylammonium 3,5-dichlorobenzoate (CTA3,5ClBz) and 30% CTAB. This system forms a very viscoelastic solution containing long thread-like micelles. NR only probes to a depth of ca. 0.5 mu m from the surface in these systems and clearly indicates that adsorbed onto the surface is a surfactant layer which is insensitive to shear. The depth probed by the NSSANS is of the order of 20-30 mu m and is determined by the transmission of the sample, the angle of incidence and the wavelength. In this region, the rods align under shear into a remarkably well ordered hexagonal crystal. The SANS from the Couette cell averages over the entire sample, so that the signal is dominated by scattering from the bulk. While the near-surface hexagonal structure is clearly visible, these data are not consistent with the crystal structure persisting throughout the bulk, leading to the postulate that the bulk structure is a 2D liquid where the rods align with the flow, but do not order in the other two dimensions. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT CHEM, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP Butler, PD (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011 NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0301-7249 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 1996 VL 104 BP 65 EP 78 DI 10.1039/fd9960400065 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA XH133 UT WOS:A1996XH13300006 ER PT B AU Gadzuk, JW AF Gadzuk, JW BE Chergui, M TI Hot electron femtochemistry at surfaces: Control in desorption SO FEMTOCHEMISTRY: ULTRAFAST CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN MOLECULAR SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Lausanne Conference on Femtochemistry - Ultrafast Chemical and Physical Processes in Molecular Systems CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SP Latsis Fdn, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Univ Lausanne AB A relatively simple theory of resonance-assisted, hot-electron-induced femtochemical processing at surfaces (HEFatS) has been developed in terms of a Breit-Wigner formulation of inelastic electron scattering via negative-molecular-ion shape resonances associated with molecules adsorbed on solid surfaces. This treatment of the electron dynamics has been carried out in conjunction with Gaussian wavepacket propagation of the nuclear motion. Two examples, one involving a broadband of laser-excited hot electrons and the other a tuneable narrow band produced by a solid state tunnel junction, are used to illustrate the potential of HEFatS. RP Gadzuk, JW (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 981-02-2514-8 PY 1996 BP 465 EP 474 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA BH70N UT WOS:A1996BH70N00080 ER PT S AU Hamins, A Kashiwagi, T Buch, RR AF Hamins, A Kashiwagi, T Buch, RR BE Totten, GE Reichel, J TI Characteristics of pool fire burning SO FIRE RESISTANCE OF INDUSTRIAL FLUIDS SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fire Resistance of Industrial Fluids CY JUN 20, 1995 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP ASTM, Comm D2 Petr Prod & Lubricants DE burning rate; flame height; pool fire; radiative heat transfer C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-2041-9 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1996 VL 1284 BP 15 EP 41 DI 10.1520/STP16278S PG 27 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BF13M UT WOS:A1996BF13M00003 ER PT J AU Ralston, S Brothers, EB Roberts, DA Sakuma, KM AF Ralston, S Brothers, EB Roberts, DA Sakuma, KM TI Accuracy of age estimates for larval Sebastes jordani SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID EARLY LIFE-HISTORY; OTOLITH MICROSTRUCTURE; SHORTBELLY ROCKFISH; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; MORONE-SAXATILIS; GROWTH HISTORIES; STRIPED BASS; FISH; RATES AB We examine some issues concerning the accuracy of larval age estimates for Sebastes jordani. To localize a starting point for daily increment counts, gestating and planktonic larvae were examined to determine whether an extrusion check forms at parturition. We also assessed 1) the resolution limitations of optical microscopy in ageing larvae, 2) the precision of age estimates, and 3) the effect of specimen age on the reliability of ages. Preextrusion increments are commonly observed in gestating and planktonic larvae, but a distinctive extrusion check forms in the otolith at parturition. This feature occurs predictably at a radius of 15-19 mu m and provides an unambiguous starting point for increment counts. Observations of larval otoliths with a scanning electron microscope revealed that the minimum size of postextrusion increments is similar to 0.6 mu m, which is large enough to be resolved with a high-quality optical system. Cross-checking of ages among three readers showed 84% agreement to within +/-1 d and no systematic differences among readers. The clarity of otolith microstructure resulted in high confidence scores for age estimates; however, very young larvae (0-3 d) were the most difficult to age. An exponential growth model fitted to 2,203 aged larvae indicated that during the first month of life, growth in length proceeds at the rate of 2.75%. d(-1). C1 EFS CONSULTANTS, ITHACA, NY 14850 USA. RP Ralston, S (reprint author), NOAA, SW FISHERIES SCI CTR, TIBURON LAB, 3150 PARADISE DR, TIBURON, CA 94920 USA. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 89 EP 97 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500008 ER PT J AU Adams, PB Howard, DF AF Adams, PB Howard, DF TI Natural mortality of blue rockfish, Sebastes mystinus, during their first year in nearshore benthic habitats SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PLAICE PLEURONECTES-PLATESSA; CLASS STRENGTH; LARVAL; GROWTH; RATES RP Adams, PB (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,TIBURON LAB,3150 PARADISE DR,TIBURON,CA 94920, USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 156 EP 162 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500014 ER PT J AU Anderl, DM Nishimura, A Lowe, SA AF Anderl, DM Nishimura, A Lowe, SA TI Is the first annulus on the otolith of the Atka mackerel, Pleurogrammus monopherygius, missing? SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE C1 NATL RES INST FAR SEAS FISHERIES,SHIMIZU,SHIZUOKA 424,JAPAN. RP Anderl, DM (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 163 EP 169 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500015 ER PT J AU Lang, KL Almeida, FP Bolz, GR Fahay, MP AF Lang, KL Almeida, FP Bolz, GR Fahay, MP TI The use of otolith microstructure in resolving issues of first year growth and spawning seasonality of white hake, Urophycis tenuis, in the Gulf of Maine Georges Bank region SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID LARVAE C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,JJ HOWARD LAB,HIGHLANDS,NJ 07732. RP Lang, KL (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE LAB,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 170 EP 175 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500016 ER PT J AU Lowry, MS Perryman, WL Lynn, MS Westlake, RL Julian, F AF Lowry, MS Perryman, WL Lynn, MS Westlake, RL Julian, F TI Counts of northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, from large-format aerial photographs taken at rookeries in southern California during the breeding season SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP Lowry, MS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,POB 271,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 176 EP 185 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500017 ER PT J AU Pearson, DE AF Pearson, DE TI Timing of hyaline-zone formation as related to sex, location, and year of capture in otoliths of the widow rockfish, Sebastes entomelas SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GULF; GROWTH; AGE; REPRODUCTION; MEXICO; WATERS RP Pearson, DE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,TIBURON LAB,3150 PARADISE DR,TIBURON,CA 94920, USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 94 IS 1 BP 190 EP 197 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA TR735 UT WOS:A1996TR73500019 ER PT B AU Germer, TA Asmail, CC AF Germer, TA Asmail, CC BE Stover, JC TI Proposed methodology for characterization of microroughness-induced optical scatter instrumentation SO FLATNESS, ROUGHNESS, AND DISCRETE DEFECT CHARACTERIZATION FOR COMPUTER DISKS, WAFERS, AND FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Flatness, Roughness, and Discrete Defect Characterization for Computer Disks, Wafers, and Flat Panel Displays CY AUG 08-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE surface roughness; BRDF; silicon wafers; haze; optical scatter AB Measurements of optical scatter are often employed in production line diagnostics for surface roughness of silicon wafers. However, the geometry of the optical scatter instrumentation lacks universal standardization, making it difficult to compare values obtained by instruments made by different manufacturers. The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) on the other hand: is a cell-defined quantity and under conditions usually met with bare silicon wafers, can be related to the power spectral density (PSD) of the surface roughness. In this paper, we present an approach for characterizing low level optical scatter instrumentation using a spatial frequency response function. Methods for calculating or measuring the response function are presented. Limitations to the validity of the spatial frequency response function are also discussed. RP Germer, TA (reprint author), NIST,OPT TECHNOL DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2250-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2862 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1117/12.256204 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG72L UT WOS:A1996BG72L00002 ER PT B AU Wu, WL AF Wu, WL BE Stover, JC TI Application of off-specular X-ray reflectivity for surface characterization SO FLATNESS, ROUGHNESS, AND DISCRETE DEFECT CHARACTERIZATION FOR COMPUTER DISKS, WAFERS, AND FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Flatness, Roughness, and Discrete Defect Characterization for Computer Disks, Wafers, and Flat Panel Displays CY AUG 08-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE off-specular; x-ray reflectivity; surface roughness; specular reflection; silicon wafer AB A scheme based on the distorted wave Born approximation has been developed to model the off-specular x-ray reflectivity from flat surfaces with compositional and topographic fluctuations.(1) To verify this theoretical work, silicon wafers coated with evenly spaced aluminum lines were chosen as the test samples. Good agreement is found between the calculationed and the experimental results. In addition, a gross difference in the off-specular spectra was observed from two test samples different only in their surface roughness; this observation demonstrates the potential of using off-specular x-ray reflectivity for quality control measurements. RP Wu, WL (reprint author), NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2250-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2862 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1117/12.256208 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG72L UT WOS:A1996BG72L00006 ER PT B AU Mulholland, GW Bryner, N Liggett, W Scheer, BW Goodall, RK AF Mulholland, GW Bryner, N Liggett, W Scheer, BW Goodall, RK BE Stover, JC TI Selection of calibration particles for scanning surface inspection systems SO FLATNESS, ROUGHNESS, AND DISCRETE DEFECT CHARACTERIZATION FOR COMPUTER DISKS, WAFERS, AND FLAT PANEL DISPLAYS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Flatness, Roughness, and Discrete Defect Characterization for Computer Disks, Wafers, and Flat Panel Displays CY AUG 08-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE differential mobility analyzer; electrical mobility; light scattering intensity; microcontamination; monodisperse spheres; polystyrene latex spheres; ''real world'' particles; wafer scanner; width of size distribution AB In response to the semiconductor industry's need for both smaller calibration particles and more accurately sized larger particles, a joint SEMATECH, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and VLSI Standards, Inc. project was initiated to accurately characterize 10 monodisperse polystyrene sphere suspensions covering the particle diameter range from 70 to 900 nn. The sizing analysis is being performed by electrical mobility analysis with a modified flow system to enable the measurement of the width of narrow size distributions. Results are presented on the mean size and the width of the distribution for candidate samples provided by five suppliers. The target sizes for the first set of particles are 72 nm, 87 nm, 125 nm, and 180 nn. Challenges for detecting ''real world'' particles are discussed including quantitative examples of the effects of refractive index, layered structure, and non-spherical shape on the light scattered by a particle. RP Mulholland, GW (reprint author), NIST,BLDG 224,RM B360,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2250-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2862 BP 104 EP 118 DI 10.1117/12.256195 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG72L UT WOS:A1996BG72L00011 ER PT S AU Selinger, RLB AF Selinger, RLB BE Selinger, RLB Mecholsky, JJ Carlsson, AE Fuller, ER TI Stress-assisted Kosterlitz-Thouless dislocation nucleation: The statistical physics of plastic flow SO FRACTURE-INSTABILITY DYNAMICS, SCALING, AND DUCTILE/BRITTLE BEHAVIOR SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Q on Fracture-Instability Dynamics, Scaling, and Ductile/Brittle Behavior, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. OI Selinger, Robin/0000-0002-6519-9685 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-312-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 409 BP 69 EP 73 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BF31N UT WOS:A1996BF31N00008 ER PT S AU Thomson, R Carlsson, AE AF Thomson, R Carlsson, AE BE Selinger, RLB Mecholsky, JJ Carlsson, AE Fuller, ER TI Embrittlement of cracks at interfaces. SO FRACTURE-INSTABILITY DYNAMICS, SCALING, AND DUCTILE/BRITTLE BEHAVIOR SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Q on Fracture-Instability Dynamics, Scaling, and Ductile/Brittle Behavior, at the 1995 MRS Fall Meeting CY NOV 27-DEC 01, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-312-6 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 409 BP 141 EP 146 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BF31N UT WOS:A1996BF31N00019 ER PT B AU Quinn, GD Gettings, RJ Kubler, JJ AF Quinn, GD Gettings, RJ Kubler, JJ BE Bradt, RC Hasselman, DPH Munz, D Sakai, M Shevchenko, VY TI Fracture toughness of ceramics by the surface crack in flexure (SCF) method SO FRACTURE MECHANICS OF CERAMICS, VOL 11: R-CURVE BEHAVIOR, TOUGHNESS DETERMINATION, AND THERMAL SHOCK SE FRACTURE MECHANICS OF CERAMICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics CY JUL 18-20, 1995 CL RES CTR, KARLSRUHE, GERMANY HO RES CTR C1 NIST,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 3 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-45378-9 J9 FRACT MECH PY 1996 VL 11 BP 203 EP 218 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BG55J UT WOS:A1996BG55J00017 ER PT B AU Clement, TS Rodriguez, G Wood, WM Taylor, AJ AF Clement, TS Rodriguez, G Wood, WM Taylor, AJ BE White, WE Reitze, DH TI Characterization of ultrafast interactions with materials through the direct measurement of the optical phase SO GENERATION, AMPLIFICATION, AND MEASUREMENT OF ULTRASHORT LASER PULSES III SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Generation, Amplification, and Measurement of Ultrashort Laser Pulses III CY JAN 28-30, 1996 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2075-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2701 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1117/12.239715 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF61C UT WOS:A1996BF61C00026 ER PT J AU DeWolf, CP Zeissler, CJ Halliday, AN Mezger, K Essene, EJ AF DeWolf, CP Zeissler, CJ Halliday, AN Mezger, K Essene, EJ TI The role of inclusions in U-Pb and Sm-Nd garnet geochronology: Stepwise dissolution experiments and trace uranium mapping by fission track analysis SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID PIKWITONEI GRANULITE DOMAIN; TEMPERATURE-TIME PATHS; GRADE METAMORPHISM; HISTORIES; ZIRCONS; GROWTH; ROCKS; CHRONOMETRY; EVOLUTION; ISOTOPES AB The U-Pb and Sm-Nd dating of garnet are important tools for understanding rates of tectonometamorphic processes and have been widely applied in studies of metamorphic terranes. However, the budgets of uranium, lead, samarium, and neodymium in garnet separates from metamorphic rocks may be dominated by contributions from inclusions of monazite or zircon. A combined fission track and stepwise dissolution technique is proposed for evaluating the role of inclusions of monazite and zircon in the budgets of uranium, lead, samarium, and neodymium in garnets used for U-Pb and Sm-Nd chronology. Variations of Th/U, U/Nd, and Sm/Nd ratios between successive dissolution steps reveal the contributions of monazite and zircon inclusions. The stepwise dissolution procedure does not induce any apparent artifacts on Pb-207-Pb-206 and Sm-Nd ages. The technique has been applied to garnets from three metamorphic terranes. Almandine garnet samples from the high grade Pikwitonei Granulite Domain (Manitoba, Canada) and the Wind River Range (Wyoming, USA) have the majority of their uranium, samarium, neodymium, and radiogenic lead (Pb*) hosted by micrometer-scale inclusions of monazite. Fission track densities reveal that uranium is 10(8) times more abundant in inclusions than in garnets. Stepwise dissolution of the samples shows that neodymium and uranium are associated with the dissolution of monazite. In contrast, grossular-andradite garnets from Cascade Slide (Adirondack Highlands, NY, USA) show little variation in fission track density and similar isotopic ratios between dissolution steps, indicating that the budgets of uranium, samarium, neodymium, and Pb* are not significantly influenced by inclusions. The demonstrated success of these techniques leads us to recommend similar procedures as a routine matter in U-Pb, and Sm-Nd garnet geochronology of metasedimentary rocks. C1 NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. UNIV MAINZ, MAX PLANCK INST CHEM, W-6500 MAINZ, GERMANY. RP UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT GEOL SCI, 1006 CC LITTLE BLDG, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. RI Mezger, Klaus/D-9502-2011 OI Mezger, Klaus/0000-0002-2443-8539 NR 54 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN PY 1996 VL 60 IS 1 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00367-3 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TQ461 UT WOS:A1996TQ46100011 ER PT J AU Yvon, SA Butler, JH AF Yvon, SA Butler, JH TI An improved estimate of the oceanic lifetime of atmospheric CH3Br SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METHYL HALIDES; BROMIDE; TRENDS AB Previous estimates of the partial atmospheric lifetime of CH3Br with respect to degradation in the ocean have not fully accounted for co-variation of sea-surface and boundary layer properties. Here we substantially reduce uncertainty in this calculation by using a coupled, ocean-atmosphere box model and a tightly gridded data set of oceanic and atmospheric properties. The best estimate of the partial atmospheric lifetime of CH3Br with respect to the ocean is 2.7 y with a possible range, due mainly to the choice of computational procedures for critical terms, of 2.4 to 6.5 y. This range is about one-third of that estimated previously. The total atmospheric lifetime, based upon oceanic, atmospheric, and proposed soil losses with all of their uncertainties, is 0.8 (0.6 to 1.4) y. Only 28% of this total uncertainty is attributable to the uncertainty in oceanic loss. RP Yvon, SA (reprint author), NOAA, CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB, NITROUS OXIDE & HALOCPDS DIV, 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RI Yvon-Lewis, Shari/E-4108-2012 OI Yvon-Lewis, Shari/0000-0003-1378-8434 NR 30 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 1 BP 53 EP 56 DI 10.1029/95GL03022 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA TP400 UT WOS:A1996TP40000014 ER PT B AU Zilkoski, DB DOnofrio, D AF Zilkoski, DB DOnofrio, D GP ACSM TI Geodetic phase of NOS' San Francisco Bay demonstration project SO GIS/LIS '96 - ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT GIS/LIS 1996 Annual Conference and Exposition CY NOV 19-21, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Congress Surveying & Mapping, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, AM FM Int, Assoc Amer Geographers, Urban & Reg Informat Syst Assoc, Amer Public Works Assoc AB The modernization of the height component of the National Spatial Reference System, using the Global Positioning System (GPS) Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) network and state-of-the-art technology will actuate the full potential of electronic charts for navigation, provide a smooth transition between the Bay and land interface for more accurate modelling of storm surge and pollution trajectory modelling. Height modernization will increase the overall accuracy of land and marine GIS data, and facilitate a major breakthrough in efficiency in determining relative changes in geodetic elevations for surveying and engineering applications. NOS has observed a dense network of heights both ellipsoidal and orthometric) along a ''pilot'' area of the Bay-land interface. By using GPS tracking data simultaneously collected at CORS sites in the area, NOS will exploit GPS-controlled, tide-coordinated photography, Soft-copy photogrammetry techniques, GPS-derived ellipsoid heights, levelling-derived orthometric heights, and high-resolution National geoid models to map Bay coastal features and bathymetry. The final product will include the gee-referencing by GPS of all historic tide gauge bench marks, geodetic control, areas of crustal motion, and selected underwater features. This paper discusses the status of the Geodetic Height Modernization phase of the project. RP Zilkoski, DB (reprint author), NATL GEODET SURVEY,SPATIAL REF SYST DIV,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LAND, SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 BN 1-57083-042-8 PY 1996 BP 116 EP 127 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing GA BG94A UT WOS:A1996BG94A00017 ER PT B AU Milbert, DG Smith, DA AF Milbert, DG Smith, DA GP ACSM TI Converting GPS height into NAVD88 elevation with the GEOID96 geoid height model SO GIS/LIS '96 - ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT GIS/LIS 1996 Annual Conference and Exposition CY NOV 19-21, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Congress Surveying & Mapping, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, AM FM Int, Assoc Amer Geographers, Urban & Reg Informat Syst Assoc, Amer Public Works Assoc AB The Global Positioning System (GPS) is commonly considered a three-dimensional system. But, the heights obtained from GPS are typically heights above an ellipsoidal model of the Earth. These GPS ellipsoidal heights are not consistent with leveled heights above mean sea level, often known as orthometric height. The conversion from ellipsoid to orthometric height requires a geoid height model. Geoid heights in the conterminous United States range from about -8 meters to -53 meters, and display considerable variation in the mountains. Through the use of careful GPS survey procedures coupled with high-resolution geoid models, surveyors have obtained orthometric heights with an accuracy commensurate with that of leveling. In mid-October the relational Geodetic Survey will release the GEOID96 geoid height model. It is computed with nearly 1.8 million terrestrial, ship, and altimetry gravity data, and is modeled on a 2' x 2' grid (about 3 km resolution). GEOID96 is fundamentally different from the earlier GEOID90 and GEOID93 models, in that over 2700 GPS heights on leveled benchmarks are used as a supplemental data set. These GPS benchmark data capture datum definition issues inherent in NAD 83 ellipsoid heights and NAVD 88 orthometric heights, and also provide control of long wavelength geoid model error. While the GEOID96 model is biased relative to a geocentric ellipsoid, this bias is deliberate; and, it enables one to directly convert between NAD 83 GPS and the NAVD 88 height systems. Tests of preliminary models show this conversion can be done to better than 3 cm (one-sigma), and that random error in GPS height is of greater concern. RP Milbert, DG (reprint author), NOAA,NATL GEODET SURVEY,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LAND, SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 BN 1-57083-042-8 PY 1996 BP 681 EP 692 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing GA BG94A UT WOS:A1996BG94A00073 ER PT B AU Moyer, DD Danielsen, DK AF Moyer, DD Danielsen, DK GP ACSM TI Standards for spatial frameworks: GPS standards for densifying statewide high accuracy reference networks SO GIS/LIS '96 - ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT GIS/LIS 1996 Annual Conference and Exposition CY NOV 19-21, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Congress Surveying & Mapping, Amer Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, AM FM Int, Assoc Amer Geographers, Urban & Reg Informat Syst Assoc, Amer Public Works Assoc AB A geodetic control network supports a variety of governmental and private sector functions. The network serves as the foundation upon which a wide range of spatial data may be registered and integrated. Many states are now developing High Accuracy Reference Networks (HARNs) in cooperation with the National Geodetic Survey. These HARN networks typically have monument spacings in the 30 to 50 mile range. To support LIS; GIS, and related activities, states are developing programs to densify their HARN. As part of the Wisconsin Land Information Program, a statewide committee in Wisconsin has developed a standard to guide such a densification process. This paper discusses the content of the Wisconsin standard, the institutional aspects of the development of the Wisconsin standard, and based on lessons learned, provides suggestions for others who are considering the development of similar or related standards. RP Moyer, DD (reprint author), NATL GEODET SURVEY,MADISON,WI 53707, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LAND, SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 BN 1-57083-042-8 PY 1996 BP 693 EP 706 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing GA BG94A UT WOS:A1996BG94A00074 ER PT B AU Friday, EW AF Friday, EW BE Washwell, ER TI Impact of GOES satellites on the National Weather Service SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE geostationary satellites; severe weather; hurricanes; thunderstorms; flash floods; atmospheric profiles instruments; weather radar; weather observations C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 2 EP 10 DI 10.1117/12.254057 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00001 ER PT B AU Howard, E Heymann, R Dittberner, G Kirkner, S AF Howard, E Heymann, R Dittberner, G Kirkner, S BE Washwell, ER TI NOAA's future GOES satellite program SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE NOAA; GOES satellites; future requirements; satellite development; technology infusion; program management; trade on requirements; New Millennium Program C1 NOAA,US DEPT COMMERCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1117/12.254079 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00003 ER PT B AU Menzel, WP Prins, EM AF Menzel, WP Prins, EM BE Washwell, ER TI Monitoring biomass burning and aerosol loading and transport using multispectral GOES data SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE geostationary; infrared; remote sensing; biomass burning; aerosol transport; fire detection C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,MADISON,WI 53706. RI Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011 OI Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1117/12.254110 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00006 ER PT B AU Campbell, GG Purdom, JFW Vaughn, CE AF Campbell, GG Purdom, JFW Vaughn, CE BE Washwell, ER TI Asynchronous stereo height and motion estimation from multiple satellite images SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE satellite winds; stereo heights; cloud heights; cloud winds; geosynchronous satellite; winds C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,REG & MESOSCALE METEOROL BRANCH,NOAA,NESDIS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 95 EP 110 DI 10.1117/12.254059 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00011 ER PT B AU Hillger, DW AF Hillger, DW BE Washwell, ER TI Meteorological features from principal component image transformation of GOES imagery SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE GOES; Imager; Sounder; satellite; imagery; principal component analysis; meteorology C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,COOPERAT INST RES ATMOSPHERE,NOAA,NESDIS,ORA,RAMM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RI Hillger, Donald/F-5592-2010 OI Hillger, Donald/0000-0001-7297-2640 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 111 EP 121 DI 10.1117/12.254060 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00012 ER PT B AU Heckman, G Speich, D Hirman, JW DeFoor, T AF Heckman, G Speich, D Hirman, JW DeFoor, T BE Washwell, ER TI The NOAA Space Environment Center Mission and the GOES space environment monitoring subsystem SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE Space Environment; Space Weather Services; GOES Space Environment Monitor C1 NOAA,R E SE,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 274 EP 280 DI 10.1117/12.254074 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00025 ER PT B AU Onsager, TG Grubb, R Kunches, J Matheson, L Speich, D Zwickl, R Sauer, H AF Onsager, TG Grubb, R Kunches, J Matheson, L Speich, D Zwickl, R Sauer, H BE Washwell, ER TI Operational uses of the GOES energetic particle detectors SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE GOES; energetic particles; radiation; geosynchronous; solar; magnetosphere; cosmic ray; space environment C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1117/12.254075 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00026 ER PT B AU Bornmann, PL Speich, D Hirman, J Matheson, L Grubb, RN Garcia, HA Viereck, R AF Bornmann, PL Speich, D Hirman, J Matheson, L Grubb, RN Garcia, HA Viereck, R BE Washwell, ER TI The GOES X-ray sensor and its use in predicting solar-terrestrial disturbances SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE GOES; x-rays; solar physics; x-ray instruments; space weather; solar-terrestrial disturbances; flares C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 291 EP 298 DI 10.1117/12.254076 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00027 ER PT B AU Singer, HJ Matheson, L Grubb, R Newman, A Bouwer, SD AF Singer, HJ Matheson, L Grubb, R Newman, A Bouwer, SD BE Washwell, ER TI Monitoring space weather with the GOES magnetometers SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE magnetometer; geomagnetic field; geomagnetic storm; geomagnetic substorm; geosynchronous; GOES C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,SE,R,E,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 299 EP 308 DI 10.1117/12.254077 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00028 ER PT B AU Bornmann, PL Speich, D Hirman, J Pizzo, V Grubb, RN Balch, C Heckman, G AF Bornmann, PL Speich, D Hirman, J Pizzo, V Grubb, RN Balch, C Heckman, G BE Washwell, ER TI The GOES solar X-ray imager: Overview and operational goals SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE GOES; X-rays; solar physics; instruments; space weather; solar-terrestrial disturbances; flares; coronal holes; active regions C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 309 EP 319 DI 10.1117/12.254078 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00029 ER PT B AU Grubb, RN Bornmann, PL Heckman, G Onsager, TG Siger, HJ Viereck, R AF Grubb, RN Bornmann, PL Heckman, G Onsager, TG Siger, HJ Viereck, R BE Washwell, ER TI The space environment monitoring mission beyond GOES M SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE future; GOES; space; solar; services C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM CTR,SE,R,E,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 320 EP 328 DI 10.1117/12.254080 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00030 ER PT B AU Weinreb, M AF Weinreb, M BE Washwell, ER TI Real-world calibration of GOES-8 and -9 sensors SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE calibration; infrared radiation; visible radiation; radiometers; meteorological satellite sensors C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 572 EP 586 DI 10.1117/12.254102 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00052 ER PT B AU Crosby, DS Randou, E AF Crosby, DS Randou, E BE Washwell, ER TI Statistical properties of inter-calibration techniques which use empirical distribution functions SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE intercalibration; empirical distribution function; estimation; quantiles; hypothesis testing; confidence intervals C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 614 EP 617 DI 10.1117/12.254106 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00056 ER PT B AU Schmit, TJ AF Schmit, TJ BE Washwell, ER TI Sounder bias correction of the east-west radiance gradient SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE infrared calibration; radiance tuning; atmospheric retrievals; retrieval verification C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,ADV SATELLITE PROD TEAM,MADISON,WI 53706. RI Schmit, Timothy/F-5624-2010 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 630 EP 637 DI 10.1117/12.254108 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00058 ER PT B AU Kelly, KA Hudson, JF Pinkine, N AF Kelly, KA Hudson, JF Pinkine, N BE Washwell, ER TI GOES 8/9 Image Navigation and Registration operations SO GOES-8 AND BEYOND SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on GOES-8 and Beyond CY AUG 07-09, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, NARSIA, ASPRS DE Image Navigation and Registration; operations; operational techniques; orbit and attitude C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2200-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2812 BP 777 EP 788 DI 10.1117/12.254123 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG61F UT WOS:A1996BG61F00071 ER PT B AU Pratt, HL AF Pratt, HL BE Klimley, AP Ainley, DG TI Reproduction in the male white shark SO GREAT WHITE SHARKS: THE BIOLOGY OF CARCHARODON CARCHARIAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Great White Shark - the Biology of Carcharodon Carcharias CY MAR 04-07, 1993 CL UNIV CALIF DAVIS, BODEGA MARINE LAB, DAVIS, CA SP Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Calif Dept Boating & Waterways, David & Lucille Packard Fdn, Gulf Farallones Natl Marine Sanctuary, Monterey Bay Natl Marine Sanctuary, Natal Sharks Board South Africa, Natl Audubon Soc, Primary Ind S Austr Fisheries, Point Reyes Bird Observ, Sea World San Diego, Shark Res Inst New Princeton, New Jersey, S Austr Res & Dev Inst, Discovery Channel HO UNIV CALIF DAVIS, BODEGA MARINE LAB RP Pratt, HL (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NARRAGANSETT LAB,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 0 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 BN 0-12-415030-6 PY 1996 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.1016/B978-012415031-7/50014-8 PG 8 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG79E UT WOS:A1996BG79E00013 ER PT J AU Jones, CA Tomasi, TD Fluke, SW AF Jones, CA Tomasi, TD Fluke, SW TI Public and private claims in natural resource damage assessments SO HARVARD ENVIRONMENTAL LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 ENVIRONM ECON RES GRP,WILMINGTON,DE. NOAA,OFF GEN COUNSEL SE REG,ST PETERSBURG,FL. RP Jones, CA (reprint author), NOAA,RESOURCE VALUAT BRANCH,DAMAGE ASSESSMENT CTR,SILVER SPRING,MD, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVARD LAW SCHOOL PI CAMBRIDGE PA PUBLICATIONS CTR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 0147-8257 J9 HARVARD ENVIRON LAW JI Harv. Environ. Law Rev. PY 1996 VL 20 IS 1 BP 111 EP 163 PG 53 WC Environmental Studies; Law SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA TW821 UT WOS:A1996TW82100004 ER PT B AU Obarski, GE Larson, DR Phelan, RJ AF Obarski, GE Larson, DR Phelan, RJ BE Morton, PA Crawford, DL TI Multi-gigahertz relative intensity noise of an InGaAsP laser at cryogenic temperature SO HIGH-SPEED SEMICONDUCTOR LASER SOURCES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High-Speed Semiconductor Laser Sources CY FEB 01-02, 1996 CL SAN JOSE, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE semiconductor laser; relative intensity noise; RIN; cryogenic temperature; relaxation oscillation frequency C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV OPTOELECTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2058-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2684 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1117/12.236934 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF24Z UT WOS:A1996BF24Z00011 ER PT B AU Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Jiang, F Sastry, PVPSS West, AR AF Wong-Ng, W Cook, LP Jiang, F Sastry, PVPSS West, AR BE Balachandran, U McGinn, PJ Abell, JS TI Selected phage equilibria in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system SO HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS: SYNTHESIS, PROCESSING, AND LARGE-SCALE APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High Temperature Superconductors - Synthesis, Processing, and Large-Scale Applications, at the 1996 TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 04-08, 1996 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Struct Mat Div, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Electr Magnet & Photon Mat Div ID CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; TEXTURE FORMATION; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; MELT; SRO-CAO-BI2O3-CUO; COMPATIBILITIES; BI2SR2CA2CU3O10; MICROSTRUCTURE; PORTIONS; TAPES AB Phase equilibrium studies of parts of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system were conducted, with focus on the minimum melting in the system, and the subsolidus and melting relationships of the Raveau 11 9 0 5 (Bi:Sr:Ca:Cu) phase, and the 2212 and 2223 phases. C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-326-0 PY 1996 BP 123 EP 132 PG 10 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BM47Q UT WOS:000078854300014 ER PT J AU Powell, MD Houston, SH AF Powell, MD Houston, SH BE Tait, LS TI Hurricane Opal at landfall: A complex surface wind field SO HURRICANES PREPAREDNESS: FACING THE REALITY OF MORE AND BIGGER STORMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual National Hurricane Conference on Hurricanes Preparedness - Facing the Reality of More and Bigger Storms CY APR 02-05, 1996 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Meteorol Soc, Amer Public Works Assoc, Amer Red Cross, Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agcy, Coastal States Org, Fed Coordinator Meteorol Serv, Fed Emergency Management Agcy, Florida Div Emergency Management, Florida Shore & Beach Preservat Assoc, Insurance Informat Inst, Insurance Inst Property Loss Reduct, Natl Hurricane Ctr, NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, So Bldg Code Congress Int, USA Corps Engineers, US Agcy Int Dev, Wind Engn Res Council C1 NOAA,HURRICANE RES DIV,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATIONAL HURRICANE CONFERENCE PI TALLAHASSEE PA 864 EAST PARK AVE, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32301 PY 1996 BP 8 EP 13 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BF57C UT WOS:A1996BF57C00002 ER PT S AU Antonucci, JM Skrtic, D Eanes, ED AF Antonucci, JM Skrtic, D Eanes, ED BE Ottenbrite, RM Huang, SJ Park, K TI Bioactive polymeric dental materials based on amorphous calcium phosphate SO HYDROGELS AND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS FOR BIOAPPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Hydrogels and Biodegradable Polymers for Bioapplications, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc ID CEMENTS AB The effectiveness of acrylic-based visible light curable composites with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as the filler phase to release Ca2+ and phosphate (PO4) ions in aqueous media was enhanced with the incorporation of zirconyl dimethacrylate (ZrM) or 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) as coupling agents. Relatively hydrophobic resin-based composites formulated with these coupling agents were found to more rapidly release these ions over a longer period to establish solution Ca2+ and PO4 concentrations much higher than those obtained from similar composites without these coupling agents. The increased effectiveness of the former composites was comparable to that observed with more hydrophilic composites formulated with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. In addition, composite strength was not compromised by the incorporation of MPTMS or ZrM. These results suggest that coupling agents make ACP-filled composites even more effective as bioactive dental materials for use in clinical applications where preventing demineralization or promoting remineralization of tooth structures is desirable. C1 NIDR,BONE RES BRANCH,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RUDJER BOSKOVIC INST,DEPT CHEM,ZAGREB 41000,CROATIA. RP Antonucci, JM (reprint author), NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3400-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1996 VL 627 BP 243 EP 254 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Chemistry; Mechanics GA BF19C UT WOS:A1996BF19C00020 ER PT S AU Berning, DW Hefner, AR AF Berning, DW Hefner, AR GP IEEE, IND APPL SOC TI IGBT half-bridge shoot-through characterization for model validation SO IAS '96 - CONFERENCE RECORD OF THE 1996 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE, THIRTY-FIRST IAS ANNUAL MEETING, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference / 31st IAS Annual Meeting CY OCT 06-10, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP IEEE Ind Appl Soc C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0197-2618 BN 0-7803-3545-7 J9 IEEE IND APPLIC SOC PY 1996 BP 1491 EP 1499 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG62P UT WOS:A1996BG62P00199 ER PT B AU Cresswell, MW Allen, RA Linholm, LW Guthrie, WF Gurnell, AW AF Cresswell, MW Allen, RA Linholm, LW Guthrie, WF Gurnell, AW GP IEEE TI Hybrid optical-electrical overlay test structure SO ICMTS 1996 - 1996 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROELECTRONIC TEST STRUCTURES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Test Structures (ICMTS 1996) CY MAR 25-28, 1996 CL TRENT, ITALY SP IEEE, Electron Devices Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2783-7 PY 1996 BP 9 EP 12 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG12J UT WOS:A1996BG12J00002 ER PT B AU VanBrunt, RJ vonGlahn, P AF VanBrunt, RJ vonGlahn, P GP IEEE DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC TI Improved Monte-Carlo simulator of partial discharge SO IEEE 1996 ANNUAL REPORT - CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena CY OCT 20-23, 1996 CL MILLBRAE, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc AB A previously introduced Monte-Carlo simulator of partial discharge (PD) has been extended and made more versatile to allow simulation of a wider range of observed discharge behavior. The version of the simulator described here allows simulation of pulsating PD that can be represented as a point process and covers such properties as nonstationary behavior associated with PD-induced modifications of the discharge site and statistical characteristics of multi-site discharges. In the present work, it is shown how the simulator can be applied to gain insight into the physical basis for the previously reported anomalous stochastic behavior of PD generated by applying low-frequency alternating voltages to point electrodes that touch the surface of pure Al2O3. RP VanBrunt, RJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3581-3 PY 1996 BP 504 EP 509 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG90K UT WOS:A1996BG90K00129 ER PT B AU Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H AF Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H GP IEEE DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC TI Thermal properties and electric field profile in metallized dielectric film adhesively bonded to substrate SO IEEE 1996 ANNUAL REPORT - CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA, VOLS I & II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena CY OCT 20-23, 1996 CL MILLBRAE, CA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc AB For a metallized dielectric film glued to a substrate, we demonstrate the simultaneous determination of the electric field profile and the thermal diffusivity of the film and the heat transfer coefficient of the glue layer using the thermal pulse method and a voltage bias applied to the film. The temperature profile used is the solution of the heat conduction equation for an electroded, substrate-mounted sample with finite heat transfer to the substrate. Substrate mounting prevents unwanted vibrations. The effects of the metallic electrode on the temperature profile are considered. The field distribution due to dielectric charging is determined by deconvolution using the Tikhonov-regularization technique. RP Bloss, P (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3581-3 PY 1996 BP 721 EP 725 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG90K UT WOS:A1996BG90K00179 ER PT B AU Johnk, R Randa, J AF Johnk, R Randa, J GP IEEE TI Low-frequency representation of radio-frequency absorbers SO IEEE 1996 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY - EMC: SILICON TO SYSTEMS, SYMPOSIUM RECORD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 1996 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility CY AUG 19-23, 1996 CL SANTA CLARA, CA SP IEEE, EMC Soc, Santa Clara Valley Chapter, Electromagnet News Report, IBEX Grp Inc, Int Compliance Corp, Schaffner EMC Inc, Schlegel Corp, Vanguard Prod Corp, Omega Shielding C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET FIELDS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3208-3 PY 1996 BP 174 EP 179 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG39Y UT WOS:A1996BG39Y00033 ER PT B AU Marx, E AF Marx, E GP IEEE TI Integral equation for scattering by a rough surface SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM - 1996 DIGEST, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society Symposium / USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting CY JUL 21-26, 1996 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE, Antennas & Propagat Soc, USNC URSI C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3217-2 PY 1996 BP 462 EP 465 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG23E UT WOS:A1996BG23E00110 ER PT B AU Mink, A AF Mink, A GP IEEE TI MultiKron: Performance measurement instrumentation SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER PERFORMANCE AND DEPENDABILITY SYMPOSIUM - IPDS'96, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Computer Performance and Dependability Symposium (IPDS 96) CY SEP 04-06, 1996 CL URBANA, IL SP IEEE, Comp Soc, Tech Comm Fault Tolerant Comp, IFIP Working Grp Performance Evaluat, IFIP Working Grp Dependable Comp & Fault Tolerance, Univ Illinois Urbana Champaign, Duke Univ, Ctr Adv Comp & Commun, Univ Turin C1 NIST,SCALABLE PARALLEL SYST & APPLICAT GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-7484-9 PY 1996 BP 55 EP 55 DI 10.1109/IPDS.1996.540199 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG22E UT WOS:A1996BG22E00007 ER PT J AU Chang, PS Mead, JB Knapp, EJ Sadowy, GA Davis, RE McIntosh, RE AF Chang, PS Mead, JB Knapp, EJ Sadowy, GA Davis, RE McIntosh, RE TI Polarimetric backscatter from fresh and metamorphic snowcover at millimeter wavelengths SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article ID WAVE BACKSCATTER; SNOW SPECIMENS; DRY SNOW; RADAR AB This paper presents 35, 95, and 225 GHz polarimetric radar backscatter data from snowcover. It compares measured backscatter data with detailed in situ measurements of the snowcover including microstructural anisotropies within the snowpack, Observations of backscatter were made during melt-freeze cycles, and measurable differences in the normalized radar cross section between older metamorphic snow and fresh low-density snow were observed, In addition, these data show that the average phase difference between the copolarized terms of the scattering matrix, S-vv and S-hh, is nonzero for certain snow types. This phase difference was found to be related to snowpack features including anisotropy, wetness, density, and particle size, A simple backscatter model based on measured particle size and anisotropy is found to predict the Mueller matrix for dry snowcover with reasonable accuracy. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING LAB,AMHERST,MA 01003. USA,COLD REG RES ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Chang, PS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,OFF RES & APPLICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. RI Chang, Paul/F-5580-2010 OI Chang, Paul/0000-0001-5113-0938 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP 58 EP 73 DI 10.1109/8.477529 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA TQ206 UT WOS:A1996TQ20600008 ER PT J AU Grody, NC Basist, AN AF Grody, NC Basist, AN TI Global identification of snowcover using SSM/I measurements SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SENSOR MICROWAVE IMAGER; CLASSIFICATION AB Visible satellite sensors have monitored snowcover throughout the Northern Hemisphere for almost thirty years. These sensors can detect snowcover during daylight, cloud-free conditions. The operational procedure developed by NOAA/NESDIS requires an analyst to manually view the images in order to subjectively distinguish between clouds and snowcover, Because this procedure is manually intensive, it is only performed weekly, Since microwave sensors see through nonprecipitating clouds, snowcover can be determined objectively without the intervention of an analyst, Furthermore, microwave sensors can provide daily analysis of snowcover in real-time, which is essential for operational forecast models and regional hydrologic monitoring. Snowcover measurements are obtained from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I), flown aboard the DMSP satellites, a decision tree, containing various filters, is used td separate the scattering signature of snowcover from other scattering signatures. Problem areas are discussed and when possible, a filter is developed to eliminate biases, The finalized decision tree is an objective algorithm to monitor the global distribution of snowcover, Comparisons are made between the SSM/I snowcover product and the NOAA/NESDIS subjectively analyzed weekly product. C1 NOAA,CLIMATE ANAL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. RP Grody, NC (reprint author), NOAA,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 28 TC 155 Z9 176 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1 BP 237 EP 249 DI 10.1109/36.481908 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA TT934 UT WOS:A1996TT93400024 ER PT J AU Avramov, ID Walls, FL Parker, TE Montress, GK AF Avramov, ID Walls, FL Parker, TE Montress, GK TI Extremely low thermal noise floor, high power oscillators using surface transverse wave devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB This paper presents state-of-the-art results on 1-GHz surface transverse wave (STW) oscillators running at extremely high loop power levels. The high-Q single-mode STW resonators used in these designs have an insertion loss of 3.6 dB, an unloaded Q of 8000, a residual PM noise of -142 dBc/Hz at a 1-Hz carrier offset, and operate at an incident power of up to +31 dBm in the loop. Other low-Q STW resonators and coupled resonator filters (CRF), with insertion losses in the 5-9 dB range, can conveniently handle power levels in excess of two Watts. These devices were incorporated into voltage controlled oscillators (VCO's) running from a 9.6-V de source and provide an RF output power of +23 dBm at an RF/dc efficiency of 28%. Their tuning range was 750 kHz and the PM noise floor was -180 dBc/Hz. The oscillators, stabilized with the high Q devices and using specially designed AB-class power amplifiers, delivered an output power of +29 dBm and exhibited a PM noise floor of -184 dBc/Hz and a 1-Hz phase noise level of -17 dBc/Hz. The 1-Hz phase noise level was improved to -33 dBc/Hz using a commercially available loop amplifier. In this case, the output power was +22 dBm. In all cases studied, the loop amplifier was found to be the factor limiting the close-to-carrier oscillator phase noise performance. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. RAYTHEON CO,DIV RES,LEXINGTON,MA 02173. RP Avramov, ID (reprint author), INST SOLID STATE PHYS,BU-1784 SOFIA,BULGARIA. NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JAN PY 1996 VL 43 IS 1 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1109/58.484459 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA TQ351 UT WOS:A1996TQ35100004 ER PT B AU Howard, EG Kirkner, S AF Howard, EG Kirkner, S GP IEEE ENGN MANAGEMENT SOC TI New trends in space program management SO IEMC 96 PROCEEDINGS - MANAGING VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES: A CONVERGENCE OF COMMUNICATIONS, COMPUTING, AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Engineering and Technology Management - Managing Virtual Enterprises: A Convergence of Communications, Computing, and Energy Technologies (IEMC 96) CY AUG 18-20, 1996 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP IEEE, Engn Management Soc C1 US DEPT COMMERCE,NOAA,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3552-X PY 1996 BP 212 EP 216 DI 10.1109/IEMC.1996.547817 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG27Y UT WOS:A1996BG27Y00038 ER PT B AU Skirta, EA Keane, AN AF Skirta, EA Keane, AN GP IEEE TI An application of the two-scale model from the point of view of the small-slope approximation to radar observations from the ocean SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 603 EP 605 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00191 ER PT B AU Irisov, VG Trokhimovski, YG AF Irisov, VG Trokhimovski, YG GP IEEE TI Polarimetric observation of ocean internal waves by microwave radiometers during the coastal ocean probing experiment SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,NOAA,ERL,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1126 EP 1128 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00361 ER PT B AU Jacobson, MD Emery, WJ Westwater, ER AF Jacobson, MD Emery, WJ Westwater, ER GP IEEE TI Oceanic wind vector determination using a dual-frequency microwave airborne radiometer theory and experiment SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,ETL,BOULDER,CO 80303. OI Emery, William/0000-0002-7598-9082 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1138 EP 1140 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00365 ER PT B AU Shaw, JA Churnside, JH AF Shaw, JA Churnside, JH GP IEEE TI Ocean ripple statistics measured with a scanning-laser glint sensor SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,R E ET1,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1328 EP 1330 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00423 ER PT B AU Snider, JB Hazen, DA AF Snider, JB Hazen, DA GP IEEE TI Observed and theoretical millimeter wave emission in the tropics SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1432 EP 1434 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00456 ER PT B AU Westwater, ER Irisov, VG Fedor, LS Trokhimovski, YG AF Westwater, ER Irisov, VG Fedor, LS Trokhimovski, YG GP IEEE TI Surface and airborne radiometric observations during the Coastal Ocean Probing Experiment: An overview SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1450 EP 1453 PG 4 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00461 ER PT B AU Irisov, VG Trokhimovski, YG AF Irisov, VG Trokhimovski, YG GP IEEE TI Observation of the ocean brightness temperature anisotropy during the Coastal Ocean Probing Experiment SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,ERL,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1457 EP 1459 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00463 ER PT B AU Smirnov, AV AF Smirnov, AV GP IEEE TI Coupled wind internal wave system SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,ETL,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1481 EP 1483 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00471 ER PT B AU Trokhimovski, YG Westwater, ER Irisov, VG Leuskiy, VY AF Trokhimovski, YG Westwater, ER Irisov, VG Leuskiy, VY GP IEEE TI A scanning 60 GHz radiometer to measure air-sea temperature difference: Recent results during COPE SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ERL,ETL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1672 EP 1674 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00533 ER PT B AU Jacobson, MD Nunnelee, WM AF Jacobson, MD Nunnelee, WM GP IEEE TI Performance evaluation of a spinning flat reflector for millimeter-wave radiometry SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ERL,ETL,R E,ETI,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1678 EP 1680 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00535 ER PT B AU Fedor, LS Westwater, ER Falls, MJ AF Fedor, LS Westwater, ER Falls, MJ GP IEEE TI Observations of water vapor and cloud liquid from an airborne dual-frequency radiometer during VORTEX '95 SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1681 EP 1684 PG 4 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00536 ER PT B AU Han, Y Westwater, ER Ferrare, RA AF Han, Y Westwater, ER Ferrare, RA GP IEEE TI Applications of Kalman Filtering to derive water vapor profiles from Raman lidar and microwave radiometers SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,CIRES,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1685 EP 1687 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00537 ER PT B AU Li, L Chang, P AF Li, L Chang, P GP IEEE TI Ocean surface wind speed and direction retrievals from the SSM/I SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,NESDIS,OFF RES & APPLICAT,CTR SCI,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1707 EP 1709 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00544 ER PT B AU Bates, J McColl, KC AF Bates, J McColl, KC GP IEEE TI Assessing the ocean surface vector wind signal in SSM/I data using neural networks SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,ERL,CLIMATE DIAGNOST CTR,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1710 EP 1711 PG 2 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00545 ER PT B AU Krasnopolsky, VM Breaker, LC Gemmill, WH AF Krasnopolsky, VM Breaker, LC Gemmill, WH GP IEEE TI Surface winds from the SSM/I using neural networks SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,ENVIRONM MODELING CTR,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1712 EP 1714 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00546 ER PT B AU Kropfli, RA Clifford, SF AF Kropfli, RA Clifford, SF GP IEEE TI The coastal ocean probing experiment: Further studies of air-sea interactions with remote and in-situ sensors SO IGARSS '96 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM: REMOTE SENSING FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE, VOLS I - IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 96) - Remote Sensing for a Sustainable Future CY MAY 21-31, 1996 CL LINCOLN, NE SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NASA, NOAA, USN, Off Naval Res, US Natl Comm Union Radiosci Int, Canon Modern Methods Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Adv Land Management Informat Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Commun & Informat Sci, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Electro Opt, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Ctr Laser Anal Studies Trace Gas Dynam, Centurion Int Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Coll Engn & Technol, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Dept Elect Engn, ERDAS Inc, Univ Nebraska Lincoln, High Plains Climate Ctr, Li Cor Inc, US Geol Survey EROS Data Ctr C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM TECHNOL LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3069-2 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1996 BP 1739 EP 1741 PG 3 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BF96U UT WOS:A1996BF96U00555 ER PT S AU Moffat, TP AF Moffat, TP BE Sharma, R Gai, PL GajdardziskaJosifovska, M Sinclair, R Whitman, LJ TI An in situ STM study of Cu and Ni electrodeposition SO IN SITU ELECTRON AND TUNNELING MICROSCOPY OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on In Situ Electron and Tunneling Microscopy of Dynamic Processes CY NOV 26-DEC 01, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Mat Res Soc C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-307-X J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1996 VL 404 BP 3 EP 8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA BG19E UT WOS:A1996BG19E00001 ER PT B AU Carnahan, LJ AF Carnahan, LJ BE Hampel, VE Neuman, C Barlow, JP TI Developing federal standards and accreditations for data protection products SO INFORMATION PROTECTION AND NETWORK SECURITY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Information Protection and Network Security, at the SPIE Photonics East Symposium CY OCT 24-26, 1995 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE conformance testing; cryptographic module; security testing; validation C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,COMP SYST LAB,SECUR TECHNOL GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1980-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2616 BP 18 EP 28 DI 10.1117/12.232256 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Optics SC Computer Science; Optics GA BF18Q UT WOS:A1996BF18Q00003 ER PT S AU Troy, EF AF Troy, EF BE Pieprzyk, J Seberry, J TI Breakthroughs in standardisation of IT security criteria SO INFORMATION SECURITY AND PRIVACY: 1ST AUSTRALASIAN CONFERENCE, ACISP 96 SE LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Australasian Conference on Information Security and Privacy CY JUN 24-26, 1996 CL WOLLONGONG, AUSTRALIA SP Australasian Soc Electr Security, Univ Wollongong, Ctr Comp Security Res, Int Assoc Cryptol Res C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, IT Secur Criteria & Evaluat, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Troy, EF (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, IT Secur Criteria & Evaluat, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 3-540-61991-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 1996 VL 1172 BP 108 EP 120 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BL14L UT WOS:000074439200011 ER PT B AU Masterson, KD Novotny, DR Cavecy, KH AF Masterson, KD Novotny, DR Cavecy, KH BE Brandt, HE TI Standard antennas designed with electrooptic modulators and optical-fiber linkage SO INTENSE MICROWAVE PULSES IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Intense Microwave Pulses IV CY AUG 07-08, 1996 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Rome Lab DE active bias control; Michelson interferometer; radio frequency; standard antenna C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET FIELDS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2231-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2843 BP 188 EP 196 DI 10.1117/12.255419 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG61C UT WOS:A1996BG61C00024 ER PT B AU Wallace, E Clements, PC Wallnau, KC AF Wallace, E Clements, PC Wallnau, KC GP IEEE COMP SOC TI Discovering a system modernization decision framework: A case study in migrating to distributed object technology SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM96) / 1996 Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE) CY NOV 04-08, 1996 CL MONTEREY, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Council Software Engn, Ctr Rech Informat Montreal, Fraunhofer Inst Exptl Software Engn, Mitretek Syst, NASA Johnson Space Flight Ctr, Space Shuttle Software Div, Naval Postgrad Sch AB Many organizations face a serious challenge introducing new technologies into existing systems. Effective modernization requires knowing and articulating specific goals for the reengineering effort, conscious selection of technologies and technical approaches that can achieve those goals in the context of the class of system being upgraded, a staged migration plan, and an integration strategy to make in-hand components work under the newly adopted architecture. Although the study of reengineering is moving towards an engineering discipline, there are as yet no proven decision frameworks that allow an organization to rationally choose a modernization strategy. This paper provides an in-depth look at the engineering trade-offs made in modernizing a manufacturing engineering design system to use distributed object technology. From this case study the outlines of a more general re-engineering decision framework can be seen, and are discussed. RP Wallace, E (reprint author), NIST,MFG ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 BN 0-8186-7677-9 PY 1996 BP 185 EP 195 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BG89F UT WOS:A1996BG89F00021 ER PT J AU Yang, S Yuan, FG Chiang, MYM AF Yang, S Yuan, FG Chiang, MYM TI Analytical forms of higher-order asymptotic elastic-plastic crack-tip fields in a linear hardening material under antiplane shear SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article ID SINGULARITIES; NOTCH AB An analytical study of the higher-order asymptotic solutions of the stress and strain fields near the traction-free crack tip under antiplane shear in a linear hardening material is investigated. The results show that every term of the asymptotic fields is controlled by both elasticity and plasticity and all the higher-order asymptotic fields are governed by linear nonhomogeneous equations. The first four term solutions are presented analytically and the first four terms are described by two independent parameters J and K-2. The amplitude of the second order term solution is only dependent on the material properties, but independent of loading and geometry. This paper focuses on the case with traction-free crack surface boundary conditions. The effects of different crack surface boundary conditions, such as clamped and mixed surfaces, on the crack-tip fields are also presented. Comparison of multi-term solution with leading term solution, and finite element solution in an infinite strip with semi-infinite crack under constant displacements along the edges is provided. C1 NIST,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Yang, S (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH & AEROSP ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 59 EP 71 DI 10.1007/BF00036480 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA WC966 UT WOS:A1996WC96600005 ER PT J AU Baltatu, ME Chong, RA Huber, ML AF Baltatu, ME Chong, RA Huber, ML TI Viscosity of defined and undefined hydrocarbon liquids calculated using an extended corresponding-states model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties CY JUN 19-24, 1994 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO SP NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Thermophys Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Heat Transfer Div, Comm Thermophys Properties HO UNIV COLORADO DE corresponding states; petroleum fractions; viscosity prediction ID INTERNALLY CONSISTENT CORRELATION; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PETROLEUM FRACTIONS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; MIXTURES; PREDICTION; FLUIDS; TEMPERATURE AB We predict the viscosity of petroleum fractions using extended corresponding states. Our model builds upon the TRAPP procedure, which is the most advanced approach to predict transport properties of straight-chain nonpolar hydrocarbons and their mixtures. We perform comparisons with experimental viscosity data for pure hydrocarbons, treating them as nonstandard components; we find deviations of 10-15%. We also extend the model to predict the transport properties of petroleum fractions and compare with an experimental database of more than 80 crude oils, including highly aromatic petroleum fractions. The model predicts the viscosity of the crude oil Fractions within experimental uncertainty. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP Baltatu, ME (reprint author), DANIEL INC,IRVINE,CA 92730, USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1007/BF01448223 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA TT317 UT WOS:A1996TT31700020 ER PT J AU Ledbetter, H Kim, S Fortunko, C Heyliger, P AF Ledbetter, H Kim, S Fortunko, C Heyliger, P TI Compressibility of polycrystal and monocrystal copper: Acoustic-resonance spectroscopy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Symposium on Thermophysical Properties CY JUN 19-24, 1994 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO SP NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Thermophys Div, Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Heat Transfer Div, Comm Thermophys Properties HO UNIV COLORADO DE acoustic-resonance spectroscopy; bulk modulus; compressibility; copper; elastic constants; ultrasonics ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; ULTRASOUND AB Using a method used mainly by geophysicists for small specimens-acoustic-resonance spectroscopy (ARS)-we measured the elastic-stiffness constants of centimeter-size copper specimens with rectangular-parallelepiped shapes. The polycrystal consisted of heavily twinned 75-mu m crystallites. From the specimens' macroscopic resonance-vibration frequencies (midkilohertz to low-megahertz), we calculated the least-squares elastic-stiffness coefficients, two and three for the two cases. Using the same specimens, we augmented the ARS measurements with conventional pulse-echo-method measurements. Using rod specimens, we measured the Young modulus E and torsional modulus G, and we calculated the bulk modulus B. The less direct and less Familiar ARS method gives the same results as a usual pulse-echo method and a rod-resonance method. The small difference between polycrystal and monocrystal values may arise from mobile twin boundaries that contribute a small reversible plastic strain to the intrinsic elastic strain. We list 16 advantages of the ARS method to measure elastic constants. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP Ledbetter, H (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 263 EP 269 DI 10.1007/BF01448228 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA TT317 UT WOS:A1996TT31700025 ER PT B AU Rochford, KB Rose, AH Williams, PA Clarke, IG Hale, PD Day, GW AF Rochford, KB Rose, AH Williams, PA Clarke, IG Hale, PD Day, GW BE Yoshizawa, T Yokota, H TI Optical retardance standard: A progress report SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POLARIZATION ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS TO DEVICE TECHNOLOGY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Polarization Analysis and Applications to Device Technology CY JUN 12-14, 1996 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP SPIE Japan Chapter, Japan Opt Measuring Instruments Manufacturers Assoc, Soc Informat Display, Inst Elect Engineers Japan, Inoue Fdn Sci, Casio Sci Promot Fdn, City Yokohama C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV OPTOELECTR,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Hale, Paul/B-1737-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2271-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2873 BP 208 EP 209 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG27F UT WOS:A1996BG27F00051 ER PT J AU Messick, GA Small, EB AF Messick, GA Small, EB TI Mesanophrys chesapeakensis n sp, a histophagous ciliate in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, and associated histopathology SO INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protargol; Orchitophryidae ID CHIONOECETES-BAIRDI; DINOFLAGELLATE; LOBSTER AB Histophagous ciliate infections were infrequently detected in blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, from Chesapeake Bay, Delaware Bay, and a coastal bay of Maryland. Associated pathology included hemocyte aggregations in various tissues and nodule formation. Protargol silver staining of cultured ciliates revealed an oral apparatus morphologically similar to that of other hemolymph-infecting ciliates of the genus Mesanophrys. The oral apparatus included three distinct oral polykinetids and an oral dikinetid consisting predominantly of a b segment and a smaller c segment. Morphologic comparison to other histophagous ciliates infecting crustaceans showed that the ciliate in blue crabs is a distinct species, Mesanophrys chesapeakensis n. sp., family Orchitophryidae. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ZOOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Messick, GA (reprint author), NOAA,COOPERAT OXFORD LAB,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,OXFORD,MD 21654, USA. NR 30 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MICROSCOPICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 1077-8306 J9 INVERTEBR BIOL JI Invertebr. Biol. PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.2307/3226937 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA TX676 UT WOS:A1996TX67600001 ER PT B AU Shobe, J Rodgers, JE Taylor, PL Jackson, J Popescu, G AF Shobe, J Rodgers, JE Taylor, PL Jackson, J Popescu, G GP AUSTRIAN ASSOC RADIAT PROTECT TI Scattered fractions of dose from 18 and 25 MV x-ray radiotherapy linear accelerators SO IRPA9 - 1996 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON RADIATION PROTECTION / NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, PROCEEDINGS, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 International Congress on Radiation Protection / 9th International Congress of the International-Radiation-Protection-Association (IRPA9) CY APR 14-19, 1996 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA SP Austrian Assoc Radiat Protect, Int Radiat Protect Assoc C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT RADIAT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RP Shobe, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOC PI MONTREAL PA 2155 RUE GUY, BUREAU 820, MONTREAL PQ H3H 2R9, CANADA BN 3-9500255-4-5 PY 1996 BP C540 EP C542 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BH13R UT WOS:A1996BH13R00214 ER PT S AU McLaughlin, WL AlSheikhly, M Lewis, DF Kovacs, A Wojnarovits, L AF McLaughlin, WL AlSheikhly, M Lewis, DF Kovacs, A Wojnarovits, L BE Clough, RL Shalaby, SW TI Radiochromic solid-state polymerization reaction SO IRRADIATION OF POLYMERS: FUNDAMENTALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Irradiation of Polymers, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc ID CONJUGATED TRIPLE-BONDS; TOPOCHEMICAL REACTIONS; CRYSTALS; MONOMERS AB Radiochromic films (GafChromic DM 1260 and MD 55), consisting of thin, colorless transparent coatings of a polycrystalline, substituted-diacetylene sensor layer on a clear polyester base, are studied by pulse radiolysis and flash photolysis, in terms of the kinetics of their response to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light, respectively. These films have recently been established for broad applications in radiographic imaging, nuclear medicine, and dosimetry for radiotherapy, blood irradiation, insect population control, food irradiation, and industrial radiation processing. The radiochromic reaction is a solid-state polymerization, whereby the films turn deep blue proportionately to radiation dose, due to progressive 1,4-trans additions as polyconjugations along the ladder-like polymer chains. The pulsed-electron-induced propagation of polymerization has an observed first-order rate constant of the order of 10(3) s(-1), depending on the irradiation temperature (activation energy approximate to 50 kJ mol(-1)). The W-induced polymerization is faster by about one order of magnitude (k(obs) = 1.5 X 10(4) s(-1)). In the case of the electron beam effect, the radiation-induced absorption spectrum exhibits a much slower blueshift of the primary absorption band (lambda(max) = 675 nm --> 660 nm) on the 10(-3) - 10(+1) second time scale. This effect is attributed to crystalline strain rearrangements of the stacked polymer strand units. C1 HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,INST ISOTOPES,RADIAT CHEM DEPT,H-1525 BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. ISP TECHNOL INC,ADV MAT GRP,WAYNE,NJ 07470. RP McLaughlin, WL (reprint author), NIST,TECHNOL ADM,US DEPT COMMERCE,IONIZING RADIAT DIV,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3377-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1996 VL 620 BP 152 EP 166 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA BF03R UT WOS:A1996BF03R00011 ER PT S AU AlSheikhly, M McLaughlin, WL AF AlSheikhly, M McLaughlin, WL BE Clough, RL Shalaby, SW TI Interpenetrating polymer network formation by electron-beam curing of acrylated epoxy resin blends SO IRRADIATION OF POLYMERS: FUNDAMENTALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Irradiation of Polymers, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Polym Chem Inc AB Continuous manufacturing processes of complicated structures of epoxy resin-graphite fiber composites require higher control of the level and dispersity of polymerization. This goal was achieved by using a two-step curing process involving different blends of unmodified epoxy resins with modified acrylated epoxy resins. The first step was designed to achieve partial curing of the blend by using high-energy electron beam (e-beam) irradiation, followed by full thermal curing. Higher glass transition temperature (T-g) values were obtained by using modified fully unsaturated resins with unmodified epoxy resins, as compared to blends of modified monosaturated resins with unmodified epoxy resins. No partial curing was accomplished by e-beam irradiation of the unmodified epoxy resin alone. The present results demonstrate that the introduction of the fully-unsaturated resin blend increases the efficiency of the e-beam radiation curing through free-radical polymerization and then free-radical crosslinking, which leads to IPN formation. C1 NIST,TECHNOL ADM,US DEPT COMMERCE,IONIZING RADIAT DIV,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP AlSheikhly, M (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3377-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1996 VL 620 BP 188 EP 196 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA BF03R UT WOS:A1996BF03R00014 ER PT B AU Geyer, RG Krupka, J Sengupta, L Sengupta, S AF Geyer, RG Krupka, J Sengupta, L Sengupta, S BE Kulwicki, BM Amin, A Safari, A TI Microwave properties of composite ceramic phase shifter materials SO ISAF '96 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF 96) CY AUG 18-21, 1996 CL E BRUNSWICK, NJ SP IEEE, Ultrason Ferroelect & Frequency Control Soc, USN, Off Naval Res, Def Adv Res Project Agcy, Howatt Fdn AB The microwave properties of bulk ceramic barium strontium titanate and non-ferroelectric oxide composites are measured at X-band with a cylindrical mode-filtered resonant cavity. A helical wire-wound waveguide makes up the cavity's cylindrical wall, which permits the use of high-purity TE01p resonant modes for high accuracy permittivity measurements. Measurement results at 300K show that microwave dielectric losses increase as the stoichiometric percentage of barium increases. The real. relative permittivity increases with decreasing weight percent of added non-ferroelectric low-loss oxide. Dielectric losses rapidly decrease with the addition of a relatively small amount of non-ferroelectric oxide. RP Geyer, RG (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3356-X PY 1996 BP 851 EP 854 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH95D UT WOS:A1996BH95D00184 ER PT B AU Gaitan, M AF Gaitan, M GP IEEE TI Microheating elements in CMOS technology SO ISCAS 96: 1996 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS - CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS CONNECTING THE WORLD, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - Circuits and Systems Connecting the World (ISCAS 96) CY MAY 12-15, 1996 CL ATLANTA, GA SP IEEE C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3073-0 PY 1996 BP 5 EP 8 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG15V UT WOS:A1996BG15V00002 ER PT B AU Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H AF Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H BE Xia, ZF Zhang, HY TI Application of the regularization technique to the deconvolution of thermal pulse data SO ISE 9 - 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTRETS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) CY SEP 25-30, 1996 CL TONGJI UNIV, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc HO TONGJI UNIV AB The regularization technique is applied for the first time to the deconvolution of thermal pulse data in order to obtain the spatial distributions of polarization and space charge in thin electret films. The temperature profile used is the solution of the heat conduction equation for a substrate-mounted sample with the heat transfer on the rear side of the sample considered. Substrate mounting prevents spurious high frequency oscillations, but requires careful consideration of the heat transfer in order to determine the spatial distribution over the whole thickness. We also discuss the influence of the metallic front electrode on the temperature profile and on the spatial distributions. RP Bloss, P (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2696-2 PY 1996 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1109/ISE.1996.578064 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH11M UT WOS:A1996BH11M00030 ER PT B AU Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H AF Bloss, P DeReggi, AS Schafer, H BE Xia, ZF Zhang, HY TI Adaptation of the thermal pulse method to the determination of thermal parameters of thin layers SO ISE 9 - 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTRETS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Electrets (ISE 9) CY SEP 25-30, 1996 CL TONGJI UNIV, SHANGHAI, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Dielect & Elect Insulat Soc HO TONGJI UNIV AB As shown by DeReggi and Bauer, the thermal diffusivity of a dielectric film adhered to a substrate acting as heat sink may be determined accurately from the electret or induced electret-like thermal pulse response. Motivated by the need in microelectronics for evaluating thermal contacts, adhesion and the effects of environmental moisture, we have analyzed as generally as possible the problem of the thermally contacted film. We have shown that under a wide range of conditions met in practice with different interfacial properties, both the diffusivity and interfacial heat transfer coefficients can be determined simultaneously with the electric field distribution. We have shown by experiments on Polyimide (PI), that charge injection cannot be neglected in those cases and that, therefore, deconvolution is generally necessary. RP Bloss, P (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2696-2 PY 1996 BP 684 EP 689 DI 10.1109/ISE.1996.578191 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BH11M UT WOS:A1996BH11M00121 ER PT J AU Manion, JA Tsang, W AF Manion, JA Tsang, W TI Hydrogen atom attack on fluorotoluenes: Rates of fluorine displacement SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE DESUBSTITUTION; KINETIC DATA; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; RATE CONSTANTS; BENZENE; TOLUENE; DERIVATIVES; MECHANISM; CHEMISTRY AB Rates of hydrogen atom attack on o-fluorotoluene (o-FTOL) and m-fluorotoluene (m-FTOL) at temperatures of 988-1144 K and pressures of 2-2.5 bar have been determined in a single-pulse shock tube study. Hydrogen atoms, generated from the decomposition of hexamethylethane, were allowed to react with the substrates and the characteristic products observed. Rate constants for two reaction channels, displacement of fluorine or methyl, were determined relative to displacement of methyl from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (135TMB). Evidence is presented that abstraction of F is unimportant over the studied temperature range. With k(H + 135TMB --> m-xylene + CH3) = 6.7 x 10(13) exp(-3255/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1), the following rate expressions have been derived: k(H + o-FTOL --> C6H5CH3 + F) = 8.38 x 10(13) exp(-6041/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1); (1012-1142 K) k(H + o-FTOL --> C6H5F + CH3) = 2.37 x 10(13) exp(-2938/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1); (988-1142 K k(H + m-FTOL --> C6H5CH3 + F) = 1.33 x 10(14) exp(-6810/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1); (1046-1144 K) k(H + m-FTOL --> C6H5F + CH3) = 2.04 x 10(13) exp(-3104/T) cm(3) mol(-1)s(-1); (1008-1144 K) Uncertainties in the relative rate constants are estimated to be factors of about 1.1, while the above absolute values have estimated expanded uncertainties of about a factor of 1.4 in rate, 10 kJ mol(-1) in the activation energy, and a factor of 3 in the A-factor The present data are compared with relevant literature data. From our data and the thermochemistry, a model of the elementary steps comprising displacement of F is developed. On the basis of the model fit to our data, rate constants for the addition of atomic fluorine to toluene at 1100 K are derived. Rate expressions for fluorination reactions of toluene are also determined. The significance of the present results is discussed in the context of the formation of fluorinated byproducts in high-temperature systems. RP Manion, JA (reprint author), NIST,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,PHYS & CHEM PROPERTIES DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LASER PAGES PUBL LTD PI JERUSALEM PA PO BOX 50257, JERUSALEM 91502, ISRAEL SN 0021-2148 J9 ISRAEL J CHEM JI Isr. J. Chem. PY 1996 VL 36 IS 3 BP 263 EP 273 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA WN993 UT WOS:A1996WN99300007 ER PT B AU Fread, DL AF Fread, DL BE Nakato, T Ettema, R TI A pathway toward improving hydrologic predictions SO ISSUES AND DIRECTIONS IN HYDRAULICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Iowa Hydraulics Colloquium on Issues and Directions in Hydraulics CY MAY 22-24, 1995 CL IOWA CITY, IA SP US Natl Sci Fdn, IES Ind Inc, Iowa Illinois Gas & Elect Co, Midwest Power Syst, Interstate Power Co, Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Water Resources Engn Div, UAS, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, US Bur Reclamat, UADA, Agr Res Serv, UA Geol Survey, Int Assoc Hydraul Res, Japan Soc Civil Engineers, Tennessee Valley Authority, Univ Iowa, Coll Engn C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF HYDROL,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU A A BALKEMA PI ROTTERDAM PA PO BOX 1675, 3000 BR ROTTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 90-5410-810-X PY 1996 BP 297 EP 303 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA BF78F UT WOS:A1996BF78F00027 ER PT B AU Thomson, R Carlsson, AE AF Thomson, R Carlsson, AE BE Arsenault, RJ Cole, D Gross, T Sizek, H Liaw, P Parameswaran, S Kostorz, G TI Embrittlement of materials SO JOHANNES WEERTMAN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Johannes Weertman Symposium at the TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 04-08, 1996 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Flow Fracture Comm ASM, Nuclear Mat Comm TMS/ASM, Federat European Mat Soc (FEMS) ID CRACKS AB This paper presents a synopsis of already published work for cracks on interfaces and new results on the effect of changing the chemistry of the atoms at the interface. Once the appropriate cut-off for the oscillatory singularity in the interface analysis is determined, the physics of the crack is determined in terms of an appropriate driving force for a particular event of interest, and a lattice resistance to the event. Analytic approximations are available for the driving forces, and the lattice resistance is determined on the basis of a block construction for the lattice. We show that for the case where the chemical bonding at the interface is different from that in the matrix, the same ideas are applicable, provided the different chemistry is incorporated correctly in the lattice resistance construction. C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Thomson, R (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 0-87339-327-9 PY 1996 BP 213 EP 216 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BM46G UT WOS:000078813700023 ER PT B AU Deyst, JP Souders, TM Blair, JJ AF Deyst, JP Souders, TM Blair, JJ GP IEEE TI Uncertainties of frequency response estimates derived from responses to uncertain step-like inputs SO JOINT CONFERENCE - 1996: IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE & IMEKO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 7, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I AND II: QUALITY MEASUREMENTS: THE INDISPENSABLE BRIDGE BETWEEN THEORY AND REALITY (NO MEASUREMENTS? NO SCIENCE!) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Conference 1996 - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference/IMEKO Technical Committee 7 (IMTC/96 - IMEKO TC-7) CY JUN 04-06, 1996 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM SP IEEE, Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IMEKO Tech Comm 7, Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Elec C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3312-8 PY 1996 BP 151 EP 155 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BF78W UT WOS:A1996BF78W00030 ER PT B AU Waltrip, BC Oldham, NM AF Waltrip, BC Oldham, NM GP IEEE TI DC-1 MHz wattmeter based on RMS voltage measurements SO JOINT CONFERENCE - 1996: IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE & IMEKO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 7, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I AND II: QUALITY MEASUREMENTS: THE INDISPENSABLE BRIDGE BETWEEN THEORY AND REALITY (NO MEASUREMENTS? NO SCIENCE!) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Conference 1996 - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference/IMEKO Technical Committee 7 (IMTC/96 - IMEKO TC-7) CY JUN 04-06, 1996 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM SP IEEE, Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IMEKO Tech Comm 7, Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Elec C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3312-8 PY 1996 BP 214 EP 215 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BF78W UT WOS:A1996BF78W00042 ER PT B AU Souders, TM Waltrip, BC Laug, OB Deyst, JP AF Souders, TM Waltrip, BC Laug, OB Deyst, JP GP IEEE TI A wideband sampling voltmeter SO JOINT CONFERENCE - 1996: IEEE INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE & IMEKO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 7, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I AND II: QUALITY MEASUREMENTS: THE INDISPENSABLE BRIDGE BETWEEN THEORY AND REALITY (NO MEASUREMENTS? NO SCIENCE!) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Conference 1996 - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference/IMEKO Technical Committee 7 (IMTC/96 - IMEKO TC-7) CY JUN 04-06, 1996 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM SP IEEE, Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IMEKO Tech Comm 7, Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Elec C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-3312-8 PY 1996 BP 1139 EP 1144 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BF78W UT WOS:A1996BF78W00218 ER PT J AU Tai, SSC Christensen, RG Coakley, K Ellerbe, P Long, T Welch, MJ AF Tai, SSC Christensen, RG Coakley, K Ellerbe, P Long, T Welch, MJ TI Certification of phencyclidine in lyophilized human urine reference materials SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHAMPHETAMINE; AMPHETAMINE; COCAINE C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,STAT ENGN DIV,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP Tai, SSC (reprint author), COLL AMER PATHOLOGISTS,NORTHFIELD,IL 60093, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1996 VL 20 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA TQ050 UT WOS:A1996TQ05000007 PM 8837950 ER PT J AU Birkenheuer, D AF Birkenheuer, D TI Applying satellite gradient moisture information to local-scale water vapor analysis using variational methods SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; ALGORITHM AB Horizontal shape matching (HSM) is a variational technique used to obtain an analysis that merges the gradient structure from one data source (e.g., satellite) with a background field. This technique is modeled after the variational methods that fall into two general categories: strong constraint and weak constraint. HSM, which is essentially a specialized filter function, falls in the weak constraint category. Here a technique is demonstrated that effectively tunes the filter to the spatial resolution inherent in the data sources rather than on the absolute error of the data. The HSM equation is developed for satellite gradient insertion including a cloud treatment. The filtering properties of the HSM equation are explored using Fourier analysis, and an approximate numerical solution is shown to be viable for operational use. Applying this technique to a dataset spanning more than a year proves the analysis has a positive effect through the statistical significance of a large sample of comparisons with radiosonde observation data. RP Birkenheuer, D (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,FSL,RE FS1,CIRA,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Birkenheuer, Daniel/E-7378-2015 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 24 EP 35 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<0024:ASGMIT>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TQ567 UT WOS:A1996TQ56700003 ER PT J AU McMillin, BK Zachariah, MR AF McMillin, BK Zachariah, MR TI Two-dimensional laser-induced fluorescence imaging of metastable density in low-pressure radio frequency argon plasmas with added O-2, Cl-2, and CF4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIOFREQUENCY GLOW-DISCHARGES; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ATTACHING GASES; ATOMS; EXCITATION; KINETICS; MIXTURES; RATES; MODEL AB The effect of minor additions of O-2, Cl-2, and CF, on the argon metastable relative density and spatial distribution in low-pressure, radio-frequency argon plasmas, generated within a parallel-plate Gaseous Electronics Conference reference reactor, has been investigated using planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging. For the conditions examined (33.3 Pa, 75-300 V, <10 W), the addition of only a few percent of these electron attaching gases was found to decrease the metastable density by as much as an order of magnitude, despite the fact that the excited-state argon emission indicated an increase in the metastable production rate. In the dilute O-2/Ar discharges examined here, the spatial distribution of metastables was similar to that of the electropositive, pure argon cases, exhibiting a strong axial peak near the interface between the plasma bulk and the sheath at the powered electrode. In contrast, the addition of either Cl-2 or CF4 was found to significantly modify the spatial distribution of the emission intensity and metastable density, resulting in a more symmetric and uniform axial metastable distribution. This change in metastable distribution for these mixtures was particularly apparent at lower powers and/or higher Cl-2/CF4 concentrations, and suggests a transition from an electropositive to a somewhat electronegative discharge. C1 NIST,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 1 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1063/1.360793 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN211 UT WOS:A1996TN21100012 ER PT J AU Hwang, HH Olthoff, JK VanBrunt, RJ Radovanov, SB Kushner, MJ AF Hwang, HH Olthoff, JK VanBrunt, RJ Radovanov, SB Kushner, MJ TI Evidence for inelastic processes for N-3(+) and N-4(+) from ion energy distributions in He/N-2 radio frequency glow discharges SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIOFREQUENCY DISCHARGES; CHARGE-TRANSFER; RF DISCHARGE; ELECTRODE; PLASMAS; MODEL; N2 AB The ion energy distributions (IEDs) striking surfaces in rf glow discharges are important in the context of plasma etching during the fabrication of microelectronics devices. In discharges sustained in molecular gases or multicomponent gas mixtures, the shape of the IED and the relative magnitudes of the ion fluxes are sensitive to ion-molecule collisions which occur in the presheath and sheath. Ions which collisionlessly traverse the sheaths or suffer only elastic collisions arrive at the substrate with a measurably different IED than do ions which undergo inelastic collisions. In this article we present measurements and results from parametric calculations of IEDs incident on the grounded electrode of a rf glow discharge sustained in a He/N-2 gas mixture while using a Gaseous Electronics Conference Reference Cell (33.3 Pa, 13.56 MHz). We found that the shape of the IEDs for N-3(+) and N-4(+) provide evidence for inelastic ion-molecule reactions which have threshold energies of <10 eV. (C) 1996 American Institute of physics. C1 NIST,DIV ELECT,ELECTR & ELECT ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Hwang, HH (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,1406 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Kushner, Mark/A-7362-2008; Kushner, Mark/D-4547-2015 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1063/1.360795 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN211 UT WOS:A1996TN21100014 ER PT J AU Egelhoff, WF Chen, PJ Misra, RDK Ha, T Kadmon, Y Powell, CJ Stiles, MD McMichael, RD Lin, CL Sivertsen, JM Judy, JH AF Egelhoff, WF Chen, PJ Misra, RDK Ha, T Kadmon, Y Powell, CJ Stiles, MD McMichael, RD Lin, CL Sivertsen, JM Judy, JH TI Low-temperature growth of giant magnetoresistance spin valves SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; FCC-FE FILMS; CO/CU MULTILAYERS; ENHANCED MAGNETORESISTANCE; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; CU(100); SUPERLATTICES; CO; CU(111); COBALT AB We have investigated the dependence of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect, the coercivity, the coupling field, and the resistivity on film deposition at low-substrate temperatures (150 K) in spin valve multilayers of the general type: FeMn/Ni(80)d(20)/Co/Cu/Co/Ni80Fe20/glass. Low substrate temperatures tend to suppress both thermally activated surface diffusion of deposited atoms and interdiffusion at interfaces, which often occur during thin-film deposition at room temperature. We find significant increases in the GMR, significant reductions in the magnetic coupling across the Cu layer, slight reductions in the coercivity of the unpinned film, and slight reductions in the resistivity depending on which parts of the multilayer are deposited at low temperature. When the entire film is deposited at 150 K we obtain a GMR of 8.8% at a coercivity of less than 0.5 mT (5 Oe). (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,CTR MICROMAGNET & INFORMAT TECHNOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT ELECT ENGN,CTR MICROMAGNET & INFORMAT TECHNOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Egelhoff, WF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI McMichael, Robert/J-8688-2012; Stiles, Mark/K-2426-2012; OI Stiles, Mark/0000-0001-8238-4156; McMichael, Robert/0000-0002-1372-664X NR 52 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1996 VL 79 IS 1 BP 282 EP 290 DI 10.1063/1.360942 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TN211 UT WOS:A1996TN21100044 ER PT J AU VanDolah, FM Ramsdell, JS AF VanDolah, FM Ramsdell, JS TI Maitotoxin, a calcium channel activator, inhibits cell cycle progression through the G1/S and G2/M transitions and prevents CDC2 kinase activation in GH(4)C(1) cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTERIOR-PITUITARY CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE; S-PHASE; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; COLORIMETRIC ASSAY; PROLIFERATION; MITOSIS; CALMODULIN; NIMA; INACTIVATION AB Calcium regulates progression through several checkpoints in the cell cycle, including the G1/S-phase transition, G2/M-phase transition, and exit from mitosis. In the GH(4)C(1) rat pituitary cell line, calcium mobilizing polypeptides and calcium channel activation inhibit cell proliferation. This report examines the effects of maitotoxin (MTX), an activator of type L voltage-dependent calcium channels (L-VDCC), on calcium influx and cell cycle progression in GH(4)C(1) cells. MTX causes both a block from G1 to S-phase and a concentration-dependent accumulation of cells in G2+M. MTX does not increase the mitotic index; thus, sustained calcium channel activation by MTX results in an accumulation of cells in G2. In order to temporally localize the MTX-induced G2 block relative to cell cycle regulatory events at the G2/M transition, we assessed the relative activity of two cell cycle regulatory protein kinases, CDC2 and CDK2, in MTX-treated cells. CDC2-specific histone kinase activity in MTX-treated cells is lower than either in cells blocked in mitosis with the microtubule destabilizing agent demecolcine or in randomly cycling cells. In contrast, the activity of CDK2 is highest in MTX-treated cells, consistent with a G2 block prior to CDC2 activation. Together, these results implicate calcium as an intracellular signal required for progression through G2 phase of the cell cycle prior to CDC2 kinase activation. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,MARINE BIOMED & ENVIRONM SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29412. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,CHARLESTON LAB,MARINE BIOTOXINS PROGRAM,CHARLESTON,SC 29412. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 166 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199601)166:1<49::AID-JCP6>3.0.CO;2-G PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA TM554 UT WOS:A1996TM55400006 PM 8557775 ER PT J AU Laesecke, A Defibaugh, DR AF Laesecke, A Defibaugh, DR TI Viscosity of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane at saturated liquid conditions from 262 K to 353 K SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article AB Viscosities are reported for two fluorinated propane isomers in the saturated-liquid state at temperatures from 262 K to 353 K. The compounds are 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R236ea) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R236fa). The measurements were performed in a capillary viscometer designed for fluids with vapor pressures above ambient. The estimated uncertainty of the viscosity measurements is +/-3%. A free-volume model was used to correlate the experimental results, and they were also compared with predictions from an extended corresponding states model. C1 NIST,DIV THERMOPHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Laesecke, A (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JAN-FEB PY 1996 VL 41 IS 1 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1021/je950206t PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA TQ045 UT WOS:A1996TQ04500014 ER PT J AU OHare, PAG Wakeham, WA Weir, RD AF OHare, PAG Wakeham, WA Weir, RD TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ROYAL MIL COLL CANADA,DEPT CHEM & CHEM ENGN,KINGSTON,ON K7K 5L0,CANADA. ACAD PRESS,CAMBRIDGE CB2 3PJ,ENGLAND. RP OHare, PAG (reprint author), NIST,BLDG 222,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 28 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1006/jcht.1996.0001 PG 1 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA TW088 UT WOS:A1996TW08800001 ER PT J AU Tomaszkiewicz, I Hope, GA Beck, CM OHare, PAG AF Tomaszkiewicz, I Hope, GA Beck, CM OHare, PAG TI Thermodynamic properties of silicides .5. Fluorine-combustion calorimetric determination of the standard molar enthalpy of formation at the temperature 298.15 K of trimolybdenum monosilicide Mo3Si, and a critical assessment of its thermodynamic properties SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID TUNGSTEN DISILICIDE; MOLYBDENUM; ENERGY AB The massic (formerly called specific) energies of combustion in fluorine of two different specimens of trimolybdenum monosilicide have been measured in a bomb calorimeter and the standard molar enthalpy of formation Delta(f)H(m)(o)(Mo3Si,cr,298.15 K) determined to be -(125.2 +/- 5.8) kJ . mol(-1). A critical evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of Mo3Si is also presented, and recommended values for the standard molar enthalpy increments, standard molar heat capacities, standard molar enthalpies of formation, and standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation have been tabulated to T = 2300 K. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 NIST,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. POLISH ACAD SCI,INST PHYS CHEM,WARSAW,POLAND. RI Hope, Gregory/A-7556-2008 OI Hope, Gregory/0000-0003-2694-3456 NR 43 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 28 IS 1 BP 29 EP 42 DI 10.1006/jcht.1996.0005 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA TW088 UT WOS:A1996TW08800005 ER PT J AU Portman, DA Gutzler, DS AF Portman, DA Gutzler, DS TI Explosive volcanic eruptions, the El Nino Southern Oscillation, and US climate variability SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID TERM TEMPERATURE RECORDS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; PINATUBO ERUPTION; CONTINENTAL TEMPERATURE; EMPIRICAL-APPROACH; WINTER CLIMATE; IMPACT; PRECIPITATION; ATMOSPHERE; AEROSOLS AB A study was conducted to identify and separate possible signals of volcanic eruptions and of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in U.S. surface climate records. Anomalies of monthly mean surface air temperature and total precipitation taken from the U.S. Historical Climatology Network were composited (averaged) over years of major explosive volcanic eruptions, ENSO warm events, and ENSO cold events since the year 1900. It was assumed that volcanic eruptions and ENSO events occur independently of each other. All composite anomalies were assessed for significance with regard to several statistical and physical criteria. The composite ENSO-related anomalies were then subtracted from anomalies of temperature and precipitation associated with the volcanic eruptions. Removal of large magnitude and highly significant anomalies associated with the ENSO warm and cold events is found to facilitate detection of volcanic signals in monthly records of U.S. temperature and precipitation. Volcanic signals are strongly suggested east of the Continental Divide, for example, where positive monthly temperature anomalies exceeding 1 degrees C occur during the first fall and winter after eruptions. Negative temperature anomalies occur west of the Continental Divide during the first winter and spring after eruptions and in the southern United States during the summer of the first post-eruption calendar year. Positive monthly precipitation anomalies exceeding 15 mm in magnitude are found in the southeastern United States during the first winter and spring after eruptions. Precipitation anomalies that are smaller in magnitude and yet significant, such as positive anomalies in the northwestern United States and negative anomalies in the central and eastern United States, are found during the summer of the first post-eruption calendar year. C1 NOAA, AERON LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP ATMOSPHER & ENVIRONM RES INC, 840 MEM DR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 1 BP 17 EP 33 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0017:EVETEN>2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR259 UT WOS:A1996TR25900003 ER PT J AU Overland, JE Turet, P Oort, AH AF Overland, JE Turet, P Oort, AH TI Regional variations of moist static energy flux into the Arctic SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SEA ICE; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB The authors investigate the climatological heating of the Arctic by the atmospheric moist static energy (MSE) flux from lower latitudes based on 25 years (November 1964-1989) of the GFDL dataset. During the five month winter period (NDJFM) the transport of sensible heat by transient eddies is the largest component (50%) at 70 degrees N, followed by the transport of sensible heat by standing eddies (25%), and the moist static energy flux by the mean meridional circulation (25%). The mean meridional circulation (MMC) changes from a Ferrel cell to a thermally direct circulation near 60 degrees N; maximum horizontal velocities in the thermally direct circulation peak near 70 degrees N. North of 60 degrees N the sensible heat flux by the MMC is southward and opposes the greater northward transport of geopotential energy. The transport of energy is not uniform. Major pathways are the northward transport of positive anomalies through the Greenland and Barents Seas into the eastern Arctic and the southward transport of negative anomalies to the east of the Siberian high. The Atlantic pathway in winter relates to transport by transient eddies, while the western Siberian flux relates to the standing eddy pattern. Interannual variability of northward MSE is concentrated in these two regions. The western Arctic Ocean from about 30 degrees to 60 degrees W receives about 50 W m(-2) less energy flux convergence than the eastern Arctic. This result compares well with the observed minimum January surface air temperatures in the Canadian Basin of the western Arctic and implies that the greater observed ice thickness in this region may have a thermodynamic as well as a dynamic origin. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,JOINT INST STUDY ATMOSPHERE & OCEAN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. RP Overland, JE (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,BLDG 3,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 1 BP 54 EP 65 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0054:RVOMSE>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR259 UT WOS:A1996TR25900005 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Hoerling, M Ji, M Leetmaa, A Sardeshmukh, P AF Kumar, A Hoerling, M Ji, M Leetmaa, A Sardeshmukh, P TI Assessing a GCM's suitability for making seasonal predictions SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES AB This study investigates the predictability of seasonal mean circulation anomalies associated purely with the influence of anomalous sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Within this framework, seasonal mean atmospheric anomalies on a case by case basis are understood to consist of a potentially predictable boundary-forced component and an unpredictable naturally varying component. The predictive capability of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) for seasonal timescales should therefore be assessed in terms of the average skill over many cases, sin; it is only then that the boundary-forced predictable signal in observations can be identified. To illustrate, experiments for 1982-1993 using two versions of an AGCM are presented. The models, referred to here as MRF8 and MRF9, differ in the parameterization of a single process. Each model is run nine times for the 12 years using different initial conditions but identical observed global SSTs. The nine-member ensemble mean anomalies for each season in 1982-1993 are compared with observed anomalies over the Pacific-North American (PNA) region. Several different measures of the impact of SST boundary forcing on the extratropical flow suggest that MRF9 is a better model for seasonal prediction purposes. The two AGCMs have substantially different zonal-mean climatologies in the Tropics and subtropics, with MRF9 significantly better. It is argued that the improved mean flow in MRF9 enhances its midlatitude sensitivity to tropical forcing. The results highlight the importance of continued GCM development and give reason to hope that an even better model would lead to further improved forecasts of seasonal anomalies over the PNA sector. RP Kumar, A (reprint author), NOAA,NATL METEOROL CTR,ROOM 807,5200 AUTH RD,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746, USA. NR 26 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 1 BP 115 EP 129 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0115:AAGSFM>2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TR259 UT WOS:A1996TR25900009 ER PT J AU Markovic, M Takagi, S Chow, LC AF Markovic, M Takagi, S Chow, LC TI Calcium phosphate cements with incorporated carbonate ions. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST, ADAHF PAFFENBARGER RES CTR, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI MA 59 BP 25 EP 25 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100058 ER PT J AU Cherng, A Takagi, S Chow, LC AF Cherng, A Takagi, S Chow, LC TI Alkalinization potential of calcium phosphate cement. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,PRC,ADAHF,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100028 ER PT J AU Tung, MS AF Tung, MS TI Gelation of calcium phosphate. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 56 EP 56 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100056 ER PT J AU Mathew, M AF Mathew, M TI Structural studies of highly hydrated phosphates. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 61 EP 61 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100059 ER PT J AU Gentile, MJ Kelly, JR AF Gentile, MJ Kelly, JR TI Intra-oral wear mechanisms on dental ceramics. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 264 EP 264 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100264 ER PT J AU Steiner, PJ Kelly, JR AF Steiner, PJ Kelly, JR TI Compatibility of ceramic-ceramic systems. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 265 EP 265 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100265 ER PT J AU Takagi, S Cherng, M Chow, LC AF Takagi, S Cherng, M Chow, LC TI Properties of composites of calcium phosphate cement and beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate dihydrate, and demineralized bone SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 433 EP 433 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100433 ER PT J AU Ishikawa, K Takagi, S Chow, LC Sieck, BA AF Ishikawa, K Takagi, S Chow, LC Sieck, BA TI Release of antibiotics from calcium phosphate cements. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TOKUSHIMA,TOKUSHIMA 770,JAPAN. NIST,ADAHF PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 434 EP 434 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100437 ER PT J AU Dickens, SH Takagi, S Liao, H AF Dickens, SH Takagi, S Liao, H TI In-vitro properties of novel resin-reinforced calcium phosphate cements SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,ADAHF PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 435 EP 435 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100434 ER PT J AU Eidelman, N Fowler, BO Joshi, R Levy, RJ AF Eidelman, N Fowler, BO Joshi, R Levy, RJ TI Characterization of calcified deposits on polyurethane implants by FTIR microscopy. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ADAHF PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NIST,NIDR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,ANN ARBOR,MI. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 574 EP 574 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100575 ER PT J AU Bowen, RL Bennett, PS Groh, RJ Farahani, M Eichmiller, FC AF Bowen, RL Bennett, PS Groh, RJ Farahani, M Eichmiller, FC TI New surface-active comonomer for adhesive bonding SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dentin; adhesive bonding; monomers; amines ID DENTIN AB Previous studies have indicated that chemical and physical characteristics of aromatic amines can be influenced by the nature of their substituents. The experimental question examined in the present study relates to the effects of replacing specific hydrogen atoms with methyl groups in a surface-active comonomer utilized in adhesive bonding protocols. N-2-propionic acid-N-3-(2-hydroxy-1-methacryloxy)propyl-3,5-dimethylaniline sodium salt (N35A) was synthesized by an addition reaction of glycidyl methacrylate with the sodium salt of N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)alanine, which was formed by alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl-N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)alanate that was prepared by condensation of ethyl-2-bromopropionate with 3,5-dimethylaniline. H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra and analysis by mass spectroscopy were consistent with N35A after it had been recrystallized from acetone. Color stability and adhesion-promoting capability of N35A were compared with those of N-2-acetic acid-N-3-(2-hydroxy-1-methacryloxy)propyl-4-methylanaline sodium salt (Na-NTG-GMA), the latter being widely used in commercial bonding formulations. Both N35A and Na-NTG-GMA polymerized within a few minutes at 23 degrees C when dissolved in aliquots from a stock solution containing benzene 85 wt%, ethanol 14 wt%, and benzoyl peroxide 1.0 wt%; but with each at 0.018 molal concentration, the N35A suspension was more color-stable than that of the Na-NTG-GMA. In the protocol used, shear bond strengths of a hybrid composite to human dentin with N35A were 30.2 MPa, SD = 7.5 MPa, and with Na-NTG-GMA, 29.7 MPa, SD = 11.8 MPa (n = 7 each; t test, p = 0.93). C1 UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,FAC DENT,LONDON,ON N6A 5C1,CANADA. RP Bowen, RL (reprint author), NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P50 DE09322] NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 75 IS 1 BP 606 EP 610 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UL312 UT WOS:A1996UL31200015 PM 8655767 ER PT J AU Dickens, SH AF Dickens, SH TI Symposium: Advances in dental materials sciences - Novel approaches and developments. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 824 EP 824 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100824 ER PT J AU Lawn, BR AF Lawn, BR TI Contact damage and fatigue of dental ceramics. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 857 EP 857 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100857 ER PT J AU Mackert, JR Russell, CM EvansWilliams, AL AF Mackert, JR Russell, CM EvansWilliams, AL TI Evidence of a critical leucite particle radius for microcracking in dental porcelains. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. MED COLL GEORGIA,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 866 EP 866 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100869 ER PT J AU Code, JE Antonucci, JM Schumacher, GE Bennett, PS AF Code, JE Antonucci, JM Schumacher, GE Bennett, PS TI Silane-modified dentin bonding systems. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD. NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 870 EP 870 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100871 ER PT J AU Nikaido, T Antonucci, JM AF Nikaido, T Antonucci, JM TI Stabilization effect of NPG on demineralized dentin and its mechanism. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TOKYO MED & DENT UNIV,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 871 EP 871 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100868 ER PT J AU Rose, KJ Takagi, S Chow, LC AF Rose, KJ Takagi, S Chow, LC TI Deposition of fluoride in vitro with the use of a water-free fluoride gel. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 998 EP 998 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100999 ER PT J AU Vogel, G Zhang, Z Carey, C Chow, L AF Vogel, G Zhang, Z Carey, C Chow, L TI Anti-caries potential of a calcium phosphate-containing chewing gum. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1004 EP 1004 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101006 ER PT J AU Stephenson, MAS AF Stephenson, MAS TI Preparation of new dendritic adhesive materials for dental applications. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1016 EP 1016 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101016 ER PT J AU Skrtic, D Antonucci, JM Eanes, ED AF Skrtic, D Antonucci, JM Eanes, ED TI Modified amorphous calcium phosphate fillers for bioactive composite applications. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDR,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1017 EP 1017 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101017 ER PT J AU Stansbury, JW Antonucci, JM Choi, KM AF Stansbury, JW Antonucci, JM Choi, KM TI High strength, hydrophobic composites from urethane-containing fluorinated resins. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1018 EP 1018 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101021 ER PT J AU Mcdonough, WG Antonucci, JM AF Mcdonough, WG Antonucci, JM TI Interfacial shear strengths of dental composites by a microbond test. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1026 EP 1026 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101029 ER PT J AU George, LA Eichmiller, FC AF George, LA Eichmiller, FC TI DTS and hardness of a composite containing a novel filler. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PRC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1028 EP 1028 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101030 ER PT J AU Farahani, M Antonucci, JM Karam, LR AF Farahani, M Antonucci, JM Karam, LR TI Initiation of methacrylate polymerization by N-aryl-alpha-amino acids. A mass spectrometric study. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NIST,DIV POLYMER,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NIST,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1032 EP 1032 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101032 ER PT J AU Marks, MG Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM AF Marks, MG Kelly, JR Antonucci, JM TI Effect of resin composition on polymer-reinforced porous ceramics. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,SCH DENT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1041 EP 1041 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101041 ER PT J AU Carey, CM Lewis, MR AF Carey, CM Lewis, MR TI HPO42-selective electrode interferences: Implications for phosphate measurement in oral fluids. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20877. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1389 EP 1389 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101387 ER EF